Add several indexterm entries after comparing with the ones in http://www.jus.uio...

diff --git a/freeculture.nb.po b/freeculture.nb.po
index 29e1d2dc1b86b0d87669ec431e6125b58dee692b..4d3640050a31e71bd6b242697430f55972673700 100644 (file)
--- a/freeculture.nb.po
+++ b/freeculture.nb.po
@@ -7,7 +7,7 @@
 msgid ""
 msgstr ""
 "Project-Id-Version: Free Culture by Lawrence Lessig\n"
-"POT-Creation-Date: 2012-09-03 15:27+0300\n"
+"POT-Creation-Date: 2012-09-03 22:46+0300\n"
 "PO-Revision-Date: 2012-08-29 11:14+0200\n"
 "Last-Translator: Petter Reinholdtsen <pere@hungry.com>\n"
 "Language-Team: Norwegian Bokmål <i18n-nb@lister.ping.uio.no>\n"
@@ -7063,7 +7063,7 @@ msgstr ""
 msgid "in Asia"
 msgstr "i Asia"
 
-#. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><section><indexterm><primary>
+#. type: Content of: <book><chapter><indexterm><primary>
 msgid "free software/open-source software (FS/OSS)"
 msgstr "fri programvare/åpen kildekode-programvare (FS/OSS)"
 
@@ -14549,7 +14549,7 @@ msgstr "<graphic fileref=\"images/1622.png\"></graphic>"
 msgid "Future of Ideas, The (Lessig)"
 msgstr "fremtiden for ideer, (lessig)"
 
-#. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><section><indexterm><primary>
+#. type: Content of: <book><chapter><indexterm><primary>
 msgid "Lessig, Lawrence"
 msgstr "Lessig, Lawrence"
 
@@ -23351,13 +23351,29 @@ msgid "Africa, medications for HIV patients in"
 msgstr "Afrika, medisinering for HIV-pasienter i"
 
 #. type: Content of: <book><chapter><indexterm><primary>
-msgid "HIV/AIDS therapies"
-msgstr "HIV/AIDS-behandlinger"
+msgid "AIDS medications"
+msgstr "AIDS-medisiner"
 
 #. type: Content of: <book><chapter><indexterm><primary>
 msgid "antiretroviral drugs"
 msgstr "antiretroviral medisin"
 
+#. type: Content of: <book><chapter><indexterm><primary>
+msgid "developing countries, foreign patent costs in"
+msgstr ""
+
+#. type: Content of: <book><chapter><indexterm><primary>
+msgid "drugs"
+msgstr "medisiner"
+
+#. type: Content of: <book><chapter><indexterm><secondary>
+msgid "pharmaceutical"
+msgstr "farmasøytisk"
+
+#. type: Content of: <book><chapter><indexterm><primary>
+msgid "HIV/AIDS therapies"
+msgstr "HIV/AIDS-behandlinger"
+
 #. type: Content of: <book><chapter><para>
 msgid ""
 "<emphasis role='strong'>There are more</emphasis> than 35 million people "
@@ -23422,6 +23438,19 @@ msgstr ""
 "Zimbabwe.  Med slike priser er disse medisinene fullstendig utilgjengelig."
 "<placeholder type=\"footnote\" id=\"0\"/>"
 
+#. type: Content of: <book><chapter><indexterm><primary>
+msgid "patents"
+msgstr "patenter"
+
+#. type: Content of: <book><chapter><indexterm><secondary>
+#, mtrans, fuzzy
+msgid "on pharmaceuticals"
+msgstr "om legemidler"
+
+#. type: Content of: <book><chapter><indexterm><primary>
+msgid "pharmaceutical patents"
+msgstr "farmasøytiske patenter"
+
 #.  PAGE BREAK 265
 #. type: Content of: <book><chapter><para>
 msgid ""
@@ -23698,6 +23727,15 @@ msgstr ""
 "så mange døde?  Hva slags galskap er det egentlig som tillater at så mange "
 "dør for slik en abstraksjon?"
 
+#. type: Content of: <book><chapter><indexterm><primary>
+msgid "corporations"
+msgstr ""
+
+#. type: Content of: <book><chapter><indexterm><secondary>
+#, mtrans, fuzzy
+msgid "in pharmaceutical industry"
+msgstr "om legemidler"
+
 #. type: Content of: <book><chapter><para>
 msgid ""
 "Some blame the drug companies. I don't. They are corporations.  Their "
@@ -23730,6 +23768,10 @@ msgstr ""
 "tilbake til USA, men dette er bare teknologiske utfordring. De kan bli "
 "overvunnet."
 
+#. type: Content of: <book><chapter><indexterm><secondary>
+msgid "of drug patents"
+msgstr ""
+
 #.  PAGE BREAK 268
 #. type: Content of: <book><chapter><para>
 msgid ""
@@ -23993,6 +24035,10 @@ msgstr ""
 "balansert med avtaler om å holde tilgang åpen, eller for å legge "
 "begrensninger på hvordan proprietære krav kan bli brukt."
 
+#. type: Content of: <book><chapter><indexterm><secondary>
+msgid "in international debate on intellectual property"
+msgstr ""
+
 #.  f7.
 #. type: Content of: <book><chapter><para><footnote><para>
 msgid ""
@@ -24080,6 +24126,10 @@ msgstr ""
 msgid "Apple Corporation"
 msgstr "Apple Corporation"
 
+#. type: Content of: <book><chapter><indexterm><secondary>
+msgid "on free software"
+msgstr "om fri programvare"
+
 #. type: Content of: <book><chapter><para>
 msgid ""
 "But there is one project within that list that is highly controversial, at "
@@ -24308,27 +24358,10 @@ msgstr ""
 "tilgivelig hos en førsteårs jusstudent, men pinlig fra en høyt plassert "
 "statstjenestemann som håndterer utfordringer rundt immaterielle rettigheter."
 
-#. type: Content of: <book><chapter><indexterm><primary>
-msgid "drugs"
-msgstr "medisiner"
-
-#. type: Content of: <book><chapter><indexterm><secondary>
-msgid "pharmaceutical"
-msgstr "farmasøytisk"
-
 #. type: Content of: <book><chapter><indexterm><primary>
 msgid "generic drugs"
 msgstr "generiske medisiner"
 
-#. type: Content of: <book><chapter><indexterm><primary>
-msgid "patents"
-msgstr "patenter"
-
-#. type: Content of: <book><chapter><indexterm><secondary>
-#, mtrans, fuzzy
-msgid "on pharmaceuticals"
-msgstr "om legemidler"
-
 #. type: Content of: <book><chapter><para>
 msgid ""
 "Second, who ever said that WIPO's exclusive aim was to <quote>promote</"
@@ -24401,6 +24434,14 @@ msgstr ""
 "er  maksimale immaterielle rettigheter, men også at de skal utøves på den "
 "mest ekstreme og restriktive mulig måten."
 
+#. type: Content of: <book><chapter><indexterm><primary>
+msgid "feudal system"
+msgstr "føydalsystem"
+
+#. type: Content of: <book><chapter><indexterm><secondary>
+msgid "feudal system of"
+msgstr "føydalsystem for"
+
 #. type: Content of: <book><chapter><para>
 msgid ""
 "There is a history of just such a property system that is well known in the "
@@ -25498,13 +25539,12 @@ msgid ""
 msgstr ""
 "Inn kommer Creative Commons.  Creative Commons er et ikke-kommersielt "
 "selskap etablert i Massachusetts, men med hjemmet sitt ved Stanford "
-"University.  Selskapets mål er å bygge et lag av "
-"<emphasis>rimelig</emphasis> opphavsrett på toppen av ekstremene som "
-"nå regjerer.  Det gjør dette ved å gjøre det enkelt for folk å bygge "
-"på andre folks verk, ved å gjøre det enkelt for skapere å uttrykke "
-"friheten for andre til å ta og bygge på deres verk.  Dette gjøres "
-"mulig med enkle merker, knyttet til menneskelesbare beskrivelser, som "
-"igjen er knyttet til vanntette lisenser."
+"University.  Selskapets mål er å bygge et lag av <emphasis>rimelig</"
+"emphasis> opphavsrett på toppen av ekstremene som nå regjerer.  Det gjør "
+"dette ved å gjøre det enkelt for folk å bygge på andre folks verk, ved å "
+"gjøre det enkelt for skapere å uttrykke friheten for andre til å ta og bygge "
+"på deres verk.  Dette gjøres mulig med enkle merker, knyttet til "
+"menneskelesbare beskrivelser, som igjen er knyttet til vanntette lisenser."
 
 #.  PAGE BREAK 288
 #. type: Content of: <book><chapter><section><section><para>
@@ -25524,21 +25564,19 @@ msgid ""
 "CC mark, which does not mean that copyright is waived, but that certain "
 "freedoms are given."
 msgstr ""
-"<emphasis>Enkelt</emphasis>&mdash;som betyr uten en mellommann eller "
-"uten en advokat.  Ved å utvikle et fritt sett med lisenser som folk "
-"kan knytte til sitt innhold, sikter Creative Commons å merke en rekke "
-"innhold som enkelt og pålitelig kan bygges på.  Disse merkene er så "
-"lenket til maskinlesbare versjoner av lisensen som gjør det mulig for "
-"datamaskiner å automatisk identifisere innhold som enkelt kan deles. "
-"Denne samlingen av tre uttrykk&mdash;en juridisk lisens, en "
-"menneske-lesbar beskrivelse og et maskinlesbart merke&mdash;utgjør en "
-"Creative Commons-lisens.  En Creative Commons-lisens utgjør en "
-"tildeling av frihet til enhver som har tilgang til lisensen.  Og "
-"viktigere, et uttrykk for at personen som bruker lisensen tror på noe "
-"annet enn <quote>Alle</quote>- eller "
-"<quote>Ingen</quote>-ytterkantene.  Innhold merket med CC-merket betyr "
-"ikke at en har sagt fra seg opphavsretten, men derimot at enkelte "
-"friheter er gitt bort."
+"<emphasis>Enkelt</emphasis>&mdash;som betyr uten en mellommann eller uten en "
+"advokat.  Ved å utvikle et fritt sett med lisenser som folk kan knytte til "
+"sitt innhold, sikter Creative Commons å merke en rekke innhold som enkelt og "
+"pålitelig kan bygges på.  Disse merkene er så lenket til maskinlesbare "
+"versjoner av lisensen som gjør det mulig for datamaskiner å automatisk "
+"identifisere innhold som enkelt kan deles. Denne samlingen av tre "
+"uttrykk&mdash;en juridisk lisens, en menneske-lesbar beskrivelse og et "
+"maskinlesbart merke&mdash;utgjør en Creative Commons-lisens.  En Creative "
+"Commons-lisens utgjør en tildeling av frihet til enhver som har tilgang til "
+"lisensen.  Og viktigere, et uttrykk for at personen som bruker lisensen tror "
+"på noe annet enn <quote>Alle</quote>- eller <quote>Ingen</quote>-"
+"ytterkantene.  Innhold merket med CC-merket betyr ikke at en har sagt fra "
+"seg opphavsretten, men derimot at enkelte friheter er gitt bort."
 
 #. type: Content of: <book><chapter><section><section><para>
 msgid ""
@@ -25552,15 +25590,14 @@ msgid ""
 "sampling use, so long as full copies are not made. Or lastly, any "
 "educational use."
 msgstr ""
-"Disse frihetene går ut over friheten som loves av rimelig bruk. "
-"Frihetenes presise omriss er avhenging av valgene som skaperen gjør. "
-"Skaperen kan velge en lisens som tillater enhver bruk, så lenge "
-"opphavspersonen navngis.  Hun kan velge en lisens som kun tillater "
-"ikke-kommersiell bruk.  Hun kan velge en lisens som tillater enhver "
-"bruk så lenge de samme friheter gis videre til andre brukere "
-"(<quote>del på like vilkår</quote>).  Eller enhver bruk så lenge ingen "
-"bearbeidelse blir gjort.  Eller enhver bruk i utviklingsland.  Eller "
-"enhver bruk som <quote>smakebit</quote>, så lenge det ikke lages "
+"Disse frihetene går ut over friheten som loves av rimelig bruk. Frihetenes "
+"presise omriss er avhenging av valgene som skaperen gjør. Skaperen kan velge "
+"en lisens som tillater enhver bruk, så lenge opphavspersonen navngis.  Hun "
+"kan velge en lisens som kun tillater ikke-kommersiell bruk.  Hun kan velge "
+"en lisens som tillater enhver bruk så lenge de samme friheter gis videre til "
+"andre brukere (<quote>del på like vilkår</quote>).  Eller enhver bruk så "
+"lenge ingen bearbeidelse blir gjort.  Eller enhver bruk i utviklingsland.  "
+"Eller enhver bruk som <quote>smakebit</quote>, så lenge det ikke lages "
 "komplette kopier.  Og til slutt, enhver bruk til opplæring."
 
 #. type: Content of: <book><chapter><section><section><para>
@@ -25575,14 +25612,14 @@ msgid ""
 "will in turn enable us to rebuild a public domain."
 msgstr ""
 "Disse valgene etablerer dermed en rekke friheter som går ut over "
-"utgangspunktet i åndsverksloven.  De muliggjør også friheter som går "
-"ut over tradisjonell rimelig bruk.  Og det viktigste er at de "
-"uttrykker disse frihetene på en måte som de påfølgende brukerne kan "
-"bruke og basere seg på uten å hyre inn en advokat.  Creative Commons "
-"sikter dermed mot å bygge et lag av innhold, styrt av et lag av "
-"fornuftig åndsverkslov, som andre kan bygge på.  Frivillig valg fra "
-"individer og skapere vil gjøre dette innholdet tilgjengelig.  Og dette "
-"innholdet vi så gjøre det mulig for oss å gjenopprette allemannseiet."
+"utgangspunktet i åndsverksloven.  De muliggjør også friheter som går ut over "
+"tradisjonell rimelig bruk.  Og det viktigste er at de uttrykker disse "
+"frihetene på en måte som de påfølgende brukerne kan bruke og basere seg på "
+"uten å hyre inn en advokat.  Creative Commons sikter dermed mot å bygge et "
+"lag av innhold, styrt av et lag av fornuftig åndsverkslov, som andre kan "
+"bygge på.  Frivillig valg fra individer og skapere vil gjøre dette innholdet "
+"tilgjengelig.  Og dette innholdet vi så gjøre det mulig for oss å "
+"gjenopprette allemannseiet."
 
 #. type: Content of: <book><chapter><section><section><indexterm><primary>
 msgid "Garlick, Mia"

diff --git a/freeculture.pot b/freeculture.pot
index 378cade6a79fa0ccba3f677cf0882d356e901cbd..c824af5755dc8efa94d87307b3a9a72e1cab6671 100644 (file)
--- a/freeculture.pot
+++ b/freeculture.pot
@@ -7,7 +7,7 @@
 msgid ""
 msgstr ""
 "Project-Id-Version: PACKAGE VERSION\n"
-"POT-Creation-Date: 2012-09-03 15:27+0300\n"
+"POT-Creation-Date: 2012-09-03 22:46+0300\n"
 "PO-Revision-Date: YEAR-MO-DA HO:MI+ZONE\n"
 "Last-Translator: FULL NAME <EMAIL@ADDRESS>\n"
 "Language-Team: LANGUAGE <LL@li.org>\n"
@@ -476,12 +476,12 @@ msgid "power, concentration of"
 msgstr ""
 
 #. type: Content of: <book><chapter><indexterm><primary>
-#: freeculture.xml:399 freeculture.xml:13416
+#: freeculture.xml:399 freeculture.xml:13445
 msgid "CodePink Women in Peace"
 msgstr ""
 
 #. type: Content of: <book><chapter><indexterm><primary>
-#: freeculture.xml:400 freeculture.xml:421 freeculture.xml:13417
+#: freeculture.xml:400 freeculture.xml:421 freeculture.xml:13446
 msgid "Safire, William"
 msgstr ""
 
@@ -603,17 +603,17 @@ msgid "air traffic, land ownership vs."
 msgstr ""
 
 #. type: Content of: <book><chapter><section><section><indexterm><primary>
-#: freeculture.xml:490 freeculture.xml:14421
+#: freeculture.xml:490 freeculture.xml:14450
 msgid "land ownership, air traffic and"
 msgstr ""
 
 #. type: Content of: <book><chapter><section><section><indexterm><primary>
-#: freeculture.xml:491 freeculture.xml:4677 freeculture.xml:14422
+#: freeculture.xml:491 freeculture.xml:4677 freeculture.xml:13348 freeculture.xml:14451
 msgid "property rights"
 msgstr ""
 
 #. type: Content of: <book><chapter><section><section><indexterm><secondary>
-#: freeculture.xml:491 freeculture.xml:14422
+#: freeculture.xml:491 freeculture.xml:14451
 msgid "air traffic vs."
 msgstr ""
 
@@ -650,12 +650,12 @@ msgid ""
 msgstr ""
 
 #. type: Content of: <book><chapter><indexterm><primary>
-#: freeculture.xml:515 freeculture.xml:528 freeculture.xml:561 freeculture.xml:581 freeculture.xml:1017 freeculture.xml:1035 freeculture.xml:1083 freeculture.xml:9294 freeculture.xml:12766 freeculture.xml:13520
+#: freeculture.xml:515 freeculture.xml:528 freeculture.xml:561 freeculture.xml:581 freeculture.xml:1017 freeculture.xml:1035 freeculture.xml:1083 freeculture.xml:9294 freeculture.xml:12766 freeculture.xml:13549
 msgid "Causby, Thomas Lee"
 msgstr ""
 
 #. type: Content of: <book><chapter><indexterm><primary>
-#: freeculture.xml:516 freeculture.xml:529 freeculture.xml:562 freeculture.xml:582 freeculture.xml:1018 freeculture.xml:1036 freeculture.xml:1084 freeculture.xml:9295 freeculture.xml:12767 freeculture.xml:13521
+#: freeculture.xml:516 freeculture.xml:529 freeculture.xml:562 freeculture.xml:582 freeculture.xml:1018 freeculture.xml:1036 freeculture.xml:1084 freeculture.xml:9295 freeculture.xml:12767 freeculture.xml:13550
 msgid "Causby, Tinie"
 msgstr ""
 
@@ -679,7 +679,7 @@ msgid "Douglas, William O."
 msgstr ""
 
 #. type: Content of: <book><chapter><section><section><indexterm><primary>
-#: freeculture.xml:531 freeculture.xml:4566 freeculture.xml:13812
+#: freeculture.xml:531 freeculture.xml:4566 freeculture.xml:13841
 msgid "Supreme Court, U.S."
 msgstr ""
 
@@ -1045,12 +1045,12 @@ msgid ""
 msgstr ""
 
 #. type: Content of: <book><chapter><indexterm><primary>
-#: freeculture.xml:785 freeculture.xml:1156 freeculture.xml:2395 freeculture.xml:2407 freeculture.xml:2491 freeculture.xml:2525 freeculture.xml:2551 freeculture.xml:2801 freeculture.xml:7339 freeculture.xml:13068
+#: freeculture.xml:785 freeculture.xml:1156 freeculture.xml:2395 freeculture.xml:2407 freeculture.xml:2491 freeculture.xml:2525 freeculture.xml:2551 freeculture.xml:2801 freeculture.xml:7339 freeculture.xml:13082
 msgid "Internet"
 msgstr ""
 
 #. type: Content of: <book><chapter><indexterm><secondary>
-#: freeculture.xml:785 freeculture.xml:13068
+#: freeculture.xml:785 freeculture.xml:13082
 msgid "development of"
 msgstr ""
 
@@ -1369,7 +1369,7 @@ msgid "First Amendment"
 msgstr ""
 
 #. type: Content of: <book><chapter><section><section><para><footnote><para><indexterm><primary>
-#: freeculture.xml:971 freeculture.xml:981 freeculture.xml:14820
+#: freeculture.xml:971 freeculture.xml:981 freeculture.xml:14849
 msgid "Netanel, Neil Weinstock"
 msgstr ""
 
@@ -1431,7 +1431,7 @@ msgid ""
 msgstr ""
 
 #. type: Content of: <book><chapter><indexterm><primary>
-#: freeculture.xml:1019 freeculture.xml:13067
+#: freeculture.xml:1019 freeculture.xml:12998 freeculture.xml:13081 freeculture.xml:13249
 msgid "intellectual property rights"
 msgstr ""
 
@@ -2043,7 +2043,7 @@ msgid "piracy vs."
 msgstr ""
 
 #. type: Content of: <book><chapter><section><section><indexterm><primary>
-#: freeculture.xml:1396 freeculture.xml:1555 freeculture.xml:3054 freeculture.xml:3737 freeculture.xml:7342 freeculture.xml:14886
+#: freeculture.xml:1396 freeculture.xml:1555 freeculture.xml:3054 freeculture.xml:3737 freeculture.xml:7342 freeculture.xml:14915
 msgid "piracy"
 msgstr ""
 
@@ -2183,7 +2183,7 @@ msgid "duration of"
 msgstr ""
 
 #. type: Content of: <book><chapter><section><section><indexterm><primary>
-#: freeculture.xml:1491 freeculture.xml:1492 freeculture.xml:7822 freeculture.xml:13072 freeculture.xml:13829 freeculture.xml:13830
+#: freeculture.xml:1491 freeculture.xml:1492 freeculture.xml:7822 freeculture.xml:13086 freeculture.xml:13858 freeculture.xml:13859
 msgid "public domain"
 msgstr ""
 
@@ -3061,7 +3061,7 @@ msgid "commercials"
 msgstr ""
 
 #. type: Content of: <book><chapter><section><section><indexterm><primary>
-#: freeculture.xml:2127 freeculture.xml:14884
+#: freeculture.xml:2127 freeculture.xml:14913
 msgid "television"
 msgstr ""
 
@@ -4093,7 +4093,7 @@ msgid ""
 msgstr ""
 
 #. type: Content of: <book><chapter><indexterm><primary>
-#: freeculture.xml:2840 freeculture.xml:3741 freeculture.xml:3743 freeculture.xml:3744 freeculture.xml:5438 freeculture.xml:7952 freeculture.xml:13232
+#: freeculture.xml:2840 freeculture.xml:3741 freeculture.xml:3743 freeculture.xml:3744 freeculture.xml:5438 freeculture.xml:7952 freeculture.xml:13183 freeculture.xml:13252
 msgid "Microsoft"
 msgstr ""
 
@@ -4358,12 +4358,12 @@ msgid ""
 msgstr ""
 
 #. type: Content of: <book><chapter><section><section><indexterm><primary>
-#: freeculture.xml:2997 freeculture.xml:3366 freeculture.xml:4302 freeculture.xml:5447 freeculture.xml:5496 freeculture.xml:9913 freeculture.xml:10011 freeculture.xml:10180 freeculture.xml:14785 freeculture.xml:14850
+#: freeculture.xml:2997 freeculture.xml:3366 freeculture.xml:4302 freeculture.xml:5447 freeculture.xml:5496 freeculture.xml:9913 freeculture.xml:10011 freeculture.xml:10180 freeculture.xml:14814 freeculture.xml:14879
 msgid "artists"
 msgstr ""
 
 #. type: Content of: <book><chapter><section><section><indexterm><secondary>
-#: freeculture.xml:2997 freeculture.xml:3366 freeculture.xml:4302 freeculture.xml:9913 freeculture.xml:10011 freeculture.xml:10180 freeculture.xml:14785 freeculture.xml:14850
+#: freeculture.xml:2997 freeculture.xml:3366 freeculture.xml:4302 freeculture.xml:9913 freeculture.xml:10011 freeculture.xml:10180 freeculture.xml:14814 freeculture.xml:14879
 msgid "recording industry payments to"
 msgstr ""
 
@@ -4805,7 +4805,7 @@ msgid ""
 msgstr ""
 
 #. type: Content of: <book><chapter><section><section><para><indexterm><primary>
-#: freeculture.xml:3296 freeculture.xml:14481
+#: freeculture.xml:3296 freeculture.xml:14510
 msgid "Grisham, John"
 msgstr ""
 
@@ -5007,7 +5007,7 @@ msgid "Cable TV"
 msgstr ""
 
 #. type: Content of: <book><chapter><section><section><indexterm><primary>
-#: freeculture.xml:3443 freeculture.xml:4326 freeculture.xml:8313 freeculture.xml:8352 freeculture.xml:14883
+#: freeculture.xml:3443 freeculture.xml:4326 freeculture.xml:8313 freeculture.xml:8352 freeculture.xml:14912
 msgid "cable television"
 msgstr ""
 
@@ -5251,12 +5251,12 @@ msgid "Piracy I"
 msgstr ""
 
 #. type: Content of: <book><chapter><section><section><indexterm><primary>
-#: freeculture.xml:3606 freeculture.xml:3686 freeculture.xml:3736 freeculture.xml:14885
+#: freeculture.xml:3606 freeculture.xml:3686 freeculture.xml:3736 freeculture.xml:14914
 msgid "Asia, commercial piracy in"
 msgstr ""
 
 #. type: Content of: <book><chapter><section><section><indexterm><primary>
-#: freeculture.xml:3607 freeculture.xml:4054 freeculture.xml:9582 freeculture.xml:10389 freeculture.xml:14276 freeculture.xml:14867
+#: freeculture.xml:3607 freeculture.xml:4054 freeculture.xml:9582 freeculture.xml:10389 freeculture.xml:14305 freeculture.xml:14896
 msgid "CDs"
 msgstr ""
 
@@ -5338,7 +5338,7 @@ msgid "agricultural patents"
 msgstr ""
 
 #. type: Content of: <book><chapter><para><footnote><para><indexterm><primary>
-#: freeculture.xml:3680 freeculture.xml:12867 freeculture.xml:13336 freeculture.xml:13343
+#: freeculture.xml:3680 freeculture.xml:12872 freeculture.xml:13361 freeculture.xml:13368
 msgid "Drahos, Peter"
 msgstr ""
 
@@ -5375,7 +5375,7 @@ msgid ""
 msgstr ""
 
 #. type: Content of: <book><chapter><section><section><para><footnote><para><indexterm><primary>
-#: freeculture.xml:3701 freeculture.xml:3975 freeculture.xml:15033
+#: freeculture.xml:3701 freeculture.xml:3975 freeculture.xml:15062
 msgid "Liebowitz, Stan"
 msgstr ""
 
@@ -5438,22 +5438,22 @@ msgid ""
 msgstr ""
 
 #. type: Content of: <book><chapter><section><section><indexterm><secondary>
-#: freeculture.xml:3737 freeculture.xml:14886
+#: freeculture.xml:3737 freeculture.xml:14915
 msgid "in Asia"
 msgstr ""
 
-#. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><section><indexterm><primary>
-#: freeculture.xml:3738
+#. type: Content of: <book><chapter><indexterm><primary>
+#: freeculture.xml:3738 freeculture.xml:13181
 msgid "free software/open-source software (FS/OSS)"
 msgstr ""
 
 #. type: Content of: <book><chapter><section><section><para><indexterm><primary>
-#: freeculture.xml:3739 freeculture.xml:3769 freeculture.xml:11664 freeculture.xml:13179 freeculture.xml:13780
+#: freeculture.xml:3739 freeculture.xml:3769 freeculture.xml:11664 freeculture.xml:13196 freeculture.xml:13809
 msgid "GNU/Linux operating system"
 msgstr ""
 
 #. type: Content of: <book><chapter><section><section><para><indexterm><primary>
-#: freeculture.xml:3740 freeculture.xml:3770 freeculture.xml:11666 freeculture.xml:13180 freeculture.xml:13781
+#: freeculture.xml:3740 freeculture.xml:3770 freeculture.xml:11666 freeculture.xml:13197 freeculture.xml:13810
 msgid "Linux operating system"
 msgstr ""
 
@@ -5494,12 +5494,12 @@ msgid ""
 msgstr ""
 
 #. type: Content of: <book><chapter><section><section><indexterm><primary>
-#: freeculture.xml:3758 freeculture.xml:13810
+#: freeculture.xml:3758 freeculture.xml:13839
 msgid "law"
 msgstr ""
 
 #. type: Content of: <book><chapter><section><section><indexterm><secondary>
-#: freeculture.xml:3758 freeculture.xml:13810
+#: freeculture.xml:3758 freeculture.xml:13839
 msgid "databases of case reports in"
 msgstr ""
 
@@ -5830,12 +5830,12 @@ msgid ""
 msgstr ""
 
 #. type: Content of: <book><chapter><section><section><indexterm><primary>
-#: freeculture.xml:3992 freeculture.xml:4001 freeculture.xml:4358 freeculture.xml:8112 freeculture.xml:8141 freeculture.xml:9843 freeculture.xml:14593
+#: freeculture.xml:3992 freeculture.xml:4001 freeculture.xml:4358 freeculture.xml:8112 freeculture.xml:8141 freeculture.xml:9843 freeculture.xml:14622
 msgid "cassette recording"
 msgstr ""
 
 #. type: Content of: <book><chapter><section><section><indexterm><primary>
-#: freeculture.xml:3992 freeculture.xml:4358 freeculture.xml:8112 freeculture.xml:8141 freeculture.xml:9843 freeculture.xml:9844 freeculture.xml:14593 freeculture.xml:14594
+#: freeculture.xml:3992 freeculture.xml:4358 freeculture.xml:8112 freeculture.xml:8141 freeculture.xml:9843 freeculture.xml:9844 freeculture.xml:14622 freeculture.xml:14623
 msgid "VCRs"
 msgstr ""
 
@@ -6050,12 +6050,12 @@ msgid ""
 msgstr ""
 
 #. type: Content of: <book><chapter><section><section><indexterm><primary>
-#: freeculture.xml:4156 freeculture.xml:4164 freeculture.xml:4186 freeculture.xml:4208 freeculture.xml:4716 freeculture.xml:6057 freeculture.xml:6062 freeculture.xml:6114 freeculture.xml:6994 freeculture.xml:6995 freeculture.xml:7337 freeculture.xml:7406 freeculture.xml:7440 freeculture.xml:7656 freeculture.xml:13979 freeculture.xml:14705 freeculture.xml:14706
+#: freeculture.xml:4156 freeculture.xml:4164 freeculture.xml:4186 freeculture.xml:4208 freeculture.xml:4716 freeculture.xml:6057 freeculture.xml:6062 freeculture.xml:6114 freeculture.xml:6994 freeculture.xml:6995 freeculture.xml:7337 freeculture.xml:7406 freeculture.xml:7440 freeculture.xml:7656 freeculture.xml:14008 freeculture.xml:14734 freeculture.xml:14735
 msgid "books"
 msgstr ""
 
 #. type: Content of: <book><chapter><section><section><indexterm><secondary>
-#: freeculture.xml:4156 freeculture.xml:4164 freeculture.xml:6995 freeculture.xml:14706
+#: freeculture.xml:4156 freeculture.xml:4164 freeculture.xml:6995 freeculture.xml:14735
 msgid "resales of"
 msgstr ""
 
@@ -6094,7 +6094,7 @@ msgid "Bernstein, Leonard"
 msgstr ""
 
 #. type: Content of: <book><chapter><section><section><indexterm><secondary>
-#: freeculture.xml:4186 freeculture.xml:6057 freeculture.xml:6062 freeculture.xml:6994 freeculture.xml:14705
+#: freeculture.xml:4186 freeculture.xml:6057 freeculture.xml:6062 freeculture.xml:6994 freeculture.xml:14734
 msgid "out of print"
 msgstr ""
 
@@ -6126,7 +6126,7 @@ msgid ""
 msgstr ""
 
 #. type: Content of: <book><chapter><section><section><indexterm><secondary>
-#: freeculture.xml:4208 freeculture.xml:13979
+#: freeculture.xml:4208 freeculture.xml:14008
 msgid "free on-line releases of"
 msgstr ""
 
@@ -6744,7 +6744,7 @@ msgid ""
 msgstr ""
 
 #. type: Content of: <book><chapter><section><section><indexterm><primary>
-#: freeculture.xml:4657 freeculture.xml:6348 freeculture.xml:13966
+#: freeculture.xml:4657 freeculture.xml:6348 freeculture.xml:13995
 msgid "Jefferson, Thomas"
 msgstr ""
 
@@ -7278,7 +7278,7 @@ msgid "Erskine, Andrew"
 msgstr ""
 
 #. type: Content of: <book><chapter><indexterm><primary>
-#: freeculture.xml:5032 freeculture.xml:15129
+#: freeculture.xml:5032 freeculture.xml:15158
 msgid "Rose, Mark"
 msgstr ""
 
@@ -7873,7 +7873,7 @@ msgid "Allen, Paul"
 msgstr ""
 
 #. type: Content of: <book><chapter><section><section><indexterm><primary>
-#: freeculture.xml:5437 freeculture.xml:5497 freeculture.xml:5682 freeculture.xml:10158 freeculture.xml:14496
+#: freeculture.xml:5437 freeculture.xml:5497 freeculture.xml:5682 freeculture.xml:10158 freeculture.xml:14525
 msgid "Alben, Alex"
 msgstr ""
 
@@ -8525,7 +8525,7 @@ msgid "Vanderbilt University"
 msgstr ""
 
 #. type: Content of: <book><chapter><section><section><indexterm><primary>
-#: freeculture.xml:5901 freeculture.xml:13811
+#: freeculture.xml:5901 freeculture.xml:13840
 msgid "libraries"
 msgstr ""
 
@@ -9589,12 +9589,12 @@ msgid ""
 msgstr ""
 
 #. type: Content of: <book><chapter><section><section><indexterm><primary>
-#: freeculture.xml:6691 freeculture.xml:15072
+#: freeculture.xml:6691 freeculture.xml:15101
 msgid "Brezhnev, Leonid"
 msgstr ""
 
 #. type: Content of: <book><chapter><indexterm><primary>
-#: freeculture.xml:6692 freeculture.xml:13297
+#: freeculture.xml:6692 freeculture.xml:13320
 msgid "Gates, Bill"
 msgstr ""
 
@@ -10723,7 +10723,7 @@ msgid ""
 msgstr ""
 
 #. type: Content of: <book><chapter><section><section><indexterm><primary>
-#: freeculture.xml:7518 freeculture.xml:7578 freeculture.xml:13648
+#: freeculture.xml:7518 freeculture.xml:7578 freeculture.xml:13677
 msgid "browsing"
 msgstr ""
 
@@ -11051,8 +11051,8 @@ msgstr ""
 msgid "Future of Ideas, The (Lessig)"
 msgstr ""
 
-#. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><section><indexterm><primary>
-#: freeculture.xml:7739
+#. type: Content of: <book><chapter><indexterm><primary>
+#: freeculture.xml:7739 freeculture.xml:13135
 msgid "Lessig, Lawrence"
 msgstr ""
 
@@ -14218,7 +14218,7 @@ msgid ""
 msgstr ""
 
 #. type: Content of: <book><chapter><section><section><indexterm><primary>
-#: freeculture.xml:10157 freeculture.xml:14866
+#: freeculture.xml:10157 freeculture.xml:14895
 msgid "Real Networks"
 msgstr ""
 
@@ -16272,7 +16272,7 @@ msgid "Public Citizen"
 msgstr ""
 
 #. type: Content of: <book><chapter><indexterm><primary>
-#: freeculture.xml:11716 freeculture.xml:11943 freeculture.xml:13078
+#: freeculture.xml:11716 freeculture.xml:11943 freeculture.xml:13092
 msgid "Reagan, Ronald"
 msgstr ""
 
@@ -17660,7 +17660,7 @@ msgstr ""
 
 #. type: Content of: <book><chapter><indexterm><primary>
 #: freeculture.xml:12790
-msgid "HIV/AIDS therapies"
+msgid "AIDS medications"
 msgstr ""
 
 #. type: Content of: <book><chapter><indexterm><primary>
@@ -17668,8 +17668,28 @@ msgstr ""
 msgid "antiretroviral drugs"
 msgstr ""
 
+#. type: Content of: <book><chapter><indexterm><primary>
+#: freeculture.xml:12792
+msgid "developing countries, foreign patent costs in"
+msgstr ""
+
+#. type: Content of: <book><chapter><indexterm><primary>
+#: freeculture.xml:12793 freeculture.xml:13304
+msgid "drugs"
+msgstr ""
+
+#. type: Content of: <book><chapter><indexterm><secondary>
+#: freeculture.xml:12793 freeculture.xml:13304
+msgid "pharmaceutical"
+msgstr ""
+
+#. type: Content of: <book><chapter><indexterm><primary>
+#: freeculture.xml:12794
+msgid "HIV/AIDS therapies"
+msgstr ""
+
 #. type: Content of: <book><chapter><para>
-#: freeculture.xml:12793
+#: freeculture.xml:12796
 msgid ""
 "<emphasis role='strong'>There are more</emphasis> than 35 million people "
 "with the AIDS virus worldwide. Twenty-five million of them live in "
@@ -17679,7 +17699,7 @@ msgid ""
 msgstr ""
 
 #. type: Content of: <book><chapter><para>
-#: freeculture.xml:12800
+#: freeculture.xml:12803
 msgid ""
 "There is no cure for AIDS, but there are drugs to slow its progression.  "
 "These antiretroviral therapies are still experimental, but they have already "
@@ -17690,7 +17710,7 @@ msgstr ""
 
 #.  f1. 
 #. type: Content of: <book><chapter><para><footnote><para>
-#: freeculture.xml:12815
+#: freeculture.xml:12818
 msgid ""
 "Commission on Intellectual Property Rights, <quote>Final Report: Integrating "
 "Intellectual Property Rights and Development Policy</quote> (London, 2002), "
@@ -17701,7 +17721,7 @@ msgid ""
 msgstr ""
 
 #. type: Content of: <book><chapter><para>
-#: freeculture.xml:12808
+#: freeculture.xml:12811
 msgid ""
 "These drugs are expensive. When they were first introduced in the United "
 "States, they cost between $10,000 and $15,000 per person per year. Today, "
@@ -17712,9 +17732,24 @@ msgid ""
 "id=\"0\"/>"
 msgstr ""
 
+#. type: Content of: <book><chapter><indexterm><primary>
+#: freeculture.xml:12827 freeculture.xml:13306
+msgid "patents"
+msgstr ""
+
+#. type: Content of: <book><chapter><indexterm><secondary>
+#: freeculture.xml:12827 freeculture.xml:13306
+msgid "on pharmaceuticals"
+msgstr ""
+
+#. type: Content of: <book><chapter><indexterm><primary>
+#: freeculture.xml:12828
+msgid "pharmaceutical patents"
+msgstr ""
+
 #.  PAGE BREAK 265 
 #. type: Content of: <book><chapter><para>
-#: freeculture.xml:12826
+#: freeculture.xml:12831
 msgid ""
 "These prices are not high because the ingredients of the drugs are "
 "expensive. These prices are high because the drugs are protected by "
@@ -17725,7 +17760,7 @@ msgid ""
 msgstr ""
 
 #. type: Content of: <book><chapter><para>
-#: freeculture.xml:12834
+#: freeculture.xml:12839
 msgid ""
 "There are many who are skeptical of patents, especially drug patents. I am "
 "not. Indeed, of all the areas of research that might be supported by "
@@ -17738,7 +17773,7 @@ msgid ""
 msgstr ""
 
 #. type: Content of: <book><chapter><para>
-#: freeculture.xml:12845
+#: freeculture.xml:12850
 msgid ""
 "But it is one thing to support patents, even drug patents. It is another "
 "thing to determine how best to deal with a crisis. And as African leaders "
@@ -17748,27 +17783,27 @@ msgid ""
 msgstr ""
 
 #. type: Content of: <book><chapter><indexterm><primary>
-#: freeculture.xml:12851
+#: freeculture.xml:12856
 msgid "international law"
 msgstr ""
 
 #. type: Content of: <book><chapter><indexterm><primary>
-#: freeculture.xml:12852
+#: freeculture.xml:12857
 msgid "parallel importation"
 msgstr ""
 
 #. type: Content of: <book><chapter><indexterm><primary>
-#: freeculture.xml:12853
+#: freeculture.xml:12858
 msgid "South Africa, Republic of, pharmaceutical imports by"
 msgstr ""
 
 #. type: Content of: <book><chapter><indexterm><primary>
-#: freeculture.xml:12866 freeculture.xml:13337
+#: freeculture.xml:12871 freeculture.xml:13362
 msgid "Braithwaite, John"
 msgstr ""
 
 #. type: Content of: <book><chapter><para><footnote><para>
-#: freeculture.xml:12864
+#: freeculture.xml:12869
 msgid ""
 "See Peter Drahos with John Braithwaite, <citetitle>Information Feudalism: "
 "Who Owns the Knowledge Economy?</citetitle> (New York: The New Press, 2003), "
@@ -17777,7 +17812,7 @@ msgid ""
 msgstr ""
 
 #. type: Content of: <book><chapter><para>
-#: freeculture.xml:12855
+#: freeculture.xml:12860
 msgid ""
 "In 1997, South Africa tried one tack. It passed a law to allow the "
 "importation of patented medicines that had been produced or sold in another "
@@ -17789,13 +17824,13 @@ msgid ""
 msgstr ""
 
 #. type: Content of: <book><chapter><indexterm><primary>
-#: freeculture.xml:12870
+#: freeculture.xml:12875
 msgid "United States Trade Representative (USTR)"
 msgstr ""
 
 #.  f3. 
 #. type: Content of: <book><chapter><para><footnote><para>
-#: freeculture.xml:12878
+#: freeculture.xml:12883
 msgid ""
 "International Intellectual Property Institute (IIPI), <citetitle>Patent "
 "Protection and Access to HIV/AIDS Pharmaceuticals in Sub-Saharan Africa, a "
@@ -17810,7 +17845,7 @@ msgstr ""
 
 #.  f4. 
 #. type: Content of: <book><chapter><para><footnote><para>
-#: freeculture.xml:12905
+#: freeculture.xml:12910
 msgid ""
 "International Intellectual Property Institute (IIPI), <citetitle>Patent "
 "Protection and Access to HIV/AIDS Pharmaceuticals in Sub-Saharan Africa, a "
@@ -17819,7 +17854,7 @@ msgid ""
 msgstr ""
 
 #. type: Content of: <book><chapter><para>
-#: freeculture.xml:12872
+#: freeculture.xml:12877
 msgid ""
 "However, the United States government opposed the bill. Indeed, more than "
 "opposed. As the International Intellectual Property Association "
@@ -17842,7 +17877,7 @@ msgid ""
 msgstr ""
 
 #. type: Content of: <book><chapter><para>
-#: freeculture.xml:12912
+#: freeculture.xml:12917
 msgid ""
 "We should place the intervention by the United States in context.  No doubt "
 "patents are not the most important reason that Africans don't have access to "
@@ -17854,7 +17889,7 @@ msgid ""
 msgstr ""
 
 #. type: Content of: <book><chapter><para>
-#: freeculture.xml:12922
+#: freeculture.xml:12927
 msgid ""
 "By stopping the flow of HIV treatment into Africa, the United States "
 "government was not saving drugs for United States citizens.  This is not "
@@ -17865,7 +17900,7 @@ msgid ""
 msgstr ""
 
 #. type: Content of: <book><chapter><para>
-#: freeculture.xml:12930
+#: freeculture.xml:12935
 msgid ""
 "Nor was the intervention by the United States going to protect the profits "
 "of United States drug companies&mdash;at least, not substantially. It was "
@@ -17879,7 +17914,7 @@ msgstr ""
 #.  f5. 
 #.  PAGE BREAK 333 
 #. type: Content of: <book><chapter><para><footnote><para>
-#: freeculture.xml:12945
+#: freeculture.xml:12950
 msgid ""
 "See Sabin Russell, <quote>New Crusade to Lower AIDS Drug Costs: Africa's "
 "Needs at Odds with Firms' Profit Motive,</quote> <citetitle>San Francisco "
@@ -17897,7 +17932,7 @@ msgid ""
 msgstr ""
 
 #. type: Content of: <book><chapter><para>
-#: freeculture.xml:12939
+#: freeculture.xml:12944
 msgid ""
 "Instead, the argument in favor of restricting this flow of information, "
 "which was needed to save the lives of millions, was an argument about the "
@@ -17909,7 +17944,7 @@ msgid ""
 msgstr ""
 
 #. type: Content of: <book><chapter><para>
-#: freeculture.xml:12967
+#: freeculture.xml:12972
 msgid ""
 "Now just step back for a moment. There will be a time thirty years from now "
 "when our children look back at us and ask, how could we have let this "
@@ -17921,8 +17956,18 @@ msgid ""
 "such an abstraction?"
 msgstr ""
 
+#. type: Content of: <book><chapter><indexterm><primary>
+#: freeculture.xml:12981
+msgid "corporations"
+msgstr ""
+
+#. type: Content of: <book><chapter><indexterm><secondary>
+#: freeculture.xml:12981
+msgid "in pharmaceutical industry"
+msgstr ""
+
 #. type: Content of: <book><chapter><para>
-#: freeculture.xml:12977
+#: freeculture.xml:12983
 msgid ""
 "Some blame the drug companies. I don't. They are corporations.  Their "
 "managers are ordered by law to make money for the corporation.  They push a "
@@ -17933,7 +17978,7 @@ msgid ""
 msgstr ""
 
 #. type: Content of: <book><chapter><para>
-#: freeculture.xml:12985
+#: freeculture.xml:12991
 msgid ""
 "The corruption is our own politicians' failure of integrity. For the drug "
 "companies would love&mdash;they say, and I believe them&mdash;to sell their "
@@ -17943,9 +17988,14 @@ msgid ""
 "could be overcome."
 msgstr ""
 
+#. type: Content of: <book><chapter><indexterm><secondary>
+#: freeculture.xml:12998
+msgid "of drug patents"
+msgstr ""
+
 #.  PAGE BREAK 268 
 #. type: Content of: <book><chapter><para>
-#: freeculture.xml:12993
+#: freeculture.xml:13000
 msgid ""
 "A different problem, however, could not be overcome. This is the fear of the "
 "grandstanding politician who would call the presidents of the drug companies "
@@ -17962,7 +18012,7 @@ msgid ""
 msgstr ""
 
 #. type: Content of: <book><chapter><para>
-#: freeculture.xml:13008
+#: freeculture.xml:13022
 msgid ""
 "So when the common sense of your child confronts you, what will you say? "
 "When the common sense of a generation finally revolts against what we have "
@@ -17970,7 +18020,7 @@ msgid ""
 msgstr ""
 
 #. type: Content of: <book><chapter><para>
-#: freeculture.xml:13014
+#: freeculture.xml:13028
 msgid ""
 "A sensible patent policy could endorse and strongly support the patent "
 "system without having to reach everyone everywhere in exactly the same "
@@ -17984,7 +18034,7 @@ msgid ""
 msgstr ""
 
 #. type: Content of: <book><chapter><para>
-#: freeculture.xml:13027
+#: freeculture.xml:13043
 msgid ""
 "But we as a culture have lost this sense of balance. We have lost the "
 "critical eye that helps us see the difference between truth and extremism.  "
@@ -17996,7 +18046,7 @@ msgstr ""
 
 #.  PAGE BREAK 269 
 #. type: Content of: <book><chapter><para>
-#: freeculture.xml:13038
+#: freeculture.xml:13052
 msgid ""
 "<emphasis role='strong'>A simple idea</emphasis> blinds us, and under the "
 "cover of darkness, much happens that most of us would reject if any of us "
@@ -18011,7 +18061,7 @@ msgid ""
 msgstr ""
 
 #. type: Content of: <book><chapter><para>
-#: freeculture.xml:13052
+#: freeculture.xml:13066
 msgid ""
 "So far, common sense sleeps. There is no revolt. Common sense does not yet "
 "see what there could be to revolt about. The extremism that now dominates "
@@ -18028,68 +18078,68 @@ msgid ""
 msgstr ""
 
 #. type: Content of: <book><chapter><section><section><indexterm><primary>
-#: freeculture.xml:13065 freeculture.xml:13802
+#: freeculture.xml:13079 freeculture.xml:13831
 msgid "academic journals"
 msgstr ""
 
 #. type: Content of: <book><chapter><indexterm><primary>
-#: freeculture.xml:13066 freeculture.xml:13079
+#: freeculture.xml:13080 freeculture.xml:13093
 msgid "biomedical research"
 msgstr ""
 
 #. type: Content of: <book><chapter><indexterm><secondary>
-#: freeculture.xml:13067
+#: freeculture.xml:13081 freeculture.xml:13249
 msgid "international organization on issues of"
 msgstr ""
 
 #. type: Content of: <book><chapter><section><section><para><indexterm><primary>
-#: freeculture.xml:13069 freeculture.xml:13181 freeculture.xml:13733
+#: freeculture.xml:13083 freeculture.xml:13198 freeculture.xml:13762
 msgid "IBM"
 msgstr ""
 
 #. type: Content of: <book><chapter><section><section><indexterm><primary>
-#: freeculture.xml:13070 freeculture.xml:13867
+#: freeculture.xml:13084 freeculture.xml:13896
 msgid "PLoS (Public Library of Science)"
 msgstr ""
 
 #. type: Content of: <book><chapter><section><section><indexterm><primary>
-#: freeculture.xml:13071 freeculture.xml:13868
+#: freeculture.xml:13085 freeculture.xml:13897
 msgid "Public Library of Science (PLoS)"
 msgstr ""
 
 #. type: Content of: <book><chapter><indexterm><secondary>
-#: freeculture.xml:13072
+#: freeculture.xml:13086
 msgid "public projects in"
 msgstr ""
 
 #. type: Content of: <book><chapter><indexterm><primary>
-#: freeculture.xml:13073
+#: freeculture.xml:13087
 msgid "single nucleotied polymorphisms (SNPs)"
 msgstr ""
 
 #. type: Content of: <book><chapter><indexterm><primary>
-#: freeculture.xml:13074
+#: freeculture.xml:13088
 msgid "Wellcome Trust"
 msgstr ""
 
 #. type: Content of: <book><chapter><indexterm><primary>
-#: freeculture.xml:13075
+#: freeculture.xml:13089 freeculture.xml:13250
 msgid "World Intellectual Property Organization (WIPO)"
 msgstr ""
 
 #. type: Content of: <book><chapter><indexterm><primary>
-#: freeculture.xml:13076
+#: freeculture.xml:13090
 msgid "World Wide Web"
 msgstr ""
 
 #. type: Content of: <book><chapter><indexterm><primary>
-#: freeculture.xml:13077
+#: freeculture.xml:13091
 msgid "Global Positioning System"
 msgstr ""
 
 #.  f6. 
 #. type: Content of: <book><chapter><para><footnote><para>
-#: freeculture.xml:13084
+#: freeculture.xml:13098
 msgid ""
 "Jonathan Krim, <quote>The Quiet War over Open-Source,</quote> "
 "<citetitle>Washington Post</citetitle>, August 2003, E1, available at <ulink "
@@ -18105,7 +18155,7 @@ msgstr ""
 
 #.  PAGE BREAK 270 
 #. type: Content of: <book><chapter><para>
-#: freeculture.xml:13081
+#: freeculture.xml:13095
 msgid ""
 "<emphasis role='strong'>In August 2003</emphasis>, a fight broke out in the "
 "United States about a decision by the World Intellectual Property "
@@ -18129,7 +18179,7 @@ msgid ""
 msgstr ""
 
 #. type: Content of: <book><chapter><para>
-#: freeculture.xml:13115
+#: freeculture.xml:13129
 msgid ""
 "The aim of the meeting was to consider this wide range of projects from one "
 "common perspective: that none of these projects relied upon intellectual "
@@ -18138,16 +18188,21 @@ msgid ""
 "way in which proprietary claims might be used."
 msgstr ""
 
+#. type: Content of: <book><chapter><indexterm><secondary>
+#: freeculture.xml:13135
+msgid "in international debate on intellectual property"
+msgstr ""
+
 #.  f7. 
 #. type: Content of: <book><chapter><para><footnote><para>
-#: freeculture.xml:13123
+#: freeculture.xml:13138
 msgid ""
 "I should disclose that I was one of the people who asked WIPO for the "
 "meeting."
 msgstr ""
 
 #. type: Content of: <book><chapter><para>
-#: freeculture.xml:13122
+#: freeculture.xml:13137
 msgid ""
 "From the perspective of this book, then, the conference was "
 "ideal.<placeholder type=\"footnote\" id=\"0\"/> The projects within its "
@@ -18158,13 +18213,13 @@ msgid ""
 msgstr ""
 
 #. type: Content of: <book><chapter><indexterm><primary>
-#: freeculture.xml:13132 freeculture.xml:13280
+#: freeculture.xml:13147 freeculture.xml:13303
 msgid "World Summit on the Information Society (WSIS)"
 msgstr ""
 
 #.  PAGE BREAK 271 
 #. type: Content of: <book><chapter><para>
-#: freeculture.xml:13134
+#: freeculture.xml:13149
 msgid ""
 "Indeed, I was once publicly scolded for not recognizing this fact about "
 "WIPO. In February 2003, I delivered a keynote address to a preparatory "
@@ -18188,7 +18243,7 @@ msgid ""
 msgstr ""
 
 #. type: Content of: <book><chapter><para>
-#: freeculture.xml:13158
+#: freeculture.xml:13173
 msgid ""
 "So whether or not WSIS can discuss balance in intellectual property, I had "
 "thought it was taken for granted that WIPO could and should. And thus the "
@@ -18197,12 +18252,17 @@ msgid ""
 msgstr ""
 
 #. type: Content of: <book><chapter><section><section><indexterm><primary>
-#: freeculture.xml:13166 freeculture.xml:14864
+#: freeculture.xml:13182 freeculture.xml:14893
 msgid "Apple Corporation"
 msgstr ""
 
+#. type: Content of: <book><chapter><indexterm><secondary>
+#: freeculture.xml:13183
+msgid "on free software"
+msgstr ""
+
 #. type: Content of: <book><chapter><para>
-#: freeculture.xml:13168
+#: freeculture.xml:13185
 msgid ""
 "But there is one project within that list that is highly controversial, at "
 "least among lobbyists. That project is <quote>open source and free "
@@ -18216,13 +18276,13 @@ msgid ""
 msgstr ""
 
 #. type: Content of: <book><chapter><indexterm><primary>
-#: freeculture.xml:13178
+#: freeculture.xml:13195
 msgid "<quote>copyleft</quote> licenses"
 msgstr ""
 
 #.  f8. 
 #. type: Content of: <book><chapter><para><footnote><para>
-#: freeculture.xml:13194
+#: freeculture.xml:13211
 msgid ""
 "Microsoft's position about free and open source software is more "
 "sophisticated.  As it has repeatedly asserted, it has no problem with "
@@ -18243,7 +18303,7 @@ msgid ""
 msgstr ""
 
 #. type: Content of: <book><chapter><para>
-#: freeculture.xml:13183
+#: freeculture.xml:13200
 msgid ""
 "I don't mean to enter that debate here. It is important only to make clear "
 "that the distinction is not between commercial and noncommercial "
@@ -18258,18 +18318,18 @@ msgid ""
 msgstr ""
 
 #. type: Content of: <book><chapter><indexterm><primary>
-#: freeculture.xml:13211
+#: freeculture.xml:13229
 msgid "General Public License (GPL)"
 msgstr ""
 
 #. type: Content of: <book><chapter><indexterm><primary>
-#: freeculture.xml:13212
+#: freeculture.xml:13230
 msgid "GPL (General Public License)"
 msgstr ""
 
 #.  PAGE BREAK 272 
 #. type: Content of: <book><chapter><para>
-#: freeculture.xml:13214
+#: freeculture.xml:13232
 msgid ""
 "More important for our purposes, to support <quote>open source and free "
 "software</quote> is not to oppose copyright. <quote>Open source and free "
@@ -18287,25 +18347,25 @@ msgid ""
 msgstr ""
 
 #. type: Content of: <book><chapter><indexterm><primary>
-#: freeculture.xml:13231
+#: freeculture.xml:13251
 msgid "Krim, Jonathan"
 msgstr ""
 
 #. type: Content of: <book><chapter><indexterm><secondary>
-#: freeculture.xml:13232
+#: freeculture.xml:13252
 msgid "WIPO meeting opposed by"
 msgstr ""
 
 #.  f9. 
 #. type: Content of: <book><chapter><para><footnote><para>
-#: freeculture.xml:13242
+#: freeculture.xml:13262
 msgid ""
 "Krim, <quote>The Quiet War over Open-Source,</quote> available at <ulink "
 "url=\"http://free-culture.cc/notes/\">link #64</ulink>."
 msgstr ""
 
 #. type: Content of: <book><chapter><para>
-#: freeculture.xml:13234
+#: freeculture.xml:13254
 msgid ""
 "It is therefore understandable that as a proprietary software developer, "
 "Microsoft would oppose this WIPO meeting, and understandable that it would "
@@ -18318,7 +18378,7 @@ msgid ""
 msgstr ""
 
 #. type: Content of: <book><chapter><para>
-#: freeculture.xml:13248
+#: freeculture.xml:13268
 msgid ""
 "I don't blame Microsoft for doing what it can to advance its own interests, "
 "consistent with the law. And lobbying governments is plainly consistent with "
@@ -18328,12 +18388,12 @@ msgid ""
 msgstr ""
 
 #. type: Content of: <book><chapter><indexterm><primary>
-#: freeculture.xml:13255 freeculture.xml:13311
+#: freeculture.xml:13276 freeculture.xml:13334
 msgid "Boland, Lois"
 msgstr ""
 
 #. type: Content of: <book><chapter><para>
-#: freeculture.xml:13257
+#: freeculture.xml:13278
 msgid ""
 "What was surprising was the United States government's reason for opposing "
 "the meeting. Again, as reported by Krim, Lois Boland, acting director of "
@@ -18345,12 +18405,12 @@ msgid ""
 msgstr ""
 
 #. type: Content of: <book><chapter><para>
-#: freeculture.xml:13267
+#: freeculture.xml:13289
 msgid "These statements are astonishing on a number of levels."
 msgstr ""
 
 #. type: Content of: <book><chapter><para>
-#: freeculture.xml:13271
+#: freeculture.xml:13294
 msgid ""
 "First, they are just flat wrong. As I described, most open source and free "
 "software relies fundamentally upon the intellectual property right called "
@@ -18363,32 +18423,12 @@ msgid ""
 msgstr ""
 
 #. type: Content of: <book><chapter><indexterm><primary>
-#: freeculture.xml:13281
-msgid "drugs"
-msgstr ""
-
-#. type: Content of: <book><chapter><indexterm><secondary>
-#: freeculture.xml:13281
-msgid "pharmaceutical"
-msgstr ""
-
-#. type: Content of: <book><chapter><indexterm><primary>
-#: freeculture.xml:13282
+#: freeculture.xml:13305
 msgid "generic drugs"
 msgstr ""
 
-#. type: Content of: <book><chapter><indexterm><primary>
-#: freeculture.xml:13283
-msgid "patents"
-msgstr ""
-
-#. type: Content of: <book><chapter><indexterm><secondary>
-#: freeculture.xml:13283
-msgid "on pharmaceuticals"
-msgstr ""
-
 #. type: Content of: <book><chapter><para>
-#: freeculture.xml:13285
+#: freeculture.xml:13308
 msgid ""
 "Second, who ever said that WIPO's exclusive aim was to "
 "<quote>promote</quote> intellectual property maximally? As I had been "
@@ -18404,7 +18444,7 @@ msgid ""
 msgstr ""
 
 #. type: Content of: <book><chapter><para>
-#: freeculture.xml:13299
+#: freeculture.xml:13322
 msgid ""
 "Third, even if one believed that the purpose of WIPO was to maximize "
 "intellectual property rights, in our tradition, intellectual property rights "
@@ -18420,7 +18460,7 @@ msgstr ""
 
 #.  PAGE BREAK 274 
 #. type: Content of: <book><chapter><para>
-#: freeculture.xml:13313
+#: freeculture.xml:13336
 msgid ""
 "When Ms. Boland says that there is something wrong with a meeting "
 "<quote>which has as its purpose to disclaim or waive such rights,</quote> "
@@ -18433,8 +18473,18 @@ msgid ""
 "possible."
 msgstr ""
 
+#. type: Content of: <book><chapter><indexterm><primary>
+#: freeculture.xml:13347
+msgid "feudal system"
+msgstr ""
+
+#. type: Content of: <book><chapter><indexterm><secondary>
+#: freeculture.xml:13348
+msgid "feudal system of"
+msgstr ""
+
 #. type: Content of: <book><chapter><para>
-#: freeculture.xml:13325
+#: freeculture.xml:13350
 msgid ""
 "There is a history of just such a property system that is well known in the "
 "Anglo-American tradition. It is called <quote>feudalism.</quote> Under "
@@ -18448,14 +18498,14 @@ msgid ""
 msgstr ""
 
 #. type: Content of: <book><chapter><para><footnote><para>
-#: freeculture.xml:13342
+#: freeculture.xml:13367
 msgid ""
 "See Drahos with Braithwaite, <citetitle>Information Feudalism</citetitle>, "
 "210&ndash;20.  <placeholder type=\"indexterm\" id=\"0\"/>"
 msgstr ""
 
 #. type: Content of: <book><chapter><para>
-#: freeculture.xml:13339
+#: freeculture.xml:13364
 msgid ""
 "As Peter Drahos and John Braithwaite relate, this is precisely the choice we "
 "are now making about intellectual property.<placeholder type=\"footnote\" "
@@ -18466,7 +18516,7 @@ msgid ""
 msgstr ""
 
 #. type: Content of: <book><chapter><para>
-#: freeculture.xml:13351
+#: freeculture.xml:13378
 msgid ""
 "When this battle broke, I blogged it. A spirited debate within the comment "
 "section ensued. Ms. Boland had a number of supporters who tried to show why "
@@ -18476,7 +18526,7 @@ msgstr ""
 
 #.  PAGE BREAK 275 
 #. type: Content of: <book><chapter><blockquote><para>
-#: freeculture.xml:13358
+#: freeculture.xml:13387
 msgid ""
 "George, you misunderstand Lessig: He's only talking about the world as it "
 "should be (<quote>the goal of WIPO, and the goal of any government, should "
@@ -18489,7 +18539,7 @@ msgid ""
 msgstr ""
 
 #. type: Content of: <book><chapter><para>
-#: freeculture.xml:13370
+#: freeculture.xml:13399
 msgid ""
 "I missed the irony the first time I read it. I read it quickly and thought "
 "the poster was supporting the idea that seeking balance was what our "
@@ -18502,7 +18552,7 @@ msgid ""
 msgstr ""
 
 #. type: Content of: <book><chapter><para>
-#: freeculture.xml:13381
+#: freeculture.xml:13410
 msgid ""
 "Obviously, however, the poster was not supporting that idea.  Instead, the "
 "poster was ridiculing the very idea that in the real world, the "
@@ -18514,7 +18564,7 @@ msgid ""
 msgstr ""
 
 #. type: Content of: <book><chapter><para>
-#: freeculture.xml:13389
+#: freeculture.xml:13418
 msgid ""
 "I understand criticism of academic utopianism. I think utopianism is silly, "
 "too, and I'd be the first to poke fun at the absurdly unrealistic ideals of "
@@ -18522,7 +18572,7 @@ msgid ""
 msgstr ""
 
 #. type: Content of: <book><chapter><para>
-#: freeculture.xml:13395
+#: freeculture.xml:13424
 msgid ""
 "But when it has become silly to suppose that the role of our government "
 "should be to <quote>seek balance,</quote> then count me with the silly, for "
@@ -18537,7 +18587,7 @@ msgstr ""
 
 #.  PAGE BREAK 276 
 #. type: Content of: <book><chapter><para>
-#: freeculture.xml:13406
+#: freeculture.xml:13435
 msgid ""
 "It might be crazy to expect a high government official to speak the "
 "truth. It might be crazy to believe that government policy will be something "
@@ -18547,17 +18597,17 @@ msgid ""
 msgstr ""
 
 #. type: Content of: <book><chapter><para>
-#: freeculture.xml:13414
+#: freeculture.xml:13443
 msgid "If this is crazy, then let there be more crazies. Soon."
 msgstr ""
 
 #. type: Content of: <book><chapter><indexterm><primary>
-#: freeculture.xml:13418
+#: freeculture.xml:13447
 msgid "Turner, Ted"
 msgstr ""
 
 #. type: Content of: <book><chapter><para>
-#: freeculture.xml:13420
+#: freeculture.xml:13449
 msgid ""
 "<emphasis role='strong'>There are moments</emphasis> of hope in this "
 "struggle. And moments that surprise. When the FCC was considering relaxing "
@@ -18571,7 +18621,7 @@ msgid ""
 msgstr ""
 
 #. type: Content of: <book><chapter><para>
-#: freeculture.xml:13431
+#: freeculture.xml:13460
 msgid ""
 "This activism did not stop the FCC, but soon after, a broad coalition in the "
 "Senate voted to reverse the FCC decision. The hostile hearings leading up to "
@@ -18581,7 +18631,7 @@ msgid ""
 msgstr ""
 
 #. type: Content of: <book><chapter><para>
-#: freeculture.xml:13439
+#: freeculture.xml:13468
 msgid ""
 "But even this movement misses an important piece of the puzzle.  Largeness "
 "as such is not bad. Freedom is not threatened just because some become very "
@@ -18591,7 +18641,7 @@ msgid ""
 msgstr ""
 
 #. type: Content of: <book><chapter><para>
-#: freeculture.xml:13446
+#: freeculture.xml:13475
 msgid ""
 "The danger in media concentration comes not from the concentration, but "
 "instead from the feudalism that this concentration, tied to the change in "
@@ -18603,7 +18653,7 @@ msgid ""
 msgstr ""
 
 #. type: Content of: <book><chapter><para>
-#: freeculture.xml:13456
+#: freeculture.xml:13485
 msgid ""
 "It is therefore significant that so many would rally to demand competition "
 "and increased diversity. Still, if the rally is understood as being about "
@@ -18613,7 +18663,7 @@ msgid ""
 msgstr ""
 
 #. type: Content of: <book><chapter><para>
-#: freeculture.xml:13463
+#: freeculture.xml:13492
 msgid ""
 "It would be something new, and something very important, if an equal number "
 "could be rallied to fight the increasing extremism built within the idea of "
@@ -18624,20 +18674,20 @@ msgid ""
 msgstr ""
 
 #. type: Content of: <book><chapter><para>
-#: freeculture.xml:13471
+#: freeculture.xml:13500
 msgid ""
 "If we were Achilles, this would be our heel. This would be the place of our "
 "tragedy."
 msgstr ""
 
 #. type: Content of: <book><chapter><indexterm><primary>
-#: freeculture.xml:13474
+#: freeculture.xml:13503
 msgid "Dylan, Bob"
 msgstr ""
 
 #.  f11. 
 #. type: Content of: <book><chapter><para><footnote><para>
-#: freeculture.xml:13480
+#: freeculture.xml:13509
 msgid ""
 "John Borland, <quote>RIAA Sues 261 File Swappers,</quote> CNET News.com, "
 "September 2003, available at <ulink "
@@ -18656,7 +18706,7 @@ msgstr ""
 
 #.  f12. 
 #. type: Content of: <book><chapter><para><footnote><para>
-#: freeculture.xml:13498
+#: freeculture.xml:13527
 msgid ""
 "Jon Wiederhorn, <quote>Eminem Gets Sued &hellip; by a Little Old "
 "Lady,</quote> mtv.com, 17 September 2003, available at <ulink "
@@ -18666,7 +18716,7 @@ msgstr ""
 #.  f13. 
 #.  PAGE BREAK 334 
 #. type: Content of: <book><chapter><para><footnote><para>
-#: freeculture.xml:13505
+#: freeculture.xml:13534
 msgid ""
 "Kenji Hall, Associated Press, <quote>Japanese Book May Be Inspiration for "
 "Dylan Songs,</quote> Kansascity.com, 9 July 2003, available at <ulink "
@@ -18674,7 +18724,7 @@ msgid ""
 msgstr ""
 
 #. type: Content of: <book><chapter><para>
-#: freeculture.xml:13476
+#: freeculture.xml:13505
 msgid ""
 "<emphasis role='strong'>As I write</emphasis> these final words, the news is "
 "filled with stories about the RIAA lawsuits against almost three hundred "
@@ -18694,38 +18744,38 @@ msgid ""
 msgstr ""
 
 #. type: Content of: <book><chapter><indexterm><primary>
-#: freeculture.xml:13522
+#: freeculture.xml:13551
 msgid "BBC"
 msgstr ""
 
 #. type: Content of: <book><chapter><indexterm><primary>
-#: freeculture.xml:13523
+#: freeculture.xml:13552
 msgid "Brazil, free culture in"
 msgstr ""
 
 #. type: Content of: <book><chapter><section><section><indexterm><primary>
-#: freeculture.xml:13524 freeculture.xml:13896
+#: freeculture.xml:13553 freeculture.xml:13925
 msgid "Creative Commons"
 msgstr ""
 
 #. type: Content of: <book><chapter><indexterm><primary>
-#: freeculture.xml:13525
+#: freeculture.xml:13554
 msgid "Gil, Gilberto"
 msgstr ""
 
 #. type: Content of: <book><chapter><indexterm><primary>
-#: freeculture.xml:13526
+#: freeculture.xml:13555
 msgid "United Kingdom"
 msgstr ""
 
 #. type: Content of: <book><chapter><indexterm><secondary>
-#: freeculture.xml:13526
+#: freeculture.xml:13555
 msgid "public creative archive in"
 msgstr ""
 
 #.  f14. 
 #. type: Content of: <book><chapter><para><footnote><para>
-#: freeculture.xml:13531
+#: freeculture.xml:13560
 msgid ""
 "<quote>BBC Plans to Open Up Its Archive to the Public,</quote> BBC press "
 "release, 24 August 2003, available at <ulink "
@@ -18734,7 +18784,7 @@ msgstr ""
 
 #.  f15. 
 #. type: Content of: <book><chapter><para><footnote><para>
-#: freeculture.xml:13540
+#: freeculture.xml:13569
 msgid ""
 "<quote>Creative Commons and Brazil,</quote> Creative Commons Weblog, 6 "
 "August 2003, available at <ulink url=\"http://free-culture.cc/notes/\">link "
@@ -18743,7 +18793,7 @@ msgstr ""
 
 #.  PAGE BREAK 278 
 #. type: Content of: <book><chapter><para>
-#: freeculture.xml:13528
+#: freeculture.xml:13557
 msgid ""
 "Yet on the other side of the Atlantic, the BBC has just announced that it "
 "will build a <quote>Creative Archive,</quote> from which British citizens "
@@ -18762,20 +18812,20 @@ msgstr ""
 
 #.  PAGE BREAK 279 
 #. type: Content of: <book><chapter><para>
-#: freeculture.xml:13554
+#: freeculture.xml:13583
 msgid ""
 "Common sense must revolt. It must act to free culture. Soon, if this "
 "potential is ever to be realized."
 msgstr ""
 
 #. type: Content of: <book><chapter><title>
-#: freeculture.xml:13562
+#: freeculture.xml:13591
 msgid "AFTERWORD"
 msgstr ""
 
 #.  PAGE BREAK 280 
 #. type: Content of: <book><chapter><para>
-#: freeculture.xml:13566
+#: freeculture.xml:13595
 msgid ""
 "<emphasis role='strong'>At least some</emphasis> who have read this far will "
 "agree with me that something must be done to change where we are "
@@ -18783,7 +18833,7 @@ msgid ""
 msgstr ""
 
 #. type: Content of: <book><chapter><para>
-#: freeculture.xml:13571
+#: freeculture.xml:13600
 msgid ""
 "I divide this map into two parts: that which anyone can do now, and that "
 "which requires the help of lawmakers. If there is one lesson that we can "
@@ -18792,7 +18842,7 @@ msgid ""
 msgstr ""
 
 #. type: Content of: <book><chapter><para>
-#: freeculture.xml:13577
+#: freeculture.xml:13606
 msgid ""
 "That means this movement must begin in the streets. It must recruit a "
 "significant number of parents, teachers, librarians, creators, authors, "
@@ -18801,7 +18851,7 @@ msgid ""
 msgstr ""
 
 #. type: Content of: <book><chapter><para>
-#: freeculture.xml:13584
+#: freeculture.xml:13613
 msgid ""
 "Once this movement has its effect in the streets, it has some hope of having "
 "an effect in Washington. We are still a democracy. What people think "
@@ -18811,12 +18861,12 @@ msgid ""
 msgstr ""
 
 #. type: Content of: <book><chapter><section><title>
-#: freeculture.xml:13593
+#: freeculture.xml:13622
 msgid "US, NOW"
 msgstr ""
 
 #. type: Content of: <book><chapter><section><para>
-#: freeculture.xml:13595
+#: freeculture.xml:13624
 msgid ""
 "<emphasis role='strong'>Common sense</emphasis> is with the copyright "
 "warriors because the debate so far has been framed at the extremes&mdash;as "
@@ -18826,7 +18876,7 @@ msgid ""
 msgstr ""
 
 #. type: Content of: <book><chapter><section><para>
-#: freeculture.xml:13602
+#: freeculture.xml:13631
 msgid ""
 "The mistake here is the error of the excluded middle. There are extremes in "
 "this debate, but the extremes are not all that there is. There are those who "
@@ -18840,7 +18890,7 @@ msgstr ""
 
 #.  PAGE BREAK 282 
 #. type: Content of: <book><chapter><section><para>
-#: freeculture.xml:13612
+#: freeculture.xml:13641
 msgid ""
 "When the Internet was first born, its initial architecture effectively "
 "tilted in the <quote>no rights reserved</quote> direction. Content could be "
@@ -18852,7 +18902,7 @@ msgid ""
 msgstr ""
 
 #. type: Content of: <book><chapter><section><para>
-#: freeculture.xml:13624
+#: freeculture.xml:13653
 msgid ""
 "This initial character produced a reaction (opposite, but not quite equal) "
 "by copyright owners. That reaction has been the topic of this book. Through "
@@ -18869,7 +18919,7 @@ msgid ""
 msgstr ""
 
 #. type: Content of: <book><chapter><section><para>
-#: freeculture.xml:13638
+#: freeculture.xml:13667
 msgid ""
 "What's needed is a way to say something in the middle&mdash;neither "
 "<quote>all rights reserved</quote> nor <quote>no rights reserved</quote> but "
@@ -18880,12 +18930,12 @@ msgid ""
 msgstr ""
 
 #. type: Content of: <book><chapter><section><section><title>
-#: freeculture.xml:13647
+#: freeculture.xml:13676
 msgid "Rebuilding Freedoms Previously Presumed: Examples"
 msgstr ""
 
 #. type: Content of: <book><chapter><section><section><para>
-#: freeculture.xml:13650
+#: freeculture.xml:13679
 msgid ""
 "If you step back from the battle I've been describing here, you will "
 "recognize this problem from other contexts. Think about privacy. Before the "
@@ -18897,12 +18947,12 @@ msgid ""
 msgstr ""
 
 #. type: Content of: <book><chapter><section><section><para>
-#: freeculture.xml:13660
+#: freeculture.xml:13689
 msgid "What made it assured?"
 msgstr ""
 
 #. type: Content of: <book><chapter><section><section><para>
-#: freeculture.xml:13664
+#: freeculture.xml:13693
 msgid ""
 "Well, if we think in terms of the modalities I described in chapter <xref "
 "xrefstyle=\"select: labelnumber\" linkend=\"property-i\"/>, your privacy was "
@@ -18920,17 +18970,17 @@ msgid ""
 msgstr ""
 
 #. type: Content of: <book><chapter><section><section><indexterm><primary>
-#: freeculture.xml:13679
+#: freeculture.xml:13708
 msgid "Amazon"
 msgstr ""
 
 #. type: Content of: <book><chapter><section><section><indexterm><primary>
-#: freeculture.xml:13680
+#: freeculture.xml:13709
 msgid "cookies, Internet"
 msgstr ""
 
 #. type: Content of: <book><chapter><section><section><para>
-#: freeculture.xml:13682
+#: freeculture.xml:13711
 msgid ""
 "Enter the Internet, where the cost of tracking browsing in particular has "
 "become quite tiny. If you're a customer at Amazon, then as you browse the "
@@ -18943,7 +18993,7 @@ msgid ""
 msgstr ""
 
 #. type: Content of: <book><chapter><section><section><para>
-#: freeculture.xml:13692
+#: freeculture.xml:13721
 msgid ""
 "Amazon, of course, is not the problem. But we might begin to worry about "
 "libraries. If you're one of those crazy lefties who thinks that people "
@@ -18956,7 +19006,7 @@ msgstr ""
 
 #.  f1. 
 #. type: Content of: <book><chapter><section><section><para><footnote><para>
-#: freeculture.xml:13709
+#: freeculture.xml:13738
 msgid ""
 "See, for example, Marc Rotenberg, <quote>Fair Information Practices and the "
 "Architecture of Privacy (What Larry Doesn't Get),</quote> "
@@ -18971,7 +19021,7 @@ msgstr ""
 
 #.  PAGE BREAK 284 
 #. type: Content of: <book><chapter><section><section><para>
-#: freeculture.xml:13703
+#: freeculture.xml:13732
 msgid ""
 "It is this reality that explains the push of many to define "
 "<quote>privacy</quote> on the Internet. It is the recognition that "
@@ -18985,7 +19035,7 @@ msgid ""
 msgstr ""
 
 #. type: Content of: <book><chapter><section><section><para>
-#: freeculture.xml:13727
+#: freeculture.xml:13756
 msgid ""
 "A similar story could be told about the birth of the free software "
 "movement. When computers with software were first made available "
@@ -18997,12 +19047,12 @@ msgid ""
 msgstr ""
 
 #. type: Content of: <book><chapter><section><section><indexterm><primary>
-#: freeculture.xml:13735
+#: freeculture.xml:13764
 msgid "Stallman, Richard"
 msgstr ""
 
 #. type: Content of: <book><chapter><section><section><para>
-#: freeculture.xml:13737
+#: freeculture.xml:13766
 msgid ""
 "That was the world Richard Stallman was born into, and while he was a "
 "researcher at MIT, he grew to love the community that developed when one was "
@@ -19012,7 +19062,7 @@ msgid ""
 msgstr ""
 
 #. type: Content of: <book><chapter><section><section><para>
-#: freeculture.xml:13745
+#: freeculture.xml:13774
 msgid ""
 "In an academic setting, at least, that's not a terribly radical idea. In a "
 "math department, anyone would be free to tinker with a proof that someone "
@@ -19026,7 +19076,7 @@ msgid ""
 msgstr ""
 
 #. type: Content of: <book><chapter><section><section><para>
-#: freeculture.xml:13757
+#: freeculture.xml:13786
 msgid ""
 "No one answered that question. Instead, the architecture of revenue for "
 "computing changed. As it became possible to import programs from one system "
@@ -19039,7 +19089,7 @@ msgstr ""
 
 #.  PAGE BREAK 285 
 #. type: Content of: <book><chapter><section><section><para>
-#: freeculture.xml:13766
+#: freeculture.xml:13795
 msgid ""
 "Thus, the practice of proprietary code began to spread, and by the early "
 "1980s, Stallman found himself surrounded by proprietary code.  The world of "
@@ -19049,12 +19099,12 @@ msgid ""
 msgstr ""
 
 #. type: Content of: <book><chapter><section><section><indexterm><primary>
-#: freeculture.xml:13774
+#: freeculture.xml:13803
 msgid "Torvalds, Linus"
 msgstr ""
 
 #. type: Content of: <book><chapter><section><section><para>
-#: freeculture.xml:13776
+#: freeculture.xml:13805
 msgid ""
 "Therefore, in 1984, Stallman began a project to build a free operating "
 "system, so that at least a strain of free software would survive. That was "
@@ -19065,7 +19115,7 @@ msgid ""
 msgstr ""
 
 #. type: Content of: <book><chapter><section><section><para>
-#: freeculture.xml:13784
+#: freeculture.xml:13813
 msgid ""
 "Stallman's technique was to use copyright law to build a world of software "
 "that must be kept free. Software licensed under the Free Software "
@@ -19078,7 +19128,7 @@ msgid ""
 msgstr ""
 
 #. type: Content of: <book><chapter><section><section><para>
-#: freeculture.xml:13795
+#: freeculture.xml:13824
 msgid ""
 "Stallman was thus doing for software what privacy advocates now do for "
 "privacy. He was seeking a way to rebuild a kind of freedom that was taken "
@@ -19089,12 +19139,12 @@ msgid ""
 msgstr ""
 
 #. type: Content of: <book><chapter><section><section><indexterm><primary>
-#: freeculture.xml:13803
+#: freeculture.xml:13832
 msgid "scientific journals"
 msgstr ""
 
 #. type: Content of: <book><chapter><section><section><para>
-#: freeculture.xml:13805
+#: freeculture.xml:13834
 msgid ""
 "Finally, consider a very recent example that more directly resonates with "
 "the story of this book. This is the shift in the way academic and scientific "
@@ -19102,23 +19152,23 @@ msgid ""
 msgstr ""
 
 #. type: Content of: <book><chapter><section><section><indexterm><primary>
-#: freeculture.xml:13809
+#: freeculture.xml:13838
 msgid "Lexis and Westlaw"
 msgstr ""
 
 #. type: Content of: <book><chapter><section><section><indexterm><secondary>
-#: freeculture.xml:13811
+#: freeculture.xml:13840
 msgid "journals in"
 msgstr ""
 
 #. type: Content of: <book><chapter><section><section><indexterm><secondary>
-#: freeculture.xml:13812
+#: freeculture.xml:13841
 msgid "access to opinions of"
 msgstr ""
 
 #.  PAGE BREAK 286 
 #. type: Content of: <book><chapter><section><section><para>
-#: freeculture.xml:13814
+#: freeculture.xml:13843
 msgid ""
 "As digital technologies develop, it is becoming obvious to many that "
 "printing thousands of copies of journals every month and sending them to "
@@ -19135,17 +19185,17 @@ msgid ""
 msgstr ""
 
 #. type: Content of: <book><chapter><section><section><indexterm><secondary>
-#: freeculture.xml:13829
+#: freeculture.xml:13858
 msgid "access fees for material in"
 msgstr ""
 
 #. type: Content of: <book><chapter><section><section><indexterm><secondary>
-#: freeculture.xml:13830
+#: freeculture.xml:13859
 msgid "license system for rebuilding of"
 msgstr ""
 
 #. type: Content of: <book><chapter><section><section><para>
-#: freeculture.xml:13832
+#: freeculture.xml:13861
 msgid ""
 "There's nothing wrong in general with this, and indeed, the ability to "
 "charge for access to even public domain materials is a good incentive for "
@@ -19157,7 +19207,7 @@ msgid ""
 msgstr ""
 
 #. type: Content of: <book><chapter><section><section><para>
-#: freeculture.xml:13843
+#: freeculture.xml:13872
 msgid ""
 "But what if the only way to get access to social and scientific data was "
 "through proprietary services? What if no one had the ability to browse this "
@@ -19165,7 +19215,7 @@ msgid ""
 msgstr ""
 
 #. type: Content of: <book><chapter><section><section><para>
-#: freeculture.xml:13848
+#: freeculture.xml:13877
 msgid ""
 "As many are beginning to notice, this is increasingly the reality with "
 "scientific journals. When these journals were distributed in paper form, "
@@ -19180,7 +19230,7 @@ msgid ""
 msgstr ""
 
 #. type: Content of: <book><chapter><section><section><para>
-#: freeculture.xml:13860
+#: freeculture.xml:13889
 msgid ""
 "As journals become electronic, however, the publishers are demanding that "
 "libraries not give the general public access to the journals. This means "
@@ -19191,7 +19241,7 @@ msgstr ""
 
 #.  PAGE BREAK 287 
 #. type: Content of: <book><chapter><section><section><para>
-#: freeculture.xml:13870
+#: freeculture.xml:13899
 msgid ""
 "This shrinking freedom has led many to take affirmative steps to restore the "
 "freedom that has been lost. The Public Library of Science (PLoS), for "
@@ -19205,7 +19255,7 @@ msgid ""
 msgstr ""
 
 #. type: Content of: <book><chapter><section><section><para>
-#: freeculture.xml:13883
+#: freeculture.xml:13912
 msgid ""
 "This is one of many such efforts to restore a freedom taken for granted "
 "before, but now threatened by changing technology and markets.  There's no "
@@ -19216,24 +19266,24 @@ msgid ""
 msgstr ""
 
 #. type: Content of: <book><chapter><section><section><title>
-#: freeculture.xml:13895
+#: freeculture.xml:13924
 msgid "Rebuilding Free Culture: One Idea"
 msgstr ""
 
 #. type: Content of: <book><chapter><section><section><para>
-#: freeculture.xml:13898
+#: freeculture.xml:13927
 msgid ""
 "The same strategy could be applied to culture, as a response to the "
 "increasing control effected through law and technology."
 msgstr ""
 
 #. type: Content of: <book><chapter><section><section><indexterm><primary>
-#: freeculture.xml:13901
+#: freeculture.xml:13930
 msgid "Stanford University"
 msgstr ""
 
 #. type: Content of: <book><chapter><section><section><para>
-#: freeculture.xml:13903
+#: freeculture.xml:13932
 msgid ""
 "Enter the Creative Commons. The Creative Commons is a nonprofit corporation "
 "established in Massachusetts, but with its home at Stanford University. Its "
@@ -19247,7 +19297,7 @@ msgstr ""
 
 #.  PAGE BREAK 288 
 #. type: Content of: <book><chapter><section><section><para>
-#: freeculture.xml:13914
+#: freeculture.xml:13943
 msgid ""
 "<emphasis>Simple</emphasis>&mdash;which means without a middleman, or "
 "without a lawyer.  By developing a free set of licenses that people can "
@@ -19266,7 +19316,7 @@ msgid ""
 msgstr ""
 
 #. type: Content of: <book><chapter><section><section><para>
-#: freeculture.xml:13932
+#: freeculture.xml:13961
 msgid ""
 "These freedoms are beyond the freedoms promised by fair use. Their precise "
 "contours depend upon the choices the creator makes. The creator can choose a "
@@ -19280,7 +19330,7 @@ msgid ""
 msgstr ""
 
 #. type: Content of: <book><chapter><section><section><para>
-#: freeculture.xml:13943
+#: freeculture.xml:13972
 msgid ""
 "These choices thus establish a range of freedoms beyond the default of "
 "copyright law. They also enable freedoms that go beyond traditional fair "
@@ -19293,13 +19343,13 @@ msgid ""
 msgstr ""
 
 #. type: Content of: <book><chapter><section><section><indexterm><primary>
-#: freeculture.xml:13953
+#: freeculture.xml:13982
 msgid "Garlick, Mia"
 msgstr ""
 
 #.  PAGE BREAK 289 
 #. type: Content of: <book><chapter><section><section><para>
-#: freeculture.xml:13955
+#: freeculture.xml:13984
 msgid ""
 "This is just one project among many within the Creative Commons.  And of "
 "course, Creative Commons is not the only organization pursuing such "
@@ -19313,7 +19363,7 @@ msgid ""
 msgstr ""
 
 #. type: Content of: <book><chapter><section><section><para>
-#: freeculture.xml:13968
+#: freeculture.xml:13997
 msgid ""
 "The aim is not to fight the <quote>All Rights Reserved</quote> sorts. The "
 "aim is to complement them. The problems that the law creates for us as a "
@@ -19328,7 +19378,7 @@ msgid ""
 msgstr ""
 
 #. type: Content of: <book><chapter><section><section><para>
-#: freeculture.xml:13981
+#: freeculture.xml:14010
 msgid ""
 "Why would creators participate in giving up total control? Some participate "
 "to better spread their content. Cory Doctorow, for example, is a science "
@@ -19338,7 +19388,7 @@ msgid ""
 msgstr ""
 
 #. type: Content of: <book><chapter><section><section><para>
-#: freeculture.xml:13988
+#: freeculture.xml:14017
 msgid ""
 "Why would a publisher ever agree to this? I suspect his publisher reasoned "
 "like this: There are two groups of people out there: (1)  those who will buy "
@@ -19352,7 +19402,7 @@ msgid ""
 msgstr ""
 
 #. type: Content of: <book><chapter><section><section><para>
-#: freeculture.xml:14000
+#: freeculture.xml:14029
 msgid ""
 "Indeed, the experience of his publisher clearly supports that conclusion.  "
 "The book's first printing was exhausted months before the publisher had "
@@ -19360,18 +19410,18 @@ msgid ""
 msgstr ""
 
 #. type: Content of: <book><chapter><section><section><indexterm><primary>
-#: freeculture.xml:14005
+#: freeculture.xml:14034
 msgid "Free for All (Wayner)"
 msgstr ""
 
 #. type: Content of: <book><chapter><section><section><indexterm><primary>
-#: freeculture.xml:14006
+#: freeculture.xml:14035
 msgid "Wayner, Peter"
 msgstr ""
 
 #.  PAGE BREAK 290 
 #. type: Content of: <book><chapter><section><section><para>
-#: freeculture.xml:14008
+#: freeculture.xml:14037
 msgid ""
 "The idea that free content might increase the value of nonfree content was "
 "confirmed by the experience of another author. Peter Wayner, who wrote a "
@@ -19383,23 +19433,23 @@ msgid ""
 msgstr ""
 
 #. type: Content of: <book><chapter><section><section><indexterm><primary>
-#: freeculture.xml:14019
+#: freeculture.xml:14048
 msgid "Public Enemy"
 msgstr ""
 
 #. type: Content of: <book><chapter><section><section><indexterm><primary>
-#: freeculture.xml:14020
+#: freeculture.xml:14049
 msgid "rap music"
 msgstr ""
 
 #. type: Content of: <book><chapter><section><section><indexterm><primary>
-#: freeculture.xml:14021
+#: freeculture.xml:14050
 msgid "Leaphart, Walter"
 msgstr ""
 
 #.  f2. 
 #. type: Content of: <book><chapter><section><section><para><footnote><para>
-#: freeculture.xml:14038
+#: freeculture.xml:14067
 msgid ""
 "<citetitle>Willful Infringement: A Report from the Front Lines of the Real "
 "Culture Wars</citetitle> (2003), produced by Jed Horovitz, directed by Greg "
@@ -19408,7 +19458,7 @@ msgid ""
 msgstr ""
 
 #. type: Content of: <book><chapter><section><section><para>
-#: freeculture.xml:14023
+#: freeculture.xml:14052
 msgid ""
 "These are examples of using the Commons to better spread proprietary "
 "content. I believe that is a wonderful and common use of the Commons. There "
@@ -19428,7 +19478,7 @@ msgid ""
 msgstr ""
 
 #. type: Content of: <book><chapter><section><section><para>
-#: freeculture.xml:14047
+#: freeculture.xml:14076
 msgid ""
 "Finally, there are many who mark their content with a Creative Commons "
 "license just because they want to express to others the importance of "
@@ -19443,7 +19493,7 @@ msgstr ""
 
 #.  PAGE BREAK 291 
 #. type: Content of: <book><chapter><section><section><para>
-#: freeculture.xml:14059
+#: freeculture.xml:14088
 msgid ""
 "In the first six months of the Creative Commons experiment, over 1 million "
 "objects were licensed with these free-culture licenses. The next step is "
@@ -19454,7 +19504,7 @@ msgid ""
 msgstr ""
 
 #. type: Content of: <book><chapter><section><section><para>
-#: freeculture.xml:14069
+#: freeculture.xml:14098
 msgid ""
 "These are first steps to rebuilding a public domain. They are not mere "
 "arguments; they are action. Building a public domain is the first step to "
@@ -19465,7 +19515,7 @@ msgid ""
 msgstr ""
 
 #. type: Content of: <book><chapter><section><section><para>
-#: freeculture.xml:14077
+#: freeculture.xml:14106
 msgid ""
 "Creative Commons is just one example of voluntary efforts by individuals and "
 "creators to change the mix of rights that now govern the creative field. The "
@@ -19476,12 +19526,12 @@ msgid ""
 msgstr ""
 
 #. type: Content of: <book><chapter><section><title>
-#: freeculture.xml:14091
+#: freeculture.xml:14120
 msgid "THEM, SOON"
 msgstr ""
 
 #. type: Content of: <book><chapter><section><para>
-#: freeculture.xml:14093
+#: freeculture.xml:14122
 msgid ""
 "<emphasis role='strong'>We will</emphasis> not reclaim a free culture by "
 "individual action alone. It will also take important reforms of laws. We "
@@ -19491,7 +19541,7 @@ msgid ""
 msgstr ""
 
 #. type: Content of: <book><chapter><section><para>
-#: freeculture.xml:14100
+#: freeculture.xml:14129
 msgid ""
 "In this chapter, I outline five kinds of changes: four that are general, and "
 "one that's specific to the most heated battle of the day, music. Each is a "
@@ -19500,12 +19550,12 @@ msgid ""
 msgstr ""
 
 #. type: Content of: <book><chapter><section><section><title>
-#: freeculture.xml:14107
+#: freeculture.xml:14136
 msgid "1. More Formalities"
 msgstr ""
 
 #. type: Content of: <book><chapter><section><section><para>
-#: freeculture.xml:14109
+#: freeculture.xml:14138
 msgid ""
 "If you buy a house, you have to record the sale in a deed. If you buy land "
 "upon which to build a house, you have to record the purchase in a deed.  If "
@@ -19515,14 +19565,14 @@ msgstr ""
 
 #.  PAGE BREAK 293 
 #. type: Content of: <book><chapter><section><section><para>
-#: freeculture.xml:14116
+#: freeculture.xml:14145
 msgid ""
 "These are all formalities associated with property. They are requirements "
 "that we all must bear if we want our property to be protected."
 msgstr ""
 
 #. type: Content of: <book><chapter><section><section><para>
-#: freeculture.xml:14121
+#: freeculture.xml:14150
 msgid ""
 "In contrast, under current copyright law, you automatically get a copyright, "
 "regardless of whether you comply with any formality. You don't have to "
@@ -19531,12 +19581,12 @@ msgid ""
 msgstr ""
 
 #. type: Content of: <book><chapter><section><section><para>
-#: freeculture.xml:14127
+#: freeculture.xml:14156
 msgid "Why?"
 msgstr ""
 
 #. type: Content of: <book><chapter><section><section><para>
-#: freeculture.xml:14130
+#: freeculture.xml:14159
 msgid ""
 "As I suggested in chapter <xref xrefstyle=\"select: labelnumber\" "
 "linkend=\"property-i\"/>, the motivation to abolish formalities was a good "
@@ -19547,7 +19597,7 @@ msgid ""
 msgstr ""
 
 #. type: Content of: <book><chapter><section><section><para>
-#: freeculture.xml:14139
+#: freeculture.xml:14168
 msgid ""
 "But the Internet changes all this. Formalities today need not be a "
 "burden. Rather, the world without formalities is the world that burdens "
@@ -19562,7 +19612,7 @@ msgstr ""
 
 #.  f1. 
 #. type: Content of: <book><chapter><section><section><para><footnote><para>
-#: freeculture.xml:14153
+#: freeculture.xml:14182
 msgid ""
 "The proposal I am advancing here would apply to American works only.  "
 "Obviously, I believe it would be beneficial for the same idea to be adopted "
@@ -19570,7 +19620,7 @@ msgid ""
 msgstr ""
 
 #. type: Content of: <book><chapter><section><section><para>
-#: freeculture.xml:14151
+#: freeculture.xml:14180
 msgid ""
 "The law should therefore change this requirement<placeholder "
 "type=\"footnote\" id=\"0\"/>&mdash;but it should not change it by going back "
@@ -19580,7 +19630,7 @@ msgid ""
 msgstr ""
 
 #. type: Content of: <book><chapter><section><section><para>
-#: freeculture.xml:14161
+#: freeculture.xml:14190
 msgid ""
 "The important formalities are three: marking copyrighted work, registering "
 "copyrights, and renewing the claim to copyright. Traditionally, the first of "
@@ -19591,12 +19641,12 @@ msgid ""
 msgstr ""
 
 #. type: Content of: <book><chapter><section><section><section><title>
-#: freeculture.xml:14173
+#: freeculture.xml:14202
 msgid "REGISTRATION AND RENEWAL"
 msgstr ""
 
 #. type: Content of: <book><chapter><section><section><section><para>
-#: freeculture.xml:14175
+#: freeculture.xml:14204
 msgid ""
 "Under the old system, a copyright owner had to file a registration with the "
 "Copyright Office to register or renew a copyright. When filing that "
@@ -19611,7 +19661,7 @@ msgid ""
 msgstr ""
 
 #. type: Content of: <book><chapter><section><section><section><para>
-#: freeculture.xml:14188
+#: freeculture.xml:14217
 msgid ""
 "Yet it is always astonishing to me that we, who come from a tradition of "
 "extraordinary innovation in governmental design, can no longer think "
@@ -19623,7 +19673,7 @@ msgid ""
 msgstr ""
 
 #. type: Content of: <book><chapter><section><section><section><para>
-#: freeculture.xml:14197
+#: freeculture.xml:14226
 msgid ""
 "In the context of registration, one obvious model is the Internet.  There "
 "are at least 32 million Web sites registered around the world.  Domain name "
@@ -19636,7 +19686,7 @@ msgstr ""
 
 #.  PAGE BREAK 295 
 #. type: Content of: <book><chapter><section><section><section><para>
-#: freeculture.xml:14207
+#: freeculture.xml:14236
 msgid ""
 "We should adopt a similar model for the registration and renewal of "
 "copyrights. The Copyright Office may well serve as the central registry, but "
@@ -19650,12 +19700,12 @@ msgid ""
 msgstr ""
 
 #. type: Content of: <book><chapter><section><section><section><title>
-#: freeculture.xml:14222
+#: freeculture.xml:14251
 msgid "MARKING"
 msgstr ""
 
 #. type: Content of: <book><chapter><section><section><section><para>
-#: freeculture.xml:14224
+#: freeculture.xml:14253
 msgid ""
 "It used to be that the failure to include a copyright notice on a creative "
 "work meant that the copyright was forfeited. That was a harsh punishment for "
@@ -19667,7 +19717,7 @@ msgid ""
 msgstr ""
 
 #. type: Content of: <book><chapter><section><section><section><para>
-#: freeculture.xml:14234
+#: freeculture.xml:14263
 msgid ""
 "The aim of marking is to signal to the public that this work is copyrighted "
 "and that the author wants to enforce his rights. The mark also makes it easy "
@@ -19675,7 +19725,7 @@ msgid ""
 msgstr ""
 
 #. type: Content of: <book><chapter><section><section><section><para>
-#: freeculture.xml:14240
+#: freeculture.xml:14269
 msgid ""
 "One of the problems the copyright system confronted early on was that "
 "different copyrighted works had to be differently marked. It wasn't clear "
@@ -19689,7 +19739,7 @@ msgstr ""
 
 #.  f2. 
 #. type: Content of: <book><chapter><section><section><section><para><footnote><para>
-#: freeculture.xml:14257
+#: freeculture.xml:14286
 msgid ""
 "There would be a complication with derivative works that I have not solved "
 "here. In my view, the law of derivatives creates a more complicated system "
@@ -19698,7 +19748,7 @@ msgstr ""
 
 #.  PAGE BREAK 296 
 #. type: Content of: <book><chapter><section><section><section><para>
-#: freeculture.xml:14250
+#: freeculture.xml:14279
 msgid ""
 "Let's start with the last point. If a copyright owner allows his work to be "
 "published without a copyright notice, the consequence of that failure need "
@@ -19714,7 +19764,7 @@ msgid ""
 msgstr ""
 
 #. type: Content of: <book><chapter><section><section><section><para>
-#: freeculture.xml:14270
+#: freeculture.xml:14299
 msgid ""
 "That in turn raises the question about how work should best be marked. Here "
 "again, the system needs to adjust as the technologies evolve. The best way "
@@ -19724,12 +19774,12 @@ msgid ""
 msgstr ""
 
 #. type: Content of: <book><chapter><section><section><section><indexterm><secondary>
-#: freeculture.xml:14276
+#: freeculture.xml:14305
 msgid "copyright marking of"
 msgstr ""
 
 #. type: Content of: <book><chapter><section><section><section><para>
-#: freeculture.xml:14278
+#: freeculture.xml:14307
 msgid ""
 "For example, if a recording industry association devises a method for "
 "marking CDs, it would propose that to the Copyright Office. The Copyright "
@@ -19743,7 +19793,7 @@ msgid ""
 msgstr ""
 
 #. type: Content of: <book><chapter><section><section><section><para>
-#: freeculture.xml:14290
+#: freeculture.xml:14319
 msgid ""
 "Finally, marking content clearly would simplify registration requirements.  "
 "If photographs were marked by author and year, there would be little reason "
@@ -19754,7 +19804,7 @@ msgid ""
 msgstr ""
 
 #. type: Content of: <book><chapter><section><section><section><para>
-#: freeculture.xml:14298
+#: freeculture.xml:14327
 msgid ""
 "The objective of formalities is to make things clear. The existing system "
 "does nothing to make things clear. Indeed, it seems designed to make things "
@@ -19762,7 +19812,7 @@ msgid ""
 msgstr ""
 
 #. type: Content of: <book><chapter><section><section><section><para>
-#: freeculture.xml:14303
+#: freeculture.xml:14332
 msgid ""
 "If formalities such as registration were reinstated, one of the most "
 "difficult aspects of relying upon the public domain would be removed.  It "
@@ -19773,12 +19823,12 @@ msgid ""
 msgstr ""
 
 #. type: Content of: <book><chapter><section><section><title>
-#: freeculture.xml:14315
+#: freeculture.xml:14344
 msgid "2. Shorter Terms"
 msgstr ""
 
 #. type: Content of: <book><chapter><section><section><para>
-#: freeculture.xml:14317
+#: freeculture.xml:14346
 msgid ""
 "The term of copyright has gone from fourteen years to ninety-five years for "
 "corporate authors, and life of the author plus seventy years for natural "
@@ -19787,7 +19837,7 @@ msgstr ""
 
 #.  f3. 
 #. type: Content of: <book><chapter><section><section><para><footnote><para>
-#: freeculture.xml:14330
+#: freeculture.xml:14359
 msgid ""
 "<quote>A Radical Rethink,</quote> <citetitle>Economist</citetitle>, 366:8308 "
 "(25 January 2003): 15, available at <ulink "
@@ -19795,7 +19845,7 @@ msgid ""
 msgstr ""
 
 #. type: Content of: <book><chapter><section><section><para>
-#: freeculture.xml:14322
+#: freeculture.xml:14351
 msgid ""
 "In <citetitle>The Future of Ideas</citetitle>, I proposed a "
 "seventy-five-year term, granted in five-year increments with a requirement "
@@ -19808,7 +19858,7 @@ msgid ""
 msgstr ""
 
 #. type: Content of: <book><chapter><section><section><para>
-#: freeculture.xml:14337
+#: freeculture.xml:14366
 msgid ""
 "I agree with those who believe that we need a radical change in copyright's "
 "term. But whether fourteen years or seventy-five, there are four principles "
@@ -19817,7 +19867,7 @@ msgstr ""
 
 #.  (1) 
 #. type: Content of: <book><chapter><section><section><orderedlist><listitem><para>
-#: freeculture.xml:14345
+#: freeculture.xml:14374
 msgid ""
 "<emphasis>Keep it short:</emphasis> The term should be as long as necessary "
 "to give incentives to create, but no longer. If it were tied to very strong "
@@ -19830,7 +19880,7 @@ msgstr ""
 #.  (2) 
 #.  PAGE BREAK 298 
 #. type: Content of: <book><chapter><section><section><orderedlist><listitem><para>
-#: freeculture.xml:14354
+#: freeculture.xml:14383
 msgid ""
 "<emphasis>Keep it simple:</emphasis> The line between the public domain and "
 "protected content must be kept clear. Lawyers like the fuzziness of "
@@ -19844,13 +19894,13 @@ msgid ""
 msgstr ""
 
 #. type: Content of: <book><chapter><section><section><orderedlist><listitem><indexterm><primary>
-#: freeculture.xml:14366
+#: freeculture.xml:14395
 msgid "veterans' pensions"
 msgstr ""
 
 #.  f4. 
 #. type: Content of: <book><chapter><section><section><orderedlist><listitem><para><footnote><para>
-#: freeculture.xml:14377
+#: freeculture.xml:14406
 msgid ""
 "Department of Veterans Affairs, Veteran's Application for Compensation "
 "and/or Pension, VA Form 21-526 (OMB Approved No. 2900-0001), available at "
@@ -19858,7 +19908,7 @@ msgid ""
 msgstr ""
 
 #. type: Content of: <book><chapter><section><section><orderedlist><listitem><para>
-#: freeculture.xml:14369
+#: freeculture.xml:14398
 msgid ""
 "<emphasis>Keep it alive:</emphasis> Copyright should have to be renewed.  "
 "Especially if the maximum term is long, the copyright owner should be "
@@ -19873,7 +19923,7 @@ msgstr ""
 
 #.  (4) 
 #. type: Content of: <book><chapter><section><section><orderedlist><listitem><para>
-#: freeculture.xml:14388
+#: freeculture.xml:14417
 msgid ""
 "<emphasis>Keep it prospective:</emphasis> Whatever the term of copyright "
 "should be, the clearest lesson that economists teach is that a term once "
@@ -19890,7 +19940,7 @@ msgid ""
 msgstr ""
 
 #. type: Content of: <book><chapter><section><section><para>
-#: freeculture.xml:14404
+#: freeculture.xml:14433
 msgid ""
 "These changes together should produce an <emphasis>average</emphasis> "
 "copyright term that is much shorter than the current term. Until 1976, the "
@@ -19898,7 +19948,7 @@ msgid ""
 msgstr ""
 
 #. type: Content of: <book><chapter><section><section><para>
-#: freeculture.xml:14410
+#: freeculture.xml:14439
 msgid ""
 "No doubt the extremists will call these ideas <quote>radical.</quote> (After "
 "all, I call them <quote>extremists.</quote>) But again, the term I "
@@ -19908,12 +19958,12 @@ msgid ""
 msgstr ""
 
 #. type: Content of: <book><chapter><section><section><title>
-#: freeculture.xml:14420
+#: freeculture.xml:14449
 msgid "3. Free Use Vs. Fair Use"
 msgstr ""
 
 #. type: Content of: <book><chapter><section><section><para>
-#: freeculture.xml:14424
+#: freeculture.xml:14453
 msgid ""
 "As I observed at the beginning of this book, property law originally granted "
 "property owners the right to control their property from the ground to the "
@@ -19924,7 +19974,7 @@ msgid ""
 msgstr ""
 
 #. type: Content of: <book><chapter><section><section><para>
-#: freeculture.xml:14432
+#: freeculture.xml:14461
 msgid ""
 "Our Constitution gives Congress the power to give authors <quote>exclusive "
 "right</quote> to <quote>their writings.</quote> Congress has given authors "
@@ -19936,20 +19986,20 @@ msgid ""
 msgstr ""
 
 #. type: Content of: <book><chapter><section><section><indexterm><primary>
-#: freeculture.xml:14440
+#: freeculture.xml:14469
 msgid "Kaplan, Benjamin"
 msgstr ""
 
 #.  f5. 
 #. type: Content of: <book><chapter><section><section><para><footnote><para>
-#: freeculture.xml:14446
+#: freeculture.xml:14475
 msgid ""
 "Benjamin Kaplan, <citetitle>An Unhurried View of Copyright</citetitle> (New "
 "York: Columbia University Press, 1967), 32."
 msgstr ""
 
 #. type: Content of: <book><chapter><section><section><para>
-#: freeculture.xml:14442
+#: freeculture.xml:14471
 msgid ""
 "Congress granted the beginnings of this right in 1870, when it expanded the "
 "exclusive right of copyright to include a right to control translations and "
@@ -19961,12 +20011,12 @@ msgstr ""
 
 #.  f6. 
 #. type: Content of: <book><chapter><section><section><blockquote><para><footnote><para>
-#: freeculture.xml:14459
+#: freeculture.xml:14488
 msgid "Ibid., 56."
 msgstr ""
 
 #. type: Content of: <book><chapter><section><section><blockquote><para>
-#: freeculture.xml:14455
+#: freeculture.xml:14484
 msgid ""
 "So inured have we become to the extension of the monopoly to a large range "
 "of so-called derivative works, that we no longer sense the oddity of "
@@ -19975,7 +20025,7 @@ msgid ""
 msgstr ""
 
 #. type: Content of: <book><chapter><section><section><para>
-#: freeculture.xml:14464
+#: freeculture.xml:14493
 msgid ""
 "I think it's time to recognize that there are airplanes in this field and "
 "the expansiveness of these rights of derivative use no longer make "
@@ -19985,7 +20035,7 @@ msgid ""
 msgstr ""
 
 #. type: Content of: <book><chapter><section><section><para>
-#: freeculture.xml:14471
+#: freeculture.xml:14500
 msgid ""
 "<emphasis>Term:</emphasis> If Congress wants to grant a derivative right, "
 "then that right should be for a much shorter term. It makes sense to protect "
@@ -19997,7 +20047,7 @@ msgid ""
 msgstr ""
 
 #. type: Content of: <book><chapter><section><section><para>
-#: freeculture.xml:14484
+#: freeculture.xml:14513
 msgid ""
 "<emphasis>Scope:</emphasis> Likewise should the scope of derivative rights "
 "be narrowed.  Again, there are some cases in which derivative rights are "
@@ -20012,7 +20062,7 @@ msgid ""
 msgstr ""
 
 #. type: Content of: <book><chapter><section><section><para>
-#: freeculture.xml:14498
+#: freeculture.xml:14527
 msgid ""
 "This was the point that Alben made when describing the making of the Clint "
 "Eastwood CD. While it makes sense to require negotiation for foreseeable "
@@ -20022,12 +20072,12 @@ msgid ""
 msgstr ""
 
 #. type: Content of: <book><chapter><section><section><para><footnote><para><indexterm><primary>
-#: freeculture.xml:14514
+#: freeculture.xml:14543
 msgid "Goldstein, Paul"
 msgstr ""
 
 #. type: Content of: <book><chapter><section><section><para><footnote><para>
-#: freeculture.xml:14512
+#: freeculture.xml:14541
 msgid ""
 "Paul Goldstein, <citetitle>Copyright's Highway: From Gutenberg to the "
 "Celestial Jukebox</citetitle> (Stanford: Stanford University Press, 2003), "
@@ -20035,7 +20085,7 @@ msgid ""
 msgstr ""
 
 #. type: Content of: <book><chapter><section><section><para>
-#: freeculture.xml:14506
+#: freeculture.xml:14535
 msgid ""
 "In each of these cases, the law should mark the uses that are protected, and "
 "the presumption should be that other uses are not protected.  This is the "
@@ -20045,7 +20095,7 @@ msgid ""
 msgstr ""
 
 #. type: Content of: <book><chapter><section><section><para>
-#: freeculture.xml:14520
+#: freeculture.xml:14549
 msgid ""
 "Goldstein's analysis would make perfect sense if the cost of the legal "
 "system were small. But as we are currently seeing in the context of the "
@@ -20056,7 +20106,7 @@ msgstr ""
 
 #.  PAGE BREAK 301 
 #. type: Content of: <book><chapter><section><section><para>
-#: freeculture.xml:14527
+#: freeculture.xml:14556
 msgid ""
 "The law could remedy this problem either by removing protection beyond the "
 "part explicitly drawn or by granting reuse rights upon certain statutory "
@@ -20066,12 +20116,12 @@ msgid ""
 msgstr ""
 
 #. type: Content of: <book><chapter><section><section><title>
-#: freeculture.xml:14537
+#: freeculture.xml:14566
 msgid "4. Liberate the Music&mdash;Again"
 msgstr ""
 
 #. type: Content of: <book><chapter><section><section><para>
-#: freeculture.xml:14539
+#: freeculture.xml:14568
 msgid ""
 "The battle that got this whole war going was about music, so it wouldn't be "
 "fair to end this book without addressing the issue that is, to most people, "
@@ -20081,7 +20131,7 @@ msgid ""
 msgstr ""
 
 #. type: Content of: <book><chapter><section><section><para>
-#: freeculture.xml:14546
+#: freeculture.xml:14575
 msgid ""
 "The appeal of file-sharing music was the crack cocaine of the Internet's "
 "growth. It drove demand for access to the Internet more powerfully than any "
@@ -20092,7 +20142,7 @@ msgid ""
 msgstr ""
 
 #. type: Content of: <book><chapter><section><section><para>
-#: freeculture.xml:14555
+#: freeculture.xml:14584
 msgid ""
 "The aim of copyright, with respect to content in general and music in "
 "particular, is to create the incentives for music to be composed, performed, "
@@ -20102,7 +20152,7 @@ msgid ""
 msgstr ""
 
 #. type: Content of: <book><chapter><section><section><para>
-#: freeculture.xml:14562
+#: freeculture.xml:14591
 msgid ""
 "File-sharing networks complicate this model by enabling the spread of "
 "content for which the performer has not been paid. But of course, that's not "
@@ -20113,7 +20163,7 @@ msgstr ""
 
 #.  A. 
 #. type: Content of: <book><chapter><section><section><orderedlist><listitem><para>
-#: freeculture.xml:14571
+#: freeculture.xml:14600
 msgid ""
 "There are some who are using sharing networks as substitutes for purchasing "
 "CDs."
@@ -20121,7 +20171,7 @@ msgstr ""
 
 #.  B. 
 #. type: Content of: <book><chapter><section><section><orderedlist><listitem><para>
-#: freeculture.xml:14576
+#: freeculture.xml:14605
 msgid ""
 "There are also some who are using sharing networks to sample, on the way to "
 "purchasing CDs."
@@ -20130,7 +20180,7 @@ msgstr ""
 #.  PAGE BREAK 302 
 #.  C. 
 #. type: Content of: <book><chapter><section><section><orderedlist><listitem><para>
-#: freeculture.xml:14582
+#: freeculture.xml:14611
 msgid ""
 "There are many who are using file-sharing networks to get access to content "
 "that is no longer sold but is still under copyright or that would have been "
@@ -20139,7 +20189,7 @@ msgstr ""
 
 #.  D. 
 #. type: Content of: <book><chapter><section><section><orderedlist><listitem><para>
-#: freeculture.xml:14588
+#: freeculture.xml:14617
 msgid ""
 "There are many who are using file-sharing networks to get access to content "
 "that is not copyrighted or to get access that the copyright owner plainly "
@@ -20147,7 +20197,7 @@ msgid ""
 msgstr ""
 
 #. type: Content of: <book><chapter><section><section><para>
-#: freeculture.xml:14596
+#: freeculture.xml:14625
 msgid ""
 "Any reform of the law needs to keep these different uses in focus. It must "
 "avoid burdening type D even if it aims to eliminate type A. The eagerness "
@@ -20158,7 +20208,7 @@ msgid ""
 msgstr ""
 
 #. type: Content of: <book><chapter><section><section><para>
-#: freeculture.xml:14604
+#: freeculture.xml:14633
 msgid ""
 "As I said in chapter <xref xrefstyle=\"select: labelnumber\" "
 "linkend=\"piracy\"/>, the actual harm caused by sharing is controversial.  "
@@ -20168,7 +20218,7 @@ msgid ""
 msgstr ""
 
 #. type: Content of: <book><chapter><section><section><para>
-#: freeculture.xml:14612
+#: freeculture.xml:14641
 msgid ""
 "Nonetheless, there is a crucial fact about the current technological context "
 "that we must keep in mind if we are to understand how the law should "
@@ -20176,7 +20226,7 @@ msgid ""
 msgstr ""
 
 #. type: Content of: <book><chapter><section><section><para>
-#: freeculture.xml:14617
+#: freeculture.xml:14646
 msgid ""
 "Today, file sharing is addictive. In ten years, it won't be. It is addictive "
 "today because it is the easiest way to gain access to a broad range of "
@@ -20191,7 +20241,7 @@ msgstr ""
 
 #.  PAGE BREAK 303 
 #. type: Content of: <book><chapter><section><section><para>
-#: freeculture.xml:14629
+#: freeculture.xml:14658
 msgid ""
 "But it will become a reality, and that means the way we get access to the "
 "Internet today is a technology in transition. Policy makers should not make "
@@ -20207,13 +20257,13 @@ msgid ""
 msgstr ""
 
 #. type: Content of: <book><chapter><section><section><indexterm><primary>
-#: freeculture.xml:14643
+#: freeculture.xml:14672
 msgid "cell phones, music streamed over"
 msgstr ""
 
 #.  f8. 
 #. type: Content of: <book><chapter><section><section><para><footnote><para>
-#: freeculture.xml:14663
+#: freeculture.xml:14692
 msgid ""
 "See, for example, <quote>Music Media Watch,</quote> The J@pan "
 "Inc. Newsletter, 3 April 2002, available at <ulink "
@@ -20221,7 +20271,7 @@ msgid ""
 msgstr ""
 
 #. type: Content of: <book><chapter><section><section><para>
-#: freeculture.xml:14645
+#: freeculture.xml:14674
 msgid ""
 "In that world, it will be extremely easy to connect to services that give "
 "you access to content on the fly&mdash;such as Internet radio, content that "
@@ -20243,7 +20293,7 @@ msgstr ""
 
 #.  PAGE BREAK 304 
 #. type: Content of: <book><chapter><section><section><para>
-#: freeculture.xml:14670
+#: freeculture.xml:14699
 msgid ""
 "This point about the future is meant to suggest a perspective on the "
 "present: It is emphatically temporary. The <quote>problem</quote> with file "
@@ -20259,7 +20309,7 @@ msgid ""
 msgstr ""
 
 #. type: Content of: <book><chapter><section><section><para>
-#: freeculture.xml:14686
+#: freeculture.xml:14715
 msgid ""
 "The answer begins with recognizing that there are different "
 "<quote>problems</quote> here to solve. Let's start with type D "
@@ -20273,7 +20323,7 @@ msgid ""
 msgstr ""
 
 #. type: Content of: <book><chapter><section><section><para>
-#: freeculture.xml:14697
+#: freeculture.xml:14726
 msgid ""
 "Type C content raises a different <quote>problem.</quote> This is content "
 "that was, at one time, published and is no longer available. It may be "
@@ -20285,7 +20335,7 @@ msgid ""
 msgstr ""
 
 #. type: Content of: <book><chapter><section><section><para>
-#: freeculture.xml:14708
+#: freeculture.xml:14737
 msgid ""
 "Again, the model here is the used book store. Once a book goes out of print, "
 "it may still be available in libraries and used book stores. But libraries "
@@ -20298,7 +20348,7 @@ msgid ""
 msgstr ""
 
 #. type: Content of: <book><chapter><section><section><para>
-#: freeculture.xml:14718
+#: freeculture.xml:14747
 msgid ""
 "The model of used book stores suggests that the law could simply deem "
 "out-of-print music fair game. If the publisher does not make copies of the "
@@ -20311,7 +20361,7 @@ msgstr ""
 
 #.  PAGE BREAK 305 
 #. type: Content of: <book><chapter><section><section><para>
-#: freeculture.xml:14729
+#: freeculture.xml:14758
 msgid ""
 "Alternatively, the law could create a statutory license that would ensure "
 "that artists get something from the trade of their work. For example, if the "
@@ -20323,7 +20373,7 @@ msgid ""
 msgstr ""
 
 #. type: Content of: <book><chapter><section><section><para>
-#: freeculture.xml:14739
+#: freeculture.xml:14768
 msgid ""
 "This system would also create an incentive for publishers to keep works "
 "available commercially. Works that are available commercially would not be "
@@ -20336,7 +20386,7 @@ msgid ""
 msgstr ""
 
 #. type: Content of: <book><chapter><section><section><para>
-#: freeculture.xml:14749
+#: freeculture.xml:14778
 msgid ""
 "The hard case is content of types A and B, and again, this case is hard only "
 "because the extent of the problem will change over time, as the technologies "
@@ -20347,14 +20397,14 @@ msgid ""
 msgstr ""
 
 #. type: Content of: <book><chapter><section><section><para>
-#: freeculture.xml:14757
+#: freeculture.xml:14786
 msgid ""
 "So here's a solution that will at first seem very strange to both sides in "
 "this war, but which upon reflection, I suggest, should make some sense."
 msgstr ""
 
 #. type: Content of: <book><chapter><section><section><para>
-#: freeculture.xml:14761
+#: freeculture.xml:14790
 msgid ""
 "Stripped of the rhetoric about the sanctity of property, the basic claim of "
 "the content industry is this: A new technology (the Internet)  has harmed a "
@@ -20368,7 +20418,7 @@ msgstr ""
 
 #.  PAGE BREAK 306 
 #. type: Content of: <book><chapter><section><section><para>
-#: freeculture.xml:14772
+#: freeculture.xml:14801
 msgid ""
 "I love the Internet, and so I don't like likening it to tobacco or "
 "asbestos.  But the analogy is a fair one from the perspective of the law.  "
@@ -20379,17 +20429,17 @@ msgid ""
 msgstr ""
 
 #. type: Content of: <book><chapter><section><section><para><footnote><para><indexterm><primary>
-#: freeculture.xml:14779 freeculture.xml:14821
+#: freeculture.xml:14808 freeculture.xml:14850
 msgid "Promises to Keep (Fisher)"
 msgstr ""
 
 #. type: Content of: <book><chapter><section><section><para><footnote><para><indexterm><primary>
-#: freeculture.xml:14819
+#: freeculture.xml:14848
 msgid "Fisher, William"
 msgstr ""
 
 #. type: Content of: <book><chapter><section><section><para><footnote><para>
-#: freeculture.xml:14785
+#: freeculture.xml:14814
 msgid ""
 "<placeholder type=\"indexterm\" id=\"0\"/> William Fisher, "
 "<citetitle>Digital Music: Problems and Possibilities</citetitle> (last "
@@ -20431,7 +20481,7 @@ msgid ""
 msgstr ""
 
 #. type: Content of: <book><chapter><section><section><para>
-#: freeculture.xml:14781
+#: freeculture.xml:14810
 msgid ""
 "The idea would be a modification of a proposal that has been floated by "
 "Harvard law professor William Fisher.<placeholder type=\"footnote\" "
@@ -20446,7 +20496,7 @@ msgid ""
 msgstr ""
 
 #. type: Content of: <book><chapter><section><section><para>
-#: freeculture.xml:14835
+#: freeculture.xml:14864
 msgid ""
 "Fisher's proposal is careful and comprehensive. It raises a million "
 "questions, most of which he answers well in his upcoming book, "
@@ -20464,7 +20514,7 @@ msgstr ""
 
 #.  PAGE BREAK 307 
 #. type: Content of: <book><chapter><section><section><para>
-#: freeculture.xml:14852
+#: freeculture.xml:14881
 msgid ""
 "Fisher would balk at the idea of allowing the system to lapse. His aim is "
 "not just to ensure that artists are paid, but also to ensure that the system "
@@ -20477,17 +20527,17 @@ msgid ""
 msgstr ""
 
 #. type: Content of: <book><chapter><section><section><indexterm><primary>
-#: freeculture.xml:14865
+#: freeculture.xml:14894
 msgid "MusicStore"
 msgstr ""
 
 #. type: Content of: <book><chapter><section><section><indexterm><secondary>
-#: freeculture.xml:14867
+#: freeculture.xml:14896
 msgid "prices of"
 msgstr ""
 
 #. type: Content of: <book><chapter><section><section><para>
-#: freeculture.xml:14869
+#: freeculture.xml:14898
 msgid ""
 "No doubt it would be difficult to calculate the proper measure of "
 "<quote>harm</quote> to an industry. But the difficulty of making that "
@@ -20505,22 +20555,22 @@ msgid ""
 msgstr ""
 
 #. type: Content of: <book><chapter><section><section><indexterm><secondary>
-#: freeculture.xml:14884
+#: freeculture.xml:14913
 msgid "cable vs. broadcast"
 msgstr ""
 
 #. type: Content of: <book><chapter><section><section><indexterm><primary>
-#: freeculture.xml:14887
+#: freeculture.xml:14916
 msgid "film industry"
 msgstr ""
 
 #. type: Content of: <book><chapter><section><section><indexterm><secondary>
-#: freeculture.xml:14887
+#: freeculture.xml:14916
 msgid "luxury theatres vs. video piracy in"
 msgstr ""
 
 #. type: Content of: <book><chapter><section><section><para>
-#: freeculture.xml:14889
+#: freeculture.xml:14918
 msgid ""
 "This competition has already occurred against the background of "
 "<quote>free</quote> music from p2p systems. As the sellers of cable "
@@ -20536,7 +20586,7 @@ msgid ""
 msgstr ""
 
 #. type: Content of: <book><chapter><section><section><para>
-#: freeculture.xml:14901
+#: freeculture.xml:14930
 msgid ""
 "This regime of competition, with a backstop to assure that artists don't "
 "lose, would facilitate a great deal of innovation in the delivery of "
@@ -20547,13 +20597,13 @@ msgid ""
 msgstr ""
 
 #. type: Content of: <book><chapter><section><section><para>
-#: freeculture.xml:14910
+#: freeculture.xml:14939
 msgid "In summary, then, my proposal is this:"
 msgstr ""
 
 #.  PAGE BREAK 308 
 #. type: Content of: <book><chapter><section><section><para>
-#: freeculture.xml:14915
+#: freeculture.xml:14944
 msgid ""
 "The Internet is in transition. We should not be regulating a technology in "
 "transition. We should instead be regulating to minimize the harm to "
@@ -20562,19 +20612,19 @@ msgid ""
 msgstr ""
 
 #. type: Content of: <book><chapter><section><section><para>
-#: freeculture.xml:14922
+#: freeculture.xml:14951
 msgid "We can minimize that harm while maximizing the benefit to innovation by"
 msgstr ""
 
 #.  1. 
 #. type: Content of: <book><chapter><section><section><orderedlist><listitem><para>
-#: freeculture.xml:14928
+#: freeculture.xml:14957
 msgid "guaranteeing the right to engage in type D sharing;"
 msgstr ""
 
 #.  2. 
 #. type: Content of: <book><chapter><section><section><orderedlist><listitem><para>
-#: freeculture.xml:14932
+#: freeculture.xml:14961
 msgid ""
 "permitting noncommercial type C sharing without liability, and commercial "
 "type C sharing at a low and fixed rate set by statute;"
@@ -20582,14 +20632,14 @@ msgstr ""
 
 #.  3. 
 #. type: Content of: <book><chapter><section><section><orderedlist><listitem><para>
-#: freeculture.xml:14938
+#: freeculture.xml:14967
 msgid ""
 "while in this transition, taxing and compensating for type A sharing, to the "
 "extent actual harm is demonstrated."
 msgstr ""
 
 #. type: Content of: <book><chapter><section><section><para>
-#: freeculture.xml:14943
+#: freeculture.xml:14972
 msgid ""
 "But what if <quote>piracy</quote> doesn't disappear? What if there is a "
 "competitive market providing content at a low cost, but a significant number "
@@ -20598,7 +20648,7 @@ msgid ""
 msgstr ""
 
 #. type: Content of: <book><chapter><section><section><para>
-#: freeculture.xml:14949
+#: freeculture.xml:14978
 msgid ""
 "Yes, it should. But, again, what it should do depends upon how the facts "
 "develop. These changes may not eliminate type A sharing. But the real issue "
@@ -20615,7 +20665,7 @@ msgstr ""
 
 #.  PAGE BREAK 309 
 #. type: Content of: <book><chapter><section><section><para>
-#: freeculture.xml:14963
+#: freeculture.xml:14992
 msgid ""
 "But we're a long way away from whittling the problem down to this subset of "
 "type A sharers. And our focus until we're there should not be on finding "
@@ -20625,12 +20675,12 @@ msgid ""
 msgstr ""
 
 #. type: Content of: <book><chapter><section><section><title>
-#: freeculture.xml:14974
+#: freeculture.xml:15003
 msgid "5. Fire Lots of Lawyers"
 msgstr ""
 
 #. type: Content of: <book><chapter><section><section><para>
-#: freeculture.xml:14976
+#: freeculture.xml:15005
 msgid ""
 "I'm a lawyer. I make lawyers for a living. I believe in the law. I believe "
 "in the law of copyright. Indeed, I have devoted my life to working in law, "
@@ -20639,7 +20689,7 @@ msgid ""
 msgstr ""
 
 #. type: Content of: <book><chapter><section><section><para>
-#: freeculture.xml:14982
+#: freeculture.xml:15011
 msgid ""
 "Yet much of this book has been a criticism of lawyers, or the role lawyers "
 "have played in this debate. The law speaks to ideals, but it is my view that "
@@ -20649,23 +20699,23 @@ msgid ""
 msgstr ""
 
 #. type: Content of: <book><chapter><section><section><indexterm><primary>
-#: freeculture.xml:14989
+#: freeculture.xml:15018
 msgid "Nimmer, Melville"
 msgstr ""
 
 #. type: Content of: <book><chapter><section><section><indexterm><primary>
-#: freeculture.xml:14990
+#: freeculture.xml:15019
 msgid "Sonny Bono Copyright Term Extension Act (CTEA) (1998)"
 msgstr ""
 
 #. type: Content of: <book><chapter><section><section><indexterm><secondary>
-#: freeculture.xml:14990
+#: freeculture.xml:15019
 msgid "Supreme Court challenge of"
 msgstr ""
 
 #.  f10. 
 #. type: Content of: <book><chapter><section><section><para><footnote><para>
-#: freeculture.xml:15001
+#: freeculture.xml:15030
 msgid ""
 "Lawrence Lessig, <quote>Copyright's First Amendment</quote> (Melville "
 "B. Nimmer Memorial Lecture), <citetitle>UCLA Law Review</citetitle> 48 "
@@ -20673,7 +20723,7 @@ msgid ""
 msgstr ""
 
 #. type: Content of: <book><chapter><section><section><para>
-#: freeculture.xml:14992
+#: freeculture.xml:15021
 msgid ""
 "The evidence of this bending is compelling. I'm attacked as a "
 "<quote>radical</quote> by many within the profession, yet the positions that "
@@ -20686,7 +20736,7 @@ msgid ""
 msgstr ""
 
 #. type: Content of: <book><chapter><section><section><para>
-#: freeculture.xml:15007
+#: freeculture.xml:15036
 msgid ""
 "However, my criticism of the role that lawyers have played in this debate is "
 "not just about a professional bias. It is more importantly about our failure "
@@ -20694,7 +20744,7 @@ msgid ""
 msgstr ""
 
 #. type: Content of: <book><chapter><section><section><para><footnote><para>
-#: freeculture.xml:15017
+#: freeculture.xml:15046
 msgid ""
 "A good example is the work of Professor Stan Liebowitz. Liebowitz is to be "
 "commended for his careful review of data about infringement, leading him to "
@@ -20714,7 +20764,7 @@ msgid ""
 msgstr ""
 
 #. type: Content of: <book><chapter><section><section><para>
-#: freeculture.xml:15012
+#: freeculture.xml:15041
 msgid ""
 "Economists are supposed to be good at reckoning costs and benefits.  But "
 "more often than not, economists, with no clue about how the legal system "
@@ -20726,7 +20776,7 @@ msgstr ""
 
 #.  PAGE BREAK 310 
 #. type: Content of: <book><chapter><section><section><para>
-#: freeculture.xml:15041
+#: freeculture.xml:15070
 msgid ""
 "But the legal system doesn't work. Or more accurately, it doesn't work for "
 "anyone except those with the most resources. Not because the system is "
@@ -20736,7 +20786,7 @@ msgid ""
 msgstr ""
 
 #. type: Content of: <book><chapter><section><section><para>
-#: freeculture.xml:15049
+#: freeculture.xml:15078
 msgid ""
 "These costs distort free culture in many ways. A lawyer's time is billed at "
 "the largest firms at more than $400 per hour. How much time should such a "
@@ -20749,7 +20799,7 @@ msgid ""
 msgstr ""
 
 #. type: Content of: <book><chapter><section><section><para>
-#: freeculture.xml:15059
+#: freeculture.xml:15088
 msgid ""
 "The costliness and clumsiness and randomness of this system mock our "
 "tradition. And lawyers, as well as academics, should consider it their duty "
@@ -20760,7 +20810,7 @@ msgid ""
 msgstr ""
 
 #. type: Content of: <book><chapter><section><section><para>
-#: freeculture.xml:15067
+#: freeculture.xml:15096
 msgid ""
 "But until that reform is complete, we as a society should keep the law away "
 "from areas that we know it will only harm. And that is precisely what the "
@@ -20768,7 +20818,7 @@ msgid ""
 msgstr ""
 
 #. type: Content of: <book><chapter><section><section><para>
-#: freeculture.xml:15074
+#: freeculture.xml:15103
 msgid ""
 "Think about the amazing things your kid could do or make with digital "
 "technology&mdash;the film, the music, the Web page, the blog. Or think about "
@@ -20781,7 +20831,7 @@ msgstr ""
 
 #.  PAGE BREAK 311
 #. type: Content of: <book><chapter><section><section><para>
-#: freeculture.xml:15083
+#: freeculture.xml:15112
 msgid ""
 "The law should regulate in certain areas of culture&mdash;but it should "
 "regulate culture only where that regulation does good. Yet lawyers rarely "
@@ -20791,7 +20841,7 @@ msgid ""
 msgstr ""
 
 #. type: Content of: <book><chapter><section><section><para>
-#: freeculture.xml:15092
+#: freeculture.xml:15121
 msgid ""
 "We should ask, <quote>Why?</quote> Show me why your regulation of culture is "
 "needed. Show me how it does good. And until you can show me both, keep your "
@@ -20799,12 +20849,12 @@ msgid ""
 msgstr ""
 
 #. type: Content of: <book><chapter><title>
-#: freeculture.xml:15101
+#: freeculture.xml:15130
 msgid "NOTES"
 msgstr ""
 
 #. type: Content of: <book><chapter><para>
-#: freeculture.xml:15103
+#: freeculture.xml:15132
 msgid ""
 "Throughout this text, there are references to links on the World Wide "
 "Web. As anyone who has tried to use the Web knows, these links can be highly "
@@ -20818,12 +20868,12 @@ msgid ""
 msgstr ""
 
 #. type: Content of: <book><chapter><title>
-#: freeculture.xml:15122
+#: freeculture.xml:15151
 msgid "ACKNOWLEDGMENTS"
 msgstr ""
 
 #. type: Content of: <book><chapter><para>
-#: freeculture.xml:15124
+#: freeculture.xml:15153
 msgid ""
 "This book is the product of a long and as yet unsuccessful struggle that "
 "began when I read of Eric Eldred's war to keep books free. Eldred's work "
@@ -20832,7 +20882,7 @@ msgid ""
 msgstr ""
 
 #. type: Content of: <book><chapter><para>
-#: freeculture.xml:15131
+#: freeculture.xml:15160
 msgid ""
 "I received guidance in various places from friends and academics, including "
 "Glenn Brown, Peter DiCola, Jennifer Mnookin, Richard Posner, Mark Rose, and "
@@ -20848,7 +20898,7 @@ msgstr ""
 
 #. PAGE BREAK 337
 #. type: Content of: <book><chapter><para>
-#: freeculture.xml:15144
+#: freeculture.xml:15173
 msgid ""
 "Yuko Noguchi helped me to understand the laws of Japan as well as its "
 "culture. I am thankful to her, and to the many in Japan who helped me "
@@ -20861,7 +20911,7 @@ msgid ""
 msgstr ""
 
 #. type: Content of: <book><chapter><para>
-#: freeculture.xml:15155
+#: freeculture.xml:15184
 msgid ""
 "These are the traditional sorts of help that academics regularly draw "
 "upon. But in addition to them, the Internet has made it possible to receive "
@@ -20883,7 +20933,7 @@ msgid ""
 msgstr ""
 
 #. type: Content of: <book><chapter><para>
-#: freeculture.xml:15175
+#: freeculture.xml:15204
 msgid ""
 "Richard Stallman and Michael Carroll each read the whole book in draft, and "
 "each provided extremely helpful correction and advice.  Michael helped me to "
@@ -20894,7 +20944,7 @@ msgid ""
 msgstr ""
 
 #. type: Content of: <book><chapter><para>
-#: freeculture.xml:15184
+#: freeculture.xml:15213
 msgid ""
 "Finally, and forever, I am thankful to Bettina, who has always insisted that "
 "there would be unending happiness away from these battles, and who has "

diff --git a/freeculture.xml b/freeculture.xml
index defce763731ca5c530b2dc2894274e99c3f742f6..8ab41188ba80b85518b1946d4c3abf2d618cd964 100644 (file)
--- a/freeculture.xml
+++ b/freeculture.xml
@@ -12787,8 +12787,11 @@ controlled by this dead (and often unfindable) hand of the past.
 <chapter label="15" id="c-conclusion">
 <title>CONCLUSION</title>
 <indexterm id='idxafricamedicationsforhivpatientsin' class='startofrange'><primary>Africa, medications for HIV patients in</primary></indexterm>
-<indexterm id='idxhivaidstherapies' class='startofrange'><primary>HIV/AIDS therapies</primary></indexterm>
+<indexterm id='idxaidsmedications' class='startofrange'><primary>AIDS medications</primary></indexterm>
 <indexterm id='idxantiretroviraldrugs' class='startofrange'><primary>antiretroviral drugs</primary></indexterm>
+<indexterm id='idxdevelopingcountriesforeignpatentcostsin2' class='startofrange'><primary>developing countries, foreign patent costs in</primary></indexterm>
+<indexterm id='idxdrugspharmaceutical' class='startofrange'><primary>drugs</primary><secondary>pharmaceutical</secondary></indexterm>
+<indexterm id='idxhivaidstherapies' class='startofrange'><primary>HIV/AIDS therapies</primary></indexterm>
 <para>
 <emphasis role='strong'>There are more</emphasis> than 35 million
 people with the AIDS virus worldwide. Twenty-five million of them live
@@ -12821,6 +12824,8 @@ issued 9 July 2002, only 230,000 of the 6 million who need drugs in
 the developing world receive them&mdash;and half of them are in Brazil.
 </para></footnote>
 </para>
+<indexterm id='idxpatentsonpharmaceuticals' class='startofrange'><primary>patents</primary><secondary>on pharmaceuticals</secondary></indexterm>
+<indexterm id='idxpharmaceuticalpatents' class='startofrange'><primary>pharmaceutical patents</primary></indexterm>
 <para>
 <!-- PAGE BREAK 265 -->
 These prices are not high because the ingredients of the drugs are
@@ -12973,6 +12978,7 @@ idea?  What possible justification could there ever be for a policy
 that results in so many deaths? What exactly is the insanity that
 would allow so many to die for such an abstraction?
 </para>
+<indexterm id='idxcorporationsinpharmaceuticalindustry' class='startofrange'><primary>corporations</primary><secondary>in pharmaceutical industry</secondary></indexterm>
 <para>
 Some blame the drug companies. I don't. They are corporations.
 Their managers are ordered by law to make money for the corporation.
@@ -12989,6 +12995,7 @@ elsewhere.  There are issues they'd have to resolve to make sure the
 drugs didn't get back into the United States, but those are mere
 problems of technology.  They could be overcome.
 </para>
+<indexterm id='idxintellectualpropertyrightsofdrugpatents' class='startofrange'><primary>intellectual property rights</primary><secondary>of drug patents</secondary></indexterm>
 <para>
 A different problem, however, could not be overcome. This is the
 fear of the grandstanding politician who would call the presidents of
@@ -13004,6 +13011,13 @@ unintended consequence that perhaps millions die. And that rational
 strategy thus becomes framed in terms of this ideal&mdash;the sanctity of an
 idea called <quote>intellectual property.</quote>
 </para>
+<indexterm startref='idxafricamedicationsforhivpatientsin' class='endofrange'/>
+<indexterm startref='idxaidsmedications' class='endofrange'/>
+<indexterm startref='idxantiretroviraldrugs' class='endofrange'/>
+<indexterm startref='idxdevelopingcountriesforeignpatentcostsin2' class='endofrange'/>
+<indexterm startref='idxdrugspharmaceutical' class='endofrange'/>
+<indexterm startref='idxhivaidstherapies' class='endofrange'/>
+<indexterm startref='idxcorporationsinpharmaceuticalindustry' class='endofrange'/>
 <para>
 So when the common sense of your child confronts you, what will
 you say? When the common sense of a generation finally revolts
@@ -13022,6 +13036,8 @@ in any case. A sensible policy, in other words, could be a balanced
 policy. For most of our history, both copyright and patent policies
 were balanced in just this sense.
 </para>
+<indexterm startref='idxpatentsonpharmaceuticals' class='endofrange'/>
+<indexterm startref='idxpharmaceuticalpatents' class='endofrange'/>
 <indexterm startref='idxinternationallaw2' class='endofrange'/>
 <para>
 But we as a culture have lost this sense of balance. We have lost the
@@ -13031,9 +13047,7 @@ our tradition, now reigns in this culture&mdash;bizarrely, and with
 consequences more grave to the spread of ideas and culture than almost
 any other single policy decision that we as a democracy will make.
 </para>
-<indexterm startref='idxafricamedicationsforhivpatientsin' class='endofrange'/>
-<indexterm startref='idxhivaidstherapies' class='endofrange'/>
-<indexterm startref='idxantiretroviraldrugs' class='endofrange'/>
+<indexterm startref='idxintellectualpropertyrightsofdrugpatents' class='endofrange'/>
 <para>
 <emphasis role='strong'>A simple idea</emphasis> blinds us, and under
 the cover of darkness, much happens that most of us would reject if
@@ -13118,6 +13132,7 @@ intellectual property extremism. Instead, in all of them, intellectual
 property was balanced by agreements to keep access open or to impose
 limitations on the way in which proprietary claims might be used.
 </para>
+<indexterm id='idxlessiglawrenceininternationaldebateonintellectualproperty' class='startofrange'><primary>Lessig, Lawrence</primary><secondary>in international debate on intellectual property</secondary></indexterm>
 <para>
 From the perspective of this book, then, the conference was ideal.<footnote><para>
 <!-- f7. --> I should disclose that I was one of the people who asked WIPO for the
@@ -13163,7 +13178,9 @@ public goods</quote> seemed perfectly appropriate within the WIPO agenda.
 <indexterm startref='idxintellectualpropertyrightsinternationalorganizationonissuesof' class='endofrange'/>
 <indexterm startref='idxworldintellectualpropertyorganizationwipo' class='endofrange'/>
 <indexterm startref='idxworldsummitontheinformationsocietywsis' class='endofrange'/>
+<indexterm id='idxfreesoftwareopensourcesoftwarefsoss' class='startofrange'><primary>free software/open-source software (FS/OSS)</primary></indexterm>
 <indexterm><primary>Apple Corporation</primary></indexterm>
+<indexterm id='idxmicrosoftonfreesoftware' class='startofrange'><primary>Microsoft</primary><secondary>on free software</secondary></indexterm>
 <para>
 But there is one project within that list that is highly
 controversial, at least among lobbyists. That project is <quote>open source
@@ -13208,6 +13225,7 @@ May 2001), available at
 <ulink url="http://free-culture.cc/notes/">link #63</ulink>.
 </para></footnote>
 </para>
+<indexterm startref='idxlessiglawrenceininternationaldebateonintellectualproperty' class='endofrange'/>
 <indexterm><primary>General Public License (GPL)</primary></indexterm>
 <indexterm><primary>GPL (General Public License)</primary></indexterm>
 <para>
@@ -13228,7 +13246,9 @@ software. If copyright did not govern software, then free software
 could not impose the same kind of requirements on its adopters. It
 thus depends upon copyright law just as Microsoft does.
 </para>
-<indexterm><primary>Krim, Jonathan</primary></indexterm>
+<indexterm id='idxintellectualpropertyrightsinternationalorganizationonissuesof2' class='startofrange'><primary>intellectual property rights</primary><secondary>international organization on issues of</secondary></indexterm>
+<indexterm id='idxworldintellectualpropertyorganizationwipo2' class='startofrange'><primary>World Intellectual Property Organization (WIPO)</primary></indexterm>
+<indexterm id='idxkrimjonathan' class='startofrange'><primary>Krim, Jonathan</primary></indexterm>
 <indexterm><primary>Microsoft</primary><secondary>WIPO meeting opposed by</secondary></indexterm>
 <para>
 It is therefore understandable that as a proprietary software
@@ -13252,6 +13272,7 @@ its lobbying here, and nothing terribly surprising about the most
 powerful software producer in the United States having succeeded in
 its lobbying efforts.
 </para>
+<indexterm startref='idxmicrosoftonfreesoftware' class='endofrange'/>
 <indexterm><primary>Boland, Lois</primary></indexterm>
 <para>
 What was surprising was the United States government's reason for
@@ -13263,9 +13284,11 @@ She is quoted as saying, <quote>To hold a meeting which has as its purpose
 to disclaim or waive such rights seems to us to be contrary to the
 goals of WIPO.</quote>
 </para>
+<indexterm startref='idxkrimjonathan' class='endofrange'/>
 <para>
 These statements are astonishing on a number of levels.
 </para>
+<indexterm startref='idxfreesoftwareopensourcesoftwarefsoss' class='endofrange'/>
 <!-- PAGE BREAK 273 -->
 <para>
 First, they are just flat wrong. As I described, most open source and
@@ -13321,6 +13344,8 @@ WIPO is not just that intellectual property rights be maximized, but
 that they also should be exercised in the most extreme and restrictive
 way possible.
 </para>
+<indexterm id='idxfeudalsystem' class='startofrange'><primary>feudal system</primary></indexterm>
+<indexterm id='idxpropertyrightsfeudalsystemof' class='startofrange'><primary>property rights</primary><secondary>feudal system of</secondary></indexterm>
 <para>
 There is a history of just such a property system that is well known
 in the Anglo-American tradition. It is called <quote>feudalism.</quote> Under
@@ -13347,6 +13372,8 @@ choice now is whether that information society will be
 <emphasis>free</emphasis> or <emphasis>feudal</emphasis>. The trend is
 toward the feudal.
 </para>
+<indexterm startref='idxfeudalsystem' class='endofrange'/>
+<indexterm startref='idxpropertyrightsfeudalsystemof' class='endofrange'/>
 <para>
 When this battle broke, I blogged it. A spirited debate within the
 comment section ensued. Ms. Boland had a number of supporters who
@@ -13354,6 +13381,8 @@ tried to show why her comments made sense. But there was one comment
 that was particularly depressing for me. An anonymous poster wrote,
 </para>
 <blockquote>
+<indexterm startref='idxintellectualpropertyrightsinternationalorganizationonissuesof2' class='endofrange'/>
+<indexterm startref='idxworldintellectualpropertyorganizationwipo2' class='endofrange'/>
 <para>
 George, you misunderstand Lessig: He's only talking about the world as
 it should be (<quote>the goal of WIPO, and the goal of any government,