architecture that unleashes 60 percent of the brain [and] a legal
system that closes down that part of the brain.</quote>
</para>
-<indexterm startref="idxbrownjohnseely" class='endofrange'/>
+<indexterm startref='idxbrownjohnseely' class='endofrange'/>
<para>
We're building a technology that takes the magic of Kodak, mixes
moving images and sound, and adds a space for commentary and an
(2003): 5, available at 2003 WL 55179443.
</para></footnote>
</para>
-<indexterm startref="idxrensselaer" class='endofrange'/>
+<indexterm startref='idxrensselaer' class='endofrange'/>
<para>
Jesse called his parents. They were supportive but a bit frightened.
An uncle was a lawyer. He began negotiations with the RIAA. They
The record industry was born of another kind of piracy, though to see
how requires a bit of detail about the way the law regulates music.
</para>
-<indexterm id="idxfourneauxhenri" class='startofrange'><primary>Fourneaux, Henri</primary></indexterm>
+<indexterm id='idxfourneauxhenri' class='startofrange'><primary>Fourneaux, Henri</primary></indexterm>
<indexterm><primary>Russel, Phil</primary></indexterm>
<para>
At the time that Edison and Henri Fourneaux invented machines
then, I could effectively pirate someone else's song without paying
its composer anything.
</para>
-<indexterm startref="idxfourneauxhenri" class='endofrange'/>
+<indexterm startref='idxfourneauxhenri' class='endofrange'/>
<para>
The composers (and publishers) were none too happy about
<!-- PAGE BREAK 69 -->
for free, even if it must pay the composer something for the privilege
of playing the song.
</para>
-<indexterm id="idxmadonna" class='startofrange'><primary>Madonna</primary></indexterm>
+<indexterm id='idxmadonna' class='startofrange'><primary>Madonna</primary></indexterm>
<para>
This difference can be huge. Imagine you compose a piece of music.
Imagine it is your first. You own the exclusive right to authorize
<emphasis>pirate</emphasis> the value of Madonna's work without paying
her anything.
</para>
-<indexterm startref="idxmadonna" class='endofrange'/>
+<indexterm startref='idxmadonna' class='endofrange'/>
<para>
No doubt, one might argue that, on balance, the recording artists
benefit. On average, the promotion they get is worth more than the
most significant, and any regulator (whether controlling or freeing)
must consider how these four in particular interact.
</para>
-<indexterm id="idxdrivespeed" class='startofrange'><primary>driving speed, constraints on</primary></indexterm>
+<indexterm id='idxdrivespeed' class='startofrange'><primary>driving speed, constraints on</primary></indexterm>
<indexterm><primary>architecture, constraint effected through</primary></indexterm>
<indexterm><primary>market constraints</primary></indexterm>
<indexterm><primary>norms, regulatory influence of</primary></indexterm>
limit, for example—so as to decrease the attractiveness of fast
driving.
</para>
-<indexterm startref="idxdrivespeed" class='endofrange'/>
+<indexterm startref='idxdrivespeed' class='endofrange'/>
<figure id="fig-1361">
<title>Law has a special role in affecting the three.</title>
<para>
Here's the metaphor that will capture the argument to follow.
</para>
-<indexterm id="idxddt" class='startofrange'><primary>DDT</primary></indexterm>
+<indexterm id='idxddt' class='startofrange'><primary>DDT</primary></indexterm>
<indexterm><primary>Müller, Paul Hermann</primary></indexterm>
<para>
In 1873, the chemical DDT was first synthesized. In 1948, Swiss
for free culture that will be far more devastating than that this gnat will
be lost.
</para>
-<indexterm startref="idxddt" class='endofrange'/>
+<indexterm startref='idxddt' class='endofrange'/>
</section>
<section id="beginnings">
<title>Beginnings</title>
your freedom.
</para>
<indexterm><primary>Casablanca</primary></indexterm>
-<indexterm id="idxmarxbrothers" class='startofrange'><primary>Marx Brothers</primary></indexterm>
-<indexterm id="idxwarnerbrothers" class='startofrange'><primary>Warner Brothers</primary></indexterm>
+<indexterm id='idxmarxbrothers' class='startofrange'><primary>Marx Brothers</primary></indexterm>
+<indexterm id='idxwarnerbrothers' class='startofrange'><primary>Warner Brothers</primary></indexterm>
<para>
There's a famous story about a battle between the Marx Brothers
and Warner Brothers. The Marxes intended to make a parody of
shame. Code would not get the humor of the Marx Brothers. The
consequence of that is not at all funny.
</para>
-<indexterm startref="idxwarnerbrothers" class='endofrange'/>
-<indexterm startref="idxmarxbrothers" class='endofrange'/>
+<indexterm startref='idxwarnerbrothers' class='endofrange'/>
+<indexterm startref='idxmarxbrothers' class='endofrange'/>
-<indexterm id="idxadobeebookreader" class='startofrange'><primary>Adobe eBook Reader</primary></indexterm>
+<indexterm id='idxadobeebookreader' class='startofrange'><primary>Adobe eBook Reader</primary></indexterm>
<para>
Consider the life of my Adobe eBook Reader.
</para>
control. That incentive is understandable, yet what it creates is
often crazy.
</para>
-<indexterm startref="idxadobeebookreader" class='endofrange'/>
+<indexterm startref='idxadobeebookreader' class='endofrange'/>
<indexterm startref='idxbooksoninternet' class='endofrange'/>
<para>
To see the point in a particularly absurd context, consider a favorite
story of mine that makes the same point.
</para>
-<indexterm id="idxaibo1" class='startofrange'><primary>Aibo robotic dog</primary></indexterm>
-<indexterm id="idxroboticdog1" class='startofrange'><primary>robotic dog</primary></indexterm>
-<indexterm id="idxsonyaibo1" class='startofrange'><primary>Sony</primary><secondary>Aibo robotic dog produced by</secondary></indexterm>
+<indexterm id='idxaibo1' class='startofrange'><primary>Aibo robotic dog</primary></indexterm>
+<indexterm id='idxroboticdog1' class='startofrange'><primary>robotic dog</primary></indexterm>
+<indexterm id='idxsonyaibo1' class='startofrange'><primary>Sony</primary><secondary>Aibo robotic dog produced by</secondary></indexterm>
<para>
Consider the robotic dog made by Sony named <quote>Aibo.</quote> The Aibo
learns tricks, cuddles, and follows you around. It eats only electricity
bit of tinkering that turned the dog into a more talented creature
than Sony had built.
</para>
-<indexterm startref="idxsonyaibo1" class='endofrange'/>
-<indexterm startref="idxroboticdog1" class='endofrange'/>
-<indexterm startref="idxaibo1" class='endofrange'/>
+<indexterm startref='idxsonyaibo1' class='endofrange'/>
+<indexterm startref='idxroboticdog1' class='endofrange'/>
+<indexterm startref='idxaibo1' class='endofrange'/>
<para>
I've told this story in many contexts, both inside and outside the
United States. Once I was asked by a puzzled member of the audience,
weakness in the SDMI system, and why SDMI would not, as presently
constituted, succeed.
</para>
-<indexterm id="idxaibo2" class='startofrange'><primary>Aibo robotic dog</primary></indexterm>
-<indexterm id="idxroboticdog2" class='startofrange'><primary>robotic dog</primary></indexterm>
-<indexterm id="idxsonyaibo2" class='startofrange'><primary>Sony</primary><secondary>Aibo robotic dog produced by</secondary></indexterm>
+<indexterm id='idxaibo2' class='startofrange'><primary>Aibo robotic dog</primary></indexterm>
+<indexterm id='idxroboticdog2' class='startofrange'><primary>robotic dog</primary></indexterm>
+<indexterm id='idxsonyaibo2' class='startofrange'><primary>Sony</primary><secondary>Aibo robotic dog produced by</secondary></indexterm>
<para>
What links these two, aibopet.com and Felten, is the letters they
then received. Aibopet.com received a letter from Sony about the
anti-circumvention provisions of the Digital Millennium Copyright Act.
</para>
</blockquote>
-<indexterm startref="idxsonyaibo2" class='endofrange'/>
-<indexterm startref="idxroboticdog2" class='endofrange'/>
-<indexterm startref="idxaibo2" class='endofrange'/>
+<indexterm startref='idxsonyaibo2' class='endofrange'/>
+<indexterm startref='idxroboticdog2' class='endofrange'/>
+<indexterm startref='idxaibo2' class='endofrange'/>
<para>
And though an academic paper describing the weakness in a system
of encryption should also be perfectly legal, Felten received a letter
<!-- PAGE BREAK 186 -->
<chapter label="11" id="chimera">
<title>CHAPTER ELEVEN: Chimera</title>
-<indexterm id="idxchimera" class='startofrange'><primary>chimeras</primary></indexterm>
-<indexterm id="idxwells" class='startofrange'><primary>Wells, H. G.</primary></indexterm>
-<indexterm id="idxtcotb" class='startofrange'><primary><quote>Country of the Blind, The</quote> (Wells)</primary></indexterm>
+<indexterm id='idxchimera' class='startofrange'><primary>chimeras</primary></indexterm>
+<indexterm id='idxwells' class='startofrange'><primary>Wells, H. G.</primary></indexterm>
+<indexterm id='idxtcotb' class='startofrange'><primary><quote>Country of the Blind, The</quote> (Wells)</primary></indexterm>
<para>
<emphasis role='strong'>In a well-known</emphasis> short story by
certainty that she was not the person whose blood was at the
scene. …</quote>
</para>
-<indexterm startref="idxtcotb" class='endofrange'/>
-<indexterm startref="idxwells" class="endofrange"/>
+<indexterm startref='idxtcotb' class='endofrange'/>
+<indexterm startref='idxwells' class="endofrange"/>
<para>
Before I had read about chimeras, I would have said they were
impossible. A single person can't have two sets of DNA. The very idea
</para></footnote>
</para>
-<indexterm startref="idxchimera" class='endofrange'/>
+<indexterm startref='idxchimera' class='endofrange'/>
<para>
Alternatively, we could respond to file sharing the way many kids act
as though we've responded. We could totally legalize it. Let there be
copies, it was 50,000 copies directed at giving customers something
they had already bought.
</para>
-<indexterm id="idxvivendiuniversal" class='startofrange'><primary>Vivendi Universal</primary></indexterm>
+<indexterm id='idxvivendiuniversal' class='startofrange'><primary>Vivendi Universal</primary></indexterm>
<para>
Nine days after MP3.com launched its service, the five major labels,
headed by the RIAA, brought a lawsuit against MP3.com. MP3.com settled
you who believe the law should be less restrictive should realize that
such a view of the law will cost you and your firm dearly.
</para>
-<indexterm startref="idxvivendiuniversal" class='endofrange'/>
+<indexterm startref='idxvivendiuniversal' class='endofrange'/>
<indexterm><primary>Hummer, John</primary></indexterm>
<indexterm><primary>Barry, Hank</primary></indexterm>
<indexterm><primary>Hummer Winblad</primary></indexterm>
<!-- PAGE BREAK 220 -->
<chapter label="13" id="eldred">
<title>CHAPTER THIRTEEN: Eldred</title>
-<indexterm id="idxhawthornenathaniel" class='startofrange'><primary>Hawthorne, Nathaniel</primary></indexterm>
+<indexterm id='idxhawthornenathaniel' class='startofrange'><primary>Hawthorne, Nathaniel</primary></indexterm>
<para>
<emphasis role='strong'>In 1995</emphasis>, a father was frustrated
that his daughters didn't seem to like Hawthorne. No doubt there was
</part>
<chapter label="15" id="c-conclusion">
<title>CONCLUSION</title>
-<indexterm id="idxantiretroviraldrugs" class='startofrange'><primary>antiretroviral drugs</primary></indexterm>
-<indexterm id="idxhivaidstherapies" class='startofrange'><primary>HIV/AIDS therapies</primary></indexterm>
-<indexterm id="idxafricahivmed" class='startofrange'><primary>Africa, medications for HIV patients in</primary></indexterm>
+<indexterm id='idxafricamedicationsforhivpatientsin' class='startofrange'><primary>Africa, medications for HIV patients in</primary></indexterm>
+<indexterm id='idxhivaidstherapies' class='startofrange'><primary>HIV/AIDS therapies</primary></indexterm>
+<indexterm id='idxantiretroviraldrugs' class='startofrange'><primary>antiretroviral drugs</primary></indexterm>
<para>
<emphasis role='strong'>There are more</emphasis> than 35 million
people with the AIDS virus worldwide. Twenty-five million of them live
consequences more grave to the spread of ideas and culture than almost
any other single policy decision that we as a democracy will make.
</para>
-<indexterm startref="idxafricahivmed" class='endofrange'/>
-<indexterm startref="idxhivaidstherapies" class='endofrange'/>
-<indexterm startref="idxantiretroviraldrugs" class='endofrange'/>
+<indexterm startref='idxafricamedicationsforhivpatientsin' class='endofrange'/>
+<indexterm startref='idxhivaidstherapies' class='endofrange'/>
+<indexterm startref='idxantiretroviraldrugs' class='endofrange'/>
<para>
<emphasis role='strong'>A simple idea</emphasis> blinds us, and under
the cover of darkness, much happens that most of us would reject if
with the story of this book. This is the shift in the way academic and
scientific journals are produced.
</para>
-<indexterm id="idxacademocjournals" class='startofrange'><primary>academic journals</primary></indexterm>
+<indexterm id='idxacademocjournals' class='startofrange'><primary>academic journals</primary></indexterm>
<para>
As digital technologies develop, it is becoming obvious to many that
printing thousands of copies of journals every month and sending them
presumptively a good—especially when it helps spread knowledge
and science.
</para>
-<indexterm startref="idxacademocjournals" class='endofrange'/>
+<indexterm startref='idxacademocjournals' class='endofrange'/>
</section>
<section id="oneidea">
<title>Rebuilding Free Culture: One Idea</title>
-<indexterm id="idxcc" class='startofrange'><primary>Creative Commons</primary></indexterm>
+<indexterm id='idxcc' class='startofrange'><primary>Creative Commons</primary></indexterm>
<para>
The same strategy could be applied to culture, as a response to the
increasing control effected through law and technology.
flexibly and cheaply. That difference, we believe, will enable
creativity to spread more easily.
</para>
-<indexterm startref="idxcc" class='endofrange'/>
+<indexterm startref='idxcc' class='endofrange'/>
<!-- PAGE BREAK 292 -->
</section>