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+hey\@cadb.dk
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# Dedication {-}
-> “I don’t know a whole lot about nonfiction journalism. . .
-> The way that I think about these things, and in terms of what I can do
-> is. . . essays like this are occasions to watch somebody reasonably
-> bright but also reasonably average pay far closer attention and think at
-> far more length about all sorts of different stuff than most of us have
-> a chance to in our daily lives.”
->
->
->
+"I don't know a whole lot about nonfiction journalism. . .
+The way that I think about these things, and in terms of what I can do
+is. . . essays like this are occasions to watch somebody reasonably
+bright but also reasonably average pay far closer attention and think at
+far more length about all sorts of different stuff than most of us have
+a chance to in our daily lives."
+
+
+
> — *David Foster Wallace*
# Foreword
Three years ago, just after I was hired as CEO of Creative Commons, I
-met with Cory Doctorow in the hotel bar of Toronto’s Gladstone Hotel. As
-one of CC’s most well-known proponents—one who has also had a successful
-career as a writer who shares his work using CC—I told him I thought CC
-had a role in defining and advancing open business models. He kindly
-disagreed, and called the pursuit of viable business models through CC
-“a red herring.”
-
-He was, in a way, completely correct—those who make things with Creative
-Commons have ulterior motives, as Paul Stacey explains in this book:
-“Regardless of legal status, they all have a social mission. Their
+met with Cory Doctorow in the hotel bar of Toronto's Gladstone Hotel. As
+one of CC's most well-known proponents---one who has also had a
+successful career as a writer who shares his work using CC---I told him
+I thought CC had a role in defining and advancing open business models.
+He kindly disagreed, and called the pursuit of viable business models
+through CC "a red herring."
+
+He was, in a way, completely correct---those who make things with
+Creative Commons have ulterior motives, as Paul Stacey explains in this
+book: "Regardless of legal status, they all have a social mission. Their
primary reason for being is to make the world a better place, not to
-profit. Money is a means to a social end, not the end itself.”
+profit. Money is a means to a social end, not the end itself."
In the case study about Cory Doctorow, Sarah Hinchliff Pearson cites
-Cory’s words from his book Information Doesn’t Want to Be Free:
-“Entering the arts because you want to get rich is like buying lottery
+Cory's words from his book Information Doesn't Want to Be Free:
+"Entering the arts because you want to get rich is like buying lottery
tickets because you want to get rich. It might work, but it almost
-certainly won’t. Though, of course, someone always wins the lottery.”
+certainly won't. Though, of course, someone always wins the lottery."
-Today, copyright is like a lottery ticket—everyone has one, and almost
-nobody wins. What they don’t tell you is that if you choose to share
+Today, copyright is like a lottery ticket---everyone has one, and almost
+nobody wins. What they don't tell you is that if you choose to share
your work, the returns can be significant and long-lasting. This book is
filled with stories of those who take much greater risks than the two
dollars we pay for a lottery ticket, and instead reap the rewards that
come from pursuing their passions and living their values.
-So it’s not about the money. Also: it is. Finding the means to continue
+So it's not about the money. Also: it is. Finding the means to continue
to create and share often requires some amount of income. Max Temkin of
-Cards Against Humanity says it best in their case study: “We don’t make
-jokes and games to make money—we make money so we can make more jokes
-and games.”
+Cards Against Humanity says it best in their case study: "We don't make
+jokes and games to make money---we make money so we can make more jokes
+and games."
-Creative Commons’ focus is on building a vibrant, usable commons,
+Creative Commons' focus is on building a vibrant, usable commons,
powered by collaboration and gratitude. Enabling communities of
collaboration is at the heart of our strategy. With that in mind,
Creative Commons began this book project. Led by Paul and Sarah, the
Paul dreams of a future where new models of creativity and innovation
overpower the inequality and scarcity that today define the worst parts
of capitalism. He is driven by the power of human connections between
-communities of creators. He takes a longer view than most, and it’s made
+communities of creators. He takes a longer view than most, and it's made
him a better educator, an insightful researcher, and also a skilled
gardener. He has a calm, cool voice that conveys a passion that inspires
his colleagues and community.
-Sarah is the best kind of lawyer—a true advocate who believes in the
+Sarah is the best kind of lawyer---a true advocate who believes in the
good of people, and the power of collective acts to change the world.
-Over the past year I’ve seen Sarah struggle with the heartbreak that
-comes from investing so much into a political campaign that didn’t end
-as she’d hoped. Today, she’s more determined than ever to live with her
+Over the past year I've seen Sarah struggle with the heartbreak that
+comes from investing so much into a political campaign that didn't end
+as she'd hoped. Today, she's more determined than ever to live with her
values right out on her sleeve. I can always count on Sarah to push
-Creative Commons to focus on our impact—to make the main thing the main
-thing. She’s practical, detail-oriented, and clever. There’s no one on
-my team that I enjoy debating more.
+Creative Commons to focus on our impact---to make the main thing the
+main thing. She's practical, detail-oriented, and clever. There's no one
+on my team that I enjoy debating more.
As coauthors, Paul and Sarah complement each other perfectly. They
researched, analyzed, argued, and worked as a team, sometimes together
with passion and curiosity, and a deep respect for what goes into
building the commons and sharing with the world. They remained open to
new ideas, including the possibility that their initial theories would
-need refinement or might be completely wrong. That’s courageous, and it
+need refinement or might be completely wrong. That's courageous, and it
has made for a better book that is insightful, honest, and useful.
From the beginning, CC wanted to develop this project with the
For 31 days in August of 2015, Sarah took point to organize and execute
a Kickstarter campaign to generate the core funding for the book. The
-remainder was provided by CC’s generous donors and supporters. In the
+remainder was provided by CC's generous donors and supporters. In the
end, it became one of the most successful book projects on Kickstarter,
-smashing through two stretch goals and engaging over 1,600 donors—the
+smashing through two stretch goals and engaging over 1,600 donors---the
majority of them new supporters of Creative Commons.
Paul and Sarah worked openly throughout the project, publishing the
and community as a key value, and because the CC licenses have helped so
many to share in the ways that they choose with a global audience.
-Sarah writes, “Endeavors that are Made with Creative Commons thrive when
+Sarah writes, "Endeavors that are Made with Creative Commons thrive when
community is built around what they do. This may mean a community
collaborating together to create something new, or it may simply be a
collection of like-minded people who get to know each other and rally
around common interests or beliefs. To a certain extent, simply being
Made with Creative Commons automatically brings with it some element of
community, by helping connect you to like-minded others who recognize
-and are drawn to the values symbolized by using CC.” Amanda Palmer, the
+and are drawn to the values symbolized by using CC." Amanda Palmer, the
other musician profiled in the book, would surely add this from her case
-study: “There is no more satisfying end goal than having someone tell
-you that what you do is genuinely of value to them.”
+study: "There is no more satisfying end goal than having someone tell
+you that what you do is genuinely of value to them."
This is not a typical business book. For those looking for a recipe or a
roadmap, you might be disappointed. But for those looking to pursue a
social end, to build something great through collaboration, or to join a
-powerful and growing global community, they’re sure to be satisfied.
+powerful and growing global community, they're sure to be satisfied.
Made with Creative Commons offers a world-changing set of clearly
articulated values and principles, some essential tools for exploring
your own business opportunities, and two dozen doses of pure
inspiration.
-In a 1996 Stanford Law Review article “The Zones of Cyberspace”, CC
-founder Lawrence Lessig wrote, “Cyberspace is a place. People live
+In a 1996 Stanford Law Review article "The Zones of Cyberspace", CC
+founder Lawrence Lessig wrote, "Cyberspace is a place. People live
there. They experience all the sorts of things that they experience in
real space, there. For some, they experience more. They experience this
not as isolated individuals, playing some high tech computer game; they
experience it in groups, in communities, among strangers, among people
-they come to know, and sometimes like.”
+they come to know, and sometimes like."
-I’m incredibly proud that Creative Commons is able to publish this book
-for the many communities that we have come to know and like. I’m
+I'm incredibly proud that Creative Commons is able to publish this book
+for the many communities that we have come to know and like. I'm
grateful to Paul and Sarah for their creativity and insights, and to the
global communities that have helped us bring it to you. As CC board
-member Johnathan Nightingale often says, “It’s all made of people.”
+member Johnathan Nightingale often says, "It's all made of people."
-That’s the true value of things that are Made with Creative Commons.
+That's the true value of things that are Made with Creative Commons.
*Ryan Merkley*
# Introduction
-This book shows the world how sharing can be good for business—but with
-a twist.
+This book shows the world how sharing can be good for business---but
+with a twist.
We began the project intending to explore how creators, organizations,
and businesses make money to sustain what they do when they share their
fresh ideas and dynamic examples that spark new, innovative models and
help others follow suit by building on what already works. At the onset,
we framed our investigation in familiar business terms. We created a
-blank “open business model canvas,” an interactive online tool that
+blank "open business model canvas," an interactive online tool that
would help people design and analyze their business model.
Through the generous funding of Kickstarter backers, we set about this
project first by identifying and selecting a diverse group of creators,
organizations, and businesses who use Creative Commons in an integral
-way—what we call being Made with Creative Commons. We interviewed them
+way---what we call being Made with Creative Commons. We interviewed them
and wrote up their stories. We analyzed what we heard and dug deep into
the literature.
community around the works being shared, and generating revenue not for
unlimited growth but to sustain the operation.
-They often didn’t like hearing what they do described as an open
+They often didn't like hearing what they do described as an open
business model. Their endeavor was something more than that. Something
different. Something that generates not just economic value but social
and cultural value. Something that involves human connection. Being Made
-with Creative Commons is not “business as usual.”
+with Creative Commons is not "business as usual."
-We had to rethink the way we conceived of this project. And it didn’t
+We had to rethink the way we conceived of this project. And it didn't
happen overnight. From the fall of 2015 through 2016, we documented our
thoughts in blog posts on Medium and with regular updates to our
Kickstarter backers. We shared drafts of case studies and analysis with
each other has been one of the great joys of this work, and, we hope,
something that has made the final product much richer than it ever could
have been if either of us undertook this project alone. We have
-preserved our voices throughout, and you’ll be able to sense our
+preserved our voices throughout, and you'll be able to sense our
different but complementary approaches as you read through our different
sections.
Part one, the overview, begins with a big-picture framework written by
Paul. He provides some historical context for the digital commons,
describing the three ways society has managed resources and shared
-wealth—the commons, the market, and the state. He advocates for thinking
-beyond business and market terms and eloquently makes the case for
-sharing and enlarging the digital commons.
+wealth---the commons, the market, and the state. He advocates for
+thinking beyond business and market terms and eloquently makes the case
+for sharing and enlarging the digital commons.
-The overview continues with Sarah’s chapter, as she considers what it
+The overview continues with Sarah's chapter, as she considers what it
means to be successfully Made with Creative Commons. While making money
is one piece of the pie, there is also a set of public-minded values and
the kind of human connections that make sharing truly meaningful. This
And to end part one, we have a short section that explains the different
Creative Commons licenses. We talk about the misconception that the more
-restrictive licenses—the ones that are closest to the
-all-rights-reserved model of traditional copyright—are the only ways to
-make money.
+restrictive licenses---the ones that are closest to the
+all-rights-reserved model of traditional copyright---are the only ways
+to make money.
Part two of the book is made up of the twenty-four stories of the
creators, businesses, and organizations we interviewed. While both of us
Paul Stacey
-Jonathan Rowe eloquently describes the commons as “the air and oceans,
-the web of species, wilderness and flowing water—all are parts of the
+Jonathan Rowe eloquently describes the commons as "the air and oceans,
+the web of species, wilderness and flowing water---all are parts of the
commons. So are language and knowledge, sidewalks and public squares,
the stories of childhood and the processes of democracy. Some parts of
the commons are gifts of nature, others the product of human endeavor.
Some are new, such as the Internet; others are as ancient as soil and
-calligraphy.”[^The-New-World-of-Digital-Commons-1]
+calligraphy."[^The-New-World-of-Digital-Commons-1]
In Made with Creative Commons, we focus on our current era of digital
commons, a commons of human-produced works. This commons cuts across a
organizations, and businesses we profile in our case studies use
Creative Commons to share their resources online over the Internet.
-The commons is not just about shared resources, however. It’s also about
+The commons is not just about shared resources, however. It's also about
the social practices and values that manage them. A resource is a noun,
-but to common—to put the resource into the commons—is a verb.[^The-New-World-of-Digital-Commons-2] The
+but to common---to put the resource into the commons---is a verb.[^The-New-World-of-Digital-Commons-2] The
creators, organizations, and businesses we profile are all engaged with
commoning. Their use of Creative Commons involves them in the social
practice of commoning, managing resources in a collective manner with a
Historically, there have been three ways to manage resources and share
wealth: the commons (managed collectively), the state (i.e., the
-government), and the market—with the last two being the dominant forms
+government), and the market---with the last two being the dominant forms
today.[^The-New-World-of-Digital-Commons-4]
The organizations and businesses in our case studies are unique in the
{width="100%"
}
-It’s helpful to understand how the commons, market, and state manage
+It's helpful to understand how the commons, market, and state manage
resources differently, and not just for those who consider themselves
primarily as a commons. For businesses or governmental organizations who
want to engage in and use the commons, knowing how the commons operates
### The Four Aspects of a Resource
-As part of her Nobel Prize–winning work, Elinor Ostrom developed a
+As part of her Nobel Prize--winning work, Elinor Ostrom developed a
framework for analyzing how natural resources are managed in a commons.[^The-New-World-of-Digital-Commons-6]
Her framework considered things like the biophysical characteristics of
-common resources, the community’s actors and the interactions that take
+common resources, the community's actors and the interactions that take
place between them, rules-in-use, and outcomes. That framework has been
simplified and generalized to apply to the commons, the market, and the
state for this chapter.
To compare and contrast the ways in which the commons, market, and state
-work, let’s consider four aspects of resource management: resource
+work, let's consider four aspects of resource management: resource
characteristics, the people involved and the process they use, the norms
and rules they develop to govern use, and finally actual resource use
along with outcomes of that use (see Fig. 2).
Resources have particular characteristics or attributes that affect the
way they can be used. Some resources are natural; others are human
-produced. And—significantly for today’s commons—resources can be
-physical or digital, which affects a resource’s inherent potential.
+produced. And---significantly for today's commons---resources can be
+physical or digital, which affects a resource's inherent potential.
Physical resources exist in limited supply. If I have a physical
resource and give it to you, I no longer have it. When a resource is
Beyond this idea of physical versus digital, the commons, market, and
state conceive of resources differently (see Fig. 3). The market sees
-resources as private goods—commodities for sale—from which value is
+resources as private goods---commodities for sale---from which value is
extracted. The state sees resources as public goods that provide value
to state citizens. The commons sees resources as common goods, providing
a common wealth extending beyond state boundaries, to be passed on in
resources can put them in the commons by personal choice. No permission
from state or market is required. Anyone can participate in the commons
and determine for themselves the extent to which they want to be
-involved—as a contributor, user, or manager. The people involved include
-not only those who create and use resources but those affected by
-outcome of use. Who you are affects your say, actions you can take, and
-extent of decision making. In the commons, the community as a whole
+involved---as a contributor, user, or manager. The people involved
+include not only those who create and use resources but those affected
+by outcome of use. Who you are affects your say, actions you can take,
+and extent of decision making. In the commons, the community as a whole
manages the resources. Resources put into the commons using Creative
Commons require users to give the original creator credit. Knowing the
person behind a resource makes the commons less anonymous and more
#### Goals
-The combination of the aspects we’ve discussed so far—the resource’s
+The combination of the aspects we've discussed so far---the resource's
inherent characteristics, people and processes, and norms and
-rules—shape how resources are used. Use is also influenced by the
+rules---shape how resources are used. Use is also influenced by the
different goals the state, market, and commons have.
In the market, the focus is on maximizing the utility of a resource.
But the more than 1.1 billion resources licensed with Creative Commons
around the world are indications of a grassroots move toward the
commons. The commons is making a resurgence. To understand the
-resilience of the commons and its current renewal, it’s helpful to know
+resilience of the commons and its current renewal, it's helpful to know
something of its history.
For centuries, indigenous people and preindustrialized societies managed
This is followed by a long history of the state (a monarchy or ruler)
taking over the commons for their own purposes. This is called enclosure
-of the commons.[^The-New-World-of-Digital-Commons-12] In olden days, “commoners” were evicted from the land,
+of the commons.[^The-New-World-of-Digital-Commons-12] In olden days, "commoners" were evicted from the land,
fences and hedges erected, laws passed, and security set up to forbid
access.[^The-New-World-of-Digital-Commons-13] Gradually, resources became the property of the state and the
state became the primary means by which resources were managed. (See
of the market have been offset by unequal distribution and
overexploitation.
-Overexploitation was the topic of Garrett Hardin’s influential essay
-“The Tragedy of the Commons,” published in Science in 1968. Hardin
+Overexploitation was the topic of Garrett Hardin's influential essay
+"The Tragedy of the Commons," published in Science in 1968. Hardin
argues that everyone in a commons seeks to maximize personal gain and
will continue to do so even when the limits of the commons are reached.
The commons is then tragically depleted to the point where it can no
-longer support anyone. Hardin’s essay became widely accepted as an
+longer support anyone. Hardin's essay became widely accepted as an
economic truism and a justification for private property and free
markets.
-However, there is one serious flaw with Hardin’s “The Tragedy of the
-Commons”—it’s fiction. Hardin did not actually study how real commons
+However, there is one serious flaw with Hardin's "The Tragedy of the
+Commons"---it's fiction. Hardin did not actually study how real commons
work. Elinor Ostrom won the 2009 Nobel Prize in economics for her work
-studying different commons all around the world. Ostrom’s work shows
+studying different commons all around the world. Ostrom's work shows
that natural resource commons can be successfully managed by local
communities without any regulation by central authorities or without
privatization. Government and privatization are not the only two
resources, there is a regional locality. The people in the region are
the most familiar with the natural resource, have the most direct
relationship and history with it, and are therefore best situated to
-manage it. Ostrom’s approach to the governance of natural resources
+manage it. Ostrom's approach to the governance of natural resources
broke with convention; she recognized the importance of the commons as
an alternative to the market or state for solving problems of collective
action.[^The-New-World-of-Digital-Commons-14]
Ostrom found, in reality, managing common resources together forms a
community and encourages discourse. This naturally generates norms and
rules that help people work collectively and ensure a sustainable
-commons. Paradoxically, while Hardin’s essay is called The Tragedy of
+commons. Paradoxically, while Hardin's essay is called The Tragedy of
the Commons it might more accurately be titled The Tragedy of the
Market.
-Hardin’s story is based on the premise of depletable resources.
+Hardin's story is based on the premise of depletable resources.
Economists have focused almost exclusively on scarcity-based markets.
Very little is known about how abundance works.[^The-New-World-of-Digital-Commons-15] The emergence of
information technology and the Internet has led to an explosion in
In the late 1990s, to make the sharing of source code and collaboration
more appealing to companies, the open-source-software initiative
converted these principles into licenses and standards for managing
-access to and distribution of software. The benefits of open source—such
-as reliability, scalability, and quality verified by independent peer
-review—became widely recognized and accepted. Customers liked the way
-open source gave them control without being locked into a closed,
-proprietary technology. Free and open-source software also generated a
-network effect where the value of a product or service increases with
-the number of people using it.[^The-New-World-of-Digital-Commons-17] The dramatic growth of the Internet
-itself owes much to the fact that nobody has a proprietary lock on core
-Internet protocols.
+access to and distribution of software. The benefits of open
+source---such as reliability, scalability, and quality verified by
+independent peer review---became widely recognized and accepted.
+Customers liked the way open source gave them control without being
+locked into a closed, proprietary technology. Free and open-source
+software also generated a network effect where the value of a product or
+service increases with the number of people using it.[^The-New-World-of-Digital-Commons-17] The dramatic
+growth of the Internet itself owes much to the fact that nobody has a
+proprietary lock on core Internet protocols.
While open-source software functions as a commons, many businesses and
markets did build up around it. Business models based on the licenses
and standards of open-source software evolved alongside organizations
that managed software code on principles of abundance rather than
-scarcity. Eric Raymond’s essay “The Magic Cauldron” does a great job of
+scarcity. Eric Raymond's essay "The Magic Cauldron" does a great job of
analyzing the economics and business models associated with open-source
software.[^The-New-World-of-Digital-Commons-18] These models can provide examples of sustainable approaches
for those Made with Creative Commons.
-It isn’t just about an abundant availability of digital assets but also
+It isn't just about an abundant availability of digital assets but also
about abundance of participation. The growth of personal computing,
information technology, and the Internet made it possible for mass
participation in producing creative works and distributing them. Photos,
for abundance, by default these digital works are governed by copyright
laws. Under copyright, a digital work is the property of the creator,
and by law others are excluded from accessing and using it without the
-creator’s permission.
+creator's permission.
But people like to share. One of the ways we define ourselves is by
sharing valuable and entertaining content. Doing so grows and nourishes
expressing the permissions in plain language, which regular people can
read and quickly understand. It acts as a user-friendly interface to the
legal-code layer beneath. The third layer is the machine-readable one,
-making it easy for the Web to know a work is Creative Commons–licensed
+making it easy for the Web to know a work is Creative Commons--licensed
by expressing permissions in a way that software systems, search
engines, and other kinds of technology can understand.[^The-New-World-of-Digital-Commons-20] Taken together,
these three layers ensure creators, users, and even the Web itself
### The Changing Market
-Today’s market is largely driven by global capitalism. Law and financial
+Today's market is largely driven by global capitalism. Law and financial
systems are structured to support extraction, privatization, and
corporate growth. A perception that the market is more efficient than
the state has led to continual privatization of many public natural
as a means of enabling that balance. City governments like Bologna,
Italy, are collaborating with their citizens to put in place regulations
for the care and regeneration of urban commons.[^The-New-World-of-Digital-Commons-26] Seoul and Amsterdam
-call themselves “sharing cities,” looking to make sustainable and more
+call themselves "sharing cities," looking to make sustainable and more
efficient use of scarce resources. They see sharing as a way to improve
the use of public spaces, mobility, social cohesion, and safety.[^The-New-World-of-Digital-Commons-27]
norms and rules of the market, making them less like a commons and more
like a traditional business seeking financial gain. Much of the sharing
economy is not about the commons or building an alternative to a
-corporate-driven market economy; it’s about extending the deregulated
+corporate-driven market economy; it's about extending the deregulated
free market into new areas of our lives.[^The-New-World-of-Digital-Commons-28] While none of the people we
interviewed for our case studies would describe themselves as part of
the sharing economy, there are in fact some significant parallels. Both
operates.
For an ordinary corporation, making social benefit a part of its
-operations is difficult, as it’s legally required to make decisions that
+operations is difficult, as it's legally required to make decisions that
financially benefit stockholders. But new forms of business are
emerging. There are benefit corporations and social enterprises, which
broaden their business goals from making a profit to making a positive
traditional corporation. Collectively, these alternative market entities
are changing the rules and norms of the market.[^The-New-World-of-Digital-Commons-32]
-“A book on open business models” is how we described it in this book’s
+"A book on open business models" is how we described it in this book's
Kickstarter campaign. We used a handbook called Business Model
Generation as our reference for defining just what a business model is.
-Developed over nine years using an “open process” involving 470
+Developed over nine years using an "open process" involving 470
coauthors from forty-five countries, it is useful as a framework for
talking about business models.[^The-New-World-of-Digital-Commons-33]
-It contains a “business model canvas,” which conceives of a business
+It contains a "business model canvas," which conceives of a business
model as having nine building blocks.[^The-New-World-of-Digital-Commons-34] This blank canvas can serve as a
tool for anyone to design their own business model. We remixed this
business model canvas into an open business model canvas, adding three
more building blocks relevant to hybrid market, commons enterprises:
-social good, Creative Commons license, and “type of open environment
-that the business fits in.”[^The-New-World-of-Digital-Commons-35] This enhanced canvas proved useful when we
+social good, Creative Commons license, and "type of open environment
+that the business fits in."[^The-New-World-of-Digital-Commons-35] This enhanced canvas proved useful when we
analyzed businesses and helped start-ups plan their economic model.
In our case study interviews, many expressed discomfort over describing
-themselves as an open business model—the term business model suggested
+themselves as an open business model---the term business model suggested
primarily being situated in the market. Where you sit on the
commons-to-market spectrum affects the extent to which you see yourself
as a business in the market. The more central to the mission shared
The creators, businesses, and organizations we profile all engage with
the market to generate revenue in some way. The ways in which this is
-done vary widely. Donations, pay what you can, memberships, “digital for
-free but physical for a fee,” crowdfunding, matchmaking, value-add
+done vary widely. Donations, pay what you can, memberships, "digital for
+free but physical for a fee," crowdfunding, matchmaking, value-add
services, patrons . . . the list goes on and on. (Initial description of
how to earn revenue available through reference note. For latest
thinking see How to Bring In Money in the next section.)[^The-New-World-of-Digital-Commons-36] There is no
used and contributed to by everyone. Using the resources of others,
contributing your own, and mixing yours with others to create new works
are all dynamic forms of participation made possible by the commons.
-Being Made with Creative Commons means you’re engaging as many users
+Being Made with Creative Commons means you're engaging as many users
with your resources as possible. Users are also authoring, editing,
remixing, curating, localizing, translating, and distributing. The
commons makes it possible for people to directly participate in culture,
Give more than you take. Be open and inclusive. Add value. Make visible
what you are using from the commons, what you are adding, and what you
are monetizing. Maximize abundance. Give attribution. Express gratitude.
-Develop trust; don’t exploit. Build relationship and community. Be
+Develop trust; don't exploit. Build relationship and community. Be
transparent. Defend the commons.
The new digital commons is here to stay. Made With Creative Commons case
-studies show how it’s possible to be part of this commons while still
+studies show how it's possible to be part of this commons while still
functioning within market and state systems. The commons generates
benefits neither the market nor state can achieve on their own. Rather
than the market or state dominating as primary means of resource
[^The-New-World-of-Digital-Commons-3]: Ibid., 15.
[^The-New-World-of-Digital-Commons-4]: Ibid., 145.
[^The-New-World-of-Digital-Commons-5]: Ibid., 175.
-[^The-New-World-of-Digital-Commons-6]: Daniel H. Cole, “Learning from Lin: Lessons and Cautions from the
- Natural Commons for the Knowledge Commons,” in Governing Knowledge
+[^The-New-World-of-Digital-Commons-6]: Daniel H. Cole, "Learning from Lin: Lessons and Cautions from the
+ Natural Commons for the Knowledge Commons," in Governing Knowledge
Commons, eds. Brett M. Frischmann, Michael J. Madison, and
Katherine J. Strandburg (New York: Oxford University Press,
2014), 53.
[^The-New-World-of-Digital-Commons-7]: Max Haiven, Crises of Imagination, Crises of Power: Capitalism,
Creativity and the Commons (New York: Zed Books, 2014), 93.
-[^The-New-World-of-Digital-Commons-8]: Cole, “Learning from Lin,” in Frischmann, Madison, and Strandburg,
+[^The-New-World-of-Digital-Commons-8]: Cole, "Learning from Lin," in Frischmann, Madison, and Strandburg,
Governing Knowledge Commons, 59.
[^The-New-World-of-Digital-Commons-9]: Bollier, Think Like a Commoner, 175.
-[^The-New-World-of-Digital-Commons-10]: Joshua Farley and Ida Kubiszewski, “The Economics of Information in
- a Post-Carbon Economy,” in Free Knowledge: Confronting the
+[^The-New-World-of-Digital-Commons-10]: Joshua Farley and Ida Kubiszewski, "The Economics of Information in
+ a Post-Carbon Economy," in Free Knowledge: Confronting the
Commodification of Human Discovery, eds. Patricia W. Elliott and
Daryl H. Hepting (Regina, SK: University of Regina Press, 2015),
- 201–4.
+ 201--4.
[^The-New-World-of-Digital-Commons-11]: Rowe, Our Common Wealth, 19; and Heather Menzies, Reclaiming the
Commons for the Common Good: A Memoir and Manifesto (Gabriola
- Island, BC: New Society, 2014), 42–43.
-[^The-New-World-of-Digital-Commons-12]: Bollier, Think Like a Commoner, 55–78.
+ Island, BC: New Society, 2014), 42--43.
+[^The-New-World-of-Digital-Commons-12]: Bollier, Think Like a Commoner, 55--78.
[^The-New-World-of-Digital-Commons-13]: Fritjof Capra and Ugo Mattei, The Ecology of Law: Toward a Legal
System in Tune with Nature and Community (Oakland, CA:
- Berrett-Koehler, 2015), 46–57; and Bollier, Think Like a
+ Berrett-Koehler, 2015), 46--57; and Bollier, Think Like a
Commoner, 88.
[^The-New-World-of-Digital-Commons-14]: Brett M. Frischmann, Michael J. Madison, and Katherine J.
- Strandburg, “Governing Knowledge Commons,” in Frischmann, Madison,
+ Strandburg, "Governing Knowledge Commons," in Frischmann, Madison,
and Strandburg Governing Knowledge Commons, 12.
-[^The-New-World-of-Digital-Commons-15]: Farley and Kubiszewski, “Economics of Information,” in Elliott and
+[^The-New-World-of-Digital-Commons-15]: Farley and Kubiszewski, "Economics of Information," in Elliott and
Hepting, Free Knowledge, 203.
-[^The-New-World-of-Digital-Commons-16]: “What Is Free Software?” GNU Operating System, the Free Software
- Foundation’s Licensing and Compliance Lab, accessed December 30,
+[^The-New-World-of-Digital-Commons-16]: "What Is Free Software?" GNU Operating System, the Free Software
+ Foundation's Licensing and Compliance Lab, accessed December 30,
2016, [](http://www.gnu.org/philosophy/free-sw).
-[^The-New-World-of-Digital-Commons-17]: Wikipedia, s.v. “Open-source software,” last modified November
+[^The-New-World-of-Digital-Commons-17]: Wikipedia, s.v. "Open-source software," last modified November
22, 2016.
-[^The-New-World-of-Digital-Commons-18]: Eric S. Raymond, “The Magic Cauldron,” in The Cathedral and the
+[^The-New-World-of-Digital-Commons-18]: Eric S. Raymond, "The Magic Cauldron," in The Cathedral and the
Bazaar: Musings on Linux and Open Source by an Accidental
- Revolutionary, rev. ed. (Sebastopol, CA: O’Reilly Media, 2001),
+ Revolutionary, rev. ed. (Sebastopol, CA: O'Reilly Media, 2001),
[](http://www.catb.org/esr/writings/cathedral-bazaar/).
[^The-New-World-of-Digital-Commons-19]: New York Times Customer Insight Group, The Psychology of Sharing:
Why Do People Share Online? (New York: New York Times Customer
Insight Group, 2011), [](http://www.iab.net/media/file/POSWhitePaper.pdf).
-[^The-New-World-of-Digital-Commons-20]: “Licensing Considerations,” Creative Commons, accessed December 30,
+[^The-New-World-of-Digital-Commons-20]: "Licensing Considerations," Creative Commons, accessed December 30,
2016, [](http://creativecommons.org/share-your-work/licensing-considerations/).
[^The-New-World-of-Digital-Commons-21]: Creative Commons, 2015 State of the Commons (Mountain View, CA:
Creative Commons, 2015), [](http://stateof.creativecommons.org/2015/).
-[^The-New-World-of-Digital-Commons-22]: Wikipedia, s.v. “Open Government Partnership,” last modified
+[^The-New-World-of-Digital-Commons-22]: Wikipedia, s.v. "Open Government Partnership," last modified
September 24, 2016,
[](http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Open\_Government\_Partnership).
[^The-New-World-of-Digital-Commons-23]: Capra and Mattei, Ecology of Law, 114.
[^The-New-World-of-Digital-Commons-24]: Ibid., 116.
-[^The-New-World-of-Digital-Commons-25]: The Swedish International Development Cooperation Agency, “Stockholm
- Statement” accessed February 15, 2017,
+[^The-New-World-of-Digital-Commons-25]: The Swedish International Development Cooperation Agency, "Stockholm
+ Statement" accessed February 15, 2017,
[](http://sida.se/globalassets/sida/eng/press/stockholm-statement.pdf)
[^The-New-World-of-Digital-Commons-26]: City of Bologna, Regulation on Collaboration between Citizens and
the City for the Care and Regeneration of Urban Commons, trans.
[](http://www.labgov.it/wp-content/uploads/sites/9/Bologna-Regulation-on-collaboration-between-citizens-and-the-city-for-the-cure-and-regeneration-of-urban-commons1.pdf).
[^The-New-World-of-Digital-Commons-27]: The Seoul Sharing City website is [](http://english.sharehub.kr); for Amsterdam
Sharing City, go to [](http://www.sharenl.nl/amsterdam-sharing-city/).
-[^The-New-World-of-Digital-Commons-28]: Tom Slee, What’s Yours Is Mine: Against the Sharing Economy (New
+[^The-New-World-of-Digital-Commons-28]: Tom Slee, What's Yours Is Mine: Against the Sharing Economy (New
York: OR Books, 2015), 42.
-[^The-New-World-of-Digital-Commons-29]: Chris Anderson, Free: How Today’s Smartest Businesses Profit by
+[^The-New-World-of-Digital-Commons-29]: Chris Anderson, Free: How Today's Smartest Businesses Profit by
Giving Something for Nothing, Reprint with new preface. (New York:
Hyperion, 2010), 78.
[^The-New-World-of-Digital-Commons-30]: Jeremy Rifkin, The Zero Marginal Cost Society: The Internet of
Junction, VT: Chelsea Green, 2013), 39.
[^The-New-World-of-Digital-Commons-32]: Marjorie Kelly, Owning Our Future: The Emerging Ownership
Revolution; Journeys to a Generative Economy (San Francisco:
- Berrett-Koehler, 2012), 8–9.
+ Berrett-Koehler, 2012), 8--9.
[^The-New-World-of-Digital-Commons-33]: Alex Osterwalder and Yves Pigneur, Business Model Generation
(Hoboken, NJ: John Wiley and Sons, 2010). A preview of the book is
available at [](http://strategyzer.com/books/business-model-generation).
[^The-New-World-of-Digital-Commons-34]: This business model canvas is available to download at
[](http://strategyzer.com/canvas/business-model-canvas).
-[^The-New-World-of-Digital-Commons-35]: We’ve made the “Open Business Model Canvas,” designed by the
+[^The-New-World-of-Digital-Commons-35]: We've made the "Open Business Model Canvas," designed by the
coauthor Paul Stacey, available online at
[](http://docs.google.com/drawings/d/1QOIDa2qak7wZSSOa4Wv6qVMO77IwkKHN7CYyq0wHivs/edit).
You can also find the accompanying Open Business Model Canvas
Questions at
[](http://docs.google.com/drawings/d/1kACK7TkoJgsM18HUWCbX9xuQ0Byna4plSVZXZGTtays/edit).
[^The-New-World-of-Digital-Commons-36]: A more comprehensive list of revenue streams is available in this
- post I wrote on Medium on March 6, 2016. “What Is an Open Business
- Model and How Can You Generate Revenue?”, available at
+ post I wrote on Medium on March 6, 2016. "What Is an Open Business
+ Model and How Can You Generate Revenue?", available at
[](http://medium.com/made-with-creative-commons/what-is-an-open-business-model-and-how-can-you-generate-revenue-5854d2659b15).
[^The-New-World-of-Digital-Commons-37]: Henry Chesbrough, Open Innovation: The New Imperative for Creating
and Profiting from Technology (Boston: Harvard Business Review
- Press, 2006), 31–44.
+ Press, 2006), 31--44.
## How to Be Made with Creative Commons
When we began this project in August 2015, we set out to write a book
about business models that involve Creative Commons licenses in some
-significant way—what we call being Made with Creative Commons. With the
-help of our Kickstarter backers, we chose twenty-four endeavors from all
-around the world that are Made with Creative Commons. The mix is
+significant way---what we call being Made with Creative Commons. With
+the help of our Kickstarter backers, we chose twenty-four endeavors from
+all around the world that are Made with Creative Commons. The mix is
diverse, from an individual musician to a university-textbook publisher
to an electronics manufacturer. Some make their own content and share
under Creative Commons licensing. Others are platforms for CC-licensed
creative work made by others. Many sit somewhere in between, both using
-and contributing creative work that’s shared with the public. Like all
-who use the licenses, these endeavors share their work—whether it’s open
-data or furniture designs—in a way that enables the public not only to
-access it but also to make use of it.
+and contributing creative work that's shared with the public. Like all
+who use the licenses, these endeavors share their work---whether it's
+open data or furniture designs---in a way that enables the public not
+only to access it but also to make use of it.
We analyzed the revenue models, customer segments, and value
propositions of each endeavor. We searched for ways that putting their
quite different from the one that was revealing itself in our interviews
and research.
-It isn’t that we were wrong to think you can make money while using
+It isn't that we were wrong to think you can make money while using
Creative Commons licenses. In many instances, CC can help make you more
money. Nor were we wrong that there are business models out there that
others who want to use CC licensing as part of their livelihood or
-business could replicate. What we didn’t realize was just how misguided
+business could replicate. What we didn't realize was just how misguided
it would be to write a book about being Made with Creative Commons using
only a business lens.
According to the seminal handbook Business Model Generation, a business
-model “describes the rationale of how an organization creates, delivers,
-and captures value.”[^How-to-Be-Made-with-Creative-Commons-1] Thinking about sharing in terms of creating and
+model "describes the rationale of how an organization creates, delivers,
+and captures value."[^How-to-Be-Made-with-Creative-Commons-1] Thinking about sharing in terms of creating and
capturing value always felt inappropriately transactional and out of
place, something we heard time and time again in our interviews. And as
-Cory Doctorow told us in our interview with him, “Business model can
-mean anything you want it to mean.”
+Cory Doctorow told us in our interview with him, "Business model can
+mean anything you want it to mean."
Eventually, we got it. Being Made with Creative Commons is more than a
business model. While we will talk about specific revenue models as one
everything we learned from the case studies and write up the practical
lessons and takeaways. I spent months trying to jam what we learned into
the business-model box, convinced there must be some formula for the way
-things interacted. But there is no formula. You’ll probably have to
+things interacted. But there is no formula. You'll probably have to
discard that way of thinking before you read any further.
In every interview, we started from the same simple questions. Amid all
Whether the public makes use of the opportunity to copy and adapt your
work, sharing with a Creative Commons license is a symbol of how you
want to interact with the people who consume your work. Whenever you
-create something, “all rights reserved” under copyright is automatic, so
+create something, "all rights reserved" under copyright is automatic, so
the copyright symbol (©) on the work does not necessarily come across as
a marker of distrust or excessive protectionism. But using a CC license
-can be a symbol of the opposite—of wanting a real human relationship,
+can be a symbol of the opposite---of wanting a real human relationship,
rather than an impersonal market transaction. It leaves open the
possibility of connection.
The driving motivation varies depending on the type of endeavor. For
individual creators, it is most often about personal inspiration. In
-some ways, this is nothing new. As Doctorow has written, “Creators
-usually start doing what they do for love.”[^How-to-Be-Made-with-Creative-Commons-2] But when you share your
+some ways, this is nothing new. As Doctorow has written, "Creators
+usually start doing what they do for love."[^How-to-Be-Made-with-Creative-Commons-2] But when you share your
creative work under a CC license, that dynamic is even more pronounced.
Similarly, for technological innovators, it is often less about creating
a specific new thing that will make you rich and more about solving a
specific problem you have. The creators of Arduino told us that the key
-question when creating something is “Do you as the creator want to use
-it? It has to have personal use and meaning.”
+question when creating something is "Do you as the creator want to use
+it? It has to have personal use and meaning."
Many that are Made with Creative Commons have an express social mission
that underpins everything they do. In many cases, sharing with Creative
Commons expressly advances that social mission, and using the licenses
can be the difference between legitimacy and hypocrisy. Noun Project
co-founder Edward Boatman told us they could not have stated their
-social mission of sharing with a straight face if they weren’t willing
+social mission of sharing with a straight face if they weren't willing
to show the world that it was OK to share their content using a Creative
Commons license.
business or livelihood, where profit is not paramount, and producing
social good and human connection are integral to success.
-Even if profit isn’t the end goal, you have to bring in money to be
+Even if profit isn't the end goal, you have to bring in money to be
successfully Made with Creative Commons. At a bare minimum, you have to
make enough money to keep the lights on.
there is generally a much lower threshold for sustainability than there
used to be for any creative endeavor. Digital technology has made it
easier than ever to create, and easier than ever to distribute. As
-Doctorow put it in his book Information Doesn’t Want to Be Free, “If
+Doctorow put it in his book Information Doesn't Want to Be Free, "If
analog dollars have turned into digital dimes (as the critics of
-ad-supported media have it), there is the fact that it’s possible to run
+ad-supported media have it), there is the fact that it's possible to run
a business that gets the same amount of advertising as its forebears at
-a fraction of the price.”
+a fraction of the price."
Some creation costs are the same as they always were. It takes the same
amount of time and money to write a peer-reviewed journal article or
-paint a painting. Technology can’t change that. But other costs are
+paint a painting. Technology can't change that. But other costs are
dramatically reduced by technology, particularly in production-heavy
domains like filmmaking.[^How-to-Be-Made-with-Creative-Commons-3] CC-licensed content and content in the public
domain, as well as the work of volunteer collaborators, can also
-dramatically reduce costs if they’re being used as resources to create
+dramatically reduce costs if they're being used as resources to create
something new. And, of course, there is the reality that some content
would be created whether or not the creator is paid because it is a
labor of love.
expenses associated with the various ways money is being made, like
touring or custom training.
-It’s important to recognize that the biggest impact of technology on
+It's important to recognize that the biggest impact of technology on
creative endeavors is that creators can now foot the costs of creation
and distribution themselves. People now often have a direct route to
their potential public without necessarily needing intermediaries like
-record labels and book publishers. Doctorow wrote, “If you’re a creator
+record labels and book publishers. Doctorow wrote, "If you're a creator
who never got the time of day from one of the great imperial powers,
this is your time. Where once you had no means of reaching an audience
without the assistance of the industry-dominating megacompanies, now you
-have hundreds of ways to do it without them.”[^How-to-Be-Made-with-Creative-Commons-5] Previously, distribution
+have hundreds of ways to do it without them."[^How-to-Be-Made-with-Creative-Commons-5] Previously, distribution
of creative work involved the costs associated with sustaining a
monolithic entity, now creators can do the work themselves. That means
the financial needs of creative endeavors can be a lot more modest.
-Whether for an individual creator or a larger endeavor, it usually isn’t
-enough to break even if you want to make what you’re doing a livelihood.
+Whether for an individual creator or a larger endeavor, it usually isn't
+enough to break even if you want to make what you're doing a livelihood.
You need to build in some support for the general operation. This extra
bit looks different for everyone, but importantly, in nearly all cases
-for those Made with Creative Commons, the definition of “enough money”
+for those Made with Creative Commons, the definition of "enough money"
looks a lot different than it does in the world of venture capital and
stock options. It is more about sustainability and less about unlimited
-growth and profit. SparkFun founder Nathan Seidle told us, “Business
+growth and profit. SparkFun founder Nathan Seidle told us, "Business
model is a really grandiose word for it. It is really just about keeping
-the operation going day to day.”
+the operation going day to day."
This book is a testament to the notion that it is possible to make money
while using CC licenses and CC-licensed content, but we are still very
There are, however, plenty of ways in which CC licensing can be good for
business in fairly predictable ways. The first is how it helps solve
-“problem zero.”
+"problem zero."
### Problem Zero: Getting Discovered
Once you create or collect your content, the next step is finding users,
-customers, fans—in other words, your people. As Amanda Palmer wrote, “It
-has to start with the art. The songs had to touch people initially, and
-mean something, for anything to work at all.”[^How-to-Be-Made-with-Creative-Commons-6] There isn’t any magic to
-finding your people, and there is certainly no formula. Your work has to
-connect with people and offer them some artistic and/or utilitarian
+customers, fans---in other words, your people. As Amanda Palmer wrote,
+"It has to start with the art. The songs had to touch people initially,
+and mean something, for anything to work at all."[^How-to-Be-Made-with-Creative-Commons-6] There isn't any magic
+to finding your people, and there is certainly no formula. Your work has
+to connect with people and offer them some artistic and/or utilitarian
value. In some ways, this is easier than ever. Online we are not limited
by shelf space, so there is room for every obscure interest, taste, and
need imaginable. This is what Chris Anderson dubbed the Long Tail, where
-consumption becomes less about mainstream mass “hits” and more about
-micromarkets for every particular niche. As Anderson wrote, “We are all
+consumption becomes less about mainstream mass "hits" and more about
+micromarkets for every particular niche. As Anderson wrote, "We are all
different, with different wants and needs, and the Internet now has a
-place for all of them in the way that physical markets did not.”[^How-to-Be-Made-with-Creative-Commons-7] We are
+place for all of them in the way that physical markets did not."[^How-to-Be-Made-with-Creative-Commons-7] We are
no longer limited to what appeals to the masses.
-While finding “your people” online is theoretically easier than in the
+While finding "your people" online is theoretically easier than in the
analog world, as a practical matter it can still be difficult to
actually get noticed. The Internet is a firehose of content, one that
only grows larger by the minute. As a content creator, not only are you
competing for attention against more content creators than ever before,
you are competing against creativity generated outside the market as
-well.[^How-to-Be-Made-with-Creative-Commons-8] Anderson wrote, “The greatest change of the past decade has been
+well.[^How-to-Be-Made-with-Creative-Commons-8] Anderson wrote, "The greatest change of the past decade has been
the shift in time people spend consuming amateur content instead of
-professional content.”[^How-to-Be-Made-with-Creative-Commons-9] To top it all off, you have to compete against
-the rest of their lives, too—“friends, family, music playlists, soccer
-games, and nights on the town.”[^How-to-Be-Made-with-Creative-Commons-10] Somehow, some way, you have to get
+professional content."[^How-to-Be-Made-with-Creative-Commons-9] To top it all off, you have to compete against
+the rest of their lives, too---"friends, family, music playlists, soccer
+games, and nights on the town."[^How-to-Be-Made-with-Creative-Commons-10] Somehow, some way, you have to get
noticed by the right people.
When you come to the Internet armed with an all-rights-reserved
mentality from the start, you are often restricting access to your work
before there is even any demand for it. In many cases, requiring payment
for your work is part of the traditional copyright system. Even a tiny
-cost has a big effect on demand. It’s called the penny gap—the large
+cost has a big effect on demand. It's called the penny gap---the large
difference in demand between something that is available at the price of
-one cent versus the price of zero.[^How-to-Be-Made-with-Creative-Commons-11] That doesn’t mean it is wrong to
+one cent versus the price of zero.[^How-to-Be-Made-with-Creative-Commons-11] That doesn't mean it is wrong to
charge money for your content. It simply means you need to recognize the
effect that doing so will have on demand. The same principle applies to
restricting access to copy the work. If your problem is how to get
-discovered and find “your people,” prohibiting people from copying your
+discovered and find "your people," prohibiting people from copying your
work and sharing it with others is counterproductive.
-Of course, it’s not that being discovered by people who like your work
-will make you rich—far from it. But as Cory Doctorow says, “Recognition
-is one of many necessary preconditions for artistic success.”[^How-to-Be-Made-with-Creative-Commons-12]
+Of course, it's not that being discovered by people who like your work
+will make you rich---far from it. But as Cory Doctorow says,
+"Recognition is one of many necessary preconditions for artistic
+success."[^How-to-Be-Made-with-Creative-Commons-12]
Choosing not to spend time and energy restricting access to your work
and policing infringement also builds goodwill. Lumen Learning, a
It is not just that restricting access to your work may undermine your
social mission. It also may alienate the people who most value your
creative work. If people like your work, their natural instinct will be
-to share it with others. But as David Bollier wrote, “Our natural human
-impulses to imitate and share—the essence of culture—have been
-criminalized.”[^How-to-Be-Made-with-Creative-Commons-13]
+to share it with others. But as David Bollier wrote, "Our natural human
+impulses to imitate and share---the essence of culture---have been
+criminalized."[^How-to-Be-Made-with-Creative-Commons-13]
The fact that copying can carry criminal penalties undoubtedly deters
copying it, but copying with the click of a button is too easy and
convenient to ever fully stop it. Try as the copyright industry might to
-persuade us otherwise, copying a copyrighted work just doesn’t feel like
-stealing a loaf of bread. And, of course, that’s because it isn’t.
-Sharing a creative work has no impact on anyone else’s ability to make
+persuade us otherwise, copying a copyrighted work just doesn't feel like
+stealing a loaf of bread. And, of course, that's because it isn't.
+Sharing a creative work has no impact on anyone else's ability to make
use of it.
If you take some amount of copying and sharing your work as a given, you
can invest your time and resources elsewhere, rather than wasting them
on playing a cat and mouse game with people who want to copy and share
-your work. Lizzy Jongma from the Rijksmuseum said, “We could spend a lot
+your work. Lizzy Jongma from the Rijksmuseum said, "We could spend a lot
of money trying to protect works, but people are going to do it anyway.
-And they will use bad-quality versions.” Instead, they started releasing
+And they will use bad-quality versions." Instead, they started releasing
high-resolution digital copies of their collection into the public
domain and making them available for free on their website. For them,
sharing was a form of quality control over the copies that were
potentially abundant resource it is.[^How-to-Be-Made-with-Creative-Commons-14] When you see information
abundance as a feature, not a bug, you start thinking about the ways to
use the idling capacity of your content to your advantage. As my friend
-and colleague Eric Steuer once said, “Using CC licenses shows you get
-the Internet.”
+and colleague Eric Steuer once said, "Using CC licenses shows you get
+the Internet."
Cory Doctorow says it costs him nothing when other people make copies of
his work, and it opens the possibility that he might get something in
#### Use CC to grow a larger audience
-Putting a Creative Commons license on your content won’t make it
+Putting a Creative Commons license on your content won't make it
automatically go viral, but eliminating legal barriers to copying the
-work certainly can’t hurt the chances that your work will be shared. The
+work certainly can't hurt the chances that your work will be shared. The
CC license symbolizes that sharing is welcome. It can act as a little
-tap on the shoulder to those who come across the work—a nudge to copy
+tap on the shoulder to those who come across the work---a nudge to copy
the work if they have any inkling of doing so. All things being equal,
if one piece of content has a sign that says Share and the other says
-Don’t Share (which is what “©” means), which do you think people are
+Don't Share (which is what "©" means), which do you think people are
more likely to share?
The Conversation is an online news site with in-depth articles written
The idea that more eyeballs equates with more success is a form of the
max strategy, adopted by Google and other technology companies.
-According to Google’s Eric Schmidt, the idea is simple: “Take whatever
+According to Google's Eric Schmidt, the idea is simple: "Take whatever
it is you are doing and do it at the max in terms of distribution. The
other way of saying this is that since marginal cost of distribution is
-free, you might as well put things everywhere.”[^How-to-Be-Made-with-Creative-Commons-16] This strategy is what
+free, you might as well put things everywhere."[^How-to-Be-Made-with-Creative-Commons-16] This strategy is what
often motivates companies to make their products and services free
(i.e., no cost), but the same logic applies to making content freely
shareable. Because CC-licensed content is free (as in cost) and can be
Attribution can be about more than just receiving credit. It can also be
about establishing provenance. People naturally want to know where
-content came from—the source of a work is sometimes just as interesting
-as the work itself. Opendesk is a platform for furniture designers to
-share their designs. Consumers who like those designs can then get
-matched with local makers who turn the designs into real-life furniture.
-The fact that I, sitting in the middle of the United States, can pick
-out a design created by a designer in Tokyo and then use a maker within
-my own community to transform the design into something tangible is part
-of the power of their platform. The provenance of the design is a
-special part of the product.
+content came from---the source of a work is sometimes just as
+interesting as the work itself. Opendesk is a platform for furniture
+designers to share their designs. Consumers who like those designs can
+then get matched with local makers who turn the designs into real-life
+furniture. The fact that I, sitting in the middle of the United States,
+can pick out a design created by a designer in Tokyo and then use a
+maker within my own community to transform the design into something
+tangible is part of the power of their platform. The provenance of the
+design is a special part of the product.
Knowing the source of a work is also critical to ensuring its
credibility. Just as a trademark is designed to give consumers a way to
As we will cover in more detail later, many endeavors that are Made with
Creative Commons make money by providing a product or service other than
the CC-licensed work. Sometimes that other product or service is
-completely unrelated to the CC content. Other times it’s a physical copy
+completely unrelated to the CC content. Other times it's a physical copy
or live performance of the CC content. In all cases, the CC content can
attract people to your other product or service.
-Knowledge Unlatched’s Pinter told us she has seen time and again how
-offering CC-licensed content—that is, digitally for free—actually
+Knowledge Unlatched's Pinter told us she has seen time and again how
+offering CC-licensed content---that is, digitally for free---actually
increases sales of the printed goods because it functions as a marketing
tool. We see this phenomenon regularly with famous artwork. The Mona
Lisa is likely the most recognizable painting on the planet. Its
Four of the six CC licenses enable reusers to take apart, build upon, or
otherwise adapt the work. Depending on the context, adaptation can mean
-wildly different things—translating, updating, localizing, improving,
+wildly different things---translating, updating, localizing, improving,
transforming. It enables a work to be customized for particular needs,
uses, people, and communities, which is another distinct value to offer
the public.[^How-to-Be-Made-with-Creative-Commons-21] Adaptation is more game changing in some contexts than
This is a way to counteract a potential downside of the abundance of
free and open content described above. As Anderson wrote in Free,
-“People often don’t care as much about things they don’t pay for, and as
-a result they don’t think as much about how they consume them.”[^How-to-Be-Made-with-Creative-Commons-22] If
+"People often don't care as much about things they don't pay for, and as
+a result they don't think as much about how they consume them."[^How-to-Be-Made-with-Creative-Commons-22] If
even the tiny act of volition of paying one penny for something changes
our perception of that thing, then surely the act of remixing it
enhances our perception exponentially.[^How-to-Be-Made-with-Creative-Commons-23] We know that people will pay
Actively engaging with the content helps us avoid the type of aimless
consumption that anyone who has absentmindedly scrolled through their
social-media feeds for an hour knows all too well. In his book,
-Cognitive Surplus, Clay Shirky says, “To participate is to act as if
+Cognitive Surplus, Clay Shirky says, "To participate is to act as if
your presence matters, as if, when you see something or hear something,
-your response is part of the event.”[^How-to-Be-Made-with-Creative-Commons-26] Opening the door to your content
+your response is part of the event."[^How-to-Be-Made-with-Creative-Commons-26] Opening the door to your content
can get people more deeply tied to your work.
#### Use CC to differentiate yourself
under the rules of establishment players in the media. Business
strategies that are embedded in the traditional copyright system, like
using digital rights management (DRM) and signing exclusivity contracts,
-can tie the hands of creators, often at the expense of the creator’s
+can tie the hands of creators, often at the expense of the creator's
best interest.[^How-to-Be-Made-with-Creative-Commons-27] Being Made with Creative Commons means you can function
without those barriers and, in many cases, use the increased openness as
a competitive advantage. David Harris from OpenStax said they
specifically pursue strategies they know that traditional publishers
-cannot. “Don’t go into a market and play by the incumbent rules,” David
-said. “Change the rules of engagement.”
+cannot. "Don't go into a market and play by the incumbent rules," David
+said. "Change the rules of engagement."
### Making Money
bring in revenue, some market-based and some not. One common strategy is
using grant funding for content creation when research-and-development
costs are particularly high, and then finding a different revenue stream
-(or streams) for ongoing expenses. As Shirky wrote, “The trick is in
+(or streams) for ongoing expenses. As Shirky wrote, "The trick is in
knowing when markets are an optimal way of organizing interactions and
-when they are not.”[^How-to-Be-Made-with-Creative-Commons-29]
+when they are not."[^How-to-Be-Made-with-Creative-Commons-29]
Our case studies explore in more detail the various revenue-generating
mechanisms used by the creators, organizations, and businesses we
your own content, whether you condone it or not.[^How-to-Be-Made-with-Creative-Commons-32] If people can easily
find your content for free, getting people to buy it will be difficult,
particularly in a context where access to content is more important than
-owning it. In Free, Anderson wrote, “Copyright protection schemes,
+owning it. In Free, Anderson wrote, "Copyright protection schemes,
whether coded into either law or software, are simply holding up a price
-against the force of gravity.”
+against the force of gravity."
-Of course, this doesn’t mean that content-driven endeavors have no
+Of course, this doesn't mean that content-driven endeavors have no
future in the traditional marketplace. In Free, Anderson explains how
when one product or service becomes free, as information and content
largely have in the digital age, other things become more valuable.
-“Every abundance creates a new scarcity,” he wrote. You just have to
+"Every abundance creates a new scarcity," he wrote. You just have to
find some way other than the content to provide value to your audience
-or customers. As Anderson says, “It’s easy to compete with Free: simply
-offer something better or at least different from the free version.”[^How-to-Be-Made-with-Creative-Commons-33]
+or customers. As Anderson says, "It's easy to compete with Free: simply
+offer something better or at least different from the free version."[^How-to-Be-Made-with-Creative-Commons-33]
In light of this reality, in some ways endeavors that are Made with
Creative Commons are at a level playing field with all content-based
#### Providing a custom service to consumers of your work *\[MARKET-BASED\]*
-In this age of information abundance, we don’t lack for content. The
+In this age of information abundance, we don't lack for content. The
trick is finding content that matches our needs and wants, so customized
-services are particularly valuable. As Anderson wrote, “Commodity
+services are particularly valuable. As Anderson wrote, "Commodity
information (everybody gets the same version) wants to be free.
Customized information (you get something unique and meaningful to you)
-wants to be expensive.”[^How-to-Be-Made-with-Creative-Commons-34] This can be anything from the artistic and
+wants to be expensive."[^How-to-Be-Made-with-Creative-Commons-34] This can be anything from the artistic and
cultural consulting services provided by Ártica to the custom-song
-business of Jonathan “Song-A-Day” Mann.
+business of Jonathan "Song-A-Day" Mann.
#### Charging for the physical copy *\[MARKET-BASED\]*
In his book about maker culture, Anderson characterizes this model as
giving away the bits and selling the atoms (where bits refers to digital
content and atoms refer to a physical object).[^How-to-Be-Made-with-Creative-Commons-35] This is particularly
-successful in domains where the digital version of the content isn’t as
+successful in domains where the digital version of the content isn't as
valuable as the analog version, like book publishing where a significant
subset of people still prefer reading something they can hold in their
-hands. Or in domains where the content isn’t useful until it is in
+hands. Or in domains where the content isn't useful until it is in
physical form, like furniture designs. In those situations, a
significant portion of consumers will pay for the convenience of having
someone else put the physical version together for them. Some endeavors
content is free increases the size of the audience, which in turn makes
the offer more valuable to the paying customers. This is a variation of
a traditional business model built on free called multi-sided
-platforms.[^How-to-Be-Made-with-Creative-Commons-36] Access to your audience isn’t the only thing people are
-willing to pay for—there are other services you can provide as well.
+platforms.[^How-to-Be-Made-with-Creative-Commons-36] Access to your audience isn't the only thing people are
+willing to pay for---there are other services you can provide as well.
#### Charging advertisers or sponsors *\[MARKET-BASED\]*
themselves pay to be featured on the platform. Obviously, this revenue
stream is only available to those who rely on work created, at least in
part, by others. The most well-known version of this model is the
-“author-processing charge” of open-access journals like those published
+"author-processing charge" of open-access journals like those published
by the Public Library of Science, but there are other variations. The
Conversation is primarily funded by a university-membership model, where
universities pay to have their faculties participate as writers of the
some direct value provided to them, many of the revenue streams were
more about providing value, building a relationship, and then eventually
finding some money that flows back out of a sense of reciprocity. While
-some look like traditional nonprofit funding models, they aren’t
+some look like traditional nonprofit funding models, they aren't
charity. The endeavor exchange value with people, just not necessarily
synchronously or in a way that requires that those values be equal. As
-David Bollier wrote in Think Like a Commoner, “There is no self-serving
-calculation of whether the value given and received is strictly equal.”
+David Bollier wrote in Think Like a Commoner, "There is no self-serving
+calculation of whether the value given and received is strictly equal."
-This should be a familiar dynamic—it is the way you deal with your
+This should be a familiar dynamic---it is the way you deal with your
friends and family. We give without regard for what and when we will get
-back. David Bollier wrote, “Reciprocal social exchange lies at the heart
+back. David Bollier wrote, "Reciprocal social exchange lies at the heart
of human identity, community and culture. It is a vital brain function
-that helps the human species survive and evolve.”
+that helps the human species survive and evolve."
What is rare is to incorporate this sort of relationship into an
-endeavor that also engages with the market.[^How-to-Be-Made-with-Creative-Commons-40] We almost can’t help but
+endeavor that also engages with the market.[^How-to-Be-Made-with-Creative-Commons-40] We almost can't help but
think of relationships in the market as being centered on an even-steven
exchange of value.[^How-to-Be-Made-with-Creative-Commons-41]
#### The pay-what-you-want model *\[RECIPROCITY-BASED\]*
In the pay-what-you-want model, the beneficiary of Creative Commons
-content is invited to give—at any amount they can and feel is
+content is invited to give---at any amount they can and feel is
appropriate, based on the public and personal value they feel is
generated by the open content. Critically, these models are not touted
-as “buying” something free. They are similar to a tip jar. People make
+as "buying" something free. They are similar to a tip jar. People make
financial contributions as an act of gratitude. These models capitalize
on the fact that we are naturally inclined to give money for things we
value in the marketplace, even in situations where we could find a way
Crowdfunding models are based on recouping the costs of creating and
distributing content before the content is created. If the endeavor is
Made with Creative Commons, anyone who wants the work in question could
-simply wait until it’s created and then access it for free. That means,
+simply wait until it's created and then access it for free. That means,
for this model to work, people have to care about more than just
receiving the work. They have to want you to succeed. Amanda Palmer
credits the success of her crowdfunding on Kickstarter and Patreon to
the years she spent building her community and creating a connection
-with her fans. She wrote in The Art of Asking, “Good art is made, good
+with her fans. She wrote in The Art of Asking, "Good art is made, good
art is shared, help is offered, ears are bent, emotions are exchanged,
the compost of real, deep connection is sprayed all over the fields.
Then one day, the artist steps up and asks for something. And if the
ground has been fertilized enough, the audience says, without
-hesitation: of course.”
+hesitation: of course."
Other types of crowdfunding rely on a sense of responsibility that a
particular community may feel. Knowledge Unlatched pools funds from
### Making Human Connections
Regardless of how they made money, in our interviews, we repeatedly
-heard language like “persuading people to buy” and “inviting people to
-pay.” We heard it even in connection with revenue streams that sit
-squarely within the market. Cory Doctorow told us, “I have to convince
-my readers that the right thing to do is to pay me.” The founders of the
+heard language like "persuading people to buy" and "inviting people to
+pay." We heard it even in connection with revenue streams that sit
+squarely within the market. Cory Doctorow told us, "I have to convince
+my readers that the right thing to do is to pay me." The founders of the
for-profit company Lumen Learning showed us the letter they send to
those who opt not to pay for the services they provide in connection
-with their CC-licensed educational content. It isn’t a cease-and-desist
-letter; it’s an invitation to pay because it’s the right thing to do.
+with their CC-licensed educational content. It isn't a cease-and-desist
+letter; it's an invitation to pay because it's the right thing to do.
This sort of behavior toward what could be considered nonpaying
customers is largely unheard of in the traditional marketplace. But it
seems to be part of the fabric of being Made with Creative Commons.
Nearly every endeavor we profiled relied, at least in part, on people
being invested in what they do. The closer the Creative Commons content
-is to being “the product,” the more pronounced this dynamic has to be.
+is to being "the product," the more pronounced this dynamic has to be.
Rather than simply selling a product or service, they are making
ideological, personal, and creative connections with the people who
value what they do.
about community, social good, contributing ideas, expressing a value
system, working together. These components of sharing are hard to
cultivate if you think about what you do in purely market terms. Decent
-social behavior isn’t as intuitive when we are doing something that
+social behavior isn't as intuitive when we are doing something that
involves monetary exchange. It takes a conscious effort to foster the
context for real sharing, based not strictly on impersonal market
exchange, but on connections with the people with whom you
-share—connections with you, with your work, with your values, with each
-other.
+share---connections with you, with your work, with your values, with
+each other.
The rest of this section will explore some of the common strategies that
creators, companies, and organizations use to remind us that there are
licenses work to demonstrate their humanity. For some, this means
pouring their lives out on the page. For others, it means showing their
creative process, giving a glimpse into how they do what they do. As
-writer Austin Kleon wrote, “Our work doesn’t speak for itself. Human
+writer Austin Kleon wrote, "Our work doesn't speak for itself. Human
beings want to know where things came from, how they were made, and who
made them. The stories you tell about the work you do have a huge effect
on how people feel and what they understand about your work, and how
people feel and what they understand about your work affects how they
-value it.”[^How-to-Be-Made-with-Creative-Commons-43]
+value it."[^How-to-Be-Made-with-Creative-Commons-43]
A critical component to doing this effectively is not worrying about
-being a “brand.” That means not being afraid to be vulnerable. Amanda
-Palmer says, “When you’re afraid of someone’s judgment, you can’t
-connect with them. You’re too preoccupied with the task of impressing
-them.” Not everyone is suited to live life as an open book like Palmer,
-and that’s OK. There are a lot of ways to be human. The trick is just
+being a "brand." That means not being afraid to be vulnerable. Amanda
+Palmer says, "When you're afraid of someone's judgment, you can't
+connect with them. You're too preoccupied with the task of impressing
+them." Not everyone is suited to live life as an open book like Palmer,
+and that's OK. There are a lot of ways to be human. The trick is just
avoiding pretense and the temptation to artificially craft an image.
-People don’t just want the glossy version of you. They can’t relate to
+People don't just want the glossy version of you. They can't relate to
it, at least not in a meaningful way.
This advice is probably even more important for businesses and
corporations and organizations make the people behind them more
apparent, it reminds people that they are dealing with something other
than an anonymous corporate entity. In business-speak, this is about
-“humanizing your interactions” with the public.[^How-to-Be-Made-with-Creative-Commons-44] But it can’t be a
-gimmick. You can’t fake being human.
+"humanizing your interactions" with the public.[^How-to-Be-Made-with-Creative-Commons-44] But it can't be a
+gimmick. You can't fake being human.
#### Be open and accountable
Transparency helps people understand who you are and why you do what you
do, but it also inspires trust. Max Temkin of Cards Against Humanity
-told us, “One of the most surprising things you can do in capitalism is
-just be honest with people.” That means sharing the good and the bad. As
-Amanda Palmer wrote, “You can fix almost anything by authentically
-communicating.”[^How-to-Be-Made-with-Creative-Commons-45] It isn’t about trying to satisfy everyone or trying to
+told us, "One of the most surprising things you can do in capitalism is
+just be honest with people." That means sharing the good and the bad. As
+Amanda Palmer wrote, "You can fix almost anything by authentically
+communicating."[^How-to-Be-Made-with-Creative-Commons-45] It isn't about trying to satisfy everyone or trying to
sugarcoat mistakes or bad news, but instead about explaining your
rationale and then being prepared to defend it when people are
critical.[^How-to-Be-Made-with-Creative-Commons-46]
collaboration.[^How-to-Be-Made-with-Creative-Commons-47] Instead, it can be as simple as asking for input and
then giving context and explanation about decisions you make, even if
soliciting feedback and inviting discourse is time-consuming. If you
-don’t go through the effort to actually respond to the input you
+don't go through the effort to actually respond to the input you
receive, it can be worse than not inviting input in the first place.[^How-to-Be-Made-with-Creative-Commons-48]
But when you get it right, it can guarantee the type of diversity of
thought that helps endeavors excel. And it is another way to get people
Traditional economics assumes people make decisions based solely on
their own economic self-interest.[^How-to-Be-Made-with-Creative-Commons-49] Any relatively introspective human
-knows this is a fiction—we are much more complicated beings with a whole
-range of needs, emotions, and motivations. In fact, we are hardwired to
-work together and ensure fairness.[^How-to-Be-Made-with-Creative-Commons-50] Being Made with Creative Commons
-requires an assumption that people will largely act on those social
-motivations, motivations that would be considered “irrational” in an
-economic sense. As Knowledge Unlatched’s Pinter told us, “It is best to
-ignore people who try to scare you about free riding. That fear is based
-on a very shallow view of what motivates human behavior.” There will
-always be people who will act in purely selfish ways, but endeavors that
-are Made with Creative Commons design for the good actors.
+knows this is a fiction---we are much more complicated beings with a
+whole range of needs, emotions, and motivations. In fact, we are
+hardwired to work together and ensure fairness.[^How-to-Be-Made-with-Creative-Commons-50] Being Made with
+Creative Commons requires an assumption that people will largely act on
+those social motivations, motivations that would be considered
+"irrational" in an economic sense. As Knowledge Unlatched's Pinter told
+us, "It is best to ignore people who try to scare you about free riding.
+That fear is based on a very shallow view of what motivates human
+behavior." There will always be people who will act in purely selfish
+ways, but endeavors that are Made with Creative Commons design for the
+good actors.
The assumption that people will largely do the right thing can be a
-self-fulfilling prophecy. Shirky wrote in Cognitive Surplus, “Systems
+self-fulfilling prophecy. Shirky wrote in Cognitive Surplus, "Systems
that assume people will act in ways that create public goods, and that
give them opportunities and rewards for doing so, often let them work
-together better than neoclassical economics would predict.”[^How-to-Be-Made-with-Creative-Commons-51] When we
+together better than neoclassical economics would predict."[^How-to-Be-Made-with-Creative-Commons-51] When we
acknowledge that people are often motivated by something other than
financial self-interest, we design our endeavors in ways that encourage
and accentuate our social instincts.
-Rather than trying to exert control over people’s behavior, this mode of
+Rather than trying to exert control over people's behavior, this mode of
operating requires a certain level of trust. We might not realize it,
but our daily lives are already built on trust. As Surowiecki wrote in
-The Wisdom of Crowds, “It’s impossible for a society to rely on law
-alone to make sure citizens act honestly and responsibly. And it’s
+The Wisdom of Crowds, "It's impossible for a society to rely on law
+alone to make sure citizens act honestly and responsibly. And it's
impossible for any organization to rely on contracts alone to make sure
-that its managers and workers live up to their obligation.” Instead, we
-largely trust that people—mostly strangers—will do what they are
+that its managers and workers live up to their obligation." Instead, we
+largely trust that people---mostly strangers---will do what they are
supposed to do.[^How-to-Be-Made-with-Creative-Commons-52] And most often, they do.
#### Treat humans like, well, humans
For creators, treating people as humans means not treating them like
-fans. As Kleon says, “If you want fans, you have to be a fan first.”[^How-to-Be-Made-with-Creative-Commons-53]
+fans. As Kleon says, "If you want fans, you have to be a fan first."[^How-to-Be-Made-with-Creative-Commons-53]
Even if you happen to be one of the few to reach celebrity levels of
fame, you are better off remembering that the people who follow your
work are human, too. Cory Doctorow makes a point to answer every single
with users.
When we treat people like humans, they typically return the gift in
-kind. It’s called karma. But social relationships are fragile. It is all
+kind. It's called karma. But social relationships are fragile. It is all
too easy to destroy them if you make the mistake of treating people as
anonymous customers or free labor.[^How-to-Be-Made-with-Creative-Commons-55] Platforms that rely on content from
contributors are especially at risk of creating an exploitative dynamic.
It is important to find ways to acknowledge and pay back the value that
contributors generate. That does not mean you can solve this problem by
simply paying contributors for their time or contributions. As soon as
-we introduce money into a relationship—at least when it takes a form of
-paying monetary value in exchange for other value—it can dramatically
-change the dynamic.[^How-to-Be-Made-with-Creative-Commons-56]
+we introduce money into a relationship---at least when it takes a form
+of paying monetary value in exchange for other value---it can
+dramatically change the dynamic.[^How-to-Be-Made-with-Creative-Commons-56]
#### State your principles and stick to them
will be drawn to endeavors that are Made with Creative Commons as a way
of demonstrating their own commitment to the Creative Commons value
system, akin to a political statement. Other times people will identify
-and feel connected with an endeavor’s separate social mission. Often
+and feel connected with an endeavor's separate social mission. Often
both.
-The expression of your values doesn’t have to be implicit. In fact, many
+The expression of your values doesn't have to be implicit. In fact, many
of the people we interviewed talked about how important it is to state
your guiding principles up front. Lumen Learning attributes a lot of
their success to having been outspoken about the fundamental values that
in which they operate.
When your end goal is not about making a profit, people trust that you
-aren’t just trying to extract value for your own gain. People notice
+aren't just trying to extract value for your own gain. People notice
when you have a sense of purpose that transcends your own
self-interest.[^How-to-Be-Made-with-Creative-Commons-57] It attracts committed employees, motivates
contributors, and builds trust.
using CC.
To be sustainable, though, you have to work to nurture community. People
-have to care—about you and each other. One critical piece to this is
+have to care---about you and each other. One critical piece to this is
fostering a sense of belonging. As Jono Bacon writes in The Art of
-Community, “If there is no belonging, there is no community.” For Amanda
+Community, "If there is no belonging, there is no community." For Amanda
Palmer and her band, that meant creating an accepting and inclusive
-environment where people felt a part of their “weird little family.”[^How-to-Be-Made-with-Creative-Commons-59]
+environment where people felt a part of their "weird little family."[^How-to-Be-Made-with-Creative-Commons-59]
For organizations like Red Hat, that means connecting around common
beliefs or goals. As the CEO Jim Whitehurst wrote in The Open
-Organization, “Tapping into passion is especially important in building
+Organization, "Tapping into passion is especially important in building
the kinds of participative communities that drive open
-organizations.”[^How-to-Be-Made-with-Creative-Commons-60]
+organizations."[^How-to-Be-Made-with-Creative-Commons-60]
Communities that collaborate together take deliberate planning.
-Surowiecki wrote, “It takes a lot of work to put the group together.
-It’s difficult to ensure that people are working in the group’s interest
-and not in their own. And when there’s a lack of trust between the
-members of the group (which isn’t surprising given that they don’t
+Surowiecki wrote, "It takes a lot of work to put the group together.
+It's difficult to ensure that people are working in the group's interest
+and not in their own. And when there's a lack of trust between the
+members of the group (which isn't surprising given that they don't
really know each other), considerable energy is wasted trying to
-determine each other’s bona fides.”[^How-to-Be-Made-with-Creative-Commons-61] Building true community requires
+determine each other's bona fides."[^How-to-Be-Made-with-Creative-Commons-61] Building true community requires
giving people within the community the power to create or influence the
rules that govern the community.[^How-to-Be-Made-with-Creative-Commons-62] If the rules are created and imposed
-in a top-down manner, people feel like they don’t have a voice, which in
+in a top-down manner, people feel like they don't have a voice, which in
turn leads to disengagement.
Community takes work, but working together, or even simply being
Conventional wisdom in the marketplace dictates that people should try
to extract as much money as possible from resources. This is essentially
what defines so much of the so-called sharing economy. In an article on
-the Harvard Business Review website called “The Sharing Economy Isn’t
-about Sharing at All,” authors Giana Eckhardt and Fleura Bardhi
+the Harvard Business Review website called "The Sharing Economy Isn't
+about Sharing at All," authors Giana Eckhardt and Fleura Bardhi
explained how the anonymous market-driven trans-actions in most
sharing-economy businesses are purely about monetizing access.[^How-to-Be-Made-with-Creative-Commons-63] As Lisa
Gansky put it in her book The Mesh, the primary strategy of the sharing
rather than ownership.[^How-to-Be-Made-with-Creative-Commons-64] That is not sharing.
Sharing requires adding as much or more value to the ecosystem than you
-take. You can’t simply treat open content as a free pool of resources
+take. You can't simply treat open content as a free pool of resources
from which to extract value. Part of giving back to the ecosystem is
contributing content back to the public under CC licenses. But it
-doesn’t have to just be about creating content; it can be about adding
+doesn't have to just be about creating content; it can be about adding
value in other ways. The social blogging platform Medium provides value
to its community by incentivizing good behavior, and the result is an
online space with remarkably high-quality user-generated content and
acting on their own are immensely valuable in the aggregate. Those same
sorts of small contributions would be less useful for many other types
of creative work, and people are inherently less motivated to contribute
-when it doesn’t appear that their efforts will make much of a
+when it doesn't appear that their efforts will make much of a
difference.[^How-to-Be-Made-with-Creative-Commons-69]
It is easy to romanticize the opportunities for global cocreation made
possible by the Internet, and, indeed, the successful examples of it are
truly incredible and inspiring. But in a wide range of
-circumstances—perhaps more often than not—community cocreation is not
-part of the equation, even within endeavors built on CC content. Shirky
-wrote, “Sometimes the value of professional work trumps the value of
-amateur sharing or a feeling of belonging.[^How-to-Be-Made-with-Creative-Commons-70] The textbook publisher
+circumstances---perhaps more often than not---community cocreation is
+not part of the equation, even within endeavors built on CC content.
+Shirky wrote, "Sometimes the value of professional work trumps the value
+of amateur sharing or a feeling of belonging.[^How-to-Be-Made-with-Creative-Commons-70] The textbook publisher
OpenStax, which distributes all of its material for free under CC
licensing, is an example of this dynamic. Rather than tapping the
community to help cocreate their college textbooks, they invest a
For individual creators, where the creative work is the basis for what
they do, community cocreation is only rarely a part of the picture. Even
musician Amanda Palmer, who is famous for her openness and involvement
-with her fans, said, “The only department where I wasn’t open to input
-was the writing, the music itself.”[^How-to-Be-Made-with-Creative-Commons-71]
+with her fans, said, "The only department where I wasn't open to input
+was the writing, the music itself."[^How-to-Be-Made-with-Creative-Commons-71]
While we tend to immediately think of cocreation and remixing when we
hear the word collaboration, you can also involve others in your
creative process in more informal ways, by sharing half-baked ideas and
early drafts, and interacting with the public to incubate ideas and get
-feedback. So-called “making in public” opens the door to letting people
+feedback. So-called "making in public" opens the door to letting people
feel more invested in your creative work.[^How-to-Be-Made-with-Creative-Commons-72] And it shows a
nonterritorial approach to ideas and information. Stephen Covey (of The
7 Habits of Highly Effective People fame) calls this the abundance
-mentality—treating ideas like something plentiful—and it can create an
-environment where collaboration flourishes.[^How-to-Be-Made-with-Creative-Commons-73]
+mentality---treating ideas like something plentiful---and it can create
+an environment where collaboration flourishes.[^How-to-Be-Made-with-Creative-Commons-73]
There is no one way to involve people in what you do. They key is
finding a way for people to contribute on their terms, compelled by
[^How-to-Be-Made-with-Creative-Commons-1]: Alex Osterwalder and Yves Pigneur, Business Model Generation
(Hoboken, NJ: John Wiley and Sons, 2010), 14. A preview of the book
is available at [](http://strategyzer.com/books/business-model-generation).
-[^How-to-Be-Made-with-Creative-Commons-2]: Cory Doctorow, Information Doesn’t Want to Be Free: Laws for the
- Internet Age (San Francisco, CA: McSweeney’s, 2014) 68.
+[^How-to-Be-Made-with-Creative-Commons-2]: Cory Doctorow, Information Doesn't Want to Be Free: Laws for the
+ Internet Age (San Francisco, CA: McSweeney's, 2014) 68.
[^How-to-Be-Made-with-Creative-Commons-3]: Ibid., 55.
-[^How-to-Be-Made-with-Creative-Commons-4]: Chris Anderson, Free: How Today’s Smartest Businesses Profit by
+[^How-to-Be-Made-with-Creative-Commons-4]: Chris Anderson, Free: How Today's Smartest Businesses Profit by
Giving Something for Nothing, reprint with new preface (New York:
Hyperion, 2010), 224.
-[^How-to-Be-Made-with-Creative-Commons-5]: Doctorow, Information Doesn’t Want to Be Free, 44.
+[^How-to-Be-Made-with-Creative-Commons-5]: Doctorow, Information Doesn't Want to Be Free, 44.
[^How-to-Be-Made-with-Creative-Commons-6]: Amanda Palmer, The Art of Asking: Or How I Learned to Stop Worrying
and Let People Help (New York: Grand Central, 2014), 121.
[^How-to-Be-Made-with-Creative-Commons-7]: Chris Anderson, Makers: The New Industrial Revolution (New York:
[^How-to-Be-Made-with-Creative-Commons-10]: Bryan Kramer, Shareology: How Sharing Is Powering the Human Economy
(New York: Morgan James, 2016), 10.
[^How-to-Be-Made-with-Creative-Commons-11]: Anderson, Free, 62.
-[^How-to-Be-Made-with-Creative-Commons-12]: Doctorow, Information Doesn’t Want to Be Free, 38.
+[^How-to-Be-Made-with-Creative-Commons-12]: Doctorow, Information Doesn't Want to Be Free, 38.
[^How-to-Be-Made-with-Creative-Commons-13]: Bollier, Think Like a Commoner, 68.
[^How-to-Be-Made-with-Creative-Commons-14]: Anderson, Free, 86.
-[^How-to-Be-Made-with-Creative-Commons-15]: Doctorow, Information Doesn’t Want to Be Free, 144.
+[^How-to-Be-Made-with-Creative-Commons-15]: Doctorow, Information Doesn't Want to Be Free, 144.
[^How-to-Be-Made-with-Creative-Commons-16]: Anderson, Free, 123.
[^How-to-Be-Made-with-Creative-Commons-17]: Ibid., 132.
[^How-to-Be-Made-with-Creative-Commons-18]: Ibid., 70.
[^How-to-Be-Made-with-Creative-Commons-19]: James Surowiecki, The Wisdom of Crowds (New York: Anchor Books,
- 2005), 124. Surowiecki says, “The measure of success of laws and
- contracts is how rarely they are invoked.”
+ 2005), 124. Surowiecki says, "The measure of success of laws and
+ contracts is how rarely they are invoked."
[^How-to-Be-Made-with-Creative-Commons-20]: Anderson, Free, 44.
[^How-to-Be-Made-with-Creative-Commons-21]: Osterwalder and Pigneur, Business Model Generation, 23.
[^How-to-Be-Made-with-Creative-Commons-22]: Anderson, Free, 67.
[^How-to-Be-Made-with-Creative-Commons-25]: Clay Shirky, Cognitive Surplus: How Technology Makes Consumers into
Collaborators (London: Penguin Books, 2010), 78.
[^How-to-Be-Made-with-Creative-Commons-26]: Ibid., 21.
-[^How-to-Be-Made-with-Creative-Commons-27]: Doctorow, Information Doesn’t Want to Be Free, 43.
-[^How-to-Be-Made-with-Creative-Commons-28]: William Landes Foster, Peter Kim, and Barbara Christiansen, “Ten
- Nonprofit Funding Models,” Stanford Social Innovation Review, Spring
+[^How-to-Be-Made-with-Creative-Commons-27]: Doctorow, Information Doesn't Want to Be Free, 43.
+[^How-to-Be-Made-with-Creative-Commons-28]: William Landes Foster, Peter Kim, and Barbara Christiansen, "Ten
+ Nonprofit Funding Models," Stanford Social Innovation Review, Spring
2009, [](http://ssir.org/articles/entry/ten\_nonprofit\_funding\_models).
[^How-to-Be-Made-with-Creative-Commons-29]: Shirky, Cognitive Surplus, 111.
[^How-to-Be-Made-with-Creative-Commons-30]: Osterwalder and Pigneur, Business Model Generation, 30.
[^How-to-Be-Made-with-Creative-Commons-55]: Ariely, Predictably Irrational, 87.
[^How-to-Be-Made-with-Creative-Commons-56]: Ibid., 105.
[^How-to-Be-Made-with-Creative-Commons-57]: Ibid., 36.
-[^How-to-Be-Made-with-Creative-Commons-58]: Jono Bacon, The Art of Community, 2nd ed. (Sebastopol, CA: O’Reilly
+[^How-to-Be-Made-with-Creative-Commons-58]: Jono Bacon, The Art of Community, 2nd ed. (Sebastopol, CA: O'Reilly
Media, 2012), 36.
[^How-to-Be-Made-with-Creative-Commons-59]: Palmer, Art of Asking, 98.
[^How-to-Be-Made-with-Creative-Commons-60]: Whitehurst, Open Organization, 34.
[^How-to-Be-Made-with-Creative-Commons-61]: Surowiecki, Wisdom of Crowds, 200.
[^How-to-Be-Made-with-Creative-Commons-62]: Bollier, Think Like a Commoner, 29.
-[^How-to-Be-Made-with-Creative-Commons-63]: Giana Eckhardt and Fleura Bardhi, “The Sharing Economy Isn’t about
- Sharing at All,” Harvard Business Review (website), January 28,
+[^How-to-Be-Made-with-Creative-Commons-63]: Giana Eckhardt and Fleura Bardhi, "The Sharing Economy Isn't about
+ Sharing at All," Harvard Business Review (website), January 28,
2015, [](http://hbr.org/2015/01/the-sharing-economy-isnt-about-sharing-at-all).
[^How-to-Be-Made-with-Creative-Commons-64]: Lisa Gansky, The Mesh: Why the Future of Business Is Sharing,
reprint with new epilogue (New York: Portfolio, 2012).
-[^How-to-Be-Made-with-Creative-Commons-65]: David Lee, “Inside Medium: An Attempt to Bring Civility to the
- Internet,” BBC News, March 3, 2016,
+[^How-to-Be-Made-with-Creative-Commons-65]: David Lee, "Inside Medium: An Attempt to Bring Civility to the
+ Internet," BBC News, March 3, 2016,
[](http://www.bbc.com/news/technology-35709680).
[^How-to-Be-Made-with-Creative-Commons-66]: Anderson, Makers, 148.
[^How-to-Be-Made-with-Creative-Commons-67]: Shirky, Cognitive Surplus, 164.
[^How-to-Be-Made-with-Creative-Commons-73]: Tom Kelley and David Kelley, Creative Confidence: Unleashing the
Potential within Us All (New York: Crown, 2013), 82.
[^How-to-Be-Made-with-Creative-Commons-74]: Whitehurst, foreword to Open Organization.
-[^How-to-Be-Made-with-Creative-Commons-75]: Rachel Botsman and Roo Rogers, What’s Mine Is Yours: The Rise of
+[^How-to-Be-Made-with-Creative-Commons-75]: Rachel Botsman and Roo Rogers, What's Mine Is Yours: The Rise of
Collaborative Consumption (New York: Harper Business, 2010), 188.
## The Creative Commons Licenses
The Attribution-Share-Alike license (CC BY-SA) lets others remix, tweak,
and build upon your work, even for commercial purposes, as long as they
credit you and license their new creations under identical terms. This
-license is often compared to “copyleft” free and open source software
+license is often compared to "copyleft" free and open source software
licenses. All new works based on yours will carry the same license, so
any derivatives will also allow commercial use.
The Attribution-NonCommercial license (CC BY-NC) lets others remix,
tweak, and build upon your work noncommercially. Although their new
-works must also acknowledge you, they don’t have to license their
+works must also acknowledge you, they don't have to license their
derivative works on the same terms.
{width="40%"
The Attribution-NonCommercial-NoDerivs license (CC BY-NC-ND) is the most
restrictive of our six main licenses, only allowing others to download
your works and share them with others as long as they credit you, but
-they can’t change them or use them commercially.
+they can't change them or use them commercially.
In addition to these six licenses, Creative Commons has two
-public-domain tools—one for creators and the other for those who manage
-collections of existing works by authors whose terms of copyright have
-expired:
+public-domain tools---one for creators and the other for those who
+manage collections of existing works by authors whose terms of copyright
+have expired:
{width="40%"
}
CC0 enables authors and copyright owners to dedicate their works to the
-worldwide public domain (“no rights reserved”).
+worldwide public domain ("no rights reserved").
{width="40%"
}
true that a license that allows others to make commercial use of your
work (CC BY, CC BY-SA, and CC BY-ND) forecloses some traditional revenue
streams. If you apply an Attribution (CC BY) license to your book, you
-can’t force a film company to pay you royalties if they turn your book
+can't force a film company to pay you royalties if they turn your book
into a feature-length film, or prevent another company from selling
physical copies of your work.
significant portion of the exclusive bundle of rights that copyright
grants to creators. In some cases, reserving those rights is important
to how you bring in revenue. In other cases, creators use a
-NonCommercial or NoDerivs license because they can’t give up on the
+NonCommercial or NoDerivs license because they can't give up on the
dream of hitting the creative jackpot. The music platform Tribe of Noise
told us the NonCommercial licenses were popular among their users
because people still held out the dream of having a major record label
For more about the licenses including examples and tips on sharing your
work in the digital commons, start with the Creative Commons page called
-“Share Your Work” at
+"Share Your Work" at
+
[](http://creativecommons.org/share-your-work/).
In 2005, at the Interaction Design Institute Ivrea in northern Italy,
teachers and students needed an easy way to use electronics and
programming to quickly prototype design ideas. As musicians, artists,
-and designers, they needed a platform that didn’t require engineering
+and designers, they needed a platform that didn't require engineering
expertise. A group of teachers and students, including Massimo Banzi,
David Cuartielles, Tom Igoe, Gianluca Martino, and David Mellis, built a
platform that combined different open technologies. They called it
hardware designs and documentation with the Attribution-Share-Alike
license (CC BY-SA), and software with the GNU General Public License.
-Arduino boards are able to read inputs—light on a sensor, a finger on a
-button, or a Twitter message—and turn it into outputs—activating a
+Arduino boards are able to read inputs---light on a sensor, a finger on
+a button, or a Twitter message---and turn it into outputs---activating a
motor, turning on an LED, publishing something online. You send a set of
instructions to the microcontroller on the board by using the Arduino
programming language and Arduino software (based on a piece of
open-source software called Processing, a programming tool used to make
visual art).
-“The reasons for making Arduino open source are complicated,” Tom says.
+"The reasons for making Arduino open source are complicated," Tom says.
Partly it was about supporting flexibility. The open-source nature of
Arduino empowers users to modify it and create a lot of different
variations, adding on top of what the founders build. David says this
-“ended up strengthening the platform far beyond what we had even thought
-of building.”
+"ended up strengthening the platform far beyond what we had even thought
+of building."
For Tom another factor was the impending closure of the Ivrea design
-school. He’d seen other organizations close their doors and all their
+school. He'd seen other organizations close their doors and all their
work and research just disappear. Open-sourcing ensured that Arduino
would outlive the Ivrea closure. Persistence is one thing Tom really
likes about open source. If key people leave, or a company shuts down,
-an open-source product lives on. In Tom’s view, “Open sourcing makes it
+an open-source product lives on. In Tom's view, "Open sourcing makes it
easier to trust a
-product.”
+product."
With the school closing, David and some of the other Arduino founders
started a consulting firm and multidisciplinary design studio they
new technologies in creative ways. Revenue from Tinker was invested in
sustaining and enhancing Arduino.
-For Tom, part of Arduino’s success is because the founders made
+For Tom, part of Arduino's success is because the founders made
themselves the first customer of their product. They made products they
-themselves personally wanted. It was a matter of “I need this thing,”
-not “If we make this, we’ll make a lot of money.” Tom notes that being
+themselves personally wanted. It was a matter of "I need this thing,"
+not "If we make this, we'll make a lot of money." Tom notes that being
your own first customer makes you more confident and convincing at
selling your product.
-Arduino’s business model has evolved over time—and Tom says model is a
+Arduino's business model has evolved over time---and Tom says model is a
grandiose term for it. Originally, they just wanted to make a few boards
and get them out into the world. They started out with two hundred
boards, sold them, and made a little profit. They used that to make
the venture going day to day. When they hit the ten thousand mark, they
started to think about Arduino as a company. By then it was clear you
can open-source the design but still manufacture the physical product.
-As long as it’s a quality product and sold at a reasonable price, people
+As long as it's a quality product and sold at a reasonable price, people
will buy it.
-Arduino now has a worldwide community of makers—students, hobbyists,
+Arduino now has a worldwide community of makers---students, hobbyists,
artists, programmers, and professionals. Arduino provides a wiki called
Playground (a wiki is where all users can edit and add pages,
contributing to and benefiting from collective research). People share
code, circuit diagrams, tutorials, DIY instructions, and tips and
-tricks, and show off their projects. In addition, there’s a
+tricks, and show off their projects. In addition, there's a
multilanguage discussion forum where users can get help using Arduino,
discuss topics like robotics, and make suggestions for new Arduino
product designs. As of January 2017, 324,928 members had made 2,989,489
For a business, getting to the end of the year and not being in the red
is a success. Arduino may have an open-licensing strategy, but they are
still a business, and all the things needed to successfully run one
-still apply. David says, “If you do those other things well, sharing
-things in an open-source way can only help you.”
+still apply. David says, "If you do those other things well, sharing
+things in an open-source way can only help you."
While openly licensing the designs, documentation, and software ensures
-longevity, it does have risks. There’s a possibility that others will
+longevity, it does have risks. There's a possibility that others will
create knockoffs, clones, and copies. The CC BY-SA license means anyone
can produce copies of their boards, redesign them, and even sell boards
-that copy the design. They don’t have to pay a license fee to Arduino or
+that copy the design. They don't have to pay a license fee to Arduino or
even ask permission. However, if they republish the design of the board,
they have to give attribution to Arduino. If they change the design,
they must release the new design using the same Creative Commons license
smaller form-factor of classic boards), shields (elements that can be
plugged onto a board to give it extra features), and kits.[^Arduino-1]
-Arduino’s focus is on high-quality boards, well-designed support
+Arduino's focus is on high-quality boards, well-designed support
materials, and the building of community; this focus is one of the keys
to their success. And being open lets you build a real community. David
-says Arduino’s community is a big strength and something that really
-does matter—in his words, “It’s good business.” When they started, the
+says Arduino's community is a big strength and something that really
+does matter---in his words, "It's good business." When they started, the
Arduino team had almost entirely no idea how to build a community. They
started by conducting numerous workshops, working directly with people
using the platform to make sure the hardware and software worked the way
-it was meant to work and solved people’s problems. The community grew
+it was meant to work and solved people's problems. The community grew
organically from there.
A key decision for Arduino was trademarking the name. The founders
sanctioned by them. If others want to sell boards using the Arduino name
and logo, they have to pay a small fee to Arduino. This allows Arduino
to scale up manufacturing and distribution while at the same time
-ensuring the Arduino brand isn’t hurt by low-quality copies.
+ensuring the Arduino brand isn't hurt by low-quality copies.
Current official manufacturers are Smart Projects in Italy, SparkFun in
the United States, and Dog Hunter in Taiwan/China. These are the only
manufacturers that are allowed to use the Arduino logo on their boards.
Trademarking their brand provided the founders with a way to protect
Arduino, build it out further, and fund software and tutorial
-development. The trademark-licensing fee for the brand became Arduino’s
+development. The trademark-licensing fee for the brand became Arduino's
revenue-generating model.
-How far to open things up wasn’t always something the founders perfectly
+How far to open things up wasn't always something the founders perfectly
agreed on. David, who was always one to advocate for opening things up
more, had some fears about protecting the Arduino name, thinking people
would be mad if they policed their brand. There was some early backlash
a default strategy, and then think about whether there is anything that
really needs to be protected and why. There are lots of good reasons to
not open up certain elements. This strategy of sharing everything is
-certainly the complete opposite of how today’s world operates, where
+certainly the complete opposite of how today's world operates, where
nothing is shared. Tom suggests a business formalize which elements are
based on open sharing and which are closed. An Arduino blog post from
-2013 entitled “Send In the Clones,” by one of the founders Massimo
+2013 entitled "Send In the Clones," by one of the founders Massimo
Banzi, does a great job of explaining the full complexities of how
trademarking their brand has played out, distinguishing between official
boards and those that are clones, derivatives, compatibles, and
For David, an exciting aspect of Arduino is the way lots of people can
use it to adapt technology in many different ways. Technology is always
-making more things possible but doesn’t always focus on making it easy
-to use and adapt. This is where Arduino steps in. Arduino’s goal is
-“making things that help other people make things.”
+making more things possible but doesn't always focus on making it easy
+to use and adapt. This is where Arduino steps in. Arduino's goal is
+"making things that help other people make things."
Arduino has been hugely successful in making technology and electronics
-reach a larger audience. For Tom, Arduino has been about “the
-democratization of technology.” Tom sees Arduino’s open-source strategy
+reach a larger audience. For Tom, Arduino has been about "the
+democratization of technology." Tom sees Arduino's open-source strategy
as helping the world get over the idea that technology has to be
-protected. Tom says, “Technology is a literacy everyone should learn.”
+protected. Tom says, "Technology is a literacy everyone should learn."
-Ultimately, for Arduino, going open has been good business—good for
+Ultimately, for Arduino, going open has been good business---good for
product development, good for distribution, good for pricing, and good
for manufacturing.
>
> Profile written by Sarah Hinchliff Pearson
-The story of Mariana Fossatti and Jorge Gemetto’s business, Ártica, is
+The story of Mariana Fossatti and Jorge Gemetto's business, Ártica, is
the ultimate example of DIY. Not only are they successful entrepreneurs,
the niche in which their small business operates is essentially one they
built themselves.
-Their dream jobs didn’t exist, so they created them.
+Their dream jobs didn't exist, so they created them.
In 2011, Mariana was a sociologist working for an international
organization to develop research and online education about
Ártica offers personalized education and consulting services, and helps
clients implement projects. All of these services are customized. They
-call it an “artisan” process because of the time and effort it takes to
-adapt their work for the particular needs of students and clients. “Each
+call it an "artisan" process because of the time and effort it takes to
+adapt their work for the particular needs of students and clients. "Each
student or client is paying for a specific solution to his or her
-problems and questions,” Mariana said. Rather than sell access to their
+problems and questions," Mariana said. Rather than sell access to their
content, they provide it for free and charge for the personalized
services.
When they started, they offered a smaller number of courses designed to
-attract large audiences. “Over the years, we realized that online
-communities are more specific than we thought,” Mariana said. Ártica now
+attract large audiences. "Over the years, we realized that online
+communities are more specific than we thought," Mariana said. Ártica now
provides more options for classes and has lower enrollment in each
course. This means they can provide more attention to individual
students and offer classes on more specialized topics.
They take the stance that every new project leads them to something new,
every new resource they create opens new doors.
-Ártica relies heavily on their free Creative Commons–licensed content to
-attract new students and clients. Everything they create—online
-education, blog posts, videos—is published under an
-Attribution-ShareAlike license (CC BY-SA). “We use a ShareAlike license
+Ártica relies heavily on their free Creative Commons--licensed content
+to attract new students and clients. Everything they create---online
+education, blog posts, videos---is published under an
+Attribution-ShareAlike license (CC BY-SA). "We use a ShareAlike license
because we want to give the greatest freedom to our students and
-readers, and we also want that freedom to be viral,” Jorge said. For
+readers, and we also want that freedom to be viral," Jorge said. For
them, giving others the right to reuse and remix their content is a
-fundamental value. “How can you offer an online educational service
+fundamental value. "How can you offer an online educational service
without giving permission to download, make and keep copies, or print
-the educational resources?” Jorge said. “If we want to do the best for
-our students—those who trust in us to the point that they are willing to
-pay online without face-to-face contact—we have to offer them a fair and
-ethical agreement.”
+the educational resources?" Jorge said. "If we want to do the best for
+our students---those who trust in us to the point that they are willing
+to pay online without face-to-face contact---we have to offer them a
+fair and ethical agreement."
They also believe sharing their ideas and expertise openly helps them
build their reputation and visibility. People often share and cite their
way to open up new opportunities for their business.
This belief that openness creates new opportunities reflects another
-belief—in serendipity. When describing their process for creating
+belief---in serendipity. When describing their process for creating
content, they spoke of all of the spontaneous and organic ways they find
-inspiration. “Sometimes, the collaborative process starts with a
-conversation between us, or with friends from other projects,” Jorge
-said. “That can be the first step for a new blog post or another simple
+inspiration. "Sometimes, the collaborative process starts with a
+conversation between us, or with friends from other projects," Jorge
+said. "That can be the first step for a new blog post or another simple
piece of content, which can evolve to a more complex product in the
-future, like a course or a book.”
+future, like a course or a book."
Rather than planning their work in advance, they let their creative
-process be dynamic. “This doesn’t mean that we don’t need to work hard
+process be dynamic. "This doesn't mean that we don't need to work hard
in order to get good professional results, but the design process is
-more flexible,” Jorge said. They share early and often, and they adjust
+more flexible," Jorge said. They share early and often, and they adjust
based on what they learn, always exploring and testing new ideas and
ways of operating. In many ways, for them, the process is just as
important as the final product.
-People and relationships are also just as important, sometimes more. “In
+People and relationships are also just as important, sometimes more. "In
the educational and cultural business, it is more important to pay
attention to people and process, rather than content or specific formats
-or materials,” Mariana said. “Materials and content are fluid. The
-important thing is the relationships.”
+or materials," Mariana said. "Materials and content are fluid. The
+important thing is the relationships."
Ártica believes in the power of the network. They seek to make
connections with people and institutions across the globe so they can
learn from them and share their knowledge.
-At the core of everything Ártica does is a set of values. “Good content
-is not enough,” Jorge said. “We also think that it is very important to
-take a stand for some things in the cultural sector.” Mariana and Jorge
+At the core of everything Ártica does is a set of values. "Good content
+is not enough," Jorge said. "We also think that it is very important to
+take a stand for some things in the cultural sector." Mariana and Jorge
are activists. They defend free culture (the movement promoting the
freedom to modify and distribute creative work) and work to demonstrate
the intersection between free culture and other social-justice
operation is small, efficient, and sustainable, and because of that, it
is a success.
-“There are lots of people offering online courses,” Jorge said. “But it
+"There are lots of people offering online courses," Jorge said. "But it
is easy to differentiate us. We have an approach that is very specific
-and personal.” Ártica’s model is rooted in the personal at every level.
+and personal." Ártica's model is rooted in the personal at every level.
For Mariana and Jorge, success means doing what brings them personal
meaning and purpose, and doing it sustainably and collaboratively.
In their work with younger artists, Mariana and Jorge try to emphasize
that this model of success is just as valuable as the picture of success
-we get from the media. “If they seek only the traditional type of
-success, they will get frustrated,” Mariana said. “We try to show them
-another image of what it looks like.”
+we get from the media. "If they seek only the traditional type of
+success, they will get frustrated," Mariana said. "We try to show them
+another image of what it looks like."
## Blender Institute
>
Rather than just talking about the theoretical benefits of sharing and
free culture, Ton is very much about doing and making free culture.
-Blender’s production coordinator Francesco Siddi told us, “Ton believes
-if you don’t make content using your tools, then you’re not doing
-anything.”
+Blender's production coordinator Francesco Siddi told us, "Ton believes
+if you don't make content using your tools, then you're not doing
+anything."
-Blender’s history begins in the late 1990s, when Ton created the Blender
+Blender's history begins in the late 1990s, when Ton created the Blender
software. Originally, the software was an in-house resource for his
animation studio based in the Netherlands. Investors became interested
in the software, so he began marketing the software to the public,
offering a free version in addition to a paid version. Sales were
disappointing, and his investors gave up on the endeavor in the early
-2000s. He made a deal with investors—if he could raise enough money, he
-could then make the Blender software available under the GNU General
+2000s. He made a deal with investors---if he could raise enough money,
+he could then make the Blender software available under the GNU General
Public License.
This was long before Kickstarter and other online crowdfunding sites
quickly raised the money he needed. The Blender software became freely
available for anyone to use. Simply applying the General Public License
to the software, however, was not enough to create a thriving community
-around it. Francesco told us, “Software of this complexity relies on
+around it. Francesco told us, "Software of this complexity relies on
people and their vision of how people work together. Ton is a fantastic
community builder and manager, and he put a lot of work into fostering a
-community of developers so that the project could live.”
+community of developers so that the project could live."
Like any successful free and open-source software project, Blender
developed quickly because the community could make fixes and
-improvements. “Software should be free and open to hack,” Francesco
-said. “Otherwise, everyone is doing the same thing in the dark for ten
-years.” Ton set up the Blender Foundation to oversee and steward the
+improvements. "Software should be free and open to hack," Francesco
+said. "Otherwise, everyone is doing the same thing in the dark for ten
+years." Ton set up the Blender Foundation to oversee and steward the
software development and maintenance.
After a few years, Ton began looking for new ways to push development of
They turned to crowdfunding to subsidize the costs of the project. They
had about twenty people working full-time for six to ten months, so the
costs were significant. Francesco said that when their crowdfunding
-campaign succeeded, people were astounded. “The idea that making money
+campaign succeeded, people were astounded. "The idea that making money
was possible by producing CC-licensed material was mind-blowing to
-people,” he said. “They were like, ‘I have to see it to believe it.’”
+people," he said. "They were like, 'I have to see it to believe it.'"
The first film, which was released in 2006, was an experiment. It was so
successful that Ton decided to set up the Blender Institute, an entity
-dedicated to hosting open-movie projects. The Blender Institute’s next
+dedicated to hosting open-movie projects. The Blender Institute's next
project was an even bigger success. The film, Big Buck Bunny, went
viral, and its animated characters were picked up by marketers.
on storytelling. Francesco says the process is almost on an industrial
scale because of the number of moving parts. This requires a lot of
specialized assistance, but the Blender Institute has no problem finding
-the talent it needs to help on projects. “Blender hardly does any
-recruiting for film projects because the talent emerges naturally,”
-Francesco said. “So many people want to work with us, and we can’t
-always hire them because of budget constraints.”
+the talent it needs to help on projects. "Blender hardly does any
+recruiting for film projects because the talent emerges naturally,"
+Francesco said. "So many people want to work with us, and we can't
+always hire them because of budget constraints."
Blender has had a lot of success raising money from its community over
the years. In many ways, the pitch has gotten easier to make. Not only
is crowdfunding simply more familiar to the public, but people know and
trust Blender to deliver, and Ton has developed a reputation as an
-effective community leader and visionary for their work. “There is a
-whole community who sees and understands the benefit of these projects,”
+effective community leader and visionary for their work. "There is a
+whole community who sees and understands the benefit of these projects,"
Francesco said.
While these benefits of each open-movie project make a compelling pitch
for crowdfunding campaigns, Francesco told us the Blender Institute has
found some limitations in the standard crowdfunding model where you
-propose a specific project and ask for funding. “Once a project is over,
-everyone goes home,” he said. “It is great fun, but then it ends. That
-is a problem.”
+propose a specific project and ask for funding. "Once a project is over,
+everyone goes home," he said. "It is great fun, but then it ends. That
+is a problem."
To make their work more sustainable, they needed a way to receive
ongoing support rather than on a project-by-project basis. Their
solution is Blender Cloud, a subscription-style crowdfunding model akin
to the online crowdfunding platform, Patreon. For about ten euros each
month, subscribers get access to download everything the Blender
-Institute produces—software, art, training, and more. All of the assets
-are available under an Attribution license (CC BY) or placed in the
-public domain (CC0), but they are initially made available only to
-subscribers. Blender Cloud enables subscribers to follow Blender’s movie
+Institute produces---software, art, training, and more. All of the
+assets are available under an Attribution license (CC BY) or placed in
+the public domain (CC0), but they are initially made available only to
+subscribers. Blender Cloud enables subscribers to follow Blender's movie
projects as they develop, sharing detailed information and content used
in the creative process. Blender Cloud also has extensive training
materials and libraries of characters and other assets used in various
The continuous financial support provided by Blender Cloud subsidizes
five to six full-time employees at the Blender Institute. Francesco says
-their goal is to grow their subscriber base. “This is our freedom,” he
-told us, “and for artists, freedom is everything.”
+their goal is to grow their subscriber base. "This is our freedom," he
+told us, "and for artists, freedom is everything."
Blender Cloud is the primary revenue stream of the Blender Institute.
The Blender Foundation is funded primarily by donations, and that money
Since 2006, he has been making films available along with all of their
source material. He says he has hardly ever seen people stepping into
-Blender’s shoes and trying to make money off of their content. Ton
+Blender's shoes and trying to make money off of their content. Ton
believes this is because the true value of what they do is in the
-creative and production process. “Even when you share everything, all
+creative and production process. "Even when you share everything, all
your original sources, it still takes a lot of talent, skills, time, and
-budget to reproduce what you did,” Ton said.
+budget to reproduce what you did," Ton said.
For Ton and Blender, it all comes back to doing.
> Profile written by Sarah Hinchliff Pearson
If you ask cofounder Max Temkin, there is nothing particularly
-interesting about the Cards Against Humanity business model. “We make a
-product. We sell it for money. Then we spend less money than we make,”
+interesting about the Cards Against Humanity business model. "We make a
+product. We sell it for money. Then we spend less money than we make,"
Max said.
He is right. Cards Against Humanity is a simple party game, modeled
fill-in-the-blank statement from a black card, and the other players
submit their funniest white card in response. The catch is that all of
the cards are filled with crude, gruesome, and otherwise awful things.
-For the right kind of people (“horrible people,” according to Cards
+For the right kind of people ("horrible people," according to Cards
Against Humanity advertising), this makes for a hilarious and fun game.
The revenue model is simple. Physical copies of the game are sold for a
available under the same noncommercial terms. The ability to adapt the
game is like an entire new game unto itself.
-All together, these factors—the crass tone of the game and company, the
-free download, the
-openness to fans remixing the game—give
+All together, these factors---the crass tone of the game and company,
+the free download, the
+
+openness to fans remixing the game---give
+
the game a massive cult following.
Their success is not the result of a grand plan. Instead, Cards Against
Humanity was the last in a long line of games and comedy projects that
Max Temkin and his friends put together for their own amusement. As Max
tells the story, they made the game so they could play it themselves on
-New Year’s Eve because they were too nerdy to be invited to other
+New Year's Eve because they were too nerdy to be invited to other
parties. The game was a hit, so they decided to put it up online as a
free PDF. People started asking if they could pay to have the game
printed for them, and eventually they decided to run a Kickstarter to
-fund the printing. They set their Kickstarter goal at \$4,000—and raised
-\$15,000. The game was officially released in May 2011.
+fund the printing. They set their Kickstarter goal at \$4,000---and
+raised \$15,000. The game was officially released in May 2011.
The game caught on quickly, and it has only grown more popular over
time. Max says the eight founders never had a meeting where they decided
-to make it an ongoing business. “It kind of just happened,” he said.
+to make it an ongoing business. "It kind of just happened," he said.
-But this tale of a “happy accident” belies marketing genius. Just like
+But this tale of a "happy accident" belies marketing genius. Just like
the game, the Cards Against Humanity brand is irreverent and memorable.
-It is hard to forget a company that calls the FAQ on their website “Your
-dumb questions.”
+It is hard to forget a company that calls the FAQ on their website "Your
+dumb questions."
Like most quality satire, however, there is more to the joke than
-vulgarity and shock value. The company’s marketing efforts around Black
+vulgarity and shock value. The company's marketing efforts around Black
Friday illustrate this particularly well. For those outside the United
States, Black Friday is the term for the day after the Thanksgiving
holiday, the biggest shopping day of the year. It is an incredibly
important day for Cards Against Humanity, like it is for all U.S.
retailers. Max said they struggled with what to do on Black Friday
-because they didn’t want to support what he called the “orgy of
-consumerism” the day has become, particularly since it follows a day
+because they didn't want to support what he called the "orgy of
+consumerism" the day has become, particularly since it follows a day
that is about being grateful for what you have. In 2013, after
deliberating, they decided to have an Everything Costs \$5 More sale.
-“We sweated it out the night before Black Friday, wondering if our fans
-were going to hate us for it,” he said. “But it made us laugh so we went
-with it. People totally caught the joke.”
+"We sweated it out the night before Black Friday, wondering if our fans
+were going to hate us for it," he said. "But it made us laugh so we went
+with it. People totally caught the joke."
This sort of bold transparency delights the media, but more importantly,
-it engages their fans. “One of the most surprising things you can do in
-capitalism is just be honest with people,” Max said. “It shocks people
-that there is transparency about what you are doing.”
+it engages their fans. "One of the most surprising things you can do in
+capitalism is just be honest with people," Max said. "It shocks people
+that there is transparency about what you are doing."
-Max also likened it to a grand improv scene. “If we do something a
+Max also likened it to a grand improv scene. "If we do something a
little subversive and unexpected, the public wants to be a part of the
-joke.” One year they did a Give Cards Against Humanity \$5 event, where
+joke." One year they did a Give Cards Against Humanity \$5 event, where
people literally paid them five dollars for no reason. Their fans wanted
to make the joke funnier by making it successful. They made \$70,000 in
a single day.
This remarkable trust they have in their customers is what inspired
their decision to apply a Creative Commons license to the game. Trusting
your customers to reuse and remix your work requires a leap of faith.
-Cards Against Humanity obviously isn’t afraid of doing the unexpected,
+Cards Against Humanity obviously isn't afraid of doing the unexpected,
but there are lines even they do not want to cross. Before applying the
license, Max said they worried that some fans would adapt the game to
include all of the jokes they intentionally never made because they
-crossed that line. “It happened, and the world didn’t end,” Max said.
-“If that is the worst cost of using CC, I’d pay that a hundred times
-over because there are so many benefits.”
+crossed that line. "It happened, and the world didn't end," Max said.
+"If that is the worst cost of using CC, I'd pay that a hundred times
+over because there are so many benefits."
Any successful product inspires its biggest fans to create remixes of
it, but unsanctioned adaptations are more likely to fly under the radar.
creations openly. Today there are thousands of fan expansions of the
game.
-Max said, “CC was a no-brainer for us because it gets the most people
+Max said, "CC was a no-brainer for us because it gets the most people
involved. Making the game free and available under a CC license led to
the unbelievable situation where we are one of the best-marketed games
-in the world, and we have never spent a dime on marketing.”
+in the world, and we have never spent a dime on marketing."
Of course, there are limits to what the company allows its customers to
do with the game. They chose the Attribution-NonCommercial-ShareAlike
license because it restricts people from using the game to make money.
It also requires that adaptations of the game be made available under
the same licensing terms if they are shared publicly. Cards Against
-Humanity also polices its brand. “We feel like we’re the only ones who
-can use our brand and our game and make money off of it,” Max said.
+Humanity also polices its brand. "We feel like we're the only ones who
+can use our brand and our game and make money off of it," Max said.
About 99.9 percent of the time, they just send an email to those making
commercial use of the game, and that is the end of it. There have only
been a handful of instances where they had to get a lawyer involved.
business model, the same can be said of the game itself. To be playable,
every white card has to work syntactically with enough black cards. The
eight creators invest an incredible amount of work into creating new
-cards for the game. “We have daylong arguments about commas,” Max said.
-“The slacker tone of the cards gives people the impression that it is
-easy to write them, but it is actually a lot of work and quibbling.”
+cards for the game. "We have daylong arguments about commas," Max said.
+"The slacker tone of the cards gives people the impression that it is
+easy to write them, but it is actually a lot of work and quibbling."
-That means cocreation with their fans really doesn’t work. The company
+That means cocreation with their fans really doesn't work. The company
has a submission mechanism on their website, and they get thousands of
suggestions, but it is very rare that a submitted card is adopted.
Instead, the eight initial creators remain the primary authors of
For all of their success, the creators of Cards Against Humanity are
only partially motivated by money. Max says they have always been
-interested in the Walt Disney philosophy of financial success. “We don’t
-make jokes and games to make money—we make money so we can make more
-jokes and games,” he said.
+interested in the Walt Disney philosophy of financial success. "We don't
+make jokes and games to make money---we make money so we can make more
+jokes and games," he said.
In fact, the company has given more than \$4 million to various
-charities and causes. “Cards is not our life plan,” Max said. “We all
+charities and causes. "Cards is not our life plan," Max said. "We all
have other interests and hobbies. We are passionate about other things
going on in our lives. A lot of the activism we have done comes out of
us taking things from the rest of our lives and channeling some of the
-excitement from the game into it.”
+excitement from the game into it."
Seeing money as fuel rather than the ultimate goal is what has enabled
them to embrace Creative Commons licensing without reservation. CC
nonetheless, giving up exclusive control of your work necessarily means
giving up some opportunities to extract more money from customers.
-“It’s not right for everyone to release everything under CC licensing,”
-Max said. “If your only goal is to make a lot of money, then CC is not
+"It's not right for everyone to release everything under CC licensing,"
+Max said. "If your only goal is to make a lot of money, then CC is not
best strategy. This kind of business model, though, speaks to your
-values, and who you are and why you’re making things.”
+values, and who you are and why you're making things."
## The Conversation
>
Melbourne, Australia. He experienced firsthand the decline of
newspapers, including the collapse of revenues, layoffs, and the
constant pressure to reduce costs. After he left the Age in 2005, his
-concern for the future journalism didn’t go away. Andrew made a
+concern for the future journalism didn't go away. Andrew made a
commitment to come up with an alternative model.
Around the time he left his job as editor of the Melbourne Age, Andrew
for journalism with depth and substance but was concerned about the
increasing focus on the sensational and sexy.
-While at the Age, he’d become friends with a vice-chancellor of a
+While at the Age, he'd become friends with a vice-chancellor of a
university in Melbourne who encouraged him to talk to smart people
-across campus—an astrophysicist, a Nobel laureate, earth scientists,
+across campus---an astrophysicist, a Nobel laureate, earth scientists,
economists . . . These were the kind of smart people he wished were more
involved in informing the world about what is going on and correcting
the errors that appear in media. However, they were reluctant to engage
-with mass media. Often, journalists didn’t understand what they said, or
+with mass media. Often, journalists didn't understand what they said, or
unilaterally chose what aspect of a story to tell, putting out a version
that these people felt was wrong or mischaracterized. Newspapers want to
attract a mass audience. Scholars want to communicate serious news,
-findings, and insights. It’s not a perfect match. Universities are
+findings, and insights. It's not a perfect match. Universities are
massive repositories of knowledge, research, wisdom, and expertise. But
-a lot of that stays behind a wall of their own making—there are the
+a lot of that stays behind a wall of their own making---there are the
walled garden and ivory tower metaphors, and in more literal terms, the
paywall. Broadly speaking, universities are part of society but
disconnected from it. They are an enormous public resource but not that
working one-on-one to refine everything from story structure to
headline, captions, and quotes. The editors could help turn something
that is academic into something understandable and readable. And this
-would be a key difference from traditional journalism—the subject matter
-expert would get a chance to check the article and give final approval
-before it is published. Compare this with reporters just picking and
-choosing the quotes and writing whatever they want.
+would be a key difference from traditional journalism---the subject
+matter expert would get a chance to check the article and give final
+approval before it is published. Compare this with reporters just
+picking and choosing the quotes and writing whatever they want.
The people he spoke to liked this idea, and Andrew embarked on raising
money and support with the help of the Commonwealth Scientific and
The Conversation is founded on the belief that underpinning a
functioning democracy is access to independent, high-quality,
-informative journalism. The Conversation’s aim is for people to have a
-better understanding of current affairs and complex issues—and hopefully
-a better quality of public discourse. The Conversation sees itself as a
-source of trusted information dedicated to the public good. Their core
-mission is simple: to provide readers with a reliable source of
-evidence-based information.
+informative journalism. The Conversation's aim is for people to have a
+better understanding of current affairs and complex issues---and
+hopefully a better quality of public discourse. The Conversation sees
+itself as a source of trusted information dedicated to the public good.
+Their core mission is simple: to provide readers with a reliable source
+of evidence-based information.
Andrew worked hard to reinvent a methodology for creating reliable,
credible content. He introduced strict new working practices, a charter,
is where the content originates, and even though it comes from the
university and research community, it still needs to be fully disclosed.
The Conversation does not sit behind a paywall. Andrew believes access
-to information is an issue of equality—everyone should have access, like
-access to clean water. The Conversation is committed to an open and free
-Internet. Everyone should have free access to their content, and be able
-to share it or republish it.
+to information is an issue of equality---everyone should have access,
+like access to clean water. The Conversation is committed to an open and
+free Internet. Everyone should have free access to their content, and be
+able to share it or republish it.
Creative Commons help with these goals; articles are published with the
Attribution-
-NoDerivs license (CC BY-ND). They’re freely available for others to
+NoDerivs license (CC BY-ND). They're freely available for others to
republish elsewhere as long as attribution is given and the content is
not edited. Over five years, more than twenty-two thousand sites have
republished their content. The Conversation website gets about 2.9
million unique views per month, but through republication they have
-thirty-five million readers. This couldn’t have been done without the
-Creative Commons license, and in Andrew’s view, Creative Commons is
+thirty-five million readers. This couldn't have been done without the
+Creative Commons license, and in Andrew's view, Creative Commons is
central to everything the Conversation does.
When readers come across the Conversation, they seem to like what they
find and recommend it to their friends, peers, and networks. Readership
-has grown primarily through word of mouth. While they don’t have sales
+has grown primarily through word of mouth. While they don't have sales
and marketing, they do promote their work through social media
(including Twitter and Facebook), and by being an accredited supplier to
Google News.
-It’s usual for the founders of any company to ask themselves what kind
+It's usual for the founders of any company to ask themselves what kind
of company it should be. It quickly became clear to the founders of the
Conversation that they wanted to create a public good rather than make
money off of information. Most media companies are working to aggregate
as many eyeballs as possible and sell ads. The Conversation founders
-didn’t want this model. It takes no advertising and is a not-for-profit
+didn't want this model. It takes no advertising and is a not-for-profit
venture.
There are now different editions of the Conversation for Africa, the
United Kingdom, France, and the United States, in addition to the one
for Australia. All five editions have their own editorial mastheads,
-advisory boards, and content. The Conversation’s global virtual newsroom
+advisory boards, and content. The Conversation's global virtual newsroom
has roughly ninety staff working with thirty-five thousand academics
from over sixteen hundred universities around the world. The
Conversation would like to be working with university scholars from even
more parts of the world.
Additionally, each edition has its own set of founding partners,
-strategic partners, and funders. They’ve received funding from
+strategic partners, and funders. They've received funding from
foundations, corporates, institutions, and individual donations, but the
Conversation is shifting toward paid memberships by universities and
research institutions to sustain operations. This would safeguard the
When professors from member universities write an article, there is some
branding of the university associated with the article. On the
-Conversation website, paying university members are listed as “members
-and funders.” Early participants may be designated as “founding
-members,” with seats on the editorial advisory board.
+Conversation website, paying university members are listed as "members
+and funders." Early participants may be designated as "founding
+members," with seats on the editorial advisory board.
Academics are not paid for their contributions, but they get free
editing from a professional (four to five hours per piece, on average).
These reach and impact metrics show the benefits of membership. With the
Conversation, universities can engage with the public and show why
-they’re of value.
+they're of value.
-With its tagline, “Academic Rigor, Journalistic Flair,” the Conversation
+With its tagline, "Academic Rigor, Journalistic Flair," the Conversation
represents a new form of journalism that contributes to a more informed
citizenry and improved democracy around the world. Its open business
-model and use of Creative Commons show how it’s possible to generate
+model and use of Creative Commons show how it's possible to generate
both a public good and operational revenue at the same time.
### Web link
>
> Profile written by Sarah Hinchliff Pearson
-Cory Doctorow hates the term “business model,” and he is adamant that he
-is not a brand. “To me, branding is the idea that you can take a thing
-that has certain qualities, remove the qualities, and go on selling it,”
-he said. “I’m not out there trying to figure out how to be a brand. I’m
+Cory Doctorow hates the term "business model," and he is adamant that he
+is not a brand. "To me, branding is the idea that you can take a thing
+that has certain qualities, remove the qualities, and go on selling it,"
+he said. "I'm not out there trying to figure out how to be a brand. I'm
doing this thing that animates me to work crazy insane hours because
-it’s the most important thing I know how to do.”
+it's the most important thing I know how to do."
Cory calls himself an entrepreneur. He likes to say his success came
from making stuff people happened to like and then getting out of the
is coeditor of the popular CC-licensed site Boing Boing, where he writes
about technology, politics, and intellectual property. He has also
written several nonfiction books, including the most recent Information
-Doesn’t Want to Be Free, about the ways in which creators can make a
+Doesn't Want to Be Free, about the ways in which creators can make a
living in the Internet age.
Cory primarily makes money by selling physical books, but he also takes
on paid speaking gigs and is experimenting with pay-what-you-want models
for his work.
-While Cory’s extensive body of fiction work has a large following, he is
+While Cory's extensive body of fiction work has a large following, he is
just as well known for his activism. He is an outspoken opponent of
restrictive copyright and digital-rights-management (DRM) technology
used to lock up content because he thinks both undermine creators and
the public interest. He is currently a special adviser at the Electronic
Frontier Foundation, where he is involved in a lawsuit challenging the
-U.S. law that protects DRM. Cory says his political work doesn’t
+U.S. law that protects DRM. Cory says his political work doesn't
directly make him money, but if he gave it up, he thinks he would lose
credibility and, more importantly, lose the drive that propels him to
-create. “My political work is a different expression of the same
-artistic-political urge,” he said. “I have this suspicion that if I gave
-up the things that didn’t make me money, the genuineness would leach out
+create. "My political work is a different expression of the same
+artistic-political urge," he said. "I have this suspicion that if I gave
+up the things that didn't make me money, the genuineness would leach out
of what I do, and the quality that causes people to like what I do would
-be gone.”
+be gone."
Cory has been financially successful, but money is not his primary
-motivation. At the start of his book Information Doesn’t Want to Be
+motivation. At the start of his book Information Doesn't Want to Be
Free, he stresses how important it is not to become an artist if your
-goal is to get rich. “Entering the arts because you want to get rich is
-like buying lottery tickets because you want to get rich,” he wrote. “It
-might work, but it almost certainly won’t. Though, of course, someone
-always wins the lottery.” He acknowledges that he is one of the lucky
-few to “make it,” but he says he would be writing no matter what. “I am
-compelled to write,” he wrote. “Long before I wrote to keep myself fed
-and sheltered, I was writing to keep myself sane.”
+goal is to get rich. "Entering the arts because you want to get rich is
+like buying lottery tickets because you want to get rich," he wrote. "It
+might work, but it almost certainly won't. Though, of course, someone
+always wins the lottery." He acknowledges that he is one of the lucky
+few to "make it," but he says he would be writing no matter what. "I am
+compelled to write," he wrote. "Long before I wrote to keep myself fed
+and sheltered, I was writing to keep myself sane."
Just as money is not his primary motivation to create, money is not his
primary motivation to share. For Cory, sharing his work with Creative
-Commons is a moral imperative. “It felt morally right,” he said of his
-decision to adopt Creative Commons licenses. “I felt like I wasn’t
+Commons is a moral imperative. "It felt morally right," he said of his
+decision to adopt Creative Commons licenses. "I felt like I wasn't
contributing to the culture of surveillance and censorship that has been
-created to try to stop copying.” In other words, using CC licenses
+created to try to stop copying." In other words, using CC licenses
symbolizes his worldview.
He also feels like there is a solid commercial basis for licensing his
-work with Creative Commons. While he acknowledges he hasn’t been able to
+work with Creative Commons. While he acknowledges he hasn't been able to
do a controlled experiment to compare the commercial benefits of
licensing with CC against reserving all rights, he thinks he has sold
more books using a CC license than he would have without it. Cory says
-his goal is to convince people they should pay him for his work. “I
-started by not calling them thieves,” he said.
+his goal is to convince people they should pay him for his work. "I
+started by not calling them thieves," he said.
Cory started using CC licenses soon after they were first created. At
the time his first novel came out, he says the science fiction genre was
overrun with people scanning and downloading books without permission.
When he and his publisher took a closer look at who was doing that sort
-of thing online, they realized it looked a lot like book promotion. “I
+of thing online, they realized it looked a lot like book promotion. "I
knew there was a relationship between having enthusiastic readers and
-having a successful career as a writer,” he said. “At the time, it took
+having a successful career as a writer," he said. "At the time, it took
eighty hours to OCR a book, which is a big effort. I decided to spare
them the time and energy, and give them the book for free in a format
-destined to spread.”
+destined to spread."
Cory admits the stakes were pretty low for him when he first adopted
Creative Commons licenses. He only had to sell two thousand copies of
The bottom line, Cory says, is that no one has found a way to prevent
people from copying the stuff they like. Rather than fighting the tide,
-Cory makes his work intrinsically shareable. “Getting the hell out of
+Cory makes his work intrinsically shareable. "Getting the hell out of
the way for people who want to share their love of you with other people
-sounds obvious, but it’s remarkable how many people don’t do it,” he
+sounds obvious, but it's remarkable how many people don't do it," he
said.
Making his work available under Creative Commons licenses enables him to
-view his biggest fans as his ambassadors. “Being open to fan activity
+view his biggest fans as his ambassadors. "Being open to fan activity
makes you part of the conversation about what fans do with your work and
-how they interact with it,” he said. Cory’s own website routinely
+how they interact with it," he said. Cory's own website routinely
highlights cool things his audience has done with his work. Unlike
corporations like Disney that tend to have a hands-off relationship with
their fan activity, he has a symbiotic relationship with his audience.
-“Engaging with your audience can’t guarantee you success,” he said. “And
+"Engaging with your audience can't guarantee you success," he said. "And
Disney is an example of being able to remain aloof and still being the
most successful company in the creative industry in history. But I
figure my likelihood of being Disney is pretty slim, so I should take
-all the help I can get.”
+all the help I can get."
His first book was published under the most restrictive Creative Commons
license, Attribution-NonCommercial-NoDerivs (CC BY-NC-ND). It allows
difficult to get people to pay for translations if there are fan
translations already available for free.
-In his book Information Doesn’t Want to Be Free, Cory likens his
+In his book Information Doesn't Want to Be Free, Cory likens his
philosophy to thinking like a dandelion. Dandelions produce thousands of
seeds each spring, and they are blown into the air going in every
direction. The strategy is to maximize the number of blind chances the
dandelion has for continuing its genetic line. Similarly, he says there
are lots of people out there who may want to buy creative work or
-compensate authors for it in some other way. “The more places your work
+compensate authors for it in some other way. "The more places your work
can find itself, the greater the likelihood that it will find one of
those would-be customers in some unsuspected crack in the metaphorical
-pavement,” he wrote. “The copies that others make of my work cost me
-nothing, and present the possibility that I’ll get something.”
+pavement," he wrote. "The copies that others make of my work cost me
+nothing, and present the possibility that I'll get something."
Applying a CC license to his work increases the chances it will be
-shared more widely around the Web. He avoids DRM—and openly opposes the
-practice—for similar reasons. DRM has the effect of tying a work to a
-particular platform. This digital lock, in turn, strips the authors of
-control over their own work and hands that control over to the platform.
-He calls it Cory’s First Law: “Anytime someone puts a lock on something
-that belongs to you and won’t give you the key, that lock isn’t there
-for your benefit.”
+shared more widely around the Web. He avoids DRM---and openly opposes
+the practice---for similar reasons. DRM has the effect of tying a work
+to a particular platform. This digital lock, in turn, strips the authors
+of control over their own work and hands that control over to the
+platform. He calls it Cory's First Law: "Anytime someone puts a lock on
+something that belongs to you and won't give you the key, that lock
+isn't there for your benefit."
Cory operates under the premise that artists benefit when there are
more, rather than fewer, places where people can access their work. The
Internet has opened up those avenues, but DRM is designed to limit them.
-“On the one hand, we can credibly make our work available to a widely
-dispersed audience,” he said. “On the other hand, the intermediaries we
-historically sold to are making it harder to go around them.” Cory
+"On the one hand, we can credibly make our work available to a widely
+dispersed audience," he said. "On the other hand, the intermediaries we
+historically sold to are making it harder to go around them." Cory
continually looks for ways to reach his audience without relying upon
major platforms that will try to take control over his work.
content they like, even when it is available for free, as long as it is
easy to do. He was extremely successful using Humble Bundle, a platform
that allows people to pay what they want for DRM-free versions of a
-bundle of a particular creator’s work. He is planning to try his own
+bundle of a particular creator's work. He is planning to try his own
pay-what-you-want experiment soon.
Fans are particularly willing to pay when they feel personally connected
to the artist. Cory works hard to create that personal connection. One
way he does this is by personally answering every single email he gets.
-“If you look at the history of artists, most die in penury,” he said.
-“That reality means that for artists, we have to find ways to support
+"If you look at the history of artists, most die in penury," he said.
+"That reality means that for artists, we have to find ways to support
ourselves when public tastes shift, when copyright stops producing.
Future-proofing your artistic career in many ways means figuring out how
-to stay connected to those people who have been touched by your work.”
+to stay connected to those people who have been touched by your work."
-Cory’s realism about the difficulty of making a living in the arts does
+Cory's realism about the difficulty of making a living in the arts does
not reflect pessimism about the Internet age. Instead, he says the fact
that it is hard to make a living as an artist is nothing new. What is
-new, he writes in his book, “is how many ways there are to make things,
-and to get them into other people’s hands and minds.”
+new, he writes in his book, "is how many ways there are to make things,
+and to get them into other people's hands and minds."
It has never been easier to think like a dandelion.
>
> Profile written by Paul Stacey
-Figshare’s mission is to change the face of academic publishing through
+Figshare's mission is to change the face of academic publishing through
improved dissemination, discoverability, and reusability of scholarly
research. Figshare is a repository where users can make all the output
-of their research available—from posters and presentations to data sets
-and code—in a way that’s easy to discover, cite, and share. Users can
-upload any file format, which can then be previewed in a Web browser.
-Research output is disseminated in a way that the current
+of their research available---from posters and presentations to data
+sets and code---in a way that's easy to discover, cite, and share. Users
+can upload any file format, which can then be previewed in a Web
+browser. Research output is disseminated in a way that the current
scholarly-publishing model does not allow.
Figshare founder Mark Hahnel often gets asked: How do you make money?
-How do we know you’ll be here in five years? Can you, as a for-profit
+How do we know you'll be here in five years? Can you, as a for-profit
venture, be trusted? Answers have evolved over time.
Mark traces the origins of Figshare back to when he was a graduate
solution.
There were two key needs: licenses to make the data citable, and
-persistent identifiers— URL links that always point back to the original
-object ensuring the research is citable for the long term.
+persistent identifiers--- URL links that always point back to the
+original object ensuring the research is citable for the long term.
Mark chose Digital Object Identifiers (DOIs) to meet the need for a
-persistent identifier. In the DOI system, an object’s metadata is stored
+persistent identifier. In the DOI system, an object's metadata is stored
as a series of numbers in the DOI name. Referring to an object by its
DOI is more stable than referring to it by its URL, because the location
of an object (the web page or URL) can often change. Mark partnered with
As for licenses, Mark chose Creative Commons. The open-access and
open-science communities were already using and recommending Creative
-Commons. Based on what was happening in those communities and Mark’s
+Commons. Based on what was happening in those communities and Mark's
dialogue with peers, he went with CC0 (in the public domain) for data
sets and CC BY (Attribution) for figures, videos, and data sets.
private online space designed for a set number of research
collaborators, which is ideal for larger teams and geographically
dispersed research groups. Figshare sums up its value proposition to
-researchers as “You retain ownership. You license it. You get credit. We
-just make sure it persists.”
+researchers as "You retain ownership. You license it. You get credit. We
+just make sure it persists."
In January 2012, Figshare was launched. (The fig in Figshare stands for
figures.) Using investment funds, Mark made significant improvements to
Figshare provide that functionality for them.
Figshare diversified its business model to include services for
-journals. Figshare began hosting large amounts of data for the journals’
+journals. Figshare began hosting large amounts of data for the journals'
online articles. This additional data improved the quality of the
articles. Outsourcing this service to Figshare freed publishers from
having to develop this functionality as part of their own
infrastructure. Figshare-hosted data also provides a link back to the
-article, generating additional click-through and readership—a benefit to
-both journal publishers and researchers. Figshare now provides
+article, generating additional click-through and readership---a benefit
+to both journal publishers and researchers. Figshare now provides
+
research-data infrastructure for a wide variety of publishers including
Wiley, Springer Nature, PLOS, and Taylor and Francis, to name a few, and
has convinced them to use Creative Commons licenses for the data.
including their own minibranded Figshare space (called Figshare for
Institutions) that securely hosts research data of institutions in the
cloud. Services include not just hosting but data metrics, data
-dissemination, and user-group administration. Figshare’s workflow, and
+dissemination, and user-group administration. Figshare's workflow, and
the services they offer for institutions, take into account the needs of
librarians and administrators, as well as of the researchers.
For Mark this created a conflict. On the one hand, the principles and
benefits of open science are at the heart of Figshare, and Mark believes
CC BY is the best license for this. On the other hand, institutions were
-saying they wouldn’t use Figshare unless it offered a choice in
+saying they wouldn't use Figshare unless it offered a choice in
licenses. He initially refused to offer anything beyond CC0 and CC BY,
but after seeing an open-source CERN project offer all Creative Commons
licenses without any negative repercussions, he decided to follow suit.
possible for data to be pulled from Figshare and used in other
applications. As an example, Mark shared a Figshare data set showing the
journal subscriptions that higher-education institutions in the United
-Kingdom paid to ten major publishers.[^Figshare-1] Figshare’s API enables that data
+Kingdom paid to ten major publishers.[^Figshare-1] Figshare's API enables that data
to be pulled into an app developed by a completely different researcher
that converts the data into a visually interesting graph, which any
viewer can alter by changing any of the variables.[^Figshare-2]
licenses.
Mark says his success is partly about being in the right place at the
-right time. He also believes that the diversification of Figshare’s
+right time. He also believes that the diversification of Figshare's
model over time has been key to success. Figshare now offers a
comprehensive set of services to researchers, publishers, and
institutions.[^Figshare-3] If he had relied solely on revenue from premium
-subscriptions, he believes Figshare would have struggled. In Figshare’s
+subscriptions, he believes Figshare would have struggled. In Figshare's
early days, their primary users were early-career and late-career
academics. It has only been because funders mandated open licensing that
Figshare is now being used by the mainstream.
-Today Figshare has 26 million–plus page views, 7.5 million–plus
-downloads, 800,000–plus user uploads, 2 million–plus articles,
-500,000-plus collections, and 5,000–plus projects. Sixty percent of
+Today Figshare has 26 million--plus page views, 7.5 million--plus
+downloads, 800,000--plus user uploads, 2 million--plus articles,
+500,000-plus collections, and 5,000--plus projects. Sixty percent of
their traffic comes from Google. A sister company called Altmetric
tracks the use of Figshare by others, including Wikipedia and news
sources.
Figshare uses the revenue it generates from the premium subscribers,
journal publishers, and institutions to fund and expand what it can
offer to researchers for free. Figshare has publicly stuck to its
-principles—keeping the free service free and requiring the use of CC BY
-and CC0 from the start—and from Mark’s perspective, this is why people
-trust Figshare. Mark sees new competitors coming forward who are just in
-it for money. If Figshare was only in it for the money, they wouldn’t
-care about offering a free version. Figshare’s principles and advocacy
-for openness are a key differentiator. Going forward, Mark sees Figshare
-not only as supporting open access to research but also enabling people
-to collaborate and make new discoveries.
+principles---keeping the free service free and requiring the use of CC
+BY and CC0 from the start---and from Mark's perspective, this is why
+people trust Figshare. Mark sees new competitors coming forward who are
+just in it for money. If Figshare was only in it for the money, they
+wouldn't care about offering a free version. Figshare's principles and
+advocacy for openness are a key differentiator. Going forward, Mark sees
+Figshare not only as supporting open access to research but also
+enabling people to collaborate and make new discoveries.
### Web links
In the paper Harnessing the Economic and Social Power of Data presented
at the New Zealand Data Futures Forum in 2014,[^Figure.NZ-1] Figure.NZ founder
Lillian Grace said there are thousands of valuable and relevant data
-sets freely available to us right now, but most people don’t use them.
-She used to think this meant people didn’t care about being informed,
-but she’s come to see that she was wrong. Almost everyone wants to be
-informed about issues that matter—not only to them, but also to their
+sets freely available to us right now, but most people don't use them.
+She used to think this meant people didn't care about being informed,
+but she's come to see that she was wrong. Almost everyone wants to be
+informed about issues that matter---not only to them, but also to their
families, their communities, their businesses, and their country. But
-there’s a big difference between availability and accessibility of
+there's a big difference between availability and accessibility of
information. Data is spread across thousands of sites and is held within
databases and spreadsheets that require both time and skill to engage
with. To use data when making a decision, you have to know what specific
the New Zealand Institute, a think tank concerned with improving
economic prosperity, social well-being, environmental quality, and
environmental productivity for New Zealand and New Zealanders. While
-giving talks to community and business groups, Lillian realized “every
+giving talks to community and business groups, Lillian realized "every
single issue we addressed would have been easier to deal with if more
-people understood the basic facts.” But understanding the basic facts
+people understood the basic facts." But understanding the basic facts
sometimes requires data and research that you often have to pay for.
Lillian began to imagine a website that lifted data up to a visual form
as Wiki New Zealand, the original idea was that people could contribute
their data and visuals via a wiki. However, few people had graphs that
could be used and shared, and there were no standards or consistency
-around the data and the visuals. Realizing the wiki model wasn’t
+around the data and the visuals. Realizing the wiki model wasn't
working, Lillian brought the process of data aggregation, curation, and
visual presentation in-house, and invested in the technology to help
automate some of it. Wiki New Zealand became Figure.NZ, and efforts were
reoriented toward providing services to those wanting to open their data
and present it visually.
-Here’s how it works. Figure.NZ sources data from other organizations,
+Here's how it works. Figure.NZ sources data from other organizations,
including corporations, public repositories, government departments, and
academics. Figure.NZ imports and extracts that data, and then validates
-and standardizes it—all with a strong eye on what will be best for
+and standardizes it---all with a strong eye on what will be best for
users. They then make the data available in a series of standardized
forms, both human- and machine-readable, with rich metadata about the
sources, the licenses, and data types. Figure.NZ has a chart-designing
naively fortunate. It was first recommended to her by a colleague.
Lillian spent time looking at what Creative Commons offered and thought
it looked good, was clear, and made common sense. It was easy to use and
-easy for others to understand. Over time, she’s come to realize just how
-fortunate and important that decision turned out to be. New Zealand’s
+easy for others to understand. Over time, she's come to realize just how
+fortunate and important that decision turned out to be. New Zealand's
government has an open-access and licensing framework called NZGOAL,
which provides guidance for agencies when they release copyrighted and
noncopyrighted work and material.[^Figure.NZ-2] It aims to standardize the licensing
of works with government copyright and how they can be reused, and it
does this with Creative Commons licenses. As a result, 98 percent of all
government-agency data is Creative Commons licensed, fitting in nicely
-with Figure.NZ’s decision.
+with Figure.NZ's decision.
Lillian thinks current ideas of what a business is are relatively new,
-only a hundred years old or so. She’s convinced that twenty years from
+only a hundred years old or so. She's convinced that twenty years from
now, we will see new and different models for business. Figure.NZ is set
up as a nonprofit charity. It is purpose-driven but also strives to pay
people well and thinks like a business. Lillian sees the
charity-nonprofit status as an essential element for the mission and
purpose of Figure.NZ. She believes Wikipedia would not work if it were
-for profit, and similarly, Figure.NZ’s nonprofit status assures people
+for profit, and similarly, Figure.NZ's nonprofit status assures people
who have data and people who want to use it that they can rely on
-Figure.NZ’s motives. People see them as a trusted wrangler and source.
+Figure.NZ's motives. People see them as a trusted wrangler and source.
Although Figure.NZ is a social enterprise that openly licenses their
data and graphs for everyone to use for free, they have taken care not
Figure.NZ has multiple lines of business. They provide commercial
services to organizations that want their data publicly available and
want to use Figure.NZ as their publishing platform. People who want to
-publish open data appreciate Figure.NZ’s ability to do it faster, more
+publish open data appreciate Figure.NZ's ability to do it faster, more
easily, and better than they can. Customers are encouraged to help their
users find, use, and make things from the data they make available on
-Figure.NZ’s website. Customers control what is released and the license
+Figure.NZ's website. Customers control what is released and the license
terms (although Figure.NZ encourages Creative Commons licensing).
Figure.NZ also serves customers who want a specific collection of charts
-created—for example, for their website or annual report. Charging the
+created---for example, for their website or annual report. Charging the
organizations that want to make their data available enables Figure.NZ
to provide their site free to all users, to truly democratize data.
not well understood by the people who have it. This sometimes makes it
difficult for customers and Figure.NZ to figure out what it would cost
to import, standardize, and display that data in a useful way. To deal
-with this, Figure.NZ uses “high-trust contracts,” where customers
+with this, Figure.NZ uses "high-trust contracts," where customers
allocate a certain budget to the task that Figure.NZ is then free to
-draw from, as long as Figure.NZ frequently reports on what they’ve
+draw from, as long as Figure.NZ frequently reports on what they've
produced so the customer can determine the value for money. This
strategy has helped build trust and transparency about the level of
effort associated with doing work that has never been done before.
A second line of business is what Figure.NZ calls partners. ASB Bank and
-Statistics New Zealand are partners who back Figure.NZ’s efforts. As one
+Statistics New Zealand are partners who back Figure.NZ's efforts. As one
example, with their support Figure.NZ has been able to create Business
Figures, a special way for businesses to find useful data without having
to know what questions to ask.[^Figure.NZ-3]
curation, and visualizing services all in-house, Figure.NZ has developed
a deep expertise in taking random styles of data, standardizing it, and
making it useful. Lillian realized that Figure.NZ could easily become a
-warehouse of seventy people doing data. But for Lillian, growth isn’t
+warehouse of seventy people doing data. But for Lillian, growth isn't
always good. In her view, bigger often means less effective. Lillian set
artificial constraints on growth, forcing the organization to think
differently and be more efficient. Rather than in-house growth, they are
growing and building external relationships.
-Figure.NZ’s website displays visuals and data associated with a wide
+Figure.NZ's website displays visuals and data associated with a wide
range of categories including crime, economy, education, employment,
energy, environment, health, information and communications technology,
industry, tourism, and many others. A search function helps users find
user manuals.
Figure.NZ believes data and visuals should be useful. They provide their
-customers with a data collection template and teach them why it’s
-important and how to use it. They’ve begun putting more emphasis on
+customers with a data collection template and teach them why it's
+important and how to use it. They've begun putting more emphasis on
tracking what users of their website want. They also get requests from
social media and through email for them to share data for a specific
-topic—for example, can you share data for water quality? If they have
-the data, they respond quickly; if they don’t, they try and identify the
+topic---for example, can you share data for water quality? If they have
+the data, they respond quickly; if they don't, they try and identify the
organizations that would have that data and forge a relationship so they
-can be included on Figure.NZ’s site. Overall, Figure.NZ is seeking to
+can be included on Figure.NZ's site. Overall, Figure.NZ is seeking to
provide a place for people to be curious about, access, and interpret
data on topics they are interested in.
Lillian has a deep and profound vision for Figure.NZ that goes well
beyond simply providing open-data services. She says things are
-different now. “We used to live in a world where it was really hard to
+different now. "We used to live in a world where it was really hard to
share information widely. And in that world, the best future was created
by having a few great leaders who essentially had access to the
information and made decisions on behalf of others, whether it was on
behalf of a country or companies.
-“But now we live in a world where it’s really easy to share information
+"But now we live in a world where it's really easy to share information
widely and also to communicate widely. In the world we live in now, the
best future is the one where everyone can make well-informed decisions.
-“The use of numbers and data as a way of making well-informed decisions
-is one of the areas where there is the biggest gaps. We don’t really use
+"The use of numbers and data as a way of making well-informed decisions
+is one of the areas where there is the biggest gaps. We don't really use
numbers as a part of our thinking and part of our understanding yet.
-“Part of the reason is the way data is spread across hundreds of sites.
+"Part of the reason is the way data is spread across hundreds of sites.
In addition, for the most part, deep thinking based on data is
-constrained to experts because most people don’t have data literacy.
-There once was a time when many citizens in society couldn’t read or
-write. However, as a society, we’ve now come to believe that reading and
-writing skills should be something all citizens have. We haven’t yet
+constrained to experts because most people don't have data literacy.
+There once was a time when many citizens in society couldn't read or
+write. However, as a society, we've now come to believe that reading and
+writing skills should be something all citizens have. We haven't yet
adopted a similar belief around numbers and data literacy. We largely
still believe that only a few specially trained people can analyze and
think with numbers.
-“Figure.NZ may be the first organization to assert that everyone can use
-numbers in their thinking, and it’s built a technological platform along
+"Figure.NZ may be the first organization to assert that everyone can use
+numbers in their thinking, and it's built a technological platform along
with trust and a network of relationships to make that possible. What
you can see on Figure.NZ are tens of thousands of graphs, maps, and
data.
-“Figure.NZ sees this as a new kind of alphabet that can help people
+"Figure.NZ sees this as a new kind of alphabet that can help people
analyze what they see around them. A way to be thoughtful and informed
about society. A means of engaging in conversation and shaping decision
making that transcends personal experience. The long-term value and
impact is almost impossible to measure, but the goal is to help citizens
gain understanding and work together in more informed ways to shape the
-future.”
+future."
-Lillian sees Figure.NZ’s model as having global potential. But for now,
+Lillian sees Figure.NZ's model as having global potential. But for now,
their focus is completely on making Figure.NZ work in New Zealand and to
-get the “network effect”—
+get the "network effect"---
+
users dramatically increasing value for themselves and for others
through use of their service. Creative Commons is core to making the
network effect possible.
print-book sales at all, and the costs associated with getting the book
to print would be lost. Surprisingly, Bloomsbury found that sales of the
print versions of these books were 10 to 20 percent higher than normal.
-Frances found it intriguing that the Creative Commons–licensed free
+Frances found it intriguing that the Creative Commons--licensed free
online book acts as a marketing vehicle for the print format.
Frances began to look at customer interest in the three forms of the
-book: 1) the Creative Commons–licensed free online book in PDF form, 2)
+book: 1) the Creative Commons--licensed free online book in PDF form, 2)
the printed book, and 3) a digital version of the book on an aggregator
-platform with enhanced features. She thought of this as the “ice cream
-model”: the free PDF was vanilla ice cream, the printed book was an ice
+platform with enhanced features. She thought of this as the "ice cream
+model": the free PDF was vanilla ice cream, the printed book was an ice
cream cone, and the enhanced e-book was an ice cream sundae.
-After a while, Frances had an epiphany—what if there was a way to get
-libraries to underwrite the costs of making these books up until they’re
+After a while, Frances had an epiphany---what if there was a way to get
+libraries to underwrite the costs of making these books up until they're
ready be printed, in other words, cover the fixed costs of getting to
the first digital copy? Then you could either bring down the cost of the
printed book, or do a whole bunch of interesting things with the printed
-book and e-book—the ice cream cone or sundae part of the model.
+book and e-book---the ice cream cone or sundae part of the model.
This idea is similar to the article-processing charge some open-access
journals charge researchers to cover publishing costs. Frances began to
-imagine a coalition of libraries paying for the prepress costs—a
-“book-processing charge”—and providing everyone in the world with an
+imagine a coalition of libraries paying for the prepress costs---a
+"book-processing charge"---and providing everyone in the world with an
open-access version of the books released under a Creative Commons
license.
-This idea really took hold in her mind. She didn’t really have a name
+This idea really took hold in her mind. She didn't really have a name
for it but began talking about it and making presentations to see if
there was interest. The more she talked about it, the more people agreed
it had appeal. She offered a bottle of champagne to anyone who could
cost per book was just under fifty dollars. The unlatching process took
roughly ten months. It started with a call to publishers for titles,
followed by having a library task force select the titles, getting
-authors’ permissions, getting the libraries to pledge, billing the
+authors' permissions, getting the libraries to pledge, billing the
libraries, and finally, unlatching.
The longest part of the whole process is getting libraries to pledge and
The cost for the publisher to get to a first digital copy of a monograph
is \$5,000 to \$50,000. A good one costs in the \$10,000 to \$15,000
-range. Monographs typically don’t sell a lot of copies. A publisher who
+range. Monographs typically don't sell a lot of copies. A publisher who
in the past sold three thousand copies now typically sells only three
hundred. That makes unlatching monographs a low risk for publishers. For
the first round, it took five months to get thirteen publishers. For the
second round, it took one month to get twenty-six.
-Authors don’t generally make a lot of royalties from monographs.
+Authors don't generally make a lot of royalties from monographs.
Royalties range from zero dollars to 5 to 10 percent of receipts. The
value to the author is the awareness it brings to them; when their book
is being read, it increases their reputation. Open access through
all libraries. While this means nonparticipating libraries could be seen
as free riders, in the library world, wealthy libraries are used to
paying more than poor libraries and accept that part of their money
-should be spent to support open access. “Free ride” is more like
+should be spent to support open access. "Free ride" is more like
community responsibility. By the end of March 2016, the round-one books
had been downloaded nearly eighty thousand times in 175 countries.
For publishers, authors, and librarians, the Knowledge Unlatched model
for monographs is a win-win-win.
-In the first round, Knowledge Unlatched’s overheads were covered by
+In the first round, Knowledge Unlatched's overheads were covered by
grants. In the second round, they aim to demonstrate the model is
sustainable. Libraries and publishers will each pay a 7.5 percent
-service charge that will go toward Knowledge Unlatched’s running costs.
+service charge that will go toward Knowledge Unlatched's running costs.
With plans to scale up in future rounds, Frances figures they can fully
recover costs when they are unlatching two hundred books at a time.
Moving forward, Knowledge Unlatched is making investments in technology
and processes. Future plans include unlatching journals and older books.
Frances believes that Knowledge Unlatched is tapping into new ways of
-valuing academic content. It’s about considering how many people can
+valuing academic content. It's about considering how many people can
find, access, and use your content without pay barriers. Knowledge
Unlatched taps into the new possibilities and behaviors of the digital
world. In the Knowledge Unlatched model, the content-creation process is
David and Kim went back and forth on whether it should be a nonprofit or
for-
profit. A nonprofit would make it a more comfortable fit with the
-education sector but meant they’d be constantly fund-raising and seeking
+education sector but meant they'd be constantly fund-raising and seeking
grants from philanthropies. Also, grants usually require money to be
used in certain ways for specific deliverables. If you learn things
along the way that change how you think the grant money should be used,
-there often isn’t a lot of flexibility to do so.
+there often isn't a lot of flexibility to do so.
-But as a for-profit, they’d have to convince educational institutions to
-pay for what Lumen had to offer. On the positive side, they’d have more
+But as a for-profit, they'd have to convince educational institutions to
+pay for what Lumen had to offer. On the positive side, they'd have more
control over what to do with the revenue and investment money; they
could make decisions to invest the funds or use them differently based
on the situation and shifting opportunities. In the end, they chose the
Originally, Lumen did custom contracts for each institution. This was
complicated and challenging to manage. However, through that process
patterns emerged which allowed them to generalize a set of approaches
-and offerings. Today they don’t customize as much as they used to, and
+and offerings. Today they don't customize as much as they used to, and
instead they tend to work with customers who can use their off-the-shelf
options. Lumen finds that institutions and faculty are generally very
good at seeing the value Lumen brings and are willing to pay for it.
Serving disadvantaged learner populations has led Lumen to be very
-pragmatic; they describe what they offer in quantitative terms—with
-facts and figures—and in a way that is very student-focused. Lumen
-Learning helps colleges and universities—
+pragmatic; they describe what they offer in quantitative terms---with
+facts and figures---and in a way that is very student-focused. Lumen
+Learning helps colleges and universities---
- replace expensive textbooks in high-enrollment courses with OER;
-- provide enrolled students day one access to Lumen’s fully
- customizable OER course materials through the institution’s
+- provide enrolled students day one access to Lumen's fully
+ customizable OER course materials through the institution's
learning-management system;
- measure improvements in student success with metrics like passing
rates, persistence, and course completion; and
- collaborate with faculty to make ongoing improvements to OER based
on student success research.
-Lumen has developed a suite of open, Creative Commons–licensed
+Lumen has developed a suite of open, Creative Commons--licensed
courseware in more than sixty-five subjects. All courses are freely and
publicly available right off their website. They can be copied and used
by others as long as they provide attribution to Lumen Learning
Then there are three types of bundled services that cost money. One
option, which Lumen calls Candela courseware, offers integration with
-the institution’s learning-management system, technical and pedagogical
+the institution's learning-management system, technical and pedagogical
support, and tracking of effectiveness. Candela courseware costs
institutions ten dollars per enrolled student.
Lumen generates revenue by charging for their value-added tools and
services on top of their free courses, just as solar-power companies
provide the tools and services that help people use a free
-resource—sunlight. And Lumen’s business model focuses on getting the
+resource---sunlight. And Lumen's business model focuses on getting the
institutions to pay, not the students. With projects they did prior to
Lumen, David and Kim learned that students who have access to all course
materials from day one have greater success. If students had to pay,
Lumen would have to restrict access to those who paid. Right from the
start, their stance was that they would not put their content behind a
paywall. Lumen invests zero dollars in technologies and processes for
-restricting access—no digital rights management, no time bombs. While
+restricting access---no digital rights management, no time bombs. While
this has been a challenge from a business-model perspective, from an
open-access perspective, it has generated immense goodwill in the
community.
In most cases, development of their courses is funded by the institution
Lumen has a contract with. When creating new courses, Lumen typically
-works with the faculty who are teaching the new course. They’re often
+works with the faculty who are teaching the new course. They're often
part of the institution paying Lumen, but sometimes Lumen has to expand
the team and contract faculty from other institutions. First, the
-faculty identifies all of the course’s learning outcomes. Lumen then
+faculty identifies all of the course's learning outcomes. Lumen then
searches for, aggregates, and curates the best OER they can find that
addresses those learning needs, which the faculty reviews.
items and feedback for students on their progress are areas where new
content is frequently needed. Once a course is created, Lumen puts it on
their platform with all the attributions and links to the original
-sources intact, and any of Lumen’s new content is given an Attribution
+sources intact, and any of Lumen's new content is given an Attribution
(CC BY) license.
Using only OER made them experience firsthand how complex it could be to
mix differently licensed work together. A common strategy with OER is to
place the Creative Commons license and attribution information in the
-website’s footer, which stays the same for all pages. This doesn’t quite
+website's footer, which stays the same for all pages. This doesn't quite
work, however, when mixing different OER together.
Remixing OER often results in multiple attributions on every page of
-every course—text from one place, images from another, and videos from
+every course---text from one place, images from another, and videos from
yet another. Some are licensed as Attribution (CC BY), others as
Attribution-ShareAlike (CC BY-SA). If this information is put within the
text of the course, faculty members sometimes try to edit it and
capturing the license and attribution information as metadata, and
getting it to show up at the end of each page.
-Lumen’s commitment to open licensing and helping low-income students has
+Lumen's commitment to open licensing and helping low-income students has
led to strong relationships with institutions, open-education
enthusiasts, and grant funders. People in their network generously
increase the visibility of Lumen through presentations, word of mouth,
-and referrals. Sometimes the number of general inquiries exceed Lumen’s
+and referrals. Sometimes the number of general inquiries exceed Lumen's
sales
capacity.
To manage demand and ensure the success of projects, their strategy is
-to be proactive and focus on what’s going on in higher education in
+to be proactive and focus on what's going on in higher education in
different regions of the United States, watching out for things
happening at the system level in a way that fits with what Lumen offers.
A great example is the Virginia community college system, which is
building out Z-Degrees. David and Kim say there are nine other U.S.
states with similar system-level activity where Lumen is strategically
focusing its efforts. Where there are projects that would require a lot
-of resources on Lumen’s part, they prioritize the ones that would impact
+of resources on Lumen's part, they prioritize the ones that would impact
the largest number of students.
As a business, Lumen is committed to openness. There are two core
-nonnegotiables: Lumen’s use of CC BY, the most permissive of the
+nonnegotiables: Lumen's use of CC BY, the most permissive of the
Creative Commons licenses, for all the materials it creates; and day-one
access for students. Having clear nonnegotiables allows them to then
engage with the education community to solve for other challenges and
work with institutions to identify new business models that achieve
institution goals, while keeping Lumen healthy.
-Openness also means that Lumen’s OER must necessarily be nonexclusive
+Openness also means that Lumen's OER must necessarily be nonexclusive
and nonrivalrous. This represents several big challenges for the
business model: Why should you invest in creating something that people
will be reluctant to pay for? How do you ensure that the investment the
They proactively contact those institutions, with an estimate of how
much their students are saving and encouraging them to switch to a paid
model. Lumen explains the advantages of the paid model: a more
-interactive relationship with Lumen; integration with the institution’s
+interactive relationship with Lumen; integration with the institution's
learning-management system; a guarantee of support for faculty and
students; and future sustainability with funding supporting the
evolution and improvement of the OER they are using.
strives for a correct balance of all these factors.
Licensing all the content they produce with CC BY is a key part of
-giving more value than they take. They’ve also worked hard at finding
+giving more value than they take. They've also worked hard at finding
the right structure for their value-add and how to package it in a way
that is understandable and repeatable.
percent funded with angel capital. Going forward, their strategy is to
replace grant funding with revenue.
-In creating Lumen Learning, David and Kim say they’ve landed on
+In creating Lumen Learning, David and Kim say they've landed on
solutions they never imagined, and there is still a lot of learning
taking place. For them, open business models are an emerging field where
we are all learning through sharing. Their biggest recommendations for
others wanting to pursue the open model are to make your commitment to
-open resources public, let people know where you stand, and don’t back
+open resources public, let people know where you stand, and don't back
away from it. It really is about trust.
### Web link
## Jonathan Mann
>
> Jonathan Mann is a singer and songwriter who is most well known as the
-> “Song A Day” guy. Based in the U.S.
+> "Song A Day" guy. Based in the U.S.
>
> [](http://jonathanmann.net) and [](http://jonathanmann.bandcamp.com)
>
>
> Profile written by Sarah Hinchliff Pearson
-Jonathan Mann thinks of his business model as “hustling”—seizing nearly
-every opportunity he sees to make money. The bulk of his income comes
-from writing songs under commission for people and companies, but he has
-a wide variety of income sources. He has supporters on the crowdfunding
-site Patreon. He gets advertising revenue from YouTube and Bandcamp,
-where he posts all of his music. He gives paid speaking engagements
-about creativity and motivation. He has been hired by major conferences
-to write songs summarizing what speakers have said in the conference
-sessions.
+Jonathan Mann thinks of his business model as "hustling"---seizing
+nearly every opportunity he sees to make money. The bulk of his income
+comes from writing songs under commission for people and companies, but
+he has a wide variety of income sources. He has supporters on the
+crowdfunding site Patreon. He gets advertising revenue from YouTube and
+Bandcamp, where he posts all of his music. He gives paid speaking
+engagements about creativity and motivation. He has been hired by major
+conferences to write songs summarizing what speakers have said in the
+conference sessions.
His entrepreneurial spirit is coupled with a willingness to take action
quickly. A perfect illustration of his ability to act fast happened in
video at the Apple conference. The song then went viral, and the
experience landed him in Time magazine.
-Jonathan’s successful “hustling” is also about old-fashioned
+Jonathan's successful "hustling" is also about old-fashioned
persistence. He is currently in his eighth straight year of writing one
song each day. He holds the Guinness World Record for consecutive daily
-songwriting, and he is widely known as the “song-a-day guy.”
+songwriting, and he is widely known as the "song-a-day guy."
He fell into this role by, naturally, seizing a random opportunity a
-friend alerted him to seven years ago—an event called Fun-A-Day, where
+friend alerted him to seven years ago---an event called Fun-A-Day, where
people are supposed to create a piece of art every day for thirty-one
days straight. He was in need of a new project, so he decided to give it
a try by writing and posting a song each day. He added a video component
He had a really good time doing the thirty-one-day challenge, so he
decided to see if he could continue it for one year. He never stopped.
He has written and posted a new song literally every day, seven days a
-week, since he began the project in 2009. When he isn’t writing songs
+week, since he began the project in 2009. When he isn't writing songs
that he is hired to write by clients, he writes songs about whatever is
on his mind that day. His songs are catchy and mostly lighthearted, but
they often contain at least an undercurrent of a deeper theme or
would bring more eyeballs and mean that there were more people wanting
him to write songs for them. Today he earns most of his money this way.
-His website explains his gig as “taking any message, from the super
+His website explains his gig as "taking any message, from the super
simple to the totally complicated, and conveying that message through a
-heartfelt, fun and quirky song.” He charges \$500 to create a produced
+heartfelt, fun and quirky song." He charges \$500 to create a produced
song and \$300 for an acoustic song. He has been hired for product
launches, weddings, conferences, and even Kickstarter campaigns like the
one that funded the production of this book.
-Jonathan can’t recall when exactly he first learned about Creative
+Jonathan can't recall when exactly he first learned about Creative
Commons, but he began applying CC licenses to his songs and videos as
-soon as he discovered the option. “CC seems like such a no-brainer,”
-Jonathan said. “I don’t understand how anything else would make sense.
+soon as he discovered the option. "CC seems like such a no-brainer,"
+Jonathan said. "I don't understand how anything else would make sense.
It seems like such an obvious thing that you would want your work to be
-able to be shared.”
+able to be shared."
His songs are essentially marketing for his services, so obviously the
further his songs spread, the better. Using CC licenses helps grease the
wheels, letting people know that Jonathan allows and encourages them to
-copy, interact with, and remix his music. “If you let someone cover your
-song or remix it or use parts of it, that’s how music is supposed to
-work,” Jonathan said. “That is how music has worked since the beginning
-of time. Our me-me, mine-mine culture has undermined that.”
+copy, interact with, and remix his music. "If you let someone cover your
+song or remix it or use parts of it, that's how music is supposed to
+work," Jonathan said. "That is how music has worked since the beginning
+of time. Our me-me, mine-mine culture has undermined that."
There are some people who cover his songs fairly regularly, and he would
never shut that down. But he acknowledges there is a lot more he could
-do to build community. “There is all of this conventional wisdom about
-how to build an audience online, and I generally think I don’t do any of
-that,” Jonathan said.
-
-He does have a fan community he cultivates on Bandcamp, but it isn’t his
-major focus. “I do have a core audience that has stuck around for a
-really long time, some even longer than I’ve been doing song-a-day,” he
-said. “There is also a transitional aspect that drop in and get what
-they need and then move on.” Focusing less on community building than
-other artists makes sense given Jonathan’s primary income source of
+do to build community. "There is all of this conventional wisdom about
+how to build an audience online, and I generally think I don't do any of
+that," Jonathan said.
+
+He does have a fan community he cultivates on Bandcamp, but it isn't his
+major focus. "I do have a core audience that has stuck around for a
+really long time, some even longer than I've been doing song-a-day," he
+said. "There is also a transitional aspect that drop in and get what
+they need and then move on." Focusing less on community building than
+other artists makes sense given Jonathan's primary income source of
writing custom songs for clients.
Jonathan recognizes what comes naturally to him and leverages those
skills. Through the practice of daily songwriting, he realized he has a
gift for distilling complicated subjects into simple concepts and
-putting them to music. In his song “How to Choose a Master Password,”
+putting them to music. In his song "How to Choose a Master Password,"
Jonathan explained the process of creating a secure password in a silly,
simple song. He was hired to write the song by a client who handed him a
long technical blog post from which to draw the information. Like a good
The first thing he tries to do is grok the core message and develop the
chorus. Then he looks for connections or parts he can make rhyme. The
entire process really does resemble good journalism, but of course the
-final product of his work is a song rather than news. “There is
+final product of his work is a song rather than news. "There is
something about being challenged and forced to take information that
-doesn’t seem like it should be sung about
-or doesn’t seem like it lends itself to a song,” he said. “I find that
+doesn't seem like it should be sung about
+
+or doesn't seem like it lends itself to a song," he said. "I find that
creative challenge really satisfying. I enjoy getting lost in that
-process.”
+process."
Jonathan admits that in an ideal world, he would exclusively write the
music he wanted to write, rather than what clients hire him to write.
himself.
Jonathan uses nearly every tool possible to make money from his art, but
-he does have lines he won’t cross. He won’t write songs about things he
+he does have lines he won't cross. He won't write songs about things he
fundamentally does not believe in, and there are times he has turned
-down jobs on principle. He also won’t stray too much from his natural
-style. “My style is silly, so I can’t really accommodate people who want
-something super serious,” Jonathan said. “I do what I do very easily,
-and it’s part of who I am.” Jonathan hasn’t gotten into writing
+down jobs on principle. He also won't stray too much from his natural
+style. "My style is silly, so I can't really accommodate people who want
+something super serious," Jonathan said. "I do what I do very easily,
+and it's part of who I am." Jonathan hasn't gotten into writing
commercials for the same reasons; he is best at using his own unique
style rather than mimicking others.
-Jonathan’s song-a-day commitment exemplifies the power of habit and
+Jonathan's song-a-day commitment exemplifies the power of habit and
grit. Conventional wisdom about creative productivity, including advice
in books like the best-seller The Creative Habit by Twyla Tharp,
routinely emphasizes the importance of ritual and action. No amount of
planning can replace the value of simple practice and just doing.
-Jonathan Mann’s work is a living embodiment of these principles.
+Jonathan Mann's work is a living embodiment of these principles.
When he speaks about his work, he talks about how much the song-a-day
process has changed him. Rather than seeing any given piece of work as
precious and getting stuck on trying to make it perfect, he has become
-comfortable with just doing. If today’s song is a bust, tomorrow’s song
+comfortable with just doing. If today's song is a bust, tomorrow's song
might be better.
Jonathan seems to have this mentality about his career more generally.
or having his song used by Steve Jobs, he says he never truly feels
successful.
-“Success feels like it’s over,” he said. “To a certain extent, a
+"Success feels like it's over," he said. "To a certain extent, a
creative person is not ever going to feel completely satisfied because
-then so much of what drives you would be gone.”
+then so much of what drives you would be gone."
## Noun Project
>
languages, and cultures.
The original idea for the Noun Project came to cofounder Edward Boatman
-while he was a student in architecture design school. He’d always done a
+while he was a student in architecture design school. He'd always done a
lot of sketches and started to draw what used to fascinate him as a
child, like trains, sequoias, and bulldozers. He began thinking how
great it would be if he had a simple image or small icon of every single
When Edward went on to work at an architecture firm, he had to make a
lot of presentation boards for clients. But finding high-quality sources
-for symbols and icons was difficult. He couldn’t find any website that
+for symbols and icons was difficult. He couldn't find any website that
could provide them. Perhaps his idea for creating a library of icons
could actually help people in similar situations.
Then Edward got laid off during the recession, which turned out to be a
huge catalyst. He decided to give his idea a go, and in 2010 Edward and
Sofya launched the Noun Project with a Kickstarter campaign, back when
-Kickstarter was in its infancy.[^Noun-Project-1] They thought it’d be a good way to
+Kickstarter was in its infancy.[^Noun-Project-1] They thought it'd be a good way to
introduce the global web community to their idea. Their goal was to
raise \$1,500, but in twenty days they got over \$14,000. They realized
their idea had the potential to be something much bigger.
They created a platform where symbols and icons could be uploaded, and
Edward began recruiting talented designers to contribute their designs,
a process he describes as a relatively easy sell. Lots of designers have
-old drawings just gathering “digital dust” on their hard drives. It’s
+old drawings just gathering "digital dust" on their hard drives. It's
easy to convince them to finally share them with the world.
The Noun Project currently has about seven thousand designers from
around the world. But not all submissions are accepted. The Noun
-Project’s quality-review process means that only the best works become
+Project's quality-review process means that only the best works become
part of its collection. They make sure to provide encouraging,
constructive feedback whenever they reject a piece of work, which
maintains and builds the relationship they have with their global
community of designers.
-Creative Commons is an integral part of the Noun Project’s business
-model; this decision was inspired by Chris Anderson’s book Free: The
+Creative Commons is an integral part of the Noun Project's business
+model; this decision was inspired by Chris Anderson's book Free: The
Future of Radical Price, which introduced Edward to the idea that you
could build a business model around free content.
that people can use without having to give credit, they can use CC0 to
put the work into the public domain.
-Noun Project’s business model and means of generating revenue have
+Noun Project's business model and means of generating revenue have
evolved significantly over time. Their initial plan was to sell T-shirts
with the icons on it, which in retrospect Edward says was a horrible
idea. They did get a lot of email from people saying they loved the
icons but asking if they could pay a fee instead of giving attribution.
Ad agencies (among others) wanted to keep marketing and presentation
-materials clean and free of attribution statements. For Edward, “That’s
-when our lightbulb went off.”
+materials clean and free of attribution statements. For Edward, "That's
+when our lightbulb went off."
-They asked their global network of designers whether they’d be open to
+They asked their global network of designers whether they'd be open to
receiving modest remuneration instead of attribution. Designers saw it
as a win-win. The idea that you could offer your designs for free and
have a global audience and maybe even make some money was pretty
exciting for most designers.
The Noun Project first adopted a model whereby using an icon without
-giving attribution would cost \$1.99 per icon. The model’s second
+giving attribution would cost \$1.99 per icon. The model's second
iteration added a subscription component, where there would be a monthly
-fee to access a certain number of icons—ten, fifty, a hundred, or five
-hundred. However, users didn’t like these hard-count options. They
+fee to access a certain number of icons---ten, fifty, a hundred, or five
+hundred. However, users didn't like these hard-count options. They
preferred to try out many similar icons to see which worked best before
eventually choosing the one they wanted to use. So the Noun Project
moved to an unlimited model, whereby users have unlimited access to the
whole library for a flat monthly fee. This service is called NounPro and
-costs \$9.99 per month. Edward says this model is working well—good for
-customers, good for creators, and good for the platform.
+costs \$9.99 per month. Edward says this model is working well---good
+for customers, good for creators, and good for the platform.
Customers then began asking for an application-programming interface
(API), which would allow Noun Project icons and symbols to be directly
accessed from within other applications. Edward knew that the icons and
symbols would be valuable in a lot of different contexts and that they
-couldn’t possibly know all of them in advance, so they built an API with
+couldn't possibly know all of them in advance, so they built an API with
a lot of flexibility. Knowing that most API applications would want to
use the icons without giving attribution, the API was built with the aim
-of charging for its use. You can use what’s called the “Playground API”
+of charging for its use. You can use what's called the "Playground API"
for free to test how it integrates with your application, but full
implementation will require you to purchase the API Pro version.
The revenue from premium purchases (the subscription and API options) is
split a little differently. At the end of each month, the total revenue
-from subscriptions is divided by Noun Project’s total number of
-downloads, resulting in a rate per download—for example, it could be
+from subscriptions is divided by Noun Project's total number of
+downloads, resulting in a rate per download---for example, it could be
\$0.13 per download for that month. For each download, the revenue is
split 40 percent to the designer and 60 percent to the Noun Project.
-(For API usage, it’s per use instead of per download.) Noun Project’s
-share is higher this time as it’s providing more service to the user.
+(For API usage, it's per use instead of per download.) Noun Project's
+share is higher this time as it's providing more service to the user.
The Noun Project tries to be completely transparent about their royalty
structure.[^Noun-Project-2] They tend to over communicate with creators about it because
their combined collections. Lingo is free for personal use. A pro
version for \$9.99 per month lets you add guests. A team version for
\$49.95 per month allows up to twenty-five team members to collaborate,
-and to view, use, edit, and add new assets to each other’s collections.
+and to view, use, edit, and add new assets to each other's collections.
And if you subscribe to NounPro, you can access Noun Project from within
Lingo.
advertising and design agencies, educators, and others who need to
communicate ideas visually.
-For Edward, “creating, sharing, and celebrating the world’s visual
-language” is the most important aspect of what they do; it’s their
+For Edward, "creating, sharing, and celebrating the world's visual
+language" is the most important aspect of what they do; it's their
stated mission. It differentiates them from others who offer graphics,
icons, or clip art.
Noun Project creators agree. When surveyed on why they participate in
the Noun Project, this is how designers rank their reasons: 1) to
support the Noun Project mission, 2) to promote their own personal
-brand, and 3) to generate money. It’s striking to see that money comes
+brand, and 3) to generate money. It's striking to see that money comes
third, and mission, first. If you want to engage a global network of
-contributors, it’s important to have a mission beyond making money.
+contributors, it's important to have a mission beyond making money.
-In Edward’s view, Creative Commons is central to their mission of
-sharing and social good. Using Creative Commons makes the Noun Project’s
+In Edward's view, Creative Commons is central to their mission of
+sharing and social good. Using Creative Commons makes the Noun Project's
mission genuine and has generated a lot of their initial traction and
credibility. CC comes with a built-in community of users and fans.
-Edward told us, “Don’t underestimate the power of a passionate community
+Edward told us, "Don't underestimate the power of a passionate community
around your product or your business. They are going to go to bat for
-you when you’re getting ripped in the media. If you go down the road of
-choosing to work with Creative Commons, you’re taking the first step to
+you when you're getting ripped in the media. If you go down the road of
+choosing to work with Creative Commons, you're taking the first step to
building a great community and tapping into a really awesome community
that comes with it. But you need to continue to foster that community
-through other initiatives and continue to nurture it.”
-
-The Noun Project nurtures their creators’ second motivation—promoting a
-personal brand—by connecting every icon and symbol to the creator’s name
-and profile page; each profile features their full collection. Users can
-also search the icons by the creator’s name.
-
-The Noun Project also builds community through Iconathons—hackathons for
-icons.[^Noun-Project-2] In partnership with a sponsoring organization, the Noun Project
-comes up with a theme (e.g., sustainable energy, food bank, guerrilla
-gardening, human rights) and a list of icons that are needed, which
-designers are invited to create at the event. The results are
+through other initiatives and continue to nurture it."
+
+The Noun Project nurtures their creators' second motivation---promoting
+a personal brand---by connecting every icon and symbol to the creator's
+name and profile page; each profile features their full collection.
+Users can also search the icons by the creator's name.
+
+The Noun Project also builds community through Iconathons---hackathons
+for icons.[^Noun-Project-2] In partnership with a sponsoring organization, the Noun
+Project comes up with a theme (e.g., sustainable energy, food bank,
+guerrilla gardening, human rights) and a list of icons that are needed,
+which designers are invited to create at the event. The results are
vectorized, and added to the Noun Project using CC0 so they can be used
by anyone for free.
Providing a free version of their product that satisfies a lot of their
-customers’ needs has actually enabled the Noun Project to build the paid
-version, using a service-oriented model. The Noun Project’s success lies
+customers' needs has actually enabled the Noun Project to build the paid
+version, using a service-oriented model. The Noun Project's success lies
in creating services and content that are a strategic mix of free and
-paid while staying true to their mission—creating, sharing, and
-celebrating the world’s visual language. Integrating Creative Commons
+paid while staying true to their mission---creating, sharing, and
+celebrating the world's visual language. Integrating Creative Commons
into their model has been key to that goal.
### Web links
London-based Open Data Institute (ODI) offers data-related training,
events, consulting services, and research. For ODI, Creative Commons
licenses are central to making their own business model and their
-customers’ open. CC BY (Attribution), CC BY-SA (Attribution-ShareAlike),
-and CC0 (placed in the public domain) all play a critical role in ODI’s
+customers' open. CC BY (Attribution), CC BY-SA (Attribution-ShareAlike),
+and CC0 (placed in the public domain) all play a critical role in ODI's
mission to help people around the world innovate with data.
Data underpins planning and decision making across all aspects of
efficiency, and target investments. It can help citizens improve their
lives by better understanding what is happening around them.
-The Open Data Institute’s 2012–17 business plan starts out by describing
-its vision to establish itself as a world-leading center and to research
-and be innovative with the opportunities created by the UK government’s
-open data policy. (The government was an early pioneer in open policy
-and open-data initiatives.) It goes on to say that the ODI wants to—
+The Open Data Institute's 2012--17 business plan starts out by
+describing its vision to establish itself as a world-leading center and
+to research and be innovative with the opportunities created by the UK
+government's open data policy. (The government was an early pioneer in
+open policy and open-data initiatives.) It goes on to say that the ODI
+wants to---
- demonstrate the commercial value of open government data and how
open-data policies affect this;
- show how open data can improve public services.[^Open-Data-Institute-1]
ODI is very explicit about how it wants to make open business models,
-and defining what this means. Jeni Tennison, ODI’s technical director,
-puts it this way: “There is a whole ecosystem of open—open-source
-software, open government, open-access research—and a whole ecosystem of
-data. ODI’s work cuts across both, with an emphasis on where they
-overlap—with open data.” ODI’s particular focus is to show open data’s
+and defining what this means. Jeni Tennison, ODI's technical director,
+puts it this way: "There is a whole ecosystem of open---open-source
+software, open government, open-access research---and a whole ecosystem
+of data. ODI's work cuts across both, with an emphasis on where they
+overlap---with open data." ODI's particular focus is to show open data's
potential for revenue.
As an independent nonprofit, ODI secured £10 million over five years
a \$4.75-million investment from the Omidyar Network.
Jeni started out as a developer and technical architect for data.gov.uk,
-the UK government’s pioneering open-data initiative. She helped make
+the UK government's pioneering open-data initiative. She helped make
data sets from government departments available as open data. She joined
ODI in 2012 when it was just starting up, as one of six people. It now
has a staff of about sixty.
ODI strives to have half its annual budget come from the core UK
government and Omidyar grants, and the other half from project-based
-research and commercial work. In Jeni’s view, having this balance of
+research and commercial work. In Jeni's view, having this balance of
revenue sources establishes some stability, but also keeps them
motivated to go out and generate these matching funds in response to
market needs.
market for that. Instead, they offered a five-day-long public training
course, which has subsequently been reduced to three days; now the most
popular course is one day long. The fee, in addition to the time
-commitment, can be a barrier for participation. Jeni says, “Most of the
-people who would be able to pay don’t know they need it. Most who know
-they need it can’t pay.” Public-sector organizations sometimes give
+commitment, can be a barrier for participation. Jeni says, "Most of the
+people who would be able to pay don't know they need it. Most who know
+they need it can't pay." Public-sector organizations sometimes give
vouchers to their employees so they can attend as a form of professional
development.
technical staff. The training tends to generate high interest and
commitment.
-Education about open data is also a part of ODI’s annual summit event,
+Education about open data is also a part of ODI's annual summit event,
where curated presentations and speakers showcase the work of ODI and
its members across the entire ecosystem. Tickets to the summit are
available to the public, and hundreds of people and organizations attend
business to get more insight. Businesses can generate value and more
effectively pursue their own goals if they open up their own data
too. Big data is a hot topic.
-- Open innovation. Many large-scale enterprises are aware they don’t
+- Open innovation. Many large-scale enterprises are aware they don't
innovate very well. One way they can innovate is to open up their
data. ODI encourages them to do so even if it exposes problems and
challenges. The key is to invite other people to help while still
During their early years, ODI wanted to focus solely on the United
Kingdom. But in their first year, large delegations of government
visitors from over fifty countries wanted to learn more about the UK
-government’s open-data practices and how ODI saw that translating into
+government's open-data practices and how ODI saw that translating into
economic value. They were contracted as a service provider to
international governments, which prompted a need to set up international
-ODI “nodes.”
+ODI "nodes."
Nodes are franchises of the ODI at a regional or city level. Hosted by
existing (for-profit or not-for-profit) organizations, they operate
develop a sustainable business around open data, offering mentoring,
advice, training, and even office space.[^Open-Data-Institute-3]
-A big part of ODI’s business model revolves around community building.
+A big part of ODI's business model revolves around community building.
Memberships, training, summits, consulting services, nodes, and start-up
programs create an ever-growing network of open-data users and leaders.
(In fact, ODI even operates something called an Open Data Leaders
ODI has created an online tool that organizations can use to assess the
legal, practical, technical, and social aspects of their open data. If
-it is of high quality, the organization can earn ODI’s Open Data
+it is of high quality, the organization can earn ODI's Open Data
Certificate, a globally recognized mark that signals that their open
data is useful, reliable, accessible, discoverable, and supported.[^Open-Data-Institute-4]
Creative Commons 4.0 licenses cover database rights and ODI recommends
CC BY, CC BY-SA, and CC0 for data releases. ODI encourages publishers of
-data to use Creative Commons licenses rather than creating new “open
-licenses” of their own.
+data to use Creative Commons licenses rather than creating new "open
+licenses" of their own.
For ODI, open is at the heart of what they do. They also release any
software code they produce under open-source-software licenses, and
-publications and reports under CC BY or CC BY-SA licenses. ODI’s mission
+publications and reports under CC BY or CC BY-SA licenses. ODI's mission
is to connect and equip people around the world so they can innovate
with data. Disseminating stories, research, guidance, and code under an
open license is essential for achieving that mission. It also
not for the content of the training; people pay for the advice ODI gives
them, not for the methodologies they use. Producing open content, data,
and source code helps establish credibility and creates leads for the
-paid services that they offer. According to Jeni, “The biggest lesson we
+paid services that they offer. According to Jeni, "The biggest lesson we
have learned is that it is completely possible to be open, get
-customers, and make money.”
+customers, and make money."
To serve as evidence of a successful open business model and return on
investment, ODI has a public dashboard of key performance indicators.
Cofounders Nick Ierodiaconou and Joni Steiner studied and worked as
architects together. They also made goods. Their first client was Mint
Digital, who had an interest in open licensing. Nick and Joni were
-exploring digital fabrication, and Mint’s interest in open licensing got
+exploring digital fabrication, and Mint's interest in open licensing got
them to thinking how the open-source world may interact and apply to
physical goods. They sought to design something for their client that
-was also reproducible. As they put it, they decided to “ship the recipe,
-but not the goods.” They created the design using software, put it under
+was also reproducible. As they put it, they decided to "ship the recipe,
+but not the goods." They created the design using software, put it under
an open license, and had it manufactured locally near the client. This
-was the start of the idea for Opendesk. The idea for Wikihouse—another
-open project dedicated to accessible housing for all—started as
+was the start of the idea for Opendesk. The idea for Wikihouse---another
+open project dedicated to accessible housing for all---started as
discussions around the same table. The two projects ultimately went on
separate paths, with Wikihouse becoming a nonprofit foundation and
Opendesk a for-profit company.
licensing options. It was a thorny space, especially for designs. Just
what aspect of a design is copyrightable? What is patentable? How can
allowing for digital sharing and distribution be balanced against the
-designer’s desire to still hold ownership? In the end, they decided
+designer's desire to still hold ownership? In the end, they decided
there was no need to reinvent the wheel and settled on using Creative
Commons.
benefited designers when their designs were sold. Coming up with a
business model was going to be complex.
-They gave a lot of thought to three angles—the potential for social
+They gave a lot of thought to three angles---the potential for social
sharing, allowing designers to choose their license, and the impact
these choices would have on the business model.
In support of social sharing, Opendesk actively advocates for (but
-doesn’t demand) open licensing. And Nick and Joni are agnostic about
-which Creative Commons license is used; it’s up to the designer. They
+doesn't demand) open licensing. And Nick and Joni are agnostic about
+which Creative Commons license is used; it's up to the designer. They
can be proprietary or choose from the full suite of Creative Commons
licenses, deciding for themselves how open or closed they want to be.
For the most part, designers love the idea of sharing content. They
-understand that you get positive feedback when you’re attributed, what
-Nick and Joni called “reputational glow.” And Opendesk does an awesome
+understand that you get positive feedback when you're attributed, what
+Nick and Joni called "reputational glow." And Opendesk does an awesome
job profiling the designers.[^OpenDesk-1]
While designers are largely OK with personal sharing, there is a concern
with the designer not getting any benefits. So most Opendesk designers
choose the Attribution-NonCommercial license (CC BY-NC).
-Anyone can download a design and make it themselves, provided it’s for
-noncommercial use — and there have been many, many downloads. Or users
+Anyone can download a design and make it themselves, provided it's for
+noncommercial use --- and there have been many, many downloads. Or users
can buy the product from Opendesk, or from a registered maker in
-Opendesk’s network, for on-demand personal fabrication. The network of
+Opendesk's network, for on-demand personal fabrication. The network of
Opendesk makers currently is made up of those who do digital fabrication
using a computer-controlled CNC (Computer Numeric Control) machining
device that cuts shapes out of wooden sheets according to the
specifications in the design file.
-Makers benefit from being part of Opendesk’s network. Making furniture
+Makers benefit from being part of Opendesk's network. Making furniture
for local customers is paid work, and Opendesk generates business for
-them. Joni said, “Finding a whole network and community of makers was
+them. Joni said, "Finding a whole network and community of makers was
pretty easy because we built a site where people could write in about
their capabilities. Building the community by learning from the maker
-community is how we have moved forward.” Opendesk now has relationships
+community is how we have moved forward." Opendesk now has relationships
with hundreds of makers in countries all around the world.[^OpenDesk-2]
The makers are a critical part of the Opendesk business model. Their
-model builds off the makers’ quotes. Here’s how it’s expressed on
-Opendesk’s website:
+model builds off the makers' quotes. Here's how it's expressed on
+Opendesk's website:
When customers buy an Opendesk product directly from a registered maker,
they pay:
- a percentage fee to the channel through which the sale is made (at
the moment this is Opendesk, but in the future we aim to open this
up to third-party sellers who can sell Opendesk products through
- their own channels—this covers sales and marketing fees for the
+ their own channels---this covers sales and marketing fees for the
relevant channel)
- a local delivery service charge (the delivery is typically charged
by the maker, but in some cases may be paid to a third-party
delivery partner)
- charges for any additional services the customer chooses, such as
- on-site assembly (additional services are discretionary—in many
+ on-site assembly (additional services are discretionary---in many
cases makers will be happy to quote for assembly on-site and
designers may offer bespoke design options)
- local sales taxes (variable by customer and maker location)[^OpenDesk-3]
-They then go into detail how makers’ quotes are created:
+They then go into detail how makers' quotes are created:
When a customer wants to buy an Opendesk . . . they are provided with a
transparent breakdown of fees including the manufacturing cost, design
Opendesk shares revenue with their community of designers. According to
Nick and Joni, a typical designer fee is around 2.5 percent, so
-Opendesk’s 8 percent is more generous, and providing a higher value to
+Opendesk's 8 percent is more generous, and providing a higher value to
the designer.
The Opendesk website features stories of designers and makers. Denis
proportion of his business.
To manage resources and remain effective, Opendesk has so far focused on
-a very narrow niche—primarily office furniture of a certain simple
+a very narrow niche---primarily office furniture of a certain simple
aesthetic, which uses only one type of material and one manufacturing
technique. This allows them to be more strategic and more disruptive in
the market, by getting things to market quickly with competitive prices.
It also reflects their vision of creating reproducible and functional
pieces.
-On their website, Opendesk describes what they do as “open making”:
-“Designers get a global distribution channel. Makers get profitable jobs
+On their website, Opendesk describes what they do as "open making":
+"Designers get a global distribution channel. Makers get profitable jobs
and new customers. You get designer products without the designer price
tag, a more social, eco-friendly alternative to mass-production and an
-affordable way to buy custom-made products.”
+affordable way to buy custom-made products."
Nick and Joni say that customers like the fact that the furniture has a
known provenance. People really like that their furniture was designed
by a certain international designer but was made by a maker in their
-local community; it’s a great story to tell. It certainly sets apart
+local community; it's a great story to tell. It certainly sets apart
Opendesk furniture from the usual mass-produced items from a store.
Nick and Joni are taking a community-based approach to define and evolve
-Opendesk and the “open making” business model. They’re engaging thought
+Opendesk and the "open making" business model. They're engaging thought
leaders and practitioners to define this new movement. They have a
separate Open Making site, which includes a manifesto, a field guide,
and an invitation to get involved in the Open Making community.[^OpenDesk-4] People
can submit ideas and discuss the principles and business practices
-they’d like to see used.
+they'd like to see used.
Nick and Joni talked a lot with us about intellectual property (IP) and
commercialization. Many of their designers fear the idea that someone
creators out of a sense of fairness. They have found that behavioral
economics can replace some of the thorny legal issues. In their business
model, Nick and Joni are trying to suspend the focus on IP and build an
-open business model that works for all stakeholders—designers, channels,
-manufacturers, and customers. For them, the value Opendesk generates
-hangs off “open,” not IP.
+open business model that works for all stakeholders---designers,
+channels, manufacturers, and customers. For them, the value Opendesk
+generates hangs off "open," not IP.
The mission of Opendesk is about relocalizing manufacturing, which
changes the way we think about how goods are made. Commercialization is
-integral to their mission, and they’ve begun to focus on success metrics
+integral to their mission, and they've begun to focus on success metrics
that track how many makers and designers are engaged through Opendesk in
revenue-making work.
-As a global platform for local making, Opendesk’s business model has
+As a global platform for local making, Opendesk's business model has
been built on honesty, transparency, and inclusivity. As Nick and Joni
describe it, they put ideas out there that get traction and then have
faith in people.
courses, Dr. Baraniuk wanted to provide authors and learners a way to
share and freely adapt educational materials such as courses, books, and
reports. Today, Connexions (now called OpenStax CNX) is one of the
-world’s best libraries of customizable educational materials, all
+world's best libraries of customizable educational materials, all
licensed with Creative Commons and available to anyone, anywhere,
-anytime—for free.
+anytime---for free.
In 2008, while in a senior leadership role at WebAssign and looking at
ways to reduce the risk that came with relying on publishers, David
Harris began investigating open educational resources (OER) and
discovered Connexions. A year and a half later, Connexions received a
grant to help grow the use of OER so that it could meet the needs of
-students who couldn’t afford textbooks. David came on board to spearhead
+students who couldn't afford textbooks. David came on board to spearhead
this effort. Connexions became OpenStax CNX; the program to create open
textbooks became OpenStax College, now simply called OpenStax.
David brought with him a deep understanding of the best practices of
-publishing along with where publishers have inefficiencies. In David’s
+publishing along with where publishers have inefficiencies. In David's
view, peer review and high standards for quality are critically
important if you want to scale easily. Books have to have logical scope
and sequence, they have to exist as a whole and not in pieces, and they
their use.
Teachers are invited to try out a single chapter from one of the
-textbooks with students. If that goes well, they’re encouraged to adopt
+textbooks with students. If that goes well, they're encouraged to adopt
the entire book. They can simply paste a URL into their course syllabus,
for free and unlimited access. And with the CC BY license, teachers are
free to delete chapters, make changes, and customize any book to fit
provides slide presentations, test banks, answer keys, and so on.
Institutions can stand out by offering students a lower-cost education
-through the use of OpenStax textbooks; there’s even a textbook-savings
+through the use of OpenStax textbooks; there's even a textbook-savings
calculator they can use to see how much students would save. OpenStax
keeps a running list of institutions that have adopted their textbooks.[^OpenStax-2]
-Unlike traditional publishers’ monolithic approach of controlling
+Unlike traditional publishers' monolithic approach of controlling
intellectual property, distribution, and so many other aspects, OpenStax
has adopted a model that embraces open licensing and relies on an
extensive network of partners.
OpenStax has already published revisions of their titles, such as
Introduction to Sociology 2e, using these funds.
-In David’s view, this approach lets the market operate at peak
-efficiency. OpenStax’s partners don’t have to worry about developing
+In David's view, this approach lets the market operate at peak
+efficiency. OpenStax's partners don't have to worry about developing
textbook content, freeing them up from those development costs and
letting them focus on what they do best. With OpenStax textbooks
available at no cost, they can provide their services at a lower
-cost—not free, but still saving students money. OpenStax benefits not
+cost---not free, but still saving students money. OpenStax benefits not
only by receiving mission-support fees but through free publicity and
-marketing. OpenStax doesn’t have a sales force; partners are out there
+marketing. OpenStax doesn't have a sales force; partners are out there
showcasing their materials.
-OpenStax’s cost of sales to acquire a single student is very, very low
+OpenStax's cost of sales to acquire a single student is very, very low
and is a fraction of what traditional players in the market face. This
year, Tyton Partners is actually evaluating the costs of sales for an
OER effort like OpenStax in comparison with incumbents. David looks
no-returns policy. This is working well, since the sell-through of their
print titles is virtually a hundred percent.
-David thinks of the OpenStax model as “OER 2.0.” So what is OER 1.0?
+David thinks of the OpenStax model as "OER 2.0." So what is OER 1.0?
Historically in the OER field, many OER initiatives have been locally
-funded by institutions or government ministries. In David’s view, this
+funded by institutions or government ministries. In David's view, this
results in content that has high local value but is infrequently adopted
-nationally. It’s therefore difficult to show payback over a time scale
+nationally. It's therefore difficult to show payback over a time scale
that is reasonable.
OER 2.0 is about OER intended to be used and adopted on a national level
The process is similar for both models. First they look at the scope and
sequence of existing textbooks. They ask questions like what does the
customer need? Where are students having challenges? Then they identify
-potential authors and put them through a rigorous evaluation—only one in
-ten authors make it through. OpenStax selects a team of authors who come
-together to develop a template for a chapter and collectively write the
-first draft (or revise it, in the acquisitions model). (OpenStax doesn’t
-do books with just a single author as David says it risks the project
-going longer than scheduled.) The draft is peer-reviewed with no less
-than three reviewers per chapter. A second draft is generated, with
+potential authors and put them through a rigorous evaluation---only one
+in ten authors make it through. OpenStax selects a team of authors who
+come together to develop a template for a chapter and collectively write
+the first draft (or revise it, in the acquisitions model). (OpenStax
+doesn't do books with just a single author as David says it risks the
+project going longer than scheduled.) The draft is peer-reviewed with no
+less than three reviewers per chapter. A second draft is generated, with
artists producing illustrations and visuals to go along with the text.
The book is then copyedited to ensure grammatical correctness and a
singular voice. Finally, it goes into production and through a final
All the people involved in this process are paid. OpenStax does not rely
on volunteers. Writers, reviewers, illustrators, and editors are all
-paid an up-front fee—OpenStax does not use a royalty model. A
+paid an up-front fee---OpenStax does not use a royalty model. A
best-selling author might make more money under the traditional
publishing model, but that is only maybe 5 percent of all authors. From
-David’s perspective, 95 percent of all authors do better under the OER
+David's perspective, 95 percent of all authors do better under the OER
2.0 model, as there is no risk to them and they earn all the money up
front.
-David thinks of the Attribution license (CC BY) as the “innovation
-license.” It’s core to the mission of OpenStax, letting people use their
+David thinks of the Attribution license (CC BY) as the "innovation
+license." It's core to the mission of OpenStax, letting people use their
textbooks in innovative ways without having to ask for permission. It
frees up the whole market and has been central to OpenStax being able to
bring on partners. OpenStax sees a lot of customization of their
control and academic freedom.
Using CC BY is also a good example of using strategies that traditional
-publishers can’t. Traditional publishers rely on copyright to prevent
+publishers can't. Traditional publishers rely on copyright to prevent
others from making copies and heavily invest in digital rights
-management to ensure their books aren’t shared. By using CC BY, OpenStax
+management to ensure their books aren't shared. By using CC BY, OpenStax
avoids having to deal with digital rights management and its costs.
OpenStax books can be copied and shared over and over again. CC BY
changes the rules of engagement and takes advantage of traditional
OpenStax has primarily focused on introductory-level college courses
where there is high enrollment, but they are starting to think about
-verticals—a broad offering for a specific group or need. David thinks it
-would be terrific if OpenStax could provide access to free textbooks
+verticals---a broad offering for a specific group or need. David thinks
+it would be terrific if OpenStax could provide access to free textbooks
through the entire curriculum of a nursing degree, for example.
Finally, for OpenStax success is not just about the adoption of their
> Profile written by Sarah Hinchliff Pearson
Since the beginning of her career, Amanda Palmer has been on what she
-calls a “journey with no roadmap,” continually experimenting to find new
+calls a "journey with no roadmap," continually experimenting to find new
ways to sustain her creative work.[^Amanda-Palmer-1]
In her best-selling book, The Art of Asking, Amanda articulates exactly
-what she has been and continues to strive for—“the ideal sweet spot . .
-. in which the artist can share freely and directly feel the
+what she has been and continues to strive for---"the ideal sweet spot .
+. . in which the artist can share freely and directly feel the
reverberations of their artistic gifts to the community, and make a
-living doing that.”
+living doing that."
While she seems to have successfully found that sweet spot for herself,
Amanda is the first to acknowledge there is no silver bullet. She thinks
the digital age is both an exciting and frustrating time for creators.
-“On the one hand, we have this beautiful shareability,” Amanda said. “On
-the other, you’ve got a bunch of confused artists wondering how to make
-money to buy food so we can make more art.”
+"On the one hand, we have this beautiful shareability," Amanda said. "On
+the other, you've got a bunch of confused artists wondering how to make
+money to buy food so we can make more art."
Amanda began her artistic career as a street performer. She would dress
up in an antique wedding gown, paint her face white, stand on a stack of
by her without stopping, but an essential few stopped to watch and drop
some money into her hat to show their appreciation. Rather than dwelling
on the majority of people who ignored her, she felt thankful for those
-who stopped. “All I needed was . . . some people,” she wrote in her
-book. “Enough people. Enough to make it worth coming back the next day,
+who stopped. "All I needed was . . . some people," she wrote in her
+book. "Enough people. Enough to make it worth coming back the next day,
enough people to help me make rent and put food on the table. Enough so
-I could keep making art.”
+I could keep making art."
Amanda has come a long way from her street-performing days, but her
-career remains dominated by that same sentiment—finding ways to reach
-“her crowd” and feeling gratitude when she does. With her band the
+career remains dominated by that same sentiment---finding ways to reach
+"her crowd" and feeling gratitude when she does. With her band the
Dresden Dolls, Amanda tried the traditional path of signing with a
-record label. It didn’t take for a variety of reasons, but one of them
-was that the label had absolutely no interest in Amanda’s view of
+record label. It didn't take for a variety of reasons, but one of them
+was that the label had absolutely no interest in Amanda's view of
success. They wanted hits, but making music for the masses was never
what Amanda and the Dresden Dolls set out to do.
After leaving the record label in 2008, she began experimenting with
different ways to make a living. She released music directly to the
-public without involving a middle man, releasing digital files on a “pay
-what you want” basis and selling CDs and vinyl. She also made money from
+public without involving a middle man, releasing digital files on a "pay
+what you want" basis and selling CDs and vinyl. She also made money from
live performances and merchandise sales. Eventually, in 2012 she decided
to try her hand at the sort of crowdfunding we know so well today. Her
Kickstarter project started with a goal of \$100,000, and she made \$1.2
base on Patreon, a crowdfunding site that allows artists to get
recurring donations from fans. More than eight thousand people have
signed up to support her so she can create music, art, and any other
-creative “thing” that she is inspired to make. The recurring pledges are
-made on a “per thing” basis. All of the content she makes is made freely
+creative "thing" that she is inspired to make. The recurring pledges are
+made on a "per thing" basis. All of the content she makes is made freely
available under an Attribution-NonCommercial-ShareAlike license (CC
BY-NC-SA).
even before she discovered Creative Commons. Amanda says the Dresden
Dolls used to get ten emails per week from fans asking if they could use
their music for different projects. They said yes to all of the
-requests, as long as it wasn’t for a completely for-profit venture. At
-the time, they used a short-form agreement written by Amanda herself. “I
-made everyone sign that contract so at least I wouldn’t be leaving the
+requests, as long as it wasn't for a completely for-profit venture. At
+the time, they used a short-form agreement written by Amanda herself. "I
+made everyone sign that contract so at least I wouldn't be leaving the
band vulnerable to someone later going on and putting our music in a
-Camel cigarette ad,” Amanda said. Once she discovered Creative Commons,
+Camel cigarette ad," Amanda said. Once she discovered Creative Commons,
adopting the licenses was an easy decision because it gave them a more
formal, standardized way of doing what they had been doing all along.
The NonCommercial licenses were a natural fit.
Amanda embraces the way her fans share and build upon her music. In The
-Art of Asking, she wrote that some of her fans’ unofficial videos using
+Art of Asking, she wrote that some of her fans' unofficial videos using
her music surpass the official videos in number of views on YouTube.
Rather than seeing this sort of thing as competition, Amanda celebrates
-it. “We got into this because we wanted to share the joy of music,” she
+it. "We got into this because we wanted to share the joy of music," she
said.
This is symbolic of how nearly everything she does in her career is
motivated by a desire to connect with her fans. At the start of her
career, she and the band would throw concerts at house parties. As the
gatherings grew, the line between fans and friends was completely
-blurred. “Not only did most our early fans know where I lived and where
-we practiced, but most of them had also been in my kitchen,” Amanda
+blurred. "Not only did most our early fans know where I lived and where
+we practiced, but most of them had also been in my kitchen," Amanda
wrote in The Art of Asking.
Even though her fan base is now huge and global, she continues to seek
spends hours in the signing line after shows. It helps that Amanda has
the kind of dynamic, engaging personality that instantly draws people to
her, but a big component of her ability to connect with people is her
-willingness to listen. “Listening fast and caring immediately is a skill
-unto itself,” Amanda wrote.
+willingness to listen. "Listening fast and caring immediately is a skill
+unto itself," Amanda wrote.
Another part of the connection fans feel with Amanda is how much they
know about her life. Rather than trying to craft a public persona or
image, she essentially lives her life as an open book. She has written
-openly about incredibly personal events in her life, and she isn’t
-afraid to be vulnerable. Having that kind of trust in her fans—the trust
-it takes to be truly honest—begets trust from her fans in return. When
-she meets fans for the first time after a show, they can legitimately
-feel like they know her.
+openly about incredibly personal events in her life, and she isn't
+afraid to be vulnerable. Having that kind of trust in her fans---the
+trust it takes to be truly honest---begets trust from her fans in
+return. When she meets fans for the first time after a show, they can
+legitimately feel like they know her.
-“With social media, we’re so concerned with the picture looking
+"With social media, we're so concerned with the picture looking
palatable and consumable that we forget that being human and showing the
flaws and exposing the vulnerability actually create a deeper connection
-than just looking fantastic,” Amanda said. “Everything in our culture is
+than just looking fantastic," Amanda said. "Everything in our culture is
telling us otherwise. But my experience has shown me that the risk of
-making yourself vulnerable is almost always worth it.”
+making yourself vulnerable is almost always worth it."
Not only does she disclose intimate details of her life to them, she
sleeps on their couches, listens to their stories, cries with them. In
short, she treats her fans like friends in nearly every possible way,
-even when they are complete strangers. This mentality—that fans are
-friends—is completely intertwined with Amanda’s success as an artist. It
-is also intertwined with her use of Creative Commons licenses. Because
-that is what you do with your friends—you share.
+even when they are complete strangers. This mentality---that fans are
+friends---is completely intertwined with Amanda's success as an artist.
+It is also intertwined with her use of Creative Commons licenses.
+Because that is what you do with your friends---you share.
After years of investing time and energy into building trust with her
fans, she has a strong enough relationship with them to ask for
-support—through pay-what-you-want donations, Kickstarter, Patreon, or
+support---through pay-what-you-want donations, Kickstarter, Patreon, or
even asking them to lend a hand at a concert. As Amanda explains it,
crowdfunding (which is really what all of these different things are) is
about asking for support from people who know and trust you. People who
feel personally invested in your success.
-“When you openly, radically trust people, they not only take care of
-you, they become your allies, your family,” she wrote. There really is a
+"When you openly, radically trust people, they not only take care of
+you, they become your allies, your family," she wrote. There really is a
feeling of solidarity within her core fan base. From the beginning,
Amanda and her band encouraged people to dress up for their shows. They
-consciously cultivated a feeling of belonging to their “weird little
-family.”
+consciously cultivated a feeling of belonging to their "weird little
+family."
This sort of intimacy with fans is not possible or even desirable for
-every creator. “I don’t take for granted that I happen to be the type of
-person who loves cavorting with strangers,” Amanda said. “I recognize
-that it’s not necessarily everyone’s idea of a good time. Everyone does
-it differently. Replicating what I have done won’t work for others if it
-isn’t joyful to them. It’s about finding a way to channel energy in a
-way that is joyful to you.”
+every creator. "I don't take for granted that I happen to be the type of
+person who loves cavorting with strangers," Amanda said. "I recognize
+that it's not necessarily everyone's idea of a good time. Everyone does
+it differently. Replicating what I have done won't work for others if it
+isn't joyful to them. It's about finding a way to channel energy in a
+way that is joyful to you."
Yet while Amanda joyfully interacts with her fans and involves them in
her work as much as possible, she does keep one job primarily to
-herself—writing the music. She loves the creativity with which her fans
-use and adapt her work, but she intentionally does not involve them at
-the first stage of creating her artistic work. And, of course, the songs
-and music are what initially draw people to Amanda Palmer. It is only
-once she has connected to people through her music that she can then
-begin to build ties with them on a more personal level, both in person
-and online. In her book, Amanda describes it as casting a net. It starts
-with the art and then the bond strengthens with human connection.
+herself---writing the music. She loves the creativity with which her
+fans use and adapt her work, but she intentionally does not involve them
+at the first stage of creating her artistic work. And, of course, the
+songs and music are what initially draw people to Amanda Palmer. It is
+only once she has connected to people through her music that she can
+then begin to build ties with them on a more personal level, both in
+person and online. In her book, Amanda describes it as casting a net. It
+starts with the art and then the bond strengthens with human connection.
For Amanda, the entire point of being an artist is to establish and
-maintain this connection. “It sounds so corny,” she said, “but my
+maintain this connection. "It sounds so corny," she said, "but my
experience in forty years on this planet has pointed me to an obvious
-truth—that connection with human beings feels so much better and more
+truth---that connection with human beings feels so much better and more
fulfilling than approaching art through a capitalist lens. There is no
more satisfying end goal than having someone tell you that what you do
-is genuinely of value to them.”
+is genuinely of value to them."
As she explains it, when a fan gives her a ten-dollar bill, usually what
they are saying is that the money symbolizes some deeper value the music
-provided them. For Amanda, art is not just a product; it’s a
+provided them. For Amanda, art is not just a product; it's a
relationship. Viewed from this lens, what Amanda does today is not that
different from what she did as a young street performer. She shares her
music and other artistic gifts. She shares herself. And then rather than
> Profile written by Paul Stacey
The Public Library of Science (PLOS) began in 2000 when three leading
-scientists—Harold E. Varmus, Patrick O. Brown, and Michael Eisen—started
-an online petition. They were calling for scientists to stop submitting
-papers to journals that didn’t make the full text of their papers freely
-available immediately or within six months. Although tens of thousands
-signed the petition, most did not follow through. In August 2001,
-Patrick and Michael announced that they would start their own nonprofit
-publishing operation to do just what the petition promised. With
-start-up grant support from the Gordon and Betty Moore Foundation, PLOS
-was launched to provide new open-access journals for biomedicine, with
-research articles being released under Attribution (CC BY) licenses.
+scientists---Harold E. Varmus, Patrick O. Brown, and Michael
+Eisen---started an online petition. They were calling for scientists to
+stop submitting papers to journals that didn't make the full text of
+their papers freely available immediately or within six months. Although
+tens of thousands signed the petition, most did not follow through. In
+August 2001, Patrick and Michael announced that they would start their
+own nonprofit publishing operation to do just what the petition
+promised. With start-up grant support from the Gordon and Betty Moore
+Foundation, PLOS was launched to provide new open-access journals for
+biomedicine, with research articles being released under Attribution (CC
+BY) licenses.
Traditionally, academic publishing begins with an author submitting a
manuscript to a publisher. After in-house technical and ethical
For Louise Page, the current publisher of PLOS, this traditional model
results in inequity. Access is restricted to those who can pay. Most
research is funded through government-appointed agencies, that is, with
-public funds. It’s unjust that the public who funded the research would
+public funds. It's unjust that the public who funded the research would
be required to pay again to access the results. Not everyone can afford
the ever-escalating subscription fees publishers charge, especially when
library budgets are being reduced. Restricting access to the results of
publication. Rather than charge a subscription fee to access the
journal, PLOS decided to turn the model on its head and charge a
publication fee, known as an article-processing charge. This up-front
-fee, generally paid by the funder of the research or the author’s
+fee, generally paid by the funder of the research or the author's
institution, covers the expenses such as editorial oversight,
peer-review management, journal production, online hosting, and support
for discovery. Fees are per article and are billed upon acceptance for
Calculating the article-processing charge involves taking all the costs
associated with publishing the journal and determining a cost per
-article that collectively recovers costs. For PLOS’s journals in
+article that collectively recovers costs. For PLOS's journals in
biology, medicine, genetics, computational biology, neglected tropical
diseases, and pathogens, the article-processing charge ranges from
\$2,250 to \$2,900. Article-publication charges for PLOS ONE, a journal
PLOS believes that lack of funds should not be a barrier to publication.
Since its inception, PLOS has provided fee support for individuals and
-institutions to help authors who can’t afford the article-processing
+institutions to help authors who can't afford the article-processing
charges.
Louise identifies marketing as one area of big difference between PLOS
and convince customers to subscribe. Restricting access to subscribers
means that tools for managing access control are necessary. They spend
millions of dollars on access-control systems, staff to manage them, and
-sales staff. With PLOS’s open-access publishing, there’s no need for
+sales staff. With PLOS's open-access publishing, there's no need for
these massive expenses; the articles are free, open, and accessible to
all upon publication. Additionally, traditional publishers tend to spend
more on marketing to libraries, who ultimately pay the subscription
there is always a trade-off with scale, as the bigger the volume of
articles, the more time the approval process inevitably takes.
-Peer review is another part of the process that could change. It’s
+Peer review is another part of the process that could change. It's
possible to redefine what peer review actually is, when to review, and
what constitutes the final article for publication. Louise talked about
the potential to shift to an open-review process, placing the emphasis
-on transparency rather than double-blind reviews. Louise thinks we’re
-moving into a direction where it’s actually beneficial for an author to
+on transparency rather than double-blind reviews. Louise thinks we're
+moving into a direction where it's actually beneficial for an author to
know who is reviewing their paper and for the reviewer to know their
review will be public. An open-review process can also ensure everyone
gets credit; right now, credit is limited to the publisher and author.
Louise says research with negative outcomes is almost as important as
positive results. If journals published more research with negative
-outcomes, we’d learn from what didn’t work. It could also reduce how
+outcomes, we'd learn from what didn't work. It could also reduce how
much the research wheel gets reinvented around the world.
Another adjustable practice is the sharing of articles at early preprint
Other researches may see findings the preprint author has not yet
thought of. However, preprints help researchers get their discoveries
out early and establish precedence. A big challenge is that researchers
-don’t have a lot of time to comment on preprints.
+don't have a lot of time to comment on preprints.
What constitutes a journal article could also change. The idea of a
research article as printed, bound, and in a library stack is outdated.
By the time Lizzy Jongma joined the Rijksmuseum in 2011 as a data
manager, staff were fed up with the situation the museum was in. They
-also realized that even with the new and larger space, it still wouldn’t
-be able to show very much of the whole collection—eight thousand of over
-one million works representing just 1 percent. Staff began exploring
-ways to express themselves, to have something to show for all of the
-work they had been doing. The Rijksmuseum is primarily funded by Dutch
-taxpayers, so was there a way for the museum provide benefit to the
-public while it was closed? They began thinking about sharing
-Rijksmuseum’s collection using information technology. And they put up a
+also realized that even with the new and larger space, it still wouldn't
+be able to show very much of the whole collection---eight thousand of
+over one million works representing just 1 percent. Staff began
+exploring ways to express themselves, to have something to show for all
+of the work they had been doing. The Rijksmuseum is primarily funded by
+Dutch taxpayers, so was there a way for the museum provide benefit to
+the public while it was closed? They began thinking about sharing
+Rijksmuseum's collection using information technology. And they put up a
card-catalog like database of the entire collection online.
It was effective but a bit boring. It was just data. A hackathon they
Rijksmuseum collection? That eventually led to why not put the whole
collection online?
-Then, Lizzy says, Europeana came along. Europeana is Europe’s digital
+Then, Lizzy says, Europeana came along. Europeana is Europe's digital
library, museum, and archive for cultural heritage.[^Rijksmuseum-1] As an online portal
to museum collections all across Europe, Europeana had become an
important online platform. In October 2010 Creative Commons released CC0
scary, but at the same time it stimulated even more discussion on
whether the Rijksmuseum should follow suit.
-They realized that they don’t “own” the collection and couldn’t
+They realized that they don't "own" the collection and couldn't
realistically monitor and enforce compliance with the restrictive
licensing terms they currently had in place. For example, many copies
-and versions of Vermeer’s Milkmaid (part of their collection) were
+and versions of Vermeer's Milkmaid (part of their collection) were
already online, many of them of very poor quality. They could spend time
-and money policing its use, but it would probably be futile and wouldn’t
-make people stop using their images online. They ended up thinking it’s
+and money policing its use, but it would probably be futile and wouldn't
+make people stop using their images online. They ended up thinking it's
an utter waste of time to hunt down people who use the Rijksmuseum
collection. And anyway, restricting access meant the people they were
frustrating the most were schoolkids.
Releasing these high-quality images for free reduced the number of
poor-quality images that were proliferating. The high-quality image of
-Vermeer’s Milkmaid, for example, is downloaded two to three thousand
+Vermeer's Milkmaid, for example, is downloaded two to three thousand
times a month. On the Internet, images from a source like the
Rijksmuseum are more trusted, and releasing them with a Creative Commons
CC0 means they can easily be found in other platforms. For example,
Rijksmuseum images are now used in thousands of Wikipedia articles,
receiving ten to eleven million views per month. This extends
-Rijksmuseum’s reach far beyond the scope of its website. Sharing these
-images online creates what Lizzy calls the “Mona Lisa effect,” where a
+Rijksmuseum's reach far beyond the scope of its website. Sharing these
+images online creates what Lizzy calls the "Mona Lisa effect," where a
work of art becomes so famous that people want to see it in real life by
visiting the actual museum.
the Rijksmuseum.
As museums create a digital presence for themselves and put up digital
-representations of their collection online, there’s frequently a worry
+representations of their collection online, there's frequently a worry
that it will lead to a drop in actual physical visits. For the
Rijksmuseum, this has not turned out to be the case. Lizzy told us the
Rijksmuseum used to get about one million visitors a year before closing
and now gets more than two million a year. Making the collection
available online has generated publicity and acts as a form of
marketing. The Creative Commons mark encourages reuse as well. When the
-image is found on protest leaflets, milk cartons, and children’s toys,
+image is found on protest leaflets, milk cartons, and children's toys,
people also see what museum the image comes from and this increases the
-museum’s visibility.
+museum's visibility.
In 2011 the Rijksmuseum received €1 million from the Dutch lottery to
create a new web presence that would be different from any other
-museum’s. In addition to redesigning their main website to be mobile
+museum's. In addition to redesigning their main website to be mobile
friendly and responsive to devices like the iPad, the Rijksmuseum also
created the Rijksstudio, where users and artists could use and do
various things with the Rijksmuseum collection.[^Rijksmuseum-2]
The Rijksstudio gives users access to over two hundred thousand
high-quality digital representations of masterworks from the collection.
Users can zoom in to any work and even clip small parts of images they
-like. Rijksstudio is a bit like Pinterest. You can “like” works and
+like. Rijksstudio is a bit like Pinterest. You can "like" works and
compile your personal favorites, and you can share them with friends or
download them free of charge. All the images in the Rijksstudio are
copyright and royalty free, and users are encouraged to use them as they
Some contemporary artists who have works in the Rijksmuseum collection
contacted them to ask why their works were not included in the
-Rijksstudio. The answer was that contemporary artists’ works are still
+Rijksstudio. The answer was that contemporary artists' works are still
bound by copyright. The Rijksmuseum does encourage contemporary artists
to use a Creative Commons license for their works, usually a CC BY-SA
license
The line between creative and commercial can be blurry. As Lizzy says,
even Rembrandt was commercial, making his livelihood from selling his
paintings. The Rijksmuseum encourages entrepreneurial commercial use of
-the images in Rijksstudio. They’ve even partnered with the DIY
+the images in Rijksstudio. They've even partnered with the DIY
marketplace Etsy to inspire people to sell their creations. One great
example you can find on Etsy is a kimono designed by Angie Johnson, who
used an image of an elaborate cabinet along with an oil painting by Jan
Going with a more open business model generated lots of publicity for
the Rijksmuseum. They were one of the first museums to open up their
collection (that is, give free access) with high-quality images. This
-strategy, along with the many improvements to the Rijksmuseum’s website,
+strategy, along with the many improvements to the Rijksmuseum's website,
dramatically increased visits to their website from thirty-five thousand
visits per month to three hundred thousand.
For the Rijksmuseum, adopting an open business model was scary. They
came up with many worst-case scenarios, imagining all kinds of awful
-things people might do with the museum’s works. But Lizzy says those
-fears did not come true because “ninety-nine percent of people have
-respect for great art.” Many museums think they can make a lot of money
-by selling things related to their collection. But in Lizzy’s
+things people might do with the museum's works. But Lizzy says those
+fears did not come true because "ninety-nine percent of people have
+respect for great art." Many museums think they can make a lot of money
+by selling things related to their collection. But in Lizzy's
experience, museums are usually bad at selling things, and sometimes
efforts to generate a small amount of money block something much
-bigger—the real value that the collection has. For Lizzy, clinging to
+bigger---the real value that the collection has. For Lizzy, clinging to
small amounts of revenue is being penny-wise but pound-foolish. For the
Rijksmuseum, a key lesson has been to never lose sight of its vision for
the collection. Allowing access to and use of their collection has
-generated great promotional value—far more than the previous practice of
-charging fees for access and use. Lizzy sums up their experience: “Give
-away; get something in return. Generosity makes people happy to join you
-and help out.”
+generated great promotional value---far more than the previous practice
+of charging fees for access and use. Lizzy sums up their experience:
+"Give away; get something in return. Generosity makes people happy to
+join you and help out."
### Web links
[^Rijksmuseum-4]: [](http://www.rijksmuseum.nl/en/rijksstudio-award); the 2014 award:
[](http://www.rijksmuseum.nl/en/rijksstudio-award-2014); the 2015 award:
[](http://www.rijksmuseum.nl/en/rijksstudio-award-2015)
-[^Rijksmuseum-5]: [](http://www.rijksmuseum.nl/nl/rijksstudio/142328--nominees-rijksstudio-award/creaties/ba595afe-452d-46bd-9c8c-48dcbdd7f0a4)
+[^Rijksmuseum-5]: [](http://www.rijksmuseum.nl/nl/rijksstudio/142328\--nominees-rijksstudio-award/creaties/ba595afe-452d-46bd-9c8c-48dcbdd7f0a4)
## Shareable
>
had helped start a sharing movement four years prior, but over time,
they watched one part of the movement stray from its ideals. As giants
like Uber and Airbnb gained ground, attention began to center on the
-“sharing economy” we know now—profit-driven, transactional, and loaded
+"sharing economy" we know now---profit-driven, transactional, and loaded
with venture-capital money. Leaders of corporate start-ups in this
domain invited Shareable to advocate for them. The magazine faced a
choice: ride the wave or stand on principle.
As an organization, Shareable decided to draw a line in the sand. In
2013, the cofounder and executive editor Neal Gorenflo wrote an opinion
-piece in the PandoDaily that charted Shareable’s new critical stance on
+piece in the PandoDaily that charted Shareable's new critical stance on
the Silicon Valley version of the sharing economy, while contrasting it
with aspects of the real sharing economy like open-source software,
participatory budgeting (where citizens decide how a public budget is
-spent), cooperatives, and more. He wrote, “It’s not so much that
-collaborative consumption is dead, it’s more that it risks dying as it
-gets absorbed by the ‘Borg.’”
+spent), cooperatives, and more. He wrote, "It's not so much that
+collaborative consumption is dead, it's more that it risks dying as it
+gets absorbed by the 'Borg.'"
Neal said their public critique of the corporate sharing economy defined
what Shareable was and is. He does not think the magazine would still be
-around had they chosen differently. “We would have gotten another type
-of audience, but it would have spelled the end of us,” he said. “We are
+around had they chosen differently. "We would have gotten another type
+of audience, but it would have spelled the end of us," he said. "We are
a small, mission-driven organization. We would never have been able to
-weather the criticism that Airbnb and Uber are getting now.”
+weather the criticism that Airbnb and Uber are getting now."
Interestingly, impassioned supporters are only a small sliver of
-Shareable’s total audience. Most are casual readers who come across a
+Shareable's total audience. Most are casual readers who come across a
Shareable story because it happens to align with a project or interest
they have. But choosing principles over the possibility of riding the
coattails of the major corporate players in the sharing space saved
-Shareable’s credibility. Although they became detached from the
+Shareable's credibility. Although they became detached from the
corporate sharing economy, the online magazine became the voice of the
-“real sharing economy” and continued to grow their audience.
+"real sharing economy" and continued to grow their audience.
Shareable is a magazine, but the content they publish is a means to
furthering their role as a leader and catalyst of a movement. Shareable
-became a leader in the movement in 2009. “At that time, there was a
+became a leader in the movement in 2009. "At that time, there was a
sharing movement bubbling beneath the surface, but no one was connecting
-the dots,” Neal said. “We decided to step into that space and take on
-that role.” The small team behind the nonprofit publication truly
+the dots," Neal said. "We decided to step into that space and take on
+that role." The small team behind the nonprofit publication truly
believed sharing could be central to solving some of the major problems
-human beings face—resource inequality, social isolation, and global
+human beings face---resource inequality, social isolation, and global
warming.
They have worked hard to find ways to tell stories that show different
-metrics for success. “We wanted to change the notion of what constitutes
-the good life,” Neal said. While they started out with a very broad
+metrics for success. "We wanted to change the notion of what constitutes
+the good life," Neal said. While they started out with a very broad
focus on sharing generally, today they emphasize stories about the
-physical commons like “sharing cities” (i.e., urban areas managed in a
+physical commons like "sharing cities" (i.e., urban areas managed in a
sustainable, cooperative way), as well as digital platforms that are run
democratically. They particularly focus on how-to content that help
their readers make changes in their own lives and communities.
-More than half of Shareable’s stories are written by paid journalists
-that are contracted by the magazine. “Particularly in content areas that
+More than half of Shareable's stories are written by paid journalists
+that are contracted by the magazine. "Particularly in content areas that
are a priority for us, we really want to go deep and control the
-quality,” Neal said. The rest of the content is either contributed by
+quality," Neal said. The rest of the content is either contributed by
guest writers, often for free, or written by other publications from
their network of content publishers. Shareable is a member of the Post
Growth Alliance, which facilitates the sharing of content and audiences
among a large and growing group of mostly nonprofits. Each organization
gets a chance to present stories to the group, and the organizations can
-use and promote each other’s stories. Much of the content created by the
+use and promote each other's stories. Much of the content created by the
network is licensed with Creative Commons.
-All of Shareable’s original content is published under the Attribution
+All of Shareable's original content is published under the Attribution
license (CC BY), meaning it can be used for any purpose as long as
credit is given to Shareable. Creative Commons licensing is aligned with
-Shareable’s vision, mission, and identity. That alone explains the
-organization’s embrace of the licenses for their content, but Neal also
-believes CC licensing helps them increase their reach. “By using CC
-licensing,” he said, “we realized we could reach far more people through
+Shareable's vision, mission, and identity. That alone explains the
+organization's embrace of the licenses for their content, but Neal also
+believes CC licensing helps them increase their reach. "By using CC
+licensing," he said, "we realized we could reach far more people through
a formal and informal network of republishers or affiliates. That has
-definitely been the case. It’s hard for us to measure the reach of other
+definitely been the case. It's hard for us to measure the reach of other
media properties, but most of the outlets who republish our work have
-much bigger audiences than we do.”
+much bigger audiences than we do."
In addition to their regular news and commentary online, Shareable has
also experimented with book publishing. In 2012, they worked with a
traditional publisher to release Share or Die: Voices of the Get Lost
Generation in an Age of Crisis. The CC-licensed book was available in
-print form for purchase or online for free. To this day, the book—along
-with their CC-licensed guide Policies for Shareable Cities—are two of
-the biggest generators of traffic on their website.
+print form for purchase or online for free. To this day, the
+book---along with their CC-licensed guide Policies for Shareable
+Cities---are two of the biggest generators of traffic on their website.
In 2016, Shareable self-published a book of curated Shareable stories
called How to: Share, Save Money and Have Fun. The book was available
For Shareable, success is very much about their impact on the world.
This is true for Neal, but also for everyone who works for Shareable.
-“We attract passionate people,” Neal said. At times, that means
+"We attract passionate people," Neal said. At times, that means
employees work so hard they burn out. Neal tries to stress to the
Shareable team that another part of success is having fun and taking
-care of yourself while you do something you love. “A central part of
+care of yourself while you do something you love. "A central part of
human beings is that we long to be on a great adventure with people we
-love,” he said. “We are a species who look over the horizon and imagine
-and create new worlds, but we also seek the comfort of hearth and home.”
+love," he said. "We are a species who look over the horizon and imagine
+and create new worlds, but we also seek the comfort of hearth and home."
In 2013, Shareable ran its first crowdfunding campaign to launch their
Sharing Cities Network. Neal said at first they were on pace to fail
spectacularly. They called in their advisers in a panic and asked for
-help. The advice they received was simple—“Sit your ass in a chair and
-start making calls.” That’s exactly what they did, and they ended up
+help. The advice they received was simple---"Sit your ass in a chair and
+start making calls." That's exactly what they did, and they ended up
reaching their \$50,000 goal. Neal said the campaign helped them reach
new people, but the vast majority of backers were people in their
existing base.
Shareable began hosting events in 2010. These events were designed to
bring the sharing community together. But over time they realized they
could reach far more people if they helped their readers to host their
-own events. “If we wanted to go big on a conference, there was a huge
+own events. "If we wanted to go big on a conference, there was a huge
risk and huge staffing needs, plus only a fraction of our community
-could travel to the event,” Neal said. Enabling others to create their
+could travel to the event," Neal said. Enabling others to create their
own events around the globe allowed them to scale up their work more
effectively and reach far more people. Shareable has catalyzed three
hundred different events reaching over twenty thousand people since
mathematics and science subjects for grades 4 to 12 in South Africa.
In terms of creating an open business model that involves Creative
-Commons, Siyavula—and its founder, Mark Horner—have been around the
+Commons, Siyavula---and its founder, Mark Horner---have been around the
block a few times. Siyavula has significantly shifted directions and
-strategies to survive and prosper. Mark says it’s been very organic.
+strategies to survive and prosper. Mark says it's been very organic.
It all started in 2002, when Mark and several other colleagues at the
University of Cape Town in South Africa founded the Free High School
-Science Texts project. Most students in South Africa high schools didn’t
+Science Texts project. Most students in South Africa high schools didn't
have access to high-quality, comprehensive science and math textbooks,
so Mark and his colleagues set out to write them and make them freely
available.
As physicists, Mark and his colleagues were advocates of open-source
software. To make the books open and free, they adopted the Free
-Software Foundation’s GNU Free Documentation License.[^Siyavula-1] They chose LaTeX,
+Software Foundation's GNU Free Documentation License.[^Siyavula-1] They chose LaTeX,
a typesetting program used to publish scientific documents, to author
the books. Over a period of five years, the Free High School Science
Texts project produced math and physical-science textbooks for grades 10
In 2007, the Shuttleworth Foundation offered funding support to make the
textbooks available for trial use at more schools. Surveys before and
after the textbooks were adopted showed there were no substantial
-criticisms of the textbooks’ pedagogical content. This pleased both the
+criticisms of the textbooks' pedagogical content. This pleased both the
authors and Shuttleworth; Mark remains incredibly proud of this
accomplishment.
But the development of new textbooks froze at this stage. Mark shifted
-his focus to rural schools, which didn’t have textbooks at all, and
+his focus to rural schools, which didn't have textbooks at all, and
looked into the printing and distribution options. A few sponsors came
on board but not enough to meet the need.
One result was the Cape Town Open Education Declaration, a statement of
principles, strategies, and commitment to help the open-education
movement grow.[^Siyavula-2] Shuttleworth also invited Mark to run a project writing
-open content for all subjects for K–12 in English. That project became
+open content for all subjects for K--12 in English. That project became
Siyavula.
They wrote six original textbooks. A small publishing company offered
-Shuttleworth the option to buy out the publisher’s existing K–9 content
+Shuttleworth the option to buy out the publisher's existing K--9 content
for every subject in South African schools in both English and
Afrikaans. A deal was struck, and all the acquired content was licensed
with Creative Commons, significantly expanding the collection beyond the
six original books.
Mark wanted to build out the remaining curricula collaboratively through
-communities of practice—that is, with fellow educators and writers.
+communities of practice---that is, with fellow educators and writers.
Although sharing is fundamental to teaching, there can be a few
challenges when you create educational resources collectively. One
concern is legal. It is standard practice in education to copy diagrams
-and snippets of text, but of course this doesn’t always comply with
-copyright law. Another concern is transparency. Sharing what you’ve
+and snippets of text, but of course this doesn't always comply with
+copyright law. Another concern is transparency. Sharing what you've
authored means everyone can see it and opens you up to criticism. To
alleviate these concerns, Mark adopted a team-based approach to
authoring and insisted the curricula be based entirely on resources with
Not only did Mark want the resources to be shareable, he wanted all
teachers to be able to remix and edit the content. Mark and his team had
to come up with an open editable format and provide tools for editing.
-They ended up putting all the books they’d acquired and authored on a
+They ended up putting all the books they'd acquired and authored on a
platform called Connexions.[^Siyavula-3] Siyavula trained many teachers to use
Connexions, but it proved to be too complex and the textbooks were
rarely edited.
Then the Shuttleworth Foundation decided to completely restructure its
work as a foundation into a fellowship model (for reasons completely
-unrelated to Siyavula). As part of that transition in 2009–10, Mark
+unrelated to Siyavula). As part of that transition in 2009--10, Mark
inherited Siyavula as an independent entity and took ownership over it
as a Shuttleworth fellow.
Africa would give their brand huge exposure and could drive vast amounts
of traffic to their website. In addition to print books, Siyavula could
also make the books available on their website, making it possible for
-learners to access them using any device—computer, tablet, or mobile
+learners to access them using any device---computer, tablet, or mobile
phone.
Mark and his team began imagining what they could develop beyond what
was in the textbooks as a service they charge for. One key thing you
-can’t do well in a printed textbook is demonstrate solutions. Typically,
+can't do well in a printed textbook is demonstrate solutions. Typically,
a one-line answer is given at the end of the book but nothing on the
process for arriving at that solution. Mark and his team developed
practice items and detailed solutions, giving learners plenty of
-opportunity to test out what they’ve learned. Furthermore, an algorithm
+opportunity to test out what they've learned. Furthermore, an algorithm
could adapt these practice items to the individual needs of each
learner. They called this service Intelligent Practice and embedded
links to it in the open textbooks.
wait, schools who could afford it provided students with a different
textbook. The Siyavula books were eventually distributed, but with
well-off schools mainly using a different book, the primary market for
-Siyavula’s Intelligent Practice service inadvertently became low-income
+Siyavula's Intelligent Practice service inadvertently became low-income
learners.
-Siyavula’s site did see a dramatic increase in traffic. They got five
+Siyavula's site did see a dramatic increase in traffic. They got five
hundred thousand visitors per month to their math site and the same
number to their science site. Two-fifths of the traffic was reading on a
-“feature phone” (a nonsmartphone with no apps). People on basic phones
+"feature phone" (a nonsmartphone with no apps). People on basic phones
were reading math and science on a two-inch screen at all hours of the
day. To Mark, it was quite amazing and spoke to a need they were
servicing.
credit card. This proved problematic, especially for those in the
low-income demographic, as credit cards were not prevalent. Mark says
Siyavula got a harsh business-model lesson early on. As he describes it,
-it’s not just about product, but how you sell it, who the market is,
+it's not just about product, but how you sell it, who the market is,
what the price is, and what the barriers to entry are.
-Mark describes this as the first version of Siyavula’s business model:
+Mark describes this as the first version of Siyavula's business model:
open textbooks serving as marketing material and driving traffic to your
site, where you can offer a related service and convert some people into
a paid customer.
-For Mark a key decision for Siyavula’s business was to focus on how they
-can add value on top of their basic service. They’ll charge only if they
-are adding unique value. The actual content of the textbook isn’t unique
+For Mark a key decision for Siyavula's business was to focus on how they
+can add value on top of their basic service. They'll charge only if they
+are adding unique value. The actual content of the textbook isn't unique
at all, so Siyavula sees no value in locking it down and charging for
it. Mark contrasts this with traditional publishers who charge over and
over again for the same content without adding value.
-Version two of Siyavula’s business model was a big, ambitious idea—scale
-up. They also decided to sell the Intelligent Practice service to
-schools directly. Schools can subscribe on a per-student, per-subject
-basis. A single subscription gives a learner access to a single subject,
-including practice content from every grade available for that subject.
-Lower subscription rates are provided when there are over two hundred
-students, and big schools have a price cap. A 40 percent discount is
-offered to schools where both the science and math departments
-subscribe.
+Version two of Siyavula's business model was a big, ambitious
+idea---scale up. They also decided to sell the Intelligent Practice
+service to schools directly. Schools can subscribe on a per-student,
+per-subject basis. A single subscription gives a learner access to a
+single subject, including practice content from every grade available
+for that subject. Lower subscription rates are provided when there are
+over two hundred students, and big schools have a price cap. A 40
+percent discount is offered to schools where both the science and math
+departments subscribe.
Teachers get a dashboard that allows them to monitor the progress of an
-entire class or view an individual learner’s results. They can see the
+entire class or view an individual learner's results. They can see the
questions that learners are working on, identify areas of difficulty,
and be more strategic in their teaching. Students also have their own
-personalized dashboard, where they can view the sections they’ve
-practiced, how many points they’ve earned, and how their performance is
+personalized dashboard, where they can view the sections they've
+practiced, how many points they've earned, and how their performance is
improving.
Based on the success of this effort, Siyavula decided to substantially
In partnership with, and sponsored by, the Sasol Inzalo Foundation,
Siyavula produced a series of natural sciences and technology workbooks
for grades 4 to 6 called Thunderbolt Kids that uses a fun comic-book
-style.[^Siyavula-4] It’s a complete curriculum that also comes with teacher’s guides
+style.[^Siyavula-4] It's a complete curriculum that also comes with teacher's guides
and other resources.
Through this experience, Siyavula learned they could get sponsors to
visible on books distributed to over one million students.
The Siyavula books that are reviewed, approved, and branded by the
-government are freely and openly available on Siyavula’s website under
-an Attribution-NoDerivs license (CC BY-ND) —NoDerivs means that these
+government are freely and openly available on Siyavula's website under
+an Attribution-NoDerivs license (CC BY-ND) ---NoDerivs means that these
books cannot be modified. Non-government-branded books are available
under an Attribution license (CC BY), allowing others to modify and
redistribute the books.
textbooks even more, the South African government changed its textbook
policy. To save costs, the government declared there would be only one
authorized textbook for each grade and each subject. There was no
-guarantee that Siyavula’s would be chosen. This scared away potential
+guarantee that Siyavula's would be chosen. This scared away potential
sponsors.
Rather than producing more textbooks, Siyavula focused on improving its
Intelligent Practice technology for its existing books. Mark calls this
-version three of Siyavula’s business model—focusing on the technology
+version three of Siyavula's business model---focusing on the technology
that provides the revenue-generating service and generating more users
of this service. Version three got a significant boost in 2014 with an
investment by the Omidyar Network (the philanthropic venture started by
Practice collects.
Siyavula is a for-profit business but one with a social mission. Their
-shareholders’ agreement lists lots of requirements around openness for
+shareholders' agreement lists lots of requirements around openness for
Siyavula, including stipulations that content always be put under an
-open license and that they can’t charge for something that people
+open license and that they can't charge for something that people
volunteered to do for them. They believe each individual should have
access to the resources and support they need to achieve the education
they deserve. Having educational resources openly licensed with Creative
came across their LilyPad wearable technology being made by someone
else. His reaction was glee.
-“Being copied is the greatest earmark of flattery and success,” Nathan
-said. “I thought it was so cool that they were selling to a market we
+"Being copied is the greatest earmark of flattery and success," Nathan
+said. "I thought it was so cool that they were selling to a market we
were never going to get access to otherwise. It was evidence of our
-impact on the world.”
+impact on the world."
This worldview runs through everything SparkFun does. SparkFun is an
electronics manufacturer. The company sells its products directly to the
can make their products on their own. Being copied is part of the
design.
-Nathan believes open licensing is good for the world. “It touches on our
-natural human instinct to share,” he said. But he also strongly believes
+Nathan believes open licensing is good for the world. "It touches on our
+natural human instinct to share," he said. But he also strongly believes
it makes SparkFun better at what they do. They encourage copying, and
their products are copied at a very fast rate, often within ten to
twelve weeks of release. This forces the company to compete on something
other than product design, or what most commonly consider their
intellectual property.
-“We compete on business principles,” Nathan said. “Claiming your
+"We compete on business principles," Nathan said. "Claiming your
territory with intellectual property allows you to get comfy and rest on
-your laurels. It gives you a safety net. We took away that safety net.”
+your laurels. It gives you a safety net. We took away that safety net."
The result is an intense company-wide focus on product development and
-improvement. “Our products are so much better than they were five years
-ago,” Nathan said. “We used to just sell products. Now it’s a product
+improvement. "Our products are so much better than they were five years
+ago," Nathan said. "We used to just sell products. Now it's a product
plus a video, a seventeen-page hookup guide, and example firmware on
three different platforms to get you up and running faster. We have
gotten better because we had to in order to compete. As painful as it is
-for us, it’s better for the customers.”
+for us, it's better for the customers."
SparkFun parts are available on eBay for lower prices. But people come
directly to SparkFun because SparkFun makes their lives easier. The
example code works; there is a service number to call; they ship
replacement parts the day they get a service call. They invest heavily
-in service and support. “I don’t believe businesses should be competing
-with IP \[intellectual property\] barriers,” Nathan said. “This is the
-stuff they should be competing on.”
+in service and support. "I don't believe businesses should be competing
+with IP \[intellectual property\] barriers," Nathan said. "This is the
+stuff they should be competing on."
-SparkFun’s company history began in Nathan’s college dorm room. He spent
+SparkFun's company history began in Nathan's college dorm room. He spent
a lot of time experimenting with and building electronics, and he
-realized there was a void in the market. “If you wanted to place an
-order for something,” he said, “you first had to search far and wide to
-find it, and then you had to call or fax someone.” In 2003, during his
+realized there was a void in the market. "If you wanted to place an
+order for something," he said, "you first had to search far and wide to
+find it, and then you had to call or fax someone." In 2003, during his
third year of college, he registered [](http://sparkfun.com) and started reselling
products out of his bedroom. After he graduated, he started making and
selling his own products.
Once he started designing his own products, he began putting the
software and schematics online to help with technical support. After
doing some research on licensing options, he chose Creative Commons
-licenses because he was drawn to the “human-readable deeds” that explain
+licenses because he was drawn to the "human-readable deeds" that explain
the licensing terms in simple terms. SparkFun still uses CC licenses for
all of the schematics and firmware for the products they create.
The company has grown from a solo project to a corporation with 140
employees. In 2015, SparkFun earned \$33 million in revenue. Selling
components and widgets to hobbyists, professionals, and artists remains
-a major part of SparkFun’s business. They sell their own products, but
+a major part of SparkFun's business. They sell their own products, but
they also partner with Arduino (also profiled in this book) by
-manufacturing boards for resale using Arduino’s brand.
+manufacturing boards for resale using Arduino's brand.
SparkFun also has an educational department dedicated to creating a
hands-on curriculum to teach students about electronics using
more recent focus on introducing young people to technology is a natural
extension of their core business.
-“We have the burden and opportunity to educate the next generation of
-technical citizens,” Nathan said. “Our goal is to affect the lives of
-three hundred and fifty thousand high school students by 2020.”
+"We have the burden and opportunity to educate the next generation of
+technical citizens," Nathan said. "Our goal is to affect the lives of
+three hundred and fifty thousand high school students by 2020."
-The Creative Commons license underlying all of SparkFun’s products is
+The Creative Commons license underlying all of SparkFun's products is
central to this mission. The license not only signals a willingness to
share, but it also expresses a desire for others to get in and tinker
with their products, both to learn and to make their products better.
SparkFun uses the Attribution-ShareAlike license (CC BY-SA), which is a
-“copyleft” license that allows people to do anything with the content as
+"copyleft" license that allows people to do anything with the content as
long as they provide credit and make any adaptations available under the
same licensing terms.
thousand to two thousand customers and other technology enthusiasts from
around the area to race their own self-created bots against each other,
participate in training workshops, and socialize. From a business
-perspective, Nathan says it’s a terrible idea. But they don’t hold the
-event for business reasons. “The reason we do it is because I get to
+perspective, Nathan says it's a terrible idea. But they don't hold the
+event for business reasons. "The reason we do it is because I get to
travel and have interactions with our customers all the time, but most
-of our employees don’t,” he said. “This event gives our employees the
-opportunity to get face-to-face contact with our customers.” The event
+of our employees don't," he said. "This event gives our employees the
+opportunity to get face-to-face contact with our customers." The event
infuses their work with a human element, which makes it more meaningful.
Nathan has worked hard to imbue a deeper meaning into the work SparkFun
does. The company is, of course, focused on being fiscally responsible,
-but they are ultimately driven by something other than money. “Profit is
-not the goal; it is the outcome of a well-executed plan,” Nathan said.
-“We focus on having a bigger impact on the world.” Nathan believes they
-get some of the brightest and most amazing employees because they aren’t
+but they are ultimately driven by something other than money. "Profit is
+not the goal; it is the outcome of a well-executed plan," Nathan said.
+"We focus on having a bigger impact on the world." Nathan believes they
+get some of the brightest and most amazing employees because they aren't
singularly focused on the bottom line.
The company is committed to transparency and shares all of its
financials with its employees. They also generally strive to avoid being
another soulless corporation. They actively try to reveal the humans
behind the company, and they work to ensure people coming to their site
-don’t find only unchanging content.
+don't find only unchanging content.
-SparkFun’s customer base is largely made up of industrious electronics
+SparkFun's customer base is largely made up of industrious electronics
enthusiasts. They have customers who are regularly involved in the
-company’s customer support, independently responding to questions in
+company's customer support, independently responding to questions in
forums and product-comment sections. Customers also bring product ideas
to the company. SparkFun regularly sifts through suggestions from
-customers and tries to build on them where they can. “From the
-beginning, we have been listening to the community,” Nathan said.
-“Customers would identify a pain point, and we would design something to
-address it.”
+customers and tries to build on them where they can. "From the
+beginning, we have been listening to the community," Nathan said.
+"Customers would identify a pain point, and we would design something to
+address it."
However, this sort of customer engagement does not always translate to
-people actively contributing to SparkFun’s projects. The company has a
+people actively contributing to SparkFun's projects. The company has a
public repository of software code for each of its devices online. On a
particularly active project, there will only be about two dozen people
contributing significant improvements. The vast majority of projects are
-relatively untouched by the public. “There is a theory that if you
-open-source it, they will come,” Nathan said. “That’s not really true.”
+relatively untouched by the public. "There is a theory that if you
+open-source it, they will come," Nathan said. "That's not really true."
Rather than focusing on cocreation with their customers, SparkFun
instead focuses on enabling people to copy, tinker, and improve products
on their own. They heavily invest in tutorials and other material
designed to help people understand how the products work so they can fix
-and improve things independently. “What gives me joy is when people take
+and improve things independently. "What gives me joy is when people take
open-source layouts and then build their own circuit boards from our
-designs,” Nathan said.
+designs," Nathan said.
Obviously, opening up the design of their products is a necessary step
if their goal is to empower the public. Nathan also firmly believes it
In late 2005, Piya and her team used research-based design to create new
educational materials and worked with local partners in India to help
distribute them. As soon as the animated software was posted online,
-Piya’s team started receiving requests from individuals and governments
-who were interested in bringing this model to more countries. “We
+Piya's team started receiving requests from individuals and governments
+who were interested in bringing this model to more countries. "We
realized fairly quickly that educating large populations about a topic
that was considered taboo would be challenging. We began by identifying
optimal local partners and worked toward creating an effective,
-culturally appropriate education,” Piya said.
+culturally appropriate education," Piya said.
-Very shortly after the initial release, Piya’s team decided to spin the
+Very shortly after the initial release, Piya's team decided to spin the
endeavor into an independent nonprofit out of Stanford University. They
also decided to use Creative Commons licenses on the materials.
to preserve the integrity of the medical information in the content.
They chose the Attribution-NonCommercial-NoDerivs license (CC BY-NC-ND),
which essentially gives the public the right to distribute only verbatim
-copies of the content, and for noncommercial purposes. “We wanted
-attribution for TeachAIDS, and we couldn’t stand by derivatives without
-vetting them,” the cofounder and chair Shuman Ghosemajumder said. “It
+copies of the content, and for noncommercial purposes. "We wanted
+attribution for TeachAIDS, and we couldn't stand by derivatives without
+vetting them," the cofounder and chair Shuman Ghosemajumder said. "It
was almost a no-brainer to go with a CC license because it was a
plug-and-play solution to this exact problem. It has allowed us to scale
our materials safely and quickly worldwide while preserving our content
-and protecting us at the same time.”
+and protecting us at the same time."
Choosing a license that does not allow adaptation of the content was an
outgrowth of the careful precision with which TeachAIDS crafts their
content. The organization invests heavily in research and testing to
-determine the best method of conveying the information. “Creating
-high-quality content is what matters most to us,” Piya said. “Research
-drives everything we do.”
+determine the best method of conveying the information. "Creating
+high-quality content is what matters most to us," Piya said. "Research
+drives everything we do."
One important finding was that people accept the message best when it
comes from familiar voices they trust and admire. To achieve this,
undertaken entirely by people who are specifically brought on to help
with a particular project, rather than ongoing staff. The final product
they create is designed to require zero training for people to implement
-in practice. “In our research, we found we can’t depend on people
+in practice. "In our research, we found we can't depend on people
passing on the information correctly, even if they have the best of
-intentions,” Piya said. “We need materials where you can push play and
-they will work.”
+intentions," Piya said. "We need materials where you can push play and
+they will work."
-Piya’s team was able to produce all of these versions over several years
+Piya's team was able to produce all of these versions over several years
with a head count that never exceeded eight full-time employees. The
organization is able to reduce costs by relying heavily on volunteers
and in-kind donations. Nevertheless, the nonprofit needed a sustainable
revenue model to subsidize content creation and physical distribution of
the materials. Charging even a low price was simply not an option.
-“Educators from various nonprofits around the world were just creating
-their own materials using whatever they could find for free online,”
-Shuman said. “The only way to persuade them to use our highly effective
-model was to make it completely free.”
+"Educators from various nonprofits around the world were just creating
+their own materials using whatever they could find for free online,"
+Shuman said. "The only way to persuade them to use our highly effective
+model was to make it completely free."
Like many content creators offering their work for free, they settled on
advertising as a funding model. But they were extremely careful not to
specific project. Instead, sponsorships are structured as unrestricted
donations to the nonprofit. This gives the nonprofit more stability, but
even more importantly, it enables them to subsidize projects being
-localized for an area with no sponsors. “If we just created versions
+localized for an area with no sponsors. "If we just created versions
based on where we could get sponsorships, we would only have materials
-for wealthier countries,” Shuman said.
+for wealthier countries," Shuman said.
-As of 2016, TeachAIDS has dozens of sponsors. “When we go into a new
-country, various companies hear about us and reach out to us,” Piya
-said. “We don’t have to do much to find or attract them.” They believe
+As of 2016, TeachAIDS has dozens of sponsors. "When we go into a new
+country, various companies hear about us and reach out to us," Piya
+said. "We don't have to do much to find or attract them." They believe
the sponsorships are easy to sell because they offer so much value to
sponsors. TeachAIDS sponsorships give corporations the chance to reach
new eyeballs with their brand, but at a much lower cost than other
Importantly, the value to corporate sponsors goes beyond commercial
considerations. As a nonprofit with a clearly articulated social
-mission, corporate sponsorships are donations to a cause. “This is
-something companies can be proud of internally,” Shuman said. Some
+mission, corporate sponsorships are donations to a cause. "This is
+something companies can be proud of internally," Shuman said. Some
companies have even built publicity campaigns around the fact that they
have sponsored these initiatives.
-The core mission of TeachAIDS—ensuring global access to life-saving
-education—is at the root of everything the organization does. It
+The core mission of TeachAIDS---ensuring global access to life-saving
+education---is at the root of everything the organization does. It
underpins the work; it motivates the funders. The CC license on the
materials they create furthers that mission, allowing them to safely and
-quickly scale their materials worldwide. “The Creative Commons license
-has been a game changer for TeachAIDS,” Piya said.
+quickly scale their materials worldwide. "The Creative Commons license
+has been a game changer for TeachAIDS," Piya said.
## Tribe of Noise
>
They hired two lawyers to investigate further, and while they uncovered
five or six examples, Hessel found the business models lacking. The
lawyers expressed interest in being their legal team should they decide
-to pursue this as an entrepreneurial opportunity. Hessel says, “When
+to pursue this as an entrepreneurial opportunity. Hessel says, "When
lawyers are interested in a venture like this, you might have something
-special.” So after some more research, in early 2008, Hessel and Sandra
+special." So after some more research, in early 2008, Hessel and Sandra
decided to build a platform.
Building a platform posed a real chicken-and-egg problem. The platform
repertoire. Hessel and his legal team reached out to collecting
societies, starting with those in the Netherlands. What would be the
best legal way forward that would respect the wishes of composers and
-musicians who’d be interested in trying out new models like the In-store
+musicians who'd be interested in trying out new models like the In-store
Music Service? Collecting societies at first were hesitant and said no,
but Tribe of Noise persisted arguing that they primarily work with
unknown artists and provide them exposure in parts of the world where
-they don’t get airtime normally and a source of revenue—and this
-convinced them that it was OK. However, Hessel says, “We are still
-fighting for a good cause every single day.”
+they don't get airtime normally and a source of revenue---and this
+convinced them that it was OK. However, Hessel says, "We are still
+fighting for a good cause every single day."
Instead of building a large sales force, Tribe of Noise partnered with
big organizations who have lots of clients and can act as a kind of
Tribe of Noise reseller. The largest telecom network in the Netherlands,
-for example, sells Tribe’s In-store Music Service subscriptions to their
+for example, sells Tribe's In-store Music Service subscriptions to their
business clients, which include fashion retailers and fitness centers.
They have a similar deal with the leading trade association representing
-hotels and restaurants in the country. Hessel hopes to “copy and paste”
+hotels and restaurants in the country. Hessel hopes to "copy and paste"
this service into other countries where collecting societies understand
what you can do with Creative Commons. Outside of the Netherlands, early
adoptions have happened in Scandinavia, Belgium, and the U.S.
-Tribe of Noise doesn’t pay the musicians up front; they get paid when
-their music ends up in Tribe of Noise’s in-store music channels. The
-musicians’ share is 42.5 percent. It’s not uncommon in a traditional
+Tribe of Noise doesn't pay the musicians up front; they get paid when
+their music ends up in Tribe of Noise's in-store music channels. The
+musicians' share is 42.5 percent. It's not uncommon in a traditional
model for the artist to get only 5 to 10 percent, so a share of over 40
-percent is a significantly better deal. Here’s how they give an example
+percent is a significantly better deal. Here's how they give an example
on their website:
A few of your songs \[licensed with CC BY-SA\], for example five in
total, are selected for a bespoke in-store music channel broadcasting at
a large retailer with 1,000 stores nationwide. In this case the overall
-playlist contains 350 songs so the musician’s share is 5/350 = 1.43%.
+playlist contains 350 songs so the musician's share is 5/350 = 1.43%.
The license fee agreed with this retailer is US\$12 per month per
play-out. So if 42.5% is shared with the Tribe musicians in this
playlist and your share is 1.43%, you end up with US\$12 \* 1000 stores
that happened the CC BY-SA license would preclude them getting rich off
the sale of that song.
-Hessel’s legal team took this feedback and created a second model and
+Hessel's legal team took this feedback and created a second model and
separate area of the platform called Tribe of Noise Pro. Songs uploaded
-to Tribe of Noise Pro aren’t Creative Commons licensed; Tribe of Noise
-has instead created a “nonexclusive exploitation” contract, similar to a
+to Tribe of Noise Pro aren't Creative Commons licensed; Tribe of Noise
+has instead created a "nonexclusive exploitation" contract, similar to a
Creative Commons license but allowing musicians to opt out whenever they
want. When you opt out, Tribe of Noise agrees to take your music off the
Tribe of Noise platform within one to two months. This lets the musician
reuse their song for a better deal.
Tribe of Noise Pro is primarily geared toward media makers who are
-looking for music. If they buy a license from this catalog, they don’t
+looking for music. If they buy a license from this catalog, they don't
have to state the name of the creator; they just license the song for a
specific amount. This is a big plus for media makers. And musicians can
pull their repertoire at any time. Hessel sees this as a more direct and
clean deal.
Lots of Tribe of Noise musicians upload songs to both Tribe of Noise Pro
-and the community area of Tribe of Noises. There aren’t that many
+and the community area of Tribe of Noises. There aren't that many
artists who upload only to Tribe of Noise Pro, which has a smaller
repertoire of music than the community area.
BY-SA and opting in others with collecting societies like
ASCAP or BMI.
-It’s not uncommon for performance-rights organizations, record labels,
+It's not uncommon for performance-rights organizations, record labels,
or music publishers to sign contracts with musicians based on
exclusivity. Such an arrangement prevents those musicians from uploading
their music to Tribe of Noise. In the United States, you can have a
represent. So far, Tribe of Noise has been able to make all this work
without litigation.
-For Hessel the key to Tribe of Noise’s success is trust. The fact that
+For Hessel the key to Tribe of Noise's success is trust. The fact that
Creative Commons licenses work the same way all over the world and have
been translated into all languages really helps build that trust. Tribe
of Noise believes in creating a model where they work together with
musicians. They can only do that if they have a live and kicking
community, with people who think that the Tribe of Noise team has their
best interests in mind. Creative Commons makes it possible to create a
-new business model for music, a model that’s based on trust.
+new business model for music, a model that's based on trust.
### Web links
people to reuse and adapt it for any purpose.
As of December 2016, there were more than forty-two million articles in
-the 295 language editions of the online encyclopedia, according to—what
-else?—the Wikipedia article about Wikipedia.
+the 295 language editions of the online encyclopedia, according
+to---what else?---the Wikipedia article about Wikipedia.
The Wikimedia Foundation is a U.S.-based nonprofit organization that
owns the Wikipedia domain name and hosts the site, along with many other
national), groups focused on a particular theme, user groups, and many
thousands who are not connected to a particular organization.
-As Wikimedia legal counsel Stephen LaPorte told us, “There is a common
-saying that Wikipedia works in practice but not in theory.” While it
+As Wikimedia legal counsel Stephen LaPorte told us, "There is a common
+saying that Wikipedia works in practice but not in theory." While it
undoubtedly has its challenges and flaws, Wikipedia and its sister
projects are a striking testament to the power of human collaboration.
Because of its extraordinary breadth and scope, it does feel a bit like
a unicorn. Indeed, there is nothing else like Wikipedia. Still, much of
-what makes the projects successful—community, transparency, a strong
-mission, trust—are consistent with what it takes to be successfully Made
-with Creative Commons more generally. With Wikipedia, everything just
-happens at an unprecedented scale.
+what makes the projects successful---community, transparency, a strong
+mission, trust---are consistent with what it takes to be successfully
+Made with Creative Commons more generally. With Wikipedia, everything
+just happens at an unprecedented scale.
The story of Wikipedia has been told many times. For our purposes, it is
enough to know the experiment started in 2001 at a small scale, inspired
Wikipedia, and nearly fifteen thousand edits are made every hour.
The nature of the content the community creates is ideal for
-asynchronous cocreation. “An encyclopedia is something where incremental
-community improvement really works,” Luis Villa, former Chief Officer of
+asynchronous cocreation. "An encyclopedia is something where incremental
+community improvement really works," Luis Villa, former Chief Officer of
Community Engagement, told us. The rules and processes that govern
cocreation on Wikipedia and its sister projects are all community-driven
and vary by language edition. There are entire books written on the
account on their system. The extensive peer-review process includes
elaborate systems to resolve disputes, methods for managing particularly
controversial subject areas, talk pages explaining decisions, and much,
-much more. The Wikimedia Foundation’s decision to leave governance of
-the projects to the community is very deliberate. “We look at the things
+much more. The Wikimedia Foundation's decision to leave governance of
+the projects to the community is very deliberate. "We look at the things
that the community can do well, and we want to let them do those
-things,” Stephen told us. Instead, the foundation focuses its time and
+things," Stephen told us. Instead, the foundation focuses its time and
resources on what the community cannot do as effectively, like the
software engineering that supports the technical infrastructure of the
-sites. In 2015-16, about half of the foundation’s budget went to direct
+sites. In 2015-16, about half of the foundation's budget went to direct
support for the Wikimedia sites.
Some of that is directed at servers and general IT support, but the
foundation also invests a significant amount on architecture designed to
-help the site function as effectively as possible. “There is a
+help the site function as effectively as possible. "There is a
constantly evolving system to keep the balance in place to avoid
-Wikipedia becoming the world’s biggest graffiti wall,” Luis said.
+Wikipedia becoming the world's biggest graffiti wall," Luis said.
Depending on how you measure it, somewhere between 90 to 98 percent of
edits to Wikipedia are positive. Some portion of that success is
attributable to the tools Wikimedia has in place to try to incentivize
-good actors. “The secret to having any healthy community is bringing
-back the right people,” Luis said. “Vandals tend to get bored and go
+good actors. "The secret to having any healthy community is bringing
+back the right people," Luis said. "Vandals tend to get bored and go
away. That is partially our model working, and partially just human
-nature.” Most of the time, people want to do the right thing.
+nature." Most of the time, people want to do the right thing.
Wikipedia not only relies on good behavior within its community and on
its sites, but also by everyone else once the content leaves Wikipedia.
for any purpose and modified so long as credit is given and anything new
is shared back with the public under the same license. In theory, that
means anyone can copy the content and start a new Wikipedia. But as
-Stephen explained, “Being open has only made Wikipedia bigger and
+Stephen explained, "Being open has only made Wikipedia bigger and
stronger. The desire to protect is not always what is best for
-everyone.”
+everyone."
Of course, the primary reason no one has successfully co-opted Wikipedia
is that copycat efforts do not have the Wikipedia community to sustain
what they do. Wikipedia is not simply a source of up-to-the-minute
-content on every given topic—it is also a global patchwork of humans
+content on every given topic---it is also a global patchwork of humans
working together in a million different ways, in a million different
capacities, for a million different reasons. While many have tried to
guess what makes Wikipedia work as well it does, the fact is there is no
-single explanation. “In a movement as large as ours, there is an
-incredible diversity of motivations,” Stephen said. For example, there
+single explanation. "In a movement as large as ours, there is an
+incredible diversity of motivations," Stephen said. For example, there
is one editor of the English Wikipedia edition who has corrected a
single grammatical error in articles more than forty-eight thousand
times.[^Wikimedia-Foundation-1] Only a fraction of Wikipedia users are also editors. But editing
-is not the only way to contribute to Wikipedia. “Some donate text, some
-donate images, some donate financially,” Stephen told us. “They are all
-contributors.”
+is not the only way to contribute to Wikipedia. "Some donate text, some
+donate images, some donate financially," Stephen told us. "They are all
+contributors."
But the vast majority of us who use Wikipedia are not contributors; we
are passive readers. The Wikimedia Foundation survives primarily on
Any given edit on Wikipedia could be motivated by nearly an infinite
number of reasons. But the social mission of the project is what binds
-the global community together. “Wikipedia is an example of how a mission
-can motivate an entire movement,” Stephen told us.
+the global community together. "Wikipedia is an example of how a mission
+can motivate an entire movement," Stephen told us.
-Of course, what results from that movement is one of the Internet’s
-great public resources. “The Internet has a lot of businesses and
+Of course, what results from that movement is one of the Internet's
+great public resources. "The Internet has a lot of businesses and
stores, but it is missing the digital equivalent of parks and open
-public spaces,” Stephen said. “Wikipedia has found a way to be that open
-public space.”
+public spaces," Stephen said. "Wikipedia has found a way to be that open
+public space."
### Web link
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+Anderson, Chris. Free: How Today's Smartest Businesses Profit by Giving
Something for Nothing, reprint with new preface. New York: Hyperion,
2010.
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+---------. Makers: The New Industrial Revolution. New York: Signal,
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Ariely, Dan. Predictably Irrational: The Hidden Forces That Shape Our
Decisions. Rev. ed. New York: Harper Perennial, 2010.
-Bacon, Jono. The Art of Community. 2nd ed. Sebastopol, CA: O’Reilly
+Bacon, Jono. The Art of Community. 2nd ed. Sebastopol, CA: O'Reilly
Media, 2012.
Benkler, Yochai. The Wealth of Networks: How Social Production
Collaborative, 2016.
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-———. Think Like a Commoner: A Short Introduction to the Life of the
-Commons. Gabriola Island, BC: New Society, 2014.
+---------. Think Like a Commoner: A Short Introduction to the Life of
+the Commons. Gabriola Island, BC: New Society, 2014.
Bollier, David, and Pat Conaty. Democratic Money and Capital for the
Commons: Strategies for Transforming Neoliberal Finance through
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World Beyond Market and State. Amherst, MA: Levellers Press, 2012.
-Botsman, Rachel, and Roo Rogers. What’s Mine Is Yours: The Rise of
+Botsman, Rachel, and Roo Rogers. What's Mine Is Yours: The Rise of
Collaborative Consumption. New York: Harper Business, 2010.
Boyle, James. The Public Domain: Enclosing the Commons of the Mind. New
Chesbrough, Henry. Open Business Models: How to Thrive in the New
Innovation Landscape. Boston: Harvard Business School Press, 2006.
-———. Open Innovation: The New Imperative for Creating and Profiting from
-Technology. Boston: Harvard Business Review Press, 2006.
+---------. Open Innovation: The New Imperative for Creating and
+Profiting from Technology. Boston: Harvard Business Review Press, 2006.
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-Natural Commons for the Knowledge Commons.” Chap. 2 in Frischmann,
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+Doctorow, Cory. Information Doesn't Want to Be Free: Laws for the
+Internet Age. San Francisco: McSweeney's, 2014.
-Eckhardt, Giana, and Fleura Bardhi. “The Sharing Economy Isn’t about
-Sharing at All.” Harvard Business Review, January 28, 2015.
+Eckhardt, Giana, and Fleura Bardhi. "The Sharing Economy Isn't about
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[](http://hbr.org/2015/01/the-sharing-economy-isnt-about-sharing-at-all).
Elliott, Patricia W., and Daryl H. Hepting, eds. (2015). Free Knowledge:
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Hoover. New York: Portfolio, 2014.
-Farley, Joshua, and Ida Kubiszewski. “The Economics of Information in a
-Post-Carbon Economy.” Chap. 11 in Elliott and Hepting, Free Knowledge.
+Farley, Joshua, and Ida Kubiszewski. "The Economics of Information in a
+Post-Carbon Economy." Chap. 11 in Elliott and Hepting, Free Knowledge.
-Foster, William Landes, Peter Kim, and Barbara Christiansen. “Ten
-Nonprofit Funding Models.” Stanford Social Innovation Review, Spring
+Foster, William Landes, Peter Kim, and Barbara Christiansen. "Ten
+Nonprofit Funding Models." Stanford Social Innovation Review, Spring
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Frischmann, Brett M. Infrastructure: The Social Value of Shared
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Frischmann, Brett M., Michael J. Madison, and Katherine J. Strandburg.
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Strandburg, Governing Knowledge Commons.
Gansky, Lisa. The Mesh: Why the Future of Business Is Sharing. Reprint
Hyde, Lewis. Common as Air: Revolution, Art, and Ownership. New York:
Farrar, Straus and Giroux, 2010.
-———. The Gift: Creativity and the Artist in the Modern World. 2nd
+---------. The Gift: Creativity and the Artist in the Modern World. 2nd
Vintage Books edition. New York: Vintage Books, 2007.
Kelley, Tom, and David Kelley. Creative Confidence: Unleashing the
Kleon, Austin. Show Your Work: 10 Ways to Share Your Creativity and Get
Discovered. New York: Workman, 2014.
-———. Steal Like an Artist: 10 Things Nobody Told You about Being
+---------. Steal Like an Artist: 10 Things Nobody Told You about Being
Creative. New York: Workman, 2012.
Kramer, Bryan. Shareology: How Sharing Is Powering the Human Economy.
New York: Morgan James, 2016.
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+Lee, David. "Inside Medium: An Attempt to Bring Civility to the
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Raymond, Eric S. The Cathedral and the Bazaar: Musings on Linux and Open
-Source by an Accidental Revolutionary. Rev. ed. Sebastopol, CA: O’Reilly
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+Ries, Eric. The Lean Startup: How Today's Entrepreneurs Use Continuous
Innovation to Create Radically Successful Businesses. New York: Crown
Business, 2011.
Rushkoff, Douglas. Throwing Rocks at the Google Bus: How Growth Became
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-Sandel, Michael J. What Money Can’t Buy: The Moral Limits of Markets.
+Sandel, Michael J. What Money Can't Buy: The Moral Limits of Markets.
New York: Farrar, Straus and Giroux, 2012.
Shirky, Clay. Cognitive Surplus: How Technology Makes Consumers into
Collaborators. London, England: Penguin Books, 2010.
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Stephany, Alex. The Business of Sharing: Making in the New Sharing
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Jérôme Mizeret, Jessica Dickinson Goodman, Jessy Kate Schingler, Jim
-O’Flaherty, Jim Pellegrini, Jiří Marek, Jo Allum, Joachim von Goetz,
+O'Flaherty, Jim Pellegrini, Jiří Marek, Jo Allum, Joachim von Goetz,
Johan Adda, John Benfield, John Bevan, Jonas Öberg, Jonathan Lin, JP
Rangaswami, Juan Carlos Belair, Justin Christian, Justin Szlasa, Kate
Chapman, Kate Stewart, Kellie Higginbottom, Kendra Byrne, Kevin Coates,
Procter, Adam Quirk, Adam Rory Porter, Adam Simmons, Adam Tinworth, Adam
Zimmerman, Adrian Ho, Adrian Smith, Adriane Ruzak, Adriano Loconte, Al
Sweigart, Alain Imbaud, Alan Graham, Alan M. Ford, Alan Swithenbank,
-Alan Vonlanthen, Albert O’Connor, Alec Foster, Alejandro Suarez Cebrian,
+Alan Vonlanthen, Albert O'Connor, Alec Foster, Alejandro Suarez Cebrian,
Aleks Degtyarev, Alex Blood, Alex C. Ion, Alex Ross Shaw, Alexander
Bartl, Alexander Brown, Alexander Brunner, Alexander Eliesen, Alexander
Hawson, Alexander Klar, Alexander Neumann, Alexander Plaum, Alexander
Wallevik, BK Bitner, Bo Ilsøe Hansen, Bo Sprotte Kofod, Bob Doran, Bob
Recny, Bob Stuart, Bonnie Chiu, Boris Mindzak, Boriss Lariushin, Borjan
Tchakaloff, Brad Kik, Braden Hassett, Bradford Benn, Bradley Keyes,
-Bradley L’Herrou, Brady Forrest, Brandon McGaha, Branka Tokic, Brant
-Anderson, Brenda Sullivan, Brendan O’Brien, Brendan Schlagel, Brett
+Bradley L'Herrou, Brady Forrest, Brandon McGaha, Branka Tokic, Brant
+Anderson, Brenda Sullivan, Brendan O'Brien, Brendan Schlagel, Brett
Abbott, Brett Gaylor, Brian Dysart, Brian Lampl, Brian Lipscomb, Brian
S. Weis, Brian Schrader, Brian Walsh, Brian Walsh, Brooke Dukes, Brooke
Schreier Ganz, Bruce Lerner, Bruce Wilson, Bruno Boutot, Bruno Girin,
Mailloux, Carolyn Hinchliff, Carolyn Rude, Carrie Cousins, Carrie
Watkins, Casey Hunt, Casey Milford, Casey Powell Shorthouse, Cat Cooper,
Cecilie Maria, Cedric Howe, Cefn Hoile,
-@ShrimpingIt, Celia Muller, Ces Keller, Chad Anderson, Charles Butler,
+\@ShrimpingIt, Celia Muller, Ces Keller, Chad Anderson, Charles Butler,
Charles Carstensen, Charles Chi Thoi Le, Charles Kobbe, Charles S.
Tritt, Charles Stanhope, Charlotte Ong-Wisener, Chealsye Bowley, Chelle
Destefano, Chenpang Chou, Cheryl Corte, Cheryl Todd, Chip Dickerson,
Swenson, Christos Keramitsis, Chuck Roslof, Chutika Udomsinn, Claire
Wardle, Clare Forrest, Claudia Cristiani, Claudio Gallo, Claudio Ruiz,
Clayton Dewey, Clement Delort, Cliff Church, Clint Lalonde, Clint
-O’Connor, Cody Allard, Cody Taylor, Colin Ayer, Colin Campbell, Colin
+O'Connor, Cody Allard, Cody Taylor, Colin Ayer, Colin Campbell, Colin
Dean, Colin Mutchler, Colleen Cressman, Comfy Nomad, Connie Roberts,
Connor Bär, Connor Merkley, Constantin Graf, Corbett Messa, Cory
Chapman, Cosmic Wombat Games, Craig Engler, Craig Heath, Craig Maloney,
Dongpo Deng, Donnovan Knight, Door de Flines, Doug Fitzpatrick, Doug
Hoover, Douglas Craver, Douglas Van Camp, Douglas Van Houweling, Dr.
Braddlee, Drew Spencer, Duncan
-Sample, Durand D’souza, Dylan Field, E C Humphries, Eamon Caddigan,
+Sample, Durand D'souza, Dylan Field, E C Humphries, Eamon Caddigan,
Earleen Smith, Eden Sarid, Eden Spodek, Eduardo Belinchon, Eduardo
Castro, Edwin Vandam, Einar Joergensen, Ejnar Brendsdal, Elad Wieder,
Elar Haljas, Elena Valhalla, Eli Doran, Elias Bouchi, Elie Calhoun,
Jeremy Sabo, Jeremy Zauder, Jerko Grubisic, Jerome Glacken, Jérôme
Mizeret, Jessica Dickinson Goodman, Jessica Litman, Jessica Mackay,
Jessy Kate Schingler, Jesús Longás Gamarra, Jesus Marin, Jim Matt, Jim
-Meloy, Jim O’Flaherty, Jim Pellegrini, Jim Tittsler, Jimmy Alenius, Jiří
+Meloy, Jim O'Flaherty, Jim Pellegrini, Jim Tittsler, Jimmy Alenius, Jiří
Marek, Jo Allum, Joachim Brandon LeBlanc, Joachim Pileborg, Joachim von
Goetz, Joakim Bang Larsen, Joan Rieu, Joanna Penn, João Almeida, Jochen
Muetsch, Jodi Sandfort, Joe Cardillo, Joe Carpita, Joe Moross, Joerg
Keith Berndtson, MD, Keith Luebke, Kellie Higginbottom, Ken Friis
Larsen, Ken Haase, Ken Torbeck, Kendel Ratley, Kendra Byrne, Kerry
Hicks, Kevin Brown, Kevin Coates, Kevin Flynn, Kevin Rumon, Kevin
-Shannon, Kevin Taylor, Kevin Tostado, Kewhyun Kelly-Yuoh, Kiane l’Azin,
+Shannon, Kevin Taylor, Kevin Tostado, Kewhyun Kelly-Yuoh, Kiane l'Azin,
Kianosh Pourian, Kiran Kadekoppa, Kit Walsh, Klaus Mickus, Konrad
Rennert, Kris Kasianovitz, Kristian Lundquist, Kristin Buxton, Kristina
Popova, Kristofer Bratt, Kristoffer Steen, Kumar McMillan, Kurt
Mike Habicher, Mike Maloney, Mike Masnick, Mike McDaniel, Mike
Pouraryan, Mike Sheldon, Mike Stop Continues, Mike Stringer, Mike
Wittenstein, Mikkel Ovesen, Mikołaj Podlaszewski, Millie Gonzalez, Mindi
-Lovell, Mindy Lin, Mirko “Macro” Fichtner, Mitch Featherston, Mitchell
+Lovell, Mindy Lin, Mirko "Macro" Fichtner, Mitch Featherston, Mitchell
Adams, Molika Oum, Molly Shaffer Van Houweling, Monica Mora, Morgan
Loomis, Moritz Schubert, Mrs. Paganini, Mushin Schilling, Mustafa K
Calik, MD, Myk Pilgrim, Myra Harmer, Nadine Forget-Dubois, Nagle
Walker, Pavel Dostál, Peeter Sällström Randsalu, Peggy Frith, Pen-Yuan
Hsing, Penny Pearson, Per Åström, Perry Jetter, Péter Fankhauser, Peter
Hirtle, Peter Humphries, Peter Jenkins, Peter Langmar, Peter le Roux,
-Peter Marinari, Peter Mengelers, Peter O’Brien, Peter Pinch, Peter S.
+Peter Marinari, Peter Mengelers, Peter O'Brien, Peter Pinch, Peter S.
Crosby, Peter Wells, Petr Fristedt, Petr Viktorin, Petronella Jeurissen,
Phil Flickinger, Philip Chung, Philip Pangrac, Philip R. Skaggs Jr.,
Philip Young, Philippa Lorne Channer, Philippe Vandenbroeck, Pierluigi
Randall Kirby, Randy Brians, Raphaël Alexandre, Raphaël Schröder, Rasmus
Jensen, Rayn Drahps, Rayna Stamboliyska, Rebecca Godar, Rebecca Lendl,
Rebecca Weir, Regina Tschud, Remi Dino, Ric Herrero, Rich McCue, Richard
-“TalkToMeGuy” Olson, Richard Best, Richard Blumberg, Richard Fannon,
+"TalkToMeGuy" Olson, Richard Best, Richard Blumberg, Richard Fannon,
Richard Heying, Richard Karnesky, Richard Kelly, Richard Littauer,
Richard Sobey, Richard White, Richard Winchell, Rik ToeWater, Rita
Lewis, Rita Wood, Riyadh Al Balushi, Rob Balder, Rob Berkley, Rob
Occhiogrosso, Udo Blenkhorn, Uri Sivan, Vanja Bobas, Vantharith Oum,
Vaughan jenkins, Veethika Mishra, Vic King, Vickie Goode, Victor DePina,
Victor Grigas, Victoria Klassen, Victorien Elvinger, VIGA Manufacture,
-Vikas Shah, Vinayak S.Kaujalgi, Vincent O’Leary, Violette Paquet,
+Vikas Shah, Vinayak S.Kaujalgi, Vincent O'Leary, Violette Paquet,
Virginia Gentilini, Virginia Kopelman, Vitor Menezes, Vivian Marthell,
Wayne Mackintosh, Wendy Keenan, Werner Wiethege, Wesley Derbyshire,
Widar Hellwig, Willa Köerner, William Bettridge-Radford, William
Yann Heurtaux, Yasmine Hajjar, Yu-Hsian Sun, Yves Deruisseau, Zach
Chandler, Zak Zebrowski, Zane Amiralis and Joshua de Haan, ZeMarmot Open
Movie
-
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"Language-Team: German <https://hosted.weblate.org/projects/madewithcc/"
#. type: Content of: <book><colophon><para>
#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:5
-#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:41
+#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:35
msgid "Made with Creative Commons"
msgstr "Gemacht mit Creative Commons"
msgstr "Pearson"
#. type: Content of: <book><bookinfo><copyright>
-#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:17
+#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:16
msgid "<year>2017</year> <holder>Creative Commons</holder>"
msgstr "<year>2017</year> <holder>Creative Commons</holder>"
#. type: Content of: <book><bookinfo><publisher>
-#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:21
+#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:19
msgid "<publishername>Gunnar Wolf</publishername>"
msgstr ""
#. type: Content of: <book><bookinfo><publisher><address><city>
-#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:23
+#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:20
msgid "Mexico City"
msgstr ""
#. type: Content of: <book><colophon><para>
-#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:28
-#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:56
+#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:22
+#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:60
msgid ""
"This book is published under a CC BY-SA license, which means that you can "
"copy, redistribute, remix, transform, and build upon the content for any "
">"
#. type: Content of: <book><colophon><para>
-#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:42
+#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:37
msgid "by Paul Stacey & Sarah Hinchliff Pearson"
msgstr "von Paul Stacey & Sarah Hichliff Pearson"
#. type: Content of: <book><colophon><para>
-#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:43
+#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:39
#, fuzzy
#| msgid "© 2017, by Creative Commons."
msgid "© 2017 by the Creative Commons Foundation."
msgstr "© 2017 von Creative Commons."
#. type: Content of: <book><colophon><para>
-#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:44
+#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:41
msgid ""
"Published under a Creative Commons Attribution-ShareAlike license (CC BY-"
"SA), version 4.0."
"(CC BY-SA), Version 4.0."
#. type: Content of: <book><colophon><para>
-#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:46
+#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:44
msgid ""
"ISBN: YET-TO-BE-DECIDED (PDF), YET-TO-BE-DECIDED (ePub), YET-TO-BE-DECIDED "
"(Paperback)"
msgstr ""
#. type: Content of: <book><colophon><para>
-#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:48
+#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:47
#, fuzzy
#| msgid ""
#| "Illustrations by Bryan Mathers, <ulink url=\"https://bryanmathers.com/\"/>"
#. space for information about translators
#. type: Content of: <book><colophon><para>
-#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:52
+#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:54
msgid " "
msgstr ""
#. type: Content of: <book><colophon><para>
-#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:54
+#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:57
#, fuzzy
#| msgid ""
#| "Downloadable e-book available at <ulink url=\"https://madewith.cc/\"/>"
"Herunterladbares e-Book erhältlich auf <ulink url=\"https://madewith.cc/\"/>"
#. type: Content of: <book><colophon><para>
-#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:63
+#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:68
msgid ""
"Made With Creative Commons is published with the kind support of Creative "
"Commons and backers of our crowdfunding-campaign on the Kickstarter.com "
"Plattform Kickstarter.com veröffentlicht."
#. type: Content of: <book><colophon><para>
-#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:66
+#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:72
msgid ""
"This edition of the book is maintained on <ulink url=\"https://gitlab.com/"
"gunnarwolf/madewithcc-es/\"/>, and the translations are maintained on <ulink "
msgstr ""
#. type: Content of: <book><colophon><para>
-#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:72
+#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:79
msgid "Classifications:"
msgstr "Klassifizierungen:"
#. type: Content of: <book><colophon><para>
-#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:75
+#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:83
msgid "(Dewey) 346.048, 347.78"
msgstr "(Dewey) 346.048, 347.78"
#. type: Content of: <book><colophon><para>
-#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:78
+#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:87
msgid "(UDK) ?"
msgstr ""
#. type: Content of: <book><colophon><para>
-#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:81
+#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:91
msgid "(US Library of Congress) Z286 O63 S73 2017"
msgstr ""
#. type: Content of: <book><colophon><para>
-#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:84
+#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:95
msgid "(Melvil) 025.523"
msgstr ""
#. type: Content of: <book><colophon><para>
-#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:87
+#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:99
msgid "(ACM CRCS) ?"
msgstr ""
-#. type: Content of: <book><dedication><blockquote><para>
-#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:94
-#, fuzzy
-msgid ""
-"<quote>I don’t know a whole lot about nonfiction journalism. . . The way "
-"that I think about these things, and in terms of what I can do is. . . "
-"essays like this are occasions to watch somebody reasonably bright but also "
-"reasonably average pay far closer attention and think at far more length "
-"about all sorts of different stuff than most of us have a chance to in our "
-"daily lives.</quote>"
-msgstr ""
-"„Ich weiß nicht viel über Sachbuch-Journalismus... Die Weise, mit der ich "
-"über diese Themen denke und insbesondere in Bezug darauf, was ich tun kann, "
-"ist... Essays wie diese sind Anlässe, einer recht aufgeweckten Person mit "
-"aber auch recht durchschnittlichem Gehalt zuzuschauen, wie diese den "
-"verschiedensten Dingen viel mehr Zeit und Aufmerksamkeit widmet, als die "
-"meisten von uns es in unserem Alltag tun könnten.“"
-
-#. type: Content of: <book><dedication><blockquote><para>
-#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:103
+#. type: Content of: <book><colophon><blockquote><para>
+#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:129
msgid "— <emphasis>David Foster Wallace</emphasis>"
msgstr "— <emphasis>David Foster Wallace</emphasis>"
#. type: Content of: <book><preface><title>
-#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:108
+#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:134
msgid "Foreword"
msgstr "Vorwort"
#. type: Content of: <book><preface><para>
-#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:110
+#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:136
#, fuzzy
msgid ""
"Three years ago, just after I was hired as CEO of Creative Commons, I met "
"unter CC eine „falsche Fährte“."
#. type: Content of: <book><preface><para>
-#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:119
+#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:145
#, fuzzy
msgid ""
"He was, in a way, completely correct—those who make things with Creative "
"Gesellschaft und kein Selbstzweck.“"
#. type: Content of: <book><preface><para>
-#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:127
+#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:153
msgid ""
"In the case study about Cory Doctorow, Sarah Hinchliff Pearson cites Cory’s "
"words from his book Information Doesn’t Want to Be Free: <quote>Entering the "
msgstr ""
#. type: Content of: <book><preface><para>
-#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:135
+#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:161
msgid ""
"Today, copyright is like a lottery ticket—everyone has one, and almost "
"nobody wins. What they don’t tell you is that if you choose to share your "
msgstr ""
#. type: Content of: <book><preface><para>
-#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:144
+#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:170
msgid ""
"So it’s not about the money. Also: it is. Finding the means to continue to "
"create and share often requires some amount of income. Max Temkin of Cards "
msgstr ""
#. type: Content of: <book><preface><para>
-#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:151
+#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:177
msgid ""
"Creative Commons’ focus is on building a vibrant, usable commons, powered by "
"collaboration and gratitude. Enabling communities of collaboration is at the "
msgstr ""
#. type: Content of: <book><preface><para>
-#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:160
+#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:186
msgid ""
"Paul dreams of a future where new models of creativity and innovation "
"overpower the inequality and scarcity that today define the worst parts of "
msgstr ""
#. type: Content of: <book><preface><para>
-#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:169
+#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:195
msgid ""
"Sarah is the best kind of lawyer—a true advocate who believes in the good of "
"people, and the power of collective acts to change the world. Over the past "
msgstr ""
#. type: Content of: <book><preface><para>
-#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:181
+#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:207
msgid ""
"As coauthors, Paul and Sarah complement each other perfectly. They "
"researched, analyzed, argued, and worked as a team, sometimes together and "
msgstr ""
#. type: Content of: <book><preface><para>
-#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:192
+#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:218
msgid ""
"From the beginning, CC wanted to develop this project with the principles "
"and values of open collaboration. The book was funded, developed, "
msgstr ""
#. type: Content of: <book><preface><para>
-#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:200
+#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:226
msgid ""
"For 31 days in August of 2015, Sarah took point to organize and execute a "
"Kickstarter campaign to generate the core funding for the book. The "
msgstr ""
#. type: Content of: <book><preface><para>
-#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:209
+#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:235
msgid ""
"Paul and Sarah worked openly throughout the project, publishing the plans, "
"drafts, case studies, and analysis, early and often, and they engaged "
msgstr ""
#. type: Content of: <book><preface><para>
-#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:219
+#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:245
msgid ""
"Those who work and share in the commons are not typical creators. They are "
"part of something greater than themselves, and what they offer us all is a "
msgstr ""
#. type: Content of: <book><preface><para>
-#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:225
+#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:251
msgid ""
"Jonathan Mann, who is profiled in this book, writes a song a day. When I "
"reached out to ask him to write a song for our Kickstarter (and to offer "
msgstr ""
#. type: Content of: <book><preface><para>
-#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:234
+#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:260
msgid ""
"Sarah writes, <quote>Endeavors that are Made with Creative Commons thrive "
"when community is built around what they do. This may mean a community "
msgstr ""
#. type: Content of: <book><preface><para>
-#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:248
+#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:274
msgid ""
"This is not a typical business book. For those looking for a recipe or a "
"roadmap, you might be disappointed. But for those looking to pursue a social "
msgstr ""
#. type: Content of: <book><preface><para>
-#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:258
+#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:284
msgid ""
"In a 1996 Stanford Law Review article <quote>The Zones of Cyberspace</"
"quote>, CC founder Lawrence Lessig wrote, <quote>Cyberspace is a place. "
msgstr ""
#. type: Content of: <book><preface><para>
-#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:268
+#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:294
msgid ""
"I’m incredibly proud that Creative Commons is able to publish this book for "
"the many communities that we have come to know and like. I’m grateful to "
msgstr ""
#. type: Content of: <book><preface><para>
-#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:276
+#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:302
msgid "That’s the true value of things that are Made with Creative Commons."
msgstr ""
#. type: Content of: <book><preface><para>
-#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:279
+#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:305
msgid "<emphasis>Ryan Merkley</emphasis>"
msgstr ""
#. type: Content of: <book><preface><para>
-#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:282
+#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:308
msgid "<emphasis>CEO, Creative Commons</emphasis>"
msgstr ""
#. type: Content of: <book><preface><title>
-#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:286
+#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:312
msgid "Introduction"
msgstr ""
#. type: Content of: <book><preface><para>
-#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:288
+#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:314
msgid ""
"This book shows the world how sharing can be good for business—but with a "
"twist."
msgstr ""
#. type: Content of: <book><preface><para>
-#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:292
+#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:318
msgid ""
"We began the project intending to explore how creators, organizations, and "
"businesses make money to sustain what they do when they share their work "
msgstr ""
#. type: Content of: <book><preface><para>
-#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:304
+#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:330
msgid ""
"Through the generous funding of Kickstarter backers, we set about this "
"project first by identifying and selecting a diverse group of creators, "
msgstr ""
#. type: Content of: <book><preface><para>
-#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:312
+#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:338
msgid ""
"But as we did our research, something interesting happened. Our initial way "
"of framing the work did not match the stories we were hearing."
msgstr ""
#. type: Content of: <book><preface><para>
-#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:317
+#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:343
msgid ""
"Those we interviewed were not typical businesses selling to consumers and "
"seeking to maximize profits and the bottom line. Instead, they were sharing "
msgstr ""
#. type: Content of: <book><preface><para>
-#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:325
+#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:351
msgid ""
"They often didn’t like hearing what they do described as an open business "
"model. Their endeavor was something more than that. Something different. "
msgstr ""
#. type: Content of: <book><preface><para>
-#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:333
+#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:359
msgid ""
"We had to rethink the way we conceived of this project. And it didn’t happen "
"overnight. From the fall of 2015 through 2016, we documented our thoughts in "
msgstr ""
#. type: Content of: <book><preface><para>
-#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:342
+#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:368
msgid ""
"Throughout the process, the two of us have often had very different ways of "
"understanding and describing what we were learning. Learning from each other "
msgstr ""
#. type: Content of: <book><preface><para>
-#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:352
+#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:378
msgid ""
"While we recommend that you read the book from start to finish, each section "
"reads more or less independently. The book is structured into two main parts."
msgstr ""
#. type: Content of: <book><preface><para>
-#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:357
+#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:383
msgid ""
"Part one, the overview, begins with a big-picture framework written by Paul. "
"He provides some historical context for the digital commons, describing the "
msgstr ""
#. type: Content of: <book><preface><para>
-#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:365
+#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:391
msgid ""
"The overview continues with Sarah’s chapter, as she considers what it means "
"to be successfully Made with Creative Commons. While making money is one "
msgstr ""
#. type: Content of: <book><preface><para>
-#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:375
+#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:401
msgid ""
"And to end part one, we have a short section that explains the different "
"Creative Commons licenses. We talk about the misconception that the more "
msgstr ""
#. type: Content of: <book><preface><para>
-#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:382
+#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:408
msgid ""
"Part two of the book is made up of the twenty-four stories of the creators, "
"businesses, and organizations we interviewed. While both of us participated "
msgstr ""
#. type: Content of: <book><preface><para>
-#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:388
+#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:414
msgid ""
"Of course, we are pleased to make the book available using a Creative "
"Commons Attribution-ShareAlike license. Please copy, distribute, translate, "
msgstr ""
#. type: Content of: <book><preface><para>
-#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:393
+#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:419
msgid ""
"Writing this book has transformed and inspired us. The way we now look at "
"and think about what it means to be Made with Creative Commons has "
msgstr ""
#. type: Content of: <book><preface><para>
-#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:400
+#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:426
msgid "<emphasis>Paul and Sarah </emphasis>"
msgstr ""
#. type: Content of: <book><part><title>
-#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:404
+#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:430
msgid "The Big Picture"
msgstr ""
#. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><title>
-#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:406
+#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:432
msgid "The New World of Digital Commons"
msgstr ""
#. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para>
-#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:408
+#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:434
msgid "Paul Stacey"
msgstr ""
#. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para><footnote><para>
-#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:418
+#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:445
msgid ""
"Jonathan Rowe, Our Common Wealth (San Francisco: Berrett-Koehler, 2013), 14."
msgstr ""
#. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para>
-#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:411
+#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:437
msgid ""
"Jonathan Rowe eloquently describes the commons as <quote>the air and oceans, "
"the web of species, wilderness and flowing water—all are parts of the "
msgstr ""
#. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para>
-#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:423
+#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:451
msgid ""
"In Made with Creative Commons, we focus on our current era of digital "
"commons, a commons of human-produced works. This commons cuts across a broad "
msgstr ""
#. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para><footnote><para>
-#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:438
+#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:467
msgid ""
"David Bollier, Think Like a Commoner: A Short Introduction to the Life of "
"the Commons (Gabriola Island, BC: New Society, 2014), 176."
msgstr ""
#. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para><footnote><para>
-#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:446
+#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:477
msgid "Ibid., 15."
msgstr ""
#. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para>
-#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:434
+#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:462
msgid ""
"The commons is not just about shared resources, however. It’s also about the "
"social practices and values that manage them. A resource is a noun, but to "
msgstr ""
#. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><sect1><title>
-#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:453
+#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:485
msgid "The Commons, the Market, and the State"
msgstr ""
#. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><sect1><para><footnote><para>
-#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:459
+#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:492
msgid "Ibid., 145."
msgstr ""
#. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><sect1><para>
-#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:455
+#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:487
msgid ""
"Historically, there have been three ways to manage resources and share "
"wealth: the commons (managed collectively), the state (i.e., the "
msgstr ""
#. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><sect1><para><footnote><para>
-#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:468
+#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:503
msgid "Ibid., 175."
msgstr ""
#. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><sect1><para>
-#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:463
+#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:497
msgid ""
"The organizations and businesses in our case studies are unique in the way "
"they participate in the commons while still engaging with the market and/or "
msgstr ""
#. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><sect1><para>
-#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:475
+#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:511
msgid ""
"Fig. 1. is a depiction of how an enterprise can have varying levels of "
"engagement with commons, state, and market."
msgstr ""
#. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><sect1><para>
-#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:479
+#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:515
msgid ""
"Some of our case studies are simply commons and market enterprises with "
"little or no engagement with the state. A depiction of those case studies "
msgstr ""
#. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><sect1><para>
-#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:490
+#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:526
msgid ""
"All our case studies generate money as a means of livelihood and "
"sustainability. Money is primarily of the market. Finding ways to generate "
msgstr ""
#. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><sect1><para>
-#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:499
+#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:535
msgid ""
"The state has an important role to play in fostering the use and adoption of "
"the commons. State programs and funding can deliberately contribute to and "
msgstr ""
#. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><sect1><figure><mediaobject><textobject><phrase>
-#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:506
-#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:513
+#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:542
+#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:548
msgid "Enterprise engagement with commons, state and market."
msgstr ""
#. type: Attribute 'fileref' of: <book><part><chapter><sect1><figure><mediaobject><imageobject><imagedata>
-#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:510
+#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:546
msgid "Pictures/10000201000008000000045C30360249076453E6.png"
msgstr ""
#. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><sect1><figure>
-#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:508
-#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:557
-#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:675
-#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:804
-#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:846
-#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:934
+#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:544
+#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:593
+#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:711
+#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:844
+#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:888
+#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:978
msgid "<placeholder type=\"mediaobject\" id=\"0\"/>"
msgstr ""
#. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><sect1><para>
-#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:519
+#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:553
msgid ""
"It’s helpful to understand how the commons, market, and state manage "
"resources differently, and not just for those who consider themselves "
msgstr ""
#. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><sect1><title>
-#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:530
+#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:564
msgid "The Four Aspects of a Resource"
msgstr ""
#. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><sect1><para><footnote><para>
-#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:535
+#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:570
msgid ""
"Daniel H. Cole, <quote>Learning from Lin: Lessons and Cautions from the "
"Natural Commons for the Knowledge Commons,</quote> in Governing Knowledge "
msgstr ""
#. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><sect1><para>
-#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:532
+#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:566
msgid ""
"As part of her Nobel Prize–winning work, Elinor Ostrom developed a framework "
"for analyzing how natural resources are managed in a commons.<placeholder "
msgstr ""
#. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><sect1><para>
-#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:548
+#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:584
msgid ""
"To compare and contrast the ways in which the commons, market, and state "
"work, let’s consider four aspects of resource management: resource "
msgstr ""
#. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><sect1><figure><mediaobject><textobject><phrase>
-#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:556
-#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:562
+#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:592
+#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:597
msgid "Four aspects of resource management"
msgstr ""
#. type: Attribute 'fileref' of: <book><part><chapter><sect1><figure><mediaobject><imageobject><imagedata>
-#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:559
+#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:595
msgid "Pictures/10000201000007D0000007D0ACF13F8B71EAF0B9.png"
msgstr ""
#. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><sect1><sect2><title>
-#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:568
+#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:602
msgid "Characteristics"
msgstr ""
#. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><sect1><sect2><para>
-#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:570
+#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:604
msgid ""
"Resources have particular characteristics or attributes that affect the way "
"they can be used. Some resources are natural; others are human produced. And—"
msgstr ""
#. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><sect1><sect2><para>
-#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:577
+#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:611
msgid ""
"Physical resources exist in limited supply. If I have a physical resource "
"and give it to you, I no longer have it. When a resource is removed and "
msgstr ""
#. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><sect1><sect2><para>
-#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:588
+#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:622
msgid ""
"Physical resources are depletable, exclusive, and rivalrous. Digital "
"resources, on the other hand, are nondepletable, nonexclusive, and "
msgstr ""
#. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><sect1><sect2><para>
-#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:598
+#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:632
msgid ""
"The nondepletable, nonexclusive, and nonrivalrous nature of digital "
"resources means the rules and norms for managing them can (and ought to) be "
msgstr ""
#. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><sect1><sect2><para>
-#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:606
+#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:640
msgid ""
"Our case studies frequently manage hybrid resources, which start out as "
"digital with the possibility of being made into a physical resource. The "
msgstr ""
#. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><sect1><sect2><para>
-#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:617
+#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:651
msgid ""
"Beyond this idea of physical versus digital, the commons, market, and state "
"conceive of resources differently (see Fig. 3). The market sees resources "
msgstr ""
#. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><sect1><sect2><title>
-#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:628
+#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:662
msgid "People and processes"
msgstr ""
#. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><sect1><sect2><para>
-#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:630
+#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:664
msgid ""
"In the commons, the market, and the state, different people and processes "
"are used to manage resources. The processes used define both who has a say "
msgstr ""
#. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><sect1><sect2><para>
-#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:635
+#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:669
msgid ""
"In the state, a government of elected officials is responsible for managing "
"resources on behalf of the public. The citizens who produce and use those "
msgstr ""
#. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><sect1><sect2><para>
-#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:644
+#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:678
msgid ""
"In the market, the people involved are producers, buyers, sellers, and "
"consumers. Businesses act as intermediaries between those who produce "
msgstr ""
#. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><sect1><sect2><para><footnote><para>
-#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:655
+#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:690
msgid ""
"Max Haiven, Crises of Imagination, Crises of Power: Capitalism, Creativity "
"and the Commons (New York: Zed Books, 2014), 93."
msgstr ""
#. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><sect1><sect2><para>
-#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:653
+#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:687
msgid ""
"In contrast to the state and market, resources in a commons are managed more "
"directly by the people involved.<placeholder type=\"footnote\" id=\"0\"/> "
msgstr ""
#. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><sect1><sect2><figure><mediaobject><textobject><phrase>
-#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:673
-#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:680
+#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:709
+#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:715
msgid "How the market, commons and state concieve of resources."
msgstr ""
#. type: Attribute 'fileref' of: <book><part><chapter><sect1><sect2><figure><mediaobject><imageobject><imagedata>
-#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:677
+#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:713
msgid "Pictures/10000201000009C40000065D9EC4F530BD4DFBE0.png"
msgstr ""
#. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><sect1><sect2><title>
-#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:687
+#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:721
msgid "Norms and rules"
msgstr ""
#. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><sect1><sect2><para>
-#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:689
+#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:723
msgid ""
"The social interactions between people, and the processes used by the state, "
"market, and commons, evolve social norms and rules. These norms and rules "
msgstr ""
#. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><sect1><sect2><para>
-#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:695
+#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:729
msgid ""
"State authority is governed by national constitutions. Norms related to "
"priorities and decision making are defined by elected officials and "
msgstr ""
#. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><sect1><sect2><para>
-#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:703
+#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:737
msgid ""
"Market norms are influenced by economics and competition for scarce "
"resources. Market rules follow property, business, and financial laws "
msgstr ""
#. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><sect1><sect2><para><footnote><para>
-#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:715
+#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:750
msgid "Bollier, Think Like a Commoner, 175."
msgstr ""
#. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><sect1><sect2><para>
-#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:708
+#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:742
msgid ""
"As with the market, a commons can be influenced by state policies, "
"regulations, and laws. But the norms and rules of a commons are largely "
msgstr ""
#. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><sect1><sect2><title>
-#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:720
+#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:756
msgid "Goals"
msgstr ""
#. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><sect1><sect2><para>
-#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:722
+#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:758
msgid ""
"The combination of the aspects we’ve discussed so far—the resource’s "
"inherent characteristics, people and processes, and norms and rules—shape "
msgstr ""
#. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><sect1><sect2><para><footnote><para>
-#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:734
+#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:771
msgid ""
"Joshua Farley and Ida Kubiszewski, <quote>The Economics of Information in a "
"Post-Carbon Economy,</quote> in Free Knowledge: Confronting the "
msgstr ""
#. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><sect1><sect2><para>
-#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:729
+#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:765
msgid ""
"In the market, the focus is on maximizing the utility of a resource. What we "
"pay for the goods we consume is seen as an objective measure of the utility "
msgstr ""
#. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><sect1><sect2><para>
-#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:744
+#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:782
msgid ""
"The state aims to use and manage resources in a way that balances the "
"economy with the social and cultural needs of its citizens. Health care, "
msgstr ""
#. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><sect1><sect2><para>
-#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:753
+#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:791
msgid ""
"In the commons, the goal is maximizing access, equity, distribution, "
"participation, innovation, and sustainability. You can measure success by "
msgstr ""
#. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><sect1><sect2><para>
-#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:762
+#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:800
msgid ""
"As hybrid combinations of the commons with the market or state, the success "
"and sustainability of all our case study enterprises depends on their "
msgstr ""
#. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><sect1><title>
-#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:770
+#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:808
msgid "A Short History of the Commons"
msgstr ""
#. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><sect1><para>
-#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:772
+#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:810
msgid ""
"Using the commons to manage resources is part of a long historical "
"continuum. However, in contemporary society, the market and the state "
msgstr ""
#. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><sect1><para>
-#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:781
+#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:819
msgid ""
"But the more than 1.1 billion resources licensed with Creative Commons "
"around the world are indications of a grassroots move toward the commons. "
msgstr ""
#. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><sect1><para><footnote><para>
-#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:792
+#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:831
msgid ""
"Rowe, Our Common Wealth, 19; and Heather Menzies, Reclaiming the Commons for "
"the Common Good: A Memoir and Manifesto (Gabriola Island, BC: New Society, "
msgstr ""
#. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><sect1><para>
-#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:788
+#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:826
msgid ""
"For centuries, indigenous people and preindustrialized societies managed "
"resources, including water, food, firewood, irrigation, fish, wild game, and "
msgstr ""
#. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><sect1><figure><mediaobject><textobject><phrase>
-#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:803
-#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:809
+#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:843
+#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:848
msgid "In preindustrialized society."
msgstr ""
#. type: Attribute 'fileref' of: <book><part><chapter><sect1><figure><mediaobject><imageobject><imagedata>
-#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:806
+#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:846
msgid "Pictures/10000201000009C4000005153EACBD62F00F6BA9.png"
msgstr ""
#. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><sect1><para><footnote><para>
-#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:818
+#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:857
msgid "Bollier, Think Like a Commoner, 55–78."
msgstr ""
#. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><sect1><para><footnote><para>
-#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:822
+#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:863
msgid ""
"Fritjof Capra and Ugo Mattei, The Ecology of Law: Toward a Legal System in "
"Tune with Nature and Community (Oakland, CA: Berrett-Koehler, 2015), 46–57; "
msgstr ""
#. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><sect1><para>
-#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:815
+#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:853
msgid ""
"This is followed by a long history of the state (a monarchy or ruler) taking "
"over the commons for their own purposes. This is called enclosure of the "
msgstr ""
#. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><sect1><para>
-#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:831
+#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:873
msgid ""
"Holdings of land, water, and game were distributed to ruling family and "
"political appointees. Commoners displaced from the land migrated to cities. "
msgstr ""
#. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><sect1><figure><mediaobject><textobject><phrase>
-#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:845
-#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:851
+#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:887
+#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:892
msgid "The commons is gradually superseded by the state."
msgstr ""
#. type: Attribute 'fileref' of: <book><part><chapter><sect1><figure><mediaobject><imageobject><imagedata>
-#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:848
+#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:890
msgid "Pictures/10000201000009C4000005150F069409C1CC12F0.png"
msgstr ""
#. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><sect1><para>
-#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:857
+#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:897
msgid ""
"However, the world today is going through turbulent times. The benefits of "
"the market have been offset by unequal distribution and overexploitation."
msgstr ""
#. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><sect1><para>
-#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:862
+#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:902
msgid ""
"Overexploitation was the topic of Garrett Hardin’s influential essay "
"<quote>The Tragedy of the Commons,</quote> published in Science in 1968. "
msgstr ""
#. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><sect1><para><footnote><para>
-#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:890
+#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:931
msgid ""
"Brett M. Frischmann, Michael J. Madison, and Katherine J. Strandburg, "
"<quote>Governing Knowledge Commons,</quote> in Frischmann, Madison, and "
msgstr ""
#. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><sect1><para>
-#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:873
+#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:913
msgid ""
"However, there is one serious flaw with Hardin’s <quote>The Tragedy of the "
"Commons</quote>—it’s fiction. Hardin did not actually study how real commons "
msgstr ""
#. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><sect1><para>
-#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:897
+#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:939
msgid ""
"Hardin failed to consider the actual social dynamic of the commons. His "
"model assumed that people in the commons act autonomously, out of pure self-"
msgstr ""
#. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><sect1><para><footnote><para>
-#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:913
+#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:956
msgid ""
"Farley and Kubiszewski, <quote>Economics of Information,</quote> in Elliott "
"and Hepting, Free Knowledge, 203."
msgstr ""
#. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><sect1><para>
-#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:909
+#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:951
msgid ""
"Hardin’s story is based on the premise of depletable resources. Economists "
"have focused almost exclusively on scarcity-based markets. Very little is "
msgstr ""
#. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><sect1><para>
-#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:925
+#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:969
msgid ""
"When it comes to use of state funds to create digital goods, however, there "
"is really no justification for artificial scarcity. The norm for state "
msgstr ""
#. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><sect1><figure><mediaobject><textobject><phrase>
-#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:932
-#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:939
+#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:976
+#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:982
msgid "How the market, the state and the commons look today."
msgstr ""
#. type: Attribute 'fileref' of: <book><part><chapter><sect1><figure><mediaobject><imageobject><imagedata>
-#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:936
+#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:980
msgid "Pictures/10000201000009C400000515F1CAA15B223F6BAF.png"
msgstr ""
#. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><sect1><title>
-#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:946
+#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:988
msgid "The Digital Revolution"
msgstr ""
#. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><sect1><para>
-#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:948
+#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:990
msgid ""
"In the early days of computing, programmers and developers learned from each "
"other by sharing software. In the 1980s, the free-software movement codified "
msgstr ""
#. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><sect1><itemizedlist><listitem><para>
-#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:956
+#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:998
msgid "The freedom to run a software program as you wish, for any purpose."
msgstr ""
#. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><sect1><itemizedlist><listitem><para>
-#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:962
+#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:1004
msgid ""
"The freedom to study how a software program works (because access to the "
"source code has been freely given), and change it so it does your computing "
msgstr ""
#. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><sect1><itemizedlist><listitem><para>
-#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:969
+#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:1011
msgid "The freedom to redistribute copies."
msgstr ""
#. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><sect1><itemizedlist><listitem><para><footnote><para>
-#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:975
+#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:1019
msgid ""
"<quote>What Is Free Software?</quote> GNU Operating System, the Free "
"Software Foundation’s Licensing and Compliance Lab, accessed December 30, "
msgstr ""
#. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><sect1><itemizedlist><listitem><para>
-#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:974
+#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:1016
msgid ""
"The freedom to distribute copies of your modified versions to others."
"<placeholder type=\"footnote\" id=\"0\"/>"
msgstr ""
#. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><sect1><para>
-#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:984
+#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:1029
msgid ""
"These principles and freedoms constitute a set of norms and rules that "
"typify a digital commons."
msgstr ""
#. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><sect1><para><footnote><para>
-#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:999
+#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:1045
msgid ""
"Wikipedia, s.v. <quote>Open-source software,</quote> last modified November "
"22, 2016."
msgstr ""
#. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><sect1><para>
-#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:988
+#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:1033
msgid ""
"In the late 1990s, to make the sharing of source code and collaboration more "
"appealing to companies, the open-source-software initiative converted these "
msgstr ""
#. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><sect1><para><footnote><para>
-#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:1014
+#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:1062
msgid ""
"Eric S. Raymond, <quote>The Magic Cauldron,</quote> in The Cathedral and the "
"Bazaar: Musings on Linux and Open Source by an Accidental Revolutionary, "
msgstr ""
#. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><sect1><para>
-#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:1006
+#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:1053
msgid ""
"While open-source software functions as a commons, many businesses and "
"markets did build up around it. Business models based on the licenses and "
msgstr ""
#. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><sect1><para>
-#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:1023
+#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:1072
msgid ""
"It isn’t just about an abundant availability of digital assets but also "
"about abundance of participation. The growth of personal computing, "
msgstr ""
#. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><sect1><para><footnote><para>
-#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:1042
+#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:1092
msgid ""
"New York Times Customer Insight Group, The Psychology of Sharing: Why Do "
"People Share Online? (New York: New York Times Customer Insight Group, "
msgstr ""
#. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><sect1><para>
-#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:1036
+#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:1085
msgid ""
"But people like to share. One of the ways we define ourselves is by sharing "
"valuable and entertaining content. Doing so grows and nourishes "
msgstr ""
#. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><sect1><title>
-#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:1050
+#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:1101
#, fuzzy
#| msgid "Made With Creative Commons"
msgid "The Birth of Creative Commons"
msgstr "Gemacht Mit Creative Commons"
#. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><sect1><para>
-#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:1052
+#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:1103
msgid ""
"In 2001, Creative Commons was created as a nonprofit to support all those "
"who wanted to share digital content. A suite of Creative Commons licenses "
msgstr ""
#. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><sect1><para><footnote><para>
-#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:1072
+#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:1125
msgid ""
"<quote>Licensing Considerations,</quote> Creative Commons, accessed December "
"30, 2016, <ulink url=\"http://creativecommons.org/share-your-work/licensing-"
msgstr ""
#. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><sect1><para>
-#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:1061
+#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:1112
msgid ""
"Creative Commons licenses have a three-layer design. The norms and rules of "
"each license are first expressed in full legal language as used by lawyers. "
msgstr ""
#. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><sect1><para>
-#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:1080
+#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:1134
msgid ""
"In 2015, there were over one billion Creative Commons licensed works in a "
"global commons. These works were viewed online 136 billion times. People are "
msgstr ""
#. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><sect1><para><footnote><para>
-#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:1093
+#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:1148
msgid ""
"Creative Commons, 2015 State of the Commons (Mountain View, CA: Creative "
"Commons, 2015), <ulink url=\"http://stateof.creativecommons.org/2015/\"/>."
msgstr ""
#. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><sect1><para>
-#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:1088
+#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:1142
msgid ""
"Individual artists, photographers, musicians, and filmmakers use Creative "
"Commons, but so do museums, governments, creative industries, manufacturers, "
msgstr ""
#. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><sect1><para>
-#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:1101
+#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:1157
msgid ""
"Some see Creative Commons as a way to share a gift with others, a way of "
"getting known, or a way to provide social benefit. Others are simply "
msgstr ""
#. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><sect1><para>
-#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:1113
+#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:1169
msgid ""
"Over time, Creative Commons has spawned a range of open movements, including "
"open educational resources, open access, open science, and open data. The "
msgstr ""
#. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><sect1><para><footnote><para>
-#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:1126
+#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:1183
msgid ""
"Wikipedia, s.v. <quote>Open Government Partnership,</quote> last modified "
"September 24, 2016, <ulink url=\"http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/"
msgstr ""
#. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><sect1><para>
-#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:1121
+#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:1177
msgid ""
"The state is increasingly involved in supporting open movements. The Open "
"Government Partnership was launched in 2011 to provide an international "
msgstr ""
#. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><sect1><title>
-#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:1137
+#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:1195
msgid "The Changing Market"
msgstr ""
#. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><sect1><para><footnote><para>
-#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:1145
+#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:1204
msgid "Capra and Mattei, Ecology of Law, 114."
msgstr ""
#. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><sect1><para><footnote><para>
-#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:1153
+#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:1214
msgid "Ibid., 116."
msgstr ""
#. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><sect1><para>
-#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:1139
+#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:1197
msgid ""
"Today’s market is largely driven by global capitalism. Law and financial "
"systems are structured to support extraction, privatization, and corporate "
msgstr ""
#. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><sect1><para><footnote><para>
-#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:1163
+#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:1226
msgid ""
"The Swedish International Development Cooperation Agency, <quote>Stockholm "
"Statement</quote> accessed February 15, 2017, <ulink url=\"http://sida.se/"
msgstr ""
#. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><sect1><para>
-#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:1157
+#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:1219
msgid ""
"In light of these challenges there is a growing recognition that GDP growth "
"should not be an end in itself, that development needs to be socially and "
msgstr ""
#. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><sect1><para><footnote><para>
-#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:1175
+#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:1240
msgid ""
"City of Bologna, Regulation on Collaboration between Citizens and the City "
"for the Care and Regeneration of Urban Commons, trans. LabGov (LABoratory "
msgstr ""
#. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><sect1><para><footnote><para>
-#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:1185
+#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:1252
msgid ""
"The Seoul Sharing City website is <ulink url=\"http://english.sharehub.kr\"/"
">; for Amsterdam Sharing City, go to <ulink url=\"http://www.sharenl.nl/"
msgstr ""
#. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><sect1><para>
-#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:1170
+#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:1234
msgid ""
"These realizations have led to a resurgence of interest in the commons as a "
"means of enabling that balance. City governments like Bologna, Italy, are "
msgstr ""
#. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><sect1><para><footnote><para>
-#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:1202
+#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:1271
msgid ""
"Tom Slee, What’s Yours Is Mine: Against the Sharing Economy (New York: OR "
"Books, 2015), 42."
msgstr ""
#. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><sect1><para>
-#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:1192
+#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:1260
msgid ""
"The market itself has taken an interest in the sharing economy, with "
"businesses like Airbnb providing a peer-to-peer marketplace for short-term "
msgstr ""
#. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><sect1><para><footnote><para>
-#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:1224
+#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:1295
msgid ""
"Chris Anderson, Free: How Today’s Smartest Businesses Profit by Giving "
"Something for Nothing, Reprint with new preface. (New York: Hyperion, "
msgstr ""
#. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><sect1><para>
-#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:1214
+#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:1284
msgid ""
"One way Made with Creative Commons case studies differ from those of the "
"sharing economy is their focus on digital resources. Digital resources "
msgstr ""
#. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><sect1><para>
-#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:1230
+#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:1302
msgid ""
"Those that are Made with Creative Commons are looking to leverage the unique "
"inherent characteristics of digital resources, including lowering costs. The "
msgstr ""
#. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><sect1><para><footnote><para>
-#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:1249
+#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:1322
msgid ""
"Jeremy Rifkin, The Zero Marginal Cost Society: The Internet of Things, the "
"Collaborative Commons, and the Eclipse of Capitalism (New York: Palgrave "
msgstr ""
#. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><sect1><para>
-#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:1244
+#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:1316
msgid ""
"The incremental cost of storing, copying, and distributing digital goods is "
"next to zero, making abundance possible. But imagining a market based on "
msgstr ""
#. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><sect1><para>
-#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:1257
+#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:1331
msgid ""
"Some are looking to minimize their interactions with the market and operate "
"as autonomously as possible. Others are operating largely as a business "
msgstr ""
#. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><sect1><para><footnote><para>
-#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:1271
+#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:1346
msgid ""
"Gar Alperovitz, What Then Must We Do? Straight Talk about the Next American "
"Revolution: Democratizing Wealth and Building a Community-Sustaining Economy "
msgstr ""
#. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><sect1><para><footnote><para>
-#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:1280
+#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:1357
msgid ""
"Marjorie Kelly, Owning Our Future: The Emerging Ownership Revolution; "
"Journeys to a Generative Economy (San Francisco: Berrett-Koehler, 2012), 8–9."
msgstr ""
#. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><sect1><para>
-#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:1264
+#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:1338
msgid ""
"For an ordinary corporation, making social benefit a part of its operations "
"is difficult, as it’s legally required to make decisions that financially "
msgstr ""
#. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><sect1><para><footnote><para>
-#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:1292
+#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:1372
msgid ""
"Alex Osterwalder and Yves Pigneur, Business Model Generation (Hoboken, NJ: "
"John Wiley and Sons, 2010). A preview of the book is available at <ulink url="
msgstr ""
#. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><sect1><para>
-#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:1285
+#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:1364
msgid ""
"<quote>A book on open business models</quote> is how we described it in this "
"book’s Kickstarter campaign. We used a handbook called Business Model "
msgstr ""
#. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><sect1><para><footnote><para>
-#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:1302
+#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:1384
msgid ""
"This business model canvas is available to download at <ulink url=\"http://"
"strategyzer.com/canvas/business-model-canvas\"/>."
msgstr ""
#. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><sect1><para><footnote><para>
-#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:1310
+#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:1394
msgid ""
"We’ve made the <quote>Open Business Model Canvas,</quote> designed by the "
"coauthor Paul Stacey, available online at <ulink url=\"http://docs.google."
msgstr ""
#. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><sect1><para>
-#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:1299
+#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:1380
msgid ""
"It contains a <quote>business model canvas,</quote> which conceives of a "
"business model as having nine building blocks.<placeholder type=\"footnote\" "
msgstr ""
#. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><sect1><para>
-#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:1320
+#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:1405
msgid ""
"In our case study interviews, many expressed discomfort over describing "
"themselves as an open business model—the term business model suggested "
msgstr ""
#. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><sect1><para><footnote><para>
-#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:1342
+#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:1428
msgid ""
"A more comprehensive list of revenue streams is available in this post I "
"wrote on Medium on March 6, 2016. <quote>What Is an Open Business Model and "
msgstr ""
#. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><sect1><para>
-#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:1333
+#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:1418
msgid ""
"The creators, businesses, and organizations we profile all engage with the "
"market to generate revenue in some way. The ways in which this is done vary "
msgstr ""
#. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><sect1><title>
-#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:1354
+#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:1441
msgid "Benefits of the Digital Commons"
msgstr ""
#. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><sect1><para>
-#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:1356
+#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:1443
msgid ""
"While it may be clear why commons-based organizations want to interact and "
"engage with the market (they need money to survive), it may be less obvious "
msgstr ""
#. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><sect1><para>
-#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:1362
+#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:1449
msgid ""
"The commons speeds dissemination. The free flow of resources in the commons "
"offers tremendous economies of scale. Distribution is decentralized, with "
msgstr ""
#. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><sect1><para>
-#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:1371
+#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:1458
msgid ""
"The commons ensures access to all. The market has traditionally operated by "
"putting resources behind a paywall requiring payment first before access. "
msgstr ""
#. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><sect1><para>
-#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:1384
+#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:1471
msgid ""
"The commons maximizes participation. Resources in the commons can be used "
"and contributed to by everyone. Using the resources of others, contributing "
msgstr ""
#. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><sect1><para><footnote><para>
-#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:1406
+#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:1494
msgid ""
"Henry Chesbrough, Open Innovation: The New Imperative for Creating and "
"Profiting from Technology (Boston: Harvard Business Review Press, 2006), 31–"
msgstr ""
#. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><sect1><para>
-#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:1397
+#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:1484
msgid ""
"The commons spurs innovation. Resources in the hands of more people who can "
"use them leads to new ideas. The way commons resources can be modified, "
msgstr ""
#. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><sect1><para>
-#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:1415
+#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:1504
msgid ""
"The commons boosts reach and impact. The digital commons is global. "
"Resources may be created for a local or regional need, but they go far and "
msgstr ""
#. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><sect1><para>
-#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:1428
+#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:1517
msgid ""
"The commons is generative. Instead of extracting value, the commons adds "
"value. Digitized resources persist without becoming depleted, and through "
msgstr ""
#. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><sect1><para>
-#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:1442
+#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:1531
msgid ""
"The commons brings people together for a common cause. The commons vests "
"people directly with the responsibility to manage the resources for the "
msgstr ""
#. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><sect1><para>
-#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:1457
+#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:1546
msgid ""
"The benefits of the commons are many. When these benefits align with the "
"goals of individuals, communities, businesses in the market, or state "
msgstr ""
#. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><sect1><title>
-#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:1464
+#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:1553
msgid "Our Case Studies"
msgstr ""
#. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><sect1><para>
-#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:1466
+#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:1555
msgid ""
"The creators, organizations, and businesses in our case studies operate as "
"nonprofits, for-profits, and social enterprises. Regardless of legal "
msgstr ""
#. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><sect1><para>
-#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:1478
+#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:1567
msgid ""
"The case studies are based on the narratives told to us by founders and key "
"staff. Instead of solely using financials as the measure of success and "
msgstr ""
#. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><sect1><para>
-#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:1486
+#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:1575
msgid ""
"Our case studies are diverse, ranging from publishing to education and "
"manufacturing. All of the organizations, businesses, and creators in the "
msgstr ""
#. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><sect1><para>
-#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:1496
+#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:1585
msgid ""
"They are creating new resources, or using the resources of others, or mixing "
"existing resources together to make something new. They, and their audience, "
msgstr ""
#. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><sect1><para>
-#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:1504
+#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:1593
msgid ""
"And as users of Creative Commons licenses, they are automatically part of a "
"global community. The new digital commons is global. Those we profiled come "
msgstr ""
#. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><sect1><para>
-#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:1511
+#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:1600
msgid ""
"Creative Commons licenses may express legal rules around the use of "
"resources in a commons, but success in the commons requires more than "
msgstr ""
#. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><sect1><para>
-#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:1524
+#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:1613
msgid ""
"The new digital commons is here to stay. Made With Creative Commons case "
"studies show how it’s possible to be part of this commons while still "
msgstr ""
#. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><sect1><para>
-#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:1533
+#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:1622
msgid ""
"Enterprise use of Creative Commons has only just begun. The case studies in "
"this book are merely starting points. Each is changing and evolving over "
msgstr ""
#. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><title>
-#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:1544
+#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:1634
#, fuzzy
#| msgid "Made with Creative Commons"
msgid "How to Be Made with Creative Commons"
msgstr "Gemacht mit Creative Commons"
#. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para>
-#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:1546
+#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:1636
msgid "Sarah Hinchliff Pearson"
msgstr ""
#. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para>
-#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:1549
+#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:1639
msgid ""
"When we began this project in August 2015, we set out to write a book about "
"business models that involve Creative Commons licenses in some significant "
msgstr ""
#. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para>
-#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:1565
+#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:1655
msgid ""
"We analyzed the revenue models, customer segments, and value propositions of "
"each endeavor. We searched for ways that putting their content under "
msgstr ""
#. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para>
-#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:1575
+#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:1665
msgid ""
"In fairly short order, we realized the book we set out to write was quite "
"different from the one that was revealing itself in our interviews and "
msgstr ""
#. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para>
-#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:1580
+#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:1670
msgid ""
"It isn’t that we were wrong to think you can make money while using Creative "
"Commons licenses. In many instances, CC can help make you more money. Nor "
msgstr ""
#. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para><footnote><para>
-#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:1593
+#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:1684
msgid ""
"Alex Osterwalder and Yves Pigneur, Business Model Generation (Hoboken, NJ: "
"John Wiley and Sons, 2010), 14. A preview of the book is available at <ulink "
msgstr ""
#. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para>
-#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:1589
+#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:1679
msgid ""
"According to the seminal handbook Business Model Generation, a business "
"model <quote>describes the rationale of how an organization creates, "
msgstr ""
#. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para>
-#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:1605
+#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:1697
msgid ""
"Eventually, we got it. Being Made with Creative Commons is more than a "
"business model. While we will talk about specific revenue models as one "
msgstr ""
#. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para>
-#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:1612
+#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:1704
msgid ""
"Admittedly, it took me a long time to get there. When Paul and I divided up "
"our writing after finishing the research, my charge was to distill "
msgstr ""
#. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para>
-#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:1622
+#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:1714
msgid ""
"In every interview, we started from the same simple questions. Amid all the "
"diversity among the creators, organizations, and businesses we profiled, "
msgstr ""
#. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para>
-#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:1634
+#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:1726
msgid ""
"But we also started to realize something about what it means to be Made with "
"Creative Commons. When people talked to us about how and why they used CC, "
msgstr ""
#. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para>
-#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:1642
+#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:1734
msgid ""
"At one level, being Made with Creative Commons expresses an affinity for the "
"value of Creative Commons. While there are many different flavors of CC "
msgstr ""
#. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para>
-#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:1656
+#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:1748
msgid ""
"Whether the public makes use of the opportunity to copy and adapt your work, "
"sharing with a Creative Commons license is a symbol of how you want to "
msgstr ""
#. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para>
-#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:1668
+#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:1760
msgid ""
"Being Made with Creative Commons not only demonstrates values connected to "
"CC and sharing. It also demonstrates that something other than profit drives "
msgstr ""
#. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para><footnote><para>
-#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:1681
+#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:1774
msgid ""
"Cory Doctorow, Information Doesn’t Want to Be Free: Laws for the Internet "
"Age (San Francisco, CA: McSweeney’s, 2014) 68."
msgstr ""
#. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para>
-#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:1676
+#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:1768
msgid ""
"The driving motivation varies depending on the type of endeavor. For "
"individual creators, it is most often about personal inspiration. In some "
msgstr ""
#. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para>
-#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:1693
+#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:1787
msgid ""
"Many that are Made with Creative Commons have an express social mission that "
"underpins everything they do. In many cases, sharing with Creative Commons "
msgstr ""
#. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para>
-#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:1703
+#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:1797
msgid ""
"This dynamic is probably one reason why there are so many nonprofit examples "
"of being Made with Creative Commons. The content is the result of a labor of "
msgstr ""
#. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para>
-#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:1713
+#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:1807
msgid ""
"Even if profit isn’t the end goal, you have to bring in money to be "
"successfully Made with Creative Commons. At a bare minimum, you have to make "
msgstr ""
#. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para>
-#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:1718
+#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:1812
msgid ""
"The costs of doing business vary widely for those made with CC, but there is "
"generally a much lower threshold for sustainability than there used to be "
msgstr ""
#. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para><footnote><para>
-#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:1735
+#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:1830
msgid "Ibid., 55."
msgstr ""
#. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para>
-#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:1730
+#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:1824
msgid ""
"Some creation costs are the same as they always were. It takes the same "
"amount of time and money to write a peer-reviewed journal article or paint a "
msgstr ""
#. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para><footnote><para>
-#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:1747
+#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:1844
msgid ""
"Chris Anderson, Free: How Today’s Smartest Businesses Profit by Giving "
"Something for Nothing, reprint with new preface (New York: Hyperion, 2010), "
msgstr ""
#. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para>
-#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:1744
+#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:1840
msgid ""
"Distributing content is almost universally cheaper than ever. Once content "
"is created, the costs to distribute copies digitally are essentially zero."
msgstr ""
#. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para><footnote><para>
-#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:1769
+#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:1868
msgid "Doctorow, Information Doesn’t Want to Be Free, 44."
msgstr ""
#. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para>
-#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:1759
+#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:1857
msgid ""
"It’s important to recognize that the biggest impact of technology on "
"creative endeavors is that creators can now foot the costs of creation and "
msgstr ""
#. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para>
-#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:1776
+#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:1876
msgid ""
"Whether for an individual creator or a larger endeavor, it usually isn’t "
"enough to break even if you want to make what you’re doing a livelihood. You "
msgstr ""
#. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para>
-#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:1789
+#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:1889
msgid ""
"This book is a testament to the notion that it is possible to make money "
"while using CC licenses and CC-licensed content, but we are still very much "
msgstr ""
#. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para>
-#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:1797
+#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:1897
msgid ""
"There are, however, plenty of ways in which CC licensing can be good for "
"business in fairly predictable ways. The first is how it helps solve "
msgstr ""
#. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><sect1><title>
-#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:1802
+#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:1902
msgid "Problem Zero: Getting Discovered"
msgstr ""
#. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><sect1><para><footnote><para>
-#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:1809
+#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:1910
msgid ""
"Amanda Palmer, The Art of Asking: Or How I Learned to Stop Worrying and Let "
"People Help (New York: Grand Central, 2014), 121."
msgstr ""
#. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><sect1><para><footnote><para>
-#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:1824
+#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:1927
msgid ""
"Chris Anderson, Makers: The New Industrial Revolution (New York: Signal, "
"2012), 64."
msgstr ""
#. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><sect1><para>
-#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:1804
+#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:1904
msgid ""
"Once you create or collect your content, the next step is finding users, "
"customers, fans—in other words, your people. As Amanda Palmer wrote, "
msgstr ""
#. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><sect1><para><footnote><para>
-#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:1838
+#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:1943
msgid ""
"David Bollier, Think Like a Commoner: A Short Introduction to the Life of "
"the Commons (Gabriola Island, BC: New Society, 2014), 70."
msgstr ""
#. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><sect1><para><footnote><para>
-#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:1845
+#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:1952
msgid "Anderson, Makers, 66."
msgstr ""
#. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><sect1><para><footnote><para>
-#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:1850
+#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:1959
msgid ""
"Bryan Kramer, Shareology: How Sharing Is Powering the Human Economy (New "
"York: Morgan James, 2016), 10."
msgstr ""
#. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><sect1><para>
-#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:1830
+#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:1934
msgid ""
"While finding <quote>your people</quote> online is theoretically easier than "
"in the analog world, as a practical matter it can still be difficult to "
msgstr ""
#. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><sect1><para><footnote><para>
-#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:1864
+#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:1975
msgid "Anderson, Free, 62."
msgstr ""
#. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><sect1><para>
-#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:1856
+#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:1966
msgid ""
"When you come to the Internet armed with an all-rights-reserved mentality "
"from the start, you are often restricting access to your work before there "
msgstr ""
#. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><sect1><para><footnote><para>
-#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:1878
+#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:1991
msgid "Doctorow, Information Doesn’t Want to Be Free, 38."
msgstr ""
#. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><sect1><para>
-#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:1874
+#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:1986
msgid ""
"Of course, it’s not that being discovered by people who like your work will "
"make you rich—far from it. But as Cory Doctorow says, <quote>Recognition is "
msgstr ""
#. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><sect1><para>
-#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:1882
+#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:1996
msgid ""
"Choosing not to spend time and energy restricting access to your work and "
"policing infringement also builds goodwill. Lumen Learning, a for-profit "
msgstr ""
#. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><sect1><para><footnote><para>
-#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:1900
+#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:2015
msgid "Bollier, Think Like a Commoner, 68."
msgstr ""
#. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><sect1><para>
-#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:1893
+#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:2007
msgid ""
"It is not just that restricting access to your work may undermine your "
"social mission. It also may alienate the people who most value your creative "
msgstr ""
#. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><sect1><para>
-#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:1904
+#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:2020
msgid ""
"The fact that copying can carry criminal penalties undoubtedly deters "
"copying it, but copying with the click of a button is too easy and "
msgstr ""
#. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><sect1><para>
-#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:1913
+#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:2029
msgid ""
"If you take some amount of copying and sharing your work as a given, you can "
"invest your time and resources elsewhere, rather than wasting them on "
msgstr ""
#. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><sect1><para><footnote><para>
-#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:1933
+#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:2050
msgid "Anderson, Free, 86."
msgstr ""
#. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><sect1><para>
-#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:1929
+#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:2045
msgid ""
"Being Made with Creative Commons means you stop thinking about ways to "
"artificially make your content scarce, and instead leverage it as the "
msgstr ""
#. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><sect1><para><footnote><para>
-#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:1944
+#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:2063
msgid "Doctorow, Information Doesn’t Want to Be Free, 144."
msgstr ""
#. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><sect1><para>
-#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:1941
+#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:2059
msgid ""
"Cory Doctorow says it costs him nothing when other people make copies of his "
"work, and it opens the possibility that he might get something in return."
msgstr ""
#. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><sect1><para>
-#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:1954
+#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:2074
msgid ""
"There are all kinds of way to leverage the power of sharing and remix to "
"your benefit. Here are a few."
msgstr ""
#. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><sect1><sect2><title>
-#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:1958
+#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:2078
msgid "Use CC to grow a larger audience"
msgstr ""
#. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><sect1><sect2><para>
-#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:1960
+#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:2080
msgid ""
"Putting a Creative Commons license on your content won’t make it "
"automatically go viral, but eliminating legal barriers to copying the work "
msgstr ""
#. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><sect1><sect2><para>
-#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:1972
+#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:2092
msgid ""
"The Conversation is an online news site with in-depth articles written by "
"academics who are experts on particular topics. All of the articles are CC-"
msgstr ""
#. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><sect1><sect2><para><footnote><para>
-#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:1989
+#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:2110
msgid "Anderson, Free, 123."
msgstr ""
#. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><sect1><sect2><para>
-#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:1981
+#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:2101
msgid ""
"The idea that more eyeballs equates with more success is a form of the max "
"strategy, adopted by Google and other technology companies. According to "
msgstr ""
#. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><sect1><sect2><para><footnote><para>
-#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:2003
+#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:2126
msgid "Ibid., 132."
msgstr ""
#. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><sect1><sect2><para><footnote><para>
-#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:2008
+#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:2133
msgid "Ibid., 70."
msgstr ""
#. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><sect1><sect2><para>
-#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:1998
+#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:2120
msgid ""
"If you are successful in reaching more users, readers, listeners, or other "
"consumers of your work, you can start to benefit from the bandwagon effect. "
msgstr ""
#. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><sect1><sect2><title>
-#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:2013
+#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:2139
msgid "Use CC to get attribution and name recognition"
msgstr ""
#. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><sect1><sect2><para><footnote><para>
-#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:2027
+#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:2154
msgid ""
"James Surowiecki, The Wisdom of Crowds (New York: Anchor Books, 2005), 124. "
"Surowiecki says, <quote>The measure of success of laws and contracts is how "
msgstr ""
#. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><sect1><sect2><para>
-#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:2015
+#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:2141
msgid ""
"Every Creative Commons license requires that credit be given to the author, "
"and that reusers supply a link back to the original source of the material. "
msgstr ""
#. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><sect1><sect2><para>
-#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:2038
+#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:2166
msgid ""
"The fact that the name of the creator follows a CC-licensed work makes the "
"licenses an important means to develop a reputation or, in corporate speak, "
msgstr ""
#. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><sect1><sect2><para>
-#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:2052
+#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:2180
msgid ""
"Attribution can be about more than just receiving credit. It can also be "
"about establishing provenance. People naturally want to know where content "
msgstr ""
#. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><sect1><sect2><para>
-#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:2067
+#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:2195
msgid ""
"Knowing the source of a work is also critical to ensuring its credibility. "
"Just as a trademark is designed to give consumers a way to identify the "
msgstr ""
#. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><sect1><sect2><title>
-#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:2077
+#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:2205
msgid "Use CC-licensed content as a marketing tool"
msgstr ""
#. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><sect1><sect2><para>
-#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:2079
+#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:2207
msgid ""
"As we will cover in more detail later, many endeavors that are Made with "
"Creative Commons make money by providing a product or service other than the "
msgstr ""
#. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><sect1><sect2><para><footnote><para>
-#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:2101
+#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:2230
msgid "Anderson, Free, 44."
msgstr ""
#. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><sect1><sect2><para>
-#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:2088
+#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:2216
msgid ""
"Knowledge Unlatched’s Pinter told us she has seen time and again how "
"offering CC-licensed content—that is, digitally for free—actually increases "
msgstr ""
#. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><sect1><sect2><para>
-#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:2105
+#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:2235
msgid ""
"In some cases, endeavors that are Made with Creative Commons do not even "
"need dedicated marketing teams or marketing budgets. Cards Against Humanity "
msgstr ""
#. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><sect1><sect2><title>
-#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:2122
+#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:2252
msgid "Use CC to enable hands-on engagement with your work"
msgstr ""
#. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><sect1><sect2><para>
-#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:2125
+#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:2255
msgid ""
"The great promise of Creative Commons licensing is that it signifies an "
"embrace of remix culture. Indeed, this is the great promise of digital "
msgstr ""
#. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><sect1><sect2><para><footnote><para>
-#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:2139
+#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:2270
msgid "Osterwalder and Pigneur, Business Model Generation, 23."
msgstr ""
#. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><sect1><sect2><para>
-#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:2132
+#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:2262
msgid ""
"Four of the six CC licenses enable reusers to take apart, build upon, or "
"otherwise adapt the work. Depending on the context, adaptation can mean "
msgstr ""
#. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><sect1><sect2><para><footnote><para>
-#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:2152
+#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:2285
msgid "Anderson, Free, 67."
msgstr ""
#. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><sect1><sect2><para><footnote><para>
-#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:2157
+#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:2292
msgid "Ibid., 58."
msgstr ""
#. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><sect1><sect2><para><footnote><para>
-#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:2160
+#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:2297
msgid "Anderson, Makers, 71."
msgstr ""
#. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><sect1><sect2><para><footnote><para>
-#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:2165
+#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:2304
msgid ""
"Clay Shirky, Cognitive Surplus: How Technology Makes Consumers into "
"Collaborators (London: Penguin Books, 2010), 78."
msgstr ""
#. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><sect1><sect2><para>
-#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:2147
+#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:2279
msgid ""
"This is a way to counteract a potential downside of the abundance of free "
"and open content described above. As Anderson wrote in Free, <quote>People "
msgstr ""
#. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><sect1><sect2><para><footnote><para>
-#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:2178
+#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:2319
msgid "Ibid., 21."
msgstr ""
#. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><sect1><sect2><para>
-#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:2171
+#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:2311
msgid ""
"Actively engaging with the content helps us avoid the type of aimless "
"consumption that anyone who has absentmindedly scrolled through their social-"
msgstr ""
#. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><sect1><sect2><title>
-#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:2184
+#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:2326
msgid "Use CC to differentiate yourself"
msgstr ""
#. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><sect1><sect2><para><footnote><para>
-#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:2193
+#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:2336
msgid "Doctorow, Information Doesn’t Want to Be Free, 43."
msgstr ""
#. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><sect1><sect2><para>
-#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:2186
+#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:2328
msgid ""
"Operating under a traditional copyright regime usually means operating under "
"the rules of establishment players in the media. Business strategies that "
msgstr ""
#. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><sect1><title>
-#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:2205
+#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:2349
msgid "Making Money"
msgstr ""
#. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><sect1><para><footnote><para>
-#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:2215
+#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:2360
msgid ""
"William Landes Foster, Peter Kim, and Barbara Christiansen, <quote>Ten "
"Nonprofit Funding Models,</quote> Stanford Social Innovation Review, Spring "
msgstr ""
#. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><sect1><para>
-#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:2207
+#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:2351
msgid ""
"Like any moneymaking endeavor, those that are Made with Creative Commons "
"have to generate some type of value for their audience or customers. "
msgstr ""
#. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><sect1><para><footnote><para>
-#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:2236
+#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:2383
msgid "Shirky, Cognitive Surplus, 111."
msgstr ""
#. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><sect1><para>
-#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:2228
+#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:2374
msgid ""
"Most who are Made with Creative Commons use a variety of methods to bring in "
"revenue, some market-based and some not. One common strategy is using grant "
msgstr ""
#. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><sect1><para>
-#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:2240
+#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:2388
msgid ""
"Our case studies explore in more detail the various revenue-generating "
"mechanisms used by the creators, organizations, and businesses we "
msgstr ""
#. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><sect1><sect2><title>
-#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:2249
+#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:2397
msgid "Market-based revenue streams"
msgstr ""
#. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><sect1><sect2><para><footnote><para>
-#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:2254
+#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:2403
msgid "Osterwalder and Pigneur, Business Model Generation, 30."
msgstr ""
#. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><sect1><sect2><para><footnote><para>
-#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:2261
+#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:2412
msgid ""
"Jim Whitehurst, The Open Organization: Igniting Passion and Performance "
"(Boston: Harvard Business Review Press, 2015), 202."
msgstr ""
#. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><sect1><sect2><para>
-#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:2251
+#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:2399
msgid ""
"In the market, the central question when determining how to bring in revenue "
"is what value people are willing to pay for.<placeholder type=\"footnote\" "
msgstr ""
#. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><sect1><sect2><para><footnote><para>
-#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:2277
+#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:2430
msgid "Anderson, Free, 71."
msgstr ""
#. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><sect1><sect2><para>
-#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:2267
+#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:2419
msgid ""
"In many ways, this is the way of the future for all content-driven "
"endeavors. In the market, value lives in things that are scarce. Because the "
msgstr ""
#. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><sect1><sect2><para><footnote><para>
-#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:2296
+#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:2451
msgid "Ibid., 231."
msgstr ""
#. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><sect1><sect2><para>
-#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:2286
+#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:2440
msgid ""
"Of course, this doesn’t mean that content-driven endeavors have no future in "
"the traditional marketplace. In Free, Anderson explains how when one product "
msgstr ""
#. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><sect1><sect2><para>
-#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:2300
+#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:2456
msgid ""
"In light of this reality, in some ways endeavors that are Made with Creative "
"Commons are at a level playing field with all content-based endeavors in the "
msgstr ""
#. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><sect1><sect2><para>
-#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:2309
+#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:2465
msgid ""
"For content creators and distributors, there are nearly infinite ways to "
"provide value to the consumers of your work, above and beyond the value that "
msgstr ""
#. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><sect1><sect2><para>
-#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:2316
+#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:2472
msgid "Here are the most common high-level categories."
msgstr ""
#. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><sect1><sect2><title>
-#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:2320
+#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:2476
msgid ""
"Providing a custom service to consumers of your work <emphasis>[MARKET-"
"BASED]</emphasis>"
msgstr ""
#. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><sect1><sect2><para><footnote><para>
-#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:2330
+#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:2487
msgid "Ibid., 97."
msgstr ""
#. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><sect1><sect2><para>
-#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:2323
+#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:2479
msgid ""
"In this age of information abundance, we don’t lack for content. The trick "
"is finding content that matches our needs and wants, so customized services "
msgstr ""
#. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><sect1><sect2><title>
-#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:2338
+#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:2496
msgid "Charging for the physical copy <emphasis>[MARKET-BASED]</emphasis>"
msgstr ""
#. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><sect1><sect2><para><footnote><para>
-#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:2345
+#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:2504
msgid "Anderson, Makers, 107."
msgstr ""
#. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><sect1><sect2><para>
-#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:2341
+#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:2499
msgid ""
"In his book about maker culture, Anderson characterizes this model as giving "
"away the bits and selling the atoms (where bits refers to digital content "
msgstr ""
#. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><sect1><sect2><title>
-#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:2369
+#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:2529
msgid "Charging for the in-person version <emphasis>[MARKET-BASED]</emphasis>"
msgstr ""
#. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><sect1><sect2><para>
-#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:2372
+#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:2532
msgid ""
"As anyone who has ever gone to a concert will tell you, experiencing "
"creativity in person is a completely different experience from consuming a "
msgstr ""
#. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><sect1><sect2><title>
-#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:2383
+#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:2543
msgid "Selling merchandise <emphasis>[MARKET-BASED]</emphasis>"
msgstr ""
#. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><sect1><sect2><para>
-#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:2386
+#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:2546
msgid ""
"In many cases, people who like your work will pay for products demonstrating "
"a connection to your work. As a child of the 1980s, I can personally attest "
msgstr ""
#. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><sect1><sect2><para><footnote><para>
-#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:2403
+#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:2564
msgid "Osterwalder and Pigneur, Business Model Generation, 89."
msgstr ""
#. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><sect1><sect2><para>
-#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:2393
+#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:2553
msgid ""
"Sometimes the way to find a market-based revenue stream is by providing "
"value to people other than those who consume your CC-licensed content. In "
msgstr ""
#. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><sect1><sect2><title>
-#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:2410
+#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:2572
msgid "Charging advertisers or sponsors <emphasis>[MARKET-BASED]</emphasis>"
msgstr ""
#. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><sect1><sect2><para><footnote><para>
-#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:2418
+#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:2581
msgid "Ibid., 92."
msgstr ""
#. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><sect1><sect2><para><footnote><para>
-#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:2422
+#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:2587
msgid "Anderson, Free, 142."
msgstr ""
#. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><sect1><sect2><para>
-#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:2413
+#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:2575
msgid ""
"The traditional model of subsidizing free content is advertising. In this "
"version of multi-sided platforms, advertisers pay for the opportunity to "
msgstr ""
#. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><sect1><sect2><title>
-#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:2431
+#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:2597
msgid "Charging your content creators <emphasis>[MARKET-BASED]</emphasis>"
msgstr ""
#. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><sect1><sect2><para>
-#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:2434
+#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:2600
msgid ""
"Another type of multisided platform is where the content creators themselves "
"pay to be featured on the platform. Obviously, this revenue stream is only "
msgstr ""
#. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><sect1><sect2><title>
-#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:2448
+#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:2614
msgid "Charging a transaction fee <emphasis>[MARKET-BASED]</emphasis>"
msgstr ""
#. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><sect1><sect2><para><footnote><para>
-#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:2453
+#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:2620
msgid "Osterwalder and Pigneur, Business Model Generation, 32."
msgstr ""
#. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><sect1><sect2><para>
-#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:2451
+#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:2617
msgid ""
"This is a version of a traditional business model based on brokering "
"transactions between parties.<placeholder type=\"footnote\" id=\"0\"/> "
msgstr ""
#. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><sect1><sect2><title>
-#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:2465
+#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:2633
msgid ""
"Providing a service to your creators <emphasis>[MARKET-BASED]</emphasis>"
msgstr ""
#. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><sect1><sect2><para>
-#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:2468
+#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:2636
msgid ""
"As mentioned above, endeavors can make money by providing customized "
"services to their users. Platforms can undertake a variation of this service "
msgstr ""
#. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><sect1><sect2><title>
-#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:2478
+#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:2646
msgid "Licensing a trademark <emphasis>[MARKET-BASED]</emphasis>"
msgstr ""
#. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><sect1><sect2><para>
-#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:2481
+#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:2649
msgid ""
"Finally, some that are Made with Creative Commons make money by selling use "
"of their trademarks. Well known brands that consumers associate with "
msgstr ""
#. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><sect1><sect2><title>
-#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:2493
+#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:2661
msgid "Reciprocity-based revenue streams"
msgstr ""
#. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><sect1><sect2><para>
-#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:2495
+#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:2663
msgid ""
"Even if we set aside grant funding, we found that the traditional economic "
"framework of understanding the market failed to fully capture the ways the "
msgstr ""
#. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><sect1><sect2><para>
-#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:2502
+#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:2670
msgid ""
"Rather than devising a scheme to get people to pay money in exchange for "
"some direct value provided to them, many of the revenue streams were more "
msgstr ""
#. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><sect1><sect2><para>
-#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:2515
+#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:2683
msgid ""
"This should be a familiar dynamic—it is the way you deal with your friends "
"and family. We give without regard for what and when we will get back. David "
msgstr ""
#. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><sect1><sect2><para><footnote><para>
-#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:2525
+#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:2694
msgid "Bollier, Think Like a Commoner, 150."
msgstr ""
#. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><sect1><sect2><para><footnote><para>
-#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:2529
+#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:2700
msgid "Ibid., 134."
msgstr ""
#. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><sect1><sect2><para>
-#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:2523
+#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:2691
msgid ""
"What is rare is to incorporate this sort of relationship into an endeavor "
"that also engages with the market.<placeholder type=\"footnote\" id=\"0\"/> "
msgstr ""
#. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><sect1><sect2><title>
-#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:2534
+#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:2706
msgid ""
"Memberships and individual donations <emphasis>[RECIPROCITY-BASED]</emphasis>"
msgstr ""
#. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><sect1><sect2><para>
-#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:2537
+#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:2709
msgid ""
"While memberships and donations are traditional nonprofit funding models, in "
"the Made with Creative Commons context, they are directly tied to the "
msgstr ""
#. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><sect1><sect2><title>
-#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:2553
+#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:2725
msgid "The pay-what-you-want model <emphasis>[RECIPROCITY-BASED]</emphasis>"
msgstr ""
#. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><sect1><sect2><para>
-#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:2556
+#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:2728
msgid ""
"In the pay-what-you-want model, the beneficiary of Creative Commons content "
"is invited to give—at any amount they can and feel is appropriate, based on "
msgstr ""
#. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><sect1><sect2><title>
-#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:2569
+#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:2741
msgid "Crowdfunding <emphasis>[RECIPROCITY-BASED]</emphasis>"
msgstr ""
#. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><sect1><sect2><para>
-#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:2572
+#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:2744
msgid ""
"Crowdfunding models are based on recouping the costs of creating and "
"distributing content before the content is created. If the endeavor is Made "
msgstr ""
#. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><sect1><sect2><para>
-#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:2590
+#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:2762
msgid ""
"Other types of crowdfunding rely on a sense of responsibility that a "
"particular community may feel. Knowledge Unlatched pools funds from major U."
msgstr ""
#. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><sect1><title>
-#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:2601
+#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:2773
msgid "Making Human Connections"
msgstr ""
#. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><sect1><para>
-#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:2603
+#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:2775
msgid ""
"Regardless of how they made money, in our interviews, we repeatedly heard "
"language like <quote>persuading people to buy</quote> and <quote>inviting "
msgstr ""
#. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><sect1><para>
-#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:2620
+#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:2792
msgid ""
"Nearly every endeavor we profiled relied, at least in part, on people being "
"invested in what they do. The closer the Creative Commons content is to "
msgstr ""
#. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><sect1><para>
-#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:2628
+#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:2800
msgid ""
"It took me a very long time to see how this avoidance of thinking about what "
"they do in pure market terms was deeply tied to being Made with Creative "
msgstr ""
#. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><sect1><para>
-#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:2633
+#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:2805
msgid ""
"I came to the research with preconceived notions about what Creative Commons "
"is and what it means to be Made with Creative Commons. It turned out I was "
msgstr ""
#. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><sect1><para>
-#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:2638
+#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:2810
msgid ""
"Obviously, being Made with Creative Commons means using Creative Commons "
"licenses. That much I knew. But in our interviews, people spoke of so much "
msgstr ""
#. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><sect1><para>
-#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:2649
+#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:2821
msgid ""
"Being Made with Creative Commons is not just about the simple act of "
"licensing a copyrighted work under a set of standardized terms, but also "
msgstr ""
#. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><sect1><para>
-#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:2663
+#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:2835
msgid ""
"The rest of this section will explore some of the common strategies that "
"creators, companies, and organizations use to remind us that there are "
msgstr ""
#. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><sect1><sect2><title>
-#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:2670
+#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:2842
msgid "Be human"
msgstr ""
#. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><sect1><sect2><para><footnote><para>
-#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:2674
+#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:2847
msgid ""
"Dan Ariely, Predictably Irrational: The Hidden Forces That Shape Our "
"Decisions, rev. ed. (New York: Harper Perennial, 2010), 109."
msgstr ""
#. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><sect1><sect2><para>
-#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:2672
+#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:2844
msgid ""
"Humans are social animals, which means we are naturally inclined to treat "
"each other well.<placeholder type=\"footnote\" id=\"0\"/> But the further "
msgstr ""
#. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><sect1><sect2><para><footnote><para>
-#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:2698
+#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:2873
msgid ""
"Austin Kleon, Show Your Work: 10 Ways to Share Your Creativity and Get "
"Discovered (New York: Workman, 2014), 93."
msgstr ""
#. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><sect1><sect2><para>
-#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:2685
+#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:2859
msgid ""
"To counteract the anonymous and impersonal tendencies of how we operate "
"online, individual creators and corporations who use Creative Commons "
msgstr ""
#. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><sect1><sect2><para>
-#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:2704
+#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:2880
msgid ""
"A critical component to doing this effectively is not worrying about being a "
"<quote>brand.</quote> That means not being afraid to be vulnerable. Amanda "
msgstr ""
#. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><sect1><sect2><para><footnote><para>
-#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:2725
+#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:2902
msgid "Kramer, Shareology, 76."
msgstr ""
#. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><sect1><sect2><para>
-#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:2717
+#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:2893
msgid ""
"This advice is probably even more important for businesses and organizations "
"because we instinctively conceive of them as nonhuman (though in the United "
msgstr ""
#. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><sect1><sect2><title>
-#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:2731
+#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:2909
msgid "Be open and accountable"
msgstr ""
#. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><sect1><sect2><para><footnote><para>
-#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:2740
+#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:2919
msgid "Palmer, Art of Asking, 252."
msgstr ""
#. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><sect1><sect2><para><footnote><para>
-#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:2745
+#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:2926
msgid "Whitehurst, Open Organization, 145."
msgstr ""
#. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><sect1><sect2><para>
-#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:2733
+#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:2911
msgid ""
"Transparency helps people understand who you are and why you do what you do, "
"but it also inspires trust. Max Temkin of Cards Against Humanity told us, "
msgstr ""
#. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><sect1><sect2><para><footnote><para>
-#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:2754
+#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:2937
msgid "Surowiecki, Wisdom of Crowds, 203."
msgstr ""
#. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><sect1><sect2><para><footnote><para>
-#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:2761
+#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:2946
msgid "Whitehurst, Open Organization, 80."
msgstr ""
#. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><sect1><sect2><para>
-#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:2749
+#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:2931
msgid ""
"Being accountable does not mean operating on consensus. According to James "
"Surowiecki, consensus-driven groups tend to resort to lowest-common-"
msgstr ""
#. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><sect1><sect2><title>
-#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:2769
+#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:2955
msgid "Design for the good actors"
msgstr ""
#. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><sect1><sect2><para><footnote><para>
-#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:2773
+#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:2960
msgid "Bollier, Think Like a Commoner, 25."
msgstr ""
#. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><sect1><sect2><para><footnote><para>
-#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:2778
+#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:2967
msgid "Ibid., 31."
msgstr ""
#. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><sect1><sect2><para>
-#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:2771
+#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:2957
msgid ""
"Traditional economics assumes people make decisions based solely on their "
"own economic self-interest.<placeholder type=\"footnote\" id=\"0\"/> Any "
msgstr ""
#. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><sect1><sect2><para><footnote><para>
-#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:2797
+#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:2988
msgid "Shirky, Cognitive Surplus, 112."
msgstr ""
#. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><sect1><sect2><para>
-#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:2791
+#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:2981
msgid ""
"The assumption that people will largely do the right thing can be a self-"
"fulfilling prophecy. Shirky wrote in Cognitive Surplus, <quote>Systems that "
msgstr ""
#. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><sect1><sect2><para><footnote><para>
-#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:2815
+#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:3008
msgid "Surowiecki, Wisdom of Crowds, 124."
msgstr ""
#. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><sect1><sect2><para>
-#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:2804
+#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:2996
msgid ""
"Rather than trying to exert control over people’s behavior, this mode of "
"operating requires a certain level of trust. We might not realize it, but "
msgstr ""
#. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><sect1><sect2><title>
-#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:2820
+#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:3014
msgid "Treat humans like, well, humans"
msgstr ""
#. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><sect1><sect2><para><footnote><para>
-#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:2825
+#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:3020
msgid "Kleon, Show Your Work, 127."
msgstr ""
#. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><sect1><sect2><para><footnote><para>
-#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:2833
+#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:3030
msgid "Palmer, Art of Asking, 121."
msgstr ""
#. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><sect1><sect2><para>
-#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:2822
+#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:3016
msgid ""
"For creators, treating people as humans means not treating them like fans. "
"As Kleon says, <quote>If you want fans, you have to be a fan first.</"
msgstr ""
#. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><sect1><sect2><para>
-#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:2837
+#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:3035
msgid ""
"The same idea goes for businesses and organizations. Rather than automating "
"its customer service, the music platform Tribe of Noise makes a point to "
msgstr ""
#. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><sect1><sect2><para><footnote><para>
-#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:2848
+#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:3047
msgid "Ariely, Predictably Irrational, 87."
msgstr ""
#. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><sect1><sect2><para><footnote><para>
-#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:2858
+#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:3059
msgid "Ibid., 105."
msgstr ""
#. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><sect1><sect2><para>
-#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:2843
+#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:3041
msgid ""
"When we treat people like humans, they typically return the gift in kind. "
"It’s called karma. But social relationships are fragile. It is all too easy "
msgstr ""
#. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><sect1><sect2><title>
-#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:2863
+#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:3065
msgid "State your principles and stick to them"
msgstr ""
#. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><sect1><sect2><para>
-#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:2865
+#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:3067
msgid ""
"Being Made with Creative Commons makes a statement about who you are and "
"what you do. The symbolism is powerful. Using Creative Commons licenses "
msgstr ""
#. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><sect1><sect2><para>
-#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:2877
+#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:3079
msgid ""
"The expression of your values doesn’t have to be implicit. In fact, many of "
"the people we interviewed talked about how important it is to state your "
msgstr ""
#. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><sect1><sect2><para><footnote><para>
-#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:2892
+#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:3095
msgid "Ibid., 36."
msgstr ""
#. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><sect1><sect2><para>
-#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:2888
+#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:3090
msgid ""
"When your end goal is not about making a profit, people trust that you "
"aren’t just trying to extract value for your own gain. People notice when "
msgstr ""
#. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><sect1><sect2><title>
-#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:2898
+#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:3102
msgid "Build a community"
msgstr ""
#. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><sect1><sect2><para><footnote><para>
-#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:2906
+#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:3111
msgid ""
"Jono Bacon, The Art of Community, 2nd ed. (Sebastopol, CA: O’Reilly Media, "
"2012), 36."
msgstr ""
#. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><sect1><sect2><para>
-#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:2900
+#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:3104
msgid ""
"Endeavors that are Made with Creative Commons thrive when community is built "
"around what they do. This may mean a community collaborating together to "
msgstr ""
#. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><sect1><sect2><para><footnote><para>
-#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:2922
+#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:3129
msgid "Palmer, Art of Asking, 98."
msgstr ""
#. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><sect1><sect2><para><footnote><para>
-#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:2929
+#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:3138
msgid "Whitehurst, Open Organization, 34."
msgstr ""
#. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><sect1><sect2><para>
-#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:2914
+#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:3120
msgid ""
"To be sustainable, though, you have to work to nurture community. People "
"have to care—about you and each other. One critical piece to this is "
msgstr ""
#. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><sect1><sect2><para><footnote><para>
-#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:2941
+#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:3152
msgid "Surowiecki, Wisdom of Crowds, 200."
msgstr ""
#. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><sect1><sect2><para><footnote><para>
-#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:2945
+#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:3158
msgid "Bollier, Think Like a Commoner, 29."
msgstr ""
#. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><sect1><sect2><para>
-#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:2933
+#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:3143
msgid ""
"Communities that collaborate together take deliberate planning. Surowiecki "
"wrote, <quote>It takes a lot of work to put the group together. It’s "
msgstr ""
#. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><sect1><sect2><para>
-#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:2951
+#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:3165
msgid ""
"Community takes work, but working together, or even simply being connected "
"around common interests or values, is in many ways what sharing is about."
msgstr ""
#. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><sect1><sect2><title>
-#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:2957
+#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:3171
msgid "Give more to the commons than you take"
msgstr ""
#. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><sect1><sect2><para><footnote><para>
-#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:2968
+#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:3183
msgid ""
"Giana Eckhardt and Fleura Bardhi, <quote>The Sharing Economy Isn’t about "
"Sharing at All,</quote> Harvard Business Review (website), January 28, 2015, "
msgstr ""
#. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><sect1><sect2><para><footnote><para>
-#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:2976
+#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:3193
msgid ""
"Lisa Gansky, The Mesh: Why the Future of Business Is Sharing, reprint with "
"new epilogue (New York: Portfolio, 2012)."
msgstr ""
#. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><sect1><sect2><para>
-#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:2959
+#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:3173
msgid ""
"Conventional wisdom in the marketplace dictates that people should try to "
"extract as much money as possible from resources. This is essentially what "
msgstr ""
#. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><sect1><sect2><para><footnote><para>
-#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:2992
+#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:3211
msgid ""
"David Lee, <quote>Inside Medium: An Attempt to Bring Civility to the "
"Internet,</quote> BBC News, March 3, 2016, <ulink url=\"http://www.bbc.com/"
msgstr ""
#. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><sect1><sect2><para>
-#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:2982
+#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:3200
msgid ""
"Sharing requires adding as much or more value to the ecosystem than you "
"take. You can’t simply treat open content as a free pool of resources from "
msgstr ""
#. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><sect1><sect2><para>
-#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:3001
+#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:3221
msgid ""
"In all cases, it is important to openly acknowledge the amount of value you "
"add versus that which you draw on that was created by others. Being "
msgstr ""
#. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><sect1><sect2><title>
-#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:3012
+#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:3232
msgid "Involve people in what you do"
msgstr ""
#. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><sect1><sect2><para><footnote><para>
-#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:3017
+#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:3238
msgid "Anderson, Makers, 148."
msgstr ""
#. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><sect1><sect2><para><footnote><para>
-#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:3021
+#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:3244
msgid "Shirky, Cognitive Surplus, 164."
msgstr ""
#. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><sect1><sect2><para><footnote><para>
-#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:3028
-#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:3092
+#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:3253
+#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:3329
msgid "Whitehurst, foreword to Open Organization."
msgstr ""
#. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><sect1><sect2><para>
-#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:3014
+#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:3234
msgid ""
"Thanks to the Internet, we can tap into the talents and expertise of people "
"around the globe. Chris Anderson calls it the Long Tail of talent."
msgstr ""
#. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><sect1><sect2><para><footnote><para>
-#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:3041
+#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:3268
msgid "Shirky, Cognitive Surplus, 144."
msgstr ""
#. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><sect1><sect2><para>
-#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:3032
+#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:3258
msgid ""
"As the success of Wikipedia demonstrates, editing an online encyclopedia is "
"exactly the sort of activity that is perfect for massive co-creation because "
msgstr ""
#. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><sect1><sect2><para><quote><footnote><para>
-#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:3053
+#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:3282
msgid "Ibid., 154."
msgstr ""
#. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><sect1><sect2><para><footnote><para>
-#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:3065
+#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:3296
msgid "Palmer, Art of Asking, 163."
msgstr ""
#. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><sect1><sect2><para>
-#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:3045
+#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:3273
msgid ""
"It is easy to romanticize the opportunities for global cocreation made "
"possible by the Internet, and, indeed, the successful examples of it are "
"individual creators, where the creative work is the basis for what they do, "
"community cocreation is only rarely a part of the picture. Even musician "
"Amanda Palmer, who is famous for her openness and involvement with her fans, "
-"said, “The only department where I wasn’t open to input was the writing, the "
-"
music itself.</quote><placeholder type=\"footnote\" id=\"1\"/>"
+"said,</quote>The only department where I wasn’t open to input was the "
+"
writing, the music itself.\"<placeholder type=\"footnote\" id=\"1\"/>"
msgstr ""
#. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><sect1><sect2><para><footnote><para>
-#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:3076
+#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:3309
msgid "Anderson, Makers, 173."
msgstr ""
#. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><sect1><sect2><para><footnote><para>
-#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:3083
+#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:3318
msgid ""
"Tom Kelley and David Kelley, Creative Confidence: Unleashing the Potential "
"within Us All (New York: Crown, 2013), 82."
msgstr ""
#. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><sect1><sect2><para>
-#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:3069
+#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:3301
msgid ""
"While we tend to immediately think of cocreation and remixing when we hear "
"the word collaboration, you can also involve others in your creative process "
msgstr ""
#. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><sect1><sect2><para><footnote><para>
-#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:3100
+#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:3339
msgid ""
"Rachel Botsman and Roo Rogers, What’s Mine Is Yours: The Rise of "
"Collaborative Consumption (New York: Harper Business, 2010), 188."
msgstr ""
#. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><sect1><sect2><para>
-#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:3089
+#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:3325
msgid ""
"There is no one way to involve people in what you do. They key is finding a "
"way for people to contribute on their terms, compelled by their own "
msgstr ""
#. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><title>
-#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:3109
+#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:3350
#, fuzzy
#| msgid "Made With Creative Commons"
msgid "The Creative Commons Licenses"
msgstr "Gemacht Mit Creative Commons"
#. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para>
-#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:3111
+#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:3352
msgid ""
"All of the Creative Commons licenses grant a basic set of permissions. At a "
"minimum, a CC- licensed work can be copied and shared in its original form "
msgstr ""
#. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para>
-#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:3125
+#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:3366
msgid "Here are the six licenses:"
msgstr ""
#. type: Attribute 'fileref' of: <book><part><chapter><para><inlinemediaobject><imageobject><imagedata>
-#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:3130
+#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:3371
msgid "Pictures/10000201000001930000008D83BF99FC0821C489.png"
msgstr ""
#. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para>
-#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:3128
-#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:3142
-#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:3158
-#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:3170
-#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:3183
-#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:3196
-#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:3216
-#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:3228
+#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:3369
+#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:3383
+#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:3399
+#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:3411
+#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:3424
+#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:3437
+#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:3457
+#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:3469
msgid "<placeholder type=\"inlinemediaobject\" id=\"0\"/>"
msgstr ""
#. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para>
-#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:3135
+#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:3376
msgid ""
"The Attribution license (CC BY) lets others distribute, remix, tweak, and "
"build upon your work, even commercially, as long as they credit you for the "
msgstr ""
#. type: Attribute 'fileref' of: <book><part><chapter><para><inlinemediaobject><imageobject><imagedata>
-#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:3144
+#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:3385
msgid "Pictures/10000201000001930000008DFD3592CB17C4EC38.png"
msgstr ""
#. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para>
-#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:3149
+#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:3390
msgid ""
"The Attribution-Share-Alike license (CC BY-SA) lets others remix, tweak, and "
"build upon your work, even for commercial purposes, as long as they credit "
msgstr ""
#. type: Attribute 'fileref' of: <book><part><chapter><para><inlinemediaobject><imageobject><imagedata>
-#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:3160
+#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:3401
msgid "Pictures/10000201000001930000008D254882DE24793FEA.png"
msgstr ""
#. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para>
-#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:3165
+#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:3406
msgid ""
"The Attribution-NoDerivs license (CC BY-ND) allows for redistribution, "
"commercial and noncommercial, as long as it is passed along unchanged with "
msgstr ""
#. type: Attribute 'fileref' of: <book><part><chapter><para><inlinemediaobject><imageobject><imagedata>
-#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:3172
+#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:3413
msgid "Pictures/10000201000001930000008DCAF78FB61D1CBDA6.png"
msgstr ""
#. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para>
-#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:3177
+#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:3418
msgid ""
"The Attribution-NonCommercial license (CC BY-NC) lets others remix, tweak, "
"and build upon your work noncommercially. Although their new works must also "
msgstr ""
#. type: Attribute 'fileref' of: <book><part><chapter><para><inlinemediaobject><imageobject><imagedata>
-#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:3185
+#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:3426
msgid "Pictures/10000201000001930000008D16DA603376395620.png"
msgstr ""
#. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para>
-#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:3190
+#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:3431
msgid ""
"The Attribution-NonCommercial-ShareAlike license (CC BY-NC-SA) lets others "
"remix, tweak, and build upon your work noncommercially, as long as they "
msgstr ""
#. type: Attribute 'fileref' of: <book><part><chapter><para><inlinemediaobject><imageobject><imagedata>
-#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:3198
+#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:3439
msgid "Pictures/10000201000001930000008DC3FEF92B21310965.png"
msgstr ""
#. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para>
-#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:3203
+#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:3444
msgid ""
"The Attribution-NonCommercial-NoDerivs license (CC BY-NC-ND) is the most "
"restrictive of our six main licenses, only allowing others to download your "
msgstr ""
#. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para>
-#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:3210
+#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:3451
msgid ""
"In addition to these six licenses, Creative Commons has two public-domain "
"tools—one for creators and the other for those who manage collections of "
msgstr ""
#. type: Attribute 'fileref' of: <book><part><chapter><para><inlinemediaobject><imageobject><imagedata>
-#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:3218
+#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:3459
msgid "Pictures/10000201000001900000008DBE3414994CD27786.png"
msgstr ""
#. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para>
-#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:3223
+#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:3464
msgid ""
"CC0 enables authors and copyright owners to dedicate their works to the "
"worldwide public domain (<quote>no rights reserved</quote>)."
msgstr ""
#. type: Attribute 'fileref' of: <book><part><chapter><para><inlinemediaobject><imageobject><imagedata>
-#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:3230
+#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:3471
msgid "Pictures/10000201000001900000008D36DCD649C5B1411F.png"
msgstr ""
#. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para>
-#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:3235
+#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:3476
msgid ""
"The Creative Commons Public Domain Mark facilitates the labeling and "
"discovery of works that are already free of known copyright restrictions."
msgstr ""
#. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para>
-#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:3240
+#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:3481
msgid ""
"In our case studies, some use just one Creative Commons license, others use "
"several. Attribution (found in thirteen case studies) and Attribution-"
msgstr ""
#. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para>
-#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:3251
+#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:3492
msgid ""
"There is a popular misconception that the three NonCommercial licenses "
"offered by CC are the only options for those who want to make money off "
msgstr ""
#. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para>
-#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:3265
+#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:3506
msgid ""
"The decision to choose a NonCommercial and/or NoDerivs license comes down to "
"how much you need to retain control over the creative work. The "
msgstr ""
#. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para>
-#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:3278
+#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:3519
msgid ""
"Other times the decision to use a more restrictive license is due to a "
"concern about the integrity of the work. For example, the nonprofit "
msgstr ""
#. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para>
-#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:3285
+#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:3526
msgid ""
"There is no one right way. The NonCommercial and NoDerivs restrictions "
"reflect the values and preferences of creators about how their creative work "
msgstr ""
#. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para>
-#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:3297
+#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:3538
msgid "Note"
msgstr ""
#. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para>
-#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:3300
+#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:3541
msgid ""
"For more about the licenses including examples and tips on sharing your work "
"in the digital commons, start with the Creative Commons page called "
-"<quote>Share Your Work</quote> at <ulink url=\"http://creativecommons.org/"
-"share-your-work/\"/>."
+"<quote>Share Your Work</quote> at"
+msgstr ""
+
+#. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para>
+#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:3546
+msgid "<ulink url=\"http://creativecommons.org/share-your-work/\"/>."
msgstr ""
#. type: Content of: <book><part><title>
-#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:3308
+#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:3551
msgid "The Case Studies"
msgstr ""
#. type: Content of: <book><part><partintro><para>
-#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:3311
+#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:3552
msgid ""
"The twenty-four case studies in this section were chosen from hundreds of "
"nominations received from Kickstarter backers, Creative Commons staff, and "
msgstr ""
#. type: Content of: <book><part><partintro><para>
-#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:3321
+#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:3561
msgid ""
"We did background research and conducted interviews for each case study, "
"based on the same set of basic questions about the endeavor. The idea for "
msgstr ""
#. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><title>
-#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:3329
+#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:3570
msgid "Arduino"
msgstr ""
#. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><blockquote><para>
-#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:3332
+#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:3573
msgid ""
"Arduino is a for-profit open-source electronics platform and computer "
"hardware and software company. Founded in 2005 in Italy."
msgstr ""
#. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><blockquote><para>
-#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:3337
+#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:3578
msgid "<ulink url=\"http://www.arduino.cc\"/>"
msgstr ""
#. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><blockquote><para>
-#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:3339
+#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:3581
msgid ""
"<emphasis role=\"strong\">Revenue model</emphasis>: charging for physical "
"copies (sales of boards, modules, shields, and kits), licensing a trademark "
msgstr ""
#. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><blockquote><para>
-#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:3344
-#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:4195
+#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:3587
+#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:4468
msgid "<emphasis role=\"strong\">Interview date</emphasis>: February 4, 2016"
msgstr ""
#. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><blockquote><para>
-#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:3347
+#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:3591
msgid ""
"<emphasis role=\"strong\">Interviewees</emphasis>: David Cuartielles and Tom "
"Igoe, cofounders"
msgstr ""
#. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><blockquote><para>
-#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:3351
-#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:4202
-#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:4638
-#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:4880
-#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:5162
-#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:5472
-#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:5985
-#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:6239
-#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:6561
-#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:6913
-#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:7457
-#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:7741
-#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:8211
-#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:8992
+#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:3595
+#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:4476
+#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:4923
+#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:5184
+#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:5489
+#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:5815
+#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:6342
+#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:6612
+#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:6958
+#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:7330
+#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:7895
+#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:8191
+#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:8688
+#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:9498
msgid "Profile written by Paul Stacey"
msgstr ""
#. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para>
-#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:3355
+#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:3599
msgid ""
"In 2005, at the Interaction Design Institute Ivrea in northern Italy, "
"teachers and students needed an easy way to use electronics and programming "
msgstr ""
#. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para>
-#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:3369
+#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:3613
msgid ""
"Arduino boards are able to read inputs—light on a sensor, a finger on a "
"button, or a Twitter message—and turn it into outputs—activating a motor, "
msgstr ""
#. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para>
-#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:3378
+#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:3623
msgid ""
"<quote>The reasons for making Arduino open source are complicated,</quote> "
"Tom says. Partly it was about supporting flexibility. The open-source nature "
msgstr ""
#. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para>
-#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:3387
+#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:3632
msgid ""
"For Tom another factor was the impending closure of the Ivrea design school. "
"He’d seen other organizations close their doors and all their work and "
msgstr ""
#. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para>
-#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:3397
+#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:3642
msgid ""
"With the school closing, David and some of the other Arduino founders "
"started a consulting firm and multidisciplinary design studio they called "
msgstr ""
#. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para>
-#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:3406
+#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:3651
msgid ""
"For Tom, part of Arduino’s success is because the founders made themselves "
"the first customer of their product. They made products they themselves "
msgstr ""
#. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para>
-#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:3414
+#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:3659
msgid ""
"Arduino’s business model has evolved over time—and Tom says model is a "
"grandiose term for it. Originally, they just wanted to make a few boards and "
msgstr ""
#. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para>
-#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:3428
+#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:3673
msgid ""
"Arduino now has a worldwide community of makers—students, hobbyists, "
"artists, programmers, and professionals. Arduino provides a wiki called "
msgstr ""
#. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para>
-#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:3442
+#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:3687
msgid ""
"Transitioning Arduino from a project to a company was a big step. Other "
"businesses who made boards were charging a lot of money for them. Arduino "
msgstr ""
#. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para>
-#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:3450
+#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:3695
msgid ""
"For a business, getting to the end of the year and not being in the red is a "
"success. Arduino may have an open-licensing strategy, but they are still a "
msgstr ""
#. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para>
-#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:3458
+#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:3703
msgid ""
"While openly licensing the designs, documentation, and software ensures "
"longevity, it does have risks. There’s a possibility that others will create "
msgstr ""
#. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para>
-#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:3470
+#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:3715
msgid ""
"Tom and David say that a lot of people have built companies off of Arduino, "
"with dozens of Arduino derivatives out there. But in contrast to closed "
msgstr ""
#. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para><footnote><para>
-#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:3490
+#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:3737
msgid "<ulink url=\"http://www.arduino.cc/en/Main/Products\"/>"
msgstr ""
#. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para>
-#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:3481
+#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:3726
msgid ""
"Over time, the range of Arduino products has diversified, changing and "
"adapting to new needs and challenges. In addition to simple entry level "
msgstr ""
#. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para>
-#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:3493
+#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:3742
msgid ""
"Arduino’s focus is on high-quality boards, well-designed support materials, "
"and the building of community; this focus is one of the keys to their "
msgstr ""
#. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para>
-#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:3506
+#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:3755
msgid ""
"A key decision for Arduino was trademarking the name. The founders needed a "
"way to guarantee to people that they were buying a quality product from a "
msgstr ""
#. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para>
-#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:3518
+#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:3767
msgid ""
"Current official manufacturers are Smart Projects in Italy, SparkFun in the "
"United States, and Dog Hunter in Taiwan/China. These are the only "
msgstr ""
#. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para>
-#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:3528
+#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:3777
msgid ""
"How far to open things up wasn’t always something the founders perfectly "
"agreed on. David, who was always one to advocate for opening things up more, "
msgstr ""
#. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para><footnote><para>
-#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:3549
+#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:3800
msgid "<ulink url=\"http://blog.arduino.cc/2013/07/10/send-in-the-clones/\"/>"
msgstr ""
#. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para>
-#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:3537
+#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:3786
msgid ""
"David encourages people and businesses to start by sharing everything as a "
"default strategy, and then think about whether there is anything that really "
msgstr ""
#. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para>
-#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:3552
+#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:3805
msgid ""
"For David, an exciting aspect of Arduino is the way lots of people can use "
"it to adapt technology in many different ways. Technology is always making "
msgstr ""
#. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para>
-#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:3560
+#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:3813
msgid ""
"Arduino has been hugely successful in making technology and electronics "
"reach a larger audience. For Tom, Arduino has been about <quote>the "
msgstr ""
#. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para>
-#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:3568
+#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:3821
msgid ""
"Ultimately, for Arduino, going open has been good business—good for product "
"development, good for distribution, good for pricing, and good for "
msgstr ""
#. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><title>
-#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:3574
+#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:3828
msgid "Ártica"
msgstr ""
#. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><blockquote><para>
-#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:3577
+#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:3831
msgid ""
"Ártica provides online courses and consulting services focused on how to use "
"digital technology to share knowledge and enable collaboration in arts and "
msgstr ""
#. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><blockquote><para>
-#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:3582
+#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:3836
msgid "<ulink url=\"http://www.articaonline.com\"/>"
msgstr ""
#. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><blockquote><para>
-#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:3584
+#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:3839
msgid ""
"<emphasis role=\"strong\">Revenue model</emphasis>: charging for custom "
"services"
msgstr ""
#. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><blockquote><para>
-#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:3587
+#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:3843
msgid "<emphasis role=\"strong\">Interview date</emphasis>: March 9, 2016"
msgstr ""
#. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><blockquote><para>
-#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:3589
+#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:3846
msgid ""
"<emphasis role=\"strong\">Interviewees</emphasis>: Mariana Fossatti and "
"Jorge Gemetto, cofounders"
msgstr ""
#. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><blockquote><para>
-#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:3593
-#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:3784
-#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:3980
-#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:4401
-#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:5774
-#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:7225
-#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:8009
-#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:8537
-#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:8759
-#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:9230
+#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:3850
+#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:4045
+#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:4244
+#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:4683
+#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:6125
+#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:7653
+#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:8483
+#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:9034
+#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:9262
+#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:9748
msgid "Profile written by Sarah Hinchliff Pearson"
msgstr ""
#. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para>
-#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:3597
+#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:3854
msgid ""
"The story of Mariana Fossatti and Jorge Gemetto’s business, Ártica, is the "
"ultimate example of DIY. Not only are they successful entrepreneurs, the "
msgstr ""
#. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para>
-#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:3603
+#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:3860
msgid "Their dream jobs didn’t exist, so they created them."
msgstr ""
#. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para>
-#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:3606
+#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:3863
msgid ""
"In 2011, Mariana was a sociologist working for an international organization "
"to develop research and online education about rural-development issues. "
msgstr ""
#. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para>
-#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:3618
+#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:3875
msgid ""
"Ártica feels like a uniquely twenty-first century business. The small "
"company has a global online presence with no physical offices. Jorge and "
msgstr ""
#. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para>
-#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:3631
+#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:3888
msgid ""
"Ártica offers personalized education and consulting services, and helps "
"clients implement projects. All of these services are customized. They call "
msgstr ""
#. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para>
-#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:3642
+#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:3899
msgid ""
"When they started, they offered a smaller number of courses designed to "
"attract large audiences. <quote>Over the years, we realized that online "
msgstr ""
#. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para>
-#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:3651
+#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:3908
msgid ""
"Online courses are their biggest revenue stream, but they also do more than "
"a dozen consulting projects each year, ranging from digitization to event "
msgstr ""
#. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para>
-#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:3659
+#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:3916
msgid ""
"Ártica also seeks out public and private funding for specific projects. "
"Sometimes, even if they are unsuccessful in subsidizing a project like a new "
msgstr ""
#. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para>
-#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:3667
+#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:3924
msgid ""
"Ártica relies heavily on their free Creative Commons–licensed content to "
"attract new students and clients. Everything they create—online education, "
msgstr ""
#. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para>
-#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:3683
+#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:3940
msgid ""
"They also believe sharing their ideas and expertise openly helps them build "
"their reputation and visibility. People often share and cite their work. A "
msgstr ""
#. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para>
-#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:3691
+#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:3948
msgid ""
"This belief that openness creates new opportunities reflects another belief—"
"in serendipity. When describing their process for creating content, they "
msgstr ""
#. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para>
-#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:3702
+#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:3959
msgid ""
"Rather than planning their work in advance, they let their creative process "
"be dynamic. <quote>This doesn’t mean that we don’t need to work hard in "
msgstr ""
#. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para>
-#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:3712
+#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:3969
msgid ""
"People and relationships are also just as important, sometimes more. "
"<quote>In the educational and cultural business, it is more important to pay "
msgstr ""
#. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para>
-#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:3720
+#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:3977
msgid ""
"Ártica believes in the power of the network. They seek to make connections "
"with people and institutions across the globe so they can learn from them "
msgstr ""
#. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para>
-#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:3725
+#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:3982
msgid ""
"At the core of everything Ártica does is a set of values. <quote>Good "
"content is not enough,</quote> Jorge said. <quote>We also think that it is "
msgstr ""
#. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para>
-#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:3739
+#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:3996
msgid ""
"Of course, Ártica also has to make enough money to cover its expenses. Human "
"resources are, by far, their biggest expense. They tap a network of "
msgstr ""
#. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para>
-#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:3747
+#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:4005
msgid ""
"<quote>There are lots of people offering online courses,</quote> Jorge said. "
"<quote>But it is easy to differentiate us. We have an approach that is very "
msgstr ""
#. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para>
-#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:3755
+#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:4013
msgid ""
"In their work with younger artists, Mariana and Jorge try to emphasize that "
"this model of success is just as valuable as the picture of success we get "
msgstr ""
#. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><title>
-#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:3764
+#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:4022
msgid "Blender Institute"
msgstr ""
#. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><blockquote><para>
-#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:3767
+#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:4025
msgid ""
"The Blender Institute is an animation studio that creates 3-D films using "
"Blender software. Founded in 2006 in the Netherlands."
msgstr ""
#. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><blockquote><para>
-#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:3772
+#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:4030
msgid "<ulink url=\"http://www.blender.org\"/>"
msgstr ""
#. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><blockquote><para>
-#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:3774
+#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:4033
msgid ""
"<emphasis role=\"strong\">Revenue model</emphasis>: crowdfunding "
"(subscription-based), charging for physical copies, selling merchandise"
msgstr ""
#. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><blockquote><para>
-#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:3778
+#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:4038
msgid "<emphasis role=\"strong\">Interview date</emphasis>: March 8, 2016"
msgstr ""
#. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><blockquote><para>
-#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:3780
+#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:4041
msgid ""
"<emphasis role=\"strong\">Interviewee</emphasis>: Francesco Siddi, "
"production coordinator"
msgstr ""
#. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para>
-#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:3788
+#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:4049
msgid ""
"For Ton Roosendaal, the creator of Blender software and its related "
"entities, sharing is practical. Making their 3-D content creation software "
msgstr ""
#. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para>
-#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:3799
+#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:4060
msgid ""
"Each open-movie project Blender runs produces a host of openly licensed "
"outputs, not just the final film itself but all of the source material as "
msgstr ""
#. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para>
-#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:3809
+#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:4070
msgid ""
"Rather than just talking about the theoretical benefits of sharing and free "
"culture, Ton is very much about doing and making free culture. Blender’s "
msgstr ""
#. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para>
-#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:3816
+#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:4077
msgid ""
"Blender’s history begins in the late 1990s, when Ton created the Blender "
"software. Originally, the software was an in-house resource for his "
msgstr ""
#. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para>
-#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:3827
+#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:4088
msgid ""
"This was long before Kickstarter and other online crowdfunding sites "
"existed, but Ton ran his own version of a crowdfunding campaign and quickly "
msgstr ""
#. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para>
-#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:3840
+#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:4101
msgid ""
"Like any successful free and open-source software project, Blender developed "
"quickly because the community could make fixes and improvements. "
msgstr ""
#. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para>
-#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:3849
+#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:4110
msgid ""
"After a few years, Ton began looking for new ways to push development of the "
"software. He came up with the idea of creating CC-licensed films using the "
msgstr ""
#. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para>
-#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:3859
+#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:4120
msgid ""
"They turned to crowdfunding to subsidize the costs of the project. They had "
"about twenty people working full-time for six to ten months, so the costs "
msgstr ""
#. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para>
-#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:3869
+#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:4130
msgid ""
"The first film, which was released in 2006, was an experiment. It was so "
"successful that Ton decided to set up the Blender Institute, an entity "
msgstr ""
#. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para>
-#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:3877
+#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:4138
msgid ""
"Francesco said that, over time, the Blender Institute projects have gotten "
"bigger and more prominent. That means the filmmaking process has become more "
msgstr ""
#. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para>
-#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:3890
+#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:4151
msgid ""
"Blender has had a lot of success raising money from its community over the "
"years. In many ways, the pitch has gotten easier to make. Not only is "
msgstr ""
#. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para>
-#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:3899
+#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:4160
msgid ""
"While these benefits of each open-movie project make a compelling pitch for "
"crowdfunding campaigns, Francesco told us the Blender Institute has found "
msgstr ""
#. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para>
-#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:3908
+#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:4169
msgid ""
"To make their work more sustainable, they needed a way to receive ongoing "
"support rather than on a project-by-project basis. Their solution is Blender "
msgstr ""
#. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para>
-#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:3923
+#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:4184
msgid ""
"The continuous financial support provided by Blender Cloud subsidizes five "
"to six full-time employees at the Blender Institute. Francesco says their "
msgstr ""
#. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para>
-#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:3930
+#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:4191
msgid ""
"Blender Cloud is the primary revenue stream of the Blender Institute. The "
"Blender Foundation is funded primarily by donations, and that money goes "
msgstr ""
#. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para>
-#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:3939
+#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:4200
msgid ""
"Ton has worked on projects relating to his Blender software for nearly "
"twenty years. Throughout most of that time, he has been committed to making "
msgstr ""
#. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para>
-#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:3946
+#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:4207
msgid ""
"Since 2006, he has been making films available along with all of their "
"source material. He says he has hardly ever seen people stepping into "
msgstr ""
#. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para>
-#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:3956
+#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:4217
msgid "For Ton and Blender, it all comes back to doing."
msgstr ""
#. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><title>
-#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:3960
+#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:4221
msgid "Cards Against Humanity"
msgstr ""
#. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><blockquote><para>
-#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:3963
+#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:4224
msgid ""
"Cards Against Humanity is a private, for-profit company that makes a popular "
"party game by the same name. Founded in 2011 in the U.S."
msgstr ""
#. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><blockquote><para>
-#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:3968
+#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:4229
msgid "<ulink url=\"http://www.cardsagainsthumanity.com\"/>"
msgstr ""
#. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><blockquote><para>
-#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:3970
+#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:4232
msgid ""
"<emphasis role=\"strong\">Revenue model</emphasis>: charging for physical "
"copies"
msgstr ""
#. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><blockquote><para>
-#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:3973
+#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:4236
msgid "<emphasis role=\"strong\">Interview date</emphasis>: February 3, 2016"
msgstr ""
#. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><blockquote><para>
-#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:3976
+#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:4240
msgid "<emphasis role=\"strong\">Interviewee</emphasis>: Max Temkin, cofounder"
msgstr ""
#. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para>
-#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:3984
+#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:4248
msgid ""
"If you ask cofounder Max Temkin, there is nothing particularly interesting "
"about the Cards Against Humanity business model. <quote>We make a product. "
msgstr ""
#. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para>
-#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:3990
+#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:4254
msgid ""
"He is right. Cards Against Humanity is a simple party game, modeled after "
"the game Apples to Apples. To play, one player asks a question or fill-in-"
msgstr ""
#. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para>
-#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:4000
+#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:4264
msgid ""
"The revenue model is simple. Physical copies of the game are sold for a "
"profit. And it works. At the time of this writing, Cards Against Humanity is "
msgstr ""
#. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para>
-#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:4008
+#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:4272
msgid ""
"But Cards Against Humanity is also available for free. Anyone can download a "
"digital version of the game on the Cards Against Humanity website. More than "
msgstr ""
#. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para>
-#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:4014
+#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:4278
msgid ""
"The game is available under an Attribution-NonCommercial-ShareAlike license "
"(CC BY-NC-SA). That means, in addition to copying the game, anyone can "
msgstr ""
#. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para>
-#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:4022
+#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:4286
msgid ""
"All together, these factors—the crass tone of the game and company, the free "
-"download, the openness to fans remixing the game—give the game a massive "
-"cult following."
+"download, the"
+msgstr ""
+
+#. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para>
+#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:4290
+msgid "openness to fans remixing the game—give"
msgstr ""
#. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para>
-#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:4027
+#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:4293
+msgid "the game a massive cult following."
+msgstr ""
+
+#. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para>
+#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:4296
msgid ""
"Their success is not the result of a grand plan. Instead, Cards Against "
"Humanity was the last in a long line of games and comedy projects that Max "
msgstr ""
#. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para>
-#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:4040
+#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:4309
msgid ""
"The game caught on quickly, and it has only grown more popular over time. "
"Max says the eight founders never had a meeting where they decided to make "
msgstr ""
#. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para>
-#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:4046
+#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:4315
msgid ""
"But this tale of a <quote>happy accident</quote> belies marketing genius. "
"Just like the game, the Cards Against Humanity brand is irreverent and "
msgstr ""
#. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para>
-#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:4052
+#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:4321
msgid ""
"Like most quality satire, however, there is more to the joke than vulgarity "
"and shock value. The company’s marketing efforts around Black Friday "
msgstr ""
#. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para>
-#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:4065
+#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:4335
msgid ""
"<quote>We sweated it out the night before Black Friday, wondering if our "
"fans were going to hate us for it,</quote> he said. <quote>But it made us "
msgstr ""
#. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para>
-#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:4071
+#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:4341
msgid ""
"This sort of bold transparency delights the media, but more importantly, it "
"engages their fans. <quote>One of the most surprising things you can do in "
msgstr ""
#. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para>
-#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:4078
+#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:4348
msgid ""
"Max also likened it to a grand improv scene. <quote>If we do something a "
"little subversive and unexpected, the public wants to be a part of the joke."
msgstr ""
#. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para>
-#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:4086
+#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:4356
msgid ""
"This remarkable trust they have in their customers is what inspired their "
"decision to apply a Creative Commons license to the game. Trusting your "
msgstr ""
#. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para>
-#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:4099
+#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:4369
msgid ""
"Any successful product inspires its biggest fans to create remixes of it, "
"but unsanctioned adaptations are more likely to fly under the radar. The "
msgstr ""
#. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para>
-#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:4107
+#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:4377
msgid ""
"Max said, <quote>CC was a no-brainer for us because it gets the most people "
"involved. Making the game free and available under a CC license led to the "
msgstr ""
#. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para>
-#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:4114
+#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:4384
msgid ""
"Of course, there are limits to what the company allows its customers to do "
"with the game. They chose the Attribution-NonCommercial-ShareAlike license "
msgstr ""
#. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para>
-#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:4128
+#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:4398
msgid ""
"Just as there is more than meets the eye to the Cards Against Humanity "
"business model, the same can be said of the game itself. To be playable, "
msgstr ""
#. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para>
-#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:4139
+#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:4409
msgid ""
"That means cocreation with their fans really doesn’t work. The company has a "
"submission mechanism on their website, and they get thousands of "
msgstr ""
#. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para>
-#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:4150
+#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:4420
msgid ""
"For all of their success, the creators of Cards Against Humanity are only "
"partially motivated by money. Max says they have always been interested in "
msgstr ""
#. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para>
-#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:4157
+#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:4427
msgid ""
"In fact, the company has given more than $4 million to various charities and "
"causes. <quote>Cards is not our life plan,</quote> Max said. <quote>We all "
msgstr ""
#. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para>
-#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:4166
+#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:4436
msgid ""
"Seeing money as fuel rather than the ultimate goal is what has enabled them "
"to embrace Creative Commons licensing without reservation. CC licensing "
msgstr ""
#. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para>
-#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:4173
+#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:4444
msgid ""
"<quote>It’s not right for everyone to release everything under CC licensing,"
"</quote> Max said. <quote>If your only goal is to make a lot of money, then "
msgstr ""
#. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><title>
-#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:4181
+#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:4452
msgid "The Conversation"
msgstr ""
#. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><blockquote><para>
-#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:4184
+#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:4455
msgid ""
"The Conversation is an independent source of news, sourced from the academic "
"and research community and delivered direct to the public over the Internet. "
msgstr ""
#. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><blockquote><para>
-#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:4189
+#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:4460
msgid "<ulink url=\"http://theconversation.com\"/>"
msgstr ""
#. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><blockquote><para>
-#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:4191
+#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:4463
msgid ""
"<emphasis role=\"strong\">Revenue model</emphasis>: charging content "
"creators (universities pay membership fees to have their faculties serve as "
msgstr ""
#. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><blockquote><para>
-#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:4198
+#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:4472
msgid ""
"<emphasis role=\"strong\">Interviewee</emphasis>: Andrew Jaspan, founder"
msgstr ""
#. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para>
-#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:4206
+#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:4480
msgid ""
"Andrew Jaspan spent years as an editor of major newspapers including the "
"Observer in London, the Sunday Herald in Glasgow, and the Age in Melbourne, "
msgstr ""
#. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para>
-#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:4216
+#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:4490
msgid ""
"Around the time he left his job as editor of the Melbourne Age, Andrew "
"wondered where citizens would get news grounded in fact and evidence rather "
msgstr ""
#. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para>
-#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:4223
+#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:4497
msgid ""
"While at the Age, he’d become friends with a vice-chancellor of a university "
"in Melbourne who encouraged him to talk to smart people across campus—an "
msgstr ""
#. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para>
-#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:4244
+#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:4518
msgid ""
"Andrew believed he could to help connect academics back into the public "
"arena, and maybe help society find solutions to big problems. He thought "
msgstr ""
#. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para>
-#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:4257
+#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:4531
msgid ""
"The people he spoke to liked this idea, and Andrew embarked on raising money "
"and support with the help of the Commonwealth Scientific and Industrial "
msgstr ""
#. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para>
-#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:4270
+#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:4544
msgid ""
"The Conversation is founded on the belief that underpinning a functioning "
"democracy is access to independent, high-quality, informative journalism. "
msgstr ""
#. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para><footnote><para>
-#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:4283
+#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:4559
msgid "<ulink url=\"http://theconversation.com/us/charter\"/>"
msgstr ""
#. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para>
-#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:4281
+#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:4555
msgid ""
"Andrew worked hard to reinvent a methodology for creating reliable, credible "
"content. He introduced strict new working practices, a charter, and codes of "
msgstr ""
#. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para>
-#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:4296
+#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:4574
msgid ""
"Creative Commons help with these goals; articles are published with the "
"Attribution- NoDerivs license (CC BY-ND). They’re freely available for "
msgstr ""
#. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para>
-#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:4308
+#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:4586
msgid ""
"When readers come across the Conversation, they seem to like what they find "
"and recommend it to their friends, peers, and networks. Readership has "
msgstr ""
#. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para>
-#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:4316
+#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:4594
msgid ""
"It’s usual for the founders of any company to ask themselves what kind of "
"company it should be. It quickly became clear to the founders of the "
msgstr ""
#. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para>
-#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:4325
+#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:4603
msgid ""
"There are now different editions of the Conversation for Africa, the United "
"Kingdom, France, and the United States, in addition to the one for "
msgstr ""
#. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para>
-#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:4335
+#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:4613
msgid ""
"Additionally, each edition has its own set of founding partners, strategic "
"partners, and funders. They’ve received funding from foundations, "
msgstr ""
#. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para>
-#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:4344
+#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:4622
msgid ""
"When professors from member universities write an article, there is some "
"branding of the university associated with the article. On the Conversation "
msgstr ""
#. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para>
-#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:4352
+#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:4630
msgid ""
"Academics are not paid for their contributions, but they get free editing "
"from a professional (four to five hours per piece, on average). They also "
msgstr ""
#. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para>
-#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:4362
+#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:4640
msgid ""
"The Conversation plans to expand the dashboard to show not just reach but "
"impact. This tracks activities, behaviors, and events that occurred as a "
msgstr ""
#. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para>
-#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:4370
+#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:4648
msgid ""
"These reach and impact metrics show the benefits of membership. With the "
"Conversation, universities can engage with the public and show why they’re "
msgstr ""
#. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para>
-#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:4375
+#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:4653
msgid ""
"With its tagline, <quote>Academic Rigor, Journalistic Flair,</quote> the "
"Conversation represents a new form of journalism that contributes to a more "
msgstr ""
#. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><title>
-#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:4384
+#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:4663
msgid "Cory Doctorow"
msgstr ""
#. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><blockquote><para>
-#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:4387
+#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:4666
msgid ""
"Cory Doctorow is a science fiction writer, activist, blogger, and "
"journalist. Based in the U.S."
msgstr ""
#. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><blockquote><para>
-#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:4390
+#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:4670
msgid ""
"<ulink url=\"http://craphound.com\"/> and <ulink url=\"http://boingboing.net"
"\"/>"
msgstr ""
#. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><blockquote><para>
-#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:4393
+#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:4674
msgid ""
"<emphasis role=\"strong\">Revenue model</emphasis>: charging for physical "
"copies (book sales), pay-what-you-want, selling translation rights to books"
msgstr ""
#. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><blockquote><para>
-#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:4397
+#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:4679
msgid "<emphasis role=\"strong\">Interview date</emphasis>: January 12, 2016"
msgstr ""
#. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para>
-#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:4405
+#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:4687
msgid ""
"Cory Doctorow hates the term <quote>business model,</quote> and he is "
"adamant that he is not a brand. <quote>To me, branding is the idea that you "
msgstr ""
#. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para>
-#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:4414
+#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:4696
msgid ""
"Cory calls himself an entrepreneur. He likes to say his success came from "
"making stuff people happened to like and then getting out of the way of them "
msgstr ""
#. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para>
-#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:4419
+#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:4701
msgid ""
"He is a science fiction writer, activist, blogger, and journalist. "
"Beginning with his first novel, Down and Out in the Magic Kingdom, in 2003, "
msgstr ""
#. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para>
-#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:4430
+#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:4712
msgid ""
"Cory primarily makes money by selling physical books, but he also takes on "
"paid speaking gigs and is experimenting with pay-what-you-want models for "
msgstr ""
#. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para>
-#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:4435
+#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:4717
msgid ""
"While Cory’s extensive body of fiction work has a large following, he is "
"just as well known for his activism. He is an outspoken opponent of "
msgstr ""
#. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para>
-#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:4452
+#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:4734
msgid ""
"Cory has been financially successful, but money is not his primary "
"motivation. At the start of his book Information Doesn’t Want to Be Free, he "
msgstr ""
#. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para>
-#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:4466
+#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:4748
msgid ""
"Just as money is not his primary motivation to create, money is not his "
"primary motivation to share. For Cory, sharing his work with Creative "
msgstr ""
#. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para>
-#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:4476
+#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:4758
msgid ""
"He also feels like there is a solid commercial basis for licensing his work "
"with Creative Commons. While he acknowledges he hasn’t been able to do a "
msgstr ""
#. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para>
-#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:4486
+#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:4768
msgid ""
"Cory started using CC licenses soon after they were first created. At the "
"time his first novel came out, he says the science fiction genre was overrun "
msgstr ""
#. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para>
-#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:4499
+#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:4781
msgid ""
"Cory admits the stakes were pretty low for him when he first adopted "
"Creative Commons licenses. He only had to sell two thousand copies of his "
msgstr ""
#. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para>
-#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:4507
+#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:4789
msgid ""
"The bottom line, Cory says, is that no one has found a way to prevent people "
"from copying the stuff they like. Rather than fighting the tide, Cory makes "
msgstr ""
#. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para>
-#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:4515
+#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:4797
msgid ""
"Making his work available under Creative Commons licenses enables him to "
"view his biggest fans as his ambassadors. <quote>Being open to fan activity "
msgstr ""
#. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para>
-#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:4530
+#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:4812
msgid ""
"His first book was published under the most restrictive Creative Commons "
"license, Attribution-NonCommercial-NoDerivs (CC BY-NC-ND). It allows only "
msgstr ""
#. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para>
-#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:4545
+#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:4827
msgid ""
"In his book Information Doesn’t Want to Be Free, Cory likens his philosophy "
"to thinking like a dandelion. Dandelions produce thousands of seeds each "
msgstr ""
#. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para>
-#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:4560
+#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:4842
msgid ""
"Applying a CC license to his work increases the chances it will be shared "
"more widely around the Web. He avoids DRM—and openly opposes the practice—"
msgstr ""
#. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para>
-#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:4571
+#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:4853
msgid ""
"Cory operates under the premise that artists benefit when there are more, "
"rather than fewer, places where people can access their work. The Internet "
msgstr ""
#. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para>
-#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:4582
+#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:4864
msgid ""
"Cory says his e-book sales have been lower than those of his competitors, "
"and he attributes some of that to the CC license making the work available "
msgstr ""
#. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para>
-#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:4593
+#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:4875
msgid ""
"Fans are particularly willing to pay when they feel personally connected to "
"the artist. Cory works hard to create that personal connection. One way he "
msgstr ""
#. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para>
-#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:4605
+#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:4887
msgid ""
"Cory’s realism about the difficulty of making a living in the arts does not "
"reflect pessimism about the Internet age. Instead, he says the fact that it "
msgstr ""
#. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para>
-#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:4613
+#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:4895
msgid "It has never been easier to think like a dandelion."
msgstr ""
#. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><title>
-#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:4617
+#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:4899
msgid "Figshare"
msgstr ""
#. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><blockquote><para>
-#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:4620
+#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:4902
msgid ""
"Figshare is a for-profit company offering an online repository where "
"researchers can preserve and share the output of their research, including "
msgstr ""
#. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><blockquote><para>
-#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:4626
+#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:4908
msgid "<ulink url=\"http://figshare.com\"/>"
msgstr ""
#. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><blockquote><para>
-#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:4628
+#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:4911
msgid ""
"<emphasis role=\"strong\">Revenue model</emphasis>: platform providing paid "
"services to creators"
msgstr ""
#. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><blockquote><para>
-#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:4631
+#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:4915
msgid "<emphasis role=\"strong\">Interview date</emphasis>: January 28, 2016"
msgstr ""
#. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><blockquote><para>
-#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:4634
+#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:4919
msgid "<emphasis role=\"strong\">Interviewee</emphasis>: Mark Hahnel, founder"
msgstr ""
#. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para>
-#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:4642
+#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:4927
msgid ""
"Figshare’s mission is to change the face of academic publishing through "
"improved dissemination, discoverability, and reusability of scholarly "
msgstr ""
#. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para>
-#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:4653
+#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:4938
msgid ""
"Figshare founder Mark Hahnel often gets asked: How do you make money? How do "
"we know you’ll be here in five years? Can you, as a for-profit venture, be "
msgstr ""
#. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para>
-#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:4658
+#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:4943
msgid ""
"Mark traces the origins of Figshare back to when he was a graduate student "
"getting his PhD in stem cell biology. His research involved working with "
msgstr ""
#. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para>
-#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:4667
+#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:4952
msgid ""
"Mark does not consider himself an advanced software programmer. "
"Fortunately, things like cloud-based computing and wikis had become "
msgstr ""
#. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para>
-#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:4674
+#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:4959
msgid ""
"There were two key needs: licenses to make the data citable, and persistent "
"identifiers— URL links that always point back to the original object "
msgstr ""
#. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para>
-#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:4680
+#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:4965
msgid ""
"Mark chose Digital Object Identifiers (DOIs) to meet the need for a "
"persistent identifier. In the DOI system, an object’s metadata is stored as "
msgstr ""
#. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para>
-#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:4689
+#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:4974
msgid ""
"As for licenses, Mark chose Creative Commons. The open-access and open-"
"science communities were already using and recommending Creative Commons. "
msgstr ""
#. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para>
-#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:4697
+#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:4982
msgid ""
"So Mark began using DOIs and Creative Commons for his own research work. He "
"had a science blog where he wrote about it and made all his data open. "
msgstr ""
#. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para>
-#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:4703
+#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:4988
msgid ""
"People liked the interface and simple upload process. People started asking "
"if they could also share theses, grant proposals, and code. Inclusion of "
msgstr ""
#. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para>
-#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:4711
+#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:4996
msgid ""
"Mark sought investment to make this into a scalable product. After a few "
"unsuccessful funding pitches, UK-based Digital Science expressed interest "
msgstr ""
#. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para>
-#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:4718
+#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:5003
msgid ""
"Under the freemium model, academics upload their research to Figshare for "
"storage and sharing for free. Each research object is licensed with Creative "
msgstr ""
#. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para>
-#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:4730
+#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:5015
msgid ""
"In January 2012, Figshare was launched. (The fig in Figshare stands for "
"figures.) Using investment funds, Mark made significant improvements to "
msgstr ""
#. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para>
-#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:4740
+#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:5025
msgid ""
"Figshare diversified its business model to include services for journals. "
"Figshare began hosting large amounts of data for the journals’ online "
"this functionality as part of their own infrastructure. Figshare-hosted data "
"also provides a link back to the article, generating additional click-"
"through and readership—a benefit to both journal publishers and "
-"researchers. Figshare now provides research-data infrastructure for a wide "
-"variety of publishers including Wiley, Springer Nature, PLOS, and Taylor and "
-"Francis, to name a few, and has convinced them to use Creative Commons "
-"licenses for the data."
+"researchers. Figshare now provides"
msgstr ""
#. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para>
-#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:4754
+#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:5036
+msgid ""
+"research-data infrastructure for a wide variety of publishers including "
+"Wiley, Springer Nature, PLOS, and Taylor and Francis, to name a few, and has "
+"convinced them to use Creative Commons licenses for the data."
+msgstr ""
+
+#. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para>
+#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:5042
msgid ""
"Governments allocate significant public funds to research. In parallel with "
"the launch of Figshare, governments around the world began requesting the "
msgstr ""
#. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para>
-#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:4764
+#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:5052
msgid ""
"Figshare now offers a range of fee-based services to institutions, including "
"their own minibranded Figshare space (called Figshare for Institutions) that "
msgstr ""
#. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para>
-#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:4774
+#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:5062
msgid ""
"As with researchers and publishers, Fig-share encouraged institutions to "
"share their research with CC BY (Attribution) and their data with CC0 (into "
msgstr ""
#. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para>
-#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:4787
+#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:5075
msgid ""
"For Mark this created a conflict. On the one hand, the principles and "
"benefits of open science are at the heart of Figshare, and Mark believes CC "
msgstr ""
#. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para>
-#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:4797
+#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:5085
msgid ""
"Mark is thinking of doing a Figshare study that tracks research "
"dissemination according to Creative Commons license, and gathering metrics "
msgstr ""
#. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para><footnote><para>
-#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:4810
+#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:5100
msgid ""
"<ulink url=\"http://figshare.com/articles/"
"Journal_subscription_costs_FOIs_to_UK_universities/1186832\"/>"
msgstr ""
#. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para><footnote><para>
-#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:4813
+#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:5107
msgid ""
"<ulink url=\"http://retr0.shinyapps.io/journal_costs/?year=2014&"
"inst=19,22,38,42,59,64,80,95,136\"/>"
msgstr ""
#. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para>
-#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:4805
+#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:5093
msgid ""
"Figshare has an Application Programming Interface (API) that makes it "
"possible for data to be pulled from Figshare and used in other applications. "
msgstr ""
#. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para>
-#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:4816
+#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:5112
msgid ""
"The free version of Figshare has built a community of academics, who through "
"word of mouth and presentations have promoted and spread awareness of "
msgstr ""
#. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para><footnote><para>
-#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:4831
+#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:5129
msgid "<ulink url=\"http://figshare.com/features\"/>"
msgstr ""
#. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para>
-#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:4827
+#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:5123
msgid ""
"Mark says his success is partly about being in the right place at the right "
"time. He also believes that the diversification of Figshare’s model over "
msgstr ""
#. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para>
-#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:4838
+#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:5138
msgid ""
"Today Figshare has 26 million–plus page views, 7.5 million–plus downloads, "
"800,000–plus user uploads, 2 million–plus articles, 500,000-plus "
msgstr ""
#. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para>
-#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:4846
+#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:5146
msgid ""
"Figshare uses the revenue it generates from the premium subscribers, journal "
"publishers, and institutions to fund and expand what it can offer to "
msgstr ""
#. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><title>
-#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:4861
+#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:5162
msgid "Figure.NZ"
msgstr ""
#. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><blockquote><para>
-#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:4864
+#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:5165
msgid ""
"Figure.NZ is a nonprofit charity that makes an online data platform designed "
"to make data reusable and easy to understand. Founded in 2012 in New "
msgstr ""
#. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><blockquote><para>
-#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:4869
+#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:5170
msgid "<ulink url=\"http://figure.nz\"/>"
msgstr ""
#. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><blockquote><para>
-#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:4871
+#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:5173
msgid ""
"<emphasis role=\"strong\">Revenue model</emphasis>: platform providing paid "
"services to creators, donations, sponsorships"
msgstr ""
#. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><blockquote><para>
-#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:4874
+#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:5177
msgid "<emphasis role=\"strong\">Interview date</emphasis>: May 3, 2016"
msgstr ""
#. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><blockquote><para>
-#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:4876
+#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:5180
msgid ""
"<emphasis role=\"strong\">Interviewee</emphasis>: Lillian Grace, founder"
msgstr ""
#. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para><footnote><para>
-#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:4885
+#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:5191
msgid ""
"<ulink url=\"http://www.nzdatafutures.org.nz/sites/default/files/"
"NZDFF_harness-the-power.pdf\"/>"
msgstr ""
#. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para>
-#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:4884
+#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:5188
msgid ""
"In the paper Harnessing the Economic and Social Power of Data presented at "
"the New Zealand Data Futures Forum in 2014,<placeholder type=\"footnote\" id="
msgstr ""
#. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para>
-#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:4903
+#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:5211
msgid ""
"Lillian had the idea for Figure.NZ in February 2012 while working for the "
"New Zealand Institute, a think tank concerned with improving economic "
msgstr ""
#. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para>
-#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:4914
+#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:5222
msgid ""
"Lillian began to imagine a website that lifted data up to a visual form that "
"could be easily understood and freely accessed. Initially launched as Wiki "
msgstr ""
#. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para>
-#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:4928
+#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:5236
msgid ""
"Here’s how it works. Figure.NZ sources data from other organizations, "
"including corporations, public repositories, government departments, and "
msgstr ""
#. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para><footnote><para>
-#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:4954
+#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:5264
msgid ""
"<ulink url=\"http://www.ict.govt.nz/guidance-and-resources/open-government/"
"new-zealand-government-open-access-and-licensing-nzgoal-framework/\"/>"
msgstr ""
#. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para>
-#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:4945
+#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:5253
msgid ""
"Lillian characterizes the initial decision to use Creative Commons as "
"naively fortunate. It was first recommended to her by a colleague. Lillian "
msgstr ""
#. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para>
-#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:4961
+#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:5273
msgid ""
"Lillian thinks current ideas of what a business is are relatively new, only "
"a hundred years old or so. She’s convinced that twenty years from now, we "
msgstr ""
#. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para>
-#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:4974
+#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:5286
msgid ""
"Although Figure.NZ is a social enterprise that openly licenses their data "
"and graphs for everyone to use for free, they have taken care not to be "
msgstr ""
#. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para>
-#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:4993
+#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:5305
msgid ""
"Figure.NZ spends a lot of time seeking to understand the motivations of data "
"collectors and to identify the channels where it can provide value. Every "
msgstr ""
#. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para>
-#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:4999
+#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:5311
msgid ""
"Figure.NZ has multiple lines of business. They provide commercial services "
"to organizations that want their data publicly available and want to use "
msgstr ""
#. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para>
-#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:5015
+#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:5327
msgid ""
"Lillian notes that the current state of most data is terrible and often not "
"well understood by the people who have it. This sometimes makes it difficult "
msgstr ""
#. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para><footnote><para>
-#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:5034
+#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:5348
msgid "<ulink url=\"http://figure.nz/business/\"/>"
msgstr ""
#. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para>
-#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:5029
+#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:5341
msgid ""
"A second line of business is what Figure.NZ calls partners. ASB Bank and "
"Statistics New Zealand are partners who back Figure.NZ’s efforts. As one "
msgstr ""
#. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para><footnote><para>
-#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:5037
+#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:5355
msgid "<ulink url=\"http://figure.nz/patrons/\"/>"
msgstr ""
#. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para>
-#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:5037
+#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:5353
msgid ""
"Figure.NZ also has patrons.<placeholder type=\"footnote\" id=\"0\"/> Patrons "
"donate to topic areas they care about, directly enabling Figure.NZ to get "
msgstr ""
#. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para>
-#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:5043
+#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:5363
msgid ""
"Figure.NZ also accepts philanthropic donations, which are used to provide "
"more content, extend technology, and improve services, or are targeted to "
msgstr ""
#. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para>
-#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:5049
+#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:5369
msgid ""
"Figure.NZ has morphed and grown over time. With data aggregation, curation, "
"and visualizing services all in-house, Figure.NZ has developed a deep "
msgstr ""
#. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para>
-#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:5061
+#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:5381
msgid ""
"Figure.NZ’s website displays visuals and data associated with a wide range "
"of categories including crime, economy, education, employment, energy, "
msgstr ""
#. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para>
-#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:5071
+#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:5391
msgid ""
"Figure.NZ believes data and visuals should be useful. They provide their "
"customers with a data collection template and teach them why it’s important "
msgstr ""
#. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para>
-#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:5085
+#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:5405
msgid ""
"Lillian has a deep and profound vision for Figure.NZ that goes well beyond "
-"simply providing open-data services. She says things are different now. “We "
+"simply providing open-data services. She says things are different now. \"We "
"used to live in a world where it was really hard to share information "
"widely. And in that world, the best future was created by having a few great "
"leaders who essentially had access to the information and made decisions on "
msgstr ""
#. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para>
-#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:5094
+#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:5415
msgid ""
-"“But now we live in a world where it’s really easy to share information "
+"\"But now we live in a world where it’s really easy to share information "
"widely and also to communicate widely. In the world we live in now, the best "
"future is the one where everyone can make well-informed decisions."
msgstr ""
#. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para>
-#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:5100
+#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:5421
msgid ""
-"“The use of numbers and data as a way of making well-informed decisions is "
+"\"The use of numbers and data as a way of making well-informed decisions is "
"one of the areas where there is the biggest gaps. We don’t really use "
"numbers as a part of our thinking and part of our understanding yet."
msgstr ""
#. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para>
-#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:5106
+#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:5427
msgid ""
-"“Part of the reason is the way data is spread across hundreds of sites. In "
+"\"Part of the reason is the way data is spread across hundreds of sites. In "
"addition, for the most part, deep thinking based on data is constrained to "
"experts because most people don’t have data literacy. There once was a time "
"when many citizens in society couldn’t read or write. However, as a society, "
msgstr ""
#. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para>
-#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:5117
+#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:5438
msgid ""
-"“Figure.NZ may be the first organization to assert that everyone can use "
+"\"Figure.NZ may be the first organization to assert that everyone can use "
"numbers in their thinking, and it’s built a technological platform along "
"with trust and a network of relationships to make that possible. What you "
"can see on Figure.NZ are tens of thousands of graphs, maps, and data."
msgstr ""
#. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para>
-#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:5124
+#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:5445
msgid ""
"<quote>Figure.NZ sees this as a new kind of alphabet that can help people "
"analyze what they see around them. A way to be thoughtful and informed about "
msgstr ""
#. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para>
-#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:5133
+#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:5454
msgid ""
"Lillian sees Figure.NZ’s model as having global potential. But for now, "
"their focus is completely on making Figure.NZ work in New Zealand and to get "
-"the <quote>network effect</quote>— users dramatically increasing value for "
-"themselves and for others through use of their service. Creative Commons is "
-"core to making the network effect possible."
+"the <quote>network effect</quote>—"
+msgstr ""
+
+#. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para>
+#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:5459
+msgid ""
+"users dramatically increasing value for themselves and for others through "
+"use of their service. Creative Commons is core to making the network effect "
+"possible."
msgstr ""
#. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><title>
-#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:5142
+#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:5466
msgid "Knowledge Unlatched"
msgstr ""
#. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><blockquote><para>
-#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:5145
+#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:5469
msgid ""
"Knowledge Unlatched is a not-for-profit community interest company that "
"brings libraries together to pool funds to publish open-access books. "
msgstr ""
#. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><blockquote><para>
-#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:5150
+#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:5474
msgid "<ulink url=\"http://knowledgeunlatched.org\"/>"
msgstr ""
#. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><blockquote><para>
-#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:5152
+#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:5477
msgid ""
"<emphasis role=\"strong\">Revenue model</emphasis>: crowdfunding "
"(specialized)"
msgstr ""
#. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><blockquote><para>
-#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:5155
+#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:5481
msgid "<emphasis role=\"strong\">Interview date</emphasis>: February 26, 2016"
msgstr ""
#. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><blockquote><para>
-#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:5158
+#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:5485
msgid ""
"<emphasis role=\"strong\">Interviewee</emphasis>: Frances Pinter, founder"
msgstr ""
#. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para>
-#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:5166
+#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:5493
msgid ""
"The serial entrepreneur Dr. Frances Pinter has been at the forefront of "
"innovation in the publishing industry for nearly forty years. She founded "
msgstr ""
#. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para>
-#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:5182
+#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:5509
msgid ""
"Dr. Pinter has been in academic publishing most of her career. About ten "
"years ago, she became acquainted with the Creative Commons founder Lawrence "
msgstr ""
#. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para>
-#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:5189
+#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:5516
msgid ""
"Not long after, she ran a project in Africa convincing publishers in Uganda "
"and South Africa to put some of their content online for free using a "
msgstr ""
#. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para>
-#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:5195
+#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:5522
msgid ""
"In 2008, Bloomsbury Academic, a new imprint of Bloomsbury Publishing in the "
"United Kingdom, appointed her its founding publisher in London. As part of "
msgstr ""
#. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para>
-#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:5212
+#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:5539
msgid ""
"Frances began to look at customer interest in the three forms of the book: "
"1) the Creative Commons–licensed free online book in PDF form, 2) the "
msgstr ""
#. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para>
-#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:5221
+#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:5548
msgid ""
"After a while, Frances had an epiphany—what if there was a way to get "
"libraries to underwrite the costs of making these books up until they’re "
msgstr ""
#. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para>
-#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:5230
+#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:5557
msgid ""
"This idea is similar to the article-processing charge some open-access "
"journals charge researchers to cover publishing costs. Frances began to "
msgstr ""
#. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para>
-#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:5238
+#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:5565
msgid ""
"This idea really took hold in her mind. She didn’t really have a name for it "
"but began talking about it and making presentations to see if there was "
msgstr ""
#. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para>
-#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:5249
+#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:5576
msgid ""
"She describes the business model in a paper called Knowledge Unlatched: "
"Toward an Open and Networked Future for Academic Publishing:"
msgstr ""
#. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><orderedlist><listitem><para>
-#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:5256
+#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:5583
msgid ""
"Publishers offer titles for sale reflecting origination costs only via "
"Knowledge Unlatched."
msgstr ""
#. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><orderedlist><listitem><para>
-#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:5262
+#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:5589
msgid ""
"Individual libraries select titles either as individual titles or as "
"collections (as they do from library suppliers now)."
msgstr ""
#. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><orderedlist><listitem><para>
-#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:5268
+#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:5595
msgid ""
"Their selections are sent to Knowledge Unlatched specifying the titles to be "
"purchased at the stated price(s)."
msgstr ""
#. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><orderedlist><listitem><para>
-#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:5274
+#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:5601
msgid ""
"The price, called a Title Fee (set by publishers and negotiated by Knowledge "
"Unlatched), is paid to publishers to cover the fixed costs of publishing "
msgstr ""
#. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><orderedlist><listitem><para>
-#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:5283
+#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:5610
msgid ""
"Publishers make the selected titles available Open Access (on a Creative "
"Commons or similar open license) and are then paid the Title Fee which is "
msgstr ""
#. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><orderedlist><listitem><para><footnote><para>
-#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:5293
+#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:5622
msgid "<ulink url=\"http://www.pinter.org.uk/pdfs/Toward_an_Open.pdf\"/>"
msgstr ""
#. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><orderedlist><listitem><para>
-#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:5290
+#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:5617
msgid ""
"Publishers make print copies, e-Pub, and other digital versions of selected "
"titles available to member libraries at a discount that reflects their "
msgstr ""
#. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para>
-#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:5298
+#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:5629
msgid ""
"The first round of this model resulted in a collection of twenty-eight "
"current titles from thirteen recognized scholarly publishers being "
msgstr ""
#. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para><footnote><para>
-#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:5309
+#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:5642
msgid ""
"<ulink url=\"http://collections.knowledgeunlatched.org/collection-"
"availability-1/\"/>"
msgstr ""
#. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para>
-#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:5308
+#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:5639
msgid ""
"The open-access, Creative Commons versions of these twenty-eight books are "
"still available online.<placeholder type=\"footnote\" id=\"0\"/> Most books "
msgstr ""
#. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para>
-#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:5319
+#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:5654
msgid ""
"There are three cost variables to consider for each round: the overall cost "
"incurred by the publishers, total cost for each library to acquire all the "
msgstr ""
#. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para>
-#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:5331
+#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:5666
msgid ""
"The second round, recently completed, unlatched seventy-eight books from "
"twenty-six publishers. For this round, Frances was experimenting with the "
msgstr ""
#. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para>
-#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:5346
+#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:5681
msgid ""
"The longest part of the whole process is getting libraries to pledge and "
"commit funds. It takes about five months, as library buy-in has to fit "
msgstr ""
#. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para>
-#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:5352
+#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:5687
msgid ""
"Knowledge Unlatched informs and recruits libraries through social media, "
"mailing lists, listservs, and library associations. Of the three hundred "
msgstr ""
#. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para>
-#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:5362
+#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:5697
msgid ""
"Knowledge Unlatched is scaling up, offering 150 new titles in the second "
"half of 2016. It will also offer backlist titles, and in 2017 will start to "
msgstr ""
#. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para>
-#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:5367
+#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:5702
msgid ""
"Knowledge Unlatched deliberately chose monographs as the initial type of "
"book to unlatch. Monographs are foundational and important, but also "
msgstr ""
#. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para>
-#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:5373
+#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:5708
msgid ""
"The cost for the publisher to get to a first digital copy of a monograph is "
"$5,000 to $50,000. A good one costs in the $10,000 to $15,000 range. "
msgstr ""
#. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para><footnote><para>
-#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:5390
+#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:5727
msgid ""
"<ulink url=\"http://www.knowledgeunlatched.org/featured-authors-section/\"/>"
msgstr ""
#. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para>
-#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:5383
+#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:5718
msgid ""
"Authors don’t generally make a lot of royalties from monographs. Royalties "
"range from zero dollars to 5 to 10 percent of receipts. The value to the "
msgstr ""
#. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para>
-#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:5393
+#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:5732
msgid ""
"Library budgets are constantly being squeezed, partly due to the inflation "
"of journal subscriptions. But even without budget constraints, academic "
msgstr ""
#. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para>
-#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:5404
+#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:5743
msgid ""
"Knowledge Unlatched offers libraries a compelling economic argument. Many of "
"the participating libraries would have bought a copy of the monograph "
msgstr ""
#. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para>
-#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:5412
+#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:5751
msgid ""
"Not only do the economics make sense, but there is very strong alignment "
"with library mandates. The participating libraries pay less than they would "
msgstr ""
#. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para>
-#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:5425
+#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:5764
msgid ""
"For publishers, authors, and librarians, the Knowledge Unlatched model for "
"monographs is a win-win-win."
msgstr ""
#. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para>
-#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:5429
+#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:5768
msgid ""
"In the first round, Knowledge Unlatched’s overheads were covered by grants. "
"In the second round, they aim to demonstrate the model is sustainable. "
msgstr ""
#. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para>
-#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:5440
+#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:5779
msgid ""
"Frances believes that Knowledge Unlatched is tapping into new ways of "
"valuing academic content. It’s about considering how many people can find, "
msgstr ""
#. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><title>
-#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:5452
+#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:5792
msgid "Lumen Learning"
msgstr ""
#. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><blockquote><para>
-#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:5455
+#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:5795
msgid ""
"Lumen Learning is a for-profit company helping educational institutions use "
"open educational resources (OER). Founded in 2013 in the U.S."
msgstr ""
#. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><blockquote><para>
-#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:5460
+#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:5800
msgid "<ulink url=\"http://lumenlearning.com\"/>"
msgstr ""
#. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><blockquote><para>
-#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:5462
+#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:5803
msgid ""
"<emphasis role=\"strong\">Revenue model</emphasis>: charging for custom "
"services, grant funding"
msgstr ""
#. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><blockquote><para>
-#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:5465
+#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:5807
msgid "<emphasis role=\"strong\">Interview date</emphasis>: December 21, 2015"
msgstr ""
#. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><blockquote><para>
-#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:5468
+#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:5811
msgid ""
"<emphasis role=\"strong\">Interviewees</emphasis>: David Wiley and Kim "
"Thanos, cofounders"
msgstr ""
#. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para><footnote><para>
-#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:5482
+#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:5827
msgid "<ulink url=\"http://lumenlearning.com/innovative-projects/\"/>"
msgstr ""
#. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para>
-#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:5476
+#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:5819
msgid ""
"Cofounded by open education visionary Dr. David Wiley and education-"
"technology strategist Kim Thanos, Lumen Learning is dedicated to improving "
msgstr ""
#. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para>
-#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:5499
+#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:5846
msgid ""
"David and Kim went back and forth on whether it should be a nonprofit or "
"for- profit. A nonprofit would make it a more comfortable fit with the "
msgstr ""
#. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para>
-#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:5509
+#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:5856
msgid ""
"But as a for-profit, they’d have to convince educational institutions to pay "
"for what Lumen had to offer. On the positive side, they’d have more control "
msgstr ""
#. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para>
-#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:5518
+#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:5865
msgid ""
"Right from the start, David and Kim positioned Lumen Learning as a way to "
"help institutions engage in open educational resources, or OER. OER are "
msgstr ""
#. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para>
-#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:5526
+#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:5873
msgid ""
"Originally, Lumen did custom contracts for each institution. This was "
"complicated and challenging to manage. However, through that process "
msgstr ""
#. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><itemizedlist><listitem><para>
-#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:5542
+#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:5889
msgid "replace expensive textbooks in high-enrollment courses with OER;"
msgstr ""
#. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><itemizedlist><listitem><para>
-#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:5548
+#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:5895
msgid ""
"provide enrolled students day one access to Lumen’s fully customizable OER "
"course materials through the institution’s learning-management system;"
msgstr ""
#. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><itemizedlist><listitem><para>
-#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:5555
+#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:5902
msgid ""
"measure improvements in student success with metrics like passing rates, "
"persistence, and course completion; and"
msgstr ""
#. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><itemizedlist><listitem><para>
-#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:5561
+#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:5908
msgid ""
"collaborate with faculty to make ongoing improvements to OER based on "
"student success research."
msgstr ""
#. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para>
-#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:5567
+#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:5914
msgid ""
"Lumen has developed a suite of open, Creative Commons–licensed courseware in "
"more than sixty-five subjects. All courses are freely and publicly available "
msgstr ""
#. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para>
-#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:5575
+#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:5922
msgid ""
"Then there are three types of bundled services that cost money. One option, "
"which Lumen calls Candela courseware, offers integration with the "
msgstr ""
#. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para>
-#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:5583
+#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:5930
msgid ""
"A second option is Waymaker, which offers the services of Candela but adds "
"personalized learning technologies, such as study plans, automated messages, "
msgstr ""
#. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para>
-#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:5590
+#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:5937
msgid ""
"The third and emerging line of business for Lumen is providing guidance and "
"support for institutions and state systems that are pursuing the development "
msgstr ""
#. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para>
-#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:5599
+#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:5946
msgid ""
"Lumen generates revenue by charging for their value-added tools and services "
"on top of their free courses, just as solar-power companies provide the "
msgstr ""
#. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para>
-#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:5616
+#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:5963
msgid ""
"In most cases, development of their courses is funded by the institution "
"Lumen has a contract with. When creating new courses, Lumen typically works "
msgstr ""
#. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para>
-#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:5627
+#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:5974
msgid ""
"Sometimes faculty like the existing OER but not the way it is presented. The "
"open licensing of existing OER allows Lumen to pick and choose from images, "
msgstr ""
#. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para>
-#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:5638
+#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:5985
msgid ""
"Using only OER made them experience firsthand how complex it could be to mix "
"differently licensed work together. A common strategy with OER is to place "
msgstr ""
#. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para>
-#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:5646
+#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:5993
msgid ""
"Remixing OER often results in multiple attributions on every page of every "
"course—text from one place, images from another, and videos from yet "
msgstr ""
#. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para>
-#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:5657
+#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:6004
msgid ""
"Lumen’s commitment to open licensing and helping low-income students has led "
"to strong relationships with institutions, open-education enthusiasts, and "
msgstr ""
#. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para>
-#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:5665
+#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:6012
msgid ""
"To manage demand and ensure the success of projects, their strategy is to be "
"proactive and focus on what’s going on in higher education in different "
msgstr ""
#. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para>
-#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:5678
+#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:6025
msgid ""
"As a business, Lumen is committed to openness. There are two core "
"nonnegotiables: Lumen’s use of CC BY, the most permissive of the Creative "
msgstr ""
#. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para>
-#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:5688
+#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:6035
msgid ""
"Openness also means that Lumen’s OER must necessarily be nonexclusive and "
"nonrivalrous. This represents several big challenges for the business model: "
msgstr ""
#. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para>
-#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:5698
+#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:6045
msgid ""
"In the OER sector, there are examples of corporations, and even "
"institutions, acting as free riders. Some simply take and use open resources "
msgstr ""
#. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para>
-#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:5707
+#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:6054
msgid ""
"Lumen does track institutions accessing and using their free content. They "
"proactively contact those institutions, with an estimate of how much their "
msgstr ""
#. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para>
-#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:5718
+#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:6065
msgid ""
"Lumen works hard to be a good corporate citizen in the OER community. For "
"David and Kim, a good corporate citizen gives more than they take, adds "
msgstr ""
#. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para>
-#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:5727
+#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:6074
msgid ""
"Licensing all the content they produce with CC BY is a key part of giving "
"more value than they take. They’ve also worked hard at finding the right "
msgstr ""
#. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para>
-#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:5733
+#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:6080
msgid ""
"As of the fall 2016 term, Lumen had eighty-six different open courses, "
"working relationships with ninety-two institutions, and more than seventy-"
msgstr ""
#. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para>
-#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:5745
+#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:6092
msgid ""
"In creating Lumen Learning, David and Kim say they’ve landed on solutions "
"they never imagined, and there is still a lot of learning taking place. For "
msgstr ""
#. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><title>
-#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:5756
+#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:6104
msgid "Jonathan Mann"
msgstr ""
#. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><blockquote><para>
-#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:5759
+#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:6107
msgid ""
"Jonathan Mann is a singer and songwriter who is most well known as the "
"<quote>Song A Day</quote> guy. Based in the U.S."
msgstr ""
#. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><blockquote><para>
-#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:5762
+#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:6111
msgid ""
"<ulink url=\"http://jonathanmann.net\"/> and <ulink url=\"http://"
"jonathanmann.bandcamp.com\"/>"
msgstr ""
#. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><blockquote><para>
-#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:5765
+#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:6115
msgid ""
"<emphasis role=\"strong\">Revenue model</emphasis>: charging for custom "
"services, pay-what-you-want, crowdfunding (subscription-based), charging for "
msgstr ""
#. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><blockquote><para>
-#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:5770
+#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:6121
msgid "<emphasis role=\"strong\">Interview date</emphasis>: February 22, 2016"
msgstr ""
#. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para>
-#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:5778
+#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:6129
msgid ""
"Jonathan Mann thinks of his business model as <quote>hustling</quote>—"
"seizing nearly every opportunity he sees to make money. The bulk of his "
msgstr ""
#. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para>
-#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:5790
+#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:6141
msgid ""
"His entrepreneurial spirit is coupled with a willingness to take action "
"quickly. A perfect illustration of his ability to act fast happened in 2010, "
msgstr ""
#. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para>
-#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:5801
+#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:6152
msgid ""
"Jonathan’s successful <quote>hustling</quote> is also about old-fashioned "
"persistence. He is currently in his eighth straight year of writing one song "
msgstr ""
#. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para>
-#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:5808
+#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:6159
msgid ""
"He fell into this role by, naturally, seizing a random opportunity a friend "
"alerted him to seven years ago—an event called Fun-A-Day, where people are "
msgstr ""
#. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para>
-#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:5818
+#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:6169
msgid ""
"He had a really good time doing the thirty-one-day challenge, so he decided "
"to see if he could continue it for one year. He never stopped. He has "
msgstr ""
#. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para>
-#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:5834
+#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:6185
msgid ""
"Over time, the song-a-day gig became the basis of his livelihood. In the "
"beginning, he made money one of two ways. The first was by entering a wide "
msgstr ""
#. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para>
-#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:5843
+#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:6194
msgid ""
"His website explains his gig as <quote>taking any message, from the super "
"simple to the totally complicated, and conveying that message through a "
msgstr ""
#. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para>
-#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:5852
+#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:6203
msgid ""
"Jonathan can’t recall when exactly he first learned about Creative Commons, "
"but he began applying CC licenses to his songs and videos as soon as he "
msgstr ""
#. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para>
-#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:5861
+#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:6212
msgid ""
"His songs are essentially marketing for his services, so obviously the "
"further his songs spread, the better. Using CC licenses helps grease the "
msgstr ""
#. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para>
-#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:5871
+#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:6222
msgid ""
"There are some people who cover his songs fairly regularly, and he would "
"never shut that down. But he acknowledges there is a lot more he could do to "
msgstr ""
#. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para>
-#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:5878
+#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:6229
msgid ""
"He does have a fan community he cultivates on Bandcamp, but it isn’t his "
"major focus. <quote>I do have a core audience that has stuck around for a "
msgstr ""
#. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para>
-#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:5888
+#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:6239
msgid ""
"Jonathan recognizes what comes naturally to him and leverages those skills. "
"Through the practice of daily songwriting, he realized he has a gift for "
msgstr ""
#. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para>
-#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:5900
+#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:6251
msgid ""
"When he is hired by a client to write a song, he first asks them to send a "
"list of talking points and other information they want to include in the "
"thing he tries to do is grok the core message and develop the chorus. Then "
"he looks for connections or parts he can make rhyme. The entire process "
"really does resemble good journalism, but of course the final product of his "
-"work is a song rather than news. <quote>There is something about being "
-"challenged and forced to take information that doesn’t seem like it should "
-"be sung about or doesn’t seem like it lends itself to a song,</quote> he "
-"said. <quote>I find that creative challenge really satisfying. I enjoy "
-"getting lost in that process.</quote>"
+"work is a song rather than news. \"There is something about being challenged "
+"and forced to take information that doesn’t seem like it should be sung about"
+msgstr ""
+
+#. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para>
+#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:6264
+msgid ""
+"or doesn’t seem like it lends itself to a song,\" he said. <quote>I find "
+"that creative challenge really satisfying. I enjoy getting lost in that "
+"process.</quote>"
msgstr ""
#. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para>
-#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:5916
+#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:6269
msgid ""
"Jonathan admits that in an ideal world, he would exclusively write the music "
"he wanted to write, rather than what clients hire him to write. But his "
msgstr ""
#. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para>
-#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:5923
+#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:6276
msgid ""
"Jonathan uses nearly every tool possible to make money from his art, but he "
"does have lines he won’t cross. He won’t write songs about things he "
msgstr ""
#. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para>
-#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:5935
+#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:6288
msgid ""
"Jonathan’s song-a-day commitment exemplifies the power of habit and grit. "
"Conventional wisdom about creative productivity, including advice in books "
msgstr ""
#. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para>
-#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:5944
+#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:6297
msgid ""
"When he speaks about his work, he talks about how much the song-a-day "
"process has changed him. Rather than seeing any given piece of work as "
msgstr ""
#. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para>
-#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:5951
+#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:6304
msgid ""
"Jonathan seems to have this mentality about his career more generally. He is "
"constantly experimenting with ways to make a living while sharing his work "
msgstr ""
#. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para>
-#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:5958
+#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:6312
msgid ""
"<quote>Success feels like it’s over,</quote> he said. <quote>To a certain "
"extent, a creative person is not ever going to feel completely satisfied "
msgstr ""
#. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><title>
-#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:5965
+#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:6319
msgid "Noun Project"
msgstr ""
#. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><blockquote><para>
-#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:5968
+#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:6322
msgid ""
"The Noun Project is a for-profit company offering an online platform to "
"display visual icons from a global network of designers. Founded in 2010 in "
msgstr ""
#. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><blockquote><para>
-#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:5973
+#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:6327
msgid "<ulink url=\"http://thenounproject.com\"/>"
msgstr ""
#. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><blockquote><para>
-#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:5975
+#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:6330
msgid ""
"<emphasis role=\"strong\">Revenue model</emphasis>: charging a transaction "
"fee, charging for custom services"
msgstr ""
#. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><blockquote><para>
-#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:5978
+#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:6334
msgid "<emphasis role=\"strong\">Interview date</emphasis>: October 6, 2015"
msgstr ""
#. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><blockquote><para>
-#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:5981
+#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:6338
msgid ""
"<emphasis role=\"strong\">Interviewee</emphasis>: Edward Boatman, cofounder"
msgstr ""
#. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para>
-#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:5989
+#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:6346
msgid ""
"The Noun Project creates and shares visual language. There are millions who "
"use Noun Project symbols to simplify communication across borders, "
msgstr ""
#. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para>
-#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:5994
+#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:6351
msgid ""
"The original idea for the Noun Project came to cofounder Edward Boatman "
"while he was a student in architecture design school. He’d always done a lot "
msgstr ""
#. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para>
-#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:6002
+#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:6359
msgid ""
"When Edward went on to work at an architecture firm, he had to make a lot of "
"presentation boards for clients. But finding high-quality sources for "
msgstr ""
#. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para>
-#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:6010
+#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:6367
msgid ""
"With his partner, Sofya Polyakov, he began collecting symbols for a website "
"and writing a business plan. Inspiration came from the book Professor and "
msgstr ""
#. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para><footnote><para>
-#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:6021
+#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:6380
msgid ""
"<ulink url=\"http://www.kickstarter.com/projects/tnp/building-a-free-"
"collection-of-our-worlds-visual-sy/description\"/>"
msgstr ""
#. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para>
-#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:6018
+#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:6375
msgid ""
"Then Edward got laid off during the recession, which turned out to be a huge "
"catalyst. He decided to give his idea a go, and in 2010 Edward and Sofya "
msgstr ""
#. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para>
-#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:6027
+#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:6388
msgid ""
"They created a platform where symbols and icons could be uploaded, and "
"Edward began recruiting talented designers to contribute their designs, a "
msgstr ""
#. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para>
-#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:6035
+#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:6396
msgid ""
"The Noun Project currently has about seven thousand designers from around "
"the world. But not all submissions are accepted. The Noun Project’s quality-"
msgstr ""
#. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para>
-#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:6044
+#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:6405
msgid ""
"Creative Commons is an integral part of the Noun Project’s business model; "
"this decision was inspired by Chris Anderson’s book Free: The Future of "
msgstr ""
#. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para>
-#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:6051
+#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:6412
msgid ""
"Edward knew he wanted to offer a free visual language while still providing "
"some protection and reward for its contributors. There is a tension between "
msgstr ""
#. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para>
-#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:6065
+#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:6426
msgid ""
"Noun Project’s business model and means of generating revenue have evolved "
"significantly over time. Their initial plan was to sell T-shirts with the "
msgstr ""
#. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para>
-#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:6076
+#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:6437
msgid ""
"They asked their global network of designers whether they’d be open to "
"receiving modest remuneration instead of attribution. Designers saw it as a "
msgstr ""
#. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para>
-#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:6083
+#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:6444
msgid ""
"The Noun Project first adopted a model whereby using an icon without giving "
"attribution would cost $1.99 per icon. The model’s second iteration added a "
msgstr ""
#. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para>
-#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:6097
+#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:6458
msgid ""
"Customers then began asking for an application-programming interface (API), "
"which would allow Noun Project icons and symbols to be directly accessed "
msgstr ""
#. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para>
-#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:6111
+#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:6472
msgid ""
"The Noun Project shares revenue with its international designers. For one-"
"off purchases, the revenue is split 70 percent to the designer and 30 "
msgstr ""
#. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para>
-#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:6116
+#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:6477
msgid ""
"The revenue from premium purchases (the subscription and API options) is "
"split a little differently. At the end of each month, the total revenue from "
msgstr ""
#. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para><footnote><para>
-#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:6128
-#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:6200
+#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:6491
+#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:6567
msgid ""
"<ulink url=\"http://thenounproject.com/handbook/royalties/#getting_paid\"/>"
msgstr ""
#. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para>
-#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:6127
+#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:6488
msgid ""
"The Noun Project tries to be completely transparent about their royalty "
"structure.<placeholder type=\"footnote\" id=\"0\"/> They tend to over "
msgstr ""
#. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para>
-#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:6132
+#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:6497
msgid ""
"For most creators, contributing to the Noun Project is not a full-time job "
"but something they do on the side. Edward categorizes monthly earnings for "
msgstr ""
#. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para>
-#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:6139
+#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:6504
msgid ""
"Recently the Noun Project launched a new app called Lingo. Designers can "
"use Lingo to organize not just their Noun Project icons and symbols but also "
msgstr ""
#. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para>
-#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:6153
+#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:6518
msgid ""
"The Noun Project gives a ton of value away for free. A very large percentage "
"of their roughly one million members have a free account, but there are "
msgstr ""
#. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para>
-#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:6160
+#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:6525
msgid ""
"For Edward, <quote>creating, sharing, and celebrating the world’s visual "
"language</quote> is the most important aspect of what they do; it’s their "
msgstr ""
#. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para>
-#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:6166
+#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:6531
msgid ""
"Noun Project creators agree. When surveyed on why they participate in the "
"Noun Project, this is how designers rank their reasons: 1) to support the "
msgstr ""
#. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para>
-#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:6175
+#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:6540
msgid ""
"In Edward’s view, Creative Commons is central to their mission of sharing "
"and social good. Using Creative Commons makes the Noun Project’s mission "
msgstr ""
#. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para>
-#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:6182
+#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:6547
msgid ""
"Edward told us, <quote>Don’t underestimate the power of a passionate "
"community around your product or your business. They are going to go to bat "
msgstr ""
#. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para>
-#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:6192
+#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:6557
msgid ""
"The Noun Project nurtures their creators’ second motivation—promoting a "
"personal brand—by connecting every icon and symbol to the creator’s name and "
msgstr ""
#. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para>
-#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:6199
+#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:6564
msgid ""
"The Noun Project also builds community through Iconathons—hackathons for "
"icons.<placeholder type=\"footnote\" id=\"0\"/> In partnership with a "
msgstr ""
#. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para>
-#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:6208
+#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:6577
msgid ""
"Providing a free version of their product that satisfies a lot of their "
"customers’ needs has actually enabled the Noun Project to build the paid "
msgstr ""
#. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><title>
-#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:6219
+#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:6589
msgid "Open Data Institute"
msgstr ""
#. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><blockquote><para>
-#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:6222
+#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:6592
msgid ""
"The Open Data Institute is an independent nonprofit that connects, equips, "
"and inspires people around the world to innovate with data. Founded in 2012 "
msgstr ""
#. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><blockquote><para>
-#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:6227
+#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:6597
msgid "<ulink url=\"http://theodi.org\"/>"
msgstr ""
#. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><blockquote><para>
-#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:6229
+#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:6600
msgid ""
"<emphasis role=\"strong\">Revenue model</emphasis>: grant and government "
"funding, charging for custom services, donations"
msgstr ""
#. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><blockquote><para>
-#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:6232
+#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:6604
msgid "<emphasis role=\"strong\">Interview date</emphasis>: November 11, 2015"
msgstr ""
#. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><blockquote><para>
-#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:6235
+#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:6608
msgid ""
"<emphasis role=\"strong\">Interviewee</emphasis>: Jeni Tennison, technical "
"director"
msgstr ""
#. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para>
-#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:6243
+#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:6616
msgid ""
"Cofounded by Sir Tim Berners-Lee and Sir Nigel Shadbolt in 2012, the London-"
"based Open Data Institute (ODI) offers data-related training, events, "
msgstr ""
#. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para>
-#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:6253
+#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:6626
msgid ""
"Data underpins planning and decision making across all aspects of society. "
"Weather data helps farmers know when to plant their crops, flight time data "
msgstr ""
#. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para>
-#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:6265
+#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:6638
msgid ""
"The Open Data Institute’s 2012–17 business plan starts out by describing its "
"vision to establish itself as a world-leading center and to research and be "
msgstr ""
#. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><itemizedlist><listitem><para>
-#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:6275
+#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:6648
msgid ""
"demonstrate the commercial value of open government data and how open-data "
"policies affect this;"
msgstr ""
#. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><itemizedlist><listitem><para>
-#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:6281
+#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:6654
msgid "develop the economic benefits case and business models for open data;"
msgstr ""
#. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><itemizedlist><listitem><para>
-#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:6287
+#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:6660
msgid "help UK businesses use open data; and"
msgstr ""
#. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><itemizedlist><listitem><para><footnote><para>
-#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:6292
+#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:6667
msgid ""
"<ulink url=\"http://e642e8368e3bf8d5526e-464b4b70b4554c1a79566214d402739e.r6."
"cf3.rackcdn.com/odi-business-plan-may-release.pdf\"/>"
msgstr ""
#. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><itemizedlist><listitem><para>
-#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:6292
+#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:6665
msgid ""
"show how open data can improve public services.<placeholder type=\"footnote"
"\" id=\"0\"/>"
msgstr ""
#. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para>
-#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:6297
+#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:6674
msgid ""
"ODI is very explicit about how it wants to make open business models, and "
"defining what this means. Jeni Tennison, ODI’s technical director, puts it "
msgstr ""
#. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para>
-#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:6307
+#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:6684
msgid ""
"As an independent nonprofit, ODI secured £10 million over five years from "
"the UK government via Innovate UK, an agency that promotes innovation in "
msgstr ""
#. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para>
-#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:6315
+#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:6692
msgid ""
"Jeni started out as a developer and technical architect for data.gov.uk, the "
"UK government’s pioneering open-data initiative. She helped make data sets "
msgstr ""
#. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para>
-#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:6322
+#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:6699
msgid ""
"ODI strives to have half its annual budget come from the core UK government "
"and Omidyar grants, and the other half from project-based research and "
msgstr ""
#. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para>
-#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:6330
+#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:6707
msgid ""
"On the commercial side, ODI generates funding through memberships, training, "
"and advisory services."
msgstr ""
#. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para><footnote><para>
-#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:6345
+#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:6724
msgid "<ulink url=\"http://directory.theodi.org/members\"/>"
msgstr ""
#. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para>
-#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:6334
+#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:6711
msgid ""
"You can join the ODI as an individual or commercial member. Individual "
"membership is pay-what-you-can, with options ranging from £1 to £100. "
msgstr ""
#. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para>
-#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:6348
+#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:6729
msgid ""
"ODI provides standardized open data training courses in which anyone can "
"enroll. The initial idea was to offer an intensive and academically oriented "
msgstr ""
#. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para>
-#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:6362
+#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:6743
msgid ""
"ODI customizes training for clients as well, for which there is more demand. "
"Custom training usually emerges through an established relationship with an "
msgstr ""
#. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para>
-#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:6371
+#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:6752
msgid ""
"Education about open data is also a part of ODI’s annual summit event, where "
"curated presentations and speakers showcase the work of ODI and its members "
msgstr ""
#. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para>
-#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:6379
+#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:6760
msgid ""
"In addition to memberships and training, ODI provides advisory services to "
"help with technical-data support, technology development, change management, "
msgstr ""
#. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para>
-#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:6388
+#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:6769
msgid ""
"On the commercial side, the following value propositions seem to resonate:"
msgstr ""
#. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><itemizedlist><listitem><para>
-#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:6394
+#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:6775
msgid ""
"Data-driven insights. Businesses need data from outside their business to "
"get more insight. Businesses can generate value and more effectively pursue "
msgstr ""
#. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><itemizedlist><listitem><para>
-#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:6402
+#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:6783
msgid ""
"Open innovation. Many large-scale enterprises are aware they don’t innovate "
"very well. One way they can innovate is to open up their data. ODI "
msgstr ""
#. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><itemizedlist><listitem><para>
-#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:6411
+#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:6792
msgid ""
"Corporate social responsibility. While this resonates with businesses, ODI "
"cautions against having it be the sole reason for making data open. If a "
msgstr ""
#. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para>
-#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:6420
+#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:6801
msgid ""
"During their early years, ODI wanted to focus solely on the United Kingdom. "
"But in their first year, large delegations of government visitors from over "
msgstr ""
#. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para>
-#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:6429
+#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:6810
msgid ""
"Nodes are franchises of the ODI at a regional or city level. Hosted by "
"existing (for-profit or not-for-profit) organizations, they operate locally "
msgstr ""
#. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para><footnote><para>
-#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:6443
+#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:6826
msgid ""
"<ulink url=\"http://theodi.org/odi-startup-programme\"/>; <ulink url="
"\"http://theodi.org/open-data-incubator-for-europe\"/>"
msgstr ""
#. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para>
-#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:6441
+#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:6822
msgid ""
"ODI also runs programs to help start-ups in the UK and across Europe develop "
"a sustainable business around open data, offering mentoring, advice, "
msgstr ""
#. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para>
-#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:6447
+#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:6832
msgid ""
"A big part of ODI’s business model revolves around community building. "
"Memberships, training, summits, consulting services, nodes, and start-up "
msgstr ""
#. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para><footnote><para>
-#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:6461
+#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:6848
msgid "<ulink url=\"http://certificates.theodi.org\"/>"
msgstr ""
#. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para>
-#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:6456
+#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:6841
msgid ""
"ODI has created an online tool that organizations can use to assess the "
"legal, practical, technical, and social aspects of their open data. If it is "
msgstr ""
#. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para>
-#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:6464
+#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:6853
msgid ""
"Separate from commercial activities, the ODI generates funding through "
"research grants. Research includes looking at evidence on the impact of open "
msgstr ""
#. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para>
-#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:6470
+#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:6859
msgid ""
"Creative Commons 4.0 licenses cover database rights and ODI recommends CC "
"BY, CC BY-SA, and CC0 for data releases. ODI encourages publishers of data "
msgstr ""
#. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para>
-#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:6477
+#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:6866
msgid ""
"For ODI, open is at the heart of what they do. They also release any "
"software code they produce under open-source-software licenses, and "
msgstr ""
#. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para>
-#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:6495
+#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:6884
msgid ""
"To serve as evidence of a successful open business model and return on "
"investment, ODI has a public dashboard of key performance indicators. Here "
msgstr ""
#. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><itemizedlist><listitem><para>
-#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:6503
+#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:6892
msgid ""
"Total amount of cash investments unlocked in direct investments in ODI, "
"competition funding, direct contracts, and partnerships, and income that ODI "
msgstr ""
#. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><itemizedlist><listitem><para>
-#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:6511
+#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:6900
msgid "Total number of active members and nodes across the globe: 1,350"
msgstr ""
#. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><itemizedlist><listitem><para>
-#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:6517
+#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:6906
msgid "Total sales since ODI began: £7.44 million"
msgstr ""
#. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><itemizedlist><listitem><para>
-#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:6522
+#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:6911
msgid ""
"Total number of unique people reached since ODI began, in person and online: "
"2.2 million"
msgstr ""
#. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><itemizedlist><listitem><para>
-#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:6528
+#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:6917
msgid "Total Open Data Certificates created: 151,000"
msgstr ""
#. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><itemizedlist><listitem><para><footnote><para>
-#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:6534
+#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:6925
msgid "<ulink url=\"http://dashboards.theodi.org/company/all\"/>"
msgstr ""
#. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><itemizedlist><listitem><para>
-#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:6533
+#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:6922
msgid ""
"Total number of people trained by ODI and its nodes since ODI began: "
"5,080<placeholder type=\"footnote\" id=\"0\"/>"
msgstr ""
#. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><title>
-#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:6540
+#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:6934
msgid "OpenDesk"
msgstr ""
#. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><blockquote><para>
-#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:6543
+#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:6937
msgid ""
"Opendesk is a for-profit company offering an online platform that connects "
"furniture designers around the world with customers and local makers who "
msgstr ""
#. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><blockquote><para>
-#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:6549
+#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:6943
msgid "<ulink url=\"http://www.opendesk.cc\"/>"
msgstr ""
#. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><blockquote><para>
-#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:6551
-#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:8982
+#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:6946
+#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:9486
msgid ""
"<emphasis role=\"strong\">Revenue model</emphasis>: charging a transaction "
"fee"
msgstr ""
#. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><blockquote><para>
-#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:6554
+#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:6950
msgid "<emphasis role=\"strong\">Interview date</emphasis>: November 4, 2015"
msgstr ""
#. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><blockquote><para>
-#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:6557
+#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:6954
msgid ""
"<emphasis role=\"strong\">Interviewees</emphasis>: Nick Ierodiaconou and "
"Joni Steiner, cofounders"
msgstr ""
#. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para>
-#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:6565
+#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:6962
msgid ""
"Opendesk is an online platform that connects furniture designers around the "
"world not just with customers but also with local registered makers who "
msgstr ""
#. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para>
-#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:6571
+#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:6968
msgid ""
"Cofounders Nick Ierodiaconou and Joni Steiner studied and worked as "
"architects together. They also made goods. Their first client was Mint "
msgstr ""
#. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para>
-#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:6588
+#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:6985
msgid ""
"When Nick and Joni set out to create Opendesk, there were a lot of questions "
"about the viability of distributed manufacturing. No one was doing it in a "
msgstr ""
#. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para>
-#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:6595
+#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:6992
msgid ""
"And now this sector is emerging, and Nick and Joni are highly interested in "
"the commercialization aspects of it. As part of coming up with a business "
msgstr ""
#. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para>
-#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:6606
+#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:7003
msgid ""
"When designing the Opendesk system, they had two goals. They wanted anyone, "
"anywhere in the world, to be able to download designs so that they could be "
msgstr ""
#. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para>
-#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:6613
+#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:7010
msgid ""
"They gave a lot of thought to three angles—the potential for social sharing, "
"allowing designers to choose their license, and the impact these choices "
msgstr ""
#. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para>
-#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:6618
+#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:7015
msgid ""
"In support of social sharing, Opendesk actively advocates for (but doesn’t "
"demand) open licensing. And Nick and Joni are agnostic about which Creative "
msgstr ""
#. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para><footnote><para>
-#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:6630
+#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:7029
msgid "<ulink url=\"http://www.opendesk.cc/designers\"/>"
msgstr ""
#. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para>
-#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:6626
+#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:7023
msgid ""
"For the most part, designers love the idea of sharing content. They "
"understand that you get positive feedback when you’re attributed, what Nick "
msgstr ""
#. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para>
-#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:6633
+#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:7034
msgid ""
"While designers are largely OK with personal sharing, there is a concern "
"that someone will take the design and manufacture the furniture in bulk, "
msgstr ""
#. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para>
-#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:6640
+#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:7041
msgid ""
"Anyone can download a design and make it themselves, provided it’s for "
"noncommercial use — and there have been many, many downloads. Or users can "
msgstr ""
#. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para><footnote><para>
-#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:6657
+#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:7060
msgid "<ulink url=\"http://www.opendesk.cc/open-making/makers/\"/>"
msgstr ""
#. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para>
-#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:6650
+#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:7051
msgid ""
"Makers benefit from being part of Opendesk’s network. Making furniture for "
"local customers is paid work, and Opendesk generates business for them. Joni "
msgstr ""
#. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para>
-#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:6660
+#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:7065
msgid ""
"The makers are a critical part of the Opendesk business model. Their model "
"builds off the makers’ quotes. Here’s how it’s expressed on Opendesk’s "
msgstr ""
#. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para>
-#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:6665
+#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:7070
msgid ""
"When customers buy an Opendesk product directly from a registered maker, "
"they pay:"
msgstr ""
#. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><itemizedlist><listitem><para>
-#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:6671
+#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:7076
msgid ""
"the manufacturing cost as set by the maker (this covers material and labour "
"costs for the product to be manufactured and any extra assembly costs "
msgstr ""
#. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><itemizedlist><listitem><para>
-#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:6678
+#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:7083
msgid ""
"a design fee for the designer (a design fee that is paid to the designer "
"every time their design is used)"
msgstr ""
#. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><itemizedlist><listitem><para>
-#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:6684
+#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:7089
msgid ""
"a percentage fee to the Opendesk platform (this supports the infrastructure "
"and ongoing development of the platform that helps us build out our "
msgstr ""
#. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><itemizedlist><listitem><para>
-#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:6691
+#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:7096
msgid ""
"a percentage fee to the channel through which the sale is made (at the "
"moment this is Opendesk, but in the future we aim to open this up to third-"
msgstr ""
#. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><itemizedlist><listitem><para>
-#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:6700
+#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:7105
msgid ""
"a local delivery service charge (the delivery is typically charged by the "
"maker, but in some cases may be paid to a third-party delivery partner)"
msgstr ""
#. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><itemizedlist><listitem><para>
-#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:6707
+#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:7112
msgid ""
"charges for any additional services the customer chooses, such as on-site "
"assembly (additional services are discretionary—in many cases makers will be "
msgstr ""
#. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><itemizedlist><listitem><para><footnote><para>
-#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:6716
+#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:7123
msgid "<ulink url=\"http://www.opendesk.cc/open-making/join\"/>"
msgstr ""
#. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><itemizedlist><listitem><para>
-#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:6715
+#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:7120
msgid ""
"local sales taxes (variable by customer and maker location)<placeholder type="
"\"footnote\" id=\"0\"/>"
msgstr ""
#. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para>
-#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:6721
+#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:7130
msgid "They then go into detail how makers’ quotes are created:"
msgstr ""
#. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para>
-#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:6724
+#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:7133
msgid ""
"When a customer wants to buy an Opendesk . . . they are provided with a "
"transparent breakdown of fees including the manufacturing cost, design fee, "
msgstr ""
#. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><itemizedlist><listitem><para>
-#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:6737
+#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:7146
msgid ""
"manufacturing cost: fabrication, finishing and any other costs as set by the "
"maker (excluding any services like delivery or on-site assembly)"
msgstr ""
#. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><itemizedlist><listitem><para>
-#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:6744
+#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:7153
msgid "design fee: 8 percent of the manufacturing cost"
msgstr ""
#. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><itemizedlist><listitem><para>
-#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:6749
+#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:7158
msgid "platform fee: 12 percent of the manufacturing cost"
msgstr ""
#. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><itemizedlist><listitem><para>
-#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:6754
+#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:7163
msgid "channel fee: 18 percent of the manufacturing cost"
msgstr ""
#. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><itemizedlist><listitem><para>
-#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:6759
+#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:7168
msgid "sales tax: as applicable (depends on product and location)"
msgstr ""
#. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para>
-#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:6764
+#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:7173
msgid ""
"Opendesk shares revenue with their community of designers. According to "
"Nick and Joni, a typical designer fee is around 2.5 percent, so Opendesk’s 8 "
msgstr ""
#. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para>
-#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:6770
+#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:7179
msgid ""
"The Opendesk website features stories of designers and makers. Denis Fuzii "
"published the design for the Valovi Chair from his studio in São Paulo. His "
msgstr ""
#. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para>
-#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:6778
+#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:7187
msgid ""
"To manage resources and remain effective, Opendesk has so far focused on a "
"very narrow niche—primarily office furniture of a certain simple aesthetic, "
msgstr ""
#. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para>
-#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:6787
+#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:7196
msgid ""
"On their website, Opendesk describes what they do as <quote>open making</"
"quote>: <quote>Designers get a global distribution channel. Makers get "
msgstr ""
#. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para>
-#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:6795
+#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:7204
msgid ""
"Nick and Joni say that customers like the fact that the furniture has a "
"known provenance. People really like that their furniture was designed by a "
msgstr ""
#. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para><footnote><para>
-#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:6808
+#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:7219
msgid "<ulink url=\"http://openmaking.is\"/>"
msgstr ""
#. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para>
-#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:6803
+#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:7212
msgid ""
"Nick and Joni are taking a community-based approach to define and evolve "
"Opendesk and the <quote>open making</quote> business model. They’re "
msgstr ""
#. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para>
-#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:6812
+#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:7225
msgid ""
"Nick and Joni talked a lot with us about intellectual property (IP) and "
"commercialization. Many of their designers fear the idea that someone could "
msgstr ""
#. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para>
-#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:6820
+#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:7233
msgid ""
"Opendesk established a set of principles for what their community considers "
"commercial and noncommercial use. Their website states:"
msgstr ""
#. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para>
-#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:6824
+#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:7237
msgid "It is unambiguously commercial use when anyone:"
msgstr ""
#. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><itemizedlist><listitem><para>
-#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:6829
+#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:7242
msgid "charges a fee or makes a profit when making an Opendesk"
msgstr ""
#. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><itemizedlist><listitem><para>
-#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:6834
+#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:7247
msgid "sells (or bases a commercial service on) an Opendesk"
msgstr ""
#. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para>
-#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:6839
+#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:7252
msgid ""
"It follows from this that noncommercial use is when you make an Opendesk "
"yourself, with no intention to gain commercial advantage or monetary "
msgstr ""
#. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><itemizedlist><listitem><para>
-#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:6847
+#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:7260
msgid ""
"you are an individual with your own CNC machine, or access to a shared CNC "
"machine, and will personally cut and make a few pieces of furniture yourself"
msgstr ""
#. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><itemizedlist><listitem><para>
-#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:6854
+#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:7267
msgid ""
"you are a student (or teacher) and you use the design files for educational "
"purposes or training (and do not intend to sell the resulting pieces)"
msgstr ""
#. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><itemizedlist><listitem><para>
-#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:6861
+#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:7274
msgid ""
"you work for a charity and get furniture cut by volunteers, or by employees "
"at a fab lab or maker space"
msgstr ""
#. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para>
-#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:6867
+#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:7280
msgid ""
"Whether or not people technically are doing things that implicate IP, Nick "
"and Joni have found that people tend to comply with the wishes of creators "
msgstr ""
#. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para>
-#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:6878
+#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:7291
msgid ""
"The mission of Opendesk is about relocalizing manufacturing, which changes "
"the way we think about how goods are made. Commercialization is integral to "
msgstr ""
#. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para>
-#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:6885
+#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:7298
msgid ""
"As a global platform for local making, Opendesk’s business model has been "
"built on honesty, transparency, and inclusivity. As Nick and Joni describe "
msgstr ""
#. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><title>
-#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:6892
+#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:7306
msgid "OpenStax"
msgstr ""
#. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><blockquote><para>
-#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:6895
+#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:7309
msgid ""
"OpenStax is a nonprofit that provides free, openly licensed textbooks for "
"high-enrollment introductory college courses and Advanced Placement courses. "
msgstr ""
#. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><blockquote><para>
-#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:6900
+#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:7314
msgid "<ulink url=\"http://www.openstaxcollege.org\"/>"
msgstr ""
#. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><blockquote><para>
-#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:6902
+#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:7317
msgid ""
"<emphasis role=\"strong\">Revenue model</emphasis>: grant funding, charging "
"for custom services, charging for physical copies (textbook sales)"
msgstr ""
#. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><blockquote><para>
-#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:6906
+#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:7322
msgid "<emphasis role=\"strong\">Interview date</emphasis>: December 16, 2015"
msgstr ""
#. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><blockquote><para>
-#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:6909
+#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:7326
msgid ""
"<emphasis role=\"strong\">Interviewee</emphasis>: David Harris, editor-in-"
"chief"
msgstr ""
#. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para>
-#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:6917
+#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:7334
msgid ""
"OpenStax is an extension of a program called Connexions, which was started "
"in 1999 by Dr. Richard Baraniuk, the Victor E. Cameron Professor of "
msgstr ""
#. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para>
-#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:6929
+#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:7346
msgid ""
"In 2008, while in a senior leadership role at WebAssign and looking at ways "
"to reduce the risk that came with relying on publishers, David Harris began "
msgstr ""
#. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para>
-#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:6940
+#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:7357
msgid ""
"David brought with him a deep understanding of the best practices of "
"publishing along with where publishers have inefficiencies. In David’s view, "
msgstr ""
#. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para><footnote><para>
-#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:6958
+#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:7377
msgid ""
"<ulink url=\"http://news.rice.edu/files/2016/01/0119-"
"OPENSTAX-2016Infographic-lg-1tahxiu.jpg\"/>"
msgstr ""
#. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para>
-#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:6952
+#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:7369
msgid ""
"In 2012, OpenStax College launched as a nonprofit with the aim of producing "
"high-quality, peer-reviewed full-color textbooks that would be available for "
msgstr ""
#. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para>
-#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:6962
+#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:7383
msgid ""
"OpenStax textbooks are all Attribution (CC BY) licensed, and each textbook "
"is available as a PDF, an e-book, or web pages. Those who want a physical "
msgstr ""
#. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para>
-#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:6971
+#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:7392
msgid ""
"Teachers are invited to try out a single chapter from one of the textbooks "
"with students. If that goes well, they’re encouraged to adopt the entire "
msgstr ""
#. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para>
-#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:6979
+#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:7400
msgid ""
"Any teacher can post corrections, suggest examples for difficult concepts, "
"or volunteer as an editor or author. As many teachers also want supplemental "
msgstr ""
#. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para><footnote><para>
-#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:6990
+#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:7413
msgid "<ulink url=\"http://openstax.org/adopters\"/>"
msgstr ""
#. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para>
-#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:6986
+#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:7407
msgid ""
"Institutions can stand out by offering students a lower-cost education "
"through the use of OpenStax textbooks; there’s even a textbook-savings "
msgstr ""
#. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para>
-#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:6993
+#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:7418
msgid ""
"Unlike traditional publishers’ monolithic approach of controlling "
"intellectual property, distribution, and so many other aspects, OpenStax has "
msgstr ""
#. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para>
-#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:6999
+#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:7424
msgid ""
"Up-front funding of a professionally produced all-color turnkey textbook is "
"expensive. For this part of their model, OpenStax relies on philanthropy. "
msgstr ""
#. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para>
-#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:7010
+#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:7435
msgid ""
"However, ongoing operations will not rely on foundation grants but instead "
"on funds received through an ecosystem of over forty partners, whereby a "
msgstr ""
#. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para>
-#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:7020
+#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:7445
msgid ""
"Another example is Odigia, who has turned OpenStax books into interactive "
"learning experiences and created additional tools to measure and promote "
msgstr ""
#. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para>
-#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:7030
+#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:7455
msgid ""
"In David’s view, this approach lets the market operate at peak efficiency. "
"OpenStax’s partners don’t have to worry about developing textbook content, "
msgstr ""
#. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para>
-#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:7042
+#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:7467
msgid ""
"OpenStax’s cost of sales to acquire a single student is very, very low and "
"is a fraction of what traditional players in the market face. This year, "
msgstr ""
#. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para>
-#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:7050
+#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:7475
msgid ""
"While OpenStax books are available online for free, many students still want "
"a print copy. Through a partnership with a print and courier company, "
msgstr ""
#. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para>
-#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:7060
+#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:7485
msgid ""
"Campus-based bookstores are part of the OpenStax solution. OpenStax "
"collaborates with NACSCORP (the National Association of College Stores "
msgstr ""
#. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para>
-#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:7073
+#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:7498
msgid ""
"David thinks of the OpenStax model as <quote>OER 2.0.</quote> So what is OER "
"1.0? Historically in the OER field, many OER initiatives have been locally "
msgstr ""
#. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para>
-#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:7081
+#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:7506
msgid ""
"OER 2.0 is about OER intended to be used and adopted on a national level "
"right from the start. This requires a bigger investment up front but pays "
msgstr ""
#. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para>
-#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:7094
+#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:7519
msgid ""
"The process is similar for both models. First they look at the scope and "
"sequence of existing textbooks. They ask questions like what does the "
msgstr ""
#. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para>
-#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:7112
+#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:7537
msgid ""
"All the people involved in this process are paid. OpenStax does not rely on "
"volunteers. Writers, reviewers, illustrators, and editors are all paid an up-"
msgstr ""
#. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para>
-#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:7122
+#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:7547
msgid ""
"David thinks of the Attribution license (CC BY) as the <quote>innovation "
"license.</quote> It’s core to the mission of OpenStax, letting people use "
msgstr ""
#. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para>
-#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:7132
+#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:7557
msgid ""
"Using CC BY is also a good example of using strategies that traditional "
"publishers can’t. Traditional publishers rely on copyright to prevent others "
msgstr ""
#. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para>
-#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:7142
+#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:7567
msgid ""
"As of September 16, 2016, OpenStax has achieved some impressive results. "
"From the OpenStax at a Glance fact sheet from their recent press kit:"
msgstr ""
#. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><itemizedlist><listitem><para>
-#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:7149
+#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:7574
msgid "Books published: 23"
msgstr ""
#. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><itemizedlist><listitem><para>
-#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:7154
+#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:7579
msgid "Students who have used OpenStax: 1.6 million"
msgstr ""
#. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><itemizedlist><listitem><para>
-#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:7159
+#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:7584
msgid "Money saved for students: $155 million"
msgstr ""
#. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><itemizedlist><listitem><para>
-#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:7164
+#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:7589
msgid "Money saved for students in the 2016/17 academic year: $77 million"
msgstr ""
#. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><itemizedlist><listitem><para>
-#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:7170
+#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:7595
msgid ""
"Schools that have used OpenStax: 2,668 (This number reflects all "
"institutions using at least one OpenStax textbook. Out of 2,668 schools, 517 "
msgstr ""
#. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para>
-#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:7179
+#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:7604
msgid ""
"While OpenStax has to date been focused on the United States, there is "
"overseas adoption especially in the science, technology, engineering, and "
msgstr ""
#. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para>
-#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:7186
+#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:7611
msgid ""
"OpenStax has primarily focused on introductory-level college courses where "
"there is high enrollment, but they are starting to think about verticals—a "
msgstr ""
#. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para>
-#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:7194
+#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:7619
msgid ""
"Finally, for OpenStax success is not just about the adoption of their "
"textbooks and student savings. There is a human aspect to the work that is "
msgstr ""
#. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><title>
-#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:7207
+#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:7633
msgid "Amanda Palmer"
msgstr ""
#. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><blockquote><para>
-#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:7210
+#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:7636
msgid "Amanda Palmer is a musician, artist, and writer. Based in the U.S."
msgstr ""
#. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><blockquote><para>
-#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:7214
+#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:7640
msgid "<ulink url=\"http://amandapalmer.net\"/>"
msgstr ""
#. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><blockquote><para>
-#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:7216
+#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:7643
msgid ""
"<emphasis role=\"strong\">Revenue model</emphasis>: crowdfunding "
"(subscription-based), pay-what-you-want, charging for physical copies (book "
msgstr ""
#. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><blockquote><para>
-#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:7221
+#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:7649
msgid "<emphasis role=\"strong\">Interview date</emphasis>: December 15, 2015"
msgstr ""
#. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para><footnote><para>
-#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:7232
+#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:7662
msgid ""
"<ulink url=\"http://www.forbes.com/sites/zackomalleygreenburg/2015/04/16/"
"amanda-palmer-uncut-the-kickstarter-queen-on-spotify-patreon-and-taylor-"
msgstr ""
#. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para>
-#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:7229
+#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:7657
msgid ""
"Since the beginning of her career, Amanda Palmer has been on what she calls "
"a <quote>journey with no roadmap,</quote> continually experimenting to find "
msgstr ""
#. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para>
-#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:7235
+#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:7667
msgid ""
"In her best-selling book, The Art of Asking, Amanda articulates exactly what "
"she has been and continues to strive for—<quote>the ideal sweet spot . . . "
msgstr ""
#. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para>
-#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:7242
+#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:7674
msgid ""
"While she seems to have successfully found that sweet spot for herself, "
"Amanda is the first to acknowledge there is no silver bullet. She thinks the "
msgstr ""
#. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para>
-#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:7251
+#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:7683
msgid ""
"Amanda began her artistic career as a street performer. She would dress up "
"in an antique wedding gown, paint her face white, stand on a stack of milk "
msgstr ""
#. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para>
-#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:7265
+#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:7697
msgid ""
"Amanda has come a long way from her street-performing days, but her career "
"remains dominated by that same sentiment—finding ways to reach <quote>her "
msgstr ""
#. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para>
-#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:7276
+#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:7708
msgid ""
"After leaving the record label in 2008, she began experimenting with "
"different ways to make a living. She released music directly to the public "
msgstr ""
#. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para>
-#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:7288
+#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:7720
msgid ""
"Today, Amanda has switched gears away from crowdfunding for specific "
"projects to instead getting consistent financial support from her fan base "
msgstr ""
#. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para>
-#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:7300
+#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:7732
msgid ""
"Making her music and art available under Creative Commons licensing "
"undoubtedly limits her options for how she makes a living. But sharing her "
msgstr ""
#. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para>
-#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:7318
+#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:7750
msgid ""
"Amanda embraces the way her fans share and build upon her music. In The Art "
"of Asking, she wrote that some of her fans’ unofficial videos using her "
msgstr ""
#. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para>
-#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:7326
+#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:7758
msgid ""
"This is symbolic of how nearly everything she does in her career is "
"motivated by a desire to connect with her fans. At the start of her career, "
msgstr ""
#. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para>
-#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:7336
+#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:7768
msgid ""
"Even though her fan base is now huge and global, she continues to seek this "
"sort of human connection with her fans. She seeks out face-to-face contact "
msgstr ""
#. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para>
-#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:7348
+#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:7780
msgid ""
"Another part of the connection fans feel with Amanda is how much they know "
"about her life. Rather than trying to craft a public persona or image, she "
msgstr ""
#. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para>
-#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:7357
+#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:7790
msgid ""
"<quote>With social media, we’re so concerned with the picture looking "
"palatable and consumable that we forget that being human and showing the "
msgstr ""
#. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para>
-#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:7366
+#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:7799
msgid ""
"Not only does she disclose intimate details of her life to them, she sleeps "
"on their couches, listens to their stories, cries with them. In short, she "
msgstr ""
#. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para>
-#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:7376
+#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:7809
msgid ""
"After years of investing time and energy into building trust with her fans, "
"she has a strong enough relationship with them to ask for support—through "
msgstr ""
#. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para>
-#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:7385
+#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:7819
msgid ""
"<quote>When you openly, radically trust people, they not only take care of "
"you, they become your allies, your family,</quote> she wrote. There really "
msgstr ""
#. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para>
-#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:7393
+#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:7827
msgid ""
"This sort of intimacy with fans is not possible or even desirable for every "
"creator. <quote>I don’t take for granted that I happen to be the type of "
msgstr ""
#. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para>
-#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:7403
+#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:7837
msgid ""
"Yet while Amanda joyfully interacts with her fans and involves them in her "
"work as much as possible, she does keep one job primarily to herself—writing "
msgstr ""
#. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para>
-#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:7416
+#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:7850
msgid ""
"For Amanda, the entire point of being an artist is to establish and maintain "
"this connection. <quote>It sounds so corny,</quote> she said, <quote>but my "
msgstr ""
#. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para>
-#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:7426
+#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:7860
msgid ""
"As she explains it, when a fan gives her a ten-dollar bill, usually what "
"they are saying is that the money symbolizes some deeper value the music "
msgstr ""
#. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><title>
-#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:7437
+#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:7872
msgid "PLOS (Public Library of Science)"
msgstr ""
#. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><blockquote><para>
-#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:7440
+#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:7875
msgid ""
"PLOS (Public Library of Science) is a nonprofit that publishes a library of "
"academic journals and other scientific literature. Founded in 2000 in the U."
msgstr ""
#. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><blockquote><para>
-#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:7445
+#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:7880
msgid "<ulink url=\"http://plos.org\"/>"
msgstr ""
#. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><blockquote><para>
-#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:7447
+#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:7883
msgid ""
"<emphasis role=\"strong\">Revenue model</emphasis>: charging content "
"creators an author processing charge to be featured in the journal"
msgstr ""
#. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><blockquote><para>
-#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:7451
+#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:7888
msgid "<emphasis role=\"strong\">Interview date</emphasis>: March 7, 2016"
msgstr ""
#. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><blockquote><para>
-#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:7453
+#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:7891
msgid ""
"<emphasis role=\"strong\">Interviewee</emphasis>: Louise Page, publisher"
msgstr ""
#. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para>
-#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:7461
+#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:7899
msgid ""
"The Public Library of Science (PLOS) began in 2000 when three leading "
"scientists—Harold E. Varmus, Patrick O. Brown, and Michael Eisen—started an "
msgstr ""
#. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para>
-#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:7475
+#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:7913
msgid ""
"Traditionally, academic publishing begins with an author submitting a "
"manuscript to a publisher. After in-house technical and ethical "
msgstr ""
#. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para>
-#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:7486
+#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:7924
msgid ""
"For Louise Page, the current publisher of PLOS, this traditional model "
"results in inequity. Access is restricted to those who can pay. Most "
msgstr ""
#. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para>
-#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:7498
+#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:7936
msgid ""
"That new model became known as open access. That is, free and open "
"availability on the Internet. Open-access research articles are not behind a "
msgstr ""
#. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para>
-#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:7510
+#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:7948
msgid ""
"However, open access requires rethinking the business model of research "
"publication. Rather than charge a subscription fee to access the journal, "
msgstr ""
#. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para>
-#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:7522
+#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:7960
msgid ""
"Calculating the article-processing charge involves taking all the costs "
"associated with publishing the journal and determining a cost per article "
msgstr ""
#. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para>
-#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:7531
+#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:7969
msgid ""
"PLOS believes that lack of funds should not be a barrier to publication. "
"Since its inception, PLOS has provided fee support for individuals and "
msgstr ""
#. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para>
-#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:7537
+#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:7975
msgid ""
"Louise identifies marketing as one area of big difference between PLOS and "
"traditional journal publishers. Traditional journals have to invest heavily "
msgstr ""
#. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para>
-#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:7554
+#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:7992
msgid ""
"For Louise, PLOS would not exist without the Attribution license (CC BY). "
"This makes it very clear what rights are associated with the content and "
msgstr ""
#. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para>
-#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:7562
+#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:8000
msgid ""
"PLOS also has a broad open-data policy. To get their research paper "
"published, PLOS authors must also make their data available in a public "
msgstr ""
#. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para>
-#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:7567
+#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:8005
msgid ""
"Business-operation costs associated with the open-access model still largely "
"follow the existing publishing model. PLOS journals are online only, but the "
msgstr ""
#. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para>
-#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:7576
+#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:8014
msgid ""
"Researchers are influenced by journal rankings, which reflect the place of a "
"journal within its field, the relative difficulty of being published in that "
msgstr ""
#. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para>
-#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:7582
+#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:8020
msgid ""
"The promotion and tenure of researchers are partially based how many times "
"other researchers cite their articles. Louise says when researchers want to "
msgstr ""
#. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para>
-#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:7591
+#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:8029
msgid ""
"Louise believes that open access has been a huge success, progressing from a "
"movement led by a small cadre of researchers to something that is now "
msgstr ""
#. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para>
-#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:7599
+#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:8037
msgid ""
"PLOS further disrupted the traditional journal-publishing model by "
"pioneering the concept of a megajournal. The PLOS ONE megajournal, launched "
msgstr ""
#. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para>
-#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:7623
+#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:8061
msgid ""
"Louise outlined some other aspects of the research-journal business model "
"PLOS is experimenting with, describing each as a kind of slider that could "
msgstr ""
#. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para>
-#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:7628
+#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:8066
msgid ""
"One slider is time to publication. Time to publication may shorten as "
"journals get better at providing quicker decisions to authors. However, "
msgstr ""
#. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para>
-#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:7635
+#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:8073
msgid ""
"Peer review is another part of the process that could change. It’s possible "
"to redefine what peer review actually is, when to review, and what "
msgstr ""
#. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para>
-#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:7647
+#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:8085
msgid ""
"Louise says research with negative outcomes is almost as important as "
"positive results. If journals published more research with negative "
msgstr ""
#. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para>
-#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:7654
+#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:8092
msgid ""
"Another adjustable practice is the sharing of articles at early preprint "
"stages. Publication of research in a peer-reviewed journal can take a long "
msgstr ""
#. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para>
-#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:7672
+#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:8110
msgid ""
"What constitutes a journal article could also change. The idea of a research "
"article as printed, bound, and in a library stack is outdated. Digital and "
msgstr ""
#. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para><footnote><para>
-#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:7686
+#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:8126
msgid "<ulink url=\"http://collections.plos.org\"/>"
msgstr ""
#. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para><footnote><para>
-#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:7690
+#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:8134
msgid "<ulink url=\"http://plos.org/article-level-metrics\"/>"
msgstr ""
#. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para>
-#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:7682
+#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:8120
msgid ""
"As journals scale up, and new journals are introduced, more and more "
"information is being pushed out to readers, making the experience feel like "
msgstr ""
#. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para>
-#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:7695
+#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:8141
msgid ""
"The big picture for PLOS going forward is to combine and adjust these "
"experimental practices in ways that continue to improve accessibility and "
msgstr ""
#. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para>
-#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:7705
+#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:8151
msgid ""
"For PLOS, success is not about revenue. Success is about proving that "
"scientific research can be communicated rapidly and economically at scale, "
msgstr ""
#. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para>
-#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:7715
+#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:8161
msgid ""
"Ultimately, for PLOS, its authors, and its readers, success is about making "
"research discoverable, available, and reproducible for the advancement of "
msgstr ""
#. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><title>
-#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:7721
+#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:8168
msgid "Rijksmuseum"
msgstr ""
#. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><blockquote><para>
-#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:7724
+#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:8171
msgid ""
"The Rijksmuseum is a Dutch national museum dedicated to art and history. "
"Founded in 1800 in the Netherlands"
msgstr ""
#. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><blockquote><para>
-#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:7728
+#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:8175
msgid "<ulink url=\"http://www.rijksmuseum.nl\"/>"
msgstr ""
#. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><blockquote><para>
-#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:7730
+#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:8178
msgid ""
"<emphasis role=\"strong\">Revenue model</emphasis>: grants and government "
"funding, charging for in-person version (museum admission), selling "
msgstr ""
#. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><blockquote><para>
-#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:7734
+#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:8183
msgid "<emphasis role=\"strong\">Interview date</emphasis>: December 11, 2015"
msgstr ""
#. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><blockquote><para>
-#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:7737
+#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:8187
msgid ""
"<emphasis role=\"strong\">Interviewee</emphasis>: Lizzy Jongma, the data "
"manager of the collections information department"
msgstr ""
#. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para>
-#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:7745
+#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:8195
msgid ""
"The Rijksmuseum, a national museum in the Netherlands dedicated to art and "
"history, has been housed in its current building since 1885. The monumental "
msgstr ""
#. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para>
-#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:7761
+#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:8211
msgid ""
"By the time Lizzy Jongma joined the Rijksmuseum in 2011 as a data manager, "
"staff were fed up with the situation the museum was in. They also realized "
msgstr ""
#. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para>
-#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:7775
+#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:8225
msgid ""
"It was effective but a bit boring. It was just data. A hackathon they were "
"invited to got them to start talking about events like that as having "
msgstr ""
#. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para><footnote><para>
-#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:7786
+#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:8238
msgid "<ulink url=\"http://www.europeana.eu/portal/en\"/>"
msgstr ""
#. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para>
-#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:7784
+#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:8234
msgid ""
"Then, Lizzy says, Europeana came along. Europeana is Europe’s digital "
"library, museum, and archive for cultural heritage.<placeholder type="
msgstr ""
#. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para>
-#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:7798
+#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:8252
msgid ""
"They realized that they don’t <quote>own</quote> the collection and couldn’t "
"realistically monitor and enforce compliance with the restrictive licensing "
msgstr ""
#. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para>
-#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:7811
+#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:8265
msgid ""
"In 2011 the Rijksmuseum began making their digital photos of works known to "
"be free of copyright available online, using Creative Commons CC0 to place "
msgstr ""
#. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para>
-#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:7825
+#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:8279
msgid ""
"In 2013 the Rijksmuseum changed its business model. They Creative Commons "
"licensed their highest-quality images and released them online for free. "
msgstr ""
#. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para>
-#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:7836
+#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:8290
msgid ""
"Releasing these high-quality images for free reduced the number of poor-"
"quality images that were proliferating. The high-quality image of Vermeer’s "
msgstr ""
#. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para>
-#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:7851
+#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:8305
msgid ""
"Every museum tends to be driven by the number of physical visitors. The "
"Rijksmuseum is primarily publicly funded, receiving roughly 70 percent of "
msgstr ""
#. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para>
-#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:7859
+#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:8313
msgid ""
"As museums create a digital presence for themselves and put up digital "
"representations of their collection online, there’s frequently a worry that "
msgstr ""
#. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para><footnote><para>
-#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:7879
+#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:8335
msgid "<ulink url=\"http://www.rijksmuseum.nl/en/rijksstudio\"/>"
msgstr ""
#. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para>
-#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:7873
+#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:8327
msgid ""
"In 2011 the Rijksmuseum received €1 million from the Dutch lottery to create "
"a new web presence that would be different from any other museum’s. In "
msgstr ""
#. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para>
-#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:7882
+#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:8340
msgid ""
"The Rijksstudio gives users access to over two hundred thousand high-quality "
"digital representations of masterworks from the collection. Users can zoom "
msgstr ""
#. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para>
-#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:7893
+#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:8351
msgid ""
"Users have created over 276,000 Rijksstudios, generating their own themed "
"virtual exhibitions on a wide variety of topics ranging from tapestries to "
msgstr ""
#. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para>
-#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:7900
+#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:8358
msgid ""
"Some contemporary artists who have works in the Rijksmuseum collection "
"contacted them to ask why their works were not included in the Rijksstudio. "
msgstr ""
#. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para><footnote><para>
-#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:7920
+#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:8380
msgid ""
"<ulink url=\"http://www.etsy.com/ca/listing/175696771/fringe-kimono-silk-"
"kimono-kimono-robe\"/>"
msgstr ""
#. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para>
-#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:7911
+#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:8369
msgid ""
"The Rijksmuseum believes that art stimulates entrepreneurial activity. The "
"line between creative and commercial can be blurry. As Lizzy says, even "
msgstr ""
#. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para><footnote><para>
-#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:7924
+#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:8388
msgid ""
"<ulink url=\"http://www.rijksmuseum.nl/en/rijksstudio-award\"/>; the 2014 "
"award: <ulink url=\"http://www.rijksmuseum.nl/en/rijksstudio-award-2014\"/>; "
msgstr ""
#. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para><footnote><para>
-#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:7936
+#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:8404
msgid ""
"<ulink url=\"http://www.rijksmuseum.nl/nl/rijksstudio/142328--nominees-"
"rijksstudio-award/creaties/ba595afe-452d-46bd-9c8c-48dcbdd7f0a4\"/>"
msgstr ""
#. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para>
-#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:7923
+#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:8385
msgid ""
"In 2013 the Rijksmuseum organized their first high-profile design "
"competition, known as the Rijksstudio Award.<placeholder type=\"footnote\" "
msgstr ""
#. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para>
-#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:7942
+#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:8412
msgid ""
"For the next iteration of the Rijksstudio, the Rijksmuseum is considering an "
"upload tool, for people to upload their own works of art, and enhanced "
msgstr ""
#. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para>
-#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:7948
+#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:8418
msgid ""
"Going with a more open business model generated lots of publicity for the "
"Rijksmuseum. They were one of the first museums to open up their collection "
msgstr ""
#. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para>
-#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:7957
+#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:8427
msgid ""
"The Rijksmuseum has been experimenting with other ways to invite the public "
"to look at and interact with their collection. On an international day "
msgstr ""
#. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para>
-#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:7970
+#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:8440
msgid ""
"For the Rijksmuseum, adopting an open business model was scary. They came "
"up with many worst-case scenarios, imagining all kinds of awful things "
msgstr ""
#. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><title>
-#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:7990
+#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:8461
msgid "Shareable"
msgstr ""
#. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><blockquote><para>
-#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:7993
+#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:8464
msgid ""
"Shareable is an online magazine about sharing. Founded in 2009 in the U.S."
msgstr ""
#. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><blockquote><para>
-#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:7997
+#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:8468
msgid "<ulink url=\"http://www.shareable.net\"/>"
msgstr ""
#. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><blockquote><para>
-#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:7999
+#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:8471
msgid ""
"<emphasis role=\"strong\">Revenue model</emphasis>: grant funding, "
"crowdfunding (project-based), donations, sponsorships"
msgstr ""
#. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><blockquote><para>
-#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:8002
+#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:8475
msgid "<emphasis role=\"strong\">Interview date</emphasis>: February 24, 2016"
msgstr ""
#. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><blockquote><para>
-#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:8005
+#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:8479
msgid ""
"<emphasis role=\"strong\">Interviewee</emphasis>: Neal Gorenflo, cofounder "
"and executive editor"
msgstr ""
#. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para>
-#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:8013
+#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:8487
msgid ""
"In 2013, Shareable faced an impasse. The nonprofit online publication had "
"helped start a sharing movement four years prior, but over time, they "
msgstr ""
#. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para>
-#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:8024
+#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:8498
msgid ""
"As an organization, Shareable decided to draw a line in the sand. In 2013, "
"the cofounder and executive editor Neal Gorenflo wrote an opinion piece in "
msgstr ""
#. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para>
-#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:8036
+#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:8510
msgid ""
"Neal said their public critique of the corporate sharing economy defined "
"what Shareable was and is. He does not think the magazine would still be "
msgstr ""
#. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para>
-#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:8046
+#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:8520
msgid ""
"Interestingly, impassioned supporters are only a small sliver of Shareable’s "
"total audience. Most are casual readers who come across a Shareable story "
msgstr ""
#. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para>
-#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:8057
+#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:8531
msgid ""
"Shareable is a magazine, but the content they publish is a means to "
"furthering their role as a leader and catalyst of a movement. Shareable "
msgstr ""
#. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para>
-#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:8069
+#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:8543
msgid ""
"They have worked hard to find ways to tell stories that show different "
"metrics for success. <quote>We wanted to change the notion of what "
msgstr ""
#. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para>
-#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:8081
+#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:8555
msgid ""
"More than half of Shareable’s stories are written by paid journalists that "
"are contracted by the magazine. <quote>Particularly in content areas that "
msgstr ""
#. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para>
-#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:8096
+#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:8570
msgid ""
"All of Shareable’s original content is published under the Attribution "
"license (CC BY), meaning it can be used for any purpose as long as credit is "
msgstr ""
#. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para>
-#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:8111
+#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:8585
msgid ""
"In addition to their regular news and commentary online, Shareable has also "
"experimented with book publishing. In 2012, they worked with a traditional "
msgstr ""
#. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para>
-#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:8121
+#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:8595
msgid ""
"In 2016, Shareable self-published a book of curated Shareable stories called "
"How to: Share, Save Money and Have Fun. The book was available for sale, but "
msgstr ""
#. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para>
-#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:8128
+#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:8602
msgid ""
"This recent book is one of many fund-raising experiments Shareable has "
"conducted in recent years. Currently, Shareable is primarily funded by "
msgstr ""
#. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para>
-#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:8138
+#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:8612
msgid ""
"For Shareable, success is very much about their impact on the world. This is "
"true for Neal, but also for everyone who works for Shareable. <quote>We "
msgstr ""
#. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para>
-#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:8151
+#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:8625
msgid ""
"In 2013, Shareable ran its first crowdfunding campaign to launch their "
"Sharing Cities Network. Neal said at first they were on pace to fail "
msgstr ""
#. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para>
-#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:8161
+#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:8635
msgid ""
"For Neal, this symbolized how so much of success comes down to "
"relationships. Over time, Shareable has invested time and energy into the "
msgstr ""
#. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para>
-#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:8168
+#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:8642
msgid ""
"Shareable began hosting events in 2010. These events were designed to bring "
"the sharing community together. But over time they realized they could reach "
msgstr ""
#. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para>
-#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:8185
+#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:8659
msgid ""
"Neal says Shareable stumbled upon this strategy, but it seems to perfectly "
"encapsulate just how the commons is supposed to work. Rather than a one-"
msgstr ""
#. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><title>
-#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:8193
+#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:8667
msgid "Siyavula"
msgstr ""
#. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><blockquote><para>
-#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:8196
+#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:8670
msgid ""
"Siyavula is a for-profit educational-technology company that creates "
"textbooks and integrated learning experiences. Founded in 2012 in South "
msgstr ""
#. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><blockquote><para>
-#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:8201
+#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:8675
msgid "<ulink url=\"http://www.siyavula.com\"/>"
msgstr ""
#. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><blockquote><para>
-#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:8203
+#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:8678
msgid ""
"<emphasis role=\"strong\">Revenue model</emphasis>: charging for custom "
"services, sponsorships"
msgstr ""
#. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><blockquote><para>
-#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:8206
+#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:8682
msgid "<emphasis role=\"strong\">Interview date</emphasis>: April 5, 2016"
msgstr ""
#. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><blockquote><para>
-#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:8208
+#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:8685
msgid "<emphasis role=\"strong\">Interviewee</emphasis>: Mark Horner, CEO"
msgstr ""
#. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para>
-#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:8215
+#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:8692
msgid ""
"Openness is a key principle for Siyavula. They believe that every learner "
"and teacher should have access to high-quality educational resources, as "
msgstr ""
#. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para>
-#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:8223
+#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:8700
msgid ""
"In terms of creating an open business model that involves Creative Commons, "
"Siyavula—and its founder, Mark Horner—have been around the block a few "
msgstr ""
#. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para>
-#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:8230
+#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:8707
msgid ""
"It all started in 2002, when Mark and several other colleagues at the "
"University of Cape Town in South Africa founded the Free High School Science "
msgstr ""
#. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para><footnote><para>
-#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:8241
+#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:8720
msgid "<ulink url=\"http://www.gnu.org/licenses/fdl\"/>"
msgstr ""
#. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para>
-#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:8238
+#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:8715
msgid ""
"As physicists, Mark and his colleagues were advocates of open-source "
"software. To make the books open and free, they adopted the Free Software "
msgstr ""
#. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para>
-#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:8247
+#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:8728
msgid ""
"In 2007, the Shuttleworth Foundation offered funding support to make the "
"textbooks available for trial use at more schools. Surveys before and after "
msgstr ""
#. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para>
-#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:8255
+#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:8736
msgid ""
"But the development of new textbooks froze at this stage. Mark shifted his "
"focus to rural schools, which didn’t have textbooks at all, and looked into "
msgstr ""
#. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para><footnote><para>
-#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:8265
+#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:8748
msgid "<ulink url=\"http://www.capetowndeclaration.org\"/>"
msgstr ""
#. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para>
-#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:8261
+#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:8742
msgid ""
"In 2007, Shuttleworth and the Open Society Institute convened a group of "
"open-education activists for a small but lively meeting in Cape Town. One "
msgstr ""
#. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para>
-#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:8270
+#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:8755
msgid ""
"They wrote six original textbooks. A small publishing company offered "
"Shuttleworth the option to buy out the publisher’s existing K–9 content for "
msgstr ""
#. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para>
-#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:8278
+#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:8763
msgid ""
"Mark wanted to build out the remaining curricula collaboratively through "
"communities of practice—that is, with fellow educators and writers. Although "
msgstr ""
#. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para><footnote><para>
-#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:8297
+#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:8784
msgid "<ulink url=\"http://cnx.org\"/>"
msgstr ""
#. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para>
-#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:8293
+#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:8778
msgid ""
"Not only did Mark want the resources to be shareable, he wanted all teachers "
"to be able to remix and edit the content. Mark and his team had to come up "
msgstr ""
#. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para>
-#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:8301
+#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:8790
msgid ""
"Then the Shuttleworth Foundation decided to completely restructure its work "
"as a foundation into a fellowship model (for reasons completely unrelated to "
msgstr ""
#. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para>
-#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:8308
+#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:8797
msgid ""
"Mark and his team experimented with several different strategies. They "
"tried creating an authoring and hosting platform called Full Marks so that "
msgstr ""
#. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para>
-#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:8316
+#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:8805
msgid ""
"Then the South African government approached Siyavula with an interest in "
"printing out the original six Free High School Science Texts (math and "
msgstr ""
#. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para>
-#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:8324
+#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:8813
msgid ""
"They began to conceive of the six books as having massive marketing "
"potential for Siyavula. Printing Siyavula books for every kid in South "
msgstr ""
#. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para>
-#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:8333
+#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:8822
msgid ""
"Mark and his team began imagining what they could develop beyond what was in "
"the textbooks as a service they charge for. One key thing you can’t do well "
msgstr ""
#. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para>
-#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:8346
+#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:8835
msgid ""
"The costs for using Intelligent Practice were set very low, making it "
"accessible even to those with limited financial means. Siyavula was going "
msgstr ""
#. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para>
-#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:8352
+#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:8841
msgid ""
"The government distributed the books to 1.5 million students, but there was "
"an unexpected wrinkle: the books were delivered late. Rather than wait, "
msgstr ""
#. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para>
-#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:8361
+#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:8850
msgid ""
"Siyavula’s site did see a dramatic increase in traffic. They got five "
"hundred thousand visitors per month to their math site and the same number "
msgstr ""
#. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para>
-#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:8370
+#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:8859
msgid ""
"At first, the Intelligent Practice services could only be paid using a "
"credit card. This proved problematic, especially for those in the low-income "
msgstr ""
#. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para>
-#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:8379
+#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:8868
msgid ""
"Mark describes this as the first version of Siyavula’s business model: open "
"textbooks serving as marketing material and driving traffic to your site, "
msgstr ""
#. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para>
-#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:8385
+#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:8874
msgid ""
"For Mark a key decision for Siyavula’s business was to focus on how they can "
"add value on top of their basic service. They’ll charge only if they are "
msgstr ""
#. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para>
-#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:8394
+#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:8883
msgid ""
"Version two of Siyavula’s business model was a big, ambitious idea—scale up. "
"They also decided to sell the Intelligent Practice service to schools "
msgstr ""
#. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para>
-#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:8405
+#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:8894
msgid ""
"Teachers get a dashboard that allows them to monitor the progress of an "
"entire class or view an individual learner’s results. They can see the "
msgstr ""
#. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para>
-#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:8414
+#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:8903
msgid ""
"Based on the success of this effort, Siyavula decided to substantially "
"increase the production of open educational resources so they could provide "
msgstr ""
#. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para><footnote><para>
-#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:8425
+#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:8916
msgid "<ulink url=\"http://www.siyavula.com/products-primary-school.html\"/>"
msgstr ""
#. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para>
-#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:8422
+#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:8911
msgid ""
"In partnership with, and sponsored by, the Sasol Inzalo Foundation, Siyavula "
"produced a series of natural sciences and technology workbooks for grades 4 "
msgstr ""
#. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para>
-#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:8429
+#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:8922
msgid ""
"Through this experience, Siyavula learned they could get sponsors to help "
"fund openly licensed textbooks. It helped that Siyavula had by this time "
msgstr ""
#. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para>
-#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:8439
+#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:8932
msgid ""
"The Siyavula books that are reviewed, approved, and branded by the "
"government are freely and openly available on Siyavula’s website under an "
msgstr ""
#. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para>
-#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:8447
+#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:8940
msgid ""
"Although the South African government paid to print and distribute hard "
"copies of the books to schoolkids, Siyavula itself received no funding from "
msgstr ""
#. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para>
-#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:8458
+#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:8951
msgid ""
"Using Siyavula books generated huge savings for the government. Providing "
"students with a traditionally published grade 12 science or math textbook "
msgstr ""
#. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para>
-#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:8468
+#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:8961
msgid ""
"Just as Siyavula was planning to scale up the production of open textbooks "
"even more, the South African government changed its textbook policy. To save "
msgstr ""
#. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para>
-#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:8476
+#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:8969
msgid ""
"Rather than producing more textbooks, Siyavula focused on improving its "
"Intelligent Practice technology for its existing books. Mark calls this "
msgstr ""
#. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para>
-#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:8487
+#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:8980
msgid ""
"Mark says sales are way up, and they are really nailing Intelligent "
"Practice. Schools continue to use their open textbooks. The government-"
msgstr ""
#. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para>
-#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:8494
+#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:8987
msgid ""
"Siyavula is exploring a range of enhancements to their business model. These "
"include charging a small amount for assessment services provided over the "
msgstr ""
#. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para>
-#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:8502
+#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:8995
msgid ""
"Siyavula is a for-profit business but one with a social mission. Their "
"shareholders’ agreement lists lots of requirements around openness for "
msgstr ""
#. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><title>
-#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:8518
+#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:9012
msgid "SparkFun"
msgstr ""
#. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><blockquote><para>
-#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:8521
+#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:9015
msgid ""
"SparkFun is an online electronics retailer specializing in open hardware. "
"Founded in 2003 in the U.S."
msgstr ""
#. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><blockquote><para>
-#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:8525
+#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:9019
msgid "<ulink url=\"http://www.sparkfun.com\"/>"
msgstr ""
#. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><blockquote><para>
-#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:8527
+#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:9022
msgid ""
"<emphasis role=\"strong\">Revenue model</emphasis>: charging for physical "
"copies (electronics sales)"
msgstr ""
#. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><blockquote><para>
-#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:8530
+#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:9026
msgid "<emphasis role=\"strong\">Interview date</emphasis>: February 29, 2016"
msgstr ""
#. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><blockquote><para>
-#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:8533
+#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:9030
msgid ""
"<emphasis role=\"strong\">Interviewee</emphasis>: Nathan Seidle, founder"
msgstr ""
#. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para>
-#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:8541
+#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:9038
msgid ""
"SparkFun founder and former CEO Nathan Seidle has a picture of himself "
"holding up a clone of a SparkFun product in an electronics market in China, "
msgstr ""
#. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para>
-#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:8547
+#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:9045
msgid ""
"<quote>Being copied is the greatest earmark of flattery and success,</quote> "
"Nathan said. <quote>I thought it was so cool that they were selling to a "
msgstr ""
#. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para>
-#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:8553
+#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:9051
msgid ""
"This worldview runs through everything SparkFun does. SparkFun is an "
"electronics manufacturer. The company sells its products directly to the "
msgstr ""
#. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para>
-#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:8562
+#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:9060
msgid ""
"Nathan believes open licensing is good for the world. <quote>It touches on "
"our natural human instinct to share,</quote> he said. But he also strongly "
msgstr ""
#. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para>
-#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:8571
+#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:9070
msgid ""
"<quote>We compete on business principles,</quote> Nathan said. "
"<quote>Claiming your territory with intellectual property allows you to get "
msgstr ""
#. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para>
-#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:8577
+#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:9076
msgid ""
"The result is an intense company-wide focus on product development and "
"improvement. <quote>Our products are so much better than they were five "
msgstr ""
#. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para>
-#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:8587
+#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:9086
msgid ""
"SparkFun parts are available on eBay for lower prices. But people come "
"directly to SparkFun because SparkFun makes their lives easier. The example "
msgstr ""
#. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para>
-#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:8597
+#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:9096
msgid ""
"SparkFun’s company history began in Nathan’s college dorm room. He spent a "
"lot of time experimenting with and building electronics, and he realized "
msgstr ""
#. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para>
-#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:8609
+#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:9108
msgid ""
"Once he started designing his own products, he began putting the software "
"and schematics online to help with technical support. After doing some "
msgstr ""
#. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para>
-#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:8618
+#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:9117
msgid ""
"The company has grown from a solo project to a corporation with 140 "
"employees. In 2015, SparkFun earned $33 million in revenue. Selling "
msgstr ""
#. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para>
-#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:8627
+#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:9126
msgid ""
"SparkFun also has an educational department dedicated to creating a hands-on "
"curriculum to teach students about electronics using prototyping parts. "
msgstr ""
#. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para>
-#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:8634
+#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:9134
msgid ""
"<quote>We have the burden and opportunity to educate the next generation of "
"technical citizens,</quote> Nathan said. <quote>Our goal is to affect the "
msgstr ""
#. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para>
-#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:8640
+#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:9140
msgid ""
"The Creative Commons license underlying all of SparkFun’s products is "
"central to this mission. The license not only signals a willingness to "
msgstr ""
#. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para>
-#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:8651
+#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:9151
msgid ""
"From the beginning, Nathan has tried to create a work environment at "
"SparkFun that he himself would want to work in. The result is what appears "
msgstr ""
#. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para>
-#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:8662
+#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:9162
msgid ""
"The public event, called the Autonomous Vehicle Competition, brings in a "
"thousand to two thousand customers and other technology enthusiasts from "
msgstr ""
#. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para>
-#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:8676
+#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:9176
msgid ""
"Nathan has worked hard to imbue a deeper meaning into the work SparkFun "
"does. The company is, of course, focused on being fiscally responsible, but "
msgstr ""
#. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para>
-#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:8686
+#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:9186
msgid ""
"The company is committed to transparency and shares all of its financials "
"with its employees. They also generally strive to avoid being another "
msgstr ""
#. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para>
-#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:8693
+#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:9193
msgid ""
"SparkFun’s customer base is largely made up of industrious electronics "
"enthusiasts. They have customers who are regularly involved in the company’s "
msgstr ""
#. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para>
-#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:8705
+#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:9205
msgid ""
"However, this sort of customer engagement does not always translate to "
"people actively contributing to SparkFun’s projects. The company has a "
msgstr ""
#. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para>
-#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:8716
+#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:9216
msgid ""
"Rather than focusing on cocreation with their customers, SparkFun instead "
"focuses on enabling people to copy, tinker, and improve products on their "
msgstr ""
#. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para>
-#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:8726
+#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:9226
msgid ""
"Obviously, opening up the design of their products is a necessary step if "
"their goal is to empower the public. Nathan also firmly believes it makes "
msgstr ""
#. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><title>
-#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:8740
+#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:9240
msgid "TeachAIDS"
msgstr ""
#. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><blockquote><para>
-#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:8743
+#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:9243
msgid ""
"TeachAIDS is a nonprofit that creates educational materials designed to "
"teach people around the world about HIV and AIDS. Founded in 2005 in the U."
msgstr ""
#. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><blockquote><para>
-#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:8748
+#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:9248
msgid "<ulink url=\"http://teachaids.org\"/>"
msgstr ""
#. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><blockquote><para>
-#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:8750
+#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:9251
msgid "<emphasis role=\"strong\">Revenue model</emphasis>: sponsorships"
msgstr ""
#. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><blockquote><para>
-#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:8752
+#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:9254
msgid "<emphasis role=\"strong\">Interview date</emphasis>: March 24, 2016"
msgstr ""
#. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><blockquote><para>
-#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:8755
+#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:9258
msgid ""
"<emphasis role=\"strong\">Interviewees</emphasis>: Piya Sorcar, the CEO, and "
"Shuman Ghosemajumder, the chair"
msgstr ""
#. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para>
-#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:8763
+#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:9266
msgid ""
"TeachAIDS is an unconventional media company with a conventional revenue "
"model. Like most media companies, they are subsidized by advertising. "
msgstr ""
#. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para>
-#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:8769
+#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:9272
msgid ""
"But unlike most media companies, Teach-AIDS is a nonprofit organization with "
"a purely social mission. TeachAIDS is dedicated to educating the global "
msgstr ""
#. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para>
-#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:8782
+#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:9285
msgid ""
"TeachAIDS is a labor of love for founder and CEO Piya Sorcar, who earns a "
"salary of one dollar per year from the nonprofit. The project grew out of "
msgstr ""
#. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para>
-#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:8802
+#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:9305
msgid ""
"In late 2005, Piya and her team used research-based design to create new "
"educational materials and worked with local partners in India to help "
msgstr ""
#. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para>
-#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:8814
+#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:9317
msgid ""
"Very shortly after the initial release, Piya’s team decided to spin the "
"endeavor into an independent nonprofit out of Stanford University. They also "
msgstr ""
#. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para>
-#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:8820
+#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:9323
msgid ""
"Given their educational mission, TeachAIDS had an obvious interest in seeing "
"the materials as widely shared as possible. But they also needed to preserve "
msgstr ""
#. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para>
-#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:8836
+#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:9339
msgid ""
"Choosing a license that does not allow adaptation of the content was an "
"outgrowth of the careful precision with which TeachAIDS crafts their "
msgstr ""
#. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para>
-#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:8845
+#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:9348
msgid ""
"One important finding was that people accept the message best when it comes "
"from familiar voices they trust and admire. To achieve this, TeachAIDS "
msgstr ""
#. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para>
-#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:8854
+#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:9357
msgid ""
"Localization is probably the single-most important aspect of the way "
"TeachAIDS creates its content. While each regional version builds from the "
msgstr ""
#. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para>
-#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:8869
+#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:9372
msgid ""
"The localization process relies heavily on volunteers. Their volunteer base "
"is deeply committed to the cause, and the organization has had better luck "
msgstr ""
#. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para>
-#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:8885
+#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:9388
msgid ""
"TeachAIDS employs full-time employees, contractors, and volunteers, all in "
"different capacities and organizational configurations. They are careful to "
msgstr ""
#. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para>
-#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:8905
+#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:9408
msgid ""
"Piya’s team was able to produce all of these versions over several years "
"with a head count that never exceeded eight full-time employees. The "
msgstr ""
#. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para>
-#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:8918
+#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:9421
msgid ""
"Like many content creators offering their work for free, they settled on "
"advertising as a funding model. But they were extremely careful not to let "
msgstr ""
#. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para>
-#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:8929
+#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:9432
msgid ""
"TeachAIDS is careful not to seek funding to cover the costs of a specific "
"project. Instead, sponsorships are structured as unrestricted donations to "
msgstr ""
#. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para>
-#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:8939
+#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:9442
msgid ""
"As of 2016, TeachAIDS has dozens of sponsors. <quote>When we go into a new "
"country, various companies hear about us and reach out to us,</quote> Piya "
msgstr ""
#. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para>
-#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:8953
+#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:9456
msgid ""
"Importantly, the value to corporate sponsors goes beyond commercial "
"considerations. As a nonprofit with a clearly articulated social mission, "
msgstr ""
#. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para>
-#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:8962
+#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:9465
msgid ""
"The core mission of TeachAIDS—ensuring global access to life-saving education"
"—is at the root of everything the organization does. It underpins the work; "
msgstr ""
#. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><title>
-#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:8972
+#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:9475
msgid "Tribe of Noise"
msgstr ""
#. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><blockquote><para>
-#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:8975
+#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:9478
msgid ""
"Tribe of Noise is a for-profit online music platform serving the film, TV, "
"video, gaming, and in-store-media industries. Founded in 2008 in the "
msgstr ""
#. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><blockquote><para>
-#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:8980
+#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:9483
msgid "<ulink url=\"http://www.tribeofnoise.com\"/>"
msgstr ""
#. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><blockquote><para>
-#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:8985
+#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:9490
msgid "<emphasis role=\"strong\">Interview date</emphasis>: January 26, 2016"
msgstr ""
#. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><blockquote><para>
-#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:8988
+#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:9494
msgid ""
"<emphasis role=\"strong\">Interviewee</emphasis>: Hessel van Oorschot, "
"cofounder"
msgstr ""
#. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para>
-#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:8996
+#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:9502
msgid ""
"In the early 2000s, Hessel van Oorschot was an entrepreneur running a "
"business where he coached other midsize entrepreneurs how to create an "
msgstr ""
#. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para>
-#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:9005
+#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:9511
msgid ""
"In 2005, Hessel and Sandra Brandenburg launched a niche video-production "
"initiative. Almost immediately, they ran into issues around finding and "
msgstr ""
#. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para>
-#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:9015
+#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:9521
msgid ""
"They hired two lawyers to investigate further, and while they uncovered five "
"or six examples, Hessel found the business models lacking. The lawyers "
msgstr ""
#. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para>
-#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:9025
+#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:9531
msgid ""
"Building a platform posed a real chicken-and-egg problem. The platform had "
"to build an online community of music-rights holders and, at the same time, "
msgstr ""
#. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para>
-#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:9032
+#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:9538
msgid ""
"In July 2008, Tribe of Noise opened its virtual doors with a couple hundred "
"musicians willing to use the CC BY-SA license (Attribution-ShareAlike) for a "
msgstr ""
#. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para><footnote><para>
-#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:9047
+#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:9555
msgid "<ulink url=\"http://www.instoremusicservice.com\"/>"
msgstr ""
#. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para>
-#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:9040
+#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:9546
msgid ""
"As they were growing the community, Hessel got a phone call from a company "
"that made in-store music playlists asking if they had enough music licensed "
msgstr ""
#. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para>
-#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:9050
+#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:9560
msgid ""
"In most countries, artists, authors, and musicians join a collecting society "
"that manages the licensing and helps collect the royalties. Copyright "
msgstr ""
#. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para>
-#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:9071
+#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:9581
msgid ""
"Instead of building a large sales force, Tribe of Noise partnered with big "
"organizations who have lots of clients and can act as a kind of Tribe of "
msgstr ""
#. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para>
-#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:9085
+#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:9595
msgid ""
"Tribe of Noise doesn’t pay the musicians up front; they get paid when their "
"music ends up in Tribe of Noise’s in-store music channels. The musicians’ "
msgstr ""
#. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para><footnote><para>
-#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:9101
+#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:9613
msgid "<ulink url=\"http://www.tribeofnoise.com/info_instoremusic.php\"/>"
msgstr ""
#. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para>
-#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:9093
+#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:9603
msgid ""
"A few of your songs [licensed with CC BY-SA], for example five in total, are "
"selected for a bespoke in-store music channel broadcasting at a large "
msgstr ""
#. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para>
-#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:9104
+#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:9618
msgid ""
"Tribe of Noise has another model that does not involve Creative Commons. In "
"a survey with members, most said they liked the exposure using Creative "
msgstr ""
#. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para>
-#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:9115
+#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:9629
msgid ""
"Hessel’s legal team took this feedback and created a second model and "
"separate area of the platform called Tribe of Noise Pro. Songs uploaded to "
msgstr ""
#. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para>
-#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:9126
+#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:9640
msgid ""
"Tribe of Noise Pro is primarily geared toward media makers who are looking "
"for music. If they buy a license from this catalog, they don’t have to state "
msgstr ""
#. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para>
-#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:9134
+#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:9648
msgid ""
"Lots of Tribe of Noise musicians upload songs to both Tribe of Noise Pro and "
"the community area of Tribe of Noises. There aren’t that many artists who "
msgstr ""
#. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para>
-#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:9140
+#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:9654
msgid ""
"Hessel sees the two as complementary. Both are needed for the model to work. "
"With a whole generation of musicians interested in the sharing economy, the "
msgstr ""
#. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para>
-#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:9148
+#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:9662
msgid ""
"Every musician who joins Tribe of Noise gets their own home page and free "
"unlimited Web space to upload as much of their own music as they like. Tribe "
msgstr ""
#. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para>
-#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:9159
+#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:9673
msgid ""
"Another way Tribe of Noise creates community and interest is with contests, "
"which are organized in partnership with Tribe of Noise clients. The client "
msgstr ""
#. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para>
-#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:9169
+#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:9683
msgid ""
"Tribe of Noise now has twenty-seven thousand members from 192 countries, and "
"many are exploring do-it-yourself models for generating revenue. Some came "
msgstr ""
#. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para>
-#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:9181
+#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:9695
msgid ""
"It’s not uncommon for performance-rights organizations, record labels, or "
"music publishers to sign contracts with musicians based on exclusivity. Such "
msgstr ""
#. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para>
-#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:9198
+#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:9712
msgid ""
"For Hessel the key to Tribe of Noise’s success is trust. The fact that "
"Creative Commons licenses work the same way all over the world and have been "
msgstr ""
#. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><title>
-#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:9210
+#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:9725
msgid "Wikimedia Foundation"
msgstr ""
#. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><blockquote><para>
-#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:9213
+#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:9728
msgid ""
"The Wikimedia Foundation is the nonprofit organization that hosts Wikipedia "
"and its sister projects. Founded in 2003 in the U.S."
msgstr ""
#. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><blockquote><para>
-#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:9218
+#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:9733
msgid "<ulink url=\"http://wikimediafoundation.org\"/>"
msgstr ""
#. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><blockquote><para>
-#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:9220
+#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:9736
msgid "<emphasis role=\"strong\">Revenue model</emphasis>: donations"
msgstr ""
#. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><blockquote><para>
-#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:9222
+#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:9739
msgid "<emphasis role=\"strong\">Interview date</emphasis>: December 18, 2015"
msgstr ""
#. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><blockquote><para>
-#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:9225
+#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:9743
msgid ""
"<emphasis role=\"strong\">Interviewees</emphasis>: Luis Villa, former Chief "
"Officer of Community Engagement, and Stephen LaPorte, legal counsel"
msgstr ""
#. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para>
-#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:9234
+#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:9752
msgid "Nearly every person with an online presence knows Wikipedia."
msgstr ""
#. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para>
-#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:9237
+#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:9755
msgid ""
"In many ways, it is the preeminent open project: The online encyclopedia is "
"created entirely by volunteers. Anyone in the world can edit the articles. "
msgstr ""
#. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para>
-#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:9245
+#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:9763
msgid ""
"As of December 2016, there were more than forty-two million articles in the "
"295 language editions of the online encyclopedia, according to—what else?—"
msgstr ""
#. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para>
-#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:9250
+#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:9768
msgid ""
"The Wikimedia Foundation is a U.S.-based nonprofit organization that owns "
"the Wikipedia domain name and hosts the site, along with many other related "
msgstr ""
#. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para>
-#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:9264
+#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:9782
msgid ""
"As Wikimedia legal counsel Stephen LaPorte told us, <quote>There is a common "
"saying that Wikipedia works in practice but not in theory.</quote> While it "
msgstr ""
#. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para>
-#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:9271
+#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:9789
msgid ""
"Because of its extraordinary breadth and scope, it does feel a bit like a "
"unicorn. Indeed, there is nothing else like Wikipedia. Still, much of what "
msgstr ""
#. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para>
-#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:9280
+#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:9798
msgid ""
"The story of Wikipedia has been told many times. For our purposes, it is "
"enough to know the experiment started in 2001 at a small scale, inspired by "
msgstr ""
#. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para>
-#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:9292
+#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:9810
msgid ""
"The nature of the content the community creates is ideal for asynchronous "
"cocreation. <quote>An encyclopedia is something where incremental community "
msgstr ""
#. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para>
-#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:9316
+#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:9834
msgid ""
"Some of that is directed at servers and general IT support, but the "
"foundation also invests a significant amount on architecture designed to "
msgstr ""
#. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para>
-#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:9332
+#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:9850
msgid ""
"Wikipedia not only relies on good behavior within its community and on its "
"sites, but also by everyone else once the content leaves Wikipedia. All of "
msgstr ""
#. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para><footnote><para>
-#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:9356
+#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:9876
msgid ""
"<ulink url=\"http://gimletmedia.com/episode/14-the-art-of-making-and-fixing-"
"mistakes/\"/>"
msgstr ""
#. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para>
-#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:9344
+#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:9862
msgid ""
"Of course, the primary reason no one has successfully co-opted Wikipedia is "
"that copycat efforts do not have the Wikipedia community to sustain what "
msgstr ""
#. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para>
-#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:9363
+#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:9885
msgid ""
"But the vast majority of us who use Wikipedia are not contributors; we are "
"passive readers. The Wikimedia Foundation survives primarily on individual "
msgstr ""
#. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para>
-#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:9373
+#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:9895
msgid ""
"The foundation has a fund-raising team that works year-round to raise money, "
"but the bulk of their revenue comes in during the December campaign in "
msgstr ""
#. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para>
-#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:9384
+#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:9906
msgid ""
"The vision of the Wikimedia Foundation is a world in which every single "
"human being can freely share in the sum of all knowledge. They work to "
msgstr ""
#. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para>
-#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:9393
+#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:9915
msgid ""
"The philosophy behind the endeavor also enables the foundation to be "
"financially sustainable. It instills trust in their readership, which is "
msgstr ""
#. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para>
-#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:9399
+#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:9921
msgid ""
"Any given edit on Wikipedia could be motivated by nearly an infinite number "
"of reasons. But the social mission of the project is what binds the global "
msgstr ""
#. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para>
-#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:9406
+#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:9928
msgid ""
"Of course, what results from that movement is one of the Internet’s great "
"public resources. <quote>The Internet has a lot of businesses and stores, "
msgstr ""
#. type: Content of: <book><chapter><title>
-#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:9416
+#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:9939
msgid "Bibliography"
msgstr ""
#. type: Content of: <book><chapter><para>
-#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:9418
+#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:9941
msgid ""
"Alperovitz, Gar. What Then Must We Do? Straight Talk about the Next American "
"Revolution; Democratizing Wealth and Building a Community-Sustaining Economy "
msgstr ""
#. type: Content of: <book><chapter><para>
-#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:9424
+#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:9947
msgid ""
"Anderson, Chris. Free: How Today’s Smartest Businesses Profit by Giving "
"Something for Nothing, reprint with new preface. New York: Hyperion, 2010."
msgstr ""
#. type: Content of: <book><chapter><para>
-#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:9429
+#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:9952
msgid "———. Makers: The New Industrial Revolution. New York: Signal, 2012."
msgstr ""
#. type: Content of: <book><chapter><para>
-#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:9432
+#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:9955
msgid ""
"Ariely, Dan. Predictably Irrational: The Hidden Forces That Shape Our "
"Decisions. Rev. ed. New York: Harper Perennial, 2010."
msgstr ""
#. type: Content of: <book><chapter><para>
-#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:9436
+#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:9959
msgid ""
"Bacon, Jono. The Art of Community. 2nd ed. Sebastopol, CA: O’Reilly Media, "
"2012."
msgstr ""
#. type: Content of: <book><chapter><para>
-#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:9440
+#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:9963
msgid ""
"Benkler, Yochai. The Wealth of Networks: How Social Production Transforms "
"Markets and Freedom. New Haven: Yale University Press, 2006. <ulink url="
msgstr ""
#. type: Content of: <book><chapter><para>
-#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:9447
+#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:9970
msgid ""
"Benyayer, Louis-David, ed. Open Models: Business Models of the Open Economy. "
"Cachan, France: Without Model, 2016. <ulink url=\"http://www.slideshare.net/"
msgstr ""
#. type: Content of: <book><chapter><para>
-#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:9453
+#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:9976
msgid ""
"Bollier, David. Commoning as a Transformative Social Paradigm. Paper "
"commissioned by the Next Systems Project. Washington, DC: Democracy "
msgstr ""
#. type: Content of: <book><chapter><para>
-#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:9459
+#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:9982
msgid ""
"———. Think Like a Commoner: A Short Introduction to the Life of the Commons. "
"Gabriola Island, BC: New Society, 2014."
msgstr ""
#. type: Content of: <book><chapter><para>
-#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:9463
+#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:9986
msgid ""
"Bollier, David, and Pat Conaty. Democratic Money and Capital for the "
"Commons: Strategies for Transforming Neoliberal Finance through Commons-"
msgstr ""
#. type: Content of: <book><chapter><para>
-#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:9473
+#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:9996
msgid ""
"Bollier, David, and Silke Helfrich, eds. The Wealth of the Commons: A World "
"Beyond Market and State. Amherst, MA: Levellers Press, 2012."
msgstr ""
#. type: Content of: <book><chapter><para>
-#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:9477
+#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:10000
msgid ""
"Botsman, Rachel, and Roo Rogers. What’s Mine Is Yours: The Rise of "
"Collaborative Consumption. New York: Harper Business, 2010."
msgstr ""
#. type: Content of: <book><chapter><para>
-#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:9481
+#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:10004
msgid ""
"Boyle, James. The Public Domain: Enclosing the Commons of the Mind. New "
"Haven: Yale University Press, 2008."
msgstr ""
#. type: Content of: <book><chapter><para>
-#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:9484
+#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:10008
msgid ""
"<ulink url=\"http://www.thepublicdomain.org/download/\"/> (licensed under CC "
"BY-NC-SA)."
msgstr ""
#. type: Content of: <book><chapter><para>
-#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:9488
+#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:10012
msgid ""
"Capra, Fritjof, and Ugo Mattei. The Ecology of Law: Toward a Legal System in "
"Tune with Nature and Community. Oakland, CA: Berrett-Koehler, 2015."
msgstr ""
#. type: Content of: <book><chapter><para>
-#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:9493
+#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:10017
msgid ""
"Chesbrough, Henry. Open Business Models: How to Thrive in the New Innovation "
"Landscape. Boston: Harvard Business School Press, 2006."
msgstr ""
#. type: Content of: <book><chapter><para>
-#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:9497
+#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:10021
msgid ""
"———. Open Innovation: The New Imperative for Creating and Profiting from "
"Technology. Boston: Harvard Business Review Press, 2006."
msgstr ""
#. type: Content of: <book><chapter><para>
-#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:9501
+#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:10025
msgid ""
"City of Bologna. Regulation on Collaboration between Citizens and the City "
"for the Care and Regeneration of Urban Commons. Translated by LabGov "
msgstr ""
#. type: Content of: <book><chapter><para>
-#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:9508
+#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:10032
msgid ""
"Cole, Daniel H. <quote>Learning from Lin: Lessons and Cautions from the "
"Natural Commons for the Knowledge Commons.</quote> Chap. 2 in Frischmann, "
msgstr ""
#. type: Content of: <book><chapter><para>
-#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:9513
+#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:10037
msgid ""
"Creative Commons. 2015 State of the Commons. Mountain View, CA: Creative "
"Commons, 2015. <ulink url=\"http://stateof.creativecommons.org/2015/\"/>."
msgstr ""
#. type: Content of: <book><chapter><para>
-#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:9518
+#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:10042
msgid ""
"Doctorow, Cory. Information Doesn’t Want to Be Free: Laws for the Internet "
"Age. San Francisco: McSweeney’s, 2014."
msgstr ""
#. type: Content of: <book><chapter><para>
-#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:9522
+#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:10046
msgid ""
"Eckhardt, Giana, and Fleura Bardhi. <quote>The Sharing Economy Isn’t about "
"Sharing at All.</quote> Harvard Business Review, January 28, 2015. <ulink "
msgstr ""
#. type: Content of: <book><chapter><para>
-#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:9528
+#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:10052
msgid ""
"Elliott, Patricia W., and Daryl H. Hepting, eds. (2015). Free Knowledge: "
"Confronting the Commodification of Human Discovery. Regina, SK: University "
msgstr ""
#. type: Content of: <book><chapter><para>
-#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:9535
+#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:10059
msgid ""
"Eyal, Nir. Hooked: How to Build Habit-Forming Products. With Ryan Hoover. "
"New York: Portfolio, 2014."
msgstr ""
#. type: Content of: <book><chapter><para>
-#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:9539
+#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:10063
msgid ""
"Farley, Joshua, and Ida Kubiszewski. <quote>The Economics of Information in "
"a Post-Carbon Economy.</quote> Chap. 11 in Elliott and Hepting, Free "
msgstr ""
#. type: Content of: <book><chapter><para>
-#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:9544
+#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:10068
msgid ""
"Foster, William Landes, Peter Kim, and Barbara Christiansen. <quote>Ten "
"Nonprofit Funding Models.</quote> Stanford Social Innovation Review, Spring "
msgstr ""
#. type: Content of: <book><chapter><para>
-#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:9550
+#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:10074
msgid ""
"Frischmann, Brett M. Infrastructure: The Social Value of Shared Resources. "
"New York: Oxford University Press, 2012."
msgstr ""
#. type: Content of: <book><chapter><para>
-#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:9554
+#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:10078
msgid ""
"Frischmann, Brett M., Michael J. Madison, and Katherine J. Strandburg, eds. "
"Governing Knowledge Commons. New York: Oxford University Press, 2014."
msgstr ""
#. type: Content of: <book><chapter><para>
-#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:9559
+#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:10083
msgid ""
"Frischmann, Brett M., Michael J. Madison, and Katherine J. Strandburg. "
"<quote>Governing Knowledge Commons.</quote> Chap. 1 in Frischmann, Madison, "
msgstr ""
#. type: Content of: <book><chapter><para>
-#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:9564
+#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:10088
msgid ""
"Gansky, Lisa. The Mesh: Why the Future of Business Is Sharing. Reprint with "
"new epilogue. New York: Portfolio, 2012."
msgstr ""
#. type: Content of: <book><chapter><para>
-#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:9568
+#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:10092
msgid ""
"Grant, Adam. Give and Take: Why Helping Others Drives Our Success. New "
"York: Viking, 2013."
msgstr ""
#. type: Content of: <book><chapter><para>
-#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:9572
+#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:10096
msgid ""
"Haiven, Max. Crises of Imagination, Crises of Power: Capitalism, Creativity "
"and the Commons. New York: Zed Books, 2014."
msgstr ""
#. type: Content of: <book><chapter><para>
-#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:9576
+#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:10100
msgid ""
"Harris, Malcom, ed. Share or Die: Voices of the Get Lost Generation in the "
"Age of Crisis. With Neal Gorenflo. Gabriola Island, BC: New Society, 2012."
msgstr ""
#. type: Content of: <book><chapter><para>
-#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:9581
+#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:10105
msgid ""
"Hermida, Alfred. Tell Everyone: Why We Share and Why It Matters. Toronto: "
"Doubleday Canada, 2014."
msgstr ""
#. type: Content of: <book><chapter><para>
-#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:9585
+#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:10109
msgid ""
"Hyde, Lewis. Common as Air: Revolution, Art, and Ownership. New York: "
"Farrar, Straus and Giroux, 2010."
msgstr ""
#. type: Content of: <book><chapter><para>
-#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:9589
+#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:10113
msgid ""
"———. The Gift: Creativity and the Artist in the Modern World. 2nd Vintage "
"Books edition. New York: Vintage Books, 2007."
msgstr ""
#. type: Content of: <book><chapter><para>
-#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:9593
+#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:10117
msgid ""
"Kelley, Tom, and David Kelley. Creative Confidence: Unleashing the Potential "
"within Us All. New York: Crown, 2013."
msgstr ""
#. type: Content of: <book><chapter><para>
-#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:9597
+#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:10121
msgid ""
"Kelly, Marjorie. Owning Our Future: The Emerging Ownership Revolution; "
"Journeys to a Generative Economy. San Francisco: Berrett-Koehler, 2012."
msgstr ""
#. type: Content of: <book><chapter><para>
-#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:9602
+#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:10126
msgid ""
"Kleon, Austin. Show Your Work: 10 Ways to Share Your Creativity and Get "
"Discovered. New York: Workman, 2014."
msgstr ""
#. type: Content of: <book><chapter><para>
-#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:9606
+#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:10130
msgid ""
"———. Steal Like an Artist: 10 Things Nobody Told You about Being Creative. "
"New York: Workman, 2012."
msgstr ""
#. type: Content of: <book><chapter><para>
-#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:9610
+#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:10134
msgid ""
"Kramer, Bryan. Shareology: How Sharing Is Powering the Human Economy. New "
"York: Morgan James, 2016."
msgstr ""
#. type: Content of: <book><chapter><para>
-#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:9614
+#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:10138
msgid ""
"Lee, David. <quote>Inside Medium: An Attempt to Bring Civility to the "
"Internet.</quote> BBC News, March 3, 2016. <ulink url=\"http://www.bbc.com/"
msgstr ""
#. type: Content of: <book><chapter><para>
-#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:9619
+#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:10143
msgid ""
"Lessig, Lawrence. Remix: Making Art and Commerce Thrive in the Hybrid "
"Economy. New York: Penguin Press, 2008."
msgstr ""
#. type: Content of: <book><chapter><para>
-#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:9623
+#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:10147
msgid ""
"Menzies, Heather. Reclaiming the Commons for the Common Good: A Memoir and "
"Manifesto. Gabriola Island, BC: New Society, 2014."
msgstr ""
#. type: Content of: <book><chapter><para>
-#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:9627
+#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:10151
msgid ""
"Mason, Paul. Postcapitalism: A Guide to Our Future. New York: Farrar, Straus "
"and Giroux, 2015."
msgstr ""
#. type: Content of: <book><chapter><para>
-#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:9631
+#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:10155
msgid ""
"New York Times Customer Insight Group. The Psychology of Sharing: Why Do "
"People Share Online? New York: New York Times Customer Insight Group, 2011. "
msgstr ""
#. type: Content of: <book><chapter><para>
-#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:9637
+#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:10161
msgid ""
"Osterwalder, Alex, and Yves Pigneur. Business Model Generation. Hoboken, "
"NJ: John Wiley and Sons, 2010. A preview of the book is available at <ulink "
msgstr ""
#. type: Content of: <book><chapter><para>
-#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:9643
+#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:10167
msgid ""
"Osterwalder, Alex, Yves Pigneur, Greg Bernarda, and Adam Smith. Value "
"Proposition Design. Hoboken, NJ: John Wiley and Sons, 2014. A preview of the "
msgstr ""
#. type: Content of: <book><chapter><para>
-#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:9649
+#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:10173
msgid ""
"Palmer, Amanda. The Art of Asking: Or How I Learned to Stop Worrying and Let "
"People Help. New York: Grand Central, 2014."
msgstr ""
#. type: Content of: <book><chapter><para>
-#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:9653
+#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:10177
msgid ""
"Pekel, Joris. Democratising the Rijksmuseum: Why Did the Rijksmuseum Make "
"Available Their Highest Quality Material without Restrictions, and What Are "
msgstr ""
#. type: Content of: <book><chapter><para>
-#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:9661
+#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:10185
msgid ""
"Ramos, José Maria, ed. The City as Commons: A Policy Reader. Melbourne, "
"Australia: Commons Transition Coalition, 2016. <ulink url=\"http://www."
msgstr ""
#. type: Content of: <book><chapter><para>
-#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:9667
+#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:10191
msgid ""
"Raymond, Eric S. The Cathedral and the Bazaar: Musings on Linux and Open "
"Source by an Accidental Revolutionary. Rev. ed. Sebastopol, CA: O’Reilly "
msgstr ""
#. type: Content of: <book><chapter><para>
-#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:9673
+#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:10197
msgid ""
"Ries, Eric. The Lean Startup: How Today’s Entrepreneurs Use Continuous "
"Innovation to Create Radically Successful Businesses. New York: Crown "
msgstr ""
#. type: Content of: <book><chapter><para>
-#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:9678
+#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:10202
msgid ""
"Rifkin, Jeremy. The Zero Marginal Cost Society: The Internet of Things, the "
"Collaborative Commons, and the Eclipse of Capitalism. New York: Palgrave "
msgstr ""
#. type: Content of: <book><chapter><para>
-#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:9683
+#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:10207
msgid ""
"Rowe, Jonathan. Our Common Wealth. San Francisco: Berrett-Koehler, 2013."
msgstr ""
#. type: Content of: <book><chapter><para>
-#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:9687
+#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:10211
msgid ""
"Rushkoff, Douglas. Throwing Rocks at the Google Bus: How Growth Became the "
"Enemy of Prosperity. New York: Portfolio, 2016."
msgstr ""
#. type: Content of: <book><chapter><para>
-#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:9691
+#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:10215
msgid ""
"Sandel, Michael J. What Money Can’t Buy: The Moral Limits of Markets. New "
"York: Farrar, Straus and Giroux, 2012."
msgstr ""
#. type: Content of: <book><chapter><para>
-#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:9695
+#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:10219
msgid ""
"Shirky, Clay. Cognitive Surplus: How Technology Makes Consumers into "
"Collaborators. London, England: Penguin Books, 2010."
msgstr ""
#. type: Content of: <book><chapter><para>
-#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:9699
+#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:10223
msgid ""
"Slee, Tom. What’s Yours Is Mine: Against the Sharing Economy. New York: OR "
"Books, 2015."
msgstr ""
#. type: Content of: <book><chapter><para>
-#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:9703
+#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:10227
msgid ""
"Stephany, Alex. The Business of Sharing: Making in the New Sharing Economy. "
"New York: Palgrave Macmillan, 2015."
msgstr ""
#. type: Content of: <book><chapter><para>
-#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:9707
+#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:10231
msgid ""
"Stepper, John. Working Out Loud: For a Better Career and Life. New York: "
"Ikigai Press, 2015."
msgstr ""
#. type: Content of: <book><chapter><para>
-#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:9711
+#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:10235
msgid ""
"Sull, Donald, and Kathleen M. Eisenhardt. Simple Rules: How to Thrive in a "
"Complex World. Boston: Houghton Mifflin Harcourt, 2015."
msgstr ""
#. type: Content of: <book><chapter><para>
-#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:9715
+#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:10239
msgid ""
"Sundararajan, Arun. The Sharing Economy: The End of Employment and the Rise "
"of Crowd-Based Capitalism. Cambridge, MA: MIT Press, 2016."
msgstr ""
#. type: Content of: <book><chapter><para>
-#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:9719
+#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:10243
msgid "Surowiecki, James. The Wisdom of Crowds. New York: Anchor Books, 2005."
msgstr ""
#. type: Content of: <book><chapter><para>
-#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:9723
+#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:10247
msgid ""
"Tapscott, Don, and Alex Tapscott. Blockchain Revolution: How the Technology "
"Behind Bitcoin Is Changing Money, Business, and the World. Toronto: "
msgstr ""
#. type: Content of: <book><chapter><para>
-#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:9728
+#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:10252
msgid ""
"Tharp, Twyla. The Creative Habit: Learn It and Use It for Life. With Mark "
"Reiter. New York: Simon and Schuster, 2006."
msgstr ""
#. type: Content of: <book><chapter><para>
-#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:9732
+#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:10256
msgid ""
"Tkacz, Nathaniel. Wikipedia and the Politics of Openness. Chicago: "
"University of Chicago Press, 2015."
msgstr ""
#. type: Content of: <book><chapter><para>
-#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:9736
+#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:10260
msgid ""
"Van Abel, Bass, Lucas Evers, Roel Klaassen, and Peter Troxler, eds. Open "
"Design Now: Why Design Cannot Remain Exclusive. Amsterdam: BIS Publishers, "
msgstr ""
#. type: Content of: <book><chapter><para>
-#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:9744
+#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:10268
msgid ""
"Van den Hoff, Ronald. Mastering the Global Transition on Our Way to Society "
"3.0. Utrecht, the Netherlands: Society 3.0 Foundation, 2014. <ulink url="
msgstr ""
#. type: Content of: <book><chapter><para>
-#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:9750
+#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:10274
msgid ""
"Von Hippel, Eric. Democratizing Innovation. London: MIT Press, 2005. <ulink "
"url=\"http://web.mit.edu/evhippel/www/democ1.htm\"/> (licensed under CC BY-"
msgstr ""
#. type: Content of: <book><chapter><para>
-#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:9755
+#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:10279
msgid ""
"Whitehurst, Jim. The Open Organization: Igniting Passion and Performance. "
"Boston: Harvard Business Review Press, 2015."
msgstr ""
#. type: Content of: <book><chapter><title>
-#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:9760
+#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:10284
msgid "Acknowledgments"
msgstr ""
#. type: Content of: <book><chapter><para>
-#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:9762
+#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:10286
msgid ""
"We extend special thanks to Creative Commons CEO Ryan Merkley, the Creative "
"Commons Board, and all of our Creative Commons colleagues for "
msgstr ""
#. type: Content of: <book><chapter><para>
-#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:9769
+#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:10293
msgid ""
"Huge appreciation to all the Made with Creative Commons interviewees for "
"sharing their stories with us. You make the commons come alive. Thanks for "
msgstr ""
#. type: Content of: <book><chapter><para>
-#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:9774
+#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:10298
msgid ""
"We interviewed more than the twenty-four organizations profiled in this "
"book. We extend special thanks to Gooru, OERu, Sage Bionetworks, and Medium "
msgstr ""
#. type: Content of: <book><chapter><para>
-#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:9782
+#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:10306
msgid ""
"This book was made possible by the generous support of 1,687 Kickstarter "
"backers listed below. We especially acknowledge our many Kickstarter co-"
msgstr ""
#. type: Content of: <book><chapter><para>
-#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:9788
+#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:10312
msgid ""
"Co-editor Kickstarter backers (alphabetically by first name): Abraham "
"Taherivand, Alan Graham, Alfredo Louro, Anatoly Volynets, Aurora Thornton, "
msgstr ""
#. type: Content of: <book><chapter><para>
-#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:9839
+#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:10363
msgid ""
"All other Kickstarter backers (alphabetically by first name): A. Lee, Aaron "
"C. Rathbun, Aaron Stubbs, Aaron Suggs, Abdul Razak Manaf, Abraham "
"ZeMarmot Open Movie"
msgstr ""
+#, fuzzy
+#~ msgid ""
+#~ "<quote>I don’t know a whole lot about nonfiction journalism. . . The way "
+#~ "that I think about these things, and in terms of what I can do is. . . "
+#~ "essays like this are occasions to watch somebody reasonably bright but "
+#~ "also reasonably average pay far closer attention and think at far more "
+#~ "length about all sorts of different stuff than most of us have a chance "
+#~ "to in our daily lives.</quote>"
+#~ msgstr ""
+#~ "„Ich weiß nicht viel über Sachbuch-Journalismus... Die Weise, mit der ich "
+#~ "über diese Themen denke und insbesondere in Bezug darauf, was ich tun "
+#~ "kann, ist... Essays wie diese sind Anlässe, einer recht aufgeweckten "
+#~ "Person mit aber auch recht durchschnittlichem Gehalt zuzuschauen, wie "
+#~ "diese den verschiedensten Dingen viel mehr Zeit und Aufmerksamkeit "
+#~ "widmet, als die meisten von uns es in unserem Alltag tun könnten.“"
+
#~ msgid "Made With Creative Commons"
#~ msgstr "Gemacht Mit Creative Commons"
msgid ""
msgstr ""
"Project-Id-Version: Made with Creative Commons\n"
-"POT-Creation-Date: 2018-09-18 06:11+0000\n"
+"POT-Creation-Date: 2018-12-10 23:37+0000\n"
"PO-Revision-Date: 2018-09-24 14:00+0000\n"
"Last-Translator: Gunnar Wolf <gwolf@gwolf.org>\n"
"Language-Team: Spanish <https://hosted.weblate.org/projects/madewithcc/"
msgid "(ACM CRCS) ?"
msgstr "(ACM CRCS) ?"
-#. type: Content of: <book><dedication><blockquote><para>
-#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:94
-msgid ""
-"<quote>I don’t know a whole lot about nonfiction journalism. . . The way "
+#. type: Content of: <book><dedication><para>
+#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:93
+#, fuzzy
+#| msgid ""
+#| "<quote>I don’t know a whole lot about nonfiction journalism. . . The way "
+#| "that I think about these things, and in terms of what I can do is. . . "
+#| "essays like this are occasions to watch somebody reasonably bright but "
+#| "also reasonably average pay far closer attention and think at far more "
+#| "length about all sorts of different stuff than most of us have a chance "
+#| "to in our daily lives.</quote>"
+msgid ""
+"<quote>I don’t know a whole lot about nonfiction journalism. . . The way "
"that I think about these things, and in terms of what I can do is. . . "
"essays like this are occasions to watch somebody reasonably bright but also "
"reasonably average pay far closer attention and think at far more length "
"diarias.</quote>"
#. type: Content of: <book><dedication><blockquote><para>
-#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:103
+#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:102
msgid "— <emphasis>David Foster Wallace</emphasis>"
msgstr "— <emphasis>David Foster Wallace</emphasis>"
#. type: Content of: <book><preface><title>
-#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:108
+#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:107
msgid "Foreword"
msgstr "Prefacio"
#. type: Content of: <book><preface><para>
-#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:110
+#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:109
msgid ""
"Three years ago, just after I was hired as CEO of Creative Commons, I met "
"with Cory Doctorow in the hotel bar of Toronto’s Gladstone Hotel. As one of "
"de humo.</quote>"
#. type: Content of: <book><preface><para>
-#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:119
+#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:118
msgid ""
"He was, in a way, completely correct—those who make things with Creative "
"Commons have ulterior motives, as Paul Stacey explains in this book: "
"dinero es un medio para un fin social, no el fin mismo.</quote>"
#. type: Content of: <book><preface><para>
-#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:127
+#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:126
msgid ""
"In the case study about Cory Doctorow, Sarah Hinchliff Pearson cites Cory’s "
"words from his book Information Doesn’t Want to Be Free: <quote>Entering the "
"gana la lotería.</quote>"
#. type: Content of: <book><preface><para>
-#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:135
+#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:134
msgid ""
"Today, copyright is like a lottery ticket—everyone has one, and almost "
"nobody wins. What they don’t tell you is that if you choose to share your "
"vivir según sus valores."
#. type: Content of: <book><preface><para>
-#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:144
+#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:143
msgid ""
"So it’s not about the money. Also: it is. Finding the means to continue to "
"create and share often requires some amount of income. Max Temkin of Cards "
"haciendo más chistes y juegos.</quote>"
#. type: Content of: <book><preface><para>
-#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:151
+#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:150
msgid ""
"Creative Commons’ focus is on building a vibrant, usable commons, powered by "
"collaboration and gratitude. Enabling communities of collaboration is at the "
"emphasis>."
#. type: Content of: <book><preface><para>
-#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:160
+#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:159
msgid ""
"Paul dreams of a future where new models of creativity and innovation "
"overpower the inequality and scarcity that today define the worst parts of "
"inspira a sus colegas y a su comunidad."
#. type: Content of: <book><preface><para>
-#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:169
+#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:168
msgid ""
"Sarah is the best kind of lawyer—a true advocate who believes in the good of "
"people, and the power of collective acts to change the world. Over the past "
"debatir de mi equipo."
#. type: Content of: <book><preface><para>
-#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:181
+#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:180
msgid ""
"As coauthors, Paul and Sarah complement each other perfectly. They "
"researched, analyzed, argued, and worked as a team, sometimes together and "
"interesante, honesto y útil."
#. type: Content of: <book><preface><para>
-#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:192
+#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:191
msgid ""
"From the beginning, CC wanted to develop this project with the principles "
"and values of open collaboration. The book was funded, developed, "
"modelo de negocios abierto."
#. type: Content of: <book><preface><para>
-#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:200
+#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:199
msgid ""
"For 31 days in August of 2015, Sarah took point to organize and execute a "
"Kickstarter campaign to generate the core funding for the book. The "
"Creative Commons."
#. type: Content of: <book><preface><para>
-#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:209
+#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:208
msgid ""
"Paul and Sarah worked openly throughout the project, publishing the plans, "
"drafts, case studies, and analysis, early and often, and they engaged "
"proyecto."
#. type: Content of: <book><preface><para>
-#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:219
+#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:218
msgid ""
"Those who work and share in the commons are not typical creators. They are "
"part of something greater than themselves, and what they offer us all is a "
"comunidad."
#. type: Content of: <book><preface><para>
-#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:225
+#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:224
msgid ""
"Jonathan Mann, who is profiled in this book, writes a song a day. When I "
"reached out to ask him to write a song for our Kickstarter (and to offer "
"y con un público global."
#. type: Content of: <book><preface><para>
-#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:234
+#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:233
msgid ""
"Sarah writes, <quote>Endeavors that are Made with Creative Commons thrive "
"when community is built around what they do. This may mean a community "
"lo que haces genuinamente les resulta valioso.</quote>"
#. type: Content of: <book><preface><para>
-#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:248
+#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:247
msgid ""
"This is not a typical business book. For those looking for a recipe or a "
"roadmap, you might be disappointed. But for those looking to pursue a social "
"negocios, y dos docenas de dosis de inspiración pura."
#. type: Content of: <book><preface><para>
-#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:258
+#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:257
msgid ""
"In a 1996 Stanford Law Review article <quote>The Zones of Cyberspace</"
"quote>, CC founder Lawrence Lessig wrote, <quote>Cyberspace is a place. "
"amigos.</quote>"
#. type: Content of: <book><preface><para>
-#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:268
+#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:267
msgid ""
"I’m incredibly proud that Creative Commons is able to publish this book for "
"the many communities that we have come to know and like. I’m grateful to "
"quote>"
#. type: Content of: <book><preface><para>
-#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:276
+#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:275
msgid "That’s the true value of things that are Made with Creative Commons."
msgstr ""
"Ese es el verdadero valor de las cosas que están <emphasis>Hechas con "
"Creative Commons</emphasis>."
#. type: Content of: <book><preface><para>
-#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:279
+#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:278
msgid "<emphasis>Ryan Merkley</emphasis>"
msgstr "<emphasis>Ryan Merkley</emphasis>"
#. type: Content of: <book><preface><para>
-#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:282
+#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:281
msgid "<emphasis>CEO, Creative Commons</emphasis>"
msgstr "<emphasis>CEO, Creative Commons</emphasis>"
#. type: Content of: <book><preface><title>
-#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:286
+#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:285
msgid "Introduction"
msgstr "Introducción"
#. type: Content of: <book><preface><para>
-#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:288
+#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:287
msgid ""
"This book shows the world how sharing can be good for business—but with a "
"twist."
"negocios — Pero con un giro adicional."
#. type: Content of: <book><preface><para>
-#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:292
+#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:291
msgid ""
"We began the project intending to explore how creators, organizations, and "
"businesses make money to sustain what they do when they share their work "
"analizar su modelo de negocios."
#. type: Content of: <book><preface><para>
-#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:304
+#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:303
msgid ""
"Through the generous funding of Kickstarter backers, we set about this "
"project first by identifying and selecting a diverse group of creators, "
"lo que escuchamos y profundizamos en la literatura."
#. type: Content of: <book><preface><para>
-#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:312
+#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:311
msgid ""
"But as we did our research, something interesting happened. Our initial way "
"of framing the work did not match the stories we were hearing."
"escuchábamos."
#. type: Content of: <book><preface><para>
-#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:317
+#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:316
msgid ""
"Those we interviewed were not typical businesses selling to consumers and "
"seeking to maximize profits and the bottom line. Instead, they were sharing "
"sostener sus operaciones."
#. type: Content of: <book><preface><para>
-#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:325
+#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:324
msgid ""
"They often didn’t like hearing what they do described as an open business "
"model. Their endeavor was something more than that. Something different. "
"siempre.</quote>"
#. type: Content of: <book><preface><para>
-#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:333
+#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:332
msgid ""
"We had to rethink the way we conceived of this project. And it didn’t happen "
"overnight. From the fall of 2015 through 2016, we documented our thoughts in "
"en el transcurso de un año y medio."
#. type: Content of: <book><preface><para>
-#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:342
+#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:341
msgid ""
"Throughout the process, the two of us have often had very different ways of "
"understanding and describing what we were learning. Learning from each other "
"diferentes secciones."
#. type: Content of: <book><preface><para>
-#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:352
+#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:351
msgid ""
"While we recommend that you read the book from start to finish, each section "
"reads more or less independently. The book is structured into two main parts."
"dos partes principales."
#. type: Content of: <book><preface><para>
-#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:357
+#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:356
msgid ""
"Part one, the overview, begins with a big-picture framework written by Paul. "
"He provides some historical context for the digital commons, describing the "
"los bienes comunes digitales."
#. type: Content of: <book><preface><para>
-#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:365
+#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:364
msgid ""
"The overview continues with Sarah’s chapter, as she considers what it means "
"to be successfully Made with Creative Commons. While making money is one "
"impulsan conexiones con la gente con quienes comparten."
#. type: Content of: <book><preface><para>
-#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:375
+#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:374
msgid ""
"And to end part one, we have a short section that explains the different "
"Creative Commons licenses. We talk about the misconception that the more "
"son las únicas maneras de hacer dinero."
#. type: Content of: <book><preface><para>
-#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:382
+#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:381
msgid ""
"Part two of the book is made up of the twenty-four stories of the creators, "
"businesses, and organizations we interviewed. While both of us participated "
"perfiles."
#. type: Content of: <book><preface><para>
-#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:388
+#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:387
msgid ""
"Of course, we are pleased to make the book available using a Creative "
"Commons Attribution-ShareAlike license. Please copy, distribute, translate, "
"traduce, localiza y construye sobre de este trabajo."
#. type: Content of: <book><preface><para>
-#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:393
+#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:392
msgid ""
"Writing this book has transformed and inspired us. The way we now look at "
"and think about what it means to be Made with Creative Commons has "
"hacerlo, contribuya a transformar nuestra economía y al mundo para mejor."
#. type: Content of: <book><preface><para>
-#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:400
+#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:399
msgid "<emphasis>Paul and Sarah </emphasis>"
msgstr "<emphasis>Paul y Sarah </emphasis>"
#. type: Content of: <book><part><title>
-#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:404
+#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:403
msgid "The Big Picture"
msgstr "El panorama completo"
#. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><title>
-#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:406
+#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:405
msgid "The New World of Digital Commons"
msgstr "El nuevo mundo de los bienes comunes digitales"
#. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para>
-#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:408
+#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:407
msgid "Paul Stacey"
msgstr "Paul Stacey"
#. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para><footnote><para>
-#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:418
+#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:417
msgid ""
"Jonathan Rowe, Our Common Wealth (San Francisco: Berrett-Koehler, 2013), 14."
msgstr ""
"Jonathan Rowe, Our Common Wealth (San Francisco: Berrett-Koehler, 2013), 14."
#. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para>
-#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:411
+#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:410
msgid ""
"Jonathan Rowe eloquently describes the commons as <quote>the air and oceans, "
"the web of species, wilderness and flowing water—all are parts of the "
"caligrafía.</quote><placeholder type=\"footnote\" id=\"0\"/>"
#. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para>
-#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:423
+#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:422
msgid ""
"In Made with Creative Commons, we focus on our current era of digital "
"commons, a commons of human-produced works. This commons cuts across a broad "
"de la Internet."
#. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para><footnote><para>
-#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:438
+#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:437
msgid ""
"David Bollier, Think Like a Commoner: A Short Introduction to the Life of "
"the Commons (Gabriola Island, BC: New Society, 2014), 176."
"the Commons (Gabriola Island, BC: New Society, 2014), 176."
#. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para><footnote><para>
-#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:446
+#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:445
msgid "Ibid., 15."
msgstr "Ibid., 15."
#. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para>
-#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:434
+#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:433
msgid ""
"The commons is not just about shared resources, however. It’s also about the "
"social practices and values that manage them. A resource is a noun, but to "
"equitativo, uso y sostenibilidad."
#. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><sect1><title>
-#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:453
+#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:452
msgid "The Commons, the Market, and the State"
msgstr "Los bienes comunes, el mercado y el Estado"
#. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><sect1><para><footnote><para>
-#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:459
+#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:458
msgid "Ibid., 145."
msgstr "Ibid., 145."
#. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><sect1><para>
-#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:455
+#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:454
msgid ""
"Historically, there have been three ways to manage resources and share "
"wealth: the commons (managed collectively), the state (i.e., the "
"formas dominantes.<placeholder type=\"footnote\" id=\"0\"/>"
#. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><sect1><para><footnote><para>
-#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:468
+#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:467
msgid "Ibid., 175."
msgstr "Ibid., 175."
#. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><sect1><para>
-#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:463
+#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:462
msgid ""
"The organizations and businesses in our case studies are unique in the way "
"they participate in the commons while still engaging with the market and/or "
"mezclando las normas de cada bien común con las del mercado o Estado."
#. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><sect1><para>
-#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:475
+#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:474
msgid ""
"Fig. 1. is a depiction of how an enterprise can have varying levels of "
"engagement with commons, state, and market."
"variables de involucramiento con los bienes comunes, el Estado y el mercado."
#. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><sect1><para>
-#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:479
+#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:478
msgid ""
"Some of our case studies are simply commons and market enterprises with "
"little or no engagement with the state. A depiction of those case studies "
"balance de normas bajo las cuales operan."
#. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><sect1><para>
-#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:490
+#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:489
msgid ""
"All our case studies generate money as a means of livelihood and "
"sustainability. Money is primarily of the market. Finding ways to generate "
"habilidad de mezclar lo mejor de ambos."
#. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><sect1><para>
-#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:499
+#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:498
msgid ""
"The state has an important role to play in fostering the use and adoption of "
"the commons. State programs and funding can deliberately contribute to and "
"derechos de autor, negocios y finanzas para promoverlos."
#. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><sect1><figure><mediaobject><textobject><phrase>
-#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:506
-#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:513
+#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:505
+#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:512
msgid "Enterprise engagement with commons, state and market."
msgstr ""
"Una empresa puede tener niveles variables de involucramiento con los bienes "
"comunes, el Estado y el mercado."
#. type: Attribute 'fileref' of: <book><part><chapter><sect1><figure><mediaobject><imageobject><imagedata>
-#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:510
+#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:509
msgid "Pictures/10000201000008000000045C30360249076453E6.png"
msgstr "Pictures/10000201000008000000045C30360249076453E6.png"
#. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><sect1><figure>
-#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:508
-#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:557
-#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:675
-#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:804
-#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:846
-#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:934
+#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:507
+#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:556
+#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:674
+#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:803
+#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:845
+#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:933
msgid "<placeholder type=\"mediaobject\" id=\"0\"/>"
msgstr "<placeholder type=\"mediaobject\" id=\"0\"/>"
#. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><sect1><para>
-#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:519
+#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:518
msgid ""
"It’s helpful to understand how the commons, market, and state manage "
"resources differently, and not just for those who consider themselves "
"Estado no resultaría una estrategia exitosa."
#. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><sect1><title>
-#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:530
+#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:529
msgid "The Four Aspects of a Resource"
msgstr "Los cuatro aspectos de un recurso"
#. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><sect1><para><footnote><para>
-#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:535
+#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:534
msgid ""
"Daniel H. Cole, <quote>Learning from Lin: Lessons and Cautions from the "
"Natural Commons for the Knowledge Commons,</quote> in Governing Knowledge "
"Strandburg (New York: Oxford University Press, 2014), 53."
#. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><sect1><para>
-#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:532
+#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:531
msgid ""
"As part of her Nobel Prize–winning work, Elinor Ostrom developed a framework "
"for analyzing how natural resources are managed in a commons.<placeholder "
"al Estado para este capítulo."
#. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><sect1><para>
-#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:548
+#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:547
msgid ""
"To compare and contrast the ways in which the commons, market, and state "
"work, let’s consider four aspects of resource management: resource "
"uso (ver Fig. 2)."
#. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><sect1><figure><mediaobject><textobject><phrase>
-#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:556
-#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:562
+#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:555
+#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:561
msgid "Four aspects of resource management"
msgstr "Cuatro aspectos de administración de recursos"
#. type: Attribute 'fileref' of: <book><part><chapter><sect1><figure><mediaobject><imageobject><imagedata>
-#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:559
+#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:558
msgid "Pictures/10000201000007D0000007D0ACF13F8B71EAF0B9.png"
msgstr "Pictures/10000201000007D0000007D0ACF13F8B71EAF0B9.png"
#. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><sect1><sect2><title>
-#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:568
+#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:567
msgid "Characteristics"
msgstr "Características"
#. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><sect1><sect2><para>
-#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:570
+#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:569
msgid ""
"Resources have particular characteristics or attributes that affect the way "
"they can be used. Some resources are natural; others are human produced. And—"
"el potencial inherente del recurso."
#. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><sect1><sect2><para>
-#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:577
+#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:576
msgid ""
"Physical resources exist in limited supply. If I have a physical resource "
"and give it to you, I no longer have it. When a resource is removed and "
"por lo general requieren que se involucren con el mercado."
#. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><sect1><sect2><para>
-#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:588
+#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:587
msgid ""
"Physical resources are depletable, exclusive, and rivalrous. Digital "
"resources, on the other hand, are nondepletable, nonexclusive, and "
"es una característica inherente de los recursos digitales."
#. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><sect1><sect2><para>
-#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:598
+#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:597
msgid ""
"The nondepletable, nonexclusive, and nonrivalrous nature of digital "
"resources means the rules and norms for managing them can (and ought to) be "
"libres y abundantes."
#. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><sect1><sect2><para>
-#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:606
+#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:605
msgid ""
"Our case studies frequently manage hybrid resources, which start out as "
"digital with the possibility of being made into a physical resource. The "
"un recurso digital en uno físico."
#. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><sect1><sect2><para>
-#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:617
+#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:616
msgid ""
"Beyond this idea of physical versus digital, the commons, market, and state "
"conceive of resources differently (see Fig. 3). The market sees resources "
"futuras generaciones de forma no disminuída y, en ocasiones, mejorada."
#. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><sect1><sect2><title>
-#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:628
+#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:627
msgid "People and processes"
msgstr "Personas y procesos"
#. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><sect1><sect2><para>
-#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:630
+#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:629
msgid ""
"In the commons, the market, and the state, different people and processes "
"are used to manage resources. The processes used define both who has a say "
"quiéne tiene voz, así como la forma en que un recurso se gestiona."
#. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><sect1><sect2><para>
-#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:635
+#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:634
msgid ""
"In the state, a government of elected officials is responsible for managing "
"resources on behalf of the public. The citizens who produce and use those "
"recursos con base en prioridades y procedimientos del gobierno."
#. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><sect1><sect2><para>
-#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:644
+#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:643
msgid ""
"In the market, the people involved are producers, buyers, sellers, and "
"consumers. Businesses act as intermediaries between those who produce "
"de una transacción de efectivo."
#. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><sect1><sect2><para><footnote><para>
-#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:655
+#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:654
msgid ""
"Max Haiven, Crises of Imagination, Crises of Power: Capitalism, Creativity "
"and the Commons (New York: Zed Books, 2014), 93."
"and the Commons (New York: Zed Books, 2014), 93."
#. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><sect1><sect2><para>
-#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:653
+#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:652
msgid ""
"In contrast to the state and market, resources in a commons are managed more "
"directly by the people involved.<placeholder type=\"footnote\" id=\"0\"/> "
"recurso vuelve al bien común menos anónimo y más personal."
#. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><sect1><sect2><figure><mediaobject><textobject><phrase>
-#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:673
-#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:680
+#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:672
+#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:679
msgid "How the market, commons and state concieve of resources."
msgstr "Cómo el mercado, los bienes comunes y el Estado conciben los recursos."
#. type: Attribute 'fileref' of: <book><part><chapter><sect1><sect2><figure><mediaobject><imageobject><imagedata>
-#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:677
+#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:676
msgid "Pictures/10000201000009C40000065D9EC4F530BD4DFBE0.png"
msgstr "Pictures/10000201000009C40000065D9EC4F530BD4DFBE0.png"
#. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><sect1><sect2><title>
-#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:687
+#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:686
msgid "Norms and rules"
msgstr "Normas y reglas"
#. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><sect1><sect2><para>
-#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:689
+#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:688
msgid ""
"The social interactions between people, and the processes used by the state, "
"market, and commons, evolve social norms and rules. These norms and rules "
"disputas."
#. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><sect1><sect2><para>
-#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:695
+#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:694
msgid ""
"State authority is governed by national constitutions. Norms related to "
"priorities and decision making are defined by elected officials and "
"las reglas mediante las cuales se regula."
#. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><sect1><sect2><para>
-#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:703
+#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:702
msgid ""
"Market norms are influenced by economics and competition for scarce "
"resources. Market rules follow property, business, and financial laws "
"y leyes financieras definidas por el Estado."
#. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><sect1><sect2><para><footnote><para>
-#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:715
+#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:714
msgid "Bollier, Think Like a Commoner, 175."
msgstr "Bollier, Think Like a Commoner, 175."
#. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><sect1><sect2><para>
-#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:708
+#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:707
msgid ""
"As with the market, a commons can be influenced by state policies, "
"regulations, and laws. But the norms and rules of a commons are largely "
"\"0\"/>"
#. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><sect1><sect2><title>
-#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:720
+#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:719
msgid "Goals"
msgstr "Objetivos"
#. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><sect1><sect2><para>
-#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:722
+#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:721
msgid ""
"The combination of the aspects we’ve discussed so far—the resource’s "
"inherent characteristics, people and processes, and norms and rules—shape "
"los bienes comunes."
#. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><sect1><sect2><para><footnote><para>
-#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:734
+#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:733
msgid ""
"Joshua Farley and Ida Kubiszewski, <quote>The Economics of Information in a "
"Post-Carbon Economy,</quote> in Free Knowledge: Confronting the "
"Hepting (Regina, SK: University of Regina Press, 2015), 201–4."
#. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><sect1><sect2><para>
-#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:729
+#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:728
msgid ""
"In the market, the focus is on maximizing the utility of a resource. What we "
"pay for the goods we consume is seen as an objective measure of the utility "
"y estas todas son formas de medir los objetivos del mercado."
#. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><sect1><sect2><para>
-#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:744
+#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:743
msgid ""
"The state aims to use and manage resources in a way that balances the "
"economy with the social and cultural needs of its citizens. Health care, "
"reflejan en mediciones de calidad de vida."
#. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><sect1><sect2><para>
-#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:753
+#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:752
msgid ""
"In the commons, the goal is maximizing access, equity, distribution, "
"participation, innovation, and sustainability. You can measure success by "
"personal y social."
#. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><sect1><sect2><para>
-#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:762
+#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:761
msgid ""
"As hybrid combinations of the commons with the market or state, the success "
"and sustainability of all our case study enterprises depends on their "
"estos diferentes aspectos de la gestión de recursos."
#. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><sect1><title>
-#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:770
+#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:769
msgid "A Short History of the Commons"
msgstr "Una corta historia de los bienes comunes"
#. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><sect1><para>
-#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:772
+#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:771
msgid ""
"Using the commons to manage resources is part of a long historical "
"continuum. However, in contemporary society, the market and the state "
"parte. No hay reportes noticiosos o discursos acerca de los bienes comunes."
#. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><sect1><para>
-#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:781
+#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:780
msgid ""
"But the more than 1.1 billion resources licensed with Creative Commons "
"around the world are indications of a grassroots move toward the commons. "
"historia."
#. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><sect1><para><footnote><para>
-#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:792
+#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:791
msgid ""
"Rowe, Our Common Wealth, 19; and Heather Menzies, Reclaiming the Commons for "
"the Common Good: A Memoir and Manifesto (Gabriola Island, BC: New Society, "
"2014), 42–43."
#. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><sect1><para>
-#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:788
+#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:787
msgid ""
"For centuries, indigenous people and preindustrialized societies managed "
"resources, including water, food, firewood, irrigation, fish, wild game, and "
"y el mercado)."
#. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><sect1><figure><mediaobject><textobject><phrase>
-#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:803
-#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:809
+#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:802
+#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:808
msgid "In preindustrialized society."
msgstr "en la sociedad preindustrializada."
#. type: Attribute 'fileref' of: <book><part><chapter><sect1><figure><mediaobject><imageobject><imagedata>
-#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:806
+#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:805
msgid "Pictures/10000201000009C4000005153EACBD62F00F6BA9.png"
msgstr "Pictures/10000201000009C4000005153EACBD62F00F6BA9.png"
#. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><sect1><para><footnote><para>
-#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:818
+#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:817
msgid "Bollier, Think Like a Commoner, 55–78."
msgstr "Bollier, Think Like a Commoner, 55–78."
#. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><sect1><para><footnote><para>
-#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:822
+#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:821
msgid ""
"Fritjof Capra and Ugo Mattei, The Ecology of Law: Toward a Legal System in "
"Tune with Nature and Community (Oakland, CA: Berrett-Koehler, 2015), 46–57; "
"y Bollier, Think Like a Commoner, 88."
#. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><sect1><para>
-#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:815
+#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:814
msgid ""
"This is followed by a long history of the state (a monarchy or ruler) taking "
"over the commons for their own purposes. This is called enclosure of the "
"Fig. 5)."
#. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><sect1><para>
-#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:831
+#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:830
msgid ""
"Holdings of land, water, and game were distributed to ruling family and "
"political appointees. Commoners displaced from the land migrated to cities. "
"por el cuál los recursos son gestionados."
#. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><sect1><figure><mediaobject><textobject><phrase>
-#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:845
-#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:851
+#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:844
+#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:850
msgid "The commons is gradually superseded by the state."
msgstr "Los bienes comunes son gradualmente reemplazados por el estado."
#. type: Attribute 'fileref' of: <book><part><chapter><sect1><figure><mediaobject><imageobject><imagedata>
-#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:848
+#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:847
msgid "Pictures/10000201000009C4000005150F069409C1CC12F0.png"
msgstr "Pictures/10000201000009C4000005150F069409C1CC12F0.png"
#. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><sect1><para>
-#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:857
+#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:856
msgid ""
"However, the world today is going through turbulent times. The benefits of "
"the market have been offset by unequal distribution and overexploitation."
"la sobreexplotación."
#. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><sect1><para>
-#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:862
+#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:861
msgid ""
"Overexploitation was the topic of Garrett Hardin’s influential essay "
"<quote>The Tragedy of the Commons,</quote> published in Science in 1968. "
"el libre mercado."
#. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><sect1><para><footnote><para>
-#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:890
+#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:889
msgid ""
"Brett M. Frischmann, Michael J. Madison, and Katherine J. Strandburg, "
"<quote>Governing Knowledge Commons,</quote> in Frischmann, Madison, and "
"Strandburg Governing Knowledge Commons, 12."
#. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><sect1><para>
-#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:873
+#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:872
msgid ""
"However, there is one serious flaw with Hardin’s <quote>The Tragedy of the "
"Commons</quote>—it’s fiction. Hardin did not actually study how real commons "
"type=\"footnote\" id=\"0\"/>"
#. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><sect1><para>
-#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:897
+#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:896
msgid ""
"Hardin failed to consider the actual social dynamic of the commons. His "
"model assumed that people in the commons act autonomously, out of pure self-"
"haberse titulado de forma más precisa La tragedia del mercado."
#. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><sect1><para><footnote><para>
-#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:913
+#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:912
msgid ""
"Farley and Kubiszewski, <quote>Economics of Information,</quote> in Elliott "
"and Hepting, Free Knowledge, 203."
"and Hepting, Free Knowledge, 203."
#. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><sect1><para>
-#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:909
+#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:908
msgid ""
"Hardin’s story is based on the premise of depletable resources. Economists "
"have focused almost exclusively on scarcity-based markets. Very little is "
"usuales del mercado."
#. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><sect1><para>
-#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:925
+#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:924
msgid ""
"When it comes to use of state funds to create digital goods, however, there "
"is really no justification for artificial scarcity. The norm for state "
"ellos."
#. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><sect1><figure><mediaobject><textobject><phrase>
-#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:932
-#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:939
+#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:931
+#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:938
msgid "How the market, the state and the commons look today."
msgstr "Cómo el mercado, el estado y los bienes comunes se ven al día de hoy."
#. type: Attribute 'fileref' of: <book><part><chapter><sect1><figure><mediaobject><imageobject><imagedata>
-#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:936
+#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:935
msgid "Pictures/10000201000009C400000515F1CAA15B223F6BAF.png"
msgstr "Pictures/10000201000009C400000515F1CAA15B223F6BAF.png"
#. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><sect1><title>
-#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:946
+#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:945
msgid "The Digital Revolution"
msgstr "La revolución digital"
#. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><sect1><para>
-#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:948
+#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:947
msgid ""
"In the early days of computing, programmers and developers learned from each "
"other by sharing software. In the 1980s, the free-software movement codified "
"conjunto de principios y libertades:"
#. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><sect1><itemizedlist><listitem><para>
-#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:956
+#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:955
msgid "The freedom to run a software program as you wish, for any purpose."
msgstr ""
"La libertad de ejecutar un programa de software de la forma en que desee, "
"para cualquier propósito."
#. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><sect1><itemizedlist><listitem><para>
-#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:962
+#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:961
msgid ""
"The freedom to study how a software program works (because access to the "
"source code has been freely given), and change it so it does your computing "
"realice el cómputo como lo requiera cada quién."
#. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><sect1><itemizedlist><listitem><para>
-#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:969
+#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:968
msgid "The freedom to redistribute copies."
msgstr "La libertad de redistribuir copias."
#. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><sect1><itemizedlist><listitem><para><footnote><para>
-#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:975
+#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:974
msgid ""
"<quote>What Is Free Software?</quote> GNU Operating System, the Free "
"Software Foundation’s Licensing and Compliance Lab, accessed December 30, "
"2016, <ulink url=\"http://www.gnu.org/philosophy/free-sw\"/>."
#. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><sect1><itemizedlist><listitem><para>
-#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:974
+#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:973
msgid ""
"The freedom to distribute copies of your modified versions to others."
"<placeholder type=\"footnote\" id=\"0\"/>"
"<placeholder type=\"footnote\" id=\"0\"/>"
#. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><sect1><para>
-#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:984
+#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:983
msgid ""
"These principles and freedoms constitute a set of norms and rules that "
"typify a digital commons."
"tipifican un bien común digital."
#. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><sect1><para><footnote><para>
-#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:999
+#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:998
msgid ""
"Wikipedia, s.v. <quote>Open-source software,</quote> last modified November "
"22, 2016."
"de noviembre de 2016."
#. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><sect1><para>
-#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:988
+#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:987
msgid ""
"In the late 1990s, to make the sharing of source code and collaboration more "
"appealing to companies, the open-source-software initiative converted these "
"candado propietario sobre los protocolos centrales de Internet."
#. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><sect1><para><footnote><para>
-#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:1014
+#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:1013
msgid ""
"Eric S. Raymond, <quote>The Magic Cauldron,</quote> in The Cathedral and the "
"Bazaar: Musings on Linux and Open Source by an Accidental Revolutionary, "
"catb.org/esr/writings/cathedral-bazaar/\"/>."
#. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><sect1><para>
-#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:1006
+#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:1005
msgid ""
"While open-source software functions as a commons, many businesses and "
"markets did build up around it. Business models based on the licenses and "
"<emphasis>Hechos con Creative Commons</emphasis>."
#. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><sect1><para>
-#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:1023
+#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:1022
msgid ""
"It isn’t just about an abundant availability of digital assets but also "
"about abundance of participation. The growth of personal computing, "
"accesarlo y usarlo sin el permiso del creador."
#. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><sect1><para><footnote><para>
-#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:1042
+#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:1041
msgid ""
"New York Times Customer Insight Group, The Psychology of Sharing: Why Do "
"People Share Online? (New York: New York Times Customer Insight Group, "
"2011), <ulink url=\"http://www.iab.net/media/file/POSWhitePaper.pdf\"/>."
#. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><sect1><para>
-#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:1036
+#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:1035
msgid ""
"But people like to share. One of the ways we define ourselves is by sharing "
"valuable and entertaining content. Doing so grows and nourishes "
"<placeholder type=\"footnote\" id=\"0\"/>"
#. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><sect1><title>
-#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:1050
+#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:1049
msgid "The Birth of Creative Commons"
msgstr "El nacimiento de Creative Commons"
#. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><sect1><para>
-#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:1052
+#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:1051
msgid ""
"In 2001, Creative Commons was created as a nonprofit to support all those "
"who wanted to share digital content. A suite of Creative Commons licenses "
"trabajo creativo."
#. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><sect1><para><footnote><para>
-#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:1072
+#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:1071
msgid ""
"<quote>Licensing Considerations,</quote> Creative Commons, accessed December "
"30, 2016, <ulink url=\"http://creativecommons.org/share-your-work/licensing-"
"work/licensing-considerations/\"/>."
#. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><sect1><para>
-#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:1061
+#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:1060
msgid ""
"Creative Commons licenses have a three-layer design. The norms and rules of "
"each license are first expressed in full legal language as used by lawyers. "
"asociadas con contenidos digitales que forman parte del bien común."
#. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><sect1><para>
-#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:1080
+#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:1079
msgid ""
"In 2015, there were over one billion Creative Commons licensed works in a "
"global commons. These works were viewed online 136 billion times. People are "
"educativos, música y otros tipos de audio y vídeos."
#. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><sect1><para><footnote><para>
-#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:1093
+#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:1092
msgid ""
"Creative Commons, 2015 State of the Commons (Mountain View, CA: Creative "
"Commons, 2015), <ulink url=\"http://stateof.creativecommons.org/2015/\"/>."
"Commons, 2015. <ulink url=\"http://stateof.creativecommons.org/2015/\"/>."
#. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><sect1><para>
-#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:1088
+#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:1087
msgid ""
"Individual artists, photographers, musicians, and filmmakers use Creative "
"Commons, but so do museums, governments, creative industries, manufacturers, "
"de estudio fueron escogidos buscando reflejar esa diversidad.)"
#. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><sect1><para>
-#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:1101
+#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:1100
msgid ""
"Some see Creative Commons as a way to share a gift with others, a way of "
"getting known, or a way to provide social benefit. Others are simply "
"el movimiento del software libre y de código abierto."
#. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><sect1><para>
-#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:1113
+#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:1112
msgid ""
"Over time, Creative Commons has spawned a range of open movements, including "
"open educational resources, open access, open science, and open data. The "
"de forma libre."
#. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><sect1><para><footnote><para>
-#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:1126
+#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:1125
msgid ""
"Wikipedia, s.v. <quote>Open Government Partnership,</quote> last modified "
"September 24, 2016, <ulink url=\"http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/"
"org/wiki/Open_Government_Partnership\"/>."
#. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><sect1><para>
-#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:1121
+#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:1120
msgid ""
"The state is increasingly involved in supporting open movements. The Open "
"Government Partnership was launched in 2011 to provide an international "
"ellos."
#. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><sect1><title>
-#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:1137
+#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:1136
msgid "The Changing Market"
msgstr "El mercado cambiante"
#. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><sect1><para><footnote><para>
-#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:1145
+#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:1144
msgid "Capra and Mattei, Ecology of Law, 114."
msgstr "Capra y Mattei, Ecology of Law, 114."
#. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><sect1><para><footnote><para>
-#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:1153
+#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:1152
msgid "Ibid., 116."
msgstr "Ibid., 116."
#. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><sect1><para>
-#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:1139
+#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:1138
msgid ""
"Today’s market is largely driven by global capitalism. Law and financial "
"systems are structured to support extraction, privatization, and corporate "
"de la democracia.<placeholder type=\"footnote\" id=\"1\"/>"
#. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><sect1><para><footnote><para>
-#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:1163
+#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:1162
msgid ""
"The Swedish International Development Cooperation Agency, <quote>Stockholm "
"Statement</quote> accessed February 15, 2017, <ulink url=\"http://sida.se/"
"\"http://sida.se/globalassets/sida/eng/press/stockholm-statement.pdf\"/>"
#. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><sect1><para>
-#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:1157
+#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:1156
msgid ""
"In light of these challenges there is a growing recognition that GDP growth "
"should not be an end in itself, that development needs to be socially and "
">"
#. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><sect1><para><footnote><para>
-#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:1175
+#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:1174
msgid ""
"City of Bologna, Regulation on Collaboration between Citizens and the City "
"for the Care and Regeneration of Urban Commons, trans. LabGov (LABoratory "
"cure-and-regeneration-of-urban-commons1.pdf\"/>."
#. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><sect1><para><footnote><para>
-#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:1185
+#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:1184
msgid ""
"The Seoul Sharing City website is <ulink url=\"http://english.sharehub.kr\"/"
">; for Amsterdam Sharing City, go to <ulink url=\"http://www.sharenl.nl/"
"amsterdam-sharing-city/\"/>."
#. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><sect1><para>
-#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:1170
+#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:1169
msgid ""
"These realizations have led to a resurgence of interest in the commons as a "
"means of enabling that balance. City governments like Bologna, Italy, are "
"cohesión social y la seguridad.<placeholder type=\"footnote\" id=\"1\"/>"
#. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><sect1><para><footnote><para>
-#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:1202
+#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:1201
msgid ""
"Tom Slee, What’s Yours Is Mine: Against the Sharing Economy (New York: OR "
"Books, 2015), 42."
"Books, 2015), 42."
#. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><sect1><para>
-#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:1192
+#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:1191
msgid ""
"The market itself has taken an interest in the sharing economy, with "
"businesses like Airbnb providing a peer-to-peer marketplace for short-term "
"activo."
#. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><sect1><para><footnote><para>
-#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:1224
+#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:1223
msgid ""
"Chris Anderson, Free: How Today’s Smartest Businesses Profit by Giving "
"Something for Nothing, Reprint with new preface. (New York: Hyperion, "
"Hyperion, 2010), 78."
#. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><sect1><para>
-#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:1214
+#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:1213
msgid ""
"One way Made with Creative Commons case studies differ from those of the "
"sharing economy is their focus on digital resources. Digital resources "
"acerquen a cero.<placeholder type=\"footnote\" id=\"0\"/>"
#. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><sect1><para>
-#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:1230
+#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:1229
msgid ""
"Those that are Made with Creative Commons are looking to leverage the unique "
"inherent characteristics of digital resources, including lowering costs. The "
"propósito es la abundancia sobre la escasez."
#. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><sect1><para><footnote><para>
-#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:1249
+#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:1248
msgid ""
"Jeremy Rifkin, The Zero Marginal Cost Society: The Internet of Things, the "
"Collaborative Commons, and the Eclipse of Capitalism (New York: Palgrave "
"Macmillan, 2014) , 273."
#. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><sect1><para>
-#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:1244
+#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:1243
msgid ""
"The incremental cost of storing, copying, and distributing digital goods is "
"next to zero, making abundance possible. But imagining a market based on "
"ideando sus propios modelos y prácticas económicas."
#. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><sect1><para>
-#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:1257
+#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:1256
msgid ""
"Some are looking to minimize their interactions with the market and operate "
"as autonomously as possible. Others are operating largely as a business "
"opera el mercado."
#. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><sect1><para><footnote><para>
-#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:1271
+#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:1270
msgid ""
"Gar Alperovitz, What Then Must We Do? Straight Talk about the Next American "
"Revolution: Democratizing Wealth and Building a Community-Sustaining Economy "
"from the Ground Up (White River Junction, VT: Chelsea Green, 2013), 39."
#. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><sect1><para><footnote><para>
-#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:1280
+#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:1279
msgid ""
"Marjorie Kelly, Owning Our Future: The Emerging Ownership Revolution; "
"Journeys to a Generative Economy (San Francisco: Berrett-Koehler, 2012), 8–9."
"Journeys to a Generative Economy (San Francisco: Berrett-Koehler, 2012), 8–9."
#. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><sect1><para>
-#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:1264
+#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:1263
msgid ""
"For an ordinary corporation, making social benefit a part of its operations "
"is difficult, as it’s legally required to make decisions that financially "
"\" id=\"1\"/>"
#. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><sect1><para><footnote><para>
-#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:1292
+#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:1291
msgid ""
"Alex Osterwalder and Yves Pigneur, Business Model Generation (Hoboken, NJ: "
"John Wiley and Sons, 2010). A preview of the book is available at <ulink url="
"en <ulink url=\"http://strategyzer.com/books/business-model-generation\"/>."
#. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><sect1><para>
-#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:1285
+#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:1284
msgid ""
"<quote>A book on open business models</quote> is how we described it in this "
"book’s Kickstarter campaign. We used a handbook called Business Model "
"\"footnote\" id=\"0\"/>"
#. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><sect1><para><footnote><para>
-#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:1302
+#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:1301
msgid ""
"This business model canvas is available to download at <ulink url=\"http://"
"strategyzer.com/canvas/business-model-canvas\"/>."
"\"http://strategyzer.com/canvas/business-model-canvas\"/>."
#. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><sect1><para><footnote><para>
-#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:1310
+#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:1309
msgid ""
"We’ve made the <quote>Open Business Model Canvas,</quote> designed by the "
"coauthor Paul Stacey, available online at <ulink url=\"http://docs.google."
"d/1kACK7TkoJgsM18HUWCbX9xuQ0Byna4plSVZXZGTtays/edit\"/>."
#. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><sect1><para>
-#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:1299
+#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:1298
msgid ""
"It contains a <quote>business model canvas,</quote> which conceives of a "
"business model as having nine building blocks.<placeholder type=\"footnote\" "
"empresas de nueva creación a planear su modelo económico."
#. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><sect1><para>
-#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:1320
+#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:1319
msgid ""
"In our case study interviews, many expressed discomfort over describing "
"themselves as an open business model—the term business model suggested "
"usando un modelo predefinido."
#. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><sect1><para><footnote><para>
-#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:1342
+#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:1341
msgid ""
"A more comprehensive list of revenue streams is available in this post I "
"wrote on Medium on March 6, 2016. <quote>What Is an Open Business Model and "
"revenue-5854d2659b15\"/>."
#. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><sect1><para>
-#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:1333
+#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:1332
msgid ""
"The creators, businesses, and organizations we profile all engage with the "
"market to generate revenue in some way. The ways in which this is done vary "
"sostenibilidad."
#. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><sect1><title>
-#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:1354
+#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:1353
msgid "Benefits of the Digital Commons"
msgstr "Beneficios del bien común digital"
#. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><sect1><para>
-#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:1356
+#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:1355
msgid ""
"While it may be clear why commons-based organizations want to interact and "
"engage with the market (they need money to survive), it may be less obvious "
"muchos beneficios."
#. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><sect1><para>
-#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:1362
+#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:1361
msgid ""
"The commons speeds dissemination. The free flow of resources in the commons "
"offers tremendous economies of scale. Distribution is decentralized, with "
"experiencia."
#. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><sect1><para>
-#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:1371
+#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:1370
msgid ""
"The commons ensures access to all. The market has traditionally operated by "
"putting resources behind a paywall requiring payment first before access. "
"inclusividad, equidad y justicia."
#. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><sect1><para>
-#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:1384
+#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:1383
msgid ""
"The commons maximizes participation. Resources in the commons can be used "
"and contributed to by everyone. Using the resources of others, contributing "
"que benefician a la sociedad."
#. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><sect1><para><footnote><para>
-#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:1406
+#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:1405
msgid ""
"Henry Chesbrough, Open Innovation: The New Imperative for Creating and "
"Profiting from Technology (Boston: Harvard Business Review Press, 2006), 31–"
"44."
#. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><sect1><para>
-#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:1397
+#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:1396
msgid ""
"The commons spurs innovation. Resources in the hands of more people who can "
"use them leads to new ideas. The way commons resources can be modified, "
"con la comunidad."
#. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><sect1><para>
-#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:1415
+#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:1414
msgid ""
"The commons boosts reach and impact. The digital commons is global. "
"Resources may be created for a local or regional need, but they go far and "
"y construyen sobre su trabajo tanto local como globalmente."
#. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><sect1><para>
-#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:1428
+#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:1427
msgid ""
"The commons is generative. Instead of extracting value, the commons adds "
"value. Digitized resources persist without becoming depleted, and through "
"al público y contribuye al valor del bien común en su totalidad."
#. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><sect1><para>
-#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:1442
+#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:1441
msgid ""
"The commons brings people together for a common cause. The commons vests "
"people directly with the responsibility to manage the resources for the "
"unifica a las personas."
#. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><sect1><para>
-#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:1457
+#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:1456
msgid ""
"The benefits of the commons are many. When these benefits align with the "
"goals of individuals, communities, businesses in the market, or state "
"ser la opción favorecida."
#. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><sect1><title>
-#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:1464
+#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:1463
msgid "Our Case Studies"
msgstr "Nuestros casos de estudio"
#. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><sect1><para>
-#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:1466
+#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:1465
msgid ""
"The creators, organizations, and businesses in our case studies operate as "
"nonprofits, for-profits, and social enterprises. Regardless of legal "
"final."
#. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><sect1><para>
-#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:1478
+#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:1477
msgid ""
"The case studies are based on the narratives told to us by founders and key "
"staff. Instead of solely using financials as the measure of success and "
"sostenible es la empresa."
#. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><sect1><para>
-#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:1486
+#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:1485
msgid ""
"Our case studies are diverse, ranging from publishing to education and "
"manufacturing. All of the organizations, businesses, and creators in the "
"físicos. Otros nacen digitales pero pueden convertirse en recursos físicos."
#. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><sect1><para>
-#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:1496
+#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:1495
msgid ""
"They are creating new resources, or using the resources of others, or mixing "
"existing resources together to make something new. They, and their audience, "
"monetarios."
#. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><sect1><para>
-#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:1504
+#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:1503
msgid ""
"And as users of Creative Commons licenses, they are automatically part of a "
"global community. The new digital commons is global. Those we profiled come "
"Construir e interactuar en esta comunidad global conduce al éxito."
#. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><sect1><para>
-#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:1511
+#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:1510
msgid ""
"Creative Commons licenses may express legal rules around the use of "
"resources in a commons, but success in the commons requires more than "
"transparente. Defender el bien común."
#. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><sect1><para>
-#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:1524
+#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:1523
msgid ""
"The new digital commons is here to stay. Made With Creative Commons case "
"studies show how it’s possible to be part of this commons while still "
"gestión de recursos, una alternativa más balanceada es posible."
#. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><sect1><para>
-#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:1533
+#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:1532
msgid ""
"Enterprise use of Creative Commons has only just begun. The case studies in "
"this book are merely starting points. Each is changing and evolving over "
"una guía e ideas de cómo trabaja."
#. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><title>
-#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:1544
+#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:1543
msgid "How to Be Made with Creative Commons"
msgstr "Hecho con Creative Commons"
#. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para>
-#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:1546
+#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:1545
msgid "Sarah Hinchliff Pearson"
msgstr "Sarah Hinchliff Pearson"
#. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para>
-#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:1549
+#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:1548
msgid ""
"When we began this project in August 2015, we set out to write a book about "
"business models that involve Creative Commons licenses in some significant "
"público no solo accessarlo, sino también hacer uso de este."
#. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para>
-#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:1565
+#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:1564
msgid ""
"We analyzed the revenue models, customer segments, and value propositions of "
"each endeavor. We searched for ways that putting their content under "
"generación de ingresos, definiciones de éxito."
#. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para>
-#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:1575
+#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:1574
msgid ""
"In fairly short order, we realized the book we set out to write was quite "
"different from the one that was revealing itself in our interviews and "
"entrevistas e investigaciones."
#. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para>
-#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:1580
+#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:1579
msgid ""
"It isn’t that we were wrong to think you can make money while using Creative "
"Commons licenses. In many instances, CC can help make you more money. Nor "
"Creative Commons usando solo una perspectiva de negocio."
#. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para><footnote><para>
-#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:1593
+#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:1592
msgid ""
"Alex Osterwalder and Yves Pigneur, Business Model Generation (Hoboken, NJ: "
"John Wiley and Sons, 2010), 14. A preview of the book is available at <ulink "
"generation\"/>."
#. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para>
-#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:1589
+#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:1588
msgid ""
"According to the seminal handbook Business Model Generation, a business "
"model <quote>describes the rationale of how an organization creates, "
"quote>"
#. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para>
-#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:1605
+#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:1604
msgid ""
"Eventually, we got it. Being Made with Creative Commons is more than a "
"business model. While we will talk about specific revenue models as one "
"libro."
#. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para>
-#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:1612
+#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:1611
msgid ""
"Admittedly, it took me a long time to get there. When Paul and I divided up "
"our writing after finishing the research, my charge was to distill "
"de seguir leyendo."
#. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para>
-#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:1622
+#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:1621
msgid ""
"In every interview, we started from the same simple questions. Amid all the "
"diversity among the creators, organizations, and businesses we profiled, "
"los negocios podría estar un poco desviado."
#. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para>
-#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:1634
+#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:1633
msgid ""
"But we also started to realize something about what it means to be Made with "
"Creative Commons. When people talked to us about how and why they used CC, "
"simbolismo detrás de usar CC, y ese simbolismo tiene muchas capas."
#. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para>
-#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:1642
+#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:1641
msgid ""
"At one level, being Made with Creative Commons expresses an affinity for the "
"value of Creative Commons. While there are many different flavors of CC "
"promesa de compartir."
#. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para>
-#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:1656
+#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:1655
msgid ""
"Whether the public makes use of the opportunity to copy and adapt your work, "
"sharing with a Creative Commons license is a symbol of how you want to "
"posibilidad de conexión."
#. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para>
-#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:1668
+#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:1667
msgid ""
"Being Made with Creative Commons not only demonstrates values connected to "
"CC and sharing. It also demonstrates that something other than profit drives "
"profundo y una visión diferente del éxito."
#. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para><footnote><para>
-#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:1681
+#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:1680
msgid ""
"Cory Doctorow, Information Doesn’t Want to Be Free: Laws for the Internet "
"Age (San Francisco, CA: McSweeney’s, 2014) 68."
"Age (San Francisco, CA: McSweeney’s, 2014) 68."
#. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para>
-#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:1676
+#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:1675
msgid ""
"The driving motivation varies depending on the type of endeavor. For "
"individual creators, it is most often about personal inspiration. In some "
"significado personal.</quote>"
#. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para>
-#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:1693
+#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:1692
msgid ""
"Many that are Made with Creative Commons have an express social mission that "
"underpins everything they do. In many cases, sharing with Creative Commons "
"licencia Creative Commons."
#. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para>
-#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:1703
+#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:1702
msgid ""
"This dynamic is probably one reason why there are so many nonprofit examples "
"of being Made with Creative Commons. The content is the result of a labor of "
"producir bien social y conexiones humanas es integral para el éxito."
#. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para>
-#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:1713
+#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:1712
msgid ""
"Even if profit isn’t the end goal, you have to bring in money to be "
"successfully Made with Creative Commons. At a bare minimum, you have to make "
"hay que hacer suficiente dinero para mantener las luces encendidas."
#. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para>
-#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:1718
+#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:1717
msgid ""
"The costs of doing business vary widely for those made with CC, but there is "
"generally a much lower threshold for sustainability than there used to be "
"antepasados por una fracción del precio</quote>."
#. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para><footnote><para>
-#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:1735
+#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:1734
msgid "Ibid., 55."
msgstr "Ibid., 55."
#. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para>
-#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:1730
+#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:1729
msgid ""
"Some creation costs are the same as they always were. It takes the same "
"amount of time and money to write a peer-reviewed journal article or paint a "
"porque es un trabajo por amor."
#. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para><footnote><para>
-#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:1747
+#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:1746
msgid ""
"Chris Anderson, Free: How Today’s Smartest Businesses Profit by Giving "
"Something for Nothing, reprint with new preface (New York: Hyperion, 2010), "
"Hyperion, 2010), 224."
#. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para>
-#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:1744
+#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:1743
msgid ""
"Distributing content is almost universally cheaper than ever. Once content "
"is created, the costs to distribute copies digitally are essentially zero."
"personalizado."
#. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para><footnote><para>
-#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:1769
+#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:1768
msgid "Doctorow, Information Doesn’t Want to Be Free, 44."
msgstr "Doctorow, Information Doesn’t Want to Be Free, 44."
#. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para>
-#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:1759
+#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:1758
msgid ""
"It’s important to recognize that the biggest impact of technology on "
"creative endeavors is that creators can now foot the costs of creation and "
"esfuerzos creativos pueden ser mucho más modestas."
#. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para>
-#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:1776
+#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:1775
msgid ""
"Whether for an individual creator or a larger endeavor, it usually isn’t "
"enough to break even if you want to make what you’re doing a livelihood. You "
"solo acerca de mantener la operación funcionando día a día.</quote>"
#. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para>
-#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:1789
+#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:1788
msgid ""
"This book is a testament to the notion that it is possible to make money "
"while using CC licenses and CC-licensed content, but we are still very much "
"operar."
#. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para>
-#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:1797
+#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:1796
msgid ""
"There are, however, plenty of ways in which CC licensing can be good for "
"business in fairly predictable ways. The first is how it helps solve "
"ayuda a resolver el <quote>problema cero.</quote>"
#. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><sect1><title>
-#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:1802
+#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:1801
msgid "Problem Zero: Getting Discovered"
msgstr "Problema Cero: ser descubierto"
#. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><sect1><para><footnote><para>
-#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:1809
+#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:1808
msgid ""
"Amanda Palmer, The Art of Asking: Or How I Learned to Stop Worrying and Let "
"People Help (New York: Grand Central, 2014), 121."
"People Help (New York: Grand Central, 2014), 121."
#. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><sect1><para><footnote><para>
-#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:1824
+#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:1823
msgid ""
"Chris Anderson, Makers: The New Industrial Revolution (New York: Signal, "
"2012), 64."
"2012), 64."
#. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><sect1><para>
-#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:1804
+#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:1803
msgid ""
"Once you create or collect your content, the next step is finding users, "
"customers, fans—in other words, your people. As Amanda Palmer wrote, "
"estamos limitados a lo que apela a las masas."
#. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><sect1><para><footnote><para>
-#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:1838
+#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:1837
msgid ""
"David Bollier, Think Like a Commoner: A Short Introduction to the Life of "
"the Commons (Gabriola Island, BC: New Society, 2014), 70."
"the Commons (Gabriola Island, BC: New Society, 2014), 70."
#. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><sect1><para><footnote><para>
-#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:1845
+#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:1844
msgid "Anderson, Makers, 66."
msgstr "Anderson, Makers, 66."
#. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><sect1><para><footnote><para>
-#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:1850
+#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:1849
msgid ""
"Bryan Kramer, Shareology: How Sharing Is Powering the Human Economy (New "
"York: Morgan James, 2016), 10."
"York: Morgan James, 2016), 10."
#. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><sect1><para>
-#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:1830
+#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:1829
msgid ""
"While finding <quote>your people</quote> online is theoretically easier than "
"in the analog world, as a practical matter it can still be difficult to "
"alguna forma, tiene que llamar la atención de las personas correctas."
#. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><sect1><para><footnote><para>
-#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:1864
+#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:1863
msgid "Anderson, Free, 62."
msgstr "Anderson, Free, 62."
#. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><sect1><para>
-#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:1856
+#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:1855
msgid ""
"When you come to the Internet armed with an all-rights-reserved mentality "
"from the start, you are often restricting access to your work before there "
"trabajo y que lo compartan con otros es contraproducente."
#. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><sect1><para><footnote><para>
-#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:1878
+#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:1877
msgid "Doctorow, Information Doesn’t Want to Be Free, 38."
msgstr "Doctorow, Information Doesn’t Want to Be Free, 38."
#. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><sect1><para>
-#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:1874
+#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:1873
msgid ""
"Of course, it’s not that being discovered by people who like your work will "
"make you rich—far from it. But as Cory Doctorow says, <quote>Recognition is "
"artístico.</quote><placeholder type=\"footnote\" id=\"0\"/>"
#. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><sect1><para>
-#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:1882
+#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:1881
msgid ""
"Choosing not to spend time and energy restricting access to your work and "
"policing infringement also builds goodwill. Lumen Learning, a for-profit "
"generado una inmensa cantidad de buena voluntad dentro de la comunidad."
#. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><sect1><para><footnote><para>
-#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:1900
+#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:1899
msgid "Bollier, Think Like a Commoner, 68."
msgstr "Bollier, Think Like a Commoner, 68."
#. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><sect1><para>
-#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:1893
+#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:1892
msgid ""
"It is not just that restricting access to your work may undermine your "
"social mission. It also may alienate the people who most value your creative "
"han sido criminalizados.</quote><placeholder type=\"footnote\" id=\"0\"/>"
#. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><sect1><para>
-#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:1904
+#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:1903
msgid ""
"The fact that copying can carry criminal penalties undoubtedly deters "
"copying it, but copying with the click of a button is too easy and "
"creativo no tiene impacto en la capacidad de nadie más para usarlo."
#. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><sect1><para>
-#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:1913
+#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:1912
msgid ""
"If you take some amount of copying and sharing your work as a given, you can "
"invest your time and resources elsewhere, rather than wasting them on "
"para ellos."
#. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><sect1><para><footnote><para>
-#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:1933
+#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:1932
msgid "Anderson, Free, 86."
msgstr "Anderson, Free, 86."
#. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><sect1><para>
-#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:1929
+#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:1928
msgid ""
"Being Made with Creative Commons means you stop thinking about ways to "
"artificially make your content scarce, and instead leverage it as the "
"que usted entiende la Internet.</quote>"
#. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><sect1><para><footnote><para>
-#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:1944
+#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:1943
msgid "Doctorow, Information Doesn’t Want to Be Free, 144."
msgstr "Doctorow, Information Doesn’t Want to Be Free, 144."
#. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><sect1><para>
-#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:1941
+#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:1940
msgid ""
"Cory Doctorow says it costs him nothing when other people make copies of his "
"work, and it opens the possibility that he might get something in return."
"con su trabajo que nunca hubieran podido hacer de otra manera."
#. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><sect1><para>
-#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:1954
+#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:1953
msgid ""
"There are all kinds of way to leverage the power of sharing and remix to "
"your benefit. Here are a few."
"beneficio. Aquí hay unas cuantas."
#. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><sect1><sect2><title>
-#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:1958
+#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:1957
msgid "Use CC to grow a larger audience"
msgstr "Usar CC para generar una audiencia más grande"
#. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><sect1><sect2><para>
-#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:1960
+#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:1959
msgid ""
"Putting a Creative Commons license on your content won’t make it "
"automatically go viral, but eliminating legal barriers to copying the work "
"personas compartan?"
#. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><sect1><sect2><para>
-#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:1972
+#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:1971
msgid ""
"The Conversation is an online news site with in-depth articles written by "
"academics who are experts on particular topics. All of the articles are CC-"
"alcanzar tantas personas lectoras como sea posible."
#. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><sect1><sect2><para><footnote><para>
-#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:1989
+#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:1988
msgid "Anderson, Free, 123."
msgstr "Anderson, Free, 123."
#. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><sect1><sect2><para>
-#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:1981
+#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:1980
msgid ""
"The idea that more eyeballs equates with more success is a form of the max "
"strategy, adopted by Google and other technology companies. According to "
"aun más accesible y que sea más probable que prolifere."
#. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><sect1><sect2><para><footnote><para>
-#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:2003
+#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:2002
msgid "Ibid., 132."
msgstr "Ibid., 132."
#. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><sect1><sect2><para><footnote><para>
-#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:2008
+#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:2007
msgid "Ibid., 70."
msgstr "Ibid., 70."
#. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><sect1><sect2><para>
-#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:1998
+#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:1997
msgid ""
"If you are successful in reaching more users, readers, listeners, or other "
"consumers of your work, you can start to benefit from the bandwagon effect. "
"parcial de calidad o utilidad.<placeholder type=\"footnote\" id=\"1\"/>"
#. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><sect1><sect2><title>
-#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:2013
+#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:2012
msgid "Use CC to get attribution and name recognition"
msgstr "Usar CC para obtener atribución y reconocimiento de nombre"
#. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><sect1><sect2><para><footnote><para>
-#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:2027
+#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:2026
msgid ""
"James Surowiecki, The Wisdom of Crowds (New York: Anchor Books, 2005), 124. "
"Surowiecki says, <quote>The measure of success of laws and contracts is how "
"poco frecuentemente son invocados.</quote>"
#. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><sect1><sect2><para>
-#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:2015
+#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:2014
msgid ""
"Every Creative Commons license requires that credit be given to the author, "
"and that reusers supply a link back to the original source of the material. "
"básicas de justicia, como dar crédito."
#. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><sect1><sect2><para>
-#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:2038
+#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:2037
msgid ""
"The fact that the name of the creator follows a CC-licensed work makes the "
"licenses an important means to develop a reputation or, in corporate speak, "
"citando su trabajo."
#. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><sect1><sect2><para>
-#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:2052
+#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:2051
msgid ""
"Attribution can be about more than just receiving credit. It can also be "
"about establishing provenance. People naturally want to know where content "
"una parte especial del producto."
#. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><sect1><sect2><para>
-#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:2067
+#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:2066
msgid ""
"Knowing the source of a work is also critical to ensuring its credibility. "
"Just as a trademark is designed to give consumers a way to identify the "
"confiable de información es más valioso que nunca."
#. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><sect1><sect2><title>
-#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:2077
+#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:2076
msgid "Use CC-licensed content as a marketing tool"
msgstr ""
"Utilizar el contenido licenciado con CC como una herramienta publicitaria"
#. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><sect1><sect2><para>
-#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:2079
+#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:2078
msgid ""
"As we will cover in more detail later, many endeavors that are Made with "
"Creative Commons make money by providing a product or service other than the "
"llevar a la gente al otro producto o servicio."
#. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><sect1><sect2><para><footnote><para>
-#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:2101
+#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:2100
msgid "Anderson, Free, 44."
msgstr "Anderson, Free, 44."
#. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><sect1><sect2><para>
-#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:2088
+#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:2087
msgid ""
"Knowledge Unlatched’s Pinter told us she has seen time and again how "
"offering CC-licensed content—that is, digitally for free—actually increases "
"\"0\"/> Lo gratuito puede ser una forma de promoción."
#. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><sect1><sect2><para>
-#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:2105
+#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:2104
msgid ""
"In some cases, endeavors that are Made with Creative Commons do not even "
"need dedicated marketing teams or marketing budgets. Cards Against Humanity "
"libros de texto de OpenStax)."
#. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><sect1><sect2><title>
-#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:2122
+#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:2121
msgid "Use CC to enable hands-on engagement with your work"
msgstr ""
"Utilizar CC para que otros se comprometan con tu trabajo y participen "
"activamente"
#. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><sect1><sect2><para>
-#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:2125
+#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:2124
msgid ""
"The great promise of Creative Commons licensing is that it signifies an "
"embrace of remix culture. Indeed, this is the great promise of digital "
"para la participación pública en el trabajo creativo."
#. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><sect1><sect2><para><footnote><para>
-#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:2139
+#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:2138
msgid "Osterwalder and Pigneur, Business Model Generation, 23."
msgstr "Osterwalder y Pigneur, Business Model Generation, 23."
#. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><sect1><sect2><para>
-#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:2132
+#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:2131
msgid ""
"Four of the six CC licenses enable reusers to take apart, build upon, or "
"otherwise adapt the work. Depending on the context, adaptation can mean "
"foto es menos importante."
#. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><sect1><sect2><para><footnote><para>
-#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:2152
+#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:2151
msgid "Anderson, Free, 67."
msgstr "Anderson, Free, 67."
#. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><sect1><sect2><para><footnote><para>
-#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:2157
+#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:2156
msgid "Ibid., 58."
msgstr "Ibid., 58."
#. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><sect1><sect2><para><footnote><para>
-#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:2160
+#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:2159
msgid "Anderson, Makers, 71."
msgstr "Anderson, Makers, 71."
#. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><sect1><sect2><para><footnote><para>
-#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:2165
+#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:2164
msgid ""
"Clay Shirky, Cognitive Surplus: How Technology Makes Consumers into "
"Collaborators (London: Penguin Books, 2010), 78."
"Collaborators (Londres: Penguin Books, 2010), 78."
#. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><sect1><sect2><para>
-#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:2147
+#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:2146
msgid ""
"This is a way to counteract a potential downside of the abundance of free "
"and open content described above. As Anderson wrote in Free, <quote>People "
"creado por otro.<placeholder type=\"footnote\" id=\"3\"/>"
#. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><sect1><sect2><para><footnote><para>
-#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:2178
+#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:2177
msgid "Ibid., 21."
msgstr "Ibid., 21."
#. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><sect1><sect2><para>
-#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:2171
+#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:2170
msgid ""
"Actively engaging with the content helps us avoid the type of aimless "
"consumption that anyone who has absentmindedly scrolled through their social-"
"puede hacer que la gente se conecte más profundamente con tu trabajo."
#. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><sect1><sect2><title>
-#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:2184
+#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:2183
msgid "Use CC to differentiate yourself"
msgstr "Usar CC para diferenciarse"
#. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><sect1><sect2><para><footnote><para>
-#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:2193
+#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:2192
msgid "Doctorow, Information Doesn’t Want to Be Free, 43."
msgstr "Doctorow, Information Doesn’t Want to Be Free, 43."
#. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><sect1><sect2><para>
-#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:2186
+#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:2185
msgid ""
"Operating under a traditional copyright regime usually means operating under "
"the rules of establishment players in the media. Business strategies that "
"quote>, dijo David. <quote>Cambia las reglas del juego</quote>."
#. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><sect1><title>
-#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:2205
+#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:2204
msgid "Making Money"
msgstr "Hacer dinero"
#. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><sect1><para><footnote><para>
-#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:2215
+#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:2214
msgid ""
"William Landes Foster, Peter Kim, and Barbara Christiansen, <quote>Ten "
"Nonprofit Funding Models,</quote> Stanford Social Innovation Review, Spring "
"ten_nonprofit_funding_models\"/>."
#. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><sect1><para>
-#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:2207
+#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:2206
msgid ""
"Like any moneymaking endeavor, those that are Made with Creative Commons "
"have to generate some type of value for their audience or customers. "
"reciprocidad."
#. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><sect1><para><footnote><para>
-#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:2236
+#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:2235
msgid "Shirky, Cognitive Surplus, 111."
msgstr "Shirky, Cognitive Surplus, 111."
#. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><sect1><para>
-#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:2228
+#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:2227
msgid ""
"Most who are Made with Creative Commons use a variety of methods to bring in "
"revenue, some market-based and some not. One common strategy is using grant "
"\" id=\"0\"/>"
#. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><sect1><para>
-#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:2240
+#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:2239
msgid ""
"Our case studies explore in more detail the various revenue-generating "
"mechanisms used by the creators, organizations, and businesses we "
"alto de abstracción."
#. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><sect1><sect2><title>
-#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:2249
+#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:2248
msgid "Market-based revenue streams"
msgstr "Flujos de ingresos basados en el mercado"
#. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><sect1><sect2><para><footnote><para>
-#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:2254
+#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:2253
msgid "Osterwalder and Pigneur, Business Model Generation, 30."
msgstr "Osterwalder y Pigneur, Business Model Generation, 30."
#. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><sect1><sect2><para><footnote><para>
-#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:2261
+#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:2260
msgid ""
"Jim Whitehurst, The Open Organization: Igniting Passion and Performance "
"(Boston: Harvard Business Review Press, 2015), 202."
"(Boston: Harvard Business Review Press, 2015), 202."
#. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><sect1><sect2><para>
-#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:2251
+#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:2250
msgid ""
"In the market, the central question when determining how to bring in revenue "
"is what value people are willing to pay for.<placeholder type=\"footnote\" "
"le provee al producto.<placeholder type=\"footnote\" id=\"1\"/>"
#. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><sect1><sect2><para><footnote><para>
-#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:2277
+#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:2276
msgid "Anderson, Free, 71."
msgstr "Anderson, Free, 71."
#. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><sect1><sect2><para>
-#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:2267
+#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:2266
msgid ""
"In many ways, this is the way of the future for all content-driven "
"endeavors. In the market, value lives in things that are scarce. Because the "
"fuerza de la gravedad</quote>."
#. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><sect1><sect2><para><footnote><para>
-#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:2296
+#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:2295
msgid "Ibid., 231."
msgstr "Ibid., 231."
#. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><sect1><sect2><para>
-#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:2286
+#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:2285
msgid ""
"Of course, this doesn’t mean that content-driven endeavors have no future in "
"the traditional marketplace. In Free, Anderson explains how when one product "
"quote>.<placeholder type=\"footnote\" id=\"0\"/> 1"
#. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><sect1><sect2><para>
-#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:2300
+#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:2299
msgid ""
"In light of this reality, in some ways endeavors that are Made with Creative "
"Commons are at a level playing field with all content-based endeavors in the "
"detras de <emphasis>Hecho con Creative Commons</emphasis>."
#. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><sect1><sect2><para>
-#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:2309
+#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:2308
msgid ""
"For content creators and distributors, there are nearly infinite ways to "
"provide value to the consumers of your work, above and beyond the value that "
"servicio asociado con un costo."
#. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><sect1><sect2><para>
-#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:2316
+#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:2315
msgid "Here are the most common high-level categories."
msgstr "Aquí hay algunas de la categorias superiores."
#. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><sect1><sect2><title>
-#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:2320
+#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:2319
msgid ""
"Providing a custom service to consumers of your work <emphasis>[MARKET-"
"BASED]</emphasis>"
"<emphasis>[BASADO EN EL MERCADO]</emphasis>"
#. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><sect1><sect2><para><footnote><para>
-#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:2330
+#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:2329
msgid "Ibid., 97."
msgstr "Ibid., 97."
#. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><sect1><sect2><para>
-#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:2323
+#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:2322
msgid ""
"In this age of information abundance, we don’t lack for content. The trick "
"is finding content that matches our needs and wants, so customized services "
"Jonathan <quote>Una-canción-al-dia</quote> Mann."
#. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><sect1><sect2><title>
-#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:2338
+#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:2337
msgid "Charging for the physical copy <emphasis>[MARKET-BASED]</emphasis>"
msgstr ""
"Cobrando por la copia física <emphasis>[BASADO EN EL MERCADO]</emphasis>"
#. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><sect1><sect2><para><footnote><para>
-#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:2345
+#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:2344
msgid "Anderson, Makers, 107."
msgstr "Anderson, Makers, 107."
#. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><sect1><sect2><para>
-#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:2341
+#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:2340
msgid ""
"In his book about maker culture, Anderson characterizes this model as giving "
"away the bits and selling the atoms (where bits refers to digital content "
"tradicional."
#. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><sect1><sect2><title>
-#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:2369
+#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:2368
msgid "Charging for the in-person version <emphasis>[MARKET-BASED]</emphasis>"
msgstr ""
"Cobrando por la versión en persona <emphasis>[BASADA EN EL MERCADO]</"
"emphasis>"
#. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><sect1><sect2><para>
-#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:2372
+#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:2371
msgid ""
"As anyone who has ever gone to a concert will tell you, experiencing "
"creativity in person is a completely different experience from consuming a "
"capacitación."
#. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><sect1><sect2><title>
-#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:2383
+#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:2382
msgid "Selling merchandise <emphasis>[MARKET-BASED]</emphasis>"
msgstr "Vendiendo mercancia <emphasis>[BASADO EN EL MERCADO]</emphasis>"
#. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><sect1><sect2><para>
-#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:2386
+#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:2385
msgid ""
"In many cases, people who like your work will pay for products demonstrating "
"a connection to your work. As a child of the 1980s, I can personally attest "
"Esto puede ser un flujo de ganancias importante para galerias y museos."
#. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><sect1><sect2><para><footnote><para>
-#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:2403
+#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:2402
msgid "Osterwalder and Pigneur, Business Model Generation, 89."
msgstr "Osterwalder y Pigneur, Business Model Generation, 89."
#. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><sect1><sect2><para>
-#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:2393
+#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:2392
msgid ""
"Sometimes the way to find a market-based revenue stream is by providing "
"value to people other than those who consume your CC-licensed content. In "
"proveer."
#. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><sect1><sect2><title>
-#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:2410
+#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:2409
msgid "Charging advertisers or sponsors <emphasis>[MARKET-BASED]</emphasis>"
msgstr ""
"Cobrando a los anunciantes o promotores <emphasis>[BASADO EN EL MERCADO]</"
"emphasis>"
#. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><sect1><sect2><para><footnote><para>
-#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:2418
+#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:2417
msgid "Ibid., 92."
msgstr "Ibid., 92."
#. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><sect1><sect2><para><footnote><para>
-#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:2422
+#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:2421
msgid "Anderson, Free, 142."
msgstr "Anderson, Free, 142."
#. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><sect1><sect2><para>
-#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:2413
+#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:2412
msgid ""
"The traditional model of subsidizing free content is advertising. In this "
"version of multi-sided platforms, advertisers pay for the opportunity to "
"particular, o de toda la empresa."
#. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><sect1><sect2><title>
-#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:2431
+#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:2430
msgid "Charging your content creators <emphasis>[MARKET-BASED]</emphasis>"
msgstr ""
"Cobrando a los creadores de contenido <emphasis>[BASADO EN EL MERCADO]</"
"emphasis>"
#. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><sect1><sect2><para>
-#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:2434
+#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:2433
msgid ""
"Another type of multisided platform is where the content creators themselves "
"pay to be featured on the platform. Obviously, this revenue stream is only "
"participen como escritores del contenido del sitio Web de The Conversation."
#. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><sect1><sect2><title>
-#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:2448
+#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:2447
msgid "Charging a transaction fee <emphasis>[MARKET-BASED]</emphasis>"
msgstr ""
"Cobrando una cuota por transacción <emphasis>[BASADO EN EL MERCADO]</"
"emphasis>"
#. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><sect1><sect2><para><footnote><para>
-#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:2453
+#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:2452
msgid "Osterwalder and Pigneur, Business Model Generation, 32."
msgstr "Osterwalder y Pigneur, Business Model Generation, 32."
#. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><sect1><sect2><para>
-#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:2451
+#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:2450
msgid ""
"This is a version of a traditional business model based on brokering "
"transactions between parties.<placeholder type=\"footnote\" id=\"0\"/> "
"creador para hacer mobilario basado en uno de los diseños en su plataforma."
#. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><sect1><sect2><title>
-#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:2465
+#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:2464
msgid ""
"Providing a service to your creators <emphasis>[MARKET-BASED]</emphasis>"
msgstr ""
"emphasis>"
#. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><sect1><sect2><para>
-#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:2468
+#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:2467
msgid ""
"As mentioned above, endeavors can make money by providing customized "
"services to their users. Platforms can undertake a variation of this service "
"reusable y localizable."
#. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><sect1><sect2><title>
-#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:2478
+#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:2477
msgid "Licensing a trademark <emphasis>[MARKET-BASED]</emphasis>"
msgstr ""
"Licenciando una marca registrada <emphasis>[BASADO EN EL MERCADO]</emphasis>"
#. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><sect1><sect2><para>
-#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:2481
+#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:2480
msgid ""
"Finally, some that are Made with Creative Commons make money by selling use "
"of their trademarks. Well known brands that consumers associate with "
"mientras se toma ventaja de la abundancia del contenido bajo CC."
#. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><sect1><sect2><title>
-#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:2493
+#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:2492
msgid "Reciprocity-based revenue streams"
msgstr "Flujos de ingresos basados en la reciprocidad"
#. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><sect1><sect2><para>
-#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:2495
+#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:2494
msgid ""
"Even if we set aside grant funding, we found that the traditional economic "
"framework of understanding the market failed to fully capture the ways the "
"hecho dinero. No era simplemente acerca de monetizar la escasez."
#. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><sect1><sect2><para>
-#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:2502
+#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:2501
msgid ""
"Rather than devising a scheme to get people to pay money in exchange for "
"some direct value provided to them, many of the revenue streams were more "
"iguales</quote>\""
#. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><sect1><sect2><para>
-#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:2515
+#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:2514
msgid ""
"This should be a familiar dynamic—it is the way you deal with your friends "
"and family. We give without regard for what and when we will get back. David "
"sobrevivir y evolucionar</quote>."
#. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><sect1><sect2><para><footnote><para>
-#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:2525
+#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:2524
msgid "Bollier, Think Like a Commoner, 150."
msgstr "Bollier, Think Like a Commoner, 150."
#. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><sect1><sect2><para><footnote><para>
-#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:2529
+#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:2528
msgid "Ibid., 134."
msgstr "Ibid., 134."
#. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><sect1><sect2><para>
-#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:2523
+#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:2522
msgid ""
"What is rare is to incorporate this sort of relationship into an endeavor "
"that also engages with the market.<placeholder type=\"footnote\" id=\"0\"/> "
"intercambio equitativo del valor.<placeholder type=\"footnote\" id=\"1\"/>"
#. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><sect1><sect2><title>
-#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:2534
+#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:2533
msgid ""
"Memberships and individual donations <emphasis>[RECIPROCITY-BASED]</emphasis>"
msgstr ""
"emphasis>"
#. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><sect1><sect2><para>
-#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:2537
+#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:2536
msgid ""
"While memberships and donations are traditional nonprofit funding models, in "
"the Made with Creative Commons context, they are directly tied to the "
"misión social, es más probable que esta estratega triunfe."
#. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><sect1><sect2><title>
-#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:2553
+#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:2552
msgid "The pay-what-you-want model <emphasis>[RECIPROCITY-BASED]</emphasis>"
msgstr ""
"El modelo paga lo que quieres <emphasis>[BASADO EN LA RECIPROCIDAD</emphasis>"
#. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><sect1><sect2><para>
-#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:2556
+#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:2555
msgid ""
"In the pay-what-you-want model, the beneficiary of Creative Commons content "
"is invited to give—at any amount they can and feel is appropriate, based on "
"gratuitamente."
#. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><sect1><sect2><title>
-#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:2569
+#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:2568
msgid "Crowdfunding <emphasis>[RECIPROCITY-BASED]</emphasis>"
msgstr ""
"Financiamiento Comunitario <emphasis>[BASADO EN LA RECIPROCIDAD]</emphasis>"
#. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><sect1><sect2><para>
-#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:2572
+#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:2571
msgid ""
"Crowdfunding models are based on recouping the costs of creating and "
"distributing content before the content is created. If the endeavor is Made "
"supuesto</quote>."
#. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><sect1><sect2><para>
-#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:2590
+#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:2589
msgid ""
"Other types of crowdfunding rely on a sense of responsibility that a "
"particular community may feel. Knowledge Unlatched pools funds from major U."
"comunidad bibliotecaria y con la idea de acceso abierto general."
#. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><sect1><title>
-#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:2601
+#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:2600
msgid "Making Human Connections"
msgstr "Creando Conexiones Humanas"
#. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><sect1><para>
-#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:2603
+#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:2602
msgid ""
"Regardless of how they made money, in our interviews, we repeatedly heard "
"language like <quote>persuading people to buy</quote> and <quote>inviting "
"tejido de <emphasis>Hecho con Creative Commons</emphasis>."
#. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><sect1><para>
-#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:2620
+#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:2619
msgid ""
"Nearly every endeavor we profiled relied, at least in part, on people being "
"invested in what they do. The closer the Creative Commons content is to "
"creativas con las personas que valoran lo que ellos hacen."
#. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><sect1><para>
-#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:2628
+#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:2627
msgid ""
"It took me a very long time to see how this avoidance of thinking about what "
"they do in pure market terms was deeply tied to being Made with Creative "
"Creative Commons."
#. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><sect1><para>
-#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:2633
+#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:2632
msgid ""
"I came to the research with preconceived notions about what Creative Commons "
"is and what it means to be Made with Creative Commons. It turned out I was "
"emphasis>. Resulto que yo estaba mal en muchos aspectos."
#. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><sect1><para>
-#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:2638
+#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:2637
msgid ""
"Obviously, being Made with Creative Commons means using Creative Commons "
"licenses. That much I knew. But in our interviews, people spoke of so much "
"óptica."
#. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><sect1><para>
-#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:2649
+#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:2648
msgid ""
"Being Made with Creative Commons is not just about the simple act of "
"licensing a copyrighted work under a set of standardized terms, but also "
"conexiones contigo, con tú trabajoj, con tús valores, con todos."
#. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><sect1><para>
-#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:2663
+#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:2662
msgid ""
"The rest of this section will explore some of the common strategies that "
"creators, companies, and organizations use to remind us that there are "
"con todos. Para recordarnos como es realmente el compartir."
#. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><sect1><sect2><title>
-#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:2670
+#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:2669
msgid "Be human"
msgstr "Ser humano"
#. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><sect1><sect2><para><footnote><para>
-#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:2674
+#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:2673
msgid ""
"Dan Ariely, Predictably Irrational: The Hidden Forces That Shape Our "
"Decisions, rev. ed. (New York: Harper Perennial, 2010), 109."
"Decisions, rev. ed. (New York: Harper Perennial, 2010), 109."
#. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><sect1><sect2><para>
-#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:2672
+#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:2671
msgid ""
"Humans are social animals, which means we are naturally inclined to treat "
"each other well.<placeholder type=\"footnote\" id=\"0\"/> But the further "
"hacer fácil que nos olvidemos que estamos tratando con otro ser humano."
#. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><sect1><sect2><para><footnote><para>
-#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:2698
+#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:2697
msgid ""
"Austin Kleon, Show Your Work: 10 Ways to Share Your Creativity and Get "
"Discovered (New York: Workman, 2014), 93."
"Discovered (New York: Workman, 2014), 93."
#. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><sect1><sect2><para>
-#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:2685
+#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:2684
msgid ""
"To counteract the anonymous and impersonal tendencies of how we operate "
"online, individual creators and corporations who use Creative Commons "
"que te valoran a tí</quote>.<placeholder type=\"footnote\" id=\"0\"/>"
#. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><sect1><sect2><para>
-#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:2704
+#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:2703
msgid ""
"A critical component to doing this effectively is not worrying about being a "
"<quote>brand.</quote> That means not being afraid to be vulnerable. Amanda "
"pueden relacionar con ella, al menos no de una manera significativa."
#. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><sect1><sect2><para><footnote><para>
-#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:2725
+#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:2724
msgid "Kramer, Shareology, 76."
msgstr "Kramer, Shareology, 76."
#. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><sect1><sect2><para>
-#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:2717
+#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:2716
msgid ""
"This advice is probably even more important for businesses and organizations "
"because we instinctively conceive of them as nonhuman (though in the United "
"simular ser humano."
#. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><sect1><sect2><title>
-#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:2731
+#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:2730
msgid "Be open and accountable"
msgstr "Sé abierto y responsable"
#. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><sect1><sect2><para><footnote><para>
-#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:2740
+#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:2739
msgid "Palmer, Art of Asking, 252."
msgstr "Palmer, Art of Asking, 252."
#. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><sect1><sect2><para><footnote><para>
-#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:2745
+#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:2744
msgid "Whitehurst, Open Organization, 145."
msgstr "Whitehurst, Open Organization, 145."
#. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><sect1><sect2><para>
-#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:2733
+#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:2732
msgid ""
"Transparency helps people understand who you are and why you do what you do, "
"but it also inspires trust. Max Temkin of Cards Against Humanity told us, "
"type=\"footnote\" id=\"1\"/>"
#. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><sect1><sect2><para><footnote><para>
-#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:2754
+#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:2753
msgid "Surowiecki, Wisdom of Crowds, 203."
msgstr "Surowiecki, Wisdom of Crowds, 203."
#. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><sect1><sect2><para><footnote><para>
-#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:2761
+#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:2760
msgid "Whitehurst, Open Organization, 80."
msgstr "Whitehurst, Open Organization, 80."
#. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><sect1><sect2><para>
-#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:2749
+#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:2748
msgid ""
"Being accountable does not mean operating on consensus. According to James "
"Surowiecki, consensus-driven groups tend to resort to lowest-common-"
"hacer que la gente se involucre y se interese en lo que hace."
#. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><sect1><sect2><title>
-#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:2769
+#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:2768
msgid "Design for the good actors"
msgstr "Diseñar para los buenos actores"
#. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><sect1><sect2><para><footnote><para>
-#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:2773
+#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:2772
msgid "Bollier, Think Like a Commoner, 25."
msgstr "Bollier, Think Like a Commoner, 25."
#. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><sect1><sect2><para><footnote><para>
-#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:2778
+#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:2777
msgid "Ibid., 31."
msgstr "Ibid., 31."
#. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><sect1><sect2><para>
-#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:2771
+#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:2770
msgid ""
"Traditional economics assumes people make decisions based solely on their "
"own economic self-interest.<placeholder type=\"footnote\" id=\"0\"/> Any "
"están diseñados para los buenos actores."
#. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><sect1><sect2><para><footnote><para>
-#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:2797
+#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:2796
msgid "Shirky, Cognitive Surplus, 112."
msgstr "Shirky, Cognitive Surplus, 112."
#. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><sect1><sect2><para>
-#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:2791
+#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:2790
msgid ""
"The assumption that people will largely do the right thing can be a self-"
"fulfilling prophecy. Shirky wrote in Cognitive Surplus, <quote>Systems that "
"instintos sociales."
#. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><sect1><sect2><para><footnote><para>
-#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:2815
+#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:2814
msgid "Surowiecki, Wisdom of Crowds, 124."
msgstr "Surowiecki, Wisdom of Crowds, 124."
#. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><sect1><sect2><para>
-#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:2804
+#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:2803
msgid ""
"Rather than trying to exert control over people’s behavior, this mode of "
"operating requires a certain level of trust. We might not realize it, but "
"<placeholder type=\"footnote\" id=\"0\"/> Y muy comunmente, lo hacen."
#. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><sect1><sect2><title>
-#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:2820
+#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:2819
msgid "Treat humans like, well, humans"
msgstr "Trata a los seres humanos como, bueno, humanos"
#. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><sect1><sect2><para><footnote><para>
-#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:2825
+#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:2824
msgid "Kleon, Show Your Work, 127."
msgstr "Kleon, Show Your Work, 127."
#. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><sect1><sect2><para><footnote><para>
-#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:2833
+#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:2832
msgid "Palmer, Art of Asking, 121."
msgstr "Palmer, Art of Asking, 121."
#. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><sect1><sect2><para>
-#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:2822
+#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:2821
msgid ""
"For creators, treating people as humans means not treating them like fans. "
"As Kleon says, <quote>If you want fans, you have to be a fan first.</"
"al escuchar tanto como habla.<placeholder type=\"footnote\" id=\"1\"/>"
#. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><sect1><sect2><para>
-#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:2837
+#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:2836
msgid ""
"The same idea goes for businesses and organizations. Rather than automating "
"its customer service, the music platform Tribe of Noise makes a point to "
"con los usuarios."
#. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><sect1><sect2><para><footnote><para>
-#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:2848
+#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:2847
msgid "Ariely, Predictably Irrational, 87."
msgstr "Ariely, Predictably Irrational, 87."
#. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><sect1><sect2><para><footnote><para>
-#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:2858
+#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:2857
msgid "Ibid., 105."
msgstr "Ibid., 105."
#. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><sect1><sect2><para>
-#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:2843
+#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:2842
msgid ""
"When we treat people like humans, they typically return the gift in kind. "
"It’s called karma. But social relationships are fragile. It is all too easy "
"<placeholder type=\"footnote\" id=\"1\"/>"
#. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><sect1><sect2><title>
-#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:2863
+#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:2862
msgid "State your principles and stick to them"
msgstr "Establece tus principios y apégate a ellos"
#. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><sect1><sect2><para>
-#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:2865
+#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:2864
msgid ""
"Being Made with Creative Commons makes a statement about who you are and "
"what you do. The symbolism is powerful. Using Creative Commons licenses "
"con la misión social parte de alguna empresa . Regularmente ambas."
#. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><sect1><sect2><para>
-#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:2877
+#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:2876
msgid ""
"The expression of your values doesn’t have to be implicit. In fact, many of "
"the people we interviewed talked about how important it is to state your "
"comunidad OER (recursos abiertos educativos) en la que ellos operan."
#. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><sect1><sect2><para><footnote><para>
-#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:2892
+#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:2891
msgid "Ibid., 36."
msgstr "Ibid., 36."
#. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><sect1><sect2><para>
-#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:2888
+#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:2887
msgid ""
"When your end goal is not about making a profit, people trust that you "
"aren’t just trying to extract value for your own gain. People notice when "
"contribuyentes motivados, y construye confianza."
#. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><sect1><sect2><title>
-#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:2898
+#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:2897
msgid "Build a community"
msgstr "Construye una comunidad"
#. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><sect1><sect2><para><footnote><para>
-#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:2906
+#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:2905
msgid ""
"Jono Bacon, The Art of Community, 2nd ed. (Sebastopol, CA: O’Reilly Media, "
"2012), 36."
"2012), 36."
#. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><sect1><sect2><para>
-#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:2900
+#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:2899
msgid ""
"Endeavors that are Made with Creative Commons thrive when community is built "
"around what they do. This may mean a community collaborating together to "
"los valores que se simbolizan en el uso de CC."
#. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><sect1><sect2><para><footnote><para>
-#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:2922
+#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:2921
msgid "Palmer, Art of Asking, 98."
msgstr "Palmer, Art of Asking, 98."
#. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><sect1><sect2><para><footnote><para>
-#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:2929
+#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:2928
msgid "Whitehurst, Open Organization, 34."
msgstr "Whitehurst, Open Organization, 34."
#. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><sect1><sect2><para>
-#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:2914
+#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:2913
msgid ""
"To be sustainable, though, you have to work to nurture community. People "
"have to care—about you and each other. One critical piece to this is "
"organizaciones abiertas</quote>.<placeholder type=\"footnote\" id=\"1\"/>"
#. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><sect1><sect2><para><footnote><para>
-#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:2941
+#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:2940
msgid "Surowiecki, Wisdom of Crowds, 200."
msgstr "Surowiecki, Wisdom of Crowds, 200."
#. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><sect1><sect2><para><footnote><para>
-#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:2945
+#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:2944
msgid "Bollier, Think Like a Commoner, 29."
msgstr "Bollier, Think Like a Commoner, 29."
#. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><sect1><sect2><para>
-#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:2933
+#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:2932
msgid ""
"Communities that collaborate together take deliberate planning. Surowiecki "
"wrote, <quote>It takes a lot of work to put the group together. It’s "
"conlleva a la desvinculación."
#. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><sect1><sect2><para>
-#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:2951
+#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:2950
msgid ""
"Community takes work, but working together, or even simply being connected "
"around common interests or values, is in many ways what sharing is about."
"lo que se trata compartir."
#. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><sect1><sect2><title>
-#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:2957
+#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:2956
msgid "Give more to the commons than you take"
msgstr "Da más a los comunes de lo que te llevas"
#. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><sect1><sect2><para><footnote><para>
-#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:2968
+#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:2967
msgid ""
"Giana Eckhardt and Fleura Bardhi, <quote>The Sharing Economy Isn’t about "
"Sharing at All,</quote> Harvard Business Review (website), January 28, 2015, "
"sharing-at-all\"/>."
#. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><sect1><sect2><para><footnote><para>
-#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:2976
+#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:2975
msgid ""
"Lisa Gansky, The Mesh: Why the Future of Business Is Sharing, reprint with "
"new epilogue (New York: Portfolio, 2012)."
"con un nuevo epílogo (New York: Portfolio, 2012)."
#. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><sect1><sect2><para>
-#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:2959
+#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:2958
msgid ""
"Conventional wisdom in the marketplace dictates that people should try to "
"extract as much money as possible from resources. This is essentially what "
"type=\"footnote\" id=\"1\"/> Eso no es compartir."
#. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><sect1><sect2><para><footnote><para>
-#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:2992
+#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:2991
msgid ""
"David Lee, <quote>Inside Medium: An Attempt to Bring Civility to the "
"Internet,</quote> BBC News, March 3, 2016, <ulink url=\"http://www.bbc.com/"
"com/news/technology-35709680\"/>."
#. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><sect1><sect2><para>
-#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:2982
+#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:2981
msgid ""
"Sharing requires adding as much or more value to the ecosystem than you "
"take. You can’t simply treat open content as a free pool of resources from "
"manera efectiva."
#. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><sect1><sect2><para>
-#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:3001
+#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:3000
msgid ""
"In all cases, it is important to openly acknowledge the amount of value you "
"add versus that which you draw on that was created by others. Being "
"añadiste."
#. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><sect1><sect2><title>
-#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:3012
+#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:3011
msgid "Involve people in what you do"
msgstr "Involucra a la gente en lo que haces"
#. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><sect1><sect2><para><footnote><para>
-#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:3017
+#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:3016
msgid "Anderson, Makers, 148."
msgstr "Anderson, Makers, 148."
#. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><sect1><sect2><para><footnote><para>
-#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:3021
+#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:3020
msgid "Shirky, Cognitive Surplus, 164."
msgstr "Shirky, Cognitive Surplus, 164."
#. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><sect1><sect2><para><footnote><para>
-#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:3028
-#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:3092
+#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:3027
+#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:3091
msgid "Whitehurst, foreword to Open Organization."
msgstr "Whitehurst, prefacio de Open Organization."
#. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><sect1><sect2><para>
-#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:3014
+#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:3013
msgid ""
"Thanks to the Internet, we can tap into the talents and expertise of people "
"around the globe. Chris Anderson calls it the Long Tail of talent."
"<placeholder type=\"footnote\" id=\"2\" />"
#. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><sect1><sect2><para><footnote><para>
-#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:3041
+#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:3040
msgid "Shirky, Cognitive Surplus, 144."
msgstr "Shirky, Cognitive Surplus, 144."
#. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><sect1><sect2><para>
-#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:3032
+#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:3031
msgid ""
"As the success of Wikipedia demonstrates, editing an online encyclopedia is "
"exactly the sort of activity that is perfect for massive co-creation because "
"<placeholder type=\"footnote\" id=\"0\"/>"
#. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><sect1><sect2><para><quote><footnote><para>
-#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:3053
+#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:3052
msgid "Ibid., 154."
msgstr "Ibid., 154."
#. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><sect1><sect2><para><footnote><para>
-#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:3065
+#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:3064
msgid "Palmer, Art of Asking, 163."
msgstr "Palmer, Art of Asking, 163."
#. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><sect1><sect2><para>
-#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:3045
+#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:3044
+#, fuzzy
+#| msgid ""
+#| "It is easy to romanticize the opportunities for global cocreation made "
+#| "possible by the Internet, and, indeed, the successful examples of it are "
+#| "truly incredible and inspiring. But in a wide range of circumstances—"
+#| "perhaps more often than not—community cocreation is not part of the "
+#| "equation, even within endeavors built on CC content. Shirky wrote, "
+#| "<quote>Sometimes the value of professional work trumps the value of "
+#| "amateur sharing or a feeling of belonging.<placeholder type=\"footnote\" "
+#| "id=\"0\"/> The textbook publisher OpenStax, which distributes all of its "
+#| "material for free under CC licensing, is an example of this dynamic. "
+#| "Rather than tapping the community to help cocreate their college "
+#| "textbooks, they invest a significant amount of time and money to develop "
+#| "professional content. For individual creators, where the creative work is "
+#| "the basis for what they do, community cocreation is only rarely a part of "
+#| "the picture. Even musician Amanda Palmer, who is famous for her openness "
+#| "and involvement with her fans, said, “The only department where I wasn’t "
+#| "open to input was the writing, the music itself.</quote><placeholder type="
+#| "\"footnote\" id=\"1\"/>"
msgid ""
"It is easy to romanticize the opportunities for global cocreation made "
"possible by the Internet, and, indeed, the successful examples of it are "
"individual creators, where the creative work is the basis for what they do, "
"community cocreation is only rarely a part of the picture. Even musician "
"Amanda Palmer, who is famous for her openness and involvement with her fans, "
-"said, “The only department where I wasn’t open to input was the writing, the "
-"
music itself.</quote><placeholder type=\"footnote\" id=\"1\"/>"
+"said,</quote>The only department where I wasn’t open to input was the "
+"
writing, the music itself.\"<placeholder type=\"footnote\" id=\"1\"/>"
msgstr ""
"Es fácil idealizar las oportunidades de la co-creación global que se dan "
"gracias a Internet. De hecho, los ejemples exitosos son verdaderamente "
"\"1\" />"
#. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><sect1><sect2><para><footnote><para>
-#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:3076
+#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:3075
msgid "Anderson, Makers, 173."
msgstr "Anderson, Makers, 173."
#. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><sect1><sect2><para><footnote><para>
-#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:3083
+#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:3082
msgid ""
"Tom Kelley and David Kelley, Creative Confidence: Unleashing the Potential "
"within Us All (New York: Crown, 2013), 82."
"within Us All (New York: Crown, 2013), 82."
#. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><sect1><sect2><para>
-#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:3069
+#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:3068
msgid ""
"While we tend to immediately think of cocreation and remixing when we hear "
"the word collaboration, you can also involve others in your creative process "
"<placeholder type=\"footnote\" id=\"1\" />"
#. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><sect1><sect2><para><footnote><para>
-#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:3100
+#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:3099
msgid ""
"Rachel Botsman and Roo Rogers, What’s Mine Is Yours: The Rise of "
"Collaborative Consumption (New York: Harper Business, 2010), 188."
"Consumption (New York: Harper Business, 2010), 188."
#. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><sect1><sect2><para>
-#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:3089
+#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:3088
msgid ""
"There is no one way to involve people in what you do. They key is finding a "
"way for people to contribute on their terms, compelled by their own "
"\"footnote\" id=\"1\" />"
#. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><title>
-#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:3109
+#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:3108
msgid "The Creative Commons Licenses"
msgstr "Las Licencias Creative Commons"
#. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para>
-#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:3111
+#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:3110
msgid ""
"All of the Creative Commons licenses grant a basic set of permissions. At a "
"minimum, a CC- licensed work can be copied and shared in its original form "
"patentes o marcas registradas."
#. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para>
-#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:3125
+#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:3124
msgid "Here are the six licenses:"
msgstr "A continuación se presentan las seis licencias:"
#. type: Attribute 'fileref' of: <book><part><chapter><para><inlinemediaobject><imageobject><imagedata>
-#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:3130
+#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:3129
msgid "Pictures/10000201000001930000008D83BF99FC0821C489.png"
msgstr "Pictures/10000201000001930000008D83BF99FC0821C489.png"
#. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para>
-#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:3128
-#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:3142
-#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:3158
-#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:3170
-#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:3183
-#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:3196
-#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:3216
-#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:3228
+#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:3127
+#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:3141
+#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:3157
+#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:3169
+#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:3182
+#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:3195
+#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:3215
+#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:3227
msgid "<placeholder type=\"inlinemediaobject\" id=\"0\"/>"
msgstr "<placeholder type=\"mediaobject\" id=\"0\"/>"
#. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para>
-#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:3135
+#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:3134
msgid ""
"The Attribution license (CC BY) lets others distribute, remix, tweak, and "
"build upon your work, even commercially, as long as they credit you for the "
"de materiales licenciados."
#. type: Attribute 'fileref' of: <book><part><chapter><para><inlinemediaobject><imageobject><imagedata>
-#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:3144
+#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:3143
msgid "Pictures/10000201000001930000008DFD3592CB17C4EC38.png"
msgstr "Pictures/10000201000001930000008DFD3592CB17C4EC38.png"
#. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para>
-#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:3149
+#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:3148
msgid ""
"The Attribution-Share-Alike license (CC BY-SA) lets others remix, tweak, and "
"build upon your work, even for commercial purposes, as long as they credit "
"derivada también permitirá el uso con fines comerciales."
#. type: Attribute 'fileref' of: <book><part><chapter><para><inlinemediaobject><imageobject><imagedata>
-#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:3160
+#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:3159
msgid "Pictures/10000201000001930000008D254882DE24793FEA.png"
msgstr "Pictures/10000201000001930000008D254882DE24793FEA.png"
#. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para>
-#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:3165
+#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:3164
msgid ""
"The Attribution-NoDerivs license (CC BY-ND) allows for redistribution, "
"commercial and noncommercial, as long as it is passed along unchanged with "
"modificaciones y te den crédito como autor."
#. type: Attribute 'fileref' of: <book><part><chapter><para><inlinemediaobject><imageobject><imagedata>
-#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:3172
+#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:3171
msgid "Pictures/10000201000001930000008DCAF78FB61D1CBDA6.png"
msgstr "Pictures/10000201000001930000008DCAF78FB61D1CBDA6.png"
#. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para>
-#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:3177
+#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:3176
msgid ""
"The Attribution-NonCommercial license (CC BY-NC) lets others remix, tweak, "
"and build upon your work noncommercially. Although their new works must also "
"creador, no tienen la obligación de licenciarlos bajo estos mismos términos."
#. type: Attribute 'fileref' of: <book><part><chapter><para><inlinemediaobject><imageobject><imagedata>
-#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:3185
+#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:3184
msgid "Pictures/10000201000001930000008D16DA603376395620.png"
msgstr "Pictures/10000201000001930000008D16DA603376395620.png"
#. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para>
-#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:3190
+#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:3189
msgid ""
"The Attribution-NonCommercial-ShareAlike license (CC BY-NC-SA) lets others "
"remix, tweak, and build upon your work noncommercially, as long as they "
"creaciones bajo los mismos términos."
#. type: Attribute 'fileref' of: <book><part><chapter><para><inlinemediaobject><imageobject><imagedata>
-#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:3198
+#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:3197
msgid "Pictures/10000201000001930000008DC3FEF92B21310965.png"
msgstr "Pictures/10000201000001930000008DC3FEF92B21310965.png"
#. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para>
-#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:3203
+#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:3202
msgid ""
"The Attribution-NonCommercial-NoDerivs license (CC BY-NC-ND) is the most "
"restrictive of our six main licenses, only allowing others to download your "
"posibilidad de modificarla de ninguna manera o utilizarla comercialmente."
#. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para>
-#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:3210
+#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:3209
msgid ""
"In addition to these six licenses, Creative Commons has two public-domain "
"tools—one for creators and the other for those who manage collections of "
"cuyos plazos de derechos de autor han expirado:"
#. type: Attribute 'fileref' of: <book><part><chapter><para><inlinemediaobject><imageobject><imagedata>
-#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:3218
+#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:3217
msgid "Pictures/10000201000001900000008DBE3414994CD27786.png"
msgstr "Pictures/10000201000001900000008DBE3414994CD27786.png"
#. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para>
-#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:3223
+#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:3222
msgid ""
"CC0 enables authors and copyright owners to dedicate their works to the "
"worldwide public domain (<quote>no rights reserved</quote>)."
"quote>)."
#. type: Attribute 'fileref' of: <book><part><chapter><para><inlinemediaobject><imageobject><imagedata>
-#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:3230
+#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:3229
msgid "Pictures/10000201000001900000008D36DCD649C5B1411F.png"
msgstr "Pictures/10000201000001900000008D36DCD649C5B1411F.png"
#. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para>
-#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:3235
+#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:3234
msgid ""
"The Creative Commons Public Domain Mark facilitates the labeling and "
"discovery of works that are already free of known copyright restrictions."
"derecho autoral."
#. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para>
-#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:3240
+#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:3239
msgid ""
"In our case studies, some use just one Creative Commons license, others use "
"several. Attribution (found in thirteen case studies) and Attribution-"
"digital, amplifican su involucramiento y compromiso de compartir."
#. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para>
-#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:3251
+#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:3250
msgid ""
"There is a popular misconception that the three NonCommercial licenses "
"offered by CC are the only options for those who want to make money off "
"largometraje, o evitar que otra compañía venda copias físicas del mismo."
#. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para>
-#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:3265
+#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:3264
msgid ""
"The decision to choose a NonCommercial and/or NoDerivs license comes down to "
"how much you need to retain control over the creative work. The "
"distribuidora descubra su trabajo."
#. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para>
-#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:3278
+#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:3277
msgid ""
"Other times the decision to use a more restrictive license is due to a "
"concern about the integrity of the work. For example, the nonprofit "
"médicos."
#. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para>
-#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:3285
+#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:3284
msgid ""
"There is no one right way. The NonCommercial and NoDerivs restrictions "
"reflect the values and preferences of creators about how their creative work "
"normas entre distintos dominios."
#. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para>
-#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:3297
+#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:3296
msgid "Note"
msgstr "Notas"
#. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para>
-#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:3300
+#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:3299
+#, fuzzy
+#| msgid ""
+#| "For more about the licenses including examples and tips on sharing your "
+#| "work in the digital commons, start with the Creative Commons page called "
+#| "<quote>Share Your Work</quote> at <ulink url=\"http://creativecommons.org/"
+#| "share-your-work/\"/>."
msgid ""
"For more about the licenses including examples and tips on sharing your work "
"in the digital commons, start with the Creative Commons page called "
-"<quote>Share Your Work</quote> at <ulink url=\"http://creativecommons.org/"
-"share-your-work/\"/>."
+"<quote>Share Your Work</quote> at"
msgstr ""
"Para mayor información acerca de las licencias, incluyendo ejemplos y "
"recomendaciones acerca de cómo compartir sus obras en el bienes comunes "
"Su Obra</quote> (<quote>Share Your Work</quote>, en <ulink url=\"http://"
"creativecommons.org/share-your-work/\"/>."
+#. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para>
+#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:3303
+#, fuzzy
+#| msgid "<ulink url=\"http://theconversation.com/us/charter\"/>"
+msgid "<ulink url=\"http://creativecommons.org/share-your-work/\"/>."
+msgstr "<ulink url=\"http://theconversation.com/us/charter\"/>"
+
#. type: Content of: <book><part><title>
#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:3308
msgid "The Case Studies"
#. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><blockquote><para>
#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:3344
-#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:4195
+#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:4200
msgid "<emphasis role=\"strong\">Interview date</emphasis>: February 4, 2016"
msgstr ""
"<emphasis role=\"strong\">Fecha de la entrevista</emphasis>: 4 de febrero, "
#. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><blockquote><para>
#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:3351
-#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:4202
-#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:4638
-#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:4880
-#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:5162
-#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:5472
-#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:5985
-#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:6239
-#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:6561
-#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:6913
-#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:7457
-#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:7741
-#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:8211
-#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:8992
+#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:4207
+#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:4643
+#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:4888
+#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:5173
+#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:5483
+#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:5998
+#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:6252
+#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:6574
+#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:6926
+#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:7470
+#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:7754
+#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:8224
+#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:9005
msgid "Profile written by Paul Stacey"
msgstr "Perfil escrito por Paul Stacey"
#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:3593
#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:3784
#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:3980
-#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:4401
-#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:5774
-#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:7225
-#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:8009
-#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:8537
-#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:8759
-#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:9230
+#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:4406
+#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:5785
+#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:7238
+#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:8022
+#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:8550
+#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:8772
+#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:9243
msgid "Profile written by Sarah Hinchliff Pearson"
msgstr "Perfil escrito por Sarah Hinchliff Pearson"
#. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para>
#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:4022
+#, fuzzy
+#| msgid ""
+#| "All together, these factors—the crass tone of the game and company, the "
+#| "free download, the openness to fans remixing the game—give the game a "
+#| "massive cult following."
msgid ""
"All together, these factors—the crass tone of the game and company, the free "
-"download, the openness to fans remixing the game—give the game a massive "
-"cult following."
+"download, the"
msgstr ""
"En conjunto, estos factores —el tono grosero del juego y la compañía, la "
"descarga gratuita, la apertura a que la gente remezcle el juego— le han dado "
"una base de seguidores masiva."
#. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para>
-#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:4027
+#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:4026
+msgid "openness to fans remixing the game—give"
+msgstr ""
+
+#. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para>
+#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:4029
+msgid "the game a massive cult following."
+msgstr ""
+
+#. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para>
+#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:4032
msgid ""
"Their success is not the result of a grand plan. Instead, Cards Against "
"Humanity was the last in a long line of games and comedy projects that Max "
"de 2011."
#. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para>
-#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:4040
+#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:4045
msgid ""
"The game caught on quickly, and it has only grown more popular over time. "
"Max says the eight founders never had a meeting where they decided to make "
"quote>, dice."
#. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para>
-#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:4046
+#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:4051
msgid ""
"But this tale of a <quote>happy accident</quote> belies marketing genius. "
"Just like the game, the Cards Against Humanity brand is irreverent and "
"preguntas</quote>."
#. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para>
-#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:4052
+#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:4057
msgid ""
"Like most quality satire, however, there is more to the joke than vulgarity "
"and shock value. The company’s marketing efforts around Black Friday "
"decidieron iniciar su Venta de Todo Cuesta $5 Más."
#. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para>
-#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:4065
+#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:4070
msgid ""
"<quote>We sweated it out the night before Black Friday, wondering if our "
"fans were going to hate us for it,</quote> he said. <quote>But it made us "
"perfectamente el chiste.</quote>"
#. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para>
-#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:4071
+#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:4076
msgid ""
"This sort of bold transparency delights the media, but more importantly, it "
"engages their fans. <quote>One of the most surprising things you can do in "
"haya transparencia en lo que hacemos</quote>."
#. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para>
-#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:4078
+#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:4083
msgid ""
"Max also likened it to a grand improv scene. <quote>If we do something a "
"little subversive and unexpected, the public wants to be a part of the joke."
"chiste más gracioso haciéndolo exitoso. Obtuvieron $70,000 en un sólo día."
#. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para>
-#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:4086
+#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:4091
msgid ""
"This remarkable trust they have in their customers is what inspired their "
"decision to apply a Creative Commons license to the game. Trusting your "
"CC, lo pagaría cien veces, porque los beneficios son muchísimos</quote>."
#. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para>
-#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:4099
+#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:4104
msgid ""
"Any successful product inspires its biggest fans to create remixes of it, "
"but unsanctioned adaptations are more likely to fly under the radar. The "
"del juego creadas por los seguidores."
#. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para>
-#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:4107
+#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:4112
msgid ""
"Max said, <quote>CC was a no-brainer for us because it gets the most people "
"involved. Making the game free and available under a CC license led to the "
"gastado un décimo en la comercialización</quote>."
#. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para>
-#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:4114
+#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:4119
msgid ""
"Of course, there are limits to what the company allows its customers to do "
"with the game. They chose the Attribution-NonCommercial-ShareAlike license "
"habido un puñado de casos en los que involucraron a un abogado."
#. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para>
-#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:4128
+#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:4133
msgid ""
"Just as there is more than meets the eye to the Cards Against Humanity "
"business model, the same can be said of the game itself. To be playable, "
"quote>."
#. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para>
-#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:4139
+#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:4144
msgid ""
"That means cocreation with their fans really doesn’t work. The company has a "
"submission mechanism on their website, and they get thousands of "
"publicado, una vez que la gente crea sus propias adaptaciones del juego."
#. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para>
-#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:4150
+#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:4155
msgid ""
"For all of their success, the creators of Cards Against Humanity are only "
"partially motivated by money. Max says they have always been interested in "
"poder hacer más chistes y juegos</quote>, dice."
#. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para>
-#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:4157
+#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:4162
msgid ""
"In fact, the company has given more than $4 million to various charities and "
"causes. <quote>Cards is not our life plan,</quote> Max said. <quote>We all "
"algo de la emoción del juego hacia ellas</quote>."
#. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para>
-#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:4166
+#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:4171
msgid ""
"Seeing money as fuel rather than the ultimate goal is what has enabled them "
"to embrace Creative Commons licensing without reservation. CC licensing "
"obtener más dinero de los clientes."
#. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para>
-#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:4173
+#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:4178
msgid ""
"<quote>It’s not right for everyone to release everything under CC licensing,"
"</quote> Max said. <quote>If your only goal is to make a lot of money, then "
"sus valores, hacia quién es usted, y por qué está haciendo las cosas</quote>."
#. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><title>
-#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:4181
+#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:4186
msgid "The Conversation"
msgstr "The Conversation (La conversación)"
#. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><blockquote><para>
-#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:4184
+#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:4189
msgid ""
"The Conversation is an independent source of news, sourced from the academic "
"and research community and delivered direct to the public over the Internet. "
"través de Internet. Fundado en el 2011 en Australia."
#. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><blockquote><para>
-#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:4189
+#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:4194
msgid "<ulink url=\"http://theconversation.com\"/>"
msgstr "<ulink url=\"http://theconversation.com\"/>"
#. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><blockquote><para>
-#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:4191
+#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:4196
msgid ""
"<emphasis role=\"strong\">Revenue model</emphasis>: charging content "
"creators (universities pay membership fees to have their faculties serve as "
"tener a sus profesores como escritores), donaciones"
#. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><blockquote><para>
-#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:4198
+#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:4203
msgid ""
"<emphasis role=\"strong\">Interviewee</emphasis>: Andrew Jaspan, founder"
msgstr ""
"<emphasis role=\"strong\">Entrevistado</emphasis>: Andrew Jaspan, fundador"
#. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para>
-#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:4206
+#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:4211
msgid ""
"Andrew Jaspan spent years as an editor of major newspapers including the "
"Observer in London, the Sunday Herald in Glasgow, and the Age in Melbourne, "
"realizó un compromiso de regresar con un modelo alternativo."
#. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para>
-#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:4216
+#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:4221
msgid ""
"Around the time he left his job as editor of the Melbourne Age, Andrew "
"wondered where citizens would get news grounded in fact and evidence rather "
"sexy."
#. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para>
-#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:4223
+#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:4228
msgid ""
"While at the Age, he’d become friends with a vice-chancellor of a university "
"in Melbourne who encouraged him to talk to smart people across campus—an "
"público pero no tan bueno al exhibir su experiencia ante amplias audiencias."
#. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para>
-#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:4244
+#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:4249
msgid ""
"Andrew believed he could to help connect academics back into the public "
"arena, and maybe help society find solutions to big problems. He thought "
"escribiendo lo que ellos quieran."
#. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para>
-#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:4257
+#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:4262
msgid ""
"The people he spoke to liked this idea, and Andrew embarked on raising money "
"and support with the help of the Commonwealth Scientific and Industrial "
"licenciado con Creative Commons."
#. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para>
-#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:4270
+#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:4275
msgid ""
"The Conversation is founded on the belief that underpinning a functioning "
"democracy is access to independent, high-quality, informative journalism. "
"fidedigna de información basada en evidencia."
#. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para><footnote><para>
-#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:4283
+#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:4288
msgid "<ulink url=\"http://theconversation.com/us/charter\"/>"
msgstr "<ulink url=\"http://theconversation.com/us/charter\"/>"
#. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para>
-#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:4281
+#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:4286
msgid ""
"Andrew worked hard to reinvent a methodology for creating reliable, credible "
"content. He introduced strict new working practices, a charter, and codes of "
"contenido y poder compartirlo o republicarlo."
#. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para>
-#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:4296
+#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:4301
msgid ""
"Creative Commons help with these goals; articles are published with the "
"Attribution- NoDerivs license (CC BY-ND). They’re freely available for "
"que hace The Conversation."
#. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para>
-#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:4308
+#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:4313
msgid ""
"When readers come across the Conversation, they seem to like what they find "
"and recommend it to their friends, peers, and networks. Readership has "
"través de ser un proveedor acreditado para el feed de Noticias de Google."
#. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para>
-#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:4316
+#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:4321
msgid ""
"It’s usual for the founders of any company to ask themselves what kind of "
"company it should be. It quickly became clear to the founders of the "
"no recibe ningún anuncio y es una empresa sin ánimo de lucro."
#. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para>
-#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:4325
+#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:4330
msgid ""
"There are now different editions of the Conversation for Africa, the United "
"Kingdom, France, and the United States, in addition to the one for "
"del mundo."
#. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para>
-#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:4335
+#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:4340
msgid ""
"Additionally, each edition has its own set of founding partners, strategic "
"partners, and funders. They’ve received funding from foundations, "
"y las características distintivas del servicio."
#. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para>
-#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:4344
+#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:4349
msgid ""
"When professors from member universities write an article, there is some "
"branding of the university associated with the article. On the Conversation "
"consejo editorial asesor."
#. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para>
-#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:4352
+#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:4357
msgid ""
"Academics are not paid for their contributions, but they get free editing "
"from a professional (four to five hours per piece, on average). They also "
"dónde se está republicando el artículo y el número de lecturas por artículo."
#. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para>
-#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:4362
+#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:4367
msgid ""
"The Conversation plans to expand the dashboard to show not just reach but "
"impact. This tracks activities, behaviors, and events that occurred as a "
"consulta de una empresa sobre un tema."
#. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para>
-#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:4370
+#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:4375
msgid ""
"These reach and impact metrics show the benefits of membership. With the "
"Conversation, universities can engage with the public and show why they’re "
"y moestrar por qué son de valor."
#. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para>
-#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:4375
+#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:4380
msgid ""
"With its tagline, <quote>Academic Rigor, Journalistic Flair,</quote> the "
"Conversation represents a new form of journalism that contributes to a more "
"operar al mismo tiempo."
#. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><title>
-#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:4384
+#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:4389
msgid "Cory Doctorow"
msgstr "Cory Doctorow"
#. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><blockquote><para>
-#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:4387
+#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:4392
msgid ""
"Cory Doctorow is a science fiction writer, activist, blogger, and "
"journalist. Based in the U.S."
"periodista. Vive en los Estados Unidos."
#. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><blockquote><para>
-#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:4390
+#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:4395
msgid ""
"<ulink url=\"http://craphound.com\"/> and <ulink url=\"http://boingboing.net"
"\"/>"
"\"/>"
#. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><blockquote><para>
-#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:4393
+#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:4398
msgid ""
"<emphasis role=\"strong\">Revenue model</emphasis>: charging for physical "
"copies (book sales), pay-what-you-want, selling translation rights to books"
"traducción de los libros"
#. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><blockquote><para>
-#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:4397
+#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:4402
msgid "<emphasis role=\"strong\">Interview date</emphasis>: January 12, 2016"
msgstr ""
"<emphasis role=\"strong\">Fecha de la entrevista</emphasis>: 12 de enero, "
"2016"
#. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para>
-#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:4405
+#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:4410
msgid ""
"Cory Doctorow hates the term <quote>business model,</quote> and he is "
"adamant that he is not a brand. <quote>To me, branding is the idea that you "
"importante que sé cómo hacer</quote>."
#. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para>
-#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:4414
+#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:4419
msgid ""
"Cory calls himself an entrepreneur. He likes to say his success came from "
"making stuff people happened to like and then getting out of the way of them "
"camino para que ellos lo compartieran."
#. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para>
-#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:4419
+#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:4424
msgid ""
"He is a science fiction writer, activist, blogger, and journalist. "
"Beginning with his first novel, Down and Out in the Magic Kingdom, in 2003, "
"que los creadores pueden ganarse la vida en la era de Internet."
#. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para>
-#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:4430
+#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:4435
msgid ""
"Cory primarily makes money by selling physical books, but he also takes on "
"paid speaking gigs and is experimenting with pay-what-you-want models for "
"modelos de pague-lo-que-quiera para su trabajo."
#. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para>
-#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:4435
+#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:4440
msgid ""
"While Cory’s extensive body of fiction work has a large following, he is "
"just as well known for his activism. He is an outspoken opponent of "
"la cualidad que hace que lo que hago le guste a la gente</quote>."
#. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para>
-#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:4452
+#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:4457
msgid ""
"Cory has been financially successful, but money is not his primary "
"motivation. At the start of his book Information Doesn’t Want to Be Free, he "
"escribiendo para mantenerme cuerdo</quote>."
#. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para>
-#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:4466
+#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:4471
msgid ""
"Just as money is not his primary motivation to create, money is not his "
"primary motivation to share. For Cory, sharing his work with Creative "
"licencias CC simboliza su visión del mundo."
#. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para>
-#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:4476
+#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:4481
msgid ""
"He also feels like there is a solid commercial basis for licensing his work "
"with Creative Commons. While he acknowledges he hasn’t been able to do a "
"su trabajo. <quote>Empecé por no llamarlos ladrones</quote>, dice."
#. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para>
-#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:4486
+#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:4491
msgid ""
"Cory started using CC licenses soon after they were first created. At the "
"time his first novel came out, he says the science fiction genre was overrun "
"un formato destinado a difundirlo</quote>."
#. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para>
-#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:4499
+#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:4504
msgid ""
"Cory admits the stakes were pretty low for him when he first adopted "
"Creative Commons licenses. He only had to sell two thousand copies of his "
"establecido."
#. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para>
-#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:4507
+#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:4512
msgid ""
"The bottom line, Cory says, is that no one has found a way to prevent people "
"from copying the stuff they like. Rather than fighting the tide, Cory makes "
"no lo hace</quote>, dice."
#. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para>
-#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:4515
+#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:4520
msgid ""
"Making his work available under Creative Commons licenses enables him to "
"view his biggest fans as his ambassadors. <quote>Being open to fan activity "
"de modo que tengo que tomar toda la ayuda que pueda obtener</quote>."
#. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para>
-#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:4530
+#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:4535
msgid ""
"His first book was published under the most restrictive Creative Commons "
"license, Attribution-NonCommercial-NoDerivs (CC BY-NC-ND). It allows only "
"disponibles de manera gratuita."
#. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para>
-#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:4545
+#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:4550
msgid ""
"In his book Information Doesn’t Want to Be Free, Cory likens his philosophy "
"to thinking like a dandelion. Dandelions produce thousands of seeds each "
"no me cuestan nada y me presentan la posibilidad de obtener algo</quote>."
#. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para>
-#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:4560
+#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:4565
msgid ""
"Applying a CC license to his work increases the chances it will be shared "
"more widely around the Web. He avoids DRM—and openly opposes the practice—"
"beneficio</quote>."
#. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para>
-#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:4571
+#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:4576
msgid ""
"Cory operates under the premise that artists benefit when there are more, "
"rather than fewer, places where people can access their work. The Internet "
"grandes plataformas que tratarán de tomar control sobre su trabajo."
#. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para>
-#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:4582
+#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:4587
msgid ""
"Cory says his e-book sales have been lower than those of his competitors, "
"and he attributes some of that to the CC license making the work available "
"experimento de pague-lo-que-quiera."
#. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para>
-#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:4593
+#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:4598
msgid ""
"Fans are particularly willing to pay when they feel personally connected to "
"the artist. Cory works hard to create that personal connection. One way he "
"gente que ha sido tocada por tu trabajo</quote>."
#. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para>
-#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:4605
+#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:4610
msgid ""
"Cory’s realism about the difficulty of making a living in the arts does not "
"reflect pessimism about the Internet age. Instead, he says the fact that it "
"quote>."
#. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para>
-#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:4613
+#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:4618
msgid "It has never been easier to think like a dandelion."
msgstr "Nunca ha sido más fácil pensar como un diente de león."
#. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><title>
-#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:4617
+#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:4622
msgid "Figshare"
msgstr "Figshare"
#. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><blockquote><para>
-#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:4620
+#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:4625
msgid ""
"Figshare is a for-profit company offering an online repository where "
"researchers can preserve and share the output of their research, including "
"videos. Fundado en el año 2011 en Gran Bretaña."
#. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><blockquote><para>
-#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:4626
+#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:4631
msgid "<ulink url=\"http://figshare.com\"/>"
msgstr "<ulink url=\"http://figshare.com\"/>"
#. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><blockquote><para>
-#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:4628
+#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:4633
msgid ""
"<emphasis role=\"strong\">Revenue model</emphasis>: platform providing paid "
"services to creators"
"provee servicios pagos a los creadores"
#. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><blockquote><para>
-#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:4631
+#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:4636
msgid "<emphasis role=\"strong\">Interview date</emphasis>: January 28, 2016"
msgstr ""
"<emphasis role=\"strong\">Fecha de la entrevista</emphasis>: 28 de enero, "
"2016"
#. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><blockquote><para>
-#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:4634
+#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:4639
msgid "<emphasis role=\"strong\">Interviewee</emphasis>: Mark Hahnel, founder"
msgstr ""
"<emphasis role=\"strong\">Entrevistado</emphasis>: Mark Hahnel, fundador"
#. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para>
-#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:4642
+#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:4647
msgid ""
"Figshare’s mission is to change the face of academic publishing through "
"improved dissemination, discoverability, and reusability of scholarly "
"forma tal que el modelo actual de publicación académica no permite."
#. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para>
-#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:4653
+#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:4658
msgid ""
"Figshare founder Mark Hahnel often gets asked: How do you make money? How do "
"we know you’ll be here in five years? Can you, as a for-profit venture, be "
"tiempo."
#. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para>
-#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:4658
+#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:4663
msgid ""
"Mark traces the origins of Figshare back to when he was a graduate student "
"getting his PhD in stem cell biology. His research involved working with "
"sería mejor para su carrera."
#. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para>
-#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:4667
+#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:4672
msgid ""
"Mark does not consider himself an advanced software programmer. "
"Fortunately, things like cloud-based computing and wikis had become "
"cualquiera. Así que empezó a trabajar en una solución."
#. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para>
-#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:4674
+#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:4679
msgid ""
"There were two key needs: licenses to make the data citable, and persistent "
"identifiers— URL links that always point back to the original object "
"un período largo."
#. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para>
-#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:4680
+#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:4685
msgid ""
"Mark chose Digital Object Identifiers (DOIs) to meet the need for a "
"persistent identifier. In the DOI system, an object’s metadata is stored as "
"de DOIs para datos de investigación."
#. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para>
-#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:4689
+#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:4694
msgid ""
"As for licenses, Mark chose Creative Commons. The open-access and open-"
"science communities were already using and recommending Creative Commons. "
"CC BY (Atribución) para figuras, videos y conjuntos de datos."
#. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para>
-#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:4697
+#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:4702
msgid ""
"So Mark began using DOIs and Creative Commons for his own research work. He "
"had a science blog where he wrote about it and made all his data open. "
"ellos también lo utilizaran."
#. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para>
-#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:4703
+#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:4708
msgid ""
"People liked the interface and simple upload process. People started asking "
"if they could also share theses, grant proposals, and code. Inclusion of "
"utilizadas."
#. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para>
-#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:4711
+#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:4716
msgid ""
"Mark sought investment to make this into a scalable product. After a few "
"unsuccessful funding pitches, UK-based Digital Science expressed interest "
"modelo de negocios del tipo freemium."
#. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para>
-#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:4718
+#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:4723
msgid ""
"Under the freemium model, academics upload their research to Figshare for "
"storage and sharing for free. Each research object is licensed with Creative "
"aseguramos de que persista</quote>."
#. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para>
-#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:4730
+#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:4735
msgid ""
"In January 2012, Figshare was launched. (The fig in Figshare stands for "
"figures.) Using investment funds, Mark made significant improvements to "
"proveyera esa funcionalidad."
#. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para>
-#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:4740
+#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:4745
+#, fuzzy
+#| msgid ""
+#| "Figshare diversified its business model to include services for journals. "
+#| "Figshare began hosting large amounts of data for the journals’ online "
+#| "articles. This additional data improved the quality of the articles. "
+#| "Outsourcing this service to Figshare freed publishers from having to "
+#| "develop this functionality as part of their own infrastructure. Figshare-"
+#| "hosted data also provides a link back to the article, generating "
+#| "additional click-through and readership—a benefit to both journal "
+#| "publishers and researchers. Figshare now provides research-data "
+#| "infrastructure for a wide variety of publishers including Wiley, Springer "
+#| "Nature, PLOS, and Taylor and Francis, to name a few, and has convinced "
+#| "them to use Creative Commons licenses for the data."
msgid ""
"Figshare diversified its business model to include services for journals. "
"Figshare began hosting large amounts of data for the journals’ online "
"this functionality as part of their own infrastructure. Figshare-hosted data "
"also provides a link back to the article, generating additional click-"
"through and readership—a benefit to both journal publishers and "
-"researchers. Figshare now provides research-data infrastructure for a wide "
-"variety of publishers including Wiley, Springer Nature, PLOS, and Taylor and "
-"Francis, to name a few, and has convinced them to use Creative Commons "
-"licenses for the data."
+"researchers. Figshare now provides"
msgstr ""
"Figshare diversificó su modelo de negocios para incluir servicios para "
"revistas. Figshare empezó a hospedar grandes cantidades de datos para los "
"para los datos."
#. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para>
-#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:4754
+#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:4756
+msgid ""
+"research-data infrastructure for a wide variety of publishers including "
+"Wiley, Springer Nature, PLOS, and Taylor and Francis, to name a few, and has "
+"convinced them to use Creative Commons licenses for the data."
+msgstr ""
+
+#. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para>
+#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:4762
msgid ""
"Governments allocate significant public funds to research. In parallel with "
"the launch of Figshare, governments around the world began requesting the "
"negocios, agregando servicios para instituciones."
#. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para>
-#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:4764
+#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:4772
msgid ""
"Figshare now offers a range of fee-based services to institutions, including "
"their own minibranded Figshare space (called Figshare for Institutions) that "
"bibliotecarias y administradoras, tanto como investigadoras."
#. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para>
-#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:4774
+#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:4782
msgid ""
"As with researchers and publishers, Fig-share encouraged institutions to "
"share their research with CC BY (Attribution) and their data with CC0 (into "
"(Atribución-SinDerivados)."
#. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para>
-#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:4787
+#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:4795
msgid ""
"For Mark this created a conflict. On the one hand, the principles and "
"benefits of open science are at the heart of Figshare, and Mark believes CC "
"el ejemplo."
#. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para>
-#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:4797
+#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:4805
msgid ""
"Mark is thinking of doing a Figshare study that tracks research "
"dissemination according to Creative Commons license, and gathering metrics "
"instituciones la harán su licencia de elección."
#. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para><footnote><para>
-#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:4810
+#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:4818
msgid ""
"<ulink url=\"http://figshare.com/articles/"
"Journal_subscription_costs_FOIs_to_UK_universities/1186832\"/>"
"Journal_subscription_costs_FOIs_to_UK_universities/1186832\"/>"
#. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para><footnote><para>
-#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:4813
+#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:4821
msgid ""
"<ulink url=\"http://retr0.shinyapps.io/journal_costs/?year=2014&"
"inst=19,22,38,42,59,64,80,95,136\"/>"
"inst=19,22,38,42,59,64,80,95,136\"/>"
#. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para>
-#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:4805
+#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:4813
msgid ""
"Figshare has an Application Programming Interface (API) that makes it "
"possible for data to be pulled from Figshare and used in other applications. "
"id=\"1\"/>"
#. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para>
-#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:4816
+#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:4824
msgid ""
"The free version of Figshare has built a community of academics, who through "
"word of mouth and presentations have promoted and spread awareness of "
"Creative Commons."
#. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para><footnote><para>
-#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:4831
+#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:4839
msgid "<ulink url=\"http://figshare.com/features\"/>"
msgstr "<ulink url=\"http://figshare.com/features\"/>"
#. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para>
-#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:4827
+#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:4835
msgid ""
"Mark says his success is partly about being in the right place at the right "
"time. He also believes that the diversification of Figshare’s model over "
"principales instituciones."
#. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para>
-#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:4838
+#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:4846
msgid ""
"Today Figshare has 26 million–plus page views, 7.5 million–plus downloads, "
"800,000–plus user uploads, 2 million–plus articles, 500,000-plus "
"y fuentes de noticias."
#. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para>
-#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:4846
+#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:4854
msgid ""
"Figshare uses the revenue it generates from the premium subscribers, journal "
"publishers, and institutions to fund and expand what it can offer to "
"permitiendo que las personas colaboren y hagan nuevos descubrimientos."
#. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><title>
-#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:4861
+#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:4869
msgid "Figure.NZ"
msgstr "Figure.NZ"
#. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><blockquote><para>
-#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:4864
+#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:4872
msgid ""
"Figure.NZ is a nonprofit charity that makes an online data platform designed "
"to make data reusable and easy to understand. Founded in 2012 in New "
"reusables y fáciles de entender. Fundada en 2012 en Nueva Zelanda."
#. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><blockquote><para>
-#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:4869
+#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:4877
msgid "<ulink url=\"http://figure.nz\"/>"
msgstr "<ulink url=\"http://figure.nz\"/>"
#. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><blockquote><para>
-#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:4871
+#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:4879
msgid ""
"<emphasis role=\"strong\">Revenue model</emphasis>: platform providing paid "
"services to creators, donations, sponsorships"
"proporciona servicios con costo a los creadores, donaciones, patrocinios"
#. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><blockquote><para>
-#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:4874
+#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:4882
msgid "<emphasis role=\"strong\">Interview date</emphasis>: May 3, 2016"
msgstr ""
"<emphasis role=\"strong\">Fecha de la entrevista</emphasis>: 3 de mayo, 2016"
#. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><blockquote><para>
-#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:4876
+#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:4884
msgid ""
"<emphasis role=\"strong\">Interviewee</emphasis>: Lillian Grace, founder"
msgstr ""
"<emphasis role=\"strong\">Entrevistada</emphasis> : Lillian Grace, fundadora"
#. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para><footnote><para>
-#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:4885
+#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:4893
msgid ""
"<ulink url=\"http://www.nzdatafutures.org.nz/sites/default/files/"
"NZDFF_harness-the-power.pdf\"/>"
"NZDFF_harness-the-power.pdf\"/>"
#. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para>
-#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:4884
+#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:4892
msgid ""
"In the paper Harnessing the Economic and Social Power of Data presented at "
"the New Zealand Data Futures Forum in 2014,<placeholder type=\"footnote\" id="
"específico en Nueva Zelanda."
#. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para>
-#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:4903
+#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:4911
msgid ""
"Lillian had the idea for Figure.NZ in February 2012 while working for the "
"New Zealand Institute, a think tank concerned with improving economic "
"pagar."
#. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para>
-#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:4914
+#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:4922
msgid ""
"Lillian began to imagine a website that lifted data up to a visual form that "
"could be easily understood and freely accessed. Initially launched as Wiki "
"aquellos que quisieran abrir su información y presentarla visualmente."
#. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para>
-#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:4928
+#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:4936
msgid ""
"Here’s how it works. Figure.NZ sources data from other organizations, "
"including corporations, public repositories, government departments, and "
"tanto den créditos a la fuente original y a Figure.NZ."
#. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para><footnote><para>
-#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:4954
+#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:4962
msgid ""
"<ulink url=\"http://www.ict.govt.nz/guidance-and-resources/open-government/"
"new-zealand-government-open-access-and-licensing-nzgoal-framework/\"/>"
"new-zealand-government-open-access-and-licensing-nzgoal-framework/\"/>"
#. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para>
-#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:4945
+#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:4953
msgid ""
"Lillian characterizes the initial decision to use Creative Commons as "
"naively fortunate. It was first recommended to her by a colleague. Lillian "
"muy bien con la decisión de Figure.NZ."
#. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para>
-#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:4961
+#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:4969
msgid ""
"Lillian thinks current ideas of what a business is are relatively new, only "
"a hundred years old or so. She’s convinced that twenty years from now, we "
"Figure.NZ. Las personas los ven como un luchador y fuente confiable."
#. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para>
-#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:4974
+#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:4982
msgid ""
"Although Figure.NZ is a social enterprise that openly licenses their data "
"and graphs for everyone to use for free, they have taken care not to be "
"cualquier organización se diferencien, se comercialicen y se creen una marca."
#. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para>
-#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:4993
+#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:5001
msgid ""
"Figure.NZ spends a lot of time seeking to understand the motivations of data "
"collectors and to identify the channels where it can provide value. Every "
"obtener valor de la información y los visuales."
#. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para>
-#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:4999
+#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:5007
msgid ""
"Figure.NZ has multiple lines of business. They provide commercial services "
"to organizations that want their data publicly available and want to use "
"los usuarios, para verdaderamente democratizar la información."
#. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para>
-#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:5015
+#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:5023
msgid ""
"Lillian notes that the current state of most data is terrible and often not "
"well understood by the people who have it. This sometimes makes it difficult "
"con hacer trabajo que nunca se había hecho antes."
#. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para><footnote><para>
-#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:5034
+#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:5042
msgid "<ulink url=\"http://figure.nz/business/\"/>"
msgstr "<ulink url=\"http://figure.nz/business/\"/>"
#. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para>
-#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:5029
+#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:5037
msgid ""
"A second line of business is what Figure.NZ calls partners. ASB Bank and "
"Statistics New Zealand are partners who back Figure.NZ’s efforts. As one "
"\"0\"/>"
#. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para><footnote><para>
-#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:5037
+#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:5045
msgid "<ulink url=\"http://figure.nz/patrons/\"/>"
msgstr "<ulink url=\"http://figure.nz/patrons/\"/>"
#. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para>
-#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:5037
+#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:5045
msgid ""
"Figure.NZ also has patrons.<placeholder type=\"footnote\" id=\"0\"/> Patrons "
"donate to topic areas they care about, directly enabling Figure.NZ to get "
"incluidos o excluidos."
#. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para>
-#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:5043
+#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:5051
msgid ""
"Figure.NZ also accepts philanthropic donations, which are used to provide "
"more content, extend technology, and improve services, or are targeted to "
"de impuestos."
#. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para>
-#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:5049
+#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:5057
msgid ""
"Figure.NZ has morphed and grown over time. With data aggregation, curation, "
"and visualizing services all in-house, Figure.NZ has developed a deep "
"construyendo relaciones externas."
#. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para>
-#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:5061
+#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:5069
msgid ""
"Figure.NZ’s website displays visuals and data associated with a wide range "
"of categories including crime, economy, education, employment, energy, "
"experiencias intuitivas, no manuales de usuarios."
#. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para>
-#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:5071
+#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:5079
msgid ""
"Figure.NZ believes data and visuals should be useful. They provide their "
"customers with a data collection template and teach them why it’s important "
"accede, e interpreta los datos de los tópicos en los que están interesados."
#. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para>
-#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:5085
+#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:5093
+#, fuzzy
+#| msgid ""
+#| "Lillian has a deep and profound vision for Figure.NZ that goes well "
+#| "beyond simply providing open-data services. She says things are different "
+#| "now. “We used to live in a world where it was really hard to share "
+#| "information widely. And in that world, the best future was created by "
+#| "having a few great leaders who essentially had access to the information "
+#| "and made decisions on behalf of others, whether it was on behalf of a "
+#| "country or companies."
msgid ""
"Lillian has a deep and profound vision for Figure.NZ that goes well beyond "
-"simply providing open-data services. She says things are different now. “We "
+"simply providing open-data services. She says things are different now. \"We "
"used to live in a world where it was really hard to share information "
"widely. And in that world, the best future was created by having a few great "
"leaders who essentially had access to the information and made decisions on "
"en nombre de otros, ya fuera en nombre de un país o de empresas</quote>."
#. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para>
-#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:5094
+#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:5103
+#, fuzzy
+#| msgid ""
+#| "“But now we live in a world where it’s really easy to share information "
+#| "widely and also to communicate widely. In the world we live in now, the "
+#| "best future is the one where everyone can make well-informed decisions."
msgid ""
-"“But now we live in a world where it’s really easy to share information "
+"\"But now we live in a world where it’s really easy to share information "
"widely and also to communicate widely. In the world we live in now, the best "
"future is the one where everyone can make well-informed decisions."
msgstr ""
"decisiones bien informadas</quote>."
#. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para>
-#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:5100
+#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:5109
+#, fuzzy
+#| msgid ""
+#| "“The use of numbers and data as a way of making well-informed decisions "
+#| "is one of the areas where there is the biggest gaps. We don’t really use "
+#| "numbers as a part of our thinking and part of our understanding yet."
msgid ""
-"“The use of numbers and data as a way of making well-informed decisions is "
+"\"The use of numbers and data as a way of making well-informed decisions is "
"one of the areas where there is the biggest gaps. We don’t really use "
"numbers as a part of our thinking and part of our understanding yet."
msgstr ""
"entendiemiento aún</quote>."
#. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para>
-#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:5106
-msgid ""
-"“Part of the reason is the way data is spread across hundreds of sites. In "
+#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:5115
+#, fuzzy
+#| msgid ""
+#| "“Part of the reason is the way data is spread across hundreds of sites. "
+#| "In addition, for the most part, deep thinking based on data is "
+#| "constrained to experts because most people don’t have data literacy. "
+#| "There once was a time when many citizens in society couldn’t read or "
+#| "write. However, as a society, we’ve now come to believe that reading and "
+#| "writing skills should be something all citizens have. We haven’t yet "
+#| "adopted a similar belief around numbers and data literacy. We largely "
+#| "still believe that only a few specially trained people can analyze and "
+#| "think with numbers."
+msgid ""
+"\"Part of the reason is the way data is spread across hundreds of sites. In "
"addition, for the most part, deep thinking based on data is constrained to "
"experts because most people don’t have data literacy. There once was a time "
"when many citizens in society couldn’t read or write. However, as a society, "
"con entrenamiento especializado puede analizar y pensar con números</quote>."
#. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para>
-#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:5117
+#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:5126
+#, fuzzy
+#| msgid ""
+#| "“Figure.NZ may be the first organization to assert that everyone can use "
+#| "numbers in their thinking, and it’s built a technological platform along "
+#| "with trust and a network of relationships to make that possible. What you "
+#| "can see on Figure.NZ are tens of thousands of graphs, maps, and data."
msgid ""
-"“Figure.NZ may be the first organization to assert that everyone can use "
+"\"Figure.NZ may be the first organization to assert that everyone can use "
"numbers in their thinking, and it’s built a technological platform along "
"with trust and a network of relationships to make that possible. What you "
"can see on Figure.NZ are tens of thousands of graphs, maps, and data."
"gráficos, mapas y datos</quote>."
#. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para>
-#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:5124
+#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:5133
msgid ""
"<quote>Figure.NZ sees this as a new kind of alphabet that can help people "
"analyze what they see around them. A way to be thoughtful and informed about "
"el futuro.</quote>"
#. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para>
-#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:5133
+#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:5142
+#, fuzzy
+#| msgid ""
+#| "Lillian sees Figure.NZ’s model as having global potential. But for now, "
+#| "their focus is completely on making Figure.NZ work in New Zealand and to "
+#| "get the <quote>network effect</quote>— users dramatically increasing "
+#| "value for themselves and for others through use of their service. "
+#| "Creative Commons is core to making the network effect possible."
msgid ""
"Lillian sees Figure.NZ’s model as having global potential. But for now, "
"their focus is completely on making Figure.NZ work in New Zealand and to get "
-"the <quote>network effect</quote>— users dramatically increasing value for "
-"themselves and for others through use of their service. Creative Commons is "
-"core to making the network effect possible."
+"the <quote>network effect</quote>—"
+msgstr ""
+"Lillian piensa que el modelo de Figure.NZ tiene potencial global. Pero por "
+"ahora, su enfoque esta completamente abocado en lograr que Figure.NZ "
+"funcione en Nueva Zelanda y en conseguir el <quote>efecto red</quote>—"
+"usuarios incrementando dramáticamente el valor para ellos mismos y para "
+"otros a través del uso de sus servicios. Creative Commons es fundamental "
+"para hacer que el efecto red sea posible."
+
+#. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para>
+#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:5147
+#, fuzzy
+#| msgid ""
+#| "Lillian sees Figure.NZ’s model as having global potential. But for now, "
+#| "their focus is completely on making Figure.NZ work in New Zealand and to "
+#| "get the <quote>network effect</quote>— users dramatically increasing "
+#| "value for themselves and for others through use of their service. "
+#| "Creative Commons is core to making the network effect possible."
+msgid ""
+"users dramatically increasing value for themselves and for others through "
+"use of their service. Creative Commons is core to making the network effect "
+"possible."
msgstr ""
"Lillian piensa que el modelo de Figure.NZ tiene potencial global. Pero por "
"ahora, su enfoque esta completamente abocado en lograr que Figure.NZ "
"para hacer que el efecto red sea posible."
#. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><title>
-#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:5142
+#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:5153
msgid "Knowledge Unlatched"
msgstr "Knowledge Unlatched"
#. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><blockquote><para>
-#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:5145
+#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:5156
msgid ""
"Knowledge Unlatched is a not-for-profit community interest company that "
"brings libraries together to pool funds to publish open-access books. "
"acceso abierto. Fundada en 2012 en el Reino Unido."
#. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><blockquote><para>
-#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:5150
+#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:5161
msgid "<ulink url=\"http://knowledgeunlatched.org\"/>"
msgstr "<ulink url=\"http://knowledgeunlatched.org\"/>"
#. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><blockquote><para>
-#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:5152
+#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:5163
msgid ""
"<emphasis role=\"strong\">Revenue model</emphasis>: crowdfunding "
"(specialized)"
"comunitario (especializado)"
#. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><blockquote><para>
-#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:5155
+#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:5166
msgid "<emphasis role=\"strong\">Interview date</emphasis>: February 26, 2016"
msgstr ""
"<emphasis role=\"strong\">Fecha de la entrevista</emphasis>: 26 de febrero, "
"2016"
#. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><blockquote><para>
-#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:5158
+#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:5169
msgid ""
"<emphasis role=\"strong\">Interviewee</emphasis>: Frances Pinter, founder"
msgstr ""
"<emphasis role=\"strong\">Entrevistado</emphasis>: Frances Pinter, fundador"
#. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para>
-#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:5166
+#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:5177
msgid ""
"The serial entrepreneur Dr. Frances Pinter has been at the forefront of "
"innovation in the publishing industry for nearly forty years. She founded "
"innovación en educación en 2015."
#. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para>
-#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:5182
+#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:5193
msgid ""
"Dr. Pinter has been in academic publishing most of her career. About ten "
"years ago, she became acquainted with the Creative Commons founder Lawrence "
"libremente entre los usuarios."
#. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para>
-#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:5189
+#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:5200
msgid ""
"Not long after, she ran a project in Africa convincing publishers in Uganda "
"and South Africa to put some of their content online for free using a "
"impresos. La ventas subieron, no bajaron."
#. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para>
-#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:5195
+#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:5206
msgid ""
"In 2008, Bloomsbury Academic, a new imprint of Bloomsbury Publishing in the "
"United Kingdom, appointed her its founding publisher in London. As part of "
"para el formato impreso."
#. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para>
-#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:5212
+#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:5223
msgid ""
"Frances began to look at customer interest in the three forms of the book: "
"1) the Creative Commons–licensed free online book in PDF form, 2) the "
"la cobertura del helado."
#. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para>
-#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:5221
+#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:5232
msgid ""
"After a while, Frances had an epiphany—what if there was a way to get "
"libraries to underwrite the costs of making these books up until they’re "
"modelo."
#. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para>
-#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:5230
+#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:5241
msgid ""
"This idea is similar to the article-processing charge some open-access "
"journals charge researchers to cover publishing costs. Frances began to "
"Commons."
#. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para>
-#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:5238
+#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:5249
msgid ""
"This idea really took hold in her mind. She didn’t really have a name for it "
"but began talking about it and making presentations to see if there was "
"RU para las empresas sociales sin ánimo de lucro) en 2012."
#. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para>
-#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:5249
+#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:5260
msgid ""
"She describes the business model in a paper called Knowledge Unlatched: "
"Toward an Open and Networked Future for Academic Publishing:"
"Toward an Open and Networked Future for Acedemic Publishing:"
#. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><orderedlist><listitem><para>
-#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:5256
+#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:5267
msgid ""
"Publishers offer titles for sale reflecting origination costs only via "
"Knowledge Unlatched."
"generación sólo a través de Knowledge Unlatched."
#. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><orderedlist><listitem><para>
-#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:5262
+#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:5273
msgid ""
"Individual libraries select titles either as individual titles or as "
"collections (as they do from library suppliers now)."
"colecciones (como lo hacen con los proveedores de bibliotecas ahora)."
#. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><orderedlist><listitem><para>
-#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:5268
+#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:5279
msgid ""
"Their selections are sent to Knowledge Unlatched specifying the titles to be "
"purchased at the stated price(s)."
"que serán comprados y los precios establecidos."
#. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><orderedlist><listitem><para>
-#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:5274
+#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:5285
msgid ""
"The price, called a Title Fee (set by publishers and negotiated by Knowledge "
"Unlatched), is paid to publishers to cover the fixed costs of publishing "
"mínimo de bibliotecas para cubrir la Cuota por Título."
#. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><orderedlist><listitem><para>
-#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:5283
+#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:5294
msgid ""
"Publishers make the selected titles available Open Access (on a Creative "
"Commons or similar open license) and are then paid the Title Fee which is "
"bibliotecas."
#. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><orderedlist><listitem><para><footnote><para>
-#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:5293
+#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:5304
msgid "<ulink url=\"http://www.pinter.org.uk/pdfs/Toward_an_Open.pdf\"/>"
msgstr "<ulink url=\"http://www.pinter.org.uk/pdfs/Toward_an_Open.pdf\"/>"
#. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><orderedlist><listitem><para>
-#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:5290
+#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:5301
msgid ""
"Publishers make print copies, e-Pub, and other digital versions of selected "
"titles available to member libraries at a discount that reflects their "
"\"0\"/>"
#. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para>
-#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:5298
+#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:5309
msgid ""
"The first round of this model resulted in a collection of twenty-eight "
"current titles from thirteen recognized scholarly publishers being "
"bajo hasta cuarenta y tres dolares."
#. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para><footnote><para>
-#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:5309
+#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:5320
msgid ""
"<ulink url=\"http://collections.knowledgeunlatched.org/collection-"
"availability-1/\"/>"
"availability-1/\"/>"
#. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para>
-#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:5308
+#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:5319
msgid ""
"The open-access, Creative Commons versions of these twenty-eight books are "
"still available online.<placeholder type=\"footnote\" id=\"0\"/> Most books "
"de las copias físicas."
#. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para>
-#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:5319
+#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:5330
msgid ""
"There are three cost variables to consider for each round: the overall cost "
"incurred by the publishers, total cost for each library to acquire all the "
"la orden y el precio por libro baja para cada biblioteca."
#. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para>
-#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:5331
+#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:5342
msgid ""
"The second round, recently completed, unlatched seventy-eight books from "
"twenty-six publishers. For this round, Frances was experimenting with the "
"finalmente, desbloquearlos."
#. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para>
-#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:5346
+#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:5357
msgid ""
"The longest part of the whole process is getting libraries to pledge and "
"commit funds. It takes about five months, as library buy-in has to fit "
"ciclos de presupuestos, y las juntas del directorio de las bibliotecas."
#. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para>
-#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:5352
+#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:5363
msgid ""
"Knowledge Unlatched informs and recruits libraries through social media, "
"mailing lists, listservs, and library associations. Of the three hundred "
"bibliotecarios, que ha involucrado a más bibliotecas."
#. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para>
-#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:5362
+#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:5373
msgid ""
"Knowledge Unlatched is scaling up, offering 150 new titles in the second "
"half of 2016. It will also offer backlist titles, and in 2017 will start to "
"comenzará a hacer revistas especializadas de acceso libre también."
#. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para>
-#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:5367
+#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:5378
msgid ""
"Knowledge Unlatched deliberately chose monographs as the initial type of "
"book to unlatch. Monographs are foundational and important, but also "
"estandar cerrado."
#. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para>
-#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:5373
+#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:5384
msgid ""
"The cost for the publisher to get to a first digital copy of a monograph is "
"$5,000 to $50,000. A good one costs in the $10,000 to $15,000 range. "
"tomó únicamente un mes reunir veintiséis."
#. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para><footnote><para>
-#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:5390
+#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:5401
msgid ""
"<ulink url=\"http://www.knowledgeunlatched.org/featured-authors-section/\"/>"
msgstr ""
"<ulink url=\"http://www.knowledgeunlatched.org/featured-authors-section/\"/>"
#. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para>
-#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:5383
+#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:5394
msgid ""
"Authors don’t generally make a lot of royalties from monographs. Royalties "
"range from zero dollars to 5 to 10 percent of receipts. The value to the "
"tomar parte de ello.)<placeholder type=\"footnote\" id=\"0\"/>"
#. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para>
-#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:5393
+#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:5404
msgid ""
"Library budgets are constantly being squeezed, partly due to the inflation "
"of journal subscriptions. But even without budget constraints, academic "
"hacen, lo compran de manera separada de la versión digital."
#. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para>
-#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:5404
+#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:5415
msgid ""
"Knowledge Unlatched offers libraries a compelling economic argument. Many of "
"the participating libraries would have bought a copy of the monograph "
"bibliotecas participantes, sino al mundo."
#. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para>
-#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:5412
+#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:5423
msgid ""
"Not only do the economics make sense, but there is very strong alignment "
"with library mandates. The participating libraries pay less than they would "
"han sido descargados cerca de ochenta mil veces en 175 países."
#. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para>
-#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:5425
+#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:5436
msgid ""
"For publishers, authors, and librarians, the Knowledge Unlatched model for "
"monographs is a win-win-win."
"Unlatched para monografías es un ganar-ganar-ganar."
#. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para>
-#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:5429
+#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:5440
msgid ""
"In the first round, Knowledge Unlatched’s overheads were covered by grants. "
"In the second round, they aim to demonstrate the model is sustainable. "
"y libros antiguos."
#. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para>
-#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:5440
+#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:5451
msgid ""
"Frances believes that Knowledge Unlatched is tapping into new ways of "
"valuing academic content. It’s about considering how many people can find, "
"al pasado pero moviendose al futuro, una evolución en vez de una revolución."
#. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><title>
-#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:5452
+#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:5463
msgid "Lumen Learning"
msgstr "Lumen Learning"
#. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><blockquote><para>
-#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:5455
+#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:5466
msgid ""
"Lumen Learning is a for-profit company helping educational institutions use "
"open educational resources (OER). Founded in 2013 in the U.S."
"los E.U.A."
#. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><blockquote><para>
-#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:5460
+#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:5471
msgid "<ulink url=\"http://lumenlearning.com\"/>"
msgstr "<ulink url=\"http://lumenlearning.com\"/>"
#. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><blockquote><para>
-#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:5462
+#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:5473
msgid ""
"<emphasis role=\"strong\">Revenue model</emphasis>: charging for custom "
"services, grant funding"
"servicios personalizados, subsidios"
#. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><blockquote><para>
-#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:5465
+#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:5476
msgid "<emphasis role=\"strong\">Interview date</emphasis>: December 21, 2015"
msgstr ""
"<emphasis role=\"strong\">Fecha de la entrevista</emphasis>: 21 de "
"diciembre, 2015"
#. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><blockquote><para>
-#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:5468
+#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:5479
msgid ""
"<emphasis role=\"strong\">Interviewees</emphasis>: David Wiley and Kim "
"Thanos, cofounders"
"Thanos, cofundadores"
#. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para><footnote><para>
-#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:5482
+#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:5493
msgid "<ulink url=\"http://lumenlearning.com/innovative-projects/\"/>"
msgstr "<ulink url=\"http://lumenlearning.com/innovative-projects/\"/>"
#. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para>
-#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:5476
+#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:5487
msgid ""
"Cofounded by open education visionary Dr. David Wiley and education-"
"technology strategist Kim Thanos, Lumen Learning is dedicated to improving "
"Learning."
#. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para>
-#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:5499
+#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:5510
msgid ""
"David and Kim went back and forth on whether it should be a nonprofit or "
"for- profit. A nonprofit would make it a more comfortable fit with the "
"usualmente no hay mucha flexibilidad para hacerlo."
#. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para>
-#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:5509
+#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:5520
msgid ""
"But as a for-profit, they’d have to convince educational institutions to pay "
"for what Lumen had to offer. On the positive side, they’d have more control "
"sustentabilidad."
#. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para>
-#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:5518
+#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:5529
msgid ""
"Right from the start, David and Kim positioned Lumen Learning as a way to "
"help institutions engage in open educational resources, or OER. OER are "
"reorientación por otros."
#. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para>
-#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:5526
+#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:5537
msgid ""
"Originally, Lumen did custom contracts for each institution. This was "
"complicated and challenging to manage. However, through that process "
"—"
#. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><itemizedlist><listitem><para>
-#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:5542
+#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:5553
msgid "replace expensive textbooks in high-enrollment courses with OER;"
msgstr ""
"remplazar libros de texto costosos en cursos de gran matrícula con OER;"
#. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><itemizedlist><listitem><para>
-#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:5548
+#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:5559
msgid ""
"provide enrolled students day one access to Lumen’s fully customizable OER "
"course materials through the institution’s learning-management system;"
"sistema de gestión de aprendizaje de la institución;"
#. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><itemizedlist><listitem><para>
-#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:5555
+#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:5566
msgid ""
"measure improvements in student success with metrics like passing rates, "
"persistence, and course completion; and"
"de aprobación, persistencia, y finalización de curso; y"
#. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><itemizedlist><listitem><para>
-#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:5561
+#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:5572
msgid ""
"collaborate with faculty to make ongoing improvements to OER based on "
"student success research."
"la investigación del éxito de los estudiantes."
#. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para>
-#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:5567
+#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:5578
msgid ""
"Lumen has developed a suite of open, Creative Commons–licensed courseware in "
"more than sixty-five subjects. All courses are freely and publicly available "
"siguiendo los terminos de las licencias Creative Commons."
#. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para>
-#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:5575
+#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:5586
msgid ""
"Then there are three types of bundled services that cost money. One option, "
"which Lumen calls Candela courseware, offers integration with the "
"dolares por estudiante suscrito para la institución."
#. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para>
-#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:5583
+#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:5594
msgid ""
"A second option is Waymaker, which offers the services of Candela but adds "
"personalized learning technologies, such as study plans, automated messages, "
"matriculado."
#. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para>
-#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:5590
+#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:5601
msgid ""
"The third and emerging line of business for Lumen is providing guidance and "
"support for institutions and state systems that are pursuing the development "
"costosos con OER."
#. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para>
-#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:5599
+#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:5610
msgid ""
"Lumen generates revenue by charging for their value-added tools and services "
"on top of their free courses, just as solar-power companies provide the "
"abierto, ha generado un inmenso bienestar en la comunidad."
#. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para>
-#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:5616
+#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:5627
msgid ""
"In most cases, development of their courses is funded by the institution "
"Lumen has a contract with. When creating new courses, Lumen typically works "
"aprendizaje, que las facultades revisan."
#. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para>
-#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:5627
+#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:5638
msgid ""
"Sometimes faculty like the existing OER but not the way it is presented. The "
"open licensing of existing OER allows Lumen to pick and choose from images, "
"da una licencia Attribution (CC BY)."
#. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para>
-#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:5638
+#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:5649
msgid ""
"Using only OER made them experience firsthand how complex it could be to mix "
"differently licensed work together. A common strategy with OER is to place "
"mezclan diferentes OER juntos."
#. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para>
-#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:5646
+#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:5657
msgid ""
"Remixing OER often results in multiple attributions on every page of every "
"course—text from one place, images from another, and videos from yet "
"se muestren al final de cada página."
#. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para>
-#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:5657
+#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:5668
msgid ""
"Lumen’s commitment to open licensing and helping low-income students has led "
"to strong relationships with institutions, open-education enthusiasts, and "
"equipo de ventas de Lumen."
#. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para>
-#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:5665
+#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:5676
msgid ""
"To manage demand and ensure the success of projects, their strategy is to be "
"proactive and focus on what’s going on in higher education in different "
"a los que tendrían impacto en el mayor número de estudiantes."
#. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para>
-#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:5678
+#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:5689
msgid ""
"As a business, Lumen is committed to openness. There are two core "
"nonnegotiables: Lumen’s use of CC BY, the most permissive of the Creative "
"que logren las metas de la institución, mientras Lumen se conserva prospera."
#. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para>
-#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:5688
+#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:5699
msgid ""
"Openness also means that Lumen’s OER must necessarily be nonexclusive and "
"nonrivalrous. This represents several big challenges for the business model: "
"la comunidad abierta."
#. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para>
-#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:5698
+#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:5709
msgid ""
"In the OER sector, there are examples of corporations, and even "
"institutions, acting as free riders. Some simply take and use open resources "
"sea justa o que den de regreso algo que sea generoso."
#. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para>
-#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:5707
+#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:5718
msgid ""
"Lumen does track institutions accessing and using their free content. They "
"proactively contact those institutions, with an estimate of how much their "
"evolución y la mejora de los OER que estén usando."
#. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para>
-#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:5718
+#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:5729
msgid ""
"Lumen works hard to be a good corporate citizen in the OER community. For "
"David and Kim, a good corporate citizen gives more than they take, adds "
"sostenible y se esfuerza por un balance correcto de todos estos factores."
#. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para>
-#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:5727
+#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:5738
msgid ""
"Licensing all the content they produce with CC BY is a key part of giving "
"more value than they take. They’ve also worked hard at finding the right "
"que sea entendible y repetible."
#. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para>
-#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:5733
+#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:5744
msgid ""
"As of the fall 2016 term, Lumen had eighty-six different open courses, "
"working relationships with ninety-two institutions, and more than seventy-"
"el futuro, su estrategia es reemplazar el financiamiento con ingresos."
#. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para>
-#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:5745
+#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:5756
msgid ""
"In creating Lumen Learning, David and Kim say they’ve landed on solutions "
"they never imagined, and there is still a lot of learning taking place. For "
"que sostienes, y no alejarse de eso. Ciertamente es acerca de la confianza."
#. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><title>
-#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:5756
+#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:5767
msgid "Jonathan Mann"
msgstr "Jonathan Mann"
#. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><blockquote><para>
-#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:5759
+#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:5770
msgid ""
"Jonathan Mann is a singer and songwriter who is most well known as the "
"<quote>Song A Day</quote> guy. Based in the U.S."
"Unidos."
#. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><blockquote><para>
-#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:5762
+#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:5773
msgid ""
"<ulink url=\"http://jonathanmann.net\"/> and <ulink url=\"http://"
"jonathanmann.bandcamp.com\"/>"
"jonathanmann.bandcamp.com\"/>"
#. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><blockquote><para>
-#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:5765
+#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:5776
msgid ""
"<emphasis role=\"strong\">Revenue model</emphasis>: charging for custom "
"services, pay-what-you-want, crowdfunding (subscription-based), charging for "
"musicales)"
#. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><blockquote><para>
-#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:5770
+#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:5781
msgid "<emphasis role=\"strong\">Interview date</emphasis>: February 22, 2016"
msgstr ""
"<emphasis role=\"strong\">Fecha de la entrevista</emphasis>: 22 de febrero, "
"2016"
#. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para>
-#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:5778
+#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:5789
msgid ""
"Jonathan Mann thinks of his business model as <quote>hustling</quote>—"
"seizing nearly every opportunity he sees to make money. The bulk of his "
"sesiones de la conferencia."
#. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para>
-#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:5790
+#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:5801
msgid ""
"His entrepreneurial spirit is coupled with a willingness to take action "
"quickly. A perfect illustration of his ability to act fast happened in 2010, "
"se volvió viral, y la experiencia lo llevó a la revista Time magazine."
#. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para>
-#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:5801
+#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:5812
msgid ""
"Jonathan’s successful <quote>hustling</quote> is also about old-fashioned "
"persistence. He is currently in his eighth straight year of writing one song "
"conocido como <quote>el tipo de una-canción-al-dia</quote>."
#. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para>
-#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:5808
+#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:5819
msgid ""
"He fell into this role by, naturally, seizing a random opportunity a friend "
"alerted him to seven years ago—an event called Fun-A-Day, where people are "
"más de mirar videos en línea que simplemente escuchar archivos de audio."
#. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para>
-#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:5818
+#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:5829
msgid ""
"He had a really good time doing the thirty-one-day challenge, so he decided "
"to see if he could continue it for one year. He never stopped. He has "
"la canción por él."
#. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para>
-#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:5834
+#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:5845
msgid ""
"Over time, the song-a-day gig became the basis of his livelihood. In the "
"beginning, he made money one of two ways. The first was by entering a wide "
"mayoría de su dinero de esta manera."
#. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para>
-#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:5843
+#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:5854
msgid ""
"His website explains his gig as <quote>taking any message, from the super "
"simple to the totally complicated, and conveying that message through a "
"producción de este libro."
#. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para>
-#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:5852
+#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:5863
msgid ""
"Jonathan can’t recall when exactly he first learned about Creative Commons, "
"but he began applying CC licenses to his songs and videos as soon as he "
"su trabajo pudiera ser compartido</quote>."
#. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para>
-#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:5861
+#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:5872
msgid ""
"His songs are essentially marketing for his services, so obviously the "
"further his songs spread, the better. Using CC licenses helps grease the "
"mio ha socavado eso</quote>."
#. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para>
-#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:5871
+#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:5882
msgid ""
"There are some people who cover his songs fairly regularly, and he would "
"never shut that down. But he acknowledges there is a lot more he could do to "
"no hago nada de eso</quote>, comentó Jonathan."
#. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para>
-#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:5878
+#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:5889
msgid ""
"He does have a fan community he cultivates on Bandcamp, but it isn’t his "
"major focus. <quote>I do have a core audience that has stuck around for a "
"fuente de ingresos de componer canciones personalizadas a sus clientes."
#. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para>
-#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:5888
+#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:5899
msgid ""
"Jonathan recognizes what comes naturally to him and leverages those skills. "
"Through the practice of daily songwriting, he realized he has a gift for "
"entendible."
#. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para>
-#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:5900
+#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:5911
+#, fuzzy
+#| msgid ""
+#| "When he is hired by a client to write a song, he first asks them to send "
+#| "a list of talking points and other information they want to include in "
+#| "the song. He puts all of that into a text file and starts moving things "
+#| "around, cutting and pasting until the message starts to come together. "
+#| "The first thing he tries to do is grok the core message and develop the "
+#| "chorus. Then he looks for connections or parts he can make rhyme. The "
+#| "entire process really does resemble good journalism, but of course the "
+#| "final product of his work is a song rather than news. <quote>There is "
+#| "something about being challenged and forced to take information that "
+#| "doesn’t seem like it should be sung about or doesn’t seem like it lends "
+#| "itself to a song,</quote> he said. <quote>I find that creative challenge "
+#| "really satisfying. I enjoy getting lost in that process.</quote>"
msgid ""
"When he is hired by a client to write a song, he first asks them to send a "
"list of talking points and other information they want to include in the "
"thing he tries to do is grok the core message and develop the chorus. Then "
"he looks for connections or parts he can make rhyme. The entire process "
"really does resemble good journalism, but of course the final product of his "
-"work is a song rather than news. <quote>There is something about being "
-"challenged and forced to take information that doesn’t seem like it should "
-"be sung about or doesn’t seem like it lends itself to a song,</quote> he "
-"said. <quote>I find that creative challenge really satisfying. I enjoy "
-"getting lost in that process.</quote>"
+"work is a song rather than news. \"There is something about being challenged "
+"and forced to take information that doesn’t seem like it should be sung about"
msgstr ""
"Cuando es contratado por un cliente para componer una canción, lo primero "
"que les solicita es enviar una lista de los puntos de discusión y otra "
"satisfactorio. Me gusta perderme en el proceso</quote>."
#. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para>
-#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:5916
+#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:5924
+msgid ""
+"or doesn’t seem like it lends itself to a song,\" he said. <quote>I find "
+"that creative challenge really satisfying. I enjoy getting lost in that "
+"process.</quote>"
+msgstr ""
+
+#. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para>
+#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:5929
msgid ""
"Jonathan admits that in an ideal world, he would exclusively write the music "
"he wanted to write, rather than what clients hire him to write. But his "
"mismo."
#. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para>
-#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:5923
+#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:5936
msgid ""
"Jonathan uses nearly every tool possible to make money from his art, but he "
"does have lines he won’t cross. He won’t write songs about things he "
"el es mejor al usar su propio estilo único en vez de imitar a otros."
#. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para>
-#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:5935
+#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:5948
msgid ""
"Jonathan’s song-a-day commitment exemplifies the power of habit and grit. "
"Conventional wisdom about creative productivity, including advice in books "
"encarnación viviente de estos principios."
#. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para>
-#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:5944
+#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:5957
msgid ""
"When he speaks about his work, he talks about how much the song-a-day "
"process has changed him. Rather than seeing any given piece of work as "
"la canción de mañana puede que sea mejor."
#. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para>
-#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:5951
+#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:5964
msgid ""
"Jonathan seems to have this mentality about his career more generally. He is "
"constantly experimenting with ways to make a living while sharing his work "
"que nunca se siente verdaderamente exitoso."
#. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para>
-#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:5958
+#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:5971
msgid ""
"<quote>Success feels like it’s over,</quote> he said. <quote>To a certain "
"extent, a creative person is not ever going to feel completely satisfied "
"satisfecha porque entonces mucho de lo que los impulsa se iría</quote>."
#. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><title>
-#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:5965
+#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:5978
msgid "Noun Project"
msgstr "Noun Project"
#. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><blockquote><para>
-#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:5968
+#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:5981
msgid ""
"The Noun Project is a for-profit company offering an online platform to "
"display visual icons from a global network of designers. Founded in 2010 in "
"2010 en los E.U.A."
#. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><blockquote><para>
-#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:5973
+#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:5986
msgid "<ulink url=\"http://thenounproject.com\"/>"
msgstr "<ulink url=\"http://thenounproject.com\"/>"
#. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><blockquote><para>
-#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:5975
+#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:5988
msgid ""
"<emphasis role=\"strong\">Revenue model</emphasis>: charging a transaction "
"fee, charging for custom services"
"transacción, cargos por servicios personalizados"
#. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><blockquote><para>
-#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:5978
+#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:5991
msgid "<emphasis role=\"strong\">Interview date</emphasis>: October 6, 2015"
msgstr ""
"<emphasis role=\"strong\">Fecha de la entrevista</emphasis>: 6 de octubre, "
"2015"
#. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><blockquote><para>
-#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:5981
+#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:5994
msgid ""
"<emphasis role=\"strong\">Interviewee</emphasis>: Edward Boatman, cofounder"
msgstr ""
"<emphasis role=\"strong\">Entrevistado</emphasis>: Edward Boatman, cofundador"
#. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para>
-#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:5989
+#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:6002
msgid ""
"The Noun Project creates and shares visual language. There are millions who "
"use Noun Project symbols to simplify communication across borders, "
"las fronteras, lenguajes, y culturas."
#. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para>
-#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:5994
+#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:6007
msgid ""
"The original idea for the Noun Project came to cofounder Edward Boatman "
"while he was a student in architecture design school. He’d always done a lot "
"en el planeta."
#. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para>
-#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:6002
+#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:6015
msgid ""
"When Edward went on to work at an architecture firm, he had to make a lot of "
"presentation boards for clients. But finding high-quality sources for "
"similarers."
#. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para>
-#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:6010
+#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:6023
msgid ""
"With his partner, Sofya Polyakov, he began collecting symbols for a website "
"and writing a business plan. Inspiration came from the book Professor and "
"voluntarios alrededor del mundo."
#. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para><footnote><para>
-#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:6021
+#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:6034
msgid ""
"<ulink url=\"http://www.kickstarter.com/projects/tnp/building-a-free-"
"collection-of-our-worlds-visual-sy/description\"/>"
"collection-of-our-worlds-visual-sy/description\"/>"
#. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para>
-#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:6018
+#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:6031
msgid ""
"Then Edward got laid off during the recession, which turned out to be a huge "
"catalyst. He decided to give his idea a go, and in 2010 Edward and Sofya "
"algo más grande."
#. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para>
-#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:6027
+#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:6040
msgid ""
"They created a platform where symbols and icons could be uploaded, and "
"Edward began recruiting talented designers to contribute their designs, a "
"mundo."
#. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para>
-#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:6035
+#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:6048
msgid ""
"The Noun Project currently has about seven thousand designers from around "
"the world. But not all submissions are accepted. The Noun Project’s quality-"
"diseñadores."
#. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para>
-#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:6044
+#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:6057
msgid ""
"Creative Commons is an integral part of the Noun Project’s business model; "
"this decision was inspired by Chris Anderson’s book Free: The Future of "
"construir un modelo de negocios alrededor del contenido libre."
#. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para>
-#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:6051
+#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:6064
msgid ""
"Edward knew he wanted to offer a free visual language while still providing "
"some protection and reward for its contributors. There is a tension between "
"créditos, pueden usar la CC0 para poner el trabajo en el dominio público."
#. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para>
-#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:6065
+#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:6078
msgid ""
"Noun Project’s business model and means of generating revenue have evolved "
"significantly over time. Their initial plan was to sell T-shirts with the "
"foco</quote>."
#. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para>
-#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:6076
+#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:6089
msgid ""
"They asked their global network of designers whether they’d be open to "
"receiving modest remuneration instead of attribution. Designers saw it as a "
"muy exitante para muchos diseñadores."
#. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para>
-#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:6083
+#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:6096
msgid ""
"The Noun Project first adopted a model whereby using an icon without giving "
"attribution would cost $1.99 per icon. The model’s second iteration added a "
"creadores, y bueno para la plataforma."
#. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para>
-#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:6097
+#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:6110
msgid ""
"Customers then began asking for an application-programming interface (API), "
"which would allow Noun Project icons and symbols to be directly accessed "
"pero la implementación completa requerirá que se compre las versión API Pro."
#. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para>
-#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:6111
+#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:6124
msgid ""
"The Noun Project shares revenue with its international designers. For one-"
"off purchases, the revenue is split 70 percent to the designer and 30 "
"diseñador y 30 porciento para Noun Project."
#. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para>
-#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:6116
+#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:6129
msgid ""
"The revenue from premium purchases (the subscription and API options) is "
"split a little differently. At the end of each month, the total revenue from "
"más servicios al usuario."
#. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para><footnote><para>
-#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:6128
-#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:6200
+#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:6141
+#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:6213
msgid ""
"<ulink url=\"http://thenounproject.com/handbook/royalties/#getting_paid\"/>"
msgstr ""
"<ulink url=\"http://thenounproject.com/handbook/royalties/#getting_paid\"/>"
#. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para>
-#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:6127
+#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:6140
msgid ""
"The Noun Project tries to be completely transparent about their royalty "
"structure.<placeholder type=\"footnote\" id=\"0\"/> They tend to over "
"es la principal prioridad."
#. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para>
-#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:6132
+#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:6145
msgid ""
"For most creators, contributing to the Noun Project is not a full-time job "
"but something they do on the side. Edward categorizes monthly earnings for "
"cuentas; y el más exitoso de todos, suficiente para pagar la renta."
#. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para>
-#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:6139
+#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:6152
msgid ""
"Recently the Noun Project launched a new app called Lingo. Designers can "
"use Lingo to organize not just their Noun Project icons and symbols but also "
"suscriben al Noun ProjectPro, pueden acceder al mismo desde Lingo."
#. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para>
-#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:6153
+#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:6166
msgid ""
"The Noun Project gives a ton of value away for free. A very large percentage "
"of their roughly one million members have a free account, but there are "
"visuales."
#. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para>
-#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:6160
+#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:6173
msgid ""
"For Edward, <quote>creating, sharing, and celebrating the world’s visual "
"language</quote> is the most important aspect of what they do; it’s their "
"stated mission. It differentiates them from others who offer graphics, "
"icons, or clip art."
msgstr ""
-"Para Edward, <quote>crear, compartir, y celebrar el lenguaje visual "
-"mundial</quote> es el aspecto más importante de lo hacen ellos; es su misión "
+"Para Edward, <quote>crear, compartir, y celebrar el lenguaje visual mundial</"
+"quote> es el aspecto más importante de lo hacen ellos; es su misión "
"declarada. Eso los diferencia de otros que ofrecen gráficos, iconos o "
"imágenes predefinidas."
#. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para>
-#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:6166
+#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:6179
msgid ""
"Noun Project creators agree. When surveyed on why they participate in the "
"Noun Project, this is how designers rank their reasons: 1) to support the "
"contribuyentes, es importante tener una misión más allá de hacer dinero."
#. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para>
-#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:6175
+#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:6188
msgid ""
"In Edward’s view, Creative Commons is central to their mission of sharing "
"and social good. Using Creative Commons makes the Noun Project’s mission "
"dentro con una comunidad de usuarios y fans."
#. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para>
-#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:6182
+#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:6195
msgid ""
"Edward told us, <quote>Don’t underestimate the power of a passionate "
"community around your product or your business. They are going to go to bat "
"otras iniciativas y continuar alimentándola</quote>."
#. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para>
-#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:6192
+#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:6205
msgid ""
"The Noun Project nurtures their creators’ second motivation—promoting a "
"personal brand—by connecting every icon and symbol to the creator’s name and "
"pueden buscar los íconos por el nombre del creador."
#. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para>
-#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:6199
+#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:6212
msgid ""
"The Noun Project also builds community through Iconathons—hackathons for "
"icons.<placeholder type=\"footnote\" id=\"0\"/> In partnership with a "
"puedan ser usados por cualquiera gratuitamente."
#. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para>
-#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:6208
+#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:6221
msgid ""
"Providing a free version of their product that satisfies a lot of their "
"customers’ needs has actually enabled the Noun Project to build the paid "
"esa meta."
#. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><title>
-#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:6219
+#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:6232
msgid "Open Data Institute"
msgstr "Open Data Institute"
#. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><blockquote><para>
-#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:6222
+#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:6235
msgid ""
"The Open Data Institute is an independent nonprofit that connects, equips, "
"and inspires people around the world to innovate with data. Founded in 2012 "
"datos. Fundada en 2012 en RU."
#. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><blockquote><para>
-#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:6227
+#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:6240
msgid "<ulink url=\"http://theodi.org\"/>"
msgstr "<ulink url=\"http://theodi.org\"/>"
#. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><blockquote><para>
-#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:6229
+#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:6242
msgid ""
"<emphasis role=\"strong\">Revenue model</emphasis>: grant and government "
"funding, charging for custom services, donations"
"personalizados, donaciones"
#. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><blockquote><para>
-#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:6232
+#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:6245
msgid "<emphasis role=\"strong\">Interview date</emphasis>: November 11, 2015"
msgstr ""
"<emphasis role=\"strong\">Fecha de la entrevista</emphasis>: 11 de "
"noviembre, 2015"
#. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><blockquote><para>
-#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:6235
+#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:6248
msgid ""
"<emphasis role=\"strong\">Interviewee</emphasis>: Jeni Tennison, technical "
"director"
"técnico"
#. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para>
-#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:6243
+#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:6256
msgid ""
"Cofounded by Sir Tim Berners-Lee and Sir Nigel Shadbolt in 2012, the London-"
"based Open Data Institute (ODI) offers data-related training, events, "
"a inovar con los datos."
#. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para>
-#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:6253
+#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:6266
msgid ""
"Data underpins planning and decision making across all aspects of society. "
"Weather data helps farmers know when to plant their crops, flight time data "
"permitirles entender mejor qué es lo que esta pasando alrededor de ellos."
#. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para>
-#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:6265
+#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:6278
msgid ""
"The Open Data Institute’s 2012–17 business plan starts out by describing its "
"vision to establish itself as a world-leading center and to research and be "
"quiere —"
#. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><itemizedlist><listitem><para>
-#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:6275
+#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:6288
msgid ""
"demonstrate the commercial value of open government data and how open-data "
"policies affect this;"
"políticas de datos abiertos afectan esto;"
#. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><itemizedlist><listitem><para>
-#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:6281
+#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:6294
msgid "develop the economic benefits case and business models for open data;"
msgstr ""
"desarrollar el caso del beneficio económico y el modelos de negocios para "
"los datos abiertos;"
#. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><itemizedlist><listitem><para>
-#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:6287
+#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:6300
msgid "help UK businesses use open data; and"
msgstr "ayudar a los negocios del RU a usar los datos abiertos; y"
#. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><itemizedlist><listitem><para><footnote><para>
-#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:6292
+#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:6305
msgid ""
"<ulink url=\"http://e642e8368e3bf8d5526e-464b4b70b4554c1a79566214d402739e.r6."
"cf3.rackcdn.com/odi-business-plan-may-release.pdf\"/>"
"cf3.rackcdn.com/odi-business-plan-may-release.pdf\"/>"
#. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><itemizedlist><listitem><para>
-#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:6292
+#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:6305
msgid ""
"show how open data can improve public services.<placeholder type=\"footnote"
"\" id=\"0\"/>"
"<placeholder type=\"footnote\" id=\"0\"/>"
#. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para>
-#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:6297
+#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:6310
msgid ""
"ODI is very explicit about how it wants to make open business models, and "
"defining what this means. Jeni Tennison, ODI’s technical director, puts it "
"los datos abiertos para los ingresos."
#. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para>
-#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:6307
+#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:6320
msgid ""
"As an independent nonprofit, ODI secured £10 million over five years from "
"the UK government via Innovate UK, an agency that promotes innovation in "
"inversión de $4.75 millones de la Omidyar Network."
#. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para>
-#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:6315
+#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:6328
msgid ""
"Jeni started out as a developer and technical architect for data.gov.uk, the "
"UK government’s pioneering open-data initiative. She helped make data sets "
"un staff de sesenta."
#. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para>
-#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:6322
+#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:6335
msgid ""
"ODI strives to have half its annual budget come from the core UK government "
"and Omidyar grants, and the other half from project-based research and "
"complementarios en respuesta a las necesidades del mercado."
#. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para>
-#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:6330
+#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:6343
msgid ""
"On the commercial side, ODI generates funding through memberships, training, "
"and advisory services."
"capacitación, y servicios de asesoría."
#. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para><footnote><para>
-#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:6345
+#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:6358
msgid "<ulink url=\"http://directory.theodi.org/members\"/>"
msgstr "<ulink url=\"http://directory.theodi.org/members\"/>"
#. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para>
-#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:6334
+#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:6347
msgid ""
"You can join the ODI as an individual or commercial member. Individual "
"membership is pay-what-you-can, with options ranging from £1 to £100. "
"\"0\"/>"
#. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para>
-#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:6348
+#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:6361
msgid ""
"ODI provides standardized open data training courses in which anyone can "
"enroll. The initial idea was to offer an intensive and academically oriented "
"que puedan asistir como una forma de desarrollo profesional."
#. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para>
-#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:6362
+#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:6375
msgid ""
"ODI customizes training for clients as well, for which there is more demand. "
"Custom training usually emerges through an established relationship with an "
"tiende a generar gran interés y compromiso."
#. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para>
-#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:6371
+#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:6384
msgid ""
"Education about open data is also a part of ODI’s annual summit event, where "
"curated presentations and speakers showcase the work of ODI and its members "
"temáticas principales y más de 750 asistentes."
#. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para>
-#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:6379
+#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:6392
msgid ""
"In addition to memberships and training, ODI provides advisory services to "
"help with technical-data support, technology development, change management, "
"organizaciones comerciales."
#. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para>
-#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:6388
+#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:6401
msgid ""
"On the commercial side, the following value propositions seem to resonate:"
msgstr ""
"Del lado comercial, las siguiente proposiciones de valor parecen resonar:"
#. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><itemizedlist><listitem><para>
-#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:6394
+#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:6407
msgid ""
"Data-driven insights. Businesses need data from outside their business to "
"get more insight. Businesses can generate value and more effectively pursue "
"datos también. Los datos abiertos son un tópico candente."
#. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><itemizedlist><listitem><para>
-#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:6402
+#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:6415
msgid ""
"Open innovation. Many large-scale enterprises are aware they don’t innovate "
"very well. One way they can innovate is to open up their data. ODI "
"autonomía organizativa."
#. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><itemizedlist><listitem><para>
-#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:6411
+#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:6424
msgid ""
"Corporate social responsibility. While this resonates with businesses, ODI "
"cautions against having it be the sole reason for making data open. If a "
"y oportunidades."
#. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para>
-#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:6420
+#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:6433
msgid ""
"During their early years, ODI wanted to focus solely on the United Kingdom. "
"But in their first year, large delegations of government visitors from over "
"crear <quote>nodos</quote> internacionales del ODI."
#. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para>
-#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:6429
+#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:6442
msgid ""
"Nodes are franchises of the ODI at a regional or city level. Hosted by "
"existing (for-profit or not-for-profit) organizations, they operate locally "
"pequeña cuota por ser parte de la red y usar la marca."
#. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para><footnote><para>
-#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:6443
+#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:6456
msgid ""
"<ulink url=\"http://theodi.org/odi-startup-programme\"/>; <ulink url="
"\"http://theodi.org/open-data-incubator-for-europe\"/>"
"\"http://theodi.org/open-data-incubator-for-europe\"/>"
#. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para>
-#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:6441
+#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:6454
msgid ""
"ODI also runs programs to help start-ups in the UK and across Europe develop "
"a sustainable business around open data, offering mentoring, advice, "
"oficinas.<placeholder type=\"footnote\" id=\"0\"/>"
#. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para>
-#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:6447
+#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:6460
msgid ""
"A big part of ODI’s business model revolves around community building. "
"Memberships, training, summits, consulting services, nodes, and start-up "
"construirla, no únicamente en línea sino a través de eventos cara-a-cara."
#. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para><footnote><para>
-#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:6461
+#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:6474
msgid "<ulink url=\"http://certificates.theodi.org\"/>"
msgstr "<ulink url=\"http://certificates.theodi.org\"/>"
#. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para>
-#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:6456
+#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:6469
msgid ""
"ODI has created an online tool that organizations can use to assess the "
"legal, practical, technical, and social aspects of their open data. If it is "
"<placeholder type=\"footnote\" id=\"0\"/>"
#. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para>
-#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:6464
+#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:6477
msgid ""
"Separate from commercial activities, the ODI generates funding through "
"research grants. Research includes looking at evidence on the impact of open "
"escala."
#. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para>
-#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:6470
+#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:6483
msgid ""
"Creative Commons 4.0 licenses cover database rights and ODI recommends CC "
"BY, CC BY-SA, and CC0 for data releases. ODI encourages publishers of data "
"vez de crear <quote>licencias abiertas</quote> de su autoría."
#. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para>
-#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:6477
+#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:6490
msgid ""
"For ODI, open is at the heart of what they do. They also release any "
"software code they produce under open-source-software licenses, and "
"y hacer dinero</quote>."
#. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para>
-#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:6495
+#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:6508
msgid ""
"To serve as evidence of a successful open business model and return on "
"investment, ODI has a public dashboard of key performance indicators. Here "
"Abril de 2016:"
#. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><itemizedlist><listitem><para>
-#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:6503
+#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:6516
msgid ""
"Total amount of cash investments unlocked in direct investments in ODI, "
"competition funding, direct contracts, and partnerships, and income that ODI "
"del ODI han generado desde su incorporación al programa ODI: £ 44.5 millones"
#. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><itemizedlist><listitem><para>
-#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:6511
+#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:6524
msgid "Total number of active members and nodes across the globe: 1,350"
msgstr "Número total de miembros activos y nodos alrededor del mundo: 1,350"
#. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><itemizedlist><listitem><para>
-#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:6517
+#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:6530
msgid "Total sales since ODI began: £7.44 million"
msgstr "Ventas totales desde que comenzó el ODI: £7.44 millones"
#. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><itemizedlist><listitem><para>
-#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:6522
+#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:6535
msgid ""
"Total number of unique people reached since ODI began, in person and online: "
"2.2 million"
"en persona y en línea: 2.2 millones"
#. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><itemizedlist><listitem><para>
-#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:6528
+#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:6541
msgid "Total Open Data Certificates created: 151,000"
msgstr "Total de certificados de Open Data creados: 151, 000"
#. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><itemizedlist><listitem><para><footnote><para>
-#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:6534
+#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:6547
msgid "<ulink url=\"http://dashboards.theodi.org/company/all\"/>"
msgstr "<ulink url=\"http://dashboards.theodi.org/company/all\"/>"
#. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><itemizedlist><listitem><para>
-#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:6533
+#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:6546
msgid ""
"Total number of people trained by ODI and its nodes since ODI began: "
"5,080<placeholder type=\"footnote\" id=\"0\"/>"
"comenzó: 5,080<placeholder type=\"footnote\" id=\"0\"/>"
#. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><title>
-#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:6540
+#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:6553
msgid "OpenDesk"
msgstr "OpenDesk"
#. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><blockquote><para>
-#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:6543
+#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:6556
msgid ""
"Opendesk is a for-profit company offering an online platform that connects "
"furniture designers around the world with customers and local makers who "
"RU."
#. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><blockquote><para>
-#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:6549
+#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:6562
msgid "<ulink url=\"http://www.opendesk.cc\"/>"
msgstr "<ulink url=\"http://www.opendesk.cc\"/>"
#. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><blockquote><para>
-#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:6551
-#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:8982
+#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:6564
+#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:8995
msgid ""
"<emphasis role=\"strong\">Revenue model</emphasis>: charging a transaction "
"fee"
"cuota de transacción"
#. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><blockquote><para>
-#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:6554
+#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:6567
msgid "<emphasis role=\"strong\">Interview date</emphasis>: November 4, 2015"
msgstr ""
"<emphasis role=\"strong\">Fecha de la entrevista</emphasis>: 4 de noviembre, "
"2015"
#. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><blockquote><para>
-#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:6557
+#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:6570
msgid ""
"<emphasis role=\"strong\">Interviewees</emphasis>: Nick Ierodiaconou and "
"Joni Steiner, cofounders"
"Steiner, cofundadores"
#. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para>
-#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:6565
+#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:6578
msgid ""
"Opendesk is an online platform that connects furniture designers around the "
"world not just with customers but also with local registered makers who "
"por un creador."
#. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para>
-#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:6571
+#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:6584
msgid ""
"Cofounders Nick Ierodiaconou and Joni Steiner studied and worked as "
"architects together. They also made goods. Their first client was Mint "
"de lucro y Opendesk en una campañía de lucro."
#. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para>
-#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:6588
+#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:6601
msgid ""
"When Nick and Joni set out to create Opendesk, there were a lot of questions "
"about the viability of distributed manufacturing. No one was doing it in a "
"lejos del camino."
#. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para>
-#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:6595
+#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:6608
msgid ""
"And now this sector is emerging, and Nick and Joni are highly interested in "
"the commercialization aspects of it. As part of coming up with a business "
"reinventar la rueda y decidieron usar las Creative Commons."
#. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para>
-#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:6606
+#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:6619
msgid ""
"When designing the Opendesk system, they had two goals. They wanted anyone, "
"anywhere in the world, to be able to download designs so that they could be "
"Salir con un modelo de negocios iba a ser complejo."
#. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para>
-#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:6613
+#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:6626
msgid ""
"They gave a lot of thought to three angles—the potential for social sharing, "
"allowing designers to choose their license, and the impact these choices "
"decisiones en el modelo de negocios."
#. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para>
-#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:6618
+#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:6631
msgid ""
"In support of social sharing, Opendesk actively advocates for (but doesn’t "
"demand) open licensing. And Nick and Joni are agnostic about which Creative "
"quieren ser."
#. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para><footnote><para>
-#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:6630
+#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:6643
msgid "<ulink url=\"http://www.opendesk.cc/designers\"/>"
msgstr "<ulink url=\"http://www.opendesk.cc/designers\"/>"
#. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para>
-#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:6626
+#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:6639
msgid ""
"For the most part, designers love the idea of sharing content. They "
"understand that you get positive feedback when you’re attributed, what Nick "
"En su mayoría, los diseñadores aman la idea de compartir contenido. "
"Entienden que reciben realimentación positiva cuando se les dá crédito, lo "
"que Nick y Joni llamaron <quote>brillo reputacional</quote>. Y Opendesk hace "
-"un magnífico trabajo perfilando a los diseñadores.<placeholder type=\""
-"footnote\" id=\"0\"/>"
+"un magnífico trabajo perfilando a los diseñadores.<placeholder type="
+"\"footnote\" id=\"0\"/>"
#. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para>
-#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:6633
+#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:6646
msgid ""
"While designers are largely OK with personal sharing, there is a concern "
"that someone will take the design and manufacture the furniture in bulk, "
"licencia Attributtion-NonCommercial (CC BY-NC)."
#. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para>
-#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:6640
+#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:6653
msgid ""
"Anyone can download a design and make it themselves, provided it’s for "
"noncommercial use — and there have been many, many downloads. Or users can "
"especificaciones en el archivo de diseño."
#. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para><footnote><para>
-#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:6657
+#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:6670
msgid "<ulink url=\"http://www.opendesk.cc/open-making/makers/\"/>"
msgstr "<ulink url=\"http://www.opendesk.cc/open-making/makers/\"/>"
#. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para>
-#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:6650
+#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:6663
msgid ""
"Makers benefit from being part of Opendesk’s network. Making furniture for "
"local customers is paid work, and Opendesk generates business for them. Joni "
"donde las personas podían escribir ahí acerca de sus capacidades. Construir "
"la comunidad del aprendizaje de la comunidad de creadores es como nos hemos "
"avanzado.</quote> Actualmente Opendesk tiene relaciones con cientos de "
-"creadores en países alrededor del mundo.<placeholder type=\"footnote\" id=\""
-"0\"/>"
+"creadores en países alrededor del mundo.<placeholder type=\"footnote\" id="
+"\"0\"/>"
#. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para>
-#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:6660
+#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:6673
msgid ""
"The makers are a critical part of the Opendesk business model. Their model "
"builds off the makers’ quotes. Here’s how it’s expressed on Opendesk’s "
"en el sitio web de Opendesk:"
#. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para>
-#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:6665
+#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:6678
msgid ""
"When customers buy an Opendesk product directly from a registered maker, "
"they pay:"
"registrado, ellos pagan:"
#. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><itemizedlist><listitem><para>
-#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:6671
+#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:6684
msgid ""
"the manufacturing cost as set by the maker (this covers material and labour "
"costs for the product to be manufactured and any extra assembly costs "
"extra por ensamblado cargado por el creador)"
#. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><itemizedlist><listitem><para>
-#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:6678
+#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:6691
msgid ""
"a design fee for the designer (a design fee that is paid to the designer "
"every time their design is used)"
"al diseñador cada vez que su diseño es usado)"
#. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><itemizedlist><listitem><para>
-#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:6684
+#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:6697
msgid ""
"a percentage fee to the Opendesk platform (this supports the infrastructure "
"and ongoing development of the platform that helps us build out our "
"contruir nuestro mercado)"
#. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><itemizedlist><listitem><para>
-#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:6691
+#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:6704
msgid ""
"a percentage fee to the channel through which the sale is made (at the "
"moment this is Opendesk, but in the future we aim to open this up to third-"
"relevante)"
#. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><itemizedlist><listitem><para>
-#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:6700
+#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:6713
msgid ""
"a local delivery service charge (the delivery is typically charged by the "
"maker, but in some cases may be paid to a third-party delivery partner)"
"entrega externo asociado)"
#. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><itemizedlist><listitem><para>
-#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:6707
+#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:6720
msgid ""
"charges for any additional services the customer chooses, such as on-site "
"assembly (additional services are discretionary—in many cases makers will be "
"sitio y los diseñadores podrían ofrecer opciones de diseño a la medida)"
#. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><itemizedlist><listitem><para><footnote><para>
-#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:6716
+#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:6729
msgid "<ulink url=\"http://www.opendesk.cc/open-making/join\"/>"
msgstr "<ulink url=\"http://www.opendesk.cc/open-making/join\"/>"
#. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><itemizedlist><listitem><para>
-#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:6715
+#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:6728
msgid ""
"local sales taxes (variable by customer and maker location)<placeholder type="
"\"footnote\" id=\"0\"/>"
"creador)<placeholder type=\"footnote\" id=\"0\"/>"
#. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para>
-#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:6721
+#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:6734
msgid "They then go into detail how makers’ quotes are created:"
msgstr ""
"A continuación, se detallan cómo se crean las cotizaciones de los creadores:"
#. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para>
-#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:6724
+#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:6737
msgid ""
"When a customer wants to buy an Opendesk . . . they are provided with a "
"transparent breakdown of fees including the manufacturing cost, design fee, "
"manufactura subyacentes y son típicamente prorrateado de la siguiente manera:"
#. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><itemizedlist><listitem><para>
-#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:6737
+#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:6750
msgid ""
"manufacturing cost: fabrication, finishing and any other costs as set by the "
"maker (excluding any services like delivery or on-site assembly)"
"ensamblado en sitio)"
#. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><itemizedlist><listitem><para>
-#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:6744
+#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:6757
msgid "design fee: 8 percent of the manufacturing cost"
msgstr "cuota por diseño: 8 porciento del costo de manufactura"
#. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><itemizedlist><listitem><para>
-#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:6749
+#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:6762
msgid "platform fee: 12 percent of the manufacturing cost"
msgstr "cuota de plataforma: 12 porciento del costo de manufactura"
#. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><itemizedlist><listitem><para>
-#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:6754
+#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:6767
msgid "channel fee: 18 percent of the manufacturing cost"
msgstr "cuota de canal: 18 porciento del costo de manufactura"
#. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><itemizedlist><listitem><para>
-#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:6759
+#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:6772
msgid "sales tax: as applicable (depends on product and location)"
msgstr "impuesto de venta: los aplicables (depende del producto y ubicación)"
#. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para>
-#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:6764
+#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:6777
msgid ""
"Opendesk shares revenue with their community of designers. According to "
"Nick and Joni, a typical designer fee is around 2.5 percent, so Opendesk’s 8 "
"valor al diseñador."
#. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para>
-#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:6770
+#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:6783
msgid ""
"The Opendesk website features stories of designers and makers. Denis Fuzii "
"published the design for the Valovi Chair from his studio in São Paulo. His "
"Reino Unido. Actualmente Opendesk representa una gran parte de sus negocios."
#. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para>
-#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:6778
+#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:6791
msgid ""
"To manage resources and remain effective, Opendesk has so far focused on a "
"very narrow niche—primarily office furniture of a certain simple aesthetic, "
"piezas funcionales y reproducibles."
#. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para>
-#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:6787
+#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:6800
msgid ""
"On their website, Opendesk describes what they do as <quote>open making</"
"quote>: <quote>Designers get a global distribution channel. Makers get "
"personalizados</quote>."
#. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para>
-#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:6795
+#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:6808
msgid ""
"Nick and Joni say that customers like the fact that the furniture has a "
"known provenance. People really like that their furniture was designed by a "
"usuales producidos en masa de una tienda."
#. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para><footnote><para>
-#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:6808
+#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:6821
msgid "<ulink url=\"http://openmaking.is\"/>"
msgstr "<ulink url=\"http://openmaking.is\"/>"
#. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para>
-#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:6803
+#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:6816
msgid ""
"Nick and Joni are taking a community-based approach to define and evolve "
"Opendesk and the <quote>open making</quote> business model. They’re "
"prácticas de negocios que a ellos les gustaría ver que se usaran."
#. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para>
-#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:6812
+#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:6825
msgid ""
"Nick and Joni talked a lot with us about intellectual property (IP) and "
"commercialization. Many of their designers fear the idea that someone could "
"NonCommercial (CC BY-NC)."
#. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para>
-#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:6820
+#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:6833
msgid ""
"Opendesk established a set of principles for what their community considers "
"commercial and noncommercial use. Their website states:"
"considera usos comerciales y no comerciales. Su sitio web declara:"
#. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para>
-#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:6824
+#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:6837
msgid "It is unambiguously commercial use when anyone:"
msgstr "Es inequívocamente uso comercial cuando alguien:"
#. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><itemizedlist><listitem><para>
-#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:6829
+#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:6842
msgid "charges a fee or makes a profit when making an Opendesk"
msgstr "carga una cuota o tiene una ganancia cuando hace un Opendesk"
#. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><itemizedlist><listitem><para>
-#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:6834
+#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:6847
msgid "sells (or bases a commercial service on) an Opendesk"
msgstr "vende (o tiene un servicio comercial basado en) un OpenDesk"
#. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para>
-#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:6839
+#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:6852
msgid ""
"It follows from this that noncommercial use is when you make an Opendesk "
"yourself, with no intention to gain commercial advantage or monetary "
"monetaria. Por ejemplo, estos califican como no comercial:"
#. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><itemizedlist><listitem><para>
-#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:6847
+#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:6860
msgid ""
"you are an individual with your own CNC machine, or access to a shared CNC "
"machine, and will personally cut and make a few pieces of furniture yourself"
"mobiliario por sí mismo"
#. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><itemizedlist><listitem><para>
-#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:6854
+#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:6867
msgid ""
"you are a student (or teacher) and you use the design files for educational "
"purposes or training (and do not intend to sell the resulting pieces)"
"educativos o capacitación (y no intenta vender las piezas resultantes)"
#. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><itemizedlist><listitem><para>
-#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:6861
+#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:6874
msgid ""
"you work for a charity and get furniture cut by volunteers, or by employees "
"at a fab lab or maker space"
"disponibles para ti en los diferentes talleres que lo conforman"
#. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para>
-#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:6867
+#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:6880
msgid ""
"Whether or not people technically are doing things that implicate IP, Nick "
"and Joni have found that people tend to comply with the wishes of creators "
"intelectual."
#. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para>
-#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:6878
+#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:6891
msgid ""
"The mission of Opendesk is about relocalizing manufacturing, which changes "
"the way we think about how goods are made. Commercialization is integral to "
"involucrados a través de Opendesk en trabajo generador de ingresos."
#. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para>
-#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:6885
+#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:6898
msgid ""
"As a global platform for local making, Opendesk’s business model has been "
"built on honesty, transparency, and inclusivity. As Nick and Joni describe "
"ganan impulso y entonces tienen esperanza en las personas."
#. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><title>
-#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:6892
+#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:6905
msgid "OpenStax"
msgstr "OpenStax"
#. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><blockquote><para>
-#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:6895
+#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:6908
msgid ""
"OpenStax is a nonprofit that provides free, openly licensed textbooks for "
"high-enrollment introductory college courses and Advanced Placement courses. "
"demanda y cursos de posicionamiento avanzado. Fundado en 2012 en los EUA."
#. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><blockquote><para>
-#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:6900
+#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:6913
msgid "<ulink url=\"http://www.openstaxcollege.org\"/>"
msgstr "<ulink url=\"http://www.openstaxcollege.org\"/>"
#. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><blockquote><para>
-#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:6902
+#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:6915
msgid ""
"<emphasis role=\"strong\">Revenue model</emphasis>: grant funding, charging "
"for custom services, charging for physical copies (textbook sales)"
"texto)"
#. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><blockquote><para>
-#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:6906
+#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:6919
msgid "<emphasis role=\"strong\">Interview date</emphasis>: December 16, 2015"
msgstr ""
"<emphasis role=\"strong\">Fecha de la entrevista</emphasis>: 16 de "
"diciembre, 2015"
#. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><blockquote><para>
-#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:6909
+#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:6922
msgid ""
"<emphasis role=\"strong\">Interviewee</emphasis>: David Harris, editor-in-"
"chief"
"Jefe"
#. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para>
-#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:6917
+#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:6930
msgid ""
"OpenStax is an extension of a program called Connexions, which was started "
"in 1999 by Dr. Richard Baraniuk, the Victor E. Cameron Professor of "
"cualquier momento— sin costo."
#. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para>
-#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:6929
+#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:6942
msgid ""
"In 2008, while in a senior leadership role at WebAssign and looking at ways "
"to reduce the risk that came with relying on publishers, David Harris began "
"OpenStax College, ahora simplemente OpenStax."
#. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para>
-#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:6940
+#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:6953
msgid ""
"David brought with him a deep understanding of the best practices of "
"publishing along with where publishers have inefficiencies. In David’s view, "
"fácil adopción por parte de los estudiantes y profesores."
#. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para><footnote><para>
-#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:6958
+#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:6971
msgid ""
"<ulink url=\"http://news.rice.edu/files/2016/01/0119-"
"OPENSTAX-2016Infographic-lg-1tahxiu.jpg\"/>"
"OPENSTAX-2016Infographic-lg-1tahxiu.jpg\"/>"
#. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para>
-#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:6952
+#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:6965
msgid ""
"In 2012, OpenStax College launched as a nonprofit with the aim of producing "
"high-quality, peer-reviewed full-color textbooks that would be available for "
"profesionalente escala rápidamente. Todo sin una fuerza de ventas!"
#. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para>
-#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:6962
+#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:6975
msgid ""
"OpenStax textbooks are all Attribution (CC BY) licensed, and each textbook "
"is available as a PDF, an e-book, or web pages. Those who want a physical "
"acerca de estos libros de texto y que promuevan su uso."
#. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para>
-#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:6971
+#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:6984
msgid ""
"Teachers are invited to try out a single chapter from one of the textbooks "
"with students. If that goes well, they’re encouraged to adopt the entire "
"adecúe a sus necesidades."
#. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para>
-#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:6979
+#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:6992
msgid ""
"Any teacher can post corrections, suggest examples for difficult concepts, "
"or volunteer as an editor or author. As many teachers also want supplemental "
"clave, y más."
#. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para><footnote><para>
-#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:6990
+#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:7003
msgid "<ulink url=\"http://openstax.org/adopters\"/>"
msgstr "<ulink url=\"http://openstax.org/adopters\"/>"
#. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para>
-#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:6986
+#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:6999
msgid ""
"Institutions can stand out by offering students a lower-cost education "
"through the use of OpenStax textbooks; there’s even a textbook-savings "
"sus libros de texto.<placeholder type=\"footnote\" id=\"0\"/>"
#. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para>
-#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:6993
+#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:7006
msgid ""
"Unlike traditional publishers’ monolithic approach of controlling "
"intellectual property, distribution, and so many other aspects, OpenStax has "
"red extensiva de asociados."
#. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para>
-#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:6999
+#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:7012
msgid ""
"Up-front funding of a professionally produced all-color turnkey textbook is "
"expensive. For this part of their model, OpenStax relies on philanthropy. "
"inversión filantrópica."
#. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para>
-#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:7010
+#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:7023
msgid ""
"However, ongoing operations will not rely on foundation grants but instead "
"on funds received through an ecosystem of over forty partners, whereby a "
"disponibles a los alumnos por una cuota."
#. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para>
-#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:7020
+#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:7033
msgid ""
"Another example is Odigia, who has turned OpenStax books into interactive "
"learning experiences and created additional tools to measure and promote "
"Introducción a la Sociología 2da Ed, usando estos fondos."
#. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para>
-#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:7030
+#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:7043
msgid ""
"In David’s view, this approach lets the market operate at peak efficiency. "
"OpenStax’s partners don’t have to worry about developing textbook content, "
"fuerza de ventas; sus participantes estan afuera mostrando sus materiales."
#. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para>
-#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:7042
+#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:7055
msgid ""
"OpenStax’s cost of sales to acquire a single student is very, very low and "
"is a fraction of what traditional players in the market face. This year, "
"compartir estos hallazgos con la comunidad."
#. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para>
-#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:7050
+#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:7063
msgid ""
"While OpenStax books are available online for free, many students still want "
"a print copy. Through a partnership with a print and courier company, "
"corrientes."
#. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para>
-#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:7060
+#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:7073
msgid ""
"Campus-based bookstores are part of the OpenStax solution. OpenStax "
"collaborates with NACSCORP (the National Association of College Stores "
"impresos es prácticamente del cien por ciento."
#. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para>
-#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:7073
+#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:7086
msgid ""
"David thinks of the OpenStax model as <quote>OER 2.0.</quote> So what is OER "
"1.0? Historically in the OER field, many OER initiatives have been locally "
"restitución sobre una escala de tiempo que sea razonable."
#. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para>
-#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:7081
+#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:7094
msgid ""
"OER 2.0 is about OER intended to be used and adopted on a national level "
"right from the start. This requires a bigger investment up front but pays "
"cero, un buen ejemplo es su libro de biología."
#. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para>
-#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:7094
+#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:7107
msgid ""
"The process is similar for both models. First they look at the scope and "
"sequence of existing textbooks. They ask questions like what does the "
"muy laborioso."
#. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para>
-#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:7112
+#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:7125
msgid ""
"All the people involved in this process are paid. OpenStax does not rely on "
"volunteers. Writers, reviewers, illustrators, and editors are all paid an up-"
"por adelantado."
#. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para>
-#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:7122
+#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:7135
msgid ""
"David thinks of the Attribution license (CC BY) as the <quote>innovation "
"license.</quote> It’s core to the mission of OpenStax, letting people use "
"da a los profesore el control y libertad académica."
#. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para>
-#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:7132
+#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:7145
msgid ""
"Using CC BY is also a good example of using strategies that traditional "
"publishers can’t. Traditional publishers rely on copyright to prevent others "
"compromiso y toma ventaja de las ineficiencias del mercado tradicional."
#. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para>
-#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:7142
+#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:7155
msgid ""
"As of September 16, 2016, OpenStax has achieved some impressive results. "
"From the OpenStax at a Glance fact sheet from their recent press kit:"
"vistazo</quote> de su reciente material para la prensa:"
#. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><itemizedlist><listitem><para>
-#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:7149
+#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:7162
msgid "Books published: 23"
msgstr "Libros publicados: 23"
#. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><itemizedlist><listitem><para>
-#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:7154
+#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:7167
msgid "Students who have used OpenStax: 1.6 million"
msgstr "Estudiantes que han usado OpenStax: 1.6 millones"
#. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><itemizedlist><listitem><para>
-#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:7159
+#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:7172
msgid "Money saved for students: $155 million"
msgstr "Dinero ahorrado por los estudiantes: $ 155 millones"
#. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><itemizedlist><listitem><para>
-#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:7164
+#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:7177
msgid "Money saved for students in the 2016/17 academic year: $77 million"
msgstr ""
"Dinero ahorrado por los estudiantes en el ciclo académico 2016-17: $77 "
"millones"
#. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><itemizedlist><listitem><para>
-#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:7170
+#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:7183
msgid ""
"Schools that have used OpenStax: 2,668 (This number reflects all "
"institutions using at least one OpenStax textbook. Out of 2,668 schools, 517 "
"años y universidades, y 344 colegios y universidades fuera de los E.U.A.)"
#. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para>
-#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:7179
+#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:7192
msgid ""
"While OpenStax has to date been focused on the United States, there is "
"overseas adoption especially in the science, technology, engineering, and "
"internacional."
#. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para>
-#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:7186
+#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:7199
msgid ""
"OpenStax has primarily focused on introductory-level college courses where "
"there is high enrollment, but they are starting to think about verticals—a "
"carrera de enfermería, por ejemplo."
#. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para>
-#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:7194
+#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:7207
msgid ""
"Finally, for OpenStax success is not just about the adoption of their "
"textbooks and student savings. There is a human aspect to the work that is "
"alcanzarla."
#. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><title>
-#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:7207
+#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:7220
msgid "Amanda Palmer"
msgstr "Amanda Palmer"
#. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><blockquote><para>
-#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:7210
+#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:7223
msgid "Amanda Palmer is a musician, artist, and writer. Based in the U.S."
msgstr "Amanda Palmer es música, artista, y escritora. Vive en los E.U.A."
#. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><blockquote><para>
-#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:7214
+#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:7227
msgid "<ulink url=\"http://amandapalmer.net\"/>"
msgstr "<ulink url=\"http://amandapalmer.net\"/>"
#. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><blockquote><para>
-#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:7216
+#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:7229
msgid ""
"<emphasis role=\"strong\">Revenue model</emphasis>: crowdfunding "
"(subscription-based), pay-what-you-want, charging for physical copies (book "
"(performances), venta de mercancia"
#. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><blockquote><para>
-#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:7221
+#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:7234
msgid "<emphasis role=\"strong\">Interview date</emphasis>: December 15, 2015"
msgstr ""
"<emphasis role=\"strong\">Fecha de la entrevista</emphasis>: 15 de "
"diciembre, 2015"
#. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para><footnote><para>
-#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:7232
+#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:7245
msgid ""
"<ulink url=\"http://www.forbes.com/sites/zackomalleygreenburg/2015/04/16/"
"amanda-palmer-uncut-the-kickstarter-queen-on-spotify-patreon-and-taylor-"
"swift/#44e20ce46d67\"/>"
#. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para>
-#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:7229
+#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:7242
msgid ""
"Since the beginning of her career, Amanda Palmer has been on what she calls "
"a <quote>journey with no roadmap,</quote> continually experimenting to find "
msgstr ""
"Desde el principio de su carrera, Amanda Palmer ha estado en lo que ella "
"llama <quote>un viaje sin mapa</quote>, continuamente experimentando para "
-"encontrar nuevas vias de continuar su trabajo creativo.<placeholder type=\""
-"footnote\" id=\"0\"/>"
+"encontrar nuevas vias de continuar su trabajo creativo.<placeholder type="
+"\"footnote\" id=\"0\"/>"
#. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para>
-#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:7235
+#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:7248
msgid ""
"In her best-selling book, The Art of Asking, Amanda articulates exactly what "
"she has been and continues to strive for—<quote>the ideal sweet spot . . . "
"haciendolo.</quote>"
#. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para>
-#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:7242
+#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:7255
msgid ""
"While she seems to have successfully found that sweet spot for herself, "
"Amanda is the first to acknowledge there is no silver bullet. She thinks the "
"comida de tal manera que puedan seguir haciendo arte.</quote>"
#. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para>
-#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:7251
+#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:7264
msgid ""
"Amanda began her artistic career as a street performer. She would dress up "
"in an antique wedding gown, paint her face white, stand on a stack of milk "
"manera que pudiera seguir haciendo arte.</quote>"
#. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para>
-#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:7265
+#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:7278
msgid ""
"Amanda has come a long way from her street-performing days, but her career "
"remains dominated by that same sentiment—finding ways to reach <quote>her "
"nunca fué lo que Amanda y the Dresden Dolls querían hacer."
#. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para>
-#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:7276
+#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:7289
msgid ""
"After leaving the record label in 2008, she began experimenting with "
"different ways to make a living. She released music directly to the public "
"kickstarter más exitosos de todos los tiempos."
#. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para>
-#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:7288
+#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:7301
msgid ""
"Today, Amanda has switched gears away from crowdfunding for specific "
"projects to instead getting consistent financial support from her fan base "
"a los artistas obtener donaciones recurrentes de sus fans. Más de ocho mil "
"personas han firmando parar apoyarla de manera que pueda crear música, arte, "
"y cualquier otra <quote>cosa</quote> creativa que ella este inspirada a "
-"hacer. Los compromisos de patrocinio recurrente son hechos <quote>por "
-"cosa</quote>. Todo el contenido que ella crea se hace disponible sin costo "
-"bajo la licencia Attribution-NonCommercial-ShareAlike (CC BY-NC-SA)."
+"hacer. Los compromisos de patrocinio recurrente son hechos <quote>por cosa</"
+"quote>. Todo el contenido que ella crea se hace disponible sin costo bajo la "
+"licencia Attribution-NonCommercial-ShareAlike (CC BY-NC-SA)."
#. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para>
-#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:7300
+#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:7313
msgid ""
"Making her music and art available under Creative Commons licensing "
"undoubtedly limits her options for how she makes a living. But sharing her "
"licencias NonCommercial fueron como hechas a la medida."
#. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para>
-#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:7318
+#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:7331
msgid ""
"Amanda embraces the way her fans share and build upon her music. In The Art "
"of Asking, she wrote that some of her fans’ unofficial videos using her "
"got into this because we wanted to share the joy of music,</quote> she said."
msgstr ""
"Amanda acepta las vias en que sus fans comparten y construyen a partir de su "
-"música. En su libro, El arte de preguntar (<emphasis>The Art of "
-"Asking</emphasis>), escribió que algunos de los videos no oficilaes de sus "
-"fans usando su música sobrepasan en canttidad de vistas a los videos "
-"oficiales en YouTube. En vez de ver esto como una competencia, Amanda lo "
-"celebra. <quote>Nos metimos en esto porque queríamos compartir el disfrute "
-"de la música</quote>, dijo."
+"música. En su libro, El arte de preguntar (<emphasis>The Art of Asking</"
+"emphasis>), escribió que algunos de los videos no oficilaes de sus fans "
+"usando su música sobrepasan en canttidad de vistas a los videos oficiales en "
+"YouTube. En vez de ver esto como una competencia, Amanda lo celebra. "
+"<quote>Nos metimos en esto porque queríamos compartir el disfrute de la "
+"música</quote>, dijo."
#. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para>
-#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:7326
+#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:7339
msgid ""
"This is symbolic of how nearly everything she does in her career is "
"motivated by a desire to connect with her fans. At the start of her career, "
"Asking."
#. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para>
-#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:7336
+#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:7349
msgid ""
"Even though her fan base is now huge and global, she continues to seek this "
"sort of human connection with her fans. She seeks out face-to-face contact "
"inmediato es una habilidad por sí misma,</quote> escribió Amanda."
#. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para>
-#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:7348
+#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:7361
msgid ""
"Another part of the connection fans feel with Amanda is how much they know "
"about her life. Rather than trying to craft a public persona or image, she "
"después de un espectáculo, ellos pueden sentir legitimamente que la conocen."
#. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para>
-#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:7357
+#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:7370
msgid ""
"<quote>With social media, we’re so concerned with the picture looking "
"palatable and consumable that we forget that being human and showing the "
"que el riesgo de hacerte vulnerable casi siempre vale la pena</quote>."
#. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para>
-#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:7366
+#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:7379
msgid ""
"Not only does she disclose intimate details of her life to them, she sleeps "
"on their couches, listens to their stories, cries with them. In short, she "
"haces con los amigos—compartes."
#. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para>
-#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:7376
+#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:7389
msgid ""
"After years of investing time and energy into building trust with her fans, "
"she has a strong enough relationship with them to ask for support—through "
"Personas que se sienten involucradas en su éxito."
#. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para>
-#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:7385
+#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:7398
msgid ""
"<quote>When you openly, radically trust people, they not only take care of "
"you, they become your allies, your family,</quote> she wrote. There really "
"de pertenencia a su <quote>pequeña y rara familia</quote>."
#. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para>
-#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:7393
+#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:7406
msgid ""
"This sort of intimacy with fans is not possible or even desirable for every "
"creator. <quote>I don’t take for granted that I happen to be the type of "
"energía en una forma que sea placentera para ti</quote>."
#. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para>
-#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:7403
+#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:7416
msgid ""
"Yet while Amanda joyfully interacts with her fans and involves them in her "
"work as much as possible, she does keep one job primarily to herself—writing "
"Comineza con el arte y entonces el nexo se fortalece con la conexión humana."
#. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para>
-#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:7416
+#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:7429
msgid ""
"For Amanda, the entire point of being an artist is to establish and maintain "
"this connection. <quote>It sounds so corny,</quote> she said, <quote>but my "
msgstr ""
"Para Amanda, el punto de ser una artista es establecer y mantener esta "
"conexión. <quote>Suena muy cursi</quote>, dice ella,<quote>pero mi "
-"experiencia en cuarenta años en este planeta me ha señalado una verdad obvia:"
-" que las conexiones con otros seres humanos se siente mucho mejor y es más "
-"satisfactoria que acercarse al arte a través de la óptica capitalista. No "
-"hay meta más satisfactoria que tener alguien que te diga que lo que hace es "
-"genuinamente valioso para ellos</quote>."
+"experiencia en cuarenta años en este planeta me ha señalado una verdad "
+"obvia: que las conexiones con otros seres humanos se siente mucho mejor y es "
+"más satisfactoria que acercarse al arte a través de la óptica capitalista. "
+"No hay meta más satisfactoria que tener alguien que te diga que lo que hace "
+"es genuinamente valioso para ellos</quote>."
#. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para>
-#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:7426
+#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:7439
msgid ""
"As she explains it, when a fan gives her a ten-dollar bill, usually what "
"they are saying is that the money symbolizes some deeper value the music "
"a la gente a ayudarla, los deja hacer."
#. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><title>
-#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:7437
+#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:7450
msgid "PLOS (Public Library of Science)"
msgstr "PLOS (Biblioteca pública de ciencia)"
#. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><blockquote><para>
-#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:7440
+#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:7453
msgid ""
"PLOS (Public Library of Science) is a nonprofit that publishes a library of "
"academic journals and other scientific literature. Founded in 2000 in the U."
"y otra literatura científica. Fundada en el 2000 en los E.U.A."
#. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><blockquote><para>
-#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:7445
+#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:7458
msgid "<ulink url=\"http://plos.org\"/>"
msgstr "<ulink url=\"http://plos.org\"/>"
#. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><blockquote><para>
-#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:7447
+#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:7460
msgid ""
"<emphasis role=\"strong\">Revenue model</emphasis>: charging content "
"creators an author processing charge to be featured in the journal"
"en la revista"
#. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><blockquote><para>
-#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:7451
+#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:7464
msgid "<emphasis role=\"strong\">Interview date</emphasis>: March 7, 2016"
msgstr ""
"<emphasis role=\"strong\">Fecha de la entrevista</emphasis>: 7 de marzo, 2016"
#. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><blockquote><para>
-#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:7453
+#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:7466
msgid ""
"<emphasis role=\"strong\">Interviewee</emphasis>: Louise Page, publisher"
msgstr "<emphasis role=\"strong\">Entrevistado</emphasis>: Louise Page, Editor"
#. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para>
-#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:7461
+#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:7474
msgid ""
"The Public Library of Science (PLOS) began in 2000 when three leading "
"scientists—Harold E. Varmus, Patrick O. Brown, and Michael Eisen—started an "
"Attribution (CC BY)."
#. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para>
-#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:7475
+#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:7488
msgid ""
"Traditionally, academic publishing begins with an author submitting a "
"manuscript to a publisher. After in-house technical and ethical "
"quieran leer la revista especializada o un artículo."
#. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para>
-#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:7486
+#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:7499
msgid ""
"For Louise Page, the current publisher of PLOS, this traditional model "
"results in inequity. Access is restricted to those who can pay. Most "
"la investigación y avance del campo. Era tiempo para un nuevo modelo."
#. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para>
-#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:7498
+#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:7511
msgid ""
"That new model became known as open access. That is, free and open "
"availability on the Internet. Open-access research articles are not behind a "
"publicación."
#. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para>
-#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:7510
+#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:7523
msgid ""
"However, open access requires rethinking the business model of research "
"publication. Rather than charge a subscription fee to access the journal, "
"logitud de palabras, figuras, u otros elementos."
#. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para>
-#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:7522
+#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:7535
msgid ""
"Calculating the article-processing charge involves taking all the costs "
"associated with publishing the journal and determining a cost per article "
"comenzó en 2006, son debajo de los $1,500."
#. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para>
-#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:7531
+#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:7544
msgid ""
"PLOS believes that lack of funds should not be a barrier to publication. "
"Since its inception, PLOS has provided fee support for individuals and "
"procesamiento por artículo."
#. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para>
-#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:7537
+#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:7550
msgid ""
"Louise identifies marketing as one area of big difference between PLOS and "
"traditional journal publishers. Traditional journals have to invest heavily "
"su trabajo para publicación."
#. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para>
-#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:7554
+#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:7567
msgid ""
"For Louise, PLOS would not exist without the Attribution license (CC BY). "
"This makes it very clear what rights are associated with the content and "
"cómo debería ser publicado y difundido el contenido de investigación."
#. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para>
-#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:7562
+#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:7575
msgid ""
"PLOS also has a broad open-data policy. To get their research paper "
"published, PLOS authors must also make their data available in a public "
"disponibilidad de datos."
#. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para>
-#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:7567
+#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:7580
msgid ""
"Business-operation costs associated with the open-access model still largely "
"follow the existing publishing model. PLOS journals are online only, but the "
"opciones en donde publicar."
#. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para>
-#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:7576
+#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:7589
msgid ""
"Researchers are influenced by journal rankings, which reflect the place of a "
"journal within its field, the relative difficulty of being published in that "
"incluso cuando ellas son relativamente nuevas."
#. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para>
-#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:7582
+#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:7595
msgid ""
"The promotion and tenure of researchers are partially based how many times "
"other researchers cite their articles. Louise says when researchers want to "
"generan más descubrimientos y citas a los autores."
#. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para>
-#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:7591
+#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:7604
msgid ""
"Louise believes that open access has been a huge success, progressing from a "
"movement led by a small cadre of researchers to something that is now "
"de acceso abierto inicial, o que cualquiera."
#. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para>
-#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:7599
+#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:7612
msgid ""
"PLOS further disrupted the traditional journal-publishing model by "
"pioneering the concept of a megajournal. The PLOS ONE megajournal, launched "
"lo referente a la ciencia."
#. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para>
-#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:7623
+#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:7636
msgid ""
"Louise outlined some other aspects of the research-journal business model "
"PLOS is experimenting with, describing each as a kind of slider that could "
"cambiar la práctica actual."
#. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para>
-#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:7628
+#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:7641
msgid ""
"One slider is time to publication. Time to publication may shorten as "
"journals get better at providing quicker decisions to authors. However, "
"más tiempo requerirá inevitablemente el tiempo de aprobación."
#. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para>
-#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:7635
+#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:7648
msgid ""
"Peer review is another part of the process that could change. It’s possible "
"to redefine what peer review actually is, when to review, and what "
"limitados al autor y la editorial."
#. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para>
-#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:7647
+#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:7660
msgid ""
"Louise says research with negative outcomes is almost as important as "
"positive results. If journals published more research with negative "
"de la investigación se reinventa alrededor del mundo."
#. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para>
-#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:7654
+#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:7667
msgid ""
"Another adjustable practice is the sharing of articles at early preprint "
"stages. Publication of research in a peer-reviewed journal can take a long "
"los investigadores no tienen mucho tiempo para comentar los preprints."
#. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para>
-#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:7672
+#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:7685
msgid ""
"What constitutes a journal article could also change. The idea of a research "
"article as printed, bound, and in a library stack is outdated. Digital and "
"transformaciones."
#. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para><footnote><para>
-#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:7686
+#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:7699
msgid "<ulink url=\"http://collections.plos.org\"/>"
msgstr "<ulink url=\"http://collections.plos.org\"/>"
#. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para><footnote><para>
-#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:7690
+#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:7703
msgid "<ulink url=\"http://plos.org/article-level-metrics\"/>"
msgstr "<ulink url=\"http://plos.org/article-level-metrics\"/>"
#. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para>
-#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:7682
+#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:7695
msgid ""
"As journals scale up, and new journals are introduced, more and more "
"information is being pushed out to readers, making the experience feel like "
"los lectores para comunicarse con los autores."
#. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para>
-#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:7695
+#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:7708
msgid ""
"The big picture for PLOS going forward is to combine and adjust these "
"experimental practices in ways that continue to improve accessibility and "
"experimentación."
#. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para>
-#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:7705
+#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:7718
msgid ""
"For PLOS, success is not about revenue. Success is about proving that "
"scientific research can be communicated rapidly and economically at scale, "
"135,000 articulos de calidad para su lectura sin costo."
#. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para>
-#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:7715
+#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:7728
msgid ""
"Ultimately, for PLOS, its authors, and its readers, success is about making "
"research discoverable, available, and reproducible for the advancement of "
"reproducible para el avance de la ciencia."
#. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><title>
-#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:7721
+#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:7734
msgid "Rijksmuseum"
msgstr "Rijksmuseum"
#. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><blockquote><para>
-#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:7724
+#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:7737
msgid ""
"The Rijksmuseum is a Dutch national museum dedicated to art and history. "
"Founded in 1800 in the Netherlands"
"historia. Fundado en 1800 en Holanda (Países Bajos)"
#. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><blockquote><para>
-#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:7728
+#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:7741
msgid "<ulink url=\"http://www.rijksmuseum.nl\"/>"
msgstr "<ulink url=\"http://www.rijksmuseum.nl\"/>"
#. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><blockquote><para>
-#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:7730
+#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:7743
msgid ""
"<emphasis role=\"strong\">Revenue model</emphasis>: grants and government "
"funding, charging for in-person version (museum admission), selling "
"museo), venta de mercancía"
#. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><blockquote><para>
-#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:7734
+#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:7747
msgid "<emphasis role=\"strong\">Interview date</emphasis>: December 11, 2015"
msgstr ""
"<emphasis role=\"strong\">Fecha de la entrevista</emphasis>: 11 de "
"diciembre, 2015"
#. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><blockquote><para>
-#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:7737
+#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:7750
msgid ""
"<emphasis role=\"strong\">Interviewee</emphasis>: Lizzy Jongma, the data "
"manager of the collections information department"
"Datos del Departamento de Información sobre Colecciones"
#. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para>
-#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:7745
+#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:7758
msgid ""
"The Rijksmuseum, a national museum in the Netherlands dedicated to art and "
"history, has been housed in its current building since 1885. The monumental "
"modelo para el museo, más abierto."
#. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para>
-#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:7761
+#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:7774
msgid ""
"By the time Lizzy Jongma joined the Rijksmuseum in 2011 as a data manager, "
"staff were fed up with the situation the museum was in. They also realized "
"un catálogo de fichas de toda la colección en línea."
#. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para>
-#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:7775
+#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:7788
msgid ""
"It was effective but a bit boring. It was just data. A hackathon they were "
"invited to got them to start talking about events like that as having "
"toda la colección en línea?"
#. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para><footnote><para>
-#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:7786
+#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:7799
msgid "<ulink url=\"http://www.europeana.eu/portal/en\"/>"
msgstr "<ulink url=\"http://www.europeana.eu/portal/en\"/>"
#. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para>
-#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:7784
+#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:7797
msgid ""
"Then, Lizzy says, Europeana came along. Europeana is Europe’s digital "
"library, museum, and archive for cultural heritage.<placeholder type="
"aún más discusiones sobre si el Rijksmuseum debería seguir el ejemplo."
#. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para>
-#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:7798
+#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:7811
msgid ""
"They realized that they don’t <quote>own</quote> the collection and couldn’t "
"realistically monitor and enforce compliance with the restrictive licensing "
"Se dieron cuenta de que ellos no son los <quote>dueños</quote> de la "
"colección y que no podían de manera realista controlar y regular el "
"cumplimiento de los términos restrictivos de licenciamiento que habían "
-"elaborado. Por ejemplo, muchas copias y versiones de la Lechera de Vermeer ("
-"parte de su colección) ya estaban en línea, muchas de ellas con una calidad "
+"elaborado. Por ejemplo, muchas copias y versiones de la Lechera de Vermeer "
+"(parte de su colección) ya estaban en línea, muchas de ellas con una calidad "
"muy pobre. Podían perder tiempo y dinero monitoreando su uso, pero eso "
"probablemente sería fútil y no haría que la gente dejara de utilizar sus "
"imágenes. Terminaron pensando que en última instancia es una pérdida de "
"eran los niños en edad escolar."
#. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para>
-#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:7811
+#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:7824
msgid ""
"In 2011 the Rijksmuseum began making their digital photos of works known to "
"be free of copyright available online, using Creative Commons CC0 to place "
"hacer."
#. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para>
-#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:7825
+#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:7838
msgid ""
"In 2013 the Rijksmuseum changed its business model. They Creative Commons "
"licensed their highest-quality images and released them online for free. "
"objetivo de eventualmente tener toda la colección en Internet."
#. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para>
-#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:7836
+#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:7849
msgid ""
"Releasing these high-quality images for free reduced the number of poor-"
"quality images that were proliferating. The high-quality image of Vermeer’s "
"que la gente quiere verla en la vida real visitando de hecho el museo real."
#. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para>
-#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:7851
+#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:7864
msgid ""
"Every museum tends to be driven by the number of physical visitors. The "
"Rijksmuseum is primarily publicly funded, receiving roughly 70 percent of "
"una forma de generar ingresos, incluso para el Rijksmuseum."
#. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para>
-#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:7859
+#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:7872
msgid ""
"As museums create a digital presence for themselves and put up digital "
"representations of their collection online, there’s frequently a worry that "
"proviene la imagen y esto incrementa la visibilidad del Museo."
#. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para><footnote><para>
-#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:7879
+#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:7892
msgid "<ulink url=\"http://www.rijksmuseum.nl/en/rijksstudio\"/>"
msgstr "<ulink url=\"http://www.rijksmuseum.nl/en/rijksstudio\"/>"
#. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para>
-#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:7873
+#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:7886
msgid ""
"In 2011 the Rijksmuseum received €1 million from the Dutch lottery to create "
"a new web presence that would be different from any other museum’s. In "
"<placeholder type=\"footnote\" id=\"0\"/>"
#. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para>
-#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:7882
+#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:7895
msgid ""
"The Rijksstudio gives users access to over two hundred thousand high-quality "
"digital representations of masterworks from the collection. Users can zoom "
"comerciales."
#. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para>
-#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:7893
+#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:7906
msgid ""
"Users have created over 276,000 Rijksstudios, generating their own themed "
"virtual exhibitions on a wide variety of topics ranging from tapestries to "
"escolares."
#. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para>
-#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:7900
+#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:7913
msgid ""
"Some contemporary artists who have works in the Rijksmuseum collection "
"contacted them to ask why their works were not included in the Rijksstudio. "
"público, pero dentro de los límites establecidos por los artistas."
#. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para><footnote><para>
-#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:7920
+#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:7933
msgid ""
"<ulink url=\"http://www.etsy.com/ca/listing/175696771/fringe-kimono-silk-"
"kimono-kimono-robe\"/>"
"kimono-kimono-robe\"/>"
#. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para>
-#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:7911
+#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:7924
msgid ""
"The Rijksmuseum believes that art stimulates entrepreneurial activity. The "
"line between creative and commercial can be blurry. As Lizzy says, even "
"\"El cisne amenazado\".<placeholder type=\"footnote\" id=\"0\"/>"
#. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para><footnote><para>
-#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:7924
+#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:7937
msgid ""
"<ulink url=\"http://www.rijksmuseum.nl/en/rijksstudio-award\"/>; the 2014 "
"award: <ulink url=\"http://www.rijksmuseum.nl/en/rijksstudio-award-2014\"/>; "
"award-2015\"/>"
#. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para><footnote><para>
-#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:7936
+#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:7949
msgid ""
"<ulink url=\"http://www.rijksmuseum.nl/nl/rijksstudio/142328--nominees-"
"rijksstudio-award/creaties/ba595afe-452d-46bd-9c8c-48dcbdd7f0a4\"/>"
"rijksstudio-award/creaties/ba595afe-452d-46bd-9c8c-48dcbdd7f0a4\"/>"
#. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para>
-#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:7923
+#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:7936
msgid ""
"In 2013 the Rijksmuseum organized their first high-profile design "
"competition, known as the Rijksstudio Award.<placeholder type=\"footnote\" "
"del Premio Rijksstudio comenzó en septiembre de 2016."
#. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para>
-#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:7942
+#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:7955
msgid ""
"For the next iteration of the Rijksstudio, the Rijksmuseum is considering an "
"upload tool, for people to upload their own works of art, and enhanced "
"usuarios puedan interactuar más entre sí."
#. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para>
-#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:7948
+#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:7961
msgid ""
"Going with a more open business model generated lots of publicity for the "
"Rijksmuseum. They were one of the first museums to open up their collection "
"mil visitas."
#. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para>
-#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:7957
+#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:7970
msgid ""
"The Rijksmuseum has been experimenting with other ways to invite the public "
"to look at and interact with their collection. On an international day "
"pintura."
#. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para>
-#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:7970
+#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:7983
msgid ""
"For the Rijksmuseum, adopting an open business model was scary. They came "
"up with many worst-case scenarios, imagining all kinds of awful things "
"acompañarte y ayudarte</quote>."
#. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><title>
-#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:7990
+#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:8003
msgid "Shareable"
msgstr "Shareable"
#. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><blockquote><para>
-#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:7993
+#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:8006
msgid ""
"Shareable is an online magazine about sharing. Founded in 2009 in the U.S."
msgstr ""
"los E.U.A."
#. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><blockquote><para>
-#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:7997
+#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:8010
msgid "<ulink url=\"http://www.shareable.net\"/>"
msgstr "<ulink url=\"http://www.shareable.net\"/>"
#. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><blockquote><para>
-#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:7999
+#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:8012
msgid ""
"<emphasis role=\"strong\">Revenue model</emphasis>: grant funding, "
"crowdfunding (project-based), donations, sponsorships"
"financiamiento comunitario ( basado en proyectos), donaciones, patrocinios"
#. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><blockquote><para>
-#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:8002
+#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:8015
msgid "<emphasis role=\"strong\">Interview date</emphasis>: February 24, 2016"
msgstr ""
"<emphasis role=\"strong\">Fecha de la entrevista</emphasis>: 24 de febrero, "
"2016"
#. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><blockquote><para>
-#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:8005
+#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:8018
msgid ""
"<emphasis role=\"strong\">Interviewee</emphasis>: Neal Gorenflo, cofounder "
"and executive editor"
"y editor ejecutivo"
#. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para>
-#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:8013
+#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:8026
msgid ""
"In 2013, Shareable faced an impasse. The nonprofit online publication had "
"helped start a sharing movement four years prior, but over time, they "
"mantenerse fiel a sus principios."
#. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para>
-#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:8024
+#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:8037
msgid ""
"As an organization, Shareable decided to draw a line in the sand. In 2013, "
"the cofounder and executive editor Neal Gorenflo wrote an opinion piece in "
"software de código abierto, presupuesto participativo (donde los ciudadanos "
"deciden cómo un presupuesto público es gastado), cooperativas, y más. "
"Escribió, <quote>No es tanto de que el consumo colaborativo esté muerto, es "
-"más acerca del riesgo de morir mientras es absorbido por los "
-"<quote>Borg</quote>.</quote>"
+"más acerca del riesgo de morir mientras es absorbido por los <quote>Borg</"
+"quote>.</quote>"
#. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para>
-#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:8036
+#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:8049
msgid ""
"Neal said their public critique of the corporate sharing economy defined "
"what Shareable was and is. He does not think the magazine would still be "
"estan recibiendo ahora.</quote>"
#. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para>
-#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:8046
+#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:8059
msgid ""
"Interestingly, impassioned supporters are only a small sliver of Shareable’s "
"total audience. Most are casual readers who come across a Shareable story "
"y continuó ganando audiencia."
#. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para>
-#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:8057
+#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:8070
msgid ""
"Shareable is a magazine, but the content they publish is a means to "
"furthering their role as a leader and catalyst of a movement. Shareable "
"calentamiento global."
#. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para>
-#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:8069
+#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:8082
msgid ""
"They have worked hard to find ways to tell stories that show different "
"metrics for success. <quote>We wanted to change the notion of what "
"sus lectores a realizar cambios en sus propias vidas y comunidades."
#. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para>
-#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:8081
+#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:8094
msgid ""
"More than half of Shareable’s stories are written by paid journalists that "
"are contracted by the magazine. <quote>Particularly in content areas that "
"parte del contenido creado por la red es licenciado con Creative Commons."
#. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para>
-#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:8096
+#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:8109
msgid ""
"All of Shareable’s original content is published under the Attribution "
"license (CC BY), meaning it can be used for any purpose as long as credit is "
"nuestras.</quote>"
#. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para>
-#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:8111
+#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:8124
msgid ""
"In addition to their regular news and commentary online, Shareable has also "
"experimented with book publishing. In 2012, they worked with a traditional "
"web."
#. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para>
-#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:8121
+#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:8134
msgid ""
"In 2016, Shareable self-published a book of curated Shareable stories called "
"How to: Share, Save Money and Have Fun. The book was available for sale, but "
"siguientes campañas de recaudación de fondos."
#. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para>
-#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:8128
+#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:8141
msgid ""
"This recent book is one of many fund-raising experiments Shareable has "
"conducted in recent years. Currently, Shareable is primarily funded by "
"comunidad representará mejor su visión del mundo."
#. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para>
-#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:8138
+#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:8151
msgid ""
"For Shareable, success is very much about their impact on the world. This is "
"true for Neal, but also for everyone who works for Shareable. <quote>We "
"significa que los empleados trabajan tan duro que se agotan. Neal intenta "
"hacer hincapié al equipo de Shareable que otra parte del éxito es divertirse "
"y cuidarse mientras haces algo que te apasiona. <quote>Una parte central de "
-"ser humanos es que estamos en una gran aventura con gente a la que "
-"amamos</quote>, dijo. <quote>Somos una especie que mira sobre del horizonte "
-"e imagina crear nuevos mundos, pero también buscamos el calor del hogar y el "
+"ser humanos es que estamos en una gran aventura con gente a la que amamos</"
+"quote>, dijo. <quote>Somos una especie que mira sobre del horizonte e "
+"imagina crear nuevos mundos, pero también buscamos el calor del hogar y el "
"corazón</quote>."
#. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para>
-#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:8151
+#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:8164
msgid ""
"In 2013, Shareable ran its first crowdfunding campaign to launch their "
"Sharing Cities Network. Neal said at first they were on pace to fail "
"participantes fue gente de su base existente."
#. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para>
-#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:8161
+#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:8174
msgid ""
"For Neal, this symbolized how so much of success comes down to "
"relationships. Over time, Shareable has invested time and energy into the "
"recursos en construir relaciones entre sus lectores y seguidores."
#. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para>
-#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:8168
+#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:8181
msgid ""
"Shareable began hosting events in 2010. These events were designed to bring "
"the sharing community together. But over time they realized they could reach "
"implemente su red."
#. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para>
-#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:8185
+#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:8198
msgid ""
"Neal says Shareable stumbled upon this strategy, but it seems to perfectly "
"encapsulate just how the commons is supposed to work. Rather than a one-"
"sus propias comunidades."
#. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><title>
-#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:8193
+#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:8206
msgid "Siyavula"
msgstr "Siyavula"
#. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><blockquote><para>
-#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:8196
+#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:8209
msgid ""
"Siyavula is a for-profit educational-technology company that creates "
"textbooks and integrated learning experiences. Founded in 2012 in South "
"integra experiencias de aprendizaje. Fundada en 2012 en Sudafrica."
#. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><blockquote><para>
-#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:8201
+#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:8214
msgid "<ulink url=\"http://www.siyavula.com\"/>"
msgstr "<ulink url=\"http://www.siyavula.com\"/>"
#. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><blockquote><para>
-#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:8203
+#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:8216
msgid ""
"<emphasis role=\"strong\">Revenue model</emphasis>: charging for custom "
"services, sponsorships"
"servicios personalizados, patrocinios"
#. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><blockquote><para>
-#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:8206
+#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:8219
msgid "<emphasis role=\"strong\">Interview date</emphasis>: April 5, 2016"
msgstr ""
"<emphasis role=\"strong\">Fecha de la entrevista</emphasis>: 5 de abril, 2016"
#. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><blockquote><para>
-#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:8208
+#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:8221
msgid "<emphasis role=\"strong\">Interviewee</emphasis>: Mark Horner, CEO"
msgstr "<emphasis role=\"strong\">Entrevistado</emphasis>: Mark Horner, CEO"
#. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para>
-#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:8215
+#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:8228
msgid ""
"Openness is a key principle for Siyavula. They believe that every learner "
"and teacher should have access to high-quality educational resources, as "
"Sudáfrica."
#. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para>
-#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:8223
+#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:8236
msgid ""
"In terms of creating an open business model that involves Creative Commons, "
"Siyavula—and its founder, Mark Horner—have been around the block a few "
"sobrevivir y prosperar. Mark dice que ha sido muy orgánico."
#. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para>
-#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:8230
+#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:8243
msgid ""
"It all started in 2002, when Mark and several other colleagues at the "
"University of Cape Town in South Africa founded the Free High School Science "
"editarlos y ponerlos disponibles libremente."
#. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para><footnote><para>
-#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:8241
+#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:8254
msgid "<ulink url=\"http://www.gnu.org/licenses/fdl\"/>"
msgstr "<ulink url=\"http://www.gnu.org/licenses/fdl\"/>"
#. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para>
-#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:8238
+#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:8251
msgid ""
"As physicists, Mark and his colleagues were advocates of open-source "
"software. To make the books open and free, they adopted the Free Software "
"los grados 10 al 12."
#. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para>
-#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:8247
+#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:8260
msgid ""
"In 2007, the Shuttleworth Foundation offered funding support to make the "
"textbooks available for trial use at more schools. Surveys before and after "
"este logro."
#. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para>
-#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:8255
+#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:8268
msgid ""
"But the development of new textbooks froze at this stage. Mark shifted his "
"focus to rural schools, which didn’t have textbooks at all, and looked into "
"necesidades."
#. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para><footnote><para>
-#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:8265
+#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:8278
msgid "<ulink url=\"http://www.capetowndeclaration.org\"/>"
msgstr "<ulink url=\"http://www.capetowndeclaration.org\"/>"
#. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para>
-#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:8261
+#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:8274
msgid ""
"In 2007, Shuttleworth and the Open Society Institute convened a group of "
"open-education activists for a small but lively meeting in Cape Town. One "
"del K-12 en inglés. Ese proyecto se volvió Siyavula."
#. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para>
-#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:8270
+#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:8283
msgid ""
"They wrote six original textbooks. A small publishing company offered "
"Shuttleworth the option to buy out the publisher’s existing K–9 content for "
"mas allá de los seis libros iniciales."
#. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para>
-#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:8278
+#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:8291
msgid ""
"Mark wanted to build out the remaining curricula collaboratively through "
"communities of practice—that is, with fellow educators and writers. Although "
"esa manera estarían seguros para compartir y libres de repercusiones legales."
#. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para><footnote><para>
-#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:8297
+#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:8310
msgid "<ulink url=\"http://cnx.org\"/>"
msgstr "<ulink url=\"http://cnx.org\"/>"
#. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para>
-#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:8293
+#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:8306
msgid ""
"Not only did Mark want the resources to be shareable, he wanted all teachers "
"to be able to remix and edit the content. Mark and his team had to come up "
"probo ser demasiado complejo y los libros de texto rara vez fueron editados."
#. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para>
-#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:8301
+#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:8314
msgid ""
"Then the Shuttleworth Foundation decided to completely restructure its work "
"as a foundation into a fellowship model (for reasons completely unrelated to "
"un fellow de Shuttleworth."
#. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para>
-#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:8308
+#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:8321
msgid ""
"Mark and his team experimented with several different strategies. They "
"tried creating an authoring and hosting platform called Full Marks so that "
"funcionaron realmente."
#. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para>
-#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:8316
+#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:8329
msgid ""
"Then the South African government approached Siyavula with an interest in "
"printing out the original six Free High School Science Texts (math and "
"educativos abiertos, vieron esto como una gran oportunidad."
#. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para>
-#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:8324
+#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:8337
msgid ""
"They began to conceive of the six books as having massive marketing "
"potential for Siyavula. Printing Siyavula books for every kid in South "
"dispositivo—computadora, tableta, o teléfono móvil."
#. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para>
-#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:8333
+#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:8346
msgid ""
"Mark and his team began imagining what they could develop beyond what was in "
"the textbooks as a service they charge for. One key thing you can’t do well "
"dentro de los libros de texto abiertos."
#. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para>
-#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:8346
+#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:8359
msgid ""
"The costs for using Intelligent Practice were set very low, making it "
"accessible even to those with limited financial means. Siyavula was going "
"dirigido únicamente a la parte más alta del mercado."
#. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para>
-#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:8352
+#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:8365
msgid ""
"The government distributed the books to 1.5 million students, but there was "
"an unexpected wrinkle: the books were delivered late. Rather than wait, "
"involuntariamente se volvió los estudiantes de bajos ingresos."
#. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para>
-#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:8361
+#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:8374
msgid ""
"Siyavula’s site did see a dramatic increase in traffic. They got five "
"hundred thousand visitors per month to their math site and the same number "
"que estaban atendiendo."
#. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para>
-#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:8370
+#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:8383
msgid ""
"At first, the Intelligent Practice services could only be paid using a "
"credit card. This proved problematic, especially for those in the low-income "
"mercado, cuál es el precio, y que barreras para acceder hay."
#. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para>
-#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:8379
+#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:8392
msgid ""
"Mark describes this as the first version of Siyavula’s business model: open "
"textbooks serving as marketing material and driving traffic to your site, "
"servicio relacionado y convertir algunas personas en clientes de pago."
#. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para>
-#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:8385
+#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:8398
msgid ""
"For Mark a key decision for Siyavula’s business was to focus on how they can "
"add value on top of their basic service. They’ll charge only if they are "
"quienes cobran una y otra vez por el mismo contenido sin agregar valor."
#. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para>
-#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:8394
+#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:8407
msgid ""
"Version two of Siyavula’s business model was a big, ambitious idea—scale up. "
"They also decided to sell the Intelligent Practice service to schools "
"se suscriben."
#. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para>
-#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:8405
+#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:8418
msgid ""
"Teachers get a dashboard that allows them to monitor the progress of an "
"entire class or view an individual learner’s results. They can see the "
"desempeño."
#. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para>
-#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:8414
+#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:8427
msgid ""
"Based on the success of this effort, Siyavula decided to substantially "
"increase the production of open educational resources so they could provide "
"para los grados 4 al 6 y depués para los grados 7 al 9."
#. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para><footnote><para>
-#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:8425
+#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:8438
msgid "<ulink url=\"http://www.siyavula.com/products-primary-school.html\"/>"
msgstr "<ulink url=\"http://www.siyavula.com/products-primary-school.html\"/>"
#. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para>
-#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:8422
+#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:8435
msgid ""
"In partnership with, and sponsored by, the Sasol Inzalo Foundation, Siyavula "
"produced a series of natural sciences and technology workbooks for grades 4 "
"recursos."
#. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para>
-#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:8429
+#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:8442
msgid ""
"Through this experience, Siyavula learned they could get sponsors to help "
"fund openly licensed textbooks. It helped that Siyavula had by this time "
"en lobros distribuidos a más de un millon de estudiantes."
#. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para>
-#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:8439
+#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:8452
msgid ""
"The Siyavula books that are reviewed, approved, and branded by the "
"government are freely and openly available on Siyavula’s website under an "
"(CC BY), permitiendo a otros modificar y redistribuir los libros."
#. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para>
-#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:8447
+#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:8460
msgid ""
"Although the South African government paid to print and distribute hard "
"copies of the books to schoolkids, Siyavula itself received no funding from "
"menor en el país. Pero después de una larga negociación, el gobierno se negó."
#. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para>
-#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:8458
+#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:8471
msgid ""
"Using Siyavula books generated huge savings for the government. Providing "
"students with a traditionally published grade 12 science or math textbook "
"independientes del gobierno."
#. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para>
-#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:8468
+#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:8481
msgid ""
"Just as Siyavula was planning to scale up the production of open textbooks "
"even more, the South African government changed its textbook policy. To save "
"potenciales."
#. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para>
-#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:8476
+#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:8489
msgid ""
"Rather than producing more textbooks, Siyavula focused on improving its "
"Intelligent Practice technology for its existing books. Mark calls this "
"siendo el modelo que usa Siyavula actualmente."
#. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para>
-#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:8487
+#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:8500
msgid ""
"Mark says sales are way up, and they are really nailing Intelligent "
"Practice. Schools continue to use their open textbooks. The government-"
"conflictiva y está en el limbo."
#. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para>
-#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:8494
+#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:8507
msgid ""
"Siyavula is exploring a range of enhancements to their business model. These "
"include charging a small amount for assessment services provided over the "
"Intelligent Practice recolecta."
#. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para>
-#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:8502
+#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:8515
msgid ""
"Siyavula is a for-profit business but one with a social mission. Their "
"shareholders’ agreement lists lots of requirements around openness for "
"ambos, él y la compañía son más fuertes por eso."
#. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><title>
-#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:8518
+#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:8531
msgid "SparkFun"
msgstr "SparkFun"
#. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><blockquote><para>
-#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:8521
+#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:8534
msgid ""
"SparkFun is an online electronics retailer specializing in open hardware. "
"Founded in 2003 in the U.S."
"hardware abierto. Fundada en 2003 en Estados Unidos."
#. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><blockquote><para>
-#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:8525
+#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:8538
msgid "<ulink url=\"http://www.sparkfun.com\"/>"
msgstr "<ulink url=\"http://www.sparkfun.com\"/>"
#. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><blockquote><para>
-#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:8527
+#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:8540
msgid ""
"<emphasis role=\"strong\">Revenue model</emphasis>: charging for physical "
"copies (electronics sales)"
"físicas (ventas de componentes electrónicos)"
#. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><blockquote><para>
-#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:8530
+#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:8543
msgid "<emphasis role=\"strong\">Interview date</emphasis>: February 29, 2016"
msgstr ""
"<emphasis role=\"strong\">Fecha de la entrevista</emphasis>: 29 de febrero, "
"2016"
#. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><blockquote><para>
-#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:8533
+#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:8546
msgid ""
"<emphasis role=\"strong\">Interviewee</emphasis>: Nathan Seidle, founder"
msgstr ""
"<emphasis role=\"strong\">Entrevistado</emphasis>: Nathan Seidle, fundador"
#. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para>
-#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:8541
+#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:8554
msgid ""
"SparkFun founder and former CEO Nathan Seidle has a picture of himself "
"holding up a clone of a SparkFun product in an electronics market in China, "
"hecha por alguien más. Su reacción fue de júbilo."
#. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para>
-#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:8547
+#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:8560
msgid ""
"<quote>Being copied is the greatest earmark of flattery and success,</quote> "
"Nathan said. <quote>I thought it was so cool that they were selling to a "
"nuestro impacto en el mundo.</quote>"
#. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para>
-#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:8553
+#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:8566
msgid ""
"This worldview runs through everything SparkFun does. SparkFun is an "
"electronics manufacturer. The company sells its products directly to the "
"por su cuenta. Ser copiados es parte del diseño."
#. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para>
-#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:8562
+#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:8575
msgid ""
"Nathan believes open licensing is good for the world. <quote>It touches on "
"our natural human instinct to share,</quote> he said. But he also strongly "
"se considera como su propiedad intelectual."
#. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para>
-#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:8571
+#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:8584
msgid ""
"<quote>We compete on business principles,</quote> Nathan said. "
"<quote>Claiming your territory with intellectual property allows you to get "
"Nosotros quitamos esa red de seguridad.</quote>"
#. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para>
-#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:8577
+#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:8590
msgid ""
"The result is an intense company-wide focus on product development and "
"improvement. <quote>Our products are so much better than they were five "
"productos. Ahora es un producto mas un vídeo, diecisiete páginas como guía "
"de conexiones, y firmware de ejemplo en tres plataformas para ponerlo en "
"marcha más rápido. Hemos mejorado porque tuvimos que hacerlo para competir. "
-"Tan doloroso como pueda serlo para nosotros, es lo mejor para los "
-"clientes</quote>."
+"Tan doloroso como pueda serlo para nosotros, es lo mejor para los clientes</"
+"quote>."
#. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para>
-#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:8587
+#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:8600
msgid ""
"SparkFun parts are available on eBay for lower prices. But people come "
"directly to SparkFun because SparkFun makes their lives easier. The example "
"dijo Nathan. <quote>Esto es con lo que deberían competir</quote>."
#. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para>
-#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:8597
+#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:8610
msgid ""
"SparkFun’s company history began in Nathan’s college dorm room. He spent a "
"lot of time experimenting with and building electronics, and he realized "
"empezó a hacer y vender sus propios productos."
#. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para>
-#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:8609
+#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:8622
msgid ""
"Once he started designing his own products, he began putting the software "
"and schematics online to help with technical support. After doing some "
"Una vez que empezó a diseñar sus propios productos, comenzó a publicar el "
"software y los diagramas en línea para ayudar con el soporte técnico. "
"Después de hacer un poco de investigación sobre opciones de licenciamiento, "
-"escogió las licencias Creative Commons porque lo atrajeron las <quote>"
-"escrituras legibles por humanos</quote> que explican los términos de las "
-"licencias en términos simples. SparkFun aun usa licencias CC para todos sus "
-"diagramas y firmware para los productos que crean."
+"escogió las licencias Creative Commons porque lo atrajeron las "
+"<quote>escrituras legibles por humanos</quote> que explican los términos de "
+"las licencias en términos simples. SparkFun aun usa licencias CC para todos "
+"sus diagramas y firmware para los productos que crean."
#. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para>
-#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:8618
+#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:8631
msgid ""
"The company has grown from a solo project to a corporation with 140 "
"employees. In 2015, SparkFun earned $33 million in revenue. Selling "
"para producir placas para revender usando la marca de Arduino."
#. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para>
-#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:8627
+#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:8640
msgid ""
"SparkFun also has an educational department dedicated to creating a hands-on "
"curriculum to teach students about electronics using prototyping parts. "
"tecnología es una extensión natural de su negocio central."
#. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para>
-#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:8634
+#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:8647
msgid ""
"<quote>We have the burden and opportunity to educate the next generation of "
"technical citizens,</quote> Nathan said. <quote>Our goal is to affect the "
"para el 2020</quote>."
#. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para>
-#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:8640
+#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:8653
msgid ""
"The Creative Commons license underlying all of SparkFun’s products is "
"central to this mission. The license not only signals a willingness to "
"adaptación disponible bajo los mismo términos de licenciamiento."
#. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para>
-#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:8651
+#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:8664
msgid ""
"From the beginning, Nathan has tried to create a work environment at "
"SparkFun that he himself would want to work in. The result is what appears "
"competencia."
#. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para>
-#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:8662
+#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:8675
msgid ""
"The public event, called the Autonomous Vehicle Competition, brings in a "
"thousand to two thousand customers and other technology enthusiasts from "
"event infuses their work with a human element, which makes it more "
"meaningful."
msgstr ""
-"El evento público, llamado <emphasis>Autonomous Vehicle "
-"Competition</emphasis> (Competencia de Vehículos Autónomos), atrae entre mil "
-"y dos mil clientes y entusiastas de la tecnología de los alrededores a una "
-"carrera entre sus propios bots, a participar en talleres de entrenamiento, y "
+"El evento público, llamado <emphasis>Autonomous Vehicle Competition</"
+"emphasis> (Competencia de Vehículos Autónomos), atrae entre mil y dos mil "
+"clientes y entusiastas de la tecnología de los alrededores a una carrera "
+"entre sus propios bots, a participar en talleres de entrenamiento, y "
"socializar. Desde una perspectiva de negocio, Nathan dice que es una idea "
"terrible. Pero ellos no realizan el evento por razones de negocio. <quote>La "
"razón por la que lo hacemos es porque yo viajo e interactúo con nuestros "
"trabajo con un elemento humano, lo cual lo hace más significativo."
#. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para>
-#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:8676
+#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:8689
msgid ""
"Nathan has worked hard to imbue a deeper meaning into the work SparkFun "
"does. The company is, of course, focused on being fiscally responsible, but "
"resultado financiero."
#. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para>
-#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:8686
+#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:8699
msgid ""
"The company is committed to transparency and shares all of its financials "
"with its employees. They also generally strive to avoid being another "
"que vienen a su sitio no solo encuentren contenido sin cambios."
#. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para>
-#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:8693
+#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:8706
msgid ""
"SparkFun’s customer base is largely made up of industrious electronics "
"enthusiasts. They have customers who are regularly involved in the company’s "
"para solucionarlos</quote>."
#. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para>
-#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:8705
+#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:8718
msgid ""
"However, this sort of customer engagement does not always translate to "
"people actively contributing to SparkFun’s projects. The company has a "
"línea para cada uno de sus dispositivos. En un proyecto particularmente "
"activo, solo habrán cerca de una docena de personas contribuyendo mejoras "
"significantes. La basta mayoría están relativamente sin tocar por el "
-"público. <quote>Hay una teoría de que al publicar el código, ellos "
-"vendrán</quote>, dijo Nathan. <quote>Eso no es realmente cierto</quote>."
+"público. <quote>Hay una teoría de que al publicar el código, ellos vendrán</"
+"quote>, dijo Nathan. <quote>Eso no es realmente cierto</quote>."
#. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para>
-#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:8716
+#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:8729
msgid ""
"Rather than focusing on cocreation with their customers, SparkFun instead "
"focuses on enabling people to copy, tinker, and improve products on their "
"de circuitos a partir de nuestros diseños</quote>, dijo Nathan."
#. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para>
-#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:8726
+#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:8739
msgid ""
"Obviously, opening up the design of their products is a necessary step if "
"their goal is to empower the public. Nathan also firmly believes it makes "
"propusieron ser."
#. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><title>
-#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:8740
+#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:8753
msgid "TeachAIDS"
msgstr "TeachAIDS"
#. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><blockquote><para>
-#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:8743
+#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:8756
msgid ""
"TeachAIDS is a nonprofit that creates educational materials designed to "
"teach people around the world about HIV and AIDS. Founded in 2005 in the U."
"SIDA. Fundada en 2005 en los E.U.A."
#. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><blockquote><para>
-#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:8748
+#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:8761
msgid "<ulink url=\"http://teachaids.org\"/>"
msgstr "<ulink url=\"http://teachaids.org\"/>"
#. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><blockquote><para>
-#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:8750
+#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:8763
msgid "<emphasis role=\"strong\">Revenue model</emphasis>: sponsorships"
msgstr "<emphasis role=\"strong\">Modelo de ingresos</emphasis>: patrocinios"
#. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><blockquote><para>
-#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:8752
+#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:8765
msgid "<emphasis role=\"strong\">Interview date</emphasis>: March 24, 2016"
msgstr ""
"<emphasis role=\"strong\">Fecha de la entrevista</emphasis>: 24 de marzo, "
"2016"
#. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><blockquote><para>
-#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:8755
+#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:8768
msgid ""
"<emphasis role=\"strong\">Interviewees</emphasis>: Piya Sorcar, the CEO, and "
"Shuman Ghosemajumder, the chair"
"Shuman Ghosemajumder, el presidente"
#. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para>
-#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:8763
+#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:8776
msgid ""
"TeachAIDS is an unconventional media company with a conventional revenue "
"model. Like most media companies, they are subsidized by advertising. "
"los materiales educativos que distribuye TeachAIDS."
#. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para>
-#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:8769
+#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:8782
msgid ""
"But unlike most media companies, Teach-AIDS is a nonprofit organization with "
"a purely social mission. TeachAIDS is dedicated to educating the global "
"disposición bajo una licencia Creative Commons."
#. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para>
-#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:8782
+#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:8795
msgid ""
"TeachAIDS is a labor of love for founder and CEO Piya Sorcar, who earns a "
"salary of one dollar per year from the nonprofit. The project grew out of "
"únicamente pedazos de información."
#. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para>
-#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:8802
+#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:8815
msgid ""
"In late 2005, Piya and her team used research-based design to create new "
"educational materials and worked with local partners in India to help "
"la creación una educación eficaz, culturalmente apropiada</quote>, dijo Piya."
#. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para>
-#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:8814
+#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:8827
msgid ""
"Very shortly after the initial release, Piya’s team decided to spin the "
"endeavor into an independent nonprofit out of Stanford University. They also "
"Creative Commons en los materiales."
#. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para>
-#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:8820
+#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:8833
msgid ""
"Given their educational mission, TeachAIDS had an obvious interest in seeing "
"the materials as widely shared as possible. But they also needed to preserve "
"protegiéndonos al mismo tiempo</quote>."
#. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para>
-#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:8836
+#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:8849
msgid ""
"Choosing a license that does not allow adaptation of the content was an "
"outgrowth of the careful precision with which TeachAIDS crafts their "
"<quote>La investigación impulsa todo lo que hacemos</quote>."
#. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para>
-#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:8845
+#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:8858
msgid ""
"One important finding was that people accept the message best when it comes "
"from familiar voices they trust and admire. To achieve this, TeachAIDS "
"para cada versión adaptada de los materiales."
#. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para>
-#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:8854
+#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:8867
msgid ""
"Localization is probably the single-most important aspect of the way "
"TeachAIDS creates its content. While each regional version builds from the "
"la información de alguien del mismo genero."
#. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para>
-#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:8869
+#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:8882
msgid ""
"The localization process relies heavily on volunteers. Their volunteer base "
"is deeply committed to the cause, and the organization has had better luck "
"once veces."
#. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para>
-#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:8885
+#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:8898
msgid ""
"TeachAIDS employs full-time employees, contractors, and volunteers, all in "
"different capacities and organizational configurations. They are careful to "
"reproducir y que funcionen</quote>."
#. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para>
-#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:8905
+#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:8918
msgid ""
"Piya’s team was able to produce all of these versions over several years "
"with a head count that never exceeded eight full-time employees. The "
"hacerlo completamente gratuito</quote>."
#. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para>
-#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:8918
+#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:8931
msgid ""
"Like many content creators offering their work for free, they settled on "
"advertising as a funding model. But they were extremely careful not to let "
"educativo. Todo el contenido permanece con la marca de TeachAIDS."
#. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para>
-#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:8929
+#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:8942
msgid ""
"TeachAIDS is careful not to seek funding to cover the costs of a specific "
"project. Instead, sponsorships are structured as unrestricted donations to "
"países ricos</quote>, comentó Shuman."
#. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para>
-#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:8939
+#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:8952
msgid ""
"As of 2016, TeachAIDS has dozens of sponsors. <quote>When we go into a new "
"country, various companies hear about us and reach out to us,</quote> Piya "
"advertising, the content is not time-sensitive, so an investment in a "
"sponsorship can benefit a brand for many years to come."
msgstr ""
-"Contando hasta 2016, TeachAIDS ha tenido docenas de patrocinadores. <quote>"
-"Cuando vamos a un nuevo país, varias compañías escuchan de nosotros y se "
-"acercan</quote>, comentó Piya. <quote>No tenemos que hacer mucho para "
+"Contando hasta 2016, TeachAIDS ha tenido docenas de patrocinadores. "
+"<quote>Cuando vamos a un nuevo país, varias compañías escuchan de nosotros y "
+"se acercan</quote>, comentó Piya. <quote>No tenemos que hacer mucho para "
"encontrarlos o atraerlos</quote>. Piensan que los patrocinios son fáciles de "
"vender porque ofrecen mucho valor a los patrocinadores. Los patrocinios "
"TeachAIDS dan a las corporaciones la oportunidad de alcanzar nuevas "
"beneficiar a la marca por muchos años en el futuro."
#. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para>
-#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:8953
+#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:8966
msgid ""
"Importantly, the value to corporate sponsors goes beyond commercial "
"considerations. As a nonprofit with a clearly articulated social mission, "
"alrededor del hecho de que han patrocinado estas iniciativas."
#. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para>
-#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:8962
+#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:8975
msgid ""
"The core mission of TeachAIDS—ensuring global access to life-saving education"
"—is at the root of everything the organization does. It underpins the work; "
"comentó Piya."
#. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><title>
-#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:8972
+#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:8985
msgid "Tribe of Noise"
msgstr "Tribe of Noise"
#. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><blockquote><para>
-#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:8975
+#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:8988
msgid ""
"Tribe of Noise is a for-profit online music platform serving the film, TV, "
"video, gaming, and in-store-media industries. Founded in 2008 in the "
"fundada en 2008 en los Países Bajos (Holanda)."
#. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><blockquote><para>
-#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:8980
+#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:8993
msgid "<ulink url=\"http://www.tribeofnoise.com\"/>"
msgstr "<ulink url=\"http://www.tribeofnoise.com\"/>"
#. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><blockquote><para>
-#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:8985
+#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:8998
msgid "<emphasis role=\"strong\">Interview date</emphasis>: January 26, 2016"
msgstr ""
"<emphasis role=\"strong\">Fecha de la entrevista</emphasis>: 26 de enero, "
"2016"
#. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><blockquote><para>
-#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:8988
+#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:9001
msgid ""
"<emphasis role=\"strong\">Interviewee</emphasis>: Hessel van Oorschot, "
"cofounder"
"cofundador"
#. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para>
-#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:8996
+#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:9009
msgid ""
"In the early 2000s, Hessel van Oorschot was an entrepreneur running a "
"business where he coached other midsize entrepreneurs how to create an "
"incluyendo el uso de software de fuentes abiertas y Creative Commons."
#. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para>
-#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:9005
+#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:9018
msgid ""
"In 2005, Hessel and Sandra Brandenburg launched a niche video-production "
"initiative. Almost immediately, they ran into issues around finding and "
"derechos no era suficientemente fácil de encontrar."
#. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para>
-#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:9015
+#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:9028
msgid ""
"They hired two lawyers to investigate further, and while they uncovered five "
"or six examples, Hessel found the business models lacking. The lawyers "
"negocio que éstos seguían eran insuficientes. Los abogados expresaron su "
"interés en ser su equipo legal si decidían perseguir esto como una "
"oportunidad de negocios. Hessel dice, <quote>cuando los abogados están "
-"interesados en una empresa de este tipo, puede ser que sea algo "
-"especial</quote>. Entonces, después de algo más de investigación, a "
-"principios de 2008 Hessel y Sandra se decidieron a construir una plataforma."
+"interesados en una empresa de este tipo, puede ser que sea algo especial</"
+"quote>. Entonces, después de algo más de investigación, a principios de 2008 "
+"Hessel y Sandra se decidieron a construir una plataforma."
#. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para>
-#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:9025
+#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:9038
msgid ""
"Building a platform posed a real chicken-and-egg problem. The platform had "
"to build an online community of music-rights holders and, at the same time, "
"negocio musicales requiere de una relación de confianza."
#. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para>
-#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:9032
+#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:9045
msgid ""
"In July 2008, Tribe of Noise opened its virtual doors with a couple hundred "
"musicians willing to use the CC BY-SA license (Attribution-ShareAlike) for a "
"personalmente para encontrar dicha música."
#. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para><footnote><para>
-#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:9047
+#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:9060
msgid "<ulink url=\"http://www.instoremusicservice.com\"/>"
msgstr "<ulink url=\"http://www.instoremusicservice.com\"/>"
#. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para>
-#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:9040
+#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:9053
msgid ""
"As they were growing the community, Hessel got a phone call from a company "
"that made in-store music playlists asking if they had enough music licensed "
"\"footnote\" id=\"0\"/>"
#. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para>
-#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:9050
+#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:9063
msgid ""
"In most countries, artists, authors, and musicians join a collecting society "
"that manages the licensing and helps collect the royalties. Copyright "
"días</quote>."
#. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para>
-#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:9071
+#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:9084
msgid ""
"Instead of building a large sales force, Tribe of Noise partnered with big "
"organizations who have lots of clients and can act as a kind of Tribe of "
"tempranas en Escandinavia, Bélgica y los Estados Unidos."
#. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para>
-#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:9085
+#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:9098
msgid ""
"Tribe of Noise doesn’t pay the musicians up front; they get paid when their "
"music ends up in Tribe of Noise’s in-store music channels. The musicians’ "
"es como presentan el ejemplo en su sitio Web:"
#. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para><footnote><para>
-#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:9101
+#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:9114
msgid "<ulink url=\"http://www.tribeofnoise.com/info_instoremusic.php\"/>"
msgstr "<ulink url=\"http://www.tribeofnoise.com/info_instoremusic.php\"/>"
#. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para>
-#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:9093
+#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:9106
msgid ""
"A few of your songs [licensed with CC BY-SA], for example five in total, are "
"selected for a bespoke in-store music channel broadcasting at a large "
"0.142 = US$73 por mes.<placeholder type=\"footnote\" id=\"0\"/>"
#. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para>
-#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:9104
+#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:9117
msgid ""
"Tribe of Noise has another model that does not involve Creative Commons. In "
"a survey with members, most said they liked the exposure using Creative "
"canción."
#. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para>
-#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:9115
+#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:9128
msgid ""
"Hessel’s legal team took this feedback and created a second model and "
"separate area of the platform called Tribe of Noise Pro. Songs uploaded to "
"El equipo legal de Hesse obtuvo esta retroalimentación y creó un segundo "
"modelo, así como un área separada de la plataforma llamada Tribe of Noise "
"Pro. Las canciones subidas a Tribe of Noise Pro no están licenciadas bajo "
-"Creative Commons; Tribe of Noise creó, en vez de esto, un contrato de <quote>"
-"explotación no exclusiva</quote>, similar a una licencia Creative Commons, "
-"pero que permite a los músicos abandonarlo cuando quieran. Cuando lo "
-"abandonan, Tribe of Noise retira su música de la plataforma de Tribe of "
+"Creative Commons; Tribe of Noise creó, en vez de esto, un contrato de "
+"<quote>explotación no exclusiva</quote>, similar a una licencia Creative "
+"Commons, pero que permite a los músicos abandonarlo cuando quieran. Cuando "
+"lo abandonan, Tribe of Noise retira su música de la plataforma de Tribe of "
"Noise en el lapso de entre uno y dos meses. Esto permite al músico "
"reutilizar su canción en un posible mejor acuerdo."
#. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para>
-#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:9126
+#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:9139
msgid ""
"Tribe of Noise Pro is primarily geared toward media makers who are looking "
"for music. If they buy a license from this catalog, they don’t have to state "
"limpios."
#. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para>
-#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:9134
+#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:9147
msgid ""
"Lots of Tribe of Noise musicians upload songs to both Tribe of Noise Pro and "
"the community area of Tribe of Noises. There aren’t that many artists who "
"repertorio musical que el área comunitaria."
#. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para>
-#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:9140
+#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:9153
msgid ""
"Hessel sees the two as complementary. Both are needed for the model to work. "
"With a whole generation of musicians interested in the sharing economy, the "
"explorar otros modelos como el de Tribe of Noise Pro."
#. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para>
-#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:9148
+#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:9161
msgid ""
"Every musician who joins Tribe of Noise gets their own home page and free "
"unlimited Web space to upload as much of their own music as they like. Tribe "
"la plataforma que genuinamente se involucran con ellos."
#. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para>
-#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:9159
+#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:9172
msgid ""
"Another way Tribe of Noise creates community and interest is with contests, "
"which are organized in partnership with Tribe of Noise clients. The client "
"necesidad."
#. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para>
-#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:9169
+#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:9182
msgid ""
"Tribe of Noise now has twenty-seven thousand members from 192 countries, and "
"many are exploring do-it-yourself models for generating revenue. Some came "
"ASCAP o BMI."
#. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para>
-#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:9181
+#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:9194
msgid ""
"It’s not uncommon for performance-rights organizations, record labels, or "
"music publishers to sign contracts with musicians based on exclusivity. Such "
"sin tener que enfrentar batallas legales."
#. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para>
-#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:9198
+#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:9211
msgid ""
"For Hessel the key to Tribe of Noise’s success is trust. The fact that "
"Creative Commons licenses work the same way all over the world and have been "
"basado en la confianza."
#. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><title>
-#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:9210
+#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:9223
msgid "Wikimedia Foundation"
msgstr "Fundación Wikimedia"
#. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><blockquote><para>
-#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:9213
+#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:9226
msgid ""
"The Wikimedia Foundation is the nonprofit organization that hosts Wikipedia "
"and its sister projects. Founded in 2003 in the U.S."
"Wikipedia y sus proyectos hermanos. Fundada en 2003 en los E.U.A."
#. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><blockquote><para>
-#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:9218
+#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:9231
msgid "<ulink url=\"http://wikimediafoundation.org\"/>"
msgstr "<ulink url=\"http://wikimediafoundation.org\"/>"
#. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><blockquote><para>
-#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:9220
+#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:9233
msgid "<emphasis role=\"strong\">Revenue model</emphasis>: donations"
msgstr "<emphasis role=\"strong\">Modelo de ganancia</emphasis>: donations"
#. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><blockquote><para>
-#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:9222
+#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:9235
msgid "<emphasis role=\"strong\">Interview date</emphasis>: December 18, 2015"
msgstr ""
"<emphasis role=\"strong\">Fecha de la entrevista</emphasis>: 18 de "
"diciembre, 2015"
#. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><blockquote><para>
-#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:9225
+#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:9238
msgid ""
"<emphasis role=\"strong\">Interviewees</emphasis>: Luis Villa, former Chief "
"Officer of Community Engagement, and Stephen LaPorte, legal counsel"
"de Compromiso Comunitario, y Stephen LaPorte, asesor legal"
#. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para>
-#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:9234
+#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:9247
msgid "Nearly every person with an online presence knows Wikipedia."
msgstr "Casi cualquier persona con una presencia en línea conoce la Wikipedia."
#. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para>
-#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:9237
+#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:9250
msgid ""
"In many ways, it is the preeminent open project: The online encyclopedia is "
"created entirely by volunteers. Anyone in the world can edit the articles. "
"que permite a las personas reusarlo y adaptarlo para cualquier propósito."
#. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para>
-#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:9245
+#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:9258
msgid ""
"As of December 2016, there were more than forty-two million articles in the "
"295 language editions of the online encyclopedia, according to—what else?—"
"— el artículo de la Wikipedia acerca de la Wikipedia."
#. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para>
-#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:9250
+#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:9263
msgid ""
"The Wikimedia Foundation is a U.S.-based nonprofit organization that owns "
"the Wikipedia domain name and hosts the site, along with many other related "
"no estan conectados con alguna organización en partícular."
#. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para>
-#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:9264
+#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:9277
msgid ""
"As Wikimedia legal counsel Stephen LaPorte told us, <quote>There is a common "
"saying that Wikipedia works in practice but not in theory.</quote> While it "
"colaboración humana."
#. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para>
-#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:9271
+#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:9284
msgid ""
"Because of its extraordinary breadth and scope, it does feel a bit like a "
"unicorn. Indeed, there is nothing else like Wikipedia. Still, much of what "
"simplemente todo ocurre a una escala sin precedentes."
#. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para>
-#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:9280
+#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:9293
msgid ""
"The story of Wikipedia has been told many times. For our purposes, it is "
"enough to know the experiment started in 2001 at a small scale, inspired by "
"hechas cada hora."
#. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para>
-#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:9292
+#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:9305
msgid ""
"The nature of the content the community creates is ideal for asynchronous "
"cocreation. <quote>An encyclopedia is something where incremental community "
"directo para los sitios de Wikimedia."
#. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para>
-#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:9316
+#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:9329
msgid ""
"Some of that is directed at servers and general IT support, but the "
"foundation also invests a significant amount on architecture designed to "
"La mayor parte del tiempo, la gente quiere hacer lo correcto."
#. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para>
-#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:9332
+#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:9345
msgid ""
"Wikipedia not only relies on good behavior within its community and on its "
"sites, but also by everyone else once the content leaves Wikipedia. All of "
"proteger no es siempre lo mejor para todos</quote>."
#. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para><footnote><para>
-#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:9356
+#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:9369
msgid ""
"<ulink url=\"http://gimletmedia.com/episode/14-the-art-of-making-and-fixing-"
"mistakes/\"/>"
"mistakes/\"/>"
#. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para>
-#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:9344
+#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:9357
msgid ""
"Of course, the primary reason no one has successfully co-opted Wikipedia is "
"that copycat efforts do not have the Wikipedia community to sustain what "
"única. <quote>En un movimiento tan grande como el nuestro, hay una increíble "
"diversidad de motivaciones</quote>, comentó Stephen. Por ejemplo, hay un "
"editor de la edición de la Wikipedia en inglés quien ha corregido un único "
-"error gramatical en los artículos más de cuarenta y ocho mil veces.<"
-"placeholder type=\"footnote\" id=\"0\"/> Solo una fracción de los usuarios "
+"error gramatical en los artículos más de cuarenta y ocho mil veces."
+"<placeholder type=\"footnote\" id=\"0\"/> Solo una fracción de los usuarios "
"de Wikipedia son editores. Pero editar no es el único medio para contribuir "
"a la Wikipedia. <quote>Algunos donan textos, algunos donan imágenes, algunos "
"hacen donaciones económicas</quote>, nos comentó Stephen. <quote>Todos "
"contribuyen.</quote>"
#. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para>
-#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:9363
+#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:9376
msgid ""
"But the vast majority of us who use Wikipedia are not contributors; we are "
"passive readers. The Wikimedia Foundation survives primarily on individual "
"$77 millones de más de cinco millones de donadores."
#. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para>
-#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:9373
+#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:9386
msgid ""
"The foundation has a fund-raising team that works year-round to raise money, "
"but the bulk of their revenue comes in during the December campaign in "
"retornen. Cada poco ayuda. Con las suficientes miradas, ellos estan bien."
#. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para>
-#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:9384
+#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:9397
msgid ""
"The vision of the Wikimedia Foundation is a world in which every single "
"human being can freely share in the sum of all knowledge. They work to "
"que hace la fundación."
#. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para>
-#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:9393
+#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:9406
msgid ""
"The philosophy behind the endeavor also enables the foundation to be "
"financially sustainable. It instills trust in their readership, which is "
"lectores. También infunde confianza en su comunidad."
#. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para>
-#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:9399
+#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:9412
msgid ""
"Any given edit on Wikipedia could be motivated by nearly an infinite number "
"of reasons. But the social mission of the project is what binds the global "
"motivar un movimiento entero</quote>, Stephen nos dijo."
#. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para>
-#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:9406
+#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:9419
msgid ""
"Of course, what results from that movement is one of the Internet’s great "
"public resources. <quote>The Internet has a lot of businesses and stores, "
"un medio de ser ese espacio público abierto</quote>."
#. type: Content of: <book><chapter><title>
-#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:9416
+#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:9429
msgid "Bibliography"
msgstr "Bibliografía"
#. type: Content of: <book><chapter><para>
-#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:9418
+#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:9431
msgid ""
"Alperovitz, Gar. What Then Must We Do? Straight Talk about the Next American "
"Revolution; Democratizing Wealth and Building a Community-Sustaining Economy "
"from the Ground Up. White River Junction, VT: Chelsea Green, 2013."
#. type: Content of: <book><chapter><para>
-#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:9424
+#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:9437
msgid ""
"Anderson, Chris. Free: How Today’s Smartest Businesses Profit by Giving "
"Something for Nothing, reprint with new preface. New York: Hyperion, 2010."
"2010."
#. type: Content of: <book><chapter><para>
-#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:9429
+#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:9442
msgid "———. Makers: The New Industrial Revolution. New York: Signal, 2012."
msgstr ""
"Chris Anderson. Makers: The New Industrial Revolution. New York: Signal, "
"2012."
#. type: Content of: <book><chapter><para>
-#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:9432
+#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:9445
msgid ""
"Ariely, Dan. Predictably Irrational: The Hidden Forces That Shape Our "
"Decisions. Rev. ed. New York: Harper Perennial, 2010."
"Decisions. Rev. ed. New York: Harper Perennial, 2010."
#. type: Content of: <book><chapter><para>
-#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:9436
+#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:9449
msgid ""
"Bacon, Jono. The Art of Community. 2nd ed. Sebastopol, CA: O’Reilly Media, "
"2012."
"2012."
#. type: Content of: <book><chapter><para>
-#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:9440
+#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:9453
msgid ""
"Benkler, Yochai. The Wealth of Networks: How Social Production Transforms "
"Markets and Freedom. New Haven: Yale University Press, 2006. <ulink url="
"CC BY-NC-SA)."
#. type: Content of: <book><chapter><para>
-#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:9447
+#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:9460
msgid ""
"Benyayer, Louis-David, ed. Open Models: Business Models of the Open Economy. "
"Cachan, France: Without Model, 2016. <ulink url=\"http://www.slideshare.net/"
"net/WithoutModel/open-models-book-64463892\"/> (licenciado bajo CC BY-SA)."
#. type: Content of: <book><chapter><para>
-#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:9453
+#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:9466
msgid ""
"Bollier, David. Commoning as a Transformative Social Paradigm. Paper "
"commissioned by the Next Systems Project. Washington, DC: Democracy "
"transformative-social-paradigm/\"/>."
#. type: Content of: <book><chapter><para>
-#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:9459
+#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:9472
msgid ""
"———. Think Like a Commoner: A Short Introduction to the Life of the Commons. "
"Gabriola Island, BC: New Society, 2014."
"the Commons. Gabriola Island, BC: New Society, 2014."
#. type: Content of: <book><chapter><para>
-#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:9463
+#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:9476
msgid ""
"Bollier, David, and Pat Conaty. Democratic Money and Capital for the "
"Commons: Strategies for Transforming Neoliberal Finance through Commons-"
"capital-commons\"/>."
#. type: Content of: <book><chapter><para>
-#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:9473
+#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:9486
msgid ""
"Bollier, David, and Silke Helfrich, eds. The Wealth of the Commons: A World "
"Beyond Market and State. Amherst, MA: Levellers Press, 2012."
"Beyond Market and State. Amherst, MA: Levellers Press, 2012."
#. type: Content of: <book><chapter><para>
-#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:9477
+#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:9490
msgid ""
"Botsman, Rachel, and Roo Rogers. What’s Mine Is Yours: The Rise of "
"Collaborative Consumption. New York: Harper Business, 2010."
"Collaborative Consumption. New York: Harper Business, 2010."
#. type: Content of: <book><chapter><para>
-#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:9481
+#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:9494
msgid ""
"Boyle, James. The Public Domain: Enclosing the Commons of the Mind. New "
"Haven: Yale University Press, 2008."
"Haven: Yale University Press, 2008."
#. type: Content of: <book><chapter><para>
-#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:9484
+#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:9497
msgid ""
"<ulink url=\"http://www.thepublicdomain.org/download/\"/> (licensed under CC "
"BY-NC-SA)."
"CC BY-NC-SA)."
#. type: Content of: <book><chapter><para>
-#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:9488
+#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:9501
msgid ""
"Capra, Fritjof, and Ugo Mattei. The Ecology of Law: Toward a Legal System in "
"Tune with Nature and Community. Oakland, CA: Berrett-Koehler, 2015."
"Tune with Nature and Community. Oakland, CA: Berrett-Koehler, 2015."
#. type: Content of: <book><chapter><para>
-#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:9493
+#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:9506
msgid ""
"Chesbrough, Henry. Open Business Models: How to Thrive in the New Innovation "
"Landscape. Boston: Harvard Business School Press, 2006."
"Landscape. Boston: Harvard Business School Press, 2006."
#. type: Content of: <book><chapter><para>
-#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:9497
+#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:9510
msgid ""
"———. Open Innovation: The New Imperative for Creating and Profiting from "
"Technology. Boston: Harvard Business Review Press, 2006."
"Profiting from Technology. Boston: Harvard Business Review Press, 2006."
#. type: Content of: <book><chapter><para>
-#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:9501
+#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:9514
msgid ""
"City of Bologna. Regulation on Collaboration between Citizens and the City "
"for the Care and Regeneration of Urban Commons. Translated by LabGov "
"for-the-cure-and-regeneration-of-urban-commons1.pdf\"/>."
#. type: Content of: <book><chapter><para>
-#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:9508
+#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:9521
msgid ""
"Cole, Daniel H. <quote>Learning from Lin: Lessons and Cautions from the "
"Natural Commons for the Knowledge Commons.</quote> Chap. 2 in Frischmann, "
"Madison, y Strandburg, Governing Knowledge Commons."
#. type: Content of: <book><chapter><para>
-#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:9513
+#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:9526
msgid ""
"Creative Commons. 2015 State of the Commons. Mountain View, CA: Creative "
"Commons, 2015. <ulink url=\"http://stateof.creativecommons.org/2015/\"/>."
"Commons, 2015. <ulink url=\"http://stateof.creativecommons.org/2015/\"/>."
#. type: Content of: <book><chapter><para>
-#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:9518
+#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:9531
msgid ""
"Doctorow, Cory. Information Doesn’t Want to Be Free: Laws for the Internet "
"Age. San Francisco: McSweeney’s, 2014."
"Age. San Francisco: McSweeney’s, 2014."
#. type: Content of: <book><chapter><para>
-#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:9522
+#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:9535
msgid ""
"Eckhardt, Giana, and Fleura Bardhi. <quote>The Sharing Economy Isn’t about "
"Sharing at All.</quote> Harvard Business Review, January 28, 2015. <ulink "
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"Eckhardt, Giana y Fleura Bardhi. <quote>The Sharing Economy Isn’t about "
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#. type: Content of: <book><chapter><para>
-#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:9528
+#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:9541
msgid ""
"Elliott, Patricia W., and Daryl H. Hepting, eds. (2015). Free Knowledge: "
"Confronting the Commodification of Human Discovery. Regina, SK: University "
"Knowledge\"/>."
#. type: Content of: <book><chapter><para>
-#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:9535
+#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:9548
msgid ""
"Eyal, Nir. Hooked: How to Build Habit-Forming Products. With Ryan Hoover. "
"New York: Portfolio, 2014."
"New York: Portfolio, 2014."
#. type: Content of: <book><chapter><para>
-#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:9539
+#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:9552
msgid ""
"Farley, Joshua, and Ida Kubiszewski. <quote>The Economics of Information in "
"a Post-Carbon Economy.</quote> Chap. 11 in Elliott and Hepting, Free "
"a Post-Carbon Economy.</quote> Cap. 11 en Elliott y Hepting, Free Knowledge."
#. type: Content of: <book><chapter><para>
-#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:9544
+#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:9557
msgid ""
"Foster, William Landes, Peter Kim, and Barbara Christiansen. <quote>Ten "
"Nonprofit Funding Models.</quote> Stanford Social Innovation Review, Spring "
"ten_nonprofit_funding_models\"/>."
#. type: Content of: <book><chapter><para>
-#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:9550
+#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:9563
msgid ""
"Frischmann, Brett M. Infrastructure: The Social Value of Shared Resources. "
"New York: Oxford University Press, 2012."
"Nueva York: Oxford University Press, 2012."
#. type: Content of: <book><chapter><para>
-#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:9554
+#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:9567
msgid ""
"Frischmann, Brett M., Michael J. Madison, and Katherine J. Strandburg, eds. "
"Governing Knowledge Commons. New York: Oxford University Press, 2014."
"Governing Knowledge Commons. Nueva York: Oxford University Press, 2014."
#. type: Content of: <book><chapter><para>
-#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:9559
+#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:9572
msgid ""
"Frischmann, Brett M., Michael J. Madison, and Katherine J. Strandburg. "
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#. type: Content of: <book><chapter><para>
-#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:9564
+#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:9577
msgid ""
"Gansky, Lisa. The Mesh: Why the Future of Business Is Sharing. Reprint with "
"new epilogue. New York: Portfolio, 2012."
"con nuevo epílogo. New York: Portfolio, 2012."
#. type: Content of: <book><chapter><para>
-#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:9568
+#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:9581
msgid ""
"Grant, Adam. Give and Take: Why Helping Others Drives Our Success. New "
"York: Viking, 2013."
"York: Viking, 2013."
#. type: Content of: <book><chapter><para>
-#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:9572
+#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:9585
msgid ""
"Haiven, Max. Crises of Imagination, Crises of Power: Capitalism, Creativity "
"and the Commons. New York: Zed Books, 2014."
"and the Commons. Nueva York: Zed Books, 2014."
#. type: Content of: <book><chapter><para>
-#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:9576
+#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:9589
msgid ""
"Harris, Malcom, ed. Share or Die: Voices of the Get Lost Generation in the "
"Age of Crisis. With Neal Gorenflo. Gabriola Island, BC: New Society, 2012."
"Age of Crisis. With Neal Gorenflo. Gabriola Island, BC: New Society, 2012."
#. type: Content of: <book><chapter><para>
-#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:9581
+#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:9594
msgid ""
"Hermida, Alfred. Tell Everyone: Why We Share and Why It Matters. Toronto: "
"Doubleday Canada, 2014."
"Doubleday Canada, 2014."
#. type: Content of: <book><chapter><para>
-#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:9585
+#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:9598
msgid ""
"Hyde, Lewis. Common as Air: Revolution, Art, and Ownership. New York: "
"Farrar, Straus and Giroux, 2010."
"Farrar, Straus y Giroux, 2010."
#. type: Content of: <book><chapter><para>
-#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:9589
+#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:9602
msgid ""
"———. The Gift: Creativity and the Artist in the Modern World. 2nd Vintage "
"Books edition. New York: Vintage Books, 2007."
"Books. Nueva York: Vintage Books, 2007."
#. type: Content of: <book><chapter><para>
-#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:9593
+#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:9606
msgid ""
"Kelley, Tom, and David Kelley. Creative Confidence: Unleashing the Potential "
"within Us All. New York: Crown, 2013."
"within Us All. Nueva York: Crown, 2013."
#. type: Content of: <book><chapter><para>
-#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:9597
+#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:9610
msgid ""
"Kelly, Marjorie. Owning Our Future: The Emerging Ownership Revolution; "
"Journeys to a Generative Economy. San Francisco: Berrett-Koehler, 2012."
"Journeys to a Generative Economy. San Francisco: Berrett-Koehler, 2012."
#. type: Content of: <book><chapter><para>
-#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:9602
+#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:9615
msgid ""
"Kleon, Austin. Show Your Work: 10 Ways to Share Your Creativity and Get "
"Discovered. New York: Workman, 2014."
"Discovered. Nueva York: Workman, 2014."
#. type: Content of: <book><chapter><para>
-#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:9606
+#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:9619
msgid ""
"———. Steal Like an Artist: 10 Things Nobody Told You about Being Creative. "
"New York: Workman, 2012."
"Nueva York: Workman, 2012."
#. type: Content of: <book><chapter><para>
-#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:9610
+#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:9623
msgid ""
"Kramer, Bryan. Shareology: How Sharing Is Powering the Human Economy. New "
"York: Morgan James, 2016."
"York: Morgan James, 2016."
#. type: Content of: <book><chapter><para>
-#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:9614
+#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:9627
msgid ""
"Lee, David. <quote>Inside Medium: An Attempt to Bring Civility to the "
"Internet.</quote> BBC News, March 3, 2016. <ulink url=\"http://www.bbc.com/"
"com/news/technology-35709680\"/>"
#. type: Content of: <book><chapter><para>
-#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:9619
+#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:9632
msgid ""
"Lessig, Lawrence. Remix: Making Art and Commerce Thrive in the Hybrid "
"Economy. New York: Penguin Press, 2008."
"Economy. Nueva York: Penguin Press, 2008."
#. type: Content of: <book><chapter><para>
-#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:9623
+#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:9636
msgid ""
"Menzies, Heather. Reclaiming the Commons for the Common Good: A Memoir and "
"Manifesto. Gabriola Island, BC: New Society, 2014."
"Manifesto. Gabriola Island, BC: New Society, 2014."
#. type: Content of: <book><chapter><para>
-#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:9627
+#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:9640
msgid ""
"Mason, Paul. Postcapitalism: A Guide to Our Future. New York: Farrar, Straus "
"and Giroux, 2015."
"Straus y Giroux, 2015."
#. type: Content of: <book><chapter><para>
-#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:9631
+#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:9644
msgid ""
"New York Times Customer Insight Group. The Psychology of Sharing: Why Do "
"People Share Online? New York: New York Times Customer Insight Group, 2011. "
"2011. <ulink url=\"http://www.iab.net/media/file/POSWhitePaper.pdf\"/>."
#. type: Content of: <book><chapter><para>
-#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:9637
+#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:9650
msgid ""
"Osterwalder, Alex, and Yves Pigneur. Business Model Generation. Hoboken, "
"NJ: John Wiley and Sons, 2010. A preview of the book is available at <ulink "
"\"http://strategyzer.com/books/business-model-generation\"/>."
#. type: Content of: <book><chapter><para>
-#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:9643
+#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:9656
msgid ""
"Osterwalder, Alex, Yves Pigneur, Greg Bernarda, and Adam Smith. Value "
"Proposition Design. Hoboken, NJ: John Wiley and Sons, 2014. A preview of the "
"proposition-design\"/>."
#. type: Content of: <book><chapter><para>
-#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:9649
+#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:9662
msgid ""
"Palmer, Amanda. The Art of Asking: Or How I Learned to Stop Worrying and Let "
"People Help. New York: Grand Central, 2014."
"People Help. Nueva York: Grand Central, 2014."
#. type: Content of: <book><chapter><para>
-#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:9653
+#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:9666
msgid ""
"Pekel, Joris. Democratising the Rijksmuseum: Why Did the Rijksmuseum Make "
"Available Their Highest Quality Material without Restrictions, and What Are "
"(licenciado bajo CC BY-SA)."
#. type: Content of: <book><chapter><para>
-#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:9661
+#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:9674
msgid ""
"Ramos, José Maria, ed. The City as Commons: A Policy Reader. Melbourne, "
"Australia: Commons Transition Coalition, 2016. <ulink url=\"http://www."
"bajo CC BY-NC-ND)."
#. type: Content of: <book><chapter><para>
-#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:9667
+#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:9680
msgid ""
"Raymond, Eric S. The Cathedral and the Bazaar: Musings on Linux and Open "
"Source by an Accidental Revolutionary. Rev. ed. Sebastopol, CA: O’Reilly "
"url=\"http://www.catb.org/esr/writings/cathedral-bazaar/\"/>."
#. type: Content of: <book><chapter><para>
-#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:9673
+#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:9686
msgid ""
"Ries, Eric. The Lean Startup: How Today’s Entrepreneurs Use Continuous "
"Innovation to Create Radically Successful Businesses. New York: Crown "
"Business, 2011."
#. type: Content of: <book><chapter><para>
-#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:9678
+#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:9691
msgid ""
"Rifkin, Jeremy. The Zero Marginal Cost Society: The Internet of Things, the "
"Collaborative Commons, and the Eclipse of Capitalism. New York: Palgrave "
"Macmillan, 2014."
#. type: Content of: <book><chapter><para>
-#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:9683
+#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:9696
msgid ""
"Rowe, Jonathan. Our Common Wealth. San Francisco: Berrett-Koehler, 2013."
msgstr ""
"Rowe, Jonathan. Our Common Wealth. San Francisco: Berrett-Koehler, 2013."
#. type: Content of: <book><chapter><para>
-#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:9687
+#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:9700
msgid ""
"Rushkoff, Douglas. Throwing Rocks at the Google Bus: How Growth Became the "
"Enemy of Prosperity. New York: Portfolio, 2016."
"Enemy of Prosperity. Nueva York: Portfolio, 2016."
#. type: Content of: <book><chapter><para>
-#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:9691
+#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:9704
msgid ""
"Sandel, Michael J. What Money Can’t Buy: The Moral Limits of Markets. New "
"York: Farrar, Straus and Giroux, 2012."
"York: Farrar, Straus y Giroux, 2012."
#. type: Content of: <book><chapter><para>
-#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:9695
+#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:9708
msgid ""
"Shirky, Clay. Cognitive Surplus: How Technology Makes Consumers into "
"Collaborators. London, England: Penguin Books, 2010."
"Collaborators. Londres, Inglaterra: Penguin Books, 2010."
#. type: Content of: <book><chapter><para>
-#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:9699
+#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:9712
msgid ""
"Slee, Tom. What’s Yours Is Mine: Against the Sharing Economy. New York: OR "
"Books, 2015."
"Books, 2015."
#. type: Content of: <book><chapter><para>
-#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:9703
+#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:9716
msgid ""
"Stephany, Alex. The Business of Sharing: Making in the New Sharing Economy. "
"New York: Palgrave Macmillan, 2015."
"Nueva York: Palgrave Macmillan, 2015."
#. type: Content of: <book><chapter><para>
-#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:9707
+#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:9720
msgid ""
"Stepper, John. Working Out Loud: For a Better Career and Life. New York: "
"Ikigai Press, 2015."
"Ikigai Press, 2015."
#. type: Content of: <book><chapter><para>
-#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:9711
+#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:9724
msgid ""
"Sull, Donald, and Kathleen M. Eisenhardt. Simple Rules: How to Thrive in a "
"Complex World. Boston: Houghton Mifflin Harcourt, 2015."
"Complex World. Boston: Houghton Mifflin Harcourt, 2015."
#. type: Content of: <book><chapter><para>
-#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:9715
+#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:9728
msgid ""
"Sundararajan, Arun. The Sharing Economy: The End of Employment and the Rise "
"of Crowd-Based Capitalism. Cambridge, MA: MIT Press, 2016."
"of Crowd-Based Capitalism. Cambridge, MA: MIT Press, 2016."
#. type: Content of: <book><chapter><para>
-#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:9719
+#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:9732
msgid "Surowiecki, James. The Wisdom of Crowds. New York: Anchor Books, 2005."
msgstr ""
"Surowiecki, James. The Wisdom of Crowds. Nueva York: Anchor Books, 2005."
#. type: Content of: <book><chapter><para>
-#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:9723
+#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:9736
msgid ""
"Tapscott, Don, and Alex Tapscott. Blockchain Revolution: How the Technology "
"Behind Bitcoin Is Changing Money, Business, and the World. Toronto: "
"Portfolio, 2016."
#. type: Content of: <book><chapter><para>
-#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:9728
+#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:9741
msgid ""
"Tharp, Twyla. The Creative Habit: Learn It and Use It for Life. With Mark "
"Reiter. New York: Simon and Schuster, 2006."
"Reiter. Nueva York: Simon y Schuster, 2006."
#. type: Content of: <book><chapter><para>
-#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:9732
+#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:9745
msgid ""
"Tkacz, Nathaniel. Wikipedia and the Politics of Openness. Chicago: "
"University of Chicago Press, 2015."
"University of Chicago Press, 2015."
#. type: Content of: <book><chapter><para>
-#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:9736
+#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:9749
msgid ""
"Van Abel, Bass, Lucas Evers, Roel Klaassen, and Peter Troxler, eds. Open "
"Design Now: Why Design Cannot Remain Exclusive. Amsterdam: BIS Publishers, "
"opendesignnow.org\"/> (licenciado bajo CC BY-NC-SA)."
#. type: Content of: <book><chapter><para>
-#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:9744
+#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:9757
msgid ""
"Van den Hoff, Ronald. Mastering the Global Transition on Our Way to Society "
"3.0. Utrecht, the Netherlands: Society 3.0 Foundation, 2014. <ulink url="
"\"http://society30.com/get-the-book/\"/> (licenciado bajo CC BY-NC-ND)."
#. type: Content of: <book><chapter><para>
-#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:9750
+#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:9763
msgid ""
"Von Hippel, Eric. Democratizing Innovation. London: MIT Press, 2005. <ulink "
"url=\"http://web.mit.edu/evhippel/www/democ1.htm\"/> (licensed under CC BY-"
"NC-ND)."
#. type: Content of: <book><chapter><para>
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msgid ""
"Whitehurst, Jim. The Open Organization: Igniting Passion and Performance. "
"Boston: Harvard Business Review Press, 2015."
"Boston: Harvard Business Review Press, 2015."
#. type: Content of: <book><chapter><title>
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msgid "Acknowledgments"
msgstr "Agradecimientos"
#. type: Content of: <book><chapter><para>
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"We extend special thanks to Creative Commons CEO Ryan Merkley, the Creative "
"Commons Board, and all of our Creative Commons colleagues for "
"inicial que nos permitió empezar este proyecto."
#. type: Content of: <book><chapter><para>
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msgid ""
"Huge appreciation to all the Made with Creative Commons interviewees for "
"sharing their stories with us. You make the commons come alive. Thanks for "
"los comunes tengan vida. Gracias por la inspiración."
#. type: Content of: <book><chapter><para>
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"We interviewed more than the twenty-four organizations profiled in this "
"book. We extend special thanks to Gooru, OERu, Sage Bionetworks, and Medium "
"trabajo."
#. type: Content of: <book><chapter><para>
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"This book was made possible by the generous support of 1,687 Kickstarter "
"backers listed below. We especially acknowledge our many Kickstarter co-"
"invaluable. Gracias de todo corazón a todos ustedes."
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"Co-editor Kickstarter backers (alphabetically by first name): Abraham "
"Taherivand, Alan Graham, Alfredo Louro, Anatoly Volynets, Aurora Thornton, "
"Xavier Antoviaque, Yancey Strickler"
#. type: Content of: <book><chapter><para>
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"All other Kickstarter backers (alphabetically by first name): A. Lee, Aaron "
"C. Rathbun, Aaron Stubbs, Aaron Suggs, Abdul Razak Manaf, Abraham "
"Sablin, Evan Tangman, Evonne Okafor, Evtim Papushev, Fabien Cambi, Fabio "
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-"Fumi Yamazaki, Gabor Sooki-Toth, Gabriel Staples, Gabriel Véjar Valenzuela, "
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"Andersson Skane, Michael C. Stewart, Michael Carroll, Michael Cavette, "
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-"Higgins, Pasquale Borriello, Pat Allan, Pat Hawks, Pat Ludwig, Pat Sticks, "
-"Patricia Brennan, Patricia Rosnel, Patricia Wolf, Patrick Berry, Patrick "
-"Beseda, Patrick Hurley, Patrick M. Lozeau, Patrick McCabe, Patrick "
-"Nafarrete, Patrick Tanguay, Patrick von Hauff, Patrik Kernstock, Patti J "
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-"Smith, Race DiLoreto, Rachel Mercer, Rafael Scapin, Rafaela Kunz, Rain "
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-"Drahps, Rayna Stamboliyska, Rebecca Godar, Rebecca Lendl, Rebecca Weir, "
-"Regina Tschud, Remi Dino, Ric Herrero, Rich McCue, Richard "
-"<quote>TalkToMeGuy</quote> Olson, Richard Best, Richard Blumberg, Richard "
-"Fannon, Richard Heying, Richard Karnesky, Richard Kelly, Richard Littauer, "
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-"Carpenter, Ruth White, Ryan Mentock, Ryan Merkley, Ryan Price, Ryan Sasaki, "
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-"Riedo, Sam Hokin, Sam Twidale, Samantha Levin, Samantha-Jayne Chapman, "
-"Samarth Agarwal, Sami Al-AbdRabbuh, Samuel A. Rebelsky, Samuel Goëta, Samuel "
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-"Gillespie, Scott Williams, Sean Anderson, Sean Johnson, Sean Lim, Sean "
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+"Maloney, Mike Masnick, Mike McDaniel, Mike Pouraryan, Mike Sheldon, Mike "
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+"Xavier Antoviaque, Xavier Hugonet, Xavier Moisant, Xueqi Li, Yancey "
+"Strickler, Yann Heurtaux, Yasmine Hajjar, Yu-Hsian Sun, Yves Deruisseau, "
+"Zach Chandler, Zak Zebrowski, Zane Amiralis and Joshua de Haan, ZeMarmot "
+"Open Movie"
#~ msgid ""
#~ " <city>Mexico City</city>\n"
msgid ""
msgstr ""
"Project-Id-Version: Made with Creative Commons 20170609-2\n"
-"POT-Creation-Date: 2018-09-18 06:11+0000\n"
+"POT-Creation-Date: 2018-12-10 23:37+0000\n"
"PO-Revision-Date: YEAR-MO-DA HO:MI+ZONE\n"
"Last-Translator: FULL NAME <EMAIL@ADDRESS>\n"
"Language-Team: LANGUAGE <LL@li.org>\n"
msgid "(ACM CRCS) ?"
msgstr ""
-#. type: Content of: <book><dedication><blockquote><para>
-#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:94
+#. type: Content of: <book><dedication><para>
+#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:93
msgid ""
-"<quote>I don’t know a whole lot about nonfiction journalism. . . The way "
+"<quote>I don’t know a whole lot about nonfiction journalism. . . The way "
"that I think about these things, and in terms of what I can do "
"is. . . essays like this are occasions to watch somebody reasonably bright "
"but also reasonably average pay far closer attention and think at far more "
msgstr ""
#. type: Content of: <book><dedication><blockquote><para>
-#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:103
+#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:102
msgid "— <emphasis>David Foster Wallace</emphasis>"
msgstr ""
#. type: Content of: <book><preface><title>
-#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:108
+#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:107
msgid "Foreword"
msgstr ""
#. type: Content of: <book><preface><para>
-#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:110
+#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:109
msgid ""
"Three years ago, just after I was hired as CEO of Creative Commons, I met "
"with Cory Doctorow in the hotel bar of Toronto’s Gladstone Hotel. As one of "
msgstr ""
#. type: Content of: <book><preface><para>
-#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:119
+#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:118
msgid ""
"He was, in a way, completely correct—those who make things with Creative "
"Commons have ulterior motives, as Paul Stacey explains in this book: "
msgstr ""
#. type: Content of: <book><preface><para>
-#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:127
+#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:126
msgid ""
"In the case study about Cory Doctorow, Sarah Hinchliff Pearson cites Cory’s "
"words from his book Information Doesn’t Want to Be Free: <quote>Entering the "
msgstr ""
#. type: Content of: <book><preface><para>
-#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:135
+#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:134
msgid ""
"Today, copyright is like a lottery ticket—everyone has one, and almost "
"nobody wins. What they don’t tell you is that if you choose to share your "
msgstr ""
#. type: Content of: <book><preface><para>
-#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:144
+#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:143
msgid ""
"So it’s not about the money. Also: it is. Finding the means to continue to "
"create and share often requires some amount of income. Max Temkin of Cards "
msgstr ""
#. type: Content of: <book><preface><para>
-#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:151
+#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:150
msgid ""
"Creative Commons’ focus is on building a vibrant, usable commons, powered by "
"collaboration and gratitude. Enabling communities of collaboration is at the "
msgstr ""
#. type: Content of: <book><preface><para>
-#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:160
+#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:159
msgid ""
"Paul dreams of a future where new models of creativity and innovation "
"overpower the inequality and scarcity that today define the worst parts of "
msgstr ""
#. type: Content of: <book><preface><para>
-#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:169
+#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:168
msgid ""
"Sarah is the best kind of lawyer—a true advocate who believes in the good of "
"people, and the power of collective acts to change the world. Over the past "
msgstr ""
#. type: Content of: <book><preface><para>
-#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:181
+#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:180
msgid ""
"As coauthors, Paul and Sarah complement each other perfectly. They "
"researched, analyzed, argued, and worked as a team, sometimes together and "
msgstr ""
#. type: Content of: <book><preface><para>
-#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:192
+#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:191
msgid ""
"From the beginning, CC wanted to develop this project with the principles "
"and values of open collaboration. The book was funded, developed, "
msgstr ""
#. type: Content of: <book><preface><para>
-#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:200
+#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:199
msgid ""
"For 31 days in August of 2015, Sarah took point to organize and execute a "
"Kickstarter campaign to generate the core funding for the book. The "
msgstr ""
#. type: Content of: <book><preface><para>
-#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:209
+#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:208
msgid ""
"Paul and Sarah worked openly throughout the project, publishing the plans, "
"drafts, case studies, and analysis, early and often, and they engaged "
msgstr ""
#. type: Content of: <book><preface><para>
-#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:219
+#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:218
msgid ""
"Those who work and share in the commons are not typical creators. They are "
"part of something greater than themselves, and what they offer us all is a "
msgstr ""
#. type: Content of: <book><preface><para>
-#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:225
+#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:224
msgid ""
"Jonathan Mann, who is profiled in this book, writes a song a day. When I "
"reached out to ask him to write a song for our Kickstarter (and to offer "
msgstr ""
#. type: Content of: <book><preface><para>
-#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:234
+#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:233
msgid ""
"Sarah writes, <quote>Endeavors that are Made with Creative Commons thrive "
"when community is built around what they do. This may mean a community "
msgstr ""
#. type: Content of: <book><preface><para>
-#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:248
+#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:247
msgid ""
"This is not a typical business book. For those looking for a recipe or a "
"roadmap, you might be disappointed. But for those looking to pursue a social "
msgstr ""
#. type: Content of: <book><preface><para>
-#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:258
+#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:257
msgid ""
"In a 1996 Stanford Law Review article <quote>The Zones of "
"Cyberspace</quote>, CC founder Lawrence Lessig wrote, <quote>Cyberspace is a "
msgstr ""
#. type: Content of: <book><preface><para>
-#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:268
+#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:267
msgid ""
"I’m incredibly proud that Creative Commons is able to publish this book for "
"the many communities that we have come to know and like. I’m grateful to "
msgstr ""
#. type: Content of: <book><preface><para>
-#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:276
+#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:275
msgid "That’s the true value of things that are Made with Creative Commons."
msgstr ""
#. type: Content of: <book><preface><para>
-#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:279
+#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:278
msgid "<emphasis>Ryan Merkley</emphasis>"
msgstr ""
#. type: Content of: <book><preface><para>
-#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:282
+#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:281
msgid "<emphasis>CEO, Creative Commons</emphasis>"
msgstr ""
#. type: Content of: <book><preface><title>
-#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:286
+#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:285
msgid "Introduction"
msgstr ""
#. type: Content of: <book><preface><para>
-#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:288
+#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:287
msgid ""
"This book shows the world how sharing can be good for business—but with a "
"twist."
msgstr ""
#. type: Content of: <book><preface><para>
-#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:292
+#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:291
msgid ""
"We began the project intending to explore how creators, organizations, and "
"businesses make money to sustain what they do when they share their work "
msgstr ""
#. type: Content of: <book><preface><para>
-#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:304
+#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:303
msgid ""
"Through the generous funding of Kickstarter backers, we set about this "
"project first by identifying and selecting a diverse group of creators, "
msgstr ""
#. type: Content of: <book><preface><para>
-#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:312
+#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:311
msgid ""
"But as we did our research, something interesting happened. Our initial way "
"of framing the work did not match the stories we were hearing."
msgstr ""
#. type: Content of: <book><preface><para>
-#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:317
+#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:316
msgid ""
"Those we interviewed were not typical businesses selling to consumers and "
"seeking to maximize profits and the bottom line. Instead, they were sharing "
msgstr ""
#. type: Content of: <book><preface><para>
-#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:325
+#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:324
msgid ""
"They often didn’t like hearing what they do described as an open business "
"model. Their endeavor was something more than that. Something "
msgstr ""
#. type: Content of: <book><preface><para>
-#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:333
+#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:332
msgid ""
"We had to rethink the way we conceived of this project. And it didn’t happen "
"overnight. From the fall of 2015 through 2016, we documented our thoughts in "
msgstr ""
#. type: Content of: <book><preface><para>
-#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:342
+#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:341
msgid ""
"Throughout the process, the two of us have often had very different ways of "
"understanding and describing what we were learning. Learning from each other "
msgstr ""
#. type: Content of: <book><preface><para>
-#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:352
+#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:351
msgid ""
"While we recommend that you read the book from start to finish, each section "
"reads more or less independently. The book is structured into two main "
msgstr ""
#. type: Content of: <book><preface><para>
-#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:357
+#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:356
msgid ""
"Part one, the overview, begins with a big-picture framework written by "
"Paul. He provides some historical context for the digital commons, "
msgstr ""
#. type: Content of: <book><preface><para>
-#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:365
+#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:364
msgid ""
"The overview continues with Sarah’s chapter, as she considers what it means "
"to be successfully Made with Creative Commons. While making money is one "
msgstr ""
#. type: Content of: <book><preface><para>
-#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:375
+#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:374
msgid ""
"And to end part one, we have a short section that explains the different "
"Creative Commons licenses. We talk about the misconception that the more "
msgstr ""
#. type: Content of: <book><preface><para>
-#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:382
+#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:381
msgid ""
"Part two of the book is made up of the twenty-four stories of the creators, "
"businesses, and organizations we interviewed. While both of us participated "
msgstr ""
#. type: Content of: <book><preface><para>
-#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:388
+#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:387
msgid ""
"Of course, we are pleased to make the book available using a Creative "
"Commons Attribution-ShareAlike license. Please copy, distribute, translate, "
msgstr ""
#. type: Content of: <book><preface><para>
-#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:393
+#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:392
msgid ""
"Writing this book has transformed and inspired us. The way we now look at "
"and think about what it means to be Made with Creative Commons has "
msgstr ""
#. type: Content of: <book><preface><para>
-#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:400
+#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:399
msgid "<emphasis>Paul and Sarah </emphasis>"
msgstr ""
#. type: Content of: <book><part><title>
-#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:404
+#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:403
msgid "The Big Picture"
msgstr ""
#. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><title>
-#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:406
+#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:405
msgid "The New World of Digital Commons"
msgstr ""
#. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para>
-#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:408
+#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:407
msgid "Paul Stacey"
msgstr ""
#. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para><footnote><para>
-#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:418
+#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:417
msgid "Jonathan Rowe, Our Common Wealth (San Francisco: Berrett-Koehler, 2013), 14."
msgstr ""
#. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para>
-#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:411
+#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:410
msgid ""
"Jonathan Rowe eloquently describes the commons as <quote>the air and oceans, "
"the web of species, wilderness and flowing water—all are parts of the "
msgstr ""
#. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para>
-#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:423
+#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:422
msgid ""
"In Made with Creative Commons, we focus on our current era of digital "
"commons, a commons of human-produced works. This commons cuts across a broad "
msgstr ""
#. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para><footnote><para>
-#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:438
+#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:437
msgid ""
"David Bollier, Think Like a Commoner: A Short Introduction to the Life of "
"the Commons (Gabriola Island, BC: New Society, 2014), 176."
msgstr ""
#. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para><footnote><para>
-#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:446
+#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:445
msgid "Ibid., 15."
msgstr ""
#. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para>
-#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:434
+#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:433
msgid ""
"The commons is not just about shared resources, however. It’s also about the "
"social practices and values that manage them. A resource is a noun, but to "
msgstr ""
#. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><sect1><title>
-#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:453
+#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:452
msgid "The Commons, the Market, and the State"
msgstr ""
#. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><sect1><para><footnote><para>
-#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:459
+#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:458
msgid "Ibid., 145."
msgstr ""
#. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><sect1><para>
-#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:455
+#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:454
msgid ""
"Historically, there have been three ways to manage resources and share "
"wealth: the commons (managed collectively), the state (i.e., the "
msgstr ""
#. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><sect1><para><footnote><para>
-#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:468
+#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:467
msgid "Ibid., 175."
msgstr ""
#. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><sect1><para>
-#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:463
+#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:462
msgid ""
"The organizations and businesses in our case studies are unique in the way "
"they participate in the commons while still engaging with the market and/or "
msgstr ""
#. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><sect1><para>
-#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:475
+#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:474
msgid ""
"Fig. 1. is a depiction of how an enterprise can have varying levels of "
"engagement with commons, state, and market."
msgstr ""
#. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><sect1><para>
-#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:479
+#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:478
msgid ""
"Some of our case studies are simply commons and market enterprises with "
"little or no engagement with the state. A depiction of those case studies "
msgstr ""
#. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><sect1><para>
-#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:490
+#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:489
msgid ""
"All our case studies generate money as a means of livelihood and "
"sustainability. Money is primarily of the market. Finding ways to generate "
msgstr ""
#. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><sect1><para>
-#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:499
+#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:498
msgid ""
"The state has an important role to play in fostering the use and adoption of "
"the commons. State programs and funding can deliberately contribute to and "
msgstr ""
#. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><sect1><figure><mediaobject><textobject><phrase>
-#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:506 MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:513
+#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:505 MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:512
msgid "Enterprise engagement with commons, state and market."
msgstr ""
#. type: Attribute 'fileref' of: <book><part><chapter><sect1><figure><mediaobject><imageobject><imagedata>
-#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:510
+#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:509
msgid "Pictures/10000201000008000000045C30360249076453E6.png"
msgstr ""
#. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><sect1><figure>
-#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:508 MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:557 MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:675 MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:804 MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:846 MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:934
+#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:507 MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:556 MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:674 MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:803 MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:845 MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:933
msgid "<placeholder type=\"mediaobject\" id=\"0\"/>"
msgstr ""
#. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><sect1><para>
-#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:519
+#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:518
msgid ""
"It’s helpful to understand how the commons, market, and state manage "
"resources differently, and not just for those who consider themselves "
msgstr ""
#. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><sect1><title>
-#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:530
+#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:529
msgid "The Four Aspects of a Resource"
msgstr ""
#. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><sect1><para><footnote><para>
-#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:535
+#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:534
msgid ""
"Daniel H. Cole, <quote>Learning from Lin: Lessons and Cautions from the "
"Natural Commons for the Knowledge Commons,</quote> in Governing Knowledge "
msgstr ""
#. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><sect1><para>
-#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:532
+#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:531
msgid ""
"As part of her Nobel Prize–winning work, Elinor Ostrom developed a framework "
"for analyzing how natural resources are managed in a commons.<placeholder "
msgstr ""
#. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><sect1><para>
-#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:548
+#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:547
msgid ""
"To compare and contrast the ways in which the commons, market, and state "
"work, let’s consider four aspects of resource management: resource "
msgstr ""
#. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><sect1><figure><mediaobject><textobject><phrase>
-#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:556 MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:562
+#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:555 MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:561
msgid "Four aspects of resource management"
msgstr ""
#. type: Attribute 'fileref' of: <book><part><chapter><sect1><figure><mediaobject><imageobject><imagedata>
-#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:559
+#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:558
msgid "Pictures/10000201000007D0000007D0ACF13F8B71EAF0B9.png"
msgstr ""
#. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><sect1><sect2><title>
-#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:568
+#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:567
msgid "Characteristics"
msgstr ""
#. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><sect1><sect2><para>
-#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:570
+#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:569
msgid ""
"Resources have particular characteristics or attributes that affect the way "
"they can be used. Some resources are natural; others are human "
msgstr ""
#. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><sect1><sect2><para>
-#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:577
+#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:576
msgid ""
"Physical resources exist in limited supply. If I have a physical resource "
"and give it to you, I no longer have it. When a resource is removed and "
msgstr ""
#. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><sect1><sect2><para>
-#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:588
+#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:587
msgid ""
"Physical resources are depletable, exclusive, and rivalrous. Digital "
"resources, on the other hand, are nondepletable, nonexclusive, and "
msgstr ""
#. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><sect1><sect2><para>
-#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:598
+#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:597
msgid ""
"The nondepletable, nonexclusive, and nonrivalrous nature of digital "
"resources means the rules and norms for managing them can (and ought to) be "
msgstr ""
#. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><sect1><sect2><para>
-#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:606
+#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:605
msgid ""
"Our case studies frequently manage hybrid resources, which start out as "
"digital with the possibility of being made into a physical resource. The "
msgstr ""
#. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><sect1><sect2><para>
-#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:617
+#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:616
msgid ""
"Beyond this idea of physical versus digital, the commons, market, and state "
"conceive of resources differently (see Fig. 3). The market sees resources "
msgstr ""
#. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><sect1><sect2><title>
-#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:628
+#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:627
msgid "People and processes"
msgstr ""
#. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><sect1><sect2><para>
-#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:630
+#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:629
msgid ""
"In the commons, the market, and the state, different people and processes "
"are used to manage resources. The processes used define both who has a say "
msgstr ""
#. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><sect1><sect2><para>
-#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:635
+#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:634
msgid ""
"In the state, a government of elected officials is responsible for managing "
"resources on behalf of the public. The citizens who produce and use those "
msgstr ""
#. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><sect1><sect2><para>
-#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:644
+#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:643
msgid ""
"In the market, the people involved are producers, buyers, sellers, and "
"consumers. Businesses act as intermediaries between those who produce "
msgstr ""
#. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><sect1><sect2><para><footnote><para>
-#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:655
+#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:654
msgid ""
"Max Haiven, Crises of Imagination, Crises of Power: Capitalism, Creativity "
"and the Commons (New York: Zed Books, 2014), 93."
msgstr ""
#. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><sect1><sect2><para>
-#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:653
+#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:652
msgid ""
"In contrast to the state and market, resources in a commons are managed more "
"directly by the people involved.<placeholder type=\"footnote\" id=\"0\"/> "
msgstr ""
#. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><sect1><sect2><figure><mediaobject><textobject><phrase>
-#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:673 MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:680
+#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:672 MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:679
msgid "How the market, commons and state concieve of resources."
msgstr ""
#. type: Attribute 'fileref' of: <book><part><chapter><sect1><sect2><figure><mediaobject><imageobject><imagedata>
-#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:677
+#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:676
msgid "Pictures/10000201000009C40000065D9EC4F530BD4DFBE0.png"
msgstr ""
#. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><sect1><sect2><title>
-#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:687
+#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:686
msgid "Norms and rules"
msgstr ""
#. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><sect1><sect2><para>
-#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:689
+#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:688
msgid ""
"The social interactions between people, and the processes used by the state, "
"market, and commons, evolve social norms and rules. These norms and rules "
msgstr ""
#. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><sect1><sect2><para>
-#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:695
+#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:694
msgid ""
"State authority is governed by national constitutions. Norms related to "
"priorities and decision making are defined by elected officials and "
msgstr ""
#. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><sect1><sect2><para>
-#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:703
+#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:702
msgid ""
"Market norms are influenced by economics and competition for scarce "
"resources. Market rules follow property, business, and financial laws "
msgstr ""
#. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><sect1><sect2><para><footnote><para>
-#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:715
+#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:714
msgid "Bollier, Think Like a Commoner, 175."
msgstr ""
#. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><sect1><sect2><para>
-#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:708
+#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:707
msgid ""
"As with the market, a commons can be influenced by state policies, "
"regulations, and laws. But the norms and rules of a commons are largely "
msgstr ""
#. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><sect1><sect2><title>
-#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:720
+#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:719
msgid "Goals"
msgstr ""
#. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><sect1><sect2><para>
-#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:722
+#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:721
msgid ""
"The combination of the aspects we’ve discussed so far—the resource’s "
"inherent characteristics, people and processes, and norms and rules—shape "
msgstr ""
#. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><sect1><sect2><para><footnote><para>
-#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:734
+#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:733
msgid ""
"Joshua Farley and Ida Kubiszewski, <quote>The Economics of Information in a "
"Post-Carbon Economy,</quote> in Free Knowledge: Confronting the "
msgstr ""
#. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><sect1><sect2><para>
-#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:729
+#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:728
msgid ""
"In the market, the focus is on maximizing the utility of a resource. What we "
"pay for the goods we consume is seen as an objective measure of the utility "
msgstr ""
#. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><sect1><sect2><para>
-#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:744
+#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:743
msgid ""
"The state aims to use and manage resources in a way that balances the "
"economy with the social and cultural needs of its citizens. Health care, "
msgstr ""
#. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><sect1><sect2><para>
-#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:753
+#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:752
msgid ""
"In the commons, the goal is maximizing access, equity, distribution, "
"participation, innovation, and sustainability. You can measure success by "
msgstr ""
#. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><sect1><sect2><para>
-#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:762
+#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:761
msgid ""
"As hybrid combinations of the commons with the market or state, the success "
"and sustainability of all our case study enterprises depends on their "
msgstr ""
#. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><sect1><title>
-#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:770
+#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:769
msgid "A Short History of the Commons"
msgstr ""
#. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><sect1><para>
-#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:772
+#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:771
msgid ""
"Using the commons to manage resources is part of a long historical "
"continuum. However, in contemporary society, the market and the state "
msgstr ""
#. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><sect1><para>
-#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:781
+#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:780
msgid ""
"But the more than 1.1 billion resources licensed with Creative Commons "
"around the world are indications of a grassroots move toward the "
msgstr ""
#. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><sect1><para><footnote><para>
-#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:792
+#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:791
msgid ""
"Rowe, Our Common Wealth, 19; and Heather Menzies, Reclaiming the Commons for "
"the Common Good: A Memoir and Manifesto (Gabriola Island, BC: New Society, "
msgstr ""
#. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><sect1><para>
-#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:788
+#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:787
msgid ""
"For centuries, indigenous people and preindustrialized societies managed "
"resources, including water, food, firewood, irrigation, fish, wild game, and "
msgstr ""
#. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><sect1><figure><mediaobject><textobject><phrase>
-#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:803 MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:809
+#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:802 MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:808
msgid "In preindustrialized society."
msgstr ""
#. type: Attribute 'fileref' of: <book><part><chapter><sect1><figure><mediaobject><imageobject><imagedata>
-#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:806
+#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:805
msgid "Pictures/10000201000009C4000005153EACBD62F00F6BA9.png"
msgstr ""
#. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><sect1><para><footnote><para>
-#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:818
+#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:817
msgid "Bollier, Think Like a Commoner, 55–78."
msgstr ""
#. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><sect1><para><footnote><para>
-#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:822
+#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:821
msgid ""
"Fritjof Capra and Ugo Mattei, The Ecology of Law: Toward a Legal System in "
"Tune with Nature and Community (Oakland, CA: Berrett-Koehler, 2015), 46–57; "
msgstr ""
#. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><sect1><para>
-#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:815
+#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:814
msgid ""
"This is followed by a long history of the state (a monarchy or ruler) taking "
"over the commons for their own purposes. This is called enclosure of the "
msgstr ""
#. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><sect1><para>
-#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:831
+#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:830
msgid ""
"Holdings of land, water, and game were distributed to ruling family and "
"political appointees. Commoners displaced from the land migrated to "
msgstr ""
#. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><sect1><figure><mediaobject><textobject><phrase>
-#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:845 MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:851
+#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:844 MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:850
msgid "The commons is gradually superseded by the state."
msgstr ""
#. type: Attribute 'fileref' of: <book><part><chapter><sect1><figure><mediaobject><imageobject><imagedata>
-#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:848
+#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:847
msgid "Pictures/10000201000009C4000005150F069409C1CC12F0.png"
msgstr ""
#. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><sect1><para>
-#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:857
+#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:856
msgid ""
"However, the world today is going through turbulent times. The benefits of "
"the market have been offset by unequal distribution and overexploitation."
msgstr ""
#. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><sect1><para>
-#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:862
+#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:861
msgid ""
"Overexploitation was the topic of Garrett Hardin’s influential essay "
"<quote>The Tragedy of the Commons,</quote> published in Science in "
msgstr ""
#. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><sect1><para><footnote><para>
-#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:890
+#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:889
msgid ""
"Brett M. Frischmann, Michael J. Madison, and Katherine J. Strandburg, "
"<quote>Governing Knowledge Commons,</quote> in Frischmann, Madison, and "
msgstr ""
#. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><sect1><para>
-#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:873
+#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:872
msgid ""
"However, there is one serious flaw with Hardin’s <quote>The Tragedy of the "
"Commons</quote>—it’s fiction. Hardin did not actually study how real commons "
msgstr ""
#. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><sect1><para>
-#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:897
+#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:896
msgid ""
"Hardin failed to consider the actual social dynamic of the commons. His "
"model assumed that people in the commons act autonomously, out of pure "
msgstr ""
#. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><sect1><para><footnote><para>
-#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:913
+#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:912
msgid ""
"Farley and Kubiszewski, <quote>Economics of Information,</quote> in Elliott "
"and Hepting, Free Knowledge, 203."
msgstr ""
#. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><sect1><para>
-#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:909
+#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:908
msgid ""
"Hardin’s story is based on the premise of depletable resources. Economists "
"have focused almost exclusively on scarcity-based markets. Very little is "
msgstr ""
#. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><sect1><para>
-#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:925
+#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:924
msgid ""
"When it comes to use of state funds to create digital goods, however, there "
"is really no justification for artificial scarcity. The norm for state "
msgstr ""
#. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><sect1><figure><mediaobject><textobject><phrase>
-#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:932 MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:939
+#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:931 MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:938
msgid "How the market, the state and the commons look today."
msgstr ""
#. type: Attribute 'fileref' of: <book><part><chapter><sect1><figure><mediaobject><imageobject><imagedata>
-#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:936
+#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:935
msgid "Pictures/10000201000009C400000515F1CAA15B223F6BAF.png"
msgstr ""
#. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><sect1><title>
-#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:946
+#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:945
msgid "The Digital Revolution"
msgstr ""
#. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><sect1><para>
-#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:948
+#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:947
msgid ""
"In the early days of computing, programmers and developers learned from each "
"other by sharing software. In the 1980s, the free-software movement codified "
msgstr ""
#. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><sect1><itemizedlist><listitem><para>
-#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:956
+#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:955
msgid "The freedom to run a software program as you wish, for any purpose."
msgstr ""
#. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><sect1><itemizedlist><listitem><para>
-#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:962
+#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:961
msgid ""
"The freedom to study how a software program works (because access to the "
"source code has been freely given), and change it so it does your computing "
msgstr ""
#. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><sect1><itemizedlist><listitem><para>
-#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:969
+#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:968
msgid "The freedom to redistribute copies."
msgstr ""
#. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><sect1><itemizedlist><listitem><para><footnote><para>
-#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:975
+#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:974
msgid ""
"<quote>What Is Free Software?</quote> GNU Operating System, the Free "
"Software Foundation’s Licensing and Compliance Lab, accessed December 30, "
msgstr ""
#. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><sect1><itemizedlist><listitem><para>
-#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:974
+#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:973
msgid ""
"The freedom to distribute copies of your modified versions to "
"others.<placeholder type=\"footnote\" id=\"0\"/>"
msgstr ""
#. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><sect1><para>
-#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:984
+#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:983
msgid ""
"These principles and freedoms constitute a set of norms and rules that "
"typify a digital commons."
msgstr ""
#. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><sect1><para><footnote><para>
-#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:999
+#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:998
msgid ""
"Wikipedia, s.v. <quote>Open-source software,</quote> last modified November "
"22, 2016."
msgstr ""
#. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><sect1><para>
-#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:988
+#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:987
msgid ""
"In the late 1990s, to make the sharing of source code and collaboration more "
"appealing to companies, the open-source-software initiative converted these "
msgstr ""
#. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><sect1><para><footnote><para>
-#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:1014
+#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:1013
msgid ""
"Eric S. Raymond, <quote>The Magic Cauldron,</quote> in The Cathedral and the "
"Bazaar: Musings on Linux and Open Source by an Accidental Revolutionary, "
msgstr ""
#. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><sect1><para>
-#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:1006
+#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:1005
msgid ""
"While open-source software functions as a commons, many businesses and "
"markets did build up around it. Business models based on the licenses and "
msgstr ""
#. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><sect1><para>
-#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:1023
+#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:1022
msgid ""
"It isn’t just about an abundant availability of digital assets but also "
"about abundance of participation. The growth of personal computing, "
msgstr ""
#. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><sect1><para><footnote><para>
-#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:1042
+#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:1041
msgid ""
"New York Times Customer Insight Group, The Psychology of Sharing: Why Do "
"People Share Online? (New York: New York Times Customer Insight Group, "
msgstr ""
#. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><sect1><para>
-#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:1036
+#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:1035
msgid ""
"But people like to share. One of the ways we define ourselves is by sharing "
"valuable and entertaining content. Doing so grows and nourishes "
msgstr ""
#. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><sect1><title>
-#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:1050
+#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:1049
msgid "The Birth of Creative Commons"
msgstr ""
#. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><sect1><para>
-#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:1052
+#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:1051
msgid ""
"In 2001, Creative Commons was created as a nonprofit to support all those "
"who wanted to share digital content. A suite of Creative Commons licenses "
msgstr ""
#. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><sect1><para><footnote><para>
-#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:1072
+#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:1071
msgid ""
"<quote>Licensing Considerations,</quote> Creative Commons, accessed December "
"30, 2016, <ulink "
msgstr ""
#. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><sect1><para>
-#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:1061
+#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:1060
msgid ""
"Creative Commons licenses have a three-layer design. The norms and rules of "
"each license are first expressed in full legal language as used by "
msgstr ""
#. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><sect1><para>
-#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:1080
+#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:1079
msgid ""
"In 2015, there were over one billion Creative Commons licensed works in a "
"global commons. These works were viewed online 136 billion times. People are "
msgstr ""
#. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><sect1><para><footnote><para>
-#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:1093
+#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:1092
msgid ""
"Creative Commons, 2015 State of the Commons (Mountain View, CA: Creative "
"Commons, 2015), <ulink url=\"http://stateof.creativecommons.org/2015/\"/>."
msgstr ""
#. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><sect1><para>
-#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:1088
+#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:1087
msgid ""
"Individual artists, photographers, musicians, and filmmakers use Creative "
"Commons, but so do museums, governments, creative industries, manufacturers, "
msgstr ""
#. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><sect1><para>
-#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:1101
+#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:1100
msgid ""
"Some see Creative Commons as a way to share a gift with others, a way of "
"getting known, or a way to provide social benefit. Others are simply "
msgstr ""
#. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><sect1><para>
-#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:1113
+#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:1112
msgid ""
"Over time, Creative Commons has spawned a range of open movements, including "
"open educational resources, open access, open science, and open data. The "
msgstr ""
#. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><sect1><para><footnote><para>
-#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:1126
+#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:1125
msgid ""
"Wikipedia, s.v. <quote>Open Government Partnership,</quote> last modified "
"September 24, 2016, <ulink "
msgstr ""
#. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><sect1><para>
-#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:1121
+#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:1120
msgid ""
"The state is increasingly involved in supporting open movements. The Open "
"Government Partnership was launched in 2011 to provide an international "
msgstr ""
#. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><sect1><title>
-#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:1137
+#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:1136
msgid "The Changing Market"
msgstr ""
#. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><sect1><para><footnote><para>
-#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:1145
+#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:1144
msgid "Capra and Mattei, Ecology of Law, 114."
msgstr ""
#. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><sect1><para><footnote><para>
-#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:1153
+#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:1152
msgid "Ibid., 116."
msgstr ""
#. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><sect1><para>
-#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:1139
+#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:1138
msgid ""
"Today’s market is largely driven by global capitalism. Law and financial "
"systems are structured to support extraction, privatization, and corporate "
msgstr ""
#. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><sect1><para><footnote><para>
-#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:1163
+#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:1162
msgid ""
"The Swedish International Development Cooperation Agency, <quote>Stockholm "
"Statement</quote> accessed February 15, 2017, <ulink "
msgstr ""
#. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><sect1><para>
-#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:1157
+#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:1156
msgid ""
"In light of these challenges there is a growing recognition that GDP growth "
"should not be an end in itself, that development needs to be socially and "
msgstr ""
#. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><sect1><para><footnote><para>
-#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:1175
+#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:1174
msgid ""
"City of Bologna, Regulation on Collaboration between Citizens and the City "
"for the Care and Regeneration of Urban Commons, trans. LabGov (LABoratory "
msgstr ""
#. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><sect1><para><footnote><para>
-#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:1185
+#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:1184
msgid ""
"The Seoul Sharing City website is <ulink "
"url=\"http://english.sharehub.kr\"/>; for Amsterdam Sharing City, go to "
msgstr ""
#. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><sect1><para>
-#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:1170
+#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:1169
msgid ""
"These realizations have led to a resurgence of interest in the commons as a "
"means of enabling that balance. City governments like Bologna, Italy, are "
msgstr ""
#. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><sect1><para><footnote><para>
-#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:1202
+#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:1201
msgid ""
"Tom Slee, What’s Yours Is Mine: Against the Sharing Economy (New York: OR "
"Books, 2015), 42."
msgstr ""
#. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><sect1><para>
-#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:1192
+#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:1191
msgid ""
"The market itself has taken an interest in the sharing economy, with "
"businesses like Airbnb providing a peer-to-peer marketplace for short-term "
msgstr ""
#. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><sect1><para><footnote><para>
-#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:1224
+#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:1223
msgid ""
"Chris Anderson, Free: How Today’s Smartest Businesses Profit by Giving "
"Something for Nothing, Reprint with new preface. (New York: Hyperion, "
msgstr ""
#. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><sect1><para>
-#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:1214
+#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:1213
msgid ""
"One way Made with Creative Commons case studies differ from those of the "
"sharing economy is their focus on digital resources. Digital resources "
msgstr ""
#. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><sect1><para>
-#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:1230
+#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:1229
msgid ""
"Those that are Made with Creative Commons are looking to leverage the unique "
"inherent characteristics of digital resources, including lowering costs. The "
msgstr ""
#. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><sect1><para><footnote><para>
-#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:1249
+#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:1248
msgid ""
"Jeremy Rifkin, The Zero Marginal Cost Society: The Internet of Things, the "
"Collaborative Commons, and the Eclipse of Capitalism (New York: Palgrave "
msgstr ""
#. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><sect1><para>
-#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:1244
+#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:1243
msgid ""
"The incremental cost of storing, copying, and distributing digital goods is "
"next to zero, making abundance possible. But imagining a market based on "
msgstr ""
#. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><sect1><para>
-#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:1257
+#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:1256
msgid ""
"Some are looking to minimize their interactions with the market and operate "
"as autonomously as possible. Others are operating largely as a business "
msgstr ""
#. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><sect1><para><footnote><para>
-#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:1271
+#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:1270
msgid ""
"Gar Alperovitz, What Then Must We Do? Straight Talk about the Next American "
"Revolution: Democratizing Wealth and Building a Community-Sustaining Economy "
msgstr ""
#. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><sect1><para><footnote><para>
-#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:1280
+#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:1279
msgid ""
"Marjorie Kelly, Owning Our Future: The Emerging Ownership Revolution; "
"Journeys to a Generative Economy (San Francisco: Berrett-Koehler, 2012), "
msgstr ""
#. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><sect1><para>
-#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:1264
+#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:1263
msgid ""
"For an ordinary corporation, making social benefit a part of its operations "
"is difficult, as it’s legally required to make decisions that financially "
msgstr ""
#. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><sect1><para><footnote><para>
-#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:1292
+#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:1291
msgid ""
"Alex Osterwalder and Yves Pigneur, Business Model Generation (Hoboken, NJ: "
"John Wiley and Sons, 2010). A preview of the book is available at <ulink "
msgstr ""
#. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><sect1><para>
-#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:1285
+#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:1284
msgid ""
"<quote>A book on open business models</quote> is how we described it in this "
"book’s Kickstarter campaign. We used a handbook called Business Model "
msgstr ""
#. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><sect1><para><footnote><para>
-#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:1302
+#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:1301
msgid ""
"This business model canvas is available to download at <ulink "
"url=\"http://strategyzer.com/canvas/business-model-canvas\"/>."
msgstr ""
#. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><sect1><para><footnote><para>
-#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:1310
+#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:1309
msgid ""
"We’ve made the <quote>Open Business Model Canvas,</quote> designed by the "
"coauthor Paul Stacey, available online at <ulink "
msgstr ""
#. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><sect1><para>
-#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:1299
+#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:1298
msgid ""
"It contains a <quote>business model canvas,</quote> which conceives of a "
"business model as having nine building blocks.<placeholder type=\"footnote\" "
msgstr ""
#. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><sect1><para>
-#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:1320
+#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:1319
msgid ""
"In our case study interviews, many expressed discomfort over describing "
"themselves as an open business model—the term business model suggested "
msgstr ""
#. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><sect1><para><footnote><para>
-#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:1342
+#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:1341
msgid ""
"A more comprehensive list of revenue streams is available in this post I "
"wrote on Medium on March 6, 2016. <quote>What Is an Open Business Model and "
msgstr ""
#. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><sect1><para>
-#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:1333
+#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:1332
msgid ""
"The creators, businesses, and organizations we profile all engage with the "
"market to generate revenue in some way. The ways in which this is done vary "
msgstr ""
#. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><sect1><title>
-#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:1354
+#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:1353
msgid "Benefits of the Digital Commons"
msgstr ""
#. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><sect1><para>
-#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:1356
+#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:1355
msgid ""
"While it may be clear why commons-based organizations want to interact and "
"engage with the market (they need money to survive), it may be less obvious "
msgstr ""
#. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><sect1><para>
-#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:1362
+#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:1361
msgid ""
"The commons speeds dissemination. The free flow of resources in the commons "
"offers tremendous economies of scale. Distribution is decentralized, with "
msgstr ""
#. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><sect1><para>
-#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:1371
+#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:1370
msgid ""
"The commons ensures access to all. The market has traditionally operated by "
"putting resources behind a paywall requiring payment first before "
msgstr ""
#. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><sect1><para>
-#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:1384
+#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:1383
msgid ""
"The commons maximizes participation. Resources in the commons can be used "
"and contributed to by everyone. Using the resources of others, contributing "
msgstr ""
#. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><sect1><para><footnote><para>
-#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:1406
+#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:1405
msgid ""
"Henry Chesbrough, Open Innovation: The New Imperative for Creating and "
"Profiting from Technology (Boston: Harvard Business Review Press, 2006), "
msgstr ""
#. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><sect1><para>
-#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:1397
+#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:1396
msgid ""
"The commons spurs innovation. Resources in the hands of more people who can "
"use them leads to new ideas. The way commons resources can be modified, "
msgstr ""
#. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><sect1><para>
-#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:1415
+#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:1414
msgid ""
"The commons boosts reach and impact. The digital commons is "
"global. Resources may be created for a local or regional need, but they go "
msgstr ""
#. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><sect1><para>
-#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:1428
+#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:1427
msgid ""
"The commons is generative. Instead of extracting value, the commons adds "
"value. Digitized resources persist without becoming depleted, and through "
msgstr ""
#. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><sect1><para>
-#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:1442
+#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:1441
msgid ""
"The commons brings people together for a common cause. The commons vests "
"people directly with the responsibility to manage the resources for the "
msgstr ""
#. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><sect1><para>
-#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:1457
+#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:1456
msgid ""
"The benefits of the commons are many. When these benefits align with the "
"goals of individuals, communities, businesses in the market, or state "
msgstr ""
#. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><sect1><title>
-#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:1464
+#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:1463
msgid "Our Case Studies"
msgstr ""
#. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><sect1><para>
-#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:1466
+#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:1465
msgid ""
"The creators, organizations, and businesses in our case studies operate as "
"nonprofits, for-profits, and social enterprises. Regardless of legal "
msgstr ""
#. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><sect1><para>
-#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:1478
+#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:1477
msgid ""
"The case studies are based on the narratives told to us by founders and key "
"staff. Instead of solely using financials as the measure of success and "
msgstr ""
#. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><sect1><para>
-#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:1486
+#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:1485
msgid ""
"Our case studies are diverse, ranging from publishing to education and "
"manufacturing. All of the organizations, businesses, and creators in the "
msgstr ""
#. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><sect1><para>
-#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:1496
+#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:1495
msgid ""
"They are creating new resources, or using the resources of others, or mixing "
"existing resources together to make something new. They, and their audience, "
msgstr ""
#. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><sect1><para>
-#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:1504
+#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:1503
msgid ""
"And as users of Creative Commons licenses, they are automatically part of a "
"global community. The new digital commons is global. Those we profiled come "
msgstr ""
#. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><sect1><para>
-#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:1511
+#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:1510
msgid ""
"Creative Commons licenses may express legal rules around the use of "
"resources in a commons, but success in the commons requires more than "
msgstr ""
#. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><sect1><para>
-#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:1524
+#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:1523
msgid ""
"The new digital commons is here to stay. Made With Creative Commons case "
"studies show how it’s possible to be part of this commons while still "
msgstr ""
#. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><sect1><para>
-#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:1533
+#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:1532
msgid ""
"Enterprise use of Creative Commons has only just begun. The case studies in "
"this book are merely starting points. Each is changing and evolving over "
msgstr ""
#. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><title>
-#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:1544
+#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:1543
msgid "How to Be Made with Creative Commons"
msgstr ""
#. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para>
-#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:1546
+#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:1545
msgid "Sarah Hinchliff Pearson"
msgstr ""
#. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para>
-#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:1549
+#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:1548
msgid ""
"When we began this project in August 2015, we set out to write a book about "
"business models that involve Creative Commons licenses in some significant "
msgstr ""
#. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para>
-#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:1565
+#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:1564
msgid ""
"We analyzed the revenue models, customer segments, and value propositions of "
"each endeavor. We searched for ways that putting their content under "
msgstr ""
#. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para>
-#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:1575
+#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:1574
msgid ""
"In fairly short order, we realized the book we set out to write was quite "
"different from the one that was revealing itself in our interviews and "
msgstr ""
#. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para>
-#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:1580
+#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:1579
msgid ""
"It isn’t that we were wrong to think you can make money while using Creative "
"Commons licenses. In many instances, CC can help make you more money. Nor "
msgstr ""
#. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para><footnote><para>
-#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:1593
+#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:1592
msgid ""
"Alex Osterwalder and Yves Pigneur, Business Model Generation (Hoboken, NJ: "
"John Wiley and Sons, 2010), 14. A preview of the book is available at <ulink "
msgstr ""
#. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para>
-#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:1589
+#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:1588
msgid ""
"According to the seminal handbook Business Model Generation, a business "
"model <quote>describes the rationale of how an organization creates, "
msgstr ""
#. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para>
-#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:1605
+#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:1604
msgid ""
"Eventually, we got it. Being Made with Creative Commons is more than a "
"business model. While we will talk about specific revenue models as one "
msgstr ""
#. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para>
-#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:1612
+#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:1611
msgid ""
"Admittedly, it took me a long time to get there. When Paul and I divided up "
"our writing after finishing the research, my charge was to distill "
msgstr ""
#. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para>
-#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:1622
+#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:1621
msgid ""
"In every interview, we started from the same simple questions. Amid all the "
"diversity among the creators, organizations, and businesses we profiled, "
msgstr ""
#. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para>
-#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:1634
+#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:1633
msgid ""
"But we also started to realize something about what it means to be Made with "
"Creative Commons. When people talked to us about how and why they used CC, "
msgstr ""
#. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para>
-#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:1642
+#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:1641
msgid ""
"At one level, being Made with Creative Commons expresses an affinity for the "
"value of Creative Commons. While there are many different flavors of CC "
msgstr ""
#. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para>
-#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:1656
+#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:1655
msgid ""
"Whether the public makes use of the opportunity to copy and adapt your work, "
"sharing with a Creative Commons license is a symbol of how you want to "
msgstr ""
#. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para>
-#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:1668
+#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:1667
msgid ""
"Being Made with Creative Commons not only demonstrates values connected to "
"CC and sharing. It also demonstrates that something other than profit drives "
msgstr ""
#. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para><footnote><para>
-#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:1681
+#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:1680
msgid ""
"Cory Doctorow, Information Doesn’t Want to Be Free: Laws for the Internet "
"Age (San Francisco, CA: McSweeney’s, 2014) 68."
msgstr ""
#. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para>
-#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:1676
+#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:1675
msgid ""
"The driving motivation varies depending on the type of endeavor. For "
"individual creators, it is most often about personal inspiration. In some "
msgstr ""
#. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para>
-#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:1693
+#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:1692
msgid ""
"Many that are Made with Creative Commons have an express social mission that "
"underpins everything they do. In many cases, sharing with Creative Commons "
msgstr ""
#. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para>
-#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:1703
+#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:1702
msgid ""
"This dynamic is probably one reason why there are so many nonprofit examples "
"of being Made with Creative Commons. The content is the result of a labor of "
msgstr ""
#. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para>
-#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:1713
+#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:1712
msgid ""
"Even if profit isn’t the end goal, you have to bring in money to be "
"successfully Made with Creative Commons. At a bare minimum, you have to make "
msgstr ""
#. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para>
-#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:1718
+#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:1717
msgid ""
"The costs of doing business vary widely for those made with CC, but there is "
"generally a much lower threshold for sustainability than there used to be "
msgstr ""
#. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para><footnote><para>
-#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:1735
+#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:1734
msgid "Ibid., 55."
msgstr ""
#. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para>
-#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:1730
+#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:1729
msgid ""
"Some creation costs are the same as they always were. It takes the same "
"amount of time and money to write a peer-reviewed journal article or paint a "
msgstr ""
#. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para><footnote><para>
-#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:1747
+#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:1746
msgid ""
"Chris Anderson, Free: How Today’s Smartest Businesses Profit by Giving "
"Something for Nothing, reprint with new preface (New York: Hyperion, 2010), "
msgstr ""
#. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para>
-#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:1744
+#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:1743
msgid ""
"Distributing content is almost universally cheaper than ever. Once content "
"is created, the costs to distribute copies digitally are essentially "
msgstr ""
#. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para><footnote><para>
-#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:1769
+#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:1768
msgid "Doctorow, Information Doesn’t Want to Be Free, 44."
msgstr ""
#. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para>
-#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:1759
+#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:1758
msgid ""
"It’s important to recognize that the biggest impact of technology on "
"creative endeavors is that creators can now foot the costs of creation and "
msgstr ""
#. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para>
-#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:1776
+#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:1775
msgid ""
"Whether for an individual creator or a larger endeavor, it usually isn’t "
"enough to break even if you want to make what you’re doing a livelihood. You "
msgstr ""
#. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para>
-#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:1789
+#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:1788
msgid ""
"This book is a testament to the notion that it is possible to make money "
"while using CC licenses and CC-licensed content, but we are still very much "
msgstr ""
#. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para>
-#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:1797
+#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:1796
msgid ""
"There are, however, plenty of ways in which CC licensing can be good for "
"business in fairly predictable ways. The first is how it helps solve "
msgstr ""
#. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><sect1><title>
-#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:1802
+#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:1801
msgid "Problem Zero: Getting Discovered"
msgstr ""
#. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><sect1><para><footnote><para>
-#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:1809
+#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:1808
msgid ""
"Amanda Palmer, The Art of Asking: Or How I Learned to Stop Worrying and Let "
"People Help (New York: Grand Central, 2014), 121."
msgstr ""
#. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><sect1><para><footnote><para>
-#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:1824
+#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:1823
msgid ""
"Chris Anderson, Makers: The New Industrial Revolution (New York: Signal, "
"2012), 64."
msgstr ""
#. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><sect1><para>
-#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:1804
+#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:1803
msgid ""
"Once you create or collect your content, the next step is finding users, "
"customers, fans—in other words, your people. As Amanda Palmer wrote, "
msgstr ""
#. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><sect1><para><footnote><para>
-#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:1838
+#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:1837
msgid ""
"David Bollier, Think Like a Commoner: A Short Introduction to the Life of "
"the Commons (Gabriola Island, BC: New Society, 2014), 70."
msgstr ""
#. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><sect1><para><footnote><para>
-#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:1845
+#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:1844
msgid "Anderson, Makers, 66."
msgstr ""
#. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><sect1><para><footnote><para>
-#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:1850
+#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:1849
msgid ""
"Bryan Kramer, Shareology: How Sharing Is Powering the Human Economy (New "
"York: Morgan James, 2016), 10."
msgstr ""
#. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><sect1><para>
-#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:1830
+#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:1829
msgid ""
"While finding <quote>your people</quote> online is theoretically easier than "
"in the analog world, as a practical matter it can still be difficult to "
msgstr ""
#. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><sect1><para><footnote><para>
-#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:1864
+#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:1863
msgid "Anderson, Free, 62."
msgstr ""
#. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><sect1><para>
-#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:1856
+#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:1855
msgid ""
"When you come to the Internet armed with an all-rights-reserved mentality "
"from the start, you are often restricting access to your work before there "
msgstr ""
#. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><sect1><para><footnote><para>
-#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:1878
+#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:1877
msgid "Doctorow, Information Doesn’t Want to Be Free, 38."
msgstr ""
#. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><sect1><para>
-#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:1874
+#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:1873
msgid ""
"Of course, it’s not that being discovered by people who like your work will "
"make you rich—far from it. But as Cory Doctorow says, <quote>Recognition is "
msgstr ""
#. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><sect1><para>
-#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:1882
+#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:1881
msgid ""
"Choosing not to spend time and energy restricting access to your work and "
"policing infringement also builds goodwill. Lumen Learning, a for-profit "
msgstr ""
#. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><sect1><para><footnote><para>
-#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:1900
+#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:1899
msgid "Bollier, Think Like a Commoner, 68."
msgstr ""
#. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><sect1><para>
-#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:1893
+#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:1892
msgid ""
"It is not just that restricting access to your work may undermine your "
"social mission. It also may alienate the people who most value your creative "
msgstr ""
#. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><sect1><para>
-#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:1904
+#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:1903
msgid ""
"The fact that copying can carry criminal penalties undoubtedly deters "
"copying it, but copying with the click of a button is too easy and "
msgstr ""
#. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><sect1><para>
-#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:1913
+#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:1912
msgid ""
"If you take some amount of copying and sharing your work as a given, you can "
"invest your time and resources elsewhere, rather than wasting them on "
msgstr ""
#. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><sect1><para><footnote><para>
-#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:1933
+#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:1932
msgid "Anderson, Free, 86."
msgstr ""
#. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><sect1><para>
-#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:1929
+#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:1928
msgid ""
"Being Made with Creative Commons means you stop thinking about ways to "
"artificially make your content scarce, and instead leverage it as the "
msgstr ""
#. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><sect1><para><footnote><para>
-#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:1944
+#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:1943
msgid "Doctorow, Information Doesn’t Want to Be Free, 144."
msgstr ""
#. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><sect1><para>
-#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:1941
+#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:1940
msgid ""
"Cory Doctorow says it costs him nothing when other people make copies of his "
"work, and it opens the possibility that he might get something in "
msgstr ""
#. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><sect1><para>
-#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:1954
+#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:1953
msgid ""
"There are all kinds of way to leverage the power of sharing and remix to "
"your benefit. Here are a few."
msgstr ""
#. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><sect1><sect2><title>
-#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:1958
+#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:1957
msgid "Use CC to grow a larger audience"
msgstr ""
#. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><sect1><sect2><para>
-#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:1960
+#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:1959
msgid ""
"Putting a Creative Commons license on your content won’t make it "
"automatically go viral, but eliminating legal barriers to copying the work "
msgstr ""
#. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><sect1><sect2><para>
-#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:1972
+#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:1971
msgid ""
"The Conversation is an online news site with in-depth articles written by "
"academics who are experts on particular topics. All of the articles are "
msgstr ""
#. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><sect1><sect2><para><footnote><para>
-#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:1989
+#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:1988
msgid "Anderson, Free, 123."
msgstr ""
#. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><sect1><sect2><para>
-#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:1981
+#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:1980
msgid ""
"The idea that more eyeballs equates with more success is a form of the max "
"strategy, adopted by Google and other technology companies. According to "
msgstr ""
#. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><sect1><sect2><para><footnote><para>
-#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:2003
+#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:2002
msgid "Ibid., 132."
msgstr ""
#. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><sect1><sect2><para><footnote><para>
-#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:2008
+#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:2007
msgid "Ibid., 70."
msgstr ""
#. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><sect1><sect2><para>
-#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:1998
+#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:1997
msgid ""
"If you are successful in reaching more users, readers, listeners, or other "
"consumers of your work, you can start to benefit from the bandwagon "
msgstr ""
#. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><sect1><sect2><title>
-#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:2013
+#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:2012
msgid "Use CC to get attribution and name recognition"
msgstr ""
#. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><sect1><sect2><para><footnote><para>
-#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:2027
+#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:2026
msgid ""
"James Surowiecki, The Wisdom of Crowds (New York: Anchor Books, 2005), "
"124. Surowiecki says, <quote>The measure of success of laws and contracts is "
msgstr ""
#. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><sect1><sect2><para>
-#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:2015
+#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:2014
msgid ""
"Every Creative Commons license requires that credit be given to the author, "
"and that reusers supply a link back to the original source of the "
msgstr ""
#. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><sect1><sect2><para>
-#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:2038
+#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:2037
msgid ""
"The fact that the name of the creator follows a CC-licensed work makes the "
"licenses an important means to develop a reputation or, in corporate speak, "
msgstr ""
#. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><sect1><sect2><para>
-#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:2052
+#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:2051
msgid ""
"Attribution can be about more than just receiving credit. It can also be "
"about establishing provenance. People naturally want to know where content "
msgstr ""
#. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><sect1><sect2><para>
-#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:2067
+#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:2066
msgid ""
"Knowing the source of a work is also critical to ensuring its "
"credibility. Just as a trademark is designed to give consumers a way to "
msgstr ""
#. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><sect1><sect2><title>
-#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:2077
+#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:2076
msgid "Use CC-licensed content as a marketing tool"
msgstr ""
#. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><sect1><sect2><para>
-#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:2079
+#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:2078
msgid ""
"As we will cover in more detail later, many endeavors that are Made with "
"Creative Commons make money by providing a product or service other than the "
msgstr ""
#. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><sect1><sect2><para><footnote><para>
-#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:2101
+#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:2100
msgid "Anderson, Free, 44."
msgstr ""
#. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><sect1><sect2><para>
-#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:2088
+#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:2087
msgid ""
"Knowledge Unlatched’s Pinter told us she has seen time and again how "
"offering CC-licensed content—that is, digitally for free—actually increases "
msgstr ""
#. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><sect1><sect2><para>
-#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:2105
+#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:2104
msgid ""
"In some cases, endeavors that are Made with Creative Commons do not even "
"need dedicated marketing teams or marketing budgets. Cards Against Humanity "
msgstr ""
#. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><sect1><sect2><title>
-#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:2122
+#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:2121
msgid "Use CC to enable hands-on engagement with your work"
msgstr ""
#. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><sect1><sect2><para>
-#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:2125
+#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:2124
msgid ""
"The great promise of Creative Commons licensing is that it signifies an "
"embrace of remix culture. Indeed, this is the great promise of digital "
msgstr ""
#. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><sect1><sect2><para><footnote><para>
-#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:2139
+#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:2138
msgid "Osterwalder and Pigneur, Business Model Generation, 23."
msgstr ""
#. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><sect1><sect2><para>
-#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:2132
+#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:2131
msgid ""
"Four of the six CC licenses enable reusers to take apart, build upon, or "
"otherwise adapt the work. Depending on the context, adaptation can mean "
msgstr ""
#. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><sect1><sect2><para><footnote><para>
-#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:2152
+#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:2151
msgid "Anderson, Free, 67."
msgstr ""
#. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><sect1><sect2><para><footnote><para>
-#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:2157
+#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:2156
msgid "Ibid., 58."
msgstr ""
#. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><sect1><sect2><para><footnote><para>
-#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:2160
+#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:2159
msgid "Anderson, Makers, 71."
msgstr ""
#. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><sect1><sect2><para><footnote><para>
-#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:2165
+#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:2164
msgid ""
"Clay Shirky, Cognitive Surplus: How Technology Makes Consumers into "
"Collaborators (London: Penguin Books, 2010), 78."
msgstr ""
#. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><sect1><sect2><para>
-#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:2147
+#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:2146
msgid ""
"This is a way to counteract a potential downside of the abundance of free "
"and open content described above. As Anderson wrote in Free, <quote>People "
msgstr ""
#. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><sect1><sect2><para><footnote><para>
-#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:2178
+#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:2177
msgid "Ibid., 21."
msgstr ""
#. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><sect1><sect2><para>
-#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:2171
+#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:2170
msgid ""
"Actively engaging with the content helps us avoid the type of aimless "
"consumption that anyone who has absentmindedly scrolled through their "
msgstr ""
#. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><sect1><sect2><title>
-#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:2184
+#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:2183
msgid "Use CC to differentiate yourself"
msgstr ""
#. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><sect1><sect2><para><footnote><para>
-#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:2193
+#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:2192
msgid "Doctorow, Information Doesn’t Want to Be Free, 43."
msgstr ""
#. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><sect1><sect2><para>
-#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:2186
+#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:2185
msgid ""
"Operating under a traditional copyright regime usually means operating under "
"the rules of establishment players in the media. Business strategies that "
msgstr ""
#. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><sect1><title>
-#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:2205
+#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:2204
msgid "Making Money"
msgstr ""
#. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><sect1><para><footnote><para>
-#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:2215
+#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:2214
msgid ""
"William Landes Foster, Peter Kim, and Barbara Christiansen, <quote>Ten "
"Nonprofit Funding Models,</quote> Stanford Social Innovation Review, Spring "
msgstr ""
#. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><sect1><para>
-#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:2207
+#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:2206
msgid ""
"Like any moneymaking endeavor, those that are Made with Creative Commons "
"have to generate some type of value for their audience or "
msgstr ""
#. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><sect1><para><footnote><para>
-#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:2236
+#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:2235
msgid "Shirky, Cognitive Surplus, 111."
msgstr ""
#. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><sect1><para>
-#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:2228
+#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:2227
msgid ""
"Most who are Made with Creative Commons use a variety of methods to bring in "
"revenue, some market-based and some not. One common strategy is using grant "
msgstr ""
#. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><sect1><para>
-#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:2240
+#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:2239
msgid ""
"Our case studies explore in more detail the various revenue-generating "
"mechanisms used by the creators, organizations, and businesses we "
msgstr ""
#. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><sect1><sect2><title>
-#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:2249
+#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:2248
msgid "Market-based revenue streams"
msgstr ""
#. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><sect1><sect2><para><footnote><para>
-#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:2254
+#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:2253
msgid "Osterwalder and Pigneur, Business Model Generation, 30."
msgstr ""
#. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><sect1><sect2><para><footnote><para>
-#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:2261
+#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:2260
msgid ""
"Jim Whitehurst, The Open Organization: Igniting Passion and Performance "
"(Boston: Harvard Business Review Press, 2015), 202."
msgstr ""
#. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><sect1><sect2><para>
-#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:2251
+#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:2250
msgid ""
"In the market, the central question when determining how to bring in revenue "
"is what value people are willing to pay for.<placeholder type=\"footnote\" "
msgstr ""
#. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><sect1><sect2><para><footnote><para>
-#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:2277
+#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:2276
msgid "Anderson, Free, 71."
msgstr ""
#. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><sect1><sect2><para>
-#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:2267
+#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:2266
msgid ""
"In many ways, this is the way of the future for all content-driven "
"endeavors. In the market, value lives in things that are scarce. Because the "
msgstr ""
#. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><sect1><sect2><para><footnote><para>
-#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:2296
+#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:2295
msgid "Ibid., 231."
msgstr ""
#. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><sect1><sect2><para>
-#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:2286
+#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:2285
msgid ""
"Of course, this doesn’t mean that content-driven endeavors have no future in "
"the traditional marketplace. In Free, Anderson explains how when one product "
msgstr ""
#. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><sect1><sect2><para>
-#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:2300
+#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:2299
msgid ""
"In light of this reality, in some ways endeavors that are Made with Creative "
"Commons are at a level playing field with all content-based endeavors in the "
msgstr ""
#. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><sect1><sect2><para>
-#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:2309
+#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:2308
msgid ""
"For content creators and distributors, there are nearly infinite ways to "
"provide value to the consumers of your work, above and beyond the value that "
msgstr ""
#. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><sect1><sect2><para>
-#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:2316
+#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:2315
msgid "Here are the most common high-level categories."
msgstr ""
#. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><sect1><sect2><title>
-#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:2320
+#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:2319
msgid ""
"Providing a custom service to consumers of your work "
"<emphasis>[MARKET-BASED]</emphasis>"
msgstr ""
#. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><sect1><sect2><para><footnote><para>
-#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:2330
+#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:2329
msgid "Ibid., 97."
msgstr ""
#. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><sect1><sect2><para>
-#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:2323
+#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:2322
msgid ""
"In this age of information abundance, we don’t lack for content. The trick "
"is finding content that matches our needs and wants, so customized services "
msgstr ""
#. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><sect1><sect2><title>
-#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:2338
+#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:2337
msgid "Charging for the physical copy <emphasis>[MARKET-BASED]</emphasis>"
msgstr ""
#. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><sect1><sect2><para><footnote><para>
-#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:2345
+#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:2344
msgid "Anderson, Makers, 107."
msgstr ""
#. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><sect1><sect2><para>
-#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:2341
+#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:2340
msgid ""
"In his book about maker culture, Anderson characterizes this model as giving "
"away the bits and selling the atoms (where bits refers to digital content "
msgstr ""
#. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><sect1><sect2><title>
-#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:2369
+#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:2368
msgid "Charging for the in-person version <emphasis>[MARKET-BASED]</emphasis>"
msgstr ""
#. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><sect1><sect2><para>
-#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:2372
+#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:2371
msgid ""
"As anyone who has ever gone to a concert will tell you, experiencing "
"creativity in person is a completely different experience from consuming a "
msgstr ""
#. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><sect1><sect2><title>
-#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:2383
+#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:2382
msgid "Selling merchandise <emphasis>[MARKET-BASED]</emphasis>"
msgstr ""
#. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><sect1><sect2><para>
-#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:2386
+#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:2385
msgid ""
"In many cases, people who like your work will pay for products demonstrating "
"a connection to your work. As a child of the 1980s, I can personally attest "
msgstr ""
#. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><sect1><sect2><para><footnote><para>
-#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:2403
+#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:2402
msgid "Osterwalder and Pigneur, Business Model Generation, 89."
msgstr ""
#. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><sect1><sect2><para>
-#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:2393
+#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:2392
msgid ""
"Sometimes the way to find a market-based revenue stream is by providing "
"value to people other than those who consume your CC-licensed content. In "
msgstr ""
#. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><sect1><sect2><title>
-#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:2410
+#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:2409
msgid "Charging advertisers or sponsors <emphasis>[MARKET-BASED]</emphasis>"
msgstr ""
#. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><sect1><sect2><para><footnote><para>
-#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:2418
+#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:2417
msgid "Ibid., 92."
msgstr ""
#. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><sect1><sect2><para><footnote><para>
-#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:2422
+#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:2421
msgid "Anderson, Free, 142."
msgstr ""
#. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><sect1><sect2><para>
-#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:2413
+#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:2412
msgid ""
"The traditional model of subsidizing free content is advertising. In this "
"version of multi-sided platforms, advertisers pay for the opportunity to "
msgstr ""
#. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><sect1><sect2><title>
-#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:2431
+#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:2430
msgid "Charging your content creators <emphasis>[MARKET-BASED]</emphasis>"
msgstr ""
#. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><sect1><sect2><para>
-#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:2434
+#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:2433
msgid ""
"Another type of multisided platform is where the content creators themselves "
"pay to be featured on the platform. Obviously, this revenue stream is only "
msgstr ""
#. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><sect1><sect2><title>
-#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:2448
+#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:2447
msgid "Charging a transaction fee <emphasis>[MARKET-BASED]</emphasis>"
msgstr ""
#. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><sect1><sect2><para><footnote><para>
-#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:2453
+#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:2452
msgid "Osterwalder and Pigneur, Business Model Generation, 32."
msgstr ""
#. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><sect1><sect2><para>
-#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:2451
+#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:2450
msgid ""
"This is a version of a traditional business model based on brokering "
"transactions between parties.<placeholder type=\"footnote\" id=\"0\"/> "
msgstr ""
#. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><sect1><sect2><title>
-#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:2465
+#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:2464
msgid "Providing a service to your creators <emphasis>[MARKET-BASED]</emphasis>"
msgstr ""
#. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><sect1><sect2><para>
-#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:2468
+#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:2467
msgid ""
"As mentioned above, endeavors can make money by providing customized "
"services to their users. Platforms can undertake a variation of this service "
msgstr ""
#. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><sect1><sect2><title>
-#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:2478
+#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:2477
msgid "Licensing a trademark <emphasis>[MARKET-BASED]</emphasis>"
msgstr ""
#. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><sect1><sect2><para>
-#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:2481
+#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:2480
msgid ""
"Finally, some that are Made with Creative Commons make money by selling use "
"of their trademarks. Well known brands that consumers associate with "
msgstr ""
#. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><sect1><sect2><title>
-#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:2493
+#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:2492
msgid "Reciprocity-based revenue streams"
msgstr ""
#. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><sect1><sect2><para>
-#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:2495
+#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:2494
msgid ""
"Even if we set aside grant funding, we found that the traditional economic "
"framework of understanding the market failed to fully capture the ways the "
msgstr ""
#. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><sect1><sect2><para>
-#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:2502
+#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:2501
msgid ""
"Rather than devising a scheme to get people to pay money in exchange for "
"some direct value provided to them, many of the revenue streams were more "
msgstr ""
#. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><sect1><sect2><para>
-#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:2515
+#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:2514
msgid ""
"This should be a familiar dynamic—it is the way you deal with your friends "
"and family. We give without regard for what and when we will get back. David "
msgstr ""
#. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><sect1><sect2><para><footnote><para>
-#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:2525
+#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:2524
msgid "Bollier, Think Like a Commoner, 150."
msgstr ""
#. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><sect1><sect2><para><footnote><para>
-#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:2529
+#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:2528
msgid "Ibid., 134."
msgstr ""
#. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><sect1><sect2><para>
-#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:2523
+#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:2522
msgid ""
"What is rare is to incorporate this sort of relationship into an endeavor "
"that also engages with the market.<placeholder type=\"footnote\" id=\"0\"/> "
msgstr ""
#. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><sect1><sect2><title>
-#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:2534
+#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:2533
msgid ""
"Memberships and individual donations "
"<emphasis>[RECIPROCITY-BASED]</emphasis>"
msgstr ""
#. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><sect1><sect2><para>
-#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:2537
+#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:2536
msgid ""
"While memberships and donations are traditional nonprofit funding models, in "
"the Made with Creative Commons context, they are directly tied to the "
msgstr ""
#. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><sect1><sect2><title>
-#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:2553
+#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:2552
msgid "The pay-what-you-want model <emphasis>[RECIPROCITY-BASED]</emphasis>"
msgstr ""
#. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><sect1><sect2><para>
-#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:2556
+#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:2555
msgid ""
"In the pay-what-you-want model, the beneficiary of Creative Commons content "
"is invited to give—at any amount they can and feel is appropriate, based on "
msgstr ""
#. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><sect1><sect2><title>
-#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:2569
+#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:2568
msgid "Crowdfunding <emphasis>[RECIPROCITY-BASED]</emphasis>"
msgstr ""
#. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><sect1><sect2><para>
-#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:2572
+#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:2571
msgid ""
"Crowdfunding models are based on recouping the costs of creating and "
"distributing content before the content is created. If the endeavor is Made "
msgstr ""
#. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><sect1><sect2><para>
-#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:2590
+#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:2589
msgid ""
"Other types of crowdfunding rely on a sense of responsibility that a "
"particular community may feel. Knowledge Unlatched pools funds from major "
msgstr ""
#. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><sect1><title>
-#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:2601
+#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:2600
msgid "Making Human Connections"
msgstr ""
#. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><sect1><para>
-#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:2603
+#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:2602
msgid ""
"Regardless of how they made money, in our interviews, we repeatedly heard "
"language like <quote>persuading people to buy</quote> and <quote>inviting "
msgstr ""
#. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><sect1><para>
-#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:2620
+#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:2619
msgid ""
"Nearly every endeavor we profiled relied, at least in part, on people being "
"invested in what they do. The closer the Creative Commons content is to "
msgstr ""
#. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><sect1><para>
-#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:2628
+#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:2627
msgid ""
"It took me a very long time to see how this avoidance of thinking about what "
"they do in pure market terms was deeply tied to being Made with Creative "
msgstr ""
#. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><sect1><para>
-#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:2633
+#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:2632
msgid ""
"I came to the research with preconceived notions about what Creative Commons "
"is and what it means to be Made with Creative Commons. It turned out I was "
msgstr ""
#. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><sect1><para>
-#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:2638
+#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:2637
msgid ""
"Obviously, being Made with Creative Commons means using Creative Commons "
"licenses. That much I knew. But in our interviews, people spoke of so much "
msgstr ""
#. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><sect1><para>
-#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:2649
+#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:2648
msgid ""
"Being Made with Creative Commons is not just about the simple act of "
"licensing a copyrighted work under a set of standardized terms, but also "
msgstr ""
#. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><sect1><para>
-#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:2663
+#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:2662
msgid ""
"The rest of this section will explore some of the common strategies that "
"creators, companies, and organizations use to remind us that there are "
msgstr ""
#. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><sect1><sect2><title>
-#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:2670
+#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:2669
msgid "Be human"
msgstr ""
#. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><sect1><sect2><para><footnote><para>
-#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:2674
+#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:2673
msgid ""
"Dan Ariely, Predictably Irrational: The Hidden Forces That Shape Our "
"Decisions, rev. ed. (New York: Harper Perennial, 2010), 109."
msgstr ""
#. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><sect1><sect2><para>
-#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:2672
+#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:2671
msgid ""
"Humans are social animals, which means we are naturally inclined to treat "
"each other well.<placeholder type=\"footnote\" id=\"0\"/> But the further "
msgstr ""
#. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><sect1><sect2><para><footnote><para>
-#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:2698
+#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:2697
msgid ""
"Austin Kleon, Show Your Work: 10 Ways to Share Your Creativity and Get "
"Discovered (New York: Workman, 2014), 93."
msgstr ""
#. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><sect1><sect2><para>
-#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:2685
+#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:2684
msgid ""
"To counteract the anonymous and impersonal tendencies of how we operate "
"online, individual creators and corporations who use Creative Commons "
msgstr ""
#. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><sect1><sect2><para>
-#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:2704
+#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:2703
msgid ""
"A critical component to doing this effectively is not worrying about being a "
"<quote>brand.</quote> That means not being afraid to be vulnerable. Amanda "
msgstr ""
#. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><sect1><sect2><para><footnote><para>
-#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:2725
+#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:2724
msgid "Kramer, Shareology, 76."
msgstr ""
#. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><sect1><sect2><para>
-#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:2717
+#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:2716
msgid ""
"This advice is probably even more important for businesses and organizations "
"because we instinctively conceive of them as nonhuman (though in the United "
msgstr ""
#. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><sect1><sect2><title>
-#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:2731
+#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:2730
msgid "Be open and accountable"
msgstr ""
#. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><sect1><sect2><para><footnote><para>
-#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:2740
+#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:2739
msgid "Palmer, Art of Asking, 252."
msgstr ""
#. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><sect1><sect2><para><footnote><para>
-#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:2745
+#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:2744
msgid "Whitehurst, Open Organization, 145."
msgstr ""
#. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><sect1><sect2><para>
-#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:2733
+#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:2732
msgid ""
"Transparency helps people understand who you are and why you do what you do, "
"but it also inspires trust. Max Temkin of Cards Against Humanity told us, "
msgstr ""
#. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><sect1><sect2><para><footnote><para>
-#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:2754
+#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:2753
msgid "Surowiecki, Wisdom of Crowds, 203."
msgstr ""
#. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><sect1><sect2><para><footnote><para>
-#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:2761
+#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:2760
msgid "Whitehurst, Open Organization, 80."
msgstr ""
#. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><sect1><sect2><para>
-#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:2749
+#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:2748
msgid ""
"Being accountable does not mean operating on consensus. According to James "
"Surowiecki, consensus-driven groups tend to resort to "
msgstr ""
#. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><sect1><sect2><title>
-#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:2769
+#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:2768
msgid "Design for the good actors"
msgstr ""
#. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><sect1><sect2><para><footnote><para>
-#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:2773
+#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:2772
msgid "Bollier, Think Like a Commoner, 25."
msgstr ""
#. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><sect1><sect2><para><footnote><para>
-#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:2778
+#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:2777
msgid "Ibid., 31."
msgstr ""
#. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><sect1><sect2><para>
-#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:2771
+#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:2770
msgid ""
"Traditional economics assumes people make decisions based solely on their "
"own economic self-interest.<placeholder type=\"footnote\" id=\"0\"/> Any "
msgstr ""
#. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><sect1><sect2><para><footnote><para>
-#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:2797
+#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:2796
msgid "Shirky, Cognitive Surplus, 112."
msgstr ""
#. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><sect1><sect2><para>
-#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:2791
+#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:2790
msgid ""
"The assumption that people will largely do the right thing can be a "
"self-fulfilling prophecy. Shirky wrote in Cognitive Surplus, <quote>Systems "
msgstr ""
#. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><sect1><sect2><para><footnote><para>
-#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:2815
+#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:2814
msgid "Surowiecki, Wisdom of Crowds, 124."
msgstr ""
#. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><sect1><sect2><para>
-#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:2804
+#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:2803
msgid ""
"Rather than trying to exert control over people’s behavior, this mode of "
"operating requires a certain level of trust. We might not realize it, but "
msgstr ""
#. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><sect1><sect2><title>
-#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:2820
+#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:2819
msgid "Treat humans like, well, humans"
msgstr ""
#. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><sect1><sect2><para><footnote><para>
-#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:2825
+#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:2824
msgid "Kleon, Show Your Work, 127."
msgstr ""
#. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><sect1><sect2><para><footnote><para>
-#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:2833
+#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:2832
msgid "Palmer, Art of Asking, 121."
msgstr ""
#. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><sect1><sect2><para>
-#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:2822
+#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:2821
msgid ""
"For creators, treating people as humans means not treating them like "
"fans. As Kleon says, <quote>If you want fans, you have to be a fan "
msgstr ""
#. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><sect1><sect2><para>
-#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:2837
+#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:2836
msgid ""
"The same idea goes for businesses and organizations. Rather than automating "
"its customer service, the music platform Tribe of Noise makes a point to "
msgstr ""
#. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><sect1><sect2><para><footnote><para>
-#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:2848
+#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:2847
msgid "Ariely, Predictably Irrational, 87."
msgstr ""
#. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><sect1><sect2><para><footnote><para>
-#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:2858
+#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:2857
msgid "Ibid., 105."
msgstr ""
#. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><sect1><sect2><para>
-#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:2843
+#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:2842
msgid ""
"When we treat people like humans, they typically return the gift in "
"kind. It’s called karma. But social relationships are fragile. It is all too "
msgstr ""
#. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><sect1><sect2><title>
-#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:2863
+#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:2862
msgid "State your principles and stick to them"
msgstr ""
#. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><sect1><sect2><para>
-#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:2865
+#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:2864
msgid ""
"Being Made with Creative Commons makes a statement about who you are and "
"what you do. The symbolism is powerful. Using Creative Commons licenses "
msgstr ""
#. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><sect1><sect2><para>
-#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:2877
+#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:2876
msgid ""
"The expression of your values doesn’t have to be implicit. In fact, many of "
"the people we interviewed talked about how important it is to state your "
msgstr ""
#. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><sect1><sect2><para><footnote><para>
-#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:2892
+#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:2891
msgid "Ibid., 36."
msgstr ""
#. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><sect1><sect2><para>
-#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:2888
+#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:2887
msgid ""
"When your end goal is not about making a profit, people trust that you "
"aren’t just trying to extract value for your own gain. People notice when "
msgstr ""
#. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><sect1><sect2><title>
-#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:2898
+#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:2897
msgid "Build a community"
msgstr ""
#. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><sect1><sect2><para><footnote><para>
-#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:2906
+#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:2905
msgid ""
"Jono Bacon, The Art of Community, 2nd ed. (Sebastopol, CA: O’Reilly Media, "
"2012), 36."
msgstr ""
#. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><sect1><sect2><para>
-#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:2900
+#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:2899
msgid ""
"Endeavors that are Made with Creative Commons thrive when community is built "
"around what they do. This may mean a community collaborating together to "
msgstr ""
#. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><sect1><sect2><para><footnote><para>
-#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:2922
+#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:2921
msgid "Palmer, Art of Asking, 98."
msgstr ""
#. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><sect1><sect2><para><footnote><para>
-#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:2929
+#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:2928
msgid "Whitehurst, Open Organization, 34."
msgstr ""
#. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><sect1><sect2><para>
-#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:2914
+#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:2913
msgid ""
"To be sustainable, though, you have to work to nurture community. People "
"have to care—about you and each other. One critical piece to this is "
msgstr ""
#. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><sect1><sect2><para><footnote><para>
-#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:2941
+#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:2940
msgid "Surowiecki, Wisdom of Crowds, 200."
msgstr ""
#. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><sect1><sect2><para><footnote><para>
-#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:2945
+#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:2944
msgid "Bollier, Think Like a Commoner, 29."
msgstr ""
#. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><sect1><sect2><para>
-#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:2933
+#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:2932
msgid ""
"Communities that collaborate together take deliberate planning. Surowiecki "
"wrote, <quote>It takes a lot of work to put the group together. It’s "
msgstr ""
#. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><sect1><sect2><para>
-#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:2951
+#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:2950
msgid ""
"Community takes work, but working together, or even simply being connected "
"around common interests or values, is in many ways what sharing is about."
msgstr ""
#. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><sect1><sect2><title>
-#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:2957
+#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:2956
msgid "Give more to the commons than you take"
msgstr ""
#. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><sect1><sect2><para><footnote><para>
-#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:2968
+#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:2967
msgid ""
"Giana Eckhardt and Fleura Bardhi, <quote>The Sharing Economy Isn’t about "
"Sharing at All,</quote> Harvard Business Review (website), January 28, 2015, "
msgstr ""
#. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><sect1><sect2><para><footnote><para>
-#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:2976
+#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:2975
msgid ""
"Lisa Gansky, The Mesh: Why the Future of Business Is Sharing, reprint with "
"new epilogue (New York: Portfolio, 2012)."
msgstr ""
#. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><sect1><sect2><para>
-#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:2959
+#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:2958
msgid ""
"Conventional wisdom in the marketplace dictates that people should try to "
"extract as much money as possible from resources. This is essentially what "
msgstr ""
#. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><sect1><sect2><para><footnote><para>
-#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:2992
+#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:2991
msgid ""
"David Lee, <quote>Inside Medium: An Attempt to Bring Civility to the "
"Internet,</quote> BBC News, March 3, 2016, <ulink "
msgstr ""
#. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><sect1><sect2><para>
-#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:2982
+#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:2981
msgid ""
"Sharing requires adding as much or more value to the ecosystem than you "
"take. You can’t simply treat open content as a free pool of resources from "
msgstr ""
#. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><sect1><sect2><para>
-#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:3001
+#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:3000
msgid ""
"In all cases, it is important to openly acknowledge the amount of value you "
"add versus that which you draw on that was created by others. Being "
msgstr ""
#. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><sect1><sect2><title>
-#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:3012
+#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:3011
msgid "Involve people in what you do"
msgstr ""
#. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><sect1><sect2><para><footnote><para>
-#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:3017
+#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:3016
msgid "Anderson, Makers, 148."
msgstr ""
#. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><sect1><sect2><para><footnote><para>
-#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:3021
+#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:3020
msgid "Shirky, Cognitive Surplus, 164."
msgstr ""
#. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><sect1><sect2><para><footnote><para>
-#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:3028 MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:3092
+#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:3027 MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:3091
msgid "Whitehurst, foreword to Open Organization."
msgstr ""
#. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><sect1><sect2><para>
-#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:3014
+#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:3013
msgid ""
"Thanks to the Internet, we can tap into the talents and expertise of people "
"around the globe. Chris Anderson calls it the Long Tail of "
msgstr ""
#. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><sect1><sect2><para><footnote><para>
-#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:3041
+#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:3040
msgid "Shirky, Cognitive Surplus, 144."
msgstr ""
#. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><sect1><sect2><para>
-#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:3032
+#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:3031
msgid ""
"As the success of Wikipedia demonstrates, editing an online encyclopedia is "
"exactly the sort of activity that is perfect for massive co-creation because "
msgstr ""
#. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><sect1><sect2><para><quote><footnote><para>
-#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:3053
+#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:3052
msgid "Ibid., 154."
msgstr ""
#. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><sect1><sect2><para><footnote><para>
-#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:3065
+#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:3064
msgid "Palmer, Art of Asking, 163."
msgstr ""
#. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><sect1><sect2><para>
-#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:3045
+#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:3044
msgid ""
"It is easy to romanticize the opportunities for global cocreation made "
"possible by the Internet, and, indeed, the successful examples of it are "
"individual creators, where the creative work is the basis for what they do, "
"community cocreation is only rarely a part of the picture. Even musician "
"Amanda Palmer, who is famous for her openness and involvement with her fans, "
-"said, “The only department where I wasn’t open to input was the writing, the "
-"
music itself.</quote><placeholder type=\"footnote\" id=\"1\"/>"
+"said,</quote>The only department where I wasn’t open to input was the "
+"
writing, the music itself.\"<placeholder type=\"footnote\" id=\"1\"/>"
msgstr ""
#. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><sect1><sect2><para><footnote><para>
-#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:3076
+#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:3075
msgid "Anderson, Makers, 173."
msgstr ""
#. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><sect1><sect2><para><footnote><para>
-#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:3083
+#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:3082
msgid ""
"Tom Kelley and David Kelley, Creative Confidence: Unleashing the Potential "
"within Us All (New York: Crown, 2013), 82."
msgstr ""
#. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><sect1><sect2><para>
-#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:3069
+#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:3068
msgid ""
"While we tend to immediately think of cocreation and remixing when we hear "
"the word collaboration, you can also involve others in your creative process "
msgstr ""
#. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><sect1><sect2><para><footnote><para>
-#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:3100
+#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:3099
msgid ""
"Rachel Botsman and Roo Rogers, What’s Mine Is Yours: The Rise of "
"Collaborative Consumption (New York: Harper Business, 2010), 188."
msgstr ""
#. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><sect1><sect2><para>
-#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:3089
+#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:3088
msgid ""
"There is no one way to involve people in what you do. They key is finding a "
"way for people to contribute on their terms, compelled by their own "
msgstr ""
#. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><title>
-#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:3109
+#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:3108
msgid "The Creative Commons Licenses"
msgstr ""
#. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para>
-#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:3111
+#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:3110
msgid ""
"All of the Creative Commons licenses grant a basic set of permissions. At a "
"minimum, a CC- licensed work can be copied and shared in its original form "
msgstr ""
#. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para>
-#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:3125
+#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:3124
msgid "Here are the six licenses:"
msgstr ""
#. type: Attribute 'fileref' of: <book><part><chapter><para><inlinemediaobject><imageobject><imagedata>
-#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:3130
+#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:3129
msgid "Pictures/10000201000001930000008D83BF99FC0821C489.png"
msgstr ""
#. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para>
-#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:3128 MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:3142 MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:3158 MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:3170 MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:3183 MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:3196 MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:3216 MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:3228
+#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:3127 MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:3141 MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:3157 MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:3169 MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:3182 MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:3195 MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:3215 MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:3227
msgid "<placeholder type=\"inlinemediaobject\" id=\"0\"/>"
msgstr ""
#. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para>
-#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:3135
+#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:3134
msgid ""
"The Attribution license (CC BY) lets others distribute, remix, tweak, and "
"build upon your work, even commercially, as long as they credit you for the "
msgstr ""
#. type: Attribute 'fileref' of: <book><part><chapter><para><inlinemediaobject><imageobject><imagedata>
-#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:3144
+#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:3143
msgid "Pictures/10000201000001930000008DFD3592CB17C4EC38.png"
msgstr ""
#. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para>
-#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:3149
+#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:3148
msgid ""
"The Attribution-Share-Alike license (CC BY-SA) lets others remix, tweak, and "
"build upon your work, even for commercial purposes, as long as they credit "
msgstr ""
#. type: Attribute 'fileref' of: <book><part><chapter><para><inlinemediaobject><imageobject><imagedata>
-#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:3160
+#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:3159
msgid "Pictures/10000201000001930000008D254882DE24793FEA.png"
msgstr ""
#. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para>
-#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:3165
+#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:3164
msgid ""
"The Attribution-NoDerivs license (CC BY-ND) allows for redistribution, "
"commercial and noncommercial, as long as it is passed along unchanged with "
msgstr ""
#. type: Attribute 'fileref' of: <book><part><chapter><para><inlinemediaobject><imageobject><imagedata>
-#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:3172
+#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:3171
msgid "Pictures/10000201000001930000008DCAF78FB61D1CBDA6.png"
msgstr ""
#. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para>
-#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:3177
+#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:3176
msgid ""
"The Attribution-NonCommercial license (CC BY-NC) lets others remix, tweak, "
"and build upon your work noncommercially. Although their new works must also "
msgstr ""
#. type: Attribute 'fileref' of: <book><part><chapter><para><inlinemediaobject><imageobject><imagedata>
-#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:3185
+#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:3184
msgid "Pictures/10000201000001930000008D16DA603376395620.png"
msgstr ""
#. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para>
-#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:3190
+#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:3189
msgid ""
"The Attribution-NonCommercial-ShareAlike license (CC BY-NC-SA) lets others "
"remix, tweak, and build upon your work noncommercially, as long as they "
msgstr ""
#. type: Attribute 'fileref' of: <book><part><chapter><para><inlinemediaobject><imageobject><imagedata>
-#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:3198
+#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:3197
msgid "Pictures/10000201000001930000008DC3FEF92B21310965.png"
msgstr ""
#. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para>
-#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:3203
+#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:3202
msgid ""
"The Attribution-NonCommercial-NoDerivs license (CC BY-NC-ND) is the most "
"restrictive of our six main licenses, only allowing others to download your "
msgstr ""
#. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para>
-#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:3210
+#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:3209
msgid ""
"In addition to these six licenses, Creative Commons has two public-domain "
"tools—one for creators and the other for those who manage collections of "
msgstr ""
#. type: Attribute 'fileref' of: <book><part><chapter><para><inlinemediaobject><imageobject><imagedata>
-#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:3218
+#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:3217
msgid "Pictures/10000201000001900000008DBE3414994CD27786.png"
msgstr ""
#. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para>
-#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:3223
+#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:3222
msgid ""
"CC0 enables authors and copyright owners to dedicate their works to the "
"worldwide public domain (<quote>no rights reserved</quote>)."
msgstr ""
#. type: Attribute 'fileref' of: <book><part><chapter><para><inlinemediaobject><imageobject><imagedata>
-#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:3230
+#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:3229
msgid "Pictures/10000201000001900000008D36DCD649C5B1411F.png"
msgstr ""
#. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para>
-#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:3235
+#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:3234
msgid ""
"The Creative Commons Public Domain Mark facilitates the labeling and "
"discovery of works that are already free of known copyright restrictions."
msgstr ""
#. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para>
-#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:3240
+#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:3239
msgid ""
"In our case studies, some use just one Creative Commons license, others use "
"several. Attribution (found in thirteen case studies) and "
msgstr ""
#. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para>
-#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:3251
+#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:3250
msgid ""
"There is a popular misconception that the three NonCommercial licenses "
"offered by CC are the only options for those who want to make money off "
msgstr ""
#. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para>
-#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:3265
+#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:3264
msgid ""
"The decision to choose a NonCommercial and/or NoDerivs license comes down to "
"how much you need to retain control over the creative work. The "
msgstr ""
#. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para>
-#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:3278
+#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:3277
msgid ""
"Other times the decision to use a more restrictive license is due to a "
"concern about the integrity of the work. For example, the nonprofit "
msgstr ""
#. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para>
-#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:3285
+#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:3284
msgid ""
"There is no one right way. The NonCommercial and NoDerivs restrictions "
"reflect the values and preferences of creators about how their creative work "
msgstr ""
#. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para>
-#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:3297
+#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:3296
msgid "Note"
msgstr ""
#. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para>
-#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:3300
+#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:3299
msgid ""
"For more about the licenses including examples and tips on sharing your work "
"in the digital commons, start with the Creative Commons page called "
-"<quote>Share Your Work</quote> at <ulink "
-"url=\"http://creativecommons.org/share-your-work/\"/>."
+"<quote>Share Your Work</quote> at"
+msgstr ""
+
+#. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para>
+#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:3303
+msgid "<ulink url=\"http://creativecommons.org/share-your-work/\"/>."
msgstr ""
#. type: Content of: <book><part><title>
msgstr ""
#. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><blockquote><para>
-#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:3344 MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:4195
+#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:3344 MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:4200
msgid "<emphasis role=\"strong\">Interview date</emphasis>: February 4, 2016"
msgstr ""
msgstr ""
#. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><blockquote><para>
-#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:3351 MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:4202 MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:4638 MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:4880 MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:5162 MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:5472 MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:5985 MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:6239 MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:6561 MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:6913 MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:7457 MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:7741 MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:8211 MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:8992
+#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:3351 MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:4207 MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:4643 MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:4888 MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:5173 MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:5483 MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:5998 MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:6252 MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:6574 MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:6926 MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:7470 MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:7754 MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:8224 MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:9005
msgid "Profile written by Paul Stacey"
msgstr ""
msgstr ""
#. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><blockquote><para>
-#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:3593 MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:3784 MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:3980 MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:4401 MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:5774 MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:7225 MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:8009 MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:8537 MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:8759 MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:9230
+#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:3593 MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:3784 MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:3980 MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:4406 MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:5785 MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:7238 MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:8022 MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:8550 MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:8772 MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:9243
msgid "Profile written by Sarah Hinchliff Pearson"
msgstr ""
#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:4022
msgid ""
"All together, these factors—the crass tone of the game and company, the free "
-"download, the openness to fans remixing the game—give the game a massive "
-"cult following."
+"download, the"
+msgstr ""
+
+#. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para>
+#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:4026
+msgid "openness to fans remixing the game—give"
msgstr ""
#. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para>
-#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:4027
+#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:4029
+msgid "the game a massive cult following."
+msgstr ""
+
+#. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para>
+#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:4032
msgid ""
"Their success is not the result of a grand plan. Instead, Cards Against "
"Humanity was the last in a long line of games and comedy projects that Max "
msgstr ""
#. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para>
-#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:4040
+#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:4045
msgid ""
"The game caught on quickly, and it has only grown more popular over "
"time. Max says the eight founders never had a meeting where they decided to "
msgstr ""
#. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para>
-#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:4046
+#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:4051
msgid ""
"But this tale of a <quote>happy accident</quote> belies marketing "
"genius. Just like the game, the Cards Against Humanity brand is irreverent "
msgstr ""
#. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para>
-#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:4052
+#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:4057
msgid ""
"Like most quality satire, however, there is more to the joke than vulgarity "
"and shock value. The company’s marketing efforts around Black Friday "
msgstr ""
#. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para>
-#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:4065
+#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:4070
msgid ""
"<quote>We sweated it out the night before Black Friday, wondering if our "
"fans were going to hate us for it,</quote> he said. <quote>But it made us "
msgstr ""
#. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para>
-#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:4071
+#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:4076
msgid ""
"This sort of bold transparency delights the media, but more importantly, it "
"engages their fans. <quote>One of the most surprising things you can do in "
msgstr ""
#. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para>
-#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:4078
+#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:4083
msgid ""
"Max also likened it to a grand improv scene. <quote>If we do something a "
"little subversive and unexpected, the public wants to be a part of the "
msgstr ""
#. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para>
-#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:4086
+#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:4091
msgid ""
"This remarkable trust they have in their customers is what inspired their "
"decision to apply a Creative Commons license to the game. Trusting your "
msgstr ""
#. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para>
-#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:4099
+#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:4104
msgid ""
"Any successful product inspires its biggest fans to create remixes of it, "
"but unsanctioned adaptations are more likely to fly under the radar. The "
msgstr ""
#. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para>
-#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:4107
+#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:4112
msgid ""
"Max said, <quote>CC was a no-brainer for us because it gets the most people "
"involved. Making the game free and available under a CC license led to the "
msgstr ""
#. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para>
-#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:4114
+#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:4119
msgid ""
"Of course, there are limits to what the company allows its customers to do "
"with the game. They chose the Attribution-NonCommercial-ShareAlike license "
msgstr ""
#. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para>
-#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:4128
+#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:4133
msgid ""
"Just as there is more than meets the eye to the Cards Against Humanity "
"business model, the same can be said of the game itself. To be playable, "
msgstr ""
#. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para>
-#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:4139
+#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:4144
msgid ""
"That means cocreation with their fans really doesn’t work. The company has a "
"submission mechanism on their website, and they get thousands of "
msgstr ""
#. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para>
-#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:4150
+#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:4155
msgid ""
"For all of their success, the creators of Cards Against Humanity are only "
"partially motivated by money. Max says they have always been interested in "
msgstr ""
#. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para>
-#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:4157
+#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:4162
msgid ""
"In fact, the company has given more than $4 million to various charities and "
"causes. <quote>Cards is not our life plan,</quote> Max said. <quote>We all "
msgstr ""
#. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para>
-#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:4166
+#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:4171
msgid ""
"Seeing money as fuel rather than the ultimate goal is what has enabled them "
"to embrace Creative Commons licensing without reservation. CC licensing "
msgstr ""
#. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para>
-#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:4173
+#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:4178
msgid ""
"<quote>It’s not right for everyone to release everything under CC "
"licensing,</quote> Max said. <quote>If your only goal is to make a lot of "
msgstr ""
#. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><title>
-#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:4181
+#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:4186
msgid "The Conversation"
msgstr ""
#. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><blockquote><para>
-#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:4184
+#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:4189
msgid ""
"The Conversation is an independent source of news, sourced from the academic "
"and research community and delivered direct to the public over the "
msgstr ""
#. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><blockquote><para>
-#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:4189
+#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:4194
msgid "<ulink url=\"http://theconversation.com\"/>"
msgstr ""
#. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><blockquote><para>
-#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:4191
+#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:4196
msgid ""
"<emphasis role=\"strong\">Revenue model</emphasis>: charging content "
"creators (universities pay membership fees to have their faculties serve as "
msgstr ""
#. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><blockquote><para>
-#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:4198
+#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:4203
msgid "<emphasis role=\"strong\">Interviewee</emphasis>: Andrew Jaspan, founder"
msgstr ""
#. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para>
-#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:4206
+#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:4211
msgid ""
"Andrew Jaspan spent years as an editor of major newspapers including the "
"Observer in London, the Sunday Herald in Glasgow, and the Age in Melbourne, "
msgstr ""
#. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para>
-#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:4216
+#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:4221
msgid ""
"Around the time he left his job as editor of the Melbourne Age, Andrew "
"wondered where citizens would get news grounded in fact and evidence rather "
msgstr ""
#. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para>
-#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:4223
+#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:4228
msgid ""
"While at the Age, he’d become friends with a vice-chancellor of a university "
"in Melbourne who encouraged him to talk to smart people across campus—an "
msgstr ""
#. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para>
-#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:4244
+#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:4249
msgid ""
"Andrew believed he could to help connect academics back into the public "
"arena, and maybe help society find solutions to big problems. He thought "
msgstr ""
#. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para>
-#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:4257
+#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:4262
msgid ""
"The people he spoke to liked this idea, and Andrew embarked on raising money "
"and support with the help of the Commonwealth Scientific and Industrial "
msgstr ""
#. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para>
-#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:4270
+#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:4275
msgid ""
"The Conversation is founded on the belief that underpinning a functioning "
"democracy is access to independent, high-quality, informative "
msgstr ""
#. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para><footnote><para>
-#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:4283
+#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:4288
msgid "<ulink url=\"http://theconversation.com/us/charter\"/>"
msgstr ""
#. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para>
-#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:4281
+#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:4286
msgid ""
"Andrew worked hard to reinvent a methodology for creating reliable, credible "
"content. He introduced strict new working practices, a charter, and codes of "
msgstr ""
#. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para>
-#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:4296
+#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:4301
msgid ""
"Creative Commons help with these goals; articles are published with the "
"Attribution- NoDerivs license (CC BY-ND). They’re freely available for "
msgstr ""
#. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para>
-#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:4308
+#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:4313
msgid ""
"When readers come across the Conversation, they seem to like what they find "
"and recommend it to their friends, peers, and networks. Readership has "
msgstr ""
#. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para>
-#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:4316
+#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:4321
msgid ""
"It’s usual for the founders of any company to ask themselves what kind of "
"company it should be. It quickly became clear to the founders of the "
msgstr ""
#. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para>
-#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:4325
+#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:4330
msgid ""
"There are now different editions of the Conversation for Africa, the United "
"Kingdom, France, and the United States, in addition to the one for "
msgstr ""
#. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para>
-#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:4335
+#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:4340
msgid ""
"Additionally, each edition has its own set of founding partners, strategic "
"partners, and funders. They’ve received funding from foundations, "
msgstr ""
#. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para>
-#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:4344
+#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:4349
msgid ""
"When professors from member universities write an article, there is some "
"branding of the university associated with the article. On the Conversation "
msgstr ""
#. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para>
-#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:4352
+#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:4357
msgid ""
"Academics are not paid for their contributions, but they get free editing "
"from a professional (four to five hours per piece, on average). They also "
msgstr ""
#. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para>
-#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:4362
+#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:4367
msgid ""
"The Conversation plans to expand the dashboard to show not just reach but "
"impact. This tracks activities, behaviors, and events that occurred as a "
msgstr ""
#. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para>
-#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:4370
+#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:4375
msgid ""
"These reach and impact metrics show the benefits of membership. With the "
"Conversation, universities can engage with the public and show why they’re "
msgstr ""
#. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para>
-#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:4375
+#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:4380
msgid ""
"With its tagline, <quote>Academic Rigor, Journalistic Flair,</quote> the "
"Conversation represents a new form of journalism that contributes to a more "
msgstr ""
#. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><title>
-#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:4384
+#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:4389
msgid "Cory Doctorow"
msgstr ""
#. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><blockquote><para>
-#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:4387
+#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:4392
msgid ""
"Cory Doctorow is a science fiction writer, activist, blogger, and "
"journalist. Based in the U.S."
msgstr ""
#. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><blockquote><para>
-#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:4390
+#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:4395
msgid ""
"<ulink url=\"http://craphound.com\"/> and <ulink "
"url=\"http://boingboing.net\"/>"
msgstr ""
#. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><blockquote><para>
-#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:4393
+#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:4398
msgid ""
"<emphasis role=\"strong\">Revenue model</emphasis>: charging for physical "
"copies (book sales), pay-what-you-want, selling translation rights to books"
msgstr ""
#. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><blockquote><para>
-#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:4397
+#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:4402
msgid "<emphasis role=\"strong\">Interview date</emphasis>: January 12, 2016"
msgstr ""
#. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para>
-#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:4405
+#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:4410
msgid ""
"Cory Doctorow hates the term <quote>business model,</quote> and he is "
"adamant that he is not a brand. <quote>To me, branding is the idea that you "
msgstr ""
#. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para>
-#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:4414
+#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:4419
msgid ""
"Cory calls himself an entrepreneur. He likes to say his success came from "
"making stuff people happened to like and then getting out of the way of them "
msgstr ""
#. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para>
-#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:4419
+#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:4424
msgid ""
"He is a science fiction writer, activist, blogger, and journalist. "
"Beginning with his first novel, Down and Out in the Magic Kingdom, in 2003, "
msgstr ""
#. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para>
-#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:4430
+#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:4435
msgid ""
"Cory primarily makes money by selling physical books, but he also takes on "
"paid speaking gigs and is experimenting with pay-what-you-want models for "
msgstr ""
#. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para>
-#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:4435
+#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:4440
msgid ""
"While Cory’s extensive body of fiction work has a large following, he is "
"just as well known for his activism. He is an outspoken opponent of "
msgstr ""
#. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para>
-#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:4452
+#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:4457
msgid ""
"Cory has been financially successful, but money is not his primary "
"motivation. At the start of his book Information Doesn’t Want to Be Free, he "
msgstr ""
#. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para>
-#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:4466
+#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:4471
msgid ""
"Just as money is not his primary motivation to create, money is not his "
"primary motivation to share. For Cory, sharing his work with Creative "
msgstr ""
#. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para>
-#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:4476
+#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:4481
msgid ""
"He also feels like there is a solid commercial basis for licensing his work "
"with Creative Commons. While he acknowledges he hasn’t been able to do a "
msgstr ""
#. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para>
-#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:4486
+#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:4491
msgid ""
"Cory started using CC licenses soon after they were first created. At the "
"time his first novel came out, he says the science fiction genre was overrun "
msgstr ""
#. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para>
-#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:4499
+#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:4504
msgid ""
"Cory admits the stakes were pretty low for him when he first adopted "
"Creative Commons licenses. He only had to sell two thousand copies of his "
msgstr ""
#. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para>
-#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:4507
+#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:4512
msgid ""
"The bottom line, Cory says, is that no one has found a way to prevent people "
"from copying the stuff they like. Rather than fighting the tide, Cory makes "
msgstr ""
#. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para>
-#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:4515
+#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:4520
msgid ""
"Making his work available under Creative Commons licenses enables him to "
"view his biggest fans as his ambassadors. <quote>Being open to fan activity "
msgstr ""
#. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para>
-#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:4530
+#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:4535
msgid ""
"His first book was published under the most restrictive Creative Commons "
"license, Attribution-NonCommercial-NoDerivs (CC BY-NC-ND). It allows only "
msgstr ""
#. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para>
-#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:4545
+#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:4550
msgid ""
"In his book Information Doesn’t Want to Be Free, Cory likens his philosophy "
"to thinking like a dandelion. Dandelions produce thousands of seeds each "
msgstr ""
#. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para>
-#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:4560
+#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:4565
msgid ""
"Applying a CC license to his work increases the chances it will be shared "
"more widely around the Web. He avoids DRM—and openly opposes the "
msgstr ""
#. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para>
-#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:4571
+#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:4576
msgid ""
"Cory operates under the premise that artists benefit when there are more, "
"rather than fewer, places where people can access their work. The Internet "
msgstr ""
#. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para>
-#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:4582
+#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:4587
msgid ""
"Cory says his e-book sales have been lower than those of his competitors, "
"and he attributes some of that to the CC license making the work available "
msgstr ""
#. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para>
-#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:4593
+#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:4598
msgid ""
"Fans are particularly willing to pay when they feel personally connected to "
"the artist. Cory works hard to create that personal connection. One way he "
msgstr ""
#. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para>
-#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:4605
+#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:4610
msgid ""
"Cory’s realism about the difficulty of making a living in the arts does not "
"reflect pessimism about the Internet age. Instead, he says the fact that it "
msgstr ""
#. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para>
-#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:4613
+#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:4618
msgid "It has never been easier to think like a dandelion."
msgstr ""
#. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><title>
-#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:4617
+#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:4622
msgid "Figshare"
msgstr ""
#. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><blockquote><para>
-#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:4620
+#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:4625
msgid ""
"Figshare is a for-profit company offering an online repository where "
"researchers can preserve and share the output of their research, including "
msgstr ""
#. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><blockquote><para>
-#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:4626
+#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:4631
msgid "<ulink url=\"http://figshare.com\"/>"
msgstr ""
#. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><blockquote><para>
-#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:4628
+#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:4633
msgid ""
"<emphasis role=\"strong\">Revenue model</emphasis>: platform providing paid "
"services to creators"
msgstr ""
#. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><blockquote><para>
-#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:4631
+#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:4636
msgid "<emphasis role=\"strong\">Interview date</emphasis>: January 28, 2016"
msgstr ""
#. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><blockquote><para>
-#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:4634
+#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:4639
msgid "<emphasis role=\"strong\">Interviewee</emphasis>: Mark Hahnel, founder"
msgstr ""
#. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para>
-#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:4642
+#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:4647
msgid ""
"Figshare’s mission is to change the face of academic publishing through "
"improved dissemination, discoverability, and reusability of scholarly "
msgstr ""
#. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para>
-#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:4653
+#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:4658
msgid ""
"Figshare founder Mark Hahnel often gets asked: How do you make money? How do "
"we know you’ll be here in five years? Can you, as a for-profit venture, be "
msgstr ""
#. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para>
-#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:4658
+#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:4663
msgid ""
"Mark traces the origins of Figshare back to when he was a graduate student "
"getting his PhD in stem cell biology. His research involved working with "
msgstr ""
#. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para>
-#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:4667
+#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:4672
msgid ""
"Mark does not consider himself an advanced software programmer. "
"Fortunately, things like cloud-based computing and wikis had become "
msgstr ""
#. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para>
-#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:4674
+#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:4679
msgid ""
"There were two key needs: licenses to make the data citable, and persistent "
"identifiers— URL links that always point back to the original object "
msgstr ""
#. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para>
-#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:4680
+#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:4685
msgid ""
"Mark chose Digital Object Identifiers (DOIs) to meet the need for a "
"persistent identifier. In the DOI system, an object’s metadata is stored as "
msgstr ""
#. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para>
-#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:4689
+#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:4694
msgid ""
"As for licenses, Mark chose Creative Commons. The open-access and "
"open-science communities were already using and recommending Creative "
msgstr ""
#. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para>
-#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:4697
+#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:4702
msgid ""
"So Mark began using DOIs and Creative Commons for his own research work. He "
"had a science blog where he wrote about it and made all his data "
msgstr ""
#. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para>
-#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:4703
+#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:4708
msgid ""
"People liked the interface and simple upload process. People started asking "
"if they could also share theses, grant proposals, and code. Inclusion of "
msgstr ""
#. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para>
-#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:4711
+#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:4716
msgid ""
"Mark sought investment to make this into a scalable product. After a few "
"unsuccessful funding pitches, UK-based Digital Science expressed interest "
msgstr ""
#. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para>
-#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:4718
+#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:4723
msgid ""
"Under the freemium model, academics upload their research to Figshare for "
"storage and sharing for free. Each research object is licensed with Creative "
msgstr ""
#. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para>
-#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:4730
+#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:4735
msgid ""
"In January 2012, Figshare was launched. (The fig in Figshare stands for "
"figures.) Using investment funds, Mark made significant improvements to "
msgstr ""
#. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para>
-#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:4740
+#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:4745
msgid ""
"Figshare diversified its business model to include services for "
"journals. Figshare began hosting large amounts of data for the journals’ "
"to develop this functionality as part of their own "
"infrastructure. Figshare-hosted data also provides a link back to the "
"article, generating additional click-through and readership—a benefit to "
-"both journal publishers and researchers. Figshare now provides "
+"both journal publishers and researchers. Figshare now provides"
+msgstr ""
+
+#. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para>
+#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:4756
+msgid ""
"research-data infrastructure for a wide variety of publishers including "
"Wiley, Springer Nature, PLOS, and Taylor and Francis, to name a few, and has "
"convinced them to use Creative Commons licenses for the data."
msgstr ""
#. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para>
-#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:4754
+#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:4762
msgid ""
"Governments allocate significant public funds to research. In parallel with "
"the launch of Figshare, governments around the world began requesting the "
msgstr ""
#. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para>
-#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:4764
+#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:4772
msgid ""
"Figshare now offers a range of fee-based services to institutions, including "
"their own minibranded Figshare space (called Figshare for Institutions) that "
msgstr ""
#. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para>
-#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:4774
+#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:4782
msgid ""
"As with researchers and publishers, Fig-share encouraged institutions to "
"share their research with CC BY (Attribution) and their data with CC0 (into "
msgstr ""
#. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para>
-#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:4787
+#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:4795
msgid ""
"For Mark this created a conflict. On the one hand, the principles and "
"benefits of open science are at the heart of Figshare, and Mark believes CC "
msgstr ""
#. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para>
-#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:4797
+#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:4805
msgid ""
"Mark is thinking of doing a Figshare study that tracks research "
"dissemination according to Creative Commons license, and gathering metrics "
msgstr ""
#. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para><footnote><para>
-#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:4810
+#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:4818
msgid ""
"<ulink "
"url=\"http://figshare.com/articles/Journal_subscription_costs_FOIs_to_UK_universities/1186832\"/>"
msgstr ""
#. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para><footnote><para>
-#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:4813
+#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:4821
msgid ""
"<ulink "
"url=\"http://retr0.shinyapps.io/journal_costs/?year=2014&inst=19,22,38,42,59,64,80,95,136\"/>"
msgstr ""
#. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para>
-#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:4805
+#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:4813
msgid ""
"Figshare has an Application Programming Interface (API) that makes it "
"possible for data to be pulled from Figshare and used in other "
msgstr ""
#. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para>
-#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:4816
+#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:4824
msgid ""
"The free version of Figshare has built a community of academics, who through "
"word of mouth and presentations have promoted and spread awareness of "
msgstr ""
#. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para><footnote><para>
-#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:4831
+#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:4839
msgid "<ulink url=\"http://figshare.com/features\"/>"
msgstr ""
#. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para>
-#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:4827
+#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:4835
msgid ""
"Mark says his success is partly about being in the right place at the right "
"time. He also believes that the diversification of Figshare’s model over "
msgstr ""
#. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para>
-#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:4838
+#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:4846
msgid ""
"Today Figshare has 26 million–plus page views, 7.5 million–plus downloads, "
"800,000–plus user uploads, 2 million–plus articles, 500,000-plus "
msgstr ""
#. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para>
-#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:4846
+#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:4854
msgid ""
"Figshare uses the revenue it generates from the premium subscribers, journal "
"publishers, and institutions to fund and expand what it can offer to "
msgstr ""
#. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><title>
-#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:4861
+#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:4869
msgid "Figure.NZ"
msgstr ""
#. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><blockquote><para>
-#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:4864
+#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:4872
msgid ""
"Figure.NZ is a nonprofit charity that makes an online data platform designed "
"to make data reusable and easy to understand. Founded in 2012 in New "
msgstr ""
#. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><blockquote><para>
-#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:4869
+#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:4877
msgid "<ulink url=\"http://figure.nz\"/>"
msgstr ""
#. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><blockquote><para>
-#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:4871
+#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:4879
msgid ""
"<emphasis role=\"strong\">Revenue model</emphasis>: platform providing paid "
"services to creators, donations, sponsorships"
msgstr ""
#. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><blockquote><para>
-#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:4874
+#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:4882
msgid "<emphasis role=\"strong\">Interview date</emphasis>: May 3, 2016"
msgstr ""
#. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><blockquote><para>
-#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:4876
+#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:4884
msgid "<emphasis role=\"strong\">Interviewee</emphasis>: Lillian Grace, founder"
msgstr ""
#. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para><footnote><para>
-#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:4885
+#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:4893
msgid ""
"<ulink "
"url=\"http://www.nzdatafutures.org.nz/sites/default/files/NZDFF_harness-the-power.pdf\"/>"
msgstr ""
#. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para>
-#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:4884
+#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:4892
msgid ""
"In the paper Harnessing the Economic and Social Power of Data presented at "
"the New Zealand Data Futures Forum in 2014,<placeholder type=\"footnote\" "
msgstr ""
#. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para>
-#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:4903
+#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:4911
msgid ""
"Lillian had the idea for Figure.NZ in February 2012 while working for the "
"New Zealand Institute, a think tank concerned with improving economic "
msgstr ""
#. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para>
-#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:4914
+#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:4922
msgid ""
"Lillian began to imagine a website that lifted data up to a visual form that "
"could be easily understood and freely accessed. Initially launched as Wiki "
msgstr ""
#. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para>
-#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:4928
+#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:4936
msgid ""
"Here’s how it works. Figure.NZ sources data from other organizations, "
"including corporations, public repositories, government departments, and "
msgstr ""
#. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para><footnote><para>
-#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:4954
+#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:4962
msgid ""
"<ulink "
"url=\"http://www.ict.govt.nz/guidance-and-resources/open-government/new-zealand-government-open-access-and-licensing-nzgoal-framework/\"/>"
msgstr ""
#. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para>
-#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:4945
+#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:4953
msgid ""
"Lillian characterizes the initial decision to use Creative Commons as "
"naively fortunate. It was first recommended to her by a colleague. Lillian "
msgstr ""
#. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para>
-#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:4961
+#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:4969
msgid ""
"Lillian thinks current ideas of what a business is are relatively new, only "
"a hundred years old or so. She’s convinced that twenty years from now, we "
msgstr ""
#. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para>
-#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:4974
+#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:4982
msgid ""
"Although Figure.NZ is a social enterprise that openly licenses their data "
"and graphs for everyone to use for free, they have taken care not to be "
msgstr ""
#. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para>
-#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:4993
+#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:5001
msgid ""
"Figure.NZ spends a lot of time seeking to understand the motivations of data "
"collectors and to identify the channels where it can provide value. Every "
msgstr ""
#. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para>
-#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:4999
+#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:5007
msgid ""
"Figure.NZ has multiple lines of business. They provide commercial services "
"to organizations that want their data publicly available and want to use "
msgstr ""
#. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para>
-#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:5015
+#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:5023
msgid ""
"Lillian notes that the current state of most data is terrible and often not "
"well understood by the people who have it. This sometimes makes it difficult "
msgstr ""
#. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para><footnote><para>
-#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:5034
+#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:5042
msgid "<ulink url=\"http://figure.nz/business/\"/>"
msgstr ""
#. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para>
-#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:5029
+#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:5037
msgid ""
"A second line of business is what Figure.NZ calls partners. ASB Bank and "
"Statistics New Zealand are partners who back Figure.NZ’s efforts. As one "
msgstr ""
#. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para><footnote><para>
-#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:5037
+#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:5045
msgid "<ulink url=\"http://figure.nz/patrons/\"/>"
msgstr ""
#. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para>
-#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:5037
+#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:5045
msgid ""
"Figure.NZ also has patrons.<placeholder type=\"footnote\" id=\"0\"/> Patrons "
"donate to topic areas they care about, directly enabling Figure.NZ to get "
msgstr ""
#. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para>
-#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:5043
+#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:5051
msgid ""
"Figure.NZ also accepts philanthropic donations, which are used to provide "
"more content, extend technology, and improve services, or are targeted to "
msgstr ""
#. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para>
-#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:5049
+#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:5057
msgid ""
"Figure.NZ has morphed and grown over time. With data aggregation, curation, "
"and visualizing services all in-house, Figure.NZ has developed a deep "
msgstr ""
#. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para>
-#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:5061
+#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:5069
msgid ""
"Figure.NZ’s website displays visuals and data associated with a wide range "
"of categories including crime, economy, education, employment, energy, "
msgstr ""
#. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para>
-#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:5071
+#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:5079
msgid ""
"Figure.NZ believes data and visuals should be useful. They provide their "
"customers with a data collection template and teach them why it’s important "
msgstr ""
#. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para>
-#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:5085
+#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:5093
msgid ""
"Lillian has a deep and profound vision for Figure.NZ that goes well beyond "
-"simply providing open-data services. She says things are different now. “We "
+"simply providing open-data services. She says things are different now. \"We "
"used to live in a world where it was really hard to share information "
"widely. And in that world, the best future was created by having a few great "
"leaders who essentially had access to the information and made decisions on "
msgstr ""
#. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para>
-#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:5094
+#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:5103
msgid ""
-"“But now we live in a world where it’s really easy to share information "
+"\"But now we live in a world where it’s really easy to share information "
"widely and also to communicate widely. In the world we live in now, the best "
"future is the one where everyone can make well-informed decisions."
msgstr ""
#. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para>
-#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:5100
+#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:5109
msgid ""
-"“The use of numbers and data as a way of making well-informed decisions is "
+"\"The use of numbers and data as a way of making well-informed decisions is "
"one of the areas where there is the biggest gaps. We don’t really use "
"numbers as a part of our thinking and part of our understanding yet."
msgstr ""
#. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para>
-#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:5106
+#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:5115
msgid ""
-"“Part of the reason is the way data is spread across hundreds of sites. In "
+"\"Part of the reason is the way data is spread across hundreds of sites. In "
"addition, for the most part, deep thinking based on data is constrained to "
"experts because most people don’t have data literacy. There once was a time "
"when many citizens in society couldn’t read or write. However, as a society, "
msgstr ""
#. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para>
-#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:5117
+#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:5126
msgid ""
-"“Figure.NZ may be the first organization to assert that everyone can use "
+"\"Figure.NZ may be the first organization to assert that everyone can use "
"numbers in their thinking, and it’s built a technological platform along "
"with trust and a network of relationships to make that possible. What you "
"can see on Figure.NZ are tens of thousands of graphs, maps, and data."
msgstr ""
#. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para>
-#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:5124
+#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:5133
msgid ""
"<quote>Figure.NZ sees this as a new kind of alphabet that can help people "
"analyze what they see around them. A way to be thoughtful and informed about "
msgstr ""
#. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para>
-#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:5133
+#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:5142
msgid ""
"Lillian sees Figure.NZ’s model as having global potential. But for now, "
"their focus is completely on making Figure.NZ work in New Zealand and to get "
-"the <quote>network effect</quote>— users dramatically increasing value for "
-"themselves and for others through use of their service. Creative Commons is "
-"core to making the network effect possible."
+"the <quote>network effect</quote>—"
+msgstr ""
+
+#. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para>
+#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:5147
+msgid ""
+"users dramatically increasing value for themselves and for others through "
+"use of their service. Creative Commons is core to making the network effect "
+"possible."
msgstr ""
#. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><title>
-#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:5142
+#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:5153
msgid "Knowledge Unlatched"
msgstr ""
#. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><blockquote><para>
-#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:5145
+#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:5156
msgid ""
"Knowledge Unlatched is a not-for-profit community interest company that "
"brings libraries together to pool funds to publish open-access "
msgstr ""
#. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><blockquote><para>
-#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:5150
+#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:5161
msgid "<ulink url=\"http://knowledgeunlatched.org\"/>"
msgstr ""
#. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><blockquote><para>
-#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:5152
+#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:5163
msgid ""
"<emphasis role=\"strong\">Revenue model</emphasis>: crowdfunding "
"(specialized)"
msgstr ""
#. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><blockquote><para>
-#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:5155
+#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:5166
msgid "<emphasis role=\"strong\">Interview date</emphasis>: February 26, 2016"
msgstr ""
#. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><blockquote><para>
-#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:5158
+#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:5169
msgid "<emphasis role=\"strong\">Interviewee</emphasis>: Frances Pinter, founder"
msgstr ""
#. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para>
-#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:5166
+#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:5177
msgid ""
"The serial entrepreneur Dr. Frances Pinter has been at the forefront of "
"innovation in the publishing industry for nearly forty years. She founded "
msgstr ""
#. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para>
-#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:5182
+#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:5193
msgid ""
"Dr. Pinter has been in academic publishing most of her career. About ten "
"years ago, she became acquainted with the Creative Commons founder Lawrence "
msgstr ""
#. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para>
-#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:5189
+#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:5200
msgid ""
"Not long after, she ran a project in Africa convincing publishers in Uganda "
"and South Africa to put some of their content online for free using a "
msgstr ""
#. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para>
-#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:5195
+#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:5206
msgid ""
"In 2008, Bloomsbury Academic, a new imprint of Bloomsbury Publishing in the "
"United Kingdom, appointed her its founding publisher in London. As part of "
msgstr ""
#. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para>
-#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:5212
+#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:5223
msgid ""
"Frances began to look at customer interest in the three forms of the book: "
"1) the Creative Commons–licensed free online book in PDF form, 2) the "
msgstr ""
#. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para>
-#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:5221
+#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:5232
msgid ""
"After a while, Frances had an epiphany—what if there was a way to get "
"libraries to underwrite the costs of making these books up until they’re "
msgstr ""
#. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para>
-#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:5230
+#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:5241
msgid ""
"This idea is similar to the article-processing charge some open-access "
"journals charge researchers to cover publishing costs. Frances began to "
msgstr ""
#. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para>
-#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:5238
+#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:5249
msgid ""
"This idea really took hold in her mind. She didn’t really have a name for it "
"but began talking about it and making presentations to see if there was "
msgstr ""
#. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para>
-#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:5249
+#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:5260
msgid ""
"She describes the business model in a paper called Knowledge Unlatched: "
"Toward an Open and Networked Future for Academic Publishing:"
msgstr ""
#. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><orderedlist><listitem><para>
-#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:5256
+#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:5267
msgid ""
"Publishers offer titles for sale reflecting origination costs only via "
"Knowledge Unlatched."
msgstr ""
#. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><orderedlist><listitem><para>
-#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:5262
+#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:5273
msgid ""
"Individual libraries select titles either as individual titles or as "
"collections (as they do from library suppliers now)."
msgstr ""
#. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><orderedlist><listitem><para>
-#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:5268
+#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:5279
msgid ""
"Their selections are sent to Knowledge Unlatched specifying the titles to be "
"purchased at the stated price(s)."
msgstr ""
#. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><orderedlist><listitem><para>
-#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:5274
+#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:5285
msgid ""
"The price, called a Title Fee (set by publishers and negotiated by Knowledge "
"Unlatched), is paid to publishers to cover the fixed costs of publishing "
msgstr ""
#. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><orderedlist><listitem><para>
-#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:5283
+#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:5294
msgid ""
"Publishers make the selected titles available Open Access (on a Creative "
"Commons or similar open license) and are then paid the Title Fee which is "
msgstr ""
#. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><orderedlist><listitem><para><footnote><para>
-#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:5293
+#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:5304
msgid "<ulink url=\"http://www.pinter.org.uk/pdfs/Toward_an_Open.pdf\"/>"
msgstr ""
#. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><orderedlist><listitem><para>
-#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:5290
+#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:5301
msgid ""
"Publishers make print copies, e-Pub, and other digital versions of selected "
"titles available to member libraries at a discount that reflects their "
msgstr ""
#. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para>
-#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:5298
+#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:5309
msgid ""
"The first round of this model resulted in a collection of twenty-eight "
"current titles from thirteen recognized scholarly publishers being "
msgstr ""
#. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para><footnote><para>
-#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:5309
+#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:5320
msgid ""
"<ulink "
"url=\"http://collections.knowledgeunlatched.org/collection-availability-1/\"/>"
msgstr ""
#. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para>
-#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:5308
+#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:5319
msgid ""
"The open-access, Creative Commons versions of these twenty-eight books are "
"still available online.<placeholder type=\"footnote\" id=\"0\"/> Most books "
msgstr ""
#. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para>
-#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:5319
+#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:5330
msgid ""
"There are three cost variables to consider for each round: the overall cost "
"incurred by the publishers, total cost for each library to acquire all the "
msgstr ""
#. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para>
-#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:5331
+#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:5342
msgid ""
"The second round, recently completed, unlatched seventy-eight books from "
"twenty-six publishers. For this round, Frances was experimenting with the "
msgstr ""
#. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para>
-#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:5346
+#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:5357
msgid ""
"The longest part of the whole process is getting libraries to pledge and "
"commit funds. It takes about five months, as library buy-in has to fit "
msgstr ""
#. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para>
-#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:5352
+#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:5363
msgid ""
"Knowledge Unlatched informs and recruits libraries through social media, "
"mailing lists, listservs, and library associations. Of the three hundred "
msgstr ""
#. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para>
-#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:5362
+#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:5373
msgid ""
"Knowledge Unlatched is scaling up, offering 150 new titles in the second "
"half of 2016. It will also offer backlist titles, and in 2017 will start to "
msgstr ""
#. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para>
-#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:5367
+#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:5378
msgid ""
"Knowledge Unlatched deliberately chose monographs as the initial type of "
"book to unlatch. Monographs are foundational and important, but also "
msgstr ""
#. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para>
-#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:5373
+#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:5384
msgid ""
"The cost for the publisher to get to a first digital copy of a monograph is "
"$5,000 to $50,000. A good one costs in the $10,000 to $15,000 "
msgstr ""
#. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para><footnote><para>
-#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:5390
+#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:5401
msgid "<ulink url=\"http://www.knowledgeunlatched.org/featured-authors-section/\"/>"
msgstr ""
#. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para>
-#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:5383
+#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:5394
msgid ""
"Authors don’t generally make a lot of royalties from monographs. Royalties "
"range from zero dollars to 5 to 10 percent of receipts. The value to the "
msgstr ""
#. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para>
-#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:5393
+#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:5404
msgid ""
"Library budgets are constantly being squeezed, partly due to the inflation "
"of journal subscriptions. But even without budget constraints, academic "
msgstr ""
#. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para>
-#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:5404
+#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:5415
msgid ""
"Knowledge Unlatched offers libraries a compelling economic argument. Many of "
"the participating libraries would have bought a copy of the monograph "
msgstr ""
#. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para>
-#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:5412
+#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:5423
msgid ""
"Not only do the economics make sense, but there is very strong alignment "
"with library mandates. The participating libraries pay less than they would "
msgstr ""
#. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para>
-#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:5425
+#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:5436
msgid ""
"For publishers, authors, and librarians, the Knowledge Unlatched model for "
"monographs is a win-win-win."
msgstr ""
#. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para>
-#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:5429
+#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:5440
msgid ""
"In the first round, Knowledge Unlatched’s overheads were covered by "
"grants. In the second round, they aim to demonstrate the model is "
msgstr ""
#. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para>
-#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:5440
+#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:5451
msgid ""
"Frances believes that Knowledge Unlatched is tapping into new ways of "
"valuing academic content. It’s about considering how many people can find, "
msgstr ""
#. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><title>
-#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:5452
+#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:5463
msgid "Lumen Learning"
msgstr ""
#. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><blockquote><para>
-#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:5455
+#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:5466
msgid ""
"Lumen Learning is a for-profit company helping educational institutions use "
"open educational resources (OER). Founded in 2013 in the U.S."
msgstr ""
#. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><blockquote><para>
-#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:5460
+#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:5471
msgid "<ulink url=\"http://lumenlearning.com\"/>"
msgstr ""
#. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><blockquote><para>
-#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:5462
+#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:5473
msgid ""
"<emphasis role=\"strong\">Revenue model</emphasis>: charging for custom "
"services, grant funding"
msgstr ""
#. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><blockquote><para>
-#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:5465
+#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:5476
msgid "<emphasis role=\"strong\">Interview date</emphasis>: December 21, 2015"
msgstr ""
#. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><blockquote><para>
-#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:5468
+#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:5479
msgid ""
"<emphasis role=\"strong\">Interviewees</emphasis>: David Wiley and Kim "
"Thanos, cofounders"
msgstr ""
#. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para><footnote><para>
-#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:5482
+#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:5493
msgid "<ulink url=\"http://lumenlearning.com/innovative-projects/\"/>"
msgstr ""
#. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para>
-#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:5476
+#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:5487
msgid ""
"Cofounded by open education visionary Dr. David Wiley and "
"education-technology strategist Kim Thanos, Lumen Learning is dedicated to "
msgstr ""
#. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para>
-#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:5499
+#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:5510
msgid ""
"David and Kim went back and forth on whether it should be a nonprofit or "
"for- profit. A nonprofit would make it a more comfortable fit with the "
msgstr ""
#. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para>
-#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:5509
+#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:5520
msgid ""
"But as a for-profit, they’d have to convince educational institutions to pay "
"for what Lumen had to offer. On the positive side, they’d have more control "
msgstr ""
#. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para>
-#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:5518
+#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:5529
msgid ""
"Right from the start, David and Kim positioned Lumen Learning as a way to "
"help institutions engage in open educational resources, or OER. OER are "
msgstr ""
#. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para>
-#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:5526
+#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:5537
msgid ""
"Originally, Lumen did custom contracts for each institution. This was "
"complicated and challenging to manage. However, through that process "
msgstr ""
#. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><itemizedlist><listitem><para>
-#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:5542
+#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:5553
msgid "replace expensive textbooks in high-enrollment courses with OER;"
msgstr ""
#. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><itemizedlist><listitem><para>
-#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:5548
+#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:5559
msgid ""
"provide enrolled students day one access to Lumen’s fully customizable OER "
"course materials through the institution’s learning-management system;"
msgstr ""
#. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><itemizedlist><listitem><para>
-#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:5555
+#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:5566
msgid ""
"measure improvements in student success with metrics like passing rates, "
"persistence, and course completion; and"
msgstr ""
#. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><itemizedlist><listitem><para>
-#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:5561
+#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:5572
msgid ""
"collaborate with faculty to make ongoing improvements to OER based on "
"student success research."
msgstr ""
#. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para>
-#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:5567
+#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:5578
msgid ""
"Lumen has developed a suite of open, Creative Commons–licensed courseware in "
"more than sixty-five subjects. All courses are freely and publicly available "
msgstr ""
#. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para>
-#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:5575
+#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:5586
msgid ""
"Then there are three types of bundled services that cost money. One option, "
"which Lumen calls Candela courseware, offers integration with the "
msgstr ""
#. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para>
-#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:5583
+#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:5594
msgid ""
"A second option is Waymaker, which offers the services of Candela but adds "
"personalized learning technologies, such as study plans, automated messages, "
msgstr ""
#. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para>
-#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:5590
+#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:5601
msgid ""
"The third and emerging line of business for Lumen is providing guidance and "
"support for institutions and state systems that are pursuing the development "
msgstr ""
#. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para>
-#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:5599
+#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:5610
msgid ""
"Lumen generates revenue by charging for their value-added tools and services "
"on top of their free courses, just as solar-power companies provide the "
msgstr ""
#. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para>
-#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:5616
+#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:5627
msgid ""
"In most cases, development of their courses is funded by the institution "
"Lumen has a contract with. When creating new courses, Lumen typically works "
msgstr ""
#. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para>
-#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:5627
+#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:5638
msgid ""
"Sometimes faculty like the existing OER but not the way it is presented. The "
"open licensing of existing OER allows Lumen to pick and choose from images, "
msgstr ""
#. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para>
-#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:5638
+#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:5649
msgid ""
"Using only OER made them experience firsthand how complex it could be to mix "
"differently licensed work together. A common strategy with OER is to place "
msgstr ""
#. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para>
-#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:5646
+#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:5657
msgid ""
"Remixing OER often results in multiple attributions on every page of every "
"course—text from one place, images from another, and videos from yet "
msgstr ""
#. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para>
-#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:5657
+#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:5668
msgid ""
"Lumen’s commitment to open licensing and helping low-income students has led "
"to strong relationships with institutions, open-education enthusiasts, and "
msgstr ""
#. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para>
-#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:5665
+#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:5676
msgid ""
"To manage demand and ensure the success of projects, their strategy is to be "
"proactive and focus on what’s going on in higher education in different "
msgstr ""
#. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para>
-#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:5678
+#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:5689
msgid ""
"As a business, Lumen is committed to openness. There are two core "
"nonnegotiables: Lumen’s use of CC BY, the most permissive of the Creative "
msgstr ""
#. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para>
-#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:5688
+#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:5699
msgid ""
"Openness also means that Lumen’s OER must necessarily be nonexclusive and "
"nonrivalrous. This represents several big challenges for the business model: "
msgstr ""
#. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para>
-#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:5698
+#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:5709
msgid ""
"In the OER sector, there are examples of corporations, and even "
"institutions, acting as free riders. Some simply take and use open resources "
msgstr ""
#. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para>
-#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:5707
+#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:5718
msgid ""
"Lumen does track institutions accessing and using their free content. They "
"proactively contact those institutions, with an estimate of how much their "
msgstr ""
#. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para>
-#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:5718
+#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:5729
msgid ""
"Lumen works hard to be a good corporate citizen in the OER community. For "
"David and Kim, a good corporate citizen gives more than they take, adds "
msgstr ""
#. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para>
-#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:5727
+#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:5738
msgid ""
"Licensing all the content they produce with CC BY is a key part of giving "
"more value than they take. They’ve also worked hard at finding the right "
msgstr ""
#. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para>
-#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:5733
+#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:5744
msgid ""
"As of the fall 2016 term, Lumen had eighty-six different open courses, "
"working relationships with ninety-two institutions, and more than "
msgstr ""
#. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para>
-#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:5745
+#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:5756
msgid ""
"In creating Lumen Learning, David and Kim say they’ve landed on solutions "
"they never imagined, and there is still a lot of learning taking place. For "
msgstr ""
#. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><title>
-#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:5756
+#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:5767
msgid "Jonathan Mann"
msgstr ""
#. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><blockquote><para>
-#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:5759
+#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:5770
msgid ""
"Jonathan Mann is a singer and songwriter who is most well known as the "
"<quote>Song A Day</quote> guy. Based in the U.S."
msgstr ""
#. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><blockquote><para>
-#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:5762
+#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:5773
msgid ""
"<ulink url=\"http://jonathanmann.net\"/> and <ulink "
"url=\"http://jonathanmann.bandcamp.com\"/>"
msgstr ""
#. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><blockquote><para>
-#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:5765
+#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:5776
msgid ""
"<emphasis role=\"strong\">Revenue model</emphasis>: charging for custom "
"services, pay-what-you-want, crowdfunding (subscription-based), charging for "
msgstr ""
#. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><blockquote><para>
-#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:5770
+#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:5781
msgid "<emphasis role=\"strong\">Interview date</emphasis>: February 22, 2016"
msgstr ""
#. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para>
-#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:5778
+#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:5789
msgid ""
"Jonathan Mann thinks of his business model as "
"<quote>hustling</quote>—seizing nearly every opportunity he sees to make "
msgstr ""
#. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para>
-#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:5790
+#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:5801
msgid ""
"His entrepreneurial spirit is coupled with a willingness to take action "
"quickly. A perfect illustration of his ability to act fast happened in 2010, "
msgstr ""
#. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para>
-#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:5801
+#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:5812
msgid ""
"Jonathan’s successful <quote>hustling</quote> is also about old-fashioned "
"persistence. He is currently in his eighth straight year of writing one song "
msgstr ""
#. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para>
-#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:5808
+#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:5819
msgid ""
"He fell into this role by, naturally, seizing a random opportunity a friend "
"alerted him to seven years ago—an event called Fun-A-Day, where people are "
msgstr ""
#. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para>
-#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:5818
+#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:5829
msgid ""
"He had a really good time doing the thirty-one-day challenge, so he decided "
"to see if he could continue it for one year. He never stopped. He has "
msgstr ""
#. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para>
-#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:5834
+#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:5845
msgid ""
"Over time, the song-a-day gig became the basis of his livelihood. In the "
"beginning, he made money one of two ways. The first was by entering a wide "
msgstr ""
#. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para>
-#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:5843
+#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:5854
msgid ""
"His website explains his gig as <quote>taking any message, from the super "
"simple to the totally complicated, and conveying that message through a "
msgstr ""
#. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para>
-#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:5852
+#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:5863
msgid ""
"Jonathan can’t recall when exactly he first learned about Creative Commons, "
"but he began applying CC licenses to his songs and videos as soon as he "
msgstr ""
#. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para>
-#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:5861
+#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:5872
msgid ""
"His songs are essentially marketing for his services, so obviously the "
"further his songs spread, the better. Using CC licenses helps grease the "
msgstr ""
#. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para>
-#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:5871
+#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:5882
msgid ""
"There are some people who cover his songs fairly regularly, and he would "
"never shut that down. But he acknowledges there is a lot more he could do to "
msgstr ""
#. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para>
-#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:5878
+#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:5889
msgid ""
"He does have a fan community he cultivates on Bandcamp, but it isn’t his "
"major focus. <quote>I do have a core audience that has stuck around for a "
msgstr ""
#. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para>
-#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:5888
+#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:5899
msgid ""
"Jonathan recognizes what comes naturally to him and leverages those "
"skills. Through the practice of daily songwriting, he realized he has a gift "
msgstr ""
#. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para>
-#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:5900
+#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:5911
msgid ""
"When he is hired by a client to write a song, he first asks them to send a "
"list of talking points and other information they want to include in the "
"thing he tries to do is grok the core message and develop the chorus. Then "
"he looks for connections or parts he can make rhyme. The entire process "
"really does resemble good journalism, but of course the final product of his "
-"work is a song rather than news. <quote>There is something about being "
-"challenged and forced to take information that doesn’t seem like it should "
-"be sung about or doesn’t seem like it lends itself to a song,</quote> he "
-"said. <quote>I find that creative challenge really satisfying. I enjoy "
-"getting lost in that process.</quote>"
+"work is a song rather than news. \"There is something about being challenged "
+"and forced to take information that doesn’t seem like it should be sung "
+"about"
+msgstr ""
+
+#. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para>
+#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:5924
+msgid ""
+"or doesn’t seem like it lends itself to a song,\" he said. <quote>I find "
+"that creative challenge really satisfying. I enjoy getting lost in that "
+"process.</quote>"
msgstr ""
#. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para>
-#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:5916
+#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:5929
msgid ""
"Jonathan admits that in an ideal world, he would exclusively write the music "
"he wanted to write, rather than what clients hire him to write. But his "
msgstr ""
#. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para>
-#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:5923
+#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:5936
msgid ""
"Jonathan uses nearly every tool possible to make money from his art, but he "
"does have lines he won’t cross. He won’t write songs about things he "
msgstr ""
#. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para>
-#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:5935
+#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:5948
msgid ""
"Jonathan’s song-a-day commitment exemplifies the power of habit and "
"grit. Conventional wisdom about creative productivity, including advice in "
msgstr ""
#. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para>
-#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:5944
+#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:5957
msgid ""
"When he speaks about his work, he talks about how much the song-a-day "
"process has changed him. Rather than seeing any given piece of work as "
msgstr ""
#. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para>
-#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:5951
+#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:5964
msgid ""
"Jonathan seems to have this mentality about his career more generally. He is "
"constantly experimenting with ways to make a living while sharing his work "
msgstr ""
#. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para>
-#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:5958
+#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:5971
msgid ""
"<quote>Success feels like it’s over,</quote> he said. <quote>To a certain "
"extent, a creative person is not ever going to feel completely satisfied "
msgstr ""
#. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><title>
-#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:5965
+#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:5978
msgid "Noun Project"
msgstr ""
#. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><blockquote><para>
-#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:5968
+#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:5981
msgid ""
"The Noun Project is a for-profit company offering an online platform to "
"display visual icons from a global network of designers. Founded in 2010 in "
msgstr ""
#. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><blockquote><para>
-#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:5973
+#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:5986
msgid "<ulink url=\"http://thenounproject.com\"/>"
msgstr ""
#. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><blockquote><para>
-#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:5975
+#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:5988
msgid ""
"<emphasis role=\"strong\">Revenue model</emphasis>: charging a transaction "
"fee, charging for custom services"
msgstr ""
#. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><blockquote><para>
-#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:5978
+#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:5991
msgid "<emphasis role=\"strong\">Interview date</emphasis>: October 6, 2015"
msgstr ""
#. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><blockquote><para>
-#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:5981
+#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:5994
msgid "<emphasis role=\"strong\">Interviewee</emphasis>: Edward Boatman, cofounder"
msgstr ""
#. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para>
-#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:5989
+#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:6002
msgid ""
"The Noun Project creates and shares visual language. There are millions who "
"use Noun Project symbols to simplify communication across borders, "
msgstr ""
#. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para>
-#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:5994
+#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:6007
msgid ""
"The original idea for the Noun Project came to cofounder Edward Boatman "
"while he was a student in architecture design school. He’d always done a lot "
msgstr ""
#. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para>
-#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:6002
+#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:6015
msgid ""
"When Edward went on to work at an architecture firm, he had to make a lot of "
"presentation boards for clients. But finding high-quality sources for "
msgstr ""
#. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para>
-#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:6010
+#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:6023
msgid ""
"With his partner, Sofya Polyakov, he began collecting symbols for a website "
"and writing a business plan. Inspiration came from the book Professor and "
msgstr ""
#. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para><footnote><para>
-#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:6021
+#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:6034
msgid ""
"<ulink "
"url=\"http://www.kickstarter.com/projects/tnp/building-a-free-collection-of-our-worlds-visual-sy/description\"/>"
msgstr ""
#. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para>
-#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:6018
+#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:6031
msgid ""
"Then Edward got laid off during the recession, which turned out to be a huge "
"catalyst. He decided to give his idea a go, and in 2010 Edward and Sofya "
msgstr ""
#. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para>
-#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:6027
+#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:6040
msgid ""
"They created a platform where symbols and icons could be uploaded, and "
"Edward began recruiting talented designers to contribute their designs, a "
msgstr ""
#. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para>
-#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:6035
+#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:6048
msgid ""
"The Noun Project currently has about seven thousand designers from around "
"the world. But not all submissions are accepted. The Noun Project’s "
msgstr ""
#. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para>
-#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:6044
+#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:6057
msgid ""
"Creative Commons is an integral part of the Noun Project’s business model; "
"this decision was inspired by Chris Anderson’s book Free: The Future of "
msgstr ""
#. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para>
-#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:6051
+#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:6064
msgid ""
"Edward knew he wanted to offer a free visual language while still providing "
"some protection and reward for its contributors. There is a tension between "
msgstr ""
#. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para>
-#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:6065
+#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:6078
msgid ""
"Noun Project’s business model and means of generating revenue have evolved "
"significantly over time. Their initial plan was to sell T-shirts with the "
msgstr ""
#. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para>
-#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:6076
+#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:6089
msgid ""
"They asked their global network of designers whether they’d be open to "
"receiving modest remuneration instead of attribution. Designers saw it as a "
msgstr ""
#. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para>
-#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:6083
+#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:6096
msgid ""
"The Noun Project first adopted a model whereby using an icon without giving "
"attribution would cost $1.99 per icon. The model’s second iteration added a "
msgstr ""
#. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para>
-#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:6097
+#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:6110
msgid ""
"Customers then began asking for an application-programming interface (API), "
"which would allow Noun Project icons and symbols to be directly accessed "
msgstr ""
#. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para>
-#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:6111
+#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:6124
msgid ""
"The Noun Project shares revenue with its international designers. For "
"one-off purchases, the revenue is split 70 percent to the designer and 30 "
msgstr ""
#. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para>
-#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:6116
+#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:6129
msgid ""
"The revenue from premium purchases (the subscription and API options) is "
"split a little differently. At the end of each month, the total revenue from "
msgstr ""
#. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para><footnote><para>
-#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:6128 MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:6200
+#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:6141 MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:6213
msgid "<ulink url=\"http://thenounproject.com/handbook/royalties/#getting_paid\"/>"
msgstr ""
#. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para>
-#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:6127
+#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:6140
msgid ""
"The Noun Project tries to be completely transparent about their royalty "
"structure.<placeholder type=\"footnote\" id=\"0\"/> They tend to over "
msgstr ""
#. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para>
-#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:6132
+#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:6145
msgid ""
"For most creators, contributing to the Noun Project is not a full-time job "
"but something they do on the side. Edward categorizes monthly earnings for "
msgstr ""
#. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para>
-#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:6139
+#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:6152
msgid ""
"Recently the Noun Project launched a new app called Lingo. Designers can "
"use Lingo to organize not just their Noun Project icons and symbols but also "
msgstr ""
#. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para>
-#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:6153
+#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:6166
msgid ""
"The Noun Project gives a ton of value away for free. A very large percentage "
"of their roughly one million members have a free account, but there are "
msgstr ""
#. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para>
-#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:6160
+#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:6173
msgid ""
"For Edward, <quote>creating, sharing, and celebrating the world’s visual "
"language</quote> is the most important aspect of what they do; it’s their "
msgstr ""
#. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para>
-#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:6166
+#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:6179
msgid ""
"Noun Project creators agree. When surveyed on why they participate in the "
"Noun Project, this is how designers rank their reasons: 1) to support the "
msgstr ""
#. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para>
-#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:6175
+#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:6188
msgid ""
"In Edward’s view, Creative Commons is central to their mission of sharing "
"and social good. Using Creative Commons makes the Noun Project’s mission "
msgstr ""
#. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para>
-#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:6182
+#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:6195
msgid ""
"Edward told us, <quote>Don’t underestimate the power of a passionate "
"community around your product or your business. They are going to go to bat "
msgstr ""
#. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para>
-#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:6192
+#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:6205
msgid ""
"The Noun Project nurtures their creators’ second motivation—promoting a "
"personal brand—by connecting every icon and symbol to the creator’s name and "
msgstr ""
#. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para>
-#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:6199
+#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:6212
msgid ""
"The Noun Project also builds community through Iconathons—hackathons for "
"icons.<placeholder type=\"footnote\" id=\"0\"/> In partnership with a "
msgstr ""
#. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para>
-#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:6208
+#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:6221
msgid ""
"Providing a free version of their product that satisfies a lot of their "
"customers’ needs has actually enabled the Noun Project to build the paid "
msgstr ""
#. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><title>
-#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:6219
+#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:6232
msgid "Open Data Institute"
msgstr ""
#. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><blockquote><para>
-#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:6222
+#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:6235
msgid ""
"The Open Data Institute is an independent nonprofit that connects, equips, "
"and inspires people around the world to innovate with data. Founded in 2012 "
msgstr ""
#. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><blockquote><para>
-#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:6227
+#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:6240
msgid "<ulink url=\"http://theodi.org\"/>"
msgstr ""
#. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><blockquote><para>
-#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:6229
+#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:6242
msgid ""
"<emphasis role=\"strong\">Revenue model</emphasis>: grant and government "
"funding, charging for custom services, donations"
msgstr ""
#. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><blockquote><para>
-#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:6232
+#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:6245
msgid "<emphasis role=\"strong\">Interview date</emphasis>: November 11, 2015"
msgstr ""
#. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><blockquote><para>
-#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:6235
+#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:6248
msgid ""
"<emphasis role=\"strong\">Interviewee</emphasis>: Jeni Tennison, technical "
"director"
msgstr ""
#. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para>
-#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:6243
+#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:6256
msgid ""
"Cofounded by Sir Tim Berners-Lee and Sir Nigel Shadbolt in 2012, the "
"London-based Open Data Institute (ODI) offers data-related training, events, "
msgstr ""
#. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para>
-#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:6253
+#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:6266
msgid ""
"Data underpins planning and decision making across all aspects of "
"society. Weather data helps farmers know when to plant their crops, flight "
msgstr ""
#. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para>
-#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:6265
+#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:6278
msgid ""
"The Open Data Institute’s 2012–17 business plan starts out by describing its "
"vision to establish itself as a world-leading center and to research and be "
msgstr ""
#. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><itemizedlist><listitem><para>
-#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:6275
+#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:6288
msgid ""
"demonstrate the commercial value of open government data and how open-data "
"policies affect this;"
msgstr ""
#. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><itemizedlist><listitem><para>
-#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:6281
+#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:6294
msgid "develop the economic benefits case and business models for open data;"
msgstr ""
#. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><itemizedlist><listitem><para>
-#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:6287
+#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:6300
msgid "help UK businesses use open data; and"
msgstr ""
#. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><itemizedlist><listitem><para><footnote><para>
-#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:6292
+#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:6305
msgid ""
"<ulink "
"url=\"http://e642e8368e3bf8d5526e-464b4b70b4554c1a79566214d402739e.r6.cf3.rackcdn.com/odi-business-plan-may-release.pdf\"/>"
msgstr ""
#. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><itemizedlist><listitem><para>
-#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:6292
+#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:6305
msgid ""
"show how open data can improve public services.<placeholder "
"type=\"footnote\" id=\"0\"/>"
msgstr ""
#. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para>
-#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:6297
+#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:6310
msgid ""
"ODI is very explicit about how it wants to make open business models, and "
"defining what this means. Jeni Tennison, ODI’s technical director, puts it "
msgstr ""
#. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para>
-#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:6307
+#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:6320
msgid ""
"As an independent nonprofit, ODI secured £10 million over five years from "
"the UK government via Innovate UK, an agency that promotes innovation in "
msgstr ""
#. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para>
-#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:6315
+#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:6328
msgid ""
"Jeni started out as a developer and technical architect for data.gov.uk, the "
"UK government’s pioneering open-data initiative. She helped make data sets "
msgstr ""
#. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para>
-#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:6322
+#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:6335
msgid ""
"ODI strives to have half its annual budget come from the core UK government "
"and Omidyar grants, and the other half from project-based research and "
msgstr ""
#. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para>
-#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:6330
+#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:6343
msgid ""
"On the commercial side, ODI generates funding through memberships, training, "
"and advisory services."
msgstr ""
#. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para><footnote><para>
-#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:6345
+#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:6358
msgid "<ulink url=\"http://directory.theodi.org/members\"/>"
msgstr ""
#. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para>
-#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:6334
+#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:6347
msgid ""
"You can join the ODI as an individual or commercial member. Individual "
"membership is pay-what-you-can, with options ranging from £1 to "
msgstr ""
#. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para>
-#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:6348
+#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:6361
msgid ""
"ODI provides standardized open data training courses in which anyone can "
"enroll. The initial idea was to offer an intensive and academically oriented "
msgstr ""
#. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para>
-#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:6362
+#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:6375
msgid ""
"ODI customizes training for clients as well, for which there is more "
"demand. Custom training usually emerges through an established relationship "
msgstr ""
#. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para>
-#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:6371
+#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:6384
msgid ""
"Education about open data is also a part of ODI’s annual summit event, where "
"curated presentations and speakers showcase the work of ODI and its members "
msgstr ""
#. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para>
-#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:6379
+#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:6392
msgid ""
"In addition to memberships and training, ODI provides advisory services to "
"help with technical-data support, technology development, change management, "
msgstr ""
#. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para>
-#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:6388
+#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:6401
msgid "On the commercial side, the following value propositions seem to resonate:"
msgstr ""
#. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><itemizedlist><listitem><para>
-#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:6394
+#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:6407
msgid ""
"Data-driven insights. Businesses need data from outside their business to "
"get more insight. Businesses can generate value and more effectively pursue "
msgstr ""
#. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><itemizedlist><listitem><para>
-#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:6402
+#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:6415
msgid ""
"Open innovation. Many large-scale enterprises are aware they don’t innovate "
"very well. One way they can innovate is to open up their data. ODI "
msgstr ""
#. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><itemizedlist><listitem><para>
-#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:6411
+#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:6424
msgid ""
"Corporate social responsibility. While this resonates with businesses, ODI "
"cautions against having it be the sole reason for making data open. If a "
msgstr ""
#. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para>
-#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:6420
+#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:6433
msgid ""
"During their early years, ODI wanted to focus solely on the United "
"Kingdom. But in their first year, large delegations of government visitors "
msgstr ""
#. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para>
-#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:6429
+#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:6442
msgid ""
"Nodes are franchises of the ODI at a regional or city level. Hosted by "
"existing (for-profit or not-for-profit) organizations, they operate locally "
msgstr ""
#. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para><footnote><para>
-#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:6443
+#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:6456
msgid ""
"<ulink url=\"http://theodi.org/odi-startup-programme\"/>; <ulink "
"url=\"http://theodi.org/open-data-incubator-for-europe\"/>"
msgstr ""
#. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para>
-#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:6441
+#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:6454
msgid ""
"ODI also runs programs to help start-ups in the UK and across Europe develop "
"a sustainable business around open data, offering mentoring, advice, "
msgstr ""
#. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para>
-#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:6447
+#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:6460
msgid ""
"A big part of ODI’s business model revolves around community "
"building. Memberships, training, summits, consulting services, nodes, and "
msgstr ""
#. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para><footnote><para>
-#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:6461
+#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:6474
msgid "<ulink url=\"http://certificates.theodi.org\"/>"
msgstr ""
#. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para>
-#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:6456
+#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:6469
msgid ""
"ODI has created an online tool that organizations can use to assess the "
"legal, practical, technical, and social aspects of their open data. If it is "
msgstr ""
#. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para>
-#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:6464
+#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:6477
msgid ""
"Separate from commercial activities, the ODI generates funding through "
"research grants. Research includes looking at evidence on the impact of open "
msgstr ""
#. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para>
-#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:6470
+#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:6483
msgid ""
"Creative Commons 4.0 licenses cover database rights and ODI recommends CC "
"BY, CC BY-SA, and CC0 for data releases. ODI encourages publishers of data "
msgstr ""
#. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para>
-#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:6477
+#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:6490
msgid ""
"For ODI, open is at the heart of what they do. They also release any "
"software code they produce under open-source-software licenses, and "
msgstr ""
#. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para>
-#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:6495
+#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:6508
msgid ""
"To serve as evidence of a successful open business model and return on "
"investment, ODI has a public dashboard of key performance indicators. Here "
msgstr ""
#. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><itemizedlist><listitem><para>
-#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:6503
+#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:6516
msgid ""
"Total amount of cash investments unlocked in direct investments in ODI, "
"competition funding, direct contracts, and partnerships, and income that ODI "
msgstr ""
#. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><itemizedlist><listitem><para>
-#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:6511
+#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:6524
msgid "Total number of active members and nodes across the globe: 1,350"
msgstr ""
#. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><itemizedlist><listitem><para>
-#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:6517
+#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:6530
msgid "Total sales since ODI began: £7.44 million"
msgstr ""
#. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><itemizedlist><listitem><para>
-#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:6522
+#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:6535
msgid ""
"Total number of unique people reached since ODI began, in person and online: "
"2.2 million"
msgstr ""
#. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><itemizedlist><listitem><para>
-#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:6528
+#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:6541
msgid "Total Open Data Certificates created: 151,000"
msgstr ""
#. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><itemizedlist><listitem><para><footnote><para>
-#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:6534
+#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:6547
msgid "<ulink url=\"http://dashboards.theodi.org/company/all\"/>"
msgstr ""
#. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><itemizedlist><listitem><para>
-#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:6533
+#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:6546
msgid ""
"Total number of people trained by ODI and its nodes since ODI began: "
"5,080<placeholder type=\"footnote\" id=\"0\"/>"
msgstr ""
#. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><title>
-#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:6540
+#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:6553
msgid "OpenDesk"
msgstr ""
#. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><blockquote><para>
-#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:6543
+#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:6556
msgid ""
"Opendesk is a for-profit company offering an online platform that connects "
"furniture designers around the world with customers and local makers who "
msgstr ""
#. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><blockquote><para>
-#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:6549
+#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:6562
msgid "<ulink url=\"http://www.opendesk.cc\"/>"
msgstr ""
#. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><blockquote><para>
-#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:6551 MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:8982
+#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:6564 MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:8995
msgid ""
"<emphasis role=\"strong\">Revenue model</emphasis>: charging a transaction "
"fee"
msgstr ""
#. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><blockquote><para>
-#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:6554
+#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:6567
msgid "<emphasis role=\"strong\">Interview date</emphasis>: November 4, 2015"
msgstr ""
#. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><blockquote><para>
-#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:6557
+#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:6570
msgid ""
"<emphasis role=\"strong\">Interviewees</emphasis>: Nick Ierodiaconou and "
"Joni Steiner, cofounders"
msgstr ""
#. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para>
-#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:6565
+#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:6578
msgid ""
"Opendesk is an online platform that connects furniture designers around the "
"world not just with customers but also with local registered makers who "
msgstr ""
#. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para>
-#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:6571
+#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:6584
msgid ""
"Cofounders Nick Ierodiaconou and Joni Steiner studied and worked as "
"architects together. They also made goods. Their first client was Mint "
msgstr ""
#. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para>
-#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:6588
+#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:6601
msgid ""
"When Nick and Joni set out to create Opendesk, there were a lot of questions "
"about the viability of distributed manufacturing. No one was doing it in a "
msgstr ""
#. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para>
-#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:6595
+#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:6608
msgid ""
"And now this sector is emerging, and Nick and Joni are highly interested in "
"the commercialization aspects of it. As part of coming up with a business "
msgstr ""
#. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para>
-#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:6606
+#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:6619
msgid ""
"When designing the Opendesk system, they had two goals. They wanted anyone, "
"anywhere in the world, to be able to download designs so that they could be "
msgstr ""
#. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para>
-#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:6613
+#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:6626
msgid ""
"They gave a lot of thought to three angles—the potential for social sharing, "
"allowing designers to choose their license, and the impact these choices "
msgstr ""
#. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para>
-#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:6618
+#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:6631
msgid ""
"In support of social sharing, Opendesk actively advocates for (but doesn’t "
"demand) open licensing. And Nick and Joni are agnostic about which Creative "
msgstr ""
#. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para><footnote><para>
-#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:6630
+#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:6643
msgid "<ulink url=\"http://www.opendesk.cc/designers\"/>"
msgstr ""
#. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para>
-#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:6626
+#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:6639
msgid ""
"For the most part, designers love the idea of sharing content. They "
"understand that you get positive feedback when you’re attributed, what Nick "
msgstr ""
#. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para>
-#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:6633
+#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:6646
msgid ""
"While designers are largely OK with personal sharing, there is a concern "
"that someone will take the design and manufacture the furniture in bulk, "
msgstr ""
#. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para>
-#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:6640
+#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:6653
msgid ""
"Anyone can download a design and make it themselves, provided it’s for "
"noncommercial use — and there have been many, many downloads. Or users can "
msgstr ""
#. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para><footnote><para>
-#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:6657
+#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:6670
msgid "<ulink url=\"http://www.opendesk.cc/open-making/makers/\"/>"
msgstr ""
#. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para>
-#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:6650
+#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:6663
msgid ""
"Makers benefit from being part of Opendesk’s network. Making furniture for "
"local customers is paid work, and Opendesk generates business for them. Joni "
msgstr ""
#. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para>
-#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:6660
+#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:6673
msgid ""
"The makers are a critical part of the Opendesk business model. Their model "
"builds off the makers’ quotes. Here’s how it’s expressed on Opendesk’s "
msgstr ""
#. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para>
-#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:6665
+#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:6678
msgid ""
"When customers buy an Opendesk product directly from a registered maker, "
"they pay:"
msgstr ""
#. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><itemizedlist><listitem><para>
-#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:6671
+#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:6684
msgid ""
"the manufacturing cost as set by the maker (this covers material and labour "
"costs for the product to be manufactured and any extra assembly costs "
msgstr ""
#. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><itemizedlist><listitem><para>
-#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:6678
+#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:6691
msgid ""
"a design fee for the designer (a design fee that is paid to the designer "
"every time their design is used)"
msgstr ""
#. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><itemizedlist><listitem><para>
-#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:6684
+#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:6697
msgid ""
"a percentage fee to the Opendesk platform (this supports the infrastructure "
"and ongoing development of the platform that helps us build out our "
msgstr ""
#. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><itemizedlist><listitem><para>
-#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:6691
+#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:6704
msgid ""
"a percentage fee to the channel through which the sale is made (at the "
"moment this is Opendesk, but in the future we aim to open this up to "
msgstr ""
#. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><itemizedlist><listitem><para>
-#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:6700
+#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:6713
msgid ""
"a local delivery service charge (the delivery is typically charged by the "
"maker, but in some cases may be paid to a third-party delivery partner)"
msgstr ""
#. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><itemizedlist><listitem><para>
-#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:6707
+#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:6720
msgid ""
"charges for any additional services the customer chooses, such as on-site "
"assembly (additional services are discretionary—in many cases makers will be "
msgstr ""
#. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><itemizedlist><listitem><para><footnote><para>
-#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:6716
+#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:6729
msgid "<ulink url=\"http://www.opendesk.cc/open-making/join\"/>"
msgstr ""
#. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><itemizedlist><listitem><para>
-#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:6715
+#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:6728
msgid ""
"local sales taxes (variable by customer and maker location)<placeholder "
"type=\"footnote\" id=\"0\"/>"
msgstr ""
#. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para>
-#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:6721
+#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:6734
msgid "They then go into detail how makers’ quotes are created:"
msgstr ""
#. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para>
-#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:6724
+#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:6737
msgid ""
"When a customer wants to buy an Opendesk . . . they are provided with a "
"transparent breakdown of fees including the manufacturing cost, design fee, "
msgstr ""
#. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><itemizedlist><listitem><para>
-#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:6737
+#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:6750
msgid ""
"manufacturing cost: fabrication, finishing and any other costs as set by the "
"maker (excluding any services like delivery or on-site assembly)"
msgstr ""
#. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><itemizedlist><listitem><para>
-#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:6744
+#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:6757
msgid "design fee: 8 percent of the manufacturing cost"
msgstr ""
#. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><itemizedlist><listitem><para>
-#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:6749
+#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:6762
msgid "platform fee: 12 percent of the manufacturing cost"
msgstr ""
#. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><itemizedlist><listitem><para>
-#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:6754
+#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:6767
msgid "channel fee: 18 percent of the manufacturing cost"
msgstr ""
#. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><itemizedlist><listitem><para>
-#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:6759
+#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:6772
msgid "sales tax: as applicable (depends on product and location)"
msgstr ""
#. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para>
-#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:6764
+#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:6777
msgid ""
"Opendesk shares revenue with their community of designers. According to "
"Nick and Joni, a typical designer fee is around 2.5 percent, so Opendesk’s 8 "
msgstr ""
#. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para>
-#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:6770
+#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:6783
msgid ""
"The Opendesk website features stories of designers and makers. Denis Fuzii "
"published the design for the Valovi Chair from his studio in São Paulo. His "
msgstr ""
#. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para>
-#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:6778
+#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:6791
msgid ""
"To manage resources and remain effective, Opendesk has so far focused on a "
"very narrow niche—primarily office furniture of a certain simple aesthetic, "
msgstr ""
#. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para>
-#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:6787
+#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:6800
msgid ""
"On their website, Opendesk describes what they do as <quote>open "
"making</quote>: <quote>Designers get a global distribution channel. Makers "
msgstr ""
#. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para>
-#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:6795
+#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:6808
msgid ""
"Nick and Joni say that customers like the fact that the furniture has a "
"known provenance. People really like that their furniture was designed by a "
msgstr ""
#. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para><footnote><para>
-#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:6808
+#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:6821
msgid "<ulink url=\"http://openmaking.is\"/>"
msgstr ""
#. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para>
-#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:6803
+#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:6816
msgid ""
"Nick and Joni are taking a community-based approach to define and evolve "
"Opendesk and the <quote>open making</quote> business model. They’re "
msgstr ""
#. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para>
-#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:6812
+#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:6825
msgid ""
"Nick and Joni talked a lot with us about intellectual property (IP) and "
"commercialization. Many of their designers fear the idea that someone could "
msgstr ""
#. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para>
-#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:6820
+#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:6833
msgid ""
"Opendesk established a set of principles for what their community considers "
"commercial and noncommercial use. Their website states:"
msgstr ""
#. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para>
-#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:6824
+#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:6837
msgid "It is unambiguously commercial use when anyone:"
msgstr ""
#. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><itemizedlist><listitem><para>
-#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:6829
+#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:6842
msgid "charges a fee or makes a profit when making an Opendesk"
msgstr ""
#. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><itemizedlist><listitem><para>
-#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:6834
+#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:6847
msgid "sells (or bases a commercial service on) an Opendesk"
msgstr ""
#. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para>
-#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:6839
+#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:6852
msgid ""
"It follows from this that noncommercial use is when you make an Opendesk "
"yourself, with no intention to gain commercial advantage or monetary "
msgstr ""
#. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><itemizedlist><listitem><para>
-#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:6847
+#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:6860
msgid ""
"you are an individual with your own CNC machine, or access to a shared CNC "
"machine, and will personally cut and make a few pieces of furniture yourself"
msgstr ""
#. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><itemizedlist><listitem><para>
-#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:6854
+#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:6867
msgid ""
"you are a student (or teacher) and you use the design files for educational "
"purposes or training (and do not intend to sell the resulting pieces)"
msgstr ""
#. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><itemizedlist><listitem><para>
-#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:6861
+#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:6874
msgid ""
"you work for a charity and get furniture cut by volunteers, or by employees "
"at a fab lab or maker space"
msgstr ""
#. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para>
-#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:6867
+#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:6880
msgid ""
"Whether or not people technically are doing things that implicate IP, Nick "
"and Joni have found that people tend to comply with the wishes of creators "
msgstr ""
#. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para>
-#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:6878
+#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:6891
msgid ""
"The mission of Opendesk is about relocalizing manufacturing, which changes "
"the way we think about how goods are made. Commercialization is integral to "
msgstr ""
#. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para>
-#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:6885
+#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:6898
msgid ""
"As a global platform for local making, Opendesk’s business model has been "
"built on honesty, transparency, and inclusivity. As Nick and Joni describe "
msgstr ""
#. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><title>
-#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:6892
+#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:6905
msgid "OpenStax"
msgstr ""
#. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><blockquote><para>
-#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:6895
+#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:6908
msgid ""
"OpenStax is a nonprofit that provides free, openly licensed textbooks for "
"high-enrollment introductory college courses and Advanced Placement "
msgstr ""
#. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><blockquote><para>
-#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:6900
+#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:6913
msgid "<ulink url=\"http://www.openstaxcollege.org\"/>"
msgstr ""
#. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><blockquote><para>
-#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:6902
+#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:6915
msgid ""
"<emphasis role=\"strong\">Revenue model</emphasis>: grant funding, charging "
"for custom services, charging for physical copies (textbook sales)"
msgstr ""
#. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><blockquote><para>
-#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:6906
+#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:6919
msgid "<emphasis role=\"strong\">Interview date</emphasis>: December 16, 2015"
msgstr ""
#. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><blockquote><para>
-#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:6909
+#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:6922
msgid ""
"<emphasis role=\"strong\">Interviewee</emphasis>: David Harris, "
"editor-in-chief"
msgstr ""
#. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para>
-#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:6917
+#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:6930
msgid ""
"OpenStax is an extension of a program called Connexions, which was started "
"in 1999 by Dr. Richard Baraniuk, the Victor E. Cameron Professor of "
msgstr ""
#. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para>
-#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:6929
+#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:6942
msgid ""
"In 2008, while in a senior leadership role at WebAssign and looking at ways "
"to reduce the risk that came with relying on publishers, David Harris began "
msgstr ""
#. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para>
-#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:6940
+#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:6953
msgid ""
"David brought with him a deep understanding of the best practices of "
"publishing along with where publishers have inefficiencies. In David’s view, "
msgstr ""
#. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para><footnote><para>
-#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:6958
+#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:6971
msgid ""
"<ulink "
"url=\"http://news.rice.edu/files/2016/01/0119-OPENSTAX-2016Infographic-lg-1tahxiu.jpg\"/>"
msgstr ""
#. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para>
-#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:6952
+#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:6965
msgid ""
"In 2012, OpenStax College launched as a nonprofit with the aim of producing "
"high-quality, peer-reviewed full-color textbooks that would be available for "
msgstr ""
#. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para>
-#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:6962
+#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:6975
msgid ""
"OpenStax textbooks are all Attribution (CC BY) licensed, and each textbook "
"is available as a PDF, an e-book, or web pages. Those who want a physical "
msgstr ""
#. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para>
-#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:6971
+#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:6984
msgid ""
"Teachers are invited to try out a single chapter from one of the textbooks "
"with students. If that goes well, they’re encouraged to adopt the entire "
msgstr ""
#. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para>
-#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:6979
+#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:6992
msgid ""
"Any teacher can post corrections, suggest examples for difficult concepts, "
"or volunteer as an editor or author. As many teachers also want supplemental "
msgstr ""
#. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para><footnote><para>
-#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:6990
+#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:7003
msgid "<ulink url=\"http://openstax.org/adopters\"/>"
msgstr ""
#. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para>
-#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:6986
+#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:6999
msgid ""
"Institutions can stand out by offering students a lower-cost education "
"through the use of OpenStax textbooks; there’s even a textbook-savings "
msgstr ""
#. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para>
-#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:6993
+#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:7006
msgid ""
"Unlike traditional publishers’ monolithic approach of controlling "
"intellectual property, distribution, and so many other aspects, OpenStax has "
msgstr ""
#. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para>
-#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:6999
+#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:7012
msgid ""
"Up-front funding of a professionally produced all-color turnkey textbook is "
"expensive. For this part of their model, OpenStax relies on "
msgstr ""
#. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para>
-#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:7010
+#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:7023
msgid ""
"However, ongoing operations will not rely on foundation grants but instead "
"on funds received through an ecosystem of over forty partners, whereby a "
msgstr ""
#. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para>
-#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:7020
+#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:7033
msgid ""
"Another example is Odigia, who has turned OpenStax books into interactive "
"learning experiences and created additional tools to measure and promote "
msgstr ""
#. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para>
-#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:7030
+#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:7043
msgid ""
"In David’s view, this approach lets the market operate at peak "
"efficiency. OpenStax’s partners don’t have to worry about developing "
msgstr ""
#. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para>
-#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:7042
+#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:7055
msgid ""
"OpenStax’s cost of sales to acquire a single student is very, very low and "
"is a fraction of what traditional players in the market face. This year, "
msgstr ""
#. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para>
-#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:7050
+#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:7063
msgid ""
"While OpenStax books are available online for free, many students still want "
"a print copy. Through a partnership with a print and courier company, "
msgstr ""
#. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para>
-#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:7060
+#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:7073
msgid ""
"Campus-based bookstores are part of the OpenStax solution. OpenStax "
"collaborates with NACSCORP (the National Association of College Stores "
msgstr ""
#. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para>
-#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:7073
+#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:7086
msgid ""
"David thinks of the OpenStax model as <quote>OER 2.0.</quote> So what is OER "
"1.0? Historically in the OER field, many OER initiatives have been locally "
msgstr ""
#. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para>
-#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:7081
+#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:7094
msgid ""
"OER 2.0 is about OER intended to be used and adopted on a national level "
"right from the start. This requires a bigger investment up front but pays "
msgstr ""
#. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para>
-#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:7094
+#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:7107
msgid ""
"The process is similar for both models. First they look at the scope and "
"sequence of existing textbooks. They ask questions like what does the "
msgstr ""
#. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para>
-#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:7112
+#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:7125
msgid ""
"All the people involved in this process are paid. OpenStax does not rely on "
"volunteers. Writers, reviewers, illustrators, and editors are all paid an "
msgstr ""
#. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para>
-#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:7122
+#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:7135
msgid ""
"David thinks of the Attribution license (CC BY) as the <quote>innovation "
"license.</quote> It’s core to the mission of OpenStax, letting people use "
msgstr ""
#. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para>
-#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:7132
+#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:7145
msgid ""
"Using CC BY is also a good example of using strategies that traditional "
"publishers can’t. Traditional publishers rely on copyright to prevent others "
msgstr ""
#. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para>
-#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:7142
+#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:7155
msgid ""
"As of September 16, 2016, OpenStax has achieved some impressive "
"results. From the OpenStax at a Glance fact sheet from their recent press "
msgstr ""
#. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><itemizedlist><listitem><para>
-#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:7149
+#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:7162
msgid "Books published: 23"
msgstr ""
#. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><itemizedlist><listitem><para>
-#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:7154
+#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:7167
msgid "Students who have used OpenStax: 1.6 million"
msgstr ""
#. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><itemizedlist><listitem><para>
-#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:7159
+#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:7172
msgid "Money saved for students: $155 million"
msgstr ""
#. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><itemizedlist><listitem><para>
-#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:7164
+#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:7177
msgid "Money saved for students in the 2016/17 academic year: $77 million"
msgstr ""
#. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><itemizedlist><listitem><para>
-#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:7170
+#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:7183
msgid ""
"Schools that have used OpenStax: 2,668 (This number reflects all "
"institutions using at least one OpenStax textbook. Out of 2,668 schools, 517 "
msgstr ""
#. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para>
-#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:7179
+#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:7192
msgid ""
"While OpenStax has to date been focused on the United States, there is "
"overseas adoption especially in the science, technology, engineering, and "
msgstr ""
#. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para>
-#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:7186
+#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:7199
msgid ""
"OpenStax has primarily focused on introductory-level college courses where "
"there is high enrollment, but they are starting to think about verticals—a "
msgstr ""
#. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para>
-#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:7194
+#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:7207
msgid ""
"Finally, for OpenStax success is not just about the adoption of their "
"textbooks and student savings. There is a human aspect to the work that is "
msgstr ""
#. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><title>
-#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:7207
+#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:7220
msgid "Amanda Palmer"
msgstr ""
#. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><blockquote><para>
-#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:7210
+#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:7223
msgid "Amanda Palmer is a musician, artist, and writer. Based in the U.S."
msgstr ""
#. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><blockquote><para>
-#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:7214
+#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:7227
msgid "<ulink url=\"http://amandapalmer.net\"/>"
msgstr ""
#. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><blockquote><para>
-#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:7216
+#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:7229
msgid ""
"<emphasis role=\"strong\">Revenue model</emphasis>: crowdfunding "
"(subscription-based), pay-what-you-want, charging for physical copies (book "
msgstr ""
#. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><blockquote><para>
-#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:7221
+#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:7234
msgid "<emphasis role=\"strong\">Interview date</emphasis>: December 15, 2015"
msgstr ""
#. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para><footnote><para>
-#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:7232
+#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:7245
msgid ""
"<ulink "
"url=\"http://www.forbes.com/sites/zackomalleygreenburg/2015/04/16/amanda-palmer-uncut-the-kickstarter-queen-on-spotify-patreon-and-taylor-swift/#44e20ce46d67\"/>"
msgstr ""
#. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para>
-#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:7229
+#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:7242
msgid ""
"Since the beginning of her career, Amanda Palmer has been on what she calls "
"a <quote>journey with no roadmap,</quote> continually experimenting to find "
msgstr ""
#. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para>
-#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:7235
+#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:7248
msgid ""
"In her best-selling book, The Art of Asking, Amanda articulates exactly what "
"she has been and continues to strive for—<quote>the ideal sweet spot "
msgstr ""
#. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para>
-#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:7242
+#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:7255
msgid ""
"While she seems to have successfully found that sweet spot for herself, "
"Amanda is the first to acknowledge there is no silver bullet. She thinks the "
msgstr ""
#. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para>
-#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:7251
+#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:7264
msgid ""
"Amanda began her artistic career as a street performer. She would dress up "
"in an antique wedding gown, paint her face white, stand on a stack of milk "
msgstr ""
#. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para>
-#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:7265
+#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:7278
msgid ""
"Amanda has come a long way from her street-performing days, but her career "
"remains dominated by that same sentiment—finding ways to reach <quote>her "
msgstr ""
#. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para>
-#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:7276
+#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:7289
msgid ""
"After leaving the record label in 2008, she began experimenting with "
"different ways to make a living. She released music directly to the public "
msgstr ""
#. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para>
-#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:7288
+#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:7301
msgid ""
"Today, Amanda has switched gears away from crowdfunding for specific "
"projects to instead getting consistent financial support from her fan base "
msgstr ""
#. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para>
-#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:7300
+#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:7313
msgid ""
"Making her music and art available under Creative Commons licensing "
"undoubtedly limits her options for how she makes a living. But sharing her "
msgstr ""
#. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para>
-#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:7318
+#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:7331
msgid ""
"Amanda embraces the way her fans share and build upon her music. In The Art "
"of Asking, she wrote that some of her fans’ unofficial videos using her "
msgstr ""
#. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para>
-#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:7326
+#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:7339
msgid ""
"This is symbolic of how nearly everything she does in her career is "
"motivated by a desire to connect with her fans. At the start of her career, "
msgstr ""
#. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para>
-#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:7336
+#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:7349
msgid ""
"Even though her fan base is now huge and global, she continues to seek this "
"sort of human connection with her fans. She seeks out face-to-face contact "
msgstr ""
#. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para>
-#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:7348
+#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:7361
msgid ""
"Another part of the connection fans feel with Amanda is how much they know "
"about her life. Rather than trying to craft a public persona or image, she "
msgstr ""
#. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para>
-#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:7357
+#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:7370
msgid ""
"<quote>With social media, we’re so concerned with the picture looking "
"palatable and consumable that we forget that being human and showing the "
msgstr ""
#. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para>
-#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:7366
+#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:7379
msgid ""
"Not only does she disclose intimate details of her life to them, she sleeps "
"on their couches, listens to their stories, cries with them. In short, she "
msgstr ""
#. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para>
-#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:7376
+#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:7389
msgid ""
"After years of investing time and energy into building trust with her fans, "
"she has a strong enough relationship with them to ask for support—through "
msgstr ""
#. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para>
-#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:7385
+#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:7398
msgid ""
"<quote>When you openly, radically trust people, they not only take care of "
"you, they become your allies, your family,</quote> she wrote. There really "
msgstr ""
#. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para>
-#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:7393
+#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:7406
msgid ""
"This sort of intimacy with fans is not possible or even desirable for every "
"creator. <quote>I don’t take for granted that I happen to be the type of "
msgstr ""
#. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para>
-#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:7403
+#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:7416
msgid ""
"Yet while Amanda joyfully interacts with her fans and involves them in her "
"work as much as possible, she does keep one job primarily to herself—writing "
msgstr ""
#. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para>
-#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:7416
+#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:7429
msgid ""
"For Amanda, the entire point of being an artist is to establish and maintain "
"this connection. <quote>It sounds so corny,</quote> she said, <quote>but my "
msgstr ""
#. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para>
-#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:7426
+#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:7439
msgid ""
"As she explains it, when a fan gives her a ten-dollar bill, usually what "
"they are saying is that the money symbolizes some deeper value the music "
msgstr ""
#. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><title>
-#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:7437
+#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:7450
msgid "PLOS (Public Library of Science)"
msgstr ""
#. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><blockquote><para>
-#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:7440
+#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:7453
msgid ""
"PLOS (Public Library of Science) is a nonprofit that publishes a library of "
"academic journals and other scientific literature. Founded in 2000 in the "
msgstr ""
#. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><blockquote><para>
-#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:7445
+#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:7458
msgid "<ulink url=\"http://plos.org\"/>"
msgstr ""
#. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><blockquote><para>
-#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:7447
+#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:7460
msgid ""
"<emphasis role=\"strong\">Revenue model</emphasis>: charging content "
"creators an author processing charge to be featured in the journal"
msgstr ""
#. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><blockquote><para>
-#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:7451
+#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:7464
msgid "<emphasis role=\"strong\">Interview date</emphasis>: March 7, 2016"
msgstr ""
#. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><blockquote><para>
-#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:7453
+#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:7466
msgid "<emphasis role=\"strong\">Interviewee</emphasis>: Louise Page, publisher"
msgstr ""
#. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para>
-#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:7461
+#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:7474
msgid ""
"The Public Library of Science (PLOS) began in 2000 when three leading "
"scientists—Harold E. Varmus, Patrick O. Brown, and Michael Eisen—started an "
msgstr ""
#. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para>
-#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:7475
+#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:7488
msgid ""
"Traditionally, academic publishing begins with an author submitting a "
"manuscript to a publisher. After in-house technical and ethical "
msgstr ""
#. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para>
-#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:7486
+#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:7499
msgid ""
"For Louise Page, the current publisher of PLOS, this traditional model "
"results in inequity. Access is restricted to those who can pay. Most "
msgstr ""
#. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para>
-#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:7498
+#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:7511
msgid ""
"That new model became known as open access. That is, free and open "
"availability on the Internet. Open-access research articles are not behind a "
msgstr ""
#. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para>
-#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:7510
+#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:7523
msgid ""
"However, open access requires rethinking the business model of research "
"publication. Rather than charge a subscription fee to access the journal, "
msgstr ""
#. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para>
-#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:7522
+#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:7535
msgid ""
"Calculating the article-processing charge involves taking all the costs "
"associated with publishing the journal and determining a cost per article "
msgstr ""
#. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para>
-#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:7531
+#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:7544
msgid ""
"PLOS believes that lack of funds should not be a barrier to "
"publication. Since its inception, PLOS has provided fee support for "
msgstr ""
#. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para>
-#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:7537
+#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:7550
msgid ""
"Louise identifies marketing as one area of big difference between PLOS and "
"traditional journal publishers. Traditional journals have to invest heavily "
msgstr ""
#. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para>
-#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:7554
+#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:7567
msgid ""
"For Louise, PLOS would not exist without the Attribution license (CC "
"BY). This makes it very clear what rights are associated with the content "
msgstr ""
#. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para>
-#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:7562
+#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:7575
msgid ""
"PLOS also has a broad open-data policy. To get their research paper "
"published, PLOS authors must also make their data available in a public "
msgstr ""
#. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para>
-#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:7567
+#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:7580
msgid ""
"Business-operation costs associated with the open-access model still largely "
"follow the existing publishing model. PLOS journals are online only, but the "
msgstr ""
#. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para>
-#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:7576
+#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:7589
msgid ""
"Researchers are influenced by journal rankings, which reflect the place of a "
"journal within its field, the relative difficulty of being published in that "
msgstr ""
#. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para>
-#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:7582
+#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:7595
msgid ""
"The promotion and tenure of researchers are partially based how many times "
"other researchers cite their articles. Louise says when researchers want to "
msgstr ""
#. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para>
-#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:7591
+#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:7604
msgid ""
"Louise believes that open access has been a huge success, progressing from a "
"movement led by a small cadre of researchers to something that is now "
msgstr ""
#. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para>
-#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:7599
+#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:7612
msgid ""
"PLOS further disrupted the traditional journal-publishing model by "
"pioneering the concept of a megajournal. The PLOS ONE megajournal, launched "
msgstr ""
#. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para>
-#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:7623
+#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:7636
msgid ""
"Louise outlined some other aspects of the research-journal business model "
"PLOS is experimenting with, describing each as a kind of slider that could "
msgstr ""
#. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para>
-#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:7628
+#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:7641
msgid ""
"One slider is time to publication. Time to publication may shorten as "
"journals get better at providing quicker decisions to authors. However, "
msgstr ""
#. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para>
-#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:7635
+#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:7648
msgid ""
"Peer review is another part of the process that could change. It’s possible "
"to redefine what peer review actually is, when to review, and what "
msgstr ""
#. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para>
-#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:7647
+#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:7660
msgid ""
"Louise says research with negative outcomes is almost as important as "
"positive results. If journals published more research with negative "
msgstr ""
#. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para>
-#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:7654
+#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:7667
msgid ""
"Another adjustable practice is the sharing of articles at early preprint "
"stages. Publication of research in a peer-reviewed journal can take a long "
msgstr ""
#. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para>
-#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:7672
+#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:7685
msgid ""
"What constitutes a journal article could also change. The idea of a research "
"article as printed, bound, and in a library stack is outdated. Digital and "
msgstr ""
#. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para><footnote><para>
-#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:7686
+#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:7699
msgid "<ulink url=\"http://collections.plos.org\"/>"
msgstr ""
#. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para><footnote><para>
-#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:7690
+#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:7703
msgid "<ulink url=\"http://plos.org/article-level-metrics\"/>"
msgstr ""
#. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para>
-#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:7682
+#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:7695
msgid ""
"As journals scale up, and new journals are introduced, more and more "
"information is being pushed out to readers, making the experience feel like "
msgstr ""
#. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para>
-#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:7695
+#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:7708
msgid ""
"The big picture for PLOS going forward is to combine and adjust these "
"experimental practices in ways that continue to improve accessibility and "
msgstr ""
#. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para>
-#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:7705
+#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:7718
msgid ""
"For PLOS, success is not about revenue. Success is about proving that "
"scientific research can be communicated rapidly and economically at scale, "
msgstr ""
#. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para>
-#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:7715
+#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:7728
msgid ""
"Ultimately, for PLOS, its authors, and its readers, success is about making "
"research discoverable, available, and reproducible for the advancement of "
msgstr ""
#. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><title>
-#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:7721
+#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:7734
msgid "Rijksmuseum"
msgstr ""
#. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><blockquote><para>
-#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:7724
+#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:7737
msgid ""
"The Rijksmuseum is a Dutch national museum dedicated to art and "
"history. Founded in 1800 in the Netherlands"
msgstr ""
#. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><blockquote><para>
-#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:7728
+#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:7741
msgid "<ulink url=\"http://www.rijksmuseum.nl\"/>"
msgstr ""
#. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><blockquote><para>
-#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:7730
+#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:7743
msgid ""
"<emphasis role=\"strong\">Revenue model</emphasis>: grants and government "
"funding, charging for in-person version (museum admission), selling "
msgstr ""
#. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><blockquote><para>
-#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:7734
+#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:7747
msgid "<emphasis role=\"strong\">Interview date</emphasis>: December 11, 2015"
msgstr ""
#. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><blockquote><para>
-#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:7737
+#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:7750
msgid ""
"<emphasis role=\"strong\">Interviewee</emphasis>: Lizzy Jongma, the data "
"manager of the collections information department"
msgstr ""
#. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para>
-#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:7745
+#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:7758
msgid ""
"The Rijksmuseum, a national museum in the Netherlands dedicated to art and "
"history, has been housed in its current building since 1885. The monumental "
msgstr ""
#. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para>
-#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:7761
+#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:7774
msgid ""
"By the time Lizzy Jongma joined the Rijksmuseum in 2011 as a data manager, "
"staff were fed up with the situation the museum was in. They also realized "
msgstr ""
#. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para>
-#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:7775
+#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:7788
msgid ""
"It was effective but a bit boring. It was just data. A hackathon they were "
"invited to got them to start talking about events like that as having "
msgstr ""
#. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para><footnote><para>
-#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:7786
+#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:7799
msgid "<ulink url=\"http://www.europeana.eu/portal/en\"/>"
msgstr ""
#. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para>
-#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:7784
+#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:7797
msgid ""
"Then, Lizzy says, Europeana came along. Europeana is Europe’s digital "
"library, museum, and archive for cultural heritage.<placeholder "
msgstr ""
#. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para>
-#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:7798
+#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:7811
msgid ""
"They realized that they don’t <quote>own</quote> the collection and couldn’t "
"realistically monitor and enforce compliance with the restrictive licensing "
msgstr ""
#. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para>
-#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:7811
+#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:7824
msgid ""
"In 2011 the Rijksmuseum began making their digital photos of works known to "
"be free of copyright available online, using Creative Commons CC0 to place "
msgstr ""
#. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para>
-#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:7825
+#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:7838
msgid ""
"In 2013 the Rijksmuseum changed its business model. They Creative Commons "
"licensed their highest-quality images and released them online for "
msgstr ""
#. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para>
-#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:7836
+#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:7849
msgid ""
"Releasing these high-quality images for free reduced the number of "
"poor-quality images that were proliferating. The high-quality image of "
msgstr ""
#. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para>
-#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:7851
+#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:7864
msgid ""
"Every museum tends to be driven by the number of physical visitors. The "
"Rijksmuseum is primarily publicly funded, receiving roughly 70 percent of "
msgstr ""
#. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para>
-#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:7859
+#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:7872
msgid ""
"As museums create a digital presence for themselves and put up digital "
"representations of their collection online, there’s frequently a worry that "
msgstr ""
#. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para><footnote><para>
-#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:7879
+#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:7892
msgid "<ulink url=\"http://www.rijksmuseum.nl/en/rijksstudio\"/>"
msgstr ""
#. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para>
-#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:7873
+#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:7886
msgid ""
"In 2011 the Rijksmuseum received €1 million from the Dutch lottery to create "
"a new web presence that would be different from any other museum’s. In "
msgstr ""
#. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para>
-#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:7882
+#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:7895
msgid ""
"The Rijksstudio gives users access to over two hundred thousand high-quality "
"digital representations of masterworks from the collection. Users can zoom "
msgstr ""
#. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para>
-#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:7893
+#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:7906
msgid ""
"Users have created over 276,000 Rijksstudios, generating their own themed "
"virtual exhibitions on a wide variety of topics ranging from tapestries to "
msgstr ""
#. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para>
-#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:7900
+#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:7913
msgid ""
"Some contemporary artists who have works in the Rijksmuseum collection "
"contacted them to ask why their works were not included in the "
msgstr ""
#. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para><footnote><para>
-#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:7920
+#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:7933
msgid ""
"<ulink "
"url=\"http://www.etsy.com/ca/listing/175696771/fringe-kimono-silk-kimono-kimono-robe\"/>"
msgstr ""
#. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para>
-#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:7911
+#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:7924
msgid ""
"The Rijksmuseum believes that art stimulates entrepreneurial activity. The "
"line between creative and commercial can be blurry. As Lizzy says, even "
msgstr ""
#. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para><footnote><para>
-#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:7924
+#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:7937
msgid ""
"<ulink url=\"http://www.rijksmuseum.nl/en/rijksstudio-award\"/>; the 2014 "
"award: <ulink url=\"http://www.rijksmuseum.nl/en/rijksstudio-award-2014\"/>; "
msgstr ""
#. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para><footnote><para>
-#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:7936
+#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:7949
msgid ""
"<ulink "
"url=\"http://www.rijksmuseum.nl/nl/rijksstudio/142328--nominees-rijksstudio-award/creaties/ba595afe-452d-46bd-9c8c-48dcbdd7f0a4\"/>"
msgstr ""
#. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para>
-#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:7923
+#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:7936
msgid ""
"In 2013 the Rijksmuseum organized their first high-profile design "
"competition, known as the Rijksstudio Award.<placeholder type=\"footnote\" "
msgstr ""
#. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para>
-#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:7942
+#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:7955
msgid ""
"For the next iteration of the Rijksstudio, the Rijksmuseum is considering an "
"upload tool, for people to upload their own works of art, and enhanced "
msgstr ""
#. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para>
-#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:7948
+#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:7961
msgid ""
"Going with a more open business model generated lots of publicity for the "
"Rijksmuseum. They were one of the first museums to open up their collection "
msgstr ""
#. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para>
-#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:7957
+#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:7970
msgid ""
"The Rijksmuseum has been experimenting with other ways to invite the public "
"to look at and interact with their collection. On an international day "
msgstr ""
#. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para>
-#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:7970
+#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:7983
msgid ""
"For the Rijksmuseum, adopting an open business model was scary. They came "
"up with many worst-case scenarios, imagining all kinds of awful things "
msgstr ""
#. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><title>
-#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:7990
+#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:8003
msgid "Shareable"
msgstr ""
#. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><blockquote><para>
-#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:7993
+#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:8006
msgid "Shareable is an online magazine about sharing. Founded in 2009 in the U.S."
msgstr ""
#. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><blockquote><para>
-#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:7997
+#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:8010
msgid "<ulink url=\"http://www.shareable.net\"/>"
msgstr ""
#. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><blockquote><para>
-#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:7999
+#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:8012
msgid ""
"<emphasis role=\"strong\">Revenue model</emphasis>: grant funding, "
"crowdfunding (project-based), donations, sponsorships"
msgstr ""
#. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><blockquote><para>
-#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:8002
+#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:8015
msgid "<emphasis role=\"strong\">Interview date</emphasis>: February 24, 2016"
msgstr ""
#. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><blockquote><para>
-#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:8005
+#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:8018
msgid ""
"<emphasis role=\"strong\">Interviewee</emphasis>: Neal Gorenflo, cofounder "
"and executive editor"
msgstr ""
#. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para>
-#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:8013
+#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:8026
msgid ""
"In 2013, Shareable faced an impasse. The nonprofit online publication had "
"helped start a sharing movement four years prior, but over time, they "
msgstr ""
#. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para>
-#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:8024
+#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:8037
msgid ""
"As an organization, Shareable decided to draw a line in the sand. In 2013, "
"the cofounder and executive editor Neal Gorenflo wrote an opinion piece in "
msgstr ""
#. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para>
-#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:8036
+#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:8049
msgid ""
"Neal said their public critique of the corporate sharing economy defined "
"what Shareable was and is. He does not think the magazine would still be "
msgstr ""
#. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para>
-#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:8046
+#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:8059
msgid ""
"Interestingly, impassioned supporters are only a small sliver of Shareable’s "
"total audience. Most are casual readers who come across a Shareable story "
msgstr ""
#. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para>
-#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:8057
+#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:8070
msgid ""
"Shareable is a magazine, but the content they publish is a means to "
"furthering their role as a leader and catalyst of a movement. Shareable "
msgstr ""
#. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para>
-#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:8069
+#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:8082
msgid ""
"They have worked hard to find ways to tell stories that show different "
"metrics for success. <quote>We wanted to change the notion of what "
msgstr ""
#. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para>
-#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:8081
+#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:8094
msgid ""
"More than half of Shareable’s stories are written by paid journalists that "
"are contracted by the magazine. <quote>Particularly in content areas that "
msgstr ""
#. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para>
-#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:8096
+#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:8109
msgid ""
"All of Shareable’s original content is published under the Attribution "
"license (CC BY), meaning it can be used for any purpose as long as credit is "
msgstr ""
#. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para>
-#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:8111
+#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:8124
msgid ""
"In addition to their regular news and commentary online, Shareable has also "
"experimented with book publishing. In 2012, they worked with a traditional "
msgstr ""
#. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para>
-#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:8121
+#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:8134
msgid ""
"In 2016, Shareable self-published a book of curated Shareable stories called "
"How to: Share, Save Money and Have Fun. The book was available for sale, but "
msgstr ""
#. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para>
-#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:8128
+#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:8141
msgid ""
"This recent book is one of many fund-raising experiments Shareable has "
"conducted in recent years. Currently, Shareable is primarily funded by "
msgstr ""
#. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para>
-#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:8138
+#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:8151
msgid ""
"For Shareable, success is very much about their impact on the world. This is "
"true for Neal, but also for everyone who works for Shareable. <quote>We "
msgstr ""
#. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para>
-#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:8151
+#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:8164
msgid ""
"In 2013, Shareable ran its first crowdfunding campaign to launch their "
"Sharing Cities Network. Neal said at first they were on pace to fail "
msgstr ""
#. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para>
-#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:8161
+#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:8174
msgid ""
"For Neal, this symbolized how so much of success comes down to "
"relationships. Over time, Shareable has invested time and energy into the "
msgstr ""
#. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para>
-#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:8168
+#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:8181
msgid ""
"Shareable began hosting events in 2010. These events were designed to bring "
"the sharing community together. But over time they realized they could reach "
msgstr ""
#. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para>
-#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:8185
+#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:8198
msgid ""
"Neal says Shareable stumbled upon this strategy, but it seems to perfectly "
"encapsulate just how the commons is supposed to work. Rather than a "
msgstr ""
#. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><title>
-#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:8193
+#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:8206
msgid "Siyavula"
msgstr ""
#. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><blockquote><para>
-#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:8196
+#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:8209
msgid ""
"Siyavula is a for-profit educational-technology company that creates "
"textbooks and integrated learning experiences. Founded in 2012 in South "
msgstr ""
#. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><blockquote><para>
-#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:8201
+#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:8214
msgid "<ulink url=\"http://www.siyavula.com\"/>"
msgstr ""
#. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><blockquote><para>
-#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:8203
+#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:8216
msgid ""
"<emphasis role=\"strong\">Revenue model</emphasis>: charging for custom "
"services, sponsorships"
msgstr ""
#. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><blockquote><para>
-#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:8206
+#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:8219
msgid "<emphasis role=\"strong\">Interview date</emphasis>: April 5, 2016"
msgstr ""
#. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><blockquote><para>
-#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:8208
+#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:8221
msgid "<emphasis role=\"strong\">Interviewee</emphasis>: Mark Horner, CEO"
msgstr ""
#. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para>
-#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:8215
+#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:8228
msgid ""
"Openness is a key principle for Siyavula. They believe that every learner "
"and teacher should have access to high-quality educational resources, as "
msgstr ""
#. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para>
-#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:8223
+#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:8236
msgid ""
"In terms of creating an open business model that involves Creative Commons, "
"Siyavula—and its founder, Mark Horner—have been around the block a few "
msgstr ""
#. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para>
-#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:8230
+#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:8243
msgid ""
"It all started in 2002, when Mark and several other colleagues at the "
"University of Cape Town in South Africa founded the Free High School Science "
msgstr ""
#. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para><footnote><para>
-#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:8241
+#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:8254
msgid "<ulink url=\"http://www.gnu.org/licenses/fdl\"/>"
msgstr ""
#. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para>
-#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:8238
+#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:8251
msgid ""
"As physicists, Mark and his colleagues were advocates of open-source "
"software. To make the books open and free, they adopted the Free Software "
msgstr ""
#. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para>
-#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:8247
+#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:8260
msgid ""
"In 2007, the Shuttleworth Foundation offered funding support to make the "
"textbooks available for trial use at more schools. Surveys before and after "
msgstr ""
#. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para>
-#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:8255
+#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:8268
msgid ""
"But the development of new textbooks froze at this stage. Mark shifted his "
"focus to rural schools, which didn’t have textbooks at all, and looked into "
msgstr ""
#. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para><footnote><para>
-#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:8265
+#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:8278
msgid "<ulink url=\"http://www.capetowndeclaration.org\"/>"
msgstr ""
#. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para>
-#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:8261
+#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:8274
msgid ""
"In 2007, Shuttleworth and the Open Society Institute convened a group of "
"open-education activists for a small but lively meeting in Cape Town. One "
msgstr ""
#. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para>
-#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:8270
+#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:8283
msgid ""
"They wrote six original textbooks. A small publishing company offered "
"Shuttleworth the option to buy out the publisher’s existing K–9 content for "
msgstr ""
#. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para>
-#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:8278
+#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:8291
msgid ""
"Mark wanted to build out the remaining curricula collaboratively through "
"communities of practice—that is, with fellow educators and writers. Although "
msgstr ""
#. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para><footnote><para>
-#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:8297
+#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:8310
msgid "<ulink url=\"http://cnx.org\"/>"
msgstr ""
#. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para>
-#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:8293
+#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:8306
msgid ""
"Not only did Mark want the resources to be shareable, he wanted all teachers "
"to be able to remix and edit the content. Mark and his team had to come up "
msgstr ""
#. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para>
-#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:8301
+#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:8314
msgid ""
"Then the Shuttleworth Foundation decided to completely restructure its work "
"as a foundation into a fellowship model (for reasons completely unrelated to "
msgstr ""
#. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para>
-#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:8308
+#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:8321
msgid ""
"Mark and his team experimented with several different strategies. They "
"tried creating an authoring and hosting platform called Full Marks so that "
msgstr ""
#. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para>
-#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:8316
+#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:8329
msgid ""
"Then the South African government approached Siyavula with an interest in "
"printing out the original six Free High School Science Texts (math and "
msgstr ""
#. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para>
-#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:8324
+#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:8337
msgid ""
"They began to conceive of the six books as having massive marketing "
"potential for Siyavula. Printing Siyavula books for every kid in South "
msgstr ""
#. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para>
-#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:8333
+#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:8346
msgid ""
"Mark and his team began imagining what they could develop beyond what was in "
"the textbooks as a service they charge for. One key thing you can’t do well "
msgstr ""
#. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para>
-#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:8346
+#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:8359
msgid ""
"The costs for using Intelligent Practice were set very low, making it "
"accessible even to those with limited financial means. Siyavula was going "
msgstr ""
#. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para>
-#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:8352
+#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:8365
msgid ""
"The government distributed the books to 1.5 million students, but there was "
"an unexpected wrinkle: the books were delivered late. Rather than wait, "
msgstr ""
#. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para>
-#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:8361
+#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:8374
msgid ""
"Siyavula’s site did see a dramatic increase in traffic. They got five "
"hundred thousand visitors per month to their math site and the same number "
msgstr ""
#. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para>
-#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:8370
+#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:8383
msgid ""
"At first, the Intelligent Practice services could only be paid using a "
"credit card. This proved problematic, especially for those in the low-income "
msgstr ""
#. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para>
-#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:8379
+#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:8392
msgid ""
"Mark describes this as the first version of Siyavula’s business model: open "
"textbooks serving as marketing material and driving traffic to your site, "
msgstr ""
#. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para>
-#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:8385
+#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:8398
msgid ""
"For Mark a key decision for Siyavula’s business was to focus on how they can "
"add value on top of their basic service. They’ll charge only if they are "
msgstr ""
#. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para>
-#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:8394
+#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:8407
msgid ""
"Version two of Siyavula’s business model was a big, ambitious idea—scale "
"up. They also decided to sell the Intelligent Practice service to schools "
msgstr ""
#. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para>
-#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:8405
+#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:8418
msgid ""
"Teachers get a dashboard that allows them to monitor the progress of an "
"entire class or view an individual learner’s results. They can see the "
msgstr ""
#. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para>
-#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:8414
+#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:8427
msgid ""
"Based on the success of this effort, Siyavula decided to substantially "
"increase the production of open educational resources so they could provide "
msgstr ""
#. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para><footnote><para>
-#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:8425
+#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:8438
msgid "<ulink url=\"http://www.siyavula.com/products-primary-school.html\"/>"
msgstr ""
#. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para>
-#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:8422
+#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:8435
msgid ""
"In partnership with, and sponsored by, the Sasol Inzalo Foundation, Siyavula "
"produced a series of natural sciences and technology workbooks for grades 4 "
msgstr ""
#. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para>
-#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:8429
+#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:8442
msgid ""
"Through this experience, Siyavula learned they could get sponsors to help "
"fund openly licensed textbooks. It helped that Siyavula had by this time "
msgstr ""
#. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para>
-#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:8439
+#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:8452
msgid ""
"The Siyavula books that are reviewed, approved, and branded by the "
"government are freely and openly available on Siyavula’s website under an "
msgstr ""
#. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para>
-#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:8447
+#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:8460
msgid ""
"Although the South African government paid to print and distribute hard "
"copies of the books to schoolkids, Siyavula itself received no funding from "
msgstr ""
#. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para>
-#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:8458
+#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:8471
msgid ""
"Using Siyavula books generated huge savings for the government. Providing "
"students with a traditionally published grade 12 science or math textbook "
msgstr ""
#. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para>
-#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:8468
+#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:8481
msgid ""
"Just as Siyavula was planning to scale up the production of open textbooks "
"even more, the South African government changed its textbook policy. To save "
msgstr ""
#. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para>
-#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:8476
+#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:8489
msgid ""
"Rather than producing more textbooks, Siyavula focused on improving its "
"Intelligent Practice technology for its existing books. Mark calls this "
msgstr ""
#. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para>
-#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:8487
+#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:8500
msgid ""
"Mark says sales are way up, and they are really nailing Intelligent "
"Practice. Schools continue to use their open textbooks. The "
msgstr ""
#. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para>
-#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:8494
+#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:8507
msgid ""
"Siyavula is exploring a range of enhancements to their business model. These "
"include charging a small amount for assessment services provided over the "
msgstr ""
#. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para>
-#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:8502
+#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:8515
msgid ""
"Siyavula is a for-profit business but one with a social mission. Their "
"shareholders’ agreement lists lots of requirements around openness for "
msgstr ""
#. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><title>
-#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:8518
+#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:8531
msgid "SparkFun"
msgstr ""
#. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><blockquote><para>
-#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:8521
+#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:8534
msgid ""
"SparkFun is an online electronics retailer specializing in open "
"hardware. Founded in 2003 in the U.S."
msgstr ""
#. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><blockquote><para>
-#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:8525
+#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:8538
msgid "<ulink url=\"http://www.sparkfun.com\"/>"
msgstr ""
#. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><blockquote><para>
-#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:8527
+#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:8540
msgid ""
"<emphasis role=\"strong\">Revenue model</emphasis>: charging for physical "
"copies (electronics sales)"
msgstr ""
#. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><blockquote><para>
-#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:8530
+#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:8543
msgid "<emphasis role=\"strong\">Interview date</emphasis>: February 29, 2016"
msgstr ""
#. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><blockquote><para>
-#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:8533
+#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:8546
msgid "<emphasis role=\"strong\">Interviewee</emphasis>: Nathan Seidle, founder"
msgstr ""
#. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para>
-#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:8541
+#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:8554
msgid ""
"SparkFun founder and former CEO Nathan Seidle has a picture of himself "
"holding up a clone of a SparkFun product in an electronics market in China, "
msgstr ""
#. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para>
-#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:8547
+#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:8560
msgid ""
"<quote>Being copied is the greatest earmark of flattery and success,</quote> "
"Nathan said. <quote>I thought it was so cool that they were selling to a "
msgstr ""
#. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para>
-#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:8553
+#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:8566
msgid ""
"This worldview runs through everything SparkFun does. SparkFun is an "
"electronics manufacturer. The company sells its products directly to the "
msgstr ""
#. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para>
-#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:8562
+#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:8575
msgid ""
"Nathan believes open licensing is good for the world. <quote>It touches on "
"our natural human instinct to share,</quote> he said. But he also strongly "
msgstr ""
#. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para>
-#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:8571
+#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:8584
msgid ""
"<quote>We compete on business principles,</quote> Nathan said. "
"<quote>Claiming your territory with intellectual property allows you to get "
msgstr ""
#. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para>
-#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:8577
+#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:8590
msgid ""
"The result is an intense company-wide focus on product development and "
"improvement. <quote>Our products are so much better than they were five "
msgstr ""
#. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para>
-#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:8587
+#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:8600
msgid ""
"SparkFun parts are available on eBay for lower prices. But people come "
"directly to SparkFun because SparkFun makes their lives easier. The example "
msgstr ""
#. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para>
-#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:8597
+#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:8610
msgid ""
"SparkFun’s company history began in Nathan’s college dorm room. He spent a "
"lot of time experimenting with and building electronics, and he realized "
msgstr ""
#. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para>
-#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:8609
+#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:8622
msgid ""
"Once he started designing his own products, he began putting the software "
"and schematics online to help with technical support. After doing some "
msgstr ""
#. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para>
-#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:8618
+#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:8631
msgid ""
"The company has grown from a solo project to a corporation with 140 "
"employees. In 2015, SparkFun earned $33 million in revenue. Selling "
msgstr ""
#. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para>
-#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:8627
+#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:8640
msgid ""
"SparkFun also has an educational department dedicated to creating a hands-on "
"curriculum to teach students about electronics using prototyping "
msgstr ""
#. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para>
-#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:8634
+#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:8647
msgid ""
"<quote>We have the burden and opportunity to educate the next generation of "
"technical citizens,</quote> Nathan said. <quote>Our goal is to affect the "
msgstr ""
#. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para>
-#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:8640
+#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:8653
msgid ""
"The Creative Commons license underlying all of SparkFun’s products is "
"central to this mission. The license not only signals a willingness to "
msgstr ""
#. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para>
-#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:8651
+#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:8664
msgid ""
"From the beginning, Nathan has tried to create a work environment at "
"SparkFun that he himself would want to work in. The result is what appears "
msgstr ""
#. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para>
-#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:8662
+#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:8675
msgid ""
"The public event, called the Autonomous Vehicle Competition, brings in a "
"thousand to two thousand customers and other technology enthusiasts from "
msgstr ""
#. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para>
-#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:8676
+#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:8689
msgid ""
"Nathan has worked hard to imbue a deeper meaning into the work SparkFun "
"does. The company is, of course, focused on being fiscally responsible, but "
msgstr ""
#. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para>
-#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:8686
+#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:8699
msgid ""
"The company is committed to transparency and shares all of its financials "
"with its employees. They also generally strive to avoid being another "
msgstr ""
#. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para>
-#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:8693
+#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:8706
msgid ""
"SparkFun’s customer base is largely made up of industrious electronics "
"enthusiasts. They have customers who are regularly involved in the company’s "
msgstr ""
#. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para>
-#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:8705
+#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:8718
msgid ""
"However, this sort of customer engagement does not always translate to "
"people actively contributing to SparkFun’s projects. The company has a "
msgstr ""
#. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para>
-#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:8716
+#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:8729
msgid ""
"Rather than focusing on cocreation with their customers, SparkFun instead "
"focuses on enabling people to copy, tinker, and improve products on their "
msgstr ""
#. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para>
-#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:8726
+#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:8739
msgid ""
"Obviously, opening up the design of their products is a necessary step if "
"their goal is to empower the public. Nathan also firmly believes it makes "
msgstr ""
#. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><title>
-#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:8740
+#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:8753
msgid "TeachAIDS"
msgstr ""
#. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><blockquote><para>
-#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:8743
+#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:8756
msgid ""
"TeachAIDS is a nonprofit that creates educational materials designed to "
"teach people around the world about HIV and AIDS. Founded in 2005 in the "
msgstr ""
#. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><blockquote><para>
-#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:8748
+#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:8761
msgid "<ulink url=\"http://teachaids.org\"/>"
msgstr ""
#. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><blockquote><para>
-#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:8750
+#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:8763
msgid "<emphasis role=\"strong\">Revenue model</emphasis>: sponsorships"
msgstr ""
#. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><blockquote><para>
-#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:8752
+#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:8765
msgid "<emphasis role=\"strong\">Interview date</emphasis>: March 24, 2016"
msgstr ""
#. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><blockquote><para>
-#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:8755
+#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:8768
msgid ""
"<emphasis role=\"strong\">Interviewees</emphasis>: Piya Sorcar, the CEO, and "
"Shuman Ghosemajumder, the chair"
msgstr ""
#. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para>
-#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:8763
+#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:8776
msgid ""
"TeachAIDS is an unconventional media company with a conventional revenue "
"model. Like most media companies, they are subsidized by "
msgstr ""
#. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para>
-#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:8769
+#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:8782
msgid ""
"But unlike most media companies, Teach-AIDS is a nonprofit organization with "
"a purely social mission. TeachAIDS is dedicated to educating the global "
msgstr ""
#. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para>
-#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:8782
+#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:8795
msgid ""
"TeachAIDS is a labor of love for founder and CEO Piya Sorcar, who earns a "
"salary of one dollar per year from the nonprofit. The project grew out of "
msgstr ""
#. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para>
-#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:8802
+#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:8815
msgid ""
"In late 2005, Piya and her team used research-based design to create new "
"educational materials and worked with local partners in India to help "
msgstr ""
#. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para>
-#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:8814
+#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:8827
msgid ""
"Very shortly after the initial release, Piya’s team decided to spin the "
"endeavor into an independent nonprofit out of Stanford University. They also "
msgstr ""
#. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para>
-#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:8820
+#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:8833
msgid ""
"Given their educational mission, TeachAIDS had an obvious interest in seeing "
"the materials as widely shared as possible. But they also needed to preserve "
msgstr ""
#. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para>
-#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:8836
+#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:8849
msgid ""
"Choosing a license that does not allow adaptation of the content was an "
"outgrowth of the careful precision with which TeachAIDS crafts their "
msgstr ""
#. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para>
-#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:8845
+#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:8858
msgid ""
"One important finding was that people accept the message best when it comes "
"from familiar voices they trust and admire. To achieve this, TeachAIDS "
msgstr ""
#. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para>
-#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:8854
+#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:8867
msgid ""
"Localization is probably the single-most important aspect of the way "
"TeachAIDS creates its content. While each regional version builds from the "
msgstr ""
#. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para>
-#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:8869
+#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:8882
msgid ""
"The localization process relies heavily on volunteers. Their volunteer base "
"is deeply committed to the cause, and the organization has had better luck "
msgstr ""
#. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para>
-#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:8885
+#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:8898
msgid ""
"TeachAIDS employs full-time employees, contractors, and volunteers, all in "
"different capacities and organizational configurations. They are careful to "
msgstr ""
#. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para>
-#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:8905
+#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:8918
msgid ""
"Piya’s team was able to produce all of these versions over several years "
"with a head count that never exceeded eight full-time employees. The "
msgstr ""
#. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para>
-#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:8918
+#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:8931
msgid ""
"Like many content creators offering their work for free, they settled on "
"advertising as a funding model. But they were extremely careful not to let "
msgstr ""
#. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para>
-#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:8929
+#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:8942
msgid ""
"TeachAIDS is careful not to seek funding to cover the costs of a specific "
"project. Instead, sponsorships are structured as unrestricted donations to "
msgstr ""
#. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para>
-#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:8939
+#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:8952
msgid ""
"As of 2016, TeachAIDS has dozens of sponsors. <quote>When we go into a new "
"country, various companies hear about us and reach out to us,</quote> Piya "
msgstr ""
#. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para>
-#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:8953
+#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:8966
msgid ""
"Importantly, the value to corporate sponsors goes beyond commercial "
"considerations. As a nonprofit with a clearly articulated social mission, "
msgstr ""
#. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para>
-#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:8962
+#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:8975
msgid ""
"The core mission of TeachAIDS—ensuring global access to life-saving "
"education—is at the root of everything the organization does. It underpins "
msgstr ""
#. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><title>
-#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:8972
+#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:8985
msgid "Tribe of Noise"
msgstr ""
#. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><blockquote><para>
-#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:8975
+#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:8988
msgid ""
"Tribe of Noise is a for-profit online music platform serving the film, TV, "
"video, gaming, and in-store-media industries. Founded in 2008 in the "
msgstr ""
#. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><blockquote><para>
-#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:8980
+#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:8993
msgid "<ulink url=\"http://www.tribeofnoise.com\"/>"
msgstr ""
#. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><blockquote><para>
-#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:8985
+#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:8998
msgid "<emphasis role=\"strong\">Interview date</emphasis>: January 26, 2016"
msgstr ""
#. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><blockquote><para>
-#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:8988
+#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:9001
msgid ""
"<emphasis role=\"strong\">Interviewee</emphasis>: Hessel van Oorschot, "
"cofounder"
msgstr ""
#. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para>
-#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:8996
+#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:9009
msgid ""
"In the early 2000s, Hessel van Oorschot was an entrepreneur running a "
"business where he coached other midsize entrepreneurs how to create an "
msgstr ""
#. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para>
-#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:9005
+#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:9018
msgid ""
"In 2005, Hessel and Sandra Brandenburg launched a niche video-production "
"initiative. Almost immediately, they ran into issues around finding and "
msgstr ""
#. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para>
-#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:9015
+#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:9028
msgid ""
"They hired two lawyers to investigate further, and while they uncovered five "
"or six examples, Hessel found the business models lacking. The lawyers "
msgstr ""
#. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para>
-#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:9025
+#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:9038
msgid ""
"Building a platform posed a real chicken-and-egg problem. The platform had "
"to build an online community of music-rights holders and, at the same time, "
msgstr ""
#. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para>
-#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:9032
+#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:9045
msgid ""
"In July 2008, Tribe of Noise opened its virtual doors with a couple hundred "
"musicians willing to use the CC BY-SA license (Attribution-ShareAlike) for a "
msgstr ""
#. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para><footnote><para>
-#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:9047
+#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:9060
msgid "<ulink url=\"http://www.instoremusicservice.com\"/>"
msgstr ""
#. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para>
-#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:9040
+#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:9053
msgid ""
"As they were growing the community, Hessel got a phone call from a company "
"that made in-store music playlists asking if they had enough music licensed "
msgstr ""
#. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para>
-#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:9050
+#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:9063
msgid ""
"In most countries, artists, authors, and musicians join a collecting society "
"that manages the licensing and helps collect the royalties. Copyright "
msgstr ""
#. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para>
-#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:9071
+#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:9084
msgid ""
"Instead of building a large sales force, Tribe of Noise partnered with big "
"organizations who have lots of clients and can act as a kind of Tribe of "
msgstr ""
#. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para>
-#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:9085
+#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:9098
msgid ""
"Tribe of Noise doesn’t pay the musicians up front; they get paid when their "
"music ends up in Tribe of Noise’s in-store music channels. The musicians’ "
msgstr ""
#. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para><footnote><para>
-#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:9101
+#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:9114
msgid "<ulink url=\"http://www.tribeofnoise.com/info_instoremusic.php\"/>"
msgstr ""
#. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para>
-#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:9093
+#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:9106
msgid ""
"A few of your songs [licensed with CC BY-SA], for example five in total, are "
"selected for a bespoke in-store music channel broadcasting at a large "
msgstr ""
#. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para>
-#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:9104
+#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:9117
msgid ""
"Tribe of Noise has another model that does not involve Creative Commons. In "
"a survey with members, most said they liked the exposure using Creative "
msgstr ""
#. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para>
-#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:9115
+#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:9128
msgid ""
"Hessel’s legal team took this feedback and created a second model and "
"separate area of the platform called Tribe of Noise Pro. Songs uploaded to "
msgstr ""
#. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para>
-#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:9126
+#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:9139
msgid ""
"Tribe of Noise Pro is primarily geared toward media makers who are looking "
"for music. If they buy a license from this catalog, they don’t have to state "
msgstr ""
#. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para>
-#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:9134
+#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:9147
msgid ""
"Lots of Tribe of Noise musicians upload songs to both Tribe of Noise Pro and "
"the community area of Tribe of Noises. There aren’t that many artists who "
msgstr ""
#. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para>
-#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:9140
+#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:9153
msgid ""
"Hessel sees the two as complementary. Both are needed for the model to "
"work. With a whole generation of musicians interested in the sharing "
msgstr ""
#. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para>
-#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:9148
+#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:9161
msgid ""
"Every musician who joins Tribe of Noise gets their own home page and free "
"unlimited Web space to upload as much of their own music as they like. Tribe "
msgstr ""
#. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para>
-#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:9159
+#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:9172
msgid ""
"Another way Tribe of Noise creates community and interest is with contests, "
"which are organized in partnership with Tribe of Noise clients. The client "
msgstr ""
#. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para>
-#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:9169
+#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:9182
msgid ""
"Tribe of Noise now has twenty-seven thousand members from 192 countries, and "
"many are exploring do-it-yourself models for generating revenue. Some came "
msgstr ""
#. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para>
-#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:9181
+#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:9194
msgid ""
"It’s not uncommon for performance-rights organizations, record labels, or "
"music publishers to sign contracts with musicians based on exclusivity. Such "
msgstr ""
#. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para>
-#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:9198
+#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:9211
msgid ""
"For Hessel the key to Tribe of Noise’s success is trust. The fact that "
"Creative Commons licenses work the same way all over the world and have been "
msgstr ""
#. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><title>
-#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:9210
+#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:9223
msgid "Wikimedia Foundation"
msgstr ""
#. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><blockquote><para>
-#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:9213
+#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:9226
msgid ""
"The Wikimedia Foundation is the nonprofit organization that hosts Wikipedia "
"and its sister projects. Founded in 2003 in the U.S."
msgstr ""
#. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><blockquote><para>
-#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:9218
+#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:9231
msgid "<ulink url=\"http://wikimediafoundation.org\"/>"
msgstr ""
#. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><blockquote><para>
-#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:9220
+#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:9233
msgid "<emphasis role=\"strong\">Revenue model</emphasis>: donations"
msgstr ""
#. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><blockquote><para>
-#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:9222
+#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:9235
msgid "<emphasis role=\"strong\">Interview date</emphasis>: December 18, 2015"
msgstr ""
#. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><blockquote><para>
-#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:9225
+#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:9238
msgid ""
"<emphasis role=\"strong\">Interviewees</emphasis>: Luis Villa, former Chief "
"Officer of Community Engagement, and Stephen LaPorte, legal counsel"
msgstr ""
#. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para>
-#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:9234
+#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:9247
msgid "Nearly every person with an online presence knows Wikipedia."
msgstr ""
#. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para>
-#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:9237
+#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:9250
msgid ""
"In many ways, it is the preeminent open project: The online encyclopedia is "
"created entirely by volunteers. Anyone in the world can edit the "
msgstr ""
#. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para>
-#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:9245
+#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:9258
msgid ""
"As of December 2016, there were more than forty-two million articles in the "
"295 language editions of the online encyclopedia, according to—what "
msgstr ""
#. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para>
-#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:9250
+#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:9263
msgid ""
"The Wikimedia Foundation is a U.S.-based nonprofit organization that owns "
"the Wikipedia domain name and hosts the site, along with many other related "
msgstr ""
#. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para>
-#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:9264
+#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:9277
msgid ""
"As Wikimedia legal counsel Stephen LaPorte told us, <quote>There is a common "
"saying that Wikipedia works in practice but not in theory.</quote> While it "
msgstr ""
#. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para>
-#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:9271
+#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:9284
msgid ""
"Because of its extraordinary breadth and scope, it does feel a bit like a "
"unicorn. Indeed, there is nothing else like Wikipedia. Still, much of what "
msgstr ""
#. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para>
-#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:9280
+#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:9293
msgid ""
"The story of Wikipedia has been told many times. For our purposes, it is "
"enough to know the experiment started in 2001 at a small scale, inspired by "
msgstr ""
#. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para>
-#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:9292
+#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:9305
msgid ""
"The nature of the content the community creates is ideal for asynchronous "
"cocreation. <quote>An encyclopedia is something where incremental community "
msgstr ""
#. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para>
-#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:9316
+#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:9329
msgid ""
"Some of that is directed at servers and general IT support, but the "
"foundation also invests a significant amount on architecture designed to "
msgstr ""
#. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para>
-#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:9332
+#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:9345
msgid ""
"Wikipedia not only relies on good behavior within its community and on its "
"sites, but also by everyone else once the content leaves Wikipedia. All of "
msgstr ""
#. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para><footnote><para>
-#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:9356
+#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:9369
msgid ""
"<ulink "
"url=\"http://gimletmedia.com/episode/14-the-art-of-making-and-fixing-mistakes/\"/>"
msgstr ""
#. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para>
-#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:9344
+#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:9357
msgid ""
"Of course, the primary reason no one has successfully co-opted Wikipedia is "
"that copycat efforts do not have the Wikipedia community to sustain what "
msgstr ""
#. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para>
-#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:9363
+#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:9376
msgid ""
"But the vast majority of us who use Wikipedia are not contributors; we are "
"passive readers. The Wikimedia Foundation survives primarily on individual "
msgstr ""
#. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para>
-#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:9373
+#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:9386
msgid ""
"The foundation has a fund-raising team that works year-round to raise money, "
"but the bulk of their revenue comes in during the December campaign in "
msgstr ""
#. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para>
-#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:9384
+#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:9397
msgid ""
"The vision of the Wikimedia Foundation is a world in which every single "
"human being can freely share in the sum of all knowledge. They work to "
msgstr ""
#. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para>
-#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:9393
+#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:9406
msgid ""
"The philosophy behind the endeavor also enables the foundation to be "
"financially sustainable. It instills trust in their readership, which is "
msgstr ""
#. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para>
-#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:9399
+#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:9412
msgid ""
"Any given edit on Wikipedia could be motivated by nearly an infinite number "
"of reasons. But the social mission of the project is what binds the global "
msgstr ""
#. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para>
-#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:9406
+#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:9419
msgid ""
"Of course, what results from that movement is one of the Internet’s great "
"public resources. <quote>The Internet has a lot of businesses and stores, "
msgstr ""
#. type: Content of: <book><chapter><title>
-#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:9416
+#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:9429
msgid "Bibliography"
msgstr ""
#. type: Content of: <book><chapter><para>
-#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:9418
+#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:9431
msgid ""
"Alperovitz, Gar. What Then Must We Do? Straight Talk about the Next American "
"Revolution; Democratizing Wealth and Building a Community-Sustaining Economy "
msgstr ""
#. type: Content of: <book><chapter><para>
-#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:9424
+#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:9437
msgid ""
"Anderson, Chris. Free: How Today’s Smartest Businesses Profit by Giving "
"Something for Nothing, reprint with new preface. New York: Hyperion, 2010."
msgstr ""
#. type: Content of: <book><chapter><para>
-#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:9429
+#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:9442
msgid "———. Makers: The New Industrial Revolution. New York: Signal, 2012."
msgstr ""
#. type: Content of: <book><chapter><para>
-#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:9432
+#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:9445
msgid ""
"Ariely, Dan. Predictably Irrational: The Hidden Forces That Shape Our "
"Decisions. Rev. ed. New York: Harper Perennial, 2010."
msgstr ""
#. type: Content of: <book><chapter><para>
-#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:9436
+#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:9449
msgid ""
"Bacon, Jono. The Art of Community. 2nd ed. Sebastopol, CA: O’Reilly Media, "
"2012."
msgstr ""
#. type: Content of: <book><chapter><para>
-#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:9440
+#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:9453
msgid ""
"Benkler, Yochai. The Wealth of Networks: How Social Production Transforms "
"Markets and Freedom. New Haven: Yale University Press, 2006. <ulink "
msgstr ""
#. type: Content of: <book><chapter><para>
-#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:9447
+#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:9460
msgid ""
"Benyayer, Louis-David, ed. Open Models: Business Models of the Open "
"Economy. Cachan, France: Without Model, 2016. <ulink "
msgstr ""
#. type: Content of: <book><chapter><para>
-#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:9453
+#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:9466
msgid ""
"Bollier, David. Commoning as a Transformative Social Paradigm. Paper "
"commissioned by the Next Systems Project. Washington, DC: Democracy "
msgstr ""
#. type: Content of: <book><chapter><para>
-#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:9459
+#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:9472
msgid ""
"———. Think Like a Commoner: A Short Introduction to the Life of the "
"Commons. Gabriola Island, BC: New Society, 2014."
msgstr ""
#. type: Content of: <book><chapter><para>
-#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:9463
+#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:9476
msgid ""
"Bollier, David, and Pat Conaty. Democratic Money and Capital for the "
"Commons: Strategies for Transforming Neoliberal Finance through "
msgstr ""
#. type: Content of: <book><chapter><para>
-#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:9473
+#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:9486
msgid ""
"Bollier, David, and Silke Helfrich, eds. The Wealth of the Commons: A World "
"Beyond Market and State. Amherst, MA: Levellers Press, 2012."
msgstr ""
#. type: Content of: <book><chapter><para>
-#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:9477
+#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:9490
msgid ""
"Botsman, Rachel, and Roo Rogers. What’s Mine Is Yours: The Rise of "
"Collaborative Consumption. New York: Harper Business, 2010."
msgstr ""
#. type: Content of: <book><chapter><para>
-#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:9481
+#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:9494
msgid ""
"Boyle, James. The Public Domain: Enclosing the Commons of the Mind. New "
"Haven: Yale University Press, 2008."
msgstr ""
#. type: Content of: <book><chapter><para>
-#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:9484
+#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:9497
msgid ""
"<ulink url=\"http://www.thepublicdomain.org/download/\"/> (licensed under CC "
"BY-NC-SA)."
msgstr ""
#. type: Content of: <book><chapter><para>
-#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:9488
+#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:9501
msgid ""
"Capra, Fritjof, and Ugo Mattei. The Ecology of Law: Toward a Legal System in "
"Tune with Nature and Community. Oakland, CA: Berrett-Koehler, 2015."
msgstr ""
#. type: Content of: <book><chapter><para>
-#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:9493
+#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:9506
msgid ""
"Chesbrough, Henry. Open Business Models: How to Thrive in the New Innovation "
"Landscape. Boston: Harvard Business School Press, 2006."
msgstr ""
#. type: Content of: <book><chapter><para>
-#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:9497
+#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:9510
msgid ""
"———. Open Innovation: The New Imperative for Creating and Profiting from "
"Technology. Boston: Harvard Business Review Press, 2006."
msgstr ""
#. type: Content of: <book><chapter><para>
-#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:9501
+#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:9514
msgid ""
"City of Bologna. Regulation on Collaboration between Citizens and the City "
"for the Care and Regeneration of Urban Commons. Translated by LabGov "
msgstr ""
#. type: Content of: <book><chapter><para>
-#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:9508
+#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:9521
msgid ""
"Cole, Daniel H. <quote>Learning from Lin: Lessons and Cautions from the "
"Natural Commons for the Knowledge Commons.</quote> Chap. 2 in Frischmann, "
msgstr ""
#. type: Content of: <book><chapter><para>
-#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:9513
+#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:9526
msgid ""
"Creative Commons. 2015 State of the Commons. Mountain View, CA: Creative "
"Commons, 2015. <ulink url=\"http://stateof.creativecommons.org/2015/\"/>."
msgstr ""
#. type: Content of: <book><chapter><para>
-#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:9518
+#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:9531
msgid ""
"Doctorow, Cory. Information Doesn’t Want to Be Free: Laws for the Internet "
"Age. San Francisco: McSweeney’s, 2014."
msgstr ""
#. type: Content of: <book><chapter><para>
-#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:9522
+#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:9535
msgid ""
"Eckhardt, Giana, and Fleura Bardhi. <quote>The Sharing Economy Isn’t about "
"Sharing at All.</quote> Harvard Business Review, January 28, 2015. <ulink "
msgstr ""
#. type: Content of: <book><chapter><para>
-#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:9528
+#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:9541
msgid ""
"Elliott, Patricia W., and Daryl H. Hepting, eds. (2015). Free Knowledge: "
"Confronting the Commodification of Human Discovery. Regina, SK: University "
msgstr ""
#. type: Content of: <book><chapter><para>
-#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:9535
+#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:9548
msgid ""
"Eyal, Nir. Hooked: How to Build Habit-Forming Products. With Ryan "
"Hoover. New York: Portfolio, 2014."
msgstr ""
#. type: Content of: <book><chapter><para>
-#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:9539
+#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:9552
msgid ""
"Farley, Joshua, and Ida Kubiszewski. <quote>The Economics of Information in "
"a Post-Carbon Economy.</quote> Chap. 11 in Elliott and Hepting, Free "
msgstr ""
#. type: Content of: <book><chapter><para>
-#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:9544
+#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:9557
msgid ""
"Foster, William Landes, Peter Kim, and Barbara Christiansen. <quote>Ten "
"Nonprofit Funding Models.</quote> Stanford Social Innovation Review, Spring "
msgstr ""
#. type: Content of: <book><chapter><para>
-#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:9550
+#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:9563
msgid ""
"Frischmann, Brett M. Infrastructure: The Social Value of Shared "
"Resources. New York: Oxford University Press, 2012."
msgstr ""
#. type: Content of: <book><chapter><para>
-#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:9554
+#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:9567
msgid ""
"Frischmann, Brett M., Michael J. Madison, and Katherine J. Strandburg, "
"eds. Governing Knowledge Commons. New York: Oxford University Press, 2014."
msgstr ""
#. type: Content of: <book><chapter><para>
-#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:9559
+#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:9572
msgid ""
"Frischmann, Brett M., Michael J. Madison, and Katherine J. "
"Strandburg. <quote>Governing Knowledge Commons.</quote> Chap. 1 in "
msgstr ""
#. type: Content of: <book><chapter><para>
-#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:9564
+#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:9577
msgid ""
"Gansky, Lisa. The Mesh: Why the Future of Business Is Sharing. Reprint with "
"new epilogue. New York: Portfolio, 2012."
msgstr ""
#. type: Content of: <book><chapter><para>
-#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:9568
+#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:9581
msgid ""
"Grant, Adam. Give and Take: Why Helping Others Drives Our Success. New "
"York: Viking, 2013."
msgstr ""
#. type: Content of: <book><chapter><para>
-#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:9572
+#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:9585
msgid ""
"Haiven, Max. Crises of Imagination, Crises of Power: Capitalism, Creativity "
"and the Commons. New York: Zed Books, 2014."
msgstr ""
#. type: Content of: <book><chapter><para>
-#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:9576
+#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:9589
msgid ""
"Harris, Malcom, ed. Share or Die: Voices of the Get Lost Generation in the "
"Age of Crisis. With Neal Gorenflo. Gabriola Island, BC: New Society, 2012."
msgstr ""
#. type: Content of: <book><chapter><para>
-#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:9581
+#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:9594
msgid ""
"Hermida, Alfred. Tell Everyone: Why We Share and Why It Matters. Toronto: "
"Doubleday Canada, 2014."
msgstr ""
#. type: Content of: <book><chapter><para>
-#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:9585
+#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:9598
msgid ""
"Hyde, Lewis. Common as Air: Revolution, Art, and Ownership. New York: "
"Farrar, Straus and Giroux, 2010."
msgstr ""
#. type: Content of: <book><chapter><para>
-#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:9589
+#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:9602
msgid ""
"———. The Gift: Creativity and the Artist in the Modern World. 2nd Vintage "
"Books edition. New York: Vintage Books, 2007."
msgstr ""
#. type: Content of: <book><chapter><para>
-#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:9593
+#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:9606
msgid ""
"Kelley, Tom, and David Kelley. Creative Confidence: Unleashing the Potential "
"within Us All. New York: Crown, 2013."
msgstr ""
#. type: Content of: <book><chapter><para>
-#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:9597
+#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:9610
msgid ""
"Kelly, Marjorie. Owning Our Future: The Emerging Ownership Revolution; "
"Journeys to a Generative Economy. San Francisco: Berrett-Koehler, 2012."
msgstr ""
#. type: Content of: <book><chapter><para>
-#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:9602
+#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:9615
msgid ""
"Kleon, Austin. Show Your Work: 10 Ways to Share Your Creativity and Get "
"Discovered. New York: Workman, 2014."
msgstr ""
#. type: Content of: <book><chapter><para>
-#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:9606
+#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:9619
msgid ""
"———. Steal Like an Artist: 10 Things Nobody Told You about Being "
"Creative. New York: Workman, 2012."
msgstr ""
#. type: Content of: <book><chapter><para>
-#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:9610
+#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:9623
msgid ""
"Kramer, Bryan. Shareology: How Sharing Is Powering the Human Economy. New "
"York: Morgan James, 2016."
msgstr ""
#. type: Content of: <book><chapter><para>
-#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:9614
+#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:9627
msgid ""
"Lee, David. <quote>Inside Medium: An Attempt to Bring Civility to the "
"Internet.</quote> BBC News, March 3, 2016. <ulink "
msgstr ""
#. type: Content of: <book><chapter><para>
-#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:9619
+#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:9632
msgid ""
"Lessig, Lawrence. Remix: Making Art and Commerce Thrive in the Hybrid "
"Economy. New York: Penguin Press, 2008."
msgstr ""
#. type: Content of: <book><chapter><para>
-#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:9623
+#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:9636
msgid ""
"Menzies, Heather. Reclaiming the Commons for the Common Good: A Memoir and "
"Manifesto. Gabriola Island, BC: New Society, 2014."
msgstr ""
#. type: Content of: <book><chapter><para>
-#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:9627
+#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:9640
msgid ""
"Mason, Paul. Postcapitalism: A Guide to Our Future. New York: Farrar, Straus "
"and Giroux, 2015."
msgstr ""
#. type: Content of: <book><chapter><para>
-#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:9631
+#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:9644
msgid ""
"New York Times Customer Insight Group. The Psychology of Sharing: Why Do "
"People Share Online? New York: New York Times Customer Insight Group, 2011. "
msgstr ""
#. type: Content of: <book><chapter><para>
-#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:9637
+#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:9650
msgid ""
"Osterwalder, Alex, and Yves Pigneur. Business Model Generation. Hoboken, "
"NJ: John Wiley and Sons, 2010. A preview of the book is available at <ulink "
msgstr ""
#. type: Content of: <book><chapter><para>
-#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:9643
+#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:9656
msgid ""
"Osterwalder, Alex, Yves Pigneur, Greg Bernarda, and Adam Smith. Value "
"Proposition Design. Hoboken, NJ: John Wiley and Sons, 2014. A preview of the "
msgstr ""
#. type: Content of: <book><chapter><para>
-#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:9649
+#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:9662
msgid ""
"Palmer, Amanda. The Art of Asking: Or How I Learned to Stop Worrying and Let "
"People Help. New York: Grand Central, 2014."
msgstr ""
#. type: Content of: <book><chapter><para>
-#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:9653
+#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:9666
msgid ""
"Pekel, Joris. Democratising the Rijksmuseum: Why Did the Rijksmuseum Make "
"Available Their Highest Quality Material without Restrictions, and What Are "
msgstr ""
#. type: Content of: <book><chapter><para>
-#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:9661
+#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:9674
msgid ""
"Ramos, José Maria, ed. The City as Commons: A Policy Reader. Melbourne, "
"Australia: Commons Transition Coalition, 2016. <ulink "
msgstr ""
#. type: Content of: <book><chapter><para>
-#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:9667
+#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:9680
msgid ""
"Raymond, Eric S. The Cathedral and the Bazaar: Musings on Linux and Open "
"Source by an Accidental Revolutionary. Rev. ed. Sebastopol, CA: O’Reilly "
msgstr ""
#. type: Content of: <book><chapter><para>
-#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:9673
+#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:9686
msgid ""
"Ries, Eric. The Lean Startup: How Today’s Entrepreneurs Use Continuous "
"Innovation to Create Radically Successful Businesses. New York: Crown "
msgstr ""
#. type: Content of: <book><chapter><para>
-#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:9678
+#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:9691
msgid ""
"Rifkin, Jeremy. The Zero Marginal Cost Society: The Internet of Things, the "
"Collaborative Commons, and the Eclipse of Capitalism. New York: Palgrave "
msgstr ""
#. type: Content of: <book><chapter><para>
-#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:9683
+#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:9696
msgid "Rowe, Jonathan. Our Common Wealth. San Francisco: Berrett-Koehler, 2013."
msgstr ""
#. type: Content of: <book><chapter><para>
-#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:9687
+#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:9700
msgid ""
"Rushkoff, Douglas. Throwing Rocks at the Google Bus: How Growth Became the "
"Enemy of Prosperity. New York: Portfolio, 2016."
msgstr ""
#. type: Content of: <book><chapter><para>
-#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:9691
+#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:9704
msgid ""
"Sandel, Michael J. What Money Can’t Buy: The Moral Limits of Markets. New "
"York: Farrar, Straus and Giroux, 2012."
msgstr ""
#. type: Content of: <book><chapter><para>
-#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:9695
+#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:9708
msgid ""
"Shirky, Clay. Cognitive Surplus: How Technology Makes Consumers into "
"Collaborators. London, England: Penguin Books, 2010."
msgstr ""
#. type: Content of: <book><chapter><para>
-#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:9699
+#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:9712
msgid ""
"Slee, Tom. What’s Yours Is Mine: Against the Sharing Economy. New York: OR "
"Books, 2015."
msgstr ""
#. type: Content of: <book><chapter><para>
-#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:9703
+#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:9716
msgid ""
"Stephany, Alex. The Business of Sharing: Making in the New Sharing "
"Economy. New York: Palgrave Macmillan, 2015."
msgstr ""
#. type: Content of: <book><chapter><para>
-#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:9707
+#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:9720
msgid ""
"Stepper, John. Working Out Loud: For a Better Career and Life. New York: "
"Ikigai Press, 2015."
msgstr ""
#. type: Content of: <book><chapter><para>
-#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:9711
+#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:9724
msgid ""
"Sull, Donald, and Kathleen M. Eisenhardt. Simple Rules: How to Thrive in a "
"Complex World. Boston: Houghton Mifflin Harcourt, 2015."
msgstr ""
#. type: Content of: <book><chapter><para>
-#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:9715
+#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:9728
msgid ""
"Sundararajan, Arun. The Sharing Economy: The End of Employment and the Rise "
"of Crowd-Based Capitalism. Cambridge, MA: MIT Press, 2016."
msgstr ""
#. type: Content of: <book><chapter><para>
-#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:9719
+#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:9732
msgid "Surowiecki, James. The Wisdom of Crowds. New York: Anchor Books, 2005."
msgstr ""
#. type: Content of: <book><chapter><para>
-#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:9723
+#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:9736
msgid ""
"Tapscott, Don, and Alex Tapscott. Blockchain Revolution: How the Technology "
"Behind Bitcoin Is Changing Money, Business, and the World. Toronto: "
msgstr ""
#. type: Content of: <book><chapter><para>
-#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:9728
+#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:9741
msgid ""
"Tharp, Twyla. The Creative Habit: Learn It and Use It for Life. With Mark "
"Reiter. New York: Simon and Schuster, 2006."
msgstr ""
#. type: Content of: <book><chapter><para>
-#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:9732
+#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:9745
msgid ""
"Tkacz, Nathaniel. Wikipedia and the Politics of Openness. Chicago: "
"University of Chicago Press, 2015."
msgstr ""
#. type: Content of: <book><chapter><para>
-#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:9736
+#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:9749
msgid ""
"Van Abel, Bass, Lucas Evers, Roel Klaassen, and Peter Troxler, eds. Open "
"Design Now: Why Design Cannot Remain Exclusive. Amsterdam: BIS Publishers, "
msgstr ""
#. type: Content of: <book><chapter><para>
-#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:9744
+#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:9757
msgid ""
"Van den Hoff, Ronald. Mastering the Global Transition on Our Way to Society "
"3.0. Utrecht, the Netherlands: Society 3.0 Foundation, 2014. <ulink "
msgstr ""
#. type: Content of: <book><chapter><para>
-#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:9750
+#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:9763
msgid ""
"Von Hippel, Eric. Democratizing Innovation. London: MIT Press, 2005. <ulink "
"url=\"http://web.mit.edu/evhippel/www/democ1.htm\"/> (licensed under CC "
msgstr ""
#. type: Content of: <book><chapter><para>
-#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:9755
+#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:9768
msgid ""
"Whitehurst, Jim. The Open Organization: Igniting Passion and "
"Performance. Boston: Harvard Business Review Press, 2015."
msgstr ""
#. type: Content of: <book><chapter><title>
-#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:9760
+#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:9773
msgid "Acknowledgments"
msgstr ""
#. type: Content of: <book><chapter><para>
-#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:9762
+#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:9775
msgid ""
"We extend special thanks to Creative Commons CEO Ryan Merkley, the Creative "
"Commons Board, and all of our Creative Commons colleagues for "
msgstr ""
#. type: Content of: <book><chapter><para>
-#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:9769
+#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:9782
msgid ""
"Huge appreciation to all the Made with Creative Commons interviewees for "
"sharing their stories with us. You make the commons come alive. Thanks for "
msgstr ""
#. type: Content of: <book><chapter><para>
-#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:9774
+#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:9787
msgid ""
"We interviewed more than the twenty-four organizations profiled in this "
"book. We extend special thanks to Gooru, OERu, Sage Bionetworks, and Medium "
msgstr ""
#. type: Content of: <book><chapter><para>
-#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:9782
+#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:9795
msgid ""
"This book was made possible by the generous support of 1,687 Kickstarter "
"backers listed below. We especially acknowledge our many Kickstarter "
msgstr ""
#. type: Content of: <book><chapter><para>
-#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:9788
+#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:9801
msgid ""
"Co-editor Kickstarter backers (alphabetically by first name): Abraham "
"Taherivand, Alan Graham, Alfredo Louro, Anatoly Volynets, Aurora Thornton, "
msgstr ""
#. type: Content of: <book><chapter><para>
-#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:9839
+#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:9852
msgid ""
"All other Kickstarter backers (alphabetically by first name): A. Lee, Aaron "
"C. Rathbun, Aaron Stubbs, Aaron Suggs, Abdul Razak Manaf, Abraham "
msgid ""
msgstr ""
"Project-Id-Version: Made with Creative Commons\n"
-"POT-Creation-Date: 2018-09-18 06:11+0000\n"
+"POT-Creation-Date: 2018-12-10 23:30+0000\n"
"PO-Revision-Date: 2018-12-07 07:08+0000\n"
"Last-Translator: Allan Nordhøy <epost@anotheragency.no>\n"
"Language-Team: Norwegian Bokmål <https://hosted.weblate.org/projects/"
#. type: Content of: <book><colophon><para>
#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:5
-#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:41
+#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:35
#, fuzzy
msgid "Made with Creative Commons"
msgstr "Som bruker Creative Commons"
msgstr "Pearson"
#. type: Content of: <book><bookinfo><copyright>
-#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:17
+#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:16
#, fuzzy
msgid "<year>2017</year> <holder>Creative Commons</holder>"
msgstr "<year>2017</year> <holder>Creative Commons</holder>"
#. type: Content of: <book><bookinfo><publisher>
-#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:21
+#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:19
msgid "<publishername>Gunnar Wolf</publishername>"
msgstr "<publishername>Petter Reinholdtsen</publishername>"
#. type: Content of: <book><bookinfo><publisher><address><city>
-#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:23
+#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:20
msgid "Mexico City"
msgstr "Oslo"
#. type: Content of: <book><colophon><para>
-#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:28
-#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:56
+#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:22
+#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:60
msgid ""
"This book is published under a CC BY-SA license, which means that you can "
"copy, redistribute, remix, transform, and build upon the content for any "
"\"https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-sa/4.0/\"/>"
#. type: Content of: <book><colophon><para>
-#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:42
+#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:37
msgid "by Paul Stacey & Sarah Hinchliff Pearson"
msgstr "av Paul Stacey og Sarah Hinchliff Pearson"
#. type: Content of: <book><colophon><para>
-#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:43
+#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:39
msgid "© 2017 by the Creative Commons Foundation."
msgstr "© 2017, Creative Commons-stiftelsen."
#. type: Content of: <book><colophon><para>
-#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:44
+#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:41
msgid ""
"Published under a Creative Commons Attribution-ShareAlike license (CC BY-"
"SA), version 4.0."
"versjon 4.0."
#. type: Content of: <book><colophon><para>
-#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:46
+#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:44
#, fuzzy
msgid ""
"ISBN: YET-TO-BE-DECIDED (PDF), YET-TO-BE-DECIDED (ePub), YET-TO-BE-DECIDED "
"DECIDED (myk perm)"
#. type: Content of: <book><colophon><para>
-#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:48
+#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:47
msgid ""
"Illustrations by Bryan Mathers, <ulink url=\"https://bryanmmathers.com/\"/>."
msgstr ""
#. space for information about translators
#. type: Content of: <book><colophon><para>
-#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:52
+#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:54
msgid " "
msgstr ""
" Oversatt til bokmål av Ole-Erik Yrvin, Ingrid Yrvin, Allan Nordhøy, Thomas "
"Gramstad og Petter Reinholdtsen. "
#. type: Content of: <book><colophon><para>
-#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:54
+#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:57
msgid "Downloadable e-book available at <ulink url=\"https://madewith.cc/\"/>."
msgstr ""
"Nedlastbar e-bok tilgjengelig fra <ulink url=\"https://madewith.cc/\"/>."
#. type: Content of: <book><colophon><para>
-#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:63
+#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:68
msgid ""
"Made With Creative Commons is published with the kind support of Creative "
"Commons and backers of our crowdfunding-campaign on the Kickstarter.com "
"plattformen."
#. type: Content of: <book><colophon><para>
-#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:66
+#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:72
msgid ""
"This edition of the book is maintained on <ulink url=\"https://gitlab.com/"
"gunnarwolf/madewithcc-es/\"/>, and the translations are maintained on <ulink "
"feil i boken, setter vi stor pris på innrapportering via GitLa eller Weblate."
#. type: Content of: <book><colophon><para>
-#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:72
+#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:79
msgid "Classifications:"
msgstr "Klassifiseringer:"
#. type: Content of: <book><colophon><para>
-#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:75
+#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:83
msgid "(Dewey) 346.048, 347.78"
msgstr "(Dewey) 346.048, 347.78"
#. type: Content of: <book><colophon><para>
-#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:78
+#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:87
#, fuzzy
msgid "(UDK) ?"
msgstr "(UDK) ?"
#. type: Content of: <book><colophon><para>
-#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:81
+#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:91
msgid "(US Library of Congress) Z286 O63 S73 2017"
msgstr "(Nasjonalbiblioteket i USA, Library of Congress) Z286 O63 S73 2017"
#. type: Content of: <book><colophon><para>
-#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:84
+#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:95
msgid "(Melvil) 025.523"
msgstr "(Melvil) 025.523"
#. type: Content of: <book><colophon><para>
-#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:87
+#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:99
#, fuzzy
msgid "(ACM CRCS) ?"
msgstr "(ACM CRCS) ?"
-#. type: Content of: <book><dedication><blockquote><para>
-#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:94
-msgid ""
-"<quote>I don’t know a whole lot about nonfiction journalism. . . The way "
-"that I think about these things, and in terms of what I can do is. . . "
-"essays like this are occasions to watch somebody reasonably bright but also "
-"reasonably average pay far closer attention and think at far more length "
-"about all sorts of different stuff than most of us have a chance to in our "
-"daily lives.</quote>"
-msgstr ""
-"<quote>Jeg vet ikke mye om hvordan skrive faglitteratur. Slik jeg forholder "
-"meg til ting jeg vil gjøre noe med fører til essayer som dette, et innspill "
-"der rimelig smarte mennesker får anledning til å følge bedre med og grave "
-"dypere i de mange ulike temaer som omgir oss, og bli kjent med langt fler "
-"emner enn de fleste av oss har sjansen til i våre daglige liv. </quote>"
-
-#. type: Content of: <book><dedication><blockquote><para>
-#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:103
+#. type: Content of: <book><colophon><blockquote><para>
+#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:129
msgid "— <emphasis>David Foster Wallace</emphasis>"
msgstr "— <emphasis>David Foster Wallace</emphasis>"
#. type: Content of: <book><preface><title>
-#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:108
+#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:134
msgid "Foreword"
msgstr "Forord"
#. type: Content of: <book><preface><para>
-#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:110
+#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:136
msgid ""
"Three years ago, just after I was hired as CEO of Creative Commons, I met "
"with Cory Doctorow in the hotel bar of Toronto’s Gladstone Hotel. As one of "
"blindspor."
#. type: Content of: <book><preface><para>
-#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:119
+#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:145
msgid ""
"He was, in a way, completely correct—those who make things with Creative "
"Commons have ulterior motives, as Paul Stacey explains in this book: "
"ikke målet i seg selv.</quote>"
#. type: Content of: <book><preface><para>
-#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:127
+#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:153
msgid ""
"In the case study about Cory Doctorow, Sarah Hinchliff Pearson cites Cory’s "
"words from his book Information Doesn’t Want to Be Free: <quote>Entering the "
"alltid noen som vinner i lotteriet.</quote>"
#. type: Content of: <book><preface><para>
-#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:135
+#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:161
msgid ""
"Today, copyright is like a lottery ticket—everyone has one, and almost "
"nobody wins. What they don’t tell you is that if you choose to share your "
"lidenskap og bygge sine verdier."
#. type: Content of: <book><preface><para>
-#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:144
+#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:170
msgid ""
"So it’s not about the money. Also: it is. Finding the means to continue to "
"create and share often requires some amount of income. Max Temkin of Cards "
"penger slik at vi kan lage flere vitser og leke.</quote>"
#. type: Content of: <book><preface><para>
-#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:151
+#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:177
msgid ""
"Creative Commons’ focus is on building a vibrant, usable commons, powered by "
"collaboration and gratitude. Enabling communities of collaboration is at the "
"hovedforfatterne til denne boka."
#. type: Content of: <book><preface><para>
-#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:160
+#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:186
msgid ""
"Paul dreams of a future where new models of creativity and innovation "
"overpower the inequality and scarcity that today define the worst parts of "
"inspirerer kolleger og samfunn."
#. type: Content of: <book><preface><para>
-#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:169
+#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:195
msgid ""
"Sarah is the best kind of lawyer—a true advocate who believes in the good of "
"people, and the power of collective acts to change the world. Over the past "
"godt å debattere med."
#. type: Content of: <book><preface><para>
-#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:181
+#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:207
msgid ""
"As coauthors, Paul and Sarah complement each other perfectly. They "
"researched, analyzed, argued, and worked as a team, sometimes together and "
"innsiktsfull, ærlig og nyttig."
#. type: Content of: <book><preface><para>
-#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:192
+#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:218
msgid ""
"From the beginning, CC wanted to develop this project with the principles "
"and values of open collaboration. The book was funded, developed, "
"eksempel på en åpen forretningsmodell."
#. type: Content of: <book><preface><para>
-#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:200
+#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:226
msgid ""
"For 31 days in August of 2015, Sarah took point to organize and execute a "
"Kickstarter campaign to generate the core funding for the book. The "
"Creative Commons."
#. type: Content of: <book><preface><para>
-#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:209
+#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:235
msgid ""
"Paul and Sarah worked openly throughout the project, publishing the plans, "
"drafts, case studies, and analysis, early and often, and they engaged "
"<quote>Creative Commons-lisensiert</quote> til et bedre prosjekt."
#. type: Content of: <book><preface><para>
-#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:219
+#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:245
msgid ""
"Those who work and share in the commons are not typical creators. They are "
"part of something greater than themselves, and what they offer us all is a "
"Deres levne står i takknmelighets fellesskap."
#. type: Content of: <book><preface><para>
-#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:225
+#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:251
msgid ""
"Jonathan Mann, who is profiled in this book, writes a song a day. When I "
"reached out to ask him to write a song for our Kickstarter (and to offer "
"så mange å dele med et verdensomspennende publikum på egne premisser."
#. type: Content of: <book><preface><para>
-#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:234
+#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:260
msgid ""
"Sarah writes, <quote>Endeavors that are Made with Creative Commons thrive "
"when community is built around what they do. This may mean a community "
"gjør virkelig er verdifullt for dem.</quote>"
#. type: Content of: <book><preface><para>
-#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:248
+#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:274
msgid ""
"This is not a typical business book. For those looking for a recipe or a "
"roadmap, you might be disappointed. But for those looking to pursue a social "
"egne forretningsmuligheter, og to dusin doser ren inspirasjon."
#. type: Content of: <book><preface><para>
-#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:258
+#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:284
#, fuzzy
#| msgid ""
#| "In a 1996 Stanford Law Review article “The Zones of Cyberspace”, CC "
"lærer å kjenne og noen ganger like.</quote>"
#. type: Content of: <book><preface><para>
-#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:268
+#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:294
#, fuzzy
#| msgid ""
#| "I’m incredibly proud that Creative Commons is able to publish this book "
"mennesker.</quote>"
#. type: Content of: <book><preface><para>
-#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:276
+#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:302
msgid "That’s the true value of things that are Made with Creative Commons."
msgstr "Dette er den sanne verdien av ting som er laget med Creative Commons."
#. type: Content of: <book><preface><para>
-#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:279
+#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:305
msgid "<emphasis>Ryan Merkley</emphasis>"
msgstr "<emphasis>Ryan Merkley</emphasis>"
#. type: Content of: <book><preface><para>
-#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:282
+#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:308
msgid "<emphasis>CEO, Creative Commons</emphasis>"
msgstr "<emphasis>Daglig leder, Creative Commons</emphasis>"
#. type: Content of: <book><preface><title>
-#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:286
+#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:312
msgid "Introduction"
msgstr "Introduksjon"
#. type: Content of: <book><preface><para>
-#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:288
+#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:314
msgid ""
"This book shows the world how sharing can be good for business—but with a "
"twist."
"en ny vri."
#. type: Content of: <book><preface><para>
-#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:292
+#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:318
msgid ""
"We began the project intending to explore how creators, organizations, and "
"businesses make money to sustain what they do when they share their work "
"forretningsmodeller."
#. type: Content of: <book><preface><para>
-#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:304
+#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:330
msgid ""
"Through the generous funding of Kickstarter backers, we set about this "
"project first by identifying and selecting a diverse group of creators, "
"fikk hørte, og gjorde til sist dypdykk i litteraturen."
#. type: Content of: <book><preface><para>
-#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:312
+#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:338
msgid ""
"But as we did our research, something interesting happened. Our initial way "
"of framing the work did not match the stories we were hearing."
"forståelsesramme for arbeidet passet ikke med historiene vi hørte."
#. type: Content of: <book><preface><para>
-#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:317
+#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:343
msgid ""
"Those we interviewed were not typical businesses selling to consumers and "
"seeking to maximize profits and the bottom line. Instead, they were sharing "
"bærekraftig drift."
#. type: Content of: <book><preface><para>
-#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:325
+#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:351
#, fuzzy
#| msgid ""
#| "They often didn’t like hearing what they do described as an open business "
"<quote>slik vi vanligvis gjør det</quote>."
#. type: Content of: <book><preface><para>
-#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:333
+#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:359
msgid ""
"We had to rethink the way we conceived of this project. And it didn’t happen "
"overnight. From the fall of 2015 through 2016, we documented our thoughts in "
"råd. Vår tenkning endret seg dramatisk i løpet av halvannet år."
#. type: Content of: <book><preface><para>
-#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:342
+#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:368
msgid ""
"Throughout the process, the two of us have often had very different ways of "
"understanding and describing what we were learning. Learning from each other "
"våre ulike, men utfyllende tilnærminger i henholdsvise seksjoner."
#. type: Content of: <book><preface><para>
-#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:352
+#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:378
msgid ""
"While we recommend that you read the book from start to finish, each section "
"reads more or less independently. The book is structured into two main parts."
"kapittelvis hver for seg."
#. type: Content of: <book><preface><para>
-#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:357
+#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:383
msgid ""
"Part one, the overview, begins with a big-picture framework written by Paul. "
"He provides some historical context for the digital commons, describing the "
"den digitale allmenning."
#. type: Content of: <book><preface><para>
-#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:365
+#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:391
msgid ""
"The overview continues with Sarah’s chapter, as she considers what it means "
"to be successfully Made with Creative Commons. While making money is one "
"forbindelser med folk de deler med."
#. type: Content of: <book><preface><para>
-#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:375
+#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:401
msgid ""
"And to end part one, we have a short section that explains the different "
"Creative Commons licenses. We talk about the misconception that the more "
"tradisjonell uforstand - er de eneste måtene å tjene penger på."
#. type: Content of: <book><preface><para>
-#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:382
+#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:408
msgid ""
"Part two of the book is made up of the twenty-four stories of the creators, "
"businesses, and organizations we interviewed. While both of us participated "
"skrivingen av profilene fordelt oss imellom deretter."
#. type: Content of: <book><preface><para>
-#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:388
+#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:414
msgid ""
"Of course, we are pleased to make the book available using a Creative "
"Commons Attribution-ShareAlike license. Please copy, distribute, translate, "
"distribuer, oversett, lokaliser, og bygg gjerne videre på dette arbeidet."
#. type: Content of: <book><preface><para>
-#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:393
+#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:419
msgid ""
"Writing this book has transformed and inspired us. The way we now look at "
"and think about what it means to be Made with Creative Commons has "
"økonomi og verden til det bedre."
#. type: Content of: <book><preface><para>
-#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:400
+#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:426
msgid "<emphasis>Paul and Sarah </emphasis>"
msgstr "<emphasis>Paul og Sarah </emphasis>"
#. type: Content of: <book><part><title>
-#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:404
+#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:430
msgid "The Big Picture"
msgstr "Det store bildet"
#. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><title>
-#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:406
+#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:432
msgid "The New World of Digital Commons"
msgstr "Den digitale allmennings nye verden"
#. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para>
-#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:408
+#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:434
msgid "Paul Stacey"
msgstr "Paul Stacey"
#. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para><footnote><para>
-#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:418
+#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:445
msgid ""
"Jonathan Rowe, Our Common Wealth (San Francisco: Berrett-Koehler, 2013), 14."
msgstr ""
"Jonathan Rowe, Our Common Wealth (San Francisco: Berrett-Koehler, 2013), 14."
#. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para>
-#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:411
+#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:437
#, fuzzy
#| msgid ""
#| "Jonathan Rowe eloquently describes the commons as “the air and oceans, "
"quote><placeholder type=\"footnote\" id=\"0\"/>"
#. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para>
-#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:423
+#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:451
msgid ""
"In Made with Creative Commons, we focus on our current era of digital "
"commons, a commons of human-produced works. This commons cuts across a broad "
"Internett."
#. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para><footnote><para>
-#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:438
+#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:467
msgid ""
"David Bollier, Think Like a Commoner: A Short Introduction to the Life of "
"the Commons (Gabriola Island, BC: New Society, 2014), 176."
"the Commons (Gabriola Island, BC: New Society, 2014), 176."
#. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para><footnote><para>
-#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:446
+#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:477
msgid "Ibid., 15."
msgstr "Ibid., 15."
#. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para>
-#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:434
+#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:462
msgid ""
"The commons is not just about shared resources, however. It’s also about the "
"social practices and values that manage them. A resource is a noun, but to "
"bærekraft."
#. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><sect1><title>
-#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:453
+#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:485
msgid "The Commons, the Market, and the State"
msgstr "Allmenningen, markedet, og staten"
#. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><sect1><para><footnote><para>
-#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:459
+#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:492
#, fuzzy
msgid "Ibid., 145."
msgstr "Ibid., 145."
#. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><sect1><para>
-#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:455
+#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:487
msgid ""
"Historically, there have been three ways to manage resources and share "
"wealth: the commons (managed collectively), the state (i.e., the "
"\"footnote\" id=\"0\"/>"
#. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><sect1><para><footnote><para>
-#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:468
+#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:503
#, fuzzy
msgid "Ibid., 175."
msgstr "Ibid., 175."
#. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><sect1><para>
-#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:463
+#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:497
msgid ""
"The organizations and businesses in our case studies are unique in the way "
"they participate in the commons while still engaging with the market and/or "
"med dem som gjelder for markedet eller staten."
#. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><sect1><para>
-#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:475
+#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:511
msgid ""
"Fig. 1. is a depiction of how an enterprise can have varying levels of "
"engagement with commons, state, and market."
"allemannseie, staten og markedet."
#. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><sect1><para>
-#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:479
+#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:515
msgid ""
"Some of our case studies are simply commons and market enterprises with "
"little or no engagement with the state. A depiction of those case studies "
"sammensetningen av styrende normer."
#. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><sect1><para>
-#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:490
+#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:526
msgid ""
"All our case studies generate money as a means of livelihood and "
"sustainability. Money is primarily of the market. Finding ways to generate "
"for verdier, og evnen til å kombinere det beste fra begge."
#. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><sect1><para>
-#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:499
+#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:535
msgid ""
"The state has an important role to play in fostering the use and adoption of "
"the commons. State programs and funding can deliberately contribute to and "
"hensikt å fremme allemannseie."
#. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><sect1><figure><mediaobject><textobject><phrase>
-#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:506
-#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:513
+#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:542
+#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:548
msgid "Enterprise engagement with commons, state and market."
msgstr ""
"En bedrifts varierende grad av engasjement i allemannseie, statlig henseende "
"og markedet."
#. type: Attribute 'fileref' of: <book><part><chapter><sect1><figure><mediaobject><imageobject><imagedata>
-#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:510
+#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:546
msgid "Pictures/10000201000008000000045C30360249076453E6.png"
msgstr "Pictures/10000201000008000000045C30360249076453E6.png"
#. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><sect1><figure>
-#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:508
-#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:557
-#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:675
-#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:804
-#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:846
-#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:934
+#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:544
+#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:593
+#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:711
+#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:844
+#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:888
+#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:978
msgid "<placeholder type=\"mediaobject\" id=\"0\"/>"
msgstr "<placeholder type=\"mediaobject\" id=\"0\"/>"
#. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><sect1><para>
-#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:519
+#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:553
msgid ""
"It’s helpful to understand how the commons, market, and state manage "
"resources differently, and not just for those who consider themselves "
"vinnende strategi."
#. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><sect1><title>
-#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:530
+#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:564
msgid "The Four Aspects of a Resource"
msgstr "De fire aspektene ved en ressurs"
#. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><sect1><para><footnote><para>
-#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:535
+#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:570
#, fuzzy
#| msgid ""
#| "Daniel H. Cole, “Learning from Lin: Lessons and Cautions from the Natural "
"Strandburg (New York: Oxford University Press, 2014), 53."
#. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><sect1><para>
-#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:532
+#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:566
msgid ""
"As part of her Nobel Prize–winning work, Elinor Ostrom developed a framework "
"for analyzing how natural resources are managed in a commons.<placeholder "
"felleseie, markedet og staten, det offentlige, for dette kapitlet."
#. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><sect1><para>
-#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:548
+#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:584
msgid ""
"To compare and contrast the ways in which the commons, market, and state "
"work, let’s consider four aspects of resource management: resource "
"2)."
#. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><sect1><figure><mediaobject><textobject><phrase>
-#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:556
-#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:562
+#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:592
+#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:597
msgid "Four aspects of resource management"
msgstr "Fire aspekter ved ressursbehandling"
#. type: Attribute 'fileref' of: <book><part><chapter><sect1><figure><mediaobject><imageobject><imagedata>
-#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:559
+#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:595
msgid "Pictures/10000201000007D0000007D0ACF13F8B71EAF0B9.png"
msgstr "Pictures/10000201000007D0000007D0ACF13F8B71EAF0B9.png"
#. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><sect1><sect2><title>
-#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:568
+#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:602
msgid "Characteristics"
msgstr "Karakteristika"
#. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><sect1><sect2><para>
-#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:570
+#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:604
msgid ""
"Resources have particular characteristics or attributes that affect the way "
"they can be used. Some resources are natural; others are human produced. And—"
"påvirker det iboende ressurspotensialet."
#. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><sect1><sect2><para>
-#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:577
+#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:611
msgid ""
"Physical resources exist in limited supply. If I have a physical resource "
"and give it to you, I no longer have it. When a resource is removed and "
"gode, krever vanligvis at man har med markedet å gjøre."
#. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><sect1><sect2><para>
-#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:588
+#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:622
msgid ""
"Physical resources are depletable, exclusive, and rivalrous. Digital "
"resources, on the other hand, are nondepletable, nonexclusive, and "
"karakteristikk ved digitale ressurser."
#. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><sect1><sect2><para>
-#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:598
+#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:632
msgid ""
"The nondepletable, nonexclusive, and nonrivalrous nature of digital "
"resources means the rules and norms for managing them can (and ought to) be "
"rikelige."
#. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><sect1><sect2><para>
-#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:606
+#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:640
msgid ""
"Our case studies frequently manage hybrid resources, which start out as "
"digital with the possibility of being made into a physical resource. The "
"ressurs til noe fysisk."
#. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><sect1><sect2><para>
-#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:617
+#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:651
msgid ""
"Beyond this idea of physical versus digital, the commons, market, and state "
"conceive of resources differently (see Fig. 3). The market sees resources "
"form til fremtidige generasjoner."
#. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><sect1><sect2><title>
-#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:628
+#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:662
msgid "People and processes"
msgstr "Folk og prosesser"
#. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><sect1><sect2><para>
-#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:630
+#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:664
msgid ""
"In the commons, the market, and the state, different people and processes "
"are used to manage resources. The processes used define both who has a say "
"har innflytelse og hvordan en ressurs håndteres."
#. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><sect1><sect2><para>
-#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:635
+#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:669
msgid ""
"In the state, a government of elected officials is responsible for managing "
"resources on behalf of the public. The citizens who produce and use those "
"administrerer ressurser basert på regjeringens prioriteringer og prosedyrer."
#. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><sect1><sect2><para>
-#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:644
+#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:678
msgid ""
"In the market, the people involved are producers, buyers, sellers, and "
"consumers. Businesses act as intermediaries between those who produce "
"grunnlag av en betalingstransaksjon."
#. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><sect1><sect2><para><footnote><para>
-#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:655
+#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:690
#, fuzzy
msgid ""
"Max Haiven, Crises of Imagination, Crises of Power: Capitalism, Creativity "
"and the Commons (New York: Zed-bøker, 2014), 93."
#. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><sect1><sect2><para>
-#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:653
+#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:687
#, fuzzy
msgid ""
"In contrast to the state and market, resources in a commons are managed more "
"anonymt og mer personlig."
#. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><sect1><sect2><figure><mediaobject><textobject><phrase>
-#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:673
-#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:680
+#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:709
+#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:715
msgid "How the market, commons and state concieve of resources."
msgstr "Hvordan markedet, fellesskap og staten oppfatter ressurser."
#. type: Attribute 'fileref' of: <book><part><chapter><sect1><sect2><figure><mediaobject><imageobject><imagedata>
-#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:677
+#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:713
msgid "Pictures/10000201000009C40000065D9EC4F530BD4DFBE0.png"
msgstr "Pictures/10000201000009C40000065D9EC4F530BD4DFBE0.png"
#. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><sect1><sect2><title>
-#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:687
+#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:721
msgid "Norms and rules"
msgstr "Normer og regler"
#. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><sect1><sect2><para>
-#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:689
+#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:723
msgid ""
"The social interactions between people, and the processes used by the state, "
"market, and commons, evolve social norms and rules. These norms and rules "
"disputter."
#. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><sect1><sect2><para>
-#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:695
+#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:729
msgid ""
"State authority is governed by national constitutions. Norms related to "
"priorities and decision making are defined by elected officials and "
"allemannseie gjennom de reglene som lages."
#. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><sect1><sect2><para>
-#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:703
+#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:737
msgid ""
"Market norms are influenced by economics and competition for scarce "
"resources. Market rules follow property, business, and financial laws "
"definert av staten."
#. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><sect1><sect2><para><footnote><para>
-#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:715
+#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:750
#, fuzzy
msgid "Bollier, Think Like a Commoner, 175."
msgstr "Bollier, Think Like a Commoner, 175."
#. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><sect1><sect2><para>
-#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:708
+#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:742
msgid ""
"As with the market, a commons can be influenced by state policies, "
"regulations, and laws. But the norms and rules of a commons are largely "
"type=\"footnote\" id=\"0\"/>"
#. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><sect1><sect2><title>
-#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:720
+#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:756
msgid "Goals"
msgstr "Mål"
#. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><sect1><sect2><para>
-#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:722
+#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:758
msgid ""
"The combination of the aspects we’ve discussed so far—the resource’s "
"inherent characteristics, people and processes, and norms and rules—shape "
"svarer til målene til stat, marked og allmenning."
#. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><sect1><sect2><para><footnote><para>
-#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:734
+#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:771
#, fuzzy
msgid ""
"Joshua Farley and Ida Kubiszewski, <quote>The Economics of Information in a "
"University of Regina Press, 2015), 201–4."
#. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><sect1><sect2><para>
-#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:729
+#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:765
msgid ""
"In the market, the focus is on maximizing the utility of a resource. What we "
"pay for the goods we consume is seen as an objective measure of the utility "
"salg, inntekter, fortjeneste og vekst, alle disse måter å måle markedet på."
#. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><sect1><sect2><para>
-#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:744
+#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:782
msgid ""
"The state aims to use and manage resources in a way that balances the "
"economy with the social and cultural needs of its citizens. Health care, "
"livskvalitet."
#. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><sect1><sect2><para>
-#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:753
+#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:791
#, fuzzy
msgid ""
"In the commons, the goal is maximizing access, equity, distribution, "
"goder."
#. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><sect1><sect2><para>
-#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:762
+#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:800
msgid ""
"As hybrid combinations of the commons with the market or state, the success "
"and sustainability of all our case study enterprises depends on their "
"ressurshåndtering."
#. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><sect1><title>
-#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:770
+#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:808
msgid "A Short History of the Commons"
msgstr "En kort historie om almenningen"
#. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><sect1><para>
-#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:772
+#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:810
msgid ""
"Using the commons to manage resources is part of a long historical "
"continuum. However, in contemporary society, the market and the state "
"bevissthet og omtanke. Det finnes ingen nyheter eller taler om allmenningen."
#. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><sect1><para>
-#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:781
+#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:819
msgid ""
"But the more than 1.1 billion resources licensed with Creative Commons "
"around the world are indications of a grassroots move toward the commons. "
"pågående fornyelsen er det nyttig å vite noe om dens historie."
#. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><sect1><para><footnote><para>
-#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:792
+#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:831
#, fuzzy
msgid ""
"Rowe, Our Common Wealth, 19; and Heather Menzies, Reclaiming the Commons for "
"2014), 42–43."
#. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><sect1><para>
-#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:788
+#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:826
msgid ""
"For centuries, indigenous people and preindustrialized societies managed "
"resources, including water, food, firewood, irrigation, fish, wild game, and "
"illustrerer allemannseie i forhold til stat og marked.)"
#. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><sect1><figure><mediaobject><textobject><phrase>
-#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:803
-#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:809
+#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:843
+#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:848
msgid "In preindustrialized society."
msgstr "I det førindustrielle samfunnet."
#. type: Attribute 'fileref' of: <book><part><chapter><sect1><figure><mediaobject><imageobject><imagedata>
-#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:806
+#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:846
msgid "Pictures/10000201000009C4000005153EACBD62F00F6BA9.png"
msgstr "Pictures/10000201000009C4000005153EACBD62F00F6BA9.png"
#. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><sect1><para><footnote><para>
-#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:818
+#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:857
#, fuzzy
msgid "Bollier, Think Like a Commoner, 55–78."
msgstr "Bollier, Think Like a Commoner, 55–78."
#. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><sect1><para><footnote><para>
-#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:822
+#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:863
#, fuzzy
msgid ""
"Fritjof Capra and Ugo Mattei, The Ecology of Law: Toward a Legal System in "
"og Bollier, Think Like a Commoner, 88."
#. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><sect1><para>
-#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:815
+#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:853
#, fuzzy
msgid ""
"This is followed by a long history of the state (a monarchy or ruler) taking "
"verktøy for styring av disse ressursene. (Se Fig. 5)."
#. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><sect1><para>
-#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:831
+#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:873
msgid ""
"Holdings of land, water, and game were distributed to ruling family and "
"political appointees. Commoners displaced from the land migrated to cities. "
"markedet i dag er hovedmåten for ressurshåndtering."
#. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><sect1><figure><mediaobject><textobject><phrase>
-#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:845
-#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:851
+#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:887
+#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:892
msgid "The commons is gradually superseded by the state."
msgstr "Almenningen er gradvis erstattet av staten."
#. type: Attribute 'fileref' of: <book><part><chapter><sect1><figure><mediaobject><imageobject><imagedata>
-#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:848
+#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:890
msgid "Pictures/10000201000009C4000005150F069409C1CC12F0.png"
msgstr "Pictures/10000201000009C4000005150F069409C1CC12F0.png"
#. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><sect1><para>
-#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:857
+#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:897
msgid ""
"However, the world today is going through turbulent times. The benefits of "
"the market have been offset by unequal distribution and overexploitation."
"motvirket av ulik fordeling og rovdrift."
#. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><sect1><para>
-#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:862
+#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:902
#, fuzzy
#| msgid ""
#| "Overexploitation was the topic of Garrett Hardin’s influential essay “The "
"privat eiendom og frie markeder."
#. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><sect1><para><footnote><para>
-#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:890
+#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:931
#, fuzzy
msgid ""
"Brett M. Frischmann, Michael J. Madison, and Katherine J. Strandburg, "
"Governing Knowledge Commons, 12."
#. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><sect1><para>
-#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:873
+#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:913
#, fuzzy
#| msgid ""
#| "However, there is one serious flaw with Hardin’s “The Tragedy of the "
"krever felles innsats.<placeholder type=\"footnote\" id=\"0\"/>"
#. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><sect1><para>
-#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:897
+#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:939
msgid ""
"Hardin failed to consider the actual social dynamic of the commons. His "
"model assumed that people in the commons act autonomously, out of pure self-"
"tragedie, burde det kanskje mer nøyaktig hatt tittelen Markedets tragedie."
#. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><sect1><para><footnote><para>
-#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:913
+#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:956
#, fuzzy
msgid ""
"Farley and Kubiszewski, <quote>Economics of Information,</quote> in Elliott "
"Hepting, Free Knowledge, 203."
#. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><sect1><para>
-#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:909
+#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:951
msgid ""
"Hardin’s story is based on the premise of depletable resources. Economists "
"have focused almost exclusively on scarcity-based markets. Very little is "
"anvende markedets vanlige normer og regler."
#. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><sect1><para>
-#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:925
+#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:969
msgid ""
"When it comes to use of state funds to create digital goods, however, there "
"is really no justification for artificial scarcity. The norm for state "
"tilgjengelige for allmennheten som betalte for dem."
#. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><sect1><figure><mediaobject><textobject><phrase>
-#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:932
-#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:939
+#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:976
+#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:982
msgid "How the market, the state and the commons look today."
msgstr "Hvordan markedet, staten og commons ser ut i dag."
#. type: Attribute 'fileref' of: <book><part><chapter><sect1><figure><mediaobject><imageobject><imagedata>
-#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:936
+#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:980
msgid "Pictures/10000201000009C400000515F1CAA15B223F6BAF.png"
msgstr "Pictures/10000201000009C400000515F1CAA15B223F6BAF.png"
#. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><sect1><title>
-#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:946
+#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:988
msgid "The Digital Revolution"
msgstr "Den digitale revolusjonen"
#. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><sect1><para>
-#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:948
+#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:990
msgid ""
"In the early days of computing, programmers and developers learned from each "
"other by sharing software. In the 1980s, the free-software movement codified "
"bevegelsen denne delingspraksisen i et sett prinsipper og friheter:"
#. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><sect1><itemizedlist><listitem><para>
-#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:956
+#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:998
msgid "The freedom to run a software program as you wish, for any purpose."
msgstr "Frihet til å kjøre et program som du ønsker, til ethvert formål."
#. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><sect1><itemizedlist><listitem><para>
-#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:962
+#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:1004
#, fuzzy
msgid ""
"The freedom to study how a software program works (because access to the "
"slik du ønsker."
#. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><sect1><itemizedlist><listitem><para>
-#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:969
+#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:1011
msgid "The freedom to redistribute copies."
msgstr "Friheten til å videredistribuere kopier."
#. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><sect1><itemizedlist><listitem><para><footnote><para>
-#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:975
+#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:1019
#, fuzzy
msgid ""
"<quote>What Is Free Software?</quote> GNU Operating System, the Free "
"url=\"http://www.gnu.org/philosophy/free-sw\"/>."
#. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><sect1><itemizedlist><listitem><para>
-#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:974
+#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:1016
#, fuzzy
msgid ""
"The freedom to distribute copies of your modified versions to others."
"<placeholder type=\"footnote\" id=\"0\"/>"
#. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><sect1><para>
-#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:984
+#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:1029
msgid ""
"These principles and freedoms constitute a set of norms and rules that "
"typify a digital commons."
"karakteriserer et digitalt felleseie."
#. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><sect1><para><footnote><para>
-#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:999
+#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:1045
#, fuzzy
#| msgid ""
#| "Wikipedia, s.v. “Open-source software,” last modified November 22, 2016."
msgstr "Wikipedia, s.v. “Open-source software,” sist endret 22. november 2016."
#. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><sect1><para>
-#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:988
+#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:1033
#, fuzzy
msgid ""
"In the late 1990s, to make the sharing of source code and collaboration more "
"sentrale Internett-protokoller."
#. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><sect1><para><footnote><para>
-#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:1014
+#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:1062
#, fuzzy
msgid ""
"Eric S. Raymond, <quote>The Magic Cauldron,</quote> in The Cathedral and the "
"org/esr/writings/cathedral-bazaar/\"/>."
#. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><sect1><para>
-#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:1006
+#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:1053
#, fuzzy
msgid ""
"While open-source software functions as a commons, many businesses and "
"på bærekraftige tilnærminger for dem laget med Creative Commons."
#. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><sect1><para>
-#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:1023
+#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:1072
msgid ""
"It isn’t just about an abundant availability of digital assets but also "
"about abundance of participation. The growth of personal computing, "
"å bruke det, uten gitt tillatelse."
#. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><sect1><para><footnote><para>
-#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:1042
+#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:1092
#, fuzzy
msgid ""
"New York Times Customer Insight Group, The Psychology of Sharing: Why Do "
"2011), <ulink url=\"http://www.iab.net/media/file/POSWhitePaper.pdf\"/>."
#. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><sect1><para>
-#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:1036
+#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:1085
msgid ""
"But people like to share. One of the ways we define ourselves is by sharing "
"valuable and entertaining content. Doing so grows and nourishes "
"følt involvering i verden.<placeholder type=\"footnote\" id=\"0\"/>"
#. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><sect1><title>
-#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:1050
+#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:1101
msgid "The Birth of Creative Commons"
msgstr "Creative Commons blir til"
#. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><sect1><para>
-#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:1052
+#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:1103
msgid ""
"In 2001, Creative Commons was created as a nonprofit to support all those "
"who wanted to share digital content. A suite of Creative Commons licenses "
"arbeid."
#. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><sect1><para><footnote><para>
-#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:1072
+#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:1125
#, fuzzy
msgid ""
"<quote>Licensing Considerations,</quote> Creative Commons, accessed December "
"considerations/\"/>."
#. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><sect1><para>
-#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:1061
+#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:1112
msgid ""
"Creative Commons licenses have a three-layer design. The norms and rules of "
"each license are first expressed in full legal language as used by lawyers. "
"selv forstår normer og regler for digitalt innhold i et allemannseie."
#. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><sect1><para>
-#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:1080
+#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:1134
#, fuzzy
msgid ""
"In 2015, there were over one billion Creative Commons licensed works in a "
"tidsskrifter, pedagogiske ressurser, musikk og andre lydspor, samt videoer."
#. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><sect1><para><footnote><para>
-#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:1093
+#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:1148
#, fuzzy
msgid ""
"Creative Commons, 2015 State of the Commons (Mountain View, CA: Creative "
"Commons, 2015), <ulink url=\"http://stateof.creativecommons.org/2015/\"/>."
#. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><sect1><para>
-#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:1088
+#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:1142
msgid ""
"Individual artists, photographers, musicians, and filmmakers use Creative "
"Commons, but so do museums, governments, creative industries, manufacturers, "
"referanseløsninger ble valgt for å reflektere dette mangfoldet.)"
#. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><sect1><para>
-#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:1101
+#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:1157
msgid ""
"Some see Creative Commons as a way to share a gift with others, a way of "
"getting known, or a way to provide social benefit. Others are simply "
"bevegelsen."
#. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><sect1><para>
-#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:1113
+#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:1169
#, fuzzy
msgid ""
"Over time, Creative Commons has spawned a range of open movements, including "
"fritt å ha tilgang, bruke, og endre."
#. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><sect1><para><footnote><para>
-#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:1126
+#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:1183
#, fuzzy
msgid ""
"Wikipedia, s.v. <quote>Open Government Partnership,</quote> last modified "
"\"/>."
#. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><sect1><para>
-#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:1121
+#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:1177
msgid ""
"The state is increasingly involved in supporting open movements. The Open "
"Government Partnership was launched in 2011 to provide an international "
"betalte for dem."
#. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><sect1><title>
-#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:1137
+#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:1195
msgid "The Changing Market"
msgstr "Markedet i forandring"
#. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><sect1><para><footnote><para>
-#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:1145
+#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:1204
#, fuzzy
msgid "Capra and Mattei, Ecology of Law, 114."
msgstr "Capra og Mattei, Ecology of Law, 114."
#. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><sect1><para><footnote><para>
-#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:1153
+#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:1214
#, fuzzy
msgid "Ibid., 116."
msgstr "Ibid., 116."
#. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><sect1><para>
-#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:1139
+#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:1197
msgid ""
"Today’s market is largely driven by global capitalism. Law and financial "
"systems are structured to support extraction, privatization, and corporate "
"demokratiske sammenbrudd.<placeholder type=\"footnote\" id=\"1\"/>"
#. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><sect1><para><footnote><para>
-#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:1163
+#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:1226
#, fuzzy
msgid ""
"The Swedish International Development Cooperation Agency, <quote>Stockholm "
"sida/eng/press/stockholm-statement.pdf\"/>"
#. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><sect1><para>
-#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:1157
+#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:1219
msgid ""
"In light of these challenges there is a growing recognition that GDP growth "
"should not be an end in itself, that development needs to be socially and "
"bedre.<placeholder type=\"footnote\" id=\"0\"/>"
#. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><sect1><para><footnote><para>
-#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:1175
+#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:1240
#, fuzzy
msgid ""
"City of Bologna, Regulation on Collaboration between Citizens and the City "
"regeneration-of-urban-commons1.pdf\"/>."
#. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><sect1><para><footnote><para>
-#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:1185
+#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:1252
#, fuzzy
msgid ""
"The Seoul Sharing City website is <ulink url=\"http://english.sharehub.kr\"/"
"nl/amsterdam-sharing-city/\"/>."
#. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><sect1><para>
-#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:1170
+#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:1234
msgid ""
"These realizations have led to a resurgence of interest in the commons as a "
"means of enabling that balance. City governments like Bologna, Italy, are "
"sikkerhet.<placeholder type=\"footnote\" id=\"1\"/>"
#. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><sect1><para><footnote><para>
-#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:1202
+#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:1271
#, fuzzy
msgid ""
"Tom Slee, What’s Yours Is Mine: Against the Sharing Economy (New York: OR "
"Books, 2015), 42."
#. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><sect1><para>
-#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:1192
+#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:1260
msgid ""
"The market itself has taken an interest in the sharing economy, with "
"businesses like Airbnb providing a peer-to-peer marketplace for short-term "
"personer som kan bruke og få verdi ut av en eiendel."
#. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><sect1><para><footnote><para>
-#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:1224
+#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:1295
#, fuzzy
msgid ""
"Chris Anderson, Free: How Today’s Smartest Businesses Profit by Giving "
"224."
#. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><sect1><para>
-#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:1214
+#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:1284
#, fuzzy
msgid ""
"One way Made with Creative Commons case studies differ from those of the "
"null.<placeholder type=\"footnote\" id=\"0\"/>"
#. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><sect1><para>
-#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:1230
+#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:1302
msgid ""
"Those that are Made with Creative Commons are looking to leverage the unique "
"inherent characteristics of digital resources, including lowering costs. The "
"deltakelse er et felles mål. Deres mål er overflod fremfor knapphet."
#. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><sect1><para><footnote><para>
-#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:1249
+#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:1322
#, fuzzy
msgid ""
"Jeremy Rifkin, The Zero Marginal Cost Society: The Internet of Things, the "
"Macmillan, 2014), 273."
#. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><sect1><para>
-#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:1244
+#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:1316
#, fuzzy
msgid ""
"The incremental cost of storing, copying, and distributing digital goods is "
"økonomiske modeller og praksiser."
#. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><sect1><para>
-#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:1257
+#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:1331
msgid ""
"Some are looking to minimize their interactions with the market and operate "
"as autonomously as possible. Others are operating largely as a business "
"muligheten til å endre de normer og regler markedet fungerer etter."
#. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><sect1><para><footnote><para>
-#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:1271
+#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:1346
#, fuzzy
msgid ""
"Gar Alperovitz, What Then Must We Do? Straight Talk about the Next American "
"from the Ground Up (White River Junction, VT: Chelsea Green, 2013), 39."
#. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><sect1><para><footnote><para>
-#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:1280
+#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:1357
#, fuzzy
msgid ""
"Marjorie Kelly, Owning Our Future: The Emerging Ownership Revolution; "
"Journeys to a Generative Economy (San Francisco: Berrett-Koehler, 2012), 8–9."
#. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><sect1><para>
-#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:1264
+#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:1338
msgid ""
"For an ordinary corporation, making social benefit a part of its operations "
"is difficult, as it’s legally required to make decisions that financially "
"markedets regler og normer.<placeholder type=\"footnote\" id=\"1\"/>"
#. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><sect1><para><footnote><para>
-#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:1292
+#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:1372
msgid ""
"Alex Osterwalder and Yves Pigneur, Business Model Generation (Hoboken, NJ: "
"John Wiley and Sons, 2010). A preview of the book is available at <ulink url="
"<ulink url=\"http://strategyzer.com/books/business-model-generation\"/>."
#. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><sect1><para>
-#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:1285
+#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:1364
msgid ""
"<quote>A book on open business models</quote> is how we described it in this "
"book’s Kickstarter campaign. We used a handbook called Business Model "
"omtale av forretningsmodeller.<placeholder type=\"footnote\" id=\"0\"/>"
#. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><sect1><para><footnote><para>
-#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:1302
+#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:1384
msgid ""
"This business model canvas is available to download at <ulink url=\"http://"
"strategyzer.com/canvas/business-model-canvas\"/>."
"<ulink url=\"http://strategyzer.com/canvas/business-model-canvas\"/>."
#. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><sect1><para><footnote><para>
-#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:1310
+#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:1394
#, fuzzy
#| msgid ""
#| "We’ve made the “Open Business Model Canvas,” designed by the coauthor "
"d/1kACK7TkoJgsM18HUWCbX9xuQ0Byna4plSVZXZGTtays/edit\"/>."
#. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><sect1><para>
-#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:1299
+#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:1380
#, fuzzy
#| msgid ""
#| "It contains a “business model canvas,” which conceives of a business "
"økonomiske modell."
#. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><sect1><para>
-#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:1320
+#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:1405
#, fuzzy
msgid ""
"In our case study interviews, many expressed discomfort over describing "
"frem organisk snarere enn nøye planlagt ved hjelp av forhåndsdefinert modell."
#. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><sect1><para><footnote><para>
-#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:1342
+#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:1428
#, fuzzy
msgid ""
"A more comprehensive list of revenue streams is available in this post I "
"can-you-generate-revenue-5854d2659b15\"/>."
#. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><sect1><para>
-#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:1333
+#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:1418
#, fuzzy
#| msgid ""
#| "The creators, businesses, and organizations we profile all engage with "
"risikoen, og gir flere veier til bærekraft."
#. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><sect1><title>
-#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:1354
+#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:1441
msgid "Benefits of the Digital Commons"
msgstr "Fordelene med Digital Commons"
#. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><sect1><para>
-#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:1356
+#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:1443
msgid ""
"While it may be clear why commons-based organizations want to interact and "
"engage with the market (they need money to survive), it may be less obvious "
"felleseier. Digitale allmenneier tilbyr mange fordeler."
#. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><sect1><para>
-#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:1362
+#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:1449
msgid ""
"The commons speeds dissemination. The free flow of resources in the commons "
"offers tremendous economies of scale. Distribution is decentralized, with "
"ekspertise."
#. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><sect1><para>
-#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:1371
+#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:1458
msgid ""
"The commons ensures access to all. The market has traditionally operated by "
"putting resources behind a paywall requiring payment first before access. "
"og redelighet."
#. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><sect1><para>
-#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:1384
+#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:1471
msgid ""
"The commons maximizes participation. Resources in the commons can be used "
"and contributed to by everyone. Using the resources of others, contributing "
"samfunnsnyttig praksis."
#. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><sect1><para><footnote><para>
-#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:1406
+#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:1494
msgid ""
"Henry Chesbrough, Open Innovation: The New Imperative for Creating and "
"Profiting from Technology (Boston: Harvard Business Review Press, 2006), 31–"
"44."
#. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><sect1><para>
-#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:1397
+#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:1484
msgid ""
"The commons spurs innovation. Resources in the hands of more people who can "
"use them leads to new ideas. The way commons resources can be modified, "
"og forholdet til fellesskapet."
#. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><sect1><para>
-#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:1415
+#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:1504
msgid ""
"The commons boosts reach and impact. The digital commons is global. "
"Resources may be created for a local or regional need, but they go far and "
"arbeide."
#. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><sect1><para>
-#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:1428
+#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:1517
msgid ""
"The commons is generative. Instead of extracting value, the commons adds "
"value. Digitized resources persist without becoming depleted, and through "
"den samlede verdien av allemannseiet."
#. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><sect1><para>
-#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:1442
+#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:1531
msgid ""
"The commons brings people together for a common cause. The commons vests "
"people directly with the responsibility to manage the resources for the "
"engasjement, ikke ved utveksling av penger."
#. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><sect1><para>
-#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:1457
+#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:1546
msgid ""
"The benefits of the commons are many. When these benefits align with the "
"goals of individuals, communities, businesses in the market, or state "
"administrere ressurser som i felleseie være det klare alternativet."
#. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><sect1><title>
-#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:1464
+#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:1553
msgid "Our Case Studies"
msgstr "Våre referansestudier"
#. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><sect1><para>
-#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:1466
+#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:1555
msgid ""
"The creators, organizations, and businesses in our case studies operate as "
"nonprofits, for-profits, and social enterprises. Regardless of legal "
"den finansielle bunnlinjen."
#. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><sect1><para>
-#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:1478
+#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:1567
msgid ""
"The case studies are based on the narratives told to us by founders and key "
"staff. Instead of solely using financials as the measure of success and "
"er nådd, og hvor bærekraftig organisasjonen er."
#. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><sect1><para>
-#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:1486
+#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:1575
msgid ""
"Our case studies are diverse, ranging from publishing to education and "
"manufacturing. All of the organizations, businesses, and creators in the "
"opprinnelig digitale, men kan gjøres til fysiske ressurser."
#. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><sect1><para>
-#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:1496
+#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:1585
msgid ""
"They are creating new resources, or using the resources of others, or mixing "
"existing resources together to make something new. They, and their audience, "
"alle uavhengig av økonomiske midler."
#. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><sect1><para>
-#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:1504
+#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:1593
msgid ""
"And as users of Creative Commons licenses, they are automatically part of a "
"global community. The new digital commons is global. Those we profiled come "
"dette globale samfunnet leder til suksess."
#. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><sect1><para>
-#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:1511
+#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:1600
msgid ""
"Creative Commons licenses may express legal rules around the use of "
"resources in a commons, but success in the commons requires more than "
"allmenneier."
#. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><sect1><para>
-#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:1524
+#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:1613
msgid ""
"The new digital commons is here to stay. Made With Creative Commons case "
"studies show how it’s possible to be part of this commons while still "
"er et mer balansert alternativ mulig."
#. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><sect1><para>
-#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:1533
+#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:1622
msgid ""
"Enterprise use of Creative Commons has only just begun. The case studies in "
"this book are merely starting points. Each is changing and evolving over "
"innsikt i hvordan dette virker."
#. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><title>
-#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:1544
+#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:1634
msgid "How to Be Made with Creative Commons"
msgstr "Hvordan bli laget med Creative Commons"
#. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para>
-#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:1546
+#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:1636
msgid "Sarah Hinchliff Pearson"
msgstr "Sarah Hinchliff Pearson"
#. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para>
-#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:1549
+#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:1639
msgid ""
"When we began this project in August 2015, we set out to write a book about "
"business models that involve Creative Commons licenses in some significant "
"tilgang til dem, men også å kan bruke dem."
#. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para>
-#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:1565
+#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:1655
msgid ""
"We analyzed the revenue models, customer segments, and value propositions of "
"each endeavor. We searched for ways that putting their content under "
"definisjoner av suksess."
#. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para>
-#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:1575
+#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:1665
msgid ""
"In fairly short order, we realized the book we set out to write was quite "
"different from the one that was revealing itself in our interviews and "
"forskjellig fra den som dukket frem i våre intervjuer og forskning."
#. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para>
-#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:1580
+#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:1670
msgid ""
"It isn’t that we were wrong to think you can make money while using Creative "
"Commons licenses. In many instances, CC can help make you more money. Nor "
"forretningsvirksomhet."
#. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para><footnote><para>
-#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:1593
+#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:1684
msgid ""
"Alex Osterwalder and Yves Pigneur, Business Model Generation (Hoboken, NJ: "
"John Wiley and Sons, 2010), 14. A preview of the book is available at <ulink "
"på <ulink url=\"http://strategyzer.com/books/business-model-generation\"/>."
#. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para>
-#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:1589
+#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:1679
#, fuzzy
#| msgid ""
#| "According to the seminal handbook Business Model Generation, a business "
"skal bety.</quote>"
#. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para>
-#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:1605
+#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:1697
msgid ""
"Eventually, we got it. Being Made with Creative Commons is more than a "
"business model. While we will talk about specific revenue models as one "
"som som vår styrende overskrift for boken."
#. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para>
-#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:1612
+#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:1704
msgid ""
"Admittedly, it took me a long time to get there. When Paul and I divided up "
"our writing after finishing the research, my charge was to distill "
"måten å tenke på før du leser videre."
#. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para>
-#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:1622
+#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:1714
msgid ""
"In every interview, we started from the same simple questions. Amid all the "
"diversity among the creators, organizations, and businesses we profiled, "
"forretningsperspektiv, kan være litt utenfor sporet."
#. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para>
-#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:1634
+#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:1726
msgid ""
"But we also started to realize something about what it means to be Made with "
"Creative Commons. When people talked to us about how and why they used CC, "
"symbolikken har mange lag."
#. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para>
-#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:1642
+#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:1734
msgid ""
"At one level, being Made with Creative Commons expresses an affinity for the "
"value of Creative Commons. While there are many different flavors of CC "
"gjenspeiler en tro på løftet om å dele."
#. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para>
-#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:1656
+#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:1748
#, fuzzy
#| msgid ""
#| "Whether the public makes use of the opportunity to copy and adapt your "
"åpen mulighet for forbindelse."
#. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para>
-#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:1668
+#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:1760
msgid ""
"Being Made with Creative Commons not only demonstrates values connected to "
"CC and sharing. It also demonstrates that something other than profit drives "
"syn på suksess."
#. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para><footnote><para>
-#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:1681
+#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:1774
msgid ""
"Cory Doctorow, Information Doesn’t Want to Be Free: Laws for the Internet "
"Age (San Francisco, CA: McSweeney’s, 2014) 68."
"Age (San Francisco, CA: McSweeney’s, 2014) 68."
#. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para>
-#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:1676
+#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:1768
#, fuzzy
#| msgid ""
#| "The driving motivation varies depending on the type of endeavor. For "
"quote>"
#. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para>
-#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:1693
+#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:1787
msgid ""
"Many that are Made with Creative Commons have an express social mission that "
"underpins everything they do. In many cases, sharing with Creative Commons "
"det var OK å dele innholdet med en Creative Commons-lisens."
#. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para>
-#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:1703
+#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:1797
msgid ""
"This dynamic is probably one reason why there are so many nonprofit examples "
"of being Made with Creative Commons. The content is the result of a labor of "
"gode og menneskelig tilknytning er en integrert del for å oppnå suksess."
#. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para>
-#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:1713
+#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:1807
msgid ""
"Even if profit isn’t the end goal, you have to bring in money to be "
"successfully Made with Creative Commons. At a bare minimum, you have to make "
"nok til å holde lysene påslått."
#. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para>
-#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:1718
+#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:1812
#, fuzzy
msgid ""
"The costs of doing business vary widely for those made with CC, but there is "
"overgår sine forgjengere til en brøkdel av prisen.</quote>"
#. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para><footnote><para>
-#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:1735
+#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:1830
#, fuzzy
msgid "Ibid., 55."
msgstr "Ibid., 55."
#. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para>
-#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:1730
+#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:1824
msgid ""
"Some creation costs are the same as they always were. It takes the same "
"amount of time and money to write a peer-reviewed journal article or paint a "
"egen overbevisning."
#. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para><footnote><para>
-#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:1747
+#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:1844
#, fuzzy
msgid ""
"Chris Anderson, Free: How Today’s Smartest Businesses Profit by Giving "
"224."
#. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para>
-#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:1744
+#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:1840
msgid ""
"Distributing content is almost universally cheaper than ever. Once content "
"is created, the costs to distribute copies digitally are essentially zero."
"ervervelse, som turneer eller tilpasset opplæring."
#. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para><footnote><para>
-#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:1769
+#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:1868
#, fuzzy
msgid "Doctorow, Information Doesn’t Want to Be Free, 44."
msgstr "Doctorow, Information Doesn’t Want to Be Free, 44."
#. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para>
-#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:1759
+#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:1857
#, fuzzy
#| msgid ""
#| "It’s important to recognize that the biggest impact of technology on "
"meget mer beskjedne."
#. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para>
-#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:1776
+#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:1876
#, fuzzy
msgid ""
"Whether for an individual creator or a larger endeavor, it usually isn’t "
"gjelder det bare å holde ting gående fra dag til dag</quote>."
#. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para>
-#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:1789
+#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:1889
msgid ""
"This book is a testament to the notion that it is possible to make money "
"while using CC licenses and CC-licensed content, but we are still very much "
"nye måten å operere på."
#. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para>
-#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:1797
+#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:1897
#, fuzzy
#| msgid ""
#| "There are, however, plenty of ways in which CC licensing can be good for "
"<quote>problem null</quote>."
#. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><sect1><title>
-#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:1802
+#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:1902
msgid "Problem Zero: Getting Discovered"
msgstr "Problem Null: Å bli oppdaget"
#. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><sect1><para><footnote><para>
-#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:1809
+#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:1910
#, fuzzy
msgid ""
"Amanda Palmer, The Art of Asking: Or How I Learned to Stop Worrying and Let "
"People Help (New York: Grand Central, 2014), 121."
#. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><sect1><para><footnote><para>
-#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:1824
+#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:1927
#, fuzzy
msgid ""
"Chris Anderson, Makers: The New Industrial Revolution (New York: Signal, "
"2012), 64."
#. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><sect1><para>
-#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:1804
+#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:1904
#, fuzzy
#| msgid ""
#| "Once you create or collect your content, the next step is finding users, "
"\"footnote\" id=\"1\"/> Vi begrenses ikke lenger til massenes appell."
#. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><sect1><para><footnote><para>
-#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:1838
+#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:1943
#, fuzzy
msgid ""
"David Bollier, Think Like a Commoner: A Short Introduction to the Life of "
"the Commons (Gabriola Island, BC: New Society, 2014), 70."
#. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><sect1><para><footnote><para>
-#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:1845
+#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:1952
#, fuzzy
msgid "Anderson, Makers, 66."
msgstr "Anderson, Makers, 66."
#. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><sect1><para><footnote><para>
-#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:1850
+#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:1959
#, fuzzy
msgid ""
"Bryan Kramer, Shareology: How Sharing Is Powering the Human Economy (New "
"York: Morgan James, 2016), 10."
#. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><sect1><para>
-#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:1830
+#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:1934
#, fuzzy
#| msgid ""
#| "While finding “your people” online is theoretically easier than in the "
"av de rette folkene."
#. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><sect1><para><footnote><para>
-#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:1864
+#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:1975
#, fuzzy
msgid "Anderson, Free, 62."
msgstr "Anderson, Free, 62."
#. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><sect1><para>
-#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:1856
+#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:1966
#, fuzzy
#| msgid ""
#| "When you come to the Internet armed with an all-rights-reserved mentality "
"ditt."
#. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><sect1><para><footnote><para>
-#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:1878
+#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:1991
#, fuzzy
msgid "Doctorow, Information Doesn’t Want to Be Free, 38."
msgstr "Doctorow, Information Doesn’t Want to Be Free, 38."
#. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><sect1><para>
-#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:1874
+#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:1986
#, fuzzy
#| msgid ""
#| "Of course, it’s not that being discovered by people who like your work "
"kunstnerisk suksess</quote>.<placeholder type=\"footnote\" id=\"0\"/>"
#. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><sect1><para>
-#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:1882
+#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:1996
msgid ""
"Choosing not to spend time and energy restricting access to your work and "
"policing infringement also builds goodwill. Lumen Learning, a for-profit "
"velvilje i samfunnet."
#. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><sect1><para><footnote><para>
-#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:1900
+#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:2015
#, fuzzy
msgid "Bollier, Think Like a Commoner, 68."
msgstr "Bollier, Think Like a Commoner, 68."
#. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><sect1><para>
-#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:1893
+#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:2007
#, fuzzy
#| msgid ""
#| "It is not just that restricting access to your work may undermine your "
"id=\"0\"/>"
#. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><sect1><para>
-#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:1904
+#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:2020
msgid ""
"The fact that copying can carry criminal penalties undoubtedly deters "
"copying it, but copying with the click of a button is too easy and "
"delingen er fraværet av begrensninger for noens nyttegjørelse av materialet."
#. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><sect1><para>
-#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:1913
+#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:2029
#, fuzzy
#| msgid ""
#| "If you take some amount of copying and sharing your work as a given, you "
"for alle mulighetene deling brakte dem."
#. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><sect1><para><footnote><para>
-#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:1933
+#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:2050
msgid "Anderson, Free, 86."
msgstr "Anderson, Free, 86."
#. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><sect1><para>
-#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:1929
+#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:2045
#, fuzzy
#| msgid ""
#| "Being Made with Creative Commons means you stop thinking about ways to "
"lisenser viser at du har taket på Internett</quote>."
#. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><sect1><para><footnote><para>
-#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:1944
+#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:2063
#, fuzzy
msgid "Doctorow, Information Doesn’t Want to Be Free, 144."
msgstr "Doctorow, Information Doesn’t Want to Be Free, 144."
#. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><sect1><para>
-#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:1941
+#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:2059
msgid ""
"Cory Doctorow says it costs him nothing when other people make copies of his "
"work, and it opens the possibility that he might get something in return."
"annen måte."
#. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><sect1><para>
-#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:1954
+#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:2074
msgid ""
"There are all kinds of way to leverage the power of sharing and remix to "
"your benefit. Here are a few."
"fordel. Her er noen:"
#. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><sect1><sect2><title>
-#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:1958
+#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:2078
msgid "Use CC to grow a larger audience"
msgstr "Bruk CC for å finne et større publikum"
#. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><sect1><sect2><para>
-#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:1960
+#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:2080
#, fuzzy
#| msgid ""
#| "Putting a Creative Commons license on your content won’t make it "
"quote> betyr), hvilket tror du det er mer sannsynlig at folk deler?"
#. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><sect1><sect2><para>
-#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:1972
+#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:2092
msgid ""
"The Conversation is an online news site with in-depth articles written by "
"academics who are experts on particular topics. All of the articles are CC-"
"akademiske forfattere som ønsker å nå så mange lesere som mulig."
#. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><sect1><sect2><para><footnote><para>
-#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:1989
+#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:2110
#, fuzzy
msgid "Anderson, Free, 123."
msgstr "Anderson, Free, 123."
#. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><sect1><sect2><para>
-#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:1981
+#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:2101
#, fuzzy
#| msgid ""
#| "The idea that more eyeballs equates with more success is a form of the "
"lisensiering innholdet enda mer tilgjengelig, og sannsynligvis spredt."
#. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><sect1><sect2><para><footnote><para>
-#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:2003
+#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:2126
msgid "Ibid., 132."
msgstr "Ibid., 132."
#. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><sect1><sect2><para><footnote><para>
-#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:2008
+#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:2133
msgid "Ibid., 70."
msgstr "Ibid., 70."
#. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><sect1><sect2><para>
-#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:1998
+#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:2120
msgid ""
"If you are successful in reaching more users, readers, listeners, or other "
"consumers of your work, you can start to benefit from the bandwagon effect. "
"nytteverdi.<placeholder type=\"footnote\" id=\"1\"/>"
#. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><sect1><sect2><title>
-#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:2013
+#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:2139
msgid "Use CC to get attribution and name recognition"
msgstr "Bruk av CC for å få henvisninger og anerkjennelse"
#. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><sect1><sect2><para><footnote><para>
-#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:2027
+#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:2154
#, fuzzy
#| msgid ""
#| "James Surowiecki, The Wisdom of Crowds (New York: Anchor Books, 2005), "
"er sjeldenheten av deres anvendelse.</quote>"
#. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><sect1><sect2><para>
-#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:2015
+#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:2141
msgid ""
"Every Creative Commons license requires that credit be given to the author, "
"and that reusers supply a link back to the original source of the material. "
"som å gi henvisning."
#. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><sect1><sect2><para>
-#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:2038
+#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:2166
msgid ""
"The fact that the name of the creator follows a CC-licensed work makes the "
"licenses an important means to develop a reputation or, in corporate speak, "
"arbeide."
#. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><sect1><sect2><para>
-#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:2052
+#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:2180
msgid ""
"Attribution can be about more than just receiving credit. It can also be "
"about establishing provenance. People naturally want to know where content "
"designet blir en spesiell del av produktet."
#. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><sect1><sect2><para>
-#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:2067
+#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:2195
msgid ""
"Knowing the source of a work is also critical to ensuring its credibility. "
"Just as a trademark is designed to give consumers a way to identify the "
"det å være en pålitelig informasjonskilde mer verdifullt enn noensinne."
#. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><sect1><sect2><title>
-#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:2077
+#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:2205
msgid "Use CC-licensed content as a marketing tool"
msgstr "Å bruke CC-lisensiert innhold som markedsføringsverktøy"
#. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><sect1><sect2><para>
-#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:2079
+#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:2207
#, fuzzy
msgid ""
"As we will cover in more detail later, many endeavors that are Made with "
"CC-innholdet trekke folk til dine andre produkter eller tjenester."
#. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><sect1><sect2><para><footnote><para>
-#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:2101
+#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:2230
#, fuzzy
msgid "Anderson, Free, 44."
msgstr "Anderson, Free, 44."
#. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><sect1><sect2><para>
-#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:2088
+#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:2216
msgid ""
"Knowledge Unlatched’s Pinter told us she has seen time and again how "
"offering CC-licensed content—that is, digitally for free—actually increases "
"en form for markedsføring."
#. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><sect1><sect2><para>
-#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:2105
+#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:2235
msgid ""
"In some cases, endeavors that are Made with Creative Commons do not even "
"need dedicated marketing teams or marketing budgets. Cards Against Humanity "
"dermed OpenStax-lærebøker)."
#. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><sect1><sect2><title>
-#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:2122
+#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:2252
msgid "Use CC to enable hands-on engagement with your work"
msgstr ""
"Bruk av CC til å aktivere egenhendig engasjement, altså aktiv deltakelse i "
"og med arbeidet ditt"
#. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><sect1><sect2><para>
-#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:2125
+#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:2255
msgid ""
"The great promise of Creative Commons licensing is that it signifies an "
"embrace of remix culture. Indeed, this is the great promise of digital "
"i skapende arbeid."
#. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><sect1><sect2><para><footnote><para>
-#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:2139
+#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:2270
#, fuzzy
msgid "Osterwalder and Pigneur, Business Model Generation, 23."
msgstr "Osterwalder og Pigneur, Business Model Generation, 23."
#. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><sect1><sect2><para>
-#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:2132
+#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:2262
msgid ""
"Four of the six CC licenses enable reusers to take apart, build upon, or "
"otherwise adapt the work. Depending on the context, adaptation can mean "
"viktig."
#. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><sect1><sect2><para><footnote><para>
-#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:2152
+#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:2285
#, fuzzy
msgid "Anderson, Free, 67."
msgstr "Anderson, Free, 67."
#. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><sect1><sect2><para><footnote><para>
-#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:2157
+#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:2292
#, fuzzy
msgid "Ibid., 58."
msgstr "Ibid., 58."
#. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><sect1><sect2><para><footnote><para>
-#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:2160
+#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:2297
#, fuzzy
msgid "Anderson, Makers, 71."
msgstr "Anderson, Makers, 71."
#. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><sect1><sect2><para><footnote><para>
-#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:2165
+#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:2304
#, fuzzy
msgid ""
"Clay Shirky, Cognitive Surplus: How Technology Makes Consumers into "
"Collaborators (London: Penguin Books, 2010), 78."
#. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><sect1><sect2><para>
-#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:2147
+#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:2279
#, fuzzy
#| msgid ""
#| "This is a way to counteract a potential downside of the abundance of free "
"\"3\"/>"
#. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><sect1><sect2><para><footnote><para>
-#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:2178
+#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:2319
#, fuzzy
msgid "Ibid., 21."
msgstr "Ibid., 21."
#. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><sect1><sect2><para>
-#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:2171
+#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:2311
msgid ""
"Actively engaging with the content helps us avoid the type of aimless "
"consumption that anyone who has absentmindedly scrolled through their social-"
"arbeidet ditt."
#. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><sect1><sect2><title>
-#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:2184
+#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:2326
msgid "Use CC to differentiate yourself"
msgstr "Bruk av CC for å skille seg ut"
#. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><sect1><sect2><para><footnote><para>
-#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:2193
+#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:2336
msgid "Doctorow, Information Doesn’t Want to Be Free, 43."
msgstr "Doctorow, Information Doesn’t Want to Be Free, 43."
#. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><sect1><sect2><para>
-#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:2186
+#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:2328
#, fuzzy
#| msgid ""
#| "Operating under a traditional copyright regime usually means operating "
"David. <quote>Reglene for engasjement må endres</quote>."
#. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><sect1><title>
-#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:2205
+#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:2349
msgid "Making Money"
msgstr "Å tjene penger"
#. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><sect1><para><footnote><para>
-#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:2215
+#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:2360
#, fuzzy
#| msgid ""
#| "William Landes Foster, Peter Kim, and Barbara Christiansen, “Ten "
"\"http://ssir.org/articles/entry/ten_nonprofit_funding_models\"/>."
#. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><sect1><para>
-#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:2207
+#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:2351
msgid ""
"Like any moneymaking endeavor, those that are Made with Creative Commons "
"have to generate some type of value for their audience or customers. "
"markedstransaksjoner, gir mottakeren penger i forståelse av gjensidighet."
#. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><sect1><para><footnote><para>
-#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:2236
+#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:2383
msgid "Shirky, Cognitive Surplus, 111."
msgstr "Shirky, Cognitive Surplus, 111."
#. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><sect1><para>
-#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:2228
+#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:2374
#, fuzzy
#| msgid ""
#| "Most who are Made with Creative Commons use a variety of methods to bring "
"\" id=\"0\"/>"
#. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><sect1><para>
-#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:2240
+#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:2388
msgid ""
"Our case studies explore in more detail the various revenue-generating "
"mechanisms used by the creators, organizations, and businesses we "
"abstraksjonsnivå, kan være lærerikt."
#. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><sect1><sect2><title>
-#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:2249
+#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:2397
msgid "Market-based revenue streams"
msgstr "Markedsbaserte inntektsstrømmer"
#. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><sect1><sect2><para><footnote><para>
-#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:2254
+#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:2403
msgid "Osterwalder and Pigneur, Business Model Generation, 30."
msgstr "Osterwalder og Pigneur, Business Model Generation, 30."
#. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><sect1><sect2><para><footnote><para>
-#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:2261
+#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:2412
msgid ""
"Jim Whitehurst, The Open Organization: Igniting Passion and Performance "
"(Boston: Harvard Business Review Press, 2015), 202."
"(Boston: Harvard Business Review Press, 2015), 202."
#. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><sect1><sect2><para>
-#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:2251
+#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:2399
msgid ""
"In the market, the central question when determining how to bring in revenue "
"is what value people are willing to pay for.<placeholder type=\"footnote\" "
"type=\"footnote\" id=\"1\"/>"
#. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><sect1><sect2><para><footnote><para>
-#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:2277
+#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:2430
msgid "Anderson, Free, 71."
msgstr "Anderson, Free, 71."
#. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><sect1><sect2><para>
-#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:2267
+#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:2419
#, fuzzy
#| msgid ""
#| "In many ways, this is the way of the future for all content-driven "
"quote>."
#. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><sect1><sect2><para><footnote><para>
-#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:2296
+#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:2451
msgid "Ibid., 231."
msgstr "Ibid., 231."
#. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><sect1><sect2><para>
-#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:2286
+#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:2440
#, fuzzy
#| msgid ""
#| "Of course, this doesn’t mean that content-driven endeavors have no future "
"<placeholder type=\"footnote\" id=\"0\"/>"
#. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><sect1><sect2><para>
-#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:2300
+#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:2456
msgid ""
"In light of this reality, in some ways endeavors that are Made with Creative "
"Commons are at a level playing field with all content-based endeavors in the "
"Creative Commons."
#. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><sect1><sect2><para>
-#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:2309
+#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:2465
msgid ""
"For content creators and distributors, there are nearly infinite ways to "
"provide value to the consumers of your work, above and beyond the value that "
"tjenester."
#. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><sect1><sect2><para>
-#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:2316
+#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:2472
msgid "Here are the most common high-level categories."
msgstr "Her er de vanligste høynivå kategoriene."
#. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><sect1><sect2><title>
-#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:2320
+#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:2476
msgid ""
"Providing a custom service to consumers of your work <emphasis>[MARKET-"
"BASED]</emphasis>"
"<emphasis>[MARKEDSBASERT]</emphasis>"
#. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><sect1><sect2><para><footnote><para>
-#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:2330
+#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:2487
msgid "Ibid., 97."
msgstr "Ibid., 97."
#. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><sect1><sect2><para>
-#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:2323
+#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:2479
#, fuzzy
#| msgid ""
#| "In this age of information abundance, we don’t lack for content. The "
"skreddersydde sangtilbudet fra Jonathan <quote>Song-A-Day</quote> Mann."
#. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><sect1><sect2><title>
-#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:2338
+#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:2496
msgid "Charging for the physical copy <emphasis>[MARKET-BASED]</emphasis>"
msgstr ""
"Å ta betalt for den fysiske kopien <emphasis>[MARKEDSBASERT]</emphasis>"
#. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><sect1><sect2><para><footnote><para>
-#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:2345
+#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:2504
msgid "Anderson, Makers, 107."
msgstr "Anderson, Makers, 107."
#. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><sect1><sect2><para>
-#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:2341
+#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:2499
msgid ""
"In his book about maker culture, Anderson characterizes this model as giving "
"away the bits and selling the atoms (where bits refers to digital content "
"andre tradisjonelle forretningsprinsipper."
#. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><sect1><sect2><title>
-#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:2369
+#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:2529
msgid "Charging for the in-person version <emphasis>[MARKET-BASED]</emphasis>"
msgstr ""
"Å ta betalt for en personlig versjon <emphasis>[MARKEDSBASERT]</emphasis>"
#. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><sect1><sect2><para>
-#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:2372
+#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:2532
msgid ""
"As anyone who has ever gone to a concert will tell you, experiencing "
"creativity in person is a completely different experience from consuming a "
"et tale- eller opplæringskurs."
#. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><sect1><sect2><title>
-#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:2383
+#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:2543
msgid "Selling merchandise <emphasis>[MARKET-BASED]</emphasis>"
msgstr "Å selge handelsvarer <emphasis>[MARKEDSBASERT]</emphasis>"
#. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><sect1><sect2><para>
-#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:2386
+#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:2546
msgid ""
"In many cases, people who like your work will pay for products demonstrating "
"a connection to your work. As a child of the 1980s, I can personally attest "
"viktig inntektskilde for museer og gallerier."
#. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><sect1><sect2><para><footnote><para>
-#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:2403
+#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:2564
msgid "Osterwalder and Pigneur, Business Model Generation, 89."
msgstr "Osterwalder og Pigneur, Business Model Generation, 89."
#. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><sect1><sect2><para>
-#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:2393
+#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:2553
msgid ""
"Sometimes the way to find a market-based revenue stream is by providing "
"value to people other than those who consume your CC-licensed content. In "
"å betale for, du kan også levere andre tjenester."
#. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><sect1><sect2><title>
-#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:2410
+#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:2572
msgid "Charging advertisers or sponsors <emphasis>[MARKET-BASED]</emphasis>"
msgstr ""
"Ta betalt fra annonsører og sponsorer <emphasis>[MARKEDSBASERT]</emphasis>"
#. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><sect1><sect2><para><footnote><para>
-#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:2418
+#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:2581
msgid "Ibid., 92."
msgstr "Ibid., 92."
#. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><sect1><sect2><para><footnote><para>
-#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:2422
+#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:2587
msgid "Anderson, Free, 142."
msgstr "Anderson, Free, 142."
#. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><sect1><sect2><para>
-#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:2413
+#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:2575
msgid ""
"The traditional model of subsidizing free content is advertising. In this "
"version of multi-sided platforms, advertisers pay for the opportunity to "
"sponsor av et bestemt innhold, prosjekter eller oppgaven som sådan."
#. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><sect1><sect2><title>
-#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:2431
+#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:2597
msgid "Charging your content creators <emphasis>[MARKET-BASED]</emphasis>"
msgstr ""
"Betaling fra dine innholdsleverandører <emphasis>[MARKEDSBASERT]</emphasis>"
#. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><sect1><sect2><para>
-#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:2434
+#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:2600
#, fuzzy
#| msgid ""
#| "Another type of multisided platform is where the content creators "
"fakultetene kan ha forfattere som leverer innhold til Conversations nettside."
#. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><sect1><sect2><title>
-#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:2448
+#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:2614
msgid "Charging a transaction fee <emphasis>[MARKET-BASED]</emphasis>"
msgstr "Transaksjonsgebyr <emphasis>[MARKEDSBASERT]</emphasis>"
#. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><sect1><sect2><para><footnote><para>
-#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:2453
+#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:2620
msgid "Osterwalder and Pigneur, Business Model Generation, 32."
msgstr "Osterwalder og Pigneur, Business Model Generation, 32."
#. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><sect1><sect2><para>
-#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:2451
+#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:2617
msgid ""
"This is a version of a traditional business model based on brokering "
"transactions between parties.<placeholder type=\"footnote\" id=\"0\"/> "
"på plattformen."
#. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><sect1><sect2><title>
-#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:2465
+#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:2633
msgid ""
"Providing a service to your creators <emphasis>[MARKET-BASED]</emphasis>"
msgstr ""
"emphasis>"
#. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><sect1><sect2><para>
-#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:2468
+#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:2636
msgid ""
"As mentioned above, endeavors can make money by providing customized "
"services to their users. Platforms can undertake a variation of this service "
"dataene de bidrar med til plattformen mer synlige og gjenbrukbare."
#. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><sect1><sect2><title>
-#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:2478
+#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:2646
msgid "Licensing a trademark <emphasis>[MARKET-BASED]</emphasis>"
msgstr "Lisensiere et varemerke <emphasis>[MARKEDSBASERT]</emphasis>"
#. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><sect1><sect2><para>
-#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:2481
+#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:2649
msgid ""
"Finally, some that are Made with Creative Commons make money by selling use "
"of their trademarks. Well known brands that consumers associate with "
"fordelen av overfloden av CC-innhold."
#. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><sect1><sect2><title>
-#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:2493
+#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:2661
msgid "Reciprocity-based revenue streams"
msgstr "Gjensidighetsbaserte inntektsstrømmer"
#. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><sect1><sect2><para>
-#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:2495
+#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:2663
msgid ""
"Even if we set aside grant funding, we found that the traditional economic "
"framework of understanding the market failed to fully capture the ways the "
"om å tjene penger på knapphet."
#. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><sect1><sect2><para>
-#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:2502
+#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:2670
#, fuzzy
#| msgid ""
#| "Rather than devising a scheme to get people to pay money in exchange for "
"lik</quote>."
#. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><sect1><sect2><para>
-#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:2515
+#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:2683
#, fuzzy
#| msgid ""
#| "This should be a familiar dynamic—it is the way you deal with your "
"hjelper menneskeheten i sin overlevelse og utvikling</quote>."
#. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><sect1><sect2><para><footnote><para>
-#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:2525
+#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:2694
msgid "Bollier, Think Like a Commoner, 150."
msgstr "Bollier, Think Like a Commoner, 150."
#. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><sect1><sect2><para><footnote><para>
-#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:2529
+#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:2700
msgid "Ibid., 134."
msgstr "Ibid., 134."
#. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><sect1><sect2><para>
-#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:2523
+#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:2691
msgid ""
"What is rare is to incorporate this sort of relationship into an endeavor "
"that also engages with the market.<placeholder type=\"footnote\" id=\"0\"/> "
"verdi.<placeholder type=\"footnote\" id=\"1\"/>"
#. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><sect1><sect2><title>
-#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:2534
+#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:2706
msgid ""
"Memberships and individual donations <emphasis>[RECIPROCITY-BASED]</emphasis>"
msgstr ""
"emphasis>"
#. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><sect1><sect2><para>
-#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:2537
+#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:2709
msgid ""
"While memberships and donations are traditional nonprofit funding models, in "
"the Made with Creative Commons context, they are directly tied to the "
"denne strategien lykkes."
#. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><sect1><sect2><title>
-#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:2553
+#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:2725
msgid "The pay-what-you-want model <emphasis>[RECIPROCITY-BASED]</emphasis>"
msgstr "Betal-hva-du-vil-modellen <emphasis>[GJENSIDIGHETSBASERT]</emphasis>"
#. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><sect1><sect2><para>
-#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:2556
+#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:2728
#, fuzzy
#| msgid ""
#| "In the pay-what-you-want model, the beneficiary of Creative Commons "
"på ."
#. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><sect1><sect2><title>
-#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:2569
+#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:2741
msgid "Crowdfunding <emphasis>[RECIPROCITY-BASED]</emphasis>"
msgstr "Folkefinansiering <emphasis>[GJENSIDIGHETSBASERT]</emphasis>"
#. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><sect1><sect2><para>
-#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:2572
+#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:2744
#, fuzzy
#| msgid ""
#| "Crowdfunding models are based on recouping the costs of creating and "
"Selvfølgelig</quote>."
#. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><sect1><sect2><para>
-#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:2590
+#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:2762
msgid ""
"Other types of crowdfunding rely on a sense of responsibility that a "
"particular community may feel. Knowledge Unlatched pools funds from major U."
"biblioteksamfunnet, og ideen om åpen tilgang generelt."
#. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><sect1><title>
-#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:2601
+#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:2773
msgid "Making Human Connections"
msgstr "Å bygge menneskelige forbindelser"
#. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><sect1><para>
-#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:2603
+#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:2775
#, fuzzy
#| msgid ""
#| "Regardless of how they made money, in our interviews, we repeatedly heard "
"Commons."
#. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><sect1><para>
-#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:2620
+#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:2792
#, fuzzy
#| msgid ""
#| "Nearly every endeavor we profiled relied, at least in part, on people "
"personlige og kreative forbindelser med folk som verdsetter det de gjør."
#. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><sect1><para>
-#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:2628
+#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:2800
msgid ""
"It took me a very long time to see how this avoidance of thinking about what "
"they do in pure market terms was deeply tied to being Made with Creative "
"rene markedstermer, var sterkt knyttet til Made with Creative Commons."
#. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><sect1><para>
-#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:2633
+#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:2805
msgid ""
"I came to the research with preconceived notions about what Creative Commons "
"is and what it means to be Made with Creative Commons. It turned out I was "
"feil på så mange punkter."
#. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><sect1><para>
-#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:2638
+#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:2810
msgid ""
"Obviously, being Made with Creative Commons means using Creative Commons "
"licenses. That much I knew. But in our interviews, people spoke of so much "
"utvide synsfeltet."
#. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><sect1><para>
-#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:2649
+#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:2821
msgid ""
"Being Made with Creative Commons is not just about the simple act of "
"licensing a copyrighted work under a set of standardized terms, but also "
"hverandre."
#. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><sect1><para>
-#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:2663
+#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:2835
msgid ""
"The rest of this section will explore some of the common strategies that "
"creators, companies, and organizations use to remind us that there are "
"deling virkelig ser ut."
#. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><sect1><sect2><title>
-#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:2670
+#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:2842
msgid "Be human"
msgstr "Vær menneskelig"
#. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><sect1><sect2><para><footnote><para>
-#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:2674
+#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:2847
msgid ""
"Dan Ariely, Predictably Irrational: The Hidden Forces That Shape Our "
"Decisions, rev. ed. (New York: Harper Perennial, 2010), 109."
"Decisions, rev. ed. (New York: Harper Perennial, 2010), 109."
#. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><sect1><sect2><para>
-#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:2672
+#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:2844
msgid ""
"Humans are social animals, which means we are naturally inclined to treat "
"each other well.<placeholder type=\"footnote\" id=\"0\"/> But the further "
"kan det også gjøre det lett å glemme at vi arbeider med et annet menneske."
#. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><sect1><sect2><para><footnote><para>
-#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:2698
+#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:2873
msgid ""
"Austin Kleon, Show Your Work: 10 Ways to Share Your Creativity and Get "
"Discovered (New York: Workman, 2014), 93."
"Discovered (New York: Workman, 2014), 93."
#. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><sect1><sect2><para>
-#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:2685
+#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:2859
#, fuzzy
#| msgid ""
#| "To counteract the anonymous and impersonal tendencies of how we operate "
"<placeholder type=\"footnote\" id=\"0\"/>"
#. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><sect1><sect2><para>
-#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:2704
+#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:2880
#, fuzzy
#| msgid ""
#| "A critical component to doing this effectively is not worrying about "
"fall ikke på en meningsfull måte."
#. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><sect1><sect2><para><footnote><para>
-#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:2725
+#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:2902
msgid "Kramer, Shareology, 76."
msgstr "Kramer, Shareology, 76."
#. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><sect1><sect2><para>
-#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:2717
+#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:2893
#, fuzzy
#| msgid ""
#| "This advice is probably even more important for businesses and "
"Du kan ikke forfalske det å være menneske."
#. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><sect1><sect2><title>
-#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:2731
+#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:2909
msgid "Be open and accountable"
msgstr "Vær åpen og ansvarlig"
#. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><sect1><sect2><para><footnote><para>
-#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:2740
+#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:2919
msgid "Palmer, Art of Asking, 252."
msgstr "Palmer, Art of Asking, 252."
#. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><sect1><sect2><para><footnote><para>
-#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:2745
+#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:2926
msgid "Whitehurst, Open Organization, 145."
msgstr "Whitehurst, Open Organization, 145."
#. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><sect1><sect2><para>
-#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:2733
+#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:2911
#, fuzzy
#| msgid ""
#| "Transparency helps people understand who you are and why you do what you "
"<placeholder type=\"footnote\" id=\"1\"/>"
#. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><sect1><sect2><para><footnote><para>
-#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:2754
+#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:2937
msgid "Surowiecki, Wisdom of Crowds, 203."
msgstr "Surowiecki, Wisdom of Crowds, 203."
#. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><sect1><sect2><para><footnote><para>
-#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:2761
+#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:2946
msgid "Whitehurst, Open Organization, 80."
msgstr "Whitehurst, Open Organization, 80."
#. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><sect1><sect2><para>
-#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:2749
+#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:2931
msgid ""
"Being accountable does not mean operating on consensus. According to James "
"Surowiecki, consensus-driven groups tend to resort to lowest-common-"
"måte å få folk involvert og investert i det du gjør."
#. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><sect1><sect2><title>
-#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:2769
+#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:2955
msgid "Design for the good actors"
msgstr "Design for de gode aktører"
#. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><sect1><sect2><para><footnote><para>
-#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:2773
+#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:2960
msgid "Bollier, Think Like a Commoner, 25."
msgstr "Bollier, Think Like a Commoner, 25."
#. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><sect1><sect2><para><footnote><para>
-#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:2778
+#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:2967
msgid "Ibid., 31."
msgstr "Ibid., 31."
#. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><sect1><sect2><para>
-#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:2771
+#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:2957
#, fuzzy
#| msgid ""
#| "Traditional economics assumes people make decisions based solely on their "
"Commons-design er for de gode aktørene."
#. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><sect1><sect2><para><footnote><para>
-#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:2797
+#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:2988
msgid "Shirky, Cognitive Surplus, 112."
msgstr "Shirky, Cognitive Surplus, 112."
#. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><sect1><sect2><para>
-#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:2791
+#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:2981
#, fuzzy
#| msgid ""
#| "The assumption that people will largely do the right thing can be a self-"
"som stimulerer og fremhever våre sosiale instinkter."
#. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><sect1><sect2><para><footnote><para>
-#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:2815
+#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:3008
msgid "Surowiecki, Wisdom of Crowds, 124."
msgstr "Surowiecki, Wisdom of Crowds, 124."
#. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><sect1><sect2><para>
-#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:2804
+#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:2996
#, fuzzy
#| msgid ""
#| "Rather than trying to exert control over people’s behavior, this mode of "
"av dem.<placeholder type=\"footnote\" id=\"0\"/> Som oftest gjør de det."
#. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><sect1><sect2><title>
-#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:2820
+#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:3014
msgid "Treat humans like, well, humans"
msgstr "Å behandle mennesker som, vel, mennesker"
#. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><sect1><sect2><para><footnote><para>
-#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:2825
+#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:3020
msgid "Kleon, Show Your Work, 127."
msgstr "Kleon, Show Your Work, 127."
#. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><sect1><sect2><para><footnote><para>
-#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:2833
+#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:3030
msgid "Palmer, Art of Asking, 121."
msgstr "Palmer, Art of Asking, 121."
#. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><sect1><sect2><para>
-#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:2822
+#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:3016
msgid ""
"For creators, treating people as humans means not treating them like fans. "
"As Kleon says, <quote>If you want fans, you have to be a fan first.</"
"<placeholder type=\"footnote\" id=\"1\"/>"
#. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><sect1><sect2><para>
-#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:2837
+#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:3035
msgid ""
"The same idea goes for businesses and organizations. Rather than automating "
"its customer service, the music platform Tribe of Noise makes a point to "
"med brukere."
#. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><sect1><sect2><para><footnote><para>
-#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:2848
+#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:3047
msgid "Ariely, Predictably Irrational, 87."
msgstr "Ariely, Predictably Irrational, 87."
#. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><sect1><sect2><para><footnote><para>
-#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:2858
+#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:3059
msgid "Ibid., 105."
msgstr "Ibid., 105."
#. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><sect1><sect2><para>
-#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:2843
+#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:3041
msgid ""
"When we treat people like humans, they typically return the gift in kind. "
"It’s called karma. But social relationships are fragile. It is all too easy "
"dramatisk endre dynamikken.<placeholder type=\"footnote\" id=\"1\"/>"
#. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><sect1><sect2><title>
-#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:2863
+#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:3065
msgid "State your principles and stick to them"
msgstr "Legg frem dine prinsipper og hold deg til dem"
#. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><sect1><sect2><para>
-#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:2865
+#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:3067
msgid ""
"Being Made with Creative Commons makes a statement about who you are and "
"what you do. The symbolism is powerful. Using Creative Commons licenses "
"separate sosiale oppgave. Ofte begge."
#. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><sect1><sect2><para>
-#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:2877
+#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:3079
msgid ""
"The expression of your values doesn’t have to be implicit. In fact, many of "
"the people we interviewed talked about how important it is to state your "
"arbeider."
#. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><sect1><sect2><para><footnote><para>
-#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:2892
+#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:3095
msgid "Ibid., 36."
msgstr "Ibid., 36."
#. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><sect1><sect2><para>
-#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:2888
+#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:3090
msgid ""
"When your end goal is not about making a profit, people trust that you "
"aren’t just trying to extract value for your own gain. People notice when "
"bygger tillit."
#. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><sect1><sect2><title>
-#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:2898
+#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:3102
msgid "Build a community"
msgstr "Å bygge et fellesskap"
#. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><sect1><sect2><para><footnote><para>
-#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:2906
+#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:3111
msgid ""
"Jono Bacon, The Art of Community, 2nd ed. (Sebastopol, CA: O’Reilly Media, "
"2012), 36."
"2012), 36."
#. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><sect1><sect2><para>
-#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:2900
+#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:3104
msgid ""
"Endeavors that are Made with Creative Commons thrive when community is built "
"around what they do. This may mean a community collaborating together to "
"symboliseres ved å bruke CC."
#. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><sect1><sect2><para><footnote><para>
-#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:2922
+#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:3129
msgid "Palmer, Art of Asking, 98."
msgstr "Palmer, Art of Asking, 98."
#. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><sect1><sect2><para><footnote><para>
-#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:2929
+#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:3138
msgid "Whitehurst, Open Organization, 34."
msgstr "Whitehurst, Open Organization, 34."
#. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><sect1><sect2><para>
-#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:2914
+#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:3120
#, fuzzy
#| msgid ""
#| "To be sustainable, though, you have to work to nurture community. People "
"organisasjoner</quote>.<placeholder type=\"footnote\" id=\"1\"/>"
#. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><sect1><sect2><para><footnote><para>
-#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:2941
+#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:3152
msgid "Surowiecki, Wisdom of Crowds, 200."
msgstr "Surowiecki, Wisdom of Crowds, 200."
#. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><sect1><sect2><para><footnote><para>
-#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:2945
+#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:3158
msgid "Bollier, Think Like a Commoner, 29."
msgstr "Bollier, Think Like a Commoner, 29."
#. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><sect1><sect2><para>
-#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:2933
+#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:3143
#, fuzzy
#| msgid ""
#| "Communities that collaborate together take deliberate planning. "
"tilbaketrekning."
#. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><sect1><sect2><para>
-#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:2951
+#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:3165
msgid ""
"Community takes work, but working together, or even simply being connected "
"around common interests or values, is in many ways what sharing is about."
"deling betyr."
#. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><sect1><sect2><title>
-#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:2957
+#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:3171
msgid "Give more to the commons than you take"
msgstr "Gi mer til fellesskapet enn du tar"
#. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><sect1><sect2><para><footnote><para>
-#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:2968
+#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:3183
#, fuzzy
#| msgid ""
#| "Giana Eckhardt and Fleura Bardhi, “The Sharing Economy Isn’t about "
"\"http://hbr.org/2015/01/the-sharing-economy-isnt-about-sharing-at-all\"/>."
#. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><sect1><sect2><para><footnote><para>
-#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:2976
+#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:3193
msgid ""
"Lisa Gansky, The Mesh: Why the Future of Business Is Sharing, reprint with "
"new epilogue (New York: Portfolio, 2012)."
"ny epolog (New York: Portfolio, 2012)."
#. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><sect1><sect2><para>
-#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:2959
+#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:3173
#, fuzzy
#| msgid ""
#| "Conventional wisdom in the marketplace dictates that people should try to "
"deling."
#. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><sect1><sect2><para><footnote><para>
-#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:2992
+#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:3211
#, fuzzy
#| msgid ""
#| "David Lee, “Inside Medium: An Attempt to Bring Civility to the Internet,” "
"technology-35709680\"/>."
#. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><sect1><sect2><para>
-#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:2982
+#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:3200
msgid ""
"Sharing requires adding as much or more value to the ecosystem than you "
"take. You can’t simply treat open content as a free pool of resources from "
"organisere og effektivt vise arbeidet deres på sin plattform."
#. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><sect1><sect2><para>
-#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:3001
+#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:3221
msgid ""
"In all cases, it is important to openly acknowledge the amount of value you "
"add versus that which you draw on that was created by others. Being "
"du leverer."
#. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><sect1><sect2><title>
-#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:3012
+#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:3232
msgid "Involve people in what you do"
msgstr "Involver folk i det du gjør"
#. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><sect1><sect2><para><footnote><para>
-#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:3017
+#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:3238
msgid "Anderson, Makers, 148."
msgstr "Anderson, Makers, 148."
#. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><sect1><sect2><para><footnote><para>
-#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:3021
+#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:3244
msgid "Shirky, Cognitive Surplus, 164."
msgstr "Shirky, Cognitive Surplus, 164."
#. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><sect1><sect2><para><footnote><para>
-#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:3028
-#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:3092
+#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:3253
+#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:3329
msgid "Whitehurst, foreword to Open Organization."
msgstr "Whitehurst, forord til Open Organization."
#. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><sect1><sect2><para>
-#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:3014
+#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:3234
msgid ""
"Thanks to the Internet, we can tap into the talents and expertise of people "
"around the globe. Chris Anderson calls it the Long Tail of talent."
"beslaglegge mye tid.<placeholder type=\"footnote\" id=\"2\"/>"
#. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><sect1><sect2><para><footnote><para>
-#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:3041
+#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:3268
msgid "Shirky, Cognitive Surplus, 144."
msgstr "Shirky, Cognitive Surplus, 144."
#. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><sect1><sect2><para>
-#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:3032
+#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:3258
msgid ""
"As the success of Wikipedia demonstrates, editing an online encyclopedia is "
"exactly the sort of activity that is perfect for massive co-creation because "
"<placeholder type=\"footnote\" id=\"0\"/>"
#. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><sect1><sect2><para><quote><footnote><para>
-#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:3053
+#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:3282
msgid "Ibid., 154."
msgstr "Ibid., 154."
#. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><sect1><sect2><para><footnote><para>
-#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:3065
+#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:3296
msgid "Palmer, Art of Asking, 163."
msgstr "Palmer, Art of Asking, 163."
#. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><sect1><sect2><para>
-#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:3045
+#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:3273
#, fuzzy
#| msgid ""
#| "It is easy to romanticize the opportunities for global cocreation made "
"individual creators, where the creative work is the basis for what they do, "
"community cocreation is only rarely a part of the picture. Even musician "
"Amanda Palmer, who is famous for her openness and involvement with her fans, "
-"said, “The only department where I wasn’t open to input was the writing, the "
-"
music itself.</quote><placeholder type=\"footnote\" id=\"1\"/>"
+"said,</quote>The only department where I wasn’t open to input was the "
+"
writing, the music itself.\"<placeholder type=\"footnote\" id=\"1\"/>"
msgstr ""
"Det er lett å romantisere mulighetene for en global samlet innsats gjort "
"mulig gjennom Internett, og faktisk, de vellykkede eksemplene på det er "
"id=\"1\"/>"
#. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><sect1><sect2><para><footnote><para>
-#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:3076
+#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:3309
msgid "Anderson, Makers, 173."
msgstr "Anderson, Makers, 173."
#. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><sect1><sect2><para><footnote><para>
-#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:3083
+#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:3318
msgid ""
"Tom Kelley and David Kelley, Creative Confidence: Unleashing the Potential "
"within Us All (New York: Crown, 2013), 82."
"within Us All (New York: Crown, 2013), 82."
#. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><sect1><sect2><para>
-#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:3069
+#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:3301
#, fuzzy
#| msgid ""
#| "While we tend to immediately think of cocreation and remixing when we "
"miljø der samarbeid blomstrer.<placeholder type=\"footnote\" id=\"1\"/>"
#. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><sect1><sect2><para><footnote><para>
-#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:3100
+#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:3339
msgid ""
"Rachel Botsman and Roo Rogers, What’s Mine Is Yours: The Rise of "
"Collaborative Consumption (New York: Harper Business, 2010), 188."
"Collaborative Consumption (New York: Harper Business, 2010), 188."
#. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><sect1><sect2><para>
-#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:3089
+#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:3325
msgid ""
"There is no one way to involve people in what you do. They key is finding a "
"way for people to contribute on their terms, compelled by their own "
"\"1\"/>"
#. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><title>
-#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:3109
+#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:3350
msgid "The Creative Commons Licenses"
msgstr "Creative Commons-lisensene"
#. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para>
-#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:3111
+#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:3352
msgid ""
"All of the Creative Commons licenses grant a basic set of permissions. At a "
"minimum, a CC- licensed work can be copied and shared in its original form "
"patenter eller varemerker."
#. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para>
-#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:3125
+#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:3366
msgid "Here are the six licenses:"
msgstr "Her er de seks lisensene:"
#. type: Attribute 'fileref' of: <book><part><chapter><para><inlinemediaobject><imageobject><imagedata>
-#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:3130
+#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:3371
msgid "Pictures/10000201000001930000008D83BF99FC0821C489.png"
msgstr "Pictures/10000201000001930000008D83BF99FC0821C489.png"
#. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para>
-#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:3128
-#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:3142
-#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:3158
-#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:3170
-#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:3183
-#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:3196
-#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:3216
-#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:3228
+#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:3369
+#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:3383
+#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:3399
+#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:3411
+#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:3424
+#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:3437
+#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:3457
+#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:3469
#, fuzzy
#| msgid "<placeholder type=\"mediaobject\" id=\"0\"/>"
msgid "<placeholder type=\"inlinemediaobject\" id=\"0\"/>"
msgstr "<placeholder type=\"mediaobject\" id=\"0\"/>"
#. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para>
-#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:3135
+#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:3376
msgid ""
"The Attribution license (CC BY) lets others distribute, remix, tweak, and "
"build upon your work, even commercially, as long as they credit you for the "
"tilbys. Anbefalt for maksimal spredning og bruk av lisensiert materiale."
#. type: Attribute 'fileref' of: <book><part><chapter><para><inlinemediaobject><imageobject><imagedata>
-#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:3144
+#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:3385
msgid "Pictures/10000201000001930000008DFD3592CB17C4EC38.png"
msgstr "Pictures/10000201000001930000008DFD3592CB17C4EC38.png"
#. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para>
-#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:3149
+#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:3390
#, fuzzy
#| msgid ""
#| "The Attribution-Share-Alike license (CC BY-SA) lets others remix, tweak, "
"bruk."
#. type: Attribute 'fileref' of: <book><part><chapter><para><inlinemediaobject><imageobject><imagedata>
-#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:3160
+#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:3401
msgid "Pictures/10000201000001930000008D254882DE24793FEA.png"
msgstr "Pictures/10000201000001930000008D254882DE24793FEA.png"
#. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para>
-#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:3165
+#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:3406
msgid ""
"The Attribution-NoDerivs license (CC BY-ND) allows for redistribution, "
"commercial and noncommercial, as long as it is passed along unchanged with "
"kreditert deg."
#. type: Attribute 'fileref' of: <book><part><chapter><para><inlinemediaobject><imageobject><imagedata>
-#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:3172
+#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:3413
msgid "Pictures/10000201000001930000008DCAF78FB61D1CBDA6.png"
msgstr "Pictures/10000201000001930000008DCAF78FB61D1CBDA6.png"
#. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para>
-#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:3177
+#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:3418
msgid ""
"The Attribution-NonCommercial license (CC BY-NC) lets others remix, tweak, "
"and build upon your work noncommercially. Although their new works must also "
"på samme vilkår."
#. type: Attribute 'fileref' of: <book><part><chapter><para><inlinemediaobject><imageobject><imagedata>
-#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:3185
+#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:3426
msgid "Pictures/10000201000001930000008D16DA603376395620.png"
msgstr "Pictures/10000201000001930000008D16DA603376395620.png"
#. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para>
-#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:3190
+#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:3431
msgid ""
"The Attribution-NonCommercial-ShareAlike license (CC BY-NC-SA) lets others "
"remix, tweak, and build upon your work noncommercially, as long as they "
"krediterer deg, og lisensierer sine nye arbeider på samme vilkår."
#. type: Attribute 'fileref' of: <book><part><chapter><para><inlinemediaobject><imageobject><imagedata>
-#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:3198
+#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:3439
msgid "Pictures/10000201000001930000008DC3FEF92B21310965.png"
msgstr "Pictures/10000201000001930000008DC3FEF92B21310965.png"
#. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para>
-#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:3203
+#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:3444
msgid ""
"The Attribution-NonCommercial-NoDerivs license (CC BY-NC-ND) is the most "
"restrictive of our six main licenses, only allowing others to download your "
"ikke endre dem eller bruke dem kommersielt."
#. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para>
-#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:3210
+#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:3451
msgid ""
"In addition to these six licenses, Creative Commons has two public-domain "
"tools—one for creators and the other for those who manage collections of "
"har utløpt:"
#. type: Attribute 'fileref' of: <book><part><chapter><para><inlinemediaobject><imageobject><imagedata>
-#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:3218
+#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:3459
msgid "Pictures/10000201000001900000008DBE3414994CD27786.png"
msgstr "Pictures/10000201000001900000008DBE3414994CD27786.png"
#. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para>
-#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:3223
+#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:3464
#, fuzzy
#| msgid ""
#| "CC0 enables authors and copyright owners to dedicate their works to the "
"rettigheter reservert</quote>)."
#. type: Attribute 'fileref' of: <book><part><chapter><para><inlinemediaobject><imageobject><imagedata>
-#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:3230
+#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:3471
msgid "Pictures/10000201000001900000008D36DCD649C5B1411F.png"
msgstr "Pictures/10000201000001900000008D36DCD649C5B1411F.png"
#. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para>
-#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:3235
+#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:3476
msgid ""
"The Creative Commons Public Domain Mark facilitates the labeling and "
"discovery of works that are already free of known copyright restrictions."
"som allerede er fri for kjente opphavsrettsrestriksjoner."
#. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para>
-#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:3240
+#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:3481
msgid ""
"In our case studies, some use just one Creative Commons license, others use "
"several. Attribution (found in thirteen case studies) and Attribution-"
"forsterker de sitt engasjement og forpliktelse til å dele."
#. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para>
-#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:3251
+#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:3492
msgid ""
"There is a popular misconception that the three NonCommercial licenses "
"offered by CC are the only options for those who want to make money off "
"verket ditt."
#. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para>
-#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:3265
+#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:3506
msgid ""
"The decision to choose a NonCommercial and/or NoDerivs license comes down to "
"how much you need to retain control over the creative work. The "
"plateselskap ville oppdage arbeidet deres."
#. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para>
-#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:3278
+#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:3519
msgid ""
"Other times the decision to use a more restrictive license is due to a "
"concern about the integrity of the work. For example, the nonprofit "
"medisinske emnet er særlig viktig å få riktig."
#. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para>
-#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:3285
+#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:3526
msgid ""
"There is no one right way. The NonCommercial and NoDerivs restrictions "
"reflect the values and preferences of creators about how their creative work "
"på tvers av alle domener."
#. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para>
-#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:3297
+#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:3538
msgid "Note"
msgstr "Merk"
#. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para>
-#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:3300
+#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:3541
#, fuzzy
#| msgid ""
#| "For more about the licenses including examples and tips on sharing your "
msgid ""
"For more about the licenses including examples and tips on sharing your work "
"in the digital commons, start with the Creative Commons page called "
-"<quote>Share Your Work</quote> at <ulink url=\"http://creativecommons.org/"
-"share-your-work/\"/>."
+"<quote>Share Your Work</quote> at"
msgstr ""
"For mer om lisenser, inkludert eksempler og tips om deling av verkene dine i "
"den digitale allmenningen, start med Creative Commons-siden med tittelen "
"<quote>Del ditt verk</quote> på <ulink url=\"http://creativecommons.org/"
"share-your-work/\"/>."
+#. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para>
+#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:3546
+#, fuzzy
+#| msgid "<ulink url=\"http://theconversation.com/us/charter\"/>"
+msgid "<ulink url=\"http://creativecommons.org/share-your-work/\"/>."
+msgstr "<ulink url=\"http://theconversation.com/us/charter\"/>"
+
#. type: Content of: <book><part><title>
-#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:3308
+#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:3551
msgid "The Case Studies"
msgstr "Referansestudiene"
#. type: Content of: <book><part><partintro><para>
-#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:3311
+#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:3552
msgid ""
"The twenty-four case studies in this section were chosen from hundreds of "
"nominations received from Kickstarter backers, Creative Commons staff, and "
"ble valgt av oss."
#. type: Content of: <book><part><partintro><para>
-#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:3321
+#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:3561
msgid ""
"We did background research and conducted interviews for each case study, "
"based on the same set of basic questions about the endeavor. The idea for "
"det ble fortalt oss på av dem vi intervjuet."
#. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><title>
-#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:3329
+#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:3570
msgid "Arduino"
msgstr "Arduino"
#. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><blockquote><para>
-#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:3332
+#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:3573
msgid ""
"Arduino is a for-profit open-source electronics platform and computer "
"hardware and software company. Founded in 2005 in Italy."
"datautstyr og programvare. Grunnlagt i 2005 i Italia."
#. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><blockquote><para>
-#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:3337
+#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:3578
msgid "<ulink url=\"http://www.arduino.cc\"/>"
msgstr "<ulink url=\"http://www.arduino.cc\"/>"
#. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><blockquote><para>
-#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:3339
+#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:3581
msgid ""
"<emphasis role=\"strong\">Revenue model</emphasis>: charging for physical "
"copies (sales of boards, modules, shields, and kits), licensing a trademark "
"deres navn)"
#. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><blockquote><para>
-#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:3344
-#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:4195
+#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:3587
+#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:4468
msgid "<emphasis role=\"strong\">Interview date</emphasis>: February 4, 2016"
msgstr ""
"<emphasis role=\"strong\">Dato for intervju</emphasis>: 4. februar 2016"
#. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><blockquote><para>
-#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:3347
+#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:3591
msgid ""
"<emphasis role=\"strong\">Interviewees</emphasis>: David Cuartielles and Tom "
"Igoe, cofounders"
"Igoe, medgrunnleggere"
#. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><blockquote><para>
-#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:3351
-#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:4202
-#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:4638
-#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:4880
-#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:5162
-#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:5472
-#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:5985
-#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:6239
-#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:6561
-#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:6913
-#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:7457
-#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:7741
-#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:8211
-#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:8992
+#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:3595
+#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:4476
+#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:4923
+#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:5184
+#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:5489
+#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:5815
+#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:6342
+#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:6612
+#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:6958
+#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:7330
+#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:7895
+#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:8191
+#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:8688
+#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:9498
msgid "Profile written by Paul Stacey"
msgstr "Profilen skrevet av Paul Stacey"
#. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para>
-#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:3355
+#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:3599
msgid ""
"In 2005, at the Interaction Design Institute Ivrea in northern Italy, "
"teachers and students needed an easy way to use electronics and programming "
"lisens (CC BY-SA), og programvare med GNU General Public License."
#. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para>
-#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:3369
+#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:3613
msgid ""
"Arduino boards are able to read inputs—light on a sensor, a finger on a "
"button, or a Twitter message—and turn it into outputs—activating a motor, "
"kunst)."
#. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para>
-#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:3378
+#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:3623
#, fuzzy
#| msgid ""
#| "“The reasons for making Arduino open source are complicated,” Tom says. "
"til og med hadde tenkt å bygge</quote>."
#. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para>
-#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:3387
+#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:3632
#, fuzzy
#| msgid ""
#| "For Tom another factor was the impending closure of the Ivrea design "
"programvare gjør det enklere å stole på et produkt</quote>."
#. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para>
-#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:3397
+#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:3642
msgid ""
"With the school closing, David and some of the other Arduino founders "
"started a consulting firm and multidisciplinary design studio they called "
"måter. Inntekter fra Tinker ble investert i å opprettholde og styrke Arduino."
#. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para>
-#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:3406
+#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:3651
#, fuzzy
#| msgid ""
#| "For Tom, part of Arduino’s success is because the founders made "
"produktet ditt skal selges."
#. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para>
-#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:3414
+#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:3659
msgid ""
"Arduino’s business model has evolved over time—and Tom says model is a "
"grandiose term for it. Originally, they just wanted to make a few boards and "
"pris, vil folk kjøpe det."
#. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para>
-#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:3428
+#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:3673
msgid ""
"Arduino now has a worldwide community of makers—students, hobbyists, "
"artists, programmers, and professionals. Arduino provides a wiki called "
"tilgjengelig kunnskap til hjelp både for nybegynnere og eksperter."
#. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para>
-#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:3442
+#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:3687
msgid ""
"Transitioning Arduino from a project to a company was a big step. Other "
"businesses who made boards were charging a lot of money for them. Arduino "
"kunder, men som også var høy nok til å opprettholde virksomheten."
#. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para>
-#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:3450
+#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:3695
#, fuzzy
#| msgid ""
#| "For a business, getting to the end of the year and not being in the red "
"programvare gjør det bare hjelpe deg</quote>."
#. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para>
-#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:3458
+#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:3703
msgid ""
"While openly licensing the designs, documentation, and software ensures "
"longevity, it does have risks. There’s a possibility that others will create "
"den nye versjonen er like fri og åpen."
#. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para>
-#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:3470
+#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:3715
msgid ""
"Tom and David say that a lot of people have built companies off of Arduino, "
"with dozens of Arduino derivatives out there. But in contrast to closed "
"bruker og innlemmer i nye produkter."
#. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para><footnote><para>
-#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:3490
+#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:3737
msgid "<ulink url=\"http://www.arduino.cc/en/Main/Products\"/>"
msgstr "<ulink url=\"http://www.arduino.cc/en/Main/Products\"/>"
#. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para>
-#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:3481
+#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:3726
msgid ""
"Over time, the range of Arduino products has diversified, changing and "
"adapting to new needs and challenges. In addition to simple entry level "
"\"0\"/>"
#. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para>
-#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:3493
+#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:3742
#, fuzzy
#| msgid ""
#| "Arduino’s focus is on high-quality boards, well-designed support "
"derfra."
#. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para>
-#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:3506
+#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:3755
msgid ""
"A key decision for Arduino was trademarking the name. The founders needed a "
"way to guarantee to people that they were buying a quality product from a "
"lavkvalitetskopier."
#. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para>
-#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:3518
+#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:3767
msgid ""
"Current official manufacturers are Smart Projects in Italy, SparkFun in the "
"United States, and Dog Hunter in Taiwan/China. These are the only "
"varemerke-lisensiering ble Arduinos inntektsgenererende modell."
#. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para>
-#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:3528
+#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:3777
msgid ""
"How far to open things up wasn’t always something the founders perfectly "
"agreed on. David, who was always one to advocate for opening things up more, "
"merkevarebygging har vært et kritisk verktøy for Arduino."
#. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para><footnote><para>
-#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:3549
+#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:3800
msgid "<ulink url=\"http://blog.arduino.cc/2013/07/10/send-in-the-clones/\"/>"
msgstr "<ulink url=\"http://blog.arduino.cc/2013/07/10/send-in-the-clones/\"/>"
#. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para>
-#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:3537
+#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:3786
#, fuzzy
#| msgid ""
#| "David encourages people and businesses to start by sharing everything as "
"\" id=\"0\"/>"
#. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para>
-#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:3552
+#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:3805
#, fuzzy
#| msgid ""
#| "For David, an exciting aspect of Arduino is the way lots of people can "
"<quote>å lage ting som hjelper andre mennesker å lage ting</quote>."
#. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para>
-#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:3560
+#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:3813
#, fuzzy
#| msgid ""
#| "Arduino has been hugely successful in making technology and electronics "
"<quote>Teknologi er en ferdighet som alle burde lære</quote>."
#. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para>
-#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:3568
+#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:3821
msgid ""
"Ultimately, for Arduino, going open has been good business—good for product "
"development, good for distribution, good for pricing, and good for "
"produksjon."
#. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><title>
-#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:3574
+#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:3828
msgid "Ártica"
msgstr "Ártica"
#. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><blockquote><para>
-#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:3577
+#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:3831
msgid ""
"Ártica provides online courses and consulting services focused on how to use "
"digital technology to share knowledge and enable collaboration in arts and "
"og kultur. Grunnlagt i 2011 i Uruguay."
#. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><blockquote><para>
-#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:3582
+#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:3836
msgid "<ulink url=\"http://www.articaonline.com\"/>"
msgstr "<ulink url=\"http://www.articaonline.com\"/>"
#. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><blockquote><para>
-#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:3584
+#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:3839
msgid ""
"<emphasis role=\"strong\">Revenue model</emphasis>: charging for custom "
"services"
"tjenester"
#. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><blockquote><para>
-#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:3587
+#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:3843
msgid "<emphasis role=\"strong\">Interview date</emphasis>: March 9, 2016"
msgstr "<emphasis role=\"strong\">Dato for intervju</emphasis>: 9. mars 2016"
#. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><blockquote><para>
-#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:3589
+#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:3846
msgid ""
"<emphasis role=\"strong\">Interviewees</emphasis>: Mariana Fossatti and "
"Jorge Gemetto, cofounders"
"Gemetto, medgrunnleggere"
#. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><blockquote><para>
-#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:3593
-#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:3784
-#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:3980
-#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:4401
-#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:5774
-#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:7225
-#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:8009
-#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:8537
-#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:8759
-#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:9230
+#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:3850
+#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:4045
+#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:4244
+#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:4683
+#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:6125
+#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:7653
+#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:8483
+#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:9034
+#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:9262
+#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:9748
msgid "Profile written by Sarah Hinchliff Pearson"
msgstr "Profilen skrevet av Sarah Hinchliff Pearson"
#. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para>
-#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:3597
+#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:3854
msgid ""
"The story of Mariana Fossatti and Jorge Gemetto’s business, Ártica, is the "
"ultimate example of DIY. Not only are they successful entrepreneurs, the "
"en de har bygget selv."
#. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para>
-#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:3603
+#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:3860
msgid "Their dream jobs didn’t exist, so they created them."
msgstr "Drømmejobbene deres eksisterer ikke, så de laget dem."
#. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para>
-#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:3606
+#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:3863
msgid ""
"In 2011, Mariana was a sociologist working for an international organization "
"to develop research and online education about rural-development issues. "
"Internettet."
#. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para>
-#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:3618
+#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:3875
msgid ""
"Ártica feels like a uniquely twenty-first century business. The small "
"company has a global online presence with no physical offices. Jorge and "
"eller mellommenn."
#. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para>
-#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:3631
+#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:3888
#, fuzzy
#| msgid ""
#| "Ártica offers personalized education and consulting services, and helps "
"tilpasningstjenestene."
#. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para>
-#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:3642
+#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:3899
#, fuzzy
#| msgid ""
#| "When they started, they offered a smaller number of courses designed to "
"spesialiserte emner."
#. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para>
-#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:3651
+#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:3908
msgid ""
"Online courses are their biggest revenue stream, but they also do more than "
"a dozen consulting projects each year, ranging from digitization to event "
"mindre prosjekter på oppdrag fra enkeltartister."
#. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para>
-#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:3659
+#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:3916
msgid ""
"Ártica also seeks out public and private funding for specific projects. "
"Sometimes, even if they are unsuccessful in subsidizing a project like a new "
"hver ny ressurs de lager åpner nye dører."
#. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para>
-#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:3667
+#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:3924
#, fuzzy
#| msgid ""
#| "Ártica relies heavily on their free Creative Commons–licensed content to "
"hederlig og etisk avtale</quote>."
#. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para>
-#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:3683
+#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:3940
msgid ""
"They also believe sharing their ideas and expertise openly helps them build "
"their reputation and visibility. People often share and cite their work. A "
"til å åpne opp nye muligheter for sin virksomhet."
#. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para>
-#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:3691
+#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:3948
#, fuzzy
#| msgid ""
#| "This belief that openness creates new opportunities reflects another "
"utvikle seg til et mer sammensatt produkt, som et kurs eller en bok</quote>."
#. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para>
-#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:3702
+#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:3959
#, fuzzy
#| msgid ""
#| "Rather than planning their work in advance, they let their creative "
"På mange måter er prosessen for dem like viktig som sluttproduktet."
#. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para>
-#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:3712
+#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:3969
#, fuzzy
#| msgid ""
#| "People and relationships are also just as important, sometimes more. “In "
"Den viktige tingen er relasjonene</quote>."
#. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para>
-#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:3720
+#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:3977
msgid ""
"Ártica believes in the power of the network. They seek to make connections "
"with people and institutions across the globe so they can learn from them "
"sine kunnskaper."
#. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para>
-#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:3725
+#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:3982
#, fuzzy
#| msgid ""
#| "At the core of everything Ártica does is a set of values. “Good content "
"om å demokratisere kunst og kultur."
#. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para>
-#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:3739
+#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:3996
msgid ""
"Of course, Ártica also has to make enough money to cover its expenses. Human "
"resources are, by far, their biggest expense. They tap a network of "
"er den en suksess."
#. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para>
-#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:3747
+#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:4005
#, fuzzy
#| msgid ""
#| "“There are lots of people offering online courses,” Jorge said. “But it "
"personlig mening og hensikt, og gjøre det bærekraftig og i samarbeid."
#. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para>
-#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:3755
+#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:4013
#, fuzzy
#| msgid ""
#| "In their work with younger artists, Mariana and Jorge try to emphasize "
"annet bilde av hvordan det ser ut</quote>."
#. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><title>
-#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:3764
+#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:4022
msgid "Blender Institute"
msgstr "Blender-instituttet"
#. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><blockquote><para>
-#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:3767
+#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:4025
msgid ""
"The Blender Institute is an animation studio that creates 3-D films using "
"Blender software. Founded in 2006 in the Netherlands."
"programvare. Grunnlagt i 2006 i Nederland."
#. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><blockquote><para>
-#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:3772
+#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:4030
msgid "<ulink url=\"http://www.blender.org\"/>"
msgstr "<ulink url=\"http://www.blender.org\"/>"
#. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><blockquote><para>
-#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:3774
+#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:4033
msgid ""
"<emphasis role=\"strong\">Revenue model</emphasis>: crowdfunding "
"(subscription-based), charging for physical copies, selling merchandise"
"(abonnementsbasert), betaling for fysiske kopier, varesalg"
#. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><blockquote><para>
-#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:3778
+#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:4038
msgid "<emphasis role=\"strong\">Interview date</emphasis>: March 8, 2016"
msgstr "<emphasis role=\"strong\">Dato for intervju</emphasis>: 8. mars 2016"
#. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><blockquote><para>
-#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:3780
+#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:4041
msgid ""
"<emphasis role=\"strong\">Interviewee</emphasis>: Francesco Siddi, "
"production coordinator"
"produksjonsleder"
#. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para>
-#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:3788
+#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:4049
msgid ""
"For Ton Roosendaal, the creator of Blender software and its related "
"entities, sharing is practical. Making their 3-D content creation software "
"fordel for Blender og Blenders fellesskap helt konkret."
#. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para>
-#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:3799
+#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:4060
msgid ""
"Each open-movie project Blender runs produces a host of openly licensed "
"outputs, not just the final film itself but all of the source material as "
"prosess der det kreative og tekniske fellesskapet arbeider sammen."
#. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para>
-#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:3809
+#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:4070
msgid ""
"Rather than just talking about the theoretical benefits of sharing and free "
"culture, Ton is very much about doing and making free culture. Blender’s "
"quote>"
#. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para>
-#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:3816
+#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:4077
msgid ""
"Blender’s history begins in the late 1990s, when Ton created the Blender "
"software. Originally, the software was an in-house resource for his "
"tilgjengelig under GNU General Public License."
#. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para>
-#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:3827
+#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:4088
#, fuzzy
#| msgid ""
#| "This was long before Kickstarter and other online crowdfunding sites "
"å fremme et fellesskap av utviklere slik at prosjektet kunne leve</quote>."
#. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para>
-#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:3840
+#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:4101
#, fuzzy
#| msgid ""
#| "Like any successful free and open-source software project, Blender "
"vedlikeholdet."
#. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para>
-#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:3849
+#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:4110
msgid ""
"After a few years, Ton began looking for new ways to push development of the "
"software. He came up with the idea of creating CC-licensed films using the "
"av høy kvalitet, de skulle forbedre Blenders programvare i prosessen."
#. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para>
-#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:3859
+#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:4120
#, fuzzy
#| msgid ""
#| "They turned to crowdfunding to subsidize the costs of the project. They "
"<quote>Reaksjonen var at de måtte se det for å tro det.</quote>"
#. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para>
-#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:3869
+#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:4130
msgid ""
"The first film, which was released in 2006, was an experiment. It was so "
"successful that Ton decided to set up the Blender Institute, an entity "
"figurene ble plukket opp av markedsførere."
#. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para>
-#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:3877
+#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:4138
#, fuzzy
#| msgid ""
#| "Francesco said that, over time, the Blender Institute projects have "
"alltid kan ansette dem på grunn av budsjettbegrensninger</quote>."
#. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para>
-#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:3890
+#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:4151
#, fuzzy
#| msgid ""
#| "Blender has had a lot of success raising money from its community over "
"sa Francesco."
#. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para>
-#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:3899
+#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:4160
#, fuzzy
#| msgid ""
#| "While these benefits of each open-movie project make a compelling pitch "
"han. <quote>Det er mye moro, men så slutter det. Det er et problem</quote>."
#. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para>
-#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:3908
+#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:4169
msgid ""
"To make their work more sustainable, they needed a way to receive ongoing "
"support rather than on a project-by-project basis. Their solution is Blender "
"biblioteker med rollemodeller og andre ressurser til bruk i ulike prosjekter."
#. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para>
-#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:3923
+#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:4184
#, fuzzy
#| msgid ""
#| "The continuous financial support provided by Blender Cloud subsidizes "
"oss, <quote>og for kunstnere er frihet alt</quote>."
#. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para>
-#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:3930
+#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:4191
msgid ""
"Blender Cloud is the primary revenue stream of the Blender Institute. The "
"Blender Foundation is funded primarily by donations, and that money goes "
"skjorter og andre Blender-produkter."
#. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para>
-#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:3939
+#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:4200
msgid ""
"Ton has worked on projects relating to his Blender software for nearly "
"twenty years. Throughout most of that time, he has been committed to making "
"Å selge en lisens har aldri vært en del av forretningsmodellen."
#. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para>
-#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:3946
+#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:4207
#, fuzzy
#| msgid ""
#| "Since 2006, he has been making films available along with all of their "
"hva du gjorde</quote>, sa Ton."
#. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para>
-#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:3956
+#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:4217
msgid "For Ton and Blender, it all comes back to doing."
msgstr "For Ton og Blender, går alt tilbake til hva du gjør."
#. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><title>
-#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:3960
+#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:4221
msgid "Cards Against Humanity"
msgstr "Cards Against Humanity"
#. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><blockquote><para>
-#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:3963
+#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:4224
msgid ""
"Cards Against Humanity is a private, for-profit company that makes a popular "
"party game by the same name. Founded in 2011 in the U.S."
"populært fest-spill ved samme navn. Grunnlagt i USA i 2011."
#. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><blockquote><para>
-#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:3968
+#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:4229
msgid "<ulink url=\"http://www.cardsagainsthumanity.com\"/>"
msgstr "<ulink url=\"http://www.cardsagainsthumanity.com\"/>"
#. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><blockquote><para>
-#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:3970
+#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:4232
msgid ""
"<emphasis role=\"strong\">Revenue model</emphasis>: charging for physical "
"copies"
"kopier"
#. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><blockquote><para>
-#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:3973
+#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:4236
msgid "<emphasis role=\"strong\">Interview date</emphasis>: February 3, 2016"
msgstr ""
"<emphasis role=\"strong\">Dato for intervju</emphasis>: 3. februar 2016"
#. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><blockquote><para>
-#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:3976
+#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:4240
msgid "<emphasis role=\"strong\">Interviewee</emphasis>: Max Temkin, cofounder"
msgstr ""
"<emphasis role=\"strong\">Intervjuet</emphasis>: Max Temkin, medgrunnlegger"
#. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para>
-#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:3984
+#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:4248
#, fuzzy
#| msgid ""
#| "If you ask cofounder Max Temkin, there is nothing particularly "
"får inn</quote>, sa Max."
#. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para>
-#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:3990
+#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:4254
#, fuzzy
#| msgid ""
#| "He is right. Cards Against Humanity is a simple party game, modeled after "
"dette et artig og morsomt spill."
#. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para>
-#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:4000
+#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:4264
msgid ""
"The revenue model is simple. Physical copies of the game are sold for a "
"profit. And it works. At the time of this writing, Cards Against Humanity is "
"temapakker samt internasjonale utgaver."
#. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para>
-#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:4008
+#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:4272
msgid ""
"But Cards Against Humanity is also available for free. Anyone can download a "
"digital version of the game on the Cards Against Humanity website. More than "
"loggføre tallene."
#. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para>
-#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:4014
+#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:4278
msgid ""
"The game is available under an Attribution-NonCommercial-ShareAlike license "
"(CC BY-NC-SA). That means, in addition to copying the game, anyone can "
"nytt spill i seg selv."
#. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para>
-#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:4022
+#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:4286
+#, fuzzy
+#| msgid ""
+#| "All together, these factors—the crass tone of the game and company, the "
+#| "free download, the openness to fans remixing the game—give the game a "
+#| "massive cult following."
msgid ""
"All together, these factors—the crass tone of the game and company, the free "
-"download, the openness to fans remixing the game—give the game a massive "
-"cult following."
+"download, the"
msgstr ""
"Til sammen gir disse faktorene – den krasse tonen i spillet og selskapet, "
"gratis nedlasting, åpenhet for fans til å remikse spillet – det som gir "
"spillet solid kultstatus."
#. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para>
-#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:4027
+#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:4290
+msgid "openness to fans remixing the game—give"
+msgstr ""
+
+#. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para>
+#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:4293
+msgid "the game a massive cult following."
+msgstr ""
+
+#. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para>
+#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:4296
msgid ""
"Their success is not the result of a grand plan. Instead, Cards Against "
"Humanity was the last in a long line of games and comedy projects that Max "
"offisielt i mai 2011."
#. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para>
-#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:4040
+#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:4309
#, fuzzy
#| msgid ""
#| "The game caught on quickly, and it has only grown more popular over time. "
"quote>, sa han."
#. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para>
-#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:4046
+#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:4315
#, fuzzy
#| msgid ""
#| "But this tale of a “happy accident” belies marketing genius. Just like "
"hjemmesiden sin <quote>Dine dumme spørsmål</quote>."
#. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para>
-#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:4052
+#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:4321
#, fuzzy
#| msgid ""
#| "Like most quality satire, however, there is more to the joke than "
"et <quote>alt koster 5 dollar mer</quote>-salg."
#. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para>
-#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:4065
+#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:4335
#, fuzzy
#| msgid ""
#| "“We sweated it out the night before Black Friday, wondering if our fans "
"med det. Og folk oppfattet helt klart spøken</quote>."
#. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para>
-#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:4071
+#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:4341
#, fuzzy
#| msgid ""
#| "This sort of bold transparency delights the media, but more importantly, "
"sjokkerer folk at det er åpenhet om hva du gjør</quote>."
#. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para>
-#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:4078
+#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:4348
msgid ""
"Max also likened it to a grand improv scene. <quote>If we do something a "
"little subversive and unexpected, the public wants to be a part of the joke."
"day."
msgstr ""
"Max sammenlignet det også med en stor improvisasjonsscene. <quote>Hvis vi "
-"gjør noe litt undergravende og uventet, ønsker publikum å være med på "
-"spøken.</quote> Ett år laget de spøken Gi Cards Against Humanity $5, hvor "
-"folk bokstavelig talt betalte dem fem dollar uten grunn. Fansen ville gjøre "
+"gjør noe litt undergravende og uventet, ønsker publikum å være med på spøken."
+"</quote> Ett år laget de spøken Gi Cards Against Humanity $5, hvor folk "
+"bokstavelig talt betalte dem fem dollar uten grunn. Fansen ville gjøre "
"spøken morsommere ved å gjøre den vellykket. De fikk inn $70,000 på én dag."
#. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para>
-#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:4086
+#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:4356
#, fuzzy
#| msgid ""
#| "This remarkable trust they have in their customers is what inspired their "
"hundre ganger, fordi det er så mange fordeler</quote>."
#. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para>
-#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:4099
+#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:4369
msgid ""
"Any successful product inspires its biggest fans to create remixes of it, "
"but unsanctioned adaptations are more likely to fly under the radar. The "
"laget. I dag finnes det tusenvis av utvidelser fra tilhengere av spillet."
#. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para>
-#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:4107
+#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:4377
#, fuzzy
#| msgid ""
#| "Max said, “CC was a no-brainer for us because it gets the most people "
"aldri brukt en krone på markedsføring</quote>."
#. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para>
-#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:4114
+#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:4384
#, fuzzy
#| msgid ""
#| "Of course, there are limits to what the company allows its customers to "
"hyre advokat."
#. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para>
-#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:4128
+#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:4398
#, fuzzy
#| msgid ""
#| "Just as there is more than meets the eye to the Cards Against Humanity "
"skrive dem, men det er faktisk mye arbeid og ordkløveri</quote>."
#. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para>
-#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:4139
+#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:4409
msgid ""
"That means cocreation with their fans really doesn’t work. The company has a "
"submission mechanism on their website, and they get thousands of "
"lager sine egne tilpasninger til spillet."
#. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para>
-#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:4150
+#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:4420
#, fuzzy
#| msgid ""
#| "For all of their success, the creators of Cards Against Humanity are only "
"quote>, sa han."
#. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para>
-#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:4157
+#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:4427
#, fuzzy
#| msgid ""
#| "In fact, the company has given more than $4 million to various charities "
"kanaliserer noe av spenningen i spillet inn i det</quote>."
#. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para>
-#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:4166
+#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:4436
msgid ""
"Seeing money as fuel rather than the ultimate goal is what has enabled them "
"to embrace Creative Commons licensing without reservation. CC licensing "
"penger fra kunder."
#. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para>
-#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:4173
+#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:4444
#, fuzzy
#| msgid ""
#| "“It’s not right for everyone to release everything under CC licensing,” "
"verdier, og hvem du er og hvorfor du lager ting</quote>."
#. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><title>
-#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:4181
+#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:4452
msgid "The Conversation"
msgstr "The Conversation"
#. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><blockquote><para>
-#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:4184
+#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:4455
msgid ""
"The Conversation is an independent source of news, sourced from the academic "
"and research community and delivered direct to the public over the Internet. "
"2011 i Australia."
#. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><blockquote><para>
-#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:4189
+#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:4460
msgid "<ulink url=\"http://theconversation.com\"/>"
msgstr "<ulink url=\"http://theconversation.com\"/>"
#. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><blockquote><para>
-#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:4191
+#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:4463
msgid ""
"<emphasis role=\"strong\">Revenue model</emphasis>: charging content "
"creators (universities pay membership fees to have their faculties serve as "
"fakulteter som forfattere), donasjonsfinansiering"
#. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><blockquote><para>
-#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:4198
+#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:4472
msgid ""
"<emphasis role=\"strong\">Interviewee</emphasis>: Andrew Jaspan, founder"
msgstr ""
"<emphasis role=\"strong\">Intervjuet</emphasis>: Andrew Jaspan, grunnlegger"
#. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para>
-#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:4206
+#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:4480
msgid ""
"Andrew Jaspan spent years as an editor of major newspapers including the "
"Observer in London, the Sunday Herald in Glasgow, and the Age in Melbourne, "
"journalistikk. Andrew forpliktet seg til å koke opp en alternativ modell."
#. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para>
-#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:4216
+#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:4490
msgid ""
"Around the time he left his job as editor of the Melbourne Age, Andrew "
"wondered where citizens would get news grounded in fact and evidence rather "
"på det spekulative."
#. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para>
-#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:4223
+#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:4497
msgid ""
"While at the Age, he’d become friends with a vice-chancellor of a university "
"in Melbourne who encouraged him to talk to smart people across campus—an "
"presentere sin kompetanse til det bredere publlikum."
#. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para>
-#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:4244
+#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:4518
msgid ""
"Andrew believed he could to help connect academics back into the public "
"arena, and maybe help society find solutions to big problems. He thought "
"velger sitater, og skriver hva enn de måtte ønske."
#. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para>
-#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:4257
+#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:4531
msgid ""
"The people he spoke to liked this idea, and Andrew embarked on raising money "
"and support with the help of the Commonwealth Scientific and Industrial "
"publiseres i Conversation lisensieres åpent med Creative Commons."
#. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para>
-#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:4270
+#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:4544
msgid ""
"The Conversation is founded on the belief that underpinning a functioning "
"democracy is access to independent, high-quality, informative journalism. "
"deres er enkel: Å gi leserne en pålitelig kilde til bevisbasert informasjon."
#. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para><footnote><para>
-#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:4283
+#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:4559
msgid "<ulink url=\"http://theconversation.com/us/charter\"/>"
msgstr "<ulink url=\"http://theconversation.com/us/charter\"/>"
#. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para>
-#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:4281
+#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:4555
msgid ""
"Andrew worked hard to reinvent a methodology for creating reliable, credible "
"content. He introduced strict new working practices, a charter, and codes of "
"nytt."
#. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para>
-#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:4296
+#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:4574
msgid ""
"Creative Commons help with these goals; articles are published with the "
"Attribution- NoDerivs license (CC BY-ND). They’re freely available for "
"Conversation gjør."
#. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para>
-#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:4308
+#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:4586
msgid ""
"When readers come across the Conversation, they seem to like what they find "
"and recommend it to their friends, peers, and networks. Readership has "
"News."
#. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para>
-#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:4316
+#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:4594
msgid ""
"It’s usual for the founders of any company to ask themselves what kind of "
"company it should be. It quickly became clear to the founders of the "
"foretagende."
#. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para>
-#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:4325
+#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:4603
msgid ""
"There are now different editions of the Conversation for Africa, the United "
"Kingdom, France, and the United States, in addition to the one for "
"universitetsforskere fra enda flere deler av verden."
#. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para>
-#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:4335
+#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:4613
msgid ""
"Additionally, each edition has its own set of founding partners, strategic "
"partners, and funders. They’ve received funding from foundations, "
"dekning og funksjoner."
#. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para>
-#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:4344
+#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:4622
#, fuzzy
#| msgid ""
#| "When professors from member universities write an article, there is some "
"med plass i det redaksjonelle rådgivende styre."
#. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para>
-#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:4352
+#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:4630
msgid ""
"Academics are not paid for their contributions, but they get free editing "
"from a professional (four to five hours per piece, on average). They also "
"lesere per artikkel."
#. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para>
-#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:4362
+#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:4640
msgid ""
"The Conversation plans to expand the dashboard to show not just reach but "
"impact. This tracks activities, behaviors, and events that occurred as a "
"et selskap om et emne."
#. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para>
-#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:4370
+#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:4648
msgid ""
"These reach and impact metrics show the benefits of membership. With the "
"Conversation, universities can engage with the public and show why they’re "
"vise at de er verdifulle."
#. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para>
-#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:4375
+#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:4653
#, fuzzy
#| msgid ""
#| "With its tagline, “Academic Rigor, Journalistic Flair,” the Conversation "
"operasjonelle inntekter samtidig."
#. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><title>
-#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:4384
+#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:4663
msgid "Cory Doctorow"
msgstr "Cory Doctorow"
#. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><blockquote><para>
-#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:4387
+#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:4666
msgid ""
"Cory Doctorow is a science fiction writer, activist, blogger, and "
"journalist. Based in the U.S."
"journalist med base i USA."
#. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><blockquote><para>
-#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:4390
+#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:4670
msgid ""
"<ulink url=\"http://craphound.com\"/> and <ulink url=\"http://boingboing.net"
"\"/>"
"\"/>"
#. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><blockquote><para>
-#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:4393
+#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:4674
msgid ""
"<emphasis role=\"strong\">Revenue model</emphasis>: charging for physical "
"copies (book sales), pay-what-you-want, selling translation rights to books"
"kopier (boksalg), betal-hva-du-vil, salg av rettigheter til bokoversettelser"
#. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><blockquote><para>
-#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:4397
+#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:4679
msgid "<emphasis role=\"strong\">Interview date</emphasis>: January 12, 2016"
msgstr ""
"<emphasis role=\"strong\">Dato for intervju</emphasis>: 12. januar 2016"
#. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para>
-#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:4405
+#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:4687
#, fuzzy
#| msgid ""
#| "Cory Doctorow hates the term “business model,” and he is adamant that he "
"jeg vet hvordan skal gjøres</quote>."
#. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para>
-#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:4414
+#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:4696
msgid ""
"Cory calls himself an entrepreneur. He likes to say his success came from "
"making stuff people happened to like and then getting out of the way of them "
"ting folk tilfeldigvis liker, for så å ikke være i veien når de deler det."
#. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para>
-#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:4419
+#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:4701
msgid ""
"He is a science fiction writer, activist, blogger, and journalist. "
"Beginning with his first novel, Down and Out in the Magic Kingdom, in 2003, "
"seg et levebrød i Internett-alderen."
#. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para>
-#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:4430
+#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:4712
msgid ""
"Cory primarily makes money by selling physical books, but he also takes on "
"paid speaking gigs and is experimenting with pay-what-you-want models for "
"modeller for sitt arbeid."
#. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para>
-#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:4435
+#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:4717
#, fuzzy
#| msgid ""
#| "While Cory’s extensive body of fiction work has a large following, he is "
"folk til å like det jeg gjør, ville bli borte</quote>."
#. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para>
-#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:4452
+#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:4734
#, fuzzy
#| msgid ""
#| "Cory has been financially successful, but money is not his primary "
"selv frisk</quote>."
#. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para>
-#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:4466
+#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:4748
#, fuzzy
#| msgid ""
#| "Just as money is not his primary motivation to create, money is not his "
"verdensbilde."
#. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para>
-#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:4476
+#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:4758
#, fuzzy
#| msgid ""
#| "He also feels like there is a solid commercial basis for licensing his "
"dem tyver</quote>, sa han."
#. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para>
-#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:4486
+#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:4768
#, fuzzy
#| msgid ""
#| "Cory started using CC licenses soon after they were first created. At "
"beregnet for spredning</quote>."
#. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para>
-#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:4499
+#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:4781
msgid ""
"Cory admits the stakes were pretty low for him when he first adopted "
"Creative Commons licenses. He only had to sell two thousand copies of his "
"sier de at det er som følge av hans etablerte forfatterskap."
#. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para>
-#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:4507
+#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:4789
#, fuzzy
#| msgid ""
#| "The bottom line, Cory says, is that no one has found a way to prevent "
"quote>."
#. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para>
-#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:4515
+#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:4797
#, fuzzy
#| msgid ""
#| "Making his work available under Creative Commons licenses enables him to "
"hjelp jeg kan få</quote>."
#. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para>
-#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:4530
+#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:4812
msgid ""
"His first book was published under the most restrictive Creative Commons "
"license, Attribution-NonCommercial-NoDerivs (CC BY-NC-ND). It allows only "
"finnes uprofesjonelle oversettelser tilgjengelig gratis."
#. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para>
-#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:4545
+#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:4827
#, fuzzy
#| msgid ""
#| "In his book Information Doesn’t Want to Be Free, Cory likens his "
"mulig at jeg vil få noe tilbake</quote>."
#. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para>
-#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:4560
+#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:4842
#, fuzzy
#| msgid ""
#| "Applying a CC license to his work increases the chances it will be shared "
"å gi deg nøkkelen, er den ikke der i hensikt å gagne deg</quote>."
#. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para>
-#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:4571
+#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:4853
#, fuzzy
#| msgid ""
#| "Cory operates under the premise that artists benefit when there are more, "
"ønsker å ta kontrollen over hans arbeid."
#. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para>
-#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:4582
+#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:4864
msgid ""
"Cory says his e-book sales have been lower than those of his competitors, "
"and he attributes some of that to the CC license making the work available "
"eget betal-hva-du-vil -eksperiment ut i livet snart."
#. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para>
-#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:4593
+#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:4875
#, fuzzy
#| msgid ""
#| "Fans are particularly willing to pay when they feel personally connected "
"kontakten med dem som har blitt rørt av ditt arbeid</quote>."
#. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para>
-#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:4605
+#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:4887
#, fuzzy
#| msgid ""
#| "Cory’s realism about the difficulty of making a living in the arts does "
"sinn og hender</quote>."
#. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para>
-#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:4613
+#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:4895
msgid "It has never been easier to think like a dandelion."
msgstr "Det har aldri vært lettere å rette tankene i løvetannens baner."
#. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><title>
-#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:4617
+#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:4899
msgid "Figshare"
msgstr "Figshare"
#. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><blockquote><para>
-#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:4620
+#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:4902
msgid ""
"Figshare is a for-profit company offering an online repository where "
"researchers can preserve and share the output of their research, including "
"i Storbritannia."
#. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><blockquote><para>
-#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:4626
+#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:4908
msgid "<ulink url=\"http://figshare.com\"/>"
msgstr "<ulink url=\"http://figshare.com\"/>"
#. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><blockquote><para>
-#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:4628
+#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:4911
msgid ""
"<emphasis role=\"strong\">Revenue model</emphasis>: platform providing paid "
"services to creators"
"betalte tjenester til innholdsleverandører"
#. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><blockquote><para>
-#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:4631
+#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:4915
msgid "<emphasis role=\"strong\">Interview date</emphasis>: January 28, 2016"
msgstr ""
"<emphasis role=\"strong\">Dato for intervju</emphasis>: 28. januar 2016"
#. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><blockquote><para>
-#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:4634
+#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:4919
msgid "<emphasis role=\"strong\">Interviewee</emphasis>: Mark Hahnel, founder"
msgstr ""
"<emphasis role=\"strong\">Intervjuet</emphasis>: Mark Hahnel, grunnlegger"
#. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para>
-#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:4642
+#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:4927
msgid ""
"Figshare’s mission is to change the face of academic publishing through "
"improved dissemination, discoverability, and reusability of scholarly "
"vitenskapelig disiplinpublisering ikke tillater."
#. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para>
-#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:4653
+#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:4938
msgid ""
"Figshare founder Mark Hahnel often gets asked: How do you make money? How do "
"we know you’ll be here in five years? Can you, as a for-profit venture, be "
"fortjeneste, være å stole på? Svarene har utviklet seg over tid."
#. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para>
-#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:4658
+#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:4943
msgid ""
"Mark traces the origins of Figshare back to when he was a graduate student "
"getting his PhD in stem cell biology. His research involved working with "
"hans karrière."
#. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para>
-#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:4667
+#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:4952
msgid ""
"Mark does not consider himself an advanced software programmer. "
"Fortunately, things like cloud-based computing and wikis had become "
"dele det med alle. Dernest begynte han å arbeide med en løsning."
#. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para>
-#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:4674
+#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:4959
msgid ""
"There were two key needs: licenses to make the data citable, and persistent "
"identifiers— URL links that always point back to the original object "
"originalobjektet for å sikre at forskningen kan siteres på lang sikt."
#. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para>
-#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:4680
+#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:4965
msgid ""
"Mark chose Digital Object Identifiers (DOIs) to meet the need for a "
"persistent identifier. In the DOI system, an object’s metadata is stored as "
"DataCite for å tilby DOI-er for forskningsdata."
#. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para>
-#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:4689
+#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:4974
msgid ""
"As for licenses, Mark chose Creative Commons. The open-access and open-"
"science communities were already using and recommending Creative Commons. "
"BY (Attribution) for figurer, videoer og datasett."
#. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para>
-#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:4697
+#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:4982
msgid ""
"So Mark began using DOIs and Creative Commons for his own research work. He "
"had a science blog where he wrote about it and made all his data open. "
"han åpnet det opp for dem også."
#. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para>
-#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:4703
+#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:4988
msgid ""
"People liked the interface and simple upload process. People started asking "
"if they could also share theses, grant proposals, and code. Inclusion of "
"kan også brukes."
#. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para>
-#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:4711
+#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:4996
msgid ""
"Mark sought investment to make this into a scalable product. After a few "
"unsuccessful funding pitches, UK-based Digital Science expressed interest "
"betaler for premiumfordeler, funksjonalitet eller virtuelle eiendeler.)"
#. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para>
-#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:4718
+#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:5003
#, fuzzy
#| msgid ""
#| "Under the freemium model, academics upload their research to Figshare for "
"Vi sikrer bare at det varer</quote>."
#. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para>
-#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:4730
+#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:5015
msgid ""
"In January 2012, Figshare was launched. (The fig in Figshare stands for "
"figures.) Using investment funds, Mark made significant improvements to "
"gi dem denne funksjonaliteten."
#. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para>
-#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:4740
+#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:5025
+#, fuzzy
+#| msgid ""
+#| "Figshare diversified its business model to include services for journals. "
+#| "Figshare began hosting large amounts of data for the journals’ online "
+#| "articles. This additional data improved the quality of the articles. "
+#| "Outsourcing this service to Figshare freed publishers from having to "
+#| "develop this functionality as part of their own infrastructure. Figshare-"
+#| "hosted data also provides a link back to the article, generating "
+#| "additional click-through and readership—a benefit to both journal "
+#| "publishers and researchers. Figshare now provides research-data "
+#| "infrastructure for a wide variety of publishers including Wiley, Springer "
+#| "Nature, PLOS, and Taylor and Francis, to name a few, and has convinced "
+#| "them to use Creative Commons licenses for the data."
msgid ""
"Figshare diversified its business model to include services for journals. "
"Figshare began hosting large amounts of data for the journals’ online "
"this functionality as part of their own infrastructure. Figshare-hosted data "
"also provides a link back to the article, generating additional click-"
"through and readership—a benefit to both journal publishers and "
-"researchers. Figshare now provides research-data infrastructure for a wide "
-"variety of publishers including Wiley, Springer Nature, PLOS, and Taylor and "
-"Francis, to name a few, and has convinced them to use Creative Commons "
-"licenses for the data."
+"researchers. Figshare now provides"
msgstr ""
"Figshare utvidet sin forretningmodell til å omfatte tjenester for "
"tidsskrifter. Figshare begynte å leie ut plass til store datamengder til "
"overbevist dem om å bruke Creative Commons-lisenser for dataene."
#. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para>
-#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:4754
+#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:5036
+msgid ""
+"research-data infrastructure for a wide variety of publishers including "
+"Wiley, Springer Nature, PLOS, and Taylor and Francis, to name a few, and has "
+"convinced them to use Creative Commons licenses for the data."
+msgstr ""
+
+#. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para>
+#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:5042
msgid ""
"Governments allocate significant public funds to research. In parallel with "
"the launch of Figshare, governments around the world began requesting the "
"og lagt til tjenester for institusjoner."
#. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para>
-#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:4764
+#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:5052
msgid ""
"Figshare now offers a range of fee-based services to institutions, including "
"their own minibranded Figshare space (called Figshare for Institutions) that "
"bibliotekarer og administratorer, samt av forskerne."
#. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para>
-#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:4774
+#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:5062
msgid ""
"As with researchers and publishers, Fig-share encouraged institutions to "
"share their research with CC BY (Attribution) and their data with CC0 (into "
"(Attribution-NoDerivs)."
#. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para>
-#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:4787
+#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:5075
msgid ""
"For Mark this created a conflict. On the one hand, the principles and "
"benefits of open science are at the heart of Figshare, and Mark believes CC "
"noen negative konsekvenser, bestemte han seg å følge etter."
#. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para>
-#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:4797
+#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:5085
msgid ""
"Mark is thinking of doing a Figshare study that tracks research "
"dissemination according to Creative Commons license, and gathering metrics "
"flere forskere og institusjoner vil gjøre den til sin valgte lisens."
#. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para><footnote><para>
-#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:4810
+#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:5100
msgid ""
"<ulink url=\"http://figshare.com/articles/"
"Journal_subscription_costs_FOIs_to_UK_universities/1186832\"/>"
"Journal_subscription_costs_FOIs_to_UK_universities/1186832\"/>"
#. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para><footnote><para>
-#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:4813
+#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:5107
msgid ""
"<ulink url=\"http://retr0.shinyapps.io/journal_costs/?year=2014&"
"inst=19,22,38,42,59,64,80,95,136\"/>"
"inst=19,22,38,42,59,64,80,95,136\"/>"
#. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para>
-#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:4805
+#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:5093
msgid ""
"Figshare has an Application Programming Interface (API) that makes it "
"possible for data to be pulled from Figshare and used in other applications. "
"\"footnote\" id=\"1\"/>"
#. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para>
-#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:4816
+#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:5112
msgid ""
"The free version of Figshare has built a community of academics, who through "
"word of mouth and presentations have promoted and spread awareness of "
"Creative Commons-lisenser."
#. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para><footnote><para>
-#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:4831
+#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:5129
msgid "<ulink url=\"http://figshare.com/features\"/>"
msgstr "<ulink url=\"http://figshare.com/features\"/>"
#. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para>
-#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:4827
+#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:5123
msgid ""
"Mark says his success is partly about being in the right place at the right "
"time. He also believes that the diversification of Figshare’s model over "
"Figshare nå brukes av allmenningen."
#. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para>
-#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:4838
+#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:5138
msgid ""
"Today Figshare has 26 million–plus page views, 7.5 million–plus downloads, "
"800,000–plus user uploads, 2 million–plus articles, 500,000-plus "
"bruken av Figshare av andre, inkludert Wikipedia og nyhetskilder."
#. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para>
-#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:4846
+#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:5146
msgid ""
"Figshare uses the revenue it generates from the premium subscribers, journal "
"publishers, and institutions to fund and expand what it can offer to "
"stand til å samarbeide og gjøre nye funn."
#. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><title>
-#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:4861
+#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:5162
msgid "Figure.NZ"
msgstr "Figure.NZ"
#. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><blockquote><para>
-#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:4864
+#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:5165
msgid ""
"Figure.NZ is a nonprofit charity that makes an online data platform designed "
"to make data reusable and easy to understand. Founded in 2012 in New "
"dataplattform myntet på å gjøre data gjenbrukbar og enkel å forstå seg på."
#. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><blockquote><para>
-#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:4869
+#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:5170
msgid "<ulink url=\"http://figure.nz\"/>"
msgstr "<ulink url=\"http://figure.nz\"/>"
#. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><blockquote><para>
-#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:4871
+#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:5173
msgid ""
"<emphasis role=\"strong\">Revenue model</emphasis>: platform providing paid "
"services to creators, donations, sponsorships"
"betalte tjenester til skapere, bidragsytere, sponsing"
#. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><blockquote><para>
-#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:4874
+#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:5177
msgid "<emphasis role=\"strong\">Interview date</emphasis>: May 3, 2016"
msgstr "<emphasis role=\"strong\">Dato for intervju</emphasis>: 3. mai 2016"
#. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><blockquote><para>
-#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:4876
+#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:5180
msgid ""
"<emphasis role=\"strong\">Interviewee</emphasis>: Lillian Grace, founder"
msgstr ""
"<emphasis role=\"strong\">Intervjuet</emphasis>: Lillian Grace, grunnlegger"
#. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para><footnote><para>
-#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:4885
+#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:5191
msgid ""
"<ulink url=\"http://www.nzdatafutures.org.nz/sites/default/files/"
"NZDFF_harness-the-power.pdf\"/>"
"NZDFF_harness-the-power.pdf\"/>"
#. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para>
-#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:4884
+#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:5188
msgid ""
"In the paper Harnessing the Economic and Social Power of Data presented at "
"the New Zealand Data Futures Forum in 2014,<placeholder type=\"footnote\" id="
"med spesielt fokus på New Zealand."
#. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para>
-#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:4903
+#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:5211
#, fuzzy
#| msgid ""
#| "Lillian had the idea for Figure.NZ in February 2012 while working for the "
"data og forskning du ofte må betale for."
#. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para>
-#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:4914
+#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:5222
msgid ""
"Lillian began to imagine a website that lifted data up to a visual form that "
"could be easily understood and freely accessed. Initially launched as Wiki "
"tjenester til dem som ønsker å åpne sine data, og presentere dem visuelt."
#. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para>
-#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:4928
+#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:5236
msgid ""
"Here’s how it works. Figure.NZ sources data from other organizations, "
"including corporations, public repositories, government departments, and "
"lenge de henviser til den opprinnelige kilden og Figure.NZ."
#. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para><footnote><para>
-#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:4954
+#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:5264
msgid ""
"<ulink url=\"http://www.ict.govt.nz/guidance-and-resources/open-government/"
"new-zealand-government-open-access-and-licensing-nzgoal-framework/\"/>"
"new-zealand-government-open-access-and-licensing-nzgoal-framework/\"/>"
#. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para>
-#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:4945
+#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:5253
msgid ""
"Lillian characterizes the initial decision to use Creative Commons as "
"naively fortunate. It was first recommended to her by a colleague. Lillian "
"Creative Commons-lisensiert, noe som passer fint til Figure.NZs beslutning."
#. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para>
-#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:4961
+#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:5273
msgid ""
"Lillian thinks current ideas of what a business is are relatively new, only "
"a hundred years old or so. She’s convinced that twenty years from now, we "
"vokter og pålitelig kilde."
#. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para>
-#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:4974
+#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:5286
msgid ""
"Although Figure.NZ is a social enterprise that openly licenses their data "
"and graphs for everyone to use for free, they have taken care not to be "
"gjøre seg forskjellig, og knytte sin merkevare til det hele."
#. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para>
-#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:4993
+#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:5305
msgid ""
"Figure.NZ spends a lot of time seeking to understand the motivations of data "
"collectors and to identify the channels where it can provide value. Every "
"få verdi fra dataene og de visuelle fremstillingene."
#. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para>
-#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:4999
+#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:5311
msgid ""
"Figure.NZ has multiple lines of business. They provide commercial services "
"to organizations that want their data publicly available and want to use "
"nettsted gratis for alle brukere, og virkelig demokratisere data."
#. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para>
-#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:5015
+#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:5327
#, fuzzy
#| msgid ""
#| "Lillian notes that the current state of most data is terrible and often "
"har blitt gjort før."
#. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para><footnote><para>
-#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:5034
+#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:5348
msgid "<ulink url=\"http://figure.nz/business/\"/>"
msgstr "<ulink url=\"http://figure.nz/business/\"/>"
#. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para>
-#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:5029
+#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:5341
msgid ""
"A second line of business is what Figure.NZ calls partners. ASB Bank and "
"Statistics New Zealand are partners who back Figure.NZ’s efforts. As one "
"<placeholder type=\"footnote\" id=\"0\"/>"
#. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para><footnote><para>
-#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:5037
+#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:5355
msgid "<ulink url=\"http://figure.nz/patrons/\"/>"
msgstr "<ulink url=\"http://figure.nz/patrons/\"/>"
#. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para>
-#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:5037
+#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:5353
msgid ""
"Figure.NZ also has patrons.<placeholder type=\"footnote\" id=\"0\"/> Patrons "
"donate to topic areas they care about, directly enabling Figure.NZ to get "
"innvirkning på hva som tas med eller ekskluderes."
#. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para>
-#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:5043
+#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:5363
msgid ""
"Figure.NZ also accepts philanthropic donations, which are used to provide "
"more content, extend technology, and improve services, or are targeted to "
"skattefritatt."
#. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para>
-#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:5049
+#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:5369
msgid ""
"Figure.NZ has morphed and grown over time. With data aggregation, curation, "
"and visualizing services all in-house, Figure.NZ has developed a deep "
"eksterne tilknytninger."
#. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para>
-#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:5061
+#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:5381
msgid ""
"Figure.NZ’s website displays visuals and data associated with a wide range "
"of categories including crime, economy, education, employment, energy, "
"opplevelser, ikke brukermanualer."
#. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para>
-#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:5071
+#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:5391
msgid ""
"Figure.NZ believes data and visuals should be useful. They provide their "
"customers with a data collection template and teach them why it’s important "
"tolke data om emnene de er interessert i."
#. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para>
-#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:5085
+#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:5405
+#, fuzzy
+#| msgid ""
+#| "Lillian has a deep and profound vision for Figure.NZ that goes well "
+#| "beyond simply providing open-data services. She says things are different "
+#| "now. “We used to live in a world where it was really hard to share "
+#| "information widely. And in that world, the best future was created by "
+#| "having a few great leaders who essentially had access to the information "
+#| "and made decisions on behalf of others, whether it was on behalf of a "
+#| "country or companies."
msgid ""
"Lillian has a deep and profound vision for Figure.NZ that goes well beyond "
-"simply providing open-data services. She says things are different now. “We "
+"simply providing open-data services. She says things are different now. \"We "
"used to live in a world where it was really hard to share information "
"widely. And in that world, the best future was created by having a few great "
"leaders who essentially had access to the information and made decisions on "
"vegne av andre, om det så var på vegne av et land eller selskaper.</quote>"
#. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para>
-#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:5094
+#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:5415
+#, fuzzy
+#| msgid ""
+#| "“But now we live in a world where it’s really easy to share information "
+#| "widely and also to communicate widely. In the world we live in now, the "
+#| "best future is the one where everyone can make well-informed decisions."
msgid ""
-"“But now we live in a world where it’s really easy to share information "
+"\"But now we live in a world where it’s really easy to share information "
"widely and also to communicate widely. In the world we live in now, the best "
"future is the one where everyone can make well-informed decisions."
msgstr ""
"informasjon</quote>."
#. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para>
-#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:5100
+#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:5421
+#, fuzzy
+#| msgid ""
+#| "“The use of numbers and data as a way of making well-informed decisions "
+#| "is one of the areas where there is the biggest gaps. We don’t really use "
+#| "numbers as a part of our thinking and part of our understanding yet."
msgid ""
-"“The use of numbers and data as a way of making well-informed decisions is "
+"\"The use of numbers and data as a way of making well-informed decisions is "
"one of the areas where there is the biggest gaps. We don’t really use "
"numbers as a part of our thinking and part of our understanding yet."
msgstr ""
"ikke tall som en del av vår tenkning og forståelse ennå</quote>."
#. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para>
-#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:5106
-msgid ""
-"“Part of the reason is the way data is spread across hundreds of sites. In "
+#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:5427
+#, fuzzy
+#| msgid ""
+#| "“Part of the reason is the way data is spread across hundreds of sites. "
+#| "In addition, for the most part, deep thinking based on data is "
+#| "constrained to experts because most people don’t have data literacy. "
+#| "There once was a time when many citizens in society couldn’t read or "
+#| "write. However, as a society, we’ve now come to believe that reading and "
+#| "writing skills should be something all citizens have. We haven’t yet "
+#| "adopted a similar belief around numbers and data literacy. We largely "
+#| "still believe that only a few specially trained people can analyze and "
+#| "think with numbers."
+msgid ""
+"\"Part of the reason is the way data is spread across hundreds of sites. In "
"addition, for the most part, deep thinking based on data is constrained to "
"experts because most people don’t have data literacy. There once was a time "
"when many citizens in society couldn’t read or write. However, as a society, "
"kan analysere og tenke med tall</quote>."
#. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para>
-#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:5117
+#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:5438
+#, fuzzy
+#| msgid ""
+#| "“Figure.NZ may be the first organization to assert that everyone can use "
+#| "numbers in their thinking, and it’s built a technological platform along "
+#| "with trust and a network of relationships to make that possible. What you "
+#| "can see on Figure.NZ are tens of thousands of graphs, maps, and data."
msgid ""
-"“Figure.NZ may be the first organization to assert that everyone can use "
+"\"Figure.NZ may be the first organization to assert that everyone can use "
"numbers in their thinking, and it’s built a technological platform along "
"with trust and a network of relationships to make that possible. What you "
"can see on Figure.NZ are tens of thousands of graphs, maps, and data."
"se på Figure.NZ er titusenvis av grafer, kart og data</quote>."
#. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para>
-#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:5124
+#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:5445
#, fuzzy
#| msgid ""
#| "“Figure.NZ sees this as a new kind of alphabet that can help people "
"fremtiden</quote>."
#. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para>
-#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:5133
+#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:5454
#, fuzzy
#| msgid ""
#| "Lillian sees Figure.NZ’s model as having global potential. But for now, "
msgid ""
"Lillian sees Figure.NZ’s model as having global potential. But for now, "
"their focus is completely on making Figure.NZ work in New Zealand and to get "
-"the <quote>network effect</quote>— users dramatically increasing value for "
-"themselves and for others through use of their service. Creative Commons is "
-"core to making the network effect possible."
+"the <quote>network effect</quote>—"
+msgstr ""
+"Lillian ser Figure.NZs modell i lys av å ha et globalt potensiale. Uansett "
+"er deres fokus nå fullt ut utførelsen av Figure.NZs arbeid i New Zealand, og "
+"realiseringen av <quote>nettverkseffekten</quote> – at brukere dramatisk "
+"øker egen og andres nytteverdi ved bruk av tjenesten. Creative Commons er "
+"kjernen som gjør denne nettverkseffekten mulig."
+
+#. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para>
+#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:5459
+#, fuzzy
+#| msgid ""
+#| "Lillian sees Figure.NZ’s model as having global potential. But for now, "
+#| "their focus is completely on making Figure.NZ work in New Zealand and to "
+#| "get the “network effect”— users dramatically increasing value for "
+#| "themselves and for others through use of their service. Creative Commons "
+#| "is core to making the network effect possible."
+msgid ""
+"users dramatically increasing value for themselves and for others through "
+"use of their service. Creative Commons is core to making the network effect "
+"possible."
msgstr ""
"Lillian ser Figure.NZs modell i lys av å ha et globalt potensiale. Uansett "
"er deres fokus nå fullt ut utførelsen av Figure.NZs arbeid i New Zealand, og "
"kjernen som gjør denne nettverkseffekten mulig."
#. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><title>
-#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:5142
+#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:5466
msgid "Knowledge Unlatched"
msgstr "Knowledge Unlatched"
#. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><blockquote><para>
-#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:5145
+#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:5469
msgid ""
"Knowledge Unlatched is a not-for-profit community interest company that "
"brings libraries together to pool funds to publish open-access books. "
"Grunnlagt 2012 i Storbritannia."
#. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><blockquote><para>
-#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:5150
+#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:5474
msgid "<ulink url=\"http://knowledgeunlatched.org\"/>"
msgstr "<ulink url=\"http://knowledgeunlatched.org\"/>"
#. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><blockquote><para>
-#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:5152
+#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:5477
msgid ""
"<emphasis role=\"strong\">Revenue model</emphasis>: crowdfunding "
"(specialized)"
"(spesialisert)"
#. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><blockquote><para>
-#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:5155
+#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:5481
msgid "<emphasis role=\"strong\">Interview date</emphasis>: February 26, 2016"
msgstr ""
"<emphasis role=\"strong\">Dato for intervju</emphasis>: 26. februar 2016"
#. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><blockquote><para>
-#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:5158
+#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:5485
msgid ""
"<emphasis role=\"strong\">Interviewee</emphasis>: Frances Pinter, founder"
msgstr ""
"<emphasis role=\"strong\">Intervjuet</emphasis>: Frances Pinter, grunnlegger"
#. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para>
-#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:5166
+#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:5493
#, fuzzy
#| msgid ""
#| "The serial entrepreneur Dr. Frances Pinter has been at the forefront of "
"Innovation Award-pris for innovasjon i utdanning i 2015."
#. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para>
-#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:5182
+#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:5509
#, fuzzy
#| msgid ""
#| "Dr. Pinter has been in academic publishing most of her career. About ten "
"både å beskytte innhold på nettet, og fordele det gratis for brukere."
#. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para>
-#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:5189
+#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:5516
msgid ""
"Not long after, she ran a project in Africa convincing publishers in Uganda "
"and South Africa to put some of their content online for free using a "
"ned."
#. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para>
-#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:5195
+#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:5522
msgid ""
"In 2008, Bloomsbury Academic, a new imprint of Bloomsbury Publishing in the "
"United Kingdom, appointed her its founding publisher in London. As part of "
"for det trykte formatet."
#. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para>
-#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:5212
+#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:5539
#, fuzzy
#| msgid ""
#| "Frances began to look at customer interest in the three forms of the "
"en iskrem sundae."
#. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para>
-#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:5221
+#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:5548
msgid ""
"After a while, Frances had an epiphany—what if there was a way to get "
"libraries to underwrite the costs of making these books up until they’re "
"boken - kjeksisen eller iskuler med pynt."
#. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para>
-#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:5230
+#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:5557
#, fuzzy
#| msgid ""
#| "This idea is similar to the article-processing charge some open-access "
"åpen tilgangs-versjon av bøker utgitt med en Creative Commons-lisens."
#. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para>
-#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:5238
+#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:5565
msgid ""
"This idea really took hold in her mind. She didn’t really have a name for it "
"but began talking about it and making presentations to see if there was "
"profit samfunnsforetak) i 2012."
#. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para>
-#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:5249
+#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:5576
msgid ""
"She describes the business model in a paper called Knowledge Unlatched: "
"Toward an Open and Networked Future for Academic Publishing:"
"Unlatched: Toward an Open and Networked Future for Academic Publishing:"
#. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><orderedlist><listitem><para>
-#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:5256
+#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:5583
msgid ""
"Publishers offer titles for sale reflecting origination costs only via "
"Knowledge Unlatched."
"bare via Knowlegde Unlatched."
#. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><orderedlist><listitem><para>
-#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:5262
+#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:5589
msgid ""
"Individual libraries select titles either as individual titles or as "
"collections (as they do from library suppliers now)."
"samlinger (slik de gjør fra bibliotekleverandører i dag)."
#. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><orderedlist><listitem><para>
-#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:5268
+#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:5595
msgid ""
"Their selections are sent to Knowledge Unlatched specifying the titles to be "
"purchased at the stated price(s)."
"kjøpes spesifiseres og prisene angis."
#. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><orderedlist><listitem><para>
-#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:5274
+#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:5601
msgid ""
"The price, called a Title Fee (set by publishers and negotiated by Knowledge "
"Unlatched), is paid to publishers to cover the fixed costs of publishing "
"dekket Title Fee-gebyret."
#. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><orderedlist><listitem><para>
-#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:5283
+#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:5610
msgid ""
"Publishers make the selected titles available Open Access (on a Creative "
"Commons or similar open license) and are then paid the Title Fee which is "
"beløpet som er den summen som er innbetalt fra bibliotekene."
#. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><orderedlist><listitem><para><footnote><para>
-#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:5293
+#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:5622
msgid "<ulink url=\"http://www.pinter.org.uk/pdfs/Toward_an_Open.pdf\"/>"
msgstr "<ulink url=\"http://www.pinter.org.uk/pdfs/Toward_an_Open.pdf\"/>"
#. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><orderedlist><listitem><para>
-#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:5290
+#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:5617
msgid ""
"Publishers make print copies, e-Pub, and other digital versions of selected "
"titles available to member libraries at a discount that reflects their "
"<placeholder type=\"footnote\" id=\"0\"/>"
#. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para>
-#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:5298
+#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:5629
msgid ""
"The first round of this model resulted in a collection of twenty-eight "
"current titles from thirteen recognized scholarly publishers being "
"på utgiftene, og pr. bok kom de ned i under 43 dollar pr. bok."
#. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para><footnote><para>
-#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:5309
+#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:5642
msgid ""
"<ulink url=\"http://collections.knowledgeunlatched.org/collection-"
"availability-1/\"/>"
"availability-1/\"/>"
#. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para>
-#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:5308
+#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:5639
msgid ""
"The open-access, Creative Commons versions of these twenty-eight books are "
"still available online.<placeholder type=\"footnote\" id=\"0\"/> Most books "
"(royalty) for salg av fysiske kopier."
#. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para>
-#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:5319
+#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:5654
msgid ""
"There are three cost variables to consider for each round: the overall cost "
"incurred by the publishers, total cost for each library to acquire all the "
"deltar."
#. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para>
-#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:5331
+#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:5666
msgid ""
"The second round, recently completed, unlatched seventy-eight books from "
"twenty-six publishers. For this round, Frances was experimenting with the "
"og til sist, unnfanging."
#. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para>
-#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:5346
+#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:5681
msgid ""
"The longest part of the whole process is getting libraries to pledge and "
"commit funds. It takes about five months, as library buy-in has to fit "
"passe inn i kjøpssykluser, budsjettrunder, og bibliotekkomiteers møter."
#. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para>
-#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:5352
+#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:5687
msgid ""
"Knowledge Unlatched informs and recruits libraries through social media, "
"mailing lists, listservs, and library associations. Of the three hundred "
"fått enda flere biblioteker med i laget."
#. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para>
-#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:5362
+#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:5697
msgid ""
"Knowledge Unlatched is scaling up, offering 150 new titles in the second "
"half of 2016. It will also offer backlist titles, and in 2017 will start to "
"også, med fri tilgang på alt."
#. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para>
-#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:5367
+#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:5702
msgid ""
"Knowledge Unlatched deliberately chose monographs as the initial type of "
"book to unlatch. Monographs are foundational and important, but also "
"lukkede standard publiseringsmodellenen."
#. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para>
-#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:5373
+#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:5708
msgid ""
"The cost for the publisher to get to a first digital copy of a monograph is "
"$5,000 to $50,000. A good one costs in the $10,000 to $15,000 range. "
"13 av dem, i andre runde gikk det ikke mer enn en måned for å få 26."
#. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para><footnote><para>
-#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:5390
+#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:5727
msgid ""
"<ulink url=\"http://www.knowledgeunlatched.org/featured-authors-section/\"/>"
msgstr ""
"<ulink url=\"http://www.knowledgeunlatched.org/featured-authors-section/\"/>"
#. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para>
-#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:5383
+#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:5718
msgid ""
"Authors don’t generally make a lot of royalties from monographs. Royalties "
"range from zero dollars to 5 to 10 percent of receipts. The value to the "
"ved å delta.)<placeholder type=\"footnote\" id=\"0\"/>"
#. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para>
-#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:5393
+#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:5732
msgid ""
"Library budgets are constantly being squeezed, partly due to the inflation "
"of journal subscriptions. But even without budget constraints, academic "
"digitale versjonen."
#. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para>
-#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:5404
+#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:5743
msgid ""
"Knowledge Unlatched offers libraries a compelling economic argument. Many of "
"the participating libraries would have bought a copy of the monograph "
"bibliotekene, men for hele verden."
#. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para>
-#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:5412
+#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:5751
msgid ""
"Not only do the economics make sense, but there is very strong alignment "
"with library mandates. The participating libraries pay less than they would "
"førsterunden lastet ned nesten åtti tusen ganger i 175 land."
#. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para>
-#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:5425
+#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:5764
msgid ""
"For publishers, authors, and librarians, the Knowledge Unlatched model for "
"monographs is a win-win-win."
"for monografier en vinn-vinn-situasjon."
#. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para>
-#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:5429
+#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:5768
msgid ""
"In the first round, Knowledge Unlatched’s overheads were covered by grants. "
"In the second round, they aim to demonstrate the model is sustainable. "
"frikjøp av tidsskifter og eldre bøker."
#. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para>
-#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:5440
+#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:5779
msgid ""
"Frances believes that Knowledge Unlatched is tapping into new ways of "
"valuing academic content. It’s about considering how many people can find, "
"snarere enn en revolusjon."
#. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><title>
-#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:5452
+#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:5792
msgid "Lumen Learning"
msgstr "Lumen Learning"
#. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><blockquote><para>
-#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:5455
+#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:5795
msgid ""
"Lumen Learning is a for-profit company helping educational institutions use "
"open educational resources (OER). Founded in 2013 in the U.S."
"educational resources). Grunnlagt 2013 i USA."
#. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><blockquote><para>
-#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:5460
+#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:5800
msgid "<ulink url=\"http://lumenlearning.com\"/>"
msgstr "<ulink url=\"http://lumenlearning.com\"/>"
#. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><blockquote><para>
-#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:5462
+#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:5803
msgid ""
"<emphasis role=\"strong\">Revenue model</emphasis>: charging for custom "
"services, grant funding"
"tjenester, gi finansiering"
#. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><blockquote><para>
-#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:5465
+#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:5807
msgid "<emphasis role=\"strong\">Interview date</emphasis>: December 21, 2015"
msgstr ""
"<emphasis role=\"strong\">Dato for intervju</emphasis>: 21. desember 2015"
#. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><blockquote><para>
-#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:5468
+#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:5811
msgid ""
"<emphasis role=\"strong\">Interviewees</emphasis>: David Wiley and Kim "
"Thanos, cofounders"
"medgrunnleggere"
#. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para><footnote><para>
-#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:5482
+#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:5827
msgid "<ulink url=\"http://lumenlearning.com/innovative-projects/\"/>"
msgstr "<ulink url=\"http://lumenlearning.com/innovative-projects/\"/>"
#. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para>
-#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:5476
+#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:5819
msgid ""
"Cofounded by open education visionary Dr. David Wiley and education-"
"technology strategist Kim Thanos, Lumen Learning is dedicated to improving "
"opprette Lumen Learning."
#. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para>
-#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:5499
+#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:5846
msgid ""
"David and Kim went back and forth on whether it should be a nonprofit or "
"for- profit. A nonprofit would make it a more comfortable fit with the "
"donasjonen skal brukes, er det ofte ikke mye fleksibilitet til å gjøre det."
#. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para>
-#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:5509
+#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:5856
msgid ""
"But as a for-profit, they’d have to convince educational institutions to pay "
"for what Lumen had to offer. On the positive side, they’d have more control "
"bærekraftig utvikling."
#. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para>
-#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:5518
+#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:5865
msgid ""
"Right from the start, David and Kim positioned Lumen Learning as a way to "
"help institutions engage in open educational resources, or OER. OER are "
"frie bruk og gjenbruk."
#. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para>
-#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:5526
+#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:5873
msgid ""
"Originally, Lumen did custom contracts for each institution. This was "
"complicated and challenging to manage. However, through that process "
"universiteter –"
#. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><itemizedlist><listitem><para>
-#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:5542
+#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:5889
msgid "replace expensive textbooks in high-enrollment courses with OER;"
msgstr "å erstatte dyre lærebøker i kurs med mange påmeldinger med OER;"
#. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><itemizedlist><listitem><para>
-#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:5548
+#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:5895
msgid ""
"provide enrolled students day one access to Lumen’s fully customizable OER "
"course materials through the institution’s learning-management system;"
"læringshåndtering;"
#. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><itemizedlist><listitem><para>
-#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:5555
+#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:5902
msgid ""
"measure improvements in student success with metrics like passing rates, "
"persistence, and course completion; and"
"utholdenhet, og kursfullførelse; og"
#. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><itemizedlist><listitem><para>
-#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:5561
+#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:5908
msgid ""
"collaborate with faculty to make ongoing improvements to OER based on "
"student success research."
"basert på kunnskap om studentens studiefremgang."
#. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para>
-#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:5567
+#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:5914
msgid ""
"Lumen has developed a suite of open, Creative Commons–licensed courseware in "
"more than sixty-five subjects. All courses are freely and publicly available "
"lisensen."
#. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para>
-#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:5575
+#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:5922
msgid ""
"Then there are three types of bundled services that cost money. One option, "
"which Lumen calls Candela courseware, offers integration with the "
"dollar pr. deltagende student."
#. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para>
-#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:5583
+#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:5930
msgid ""
"A second option is Waymaker, which offers the services of Candela but adds "
"personalized learning technologies, such as study plans, automated messages, "
"dollar pr. deltagende student."
#. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para>
-#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:5590
+#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:5937
msgid ""
"The third and emerging line of business for Lumen is providing guidance and "
"support for institutions and state systems that are pursuing the development "
"andre dyre ressurser med OER."
#. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para>
-#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:5599
+#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:5946
msgid ""
"Lumen generates revenue by charging for their value-added tools and services "
"on top of their free courses, just as solar-power companies provide the "
"i samfunnet."
#. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para>
-#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:5616
+#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:5963
msgid ""
"In most cases, development of their courses is funded by the institution "
"Lumen has a contract with. When creating new courses, Lumen typically works "
"den beste OER de kan finne i så henseende, som fakultetet så etterser."
#. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para>
-#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:5627
+#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:5974
msgid ""
"Sometimes faculty like the existing OER but not the way it is presented. The "
"open licensing of existing OER allows Lumen to pick and choose from images, "
"Lumens innhold blir gitt en henvisning – Attribusjon (CC BY)-lisens."
#. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para>
-#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:5638
+#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:5985
msgid ""
"Using only OER made them experience firsthand how complex it could be to mix "
"differently licensed work together. A common strategy with OER is to place "
"forskjellig OER."
#. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para>
-#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:5646
+#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:5993
msgid ""
"Remixing OER often results in multiple attributions on every page of every "
"course—text from one place, images from another, and videos from yet "
"henvisninger som metadata, for å få det til å vises på slutten av hver side."
#. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para>
-#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:5657
+#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:6004
msgid ""
"Lumen’s commitment to open licensing and helping low-income students has led "
"to strong relationships with institutions, open-education enthusiasts, and "
"antall generelle henvendelser Lumens salgskapasitet."
#. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para>
-#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:5665
+#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:6012
msgid ""
"To manage demand and ensure the success of projects, their strategy is to be "
"proactive and focus on what’s going on in higher education in different "
"størst antall elever."
#. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para>
-#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:5678
+#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:6025
msgid ""
"As a business, Lumen is committed to openness. There are two core "
"nonnegotiables: Lumen’s use of CC BY, the most permissive of the Creative "
"bærekraften i Lumen beholdes."
#. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para>
-#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:5688
+#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:6035
msgid ""
"Openness also means that Lumen’s OER must necessarily be nonexclusive and "
"nonrivalrous. This represents several big challenges for the business model: "
"nytte av, og bidrar til dette åpne samfunnet."
#. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para>
-#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:5698
+#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:6045
msgid ""
"In the OER sector, there are examples of corporations, and even "
"institutions, acting as free riders. Some simply take and use open resources "
"og med gir tilbake generøst."
#. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para>
-#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:5707
+#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:6054
msgid ""
"Lumen does track institutions accessing and using their free content. They "
"proactively contact those institutions, with an estimate of how much their "
"utvikling og forbedring av den OER-en de bruker."
#. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para>
-#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:5718
+#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:6065
msgid ""
"Lumen works hard to be a good corporate citizen in the OER community. For "
"David and Kim, a good corporate citizen gives more than they take, adds "
"alle disse faktorene."
#. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para>
-#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:5727
+#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:6074
msgid ""
"Licensing all the content they produce with CC BY is a key part of giving "
"more value than they take. They’ve also worked hard at finding the right "
"er forståelig, og som kan gjentas."
#. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para>
-#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:5733
+#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:6080
msgid ""
"As of the fall 2016 term, Lumen had eighty-six different open courses, "
"working relationships with ninety-two institutions, and more than seventy-"
"erstatte donasjoner med inntekter."
#. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para>
-#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:5745
+#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:6092
msgid ""
"In creating Lumen Learning, David and Kim say they’ve landed on solutions "
"they never imagined, and there is still a lot of learning taking place. For "
"vite hvor du står, og ikke vike tilbake. Det er et spørsmål om tillit."
#. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><title>
-#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:5756
+#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:6104
msgid "Jonathan Mann"
msgstr "Jonathan Mann"
#. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><blockquote><para>
-#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:5759
+#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:6107
msgid ""
"Jonathan Mann is a singer and songwriter who is most well known as the "
"<quote>Song A Day</quote> guy. Based in the U.S."
"Day</quote>-fyren. Han holder til i USA."
#. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><blockquote><para>
-#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:5762
+#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:6111
msgid ""
"<ulink url=\"http://jonathanmann.net\"/> and <ulink url=\"http://"
"jonathanmann.bandcamp.com\"/>"
"bandcamp.com\"/>"
#. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><blockquote><para>
-#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:5765
+#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:6115
msgid ""
"<emphasis role=\"strong\">Revenue model</emphasis>: charging for custom "
"services, pay-what-you-want, crowdfunding (subscription-based), charging for "
"for personlige versjoner (inntekter fra foredrag og musikalske opptredener)"
#. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><blockquote><para>
-#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:5770
+#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:6121
msgid "<emphasis role=\"strong\">Interview date</emphasis>: February 22, 2016"
msgstr ""
"<emphasis role=\"strong\">Dato for intervju</emphasis>: 22. februar 2016"
#. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para>
-#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:5778
+#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:6129
msgid ""
"Jonathan Mann thinks of his business model as <quote>hustling</quote>—"
"seizing nearly every opportunity he sees to make money. The bulk of his "
"konferansens sesjoner."
#. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para>
-#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:5790
+#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:6141
msgid ""
"His entrepreneurial spirit is coupled with a willingness to take action "
"quickly. A perfect illustration of his ability to act fast happened in 2010, "
"erfaringen ga ham oppslag i Time magazine."
#. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para>
-#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:5801
+#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:6152
msgid ""
"Jonathan’s successful <quote>hustling</quote> is also about old-fashioned "
"persistence. He is currently in his eighth straight year of writing one song "
"låtskriving, og han er viden kjent som <quote>en-sang-om-dagen-fyren</quote>."
#. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para>
-#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:5808
+#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:6159
msgid ""
"He fell into this role by, naturally, seizing a random opportunity a friend "
"alerted him to seven years ago—an event called Fun-A-Day, where people are "
"nettet enn bare lyttet til lydfiler."
#. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para>
-#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:5818
+#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:6169
msgid ""
"He had a really good time doing the thirty-one-day challenge, so he decided "
"to see if he could continue it for one year. He never stopped. He has "
"han seg, og får noen andre til å legge ut sangen for ham."
#. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para>
-#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:5834
+#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:6185
msgid ""
"Over time, the song-a-day gig became the basis of his livelihood. In the "
"beginning, he made money one of two ways. The first was by entering a wide "
"sanger for dem. I dag tjener han mesteparten av pengene sine på den måten."
#. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para>
-#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:5843
+#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:6194
msgid ""
"His website explains his gig as <quote>taking any message, from the super "
"simple to the totally complicated, and conveying that message through a "
"finansierte produksjonen av denne boken."
#. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para>
-#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:5852
+#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:6203
msgid ""
"Jonathan can’t recall when exactly he first learned about Creative Commons, "
"but he began applying CC licenses to his songs and videos as soon as he "
"kunne deles.</quote>"
#. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para>
-#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:5861
+#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:6212
#, fuzzy
#| msgid ""
#| "His songs are essentially marketing for his services, so obviously the "
"undergravd det</quote>."
#. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para>
-#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:5871
+#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:6222
msgid ""
"There are some people who cover his songs fairly regularly, and he would "
"never shut that down. But he acknowledges there is a lot more he could do to "
"ingenting av dette</quote>, sa Jonathan."
#. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para>
-#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:5878
+#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:6229
#, fuzzy
#| msgid ""
#| "He does have a fan community he cultivates on Bandcamp, but it isn’t his "
"å skrive egendefinerte sanger for klienter."
#. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para>
-#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:5888
+#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:6239
msgid ""
"Jonathan recognizes what comes naturally to him and leverages those skills. "
"Through the practice of daily songwriting, he realized he has a gift for "
"tekniske begreper til noe forståelig."
#. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para>
-#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:5900
+#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:6251
+#, fuzzy
+#| msgid ""
+#| "When he is hired by a client to write a song, he first asks them to send "
+#| "a list of talking points and other information they want to include in "
+#| "the song. He puts all of that into a text file and starts moving things "
+#| "around, cutting and pasting until the message starts to come together. "
+#| "The first thing he tries to do is grok the core message and develop the "
+#| "chorus. Then he looks for connections or parts he can make rhyme. The "
+#| "entire process really does resemble good journalism, but of course the "
+#| "final product of his work is a song rather than news. <quote>There is "
+#| "something about being challenged and forced to take information that "
+#| "doesn’t seem like it should be sung about or doesn’t seem like it lends "
+#| "itself to a song,</quote> he said. <quote>I find that creative challenge "
+#| "really satisfying. I enjoy getting lost in that process.</quote>"
msgid ""
"When he is hired by a client to write a song, he first asks them to send a "
"list of talking points and other information they want to include in the "
"thing he tries to do is grok the core message and develop the chorus. Then "
"he looks for connections or parts he can make rhyme. The entire process "
"really does resemble good journalism, but of course the final product of his "
-"work is a song rather than news. <quote>There is something about being "
-"challenged and forced to take information that doesn’t seem like it should "
-"be sung about or doesn’t seem like it lends itself to a song,</quote> he "
-"said. <quote>I find that creative challenge really satisfying. I enjoy "
-"getting lost in that process.</quote>"
+"work is a song rather than news. \"There is something about being challenged "
+"and forced to take information that doesn’t seem like it should be sung about"
msgstr ""
"Når han har fått i oppdrag å skrive en sang for en klient, ber han dem først "
"om å sende en liste med samtalepunkter og annen informasjon som de ønsker å "
"meg i den prosessen</quote>."
#. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para>
-#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:5916
+#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:6264
+msgid ""
+"or doesn’t seem like it lends itself to a song,\" he said. <quote>I find "
+"that creative challenge really satisfying. I enjoy getting lost in that "
+"process.</quote>"
+msgstr ""
+
+#. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para>
+#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:6269
msgid ""
"Jonathan admits that in an ideal world, he would exclusively write the music "
"he wanted to write, rather than what clients hire him to write. But his "
"funnet en måte å holde det interessant for seg selv."
#. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para>
-#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:5923
+#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:6276
#, fuzzy
#| msgid ""
#| "Jonathan uses nearly every tool possible to make money from his art, but "
"stedet for å etterligne andres."
#. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para>
-#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:5935
+#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:6288
msgid ""
"Jonathan’s song-a-day commitment exemplifies the power of habit and grit. "
"Conventional wisdom about creative productivity, including advice in books "
"prinsippene."
#. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para>
-#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:5944
+#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:6297
msgid ""
"When he speaks about his work, he talks about how much the song-a-day "
"process has changed him. Rather than seeing any given piece of work as "
"bli bedre."
#. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para>
-#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:5951
+#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:6304
msgid ""
"Jonathan seems to have this mentality about his career more generally. He is "
"constantly experimenting with ways to make a living while sharing his work "
"av Steve Jobs, sier han at aldri føler seg virkelig vellykket."
#. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para>
-#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:5958
+#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:6312
msgid ""
"<quote>Success feels like it’s over,</quote> he said. <quote>To a certain "
"extent, a creative person is not ever going to feel completely satisfied "
"vil så mye av det vedkommende driver med være borte.</quote>"
#. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><title>
-#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:5965
+#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:6319
msgid "Noun Project"
msgstr "Noun-prosjektet"
#. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><blockquote><para>
-#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:5968
+#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:6322
msgid ""
"The Noun Project is a for-profit company offering an online platform to "
"display visual icons from a global network of designers. Founded in 2010 in "
"USA."
#. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><blockquote><para>
-#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:5973
+#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:6327
msgid "<ulink url=\"http://thenounproject.com\"/>"
msgstr "<ulink url=\"http://thenounproject.com\"/>"
#. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><blockquote><para>
-#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:5975
+#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:6330
msgid ""
"<emphasis role=\"strong\">Revenue model</emphasis>: charging a transaction "
"fee, charging for custom services"
"transaksjonsgebyr, betaling for tilpassede tjenester"
#. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><blockquote><para>
-#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:5978
+#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:6334
msgid "<emphasis role=\"strong\">Interview date</emphasis>: October 6, 2015"
msgstr ""
"<emphasis role=\"strong\">Dato for intervju</emphasis>: 6. oktober 2015"
#. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><blockquote><para>
-#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:5981
+#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:6338
msgid ""
"<emphasis role=\"strong\">Interviewee</emphasis>: Edward Boatman, cofounder"
msgstr ""
"medgrunnlegger"
#. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para>
-#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:5989
+#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:6346
msgid ""
"The Noun Project creates and shares visual language. There are millions who "
"use Noun Project symbols to simplify communication across borders, "
"grenser, språk og kulturer."
#. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para>
-#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:5994
+#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:6351
msgid ""
"The original idea for the Noun Project came to cofounder Edward Boatman "
"while he was a student in architecture design school. He’d always done a lot "
"for hvert enkelt objekt eller begrep i verden."
#. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para>
-#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:6002
+#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:6359
msgid ""
"When Edward went on to work at an architecture firm, he had to make a lot of "
"presentation boards for clients. But finding high-quality sources for "
"hjelpe dem som var i lignende situasjoner."
#. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para>
-#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:6010
+#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:6367
msgid ""
"With his partner, Sofya Polyakov, he began collecting symbols for a website "
"and writing a business plan. Inspiration came from the book Professor and "
"frivillige designere over hele verden."
#. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para><footnote><para>
-#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:6021
+#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:6380
msgid ""
"<ulink url=\"http://www.kickstarter.com/projects/tnp/building-a-free-"
"collection-of-our-worlds-visual-sy/description\"/>"
"collection-of-our-worlds-visual-sy/description\"/>"
#. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para>
-#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:6018
+#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:6375
msgid ""
"Then Edward got laid off during the recession, which turned out to be a huge "
"catalyst. He decided to give his idea a go, and in 2010 Edward and Sofya "
"større."
#. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para>
-#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:6027
+#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:6388
#, fuzzy
#| msgid ""
#| "They created a platform where symbols and icons could be uploaded, and "
"verden."
#. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para>
-#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:6035
+#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:6396
msgid ""
"The Noun Project currently has about seven thousand designers from around "
"the world. But not all submissions are accepted. The Noun Project’s quality-"
"fellesskap av designere."
#. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para>
-#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:6044
+#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:6405
msgid ""
"Creative Commons is an integral part of the Noun Project’s business model; "
"this decision was inspired by Chris Anderson’s book Free: The Future of "
"forretningsmodell rundt gratis innhold."
#. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para>
-#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:6051
+#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:6412
msgid ""
"Edward knew he wanted to offer a free visual language while still providing "
"some protection and reward for its contributors. There is a tension between "
"ut i det offentlige rom."
#. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para>
-#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:6065
+#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:6426
#, fuzzy
#| msgid ""
#| "Noun Project’s business model and means of generating revenue have "
"quote>."
#. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para>
-#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:6076
+#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:6437
msgid ""
"They asked their global network of designers whether they’d be open to "
"receiving modest remuneration instead of attribution. Designers saw it as a "
"spennende for de fleste designere."
#. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para>
-#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:6083
+#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:6444
msgid ""
"The Noun Project first adopted a model whereby using an icon without giving "
"attribution would cost $1.99 per icon. The model’s second iteration added a "
"skapere, og bra for plattformen."
#. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para>
-#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:6097
+#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:6458
#, fuzzy
#| msgid ""
#| "Customers then began asking for an application-programming interface "
"kjøp av en API Pro-versjon."
#. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para>
-#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:6111
+#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:6472
msgid ""
"The Noun Project shares revenue with its international designers. For one-"
"off purchases, the revenue is split 70 percent to the designer and 30 "
"prosjektet."
#. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para>
-#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:6116
+#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:6477
msgid ""
"The revenue from premium purchases (the subscription and API options) is "
"split a little differently. At the end of each month, the total revenue from "
"brukeren."
#. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para><footnote><para>
-#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:6128
-#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:6200
+#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:6491
+#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:6567
msgid ""
"<ulink url=\"http://thenounproject.com/handbook/royalties/#getting_paid\"/>"
msgstr ""
"<ulink url=\"http://thenounproject.com/handbook/royalties/#getting_paid\"/>"
#. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para>
-#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:6127
+#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:6488
msgid ""
"The Noun Project tries to be completely transparent about their royalty "
"structure.<placeholder type=\"footnote\" id=\"0\"/> They tend to over "
"dette overfor innholdsleverandørene da tillitsbygging har høyeste prioritet."
#. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para>
-#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:6132
+#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:6497
msgid ""
"For most creators, contributing to the Noun Project is not a full-time job "
"but something they do on the side. Edward categorizes monthly earnings for "
"betale husleien."
#. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para>
-#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:6139
+#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:6504
msgid ""
"Recently the Noun Project launched a new app called Lingo. Designers can "
"use Lingo to organize not just their Noun Project icons and symbols but also "
"abonnerer på NounPro, kan du åpne Noun-prosjektet direkte fra Lingo."
#. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para>
-#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:6153
+#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:6518
msgid ""
"The Noun Project gives a ton of value away for free. A very large percentage "
"of their roughly one million members have a free account, but there are "
"lærere og andre som trenger å kommunisere ideer visuelt."
#. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para>
-#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:6160
+#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:6525
#, fuzzy
#| msgid ""
#| "For Edward, “creating, sharing, and celebrating the world’s visual "
"andre som tilbyr grafikk, ikoner eller utklipp."
#. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para>
-#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:6166
+#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:6531
msgid ""
"Noun Project creators agree. When surveyed on why they participate in the "
"Noun Project, this is how designers rank their reasons: 1) to support the "
"penger."
#. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para>
-#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:6175
+#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:6540
msgid ""
"In Edward’s view, Creative Commons is central to their mission of sharing "
"and social good. Using Creative Commons makes the Noun Project’s mission "
"troverdighet. CC kommer med et innebygd fellesskap med brukere og tilhengere."
#. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para>
-#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:6182
+#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:6547
#, fuzzy
#| msgid ""
#| "Edward told us, “Don’t underestimate the power of a passionate community "
"fortsette å gi det næring</quote>."
#. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para>
-#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:6192
+#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:6557
msgid ""
"The Noun Project nurtures their creators’ second motivation—promoting a "
"personal brand—by connecting every icon and symbol to the creator’s name and "
"Brukerne kan også søke i ikonene etter designerens navn."
#. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para>
-#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:6199
+#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:6564
msgid ""
"The Noun Project also builds community through Iconathons—hackathons for "
"icons.<placeholder type=\"footnote\" id=\"0\"/> In partnership with a "
"brukes gratis av alle."
#. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para>
-#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:6208
+#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:6577
msgid ""
"Providing a free version of their product that satisfies a lot of their "
"customers’ needs has actually enabled the Noun Project to build the paid "
"integrere Creative Commons i modellen har vært nøkkelen til å nå dette målet."
#. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><title>
-#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:6219
+#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:6589
msgid "Open Data Institute"
msgstr "Open Data-instituttet"
#. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><blockquote><para>
-#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:6222
+#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:6592
msgid ""
"The Open Data Institute is an independent nonprofit that connects, equips, "
"and inspires people around the world to innovate with data. Founded in 2012 "
"2012 i Storbritannia."
#. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><blockquote><para>
-#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:6227
+#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:6597
msgid "<ulink url=\"http://theodi.org\"/>"
msgstr "<ulink url=\"http://theodi.org\"/>"
#. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><blockquote><para>
-#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:6229
+#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:6600
msgid ""
"<emphasis role=\"strong\">Revenue model</emphasis>: grant and government "
"funding, charging for custom services, donations"
"offentlig finansiering, betaling for tilpassede tjenester, donasjoner"
#. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><blockquote><para>
-#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:6232
+#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:6604
msgid "<emphasis role=\"strong\">Interview date</emphasis>: November 11, 2015"
msgstr "<emphasis role=\"strong\">Intervjudato</emphasis>: 11. november 2015"
#. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><blockquote><para>
-#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:6235
+#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:6608
msgid ""
"<emphasis role=\"strong\">Interviewee</emphasis>: Jeni Tennison, technical "
"director"
"direktør"
#. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para>
-#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:6243
+#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:6616
msgid ""
"Cofounded by Sir Tim Berners-Lee and Sir Nigel Shadbolt in 2012, the London-"
"based Open Data Institute (ODI) offers data-related training, events, "
"å hjelpe folk rundt i verden å innovere med data."
#. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para>
-#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:6253
+#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:6626
msgid ""
"Data underpins planning and decision making across all aspects of society. "
"Weather data helps farmers know when to plant their crops, flight time data "
"til å forbedre sine liv ved å bedre forstå hva som skjer rundt dem."
#. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para>
-#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:6265
+#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:6638
msgid ""
"The Open Data Institute’s 2012–17 business plan starts out by describing its "
"vision to establish itself as a world-leading center and to research and be "
"og åpne-data-initiativer.) Den fortsetter med å si at ODI vil –"
#. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><itemizedlist><listitem><para>
-#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:6275
+#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:6648
msgid ""
"demonstrate the commercial value of open government data and how open-data "
"policies affect this;"
"åpen data-politikk berører dette;"
#. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><itemizedlist><listitem><para>
-#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:6281
+#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:6654
msgid "develop the economic benefits case and business models for open data;"
msgstr ""
"utvikle eksempler på de økonomiske fordelene – og forretningsmodeller for "
"åpne data;"
#. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><itemizedlist><listitem><para>
-#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:6287
+#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:6660
msgid "help UK businesses use open data; and"
msgstr "hjelpe britiske bedrifter å bruke åpne data; og"
#. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><itemizedlist><listitem><para><footnote><para>
-#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:6292
+#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:6667
msgid ""
"<ulink url=\"http://e642e8368e3bf8d5526e-464b4b70b4554c1a79566214d402739e.r6."
"cf3.rackcdn.com/odi-business-plan-may-release.pdf\"/>"
"cf3.rackcdn.com/odi-business-plan-may-release.pdf\"/>"
#. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><itemizedlist><listitem><para>
-#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:6292
+#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:6665
msgid ""
"show how open data can improve public services.<placeholder type=\"footnote"
"\" id=\"0\"/>"
"\"footnote\" id=\"0\"/>"
#. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para>
-#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:6297
+#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:6674
#, fuzzy
#| msgid ""
#| "ODI is very explicit about how it wants to make open business models, and "
"inntekter."
#. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para>
-#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:6307
+#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:6684
msgid ""
"As an independent nonprofit, ODI secured £10 million over five years from "
"the UK government via Innovate UK, an agency that promotes innovation in "
"millioner investering fra Omidyar Network."
#. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para>
-#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:6315
+#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:6692
msgid ""
"Jeni started out as a developer and technical architect for data.gov.uk, the "
"UK government’s pioneering open-data initiative. She helped make data sets "
"ansatte."
#. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para>
-#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:6322
+#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:6699
msgid ""
"ODI strives to have half its annual budget come from the core UK government "
"and Omidyar grants, and the other half from project-based research and "
"markedet."
#. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para>
-#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:6330
+#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:6707
msgid ""
"On the commercial side, ODI generates funding through memberships, training, "
"and advisory services."
"og rådgivning."
#. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para><footnote><para>
-#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:6345
+#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:6724
msgid "<ulink url=\"http://directory.theodi.org/members\"/>"
msgstr "<ulink url=\"http://directory.theodi.org/members\"/>"
#. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para>
-#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:6334
+#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:6711
msgid ""
"You can join the ODI as an individual or commercial member. Individual "
"membership is pay-what-you-can, with options ranging from £1 to £100. "
"\"0\"/>"
#. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para>
-#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:6348
+#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:6729
msgid ""
"ODI provides standardized open data training courses in which anyone can "
"enroll. The initial idea was to offer an intensive and academically oriented "
"slik at de kan delta som en form for faglig utvikling."
#. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para>
-#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:6362
+#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:6743
msgid ""
"ODI customizes training for clients as well, for which there is more demand. "
"Custom training usually emerges through an established relationship with an "
"tendens til å generere stor interesse og engasjement."
#. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para>
-#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:6371
+#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:6752
msgid ""
"Education about open data is also a part of ODI’s annual summit event, where "
"curated presentations and speakers showcase the work of ODI and its members "
"det fire tematiske spor og over 750 deltakere."
#. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para>
-#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:6379
+#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:6760
msgid ""
"In addition to memberships and training, ODI provides advisory services to "
"help with technical-data support, technology development, change management, "
"organisasjoner."
#. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para>
-#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:6388
+#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:6769
msgid ""
"On the commercial side, the following value propositions seem to resonate:"
msgstr ""
"I kommersiell forstand syntes følgende verdistandpunkter å gi gjenklang:"
#. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><itemizedlist><listitem><para>
-#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:6394
+#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:6775
msgid ""
"Data-driven insights. Businesses need data from outside their business to "
"get more insight. Businesses can generate value and more effectively pursue "
"også åpner opp sine egne data. Store data er et hett tema."
#. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><itemizedlist><listitem><para>
-#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:6402
+#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:6783
msgid ""
"Open innovation. Many large-scale enterprises are aware they don’t innovate "
"very well. One way they can innovate is to open up their data. ODI "
"organisatorisk uavhengighet."
#. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><itemizedlist><listitem><para>
-#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:6411
+#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:6792
msgid ""
"Corporate social responsibility. While this resonates with businesses, ODI "
"cautions against having it be the sole reason for making data open. If a "
"effektivitet og muligheter."
#. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para>
-#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:6420
+#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:6801
msgid ""
"During their early years, ODI wanted to focus solely on the United Kingdom. "
"But in their first year, large delegations of government visitors from over "
"til behovet om å sette opp internasjonale ODI-<quote>avleggere</quote>."
#. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para>
-#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:6429
+#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:6810
msgid ""
"Nodes are franchises of the ODI at a regional or city level. Hosted by "
"existing (for-profit or not-for-profit) organizations, they operate locally "
"liten avgift for å være en del av nettverket, og bruke varemerket."
#. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para><footnote><para>
-#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:6443
+#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:6826
msgid ""
"<ulink url=\"http://theodi.org/odi-startup-programme\"/>; <ulink url="
"\"http://theodi.org/open-data-incubator-for-europe\"/>"
"\"http://theodi.org/open-data-incubator-for-europe\"/>"
#. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para>
-#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:6441
+#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:6822
msgid ""
"ODI also runs programs to help start-ups in the UK and across Europe develop "
"a sustainable business around open data, offering mentoring, advice, "
"<placeholder type=\"footnote\" id=\"0\"/>"
#. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para>
-#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:6447
+#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:6832
msgid ""
"A big part of ODI’s business model revolves around community building. "
"Memberships, training, summits, consulting services, nodes, and start-up "
"som skjer ansikt til ansikt."
#. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para><footnote><para>
-#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:6461
+#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:6848
msgid "<ulink url=\"http://certificates.theodi.org\"/>"
msgstr "<ulink url=\"http://certificates.theodi.org\"/>"
#. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para>
-#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:6456
+#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:6841
msgid ""
"ODI has created an online tool that organizations can use to assess the "
"legal, practical, technical, and social aspects of their open data. If it is "
"\"footnote\" id=\"0\"/>"
#. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para>
-#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:6464
+#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:6853
msgid ""
"Separate from commercial activities, the ODI generates funding through "
"research grants. Research includes looking at evidence on the impact of open "
"utplasseringen av åpne data."
#. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para>
-#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:6470
+#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:6859
msgid ""
"Creative Commons 4.0 licenses cover database rights and ODI recommends CC "
"BY, CC BY-SA, and CC0 for data releases. ODI encourages publishers of data "
"lisenser</quote>."
#. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para>
-#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:6477
+#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:6866
#, fuzzy
#| msgid ""
#| "For ODI, open is at the heart of what they do. They also release any "
"penger</quote>."
#. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para>
-#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:6495
+#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:6884
msgid ""
"To serve as evidence of a successful open business model and return on "
"investment, ODI has a public dashboard of key performance indicators. Here "
"leveranse. Her er noen beregninger fra 27. April 2016:"
#. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><itemizedlist><listitem><para>
-#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:6503
+#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:6892
msgid ""
"Total amount of cash investments unlocked in direct investments in ODI, "
"competition funding, direct contracts, and partnerships, and income that ODI "
"millioner (pund)"
#. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><itemizedlist><listitem><para>
-#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:6511
+#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:6900
msgid "Total number of active members and nodes across the globe: 1,350"
msgstr "Antall aktive medlemmer og noder over hele verden: 1350"
#. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><itemizedlist><listitem><para>
-#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:6517
+#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:6906
msgid "Total sales since ODI began: £7.44 million"
msgstr "Totalt salg siden ODI startet: £ 7.44 millioner (pund)"
#. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><itemizedlist><listitem><para>
-#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:6522
+#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:6911
msgid ""
"Total number of unique people reached since ODI began, in person and online: "
"2.2 million"
"2,2 millioner"
#. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><itemizedlist><listitem><para>
-#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:6528
+#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:6917
msgid "Total Open Data Certificates created: 151,000"
msgstr "Totalt antall åpne datasertifikater opprettet: 151 000"
#. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><itemizedlist><listitem><para><footnote><para>
-#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:6534
+#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:6925
msgid "<ulink url=\"http://dashboards.theodi.org/company/all\"/>"
msgstr "<ulink url=\"http://dashboards.theodi.org/company/all\"/>"
#. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><itemizedlist><listitem><para>
-#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:6533
+#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:6922
msgid ""
"Total number of people trained by ODI and its nodes since ODI began: "
"5,080<placeholder type=\"footnote\" id=\"0\"/>"
"080<placeholder type=\"footnote\" id=\"0\"/>"
#. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><title>
-#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:6540
+#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:6934
msgid "OpenDesk"
msgstr "OpenDesk"
#. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><blockquote><para>
-#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:6543
+#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:6937
msgid ""
"Opendesk is a for-profit company offering an online platform that connects "
"furniture designers around the world with customers and local makers who "
"virkeliggjør designene. Grunnlagt i 2014 i Storbritannia."
#. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><blockquote><para>
-#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:6549
+#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:6943
msgid "<ulink url=\"http://www.opendesk.cc\"/>"
msgstr "<ulink url=\"http://www.opendesk.cc\"/>"
#. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><blockquote><para>
-#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:6551
-#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:8982
+#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:6946
+#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:9486
msgid ""
"<emphasis role=\"strong\">Revenue model</emphasis>: charging a transaction "
"fee"
"transaksjonsgebyr"
#. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><blockquote><para>
-#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:6554
+#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:6950
msgid "<emphasis role=\"strong\">Interview date</emphasis>: November 4, 2015"
msgstr "<emphasis role=\"strong\"> Intervjudato</emphasis>: 4. november 2015"
#. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><blockquote><para>
-#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:6557
+#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:6954
msgid ""
"<emphasis role=\"strong\">Interviewees</emphasis>: Nick Ierodiaconou and "
"Joni Steiner, cofounders"
"Steiner, medgrunnleggere"
#. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para>
-#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:6565
+#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:6962
msgid ""
"Opendesk is an online platform that connects furniture designers around the "
"world not just with customers but also with local registered makers who "
"produsentene."
#. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para>
-#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:6571
+#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:6968
msgid ""
"Cofounders Nick Ierodiaconou and Joni Steiner studied and worked as "
"architects together. They also made goods. Their first client was Mint "
"og Opendesk, et kommersielt selskap."
#. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para>
-#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:6588
+#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:6985
msgid ""
"When Nick and Joni set out to create Opendesk, there were a lot of questions "
"about the viability of distributed manufacturing. No one was doing it in a "
"fortsatt langt unna."
#. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para>
-#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:6595
+#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:6992
msgid ""
"And now this sector is emerging, and Nick and Joni are highly interested in "
"the commercialization aspects of it. As part of coming up with a business "
"avgjorde å bruke Creative Commons."
#. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para>
-#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:6606
+#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:7003
msgid ""
"When designing the Opendesk system, they had two goals. They wanted anyone, "
"anywhere in the world, to be able to download designs so that they could be "
"en forretningsmodell."
#. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para>
-#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:6613
+#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:7010
msgid ""
"They gave a lot of thought to three angles—the potential for social sharing, "
"allowing designers to choose their license, and the impact these choices "
"på forretningsmodellen."
#. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para>
-#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:6618
+#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:7015
msgid ""
"In support of social sharing, Opendesk actively advocates for (but doesn’t "
"demand) open licensing. And Nick and Joni are agnostic about which Creative "
"selv bestemme seg for hvor åpen eller lukket de ønsker å være."
#. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para><footnote><para>
-#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:6630
+#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:7029
msgid "<ulink url=\"http://www.opendesk.cc/designers\"/>"
msgstr "<ulink url=\"http://www.opendesk.cc/designers\"/>"
#. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para>
-#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:6626
+#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:7023
msgid ""
"For the most part, designers love the idea of sharing content. They "
"understand that you get positive feedback when you’re attributed, what Nick "
"profilere designere.<placeholder type=\"footnote\" id=\"0\"/>"
#. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para>
-#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:6633
+#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:7034
msgid ""
"While designers are largely OK with personal sharing, there is a concern "
"that someone will take the design and manufacture the furniture in bulk, "
"Attribution-NonCommercial-lisensen (CC BY-NC)."
#. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para>
-#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:6640
+#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:7041
msgid ""
"Anyone can download a design and make it themselves, provided it’s for "
"noncommercial use — and there have been many, many downloads. Or users can "
"spesifikasjonene i designfilen."
#. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para><footnote><para>
-#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:6657
+#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:7060
msgid "<ulink url=\"http://www.opendesk.cc/open-making/makers/\"/>"
msgstr "<ulink url=\"http://www.opendesk.cc/open-making/makers/\"/>"
#. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para>
-#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:6650
+#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:7051
msgid ""
"Makers benefit from being part of Opendesk’s network. Making furniture for "
"local customers is paid work, and Opendesk generates business for them. Joni "
"\"footnote\" id=\"0\"/>"
#. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para>
-#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:6660
+#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:7065
msgid ""
"The makers are a critical part of the Opendesk business model. Their model "
"builds off the makers’ quotes. Here’s how it’s expressed on Opendesk’s "
"Opendesks nettsted:"
#. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para>
-#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:6665
+#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:7070
msgid ""
"When customers buy an Opendesk product directly from a registered maker, "
"they pay:"
"betaler de:"
#. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><itemizedlist><listitem><para>
-#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:6671
+#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:7076
msgid ""
"the manufacturing cost as set by the maker (this covers material and labour "
"costs for the product to be manufactured and any extra assembly costs "
"monteringskostnader)"
#. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><itemizedlist><listitem><para>
-#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:6678
+#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:7083
msgid ""
"a design fee for the designer (a design fee that is paid to the designer "
"every time their design is used)"
"hver gang designet deres brukes)"
#. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><itemizedlist><listitem><para>
-#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:6684
+#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:7089
msgid ""
"a percentage fee to the Opendesk platform (this supports the infrastructure "
"and ongoing development of the platform that helps us build out our "
"markedsplassen vår)"
#. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><itemizedlist><listitem><para>
-#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:6691
+#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:7096
msgid ""
"a percentage fee to the channel through which the sale is made (at the "
"moment this is Opendesk, but in the future we aim to open this up to third-"
"og markedsføringsavgifter for den kanalen det gjelder)"
#. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><itemizedlist><listitem><para>
-#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:6700
+#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:7105
msgid ""
"a local delivery service charge (the delivery is typically charged by the "
"maker, but in some cases may be paid to a third-party delivery partner)"
"leveringen)"
#. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><itemizedlist><listitem><para>
-#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:6707
+#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:7112
msgid ""
"charges for any additional services the customer chooses, such as on-site "
"assembly (additional services are discretionary—in many cases makers will be "
"skreddersydde designvalg)"
#. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><itemizedlist><listitem><para><footnote><para>
-#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:6716
+#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:7123
msgid "<ulink url=\"http://www.opendesk.cc/open-making/join\"/>"
msgstr "<ulink url=\"http://www.opendesk.cc/open-making/join\"/>"
#. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><itemizedlist><listitem><para>
-#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:6715
+#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:7120
msgid ""
"local sales taxes (variable by customer and maker location)<placeholder type="
"\"footnote\" id=\"0\"/>"
"er)<placeholder type=\"footnote\" id=\"0\"/>"
#. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para>
-#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:6721
+#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:7130
msgid "They then go into detail how makers’ quotes are created:"
msgstr "De går så i detalj om hvordan produsentens tilbud settes sammen:"
#. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para>
-#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:6724
+#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:7133
msgid ""
"When a customer wants to buy an Opendesk . . . they are provided with a "
"transparent breakdown of fees including the manufacturing cost, design fee, "
"og er vanligvis fordelt som følger:"
#. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><itemizedlist><listitem><para>
-#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:6737
+#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:7146
msgid ""
"manufacturing cost: fabrication, finishing and any other costs as set by the "
"maker (excluding any services like delivery or on-site assembly)"
"montering på stedet)"
#. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><itemizedlist><listitem><para>
-#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:6744
+#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:7153
msgid "design fee: 8 percent of the manufacturing cost"
msgstr "designavgift: 8 prosent av produksjonskostnadene"
#. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><itemizedlist><listitem><para>
-#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:6749
+#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:7158
msgid "platform fee: 12 percent of the manufacturing cost"
msgstr "plattformavgift: 12 prosent av produksjonskostnadene"
#. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><itemizedlist><listitem><para>
-#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:6754
+#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:7163
msgid "channel fee: 18 percent of the manufacturing cost"
msgstr "kanalavgift: 18 prosent av produksjonskostnadene"
#. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><itemizedlist><listitem><para>
-#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:6759
+#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:7168
msgid "sales tax: as applicable (depends on product and location)"
msgstr ""
"merverdiavgift (mva.): gjeldende (avhenger av produkt og hvor salget skjer)"
#. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para>
-#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:6764
+#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:7173
msgid ""
"Opendesk shares revenue with their community of designers. According to "
"Nick and Joni, a typical designer fee is around 2.5 percent, so Opendesk’s 8 "
"mer generøs, og gir en høyere verdi til designeren."
#. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para>
-#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:6770
+#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:7179
msgid ""
"The Opendesk website features stories of designers and makers. Denis Fuzii "
"published the design for the Valovi Chair from his studio in São Paulo. His "
"En stor andel av hans virksomhet kommer fra Opendesk."
#. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para>
-#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:6778
+#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:7187
msgid ""
"To manage resources and remain effective, Opendesk has so far focused on a "
"very narrow niche—primarily office furniture of a certain simple aesthetic, "
"funksjonelle produkter ."
#. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para>
-#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:6787
+#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:7196
msgid ""
"On their website, Opendesk describes what they do as <quote>open making</"
"quote>: <quote>Designers get a global distribution channel. Makers get "
"designer price tag, a more social, eco-friendly alternative to mass-"
"production and an affordable way to buy custom-made products.</quote>"
msgstr ""
-"På sin hjemmeside beskriver Opendesk hva de gjør som <quote>åpen "
-"produksjon</quote>: <quote>Designere får en global distribusjonskanal. "
-"Produsenter får lønnsomme jobber og nye kunder. Du får designprodukter uten "
+"På sin hjemmeside beskriver Opendesk hva de gjør som <quote>åpen produksjon</"
+"quote>: <quote>Designere får en global distribusjonskanal. Produsenter får "
+"lønnsomme jobber og nye kunder. Du får designprodukter uten "
"designerprislapp, et mer sosialt og miljøvennlig alternativ til "
-"masseproduksjon, og en rimelig måte å kjøpe skreddersydde produkter "
-"på</quote>."
+"masseproduksjon, og en rimelig måte å kjøpe skreddersydde produkter på</"
+"quote>."
#. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para>
-#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:6795
+#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:7204
msgid ""
"Nick and Joni say that customers like the fact that the furniture has a "
"known provenance. People really like that their furniture was designed by a "
"varer fra en butikk."
#. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para><footnote><para>
-#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:6808
+#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:7219
msgid "<ulink url=\"http://openmaking.is\"/>"
msgstr "<ulink url=\"http://openmaking.is\"/>"
#. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para>
-#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:6803
+#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:7212
#, fuzzy
#| msgid ""
#| "Nick and Joni are taking a community-based approach to define and evolve "
"ideer og diskutere prinsipper og forretningspraksis de ønsker å se brukt."
#. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para>
-#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:6812
+#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:7225
msgid ""
"Nick and Joni talked a lot with us about intellectual property (IP) and "
"commercialization. Many of their designers fear the idea that someone could "
"Attribution-NonCommercial lisensen (CC BY-NC)."
#. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para>
-#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:6820
+#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:7233
msgid ""
"Opendesk established a set of principles for what their community considers "
"commercial and noncommercial use. Their website states:"
"kommersiell og ikke-kommersiell bruk. Deres hjemmeside fastslår:"
#. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para>
-#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:6824
+#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:7237
msgid "It is unambiguously commercial use when anyone:"
msgstr "Det er en utvetydig kommersiell bruk når noen:"
#. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><itemizedlist><listitem><para>
-#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:6829
+#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:7242
msgid "charges a fee or makes a profit when making an Opendesk"
msgstr "krever en avgift eller får en fortjeneste når man lager en Opendesk"
#. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><itemizedlist><listitem><para>
-#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:6834
+#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:7247
msgid "sells (or bases a commercial service on) an Opendesk"
msgstr "selger (eller baserer en kommersiell tjeneste på) en Opendesk"
#. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para>
-#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:6839
+#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:7252
msgid ""
"It follows from this that noncommercial use is when you make an Opendesk "
"yourself, with no intention to gain commercial advantage or monetary "
"kompensasjon. For eksempel kvalifiserer disse som ikke-kommersielle:"
#. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><itemizedlist><listitem><para>
-#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:6847
+#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:7260
msgid ""
"you are an individual with your own CNC machine, or access to a shared CNC "
"machine, and will personally cut and make a few pieces of furniture yourself"
"og vil personlig kutte til og lage noen få møbler selv"
#. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><itemizedlist><listitem><para>
-#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:6854
+#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:7267
msgid ""
"you are a student (or teacher) and you use the design files for educational "
"purposes or training (and do not intend to sell the resulting pieces)"
"eller opplæring (og har ikke tenkt å selge de som blir laget)"
#. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><itemizedlist><listitem><para>
-#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:6861
+#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:7274
msgid ""
"you work for a charity and get furniture cut by volunteers, or by employees "
"at a fab lab or maker space"
"digitale verktøyrom, eller i åpne brukerrom"
#. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para>
-#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:6867
+#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:7280
msgid ""
"Whether or not people technically are doing things that implicate IP, Nick "
"and Joni have found that people tend to comply with the wishes of creators "
"rettigheter."
#. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para>
-#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:6878
+#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:7291
msgid ""
"The mission of Opendesk is about relocalizing manufacturing, which changes "
"the way we think about how goods are made. Commercialization is integral to "
"gjennom Opendesk."
#. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para>
-#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:6885
+#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:7298
msgid ""
"As a global platform for local making, Opendesk’s business model has been "
"built on honesty, transparency, and inclusivity. As Nick and Joni describe "
"stoler de på folk."
#. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><title>
-#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:6892
+#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:7306
msgid "OpenStax"
msgstr "OpenStax"
#. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><blockquote><para>
-#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:6895
+#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:7309
msgid ""
"OpenStax is a nonprofit that provides free, openly licensed textbooks for "
"high-enrollment introductory college courses and Advanced Placement courses. "
"Placement-kurs. Grunnlagt i 2012 i USA."
#. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><blockquote><para>
-#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:6900
+#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:7314
msgid "<ulink url=\"http://www.openstaxcollege.org\"/>"
msgstr "<ulink url=\"http://www.openstaxcollege.org\"/>"
#. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><blockquote><para>
-#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:6902
+#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:7317
msgid ""
"<emphasis role=\"strong\">Revenue model</emphasis>: grant funding, charging "
"for custom services, charging for physical copies (textbook sales)"
"fysiske kopier (læreboksalg)"
#. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><blockquote><para>
-#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:6906
+#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:7322
msgid "<emphasis role=\"strong\">Interview date</emphasis>: December 16, 2015"
msgstr ""
"<emphasis role=\"strong\">Dato for intervju</emphasis>: 16. desember 2015"
#. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><blockquote><para>
-#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:6909
+#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:7326
msgid ""
"<emphasis role=\"strong\">Interviewee</emphasis>: David Harris, editor-in-"
"chief"
"<emphasis role=\"strong\"> Intervjuet</emphasis>: David Harris, sjefsredaktør"
#. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para>
-#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:6917
+#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:7334
#, fuzzy
#| msgid ""
#| "OpenStax is an extension of a program called Connexions, which was "
"– gratis."
#. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para>
-#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:6929
+#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:7346
msgid ""
"In 2008, while in a senior leadership role at WebAssign and looking at ways "
"to reduce the risk that came with relying on publishers, David Harris began "
"enkelt kalt OpenStax."
#. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para>
-#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:6940
+#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:7357
msgid ""
"David brought with him a deep understanding of the best practices of "
"publishing along with where publishers have inefficiencies. In David’s view, "
"tilpasninger av fakulteter og studenter."
#. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para><footnote><para>
-#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:6958
+#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:7377
msgid ""
"<ulink url=\"http://news.rice.edu/files/2016/01/0119-"
"OPENSTAX-2016Infographic-lg-1tahxiu.jpg\"/>"
"OPENSTAX-2016Infographic-lg-1tahxiu.jpg\"/>"
#. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para>
-#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:6952
+#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:7369
msgid ""
"In 2012, OpenStax College launched as a nonprofit with the aim of producing "
"high-quality, peer-reviewed full-color textbooks that would be available for "
"Alt uten at noen sto for salget!"
#. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para>
-#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:6962
+#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:7383
msgid ""
"OpenStax textbooks are all Attribution (CC BY) licensed, and each textbook "
"is available as a PDF, an e-book, or web pages. Those who want a physical "
"de blir brukt."
#. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para>
-#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:6971
+#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:7392
msgid ""
"Teachers are invited to try out a single chapter from one of the textbooks "
"with students. If that goes well, they’re encouraged to adopt the entire "
"behov."
#. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para>
-#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:6979
+#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:7400
msgid ""
"Any teacher can post corrections, suggest examples for difficult concepts, "
"or volunteer as an editor or author. As many teachers also want supplemental "
"videre ."
#. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para><footnote><para>
-#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:6990
+#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:7413
msgid "<ulink url=\"http://openstax.org/adopters\"/>"
msgstr "<ulink url=\"http://openstax.org/adopters\"/>"
#. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para>
-#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:6986
+#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:7407
msgid ""
"Institutions can stand out by offering students a lower-cost education "
"through the use of OpenStax textbooks; there’s even a textbook-savings "
"lærebøker.<placeholder type=\"footnote\" id=\"0\"/>"
#. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para>
-#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:6993
+#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:7418
msgid ""
"Unlike traditional publishers’ monolithic approach of controlling "
"intellectual property, distribution, and so many other aspects, OpenStax has "
"stoler på et omfattende nettverk av samarbeidspartnere."
#. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para>
-#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:6999
+#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:7424
msgid ""
"Up-front funding of a professionally produced all-color turnkey textbook is "
"expensive. For this part of their model, OpenStax relies on philanthropy. "
"trolig fortsatt komme til å kreve filantropisk investering."
#. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para>
-#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:7010
+#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:7435
msgid ""
"However, ongoing operations will not rely on foundation grants but instead "
"on funds received through an ecosystem of over forty partners, whereby a "
"studenter."
#. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para>
-#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:7020
+#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:7445
msgid ""
"Another example is Odigia, who has turned OpenStax books into interactive "
"learning experiences and created additional tools to measure and promote "
"Introduction to Sociology 2e, der disse midlene er brukt."
#. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para>
-#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:7030
+#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:7455
msgid ""
"In David’s view, this approach lets the market operate at peak efficiency. "
"OpenStax’s partners don’t have to worry about developing textbook content, "
"er der ute med sitt materiale som et utstillingsvindu."
#. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para>
-#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:7042
+#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:7467
msgid ""
"OpenStax’s cost of sales to acquire a single student is very, very low and "
"is a fraction of what traditional players in the market face. This year, "
"David ser frem til å dele disse funnene med fellesskapet."
#. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para>
-#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:7050
+#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:7475
msgid ""
"While OpenStax books are available online for free, many students still want "
"a print copy. Through a partnership with a print and courier company, "
"finansiere den løpende driften."
#. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para>
-#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:7060
+#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:7485
msgid ""
"Campus-based bookstores are part of the OpenStax solution. OpenStax "
"collaborates with NACSCORP (the National Association of College Stores "
"tydeligvis selger ut nesten hundre prosent."
#. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para>
-#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:7073
+#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:7498
#, fuzzy
#| msgid ""
#| "David thinks of the OpenStax model as “OER 2.0.” So what is OER 1.0? "
"vanskelig å kunne vise at investeringen betaler seg i løpet av rimelig tid."
#. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para>
-#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:7081
+#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:7506
msgid ""
"OER 2.0 is about OER intended to be used and adopted on a national level "
"right from the start. This requires a bigger investment up front but pays "
"bok fra bunnen av, et godt eksempel er deres biologibok."
#. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para>
-#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:7094
+#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:7519
msgid ""
"The process is similar for both models. First they look at the scope and "
"sequence of existing textbooks. They ask questions like what does the "
"prosessen er svært tidkrevende."
#. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para>
-#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:7112
+#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:7537
msgid ""
"All the people involved in this process are paid. OpenStax does not rely on "
"volunteers. Writers, reviewers, illustrators, and editors are all paid an up-"
"er forhåndsbetalt."
#. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para>
-#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:7122
+#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:7547
#, fuzzy
#| msgid ""
#| "David thinks of the Attribution license (CC BY) as the “innovation "
"gir CC lærere kontroll og akademisk frihet."
#. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para>
-#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:7132
+#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:7557
msgid ""
"Using CC BY is also a good example of using strategies that traditional "
"publishers can’t. Traditional publishers rely on copyright to prevent others "
"utnytter ineffektiviteten i det tradisjonelle markedet."
#. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para>
-#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:7142
+#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:7567
msgid ""
"As of September 16, 2016, OpenStax has achieved some impressive results. "
"From the OpenStax at a Glance fact sheet from their recent press kit:"
"presseinformasjonen:"
#. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><itemizedlist><listitem><para>
-#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:7149
+#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:7574
msgid "Books published: 23"
msgstr "Bøker publisert: 23"
#. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><itemizedlist><listitem><para>
-#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:7154
+#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:7579
msgid "Students who have used OpenStax: 1.6 million"
msgstr "Studenter som har brukt OpenStax: 1,6 millioner"
#. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><itemizedlist><listitem><para>
-#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:7159
+#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:7584
msgid "Money saved for students: $155 million"
msgstr "Penger spart for studenter: 155 millioner dollar"
#. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><itemizedlist><listitem><para>
-#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:7164
+#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:7589
msgid "Money saved for students in the 2016/17 academic year: $77 million"
msgstr "Penger spart for studenter i studieåret 2016/17: 77 millioner dollar"
#. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><itemizedlist><listitem><para>
-#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:7170
+#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:7595
msgid ""
"Schools that have used OpenStax: 2,668 (This number reflects all "
"institutions using at least one OpenStax textbook. Out of 2,668 schools, 517 "
"universiteter utenfor USA)"
#. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para>
-#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:7179
+#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:7604
msgid ""
"While OpenStax has to date been focused on the United States, there is "
"overseas adoption especially in the science, technology, engineering, and "
"internasjonal interesse."
#. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para>
-#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:7186
+#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:7611
msgid ""
"OpenStax has primarily focused on introductory-level college courses where "
"there is high enrollment, but they are starting to think about verticals—a "
"gjennom hele pensumet, for eksempel for en sykepleierutdanning."
#. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para>
-#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:7194
+#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:7619
msgid ""
"Finally, for OpenStax success is not just about the adoption of their "
"textbooks and student savings. There is a human aspect to the work that is "
"en utdanning å kunne få den."
#. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><title>
-#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:7207
+#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:7633
msgid "Amanda Palmer"
msgstr "Amanda Palmer"
#. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><blockquote><para>
-#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:7210
+#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:7636
msgid "Amanda Palmer is a musician, artist, and writer. Based in the U.S."
msgstr "Amanda Palmer er en musiker, kunstner og skribent. Basert i USA."
#. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><blockquote><para>
-#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:7214
+#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:7640
msgid "<ulink url=\"http://amandapalmer.net\"/>"
msgstr "<ulink url=\"http://amandapalmer.net\"/>"
#. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><blockquote><para>
-#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:7216
+#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:7643
msgid ""
"<emphasis role=\"strong\">Revenue model</emphasis>: crowdfunding "
"(subscription-based), pay-what-you-want, charging for physical copies (book "
"(abonnementsbasert), betaling for fysiske kopier, varesalg"
#. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><blockquote><para>
-#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:7221
+#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:7649
msgid "<emphasis role=\"strong\">Interview date</emphasis>: December 15, 2015"
msgstr ""
"<emphasis role=\"strong\">Dato for intervju</emphasis>: 15. desember 2015"
#. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para><footnote><para>
-#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:7232
+#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:7662
msgid ""
"<ulink url=\"http://www.forbes.com/sites/zackomalleygreenburg/2015/04/16/"
"amanda-palmer-uncut-the-kickstarter-queen-on-spotify-patreon-and-taylor-"
"swift/#44e20ce46d67\"/>"
#. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para>
-#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:7229
+#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:7657
#, fuzzy
#| msgid ""
#| "Since the beginning of her career, Amanda Palmer has been on what she "
"\"footnote\" id=\"0\"/>"
#. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para>
-#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:7235
+#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:7667
#, fuzzy
#| msgid ""
#| "In her best-selling book, The Art of Asking, Amanda articulates exactly "
"quote>."
#. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para>
-#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:7242
+#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:7674
#, fuzzy
#| msgid ""
#| "While she seems to have successfully found that sweet spot for herself, "
"quote>."
#. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para>
-#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:7251
+#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:7683
#, fuzzy
#| msgid ""
#| "Amanda began her artistic career as a street performer. She would dress "
"Nok så jeg kunne fortsette å lage kunst.</quote>"
#. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para>
-#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:7265
+#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:7697
#, fuzzy
#| msgid ""
#| "Amanda has come a long way from her street-performing days, but her "
"Amanda og Dresden Dolls var ment å skulle gjøre."
#. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para>
-#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:7276
+#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:7708
#, fuzzy
#| msgid ""
#| "After leaving the record label in 2008, she began experimenting with "
"prosjektene gjennom tidene."
#. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para>
-#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:7288
+#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:7720
#, fuzzy
#| msgid ""
#| "Today, Amanda has switched gears away from crowdfunding for specific "
"Attribution-NonCommercial-ShareAlike-lisens (CC BY-NC-SA)."
#. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para>
-#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:7300
+#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:7732
#, fuzzy
#| msgid ""
#| "Making her music and art available under Creative Commons licensing "
"gjort hele tiden. De ikke-kommersielle lisensene var en naturlig tilpasning."
#. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para>
-#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:7318
+#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:7750
#, fuzzy
#| msgid ""
#| "Amanda embraces the way her fans share and build upon her music. In The "
"startet med dette fordi jeg ønsket å dele musikkgleden</quote>, sier hun."
#. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para>
-#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:7326
+#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:7758
#, fuzzy
#| msgid ""
#| "This is symbolic of how nearly everything she does in her career is "
"på kjøkkenet mitt</quote>, skrev Amanda i <quote>The Art of Asking</quote>."
#. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para>
-#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:7336
+#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:7768
#, fuzzy
#| msgid ""
#| "Even though her fan base is now huge and global, she continues to seek "
"selv</quote>, skrev Amanda."
#. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para>
-#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:7348
+#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:7780
msgid ""
"Another part of the connection fans feel with Amanda is how much they know "
"about her life. Rather than trying to craft a public persona or image, she "
"etter en forestilling, kan de helt riktig føle at de kjenner henne."
#. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para>
-#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:7357
+#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:7790
#, fuzzy
#| msgid ""
#| "“With social media, we’re so concerned with the picture looking palatable "
"det.</quote>"
#. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para>
-#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:7366
+#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:7799
msgid ""
"Not only does she disclose intimate details of her life to them, she sleeps "
"on their couches, listens to their stories, cries with them. In short, she "
"vennene dine – du deler."
#. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para>
-#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:7376
+#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:7809
msgid ""
"After years of investing time and energy into building trust with her fans, "
"she has a strong enough relationship with them to ask for support—through "
"din suksess."
#. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para>
-#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:7385
+#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:7819
#, fuzzy
#| msgid ""
#| "“When you openly, radically trust people, they not only take care of you, "
"<quote>denne rare lille familien</quote>."
#. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para>
-#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:7393
+#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:7827
#, fuzzy
#| msgid ""
#| "This sort of intimacy with fans is not possible or even desirable for "
"finne en måte å kanalisere sin energi på som gleder deg.</quote>"
#. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para>
-#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:7403
+#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:7837
msgid ""
"Yet while Amanda joyfully interacts with her fans and involves them in her "
"work as much as possible, she does keep one job primarily to herself—writing "
"styrkes båndet med menneskelige relasjoner."
#. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para>
-#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:7416
+#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:7850
#, fuzzy
#| msgid ""
#| "For Amanda, the entire point of being an artist is to establish and "
"gjør, virkelig er av verdi for dem.</quote>"
#. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para>
-#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:7426
+#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:7860
msgid ""
"As she explains it, when a fan gives her a ten-dollar bill, usually what "
"they are saying is that the money symbolizes some deeper value the music "
"lar hun dem gjøre det."
#. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><title>
-#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:7437
+#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:7872
msgid "PLOS (Public Library of Science)"
msgstr "PLOS (Public Library of Science - Offentlig vitenskapsbibliotek)"
#. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><blockquote><para>
-#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:7440
+#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:7875
msgid ""
"PLOS (Public Library of Science) is a nonprofit that publishes a library of "
"academic journals and other scientific literature. Founded in 2000 in the U."
"Grunnlagt i år 2000 i USA."
#. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><blockquote><para>
-#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:7445
+#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:7880
msgid "<ulink url=\"http://plos.org\"/>"
msgstr "<ulink url=\"http://plos.org\"/>"
#. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><blockquote><para>
-#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:7447
+#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:7883
msgid ""
"<emphasis role=\"strong\">Revenue model</emphasis>: charging content "
"creators an author processing charge to be featured in the journal"
"betaler en artikkelprosessavgift for å bli publisert i tidsskiftet"
#. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><blockquote><para>
-#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:7451
+#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:7888
msgid "<emphasis role=\"strong\">Interview date</emphasis>: March 7, 2016"
msgstr "<emphasis role=\"strong\">Dato for intervju</emphasis>: 7. mars 2016"
#. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><blockquote><para>
-#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:7453
+#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:7891
msgid ""
"<emphasis role=\"strong\">Interviewee</emphasis>: Louise Page, publisher"
msgstr "<emphasis role=\"strong\">Intervjuet</emphasis>: Louise Page, utgiver"
#. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para>
-#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:7461
+#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:7899
msgid ""
"The Public Library of Science (PLOS) began in 2000 when three leading "
"scientists—Harold E. Varmus, Patrick O. Brown, and Michael Eisen—started an "
"forskningsartikler utgitt med Attribution (CC BY)-lisenser."
#. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para>
-#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:7475
+#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:7913
msgid ""
"Traditionally, academic publishing begins with an author submitting a "
"manuscript to a publisher. After in-house technical and ethical "
"eller artikkelen."
#. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para>
-#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:7486
+#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:7924
msgid ""
"For Louise Page, the current publisher of PLOS, this traditional model "
"results in inequity. Access is restricted to those who can pay. Most "
"modell."
#. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para>
-#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:7498
+#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:7936
msgid ""
"That new model became known as open access. That is, free and open "
"availability on the Internet. Open-access research articles are not behind a "
"publisering."
#. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para>
-#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:7510
+#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:7948
msgid ""
"However, open access requires rethinking the business model of research "
"publication. Rather than charge a subscription fee to access the journal, "
"tegninger, tall eller andre elementer."
#. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para>
-#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:7522
+#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:7960
msgid ""
"Calculating the article-processing charge involves taking all the costs "
"associated with publishing the journal and determining a cost per article "
"startet i 2006, er like under 1500 dollar."
#. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para>
-#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:7531
+#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:7969
msgid ""
"PLOS believes that lack of funds should not be a barrier to publication. "
"Since its inception, PLOS has provided fee support for individuals and "
"artikkelbehandling."
#. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para>
-#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:7537
+#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:7975
msgid ""
"Louise identifies marketing as one area of big difference between PLOS and "
"traditional journal publishers. Traditional journals have to invest heavily "
"for publisering."
#. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para>
-#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:7554
+#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:7992
msgid ""
"For Louise, PLOS would not exist without the Attribution license (CC BY). "
"This makes it very clear what rights are associated with the content and "
"publisert og spredd."
#. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para>
-#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:7562
+#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:8000
msgid ""
"PLOS also has a broad open-data policy. To get their research paper "
"published, PLOS authors must also make their data available in a public "
"offentlig kildebrønn, og gi en erklæring om datatilgjengelighet."
#. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para>
-#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:7567
+#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:8005
msgid ""
"Business-operation costs associated with the open-access model still largely "
"follow the existing publishing model. PLOS journals are online only, but the "
"publisere."
#. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para>
-#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:7576
+#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:8014
msgid ""
"Researchers are influenced by journal rankings, which reflect the place of a "
"journal within its field, the relative difficulty of being published in that "
"journaler rangerer høyt, selv om de er relativt nye."
#. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para>
-#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:7582
+#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:8020
msgid ""
"The promotion and tenure of researchers are partially based how many times "
"other researchers cite their articles. Louise says when researchers want to "
"forfattere."
#. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para>
-#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:7591
+#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:8029
msgid ""
"Louise believes that open access has been a huge success, progressing from a "
"movement led by a small cadre of researchers to something that is now "
"noen andre."
#. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para>
-#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:7599
+#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:8037
msgid ""
"PLOS further disrupted the traditional journal-publishing model by "
"pioneering the concept of a megajournal. The PLOS ONE megajournal, launched "
"tverrfaglige fora for å publisere all solid vitenskap."
#. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para>
-#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:7623
+#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:8061
msgid ""
"Louise outlined some other aspects of the research-journal business model "
"PLOS is experimenting with, describing each as a kind of slider that could "
"som en slags skyvekontroll som kan justeres for å endre gjeldende praksis."
#. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para>
-#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:7628
+#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:8066
msgid ""
"One slider is time to publication. Time to publication may shorten as "
"journals get better at providing quicker decisions to authors. However, "
"uunngåelig ta."
#. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para>
-#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:7635
+#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:8073
msgid ""
"Peer review is another part of the process that could change. It’s possible "
"to redefine what peer review actually is, when to review, and what "
"utgiver og forfatter."
#. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para>
-#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:7647
+#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:8085
msgid ""
"Louise says research with negative outcomes is almost as important as "
"positive results. If journals published more research with negative "
"mye av forskningshjulet som blir gjenoppfunnet rundt om i verden."
#. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para>
-#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:7654
+#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:8092
msgid ""
"Another adjustable practice is the sharing of articles at early preprint "
"stages. Publication of research in a peer-reviewed journal can take a long "
"utfordring er at forskerne ikke har mye tid til å kommentere dokumentutkast."
#. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para>
-#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:7672
+#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:8110
msgid ""
"What constitutes a journal article could also change. The idea of a research "
"article as printed, bound, and in a library stack is outdated. Digital and "
"endringer."
#. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para><footnote><para>
-#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:7686
+#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:8126
msgid "<ulink url=\"http://collections.plos.org\"/>"
msgstr "<ulink url=\"http://collections.plos.org\"/>"
#. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para><footnote><para>
-#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:7690
+#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:8134
msgid "<ulink url=\"http://plos.org/article-level-metrics\"/>"
msgstr "<ulink url=\"http://plos.org/article-level-metrics\"/>"
#. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para>
-#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:7682
+#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:8120
msgid ""
"As journals scale up, and new journals are introduced, more and more "
"information is being pushed out to readers, making the experience feel like "
"å kommunisere med forfattere på."
#. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para>
-#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:7695
+#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:8141
msgid ""
"The big picture for PLOS going forward is to combine and adjust these "
"experimental practices in ways that continue to improve accessibility and "
"sammen med forfattere og lesere som er åpne for eksperimentering."
#. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para>
-#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:7705
+#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:8151
msgid ""
"For PLOS, success is not about revenue. Success is about proving that "
"scientific research can be communicated rapidly and economically at scale, "
"kvalitetsartikler kan leses gratis."
#. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para>
-#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:7715
+#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:8161
msgid ""
"Ultimately, for PLOS, its authors, and its readers, success is about making "
"research discoverable, available, and reproducible for the advancement of "
"overskuelig, tilgjengelig og reproduserbar, til fremme av vitenskap."
#. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><title>
-#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:7721
+#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:8168
msgid "Rijksmuseum"
msgstr "Rijksmuseum"
#. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><blockquote><para>
-#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:7724
+#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:8171
msgid ""
"The Rijksmuseum is a Dutch national museum dedicated to art and history. "
"Founded in 1800 in the Netherlands"
"Grunnlagt i 1800 i Nederland"
#. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><blockquote><para>
-#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:7728
+#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:8175
msgid "<ulink url=\"http://www.rijksmuseum.nl\"/>"
msgstr "<ulink url=\"http://www.rijksmuseum.nl\"/>"
#. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><blockquote><para>
-#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:7730
+#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:8178
msgid ""
"<emphasis role=\"strong\">Revenue model</emphasis>: grants and government "
"funding, charging for in-person version (museum admission), selling "
"finansiering, betaling for personlig versjon (museumsadgang), og varesalg"
#. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><blockquote><para>
-#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:7734
+#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:8183
msgid "<emphasis role=\"strong\">Interview date</emphasis>: December 11, 2015"
msgstr ""
"<emphasis role=\"strong\">Dato for intervju</emphasis>: 11. desember 2015"
#. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><blockquote><para>
-#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:7737
+#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:8187
msgid ""
"<emphasis role=\"strong\">Interviewee</emphasis>: Lizzy Jongma, the data "
"manager of the collections information department"
"innsamlingsinformasjonen"
#. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para>
-#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:7745
+#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:8195
msgid ""
"The Rijksmuseum, a national museum in the Netherlands dedicated to art and "
"history, has been housed in its current building since 1885. The monumental "
"mer åpen modell for museet."
#. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para>
-#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:7761
+#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:8211
msgid ""
"By the time Lizzy Jongma joined the Rijksmuseum in 2011 as a data manager, "
"staff were fed up with the situation the museum was in. They also realized "
"kortkatalog som database over hele samlingen på nettet."
#. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para>
-#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:7775
+#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:8225
msgid ""
"It was effective but a bit boring. It was just data. A hackathon they were "
"invited to got them to start talking about events like that as having "
"slutt til at: Hvorfor ikke legge hele samlingen ut på nettet?"
#. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para><footnote><para>
-#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:7786
+#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:8238
msgid "<ulink url=\"http://www.europeana.eu/portal/en\"/>"
msgstr "<ulink url=\"http://www.europeana.eu/portal/en\"/>"
#. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para>
-#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:7784
+#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:8234
msgid ""
"Then, Lizzy says, Europeana came along. Europeana is Europe’s digital "
"library, museum, and archive for cultural heritage.<placeholder type="
"mer diskusjon om hvorvidt Rijksmuseum skal følge etter."
#. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para>
-#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:7798
+#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:8252
#, fuzzy
#| msgid ""
#| "They realized that they don’t “own” the collection and couldn’t "
"var for det meste skolebarn."
#. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para>
-#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:7811
+#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:8265
msgid ""
"In 2011 the Rijksmuseum began making their digital photos of works known to "
"be free of copyright available online, using Creative Commons CC0 to place "
"hadde mange heftige debatter om hva de skulle gjøre."
#. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para>
-#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:7825
+#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:8279
msgid ""
"In 2013 the Rijksmuseum changed its business model. They Creative Commons "
"licensed their highest-quality images and released them online for free. "
"sin tilgjengelig, med det mål å få hele samlingen på nettet."
#. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para>
-#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:7836
+#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:8290
#, fuzzy
#| msgid ""
#| "Releasing these high-quality images for free reduced the number of poor-"
"at folk ønsker å se det i det virkelige liv ved å besøke det aktuelle museet."
#. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para>
-#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:7851
+#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:8305
msgid ""
"Every museum tends to be driven by the number of physical visitors. The "
"Rijksmuseum is primarily publicly funded, receiving roughly 70 percent of "
"inntekter på, blant annet for Rijksmuseum."
#. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para>
-#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:7859
+#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:8313
msgid ""
"As museums create a digital presence for themselves and put up digital "
"representations of their collection online, there’s frequently a worry that "
"museets synlighet."
#. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para><footnote><para>
-#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:7879
+#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:8335
msgid "<ulink url=\"http://www.rijksmuseum.nl/en/rijksstudio\"/>"
msgstr "<ulink url=\"http://www.rijksmuseum.nl/en/rijksstudio\"/>"
#. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para>
-#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:7873
+#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:8327
msgid ""
"In 2011 the Rijksmuseum received €1 million from the Dutch lottery to create "
"a new web presence that would be different from any other museum’s. In "
"\"0\"/>"
#. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para>
-#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:7882
+#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:8340
#, fuzzy
#| msgid ""
#| "The Rijksstudio gives users access to over two hundred thousand high-"
"med kommersielle formål."
#. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para>
-#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:7893
+#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:8351
msgid ""
"Users have created over 276,000 Rijksstudios, generating their own themed "
"virtual exhibitions on a wide variety of topics ranging from tapestries to "
"for bruk ved skoleeksamen."
#. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para>
-#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:7900
+#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:8358
msgid ""
"Some contemporary artists who have works in the Rijksmuseum collection "
"contacted them to ask why their works were not included in the Rijksstudio. "
"tilgjengelig for publikum, men innenfor de grensene kunstnerne har angitt."
#. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para><footnote><para>
-#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:7920
+#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:8380
msgid ""
"<ulink url=\"http://www.etsy.com/ca/listing/175696771/fringe-kimono-silk-"
"kimono-kimono-robe\"/>"
"kimono-kimono-robe\"/>"
#. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para>
-#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:7911
+#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:8369
msgid ""
"The Rijksmuseum believes that art stimulates entrepreneurial activity. The "
"line between creative and commercial can be blurry. As Lizzy says, even "
"\"footnote\" id=\"0\"/>"
#. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para><footnote><para>
-#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:7924
+#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:8388
msgid ""
"<ulink url=\"http://www.rijksmuseum.nl/en/rijksstudio-award\"/>; the 2014 "
"award: <ulink url=\"http://www.rijksmuseum.nl/en/rijksstudio-award-2014\"/>; "
"award-2015\"/>"
#. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para><footnote><para>
-#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:7936
+#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:8404
msgid ""
"<ulink url=\"http://www.rijksmuseum.nl/nl/rijksstudio/142328--nominees-"
"rijksstudio-award/creaties/ba595afe-452d-46bd-9c8c-48dcbdd7f0a4\"/>"
"rijksstudio-award/creaties/ba595afe-452d-46bd-9c8c-48dcbdd7f0a4\"/>"
#. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para>
-#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:7923
+#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:8385
msgid ""
"In 2013 the Rijksmuseum organized their first high-profile design "
"competition, known as the Rijksstudio Award.<placeholder type=\"footnote\" "
"Rijksstudio-prisen startet i September 2016."
#. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para>
-#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:7942
+#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:8412
msgid ""
"For the next iteration of the Rijksstudio, the Rijksmuseum is considering an "
"upload tool, for people to upload their own works of art, and enhanced "
"sosiale elementer der brukere kan samarbeide mer med hverandre."
#. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para>
-#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:7948
+#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:8418
msgid ""
"Going with a more open business model generated lots of publicity for the "
"Rijksmuseum. They were one of the first museums to open up their collection "
"trettifemtusen pr. måned til trehundretusen besøk."
#. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para>
-#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:7957
+#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:8427
msgid ""
"The Rijksmuseum has been experimenting with other ways to invite the public "
"to look at and interact with their collection. On an international day "
"samfunnet på det tidspunktet maleriet ble laget."
#. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para>
-#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:7970
+#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:8440
#, fuzzy
#| msgid ""
#| "For the Rijksmuseum, adopting an open business model was scary. They "
"og få noe i retur. Gavmildhet gjør at folk gjerne blir med og hjelper til.\""
#. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><title>
-#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:7990
+#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:8461
msgid "Shareable"
msgstr "Shareable"
#. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><blockquote><para>
-#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:7993
+#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:8464
msgid ""
"Shareable is an online magazine about sharing. Founded in 2009 in the U.S."
msgstr "Shareable er en nettmagasin om deling. Etablert i 2009 i USA."
#. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><blockquote><para>
-#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:7997
+#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:8468
msgid "<ulink url=\"http://www.shareable.net\"/>"
msgstr "<ulink url=\"http://www.shareable.net\"/>"
#. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><blockquote><para>
-#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:7999
+#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:8471
msgid ""
"<emphasis role=\"strong\">Revenue model</emphasis>: grant funding, "
"crowdfunding (project-based), donations, sponsorships"
"folkefinansiering (prosjektbasert), donasjoner, sponsing"
#. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><blockquote><para>
-#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:8002
+#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:8475
msgid "<emphasis role=\"strong\">Interview date</emphasis>: February 24, 2016"
msgstr ""
"<emphasis role=\"strong\">Dato for intervju</emphasis>: 24. februar 2016"
#. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><blockquote><para>
-#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:8005
+#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:8479
msgid ""
"<emphasis role=\"strong\">Interviewee</emphasis>: Neal Gorenflo, cofounder "
"and executive editor"
"og administrerende redaktør"
#. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para>
-#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:8013
+#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:8487
#, fuzzy
#| msgid ""
#| "In 2013, Shareable faced an impasse. The nonprofit online publication had "
"valg: Å ri på bølgen, eller stå på prinsippet."
#. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para>
-#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:8024
+#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:8498
#, fuzzy
#| msgid ""
#| "As an organization, Shareable decided to draw a line in the sand. In "
"‹Borgkollektivet› </quote>."
#. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para>
-#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:8036
+#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:8510
#, fuzzy
#| msgid ""
#| "Neal said their public critique of the corporate sharing economy defined "
"klart oss igjennom den kritikken som Airbnb og Uber møter nå</quote>."
#. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para>
-#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:8046
+#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:8520
#, fuzzy
#| msgid ""
#| "Interestingly, impassioned supporters are only a small sliver of "
"fortsatte med et voksende publikum."
#. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para>
-#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:8057
+#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:8531
#, fuzzy
#| msgid ""
#| "Shareable is a magazine, but the content they publish is a means to "
"ressursulikhet, sosial isolasjon og global oppvarming."
#. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para>
-#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:8069
+#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:8543
#, fuzzy
#| msgid ""
#| "They have worked hard to find ways to tell stories that show different "
"til å gjøre endringer i sine egne liv og samfunn."
#. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para>
-#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:8081
+#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:8555
msgid ""
"More than half of Shareable’s stories are written by paid journalists that "
"are contracted by the magazine. <quote>Particularly in content areas that "
"nettverket er lisensiert med Creative Commons."
#. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para>
-#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:8096
+#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:8570
#, fuzzy
#| msgid ""
#| "All of Shareable’s original content is published under the Attribution "
"vi har</quote>."
#. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para>
-#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:8111
+#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:8585
msgid ""
"In addition to their regular news and commentary online, Shareable has also "
"experimented with book publishing. In 2012, they worked with a traditional "
"produsentene av trafikk på hjemmesiden deres."
#. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para>
-#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:8121
+#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:8595
msgid ""
"In 2016, Shareable self-published a book of curated Shareable stories called "
"How to: Share, Save Money and Have Fun. The book was available for sale, but "
"Shareable planlegger å tilby boken i kommende pengeinnsamlingskampanjer."
#. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para>
-#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:8128
+#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:8602
msgid ""
"This recent book is one of many fund-raising experiments Shareable has "
"conducted in recent years. Currently, Shareable is primarily funded by "
"samfunnet, vil bedre representere deres visjon av verden."
#. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para>
-#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:8138
+#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:8612
#, fuzzy
#| msgid ""
#| "For Shareable, success is very much about their impact on the world. This "
"komforten i hjemmet</quote>."
#. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para>
-#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:8151
+#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:8625
#, fuzzy
#| msgid ""
#| "In 2013, Shareable ran its first crowdfunding campaign to launch their "
"støttespillere var folk i deres eksisterende base."
#. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para>
-#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:8161
+#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:8635
msgid ""
"For Neal, this symbolized how so much of success comes down to "
"relationships. Over time, Shareable has invested time and energy into the "
"relasjoner mellom sine lesere og tilhengere."
#. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para>
-#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:8168
+#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:8642
#, fuzzy
#| msgid ""
#| "Shareable began hosting events in 2010. These events were designed to "
"ny CC-lisensiert bok i 2017 fylt med ideer som nettverket kan gjennomføre."
#. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para>
-#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:8185
+#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:8659
msgid ""
"Neal says Shareable stumbled upon this strategy, but it seems to perfectly "
"encapsulate just how the commons is supposed to work. Rather than a one-"
"ta ideer og tilpasse dem til sine egne lokalsamfunn."
#. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><title>
-#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:8193
+#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:8667
msgid "Siyavula"
msgstr "Siyavula"
#. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><blockquote><para>
-#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:8196
+#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:8670
msgid ""
"Siyavula is a for-profit educational-technology company that creates "
"textbooks and integrated learning experiences. Founded in 2012 in South "
"lærebøker og integrerte læringsopplevelser. Grunnlagt i 2012 i Sør-Afrika."
#. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><blockquote><para>
-#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:8201
+#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:8675
msgid "<ulink url=\"http://www.siyavula.com\"/>"
msgstr "<ulink url=\"http://www.siyavula.com\"/>"
#. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><blockquote><para>
-#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:8203
+#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:8678
msgid ""
"<emphasis role=\"strong\">Revenue model</emphasis>: charging for custom "
"services, sponsorships"
"tjenester, sponsing"
#. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><blockquote><para>
-#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:8206
+#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:8682
msgid "<emphasis role=\"strong\">Interview date</emphasis>: April 5, 2016"
msgstr "<emphasis role=\"strong\">Intervjudato</emphasis>: 5. april 2016"
#. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><blockquote><para>
-#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:8208
+#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:8685
msgid "<emphasis role=\"strong\">Interviewee</emphasis>: Mark Horner, CEO"
msgstr ""
"<emphasis role=\"strong\">Intervjuet</emphasis>: Mark Horner, "
"administrerende direktør"
#. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para>
-#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:8215
+#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:8692
msgid ""
"Openness is a key principle for Siyavula. They believe that every learner "
"and teacher should have access to high-quality educational resources, as "
"til tolvte klasse i Sør-Afrika."
#. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para>
-#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:8223
+#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:8700
#, fuzzy
msgid ""
"In terms of creating an open business model that involves Creative Commons, "
"for å overleve og blomstre. Mark sier det hele har opptrådt veldig organisk."
#. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para>
-#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:8230
+#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:8707
msgid ""
"It all started in 2002, when Mark and several other colleagues at the "
"University of Cape Town in South Africa founded the Free High School Science "
"tilgjengelig."
#. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para><footnote><para>
-#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:8241
+#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:8720
msgid "<ulink url=\"http://www.gnu.org/licenses/fdl\"/>"
msgstr "<ulink url=\"http://www.gnu.org/licenses/fdl\"/>"
#. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para>
-#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:8238
+#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:8715
msgid ""
"As physicists, Mark and his colleagues were advocates of open-source "
"software. To make the books open and free, they adopted the Free Software "
"klasse."
#. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para>
-#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:8247
+#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:8728
msgid ""
"In 2007, the Shuttleworth Foundation offered funding support to make the "
"textbooks available for trial use at more schools. Surveys before and after "
"Shuttleworth. Mark er utrolig stolt av å ha oppnådd dette."
#. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para>
-#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:8255
+#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:8736
msgid ""
"But the development of new textbooks froze at this stage. Mark shifted his "
"focus to rural schools, which didn’t have textbooks at all, and looked into "
"men ikke mange nok til å møte behovet."
#. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para><footnote><para>
-#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:8265
+#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:8748
msgid "<ulink url=\"http://www.capetowndeclaration.org\"/>"
msgstr "<ulink url=\"http://www.capetowndeclaration.org\"/>"
#. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para>
-#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:8261
+#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:8742
msgid ""
"In 2007, Shuttleworth and the Open Society Institute convened a group of "
"open-education activists for a small but lively meeting in Cape Town. One "
"engelsk. Det prosjektet ble til Siyavula."
#. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para>
-#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:8270
+#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:8755
msgid ""
"They wrote six original textbooks. A small publishing company offered "
"Shuttleworth the option to buy out the publisher’s existing K–9 content for "
"seks opprinnelige bøkene."
#. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para>
-#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:8278
+#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:8763
msgid ""
"Mark wanted to build out the remaining curricula collaboratively through "
"communities of practice—that is, with fellow educators and writers. Although "
"trygge å dele, og fri fra juridiske tilbakeslag."
#. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para><footnote><para>
-#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:8297
+#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:8784
msgid "<ulink url=\"http://cnx.org\"/>"
msgstr "<ulink url=\"http://cnx.org\"/>"
#. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para>
-#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:8293
+#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:8778
msgid ""
"Not only did Mark want the resources to be shareable, he wanted all teachers "
"to be able to remix and edit the content. Mark and his team had to come up "
"komplisert, og lærebøker ble sjelden redigert."
#. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para>
-#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:8301
+#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:8790
msgid ""
"Then the Shuttleworth Foundation decided to completely restructure its work "
"as a foundation into a fellowship model (for reasons completely unrelated to "
"som en uavhengig enhet, og tok eierskap over det som medlem av Shuttleworth."
#. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para>
-#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:8308
+#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:8797
msgid ""
"Mark and his team experimented with several different strategies. They "
"tried creating an authoring and hosting platform called Full Marks so that "
"virkelig rullet ut."
#. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para>
-#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:8316
+#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:8805
msgid ""
"Then the South African government approached Siyavula with an interest in "
"printing out the original six Free High School Science Texts (math and "
"dette som en stor mulighet."
#. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para>
-#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:8324
+#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:8813
msgid ""
"They began to conceive of the six books as having massive marketing "
"potential for Siyavula. Printing Siyavula books for every kid in South "
"til dem fra alle enheter – datamaskin, nettbrett eller mobiltelefon."
#. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para>
-#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:8333
+#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:8822
msgid ""
"Mark and his team began imagining what they could develop beyond what was in "
"the textbooks as a service they charge for. One key thing you can’t do well "
"den i de åpne lærebøkene."
#. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para>
-#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:8346
+#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:8835
msgid ""
"The costs for using Intelligent Practice were set very low, making it "
"accessible even to those with limited financial means. Siyavula was going "
"mest bemidlede delen av markedet."
#. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para>
-#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:8352
+#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:8841
msgid ""
"The government distributed the books to 1.5 million students, but there was "
"an unexpected wrinkle: the books were delivered late. Rather than wait, "
"utilsiktet for lavinntektselever."
#. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para>
-#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:8361
+#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:8850
#, fuzzy
#| msgid ""
#| "Siyavula’s site did see a dramatic increase in traffic. They got five "
"de betjente."
#. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para>
-#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:8370
+#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:8859
msgid ""
"At first, the Intelligent Practice services could only be paid using a "
"credit card. This proved problematic, especially for those in the low-income "
"er, hva prisen er, og hva som er barrierene for bruk."
#. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para>
-#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:8379
+#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:8868
msgid ""
"Mark describes this as the first version of Siyavula’s business model: open "
"textbooks serving as marketing material and driving traffic to your site, "
"til å bli en betalende kunde."
#. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para>
-#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:8385
+#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:8874
msgid ""
"For Mark a key decision for Siyavula’s business was to focus on how they can "
"add value on top of their basic service. They’ll charge only if they are "
"uten å legge til noen verdi av det."
#. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para>
-#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:8394
+#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:8883
msgid ""
"Version two of Siyavula’s business model was a big, ambitious idea—scale up. "
"They also decided to sell the Intelligent Practice service to schools "
"naturfag- og matematikkavdelingene abonnerer."
#. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para>
-#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:8405
+#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:8894
msgid ""
"Teachers get a dashboard that allows them to monitor the progress of an "
"entire class or view an individual learner’s results. They can see the "
"ytelsen deres blir bedret."
#. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para>
-#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:8414
+#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:8903
msgid ""
"Based on the success of this effort, Siyavula decided to substantially "
"increase the production of open educational resources so they could provide "
"for klassen 4 til 6 og senere for klasse 7 til 9."
#. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para><footnote><para>
-#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:8425
+#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:8916
msgid "<ulink url=\"http://www.siyavula.com/products-primary-school.html\"/>"
msgstr "<ulink url=\"http://www.siyavula.com/products-primary-school.html\"/>"
#. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para>
-#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:8422
+#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:8911
msgid ""
"In partnership with, and sponsored by, the Sasol Inzalo Foundation, Siyavula "
"produced a series of natural sciences and technology workbooks for grades 4 "
"har med lærerens veiledninger og andre ressurser."
#. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para>
-#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:8429
+#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:8922
msgid ""
"Through this experience, Siyavula learned they could get sponsors to help "
"fund openly licensed textbooks. It helped that Siyavula had by this time "
"deres være synlig på bøker distribuert til over en million elever."
#. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para>
-#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:8439
+#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:8932
msgid ""
"The Siyavula books that are reviewed, approved, and branded by the "
"government are freely and openly available on Siyavula’s website under an "
"slik at andre kan modifisere og redistribuere bøkene."
#. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para>
-#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:8447
+#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:8940
msgid ""
"Although the South African government paid to print and distribute hard "
"copies of the books to schoolkids, Siyavula itself received no funding from "
"regjeringen nei."
#. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para>
-#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:8458
+#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:8951
msgid ""
"Using Siyavula books generated huge savings for the government. Providing "
"students with a traditionally published grade 12 science or math textbook "
"ettersom det tillot dem å forbli uavhengige av regjeringen."
#. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para>
-#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:8468
+#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:8961
msgid ""
"Just as Siyavula was planning to scale up the production of open textbooks "
"even more, the South African government changed its textbook policy. To save "
"Siyavulas ville bli valgt. Dette skremte bort mulige sponsorer."
#. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para>
-#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:8476
+#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:8969
msgid ""
"Rather than producing more textbooks, Siyavula focused on improving its "
"Intelligent Practice technology for its existing books. Mark calls this "
"hans ektefelle), og fortsetter å være den modellen Siyavula bruker i dag."
#. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para>
-#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:8487
+#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:8980
msgid ""
"Mark says sales are way up, and they are really nailing Intelligent "
"Practice. Schools continue to use their open textbooks. The government-"
"seg å være svært omstridt, og svever i uvisshet."
#. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para>
-#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:8494
+#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:8987
msgid ""
"Siyavula is exploring a range of enhancements to their business model. These "
"include charging a small amount for assessment services provided over the "
"Practice."
#. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para>
-#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:8502
+#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:8995
msgid ""
"Siyavula is a for-profit business but one with a social mission. Their "
"shareholders’ agreement lists lots of requirements around openness for "
"runder noen ganger, men både han og selskapet er blitt sterkere av det."
#. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><title>
-#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:8518
+#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:9012
msgid "SparkFun"
msgstr "SparkFun"
#. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><blockquote><para>
-#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:8521
+#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:9015
msgid ""
"SparkFun is an online electronics retailer specializing in open hardware. "
"Founded in 2003 in the U.S."
"åpen maskinvare. Grunnlagt i 2003 i USA."
#. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><blockquote><para>
-#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:8525
+#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:9019
msgid "<ulink url=\"http://www.sparkfun.com\"/>"
msgstr "<ulink url=\"http://www.sparkfun.com\"/>"
#. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><blockquote><para>
-#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:8527
+#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:9022
msgid ""
"<emphasis role=\"strong\">Revenue model</emphasis>: charging for physical "
"copies (electronics sales)"
"kopier (elektroniske salg)"
#. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><blockquote><para>
-#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:8530
+#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:9026
msgid "<emphasis role=\"strong\">Interview date</emphasis>: February 29, 2016"
msgstr ""
"<emphasis role=\"strong\">Dato for intervju</emphasis>: 29. februar 2016"
#. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><blockquote><para>
-#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:8533
+#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:9030
msgid ""
"<emphasis role=\"strong\">Interviewee</emphasis>: Nathan Seidle, founder"
msgstr ""
"<emphasis role=\"strong\">Intervjuet</emphasis>: Nathan Seidle, grunnlegger"
#. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para>
-#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:8541
+#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:9038
msgid ""
"SparkFun founder and former CEO Nathan Seidle has a picture of himself "
"holding up a clone of a SparkFun product in an electronics market in China, "
"andre. Hans reaksjon var fryd."
#. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para>
-#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:8547
+#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:9045
#, fuzzy
#| msgid ""
#| "“Being copied is the greatest earmark of flattery and success,” Nathan "
"hvordan vi påvirket verden</quote>."
#. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para>
-#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:8553
+#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:9051
msgid ""
"This worldview runs through everything SparkFun does. SparkFun is an "
"electronics manufacturer. The company sells its products directly to the "
"egenhånd. Å bli kopiert er en del av designet."
#. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para>
-#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:8562
+#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:9060
#, fuzzy
#| msgid ""
#| "Nathan believes open licensing is good for the world. “It touches on our "
"annet enn produktdesign, eller hva de vanligvis vurderer som sitt åndsverk."
#. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para>
-#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:8571
+#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:9070
#, fuzzy
#| msgid ""
#| "“We compete on business principles,” Nathan said. “Claiming your "
"bort det sikkerhetsnettet</quote>."
#. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para>
-#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:8577
+#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:9076
#, fuzzy
#| msgid ""
#| "The result is an intense company-wide focus on product development and "
"smertefullt det er for oss, kommer det kundene til gode</quote>."
#. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para>
-#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:8587
+#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:9086
#, fuzzy
#| msgid ""
#| "SparkFun parts are available on eBay for lower prices. But people come "
"quote>."
#. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para>
-#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:8597
+#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:9096
#, fuzzy
#| msgid ""
#| "SparkFun’s company history began in Nathan’s college dorm room. He spent "
"uteksaminert, begynte han å lage og selge sine egne produkter."
#. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para>
-#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:8609
+#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:9108
#, fuzzy
#| msgid ""
#| "Once he started designing his own products, he began putting the software "
"produktene de lager."
#. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para>
-#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:8618
+#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:9117
msgid ""
"The company has grown from a solo project to a corporation with 140 "
"employees. In 2015, SparkFun earned $33 million in revenue. Selling "
"av brett for videresalg under Arduinos merke."
#. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para>
-#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:8627
+#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:9126
msgid ""
"SparkFun also has an educational department dedicated to creating a hands-on "
"curriculum to teach students about electronics using prototyping parts. "
"kjernevirksomheten."
#. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para>
-#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:8634
+#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:9134
#, fuzzy
#| msgid ""
#| "“We have the burden and opportunity to educate the next generation of "
"til tre hundre og femti tusen videregående elever i 2020</quote>."
#. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para>
-#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:8640
+#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:9140
#, fuzzy
#| msgid ""
#| "The Creative Commons license underlying all of SparkFun’s products is "
"de samme lisensvilkårene."
#. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para>
-#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:8651
+#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:9151
msgid ""
"From the beginning, Nathan has tried to create a work environment at "
"SparkFun that he himself would want to work in. The result is what appears "
"publikum til en konkurranse en gang i året."
#. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para>
-#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:8662
+#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:9162
msgid ""
"The public event, called the Autonomous Vehicle Competition, brings in a "
"thousand to two thousand customers and other technology enthusiasts from "
"arrangerer ikke samlingen i forretningsøyemed. <quote>Grunnen til at vi gjør "
"det, er fordi jeg får reise og ha kontakt med kundene våre hele tiden, mens "
"de fleste av våre ansatte får ikke det.</quote> <quote>Denne hendelsen gir "
-"ansatte mulighet til å få kontakt ansikt til ansikt med kundene våre.</quote>"
-" Samlingen gir arbeidet deres et menneskelig element, noe som gjør den mer "
-"meningsfylt."
+"ansatte mulighet til å få kontakt ansikt til ansikt med kundene våre.</"
+"quote> Samlingen gir arbeidet deres et menneskelig element, noe som gjør den "
+"mer meningsfylt."
#. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para>
-#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:8676
+#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:9176
msgid ""
"Nathan has worked hard to imbue a deeper meaning into the work SparkFun "
"does. The company is, of course, focused on being fiscally responsible, but "
"de ikke bare fokuserer på bunnlinjen."
#. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para>
-#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:8686
+#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:9186
msgid ""
"The company is committed to transparency and shares all of its financials "
"with its employees. They also generally strive to avoid being another "
"til nettområdet deres."
#. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para>
-#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:8693
+#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:9193
#, fuzzy
#| msgid ""
#| "SparkFun’s customer base is largely made up of industrious electronics "
"vil designe noe for å ta oss av det</quote>."
#. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para>
-#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:8705
+#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:9205
msgid ""
"However, this sort of customer engagement does not always translate to "
"people actively contributing to SparkFun’s projects. The company has a "
"virkeligheten ikke riktig.</quote>"
#. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para>
-#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:8716
+#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:9216
msgid ""
"Rather than focusing on cocreation with their customers, SparkFun instead "
"focuses on enabling people to copy, tinker, and improve products on their "
"på egen hånd. De investerer tungt i veiledninger og annet materiale som "
"hjelper folk å forstå hvordan produktene fungerer, slik at de selv kan fikse "
"og forbedre ting. <quote>Det gir meg glede når folk tar et oppsett fra fri "
-"programvare, og deretter bygger sine egne kretskort basert på vår "
-"utforming</quote>, sier Nathan."
+"programvare, og deretter bygger sine egne kretskort basert på vår utforming</"
+"quote>, sier Nathan."
#. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para>
-#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:8726
+#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:9226
msgid ""
"Obviously, opening up the design of their products is a necessary step if "
"their goal is to empower the public. Nathan also firmly believes it makes "
"ord, det gjør dem til et slikt selskapet de har satt seg fore å være."
#. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><title>
-#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:8740
+#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:9240
msgid "TeachAIDS"
msgstr "TeachAIDS"
#. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><blockquote><para>
-#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:8743
+#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:9243
msgid ""
"TeachAIDS is a nonprofit that creates educational materials designed to "
"teach people around the world about HIV and AIDS. Founded in 2005 in the U."
"folk over hele verden om HIV og AIDS. Grunnlagt i 2005 i USA."
#. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><blockquote><para>
-#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:8748
+#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:9248
msgid "<ulink url=\"http://teachaids.org\"/>"
msgstr "<ulink url=\"http://teachaids.org\"/>"
#. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><blockquote><para>
-#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:8750
+#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:9251
msgid "<emphasis role=\"strong\">Revenue model</emphasis>: sponsorships"
msgstr "<emphasis role=\"strong\">Inntektsmodell</emphasis>: Sponsing"
#. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><blockquote><para>
-#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:8752
+#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:9254
msgid "<emphasis role=\"strong\">Interview date</emphasis>: March 24, 2016"
msgstr "<emphasis role=\"strong\">Intervjudato</emphasis>: 24. mars 2016"
#. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><blockquote><para>
-#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:8755
+#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:9258
msgid ""
"<emphasis role=\"strong\">Interviewees</emphasis>: Piya Sorcar, the CEO, and "
"Shuman Ghosemajumder, the chair"
"administrerende direktør, og Shuman Ghosemajumder, styret"
#. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para>
-#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:8763
+#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:9266
msgid ""
"TeachAIDS is an unconventional media company with a conventional revenue "
"model. Like most media companies, they are subsidized by advertising. "
"distribuerer."
#. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para>
-#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:8769
+#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:9272
msgid ""
"But unlike most media companies, Teach-AIDS is a nonprofit organization with "
"a purely social mission. TeachAIDS is dedicated to educating the global "
"innhold er gratis og gjort tilgjengelig under en Creative Commons-lisens."
#. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para>
-#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:8782
+#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:9285
msgid ""
"TeachAIDS is a labor of love for founder and CEO Piya Sorcar, who earns a "
"salary of one dollar per year from the nonprofit. The project grew out of "
"av informasjon."
#. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para>
-#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:8802
+#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:9305
#, fuzzy
#| msgid ""
#| "In late 2005, Piya and her team used research-based design to create new "
"tilpasset utdanning</quote>, sa Piya."
#. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para>
-#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:8814
+#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:9317
msgid ""
"Very shortly after the initial release, Piya’s team decided to spin the "
"endeavor into an independent nonprofit out of Stanford University. They also "
"også å bruke Creative Commons-lisenser på materialet."
#. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para>
-#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:8820
+#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:9323
#, fuzzy
#| msgid ""
#| "Given their educational mission, TeachAIDS had an obvious interest in "
"quote>"
#. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para>
-#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:8836
+#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:9339
#, fuzzy
#| msgid ""
#| "Choosing a license that does not allow adaptation of the content was an "
"<quote>Forskning styrer alt vi gjør.</quote>"
#. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para>
-#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:8845
+#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:9348
msgid ""
"One important finding was that people accept the message best when it comes "
"from familiar voices they trust and admire. To achieve this, TeachAIDS "
"tilpassede versjon av materialet."
#. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para>
-#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:8854
+#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:9357
msgid ""
"Localization is probably the single-most important aspect of the way "
"TeachAIDS creates its content. While each regional version builds from the "
"informasjon fra noen av det samme kjønn."
#. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para>
-#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:8869
+#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:9372
msgid ""
"The localization process relies heavily on volunteers. Their volunteer base "
"is deeply committed to the cause, and the organization has had better luck "
"denne syklusen elleve ganger."
#. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para>
-#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:8885
+#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:9388
#, fuzzy
#| msgid ""
#| "TeachAIDS employs full-time employees, contractors, and volunteers, all "
"start på avspilleren</quote>."
#. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para>
-#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:8905
+#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:9408
#, fuzzy
#| msgid ""
#| "Piya’s team was able to produce all of these versions over several years "
"svært effektive modell, var å gjøre den helt gratis.</quote>"
#. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para>
-#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:8918
+#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:9421
msgid ""
"Like many content creators offering their work for free, they settled on "
"advertising as a funding model. But they were extremely careful not to let "
"det pedagogiske innholdet. Alt innhold er fortsatt merket som TeachAIDS."
#. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para>
-#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:8929
+#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:9432
#, fuzzy
#| msgid ""
#| "TeachAIDS is careful not to seek funding to cover the costs of a specific "
"hatt materiale for rikere land</quote>, sa Shuman."
#. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para>
-#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:8939
+#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:9442
#, fuzzy
#| msgid ""
#| "As of 2016, TeachAIDS has dozens of sponsors. “When we go into a new "
"sponsorat kan være til fordel for et merke i mange år framover."
#. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para>
-#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:8953
+#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:9456
#, fuzzy
#| msgid ""
#| "Importantly, the value to corporate sponsors goes beyond commercial "
"disse initiativene."
#. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para>
-#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:8962
+#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:9465
#, fuzzy
#| msgid ""
#| "The core mission of TeachAIDS—ensuring global access to life-saving "
"forutsetningene for TeachAIDS</quote>, sier Piya."
#. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><title>
-#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:8972
+#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:9475
msgid "Tribe of Noise"
msgstr "Tribe of Noise"
#. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><blockquote><para>
-#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:8975
+#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:9478
msgid ""
"Tribe of Noise is a for-profit online music platform serving the film, TV, "
"video, gaming, and in-store-media industries. Founded in 2008 in the "
"Nederland."
#. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><blockquote><para>
-#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:8980
+#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:9483
msgid "<ulink url=\"http://www.tribeofnoise.com\"/>"
msgstr "<ulink url=\"http://www.tribeofnoise.com\"/>"
#. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><blockquote><para>
-#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:8985
+#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:9490
msgid "<emphasis role=\"strong\">Interview date</emphasis>: January 26, 2016"
msgstr ""
"<emphasis role=\"strong\">Dato for intervju</emphasis>: 26. januar 2016"
#. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><blockquote><para>
-#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:8988
+#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:9494
msgid ""
"<emphasis role=\"strong\">Interviewee</emphasis>: Hessel van Oorschot, "
"cofounder"
"medgrunnlegger"
#. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para>
-#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:8996
+#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:9502
msgid ""
"In the early 2000s, Hessel van Oorschot was an entrepreneur running a "
"business where he coached other midsize entrepreneurs how to create an "
"lisensiering, inkludert bruk av fri programvare og Creative Commons."
#. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para>
-#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:9005
+#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:9511
msgid ""
"In 2005, Hessel and Sandra Brandenburg launched a niche video-production "
"initiative. Almost immediately, they ran into issues around finding and "
"lisensiere musikk direkte fra en rettighetshaver lett tilgjengelig."
#. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para>
-#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:9015
+#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:9521
#, fuzzy
#| msgid ""
#| "They hired two lawyers to investigate further, and while they uncovered "
"Sandra tidlig i 2008 å bygge en plattform."
#. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para>
-#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:9025
+#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:9531
msgid ""
"Building a platform posed a real chicken-and-egg problem. The platform had "
"to build an online community of music-rights holders and, at the same time, "
"musikk krever et tillitsforhold."
#. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para>
-#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:9032
+#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:9538
msgid ""
"In July 2008, Tribe of Noise opened its virtual doors with a couple hundred "
"musicians willing to use the CC BY-SA license (Attribution-ShareAlike) for a "
"problemene de to personlig hadde erfart for å finne denne musikken."
#. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para><footnote><para>
-#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:9047
+#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:9555
msgid "<ulink url=\"http://www.instoremusicservice.com\"/>"
msgstr "<ulink url=\"http://www.instoremusicservice.com\"/>"
#. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para>
-#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:9040
+#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:9546
msgid ""
"As they were growing the community, Hessel got a phone call from a company "
"that made in-store music playlists asking if they had enough music licensed "
"<placeholder type=\"footnote\" id=\"0\"/>"
#. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para>
-#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:9050
+#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:9560
#, fuzzy
#| msgid ""
#| "In most countries, artists, authors, and musicians join a collecting "
"Hessel, <quote>Vi kjemper fortsatt for en god sak hver eneste dag</quote>."
#. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para>
-#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:9071
+#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:9581
#, fuzzy
#| msgid ""
#| "Instead of building a large sales force, Tribe of Noise partnered with "
"Commons. Etter Nederland fulgte oppfølgingen i Skandinavia, Belgia, og USA."
#. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para>
-#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:9085
+#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:9595
msgid ""
"Tribe of Noise doesn’t pay the musicians up front; they get paid when their "
"music ends up in Tribe of Noise’s in-store music channels. The musicians’ "
"betydelig bedre avtale. Her viser de et eksempel på sin hjemmeside:"
#. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para><footnote><para>
-#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:9101
+#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:9613
msgid "<ulink url=\"http://www.tribeofnoise.com/info_instoremusic.php\"/>"
msgstr "<ulink url=\"http://www.tribeofnoise.com/info_instoremusic.php\"/>"
#. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para>
-#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:9093
+#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:9603
msgid ""
"A few of your songs [licensed with CC BY-SA], for example five in total, are "
"selected for a bespoke in-store music channel broadcasting at a large "
"\"footnote\" id=\"0\"/>"
#. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para>
-#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:9104
+#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:9618
msgid ""
"Tribe of Noise has another model that does not involve Creative Commons. In "
"a survey with members, most said they liked the exposure using Creative "
"lisensen utelukke dem fra å bli rik fra salg av den sangen."
#. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para>
-#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:9115
+#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:9629
msgid ""
"Hessel’s legal team took this feedback and created a second model and "
"separate area of the platform called Tribe of Noise Pro. Songs uploaded to "
"avtale."
#. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para>
-#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:9126
+#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:9640
msgid ""
"Tribe of Noise Pro is primarily geared toward media makers who are looking "
"for music. If they buy a license from this catalog, they don’t have to state "
"avtale."
#. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para>
-#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:9134
+#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:9648
msgid ""
"Lots of Tribe of Noise musicians upload songs to both Tribe of Noise Pro and "
"the community area of Tribe of Noises. There aren’t that many artists who "
"musikkrepertoar enn fellesområdet."
#. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para>
-#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:9140
+#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:9654
msgid ""
"Hessel sees the two as complementary. Both are needed for the model to work. "
"With a whole generation of musicians interested in the sharing economy, the "
"andre modeller som Tribe of Noise Pro."
#. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para>
-#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:9148
+#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:9662
msgid ""
"Every musician who joins Tribe of Noise gets their own home page and free "
"unlimited Web space to upload as much of their own music as they like. Tribe "
"plattformen, og som virkelig engasjerer seg med dem."
#. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para>
-#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:9159
+#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:9673
msgid ""
"Another way Tribe of Noise creates community and interest is with contests, "
"which are organized in partnership with Tribe of Noise clients. The client "
"lage en sang for å møte det behovet."
#. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para>
-#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:9169
+#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:9683
msgid ""
"Tribe of Noise now has twenty-seven thousand members from 192 countries, and "
"many are exploring do-it-yourself models for generating revenue. Some came "
"under CC BY-SA, og velger andre opphavsrettsselskaper som ASCAP eller BMI."
#. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para>
-#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:9181
+#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:9695
msgid ""
"It’s not uncommon for performance-rights organizations, record labels, or "
"music publishers to sign contracts with musicians based on exclusivity. Such "
"dette arbeidet uten rettstvister."
#. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para>
-#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:9198
+#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:9712
msgid ""
"For Hessel the key to Tribe of Noise’s success is trust. The fact that "
"Creative Commons licenses work the same way all over the world and have been "
"for musikk, en modell basert på tillit."
#. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><title>
-#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:9210
+#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:9725
msgid "Wikimedia Foundation"
msgstr "Wikimedia-stiftelsen"
#. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><blockquote><para>
-#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:9213
+#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:9728
msgid ""
"The Wikimedia Foundation is the nonprofit organization that hosts Wikipedia "
"and its sister projects. Founded in 2003 in the U.S."
"søsterprosjekter. Grunnlagt i 2003 i USA."
#. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><blockquote><para>
-#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:9218
+#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:9733
msgid "<ulink url=\"http://wikimediafoundation.org\"/>"
msgstr "<ulink url=\"http://wikimediafoundation.org\"/>"
#. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><blockquote><para>
-#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:9220
+#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:9736
msgid "<emphasis role=\"strong\">Revenue model</emphasis>: donations"
msgstr "<emphasis role=\"strong\">Inntektsmodell</emphasis>: Donasjoner"
#. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><blockquote><para>
-#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:9222
+#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:9739
msgid "<emphasis role=\"strong\">Interview date</emphasis>: December 18, 2015"
msgstr ""
"<emphasis role=\"strong\">Dato for intervju</emphasis>: 18. desember 2015"
#. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><blockquote><para>
-#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:9225
+#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:9743
msgid ""
"<emphasis role=\"strong\">Interviewees</emphasis>: Luis Villa, former Chief "
"Officer of Community Engagement, and Stephen LaPorte, legal counsel"
"for Community Engagement, og Stephen LaPorte, advokat"
#. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para>
-#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:9234
+#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:9752
msgid "Nearly every person with an online presence knows Wikipedia."
msgstr "Nesten hver person som er på nettet vet om Wikipedia."
#. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para>
-#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:9237
+#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:9755
msgid ""
"In many ways, it is the preeminent open project: The online encyclopedia is "
"created entirely by volunteers. Anyone in the world can edit the articles. "
"tilpasse det til hvilket som helst formål."
#. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para>
-#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:9245
+#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:9763
msgid ""
"As of December 2016, there were more than forty-two million articles in the "
"295 language editions of the online encyclopedia, according to—what else?—"
"nettleksikonet, ifølge, selvfølgelig, Wikipedia-artikkelen om Wikipedia."
#. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para>
-#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:9250
+#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:9768
msgid ""
"The Wikimedia Foundation is a U.S.-based nonprofit organization that owns "
"the Wikipedia domain name and hosts the site, along with many other related "
"tusen som ikke er koblet til en bestemt organisasjon."
#. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para>
-#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:9264
+#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:9782
msgid ""
"As Wikimedia legal counsel Stephen LaPorte told us, <quote>There is a common "
"saying that Wikipedia works in practice but not in theory.</quote> While it "
"are a striking testament to the power of human collaboration."
msgstr ""
"Som Wikimedias juridiske rådgiver Stephen LaPorte fortalte oss, <quote>Det "
-"er et vanlig ordtak at Wikipedia fungerer i praksis, men ikke i "
-"teorien</quote>. Mens det utvilsomt har sine utfordringer og feil, er "
-"Wikipedia og dets søsterprosjekter et slående eksempel på betydningen av "
-"kraften i menneskelig samarbeid."
+"er et vanlig ordtak at Wikipedia fungerer i praksis, men ikke i teorien</"
+"quote>. Mens det utvilsomt har sine utfordringer og feil, er Wikipedia og "
+"dets søsterprosjekter et slående eksempel på betydningen av kraften i "
+"menneskelig samarbeid."
#. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para>
-#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:9271
+#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:9789
msgid ""
"Because of its extraordinary breadth and scope, it does feel a bit like a "
"unicorn. Indeed, there is nothing else like Wikipedia. Still, much of what "
"omfang."
#. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para>
-#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:9280
+#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:9798
msgid ""
"The story of Wikipedia has been told many times. For our purposes, it is "
"enough to know the experiment started in 2001 at a small scale, inspired by "
"redigeringer utføres hver time."
#. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para>
-#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:9292
+#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:9810
#, fuzzy
#| msgid ""
#| "The nature of the content the community creates is ideal for asynchronous "
"nettsteder."
#. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para>
-#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:9316
+#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:9834
msgid ""
"Some of that is directed at servers and general IT support, but the "
"foundation also invests a significant amount on architecture designed to "
"Mesteparten av tiden ønsker folk å gjøre det som er riktig."
#. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para>
-#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:9332
+#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:9850
msgid ""
"Wikipedia not only relies on good behavior within its community and on its "
"sites, but also by everyone else once the content leaves Wikipedia. All of "
"best for alle</quote>."
#. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para><footnote><para>
-#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:9356
+#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:9876
msgid ""
"<ulink url=\"http://gimletmedia.com/episode/14-the-art-of-making-and-fixing-"
"mistakes/\"/>"
"mistakes/\"/>"
#. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para>
-#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:9344
+#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:9862
msgid ""
"Of course, the primary reason no one has successfully co-opted Wikipedia is "
"that copycat efforts do not have the Wikipedia community to sustain what "
"bevegelse som er like stor som vår, er det et utrolig mangfold av "
"motivasjoner</quote>, sa Stephen. Det er for eksempel en redaktør av den "
"engelske Wikipedia-utgaven som har rettet en enkel grammatisk feil i "
-"artikler mer enn førtiåtte tusen ganger.<placeholder type=\"footnote\" id=\""
-"0\"/> Bare en brøkdel av Wikipedia-brukere er også redaktører. Redigering er "
-"ikke den eneste måten å bidra til Wikipedia. <quote>Noen donerer tekst, noen "
-"donerer bilder, noen donerer økonomisk</quote>, fortalte Stephen oss. <quote>"
-"De er alle bidragsytere.</quote>"
+"artikler mer enn førtiåtte tusen ganger.<placeholder type=\"footnote\" id="
+"\"0\"/> Bare en brøkdel av Wikipedia-brukere er også redaktører. Redigering "
+"er ikke den eneste måten å bidra til Wikipedia. <quote>Noen donerer tekst, "
+"noen donerer bilder, noen donerer økonomisk</quote>, fortalte Stephen oss. "
+"<quote>De er alle bidragsytere.</quote>"
#. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para>
-#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:9363
+#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:9885
msgid ""
"But the vast majority of us who use Wikipedia are not contributors; we are "
"passive readers. The Wikimedia Foundation survives primarily on individual "
"mer enn 77 millioner dollar fra mer enn fem millioner givere."
#. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para>
-#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:9373
+#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:9895
msgid ""
"The foundation has a fund-raising team that works year-round to raise money, "
"but the bulk of their revenue comes in during the December campaign in "
"verdi, så gi tilbake. Hver liten del hjelper. Med nok øyne har de rett."
#. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para>
-#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:9384
+#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:9906
msgid ""
"The vision of the Wikimedia Foundation is a world in which every single "
"human being can freely share in the sum of all knowledge. They work to "
"er grunnleggende for alt fondet gjør."
#. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para>
-#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:9393
+#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:9915
msgid ""
"The philosophy behind the endeavor also enables the foundation to be "
"financially sustainable. It instills trust in their readership, which is "
"fellesskapet deres."
#. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para>
-#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:9399
+#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:9921
msgid ""
"Any given edit on Wikipedia could be motivated by nearly an infinite number "
"of reasons. But the social mission of the project is what binds the global "
"oss."
#. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para>
-#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:9406
+#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:9928
msgid ""
"Of course, what results from that movement is one of the Internet’s great "
"public resources. <quote>The Internet has a lot of businesses and stores, "
"offentlig område.</quote>"
#. type: Content of: <book><chapter><title>
-#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:9416
+#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:9939
msgid "Bibliography"
msgstr "Bibliografi"
#. type: Content of: <book><chapter><para>
-#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:9418
+#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:9941
msgid ""
"Alperovitz, Gar. What Then Must We Do? Straight Talk about the Next American "
"Revolution; Democratizing Wealth and Building a Community-Sustaining Economy "
"from the Ground Up. White River Junction, VT: Chelsea Green, 2013."
#. type: Content of: <book><chapter><para>
-#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:9424
+#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:9947
msgid ""
"Anderson, Chris. Free: How Today’s Smartest Businesses Profit by Giving "
"Something for Nothing, reprint with new preface. New York: Hyperion, 2010."
"Something for Nothing, reprint with new preface. New York: Hyperion, 2010."
#. type: Content of: <book><chapter><para>
-#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:9429
+#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:9952
msgid "———. Makers: The New Industrial Revolution. New York: Signal, 2012."
msgstr "———. Makers: The New Industrial Revolution. New York: Signal, 2012."
#. type: Content of: <book><chapter><para>
-#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:9432
+#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:9955
msgid ""
"Ariely, Dan. Predictably Irrational: The Hidden Forces That Shape Our "
"Decisions. Rev. ed. New York: Harper Perennial, 2010."
"Decisions. Oppdatert utgave. New York: Harper Perennial, 2010."
#. type: Content of: <book><chapter><para>
-#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:9436
+#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:9959
msgid ""
"Bacon, Jono. The Art of Community. 2nd ed. Sebastopol, CA: O’Reilly Media, "
"2012."
"Media, 2012."
#. type: Content of: <book><chapter><para>
-#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:9440
+#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:9963
msgid ""
"Benkler, Yochai. The Wealth of Networks: How Social Production Transforms "
"Markets and Freedom. New Haven: Yale University Press, 2006. <ulink url="
"CC BY-NC-SA)."
#. type: Content of: <book><chapter><para>
-#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:9447
+#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:9970
msgid ""
"Benyayer, Louis-David, ed. Open Models: Business Models of the Open Economy. "
"Cachan, France: Without Model, 2016. <ulink url=\"http://www.slideshare.net/"
"WithoutModel/open-models-book-64463892\"/> (lisensiert med CC BY-SA)."
#. type: Content of: <book><chapter><para>
-#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:9453
+#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:9976
msgid ""
"Bollier, David. Commoning as a Transformative Social Paradigm. Paper "
"commissioned by the Next Systems Project. Washington, DC: Democracy "
"transformative-social-paradigm/\"/>."
#. type: Content of: <book><chapter><para>
-#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:9459
+#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:9982
msgid ""
"———. Think Like a Commoner: A Short Introduction to the Life of the Commons. "
"Gabriola Island, BC: New Society, 2014."
"Gabriola Island, BC: New Society, 2014."
#. type: Content of: <book><chapter><para>
-#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:9463
+#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:9986
msgid ""
"Bollier, David, and Pat Conaty. Democratic Money and Capital for the "
"Commons: Strategies for Transforming Neoliberal Finance through Commons-"
"democratic-money-and-capital-commons\"/>."
#. type: Content of: <book><chapter><para>
-#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:9473
+#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:9996
msgid ""
"Bollier, David, and Silke Helfrich, eds. The Wealth of the Commons: A World "
"Beyond Market and State. Amherst, MA: Levellers Press, 2012."
"Beyond Market and State. Amherst, MA: Levellers Press, 2012."
#. type: Content of: <book><chapter><para>
-#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:9477
+#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:10000
msgid ""
"Botsman, Rachel, and Roo Rogers. What’s Mine Is Yours: The Rise of "
"Collaborative Consumption. New York: Harper Business, 2010."
"Collaborative Consumption. New York: Harper Business, 2010."
#. type: Content of: <book><chapter><para>
-#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:9481
+#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:10004
msgid ""
"Boyle, James. The Public Domain: Enclosing the Commons of the Mind. New "
"Haven: Yale University Press, 2008."
"Haven: Yale University Press, 2008."
#. type: Content of: <book><chapter><para>
-#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:9484
+#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:10008
msgid ""
"<ulink url=\"http://www.thepublicdomain.org/download/\"/> (licensed under CC "
"BY-NC-SA)."
"BY-NC-SA)."
#. type: Content of: <book><chapter><para>
-#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:9488
+#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:10012
msgid ""
"Capra, Fritjof, and Ugo Mattei. The Ecology of Law: Toward a Legal System in "
"Tune with Nature and Community. Oakland, CA: Berrett-Koehler, 2015."
"Tune with Nature and Community. Oakland, CA: Berrett-Koehler, 2015."
#. type: Content of: <book><chapter><para>
-#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:9493
+#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:10017
msgid ""
"Chesbrough, Henry. Open Business Models: How to Thrive in the New Innovation "
"Landscape. Boston: Harvard Business School Press, 2006."
"Landscape. Boston: Harvard Business School Press, 2006."
#. type: Content of: <book><chapter><para>
-#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:9497
+#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:10021
msgid ""
"———. Open Innovation: The New Imperative for Creating and Profiting from "
"Technology. Boston: Harvard Business Review Press, 2006."
"Technology. Boston: Harvard Business Review Press, 2006."
#. type: Content of: <book><chapter><para>
-#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:9501
+#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:10025
msgid ""
"City of Bologna. Regulation on Collaboration between Citizens and the City "
"for the Care and Regeneration of Urban Commons. Translated by LabGov "
"regeneration-of-urban-commons1.pdf\"/>."
#. type: Content of: <book><chapter><para>
-#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:9508
+#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:10032
msgid ""
"Cole, Daniel H. <quote>Learning from Lin: Lessons and Cautions from the "
"Natural Commons for the Knowledge Commons.</quote> Chap. 2 in Frischmann, "
"Madison, og Strandburg, Governing Knowledge Commons."
#. type: Content of: <book><chapter><para>
-#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:9513
+#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:10037
msgid ""
"Creative Commons. 2015 State of the Commons. Mountain View, CA: Creative "
"Commons, 2015. <ulink url=\"http://stateof.creativecommons.org/2015/\"/>."
"Commons, 2015. <ulink url=\"http://stateof.creativecommons.org/2015/\"/>."
#. type: Content of: <book><chapter><para>
-#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:9518
+#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:10042
msgid ""
"Doctorow, Cory. Information Doesn’t Want to Be Free: Laws for the Internet "
"Age. San Francisco: McSweeney’s, 2014."
"Age. San Francisco: McSweeney’s, 2014."
#. type: Content of: <book><chapter><para>
-#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:9522
+#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:10046
msgid ""
"Eckhardt, Giana, and Fleura Bardhi. <quote>The Sharing Economy Isn’t about "
"Sharing at All.</quote> Harvard Business Review, January 28, 2015. <ulink "
">."
#. type: Content of: <book><chapter><para>
-#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:9528
+#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:10052
msgid ""
"Elliott, Patricia W., and Daryl H. Hepting, eds. (2015). Free Knowledge: "
"Confronting the Commodification of Human Discovery. Regina, SK: University "
"Knowledge\"/> (lisensiert med CC BY-NC-ND)."
#. type: Content of: <book><chapter><para>
-#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:9535
+#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:10059
msgid ""
"Eyal, Nir. Hooked: How to Build Habit-Forming Products. With Ryan Hoover. "
"New York: Portfolio, 2014."
"New York: Portfolio, 2014."
#. type: Content of: <book><chapter><para>
-#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:9539
+#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:10063
msgid ""
"Farley, Joshua, and Ida Kubiszewski. <quote>The Economics of Information in "
"a Post-Carbon Economy.</quote> Chap. 11 in Elliott and Hepting, Free "
"Knowledge."
#. type: Content of: <book><chapter><para>
-#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:9544
+#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:10068
msgid ""
"Foster, William Landes, Peter Kim, and Barbara Christiansen. <quote>Ten "
"Nonprofit Funding Models.</quote> Stanford Social Innovation Review, Spring "
"ten_nonprofit_funding_models\"/>."
#. type: Content of: <book><chapter><para>
-#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:9550
+#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:10074
msgid ""
"Frischmann, Brett M. Infrastructure: The Social Value of Shared Resources. "
"New York: Oxford University Press, 2012."
"New York: Oxford University Press, 2012."
#. type: Content of: <book><chapter><para>
-#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:9554
+#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:10078
msgid ""
"Frischmann, Brett M., Michael J. Madison, and Katherine J. Strandburg, eds. "
"Governing Knowledge Commons. New York: Oxford University Press, 2014."
"Governing Knowledge Commons. New York: Oxford University Press, 2014."
#. type: Content of: <book><chapter><para>
-#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:9559
+#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:10083
msgid ""
"Frischmann, Brett M., Michael J. Madison, and Katherine J. Strandburg. "
"<quote>Governing Knowledge Commons.</quote> Chap. 1 in Frischmann, Madison, "
"Madison, og Strandburg, Governing Knowledge Commons."
#. type: Content of: <book><chapter><para>
-#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:9564
+#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:10088
msgid ""
"Gansky, Lisa. The Mesh: Why the Future of Business Is Sharing. Reprint with "
"new epilogue. New York: Portfolio, 2012."
"med ny epolog. New York: Portfolio, 2012."
#. type: Content of: <book><chapter><para>
-#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:9568
+#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:10092
msgid ""
"Grant, Adam. Give and Take: Why Helping Others Drives Our Success. New "
"York: Viking, 2013."
"York: Viking, 2013."
#. type: Content of: <book><chapter><para>
-#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:9572
+#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:10096
msgid ""
"Haiven, Max. Crises of Imagination, Crises of Power: Capitalism, Creativity "
"and the Commons. New York: Zed Books, 2014."
"and the Commons. New York: Zed Books, 2014."
#. type: Content of: <book><chapter><para>
-#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:9576
+#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:10100
msgid ""
"Harris, Malcom, ed. Share or Die: Voices of the Get Lost Generation in the "
"Age of Crisis. With Neal Gorenflo. Gabriola Island, BC: New Society, 2012."
"Age of Crisis. With Neal Gorenflo. Gabriola Island, BC: New Society, 2012."
#. type: Content of: <book><chapter><para>
-#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:9581
+#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:10105
msgid ""
"Hermida, Alfred. Tell Everyone: Why We Share and Why It Matters. Toronto: "
"Doubleday Canada, 2014."
"Doubleday Canada, 2014."
#. type: Content of: <book><chapter><para>
-#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:9585
+#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:10109
msgid ""
"Hyde, Lewis. Common as Air: Revolution, Art, and Ownership. New York: "
"Farrar, Straus and Giroux, 2010."
"Farrar, Straus and Giroux, 2010."
#. type: Content of: <book><chapter><para>
-#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:9589
+#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:10113
msgid ""
"———. The Gift: Creativity and the Artist in the Modern World. 2nd Vintage "
"Books edition. New York: Vintage Books, 2007."
"Books edition. New York: Vintage Books, 2007."
#. type: Content of: <book><chapter><para>
-#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:9593
+#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:10117
msgid ""
"Kelley, Tom, and David Kelley. Creative Confidence: Unleashing the Potential "
"within Us All. New York: Crown, 2013."
"within Us All. New York: Crown, 2013."
#. type: Content of: <book><chapter><para>
-#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:9597
+#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:10121
msgid ""
"Kelly, Marjorie. Owning Our Future: The Emerging Ownership Revolution; "
"Journeys to a Generative Economy. San Francisco: Berrett-Koehler, 2012."
"Journeys to a Generative Economy. San Francisco: Berrett-Koehler, 2012."
#. type: Content of: <book><chapter><para>
-#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:9602
+#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:10126
msgid ""
"Kleon, Austin. Show Your Work: 10 Ways to Share Your Creativity and Get "
"Discovered. New York: Workman, 2014."
"Discovered. New York: Workman, 2014."
#. type: Content of: <book><chapter><para>
-#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:9606
+#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:10130
msgid ""
"———. Steal Like an Artist: 10 Things Nobody Told You about Being Creative. "
"New York: Workman, 2012."
"New York: Workman, 2012."
#. type: Content of: <book><chapter><para>
-#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:9610
+#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:10134
msgid ""
"Kramer, Bryan. Shareology: How Sharing Is Powering the Human Economy. New "
"York: Morgan James, 2016."
"York: Morgan James, 2016."
#. type: Content of: <book><chapter><para>
-#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:9614
+#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:10138
msgid ""
"Lee, David. <quote>Inside Medium: An Attempt to Bring Civility to the "
"Internet.</quote> BBC News, March 3, 2016. <ulink url=\"http://www.bbc.com/"
"news/technology-35709680\"/>"
#. type: Content of: <book><chapter><para>
-#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:9619
+#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:10143
msgid ""
"Lessig, Lawrence. Remix: Making Art and Commerce Thrive in the Hybrid "
"Economy. New York: Penguin Press, 2008."
"Economy. New York: Penguin Press, 2008."
#. type: Content of: <book><chapter><para>
-#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:9623
+#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:10147
msgid ""
"Menzies, Heather. Reclaiming the Commons for the Common Good: A Memoir and "
"Manifesto. Gabriola Island, BC: New Society, 2014."
"Manifesto. Gabriola Island, BC: New Society, 2014."
#. type: Content of: <book><chapter><para>
-#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:9627
+#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:10151
msgid ""
"Mason, Paul. Postcapitalism: A Guide to Our Future. New York: Farrar, Straus "
"and Giroux, 2015."
"and Giroux, 2015."
#. type: Content of: <book><chapter><para>
-#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:9631
+#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:10155
msgid ""
"New York Times Customer Insight Group. The Psychology of Sharing: Why Do "
"People Share Online? New York: New York Times Customer Insight Group, 2011. "
"<ulink url=\"http://www.iab.net/media/file/POSWhitePaper.pdf\"/>."
#. type: Content of: <book><chapter><para>
-#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:9637
+#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:10161
msgid ""
"Osterwalder, Alex, and Yves Pigneur. Business Model Generation. Hoboken, "
"NJ: John Wiley and Sons, 2010. A preview of the book is available at <ulink "
"<ulink url=\"http://strategyzer.com/books/business-model-generation\"/>."
#. type: Content of: <book><chapter><para>
-#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:9643
+#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:10167
msgid ""
"Osterwalder, Alex, Yves Pigneur, Greg Bernarda, and Adam Smith. Value "
"Proposition Design. Hoboken, NJ: John Wiley and Sons, 2014. A preview of the "
"strategyzer.com/books/value-proposition-design\"/>."
#. type: Content of: <book><chapter><para>
-#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:9649
+#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:10173
msgid ""
"Palmer, Amanda. The Art of Asking: Or How I Learned to Stop Worrying and Let "
"People Help. New York: Grand Central, 2014."
"People Help. New York: Grand Central, 2014."
#. type: Content of: <book><chapter><para>
-#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:9653
+#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:10177
msgid ""
"Pekel, Joris. Democratising the Rijksmuseum: Why Did the Rijksmuseum Make "
"Available Their Highest Quality Material without Restrictions, and What Are "
"(lisensiert med CC BY-SA)."
#. type: Content of: <book><chapter><para>
-#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:9661
+#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:10185
msgid ""
"Ramos, José Maria, ed. The City as Commons: A Policy Reader. Melbourne, "
"Australia: Commons Transition Coalition, 2016. <ulink url=\"http://www."
"med CC BY-NC-ND)."
#. type: Content of: <book><chapter><para>
-#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:9667
+#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:10191
msgid ""
"Raymond, Eric S. The Cathedral and the Bazaar: Musings on Linux and Open "
"Source by an Accidental Revolutionary. Rev. ed. Sebastopol, CA: O’Reilly "
"url=\"http://www.catb.org/esr/writings/cathedral-bazaar/\"/>."
#. type: Content of: <book><chapter><para>
-#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:9673
+#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:10197
msgid ""
"Ries, Eric. The Lean Startup: How Today’s Entrepreneurs Use Continuous "
"Innovation to Create Radically Successful Businesses. New York: Crown "
"Business, 2011."
#. type: Content of: <book><chapter><para>
-#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:9678
+#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:10202
msgid ""
"Rifkin, Jeremy. The Zero Marginal Cost Society: The Internet of Things, the "
"Collaborative Commons, and the Eclipse of Capitalism. New York: Palgrave "
"Macmillan, 2014."
#. type: Content of: <book><chapter><para>
-#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:9683
+#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:10207
msgid ""
"Rowe, Jonathan. Our Common Wealth. San Francisco: Berrett-Koehler, 2013."
msgstr ""
"Rowe, Jonathan. Our Common Wealth. San Francisco: Berrett-Koehler, 2013."
#. type: Content of: <book><chapter><para>
-#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:9687
+#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:10211
msgid ""
"Rushkoff, Douglas. Throwing Rocks at the Google Bus: How Growth Became the "
"Enemy of Prosperity. New York: Portfolio, 2016."
"Enemy of Prosperity. New York: Portfolio, 2016."
#. type: Content of: <book><chapter><para>
-#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:9691
+#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:10215
msgid ""
"Sandel, Michael J. What Money Can’t Buy: The Moral Limits of Markets. New "
"York: Farrar, Straus and Giroux, 2012."
"York: Farrar, Straus and Giroux, 2012."
#. type: Content of: <book><chapter><para>
-#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:9695
+#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:10219
msgid ""
"Shirky, Clay. Cognitive Surplus: How Technology Makes Consumers into "
"Collaborators. London, England: Penguin Books, 2010."
"Collaborators. London, England: Penguin Books, 2010."
#. type: Content of: <book><chapter><para>
-#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:9699
+#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:10223
msgid ""
"Slee, Tom. What’s Yours Is Mine: Against the Sharing Economy. New York: OR "
"Books, 2015."
"Books, 2015."
#. type: Content of: <book><chapter><para>
-#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:9703
+#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:10227
msgid ""
"Stephany, Alex. The Business of Sharing: Making in the New Sharing Economy. "
"New York: Palgrave Macmillan, 2015."
"New York: Palgrave Macmillan, 2015."
#. type: Content of: <book><chapter><para>
-#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:9707
+#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:10231
msgid ""
"Stepper, John. Working Out Loud: For a Better Career and Life. New York: "
"Ikigai Press, 2015."
"Ikigai Press, 2015."
#. type: Content of: <book><chapter><para>
-#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:9711
+#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:10235
msgid ""
"Sull, Donald, and Kathleen M. Eisenhardt. Simple Rules: How to Thrive in a "
"Complex World. Boston: Houghton Mifflin Harcourt, 2015."
"Complex World. Boston: Houghton Mifflin Harcourt, 2015."
#. type: Content of: <book><chapter><para>
-#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:9715
+#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:10239
msgid ""
"Sundararajan, Arun. The Sharing Economy: The End of Employment and the Rise "
"of Crowd-Based Capitalism. Cambridge, MA: MIT Press, 2016."
"of Crowd-Based Capitalism. Cambridge, MA: MIT Press, 2016."
#. type: Content of: <book><chapter><para>
-#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:9719
+#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:10243
msgid "Surowiecki, James. The Wisdom of Crowds. New York: Anchor Books, 2005."
msgstr "Surowiecki, James. The Wisdom of Crowds. New York: Anchor Books, 2005."
#. type: Content of: <book><chapter><para>
-#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:9723
+#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:10247
msgid ""
"Tapscott, Don, and Alex Tapscott. Blockchain Revolution: How the Technology "
"Behind Bitcoin Is Changing Money, Business, and the World. Toronto: "
"Portfolio, 2016."
#. type: Content of: <book><chapter><para>
-#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:9728
+#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:10252
msgid ""
"Tharp, Twyla. The Creative Habit: Learn It and Use It for Life. With Mark "
"Reiter. New York: Simon and Schuster, 2006."
"Reiter. New York: Simon and Schuster, 2006."
#. type: Content of: <book><chapter><para>
-#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:9732
+#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:10256
msgid ""
"Tkacz, Nathaniel. Wikipedia and the Politics of Openness. Chicago: "
"University of Chicago Press, 2015."
"University of Chicago Press, 2015."
#. type: Content of: <book><chapter><para>
-#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:9736
+#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:10260
msgid ""
"Van Abel, Bass, Lucas Evers, Roel Klaassen, and Peter Troxler, eds. Open "
"Design Now: Why Design Cannot Remain Exclusive. Amsterdam: BIS Publishers, "
"opendesignnow.org\"/> (lisensiert med CC BY-NC-SA)."
#. type: Content of: <book><chapter><para>
-#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:9744
+#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:10268
msgid ""
"Van den Hoff, Ronald. Mastering the Global Transition on Our Way to Society "
"3.0. Utrecht, the Netherlands: Society 3.0 Foundation, 2014. <ulink url="
"\"http://society30.com/get-the-book/\"/> (lisensiert med CC BY-NC-ND)."
#. type: Content of: <book><chapter><para>
-#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:9750
+#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:10274
msgid ""
"Von Hippel, Eric. Democratizing Innovation. London: MIT Press, 2005. <ulink "
"url=\"http://web.mit.edu/evhippel/www/democ1.htm\"/> (licensed under CC BY-"
"NC-ND)."
#. type: Content of: <book><chapter><para>
-#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:9755
+#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:10279
msgid ""
"Whitehurst, Jim. The Open Organization: Igniting Passion and Performance. "
"Boston: Harvard Business Review Press, 2015."
"Boston: Harvard Business Review Press, 2015."
#. type: Content of: <book><chapter><title>
-#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:9760
+#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:10284
msgid "Acknowledgments"
msgstr "Takk til"
#. type: Content of: <book><chapter><para>
-#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:9762
+#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:10286
msgid ""
"We extend special thanks to Creative Commons CEO Ryan Merkley, the Creative "
"Commons Board, and all of our Creative Commons colleagues for "
"for startstøtten som fikk oss i gang med prosjektet."
#. type: Content of: <book><chapter><para>
-#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:9769
+#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:10293
msgid ""
"Huge appreciation to all the Made with Creative Commons interviewees for "
"sharing their stories with us. You make the commons come alive. Thanks for "
"inspirasjonen."
#. type: Content of: <book><chapter><para>
-#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:9774
+#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:10298
msgid ""
"We interviewed more than the twenty-four organizations profiled in this "
"book. We extend special thanks to Gooru, OERu, Sage Bionetworks, and Medium "
"det de har gjort."
#. type: Content of: <book><chapter><para>
-#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:9782
+#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:10306
msgid ""
"This book was made possible by the generous support of 1,687 Kickstarter "
"backers listed below. We especially acknowledge our many Kickstarter co-"
"uvurderlige tilbakemeldinger. Ektefølt takk til dere alle."
#. type: Content of: <book><chapter><para>
-#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:9788
+#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:10312
msgid ""
"Co-editor Kickstarter backers (alphabetically by first name): Abraham "
"Taherivand, Alan Graham, Alfredo Louro, Anatoly Volynets, Aurora Thornton, "
"Yancey Strickler."
#. type: Content of: <book><chapter><para>
-#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:9839
+#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:10363
msgid ""
"All other Kickstarter backers (alphabetically by first name): A. Lee, Aaron "
"C. Rathbun, Aaron Stubbs, Aaron Suggs, Abdul Razak Manaf, Abraham "
"Deruisseau, Zach Chandler, Zak Zebrowski, Zane Amiralis and Joshua de Haan "
"og ZeMarmot Open Movie."
+#~ msgid ""
+#~ "<quote>I don’t know a whole lot about nonfiction journalism. . . The way "
+#~ "that I think about these things, and in terms of what I can do is. . . "
+#~ "essays like this are occasions to watch somebody reasonably bright but "
+#~ "also reasonably average pay far closer attention and think at far more "
+#~ "length about all sorts of different stuff than most of us have a chance "
+#~ "to in our daily lives.</quote>"
+#~ msgstr ""
+#~ "<quote>Jeg vet ikke mye om hvordan skrive faglitteratur. Slik jeg "
+#~ "forholder meg til ting jeg vil gjøre noe med fører til essayer som dette, "
+#~ "et innspill der rimelig smarte mennesker får anledning til å følge bedre "
+#~ "med og grave dypere i de mange ulike temaer som omgir oss, og bli kjent "
+#~ "med langt fler emner enn de fleste av oss har sjansen til i våre daglige "
+#~ "liv. </quote>"
+
#~ msgid ""
#~ " <city>Mexico City</city>\n"
#~ " "
msgid ""
msgstr ""
"Project-Id-Version: Made with Creative Commons\n"
-"POT-Creation-Date: 2018-09-18 06:11+0000\n"
+"POT-Creation-Date: 2018-12-10 23:30+0000\n"
"PO-Revision-Date: 2018-02-04 21:35+0000\n"
"Last-Translator: Nathan Follens <nathan@email.is>\n"
"Language-Team: Dutch <https://hosted.weblate.org/projects/madewithcc/"
#. type: Content of: <book><colophon><para>
#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:5
-#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:41
+#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:35
msgid "Made with Creative Commons"
msgstr "Gemaakt met Creative Commons"
msgstr ""
#. type: Content of: <book><bookinfo><copyright>
-#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:17
+#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:16
msgid "<year>2017</year> <holder>Creative Commons</holder>"
msgstr ""
#. type: Content of: <book><bookinfo><publisher>
-#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:21
+#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:19
msgid "<publishername>Gunnar Wolf</publishername>"
msgstr ""
#. type: Content of: <book><bookinfo><publisher><address><city>
-#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:23
+#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:20
msgid "Mexico City"
msgstr ""
#. type: Content of: <book><colophon><para>
-#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:28
-#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:56
+#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:22
+#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:60
#, fuzzy
#| msgid ""
#| "This book is published under a CC BY-SA license, which means that you can "
"Licentiedetails: creativecommons.org/licenses/by-sa/4.0/"
#. type: Content of: <book><colophon><para>
-#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:42
+#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:37
#, fuzzy
#| msgid "by Paul Stacey & Sarah Hinchliff Pearson"
msgid "by Paul Stacey & Sarah Hinchliff Pearson"
msgstr "door Paul Stacey & Sarah Hinchliff Pearson"
#. type: Content of: <book><colophon><para>
-#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:43
+#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:39
#, fuzzy
#| msgid "© 2017, by Creative Commons."
msgid "© 2017 by the Creative Commons Foundation."
msgstr "© 2017, door Creative Commons."
#. type: Content of: <book><colophon><para>
-#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:44
+#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:41
msgid ""
"Published under a Creative Commons Attribution-ShareAlike license (CC BY-"
"SA), version 4.0."
"BY-SA), versie 4.0."
#. type: Content of: <book><colophon><para>
-#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:46
+#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:44
msgid ""
"ISBN: YET-TO-BE-DECIDED (PDF), YET-TO-BE-DECIDED (ePub), YET-TO-BE-DECIDED "
"(Paperback)"
msgstr ""
#. type: Content of: <book><colophon><para>
-#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:48
+#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:47
#, fuzzy
#| msgid "Illustrations by Bryan Mathers, bryanmathers.com"
msgid ""
#. space for information about translators
#. type: Content of: <book><colophon><para>
-#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:52
+#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:54
msgid " "
msgstr ""
#. type: Content of: <book><colophon><para>
-#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:54
+#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:57
#, fuzzy
#| msgid "Downloadable e-book available at madewith.cc"
msgid "Downloadable e-book available at <ulink url=\"https://madewith.cc/\"/>."
msgstr "E-boek beschikbaar voor downloaden op madewith.cc"
#. type: Content of: <book><colophon><para>
-#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:63
+#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:68
msgid ""
"Made With Creative Commons is published with the kind support of Creative "
"Commons and backers of our crowdfunding-campaign on the Kickstarter.com "
"onze crowdfunding-campagne op Kickstarter.com."
#. type: Content of: <book><colophon><para>
-#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:66
+#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:72
msgid ""
"This edition of the book is maintained on <ulink url=\"https://gitlab.com/"
"gunnarwolf/madewithcc-es/\"/>, and the translations are maintained on <ulink "
msgstr ""
#. type: Content of: <book><colophon><para>
-#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:72
+#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:79
msgid "Classifications:"
msgstr ""
#. type: Content of: <book><colophon><para>
-#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:75
+#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:83
msgid "(Dewey) 346.048, 347.78"
msgstr ""
#. type: Content of: <book><colophon><para>
-#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:78
+#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:87
msgid "(UDK) ?"
msgstr ""
#. type: Content of: <book><colophon><para>
-#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:81
+#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:91
msgid "(US Library of Congress) Z286 O63 S73 2017"
msgstr ""
#. type: Content of: <book><colophon><para>
-#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:84
+#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:95
msgid "(Melvil) 025.523"
msgstr ""
#. type: Content of: <book><colophon><para>
-#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:87
+#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:99
msgid "(ACM CRCS) ?"
msgstr ""
-#. type: Content of: <book><dedication><blockquote><para>
-#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:94
-#, fuzzy
-msgid ""
-"<quote>I don’t know a whole lot about nonfiction journalism. . . The way "
-"that I think about these things, and in terms of what I can do is. . . "
-"essays like this are occasions to watch somebody reasonably bright but also "
-"reasonably average pay far closer attention and think at far more length "
-"about all sorts of different stuff than most of us have a chance to in our "
-"daily lives.</quote>"
-msgstr ""
-"<span id=\"anchor-4\"></span>\"Ik weet niet veel van niet-fictieve "
-"journalistiek. . . De manier waarop ik aan dit soort dingen denk en wat ik "
-"ermee kan doen is. . . essays zoals deze zijn momenten waarop je een helder "
-"en redelijk gemiddeld iemand meer aandacht ziet tonen en dieper ziet denken "
-"over allerlei soorten dingen dan de meesten van ons in ons dagelijks leven.\""
-
-#. type: Content of: <book><dedication><blockquote><para>
-#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:103
+#. type: Content of: <book><colophon><blockquote><para>
+#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:129
#, fuzzy
#| msgid "- David Foster Wallace"
msgid "— <emphasis>David Foster Wallace</emphasis>"
msgstr "- David Foster Wallace"
#. type: Content of: <book><preface><title>
-#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:108
+#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:134
#, fuzzy
#| msgid "## Foreword"
msgid "Foreword"
msgstr "## Voorwoord"
#. type: Content of: <book><preface><para>
-#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:110
+#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:136
#, fuzzy
#| msgid ""
#| "Three years ago, just after I was hired as CEO of Creative Commons, I met "
"zakelijke werkwijzen d.m.v. CC \"een rode haring.\""
#. type: Content of: <book><preface><para>
-#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:119
+#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:145
#, fuzzy
#| msgid ""
#| "He was, in a way, completely correct—those who make things with Creative "
"einde zelf.\""
#. type: Content of: <book><preface><para>
-#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:127
+#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:153
#, fuzzy
#| msgid ""
#| "In the case study about Cory Doctorow, Sarah Hinchliff Pearson cites "
"hoogstwaarschijnlijk niet. Ook al wilt iemand altijd de loterij.\""
#. type: Content of: <book><preface><para>
-#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:135
+#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:161
#, fuzzy
#| msgid ""
#| "Today, copyright is like a lottery ticket—everyone has one, and almost "
"vruchten oogsten van het volgen van hun passies."
#. type: Content of: <book><preface><para>
-#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:144
+#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:170
msgid ""
"So it’s not about the money. Also: it is. Finding the means to continue to "
"create and share often requires some amount of income. Max Temkin of Cards "
msgstr ""
#. type: Content of: <book><preface><para>
-#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:151
+#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:177
msgid ""
"Creative Commons’ focus is on building a vibrant, usable commons, powered by "
"collaboration and gratitude. Enabling communities of collaboration is at the "
msgstr ""
#. type: Content of: <book><preface><para>
-#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:160
+#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:186
msgid ""
"Paul dreams of a future where new models of creativity and innovation "
"overpower the inequality and scarcity that today define the worst parts of "
msgstr ""
#. type: Content of: <book><preface><para>
-#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:169
+#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:195
msgid ""
"Sarah is the best kind of lawyer—a true advocate who believes in the good of "
"people, and the power of collective acts to change the world. Over the past "
msgstr ""
#. type: Content of: <book><preface><para>
-#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:181
+#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:207
msgid ""
"As coauthors, Paul and Sarah complement each other perfectly. They "
"researched, analyzed, argued, and worked as a team, sometimes together and "
msgstr ""
#. type: Content of: <book><preface><para>
-#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:192
+#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:218
msgid ""
"From the beginning, CC wanted to develop this project with the principles "
"and values of open collaboration. The book was funded, developed, "
msgstr ""
#. type: Content of: <book><preface><para>
-#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:200
+#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:226
msgid ""
"For 31 days in August of 2015, Sarah took point to organize and execute a "
"Kickstarter campaign to generate the core funding for the book. The "
msgstr ""
#. type: Content of: <book><preface><para>
-#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:209
+#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:235
msgid ""
"Paul and Sarah worked openly throughout the project, publishing the plans, "
"drafts, case studies, and analysis, early and often, and they engaged "
msgstr ""
#. type: Content of: <book><preface><para>
-#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:219
+#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:245
msgid ""
"Those who work and share in the commons are not typical creators. They are "
"part of something greater than themselves, and what they offer us all is a "
msgstr ""
#. type: Content of: <book><preface><para>
-#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:225
+#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:251
msgid ""
"Jonathan Mann, who is profiled in this book, writes a song a day. When I "
"reached out to ask him to write a song for our Kickstarter (and to offer "
msgstr ""
#. type: Content of: <book><preface><para>
-#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:234
+#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:260
msgid ""
"Sarah writes, <quote>Endeavors that are Made with Creative Commons thrive "
"when community is built around what they do. This may mean a community "
msgstr ""
#. type: Content of: <book><preface><para>
-#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:248
+#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:274
msgid ""
"This is not a typical business book. For those looking for a recipe or a "
"roadmap, you might be disappointed. But for those looking to pursue a social "
msgstr ""
#. type: Content of: <book><preface><para>
-#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:258
+#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:284
msgid ""
"In a 1996 Stanford Law Review article <quote>The Zones of Cyberspace</"
"quote>, CC founder Lawrence Lessig wrote, <quote>Cyberspace is a place. "
msgstr ""
#. type: Content of: <book><preface><para>
-#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:268
+#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:294
msgid ""
"I’m incredibly proud that Creative Commons is able to publish this book for "
"the many communities that we have come to know and like. I’m grateful to "
msgstr ""
#. type: Content of: <book><preface><para>
-#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:276
+#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:302
msgid "That’s the true value of things that are Made with Creative Commons."
msgstr ""
#. type: Content of: <book><preface><para>
-#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:279
+#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:305
msgid "<emphasis>Ryan Merkley</emphasis>"
msgstr ""
#. type: Content of: <book><preface><para>
-#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:282
+#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:308
#, fuzzy
#| msgid "*CEO, Creative Commons*\n"
msgid "<emphasis>CEO, Creative Commons</emphasis>"
msgstr "*CEO, Creative Commons*\n"
#. type: Content of: <book><preface><title>
-#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:286
+#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:312
#, fuzzy
#| msgid "## Introduction"
msgid "Introduction"
msgstr "## Inleiding"
#. type: Content of: <book><preface><para>
-#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:288
+#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:314
msgid ""
"This book shows the world how sharing can be good for business—but with a "
"twist."
msgstr ""
#. type: Content of: <book><preface><para>
-#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:292
+#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:318
msgid ""
"We began the project intending to explore how creators, organizations, and "
"businesses make money to sustain what they do when they share their work "
msgstr ""
#. type: Content of: <book><preface><para>
-#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:304
+#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:330
msgid ""
"Through the generous funding of Kickstarter backers, we set about this "
"project first by identifying and selecting a diverse group of creators, "
msgstr ""
#. type: Content of: <book><preface><para>
-#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:312
+#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:338
msgid ""
"But as we did our research, something interesting happened. Our initial way "
"of framing the work did not match the stories we were hearing."
msgstr ""
#. type: Content of: <book><preface><para>
-#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:317
+#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:343
msgid ""
"Those we interviewed were not typical businesses selling to consumers and "
"seeking to maximize profits and the bottom line. Instead, they were sharing "
msgstr ""
#. type: Content of: <book><preface><para>
-#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:325
+#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:351
msgid ""
"They often didn’t like hearing what they do described as an open business "
"model. Their endeavor was something more than that. Something different. "
msgstr ""
#. type: Content of: <book><preface><para>
-#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:333
+#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:359
msgid ""
"We had to rethink the way we conceived of this project. And it didn’t happen "
"overnight. From the fall of 2015 through 2016, we documented our thoughts in "
msgstr ""
#. type: Content of: <book><preface><para>
-#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:342
+#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:368
msgid ""
"Throughout the process, the two of us have often had very different ways of "
"understanding and describing what we were learning. Learning from each other "
msgstr ""
#. type: Content of: <book><preface><para>
-#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:352
+#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:378
msgid ""
"While we recommend that you read the book from start to finish, each section "
"reads more or less independently. The book is structured into two main parts."
msgstr ""
#. type: Content of: <book><preface><para>
-#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:357
+#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:383
msgid ""
"Part one, the overview, begins with a big-picture framework written by Paul. "
"He provides some historical context for the digital commons, describing the "
msgstr ""
#. type: Content of: <book><preface><para>
-#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:365
+#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:391
msgid ""
"The overview continues with Sarah’s chapter, as she considers what it means "
"to be successfully Made with Creative Commons. While making money is one "
msgstr ""
#. type: Content of: <book><preface><para>
-#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:375
+#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:401
msgid ""
"And to end part one, we have a short section that explains the different "
"Creative Commons licenses. We talk about the misconception that the more "
msgstr ""
#. type: Content of: <book><preface><para>
-#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:382
+#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:408
msgid ""
"Part two of the book is made up of the twenty-four stories of the creators, "
"businesses, and organizations we interviewed. While both of us participated "
msgstr ""
#. type: Content of: <book><preface><para>
-#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:388
+#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:414
msgid ""
"Of course, we are pleased to make the book available using a Creative "
"Commons Attribution-ShareAlike license. Please copy, distribute, translate, "
msgstr ""
#. type: Content of: <book><preface><para>
-#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:393
+#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:419
msgid ""
"Writing this book has transformed and inspired us. The way we now look at "
"and think about what it means to be Made with Creative Commons has "
msgstr ""
#. type: Content of: <book><preface><para>
-#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:400
+#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:426
msgid "<emphasis>Paul and Sarah </emphasis>"
msgstr ""
#. type: Content of: <book><part><title>
-#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:404
+#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:430
msgid "The Big Picture"
msgstr ""
#. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><title>
-#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:406
+#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:432
msgid "The New World of Digital Commons"
msgstr ""
#. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para>
-#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:408
+#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:434
msgid "Paul Stacey"
msgstr ""
#. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para><footnote><para>
-#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:418
+#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:445
msgid ""
"Jonathan Rowe, Our Common Wealth (San Francisco: Berrett-Koehler, 2013), 14."
msgstr ""
#. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para>
-#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:411
+#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:437
msgid ""
"Jonathan Rowe eloquently describes the commons as <quote>the air and oceans, "
"the web of species, wilderness and flowing water—all are parts of the "
msgstr ""
#. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para>
-#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:423
+#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:451
msgid ""
"In Made with Creative Commons, we focus on our current era of digital "
"commons, a commons of human-produced works. This commons cuts across a broad "
msgstr ""
#. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para><footnote><para>
-#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:438
+#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:467
msgid ""
"David Bollier, Think Like a Commoner: A Short Introduction to the Life of "
"the Commons (Gabriola Island, BC: New Society, 2014), 176."
msgstr ""
#. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para><footnote><para>
-#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:446
+#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:477
msgid "Ibid., 15."
msgstr ""
#. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para>
-#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:434
+#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:462
msgid ""
"The commons is not just about shared resources, however. It’s also about the "
"social practices and values that manage them. A resource is a noun, but to "
msgstr ""
#. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><sect1><title>
-#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:453
+#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:485
msgid "The Commons, the Market, and the State"
msgstr ""
#. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><sect1><para><footnote><para>
-#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:459
+#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:492
msgid "Ibid., 145."
msgstr ""
#. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><sect1><para>
-#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:455
+#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:487
msgid ""
"Historically, there have been three ways to manage resources and share "
"wealth: the commons (managed collectively), the state (i.e., the "
msgstr ""
#. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><sect1><para><footnote><para>
-#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:468
+#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:503
msgid "Ibid., 175."
msgstr ""
#. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><sect1><para>
-#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:463
+#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:497
msgid ""
"The organizations and businesses in our case studies are unique in the way "
"they participate in the commons while still engaging with the market and/or "
msgstr ""
#. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><sect1><para>
-#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:475
+#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:511
msgid ""
"Fig. 1. is a depiction of how an enterprise can have varying levels of "
"engagement with commons, state, and market."
msgstr ""
#. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><sect1><para>
-#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:479
+#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:515
msgid ""
"Some of our case studies are simply commons and market enterprises with "
"little or no engagement with the state. A depiction of those case studies "
msgstr ""
#. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><sect1><para>
-#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:490
+#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:526
msgid ""
"All our case studies generate money as a means of livelihood and "
"sustainability. Money is primarily of the market. Finding ways to generate "
msgstr ""
#. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><sect1><para>
-#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:499
+#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:535
msgid ""
"The state has an important role to play in fostering the use and adoption of "
"the commons. State programs and funding can deliberately contribute to and "
msgstr ""
#. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><sect1><figure><mediaobject><textobject><phrase>
-#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:506
-#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:513
+#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:542
+#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:548
msgid "Enterprise engagement with commons, state and market."
msgstr ""
#. type: Attribute 'fileref' of: <book><part><chapter><sect1><figure><mediaobject><imageobject><imagedata>
-#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:510
+#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:546
msgid "Pictures/10000201000008000000045C30360249076453E6.png"
msgstr ""
#. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><sect1><figure>
-#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:508
-#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:557
-#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:675
-#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:804
-#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:846
-#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:934
+#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:544
+#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:593
+#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:711
+#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:844
+#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:888
+#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:978
msgid "<placeholder type=\"mediaobject\" id=\"0\"/>"
msgstr ""
#. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><sect1><para>
-#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:519
+#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:553
msgid ""
"It’s helpful to understand how the commons, market, and state manage "
"resources differently, and not just for those who consider themselves "
msgstr ""
#. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><sect1><title>
-#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:530
+#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:564
msgid "The Four Aspects of a Resource"
msgstr ""
#. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><sect1><para><footnote><para>
-#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:535
+#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:570
msgid ""
"Daniel H. Cole, <quote>Learning from Lin: Lessons and Cautions from the "
"Natural Commons for the Knowledge Commons,</quote> in Governing Knowledge "
msgstr ""
#. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><sect1><para>
-#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:532
+#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:566
msgid ""
"As part of her Nobel Prize–winning work, Elinor Ostrom developed a framework "
"for analyzing how natural resources are managed in a commons.<placeholder "
msgstr ""
#. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><sect1><para>
-#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:548
+#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:584
msgid ""
"To compare and contrast the ways in which the commons, market, and state "
"work, let’s consider four aspects of resource management: resource "
msgstr ""
#. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><sect1><figure><mediaobject><textobject><phrase>
-#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:556
-#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:562
+#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:592
+#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:597
msgid "Four aspects of resource management"
msgstr ""
#. type: Attribute 'fileref' of: <book><part><chapter><sect1><figure><mediaobject><imageobject><imagedata>
-#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:559
+#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:595
msgid "Pictures/10000201000007D0000007D0ACF13F8B71EAF0B9.png"
msgstr ""
#. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><sect1><sect2><title>
-#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:568
+#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:602
msgid "Characteristics"
msgstr ""
#. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><sect1><sect2><para>
-#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:570
+#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:604
msgid ""
"Resources have particular characteristics or attributes that affect the way "
"they can be used. Some resources are natural; others are human produced. And—"
msgstr ""
#. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><sect1><sect2><para>
-#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:577
+#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:611
msgid ""
"Physical resources exist in limited supply. If I have a physical resource "
"and give it to you, I no longer have it. When a resource is removed and "
msgstr ""
#. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><sect1><sect2><para>
-#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:588
+#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:622
msgid ""
"Physical resources are depletable, exclusive, and rivalrous. Digital "
"resources, on the other hand, are nondepletable, nonexclusive, and "
msgstr ""
#. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><sect1><sect2><para>
-#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:598
+#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:632
msgid ""
"The nondepletable, nonexclusive, and nonrivalrous nature of digital "
"resources means the rules and norms for managing them can (and ought to) be "
msgstr ""
#. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><sect1><sect2><para>
-#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:606
+#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:640
msgid ""
"Our case studies frequently manage hybrid resources, which start out as "
"digital with the possibility of being made into a physical resource. The "
msgstr ""
#. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><sect1><sect2><para>
-#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:617
+#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:651
msgid ""
"Beyond this idea of physical versus digital, the commons, market, and state "
"conceive of resources differently (see Fig. 3). The market sees resources "
msgstr ""
#. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><sect1><sect2><title>
-#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:628
+#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:662
msgid "People and processes"
msgstr ""
#. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><sect1><sect2><para>
-#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:630
+#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:664
msgid ""
"In the commons, the market, and the state, different people and processes "
"are used to manage resources. The processes used define both who has a say "
msgstr ""
#. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><sect1><sect2><para>
-#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:635
+#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:669
msgid ""
"In the state, a government of elected officials is responsible for managing "
"resources on behalf of the public. The citizens who produce and use those "
msgstr ""
#. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><sect1><sect2><para>
-#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:644
+#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:678
msgid ""
"In the market, the people involved are producers, buyers, sellers, and "
"consumers. Businesses act as intermediaries between those who produce "
msgstr ""
#. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><sect1><sect2><para><footnote><para>
-#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:655
+#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:690
msgid ""
"Max Haiven, Crises of Imagination, Crises of Power: Capitalism, Creativity "
"and the Commons (New York: Zed Books, 2014), 93."
msgstr ""
#. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><sect1><sect2><para>
-#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:653
+#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:687
msgid ""
"In contrast to the state and market, resources in a commons are managed more "
"directly by the people involved.<placeholder type=\"footnote\" id=\"0\"/> "
msgstr ""
#. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><sect1><sect2><figure><mediaobject><textobject><phrase>
-#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:673
-#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:680
+#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:709
+#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:715
msgid "How the market, commons and state concieve of resources."
msgstr ""
#. type: Attribute 'fileref' of: <book><part><chapter><sect1><sect2><figure><mediaobject><imageobject><imagedata>
-#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:677
+#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:713
msgid "Pictures/10000201000009C40000065D9EC4F530BD4DFBE0.png"
msgstr ""
#. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><sect1><sect2><title>
-#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:687
+#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:721
msgid "Norms and rules"
msgstr ""
#. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><sect1><sect2><para>
-#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:689
+#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:723
msgid ""
"The social interactions between people, and the processes used by the state, "
"market, and commons, evolve social norms and rules. These norms and rules "
msgstr ""
#. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><sect1><sect2><para>
-#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:695
+#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:729
msgid ""
"State authority is governed by national constitutions. Norms related to "
"priorities and decision making are defined by elected officials and "
msgstr ""
#. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><sect1><sect2><para>
-#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:703
+#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:737
msgid ""
"Market norms are influenced by economics and competition for scarce "
"resources. Market rules follow property, business, and financial laws "
msgstr ""
#. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><sect1><sect2><para><footnote><para>
-#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:715
+#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:750
msgid "Bollier, Think Like a Commoner, 175."
msgstr ""
#. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><sect1><sect2><para>
-#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:708
+#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:742
msgid ""
"As with the market, a commons can be influenced by state policies, "
"regulations, and laws. But the norms and rules of a commons are largely "
msgstr ""
#. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><sect1><sect2><title>
-#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:720
+#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:756
msgid "Goals"
msgstr ""
#. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><sect1><sect2><para>
-#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:722
+#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:758
msgid ""
"The combination of the aspects we’ve discussed so far—the resource’s "
"inherent characteristics, people and processes, and norms and rules—shape "
msgstr ""
#. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><sect1><sect2><para><footnote><para>
-#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:734
+#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:771
msgid ""
"Joshua Farley and Ida Kubiszewski, <quote>The Economics of Information in a "
"Post-Carbon Economy,</quote> in Free Knowledge: Confronting the "
msgstr ""
#. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><sect1><sect2><para>
-#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:729
+#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:765
msgid ""
"In the market, the focus is on maximizing the utility of a resource. What we "
"pay for the goods we consume is seen as an objective measure of the utility "
msgstr ""
#. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><sect1><sect2><para>
-#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:744
+#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:782
msgid ""
"The state aims to use and manage resources in a way that balances the "
"economy with the social and cultural needs of its citizens. Health care, "
msgstr ""
#. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><sect1><sect2><para>
-#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:753
+#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:791
msgid ""
"In the commons, the goal is maximizing access, equity, distribution, "
"participation, innovation, and sustainability. You can measure success by "
msgstr ""
#. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><sect1><sect2><para>
-#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:762
+#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:800
msgid ""
"As hybrid combinations of the commons with the market or state, the success "
"and sustainability of all our case study enterprises depends on their "
msgstr ""
#. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><sect1><title>
-#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:770
+#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:808
#, fuzzy
msgid "A Short History of the Commons"
msgstr "### Gemaakt met Creative Commons"
#. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><sect1><para>
-#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:772
+#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:810
msgid ""
"Using the commons to manage resources is part of a long historical "
"continuum. However, in contemporary society, the market and the state "
msgstr ""
#. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><sect1><para>
-#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:781
+#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:819
msgid ""
"But the more than 1.1 billion resources licensed with Creative Commons "
"around the world are indications of a grassroots move toward the commons. "
msgstr ""
#. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><sect1><para><footnote><para>
-#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:792
+#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:831
msgid ""
"Rowe, Our Common Wealth, 19; and Heather Menzies, Reclaiming the Commons for "
"the Common Good: A Memoir and Manifesto (Gabriola Island, BC: New Society, "
msgstr ""
#. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><sect1><para>
-#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:788
+#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:826
msgid ""
"For centuries, indigenous people and preindustrialized societies managed "
"resources, including water, food, firewood, irrigation, fish, wild game, and "
msgstr ""
#. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><sect1><figure><mediaobject><textobject><phrase>
-#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:803
-#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:809
+#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:843
+#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:848
msgid "In preindustrialized society."
msgstr ""
#. type: Attribute 'fileref' of: <book><part><chapter><sect1><figure><mediaobject><imageobject><imagedata>
-#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:806
+#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:846
msgid "Pictures/10000201000009C4000005153EACBD62F00F6BA9.png"
msgstr ""
#. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><sect1><para><footnote><para>
-#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:818
+#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:857
msgid "Bollier, Think Like a Commoner, 55–78."
msgstr ""
#. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><sect1><para><footnote><para>
-#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:822
+#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:863
msgid ""
"Fritjof Capra and Ugo Mattei, The Ecology of Law: Toward a Legal System in "
"Tune with Nature and Community (Oakland, CA: Berrett-Koehler, 2015), 46–57; "
msgstr ""
#. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><sect1><para>
-#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:815
+#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:853
msgid ""
"This is followed by a long history of the state (a monarchy or ruler) taking "
"over the commons for their own purposes. This is called enclosure of the "
msgstr ""
#. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><sect1><para>
-#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:831
+#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:873
msgid ""
"Holdings of land, water, and game were distributed to ruling family and "
"political appointees. Commoners displaced from the land migrated to cities. "
msgstr ""
#. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><sect1><figure><mediaobject><textobject><phrase>
-#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:845
-#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:851
+#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:887
+#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:892
msgid "The commons is gradually superseded by the state."
msgstr ""
#. type: Attribute 'fileref' of: <book><part><chapter><sect1><figure><mediaobject><imageobject><imagedata>
-#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:848
+#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:890
msgid "Pictures/10000201000009C4000005150F069409C1CC12F0.png"
msgstr ""
#. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><sect1><para>
-#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:857
+#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:897
msgid ""
"However, the world today is going through turbulent times. The benefits of "
"the market have been offset by unequal distribution and overexploitation."
msgstr ""
#. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><sect1><para>
-#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:862
+#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:902
msgid ""
"Overexploitation was the topic of Garrett Hardin’s influential essay "
"<quote>The Tragedy of the Commons,</quote> published in Science in 1968. "
msgstr ""
#. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><sect1><para><footnote><para>
-#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:890
+#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:931
msgid ""
"Brett M. Frischmann, Michael J. Madison, and Katherine J. Strandburg, "
"<quote>Governing Knowledge Commons,</quote> in Frischmann, Madison, and "
msgstr ""
#. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><sect1><para>
-#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:873
+#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:913
msgid ""
"However, there is one serious flaw with Hardin’s <quote>The Tragedy of the "
"Commons</quote>—it’s fiction. Hardin did not actually study how real commons "
msgstr ""
#. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><sect1><para>
-#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:897
+#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:939
msgid ""
"Hardin failed to consider the actual social dynamic of the commons. His "
"model assumed that people in the commons act autonomously, out of pure self-"
msgstr ""
#. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><sect1><para><footnote><para>
-#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:913
+#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:956
msgid ""
"Farley and Kubiszewski, <quote>Economics of Information,</quote> in Elliott "
"and Hepting, Free Knowledge, 203."
msgstr ""
#. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><sect1><para>
-#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:909
+#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:951
msgid ""
"Hardin’s story is based on the premise of depletable resources. Economists "
"have focused almost exclusively on scarcity-based markets. Very little is "
msgstr ""
#. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><sect1><para>
-#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:925
+#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:969
msgid ""
"When it comes to use of state funds to create digital goods, however, there "
"is really no justification for artificial scarcity. The norm for state "
msgstr ""
#. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><sect1><figure><mediaobject><textobject><phrase>
-#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:932
-#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:939
+#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:976
+#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:982
msgid "How the market, the state and the commons look today."
msgstr ""
#. type: Attribute 'fileref' of: <book><part><chapter><sect1><figure><mediaobject><imageobject><imagedata>
-#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:936
+#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:980
msgid "Pictures/10000201000009C400000515F1CAA15B223F6BAF.png"
msgstr ""
#. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><sect1><title>
-#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:946
+#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:988
msgid "The Digital Revolution"
msgstr ""
#. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><sect1><para>
-#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:948
+#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:990
msgid ""
"In the early days of computing, programmers and developers learned from each "
"other by sharing software. In the 1980s, the free-software movement codified "
msgstr ""
#. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><sect1><itemizedlist><listitem><para>
-#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:956
+#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:998
msgid "The freedom to run a software program as you wish, for any purpose."
msgstr ""
#. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><sect1><itemizedlist><listitem><para>
-#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:962
+#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:1004
msgid ""
"The freedom to study how a software program works (because access to the "
"source code has been freely given), and change it so it does your computing "
msgstr ""
#. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><sect1><itemizedlist><listitem><para>
-#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:969
+#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:1011
msgid "The freedom to redistribute copies."
msgstr ""
#. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><sect1><itemizedlist><listitem><para><footnote><para>
-#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:975
+#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:1019
msgid ""
"<quote>What Is Free Software?</quote> GNU Operating System, the Free "
"Software Foundation’s Licensing and Compliance Lab, accessed December 30, "
msgstr ""
#. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><sect1><itemizedlist><listitem><para>
-#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:974
+#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:1016
msgid ""
"The freedom to distribute copies of your modified versions to others."
"<placeholder type=\"footnote\" id=\"0\"/>"
msgstr ""
#. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><sect1><para>
-#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:984
+#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:1029
msgid ""
"These principles and freedoms constitute a set of norms and rules that "
"typify a digital commons."
msgstr ""
#. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><sect1><para><footnote><para>
-#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:999
+#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:1045
msgid ""
"Wikipedia, s.v. <quote>Open-source software,</quote> last modified November "
"22, 2016."
msgstr ""
#. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><sect1><para>
-#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:988
+#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:1033
msgid ""
"In the late 1990s, to make the sharing of source code and collaboration more "
"appealing to companies, the open-source-software initiative converted these "
msgstr ""
#. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><sect1><para><footnote><para>
-#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:1014
+#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:1062
msgid ""
"Eric S. Raymond, <quote>The Magic Cauldron,</quote> in The Cathedral and the "
"Bazaar: Musings on Linux and Open Source by an Accidental Revolutionary, "
msgstr ""
#. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><sect1><para>
-#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:1006
+#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:1053
msgid ""
"While open-source software functions as a commons, many businesses and "
"markets did build up around it. Business models based on the licenses and "
msgstr ""
#. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><sect1><para>
-#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:1023
+#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:1072
msgid ""
"It isn’t just about an abundant availability of digital assets but also "
"about abundance of participation. The growth of personal computing, "
msgstr ""
#. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><sect1><para><footnote><para>
-#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:1042
+#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:1092
msgid ""
"New York Times Customer Insight Group, The Psychology of Sharing: Why Do "
"People Share Online? (New York: New York Times Customer Insight Group, "
msgstr ""
#. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><sect1><para>
-#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:1036
+#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:1085
msgid ""
"But people like to share. One of the ways we define ourselves is by sharing "
"valuable and entertaining content. Doing so grows and nourishes "
msgstr ""
#. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><sect1><title>
-#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:1050
+#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:1101
#, fuzzy
msgid "The Birth of Creative Commons"
msgstr "### Gemaakt met Creative Commons"
#. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><sect1><para>
-#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:1052
+#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:1103
msgid ""
"In 2001, Creative Commons was created as a nonprofit to support all those "
"who wanted to share digital content. A suite of Creative Commons licenses "
msgstr ""
#. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><sect1><para><footnote><para>
-#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:1072
+#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:1125
msgid ""
"<quote>Licensing Considerations,</quote> Creative Commons, accessed December "
"30, 2016, <ulink url=\"http://creativecommons.org/share-your-work/licensing-"
msgstr ""
#. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><sect1><para>
-#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:1061
+#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:1112
msgid ""
"Creative Commons licenses have a three-layer design. The norms and rules of "
"each license are first expressed in full legal language as used by lawyers. "
msgstr ""
#. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><sect1><para>
-#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:1080
+#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:1134
msgid ""
"In 2015, there were over one billion Creative Commons licensed works in a "
"global commons. These works were viewed online 136 billion times. People are "
msgstr ""
#. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><sect1><para><footnote><para>
-#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:1093
+#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:1148
msgid ""
"Creative Commons, 2015 State of the Commons (Mountain View, CA: Creative "
"Commons, 2015), <ulink url=\"http://stateof.creativecommons.org/2015/\"/>."
msgstr ""
#. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><sect1><para>
-#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:1088
+#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:1142
msgid ""
"Individual artists, photographers, musicians, and filmmakers use Creative "
"Commons, but so do museums, governments, creative industries, manufacturers, "
msgstr ""
#. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><sect1><para>
-#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:1101
+#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:1157
msgid ""
"Some see Creative Commons as a way to share a gift with others, a way of "
"getting known, or a way to provide social benefit. Others are simply "
msgstr ""
#. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><sect1><para>
-#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:1113
+#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:1169
msgid ""
"Over time, Creative Commons has spawned a range of open movements, including "
"open educational resources, open access, open science, and open data. The "
msgstr ""
#. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><sect1><para><footnote><para>
-#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:1126
+#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:1183
msgid ""
"Wikipedia, s.v. <quote>Open Government Partnership,</quote> last modified "
"September 24, 2016, <ulink url=\"http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/"
msgstr ""
#. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><sect1><para>
-#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:1121
+#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:1177
msgid ""
"The state is increasingly involved in supporting open movements. The Open "
"Government Partnership was launched in 2011 to provide an international "
msgstr ""
#. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><sect1><title>
-#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:1137
+#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:1195
msgid "The Changing Market"
msgstr ""
#. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><sect1><para><footnote><para>
-#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:1145
+#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:1204
msgid "Capra and Mattei, Ecology of Law, 114."
msgstr ""
#. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><sect1><para><footnote><para>
-#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:1153
+#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:1214
msgid "Ibid., 116."
msgstr ""
#. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><sect1><para>
-#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:1139
+#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:1197
msgid ""
"Today’s market is largely driven by global capitalism. Law and financial "
"systems are structured to support extraction, privatization, and corporate "
msgstr ""
#. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><sect1><para><footnote><para>
-#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:1163
+#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:1226
msgid ""
"The Swedish International Development Cooperation Agency, <quote>Stockholm "
"Statement</quote> accessed February 15, 2017, <ulink url=\"http://sida.se/"
msgstr ""
#. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><sect1><para>
-#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:1157
+#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:1219
msgid ""
"In light of these challenges there is a growing recognition that GDP growth "
"should not be an end in itself, that development needs to be socially and "
msgstr ""
#. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><sect1><para><footnote><para>
-#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:1175
+#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:1240
msgid ""
"City of Bologna, Regulation on Collaboration between Citizens and the City "
"for the Care and Regeneration of Urban Commons, trans. LabGov (LABoratory "
msgstr ""
#. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><sect1><para><footnote><para>
-#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:1185
+#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:1252
msgid ""
"The Seoul Sharing City website is <ulink url=\"http://english.sharehub.kr\"/"
">; for Amsterdam Sharing City, go to <ulink url=\"http://www.sharenl.nl/"
msgstr ""
#. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><sect1><para>
-#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:1170
+#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:1234
msgid ""
"These realizations have led to a resurgence of interest in the commons as a "
"means of enabling that balance. City governments like Bologna, Italy, are "
msgstr ""
#. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><sect1><para><footnote><para>
-#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:1202
+#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:1271
msgid ""
"Tom Slee, What’s Yours Is Mine: Against the Sharing Economy (New York: OR "
"Books, 2015), 42."
msgstr ""
#. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><sect1><para>
-#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:1192
+#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:1260
msgid ""
"The market itself has taken an interest in the sharing economy, with "
"businesses like Airbnb providing a peer-to-peer marketplace for short-term "
msgstr ""
#. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><sect1><para><footnote><para>
-#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:1224
+#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:1295
msgid ""
"Chris Anderson, Free: How Today’s Smartest Businesses Profit by Giving "
"Something for Nothing, Reprint with new preface. (New York: Hyperion, "
msgstr ""
#. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><sect1><para>
-#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:1214
+#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:1284
msgid ""
"One way Made with Creative Commons case studies differ from those of the "
"sharing economy is their focus on digital resources. Digital resources "
msgstr ""
#. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><sect1><para>
-#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:1230
+#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:1302
msgid ""
"Those that are Made with Creative Commons are looking to leverage the unique "
"inherent characteristics of digital resources, including lowering costs. The "
msgstr ""
#. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><sect1><para><footnote><para>
-#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:1249
+#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:1322
msgid ""
"Jeremy Rifkin, The Zero Marginal Cost Society: The Internet of Things, the "
"Collaborative Commons, and the Eclipse of Capitalism (New York: Palgrave "
msgstr ""
#. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><sect1><para>
-#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:1244
+#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:1316
msgid ""
"The incremental cost of storing, copying, and distributing digital goods is "
"next to zero, making abundance possible. But imagining a market based on "
msgstr ""
#. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><sect1><para>
-#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:1257
+#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:1331
msgid ""
"Some are looking to minimize their interactions with the market and operate "
"as autonomously as possible. Others are operating largely as a business "
msgstr ""
#. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><sect1><para><footnote><para>
-#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:1271
+#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:1346
msgid ""
"Gar Alperovitz, What Then Must We Do? Straight Talk about the Next American "
"Revolution: Democratizing Wealth and Building a Community-Sustaining Economy "
msgstr ""
#. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><sect1><para><footnote><para>
-#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:1280
+#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:1357
msgid ""
"Marjorie Kelly, Owning Our Future: The Emerging Ownership Revolution; "
"Journeys to a Generative Economy (San Francisco: Berrett-Koehler, 2012), 8–9."
msgstr ""
#. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><sect1><para>
-#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:1264
+#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:1338
msgid ""
"For an ordinary corporation, making social benefit a part of its operations "
"is difficult, as it’s legally required to make decisions that financially "
msgstr ""
#. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><sect1><para><footnote><para>
-#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:1292
+#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:1372
msgid ""
"Alex Osterwalder and Yves Pigneur, Business Model Generation (Hoboken, NJ: "
"John Wiley and Sons, 2010). A preview of the book is available at <ulink url="
msgstr ""
#. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><sect1><para>
-#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:1285
+#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:1364
msgid ""
"<quote>A book on open business models</quote> is how we described it in this "
"book’s Kickstarter campaign. We used a handbook called Business Model "
msgstr ""
#. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><sect1><para><footnote><para>
-#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:1302
+#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:1384
msgid ""
"This business model canvas is available to download at <ulink url=\"http://"
"strategyzer.com/canvas/business-model-canvas\"/>."
msgstr ""
#. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><sect1><para><footnote><para>
-#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:1310
+#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:1394
msgid ""
"We’ve made the <quote>Open Business Model Canvas,</quote> designed by the "
"coauthor Paul Stacey, available online at <ulink url=\"http://docs.google."
msgstr ""
#. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><sect1><para>
-#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:1299
+#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:1380
msgid ""
"It contains a <quote>business model canvas,</quote> which conceives of a "
"business model as having nine building blocks.<placeholder type=\"footnote\" "
msgstr ""
#. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><sect1><para>
-#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:1320
+#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:1405
msgid ""
"In our case study interviews, many expressed discomfort over describing "
"themselves as an open business model—the term business model suggested "
msgstr ""
#. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><sect1><para><footnote><para>
-#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:1342
+#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:1428
msgid ""
"A more comprehensive list of revenue streams is available in this post I "
"wrote on Medium on March 6, 2016. <quote>What Is an Open Business Model and "
msgstr ""
#. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><sect1><para>
-#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:1333
+#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:1418
msgid ""
"The creators, businesses, and organizations we profile all engage with the "
"market to generate revenue in some way. The ways in which this is done vary "
msgstr ""
#. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><sect1><title>
-#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:1354
+#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:1441
msgid "Benefits of the Digital Commons"
msgstr ""
#. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><sect1><para>
-#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:1356
+#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:1443
msgid ""
"While it may be clear why commons-based organizations want to interact and "
"engage with the market (they need money to survive), it may be less obvious "
msgstr ""
#. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><sect1><para>
-#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:1362
+#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:1449
msgid ""
"The commons speeds dissemination. The free flow of resources in the commons "
"offers tremendous economies of scale. Distribution is decentralized, with "
msgstr ""
#. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><sect1><para>
-#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:1371
+#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:1458
msgid ""
"The commons ensures access to all. The market has traditionally operated by "
"putting resources behind a paywall requiring payment first before access. "
msgstr ""
#. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><sect1><para>
-#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:1384
+#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:1471
msgid ""
"The commons maximizes participation. Resources in the commons can be used "
"and contributed to by everyone. Using the resources of others, contributing "
msgstr ""
#. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><sect1><para><footnote><para>
-#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:1406
+#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:1494
msgid ""
"Henry Chesbrough, Open Innovation: The New Imperative for Creating and "
"Profiting from Technology (Boston: Harvard Business Review Press, 2006), 31–"
msgstr ""
#. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><sect1><para>
-#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:1397
+#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:1484
msgid ""
"The commons spurs innovation. Resources in the hands of more people who can "
"use them leads to new ideas. The way commons resources can be modified, "
msgstr ""
#. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><sect1><para>
-#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:1415
+#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:1504
msgid ""
"The commons boosts reach and impact. The digital commons is global. "
"Resources may be created for a local or regional need, but they go far and "
msgstr ""
#. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><sect1><para>
-#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:1428
+#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:1517
msgid ""
"The commons is generative. Instead of extracting value, the commons adds "
"value. Digitized resources persist without becoming depleted, and through "
msgstr ""
#. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><sect1><para>
-#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:1442
+#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:1531
msgid ""
"The commons brings people together for a common cause. The commons vests "
"people directly with the responsibility to manage the resources for the "
msgstr ""
#. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><sect1><para>
-#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:1457
+#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:1546
msgid ""
"The benefits of the commons are many. When these benefits align with the "
"goals of individuals, communities, businesses in the market, or state "
msgstr ""
#. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><sect1><title>
-#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:1464
+#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:1553
msgid "Our Case Studies"
msgstr ""
#. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><sect1><para>
-#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:1466
+#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:1555
msgid ""
"The creators, organizations, and businesses in our case studies operate as "
"nonprofits, for-profits, and social enterprises. Regardless of legal "
msgstr ""
#. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><sect1><para>
-#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:1478
+#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:1567
msgid ""
"The case studies are based on the narratives told to us by founders and key "
"staff. Instead of solely using financials as the measure of success and "
msgstr ""
#. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><sect1><para>
-#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:1486
+#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:1575
msgid ""
"Our case studies are diverse, ranging from publishing to education and "
"manufacturing. All of the organizations, businesses, and creators in the "
msgstr ""
#. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><sect1><para>
-#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:1496
+#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:1585
msgid ""
"They are creating new resources, or using the resources of others, or mixing "
"existing resources together to make something new. They, and their audience, "
msgstr ""
#. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><sect1><para>
-#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:1504
+#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:1593
msgid ""
"And as users of Creative Commons licenses, they are automatically part of a "
"global community. The new digital commons is global. Those we profiled come "
msgstr ""
#. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><sect1><para>
-#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:1511
+#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:1600
msgid ""
"Creative Commons licenses may express legal rules around the use of "
"resources in a commons, but success in the commons requires more than "
msgstr ""
#. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><sect1><para>
-#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:1524
+#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:1613
msgid ""
"The new digital commons is here to stay. Made With Creative Commons case "
"studies show how it’s possible to be part of this commons while still "
msgstr ""
#. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><sect1><para>
-#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:1533
+#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:1622
msgid ""
"Enterprise use of Creative Commons has only just begun. The case studies in "
"this book are merely starting points. Each is changing and evolving over "
msgstr ""
#. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><title>
-#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:1544
+#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:1634
#, fuzzy
msgid "How to Be Made with Creative Commons"
msgstr "## Gemaakt met Creative Commons"
#. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para>
-#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:1546
+#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:1636
msgid "Sarah Hinchliff Pearson"
msgstr ""
#. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para>
-#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:1549
+#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:1639
msgid ""
"When we began this project in August 2015, we set out to write a book about "
"business models that involve Creative Commons licenses in some significant "
msgstr ""
#. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para>
-#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:1565
+#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:1655
msgid ""
"We analyzed the revenue models, customer segments, and value propositions of "
"each endeavor. We searched for ways that putting their content under "
msgstr ""
#. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para>
-#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:1575
+#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:1665
msgid ""
"In fairly short order, we realized the book we set out to write was quite "
"different from the one that was revealing itself in our interviews and "
msgstr ""
#. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para>
-#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:1580
+#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:1670
msgid ""
"It isn’t that we were wrong to think you can make money while using Creative "
"Commons licenses. In many instances, CC can help make you more money. Nor "
msgstr ""
#. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para><footnote><para>
-#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:1593
+#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:1684
msgid ""
"Alex Osterwalder and Yves Pigneur, Business Model Generation (Hoboken, NJ: "
"John Wiley and Sons, 2010), 14. A preview of the book is available at <ulink "
msgstr ""
#. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para>
-#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:1589
+#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:1679
msgid ""
"According to the seminal handbook Business Model Generation, a business "
"model <quote>describes the rationale of how an organization creates, "
msgstr ""
#. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para>
-#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:1605
+#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:1697
msgid ""
"Eventually, we got it. Being Made with Creative Commons is more than a "
"business model. While we will talk about specific revenue models as one "
msgstr ""
#. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para>
-#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:1612
+#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:1704
msgid ""
"Admittedly, it took me a long time to get there. When Paul and I divided up "
"our writing after finishing the research, my charge was to distill "
msgstr ""
#. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para>
-#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:1622
+#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:1714
msgid ""
"In every interview, we started from the same simple questions. Amid all the "
"diversity among the creators, organizations, and businesses we profiled, "
msgstr ""
#. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para>
-#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:1634
+#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:1726
msgid ""
"But we also started to realize something about what it means to be Made with "
"Creative Commons. When people talked to us about how and why they used CC, "
msgstr ""
#. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para>
-#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:1642
+#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:1734
msgid ""
"At one level, being Made with Creative Commons expresses an affinity for the "
"value of Creative Commons. While there are many different flavors of CC "
msgstr ""
#. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para>
-#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:1656
+#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:1748
msgid ""
"Whether the public makes use of the opportunity to copy and adapt your work, "
"sharing with a Creative Commons license is a symbol of how you want to "
msgstr ""
#. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para>
-#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:1668
+#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:1760
msgid ""
"Being Made with Creative Commons not only demonstrates values connected to "
"CC and sharing. It also demonstrates that something other than profit drives "
msgstr ""
#. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para><footnote><para>
-#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:1681
+#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:1774
msgid ""
"Cory Doctorow, Information Doesn’t Want to Be Free: Laws for the Internet "
"Age (San Francisco, CA: McSweeney’s, 2014) 68."
msgstr ""
#. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para>
-#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:1676
+#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:1768
msgid ""
"The driving motivation varies depending on the type of endeavor. For "
"individual creators, it is most often about personal inspiration. In some "
msgstr ""
#. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para>
-#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:1693
+#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:1787
msgid ""
"Many that are Made with Creative Commons have an express social mission that "
"underpins everything they do. In many cases, sharing with Creative Commons "
msgstr ""
#. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para>
-#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:1703
+#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:1797
msgid ""
"This dynamic is probably one reason why there are so many nonprofit examples "
"of being Made with Creative Commons. The content is the result of a labor of "
msgstr ""
#. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para>
-#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:1713
+#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:1807
msgid ""
"Even if profit isn’t the end goal, you have to bring in money to be "
"successfully Made with Creative Commons. At a bare minimum, you have to make "
msgstr ""
#. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para>
-#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:1718
+#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:1812
msgid ""
"The costs of doing business vary widely for those made with CC, but there is "
"generally a much lower threshold for sustainability than there used to be "
msgstr ""
#. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para><footnote><para>
-#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:1735
+#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:1830
msgid "Ibid., 55."
msgstr ""
#. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para>
-#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:1730
+#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:1824
msgid ""
"Some creation costs are the same as they always were. It takes the same "
"amount of time and money to write a peer-reviewed journal article or paint a "
msgstr ""
#. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para><footnote><para>
-#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:1747
+#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:1844
msgid ""
"Chris Anderson, Free: How Today’s Smartest Businesses Profit by Giving "
"Something for Nothing, reprint with new preface (New York: Hyperion, 2010), "
msgstr ""
#. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para>
-#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:1744
+#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:1840
msgid ""
"Distributing content is almost universally cheaper than ever. Once content "
"is created, the costs to distribute copies digitally are essentially zero."
msgstr ""
#. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para><footnote><para>
-#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:1769
+#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:1868
msgid "Doctorow, Information Doesn’t Want to Be Free, 44."
msgstr ""
#. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para>
-#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:1759
+#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:1857
msgid ""
"It’s important to recognize that the biggest impact of technology on "
"creative endeavors is that creators can now foot the costs of creation and "
msgstr ""
#. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para>
-#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:1776
+#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:1876
msgid ""
"Whether for an individual creator or a larger endeavor, it usually isn’t "
"enough to break even if you want to make what you’re doing a livelihood. You "
msgstr ""
#. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para>
-#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:1789
+#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:1889
msgid ""
"This book is a testament to the notion that it is possible to make money "
"while using CC licenses and CC-licensed content, but we are still very much "
msgstr ""
#. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para>
-#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:1797
+#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:1897
msgid ""
"There are, however, plenty of ways in which CC licensing can be good for "
"business in fairly predictable ways. The first is how it helps solve "
msgstr ""
#. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><sect1><title>
-#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:1802
+#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:1902
msgid "Problem Zero: Getting Discovered"
msgstr ""
#. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><sect1><para><footnote><para>
-#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:1809
+#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:1910
msgid ""
"Amanda Palmer, The Art of Asking: Or How I Learned to Stop Worrying and Let "
"People Help (New York: Grand Central, 2014), 121."
msgstr ""
#. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><sect1><para><footnote><para>
-#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:1824
+#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:1927
msgid ""
"Chris Anderson, Makers: The New Industrial Revolution (New York: Signal, "
"2012), 64."
msgstr ""
#. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><sect1><para>
-#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:1804
+#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:1904
msgid ""
"Once you create or collect your content, the next step is finding users, "
"customers, fans—in other words, your people. As Amanda Palmer wrote, "
msgstr ""
#. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><sect1><para><footnote><para>
-#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:1838
+#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:1943
msgid ""
"David Bollier, Think Like a Commoner: A Short Introduction to the Life of "
"the Commons (Gabriola Island, BC: New Society, 2014), 70."
msgstr ""
#. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><sect1><para><footnote><para>
-#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:1845
+#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:1952
msgid "Anderson, Makers, 66."
msgstr ""
#. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><sect1><para><footnote><para>
-#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:1850
+#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:1959
msgid ""
"Bryan Kramer, Shareology: How Sharing Is Powering the Human Economy (New "
"York: Morgan James, 2016), 10."
msgstr ""
#. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><sect1><para>
-#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:1830
+#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:1934
msgid ""
"While finding <quote>your people</quote> online is theoretically easier than "
"in the analog world, as a practical matter it can still be difficult to "
msgstr ""
#. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><sect1><para><footnote><para>
-#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:1864
+#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:1975
msgid "Anderson, Free, 62."
msgstr ""
#. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><sect1><para>
-#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:1856
+#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:1966
msgid ""
"When you come to the Internet armed with an all-rights-reserved mentality "
"from the start, you are often restricting access to your work before there "
msgstr ""
#. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><sect1><para><footnote><para>
-#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:1878
+#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:1991
msgid "Doctorow, Information Doesn’t Want to Be Free, 38."
msgstr ""
#. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><sect1><para>
-#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:1874
+#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:1986
msgid ""
"Of course, it’s not that being discovered by people who like your work will "
"make you rich—far from it. But as Cory Doctorow says, <quote>Recognition is "
msgstr ""
#. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><sect1><para>
-#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:1882
+#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:1996
msgid ""
"Choosing not to spend time and energy restricting access to your work and "
"policing infringement also builds goodwill. Lumen Learning, a for-profit "
msgstr ""
#. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><sect1><para><footnote><para>
-#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:1900
+#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:2015
msgid "Bollier, Think Like a Commoner, 68."
msgstr ""
#. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><sect1><para>
-#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:1893
+#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:2007
msgid ""
"It is not just that restricting access to your work may undermine your "
"social mission. It also may alienate the people who most value your creative "
msgstr ""
#. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><sect1><para>
-#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:1904
+#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:2020
msgid ""
"The fact that copying can carry criminal penalties undoubtedly deters "
"copying it, but copying with the click of a button is too easy and "
msgstr ""
#. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><sect1><para>
-#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:1913
+#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:2029
msgid ""
"If you take some amount of copying and sharing your work as a given, you can "
"invest your time and resources elsewhere, rather than wasting them on "
msgstr ""
#. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><sect1><para><footnote><para>
-#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:1933
+#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:2050
msgid "Anderson, Free, 86."
msgstr ""
#. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><sect1><para>
-#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:1929
+#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:2045
msgid ""
"Being Made with Creative Commons means you stop thinking about ways to "
"artificially make your content scarce, and instead leverage it as the "
msgstr ""
#. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><sect1><para><footnote><para>
-#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:1944
+#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:2063
msgid "Doctorow, Information Doesn’t Want to Be Free, 144."
msgstr ""
#. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><sect1><para>
-#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:1941
+#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:2059
msgid ""
"Cory Doctorow says it costs him nothing when other people make copies of his "
"work, and it opens the possibility that he might get something in return."
msgstr ""
#. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><sect1><para>
-#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:1954
+#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:2074
msgid ""
"There are all kinds of way to leverage the power of sharing and remix to "
"your benefit. Here are a few."
msgstr ""
#. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><sect1><sect2><title>
-#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:1958
+#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:2078
msgid "Use CC to grow a larger audience"
msgstr ""
#. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><sect1><sect2><para>
-#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:1960
+#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:2080
msgid ""
"Putting a Creative Commons license on your content won’t make it "
"automatically go viral, but eliminating legal barriers to copying the work "
msgstr ""
#. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><sect1><sect2><para>
-#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:1972
+#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:2092
msgid ""
"The Conversation is an online news site with in-depth articles written by "
"academics who are experts on particular topics. All of the articles are CC-"
msgstr ""
#. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><sect1><sect2><para><footnote><para>
-#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:1989
+#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:2110
msgid "Anderson, Free, 123."
msgstr ""
#. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><sect1><sect2><para>
-#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:1981
+#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:2101
msgid ""
"The idea that more eyeballs equates with more success is a form of the max "
"strategy, adopted by Google and other technology companies. According to "
msgstr ""
#. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><sect1><sect2><para><footnote><para>
-#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:2003
+#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:2126
msgid "Ibid., 132."
msgstr ""
#. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><sect1><sect2><para><footnote><para>
-#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:2008
+#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:2133
msgid "Ibid., 70."
msgstr ""
#. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><sect1><sect2><para>
-#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:1998
+#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:2120
msgid ""
"If you are successful in reaching more users, readers, listeners, or other "
"consumers of your work, you can start to benefit from the bandwagon effect. "
msgstr ""
#. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><sect1><sect2><title>
-#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:2013
+#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:2139
msgid "Use CC to get attribution and name recognition"
msgstr ""
#. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><sect1><sect2><para><footnote><para>
-#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:2027
+#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:2154
msgid ""
"James Surowiecki, The Wisdom of Crowds (New York: Anchor Books, 2005), 124. "
"Surowiecki says, <quote>The measure of success of laws and contracts is how "
msgstr ""
#. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><sect1><sect2><para>
-#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:2015
+#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:2141
msgid ""
"Every Creative Commons license requires that credit be given to the author, "
"and that reusers supply a link back to the original source of the material. "
msgstr ""
#. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><sect1><sect2><para>
-#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:2038
+#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:2166
msgid ""
"The fact that the name of the creator follows a CC-licensed work makes the "
"licenses an important means to develop a reputation or, in corporate speak, "
msgstr ""
#. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><sect1><sect2><para>
-#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:2052
+#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:2180
msgid ""
"Attribution can be about more than just receiving credit. It can also be "
"about establishing provenance. People naturally want to know where content "
msgstr ""
#. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><sect1><sect2><para>
-#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:2067
+#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:2195
msgid ""
"Knowing the source of a work is also critical to ensuring its credibility. "
"Just as a trademark is designed to give consumers a way to identify the "
msgstr ""
#. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><sect1><sect2><title>
-#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:2077
+#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:2205
msgid "Use CC-licensed content as a marketing tool"
msgstr ""
#. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><sect1><sect2><para>
-#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:2079
+#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:2207
msgid ""
"As we will cover in more detail later, many endeavors that are Made with "
"Creative Commons make money by providing a product or service other than the "
msgstr ""
#. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><sect1><sect2><para><footnote><para>
-#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:2101
+#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:2230
msgid "Anderson, Free, 44."
msgstr ""
#. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><sect1><sect2><para>
-#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:2088
+#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:2216
msgid ""
"Knowledge Unlatched’s Pinter told us she has seen time and again how "
"offering CC-licensed content—that is, digitally for free—actually increases "
msgstr ""
#. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><sect1><sect2><para>
-#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:2105
+#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:2235
msgid ""
"In some cases, endeavors that are Made with Creative Commons do not even "
"need dedicated marketing teams or marketing budgets. Cards Against Humanity "
msgstr ""
#. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><sect1><sect2><title>
-#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:2122
+#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:2252
msgid "Use CC to enable hands-on engagement with your work"
msgstr ""
#. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><sect1><sect2><para>
-#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:2125
+#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:2255
msgid ""
"The great promise of Creative Commons licensing is that it signifies an "
"embrace of remix culture. Indeed, this is the great promise of digital "
msgstr ""
#. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><sect1><sect2><para><footnote><para>
-#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:2139
+#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:2270
msgid "Osterwalder and Pigneur, Business Model Generation, 23."
msgstr ""
#. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><sect1><sect2><para>
-#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:2132
+#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:2262
msgid ""
"Four of the six CC licenses enable reusers to take apart, build upon, or "
"otherwise adapt the work. Depending on the context, adaptation can mean "
msgstr ""
#. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><sect1><sect2><para><footnote><para>
-#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:2152
+#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:2285
msgid "Anderson, Free, 67."
msgstr ""
#. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><sect1><sect2><para><footnote><para>
-#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:2157
+#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:2292
msgid "Ibid., 58."
msgstr ""
#. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><sect1><sect2><para><footnote><para>
-#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:2160
+#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:2297
msgid "Anderson, Makers, 71."
msgstr ""
#. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><sect1><sect2><para><footnote><para>
-#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:2165
+#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:2304
msgid ""
"Clay Shirky, Cognitive Surplus: How Technology Makes Consumers into "
"Collaborators (London: Penguin Books, 2010), 78."
msgstr ""
#. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><sect1><sect2><para>
-#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:2147
+#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:2279
msgid ""
"This is a way to counteract a potential downside of the abundance of free "
"and open content described above. As Anderson wrote in Free, <quote>People "
msgstr ""
#. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><sect1><sect2><para><footnote><para>
-#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:2178
+#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:2319
msgid "Ibid., 21."
msgstr ""
#. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><sect1><sect2><para>
-#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:2171
+#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:2311
msgid ""
"Actively engaging with the content helps us avoid the type of aimless "
"consumption that anyone who has absentmindedly scrolled through their social-"
msgstr ""
#. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><sect1><sect2><title>
-#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:2184
+#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:2326
msgid "Use CC to differentiate yourself"
msgstr ""
#. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><sect1><sect2><para><footnote><para>
-#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:2193
+#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:2336
msgid "Doctorow, Information Doesn’t Want to Be Free, 43."
msgstr ""
#. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><sect1><sect2><para>
-#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:2186
+#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:2328
msgid ""
"Operating under a traditional copyright regime usually means operating under "
"the rules of establishment players in the media. Business strategies that "
msgstr ""
#. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><sect1><title>
-#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:2205
+#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:2349
msgid "Making Money"
msgstr ""
#. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><sect1><para><footnote><para>
-#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:2215
+#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:2360
msgid ""
"William Landes Foster, Peter Kim, and Barbara Christiansen, <quote>Ten "
"Nonprofit Funding Models,</quote> Stanford Social Innovation Review, Spring "
msgstr ""
#. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><sect1><para>
-#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:2207
+#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:2351
msgid ""
"Like any moneymaking endeavor, those that are Made with Creative Commons "
"have to generate some type of value for their audience or customers. "
msgstr ""
#. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><sect1><para><footnote><para>
-#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:2236
+#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:2383
msgid "Shirky, Cognitive Surplus, 111."
msgstr ""
#. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><sect1><para>
-#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:2228
+#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:2374
msgid ""
"Most who are Made with Creative Commons use a variety of methods to bring in "
"revenue, some market-based and some not. One common strategy is using grant "
msgstr ""
#. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><sect1><para>
-#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:2240
+#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:2388
msgid ""
"Our case studies explore in more detail the various revenue-generating "
"mechanisms used by the creators, organizations, and businesses we "
msgstr ""
#. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><sect1><sect2><title>
-#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:2249
+#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:2397
msgid "Market-based revenue streams"
msgstr ""
#. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><sect1><sect2><para><footnote><para>
-#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:2254
+#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:2403
msgid "Osterwalder and Pigneur, Business Model Generation, 30."
msgstr ""
#. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><sect1><sect2><para><footnote><para>
-#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:2261
+#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:2412
msgid ""
"Jim Whitehurst, The Open Organization: Igniting Passion and Performance "
"(Boston: Harvard Business Review Press, 2015), 202."
msgstr ""
#. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><sect1><sect2><para>
-#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:2251
+#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:2399
msgid ""
"In the market, the central question when determining how to bring in revenue "
"is what value people are willing to pay for.<placeholder type=\"footnote\" "
msgstr ""
#. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><sect1><sect2><para><footnote><para>
-#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:2277
+#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:2430
msgid "Anderson, Free, 71."
msgstr ""
#. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><sect1><sect2><para>
-#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:2267
+#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:2419
msgid ""
"In many ways, this is the way of the future for all content-driven "
"endeavors. In the market, value lives in things that are scarce. Because the "
msgstr ""
#. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><sect1><sect2><para><footnote><para>
-#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:2296
+#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:2451
msgid "Ibid., 231."
msgstr ""
#. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><sect1><sect2><para>
-#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:2286
+#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:2440
msgid ""
"Of course, this doesn’t mean that content-driven endeavors have no future in "
"the traditional marketplace. In Free, Anderson explains how when one product "
msgstr ""
#. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><sect1><sect2><para>
-#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:2300
+#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:2456
msgid ""
"In light of this reality, in some ways endeavors that are Made with Creative "
"Commons are at a level playing field with all content-based endeavors in the "
msgstr ""
#. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><sect1><sect2><para>
-#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:2309
+#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:2465
msgid ""
"For content creators and distributors, there are nearly infinite ways to "
"provide value to the consumers of your work, above and beyond the value that "
msgstr ""
#. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><sect1><sect2><para>
-#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:2316
+#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:2472
msgid "Here are the most common high-level categories."
msgstr ""
#. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><sect1><sect2><title>
-#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:2320
+#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:2476
msgid ""
"Providing a custom service to consumers of your work <emphasis>[MARKET-"
"BASED]</emphasis>"
msgstr ""
#. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><sect1><sect2><para><footnote><para>
-#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:2330
+#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:2487
msgid "Ibid., 97."
msgstr ""
#. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><sect1><sect2><para>
-#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:2323
+#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:2479
msgid ""
"In this age of information abundance, we don’t lack for content. The trick "
"is finding content that matches our needs and wants, so customized services "
msgstr ""
#. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><sect1><sect2><title>
-#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:2338
+#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:2496
msgid "Charging for the physical copy <emphasis>[MARKET-BASED]</emphasis>"
msgstr ""
#. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><sect1><sect2><para><footnote><para>
-#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:2345
+#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:2504
msgid "Anderson, Makers, 107."
msgstr ""
#. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><sect1><sect2><para>
-#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:2341
+#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:2499
msgid ""
"In his book about maker culture, Anderson characterizes this model as giving "
"away the bits and selling the atoms (where bits refers to digital content "
msgstr ""
#. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><sect1><sect2><title>
-#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:2369
+#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:2529
msgid "Charging for the in-person version <emphasis>[MARKET-BASED]</emphasis>"
msgstr ""
#. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><sect1><sect2><para>
-#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:2372
+#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:2532
msgid ""
"As anyone who has ever gone to a concert will tell you, experiencing "
"creativity in person is a completely different experience from consuming a "
msgstr ""
#. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><sect1><sect2><title>
-#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:2383
+#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:2543
msgid "Selling merchandise <emphasis>[MARKET-BASED]</emphasis>"
msgstr ""
#. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><sect1><sect2><para>
-#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:2386
+#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:2546
msgid ""
"In many cases, people who like your work will pay for products demonstrating "
"a connection to your work. As a child of the 1980s, I can personally attest "
msgstr ""
#. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><sect1><sect2><para><footnote><para>
-#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:2403
+#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:2564
msgid "Osterwalder and Pigneur, Business Model Generation, 89."
msgstr ""
#. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><sect1><sect2><para>
-#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:2393
+#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:2553
msgid ""
"Sometimes the way to find a market-based revenue stream is by providing "
"value to people other than those who consume your CC-licensed content. In "
msgstr ""
#. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><sect1><sect2><title>
-#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:2410
+#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:2572
msgid "Charging advertisers or sponsors <emphasis>[MARKET-BASED]</emphasis>"
msgstr ""
#. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><sect1><sect2><para><footnote><para>
-#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:2418
+#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:2581
msgid "Ibid., 92."
msgstr ""
#. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><sect1><sect2><para><footnote><para>
-#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:2422
+#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:2587
msgid "Anderson, Free, 142."
msgstr ""
#. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><sect1><sect2><para>
-#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:2413
+#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:2575
msgid ""
"The traditional model of subsidizing free content is advertising. In this "
"version of multi-sided platforms, advertisers pay for the opportunity to "
msgstr ""
#. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><sect1><sect2><title>
-#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:2431
+#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:2597
msgid "Charging your content creators <emphasis>[MARKET-BASED]</emphasis>"
msgstr ""
#. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><sect1><sect2><para>
-#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:2434
+#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:2600
msgid ""
"Another type of multisided platform is where the content creators themselves "
"pay to be featured on the platform. Obviously, this revenue stream is only "
msgstr ""
#. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><sect1><sect2><title>
-#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:2448
+#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:2614
msgid "Charging a transaction fee <emphasis>[MARKET-BASED]</emphasis>"
msgstr ""
#. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><sect1><sect2><para><footnote><para>
-#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:2453
+#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:2620
msgid "Osterwalder and Pigneur, Business Model Generation, 32."
msgstr ""
#. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><sect1><sect2><para>
-#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:2451
+#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:2617
msgid ""
"This is a version of a traditional business model based on brokering "
"transactions between parties.<placeholder type=\"footnote\" id=\"0\"/> "
msgstr ""
#. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><sect1><sect2><title>
-#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:2465
+#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:2633
msgid ""
"Providing a service to your creators <emphasis>[MARKET-BASED]</emphasis>"
msgstr ""
#. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><sect1><sect2><para>
-#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:2468
+#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:2636
msgid ""
"As mentioned above, endeavors can make money by providing customized "
"services to their users. Platforms can undertake a variation of this service "
msgstr ""
#. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><sect1><sect2><title>
-#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:2478
+#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:2646
msgid "Licensing a trademark <emphasis>[MARKET-BASED]</emphasis>"
msgstr ""
#. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><sect1><sect2><para>
-#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:2481
+#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:2649
msgid ""
"Finally, some that are Made with Creative Commons make money by selling use "
"of their trademarks. Well known brands that consumers associate with "
msgstr ""
#. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><sect1><sect2><title>
-#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:2493
+#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:2661
msgid "Reciprocity-based revenue streams"
msgstr ""
#. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><sect1><sect2><para>
-#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:2495
+#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:2663
msgid ""
"Even if we set aside grant funding, we found that the traditional economic "
"framework of understanding the market failed to fully capture the ways the "
msgstr ""
#. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><sect1><sect2><para>
-#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:2502
+#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:2670
msgid ""
"Rather than devising a scheme to get people to pay money in exchange for "
"some direct value provided to them, many of the revenue streams were more "
msgstr ""
#. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><sect1><sect2><para>
-#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:2515
+#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:2683
msgid ""
"This should be a familiar dynamic—it is the way you deal with your friends "
"and family. We give without regard for what and when we will get back. David "
msgstr ""
#. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><sect1><sect2><para><footnote><para>
-#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:2525
+#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:2694
msgid "Bollier, Think Like a Commoner, 150."
msgstr ""
#. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><sect1><sect2><para><footnote><para>
-#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:2529
+#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:2700
msgid "Ibid., 134."
msgstr ""
#. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><sect1><sect2><para>
-#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:2523
+#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:2691
msgid ""
"What is rare is to incorporate this sort of relationship into an endeavor "
"that also engages with the market.<placeholder type=\"footnote\" id=\"0\"/> "
msgstr ""
#. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><sect1><sect2><title>
-#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:2534
+#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:2706
msgid ""
"Memberships and individual donations <emphasis>[RECIPROCITY-BASED]</emphasis>"
msgstr ""
#. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><sect1><sect2><para>
-#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:2537
+#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:2709
msgid ""
"While memberships and donations are traditional nonprofit funding models, in "
"the Made with Creative Commons context, they are directly tied to the "
msgstr ""
#. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><sect1><sect2><title>
-#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:2553
+#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:2725
msgid "The pay-what-you-want model <emphasis>[RECIPROCITY-BASED]</emphasis>"
msgstr ""
#. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><sect1><sect2><para>
-#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:2556
+#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:2728
msgid ""
"In the pay-what-you-want model, the beneficiary of Creative Commons content "
"is invited to give—at any amount they can and feel is appropriate, based on "
msgstr ""
#. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><sect1><sect2><title>
-#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:2569
+#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:2741
msgid "Crowdfunding <emphasis>[RECIPROCITY-BASED]</emphasis>"
msgstr ""
#. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><sect1><sect2><para>
-#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:2572
+#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:2744
msgid ""
"Crowdfunding models are based on recouping the costs of creating and "
"distributing content before the content is created. If the endeavor is Made "
msgstr ""
#. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><sect1><sect2><para>
-#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:2590
+#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:2762
msgid ""
"Other types of crowdfunding rely on a sense of responsibility that a "
"particular community may feel. Knowledge Unlatched pools funds from major U."
msgstr ""
#. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><sect1><title>
-#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:2601
+#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:2773
msgid "Making Human Connections"
msgstr ""
#. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><sect1><para>
-#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:2603
+#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:2775
msgid ""
"Regardless of how they made money, in our interviews, we repeatedly heard "
"language like <quote>persuading people to buy</quote> and <quote>inviting "
msgstr ""
#. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><sect1><para>
-#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:2620
+#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:2792
msgid ""
"Nearly every endeavor we profiled relied, at least in part, on people being "
"invested in what they do. The closer the Creative Commons content is to "
msgstr ""
#. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><sect1><para>
-#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:2628
+#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:2800
msgid ""
"It took me a very long time to see how this avoidance of thinking about what "
"they do in pure market terms was deeply tied to being Made with Creative "
msgstr ""
#. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><sect1><para>
-#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:2633
+#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:2805
msgid ""
"I came to the research with preconceived notions about what Creative Commons "
"is and what it means to be Made with Creative Commons. It turned out I was "
msgstr ""
#. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><sect1><para>
-#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:2638
+#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:2810
msgid ""
"Obviously, being Made with Creative Commons means using Creative Commons "
"licenses. That much I knew. But in our interviews, people spoke of so much "
msgstr ""
#. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><sect1><para>
-#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:2649
+#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:2821
msgid ""
"Being Made with Creative Commons is not just about the simple act of "
"licensing a copyrighted work under a set of standardized terms, but also "
msgstr ""
#. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><sect1><para>
-#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:2663
+#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:2835
msgid ""
"The rest of this section will explore some of the common strategies that "
"creators, companies, and organizations use to remind us that there are "
msgstr ""
#. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><sect1><sect2><title>
-#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:2670
+#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:2842
msgid "Be human"
msgstr ""
#. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><sect1><sect2><para><footnote><para>
-#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:2674
+#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:2847
msgid ""
"Dan Ariely, Predictably Irrational: The Hidden Forces That Shape Our "
"Decisions, rev. ed. (New York: Harper Perennial, 2010), 109."
msgstr ""
#. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><sect1><sect2><para>
-#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:2672
+#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:2844
msgid ""
"Humans are social animals, which means we are naturally inclined to treat "
"each other well.<placeholder type=\"footnote\" id=\"0\"/> But the further "
msgstr ""
#. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><sect1><sect2><para><footnote><para>
-#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:2698
+#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:2873
msgid ""
"Austin Kleon, Show Your Work: 10 Ways to Share Your Creativity and Get "
"Discovered (New York: Workman, 2014), 93."
msgstr ""
#. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><sect1><sect2><para>
-#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:2685
+#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:2859
msgid ""
"To counteract the anonymous and impersonal tendencies of how we operate "
"online, individual creators and corporations who use Creative Commons "
msgstr ""
#. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><sect1><sect2><para>
-#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:2704
+#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:2880
msgid ""
"A critical component to doing this effectively is not worrying about being a "
"<quote>brand.</quote> That means not being afraid to be vulnerable. Amanda "
msgstr ""
#. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><sect1><sect2><para><footnote><para>
-#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:2725
+#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:2902
msgid "Kramer, Shareology, 76."
msgstr ""
#. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><sect1><sect2><para>
-#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:2717
+#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:2893
msgid ""
"This advice is probably even more important for businesses and organizations "
"because we instinctively conceive of them as nonhuman (though in the United "
msgstr ""
#. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><sect1><sect2><title>
-#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:2731
+#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:2909
msgid "Be open and accountable"
msgstr ""
#. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><sect1><sect2><para><footnote><para>
-#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:2740
+#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:2919
msgid "Palmer, Art of Asking, 252."
msgstr ""
#. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><sect1><sect2><para><footnote><para>
-#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:2745
+#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:2926
msgid "Whitehurst, Open Organization, 145."
msgstr ""
#. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><sect1><sect2><para>
-#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:2733
+#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:2911
msgid ""
"Transparency helps people understand who you are and why you do what you do, "
"but it also inspires trust. Max Temkin of Cards Against Humanity told us, "
msgstr ""
#. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><sect1><sect2><para><footnote><para>
-#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:2754
+#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:2937
msgid "Surowiecki, Wisdom of Crowds, 203."
msgstr ""
#. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><sect1><sect2><para><footnote><para>
-#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:2761
+#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:2946
msgid "Whitehurst, Open Organization, 80."
msgstr ""
#. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><sect1><sect2><para>
-#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:2749
+#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:2931
msgid ""
"Being accountable does not mean operating on consensus. According to James "
"Surowiecki, consensus-driven groups tend to resort to lowest-common-"
msgstr ""
#. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><sect1><sect2><title>
-#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:2769
+#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:2955
msgid "Design for the good actors"
msgstr ""
#. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><sect1><sect2><para><footnote><para>
-#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:2773
+#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:2960
msgid "Bollier, Think Like a Commoner, 25."
msgstr ""
#. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><sect1><sect2><para><footnote><para>
-#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:2778
+#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:2967
msgid "Ibid., 31."
msgstr ""
#. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><sect1><sect2><para>
-#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:2771
+#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:2957
msgid ""
"Traditional economics assumes people make decisions based solely on their "
"own economic self-interest.<placeholder type=\"footnote\" id=\"0\"/> Any "
msgstr ""
#. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><sect1><sect2><para><footnote><para>
-#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:2797
+#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:2988
msgid "Shirky, Cognitive Surplus, 112."
msgstr ""
#. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><sect1><sect2><para>
-#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:2791
+#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:2981
msgid ""
"The assumption that people will largely do the right thing can be a self-"
"fulfilling prophecy. Shirky wrote in Cognitive Surplus, <quote>Systems that "
msgstr ""
#. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><sect1><sect2><para><footnote><para>
-#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:2815
+#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:3008
msgid "Surowiecki, Wisdom of Crowds, 124."
msgstr ""
#. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><sect1><sect2><para>
-#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:2804
+#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:2996
msgid ""
"Rather than trying to exert control over people’s behavior, this mode of "
"operating requires a certain level of trust. We might not realize it, but "
msgstr ""
#. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><sect1><sect2><title>
-#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:2820
+#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:3014
msgid "Treat humans like, well, humans"
msgstr ""
#. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><sect1><sect2><para><footnote><para>
-#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:2825
+#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:3020
msgid "Kleon, Show Your Work, 127."
msgstr ""
#. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><sect1><sect2><para><footnote><para>
-#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:2833
+#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:3030
msgid "Palmer, Art of Asking, 121."
msgstr ""
#. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><sect1><sect2><para>
-#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:2822
+#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:3016
msgid ""
"For creators, treating people as humans means not treating them like fans. "
"As Kleon says, <quote>If you want fans, you have to be a fan first.</"
msgstr ""
#. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><sect1><sect2><para>
-#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:2837
+#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:3035
msgid ""
"The same idea goes for businesses and organizations. Rather than automating "
"its customer service, the music platform Tribe of Noise makes a point to "
msgstr ""
#. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><sect1><sect2><para><footnote><para>
-#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:2848
+#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:3047
msgid "Ariely, Predictably Irrational, 87."
msgstr ""
#. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><sect1><sect2><para><footnote><para>
-#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:2858
+#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:3059
msgid "Ibid., 105."
msgstr ""
#. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><sect1><sect2><para>
-#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:2843
+#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:3041
msgid ""
"When we treat people like humans, they typically return the gift in kind. "
"It’s called karma. But social relationships are fragile. It is all too easy "
msgstr ""
#. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><sect1><sect2><title>
-#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:2863
+#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:3065
msgid "State your principles and stick to them"
msgstr ""
#. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><sect1><sect2><para>
-#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:2865
+#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:3067
msgid ""
"Being Made with Creative Commons makes a statement about who you are and "
"what you do. The symbolism is powerful. Using Creative Commons licenses "
msgstr ""
#. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><sect1><sect2><para>
-#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:2877
+#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:3079
msgid ""
"The expression of your values doesn’t have to be implicit. In fact, many of "
"the people we interviewed talked about how important it is to state your "
msgstr ""
#. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><sect1><sect2><para><footnote><para>
-#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:2892
+#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:3095
msgid "Ibid., 36."
msgstr ""
#. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><sect1><sect2><para>
-#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:2888
+#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:3090
msgid ""
"When your end goal is not about making a profit, people trust that you "
"aren’t just trying to extract value for your own gain. People notice when "
msgstr ""
#. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><sect1><sect2><title>
-#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:2898
+#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:3102
msgid "Build a community"
msgstr ""
#. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><sect1><sect2><para><footnote><para>
-#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:2906
+#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:3111
msgid ""
"Jono Bacon, The Art of Community, 2nd ed. (Sebastopol, CA: O’Reilly Media, "
"2012), 36."
msgstr ""
#. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><sect1><sect2><para>
-#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:2900
+#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:3104
msgid ""
"Endeavors that are Made with Creative Commons thrive when community is built "
"around what they do. This may mean a community collaborating together to "
msgstr ""
#. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><sect1><sect2><para><footnote><para>
-#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:2922
+#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:3129
msgid "Palmer, Art of Asking, 98."
msgstr ""
#. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><sect1><sect2><para><footnote><para>
-#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:2929
+#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:3138
msgid "Whitehurst, Open Organization, 34."
msgstr ""
#. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><sect1><sect2><para>
-#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:2914
+#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:3120
msgid ""
"To be sustainable, though, you have to work to nurture community. People "
"have to care—about you and each other. One critical piece to this is "
msgstr ""
#. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><sect1><sect2><para><footnote><para>
-#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:2941
+#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:3152
msgid "Surowiecki, Wisdom of Crowds, 200."
msgstr ""
#. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><sect1><sect2><para><footnote><para>
-#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:2945
+#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:3158
msgid "Bollier, Think Like a Commoner, 29."
msgstr ""
#. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><sect1><sect2><para>
-#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:2933
+#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:3143
msgid ""
"Communities that collaborate together take deliberate planning. Surowiecki "
"wrote, <quote>It takes a lot of work to put the group together. It’s "
msgstr ""
#. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><sect1><sect2><para>
-#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:2951
+#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:3165
msgid ""
"Community takes work, but working together, or even simply being connected "
"around common interests or values, is in many ways what sharing is about."
msgstr ""
#. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><sect1><sect2><title>
-#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:2957
+#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:3171
msgid "Give more to the commons than you take"
msgstr ""
#. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><sect1><sect2><para><footnote><para>
-#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:2968
+#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:3183
msgid ""
"Giana Eckhardt and Fleura Bardhi, <quote>The Sharing Economy Isn’t about "
"Sharing at All,</quote> Harvard Business Review (website), January 28, 2015, "
msgstr ""
#. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><sect1><sect2><para><footnote><para>
-#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:2976
+#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:3193
msgid ""
"Lisa Gansky, The Mesh: Why the Future of Business Is Sharing, reprint with "
"new epilogue (New York: Portfolio, 2012)."
msgstr ""
#. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><sect1><sect2><para>
-#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:2959
+#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:3173
msgid ""
"Conventional wisdom in the marketplace dictates that people should try to "
"extract as much money as possible from resources. This is essentially what "
msgstr ""
#. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><sect1><sect2><para><footnote><para>
-#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:2992
+#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:3211
msgid ""
"David Lee, <quote>Inside Medium: An Attempt to Bring Civility to the "
"Internet,</quote> BBC News, March 3, 2016, <ulink url=\"http://www.bbc.com/"
msgstr ""
#. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><sect1><sect2><para>
-#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:2982
+#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:3200
msgid ""
"Sharing requires adding as much or more value to the ecosystem than you "
"take. You can’t simply treat open content as a free pool of resources from "
msgstr ""
#. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><sect1><sect2><para>
-#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:3001
+#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:3221
msgid ""
"In all cases, it is important to openly acknowledge the amount of value you "
"add versus that which you draw on that was created by others. Being "
msgstr ""
#. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><sect1><sect2><title>
-#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:3012
+#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:3232
msgid "Involve people in what you do"
msgstr ""
#. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><sect1><sect2><para><footnote><para>
-#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:3017
+#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:3238
msgid "Anderson, Makers, 148."
msgstr ""
#. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><sect1><sect2><para><footnote><para>
-#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:3021
+#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:3244
msgid "Shirky, Cognitive Surplus, 164."
msgstr ""
#. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><sect1><sect2><para><footnote><para>
-#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:3028
-#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:3092
+#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:3253
+#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:3329
msgid "Whitehurst, foreword to Open Organization."
msgstr ""
#. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><sect1><sect2><para>
-#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:3014
+#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:3234
msgid ""
"Thanks to the Internet, we can tap into the talents and expertise of people "
"around the globe. Chris Anderson calls it the Long Tail of talent."
msgstr ""
#. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><sect1><sect2><para><footnote><para>
-#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:3041
+#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:3268
msgid "Shirky, Cognitive Surplus, 144."
msgstr ""
#. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><sect1><sect2><para>
-#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:3032
+#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:3258
msgid ""
"As the success of Wikipedia demonstrates, editing an online encyclopedia is "
"exactly the sort of activity that is perfect for massive co-creation because "
msgstr ""
#. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><sect1><sect2><para><quote><footnote><para>
-#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:3053
+#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:3282
msgid "Ibid., 154."
msgstr ""
#. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><sect1><sect2><para><footnote><para>
-#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:3065
+#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:3296
msgid "Palmer, Art of Asking, 163."
msgstr ""
#. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><sect1><sect2><para>
-#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:3045
+#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:3273
msgid ""
"It is easy to romanticize the opportunities for global cocreation made "
"possible by the Internet, and, indeed, the successful examples of it are "
"individual creators, where the creative work is the basis for what they do, "
"community cocreation is only rarely a part of the picture. Even musician "
"Amanda Palmer, who is famous for her openness and involvement with her fans, "
-"said, “The only department where I wasn’t open to input was the writing, the "
-"
music itself.</quote><placeholder type=\"footnote\" id=\"1\"/>"
+"said,</quote>The only department where I wasn’t open to input was the "
+"
writing, the music itself.\"<placeholder type=\"footnote\" id=\"1\"/>"
msgstr ""
#. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><sect1><sect2><para><footnote><para>
-#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:3076
+#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:3309
msgid "Anderson, Makers, 173."
msgstr ""
#. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><sect1><sect2><para><footnote><para>
-#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:3083
+#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:3318
msgid ""
"Tom Kelley and David Kelley, Creative Confidence: Unleashing the Potential "
"within Us All (New York: Crown, 2013), 82."
msgstr ""
#. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><sect1><sect2><para>
-#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:3069
+#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:3301
msgid ""
"While we tend to immediately think of cocreation and remixing when we hear "
"the word collaboration, you can also involve others in your creative process "
msgstr ""
#. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><sect1><sect2><para><footnote><para>
-#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:3100
+#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:3339
msgid ""
"Rachel Botsman and Roo Rogers, What’s Mine Is Yours: The Rise of "
"Collaborative Consumption (New York: Harper Business, 2010), 188."
msgstr ""
#. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><sect1><sect2><para>
-#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:3089
+#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:3325
msgid ""
"There is no one way to involve people in what you do. They key is finding a "
"way for people to contribute on their terms, compelled by their own "
msgstr ""
#. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><title>
-#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:3109
+#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:3350
#, fuzzy
msgid "The Creative Commons Licenses"
msgstr "## Gemaakt met Creative Commons"
#. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para>
-#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:3111
+#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:3352
msgid ""
"All of the Creative Commons licenses grant a basic set of permissions. At a "
"minimum, a CC- licensed work can be copied and shared in its original form "
msgstr ""
#. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para>
-#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:3125
+#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:3366
msgid "Here are the six licenses:"
msgstr ""
#. type: Attribute 'fileref' of: <book><part><chapter><para><inlinemediaobject><imageobject><imagedata>
-#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:3130
+#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:3371
msgid "Pictures/10000201000001930000008D83BF99FC0821C489.png"
msgstr ""
#. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para>
-#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:3128
-#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:3142
-#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:3158
-#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:3170
-#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:3183
-#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:3196
-#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:3216
-#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:3228
+#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:3369
+#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:3383
+#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:3399
+#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:3411
+#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:3424
+#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:3437
+#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:3457
+#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:3469
msgid "<placeholder type=\"inlinemediaobject\" id=\"0\"/>"
msgstr ""
#. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para>
-#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:3135
+#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:3376
msgid ""
"The Attribution license (CC BY) lets others distribute, remix, tweak, and "
"build upon your work, even commercially, as long as they credit you for the "
msgstr ""
#. type: Attribute 'fileref' of: <book><part><chapter><para><inlinemediaobject><imageobject><imagedata>
-#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:3144
+#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:3385
msgid "Pictures/10000201000001930000008DFD3592CB17C4EC38.png"
msgstr ""
#. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para>
-#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:3149
+#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:3390
msgid ""
"The Attribution-Share-Alike license (CC BY-SA) lets others remix, tweak, and "
"build upon your work, even for commercial purposes, as long as they credit "
msgstr ""
#. type: Attribute 'fileref' of: <book><part><chapter><para><inlinemediaobject><imageobject><imagedata>
-#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:3160
+#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:3401
msgid "Pictures/10000201000001930000008D254882DE24793FEA.png"
msgstr ""
#. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para>
-#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:3165
+#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:3406
msgid ""
"The Attribution-NoDerivs license (CC BY-ND) allows for redistribution, "
"commercial and noncommercial, as long as it is passed along unchanged with "
msgstr ""
#. type: Attribute 'fileref' of: <book><part><chapter><para><inlinemediaobject><imageobject><imagedata>
-#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:3172
+#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:3413
msgid "Pictures/10000201000001930000008DCAF78FB61D1CBDA6.png"
msgstr ""
#. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para>
-#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:3177
+#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:3418
msgid ""
"The Attribution-NonCommercial license (CC BY-NC) lets others remix, tweak, "
"and build upon your work noncommercially. Although their new works must also "
msgstr ""
#. type: Attribute 'fileref' of: <book><part><chapter><para><inlinemediaobject><imageobject><imagedata>
-#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:3185
+#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:3426
msgid "Pictures/10000201000001930000008D16DA603376395620.png"
msgstr ""
#. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para>
-#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:3190
+#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:3431
msgid ""
"The Attribution-NonCommercial-ShareAlike license (CC BY-NC-SA) lets others "
"remix, tweak, and build upon your work noncommercially, as long as they "
msgstr ""
#. type: Attribute 'fileref' of: <book><part><chapter><para><inlinemediaobject><imageobject><imagedata>
-#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:3198
+#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:3439
msgid "Pictures/10000201000001930000008DC3FEF92B21310965.png"
msgstr ""
#. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para>
-#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:3203
+#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:3444
msgid ""
"The Attribution-NonCommercial-NoDerivs license (CC BY-NC-ND) is the most "
"restrictive of our six main licenses, only allowing others to download your "
msgstr ""
#. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para>
-#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:3210
+#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:3451
msgid ""
"In addition to these six licenses, Creative Commons has two public-domain "
"tools—one for creators and the other for those who manage collections of "
msgstr ""
#. type: Attribute 'fileref' of: <book><part><chapter><para><inlinemediaobject><imageobject><imagedata>
-#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:3218
+#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:3459
msgid "Pictures/10000201000001900000008DBE3414994CD27786.png"
msgstr ""
#. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para>
-#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:3223
+#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:3464
msgid ""
"CC0 enables authors and copyright owners to dedicate their works to the "
"worldwide public domain (<quote>no rights reserved</quote>)."
msgstr ""
#. type: Attribute 'fileref' of: <book><part><chapter><para><inlinemediaobject><imageobject><imagedata>
-#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:3230
+#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:3471
msgid "Pictures/10000201000001900000008D36DCD649C5B1411F.png"
msgstr ""
#. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para>
-#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:3235
+#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:3476
msgid ""
"The Creative Commons Public Domain Mark facilitates the labeling and "
"discovery of works that are already free of known copyright restrictions."
msgstr ""
#. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para>
-#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:3240
+#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:3481
msgid ""
"In our case studies, some use just one Creative Commons license, others use "
"several. Attribution (found in thirteen case studies) and Attribution-"
msgstr ""
#. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para>
-#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:3251
+#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:3492
msgid ""
"There is a popular misconception that the three NonCommercial licenses "
"offered by CC are the only options for those who want to make money off "
msgstr ""
#. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para>
-#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:3265
+#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:3506
msgid ""
"The decision to choose a NonCommercial and/or NoDerivs license comes down to "
"how much you need to retain control over the creative work. The "
msgstr ""
#. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para>
-#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:3278
+#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:3519
msgid ""
"Other times the decision to use a more restrictive license is due to a "
"concern about the integrity of the work. For example, the nonprofit "
msgstr ""
#. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para>
-#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:3285
+#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:3526
msgid ""
"There is no one right way. The NonCommercial and NoDerivs restrictions "
"reflect the values and preferences of creators about how their creative work "
msgstr ""
#. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para>
-#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:3297
+#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:3538
msgid "Note"
msgstr ""
#. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para>
-#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:3300
+#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:3541
msgid ""
"For more about the licenses including examples and tips on sharing your work "
"in the digital commons, start with the Creative Commons page called "
-"<quote>Share Your Work</quote> at <ulink url=\"http://creativecommons.org/"
-"share-your-work/\"/>."
+"<quote>Share Your Work</quote> at"
+msgstr ""
+
+#. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para>
+#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:3546
+msgid "<ulink url=\"http://creativecommons.org/share-your-work/\"/>."
msgstr ""
#. type: Content of: <book><part><title>
-#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:3308
+#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:3551
msgid "The Case Studies"
msgstr ""
#. type: Content of: <book><part><partintro><para>
-#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:3311
+#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:3552
msgid ""
"The twenty-four case studies in this section were chosen from hundreds of "
"nominations received from Kickstarter backers, Creative Commons staff, and "
msgstr ""
#. type: Content of: <book><part><partintro><para>
-#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:3321
+#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:3561
msgid ""
"We did background research and conducted interviews for each case study, "
"based on the same set of basic questions about the endeavor. The idea for "
msgstr ""
#. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><title>
-#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:3329
+#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:3570
msgid "Arduino"
msgstr ""
#. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><blockquote><para>
-#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:3332
+#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:3573
msgid ""
"Arduino is a for-profit open-source electronics platform and computer "
"hardware and software company. Founded in 2005 in Italy."
msgstr ""
#. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><blockquote><para>
-#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:3337
+#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:3578
msgid "<ulink url=\"http://www.arduino.cc\"/>"
msgstr ""
#. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><blockquote><para>
-#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:3339
+#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:3581
msgid ""
"<emphasis role=\"strong\">Revenue model</emphasis>: charging for physical "
"copies (sales of boards, modules, shields, and kits), licensing a trademark "
msgstr ""
#. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><blockquote><para>
-#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:3344
-#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:4195
+#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:3587
+#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:4468
msgid "<emphasis role=\"strong\">Interview date</emphasis>: February 4, 2016"
msgstr ""
#. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><blockquote><para>
-#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:3347
+#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:3591
msgid ""
"<emphasis role=\"strong\">Interviewees</emphasis>: David Cuartielles and Tom "
"Igoe, cofounders"
msgstr ""
#. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><blockquote><para>
-#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:3351
-#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:4202
-#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:4638
-#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:4880
-#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:5162
-#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:5472
-#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:5985
-#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:6239
-#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:6561
-#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:6913
-#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:7457
-#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:7741
-#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:8211
-#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:8992
+#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:3595
+#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:4476
+#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:4923
+#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:5184
+#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:5489
+#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:5815
+#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:6342
+#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:6612
+#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:6958
+#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:7330
+#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:7895
+#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:8191
+#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:8688
+#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:9498
msgid "Profile written by Paul Stacey"
msgstr ""
#. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para>
-#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:3355
+#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:3599
msgid ""
"In 2005, at the Interaction Design Institute Ivrea in northern Italy, "
"teachers and students needed an easy way to use electronics and programming "
msgstr ""
#. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para>
-#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:3369
+#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:3613
msgid ""
"Arduino boards are able to read inputs—light on a sensor, a finger on a "
"button, or a Twitter message—and turn it into outputs—activating a motor, "
msgstr ""
#. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para>
-#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:3378
+#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:3623
msgid ""
"<quote>The reasons for making Arduino open source are complicated,</quote> "
"Tom says. Partly it was about supporting flexibility. The open-source nature "
msgstr ""
#. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para>
-#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:3387
+#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:3632
msgid ""
"For Tom another factor was the impending closure of the Ivrea design school. "
"He’d seen other organizations close their doors and all their work and "
msgstr ""
#. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para>
-#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:3397
+#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:3642
msgid ""
"With the school closing, David and some of the other Arduino founders "
"started a consulting firm and multidisciplinary design studio they called "
msgstr ""
#. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para>
-#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:3406
+#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:3651
msgid ""
"For Tom, part of Arduino’s success is because the founders made themselves "
"the first customer of their product. They made products they themselves "
msgstr ""
#. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para>
-#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:3414
+#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:3659
msgid ""
"Arduino’s business model has evolved over time—and Tom says model is a "
"grandiose term for it. Originally, they just wanted to make a few boards and "
msgstr ""
#. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para>
-#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:3428
+#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:3673
msgid ""
"Arduino now has a worldwide community of makers—students, hobbyists, "
"artists, programmers, and professionals. Arduino provides a wiki called "
msgstr ""
#. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para>
-#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:3442
+#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:3687
msgid ""
"Transitioning Arduino from a project to a company was a big step. Other "
"businesses who made boards were charging a lot of money for them. Arduino "
msgstr ""
#. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para>
-#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:3450
+#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:3695
msgid ""
"For a business, getting to the end of the year and not being in the red is a "
"success. Arduino may have an open-licensing strategy, but they are still a "
msgstr ""
#. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para>
-#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:3458
+#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:3703
msgid ""
"While openly licensing the designs, documentation, and software ensures "
"longevity, it does have risks. There’s a possibility that others will create "
msgstr ""
#. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para>
-#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:3470
+#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:3715
msgid ""
"Tom and David say that a lot of people have built companies off of Arduino, "
"with dozens of Arduino derivatives out there. But in contrast to closed "
msgstr ""
#. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para><footnote><para>
-#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:3490
+#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:3737
msgid "<ulink url=\"http://www.arduino.cc/en/Main/Products\"/>"
msgstr ""
#. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para>
-#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:3481
+#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:3726
msgid ""
"Over time, the range of Arduino products has diversified, changing and "
"adapting to new needs and challenges. In addition to simple entry level "
msgstr ""
#. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para>
-#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:3493
+#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:3742
msgid ""
"Arduino’s focus is on high-quality boards, well-designed support materials, "
"and the building of community; this focus is one of the keys to their "
msgstr ""
#. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para>
-#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:3506
+#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:3755
msgid ""
"A key decision for Arduino was trademarking the name. The founders needed a "
"way to guarantee to people that they were buying a quality product from a "
msgstr ""
#. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para>
-#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:3518
+#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:3767
msgid ""
"Current official manufacturers are Smart Projects in Italy, SparkFun in the "
"United States, and Dog Hunter in Taiwan/China. These are the only "
msgstr ""
#. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para>
-#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:3528
+#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:3777
msgid ""
"How far to open things up wasn’t always something the founders perfectly "
"agreed on. David, who was always one to advocate for opening things up more, "
msgstr ""
#. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para><footnote><para>
-#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:3549
+#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:3800
msgid "<ulink url=\"http://blog.arduino.cc/2013/07/10/send-in-the-clones/\"/>"
msgstr ""
#. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para>
-#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:3537
+#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:3786
msgid ""
"David encourages people and businesses to start by sharing everything as a "
"default strategy, and then think about whether there is anything that really "
msgstr ""
#. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para>
-#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:3552
+#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:3805
msgid ""
"For David, an exciting aspect of Arduino is the way lots of people can use "
"it to adapt technology in many different ways. Technology is always making "
msgstr ""
#. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para>
-#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:3560
+#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:3813
msgid ""
"Arduino has been hugely successful in making technology and electronics "
"reach a larger audience. For Tom, Arduino has been about <quote>the "
msgstr ""
#. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para>
-#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:3568
+#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:3821
msgid ""
"Ultimately, for Arduino, going open has been good business—good for product "
"development, good for distribution, good for pricing, and good for "
msgstr ""
#. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><title>
-#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:3574
+#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:3828
msgid "Ártica"
msgstr ""
#. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><blockquote><para>
-#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:3577
+#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:3831
msgid ""
"Ártica provides online courses and consulting services focused on how to use "
"digital technology to share knowledge and enable collaboration in arts and "
msgstr ""
#. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><blockquote><para>
-#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:3582
+#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:3836
msgid "<ulink url=\"http://www.articaonline.com\"/>"
msgstr ""
#. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><blockquote><para>
-#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:3584
+#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:3839
msgid ""
"<emphasis role=\"strong\">Revenue model</emphasis>: charging for custom "
"services"
msgstr ""
#. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><blockquote><para>
-#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:3587
+#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:3843
msgid "<emphasis role=\"strong\">Interview date</emphasis>: March 9, 2016"
msgstr ""
#. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><blockquote><para>
-#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:3589
+#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:3846
msgid ""
"<emphasis role=\"strong\">Interviewees</emphasis>: Mariana Fossatti and "
"Jorge Gemetto, cofounders"
msgstr ""
#. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><blockquote><para>
-#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:3593
-#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:3784
-#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:3980
-#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:4401
-#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:5774
-#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:7225
-#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:8009
-#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:8537
-#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:8759
-#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:9230
+#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:3850
+#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:4045
+#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:4244
+#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:4683
+#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:6125
+#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:7653
+#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:8483
+#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:9034
+#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:9262
+#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:9748
msgid "Profile written by Sarah Hinchliff Pearson"
msgstr ""
#. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para>
-#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:3597
+#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:3854
msgid ""
"The story of Mariana Fossatti and Jorge Gemetto’s business, Ártica, is the "
"ultimate example of DIY. Not only are they successful entrepreneurs, the "
msgstr ""
#. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para>
-#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:3603
+#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:3860
msgid "Their dream jobs didn’t exist, so they created them."
msgstr ""
#. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para>
-#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:3606
+#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:3863
msgid ""
"In 2011, Mariana was a sociologist working for an international organization "
"to develop research and online education about rural-development issues. "
msgstr ""
#. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para>
-#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:3618
+#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:3875
msgid ""
"Ártica feels like a uniquely twenty-first century business. The small "
"company has a global online presence with no physical offices. Jorge and "
msgstr ""
#. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para>
-#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:3631
+#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:3888
msgid ""
"Ártica offers personalized education and consulting services, and helps "
"clients implement projects. All of these services are customized. They call "
msgstr ""
#. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para>
-#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:3642
+#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:3899
msgid ""
"When they started, they offered a smaller number of courses designed to "
"attract large audiences. <quote>Over the years, we realized that online "
msgstr ""
#. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para>
-#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:3651
+#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:3908
msgid ""
"Online courses are their biggest revenue stream, but they also do more than "
"a dozen consulting projects each year, ranging from digitization to event "
msgstr ""
#. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para>
-#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:3659
+#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:3916
msgid ""
"Ártica also seeks out public and private funding for specific projects. "
"Sometimes, even if they are unsuccessful in subsidizing a project like a new "
msgstr ""
#. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para>
-#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:3667
+#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:3924
msgid ""
"Ártica relies heavily on their free Creative Commons–licensed content to "
"attract new students and clients. Everything they create—online education, "
msgstr ""
#. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para>
-#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:3683
+#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:3940
msgid ""
"They also believe sharing their ideas and expertise openly helps them build "
"their reputation and visibility. People often share and cite their work. A "
msgstr ""
#. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para>
-#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:3691
+#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:3948
msgid ""
"This belief that openness creates new opportunities reflects another belief—"
"in serendipity. When describing their process for creating content, they "
msgstr ""
#. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para>
-#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:3702
+#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:3959
msgid ""
"Rather than planning their work in advance, they let their creative process "
"be dynamic. <quote>This doesn’t mean that we don’t need to work hard in "
msgstr ""
#. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para>
-#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:3712
+#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:3969
msgid ""
"People and relationships are also just as important, sometimes more. "
"<quote>In the educational and cultural business, it is more important to pay "
msgstr ""
#. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para>
-#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:3720
+#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:3977
msgid ""
"Ártica believes in the power of the network. They seek to make connections "
"with people and institutions across the globe so they can learn from them "
msgstr ""
#. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para>
-#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:3725
+#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:3982
msgid ""
"At the core of everything Ártica does is a set of values. <quote>Good "
"content is not enough,</quote> Jorge said. <quote>We also think that it is "
msgstr ""
#. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para>
-#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:3739
+#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:3996
msgid ""
"Of course, Ártica also has to make enough money to cover its expenses. Human "
"resources are, by far, their biggest expense. They tap a network of "
msgstr ""
#. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para>
-#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:3747
+#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:4005
msgid ""
"<quote>There are lots of people offering online courses,</quote> Jorge said. "
"<quote>But it is easy to differentiate us. We have an approach that is very "
msgstr ""
#. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para>
-#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:3755
+#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:4013
msgid ""
"In their work with younger artists, Mariana and Jorge try to emphasize that "
"this model of success is just as valuable as the picture of success we get "
msgstr ""
#. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><title>
-#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:3764
+#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:4022
msgid "Blender Institute"
msgstr ""
#. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><blockquote><para>
-#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:3767
+#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:4025
msgid ""
"The Blender Institute is an animation studio that creates 3-D films using "
"Blender software. Founded in 2006 in the Netherlands."
msgstr ""
#. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><blockquote><para>
-#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:3772
+#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:4030
msgid "<ulink url=\"http://www.blender.org\"/>"
msgstr ""
#. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><blockquote><para>
-#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:3774
+#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:4033
msgid ""
"<emphasis role=\"strong\">Revenue model</emphasis>: crowdfunding "
"(subscription-based), charging for physical copies, selling merchandise"
msgstr ""
#. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><blockquote><para>
-#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:3778
+#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:4038
msgid "<emphasis role=\"strong\">Interview date</emphasis>: March 8, 2016"
msgstr ""
#. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><blockquote><para>
-#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:3780
+#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:4041
msgid ""
"<emphasis role=\"strong\">Interviewee</emphasis>: Francesco Siddi, "
"production coordinator"
msgstr ""
#. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para>
-#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:3788
+#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:4049
msgid ""
"For Ton Roosendaal, the creator of Blender software and its related "
"entities, sharing is practical. Making their 3-D content creation software "
msgstr ""
#. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para>
-#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:3799
+#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:4060
msgid ""
"Each open-movie project Blender runs produces a host of openly licensed "
"outputs, not just the final film itself but all of the source material as "
msgstr ""
#. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para>
-#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:3809
+#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:4070
msgid ""
"Rather than just talking about the theoretical benefits of sharing and free "
"culture, Ton is very much about doing and making free culture. Blender’s "
msgstr ""
#. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para>
-#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:3816
+#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:4077
msgid ""
"Blender’s history begins in the late 1990s, when Ton created the Blender "
"software. Originally, the software was an in-house resource for his "
msgstr ""
#. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para>
-#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:3827
+#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:4088
msgid ""
"This was long before Kickstarter and other online crowdfunding sites "
"existed, but Ton ran his own version of a crowdfunding campaign and quickly "
msgstr ""
#. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para>
-#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:3840
+#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:4101
msgid ""
"Like any successful free and open-source software project, Blender developed "
"quickly because the community could make fixes and improvements. "
msgstr ""
#. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para>
-#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:3849
+#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:4110
msgid ""
"After a few years, Ton began looking for new ways to push development of the "
"software. He came up with the idea of creating CC-licensed films using the "
msgstr ""
#. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para>
-#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:3859
+#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:4120
msgid ""
"They turned to crowdfunding to subsidize the costs of the project. They had "
"about twenty people working full-time for six to ten months, so the costs "
msgstr ""
#. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para>
-#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:3869
+#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:4130
msgid ""
"The first film, which was released in 2006, was an experiment. It was so "
"successful that Ton decided to set up the Blender Institute, an entity "
msgstr ""
#. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para>
-#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:3877
+#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:4138
msgid ""
"Francesco said that, over time, the Blender Institute projects have gotten "
"bigger and more prominent. That means the filmmaking process has become more "
msgstr ""
#. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para>
-#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:3890
+#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:4151
msgid ""
"Blender has had a lot of success raising money from its community over the "
"years. In many ways, the pitch has gotten easier to make. Not only is "
msgstr ""
#. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para>
-#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:3899
+#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:4160
msgid ""
"While these benefits of each open-movie project make a compelling pitch for "
"crowdfunding campaigns, Francesco told us the Blender Institute has found "
msgstr ""
#. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para>
-#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:3908
+#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:4169
msgid ""
"To make their work more sustainable, they needed a way to receive ongoing "
"support rather than on a project-by-project basis. Their solution is Blender "
msgstr ""
#. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para>
-#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:3923
+#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:4184
msgid ""
"The continuous financial support provided by Blender Cloud subsidizes five "
"to six full-time employees at the Blender Institute. Francesco says their "
msgstr ""
#. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para>
-#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:3930
+#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:4191
msgid ""
"Blender Cloud is the primary revenue stream of the Blender Institute. The "
"Blender Foundation is funded primarily by donations, and that money goes "
msgstr ""
#. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para>
-#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:3939
+#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:4200
msgid ""
"Ton has worked on projects relating to his Blender software for nearly "
"twenty years. Throughout most of that time, he has been committed to making "
msgstr ""
#. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para>
-#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:3946
+#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:4207
msgid ""
"Since 2006, he has been making films available along with all of their "
"source material. He says he has hardly ever seen people stepping into "
msgstr ""
#. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para>
-#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:3956
+#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:4217
msgid "For Ton and Blender, it all comes back to doing."
msgstr ""
#. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><title>
-#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:3960
+#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:4221
msgid "Cards Against Humanity"
msgstr ""
#. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><blockquote><para>
-#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:3963
+#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:4224
msgid ""
"Cards Against Humanity is a private, for-profit company that makes a popular "
"party game by the same name. Founded in 2011 in the U.S."
msgstr ""
#. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><blockquote><para>
-#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:3968
+#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:4229
msgid "<ulink url=\"http://www.cardsagainsthumanity.com\"/>"
msgstr ""
#. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><blockquote><para>
-#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:3970
+#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:4232
msgid ""
"<emphasis role=\"strong\">Revenue model</emphasis>: charging for physical "
"copies"
msgstr ""
#. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><blockquote><para>
-#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:3973
+#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:4236
msgid "<emphasis role=\"strong\">Interview date</emphasis>: February 3, 2016"
msgstr ""
#. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><blockquote><para>
-#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:3976
+#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:4240
msgid "<emphasis role=\"strong\">Interviewee</emphasis>: Max Temkin, cofounder"
msgstr ""
#. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para>
-#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:3984
+#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:4248
msgid ""
"If you ask cofounder Max Temkin, there is nothing particularly interesting "
"about the Cards Against Humanity business model. <quote>We make a product. "
msgstr ""
#. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para>
-#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:3990
+#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:4254
msgid ""
"He is right. Cards Against Humanity is a simple party game, modeled after "
"the game Apples to Apples. To play, one player asks a question or fill-in-"
msgstr ""
#. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para>
-#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:4000
+#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:4264
msgid ""
"The revenue model is simple. Physical copies of the game are sold for a "
"profit. And it works. At the time of this writing, Cards Against Humanity is "
msgstr ""
#. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para>
-#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:4008
+#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:4272
msgid ""
"But Cards Against Humanity is also available for free. Anyone can download a "
"digital version of the game on the Cards Against Humanity website. More than "
msgstr ""
#. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para>
-#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:4014
+#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:4278
msgid ""
"The game is available under an Attribution-NonCommercial-ShareAlike license "
"(CC BY-NC-SA). That means, in addition to copying the game, anyone can "
msgstr ""
#. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para>
-#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:4022
+#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:4286
msgid ""
"All together, these factors—the crass tone of the game and company, the free "
-"download, the openness to fans remixing the game—give the game a massive "
-"cult following."
+"download, the"
+msgstr ""
+
+#. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para>
+#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:4290
+msgid "openness to fans remixing the game—give"
msgstr ""
#. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para>
-#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:4027
+#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:4293
+msgid "the game a massive cult following."
+msgstr ""
+
+#. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para>
+#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:4296
msgid ""
"Their success is not the result of a grand plan. Instead, Cards Against "
"Humanity was the last in a long line of games and comedy projects that Max "
msgstr ""
#. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para>
-#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:4040
+#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:4309
msgid ""
"The game caught on quickly, and it has only grown more popular over time. "
"Max says the eight founders never had a meeting where they decided to make "
msgstr ""
#. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para>
-#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:4046
+#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:4315
msgid ""
"But this tale of a <quote>happy accident</quote> belies marketing genius. "
"Just like the game, the Cards Against Humanity brand is irreverent and "
msgstr ""
#. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para>
-#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:4052
+#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:4321
msgid ""
"Like most quality satire, however, there is more to the joke than vulgarity "
"and shock value. The company’s marketing efforts around Black Friday "
msgstr ""
#. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para>
-#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:4065
+#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:4335
msgid ""
"<quote>We sweated it out the night before Black Friday, wondering if our "
"fans were going to hate us for it,</quote> he said. <quote>But it made us "
msgstr ""
#. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para>
-#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:4071
+#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:4341
msgid ""
"This sort of bold transparency delights the media, but more importantly, it "
"engages their fans. <quote>One of the most surprising things you can do in "
msgstr ""
#. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para>
-#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:4078
+#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:4348
msgid ""
"Max also likened it to a grand improv scene. <quote>If we do something a "
"little subversive and unexpected, the public wants to be a part of the joke."
msgstr ""
#. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para>
-#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:4086
+#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:4356
msgid ""
"This remarkable trust they have in their customers is what inspired their "
"decision to apply a Creative Commons license to the game. Trusting your "
msgstr ""
#. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para>
-#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:4099
+#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:4369
msgid ""
"Any successful product inspires its biggest fans to create remixes of it, "
"but unsanctioned adaptations are more likely to fly under the radar. The "
msgstr ""
#. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para>
-#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:4107
+#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:4377
msgid ""
"Max said, <quote>CC was a no-brainer for us because it gets the most people "
"involved. Making the game free and available under a CC license led to the "
msgstr ""
#. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para>
-#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:4114
+#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:4384
msgid ""
"Of course, there are limits to what the company allows its customers to do "
"with the game. They chose the Attribution-NonCommercial-ShareAlike license "
msgstr ""
#. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para>
-#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:4128
+#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:4398
msgid ""
"Just as there is more than meets the eye to the Cards Against Humanity "
"business model, the same can be said of the game itself. To be playable, "
msgstr ""
#. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para>
-#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:4139
+#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:4409
msgid ""
"That means cocreation with their fans really doesn’t work. The company has a "
"submission mechanism on their website, and they get thousands of "
msgstr ""
#. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para>
-#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:4150
+#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:4420
msgid ""
"For all of their success, the creators of Cards Against Humanity are only "
"partially motivated by money. Max says they have always been interested in "
msgstr ""
#. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para>
-#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:4157
+#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:4427
msgid ""
"In fact, the company has given more than $4 million to various charities and "
"causes. <quote>Cards is not our life plan,</quote> Max said. <quote>We all "
msgstr ""
#. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para>
-#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:4166
+#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:4436
msgid ""
"Seeing money as fuel rather than the ultimate goal is what has enabled them "
"to embrace Creative Commons licensing without reservation. CC licensing "
msgstr ""
#. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para>
-#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:4173
+#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:4444
msgid ""
"<quote>It’s not right for everyone to release everything under CC licensing,"
"</quote> Max said. <quote>If your only goal is to make a lot of money, then "
msgstr ""
#. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><title>
-#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:4181
+#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:4452
msgid "The Conversation"
msgstr ""
#. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><blockquote><para>
-#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:4184
+#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:4455
msgid ""
"The Conversation is an independent source of news, sourced from the academic "
"and research community and delivered direct to the public over the Internet. "
msgstr ""
#. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><blockquote><para>
-#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:4189
+#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:4460
msgid "<ulink url=\"http://theconversation.com\"/>"
msgstr ""
#. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><blockquote><para>
-#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:4191
+#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:4463
msgid ""
"<emphasis role=\"strong\">Revenue model</emphasis>: charging content "
"creators (universities pay membership fees to have their faculties serve as "
msgstr ""
#. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><blockquote><para>
-#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:4198
+#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:4472
msgid ""
"<emphasis role=\"strong\">Interviewee</emphasis>: Andrew Jaspan, founder"
msgstr ""
#. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para>
-#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:4206
+#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:4480
msgid ""
"Andrew Jaspan spent years as an editor of major newspapers including the "
"Observer in London, the Sunday Herald in Glasgow, and the Age in Melbourne, "
msgstr ""
#. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para>
-#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:4216
+#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:4490
msgid ""
"Around the time he left his job as editor of the Melbourne Age, Andrew "
"wondered where citizens would get news grounded in fact and evidence rather "
msgstr ""
#. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para>
-#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:4223
+#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:4497
msgid ""
"While at the Age, he’d become friends with a vice-chancellor of a university "
"in Melbourne who encouraged him to talk to smart people across campus—an "
msgstr ""
#. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para>
-#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:4244
+#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:4518
msgid ""
"Andrew believed he could to help connect academics back into the public "
"arena, and maybe help society find solutions to big problems. He thought "
msgstr ""
#. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para>
-#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:4257
+#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:4531
msgid ""
"The people he spoke to liked this idea, and Andrew embarked on raising money "
"and support with the help of the Commonwealth Scientific and Industrial "
msgstr ""
#. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para>
-#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:4270
+#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:4544
msgid ""
"The Conversation is founded on the belief that underpinning a functioning "
"democracy is access to independent, high-quality, informative journalism. "
msgstr ""
#. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para><footnote><para>
-#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:4283
+#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:4559
msgid "<ulink url=\"http://theconversation.com/us/charter\"/>"
msgstr ""
#. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para>
-#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:4281
+#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:4555
msgid ""
"Andrew worked hard to reinvent a methodology for creating reliable, credible "
"content. He introduced strict new working practices, a charter, and codes of "
msgstr ""
#. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para>
-#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:4296
+#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:4574
msgid ""
"Creative Commons help with these goals; articles are published with the "
"Attribution- NoDerivs license (CC BY-ND). They’re freely available for "
msgstr ""
#. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para>
-#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:4308
+#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:4586
msgid ""
"When readers come across the Conversation, they seem to like what they find "
"and recommend it to their friends, peers, and networks. Readership has "
msgstr ""
#. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para>
-#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:4316
+#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:4594
msgid ""
"It’s usual for the founders of any company to ask themselves what kind of "
"company it should be. It quickly became clear to the founders of the "
msgstr ""
#. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para>
-#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:4325
+#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:4603
msgid ""
"There are now different editions of the Conversation for Africa, the United "
"Kingdom, France, and the United States, in addition to the one for "
msgstr ""
#. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para>
-#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:4335
+#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:4613
msgid ""
"Additionally, each edition has its own set of founding partners, strategic "
"partners, and funders. They’ve received funding from foundations, "
msgstr ""
#. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para>
-#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:4344
+#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:4622
msgid ""
"When professors from member universities write an article, there is some "
"branding of the university associated with the article. On the Conversation "
msgstr ""
#. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para>
-#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:4352
+#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:4630
msgid ""
"Academics are not paid for their contributions, but they get free editing "
"from a professional (four to five hours per piece, on average). They also "
msgstr ""
#. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para>
-#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:4362
+#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:4640
msgid ""
"The Conversation plans to expand the dashboard to show not just reach but "
"impact. This tracks activities, behaviors, and events that occurred as a "
msgstr ""
#. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para>
-#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:4370
+#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:4648
msgid ""
"These reach and impact metrics show the benefits of membership. With the "
"Conversation, universities can engage with the public and show why they’re "
msgstr ""
#. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para>
-#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:4375
+#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:4653
msgid ""
"With its tagline, <quote>Academic Rigor, Journalistic Flair,</quote> the "
"Conversation represents a new form of journalism that contributes to a more "
msgstr ""
#. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><title>
-#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:4384
+#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:4663
msgid "Cory Doctorow"
msgstr ""
#. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><blockquote><para>
-#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:4387
+#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:4666
msgid ""
"Cory Doctorow is a science fiction writer, activist, blogger, and "
"journalist. Based in the U.S."
msgstr ""
#. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><blockquote><para>
-#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:4390
+#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:4670
msgid ""
"<ulink url=\"http://craphound.com\"/> and <ulink url=\"http://boingboing.net"
"\"/>"
msgstr ""
#. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><blockquote><para>
-#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:4393
+#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:4674
msgid ""
"<emphasis role=\"strong\">Revenue model</emphasis>: charging for physical "
"copies (book sales), pay-what-you-want, selling translation rights to books"
msgstr ""
#. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><blockquote><para>
-#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:4397
+#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:4679
msgid "<emphasis role=\"strong\">Interview date</emphasis>: January 12, 2016"
msgstr ""
#. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para>
-#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:4405
+#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:4687
msgid ""
"Cory Doctorow hates the term <quote>business model,</quote> and he is "
"adamant that he is not a brand. <quote>To me, branding is the idea that you "
msgstr ""
#. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para>
-#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:4414
+#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:4696
msgid ""
"Cory calls himself an entrepreneur. He likes to say his success came from "
"making stuff people happened to like and then getting out of the way of them "
msgstr ""
#. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para>
-#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:4419
+#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:4701
msgid ""
"He is a science fiction writer, activist, blogger, and journalist. "
"Beginning with his first novel, Down and Out in the Magic Kingdom, in 2003, "
msgstr ""
#. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para>
-#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:4430
+#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:4712
msgid ""
"Cory primarily makes money by selling physical books, but he also takes on "
"paid speaking gigs and is experimenting with pay-what-you-want models for "
msgstr ""
#. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para>
-#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:4435
+#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:4717
msgid ""
"While Cory’s extensive body of fiction work has a large following, he is "
"just as well known for his activism. He is an outspoken opponent of "
msgstr ""
#. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para>
-#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:4452
+#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:4734
msgid ""
"Cory has been financially successful, but money is not his primary "
"motivation. At the start of his book Information Doesn’t Want to Be Free, he "
msgstr ""
#. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para>
-#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:4466
+#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:4748
msgid ""
"Just as money is not his primary motivation to create, money is not his "
"primary motivation to share. For Cory, sharing his work with Creative "
msgstr ""
#. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para>
-#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:4476
+#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:4758
msgid ""
"He also feels like there is a solid commercial basis for licensing his work "
"with Creative Commons. While he acknowledges he hasn’t been able to do a "
msgstr ""
#. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para>
-#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:4486
+#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:4768
msgid ""
"Cory started using CC licenses soon after they were first created. At the "
"time his first novel came out, he says the science fiction genre was overrun "
msgstr ""
#. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para>
-#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:4499
+#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:4781
msgid ""
"Cory admits the stakes were pretty low for him when he first adopted "
"Creative Commons licenses. He only had to sell two thousand copies of his "
msgstr ""
#. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para>
-#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:4507
+#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:4789
msgid ""
"The bottom line, Cory says, is that no one has found a way to prevent people "
"from copying the stuff they like. Rather than fighting the tide, Cory makes "
msgstr ""
#. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para>
-#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:4515
+#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:4797
msgid ""
"Making his work available under Creative Commons licenses enables him to "
"view his biggest fans as his ambassadors. <quote>Being open to fan activity "
msgstr ""
#. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para>
-#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:4530
+#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:4812
msgid ""
"His first book was published under the most restrictive Creative Commons "
"license, Attribution-NonCommercial-NoDerivs (CC BY-NC-ND). It allows only "
msgstr ""
#. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para>
-#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:4545
+#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:4827
msgid ""
"In his book Information Doesn’t Want to Be Free, Cory likens his philosophy "
"to thinking like a dandelion. Dandelions produce thousands of seeds each "
msgstr ""
#. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para>
-#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:4560
+#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:4842
msgid ""
"Applying a CC license to his work increases the chances it will be shared "
"more widely around the Web. He avoids DRM—and openly opposes the practice—"
msgstr ""
#. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para>
-#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:4571
+#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:4853
msgid ""
"Cory operates under the premise that artists benefit when there are more, "
"rather than fewer, places where people can access their work. The Internet "
msgstr ""
#. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para>
-#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:4582
+#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:4864
msgid ""
"Cory says his e-book sales have been lower than those of his competitors, "
"and he attributes some of that to the CC license making the work available "
msgstr ""
#. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para>
-#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:4593
+#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:4875
msgid ""
"Fans are particularly willing to pay when they feel personally connected to "
"the artist. Cory works hard to create that personal connection. One way he "
msgstr ""
#. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para>
-#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:4605
+#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:4887
msgid ""
"Cory’s realism about the difficulty of making a living in the arts does not "
"reflect pessimism about the Internet age. Instead, he says the fact that it "
msgstr ""
#. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para>
-#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:4613
+#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:4895
msgid "It has never been easier to think like a dandelion."
msgstr ""
#. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><title>
-#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:4617
+#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:4899
msgid "Figshare"
msgstr ""
#. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><blockquote><para>
-#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:4620
+#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:4902
msgid ""
"Figshare is a for-profit company offering an online repository where "
"researchers can preserve and share the output of their research, including "
msgstr ""
#. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><blockquote><para>
-#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:4626
+#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:4908
msgid "<ulink url=\"http://figshare.com\"/>"
msgstr ""
#. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><blockquote><para>
-#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:4628
+#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:4911
msgid ""
"<emphasis role=\"strong\">Revenue model</emphasis>: platform providing paid "
"services to creators"
msgstr ""
#. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><blockquote><para>
-#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:4631
+#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:4915
msgid "<emphasis role=\"strong\">Interview date</emphasis>: January 28, 2016"
msgstr ""
#. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><blockquote><para>
-#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:4634
+#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:4919
msgid "<emphasis role=\"strong\">Interviewee</emphasis>: Mark Hahnel, founder"
msgstr ""
#. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para>
-#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:4642
+#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:4927
msgid ""
"Figshare’s mission is to change the face of academic publishing through "
"improved dissemination, discoverability, and reusability of scholarly "
msgstr ""
#. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para>
-#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:4653
+#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:4938
msgid ""
"Figshare founder Mark Hahnel often gets asked: How do you make money? How do "
"we know you’ll be here in five years? Can you, as a for-profit venture, be "
msgstr ""
#. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para>
-#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:4658
+#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:4943
msgid ""
"Mark traces the origins of Figshare back to when he was a graduate student "
"getting his PhD in stem cell biology. His research involved working with "
msgstr ""
#. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para>
-#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:4667
+#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:4952
msgid ""
"Mark does not consider himself an advanced software programmer. "
"Fortunately, things like cloud-based computing and wikis had become "
msgstr ""
#. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para>
-#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:4674
+#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:4959
msgid ""
"There were two key needs: licenses to make the data citable, and persistent "
"identifiers— URL links that always point back to the original object "
msgstr ""
#. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para>
-#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:4680
+#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:4965
msgid ""
"Mark chose Digital Object Identifiers (DOIs) to meet the need for a "
"persistent identifier. In the DOI system, an object’s metadata is stored as "
msgstr ""
#. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para>
-#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:4689
+#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:4974
msgid ""
"As for licenses, Mark chose Creative Commons. The open-access and open-"
"science communities were already using and recommending Creative Commons. "
msgstr ""
#. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para>
-#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:4697
+#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:4982
msgid ""
"So Mark began using DOIs and Creative Commons for his own research work. He "
"had a science blog where he wrote about it and made all his data open. "
msgstr ""
#. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para>
-#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:4703
+#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:4988
msgid ""
"People liked the interface and simple upload process. People started asking "
"if they could also share theses, grant proposals, and code. Inclusion of "
msgstr ""
#. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para>
-#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:4711
+#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:4996
msgid ""
"Mark sought investment to make this into a scalable product. After a few "
"unsuccessful funding pitches, UK-based Digital Science expressed interest "
msgstr ""
#. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para>
-#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:4718
+#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:5003
msgid ""
"Under the freemium model, academics upload their research to Figshare for "
"storage and sharing for free. Each research object is licensed with Creative "
msgstr ""
#. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para>
-#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:4730
+#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:5015
msgid ""
"In January 2012, Figshare was launched. (The fig in Figshare stands for "
"figures.) Using investment funds, Mark made significant improvements to "
msgstr ""
#. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para>
-#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:4740
+#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:5025
msgid ""
"Figshare diversified its business model to include services for journals. "
"Figshare began hosting large amounts of data for the journals’ online "
"this functionality as part of their own infrastructure. Figshare-hosted data "
"also provides a link back to the article, generating additional click-"
"through and readership—a benefit to both journal publishers and "
-"researchers. Figshare now provides research-data infrastructure for a wide "
-"variety of publishers including Wiley, Springer Nature, PLOS, and Taylor and "
-"Francis, to name a few, and has convinced them to use Creative Commons "
-"licenses for the data."
+"researchers. Figshare now provides"
msgstr ""
#. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para>
-#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:4754
+#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:5036
+msgid ""
+"research-data infrastructure for a wide variety of publishers including "
+"Wiley, Springer Nature, PLOS, and Taylor and Francis, to name a few, and has "
+"convinced them to use Creative Commons licenses for the data."
+msgstr ""
+
+#. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para>
+#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:5042
msgid ""
"Governments allocate significant public funds to research. In parallel with "
"the launch of Figshare, governments around the world began requesting the "
msgstr ""
#. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para>
-#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:4764
+#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:5052
msgid ""
"Figshare now offers a range of fee-based services to institutions, including "
"their own minibranded Figshare space (called Figshare for Institutions) that "
msgstr ""
#. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para>
-#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:4774
+#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:5062
msgid ""
"As with researchers and publishers, Fig-share encouraged institutions to "
"share their research with CC BY (Attribution) and their data with CC0 (into "
msgstr ""
#. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para>
-#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:4787
+#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:5075
msgid ""
"For Mark this created a conflict. On the one hand, the principles and "
"benefits of open science are at the heart of Figshare, and Mark believes CC "
msgstr ""
#. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para>
-#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:4797
+#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:5085
msgid ""
"Mark is thinking of doing a Figshare study that tracks research "
"dissemination according to Creative Commons license, and gathering metrics "
msgstr ""
#. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para><footnote><para>
-#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:4810
+#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:5100
msgid ""
"<ulink url=\"http://figshare.com/articles/"
"Journal_subscription_costs_FOIs_to_UK_universities/1186832\"/>"
msgstr ""
#. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para><footnote><para>
-#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:4813
+#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:5107
msgid ""
"<ulink url=\"http://retr0.shinyapps.io/journal_costs/?year=2014&"
"inst=19,22,38,42,59,64,80,95,136\"/>"
msgstr ""
#. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para>
-#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:4805
+#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:5093
msgid ""
"Figshare has an Application Programming Interface (API) that makes it "
"possible for data to be pulled from Figshare and used in other applications. "
msgstr ""
#. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para>
-#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:4816
+#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:5112
msgid ""
"The free version of Figshare has built a community of academics, who through "
"word of mouth and presentations have promoted and spread awareness of "
msgstr ""
#. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para><footnote><para>
-#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:4831
+#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:5129
msgid "<ulink url=\"http://figshare.com/features\"/>"
msgstr ""
#. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para>
-#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:4827
+#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:5123
msgid ""
"Mark says his success is partly about being in the right place at the right "
"time. He also believes that the diversification of Figshare’s model over "
msgstr ""
#. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para>
-#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:4838
+#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:5138
msgid ""
"Today Figshare has 26 million–plus page views, 7.5 million–plus downloads, "
"800,000–plus user uploads, 2 million–plus articles, 500,000-plus "
msgstr ""
#. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para>
-#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:4846
+#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:5146
msgid ""
"Figshare uses the revenue it generates from the premium subscribers, journal "
"publishers, and institutions to fund and expand what it can offer to "
msgstr ""
#. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><title>
-#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:4861
+#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:5162
msgid "Figure.NZ"
msgstr ""
#. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><blockquote><para>
-#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:4864
+#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:5165
msgid ""
"Figure.NZ is a nonprofit charity that makes an online data platform designed "
"to make data reusable and easy to understand. Founded in 2012 in New "
msgstr ""
#. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><blockquote><para>
-#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:4869
+#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:5170
msgid "<ulink url=\"http://figure.nz\"/>"
msgstr ""
#. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><blockquote><para>
-#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:4871
+#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:5173
msgid ""
"<emphasis role=\"strong\">Revenue model</emphasis>: platform providing paid "
"services to creators, donations, sponsorships"
msgstr ""
#. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><blockquote><para>
-#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:4874
+#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:5177
msgid "<emphasis role=\"strong\">Interview date</emphasis>: May 3, 2016"
msgstr ""
#. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><blockquote><para>
-#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:4876
+#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:5180
msgid ""
"<emphasis role=\"strong\">Interviewee</emphasis>: Lillian Grace, founder"
msgstr ""
#. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para><footnote><para>
-#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:4885
+#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:5191
msgid ""
"<ulink url=\"http://www.nzdatafutures.org.nz/sites/default/files/"
"NZDFF_harness-the-power.pdf\"/>"
msgstr ""
#. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para>
-#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:4884
+#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:5188
msgid ""
"In the paper Harnessing the Economic and Social Power of Data presented at "
"the New Zealand Data Futures Forum in 2014,<placeholder type=\"footnote\" id="
msgstr ""
#. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para>
-#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:4903
+#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:5211
msgid ""
"Lillian had the idea for Figure.NZ in February 2012 while working for the "
"New Zealand Institute, a think tank concerned with improving economic "
msgstr ""
#. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para>
-#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:4914
+#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:5222
msgid ""
"Lillian began to imagine a website that lifted data up to a visual form that "
"could be easily understood and freely accessed. Initially launched as Wiki "
msgstr ""
#. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para>
-#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:4928
+#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:5236
msgid ""
"Here’s how it works. Figure.NZ sources data from other organizations, "
"including corporations, public repositories, government departments, and "
msgstr ""
#. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para><footnote><para>
-#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:4954
+#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:5264
msgid ""
"<ulink url=\"http://www.ict.govt.nz/guidance-and-resources/open-government/"
"new-zealand-government-open-access-and-licensing-nzgoal-framework/\"/>"
msgstr ""
#. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para>
-#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:4945
+#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:5253
msgid ""
"Lillian characterizes the initial decision to use Creative Commons as "
"naively fortunate. It was first recommended to her by a colleague. Lillian "
msgstr ""
#. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para>
-#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:4961
+#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:5273
msgid ""
"Lillian thinks current ideas of what a business is are relatively new, only "
"a hundred years old or so. She’s convinced that twenty years from now, we "
msgstr ""
#. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para>
-#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:4974
+#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:5286
msgid ""
"Although Figure.NZ is a social enterprise that openly licenses their data "
"and graphs for everyone to use for free, they have taken care not to be "
msgstr ""
#. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para>
-#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:4993
+#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:5305
msgid ""
"Figure.NZ spends a lot of time seeking to understand the motivations of data "
"collectors and to identify the channels where it can provide value. Every "
msgstr ""
#. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para>
-#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:4999
+#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:5311
msgid ""
"Figure.NZ has multiple lines of business. They provide commercial services "
"to organizations that want their data publicly available and want to use "
msgstr ""
#. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para>
-#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:5015
+#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:5327
msgid ""
"Lillian notes that the current state of most data is terrible and often not "
"well understood by the people who have it. This sometimes makes it difficult "
msgstr ""
#. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para><footnote><para>
-#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:5034
+#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:5348
msgid "<ulink url=\"http://figure.nz/business/\"/>"
msgstr ""
#. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para>
-#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:5029
+#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:5341
msgid ""
"A second line of business is what Figure.NZ calls partners. ASB Bank and "
"Statistics New Zealand are partners who back Figure.NZ’s efforts. As one "
msgstr ""
#. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para><footnote><para>
-#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:5037
+#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:5355
msgid "<ulink url=\"http://figure.nz/patrons/\"/>"
msgstr ""
#. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para>
-#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:5037
+#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:5353
msgid ""
"Figure.NZ also has patrons.<placeholder type=\"footnote\" id=\"0\"/> Patrons "
"donate to topic areas they care about, directly enabling Figure.NZ to get "
msgstr ""
#. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para>
-#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:5043
+#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:5363
msgid ""
"Figure.NZ also accepts philanthropic donations, which are used to provide "
"more content, extend technology, and improve services, or are targeted to "
msgstr ""
#. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para>
-#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:5049
+#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:5369
msgid ""
"Figure.NZ has morphed and grown over time. With data aggregation, curation, "
"and visualizing services all in-house, Figure.NZ has developed a deep "
msgstr ""
#. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para>
-#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:5061
+#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:5381
msgid ""
"Figure.NZ’s website displays visuals and data associated with a wide range "
"of categories including crime, economy, education, employment, energy, "
msgstr ""
#. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para>
-#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:5071
+#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:5391
msgid ""
"Figure.NZ believes data and visuals should be useful. They provide their "
"customers with a data collection template and teach them why it’s important "
msgstr ""
#. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para>
-#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:5085
+#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:5405
msgid ""
"Lillian has a deep and profound vision for Figure.NZ that goes well beyond "
-"simply providing open-data services. She says things are different now. “We "
+"simply providing open-data services. She says things are different now. \"We "
"used to live in a world where it was really hard to share information "
"widely. And in that world, the best future was created by having a few great "
"leaders who essentially had access to the information and made decisions on "
msgstr ""
#. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para>
-#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:5094
+#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:5415
msgid ""
-"“But now we live in a world where it’s really easy to share information "
+"\"But now we live in a world where it’s really easy to share information "
"widely and also to communicate widely. In the world we live in now, the best "
"future is the one where everyone can make well-informed decisions."
msgstr ""
#. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para>
-#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:5100
+#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:5421
msgid ""
-"“The use of numbers and data as a way of making well-informed decisions is "
+"\"The use of numbers and data as a way of making well-informed decisions is "
"one of the areas where there is the biggest gaps. We don’t really use "
"numbers as a part of our thinking and part of our understanding yet."
msgstr ""
#. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para>
-#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:5106
+#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:5427
msgid ""
-"“Part of the reason is the way data is spread across hundreds of sites. In "
+"\"Part of the reason is the way data is spread across hundreds of sites. In "
"addition, for the most part, deep thinking based on data is constrained to "
"experts because most people don’t have data literacy. There once was a time "
"when many citizens in society couldn’t read or write. However, as a society, "
msgstr ""
#. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para>
-#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:5117
+#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:5438
msgid ""
-"“Figure.NZ may be the first organization to assert that everyone can use "
+"\"Figure.NZ may be the first organization to assert that everyone can use "
"numbers in their thinking, and it’s built a technological platform along "
"with trust and a network of relationships to make that possible. What you "
"can see on Figure.NZ are tens of thousands of graphs, maps, and data."
msgstr ""
#. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para>
-#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:5124
+#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:5445
msgid ""
"<quote>Figure.NZ sees this as a new kind of alphabet that can help people "
"analyze what they see around them. A way to be thoughtful and informed about "
msgstr ""
#. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para>
-#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:5133
+#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:5454
msgid ""
"Lillian sees Figure.NZ’s model as having global potential. But for now, "
"their focus is completely on making Figure.NZ work in New Zealand and to get "
-"the <quote>network effect</quote>— users dramatically increasing value for "
-"themselves and for others through use of their service. Creative Commons is "
-"core to making the network effect possible."
+"the <quote>network effect</quote>—"
+msgstr ""
+
+#. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para>
+#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:5459
+msgid ""
+"users dramatically increasing value for themselves and for others through "
+"use of their service. Creative Commons is core to making the network effect "
+"possible."
msgstr ""
#. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><title>
-#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:5142
+#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:5466
msgid "Knowledge Unlatched"
msgstr ""
#. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><blockquote><para>
-#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:5145
+#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:5469
msgid ""
"Knowledge Unlatched is a not-for-profit community interest company that "
"brings libraries together to pool funds to publish open-access books. "
msgstr ""
#. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><blockquote><para>
-#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:5150
+#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:5474
msgid "<ulink url=\"http://knowledgeunlatched.org\"/>"
msgstr ""
#. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><blockquote><para>
-#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:5152
+#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:5477
msgid ""
"<emphasis role=\"strong\">Revenue model</emphasis>: crowdfunding "
"(specialized)"
msgstr ""
#. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><blockquote><para>
-#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:5155
+#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:5481
msgid "<emphasis role=\"strong\">Interview date</emphasis>: February 26, 2016"
msgstr ""
#. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><blockquote><para>
-#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:5158
+#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:5485
msgid ""
"<emphasis role=\"strong\">Interviewee</emphasis>: Frances Pinter, founder"
msgstr ""
#. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para>
-#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:5166
+#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:5493
msgid ""
"The serial entrepreneur Dr. Frances Pinter has been at the forefront of "
"innovation in the publishing industry for nearly forty years. She founded "
msgstr ""
#. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para>
-#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:5182
+#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:5509
msgid ""
"Dr. Pinter has been in academic publishing most of her career. About ten "
"years ago, she became acquainted with the Creative Commons founder Lawrence "
msgstr ""
#. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para>
-#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:5189
+#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:5516
msgid ""
"Not long after, she ran a project in Africa convincing publishers in Uganda "
"and South Africa to put some of their content online for free using a "
msgstr ""
#. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para>
-#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:5195
+#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:5522
msgid ""
"In 2008, Bloomsbury Academic, a new imprint of Bloomsbury Publishing in the "
"United Kingdom, appointed her its founding publisher in London. As part of "
msgstr ""
#. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para>
-#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:5212
+#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:5539
msgid ""
"Frances began to look at customer interest in the three forms of the book: "
"1) the Creative Commons–licensed free online book in PDF form, 2) the "
msgstr ""
#. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para>
-#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:5221
+#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:5548
msgid ""
"After a while, Frances had an epiphany—what if there was a way to get "
"libraries to underwrite the costs of making these books up until they’re "
msgstr ""
#. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para>
-#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:5230
+#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:5557
msgid ""
"This idea is similar to the article-processing charge some open-access "
"journals charge researchers to cover publishing costs. Frances began to "
msgstr ""
#. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para>
-#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:5238
+#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:5565
msgid ""
"This idea really took hold in her mind. She didn’t really have a name for it "
"but began talking about it and making presentations to see if there was "
msgstr ""
#. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para>
-#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:5249
+#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:5576
msgid ""
"She describes the business model in a paper called Knowledge Unlatched: "
"Toward an Open and Networked Future for Academic Publishing:"
msgstr ""
#. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><orderedlist><listitem><para>
-#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:5256
+#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:5583
msgid ""
"Publishers offer titles for sale reflecting origination costs only via "
"Knowledge Unlatched."
msgstr ""
#. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><orderedlist><listitem><para>
-#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:5262
+#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:5589
msgid ""
"Individual libraries select titles either as individual titles or as "
"collections (as they do from library suppliers now)."
msgstr ""
#. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><orderedlist><listitem><para>
-#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:5268
+#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:5595
msgid ""
"Their selections are sent to Knowledge Unlatched specifying the titles to be "
"purchased at the stated price(s)."
msgstr ""
#. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><orderedlist><listitem><para>
-#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:5274
+#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:5601
msgid ""
"The price, called a Title Fee (set by publishers and negotiated by Knowledge "
"Unlatched), is paid to publishers to cover the fixed costs of publishing "
msgstr ""
#. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><orderedlist><listitem><para>
-#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:5283
+#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:5610
msgid ""
"Publishers make the selected titles available Open Access (on a Creative "
"Commons or similar open license) and are then paid the Title Fee which is "
msgstr ""
#. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><orderedlist><listitem><para><footnote><para>
-#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:5293
+#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:5622
msgid "<ulink url=\"http://www.pinter.org.uk/pdfs/Toward_an_Open.pdf\"/>"
msgstr ""
#. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><orderedlist><listitem><para>
-#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:5290
+#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:5617
msgid ""
"Publishers make print copies, e-Pub, and other digital versions of selected "
"titles available to member libraries at a discount that reflects their "
msgstr ""
#. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para>
-#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:5298
+#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:5629
msgid ""
"The first round of this model resulted in a collection of twenty-eight "
"current titles from thirteen recognized scholarly publishers being "
msgstr ""
#. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para><footnote><para>
-#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:5309
+#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:5642
msgid ""
"<ulink url=\"http://collections.knowledgeunlatched.org/collection-"
"availability-1/\"/>"
msgstr ""
#. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para>
-#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:5308
+#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:5639
msgid ""
"The open-access, Creative Commons versions of these twenty-eight books are "
"still available online.<placeholder type=\"footnote\" id=\"0\"/> Most books "
msgstr ""
#. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para>
-#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:5319
+#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:5654
msgid ""
"There are three cost variables to consider for each round: the overall cost "
"incurred by the publishers, total cost for each library to acquire all the "
msgstr ""
#. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para>
-#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:5331
+#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:5666
msgid ""
"The second round, recently completed, unlatched seventy-eight books from "
"twenty-six publishers. For this round, Frances was experimenting with the "
msgstr ""
#. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para>
-#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:5346
+#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:5681
msgid ""
"The longest part of the whole process is getting libraries to pledge and "
"commit funds. It takes about five months, as library buy-in has to fit "
msgstr ""
#. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para>
-#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:5352
+#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:5687
msgid ""
"Knowledge Unlatched informs and recruits libraries through social media, "
"mailing lists, listservs, and library associations. Of the three hundred "
msgstr ""
#. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para>
-#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:5362
+#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:5697
msgid ""
"Knowledge Unlatched is scaling up, offering 150 new titles in the second "
"half of 2016. It will also offer backlist titles, and in 2017 will start to "
msgstr ""
#. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para>
-#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:5367
+#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:5702
msgid ""
"Knowledge Unlatched deliberately chose monographs as the initial type of "
"book to unlatch. Monographs are foundational and important, but also "
msgstr ""
#. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para>
-#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:5373
+#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:5708
msgid ""
"The cost for the publisher to get to a first digital copy of a monograph is "
"$5,000 to $50,000. A good one costs in the $10,000 to $15,000 range. "
msgstr ""
#. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para><footnote><para>
-#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:5390
+#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:5727
msgid ""
"<ulink url=\"http://www.knowledgeunlatched.org/featured-authors-section/\"/>"
msgstr ""
#. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para>
-#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:5383
+#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:5718
msgid ""
"Authors don’t generally make a lot of royalties from monographs. Royalties "
"range from zero dollars to 5 to 10 percent of receipts. The value to the "
msgstr ""
#. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para>
-#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:5393
+#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:5732
msgid ""
"Library budgets are constantly being squeezed, partly due to the inflation "
"of journal subscriptions. But even without budget constraints, academic "
msgstr ""
#. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para>
-#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:5404
+#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:5743
msgid ""
"Knowledge Unlatched offers libraries a compelling economic argument. Many of "
"the participating libraries would have bought a copy of the monograph "
msgstr ""
#. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para>
-#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:5412
+#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:5751
msgid ""
"Not only do the economics make sense, but there is very strong alignment "
"with library mandates. The participating libraries pay less than they would "
msgstr ""
#. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para>
-#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:5425
+#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:5764
msgid ""
"For publishers, authors, and librarians, the Knowledge Unlatched model for "
"monographs is a win-win-win."
msgstr ""
#. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para>
-#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:5429
+#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:5768
msgid ""
"In the first round, Knowledge Unlatched’s overheads were covered by grants. "
"In the second round, they aim to demonstrate the model is sustainable. "
msgstr ""
#. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para>
-#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:5440
+#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:5779
msgid ""
"Frances believes that Knowledge Unlatched is tapping into new ways of "
"valuing academic content. It’s about considering how many people can find, "
msgstr ""
#. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><title>
-#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:5452
+#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:5792
msgid "Lumen Learning"
msgstr ""
#. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><blockquote><para>
-#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:5455
+#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:5795
msgid ""
"Lumen Learning is a for-profit company helping educational institutions use "
"open educational resources (OER). Founded in 2013 in the U.S."
msgstr ""
#. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><blockquote><para>
-#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:5460
+#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:5800
msgid "<ulink url=\"http://lumenlearning.com\"/>"
msgstr ""
#. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><blockquote><para>
-#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:5462
+#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:5803
msgid ""
"<emphasis role=\"strong\">Revenue model</emphasis>: charging for custom "
"services, grant funding"
msgstr ""
#. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><blockquote><para>
-#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:5465
+#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:5807
msgid "<emphasis role=\"strong\">Interview date</emphasis>: December 21, 2015"
msgstr ""
#. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><blockquote><para>
-#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:5468
+#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:5811
msgid ""
"<emphasis role=\"strong\">Interviewees</emphasis>: David Wiley and Kim "
"Thanos, cofounders"
msgstr ""
#. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para><footnote><para>
-#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:5482
+#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:5827
msgid "<ulink url=\"http://lumenlearning.com/innovative-projects/\"/>"
msgstr ""
#. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para>
-#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:5476
+#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:5819
msgid ""
"Cofounded by open education visionary Dr. David Wiley and education-"
"technology strategist Kim Thanos, Lumen Learning is dedicated to improving "
msgstr ""
#. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para>
-#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:5499
+#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:5846
msgid ""
"David and Kim went back and forth on whether it should be a nonprofit or "
"for- profit. A nonprofit would make it a more comfortable fit with the "
msgstr ""
#. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para>
-#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:5509
+#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:5856
msgid ""
"But as a for-profit, they’d have to convince educational institutions to pay "
"for what Lumen had to offer. On the positive side, they’d have more control "
msgstr ""
#. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para>
-#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:5518
+#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:5865
msgid ""
"Right from the start, David and Kim positioned Lumen Learning as a way to "
"help institutions engage in open educational resources, or OER. OER are "
msgstr ""
#. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para>
-#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:5526
+#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:5873
msgid ""
"Originally, Lumen did custom contracts for each institution. This was "
"complicated and challenging to manage. However, through that process "
msgstr ""
#. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><itemizedlist><listitem><para>
-#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:5542
+#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:5889
msgid "replace expensive textbooks in high-enrollment courses with OER;"
msgstr ""
#. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><itemizedlist><listitem><para>
-#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:5548
+#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:5895
msgid ""
"provide enrolled students day one access to Lumen’s fully customizable OER "
"course materials through the institution’s learning-management system;"
msgstr ""
#. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><itemizedlist><listitem><para>
-#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:5555
+#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:5902
msgid ""
"measure improvements in student success with metrics like passing rates, "
"persistence, and course completion; and"
msgstr ""
#. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><itemizedlist><listitem><para>
-#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:5561
+#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:5908
msgid ""
"collaborate with faculty to make ongoing improvements to OER based on "
"student success research."
msgstr ""
#. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para>
-#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:5567
+#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:5914
msgid ""
"Lumen has developed a suite of open, Creative Commons–licensed courseware in "
"more than sixty-five subjects. All courses are freely and publicly available "
msgstr ""
#. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para>
-#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:5575
+#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:5922
msgid ""
"Then there are three types of bundled services that cost money. One option, "
"which Lumen calls Candela courseware, offers integration with the "
msgstr ""
#. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para>
-#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:5583
+#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:5930
msgid ""
"A second option is Waymaker, which offers the services of Candela but adds "
"personalized learning technologies, such as study plans, automated messages, "
msgstr ""
#. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para>
-#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:5590
+#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:5937
msgid ""
"The third and emerging line of business for Lumen is providing guidance and "
"support for institutions and state systems that are pursuing the development "
msgstr ""
#. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para>
-#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:5599
+#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:5946
msgid ""
"Lumen generates revenue by charging for their value-added tools and services "
"on top of their free courses, just as solar-power companies provide the "
msgstr ""
#. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para>
-#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:5616
+#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:5963
msgid ""
"In most cases, development of their courses is funded by the institution "
"Lumen has a contract with. When creating new courses, Lumen typically works "
msgstr ""
#. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para>
-#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:5627
+#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:5974
msgid ""
"Sometimes faculty like the existing OER but not the way it is presented. The "
"open licensing of existing OER allows Lumen to pick and choose from images, "
msgstr ""
#. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para>
-#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:5638
+#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:5985
msgid ""
"Using only OER made them experience firsthand how complex it could be to mix "
"differently licensed work together. A common strategy with OER is to place "
msgstr ""
#. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para>
-#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:5646
+#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:5993
msgid ""
"Remixing OER often results in multiple attributions on every page of every "
"course—text from one place, images from another, and videos from yet "
msgstr ""
#. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para>
-#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:5657
+#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:6004
msgid ""
"Lumen’s commitment to open licensing and helping low-income students has led "
"to strong relationships with institutions, open-education enthusiasts, and "
msgstr ""
#. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para>
-#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:5665
+#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:6012
msgid ""
"To manage demand and ensure the success of projects, their strategy is to be "
"proactive and focus on what’s going on in higher education in different "
msgstr ""
#. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para>
-#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:5678
+#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:6025
msgid ""
"As a business, Lumen is committed to openness. There are two core "
"nonnegotiables: Lumen’s use of CC BY, the most permissive of the Creative "
msgstr ""
#. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para>
-#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:5688
+#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:6035
msgid ""
"Openness also means that Lumen’s OER must necessarily be nonexclusive and "
"nonrivalrous. This represents several big challenges for the business model: "
msgstr ""
#. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para>
-#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:5698
+#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:6045
msgid ""
"In the OER sector, there are examples of corporations, and even "
"institutions, acting as free riders. Some simply take and use open resources "
msgstr ""
#. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para>
-#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:5707
+#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:6054
msgid ""
"Lumen does track institutions accessing and using their free content. They "
"proactively contact those institutions, with an estimate of how much their "
msgstr ""
#. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para>
-#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:5718
+#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:6065
msgid ""
"Lumen works hard to be a good corporate citizen in the OER community. For "
"David and Kim, a good corporate citizen gives more than they take, adds "
msgstr ""
#. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para>
-#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:5727
+#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:6074
msgid ""
"Licensing all the content they produce with CC BY is a key part of giving "
"more value than they take. They’ve also worked hard at finding the right "
msgstr ""
#. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para>
-#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:5733
+#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:6080
msgid ""
"As of the fall 2016 term, Lumen had eighty-six different open courses, "
"working relationships with ninety-two institutions, and more than seventy-"
msgstr ""
#. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para>
-#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:5745
+#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:6092
msgid ""
"In creating Lumen Learning, David and Kim say they’ve landed on solutions "
"they never imagined, and there is still a lot of learning taking place. For "
msgstr ""
#. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><title>
-#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:5756
+#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:6104
msgid "Jonathan Mann"
msgstr ""
#. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><blockquote><para>
-#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:5759
+#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:6107
msgid ""
"Jonathan Mann is a singer and songwriter who is most well known as the "
"<quote>Song A Day</quote> guy. Based in the U.S."
msgstr ""
#. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><blockquote><para>
-#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:5762
+#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:6111
msgid ""
"<ulink url=\"http://jonathanmann.net\"/> and <ulink url=\"http://"
"jonathanmann.bandcamp.com\"/>"
msgstr ""
#. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><blockquote><para>
-#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:5765
+#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:6115
msgid ""
"<emphasis role=\"strong\">Revenue model</emphasis>: charging for custom "
"services, pay-what-you-want, crowdfunding (subscription-based), charging for "
msgstr ""
#. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><blockquote><para>
-#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:5770
+#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:6121
msgid "<emphasis role=\"strong\">Interview date</emphasis>: February 22, 2016"
msgstr ""
#. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para>
-#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:5778
+#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:6129
msgid ""
"Jonathan Mann thinks of his business model as <quote>hustling</quote>—"
"seizing nearly every opportunity he sees to make money. The bulk of his "
msgstr ""
#. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para>
-#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:5790
+#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:6141
msgid ""
"His entrepreneurial spirit is coupled with a willingness to take action "
"quickly. A perfect illustration of his ability to act fast happened in 2010, "
msgstr ""
#. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para>
-#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:5801
+#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:6152
msgid ""
"Jonathan’s successful <quote>hustling</quote> is also about old-fashioned "
"persistence. He is currently in his eighth straight year of writing one song "
msgstr ""
#. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para>
-#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:5808
+#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:6159
msgid ""
"He fell into this role by, naturally, seizing a random opportunity a friend "
"alerted him to seven years ago—an event called Fun-A-Day, where people are "
msgstr ""
#. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para>
-#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:5818
+#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:6169
msgid ""
"He had a really good time doing the thirty-one-day challenge, so he decided "
"to see if he could continue it for one year. He never stopped. He has "
msgstr ""
#. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para>
-#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:5834
+#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:6185
msgid ""
"Over time, the song-a-day gig became the basis of his livelihood. In the "
"beginning, he made money one of two ways. The first was by entering a wide "
msgstr ""
#. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para>
-#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:5843
+#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:6194
msgid ""
"His website explains his gig as <quote>taking any message, from the super "
"simple to the totally complicated, and conveying that message through a "
msgstr ""
#. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para>
-#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:5852
+#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:6203
msgid ""
"Jonathan can’t recall when exactly he first learned about Creative Commons, "
"but he began applying CC licenses to his songs and videos as soon as he "
msgstr ""
#. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para>
-#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:5861
+#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:6212
msgid ""
"His songs are essentially marketing for his services, so obviously the "
"further his songs spread, the better. Using CC licenses helps grease the "
msgstr ""
#. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para>
-#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:5871
+#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:6222
msgid ""
"There are some people who cover his songs fairly regularly, and he would "
"never shut that down. But he acknowledges there is a lot more he could do to "
msgstr ""
#. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para>
-#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:5878
+#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:6229
msgid ""
"He does have a fan community he cultivates on Bandcamp, but it isn’t his "
"major focus. <quote>I do have a core audience that has stuck around for a "
msgstr ""
#. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para>
-#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:5888
+#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:6239
msgid ""
"Jonathan recognizes what comes naturally to him and leverages those skills. "
"Through the practice of daily songwriting, he realized he has a gift for "
msgstr ""
#. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para>
-#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:5900
+#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:6251
msgid ""
"When he is hired by a client to write a song, he first asks them to send a "
"list of talking points and other information they want to include in the "
"thing he tries to do is grok the core message and develop the chorus. Then "
"he looks for connections or parts he can make rhyme. The entire process "
"really does resemble good journalism, but of course the final product of his "
-"work is a song rather than news. <quote>There is something about being "
-"challenged and forced to take information that doesn’t seem like it should "
-"be sung about or doesn’t seem like it lends itself to a song,</quote> he "
-"said. <quote>I find that creative challenge really satisfying. I enjoy "
-"getting lost in that process.</quote>"
+"work is a song rather than news. \"There is something about being challenged "
+"and forced to take information that doesn’t seem like it should be sung about"
+msgstr ""
+
+#. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para>
+#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:6264
+msgid ""
+"or doesn’t seem like it lends itself to a song,\" he said. <quote>I find "
+"that creative challenge really satisfying. I enjoy getting lost in that "
+"process.</quote>"
msgstr ""
#. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para>
-#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:5916
+#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:6269
msgid ""
"Jonathan admits that in an ideal world, he would exclusively write the music "
"he wanted to write, rather than what clients hire him to write. But his "
msgstr ""
#. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para>
-#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:5923
+#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:6276
msgid ""
"Jonathan uses nearly every tool possible to make money from his art, but he "
"does have lines he won’t cross. He won’t write songs about things he "
msgstr ""
#. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para>
-#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:5935
+#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:6288
msgid ""
"Jonathan’s song-a-day commitment exemplifies the power of habit and grit. "
"Conventional wisdom about creative productivity, including advice in books "
msgstr ""
#. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para>
-#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:5944
+#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:6297
msgid ""
"When he speaks about his work, he talks about how much the song-a-day "
"process has changed him. Rather than seeing any given piece of work as "
msgstr ""
#. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para>
-#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:5951
+#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:6304
msgid ""
"Jonathan seems to have this mentality about his career more generally. He is "
"constantly experimenting with ways to make a living while sharing his work "
msgstr ""
#. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para>
-#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:5958
+#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:6312
msgid ""
"<quote>Success feels like it’s over,</quote> he said. <quote>To a certain "
"extent, a creative person is not ever going to feel completely satisfied "
msgstr ""
#. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><title>
-#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:5965
+#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:6319
msgid "Noun Project"
msgstr ""
#. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><blockquote><para>
-#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:5968
+#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:6322
msgid ""
"The Noun Project is a for-profit company offering an online platform to "
"display visual icons from a global network of designers. Founded in 2010 in "
msgstr ""
#. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><blockquote><para>
-#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:5973
+#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:6327
msgid "<ulink url=\"http://thenounproject.com\"/>"
msgstr ""
#. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><blockquote><para>
-#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:5975
+#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:6330
msgid ""
"<emphasis role=\"strong\">Revenue model</emphasis>: charging a transaction "
"fee, charging for custom services"
msgstr ""
#. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><blockquote><para>
-#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:5978
+#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:6334
msgid "<emphasis role=\"strong\">Interview date</emphasis>: October 6, 2015"
msgstr ""
#. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><blockquote><para>
-#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:5981
+#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:6338
msgid ""
"<emphasis role=\"strong\">Interviewee</emphasis>: Edward Boatman, cofounder"
msgstr ""
#. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para>
-#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:5989
+#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:6346
msgid ""
"The Noun Project creates and shares visual language. There are millions who "
"use Noun Project symbols to simplify communication across borders, "
msgstr ""
#. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para>
-#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:5994
+#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:6351
msgid ""
"The original idea for the Noun Project came to cofounder Edward Boatman "
"while he was a student in architecture design school. He’d always done a lot "
msgstr ""
#. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para>
-#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:6002
+#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:6359
msgid ""
"When Edward went on to work at an architecture firm, he had to make a lot of "
"presentation boards for clients. But finding high-quality sources for "
msgstr ""
#. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para>
-#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:6010
+#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:6367
msgid ""
"With his partner, Sofya Polyakov, he began collecting symbols for a website "
"and writing a business plan. Inspiration came from the book Professor and "
msgstr ""
#. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para><footnote><para>
-#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:6021
+#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:6380
msgid ""
"<ulink url=\"http://www.kickstarter.com/projects/tnp/building-a-free-"
"collection-of-our-worlds-visual-sy/description\"/>"
msgstr ""
#. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para>
-#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:6018
+#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:6375
msgid ""
"Then Edward got laid off during the recession, which turned out to be a huge "
"catalyst. He decided to give his idea a go, and in 2010 Edward and Sofya "
msgstr ""
#. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para>
-#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:6027
+#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:6388
msgid ""
"They created a platform where symbols and icons could be uploaded, and "
"Edward began recruiting talented designers to contribute their designs, a "
msgstr ""
#. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para>
-#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:6035
+#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:6396
msgid ""
"The Noun Project currently has about seven thousand designers from around "
"the world. But not all submissions are accepted. The Noun Project’s quality-"
msgstr ""
#. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para>
-#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:6044
+#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:6405
msgid ""
"Creative Commons is an integral part of the Noun Project’s business model; "
"this decision was inspired by Chris Anderson’s book Free: The Future of "
msgstr ""
#. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para>
-#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:6051
+#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:6412
msgid ""
"Edward knew he wanted to offer a free visual language while still providing "
"some protection and reward for its contributors. There is a tension between "
msgstr ""
#. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para>
-#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:6065
+#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:6426
msgid ""
"Noun Project’s business model and means of generating revenue have evolved "
"significantly over time. Their initial plan was to sell T-shirts with the "
msgstr ""
#. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para>
-#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:6076
+#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:6437
msgid ""
"They asked their global network of designers whether they’d be open to "
"receiving modest remuneration instead of attribution. Designers saw it as a "
msgstr ""
#. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para>
-#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:6083
+#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:6444
msgid ""
"The Noun Project first adopted a model whereby using an icon without giving "
"attribution would cost $1.99 per icon. The model’s second iteration added a "
msgstr ""
#. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para>
-#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:6097
+#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:6458
msgid ""
"Customers then began asking for an application-programming interface (API), "
"which would allow Noun Project icons and symbols to be directly accessed "
msgstr ""
#. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para>
-#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:6111
+#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:6472
msgid ""
"The Noun Project shares revenue with its international designers. For one-"
"off purchases, the revenue is split 70 percent to the designer and 30 "
msgstr ""
#. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para>
-#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:6116
+#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:6477
msgid ""
"The revenue from premium purchases (the subscription and API options) is "
"split a little differently. At the end of each month, the total revenue from "
msgstr ""
#. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para><footnote><para>
-#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:6128
-#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:6200
+#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:6491
+#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:6567
msgid ""
"<ulink url=\"http://thenounproject.com/handbook/royalties/#getting_paid\"/>"
msgstr ""
#. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para>
-#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:6127
+#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:6488
msgid ""
"The Noun Project tries to be completely transparent about their royalty "
"structure.<placeholder type=\"footnote\" id=\"0\"/> They tend to over "
msgstr ""
#. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para>
-#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:6132
+#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:6497
msgid ""
"For most creators, contributing to the Noun Project is not a full-time job "
"but something they do on the side. Edward categorizes monthly earnings for "
msgstr ""
#. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para>
-#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:6139
+#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:6504
msgid ""
"Recently the Noun Project launched a new app called Lingo. Designers can "
"use Lingo to organize not just their Noun Project icons and symbols but also "
msgstr ""
#. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para>
-#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:6153
+#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:6518
msgid ""
"The Noun Project gives a ton of value away for free. A very large percentage "
"of their roughly one million members have a free account, but there are "
msgstr ""
#. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para>
-#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:6160
+#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:6525
msgid ""
"For Edward, <quote>creating, sharing, and celebrating the world’s visual "
"language</quote> is the most important aspect of what they do; it’s their "
msgstr ""
#. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para>
-#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:6166
+#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:6531
msgid ""
"Noun Project creators agree. When surveyed on why they participate in the "
"Noun Project, this is how designers rank their reasons: 1) to support the "
msgstr ""
#. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para>
-#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:6175
+#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:6540
msgid ""
"In Edward’s view, Creative Commons is central to their mission of sharing "
"and social good. Using Creative Commons makes the Noun Project’s mission "
msgstr ""
#. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para>
-#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:6182
+#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:6547
msgid ""
"Edward told us, <quote>Don’t underestimate the power of a passionate "
"community around your product or your business. They are going to go to bat "
msgstr ""
#. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para>
-#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:6192
+#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:6557
msgid ""
"The Noun Project nurtures their creators’ second motivation—promoting a "
"personal brand—by connecting every icon and symbol to the creator’s name and "
msgstr ""
#. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para>
-#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:6199
+#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:6564
msgid ""
"The Noun Project also builds community through Iconathons—hackathons for "
"icons.<placeholder type=\"footnote\" id=\"0\"/> In partnership with a "
msgstr ""
#. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para>
-#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:6208
+#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:6577
msgid ""
"Providing a free version of their product that satisfies a lot of their "
"customers’ needs has actually enabled the Noun Project to build the paid "
msgstr ""
#. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><title>
-#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:6219
+#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:6589
msgid "Open Data Institute"
msgstr ""
#. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><blockquote><para>
-#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:6222
+#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:6592
msgid ""
"The Open Data Institute is an independent nonprofit that connects, equips, "
"and inspires people around the world to innovate with data. Founded in 2012 "
msgstr ""
#. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><blockquote><para>
-#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:6227
+#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:6597
msgid "<ulink url=\"http://theodi.org\"/>"
msgstr ""
#. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><blockquote><para>
-#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:6229
+#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:6600
msgid ""
"<emphasis role=\"strong\">Revenue model</emphasis>: grant and government "
"funding, charging for custom services, donations"
msgstr ""
#. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><blockquote><para>
-#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:6232
+#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:6604
msgid "<emphasis role=\"strong\">Interview date</emphasis>: November 11, 2015"
msgstr ""
#. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><blockquote><para>
-#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:6235
+#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:6608
msgid ""
"<emphasis role=\"strong\">Interviewee</emphasis>: Jeni Tennison, technical "
"director"
msgstr ""
#. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para>
-#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:6243
+#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:6616
msgid ""
"Cofounded by Sir Tim Berners-Lee and Sir Nigel Shadbolt in 2012, the London-"
"based Open Data Institute (ODI) offers data-related training, events, "
msgstr ""
#. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para>
-#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:6253
+#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:6626
msgid ""
"Data underpins planning and decision making across all aspects of society. "
"Weather data helps farmers know when to plant their crops, flight time data "
msgstr ""
#. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para>
-#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:6265
+#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:6638
msgid ""
"The Open Data Institute’s 2012–17 business plan starts out by describing its "
"vision to establish itself as a world-leading center and to research and be "
msgstr ""
#. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><itemizedlist><listitem><para>
-#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:6275
+#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:6648
msgid ""
"demonstrate the commercial value of open government data and how open-data "
"policies affect this;"
msgstr ""
#. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><itemizedlist><listitem><para>
-#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:6281
+#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:6654
msgid "develop the economic benefits case and business models for open data;"
msgstr ""
#. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><itemizedlist><listitem><para>
-#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:6287
+#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:6660
msgid "help UK businesses use open data; and"
msgstr ""
#. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><itemizedlist><listitem><para><footnote><para>
-#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:6292
+#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:6667
msgid ""
"<ulink url=\"http://e642e8368e3bf8d5526e-464b4b70b4554c1a79566214d402739e.r6."
"cf3.rackcdn.com/odi-business-plan-may-release.pdf\"/>"
msgstr ""
#. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><itemizedlist><listitem><para>
-#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:6292
+#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:6665
msgid ""
"show how open data can improve public services.<placeholder type=\"footnote"
"\" id=\"0\"/>"
msgstr ""
#. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para>
-#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:6297
+#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:6674
msgid ""
"ODI is very explicit about how it wants to make open business models, and "
"defining what this means. Jeni Tennison, ODI’s technical director, puts it "
msgstr ""
#. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para>
-#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:6307
+#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:6684
msgid ""
"As an independent nonprofit, ODI secured £10 million over five years from "
"the UK government via Innovate UK, an agency that promotes innovation in "
msgstr ""
#. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para>
-#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:6315
+#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:6692
msgid ""
"Jeni started out as a developer and technical architect for data.gov.uk, the "
"UK government’s pioneering open-data initiative. She helped make data sets "
msgstr ""
#. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para>
-#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:6322
+#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:6699
msgid ""
"ODI strives to have half its annual budget come from the core UK government "
"and Omidyar grants, and the other half from project-based research and "
msgstr ""
#. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para>
-#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:6330
+#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:6707
msgid ""
"On the commercial side, ODI generates funding through memberships, training, "
"and advisory services."
msgstr ""
#. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para><footnote><para>
-#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:6345
+#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:6724
msgid "<ulink url=\"http://directory.theodi.org/members\"/>"
msgstr ""
#. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para>
-#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:6334
+#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:6711
msgid ""
"You can join the ODI as an individual or commercial member. Individual "
"membership is pay-what-you-can, with options ranging from £1 to £100. "
msgstr ""
#. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para>
-#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:6348
+#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:6729
msgid ""
"ODI provides standardized open data training courses in which anyone can "
"enroll. The initial idea was to offer an intensive and academically oriented "
msgstr ""
#. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para>
-#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:6362
+#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:6743
msgid ""
"ODI customizes training for clients as well, for which there is more demand. "
"Custom training usually emerges through an established relationship with an "
msgstr ""
#. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para>
-#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:6371
+#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:6752
msgid ""
"Education about open data is also a part of ODI’s annual summit event, where "
"curated presentations and speakers showcase the work of ODI and its members "
msgstr ""
#. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para>
-#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:6379
+#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:6760
msgid ""
"In addition to memberships and training, ODI provides advisory services to "
"help with technical-data support, technology development, change management, "
msgstr ""
#. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para>
-#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:6388
+#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:6769
msgid ""
"On the commercial side, the following value propositions seem to resonate:"
msgstr ""
#. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><itemizedlist><listitem><para>
-#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:6394
+#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:6775
msgid ""
"Data-driven insights. Businesses need data from outside their business to "
"get more insight. Businesses can generate value and more effectively pursue "
msgstr ""
#. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><itemizedlist><listitem><para>
-#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:6402
+#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:6783
msgid ""
"Open innovation. Many large-scale enterprises are aware they don’t innovate "
"very well. One way they can innovate is to open up their data. ODI "
msgstr ""
#. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><itemizedlist><listitem><para>
-#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:6411
+#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:6792
msgid ""
"Corporate social responsibility. While this resonates with businesses, ODI "
"cautions against having it be the sole reason for making data open. If a "
msgstr ""
#. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para>
-#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:6420
+#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:6801
msgid ""
"During their early years, ODI wanted to focus solely on the United Kingdom. "
"But in their first year, large delegations of government visitors from over "
msgstr ""
#. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para>
-#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:6429
+#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:6810
msgid ""
"Nodes are franchises of the ODI at a regional or city level. Hosted by "
"existing (for-profit or not-for-profit) organizations, they operate locally "
msgstr ""
#. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para><footnote><para>
-#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:6443
+#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:6826
msgid ""
"<ulink url=\"http://theodi.org/odi-startup-programme\"/>; <ulink url="
"\"http://theodi.org/open-data-incubator-for-europe\"/>"
msgstr ""
#. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para>
-#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:6441
+#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:6822
msgid ""
"ODI also runs programs to help start-ups in the UK and across Europe develop "
"a sustainable business around open data, offering mentoring, advice, "
msgstr ""
#. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para>
-#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:6447
+#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:6832
msgid ""
"A big part of ODI’s business model revolves around community building. "
"Memberships, training, summits, consulting services, nodes, and start-up "
msgstr ""
#. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para><footnote><para>
-#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:6461
+#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:6848
msgid "<ulink url=\"http://certificates.theodi.org\"/>"
msgstr ""
#. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para>
-#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:6456
+#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:6841
msgid ""
"ODI has created an online tool that organizations can use to assess the "
"legal, practical, technical, and social aspects of their open data. If it is "
msgstr ""
#. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para>
-#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:6464
+#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:6853
msgid ""
"Separate from commercial activities, the ODI generates funding through "
"research grants. Research includes looking at evidence on the impact of open "
msgstr ""
#. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para>
-#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:6470
+#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:6859
msgid ""
"Creative Commons 4.0 licenses cover database rights and ODI recommends CC "
"BY, CC BY-SA, and CC0 for data releases. ODI encourages publishers of data "
msgstr ""
#. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para>
-#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:6477
+#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:6866
msgid ""
"For ODI, open is at the heart of what they do. They also release any "
"software code they produce under open-source-software licenses, and "
msgstr ""
#. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para>
-#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:6495
+#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:6884
msgid ""
"To serve as evidence of a successful open business model and return on "
"investment, ODI has a public dashboard of key performance indicators. Here "
msgstr ""
#. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><itemizedlist><listitem><para>
-#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:6503
+#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:6892
msgid ""
"Total amount of cash investments unlocked in direct investments in ODI, "
"competition funding, direct contracts, and partnerships, and income that ODI "
msgstr ""
#. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><itemizedlist><listitem><para>
-#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:6511
+#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:6900
msgid "Total number of active members and nodes across the globe: 1,350"
msgstr ""
#. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><itemizedlist><listitem><para>
-#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:6517
+#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:6906
msgid "Total sales since ODI began: £7.44 million"
msgstr ""
#. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><itemizedlist><listitem><para>
-#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:6522
+#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:6911
msgid ""
"Total number of unique people reached since ODI began, in person and online: "
"2.2 million"
msgstr ""
#. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><itemizedlist><listitem><para>
-#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:6528
+#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:6917
msgid "Total Open Data Certificates created: 151,000"
msgstr ""
#. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><itemizedlist><listitem><para><footnote><para>
-#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:6534
+#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:6925
msgid "<ulink url=\"http://dashboards.theodi.org/company/all\"/>"
msgstr ""
#. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><itemizedlist><listitem><para>
-#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:6533
+#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:6922
msgid ""
"Total number of people trained by ODI and its nodes since ODI began: "
"5,080<placeholder type=\"footnote\" id=\"0\"/>"
msgstr ""
#. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><title>
-#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:6540
+#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:6934
msgid "OpenDesk"
msgstr ""
#. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><blockquote><para>
-#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:6543
+#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:6937
msgid ""
"Opendesk is a for-profit company offering an online platform that connects "
"furniture designers around the world with customers and local makers who "
msgstr ""
#. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><blockquote><para>
-#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:6549
+#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:6943
msgid "<ulink url=\"http://www.opendesk.cc\"/>"
msgstr ""
#. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><blockquote><para>
-#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:6551
-#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:8982
+#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:6946
+#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:9486
msgid ""
"<emphasis role=\"strong\">Revenue model</emphasis>: charging a transaction "
"fee"
msgstr ""
#. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><blockquote><para>
-#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:6554
+#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:6950
msgid "<emphasis role=\"strong\">Interview date</emphasis>: November 4, 2015"
msgstr ""
#. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><blockquote><para>
-#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:6557
+#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:6954
msgid ""
"<emphasis role=\"strong\">Interviewees</emphasis>: Nick Ierodiaconou and "
"Joni Steiner, cofounders"
msgstr ""
#. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para>
-#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:6565
+#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:6962
msgid ""
"Opendesk is an online platform that connects furniture designers around the "
"world not just with customers but also with local registered makers who "
msgstr ""
#. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para>
-#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:6571
+#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:6968
msgid ""
"Cofounders Nick Ierodiaconou and Joni Steiner studied and worked as "
"architects together. They also made goods. Their first client was Mint "
msgstr ""
#. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para>
-#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:6588
+#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:6985
msgid ""
"When Nick and Joni set out to create Opendesk, there were a lot of questions "
"about the viability of distributed manufacturing. No one was doing it in a "
msgstr ""
#. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para>
-#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:6595
+#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:6992
msgid ""
"And now this sector is emerging, and Nick and Joni are highly interested in "
"the commercialization aspects of it. As part of coming up with a business "
msgstr ""
#. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para>
-#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:6606
+#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:7003
msgid ""
"When designing the Opendesk system, they had two goals. They wanted anyone, "
"anywhere in the world, to be able to download designs so that they could be "
msgstr ""
#. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para>
-#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:6613
+#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:7010
msgid ""
"They gave a lot of thought to three angles—the potential for social sharing, "
"allowing designers to choose their license, and the impact these choices "
msgstr ""
#. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para>
-#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:6618
+#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:7015
msgid ""
"In support of social sharing, Opendesk actively advocates for (but doesn’t "
"demand) open licensing. And Nick and Joni are agnostic about which Creative "
msgstr ""
#. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para><footnote><para>
-#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:6630
+#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:7029
msgid "<ulink url=\"http://www.opendesk.cc/designers\"/>"
msgstr ""
#. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para>
-#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:6626
+#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:7023
msgid ""
"For the most part, designers love the idea of sharing content. They "
"understand that you get positive feedback when you’re attributed, what Nick "
msgstr ""
#. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para>
-#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:6633
+#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:7034
msgid ""
"While designers are largely OK with personal sharing, there is a concern "
"that someone will take the design and manufacture the furniture in bulk, "
msgstr ""
#. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para>
-#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:6640
+#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:7041
msgid ""
"Anyone can download a design and make it themselves, provided it’s for "
"noncommercial use — and there have been many, many downloads. Or users can "
msgstr ""
#. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para><footnote><para>
-#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:6657
+#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:7060
msgid "<ulink url=\"http://www.opendesk.cc/open-making/makers/\"/>"
msgstr ""
#. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para>
-#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:6650
+#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:7051
msgid ""
"Makers benefit from being part of Opendesk’s network. Making furniture for "
"local customers is paid work, and Opendesk generates business for them. Joni "
msgstr ""
#. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para>
-#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:6660
+#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:7065
msgid ""
"The makers are a critical part of the Opendesk business model. Their model "
"builds off the makers’ quotes. Here’s how it’s expressed on Opendesk’s "
msgstr ""
#. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para>
-#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:6665
+#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:7070
msgid ""
"When customers buy an Opendesk product directly from a registered maker, "
"they pay:"
msgstr ""
#. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><itemizedlist><listitem><para>
-#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:6671
+#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:7076
msgid ""
"the manufacturing cost as set by the maker (this covers material and labour "
"costs for the product to be manufactured and any extra assembly costs "
msgstr ""
#. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><itemizedlist><listitem><para>
-#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:6678
+#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:7083
msgid ""
"a design fee for the designer (a design fee that is paid to the designer "
"every time their design is used)"
msgstr ""
#. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><itemizedlist><listitem><para>
-#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:6684
+#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:7089
msgid ""
"a percentage fee to the Opendesk platform (this supports the infrastructure "
"and ongoing development of the platform that helps us build out our "
msgstr ""
#. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><itemizedlist><listitem><para>
-#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:6691
+#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:7096
msgid ""
"a percentage fee to the channel through which the sale is made (at the "
"moment this is Opendesk, but in the future we aim to open this up to third-"
msgstr ""
#. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><itemizedlist><listitem><para>
-#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:6700
+#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:7105
msgid ""
"a local delivery service charge (the delivery is typically charged by the "
"maker, but in some cases may be paid to a third-party delivery partner)"
msgstr ""
#. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><itemizedlist><listitem><para>
-#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:6707
+#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:7112
msgid ""
"charges for any additional services the customer chooses, such as on-site "
"assembly (additional services are discretionary—in many cases makers will be "
msgstr ""
#. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><itemizedlist><listitem><para><footnote><para>
-#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:6716
+#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:7123
msgid "<ulink url=\"http://www.opendesk.cc/open-making/join\"/>"
msgstr ""
#. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><itemizedlist><listitem><para>
-#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:6715
+#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:7120
msgid ""
"local sales taxes (variable by customer and maker location)<placeholder type="
"\"footnote\" id=\"0\"/>"
msgstr ""
#. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para>
-#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:6721
+#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:7130
msgid "They then go into detail how makers’ quotes are created:"
msgstr ""
#. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para>
-#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:6724
+#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:7133
msgid ""
"When a customer wants to buy an Opendesk . . . they are provided with a "
"transparent breakdown of fees including the manufacturing cost, design fee, "
msgstr ""
#. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><itemizedlist><listitem><para>
-#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:6737
+#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:7146
msgid ""
"manufacturing cost: fabrication, finishing and any other costs as set by the "
"maker (excluding any services like delivery or on-site assembly)"
msgstr ""
#. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><itemizedlist><listitem><para>
-#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:6744
+#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:7153
msgid "design fee: 8 percent of the manufacturing cost"
msgstr ""
#. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><itemizedlist><listitem><para>
-#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:6749
+#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:7158
msgid "platform fee: 12 percent of the manufacturing cost"
msgstr ""
#. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><itemizedlist><listitem><para>
-#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:6754
+#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:7163
msgid "channel fee: 18 percent of the manufacturing cost"
msgstr ""
#. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><itemizedlist><listitem><para>
-#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:6759
+#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:7168
msgid "sales tax: as applicable (depends on product and location)"
msgstr ""
#. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para>
-#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:6764
+#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:7173
msgid ""
"Opendesk shares revenue with their community of designers. According to "
"Nick and Joni, a typical designer fee is around 2.5 percent, so Opendesk’s 8 "
msgstr ""
#. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para>
-#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:6770
+#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:7179
msgid ""
"The Opendesk website features stories of designers and makers. Denis Fuzii "
"published the design for the Valovi Chair from his studio in São Paulo. His "
msgstr ""
#. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para>
-#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:6778
+#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:7187
msgid ""
"To manage resources and remain effective, Opendesk has so far focused on a "
"very narrow niche—primarily office furniture of a certain simple aesthetic, "
msgstr ""
#. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para>
-#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:6787
+#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:7196
msgid ""
"On their website, Opendesk describes what they do as <quote>open making</"
"quote>: <quote>Designers get a global distribution channel. Makers get "
msgstr ""
#. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para>
-#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:6795
+#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:7204
msgid ""
"Nick and Joni say that customers like the fact that the furniture has a "
"known provenance. People really like that their furniture was designed by a "
msgstr ""
#. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para><footnote><para>
-#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:6808
+#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:7219
msgid "<ulink url=\"http://openmaking.is\"/>"
msgstr ""
#. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para>
-#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:6803
+#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:7212
msgid ""
"Nick and Joni are taking a community-based approach to define and evolve "
"Opendesk and the <quote>open making</quote> business model. They’re "
msgstr ""
#. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para>
-#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:6812
+#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:7225
msgid ""
"Nick and Joni talked a lot with us about intellectual property (IP) and "
"commercialization. Many of their designers fear the idea that someone could "
msgstr ""
#. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para>
-#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:6820
+#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:7233
msgid ""
"Opendesk established a set of principles for what their community considers "
"commercial and noncommercial use. Their website states:"
msgstr ""
#. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para>
-#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:6824
+#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:7237
msgid "It is unambiguously commercial use when anyone:"
msgstr ""
#. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><itemizedlist><listitem><para>
-#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:6829
+#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:7242
msgid "charges a fee or makes a profit when making an Opendesk"
msgstr ""
#. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><itemizedlist><listitem><para>
-#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:6834
+#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:7247
msgid "sells (or bases a commercial service on) an Opendesk"
msgstr ""
#. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para>
-#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:6839
+#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:7252
msgid ""
"It follows from this that noncommercial use is when you make an Opendesk "
"yourself, with no intention to gain commercial advantage or monetary "
msgstr ""
#. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><itemizedlist><listitem><para>
-#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:6847
+#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:7260
msgid ""
"you are an individual with your own CNC machine, or access to a shared CNC "
"machine, and will personally cut and make a few pieces of furniture yourself"
msgstr ""
#. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><itemizedlist><listitem><para>
-#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:6854
+#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:7267
msgid ""
"you are a student (or teacher) and you use the design files for educational "
"purposes or training (and do not intend to sell the resulting pieces)"
msgstr ""
#. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><itemizedlist><listitem><para>
-#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:6861
+#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:7274
msgid ""
"you work for a charity and get furniture cut by volunteers, or by employees "
"at a fab lab or maker space"
msgstr ""
#. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para>
-#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:6867
+#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:7280
msgid ""
"Whether or not people technically are doing things that implicate IP, Nick "
"and Joni have found that people tend to comply with the wishes of creators "
msgstr ""
#. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para>
-#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:6878
+#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:7291
msgid ""
"The mission of Opendesk is about relocalizing manufacturing, which changes "
"the way we think about how goods are made. Commercialization is integral to "
msgstr ""
#. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para>
-#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:6885
+#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:7298
msgid ""
"As a global platform for local making, Opendesk’s business model has been "
"built on honesty, transparency, and inclusivity. As Nick and Joni describe "
msgstr ""
#. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><title>
-#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:6892
+#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:7306
msgid "OpenStax"
msgstr ""
#. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><blockquote><para>
-#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:6895
+#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:7309
msgid ""
"OpenStax is a nonprofit that provides free, openly licensed textbooks for "
"high-enrollment introductory college courses and Advanced Placement courses. "
msgstr ""
#. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><blockquote><para>
-#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:6900
+#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:7314
msgid "<ulink url=\"http://www.openstaxcollege.org\"/>"
msgstr ""
#. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><blockquote><para>
-#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:6902
+#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:7317
msgid ""
"<emphasis role=\"strong\">Revenue model</emphasis>: grant funding, charging "
"for custom services, charging for physical copies (textbook sales)"
msgstr ""
#. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><blockquote><para>
-#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:6906
+#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:7322
msgid "<emphasis role=\"strong\">Interview date</emphasis>: December 16, 2015"
msgstr ""
#. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><blockquote><para>
-#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:6909
+#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:7326
msgid ""
"<emphasis role=\"strong\">Interviewee</emphasis>: David Harris, editor-in-"
"chief"
msgstr ""
#. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para>
-#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:6917
+#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:7334
msgid ""
"OpenStax is an extension of a program called Connexions, which was started "
"in 1999 by Dr. Richard Baraniuk, the Victor E. Cameron Professor of "
msgstr ""
#. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para>
-#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:6929
+#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:7346
msgid ""
"In 2008, while in a senior leadership role at WebAssign and looking at ways "
"to reduce the risk that came with relying on publishers, David Harris began "
msgstr ""
#. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para>
-#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:6940
+#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:7357
msgid ""
"David brought with him a deep understanding of the best practices of "
"publishing along with where publishers have inefficiencies. In David’s view, "
msgstr ""
#. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para><footnote><para>
-#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:6958
+#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:7377
msgid ""
"<ulink url=\"http://news.rice.edu/files/2016/01/0119-"
"OPENSTAX-2016Infographic-lg-1tahxiu.jpg\"/>"
msgstr ""
#. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para>
-#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:6952
+#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:7369
msgid ""
"In 2012, OpenStax College launched as a nonprofit with the aim of producing "
"high-quality, peer-reviewed full-color textbooks that would be available for "
msgstr ""
#. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para>
-#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:6962
+#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:7383
msgid ""
"OpenStax textbooks are all Attribution (CC BY) licensed, and each textbook "
"is available as a PDF, an e-book, or web pages. Those who want a physical "
msgstr ""
#. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para>
-#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:6971
+#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:7392
msgid ""
"Teachers are invited to try out a single chapter from one of the textbooks "
"with students. If that goes well, they’re encouraged to adopt the entire "
msgstr ""
#. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para>
-#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:6979
+#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:7400
msgid ""
"Any teacher can post corrections, suggest examples for difficult concepts, "
"or volunteer as an editor or author. As many teachers also want supplemental "
msgstr ""
#. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para><footnote><para>
-#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:6990
+#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:7413
msgid "<ulink url=\"http://openstax.org/adopters\"/>"
msgstr ""
#. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para>
-#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:6986
+#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:7407
msgid ""
"Institutions can stand out by offering students a lower-cost education "
"through the use of OpenStax textbooks; there’s even a textbook-savings "
msgstr ""
#. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para>
-#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:6993
+#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:7418
msgid ""
"Unlike traditional publishers’ monolithic approach of controlling "
"intellectual property, distribution, and so many other aspects, OpenStax has "
msgstr ""
#. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para>
-#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:6999
+#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:7424
msgid ""
"Up-front funding of a professionally produced all-color turnkey textbook is "
"expensive. For this part of their model, OpenStax relies on philanthropy. "
msgstr ""
#. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para>
-#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:7010
+#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:7435
msgid ""
"However, ongoing operations will not rely on foundation grants but instead "
"on funds received through an ecosystem of over forty partners, whereby a "
msgstr ""
#. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para>
-#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:7020
+#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:7445
msgid ""
"Another example is Odigia, who has turned OpenStax books into interactive "
"learning experiences and created additional tools to measure and promote "
msgstr ""
#. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para>
-#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:7030
+#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:7455
msgid ""
"In David’s view, this approach lets the market operate at peak efficiency. "
"OpenStax’s partners don’t have to worry about developing textbook content, "
msgstr ""
#. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para>
-#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:7042
+#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:7467
msgid ""
"OpenStax’s cost of sales to acquire a single student is very, very low and "
"is a fraction of what traditional players in the market face. This year, "
msgstr ""
#. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para>
-#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:7050
+#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:7475
msgid ""
"While OpenStax books are available online for free, many students still want "
"a print copy. Through a partnership with a print and courier company, "
msgstr ""
#. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para>
-#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:7060
+#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:7485
msgid ""
"Campus-based bookstores are part of the OpenStax solution. OpenStax "
"collaborates with NACSCORP (the National Association of College Stores "
msgstr ""
#. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para>
-#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:7073
+#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:7498
msgid ""
"David thinks of the OpenStax model as <quote>OER 2.0.</quote> So what is OER "
"1.0? Historically in the OER field, many OER initiatives have been locally "
msgstr ""
#. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para>
-#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:7081
+#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:7506
msgid ""
"OER 2.0 is about OER intended to be used and adopted on a national level "
"right from the start. This requires a bigger investment up front but pays "
msgstr ""
#. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para>
-#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:7094
+#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:7519
msgid ""
"The process is similar for both models. First they look at the scope and "
"sequence of existing textbooks. They ask questions like what does the "
msgstr ""
#. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para>
-#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:7112
+#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:7537
msgid ""
"All the people involved in this process are paid. OpenStax does not rely on "
"volunteers. Writers, reviewers, illustrators, and editors are all paid an up-"
msgstr ""
#. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para>
-#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:7122
+#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:7547
msgid ""
"David thinks of the Attribution license (CC BY) as the <quote>innovation "
"license.</quote> It’s core to the mission of OpenStax, letting people use "
msgstr ""
#. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para>
-#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:7132
+#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:7557
msgid ""
"Using CC BY is also a good example of using strategies that traditional "
"publishers can’t. Traditional publishers rely on copyright to prevent others "
msgstr ""
#. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para>
-#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:7142
+#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:7567
msgid ""
"As of September 16, 2016, OpenStax has achieved some impressive results. "
"From the OpenStax at a Glance fact sheet from their recent press kit:"
msgstr ""
#. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><itemizedlist><listitem><para>
-#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:7149
+#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:7574
msgid "Books published: 23"
msgstr ""
#. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><itemizedlist><listitem><para>
-#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:7154
+#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:7579
msgid "Students who have used OpenStax: 1.6 million"
msgstr ""
#. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><itemizedlist><listitem><para>
-#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:7159
+#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:7584
msgid "Money saved for students: $155 million"
msgstr ""
#. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><itemizedlist><listitem><para>
-#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:7164
+#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:7589
msgid "Money saved for students in the 2016/17 academic year: $77 million"
msgstr ""
#. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><itemizedlist><listitem><para>
-#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:7170
+#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:7595
msgid ""
"Schools that have used OpenStax: 2,668 (This number reflects all "
"institutions using at least one OpenStax textbook. Out of 2,668 schools, 517 "
msgstr ""
#. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para>
-#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:7179
+#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:7604
msgid ""
"While OpenStax has to date been focused on the United States, there is "
"overseas adoption especially in the science, technology, engineering, and "
msgstr ""
#. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para>
-#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:7186
+#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:7611
msgid ""
"OpenStax has primarily focused on introductory-level college courses where "
"there is high enrollment, but they are starting to think about verticals—a "
msgstr ""
#. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para>
-#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:7194
+#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:7619
msgid ""
"Finally, for OpenStax success is not just about the adoption of their "
"textbooks and student savings. There is a human aspect to the work that is "
msgstr ""
#. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><title>
-#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:7207
+#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:7633
msgid "Amanda Palmer"
msgstr ""
#. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><blockquote><para>
-#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:7210
+#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:7636
msgid "Amanda Palmer is a musician, artist, and writer. Based in the U.S."
msgstr ""
#. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><blockquote><para>
-#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:7214
+#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:7640
msgid "<ulink url=\"http://amandapalmer.net\"/>"
msgstr ""
#. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><blockquote><para>
-#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:7216
+#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:7643
msgid ""
"<emphasis role=\"strong\">Revenue model</emphasis>: crowdfunding "
"(subscription-based), pay-what-you-want, charging for physical copies (book "
msgstr ""
#. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><blockquote><para>
-#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:7221
+#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:7649
msgid "<emphasis role=\"strong\">Interview date</emphasis>: December 15, 2015"
msgstr ""
#. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para><footnote><para>
-#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:7232
+#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:7662
msgid ""
"<ulink url=\"http://www.forbes.com/sites/zackomalleygreenburg/2015/04/16/"
"amanda-palmer-uncut-the-kickstarter-queen-on-spotify-patreon-and-taylor-"
msgstr ""
#. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para>
-#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:7229
+#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:7657
msgid ""
"Since the beginning of her career, Amanda Palmer has been on what she calls "
"a <quote>journey with no roadmap,</quote> continually experimenting to find "
msgstr ""
#. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para>
-#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:7235
+#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:7667
msgid ""
"In her best-selling book, The Art of Asking, Amanda articulates exactly what "
"she has been and continues to strive for—<quote>the ideal sweet spot . . . "
msgstr ""
#. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para>
-#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:7242
+#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:7674
msgid ""
"While she seems to have successfully found that sweet spot for herself, "
"Amanda is the first to acknowledge there is no silver bullet. She thinks the "
msgstr ""
#. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para>
-#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:7251
+#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:7683
msgid ""
"Amanda began her artistic career as a street performer. She would dress up "
"in an antique wedding gown, paint her face white, stand on a stack of milk "
msgstr ""
#. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para>
-#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:7265
+#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:7697
msgid ""
"Amanda has come a long way from her street-performing days, but her career "
"remains dominated by that same sentiment—finding ways to reach <quote>her "
msgstr ""
#. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para>
-#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:7276
+#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:7708
msgid ""
"After leaving the record label in 2008, she began experimenting with "
"different ways to make a living. She released music directly to the public "
msgstr ""
#. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para>
-#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:7288
+#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:7720
msgid ""
"Today, Amanda has switched gears away from crowdfunding for specific "
"projects to instead getting consistent financial support from her fan base "
msgstr ""
#. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para>
-#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:7300
+#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:7732
msgid ""
"Making her music and art available under Creative Commons licensing "
"undoubtedly limits her options for how she makes a living. But sharing her "
msgstr ""
#. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para>
-#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:7318
+#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:7750
msgid ""
"Amanda embraces the way her fans share and build upon her music. In The Art "
"of Asking, she wrote that some of her fans’ unofficial videos using her "
msgstr ""
#. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para>
-#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:7326
+#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:7758
msgid ""
"This is symbolic of how nearly everything she does in her career is "
"motivated by a desire to connect with her fans. At the start of her career, "
msgstr ""
#. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para>
-#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:7336
+#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:7768
msgid ""
"Even though her fan base is now huge and global, she continues to seek this "
"sort of human connection with her fans. She seeks out face-to-face contact "
msgstr ""
#. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para>
-#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:7348
+#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:7780
msgid ""
"Another part of the connection fans feel with Amanda is how much they know "
"about her life. Rather than trying to craft a public persona or image, she "
msgstr ""
#. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para>
-#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:7357
+#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:7790
msgid ""
"<quote>With social media, we’re so concerned with the picture looking "
"palatable and consumable that we forget that being human and showing the "
msgstr ""
#. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para>
-#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:7366
+#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:7799
msgid ""
"Not only does she disclose intimate details of her life to them, she sleeps "
"on their couches, listens to their stories, cries with them. In short, she "
msgstr ""
#. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para>
-#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:7376
+#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:7809
msgid ""
"After years of investing time and energy into building trust with her fans, "
"she has a strong enough relationship with them to ask for support—through "
msgstr ""
#. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para>
-#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:7385
+#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:7819
msgid ""
"<quote>When you openly, radically trust people, they not only take care of "
"you, they become your allies, your family,</quote> she wrote. There really "
msgstr ""
#. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para>
-#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:7393
+#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:7827
msgid ""
"This sort of intimacy with fans is not possible or even desirable for every "
"creator. <quote>I don’t take for granted that I happen to be the type of "
msgstr ""
#. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para>
-#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:7403
+#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:7837
msgid ""
"Yet while Amanda joyfully interacts with her fans and involves them in her "
"work as much as possible, she does keep one job primarily to herself—writing "
msgstr ""
#. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para>
-#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:7416
+#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:7850
msgid ""
"For Amanda, the entire point of being an artist is to establish and maintain "
"this connection. <quote>It sounds so corny,</quote> she said, <quote>but my "
msgstr ""
#. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para>
-#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:7426
+#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:7860
msgid ""
"As she explains it, when a fan gives her a ten-dollar bill, usually what "
"they are saying is that the money symbolizes some deeper value the music "
msgstr ""
#. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><title>
-#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:7437
+#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:7872
msgid "PLOS (Public Library of Science)"
msgstr ""
#. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><blockquote><para>
-#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:7440
+#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:7875
msgid ""
"PLOS (Public Library of Science) is a nonprofit that publishes a library of "
"academic journals and other scientific literature. Founded in 2000 in the U."
msgstr ""
#. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><blockquote><para>
-#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:7445
+#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:7880
msgid "<ulink url=\"http://plos.org\"/>"
msgstr ""
#. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><blockquote><para>
-#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:7447
+#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:7883
msgid ""
"<emphasis role=\"strong\">Revenue model</emphasis>: charging content "
"creators an author processing charge to be featured in the journal"
msgstr ""
#. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><blockquote><para>
-#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:7451
+#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:7888
msgid "<emphasis role=\"strong\">Interview date</emphasis>: March 7, 2016"
msgstr ""
#. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><blockquote><para>
-#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:7453
+#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:7891
msgid ""
"<emphasis role=\"strong\">Interviewee</emphasis>: Louise Page, publisher"
msgstr ""
#. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para>
-#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:7461
+#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:7899
msgid ""
"The Public Library of Science (PLOS) began in 2000 when three leading "
"scientists—Harold E. Varmus, Patrick O. Brown, and Michael Eisen—started an "
msgstr ""
#. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para>
-#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:7475
+#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:7913
msgid ""
"Traditionally, academic publishing begins with an author submitting a "
"manuscript to a publisher. After in-house technical and ethical "
msgstr ""
#. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para>
-#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:7486
+#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:7924
msgid ""
"For Louise Page, the current publisher of PLOS, this traditional model "
"results in inequity. Access is restricted to those who can pay. Most "
msgstr ""
#. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para>
-#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:7498
+#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:7936
msgid ""
"That new model became known as open access. That is, free and open "
"availability on the Internet. Open-access research articles are not behind a "
msgstr ""
#. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para>
-#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:7510
+#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:7948
msgid ""
"However, open access requires rethinking the business model of research "
"publication. Rather than charge a subscription fee to access the journal, "
msgstr ""
#. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para>
-#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:7522
+#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:7960
msgid ""
"Calculating the article-processing charge involves taking all the costs "
"associated with publishing the journal and determining a cost per article "
msgstr ""
#. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para>
-#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:7531
+#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:7969
msgid ""
"PLOS believes that lack of funds should not be a barrier to publication. "
"Since its inception, PLOS has provided fee support for individuals and "
msgstr ""
#. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para>
-#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:7537
+#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:7975
msgid ""
"Louise identifies marketing as one area of big difference between PLOS and "
"traditional journal publishers. Traditional journals have to invest heavily "
msgstr ""
#. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para>
-#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:7554
+#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:7992
msgid ""
"For Louise, PLOS would not exist without the Attribution license (CC BY). "
"This makes it very clear what rights are associated with the content and "
msgstr ""
#. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para>
-#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:7562
+#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:8000
msgid ""
"PLOS also has a broad open-data policy. To get their research paper "
"published, PLOS authors must also make their data available in a public "
msgstr ""
#. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para>
-#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:7567
+#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:8005
msgid ""
"Business-operation costs associated with the open-access model still largely "
"follow the existing publishing model. PLOS journals are online only, but the "
msgstr ""
#. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para>
-#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:7576
+#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:8014
msgid ""
"Researchers are influenced by journal rankings, which reflect the place of a "
"journal within its field, the relative difficulty of being published in that "
msgstr ""
#. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para>
-#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:7582
+#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:8020
msgid ""
"The promotion and tenure of researchers are partially based how many times "
"other researchers cite their articles. Louise says when researchers want to "
msgstr ""
#. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para>
-#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:7591
+#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:8029
msgid ""
"Louise believes that open access has been a huge success, progressing from a "
"movement led by a small cadre of researchers to something that is now "
msgstr ""
#. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para>
-#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:7599
+#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:8037
msgid ""
"PLOS further disrupted the traditional journal-publishing model by "
"pioneering the concept of a megajournal. The PLOS ONE megajournal, launched "
msgstr ""
#. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para>
-#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:7623
+#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:8061
msgid ""
"Louise outlined some other aspects of the research-journal business model "
"PLOS is experimenting with, describing each as a kind of slider that could "
msgstr ""
#. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para>
-#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:7628
+#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:8066
msgid ""
"One slider is time to publication. Time to publication may shorten as "
"journals get better at providing quicker decisions to authors. However, "
msgstr ""
#. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para>
-#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:7635
+#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:8073
msgid ""
"Peer review is another part of the process that could change. It’s possible "
"to redefine what peer review actually is, when to review, and what "
msgstr ""
#. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para>
-#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:7647
+#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:8085
msgid ""
"Louise says research with negative outcomes is almost as important as "
"positive results. If journals published more research with negative "
msgstr ""
#. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para>
-#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:7654
+#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:8092
msgid ""
"Another adjustable practice is the sharing of articles at early preprint "
"stages. Publication of research in a peer-reviewed journal can take a long "
msgstr ""
#. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para>
-#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:7672
+#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:8110
msgid ""
"What constitutes a journal article could also change. The idea of a research "
"article as printed, bound, and in a library stack is outdated. Digital and "
msgstr ""
#. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para><footnote><para>
-#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:7686
+#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:8126
msgid "<ulink url=\"http://collections.plos.org\"/>"
msgstr ""
#. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para><footnote><para>
-#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:7690
+#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:8134
msgid "<ulink url=\"http://plos.org/article-level-metrics\"/>"
msgstr ""
#. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para>
-#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:7682
+#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:8120
msgid ""
"As journals scale up, and new journals are introduced, more and more "
"information is being pushed out to readers, making the experience feel like "
msgstr ""
#. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para>
-#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:7695
+#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:8141
msgid ""
"The big picture for PLOS going forward is to combine and adjust these "
"experimental practices in ways that continue to improve accessibility and "
msgstr ""
#. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para>
-#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:7705
+#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:8151
msgid ""
"For PLOS, success is not about revenue. Success is about proving that "
"scientific research can be communicated rapidly and economically at scale, "
msgstr ""
#. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para>
-#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:7715
+#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:8161
msgid ""
"Ultimately, for PLOS, its authors, and its readers, success is about making "
"research discoverable, available, and reproducible for the advancement of "
msgstr ""
#. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><title>
-#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:7721
+#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:8168
msgid "Rijksmuseum"
msgstr ""
#. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><blockquote><para>
-#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:7724
+#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:8171
msgid ""
"The Rijksmuseum is a Dutch national museum dedicated to art and history. "
"Founded in 1800 in the Netherlands"
msgstr ""
#. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><blockquote><para>
-#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:7728
+#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:8175
msgid "<ulink url=\"http://www.rijksmuseum.nl\"/>"
msgstr ""
#. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><blockquote><para>
-#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:7730
+#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:8178
msgid ""
"<emphasis role=\"strong\">Revenue model</emphasis>: grants and government "
"funding, charging for in-person version (museum admission), selling "
msgstr ""
#. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><blockquote><para>
-#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:7734
+#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:8183
msgid "<emphasis role=\"strong\">Interview date</emphasis>: December 11, 2015"
msgstr ""
#. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><blockquote><para>
-#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:7737
+#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:8187
msgid ""
"<emphasis role=\"strong\">Interviewee</emphasis>: Lizzy Jongma, the data "
"manager of the collections information department"
msgstr ""
#. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para>
-#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:7745
+#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:8195
msgid ""
"The Rijksmuseum, a national museum in the Netherlands dedicated to art and "
"history, has been housed in its current building since 1885. The monumental "
msgstr ""
#. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para>
-#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:7761
+#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:8211
msgid ""
"By the time Lizzy Jongma joined the Rijksmuseum in 2011 as a data manager, "
"staff were fed up with the situation the museum was in. They also realized "
msgstr ""
#. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para>
-#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:7775
+#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:8225
msgid ""
"It was effective but a bit boring. It was just data. A hackathon they were "
"invited to got them to start talking about events like that as having "
msgstr ""
#. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para><footnote><para>
-#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:7786
+#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:8238
msgid "<ulink url=\"http://www.europeana.eu/portal/en\"/>"
msgstr ""
#. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para>
-#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:7784
+#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:8234
msgid ""
"Then, Lizzy says, Europeana came along. Europeana is Europe’s digital "
"library, museum, and archive for cultural heritage.<placeholder type="
msgstr ""
#. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para>
-#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:7798
+#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:8252
msgid ""
"They realized that they don’t <quote>own</quote> the collection and couldn’t "
"realistically monitor and enforce compliance with the restrictive licensing "
msgstr ""
#. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para>
-#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:7811
+#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:8265
msgid ""
"In 2011 the Rijksmuseum began making their digital photos of works known to "
"be free of copyright available online, using Creative Commons CC0 to place "
msgstr ""
#. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para>
-#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:7825
+#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:8279
msgid ""
"In 2013 the Rijksmuseum changed its business model. They Creative Commons "
"licensed their highest-quality images and released them online for free. "
msgstr ""
#. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para>
-#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:7836
+#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:8290
msgid ""
"Releasing these high-quality images for free reduced the number of poor-"
"quality images that were proliferating. The high-quality image of Vermeer’s "
msgstr ""
#. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para>
-#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:7851
+#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:8305
msgid ""
"Every museum tends to be driven by the number of physical visitors. The "
"Rijksmuseum is primarily publicly funded, receiving roughly 70 percent of "
msgstr ""
#. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para>
-#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:7859
+#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:8313
msgid ""
"As museums create a digital presence for themselves and put up digital "
"representations of their collection online, there’s frequently a worry that "
msgstr ""
#. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para><footnote><para>
-#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:7879
+#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:8335
msgid "<ulink url=\"http://www.rijksmuseum.nl/en/rijksstudio\"/>"
msgstr ""
#. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para>
-#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:7873
+#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:8327
msgid ""
"In 2011 the Rijksmuseum received €1 million from the Dutch lottery to create "
"a new web presence that would be different from any other museum’s. In "
msgstr ""
#. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para>
-#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:7882
+#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:8340
msgid ""
"The Rijksstudio gives users access to over two hundred thousand high-quality "
"digital representations of masterworks from the collection. Users can zoom "
msgstr ""
#. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para>
-#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:7893
+#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:8351
msgid ""
"Users have created over 276,000 Rijksstudios, generating their own themed "
"virtual exhibitions on a wide variety of topics ranging from tapestries to "
msgstr ""
#. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para>
-#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:7900
+#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:8358
msgid ""
"Some contemporary artists who have works in the Rijksmuseum collection "
"contacted them to ask why their works were not included in the Rijksstudio. "
msgstr ""
#. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para><footnote><para>
-#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:7920
+#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:8380
msgid ""
"<ulink url=\"http://www.etsy.com/ca/listing/175696771/fringe-kimono-silk-"
"kimono-kimono-robe\"/>"
msgstr ""
#. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para>
-#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:7911
+#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:8369
msgid ""
"The Rijksmuseum believes that art stimulates entrepreneurial activity. The "
"line between creative and commercial can be blurry. As Lizzy says, even "
msgstr ""
#. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para><footnote><para>
-#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:7924
+#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:8388
msgid ""
"<ulink url=\"http://www.rijksmuseum.nl/en/rijksstudio-award\"/>; the 2014 "
"award: <ulink url=\"http://www.rijksmuseum.nl/en/rijksstudio-award-2014\"/>; "
msgstr ""
#. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para><footnote><para>
-#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:7936
+#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:8404
msgid ""
"<ulink url=\"http://www.rijksmuseum.nl/nl/rijksstudio/142328--nominees-"
"rijksstudio-award/creaties/ba595afe-452d-46bd-9c8c-48dcbdd7f0a4\"/>"
msgstr ""
#. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para>
-#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:7923
+#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:8385
msgid ""
"In 2013 the Rijksmuseum organized their first high-profile design "
"competition, known as the Rijksstudio Award.<placeholder type=\"footnote\" "
msgstr ""
#. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para>
-#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:7942
+#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:8412
msgid ""
"For the next iteration of the Rijksstudio, the Rijksmuseum is considering an "
"upload tool, for people to upload their own works of art, and enhanced "
msgstr ""
#. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para>
-#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:7948
+#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:8418
msgid ""
"Going with a more open business model generated lots of publicity for the "
"Rijksmuseum. They were one of the first museums to open up their collection "
msgstr ""
#. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para>
-#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:7957
+#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:8427
msgid ""
"The Rijksmuseum has been experimenting with other ways to invite the public "
"to look at and interact with their collection. On an international day "
msgstr ""
#. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para>
-#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:7970
+#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:8440
msgid ""
"For the Rijksmuseum, adopting an open business model was scary. They came "
"up with many worst-case scenarios, imagining all kinds of awful things "
msgstr ""
#. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><title>
-#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:7990
+#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:8461
msgid "Shareable"
msgstr ""
#. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><blockquote><para>
-#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:7993
+#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:8464
msgid ""
"Shareable is an online magazine about sharing. Founded in 2009 in the U.S."
msgstr ""
#. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><blockquote><para>
-#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:7997
+#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:8468
msgid "<ulink url=\"http://www.shareable.net\"/>"
msgstr ""
#. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><blockquote><para>
-#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:7999
+#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:8471
msgid ""
"<emphasis role=\"strong\">Revenue model</emphasis>: grant funding, "
"crowdfunding (project-based), donations, sponsorships"
msgstr ""
#. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><blockquote><para>
-#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:8002
+#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:8475
msgid "<emphasis role=\"strong\">Interview date</emphasis>: February 24, 2016"
msgstr ""
#. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><blockquote><para>
-#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:8005
+#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:8479
msgid ""
"<emphasis role=\"strong\">Interviewee</emphasis>: Neal Gorenflo, cofounder "
"and executive editor"
msgstr ""
#. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para>
-#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:8013
+#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:8487
msgid ""
"In 2013, Shareable faced an impasse. The nonprofit online publication had "
"helped start a sharing movement four years prior, but over time, they "
msgstr ""
#. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para>
-#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:8024
+#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:8498
msgid ""
"As an organization, Shareable decided to draw a line in the sand. In 2013, "
"the cofounder and executive editor Neal Gorenflo wrote an opinion piece in "
msgstr ""
#. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para>
-#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:8036
+#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:8510
msgid ""
"Neal said their public critique of the corporate sharing economy defined "
"what Shareable was and is. He does not think the magazine would still be "
msgstr ""
#. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para>
-#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:8046
+#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:8520
msgid ""
"Interestingly, impassioned supporters are only a small sliver of Shareable’s "
"total audience. Most are casual readers who come across a Shareable story "
msgstr ""
#. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para>
-#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:8057
+#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:8531
msgid ""
"Shareable is a magazine, but the content they publish is a means to "
"furthering their role as a leader and catalyst of a movement. Shareable "
msgstr ""
#. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para>
-#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:8069
+#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:8543
msgid ""
"They have worked hard to find ways to tell stories that show different "
"metrics for success. <quote>We wanted to change the notion of what "
msgstr ""
#. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para>
-#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:8081
+#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:8555
msgid ""
"More than half of Shareable’s stories are written by paid journalists that "
"are contracted by the magazine. <quote>Particularly in content areas that "
msgstr ""
#. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para>
-#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:8096
+#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:8570
msgid ""
"All of Shareable’s original content is published under the Attribution "
"license (CC BY), meaning it can be used for any purpose as long as credit is "
msgstr ""
#. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para>
-#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:8111
+#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:8585
msgid ""
"In addition to their regular news and commentary online, Shareable has also "
"experimented with book publishing. In 2012, they worked with a traditional "
msgstr ""
#. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para>
-#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:8121
+#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:8595
msgid ""
"In 2016, Shareable self-published a book of curated Shareable stories called "
"How to: Share, Save Money and Have Fun. The book was available for sale, but "
msgstr ""
#. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para>
-#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:8128
+#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:8602
msgid ""
"This recent book is one of many fund-raising experiments Shareable has "
"conducted in recent years. Currently, Shareable is primarily funded by "
msgstr ""
#. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para>
-#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:8138
+#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:8612
msgid ""
"For Shareable, success is very much about their impact on the world. This is "
"true for Neal, but also for everyone who works for Shareable. <quote>We "
msgstr ""
#. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para>
-#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:8151
+#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:8625
msgid ""
"In 2013, Shareable ran its first crowdfunding campaign to launch their "
"Sharing Cities Network. Neal said at first they were on pace to fail "
msgstr ""
#. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para>
-#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:8161
+#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:8635
msgid ""
"For Neal, this symbolized how so much of success comes down to "
"relationships. Over time, Shareable has invested time and energy into the "
msgstr ""
#. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para>
-#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:8168
+#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:8642
msgid ""
"Shareable began hosting events in 2010. These events were designed to bring "
"the sharing community together. But over time they realized they could reach "
msgstr ""
#. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para>
-#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:8185
+#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:8659
msgid ""
"Neal says Shareable stumbled upon this strategy, but it seems to perfectly "
"encapsulate just how the commons is supposed to work. Rather than a one-"
msgstr ""
#. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><title>
-#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:8193
+#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:8667
msgid "Siyavula"
msgstr ""
#. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><blockquote><para>
-#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:8196
+#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:8670
msgid ""
"Siyavula is a for-profit educational-technology company that creates "
"textbooks and integrated learning experiences. Founded in 2012 in South "
msgstr ""
#. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><blockquote><para>
-#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:8201
+#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:8675
msgid "<ulink url=\"http://www.siyavula.com\"/>"
msgstr ""
#. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><blockquote><para>
-#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:8203
+#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:8678
msgid ""
"<emphasis role=\"strong\">Revenue model</emphasis>: charging for custom "
"services, sponsorships"
msgstr ""
#. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><blockquote><para>
-#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:8206
+#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:8682
msgid "<emphasis role=\"strong\">Interview date</emphasis>: April 5, 2016"
msgstr ""
#. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><blockquote><para>
-#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:8208
+#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:8685
msgid "<emphasis role=\"strong\">Interviewee</emphasis>: Mark Horner, CEO"
msgstr ""
#. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para>
-#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:8215
+#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:8692
msgid ""
"Openness is a key principle for Siyavula. They believe that every learner "
"and teacher should have access to high-quality educational resources, as "
msgstr ""
#. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para>
-#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:8223
+#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:8700
msgid ""
"In terms of creating an open business model that involves Creative Commons, "
"Siyavula—and its founder, Mark Horner—have been around the block a few "
msgstr ""
#. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para>
-#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:8230
+#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:8707
msgid ""
"It all started in 2002, when Mark and several other colleagues at the "
"University of Cape Town in South Africa founded the Free High School Science "
msgstr ""
#. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para><footnote><para>
-#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:8241
+#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:8720
msgid "<ulink url=\"http://www.gnu.org/licenses/fdl\"/>"
msgstr ""
#. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para>
-#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:8238
+#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:8715
msgid ""
"As physicists, Mark and his colleagues were advocates of open-source "
"software. To make the books open and free, they adopted the Free Software "
msgstr ""
#. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para>
-#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:8247
+#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:8728
msgid ""
"In 2007, the Shuttleworth Foundation offered funding support to make the "
"textbooks available for trial use at more schools. Surveys before and after "
msgstr ""
#. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para>
-#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:8255
+#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:8736
msgid ""
"But the development of new textbooks froze at this stage. Mark shifted his "
"focus to rural schools, which didn’t have textbooks at all, and looked into "
msgstr ""
#. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para><footnote><para>
-#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:8265
+#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:8748
msgid "<ulink url=\"http://www.capetowndeclaration.org\"/>"
msgstr ""
#. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para>
-#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:8261
+#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:8742
msgid ""
"In 2007, Shuttleworth and the Open Society Institute convened a group of "
"open-education activists for a small but lively meeting in Cape Town. One "
msgstr ""
#. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para>
-#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:8270
+#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:8755
msgid ""
"They wrote six original textbooks. A small publishing company offered "
"Shuttleworth the option to buy out the publisher’s existing K–9 content for "
msgstr ""
#. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para>
-#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:8278
+#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:8763
msgid ""
"Mark wanted to build out the remaining curricula collaboratively through "
"communities of practice—that is, with fellow educators and writers. Although "
msgstr ""
#. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para><footnote><para>
-#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:8297
+#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:8784
msgid "<ulink url=\"http://cnx.org\"/>"
msgstr ""
#. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para>
-#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:8293
+#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:8778
msgid ""
"Not only did Mark want the resources to be shareable, he wanted all teachers "
"to be able to remix and edit the content. Mark and his team had to come up "
msgstr ""
#. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para>
-#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:8301
+#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:8790
msgid ""
"Then the Shuttleworth Foundation decided to completely restructure its work "
"as a foundation into a fellowship model (for reasons completely unrelated to "
msgstr ""
#. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para>
-#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:8308
+#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:8797
msgid ""
"Mark and his team experimented with several different strategies. They "
"tried creating an authoring and hosting platform called Full Marks so that "
msgstr ""
#. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para>
-#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:8316
+#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:8805
msgid ""
"Then the South African government approached Siyavula with an interest in "
"printing out the original six Free High School Science Texts (math and "
msgstr ""
#. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para>
-#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:8324
+#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:8813
msgid ""
"They began to conceive of the six books as having massive marketing "
"potential for Siyavula. Printing Siyavula books for every kid in South "
msgstr ""
#. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para>
-#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:8333
+#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:8822
msgid ""
"Mark and his team began imagining what they could develop beyond what was in "
"the textbooks as a service they charge for. One key thing you can’t do well "
msgstr ""
#. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para>
-#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:8346
+#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:8835
msgid ""
"The costs for using Intelligent Practice were set very low, making it "
"accessible even to those with limited financial means. Siyavula was going "
msgstr ""
#. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para>
-#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:8352
+#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:8841
msgid ""
"The government distributed the books to 1.5 million students, but there was "
"an unexpected wrinkle: the books were delivered late. Rather than wait, "
msgstr ""
#. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para>
-#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:8361
+#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:8850
msgid ""
"Siyavula’s site did see a dramatic increase in traffic. They got five "
"hundred thousand visitors per month to their math site and the same number "
msgstr ""
#. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para>
-#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:8370
+#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:8859
msgid ""
"At first, the Intelligent Practice services could only be paid using a "
"credit card. This proved problematic, especially for those in the low-income "
msgstr ""
#. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para>
-#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:8379
+#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:8868
msgid ""
"Mark describes this as the first version of Siyavula’s business model: open "
"textbooks serving as marketing material and driving traffic to your site, "
msgstr ""
#. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para>
-#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:8385
+#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:8874
msgid ""
"For Mark a key decision for Siyavula’s business was to focus on how they can "
"add value on top of their basic service. They’ll charge only if they are "
msgstr ""
#. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para>
-#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:8394
+#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:8883
msgid ""
"Version two of Siyavula’s business model was a big, ambitious idea—scale up. "
"They also decided to sell the Intelligent Practice service to schools "
msgstr ""
#. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para>
-#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:8405
+#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:8894
msgid ""
"Teachers get a dashboard that allows them to monitor the progress of an "
"entire class or view an individual learner’s results. They can see the "
msgstr ""
#. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para>
-#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:8414
+#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:8903
msgid ""
"Based on the success of this effort, Siyavula decided to substantially "
"increase the production of open educational resources so they could provide "
msgstr ""
#. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para><footnote><para>
-#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:8425
+#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:8916
msgid "<ulink url=\"http://www.siyavula.com/products-primary-school.html\"/>"
msgstr ""
#. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para>
-#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:8422
+#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:8911
msgid ""
"In partnership with, and sponsored by, the Sasol Inzalo Foundation, Siyavula "
"produced a series of natural sciences and technology workbooks for grades 4 "
msgstr ""
#. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para>
-#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:8429
+#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:8922
msgid ""
"Through this experience, Siyavula learned they could get sponsors to help "
"fund openly licensed textbooks. It helped that Siyavula had by this time "
msgstr ""
#. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para>
-#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:8439
+#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:8932
msgid ""
"The Siyavula books that are reviewed, approved, and branded by the "
"government are freely and openly available on Siyavula’s website under an "
msgstr ""
#. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para>
-#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:8447
+#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:8940
msgid ""
"Although the South African government paid to print and distribute hard "
"copies of the books to schoolkids, Siyavula itself received no funding from "
msgstr ""
#. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para>
-#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:8458
+#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:8951
msgid ""
"Using Siyavula books generated huge savings for the government. Providing "
"students with a traditionally published grade 12 science or math textbook "
msgstr ""
#. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para>
-#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:8468
+#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:8961
msgid ""
"Just as Siyavula was planning to scale up the production of open textbooks "
"even more, the South African government changed its textbook policy. To save "
msgstr ""
#. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para>
-#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:8476
+#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:8969
msgid ""
"Rather than producing more textbooks, Siyavula focused on improving its "
"Intelligent Practice technology for its existing books. Mark calls this "
msgstr ""
#. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para>
-#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:8487
+#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:8980
msgid ""
"Mark says sales are way up, and they are really nailing Intelligent "
"Practice. Schools continue to use their open textbooks. The government-"
msgstr ""
#. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para>
-#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:8494
+#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:8987
msgid ""
"Siyavula is exploring a range of enhancements to their business model. These "
"include charging a small amount for assessment services provided over the "
msgstr ""
#. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para>
-#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:8502
+#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:8995
msgid ""
"Siyavula is a for-profit business but one with a social mission. Their "
"shareholders’ agreement lists lots of requirements around openness for "
msgstr ""
#. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><title>
-#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:8518
+#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:9012
msgid "SparkFun"
msgstr ""
#. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><blockquote><para>
-#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:8521
+#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:9015
msgid ""
"SparkFun is an online electronics retailer specializing in open hardware. "
"Founded in 2003 in the U.S."
msgstr ""
#. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><blockquote><para>
-#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:8525
+#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:9019
msgid "<ulink url=\"http://www.sparkfun.com\"/>"
msgstr ""
#. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><blockquote><para>
-#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:8527
+#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:9022
msgid ""
"<emphasis role=\"strong\">Revenue model</emphasis>: charging for physical "
"copies (electronics sales)"
msgstr ""
#. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><blockquote><para>
-#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:8530
+#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:9026
msgid "<emphasis role=\"strong\">Interview date</emphasis>: February 29, 2016"
msgstr ""
#. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><blockquote><para>
-#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:8533
+#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:9030
msgid ""
"<emphasis role=\"strong\">Interviewee</emphasis>: Nathan Seidle, founder"
msgstr ""
#. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para>
-#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:8541
+#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:9038
msgid ""
"SparkFun founder and former CEO Nathan Seidle has a picture of himself "
"holding up a clone of a SparkFun product in an electronics market in China, "
msgstr ""
#. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para>
-#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:8547
+#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:9045
msgid ""
"<quote>Being copied is the greatest earmark of flattery and success,</quote> "
"Nathan said. <quote>I thought it was so cool that they were selling to a "
msgstr ""
#. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para>
-#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:8553
+#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:9051
msgid ""
"This worldview runs through everything SparkFun does. SparkFun is an "
"electronics manufacturer. The company sells its products directly to the "
msgstr ""
#. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para>
-#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:8562
+#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:9060
msgid ""
"Nathan believes open licensing is good for the world. <quote>It touches on "
"our natural human instinct to share,</quote> he said. But he also strongly "
msgstr ""
#. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para>
-#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:8571
+#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:9070
msgid ""
"<quote>We compete on business principles,</quote> Nathan said. "
"<quote>Claiming your territory with intellectual property allows you to get "
msgstr ""
#. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para>
-#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:8577
+#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:9076
msgid ""
"The result is an intense company-wide focus on product development and "
"improvement. <quote>Our products are so much better than they were five "
msgstr ""
#. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para>
-#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:8587
+#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:9086
msgid ""
"SparkFun parts are available on eBay for lower prices. But people come "
"directly to SparkFun because SparkFun makes their lives easier. The example "
msgstr ""
#. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para>
-#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:8597
+#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:9096
msgid ""
"SparkFun’s company history began in Nathan’s college dorm room. He spent a "
"lot of time experimenting with and building electronics, and he realized "
msgstr ""
#. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para>
-#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:8609
+#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:9108
msgid ""
"Once he started designing his own products, he began putting the software "
"and schematics online to help with technical support. After doing some "
msgstr ""
#. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para>
-#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:8618
+#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:9117
msgid ""
"The company has grown from a solo project to a corporation with 140 "
"employees. In 2015, SparkFun earned $33 million in revenue. Selling "
msgstr ""
#. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para>
-#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:8627
+#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:9126
msgid ""
"SparkFun also has an educational department dedicated to creating a hands-on "
"curriculum to teach students about electronics using prototyping parts. "
msgstr ""
#. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para>
-#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:8634
+#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:9134
msgid ""
"<quote>We have the burden and opportunity to educate the next generation of "
"technical citizens,</quote> Nathan said. <quote>Our goal is to affect the "
msgstr ""
#. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para>
-#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:8640
+#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:9140
msgid ""
"The Creative Commons license underlying all of SparkFun’s products is "
"central to this mission. The license not only signals a willingness to "
msgstr ""
#. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para>
-#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:8651
+#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:9151
msgid ""
"From the beginning, Nathan has tried to create a work environment at "
"SparkFun that he himself would want to work in. The result is what appears "
msgstr ""
#. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para>
-#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:8662
+#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:9162
msgid ""
"The public event, called the Autonomous Vehicle Competition, brings in a "
"thousand to two thousand customers and other technology enthusiasts from "
msgstr ""
#. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para>
-#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:8676
+#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:9176
msgid ""
"Nathan has worked hard to imbue a deeper meaning into the work SparkFun "
"does. The company is, of course, focused on being fiscally responsible, but "
msgstr ""
#. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para>
-#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:8686
+#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:9186
msgid ""
"The company is committed to transparency and shares all of its financials "
"with its employees. They also generally strive to avoid being another "
msgstr ""
#. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para>
-#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:8693
+#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:9193
msgid ""
"SparkFun’s customer base is largely made up of industrious electronics "
"enthusiasts. They have customers who are regularly involved in the company’s "
msgstr ""
#. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para>
-#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:8705
+#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:9205
msgid ""
"However, this sort of customer engagement does not always translate to "
"people actively contributing to SparkFun’s projects. The company has a "
msgstr ""
#. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para>
-#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:8716
+#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:9216
msgid ""
"Rather than focusing on cocreation with their customers, SparkFun instead "
"focuses on enabling people to copy, tinker, and improve products on their "
msgstr ""
#. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para>
-#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:8726
+#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:9226
msgid ""
"Obviously, opening up the design of their products is a necessary step if "
"their goal is to empower the public. Nathan also firmly believes it makes "
msgstr ""
#. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><title>
-#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:8740
+#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:9240
msgid "TeachAIDS"
msgstr ""
#. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><blockquote><para>
-#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:8743
+#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:9243
msgid ""
"TeachAIDS is a nonprofit that creates educational materials designed to "
"teach people around the world about HIV and AIDS. Founded in 2005 in the U."
msgstr ""
#. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><blockquote><para>
-#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:8748
+#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:9248
msgid "<ulink url=\"http://teachaids.org\"/>"
msgstr ""
#. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><blockquote><para>
-#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:8750
+#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:9251
msgid "<emphasis role=\"strong\">Revenue model</emphasis>: sponsorships"
msgstr ""
#. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><blockquote><para>
-#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:8752
+#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:9254
msgid "<emphasis role=\"strong\">Interview date</emphasis>: March 24, 2016"
msgstr ""
#. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><blockquote><para>
-#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:8755
+#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:9258
msgid ""
"<emphasis role=\"strong\">Interviewees</emphasis>: Piya Sorcar, the CEO, and "
"Shuman Ghosemajumder, the chair"
msgstr ""
#. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para>
-#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:8763
+#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:9266
msgid ""
"TeachAIDS is an unconventional media company with a conventional revenue "
"model. Like most media companies, they are subsidized by advertising. "
msgstr ""
#. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para>
-#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:8769
+#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:9272
msgid ""
"But unlike most media companies, Teach-AIDS is a nonprofit organization with "
"a purely social mission. TeachAIDS is dedicated to educating the global "
msgstr ""
#. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para>
-#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:8782
+#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:9285
msgid ""
"TeachAIDS is a labor of love for founder and CEO Piya Sorcar, who earns a "
"salary of one dollar per year from the nonprofit. The project grew out of "
msgstr ""
#. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para>
-#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:8802
+#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:9305
msgid ""
"In late 2005, Piya and her team used research-based design to create new "
"educational materials and worked with local partners in India to help "
msgstr ""
#. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para>
-#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:8814
+#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:9317
msgid ""
"Very shortly after the initial release, Piya’s team decided to spin the "
"endeavor into an independent nonprofit out of Stanford University. They also "
msgstr ""
#. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para>
-#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:8820
+#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:9323
msgid ""
"Given their educational mission, TeachAIDS had an obvious interest in seeing "
"the materials as widely shared as possible. But they also needed to preserve "
msgstr ""
#. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para>
-#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:8836
+#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:9339
msgid ""
"Choosing a license that does not allow adaptation of the content was an "
"outgrowth of the careful precision with which TeachAIDS crafts their "
msgstr ""
#. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para>
-#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:8845
+#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:9348
msgid ""
"One important finding was that people accept the message best when it comes "
"from familiar voices they trust and admire. To achieve this, TeachAIDS "
msgstr ""
#. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para>
-#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:8854
+#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:9357
msgid ""
"Localization is probably the single-most important aspect of the way "
"TeachAIDS creates its content. While each regional version builds from the "
msgstr ""
#. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para>
-#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:8869
+#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:9372
msgid ""
"The localization process relies heavily on volunteers. Their volunteer base "
"is deeply committed to the cause, and the organization has had better luck "
msgstr ""
#. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para>
-#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:8885
+#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:9388
msgid ""
"TeachAIDS employs full-time employees, contractors, and volunteers, all in "
"different capacities and organizational configurations. They are careful to "
msgstr ""
#. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para>
-#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:8905
+#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:9408
msgid ""
"Piya’s team was able to produce all of these versions over several years "
"with a head count that never exceeded eight full-time employees. The "
msgstr ""
#. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para>
-#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:8918
+#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:9421
msgid ""
"Like many content creators offering their work for free, they settled on "
"advertising as a funding model. But they were extremely careful not to let "
msgstr ""
#. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para>
-#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:8929
+#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:9432
msgid ""
"TeachAIDS is careful not to seek funding to cover the costs of a specific "
"project. Instead, sponsorships are structured as unrestricted donations to "
msgstr ""
#. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para>
-#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:8939
+#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:9442
msgid ""
"As of 2016, TeachAIDS has dozens of sponsors. <quote>When we go into a new "
"country, various companies hear about us and reach out to us,</quote> Piya "
msgstr ""
#. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para>
-#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:8953
+#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:9456
msgid ""
"Importantly, the value to corporate sponsors goes beyond commercial "
"considerations. As a nonprofit with a clearly articulated social mission, "
msgstr ""
#. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para>
-#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:8962
+#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:9465
msgid ""
"The core mission of TeachAIDS—ensuring global access to life-saving education"
"—is at the root of everything the organization does. It underpins the work; "
msgstr ""
#. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><title>
-#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:8972
+#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:9475
msgid "Tribe of Noise"
msgstr ""
#. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><blockquote><para>
-#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:8975
+#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:9478
msgid ""
"Tribe of Noise is a for-profit online music platform serving the film, TV, "
"video, gaming, and in-store-media industries. Founded in 2008 in the "
msgstr ""
#. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><blockquote><para>
-#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:8980
+#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:9483
msgid "<ulink url=\"http://www.tribeofnoise.com\"/>"
msgstr ""
#. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><blockquote><para>
-#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:8985
+#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:9490
msgid "<emphasis role=\"strong\">Interview date</emphasis>: January 26, 2016"
msgstr ""
#. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><blockquote><para>
-#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:8988
+#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:9494
msgid ""
"<emphasis role=\"strong\">Interviewee</emphasis>: Hessel van Oorschot, "
"cofounder"
msgstr ""
#. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para>
-#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:8996
+#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:9502
msgid ""
"In the early 2000s, Hessel van Oorschot was an entrepreneur running a "
"business where he coached other midsize entrepreneurs how to create an "
msgstr ""
#. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para>
-#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:9005
+#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:9511
msgid ""
"In 2005, Hessel and Sandra Brandenburg launched a niche video-production "
"initiative. Almost immediately, they ran into issues around finding and "
msgstr ""
#. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para>
-#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:9015
+#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:9521
msgid ""
"They hired two lawyers to investigate further, and while they uncovered five "
"or six examples, Hessel found the business models lacking. The lawyers "
msgstr ""
#. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para>
-#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:9025
+#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:9531
msgid ""
"Building a platform posed a real chicken-and-egg problem. The platform had "
"to build an online community of music-rights holders and, at the same time, "
msgstr ""
#. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para>
-#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:9032
+#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:9538
msgid ""
"In July 2008, Tribe of Noise opened its virtual doors with a couple hundred "
"musicians willing to use the CC BY-SA license (Attribution-ShareAlike) for a "
msgstr ""
#. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para><footnote><para>
-#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:9047
+#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:9555
msgid "<ulink url=\"http://www.instoremusicservice.com\"/>"
msgstr ""
#. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para>
-#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:9040
+#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:9546
msgid ""
"As they were growing the community, Hessel got a phone call from a company "
"that made in-store music playlists asking if they had enough music licensed "
msgstr ""
#. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para>
-#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:9050
+#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:9560
msgid ""
"In most countries, artists, authors, and musicians join a collecting society "
"that manages the licensing and helps collect the royalties. Copyright "
msgstr ""
#. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para>
-#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:9071
+#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:9581
msgid ""
"Instead of building a large sales force, Tribe of Noise partnered with big "
"organizations who have lots of clients and can act as a kind of Tribe of "
msgstr ""
#. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para>
-#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:9085
+#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:9595
msgid ""
"Tribe of Noise doesn’t pay the musicians up front; they get paid when their "
"music ends up in Tribe of Noise’s in-store music channels. The musicians’ "
msgstr ""
#. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para><footnote><para>
-#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:9101
+#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:9613
msgid "<ulink url=\"http://www.tribeofnoise.com/info_instoremusic.php\"/>"
msgstr ""
#. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para>
-#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:9093
+#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:9603
msgid ""
"A few of your songs [licensed with CC BY-SA], for example five in total, are "
"selected for a bespoke in-store music channel broadcasting at a large "
msgstr ""
#. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para>
-#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:9104
+#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:9618
msgid ""
"Tribe of Noise has another model that does not involve Creative Commons. In "
"a survey with members, most said they liked the exposure using Creative "
msgstr ""
#. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para>
-#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:9115
+#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:9629
msgid ""
"Hessel’s legal team took this feedback and created a second model and "
"separate area of the platform called Tribe of Noise Pro. Songs uploaded to "
msgstr ""
#. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para>
-#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:9126
+#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:9640
msgid ""
"Tribe of Noise Pro is primarily geared toward media makers who are looking "
"for music. If they buy a license from this catalog, they don’t have to state "
msgstr ""
#. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para>
-#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:9134
+#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:9648
msgid ""
"Lots of Tribe of Noise musicians upload songs to both Tribe of Noise Pro and "
"the community area of Tribe of Noises. There aren’t that many artists who "
msgstr ""
#. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para>
-#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:9140
+#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:9654
msgid ""
"Hessel sees the two as complementary. Both are needed for the model to work. "
"With a whole generation of musicians interested in the sharing economy, the "
msgstr ""
#. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para>
-#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:9148
+#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:9662
msgid ""
"Every musician who joins Tribe of Noise gets their own home page and free "
"unlimited Web space to upload as much of their own music as they like. Tribe "
msgstr ""
#. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para>
-#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:9159
+#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:9673
msgid ""
"Another way Tribe of Noise creates community and interest is with contests, "
"which are organized in partnership with Tribe of Noise clients. The client "
msgstr ""
#. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para>
-#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:9169
+#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:9683
msgid ""
"Tribe of Noise now has twenty-seven thousand members from 192 countries, and "
"many are exploring do-it-yourself models for generating revenue. Some came "
msgstr ""
#. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para>
-#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:9181
+#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:9695
msgid ""
"It’s not uncommon for performance-rights organizations, record labels, or "
"music publishers to sign contracts with musicians based on exclusivity. Such "
msgstr ""
#. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para>
-#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:9198
+#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:9712
msgid ""
"For Hessel the key to Tribe of Noise’s success is trust. The fact that "
"Creative Commons licenses work the same way all over the world and have been "
msgstr ""
#. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><title>
-#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:9210
+#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:9725
msgid "Wikimedia Foundation"
msgstr ""
#. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><blockquote><para>
-#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:9213
+#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:9728
msgid ""
"The Wikimedia Foundation is the nonprofit organization that hosts Wikipedia "
"and its sister projects. Founded in 2003 in the U.S."
msgstr ""
#. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><blockquote><para>
-#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:9218
+#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:9733
msgid "<ulink url=\"http://wikimediafoundation.org\"/>"
msgstr ""
#. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><blockquote><para>
-#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:9220
+#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:9736
msgid "<emphasis role=\"strong\">Revenue model</emphasis>: donations"
msgstr ""
#. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><blockquote><para>
-#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:9222
+#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:9739
msgid "<emphasis role=\"strong\">Interview date</emphasis>: December 18, 2015"
msgstr ""
#. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><blockquote><para>
-#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:9225
+#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:9743
msgid ""
"<emphasis role=\"strong\">Interviewees</emphasis>: Luis Villa, former Chief "
"Officer of Community Engagement, and Stephen LaPorte, legal counsel"
msgstr ""
#. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para>
-#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:9234
+#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:9752
msgid "Nearly every person with an online presence knows Wikipedia."
msgstr ""
#. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para>
-#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:9237
+#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:9755
msgid ""
"In many ways, it is the preeminent open project: The online encyclopedia is "
"created entirely by volunteers. Anyone in the world can edit the articles. "
msgstr ""
#. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para>
-#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:9245
+#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:9763
msgid ""
"As of December 2016, there were more than forty-two million articles in the "
"295 language editions of the online encyclopedia, according to—what else?—"
msgstr ""
#. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para>
-#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:9250
+#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:9768
msgid ""
"The Wikimedia Foundation is a U.S.-based nonprofit organization that owns "
"the Wikipedia domain name and hosts the site, along with many other related "
msgstr ""
#. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para>
-#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:9264
+#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:9782
msgid ""
"As Wikimedia legal counsel Stephen LaPorte told us, <quote>There is a common "
"saying that Wikipedia works in practice but not in theory.</quote> While it "
msgstr ""
#. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para>
-#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:9271
+#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:9789
msgid ""
"Because of its extraordinary breadth and scope, it does feel a bit like a "
"unicorn. Indeed, there is nothing else like Wikipedia. Still, much of what "
msgstr ""
#. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para>
-#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:9280
+#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:9798
msgid ""
"The story of Wikipedia has been told many times. For our purposes, it is "
"enough to know the experiment started in 2001 at a small scale, inspired by "
msgstr ""
#. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para>
-#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:9292
+#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:9810
msgid ""
"The nature of the content the community creates is ideal for asynchronous "
"cocreation. <quote>An encyclopedia is something where incremental community "
msgstr ""
#. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para>
-#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:9316
+#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:9834
msgid ""
"Some of that is directed at servers and general IT support, but the "
"foundation also invests a significant amount on architecture designed to "
msgstr ""
#. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para>
-#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:9332
+#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:9850
msgid ""
"Wikipedia not only relies on good behavior within its community and on its "
"sites, but also by everyone else once the content leaves Wikipedia. All of "
msgstr ""
#. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para><footnote><para>
-#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:9356
+#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:9876
msgid ""
"<ulink url=\"http://gimletmedia.com/episode/14-the-art-of-making-and-fixing-"
"mistakes/\"/>"
msgstr ""
#. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para>
-#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:9344
+#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:9862
msgid ""
"Of course, the primary reason no one has successfully co-opted Wikipedia is "
"that copycat efforts do not have the Wikipedia community to sustain what "
msgstr ""
#. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para>
-#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:9363
+#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:9885
msgid ""
"But the vast majority of us who use Wikipedia are not contributors; we are "
"passive readers. The Wikimedia Foundation survives primarily on individual "
msgstr ""
#. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para>
-#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:9373
+#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:9895
msgid ""
"The foundation has a fund-raising team that works year-round to raise money, "
"but the bulk of their revenue comes in during the December campaign in "
msgstr ""
#. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para>
-#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:9384
+#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:9906
msgid ""
"The vision of the Wikimedia Foundation is a world in which every single "
"human being can freely share in the sum of all knowledge. They work to "
msgstr ""
#. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para>
-#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:9393
+#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:9915
msgid ""
"The philosophy behind the endeavor also enables the foundation to be "
"financially sustainable. It instills trust in their readership, which is "
msgstr ""
#. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para>
-#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:9399
+#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:9921
msgid ""
"Any given edit on Wikipedia could be motivated by nearly an infinite number "
"of reasons. But the social mission of the project is what binds the global "
msgstr ""
#. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para>
-#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:9406
+#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:9928
msgid ""
"Of course, what results from that movement is one of the Internet’s great "
"public resources. <quote>The Internet has a lot of businesses and stores, "
msgstr ""
#. type: Content of: <book><chapter><title>
-#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:9416
+#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:9939
msgid "Bibliography"
msgstr ""
#. type: Content of: <book><chapter><para>
-#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:9418
+#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:9941
msgid ""
"Alperovitz, Gar. What Then Must We Do? Straight Talk about the Next American "
"Revolution; Democratizing Wealth and Building a Community-Sustaining Economy "
msgstr ""
#. type: Content of: <book><chapter><para>
-#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:9424
+#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:9947
msgid ""
"Anderson, Chris. Free: How Today’s Smartest Businesses Profit by Giving "
"Something for Nothing, reprint with new preface. New York: Hyperion, 2010."
msgstr ""
#. type: Content of: <book><chapter><para>
-#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:9429
+#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:9952
msgid "———. Makers: The New Industrial Revolution. New York: Signal, 2012."
msgstr ""
#. type: Content of: <book><chapter><para>
-#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:9432
+#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:9955
msgid ""
"Ariely, Dan. Predictably Irrational: The Hidden Forces That Shape Our "
"Decisions. Rev. ed. New York: Harper Perennial, 2010."
msgstr ""
#. type: Content of: <book><chapter><para>
-#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:9436
+#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:9959
msgid ""
"Bacon, Jono. The Art of Community. 2nd ed. Sebastopol, CA: O’Reilly Media, "
"2012."
msgstr ""
#. type: Content of: <book><chapter><para>
-#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:9440
+#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:9963
msgid ""
"Benkler, Yochai. The Wealth of Networks: How Social Production Transforms "
"Markets and Freedom. New Haven: Yale University Press, 2006. <ulink url="
msgstr ""
#. type: Content of: <book><chapter><para>
-#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:9447
+#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:9970
msgid ""
"Benyayer, Louis-David, ed. Open Models: Business Models of the Open Economy. "
"Cachan, France: Without Model, 2016. <ulink url=\"http://www.slideshare.net/"
msgstr ""
#. type: Content of: <book><chapter><para>
-#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:9453
+#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:9976
msgid ""
"Bollier, David. Commoning as a Transformative Social Paradigm. Paper "
"commissioned by the Next Systems Project. Washington, DC: Democracy "
msgstr ""
#. type: Content of: <book><chapter><para>
-#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:9459
+#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:9982
msgid ""
"———. Think Like a Commoner: A Short Introduction to the Life of the Commons. "
"Gabriola Island, BC: New Society, 2014."
msgstr ""
#. type: Content of: <book><chapter><para>
-#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:9463
+#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:9986
msgid ""
"Bollier, David, and Pat Conaty. Democratic Money and Capital for the "
"Commons: Strategies for Transforming Neoliberal Finance through Commons-"
msgstr ""
#. type: Content of: <book><chapter><para>
-#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:9473
+#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:9996
msgid ""
"Bollier, David, and Silke Helfrich, eds. The Wealth of the Commons: A World "
"Beyond Market and State. Amherst, MA: Levellers Press, 2012."
msgstr ""
#. type: Content of: <book><chapter><para>
-#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:9477
+#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:10000
msgid ""
"Botsman, Rachel, and Roo Rogers. What’s Mine Is Yours: The Rise of "
"Collaborative Consumption. New York: Harper Business, 2010."
msgstr ""
#. type: Content of: <book><chapter><para>
-#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:9481
+#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:10004
msgid ""
"Boyle, James. The Public Domain: Enclosing the Commons of the Mind. New "
"Haven: Yale University Press, 2008."
msgstr ""
#. type: Content of: <book><chapter><para>
-#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:9484
+#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:10008
msgid ""
"<ulink url=\"http://www.thepublicdomain.org/download/\"/> (licensed under CC "
"BY-NC-SA)."
msgstr ""
#. type: Content of: <book><chapter><para>
-#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:9488
+#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:10012
msgid ""
"Capra, Fritjof, and Ugo Mattei. The Ecology of Law: Toward a Legal System in "
"Tune with Nature and Community. Oakland, CA: Berrett-Koehler, 2015."
msgstr ""
#. type: Content of: <book><chapter><para>
-#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:9493
+#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:10017
msgid ""
"Chesbrough, Henry. Open Business Models: How to Thrive in the New Innovation "
"Landscape. Boston: Harvard Business School Press, 2006."
msgstr ""
#. type: Content of: <book><chapter><para>
-#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:9497
+#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:10021
msgid ""
"———. Open Innovation: The New Imperative for Creating and Profiting from "
"Technology. Boston: Harvard Business Review Press, 2006."
msgstr ""
#. type: Content of: <book><chapter><para>
-#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:9501
+#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:10025
msgid ""
"City of Bologna. Regulation on Collaboration between Citizens and the City "
"for the Care and Regeneration of Urban Commons. Translated by LabGov "
msgstr ""
#. type: Content of: <book><chapter><para>
-#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:9508
+#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:10032
msgid ""
"Cole, Daniel H. <quote>Learning from Lin: Lessons and Cautions from the "
"Natural Commons for the Knowledge Commons.</quote> Chap. 2 in Frischmann, "
msgstr ""
#. type: Content of: <book><chapter><para>
-#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:9513
+#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:10037
msgid ""
"Creative Commons. 2015 State of the Commons. Mountain View, CA: Creative "
"Commons, 2015. <ulink url=\"http://stateof.creativecommons.org/2015/\"/>."
msgstr ""
#. type: Content of: <book><chapter><para>
-#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:9518
+#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:10042
msgid ""
"Doctorow, Cory. Information Doesn’t Want to Be Free: Laws for the Internet "
"Age. San Francisco: McSweeney’s, 2014."
msgstr ""
#. type: Content of: <book><chapter><para>
-#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:9522
+#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:10046
msgid ""
"Eckhardt, Giana, and Fleura Bardhi. <quote>The Sharing Economy Isn’t about "
"Sharing at All.</quote> Harvard Business Review, January 28, 2015. <ulink "
msgstr ""
#. type: Content of: <book><chapter><para>
-#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:9528
+#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:10052
msgid ""
"Elliott, Patricia W., and Daryl H. Hepting, eds. (2015). Free Knowledge: "
"Confronting the Commodification of Human Discovery. Regina, SK: University "
msgstr ""
#. type: Content of: <book><chapter><para>
-#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:9535
+#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:10059
msgid ""
"Eyal, Nir. Hooked: How to Build Habit-Forming Products. With Ryan Hoover. "
"New York: Portfolio, 2014."
msgstr ""
#. type: Content of: <book><chapter><para>
-#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:9539
+#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:10063
msgid ""
"Farley, Joshua, and Ida Kubiszewski. <quote>The Economics of Information in "
"a Post-Carbon Economy.</quote> Chap. 11 in Elliott and Hepting, Free "
msgstr ""
#. type: Content of: <book><chapter><para>
-#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:9544
+#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:10068
msgid ""
"Foster, William Landes, Peter Kim, and Barbara Christiansen. <quote>Ten "
"Nonprofit Funding Models.</quote> Stanford Social Innovation Review, Spring "
msgstr ""
#. type: Content of: <book><chapter><para>
-#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:9550
+#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:10074
msgid ""
"Frischmann, Brett M. Infrastructure: The Social Value of Shared Resources. "
"New York: Oxford University Press, 2012."
msgstr ""
#. type: Content of: <book><chapter><para>
-#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:9554
+#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:10078
msgid ""
"Frischmann, Brett M., Michael J. Madison, and Katherine J. Strandburg, eds. "
"Governing Knowledge Commons. New York: Oxford University Press, 2014."
msgstr ""
#. type: Content of: <book><chapter><para>
-#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:9559
+#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:10083
msgid ""
"Frischmann, Brett M., Michael J. Madison, and Katherine J. Strandburg. "
"<quote>Governing Knowledge Commons.</quote> Chap. 1 in Frischmann, Madison, "
msgstr ""
#. type: Content of: <book><chapter><para>
-#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:9564
+#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:10088
msgid ""
"Gansky, Lisa. The Mesh: Why the Future of Business Is Sharing. Reprint with "
"new epilogue. New York: Portfolio, 2012."
msgstr ""
#. type: Content of: <book><chapter><para>
-#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:9568
+#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:10092
msgid ""
"Grant, Adam. Give and Take: Why Helping Others Drives Our Success. New "
"York: Viking, 2013."
msgstr ""
#. type: Content of: <book><chapter><para>
-#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:9572
+#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:10096
msgid ""
"Haiven, Max. Crises of Imagination, Crises of Power: Capitalism, Creativity "
"and the Commons. New York: Zed Books, 2014."
msgstr ""
#. type: Content of: <book><chapter><para>
-#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:9576
+#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:10100
msgid ""
"Harris, Malcom, ed. Share or Die: Voices of the Get Lost Generation in the "
"Age of Crisis. With Neal Gorenflo. Gabriola Island, BC: New Society, 2012."
msgstr ""
#. type: Content of: <book><chapter><para>
-#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:9581
+#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:10105
msgid ""
"Hermida, Alfred. Tell Everyone: Why We Share and Why It Matters. Toronto: "
"Doubleday Canada, 2014."
msgstr ""
#. type: Content of: <book><chapter><para>
-#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:9585
+#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:10109
msgid ""
"Hyde, Lewis. Common as Air: Revolution, Art, and Ownership. New York: "
"Farrar, Straus and Giroux, 2010."
msgstr ""
#. type: Content of: <book><chapter><para>
-#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:9589
+#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:10113
msgid ""
"———. The Gift: Creativity and the Artist in the Modern World. 2nd Vintage "
"Books edition. New York: Vintage Books, 2007."
msgstr ""
#. type: Content of: <book><chapter><para>
-#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:9593
+#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:10117
msgid ""
"Kelley, Tom, and David Kelley. Creative Confidence: Unleashing the Potential "
"within Us All. New York: Crown, 2013."
msgstr ""
#. type: Content of: <book><chapter><para>
-#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:9597
+#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:10121
msgid ""
"Kelly, Marjorie. Owning Our Future: The Emerging Ownership Revolution; "
"Journeys to a Generative Economy. San Francisco: Berrett-Koehler, 2012."
msgstr ""
#. type: Content of: <book><chapter><para>
-#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:9602
+#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:10126
msgid ""
"Kleon, Austin. Show Your Work: 10 Ways to Share Your Creativity and Get "
"Discovered. New York: Workman, 2014."
msgstr ""
#. type: Content of: <book><chapter><para>
-#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:9606
+#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:10130
msgid ""
"———. Steal Like an Artist: 10 Things Nobody Told You about Being Creative. "
"New York: Workman, 2012."
msgstr ""
#. type: Content of: <book><chapter><para>
-#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:9610
+#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:10134
msgid ""
"Kramer, Bryan. Shareology: How Sharing Is Powering the Human Economy. New "
"York: Morgan James, 2016."
msgstr ""
#. type: Content of: <book><chapter><para>
-#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:9614
+#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:10138
msgid ""
"Lee, David. <quote>Inside Medium: An Attempt to Bring Civility to the "
"Internet.</quote> BBC News, March 3, 2016. <ulink url=\"http://www.bbc.com/"
msgstr ""
#. type: Content of: <book><chapter><para>
-#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:9619
+#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:10143
msgid ""
"Lessig, Lawrence. Remix: Making Art and Commerce Thrive in the Hybrid "
"Economy. New York: Penguin Press, 2008."
msgstr ""
#. type: Content of: <book><chapter><para>
-#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:9623
+#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:10147
msgid ""
"Menzies, Heather. Reclaiming the Commons for the Common Good: A Memoir and "
"Manifesto. Gabriola Island, BC: New Society, 2014."
msgstr ""
#. type: Content of: <book><chapter><para>
-#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:9627
+#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:10151
msgid ""
"Mason, Paul. Postcapitalism: A Guide to Our Future. New York: Farrar, Straus "
"and Giroux, 2015."
msgstr ""
#. type: Content of: <book><chapter><para>
-#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:9631
+#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:10155
msgid ""
"New York Times Customer Insight Group. The Psychology of Sharing: Why Do "
"People Share Online? New York: New York Times Customer Insight Group, 2011. "
msgstr ""
#. type: Content of: <book><chapter><para>
-#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:9637
+#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:10161
msgid ""
"Osterwalder, Alex, and Yves Pigneur. Business Model Generation. Hoboken, "
"NJ: John Wiley and Sons, 2010. A preview of the book is available at <ulink "
msgstr ""
#. type: Content of: <book><chapter><para>
-#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:9643
+#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:10167
msgid ""
"Osterwalder, Alex, Yves Pigneur, Greg Bernarda, and Adam Smith. Value "
"Proposition Design. Hoboken, NJ: John Wiley and Sons, 2014. A preview of the "
msgstr ""
#. type: Content of: <book><chapter><para>
-#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:9649
+#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:10173
msgid ""
"Palmer, Amanda. The Art of Asking: Or How I Learned to Stop Worrying and Let "
"People Help. New York: Grand Central, 2014."
msgstr ""
#. type: Content of: <book><chapter><para>
-#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:9653
+#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:10177
msgid ""
"Pekel, Joris. Democratising the Rijksmuseum: Why Did the Rijksmuseum Make "
"Available Their Highest Quality Material without Restrictions, and What Are "
msgstr ""
#. type: Content of: <book><chapter><para>
-#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:9661
+#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:10185
msgid ""
"Ramos, José Maria, ed. The City as Commons: A Policy Reader. Melbourne, "
"Australia: Commons Transition Coalition, 2016. <ulink url=\"http://www."
msgstr ""
#. type: Content of: <book><chapter><para>
-#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:9667
+#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:10191
msgid ""
"Raymond, Eric S. The Cathedral and the Bazaar: Musings on Linux and Open "
"Source by an Accidental Revolutionary. Rev. ed. Sebastopol, CA: O’Reilly "
msgstr ""
#. type: Content of: <book><chapter><para>
-#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:9673
+#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:10197
msgid ""
"Ries, Eric. The Lean Startup: How Today’s Entrepreneurs Use Continuous "
"Innovation to Create Radically Successful Businesses. New York: Crown "
msgstr ""
#. type: Content of: <book><chapter><para>
-#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:9678
+#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:10202
msgid ""
"Rifkin, Jeremy. The Zero Marginal Cost Society: The Internet of Things, the "
"Collaborative Commons, and the Eclipse of Capitalism. New York: Palgrave "
msgstr ""
#. type: Content of: <book><chapter><para>
-#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:9683
+#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:10207
msgid ""
"Rowe, Jonathan. Our Common Wealth. San Francisco: Berrett-Koehler, 2013."
msgstr ""
#. type: Content of: <book><chapter><para>
-#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:9687
+#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:10211
msgid ""
"Rushkoff, Douglas. Throwing Rocks at the Google Bus: How Growth Became the "
"Enemy of Prosperity. New York: Portfolio, 2016."
msgstr ""
#. type: Content of: <book><chapter><para>
-#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:9691
+#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:10215
msgid ""
"Sandel, Michael J. What Money Can’t Buy: The Moral Limits of Markets. New "
"York: Farrar, Straus and Giroux, 2012."
msgstr ""
#. type: Content of: <book><chapter><para>
-#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:9695
+#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:10219
msgid ""
"Shirky, Clay. Cognitive Surplus: How Technology Makes Consumers into "
"Collaborators. London, England: Penguin Books, 2010."
msgstr ""
#. type: Content of: <book><chapter><para>
-#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:9699
+#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:10223
msgid ""
"Slee, Tom. What’s Yours Is Mine: Against the Sharing Economy. New York: OR "
"Books, 2015."
msgstr ""
#. type: Content of: <book><chapter><para>
-#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:9703
+#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:10227
msgid ""
"Stephany, Alex. The Business of Sharing: Making in the New Sharing Economy. "
"New York: Palgrave Macmillan, 2015."
msgstr ""
#. type: Content of: <book><chapter><para>
-#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:9707
+#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:10231
msgid ""
"Stepper, John. Working Out Loud: For a Better Career and Life. New York: "
"Ikigai Press, 2015."
msgstr ""
#. type: Content of: <book><chapter><para>
-#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:9711
+#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:10235
msgid ""
"Sull, Donald, and Kathleen M. Eisenhardt. Simple Rules: How to Thrive in a "
"Complex World. Boston: Houghton Mifflin Harcourt, 2015."
msgstr ""
#. type: Content of: <book><chapter><para>
-#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:9715
+#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:10239
msgid ""
"Sundararajan, Arun. The Sharing Economy: The End of Employment and the Rise "
"of Crowd-Based Capitalism. Cambridge, MA: MIT Press, 2016."
msgstr ""
#. type: Content of: <book><chapter><para>
-#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:9719
+#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:10243
msgid "Surowiecki, James. The Wisdom of Crowds. New York: Anchor Books, 2005."
msgstr ""
#. type: Content of: <book><chapter><para>
-#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:9723
+#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:10247
msgid ""
"Tapscott, Don, and Alex Tapscott. Blockchain Revolution: How the Technology "
"Behind Bitcoin Is Changing Money, Business, and the World. Toronto: "
msgstr ""
#. type: Content of: <book><chapter><para>
-#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:9728
+#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:10252
msgid ""
"Tharp, Twyla. The Creative Habit: Learn It and Use It for Life. With Mark "
"Reiter. New York: Simon and Schuster, 2006."
msgstr ""
#. type: Content of: <book><chapter><para>
-#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:9732
+#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:10256
msgid ""
"Tkacz, Nathaniel. Wikipedia and the Politics of Openness. Chicago: "
"University of Chicago Press, 2015."
msgstr ""
#. type: Content of: <book><chapter><para>
-#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:9736
+#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:10260
msgid ""
"Van Abel, Bass, Lucas Evers, Roel Klaassen, and Peter Troxler, eds. Open "
"Design Now: Why Design Cannot Remain Exclusive. Amsterdam: BIS Publishers, "
msgstr ""
#. type: Content of: <book><chapter><para>
-#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:9744
+#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:10268
msgid ""
"Van den Hoff, Ronald. Mastering the Global Transition on Our Way to Society "
"3.0. Utrecht, the Netherlands: Society 3.0 Foundation, 2014. <ulink url="
msgstr ""
#. type: Content of: <book><chapter><para>
-#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:9750
+#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:10274
msgid ""
"Von Hippel, Eric. Democratizing Innovation. London: MIT Press, 2005. <ulink "
"url=\"http://web.mit.edu/evhippel/www/democ1.htm\"/> (licensed under CC BY-"
msgstr ""
#. type: Content of: <book><chapter><para>
-#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:9755
+#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:10279
msgid ""
"Whitehurst, Jim. The Open Organization: Igniting Passion and Performance. "
"Boston: Harvard Business Review Press, 2015."
msgstr ""
#. type: Content of: <book><chapter><title>
-#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:9760
+#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:10284
msgid "Acknowledgments"
msgstr ""
#. type: Content of: <book><chapter><para>
-#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:9762
+#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:10286
msgid ""
"We extend special thanks to Creative Commons CEO Ryan Merkley, the Creative "
"Commons Board, and all of our Creative Commons colleagues for "
msgstr ""
#. type: Content of: <book><chapter><para>
-#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:9769
+#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:10293
msgid ""
"Huge appreciation to all the Made with Creative Commons interviewees for "
"sharing their stories with us. You make the commons come alive. Thanks for "
msgstr ""
#. type: Content of: <book><chapter><para>
-#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:9774
+#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:10298
msgid ""
"We interviewed more than the twenty-four organizations profiled in this "
"book. We extend special thanks to Gooru, OERu, Sage Bionetworks, and Medium "
msgstr ""
#. type: Content of: <book><chapter><para>
-#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:9782
+#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:10306
msgid ""
"This book was made possible by the generous support of 1,687 Kickstarter "
"backers listed below. We especially acknowledge our many Kickstarter co-"
msgstr ""
#. type: Content of: <book><chapter><para>
-#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:9788
+#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:10312
msgid ""
"Co-editor Kickstarter backers (alphabetically by first name): Abraham "
"Taherivand, Alan Graham, Alfredo Louro, Anatoly Volynets, Aurora Thornton, "
msgstr ""
#. type: Content of: <book><chapter><para>
-#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:9839
+#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:10363
msgid ""
"All other Kickstarter backers (alphabetically by first name): A. Lee, Aaron "
"C. Rathbun, Aaron Stubbs, Aaron Suggs, Abdul Razak Manaf, Abraham "
"ZeMarmot Open Movie"
msgstr ""
+#, fuzzy
+#~ msgid ""
+#~ "<quote>I don’t know a whole lot about nonfiction journalism. . . The way "
+#~ "that I think about these things, and in terms of what I can do is. . . "
+#~ "essays like this are occasions to watch somebody reasonably bright but "
+#~ "also reasonably average pay far closer attention and think at far more "
+#~ "length about all sorts of different stuff than most of us have a chance "
+#~ "to in our daily lives.</quote>"
+#~ msgstr ""
+#~ "<span id=\"anchor-4\"></span>\"Ik weet niet veel van niet-fictieve "
+#~ "journalistiek. . . De manier waarop ik aan dit soort dingen denk en wat "
+#~ "ik ermee kan doen is. . . essays zoals deze zijn momenten waarop je een "
+#~ "helder en redelijk gemiddeld iemand meer aandacht ziet tonen en dieper "
+#~ "ziet denken over allerlei soorten dingen dan de meesten van ons in ons "
+#~ "dagelijks leven.\""
+
#~ msgid "Made With Creative Commons"
#~ msgstr "Gemaakt met Creative Commons"
msgid ""
msgstr ""
"Project-Id-Version: Made with Creative Commons 20170609-2\n"
-"POT-Creation-Date: 2018-09-18 06:11+0000\n"
+"POT-Creation-Date: 2018-12-10 23:30+0000\n"
"PO-Revision-Date: 2018-09-13 22:29+0000\n"
"Last-Translator: Petter Reinholdtsen <pere-weblate@hungry.com>\n"
"Language-Team: Polish <https://hosted.weblate.org/projects/madewithcc/"
#. type: Content of: <book><colophon><para>
#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:5
-#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:41
+#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:35
msgid "Made with Creative Commons"
msgstr "Zrobione na licencji Creative Commons"
msgstr "Pearson"
#. type: Content of: <book><bookinfo><copyright>
-#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:17
+#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:16
msgid "<year>2017</year> <holder>Creative Commons</holder>"
msgstr "<year>2017</year> <holder>Creative Commons</holder>"
#. type: Content of: <book><bookinfo><publisher>
-#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:21
+#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:19
msgid "<publishername>Gunnar Wolf</publishername>"
msgstr "<publishername>Gunnar Wolf</publishername>"
#. type: Content of: <book><bookinfo><publisher><address><city>
-#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:23
+#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:20
msgid "Mexico City"
msgstr "Mexico City"
#. type: Content of: <book><colophon><para>
-#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:28
-#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:56
+#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:22
+#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:60
msgid ""
"This book is published under a CC BY-SA license, which means that you can "
"copy, redistribute, remix, transform, and build upon the content for any "
"<ulink url=\"http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-sa/4.0/\"/>"
#. type: Content of: <book><colophon><para>
-#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:42
+#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:37
#, fuzzy
msgid "by Paul Stacey & Sarah Hinchliff Pearson"
msgstr "Paul Stacey & Sarah Hinchliff Pearson"
#. type: Content of: <book><colophon><para>
-#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:43
+#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:39
msgid "© 2017 by the Creative Commons Foundation."
msgstr "© 2017 by the Creative Commons Foundation."
#. type: Content of: <book><colophon><para>
-#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:44
+#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:41
msgid ""
"Published under a Creative Commons Attribution-ShareAlike license (CC BY-"
"SA), version 4.0."
"wersja 4.0."
#. type: Content of: <book><colophon><para>
-#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:46
+#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:44
msgid ""
"ISBN: YET-TO-BE-DECIDED (PDF), YET-TO-BE-DECIDED (ePub), YET-TO-BE-DECIDED "
"(Paperback)"
"(Oprawa papierowa)"
#. type: Content of: <book><colophon><para>
-#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:48
+#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:47
msgid ""
"Illustrations by Bryan Mathers, <ulink url=\"https://bryanmmathers.com/\"/>."
msgstr ""
#. space for information about translators
#. type: Content of: <book><colophon><para>
-#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:52
+#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:54
msgid " "
msgstr " Tłumacz: Stanisław Krukowski "
#. type: Content of: <book><colophon><para>
-#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:54
+#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:57
msgid "Downloadable e-book available at <ulink url=\"https://madewith.cc/\"/>."
msgstr "E-book do pobrania dostępny na <ulink url=\"https://madewith.cc/\"/>."
#. type: Content of: <book><colophon><para>
-#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:63
+#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:68
msgid ""
"Made With Creative Commons is published with the kind support of Creative "
"Commons and backers of our crowdfunding-campaign on the Kickstarter.com "
"campaign) na platformie Kickstarter.com."
#. type: Content of: <book><colophon><para>
-#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:66
+#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:72
#, fuzzy
#| msgid ""
#| "This edition of the book is maintained on <ulink url=\"https://gitlab.com/"
"w książce, powiadom nas proszę poprzez gitlab."
#. type: Content of: <book><colophon><para>
-#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:72
+#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:79
msgid "Classifications:"
msgstr "Klasyfikacje:"
#. type: Content of: <book><colophon><para>
-#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:75
+#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:83
msgid "(Dewey) 346.048, 347.78"
msgstr "(Dewey) 346.048, 347.78"
#. type: Content of: <book><colophon><para>
-#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:78
+#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:87
msgid "(UDK) ?"
msgstr "(UDK) ?"
#. type: Content of: <book><colophon><para>
-#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:81
+#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:91
msgid "(US Library of Congress) Z286 O63 S73 2017"
msgstr "(US Library of Congress) Z286 O63 S73 2017"
#. type: Content of: <book><colophon><para>
-#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:84
+#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:95
msgid "(Melvil) 025.523"
msgstr "(Melvil) 025.523"
#. type: Content of: <book><colophon><para>
-#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:87
+#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:99
msgid "(ACM CRCS) ?"
msgstr "(ACM CRCS) ?"
-#. type: Content of: <book><dedication><blockquote><para>
-#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:94
-#, fuzzy
-#| msgid ""
-#| "“I don’t know a whole lot about nonfiction journalism. . . The way that I "
-#| "think about these things, and in terms of what I can do is. . . essays "
-#| "like this are occasions to watch somebody reasonably bright but also "
-#| "reasonably average pay far closer attention and think at far more length "
-#| "about all sorts of different stuff than most of us have a chance to in "
-#| "our daily lives.”"
-msgid ""
-"<quote>I don’t know a whole lot about nonfiction journalism. . . The way "
-"that I think about these things, and in terms of what I can do is. . . "
-"essays like this are occasions to watch somebody reasonably bright but also "
-"reasonably average pay far closer attention and think at far more length "
-"about all sorts of different stuff than most of us have a chance to in our "
-"daily lives.</quote>"
-msgstr ""
-"\"Niewiele wiem na temat dziennikarstwa z rodzaju literatury faktu... "
-"Sposobem, za pomocą którego myślę o tych rzeczach, w kategoriach tego co "
-"mogę zrobić, są... eseje, takie jak ten, będące okazją do przyjrzenia się "
-"komuś, kto jest dość błyskotliwy, na kogo warto zwrócić wiekszą uwagę, kto "
-"poświęca dużo więcej uwagi i myśli na te, niż na inne rzeczy, niż większość "
-"z nas, majacych szansę tak robić w naszym codziennym życiu”."
-
-#. type: Content of: <book><dedication><blockquote><para>
-#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:103
+#. type: Content of: <book><colophon><blockquote><para>
+#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:129
msgid "— <emphasis>David Foster Wallace</emphasis>"
msgstr "— <emphasis>David Foster Wallace</emphasis>"
#. type: Content of: <book><preface><title>
-#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:108
+#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:134
msgid "Foreword"
msgstr "Przedmowa"
#. type: Content of: <book><preface><para>
-#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:110
+#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:136
#, fuzzy
#| msgid ""
#| "Three years ago, just after I was hired as CEO of Creative Commons, I met "
"„fałszywego tropu\" (ang. „red herring”)."
#. type: Content of: <book><preface><para>
-#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:119
+#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:145
#, fuzzy
#| msgid ""
#| "He was, in a way, completely correct—those who make things with Creative "
"osiągania celów społecznych, a nie celem samym w sobie\"."
#. type: Content of: <book><preface><para>
-#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:127
+#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:153
msgid ""
"In the case study about Cory Doctorow, Sarah Hinchliff Pearson cites Cory’s "
"words from his book Information Doesn’t Want to Be Free: <quote>Entering the "
"quote>."
#. type: Content of: <book><preface><para>
-#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:135
+#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:161
msgid ""
"Today, copyright is like a lottery ticket—everyone has one, and almost "
"nobody wins. What they don’t tell you is that if you choose to share your "
"wartościami życiowymi."
#. type: Content of: <book><preface><para>
-#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:144
+#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:170
#, fuzzy
#| msgid ""
#| "So it’s not about the money. Also: it is. Finding the means to continue "
"więcej dowcipów i gier”."
#. type: Content of: <book><preface><para>
-#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:151
+#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:177
msgid ""
"Creative Commons’ focus is on building a vibrant, usable commons, powered by "
"collaboration and gratitude. Enabling communities of collaboration is at the "
"książki Zrobione na licencji Creative Commons."
#. type: Content of: <book><preface><para>
-#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:160
+#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:186
msgid ""
"Paul dreams of a future where new models of creativity and innovation "
"overpower the inequality and scarcity that today define the worst parts of "
"potrafi swoją pasją zainspirować kolegów i społeczności lokalne."
#. type: Content of: <book><preface><para>
-#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:169
+#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:195
msgid ""
"Sarah is the best kind of lawyer—a true advocate who believes in the good of "
"people, and the power of collective acts to change the world. Over the past "
"przyjemnie debatować o wielu różnych sprawach."
#. type: Content of: <book><preface><para>
-#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:181
+#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:207
msgid ""
"As coauthors, Paul and Sarah complement each other perfectly. They "
"researched, analyzed, argued, and worked as a team, sometimes together and "
"pożyteczna."
#. type: Content of: <book><preface><para>
-#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:192
+#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:218
msgid ""
"From the beginning, CC wanted to develop this project with the principles "
"and values of open collaboration. The book was funded, developed, "
"sam w sobie, przykład otwartego modelu biznesowego."
#. type: Content of: <book><preface><para>
-#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:200
+#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:226
msgid ""
"For 31 days in August of 2015, Sarah took point to organize and execute a "
"Kickstarter campaign to generate the core funding for the book. The "
"Creative Commons."
#. type: Content of: <book><preface><para>
-#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:209
+#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:235
msgid ""
"Paul and Sarah worked openly throughout the project, publishing the plans, "
"drafts, case studies, and analysis, early and often, and they engaged "
"with Creative Commons»."
#. type: Content of: <book><preface><para>
-#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:219
+#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:245
msgid ""
"Those who work and share in the commons are not typical creators. They are "
"part of something greater than themselves, and what they offer us all is a "
"dziedzictwa."
#. type: Content of: <book><preface><para>
-#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:225
+#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:251
msgid ""
"Jonathan Mann, who is profiled in this book, writes a song a day. When I "
"reached out to ask him to write a song for our Kickstarter (and to offer "
"wiele sposobów, z odbiorcami na całym świecie."
#. type: Content of: <book><preface><para>
-#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:234
+#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:260
#, fuzzy
#| msgid ""
#| "Sarah writes, “Endeavors that are Made with Creative Commons thrive when "
"od kogoś, że „[...] to, co ty robisz, ma dla mnie wartość wyjątkową”."
#. type: Content of: <book><preface><para>
-#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:248
+#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:274
msgid ""
"This is not a typical business book. For those looking for a recipe or a "
"roadmap, you might be disappointed. But for those looking to pursue a social "
"także — dwa tuziny dawek „czystej inspiracji”."
#. type: Content of: <book><preface><para>
-#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:258
+#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:284
#, fuzzy
#| msgid ""
#| "In a 1996 Stanford Law Review article “The Zones of Cyberspace”, CC "
"czasami lubią”."
#. type: Content of: <book><preface><para>
-#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:268
+#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:294
#, fuzzy
#| msgid ""
#| "I’m incredibly proud that Creative Commons is able to publish this book "
"„To wszystko zostało zrobione przez ludzi (ang. It's all made of people)\"."
#. type: Content of: <book><preface><para>
-#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:276
+#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:302
msgid "That’s the true value of things that are Made with Creative Commons."
msgstr ""
"To jest właśnie prawdziwa wartość rzeczy, które są Zrobione na licencji "
"Creative Commons."
#. type: Content of: <book><preface><para>
-#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:279
+#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:305
msgid "<emphasis>Ryan Merkley</emphasis>"
msgstr "<emphasis>Ryan Merkley</emphasis>"
#. type: Content of: <book><preface><para>
-#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:282
+#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:308
msgid "<emphasis>CEO, Creative Commons</emphasis>"
msgstr "<emphasis>CEO, Creative Commons</emphasis>"
#. type: Content of: <book><preface><title>
-#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:286
+#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:312
msgid "Introduction"
msgstr "Wprowadzenie"
#. type: Content of: <book><preface><para>
-#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:288
+#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:314
msgid ""
"This book shows the world how sharing can be good for business—but with a "
"twist."
msgstr ""
#. type: Content of: <book><preface><para>
-#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:292
+#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:318
msgid ""
"We began the project intending to explore how creators, organizations, and "
"businesses make money to sustain what they do when they share their work "
msgstr ""
#. type: Content of: <book><preface><para>
-#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:304
+#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:330
msgid ""
"Through the generous funding of Kickstarter backers, we set about this "
"project first by identifying and selecting a diverse group of creators, "
msgstr ""
#. type: Content of: <book><preface><para>
-#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:312
+#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:338
msgid ""
"But as we did our research, something interesting happened. Our initial way "
"of framing the work did not match the stories we were hearing."
msgstr ""
#. type: Content of: <book><preface><para>
-#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:317
+#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:343
msgid ""
"Those we interviewed were not typical businesses selling to consumers and "
"seeking to maximize profits and the bottom line. Instead, they were sharing "
msgstr ""
#. type: Content of: <book><preface><para>
-#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:325
+#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:351
msgid ""
"They often didn’t like hearing what they do described as an open business "
"model. Their endeavor was something more than that. Something different. "
msgstr ""
#. type: Content of: <book><preface><para>
-#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:333
+#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:359
msgid ""
"We had to rethink the way we conceived of this project. And it didn’t happen "
"overnight. From the fall of 2015 through 2016, we documented our thoughts in "
msgstr ""
#. type: Content of: <book><preface><para>
-#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:342
+#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:368
msgid ""
"Throughout the process, the two of us have often had very different ways of "
"understanding and describing what we were learning. Learning from each other "
msgstr ""
#. type: Content of: <book><preface><para>
-#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:352
+#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:378
msgid ""
"While we recommend that you read the book from start to finish, each section "
"reads more or less independently. The book is structured into two main parts."
msgstr ""
#. type: Content of: <book><preface><para>
-#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:357
+#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:383
msgid ""
"Part one, the overview, begins with a big-picture framework written by Paul. "
"He provides some historical context for the digital commons, describing the "
msgstr ""
#. type: Content of: <book><preface><para>
-#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:365
+#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:391
msgid ""
"The overview continues with Sarah’s chapter, as she considers what it means "
"to be successfully Made with Creative Commons. While making money is one "
msgstr ""
#. type: Content of: <book><preface><para>
-#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:375
+#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:401
msgid ""
"And to end part one, we have a short section that explains the different "
"Creative Commons licenses. We talk about the misconception that the more "
msgstr ""
#. type: Content of: <book><preface><para>
-#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:382
+#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:408
msgid ""
"Part two of the book is made up of the twenty-four stories of the creators, "
"businesses, and organizations we interviewed. While both of us participated "
msgstr ""
#. type: Content of: <book><preface><para>
-#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:388
+#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:414
msgid ""
"Of course, we are pleased to make the book available using a Creative "
"Commons Attribution-ShareAlike license. Please copy, distribute, translate, "
msgstr ""
#. type: Content of: <book><preface><para>
-#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:393
+#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:419
msgid ""
"Writing this book has transformed and inspired us. The way we now look at "
"and think about what it means to be Made with Creative Commons has "
msgstr ""
#. type: Content of: <book><preface><para>
-#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:400
+#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:426
msgid "<emphasis>Paul and Sarah </emphasis>"
msgstr ""
#. type: Content of: <book><part><title>
-#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:404
+#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:430
msgid "The Big Picture"
msgstr ""
#. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><title>
-#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:406
+#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:432
msgid "The New World of Digital Commons"
msgstr ""
#. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para>
-#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:408
+#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:434
msgid "Paul Stacey"
msgstr ""
#. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para><footnote><para>
-#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:418
+#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:445
msgid ""
"Jonathan Rowe, Our Common Wealth (San Francisco: Berrett-Koehler, 2013), 14."
msgstr ""
#. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para>
-#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:411
+#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:437
msgid ""
"Jonathan Rowe eloquently describes the commons as <quote>the air and oceans, "
"the web of species, wilderness and flowing water—all are parts of the "
msgstr ""
#. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para>
-#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:423
+#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:451
msgid ""
"In Made with Creative Commons, we focus on our current era of digital "
"commons, a commons of human-produced works. This commons cuts across a broad "
msgstr ""
#. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para><footnote><para>
-#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:438
+#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:467
msgid ""
"David Bollier, Think Like a Commoner: A Short Introduction to the Life of "
"the Commons (Gabriola Island, BC: New Society, 2014), 176."
msgstr ""
#. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para><footnote><para>
-#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:446
+#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:477
msgid "Ibid., 15."
msgstr ""
#. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para>
-#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:434
+#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:462
msgid ""
"The commons is not just about shared resources, however. It’s also about the "
"social practices and values that manage them. A resource is a noun, but to "
msgstr ""
#. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><sect1><title>
-#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:453
+#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:485
msgid "The Commons, the Market, and the State"
msgstr ""
#. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><sect1><para><footnote><para>
-#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:459
+#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:492
msgid "Ibid., 145."
msgstr ""
#. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><sect1><para>
-#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:455
+#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:487
msgid ""
"Historically, there have been three ways to manage resources and share "
"wealth: the commons (managed collectively), the state (i.e., the "
msgstr ""
#. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><sect1><para><footnote><para>
-#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:468
+#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:503
msgid "Ibid., 175."
msgstr ""
#. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><sect1><para>
-#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:463
+#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:497
msgid ""
"The organizations and businesses in our case studies are unique in the way "
"they participate in the commons while still engaging with the market and/or "
msgstr ""
#. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><sect1><para>
-#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:475
+#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:511
msgid ""
"Fig. 1. is a depiction of how an enterprise can have varying levels of "
"engagement with commons, state, and market."
msgstr ""
#. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><sect1><para>
-#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:479
+#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:515
msgid ""
"Some of our case studies are simply commons and market enterprises with "
"little or no engagement with the state. A depiction of those case studies "
msgstr ""
#. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><sect1><para>
-#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:490
+#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:526
msgid ""
"All our case studies generate money as a means of livelihood and "
"sustainability. Money is primarily of the market. Finding ways to generate "
msgstr ""
#. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><sect1><para>
-#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:499
+#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:535
msgid ""
"The state has an important role to play in fostering the use and adoption of "
"the commons. State programs and funding can deliberately contribute to and "
msgstr ""
#. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><sect1><figure><mediaobject><textobject><phrase>
-#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:506
-#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:513
+#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:542
+#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:548
msgid "Enterprise engagement with commons, state and market."
msgstr ""
#. type: Attribute 'fileref' of: <book><part><chapter><sect1><figure><mediaobject><imageobject><imagedata>
-#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:510
+#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:546
msgid "Pictures/10000201000008000000045C30360249076453E6.png"
msgstr ""
#. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><sect1><figure>
-#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:508
-#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:557
-#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:675
-#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:804
-#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:846
-#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:934
+#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:544
+#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:593
+#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:711
+#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:844
+#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:888
+#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:978
msgid "<placeholder type=\"mediaobject\" id=\"0\"/>"
msgstr ""
#. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><sect1><para>
-#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:519
+#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:553
msgid ""
"It’s helpful to understand how the commons, market, and state manage "
"resources differently, and not just for those who consider themselves "
msgstr ""
#. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><sect1><title>
-#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:530
+#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:564
msgid "The Four Aspects of a Resource"
msgstr ""
#. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><sect1><para><footnote><para>
-#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:535
+#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:570
msgid ""
"Daniel H. Cole, <quote>Learning from Lin: Lessons and Cautions from the "
"Natural Commons for the Knowledge Commons,</quote> in Governing Knowledge "
msgstr ""
#. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><sect1><para>
-#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:532
+#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:566
msgid ""
"As part of her Nobel Prize–winning work, Elinor Ostrom developed a framework "
"for analyzing how natural resources are managed in a commons.<placeholder "
msgstr ""
#. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><sect1><para>
-#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:548
+#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:584
msgid ""
"To compare and contrast the ways in which the commons, market, and state "
"work, let’s consider four aspects of resource management: resource "
msgstr ""
#. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><sect1><figure><mediaobject><textobject><phrase>
-#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:556
-#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:562
+#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:592
+#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:597
msgid "Four aspects of resource management"
msgstr ""
#. type: Attribute 'fileref' of: <book><part><chapter><sect1><figure><mediaobject><imageobject><imagedata>
-#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:559
+#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:595
msgid "Pictures/10000201000007D0000007D0ACF13F8B71EAF0B9.png"
msgstr ""
#. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><sect1><sect2><title>
-#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:568
+#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:602
msgid "Characteristics"
msgstr ""
#. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><sect1><sect2><para>
-#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:570
+#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:604
msgid ""
"Resources have particular characteristics or attributes that affect the way "
"they can be used. Some resources are natural; others are human produced. And—"
msgstr ""
#. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><sect1><sect2><para>
-#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:577
+#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:611
msgid ""
"Physical resources exist in limited supply. If I have a physical resource "
"and give it to you, I no longer have it. When a resource is removed and "
msgstr ""
#. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><sect1><sect2><para>
-#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:588
+#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:622
msgid ""
"Physical resources are depletable, exclusive, and rivalrous. Digital "
"resources, on the other hand, are nondepletable, nonexclusive, and "
msgstr ""
#. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><sect1><sect2><para>
-#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:598
+#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:632
msgid ""
"The nondepletable, nonexclusive, and nonrivalrous nature of digital "
"resources means the rules and norms for managing them can (and ought to) be "
msgstr ""
#. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><sect1><sect2><para>
-#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:606
+#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:640
msgid ""
"Our case studies frequently manage hybrid resources, which start out as "
"digital with the possibility of being made into a physical resource. The "
msgstr ""
#. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><sect1><sect2><para>
-#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:617
+#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:651
msgid ""
"Beyond this idea of physical versus digital, the commons, market, and state "
"conceive of resources differently (see Fig. 3). The market sees resources "
msgstr ""
#. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><sect1><sect2><title>
-#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:628
+#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:662
msgid "People and processes"
msgstr ""
#. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><sect1><sect2><para>
-#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:630
+#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:664
msgid ""
"In the commons, the market, and the state, different people and processes "
"are used to manage resources. The processes used define both who has a say "
msgstr ""
#. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><sect1><sect2><para>
-#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:635
+#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:669
msgid ""
"In the state, a government of elected officials is responsible for managing "
"resources on behalf of the public. The citizens who produce and use those "
msgstr ""
#. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><sect1><sect2><para>
-#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:644
+#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:678
msgid ""
"In the market, the people involved are producers, buyers, sellers, and "
"consumers. Businesses act as intermediaries between those who produce "
msgstr ""
#. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><sect1><sect2><para><footnote><para>
-#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:655
+#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:690
msgid ""
"Max Haiven, Crises of Imagination, Crises of Power: Capitalism, Creativity "
"and the Commons (New York: Zed Books, 2014), 93."
msgstr ""
#. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><sect1><sect2><para>
-#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:653
+#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:687
msgid ""
"In contrast to the state and market, resources in a commons are managed more "
"directly by the people involved.<placeholder type=\"footnote\" id=\"0\"/> "
msgstr ""
#. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><sect1><sect2><figure><mediaobject><textobject><phrase>
-#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:673
-#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:680
+#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:709
+#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:715
msgid "How the market, commons and state concieve of resources."
msgstr ""
#. type: Attribute 'fileref' of: <book><part><chapter><sect1><sect2><figure><mediaobject><imageobject><imagedata>
-#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:677
+#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:713
msgid "Pictures/10000201000009C40000065D9EC4F530BD4DFBE0.png"
msgstr ""
#. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><sect1><sect2><title>
-#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:687
+#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:721
msgid "Norms and rules"
msgstr ""
#. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><sect1><sect2><para>
-#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:689
+#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:723
msgid ""
"The social interactions between people, and the processes used by the state, "
"market, and commons, evolve social norms and rules. These norms and rules "
msgstr ""
#. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><sect1><sect2><para>
-#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:695
+#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:729
msgid ""
"State authority is governed by national constitutions. Norms related to "
"priorities and decision making are defined by elected officials and "
msgstr ""
#. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><sect1><sect2><para>
-#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:703
+#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:737
msgid ""
"Market norms are influenced by economics and competition for scarce "
"resources. Market rules follow property, business, and financial laws "
msgstr ""
#. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><sect1><sect2><para><footnote><para>
-#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:715
+#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:750
msgid "Bollier, Think Like a Commoner, 175."
msgstr ""
#. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><sect1><sect2><para>
-#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:708
+#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:742
msgid ""
"As with the market, a commons can be influenced by state policies, "
"regulations, and laws. But the norms and rules of a commons are largely "
msgstr ""
#. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><sect1><sect2><title>
-#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:720
+#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:756
msgid "Goals"
msgstr ""
#. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><sect1><sect2><para>
-#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:722
+#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:758
msgid ""
"The combination of the aspects we’ve discussed so far—the resource’s "
"inherent characteristics, people and processes, and norms and rules—shape "
msgstr ""
#. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><sect1><sect2><para><footnote><para>
-#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:734
+#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:771
msgid ""
"Joshua Farley and Ida Kubiszewski, <quote>The Economics of Information in a "
"Post-Carbon Economy,</quote> in Free Knowledge: Confronting the "
msgstr ""
#. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><sect1><sect2><para>
-#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:729
+#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:765
msgid ""
"In the market, the focus is on maximizing the utility of a resource. What we "
"pay for the goods we consume is seen as an objective measure of the utility "
msgstr ""
#. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><sect1><sect2><para>
-#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:744
+#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:782
msgid ""
"The state aims to use and manage resources in a way that balances the "
"economy with the social and cultural needs of its citizens. Health care, "
msgstr ""
#. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><sect1><sect2><para>
-#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:753
+#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:791
msgid ""
"In the commons, the goal is maximizing access, equity, distribution, "
"participation, innovation, and sustainability. You can measure success by "
msgstr ""
#. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><sect1><sect2><para>
-#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:762
+#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:800
msgid ""
"As hybrid combinations of the commons with the market or state, the success "
"and sustainability of all our case study enterprises depends on their "
msgstr ""
#. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><sect1><title>
-#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:770
+#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:808
msgid "A Short History of the Commons"
msgstr ""
#. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><sect1><para>
-#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:772
+#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:810
msgid ""
"Using the commons to manage resources is part of a long historical "
"continuum. However, in contemporary society, the market and the state "
msgstr ""
#. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><sect1><para>
-#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:781
+#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:819
msgid ""
"But the more than 1.1 billion resources licensed with Creative Commons "
"around the world are indications of a grassroots move toward the commons. "
msgstr ""
#. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><sect1><para><footnote><para>
-#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:792
+#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:831
msgid ""
"Rowe, Our Common Wealth, 19; and Heather Menzies, Reclaiming the Commons for "
"the Common Good: A Memoir and Manifesto (Gabriola Island, BC: New Society, "
msgstr ""
#. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><sect1><para>
-#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:788
+#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:826
msgid ""
"For centuries, indigenous people and preindustrialized societies managed "
"resources, including water, food, firewood, irrigation, fish, wild game, and "
msgstr ""
#. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><sect1><figure><mediaobject><textobject><phrase>
-#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:803
-#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:809
+#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:843
+#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:848
msgid "In preindustrialized society."
msgstr ""
#. type: Attribute 'fileref' of: <book><part><chapter><sect1><figure><mediaobject><imageobject><imagedata>
-#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:806
+#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:846
msgid "Pictures/10000201000009C4000005153EACBD62F00F6BA9.png"
msgstr ""
#. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><sect1><para><footnote><para>
-#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:818
+#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:857
msgid "Bollier, Think Like a Commoner, 55–78."
msgstr ""
#. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><sect1><para><footnote><para>
-#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:822
+#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:863
msgid ""
"Fritjof Capra and Ugo Mattei, The Ecology of Law: Toward a Legal System in "
"Tune with Nature and Community (Oakland, CA: Berrett-Koehler, 2015), 46–57; "
msgstr ""
#. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><sect1><para>
-#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:815
+#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:853
msgid ""
"This is followed by a long history of the state (a monarchy or ruler) taking "
"over the commons for their own purposes. This is called enclosure of the "
msgstr ""
#. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><sect1><para>
-#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:831
+#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:873
msgid ""
"Holdings of land, water, and game were distributed to ruling family and "
"political appointees. Commoners displaced from the land migrated to cities. "
msgstr ""
#. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><sect1><figure><mediaobject><textobject><phrase>
-#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:845
-#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:851
+#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:887
+#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:892
msgid "The commons is gradually superseded by the state."
msgstr ""
#. type: Attribute 'fileref' of: <book><part><chapter><sect1><figure><mediaobject><imageobject><imagedata>
-#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:848
+#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:890
msgid "Pictures/10000201000009C4000005150F069409C1CC12F0.png"
msgstr ""
#. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><sect1><para>
-#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:857
+#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:897
msgid ""
"However, the world today is going through turbulent times. The benefits of "
"the market have been offset by unequal distribution and overexploitation."
msgstr ""
#. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><sect1><para>
-#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:862
+#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:902
msgid ""
"Overexploitation was the topic of Garrett Hardin’s influential essay "
"<quote>The Tragedy of the Commons,</quote> published in Science in 1968. "
msgstr ""
#. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><sect1><para><footnote><para>
-#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:890
+#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:931
msgid ""
"Brett M. Frischmann, Michael J. Madison, and Katherine J. Strandburg, "
"<quote>Governing Knowledge Commons,</quote> in Frischmann, Madison, and "
msgstr ""
#. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><sect1><para>
-#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:873
+#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:913
msgid ""
"However, there is one serious flaw with Hardin’s <quote>The Tragedy of the "
"Commons</quote>—it’s fiction. Hardin did not actually study how real commons "
msgstr ""
#. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><sect1><para>
-#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:897
+#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:939
msgid ""
"Hardin failed to consider the actual social dynamic of the commons. His "
"model assumed that people in the commons act autonomously, out of pure self-"
msgstr ""
#. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><sect1><para><footnote><para>
-#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:913
+#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:956
msgid ""
"Farley and Kubiszewski, <quote>Economics of Information,</quote> in Elliott "
"and Hepting, Free Knowledge, 203."
msgstr ""
#. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><sect1><para>
-#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:909
+#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:951
msgid ""
"Hardin’s story is based on the premise of depletable resources. Economists "
"have focused almost exclusively on scarcity-based markets. Very little is "
msgstr ""
#. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><sect1><para>
-#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:925
+#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:969
msgid ""
"When it comes to use of state funds to create digital goods, however, there "
"is really no justification for artificial scarcity. The norm for state "
msgstr ""
#. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><sect1><figure><mediaobject><textobject><phrase>
-#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:932
-#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:939
+#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:976
+#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:982
msgid "How the market, the state and the commons look today."
msgstr ""
#. type: Attribute 'fileref' of: <book><part><chapter><sect1><figure><mediaobject><imageobject><imagedata>
-#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:936
+#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:980
msgid "Pictures/10000201000009C400000515F1CAA15B223F6BAF.png"
msgstr ""
#. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><sect1><title>
-#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:946
+#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:988
msgid "The Digital Revolution"
msgstr ""
#. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><sect1><para>
-#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:948
+#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:990
msgid ""
"In the early days of computing, programmers and developers learned from each "
"other by sharing software. In the 1980s, the free-software movement codified "
msgstr ""
#. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><sect1><itemizedlist><listitem><para>
-#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:956
+#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:998
msgid "The freedom to run a software program as you wish, for any purpose."
msgstr ""
#. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><sect1><itemizedlist><listitem><para>
-#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:962
+#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:1004
msgid ""
"The freedom to study how a software program works (because access to the "
"source code has been freely given), and change it so it does your computing "
msgstr ""
#. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><sect1><itemizedlist><listitem><para>
-#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:969
+#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:1011
msgid "The freedom to redistribute copies."
msgstr ""
#. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><sect1><itemizedlist><listitem><para><footnote><para>
-#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:975
+#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:1019
msgid ""
"<quote>What Is Free Software?</quote> GNU Operating System, the Free "
"Software Foundation’s Licensing and Compliance Lab, accessed December 30, "
msgstr ""
#. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><sect1><itemizedlist><listitem><para>
-#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:974
+#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:1016
msgid ""
"The freedom to distribute copies of your modified versions to others."
"<placeholder type=\"footnote\" id=\"0\"/>"
msgstr ""
#. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><sect1><para>
-#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:984
+#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:1029
msgid ""
"These principles and freedoms constitute a set of norms and rules that "
"typify a digital commons."
msgstr ""
#. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><sect1><para><footnote><para>
-#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:999
+#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:1045
msgid ""
"Wikipedia, s.v. <quote>Open-source software,</quote> last modified November "
"22, 2016."
msgstr ""
#. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><sect1><para>
-#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:988
+#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:1033
msgid ""
"In the late 1990s, to make the sharing of source code and collaboration more "
"appealing to companies, the open-source-software initiative converted these "
msgstr ""
#. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><sect1><para><footnote><para>
-#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:1014
+#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:1062
msgid ""
"Eric S. Raymond, <quote>The Magic Cauldron,</quote> in The Cathedral and the "
"Bazaar: Musings on Linux and Open Source by an Accidental Revolutionary, "
msgstr ""
#. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><sect1><para>
-#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:1006
+#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:1053
msgid ""
"While open-source software functions as a commons, many businesses and "
"markets did build up around it. Business models based on the licenses and "
msgstr ""
#. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><sect1><para>
-#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:1023
+#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:1072
msgid ""
"It isn’t just about an abundant availability of digital assets but also "
"about abundance of participation. The growth of personal computing, "
msgstr ""
#. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><sect1><para><footnote><para>
-#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:1042
+#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:1092
msgid ""
"New York Times Customer Insight Group, The Psychology of Sharing: Why Do "
"People Share Online? (New York: New York Times Customer Insight Group, "
msgstr ""
#. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><sect1><para>
-#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:1036
+#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:1085
msgid ""
"But people like to share. One of the ways we define ourselves is by sharing "
"valuable and entertaining content. Doing so grows and nourishes "
msgstr ""
#. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><sect1><title>
-#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:1050
+#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:1101
msgid "The Birth of Creative Commons"
msgstr "Narodziny Creative Commons"
#. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><sect1><para>
-#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:1052
+#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:1103
msgid ""
"In 2001, Creative Commons was created as a nonprofit to support all those "
"who wanted to share digital content. A suite of Creative Commons licenses "
msgstr ""
#. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><sect1><para><footnote><para>
-#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:1072
+#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:1125
msgid ""
"<quote>Licensing Considerations,</quote> Creative Commons, accessed December "
"30, 2016, <ulink url=\"http://creativecommons.org/share-your-work/licensing-"
msgstr ""
#. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><sect1><para>
-#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:1061
+#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:1112
msgid ""
"Creative Commons licenses have a three-layer design. The norms and rules of "
"each license are first expressed in full legal language as used by lawyers. "
msgstr ""
#. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><sect1><para>
-#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:1080
+#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:1134
msgid ""
"In 2015, there were over one billion Creative Commons licensed works in a "
"global commons. These works were viewed online 136 billion times. People are "
msgstr ""
#. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><sect1><para><footnote><para>
-#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:1093
+#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:1148
msgid ""
"Creative Commons, 2015 State of the Commons (Mountain View, CA: Creative "
"Commons, 2015), <ulink url=\"http://stateof.creativecommons.org/2015/\"/>."
msgstr ""
#. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><sect1><para>
-#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:1088
+#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:1142
msgid ""
"Individual artists, photographers, musicians, and filmmakers use Creative "
"Commons, but so do museums, governments, creative industries, manufacturers, "
msgstr ""
#. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><sect1><para>
-#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:1101
+#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:1157
msgid ""
"Some see Creative Commons as a way to share a gift with others, a way of "
"getting known, or a way to provide social benefit. Others are simply "
msgstr ""
#. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><sect1><para>
-#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:1113
+#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:1169
msgid ""
"Over time, Creative Commons has spawned a range of open movements, including "
"open educational resources, open access, open science, and open data. The "
msgstr ""
#. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><sect1><para><footnote><para>
-#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:1126
+#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:1183
msgid ""
"Wikipedia, s.v. <quote>Open Government Partnership,</quote> last modified "
"September 24, 2016, <ulink url=\"http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/"
msgstr ""
#. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><sect1><para>
-#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:1121
+#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:1177
msgid ""
"The state is increasingly involved in supporting open movements. The Open "
"Government Partnership was launched in 2011 to provide an international "
msgstr ""
#. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><sect1><title>
-#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:1137
+#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:1195
msgid "The Changing Market"
msgstr ""
#. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><sect1><para><footnote><para>
-#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:1145
+#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:1204
msgid "Capra and Mattei, Ecology of Law, 114."
msgstr ""
#. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><sect1><para><footnote><para>
-#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:1153
+#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:1214
msgid "Ibid., 116."
msgstr ""
#. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><sect1><para>
-#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:1139
+#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:1197
msgid ""
"Today’s market is largely driven by global capitalism. Law and financial "
"systems are structured to support extraction, privatization, and corporate "
msgstr ""
#. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><sect1><para><footnote><para>
-#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:1163
+#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:1226
msgid ""
"The Swedish International Development Cooperation Agency, <quote>Stockholm "
"Statement</quote> accessed February 15, 2017, <ulink url=\"http://sida.se/"
msgstr ""
#. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><sect1><para>
-#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:1157
+#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:1219
msgid ""
"In light of these challenges there is a growing recognition that GDP growth "
"should not be an end in itself, that development needs to be socially and "
msgstr ""
#. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><sect1><para><footnote><para>
-#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:1175
+#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:1240
msgid ""
"City of Bologna, Regulation on Collaboration between Citizens and the City "
"for the Care and Regeneration of Urban Commons, trans. LabGov (LABoratory "
msgstr ""
#. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><sect1><para><footnote><para>
-#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:1185
+#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:1252
msgid ""
"The Seoul Sharing City website is <ulink url=\"http://english.sharehub.kr\"/"
">; for Amsterdam Sharing City, go to <ulink url=\"http://www.sharenl.nl/"
msgstr ""
#. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><sect1><para>
-#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:1170
+#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:1234
msgid ""
"These realizations have led to a resurgence of interest in the commons as a "
"means of enabling that balance. City governments like Bologna, Italy, are "
msgstr ""
#. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><sect1><para><footnote><para>
-#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:1202
+#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:1271
msgid ""
"Tom Slee, What’s Yours Is Mine: Against the Sharing Economy (New York: OR "
"Books, 2015), 42."
msgstr ""
#. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><sect1><para>
-#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:1192
+#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:1260
msgid ""
"The market itself has taken an interest in the sharing economy, with "
"businesses like Airbnb providing a peer-to-peer marketplace for short-term "
msgstr ""
#. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><sect1><para><footnote><para>
-#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:1224
+#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:1295
msgid ""
"Chris Anderson, Free: How Today’s Smartest Businesses Profit by Giving "
"Something for Nothing, Reprint with new preface. (New York: Hyperion, "
msgstr ""
#. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><sect1><para>
-#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:1214
+#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:1284
msgid ""
"One way Made with Creative Commons case studies differ from those of the "
"sharing economy is their focus on digital resources. Digital resources "
msgstr ""
#. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><sect1><para>
-#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:1230
+#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:1302
msgid ""
"Those that are Made with Creative Commons are looking to leverage the unique "
"inherent characteristics of digital resources, including lowering costs. The "
msgstr ""
#. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><sect1><para><footnote><para>
-#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:1249
+#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:1322
msgid ""
"Jeremy Rifkin, The Zero Marginal Cost Society: The Internet of Things, the "
"Collaborative Commons, and the Eclipse of Capitalism (New York: Palgrave "
msgstr ""
#. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><sect1><para>
-#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:1244
+#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:1316
msgid ""
"The incremental cost of storing, copying, and distributing digital goods is "
"next to zero, making abundance possible. But imagining a market based on "
msgstr ""
#. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><sect1><para>
-#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:1257
+#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:1331
msgid ""
"Some are looking to minimize their interactions with the market and operate "
"as autonomously as possible. Others are operating largely as a business "
msgstr ""
#. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><sect1><para><footnote><para>
-#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:1271
+#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:1346
msgid ""
"Gar Alperovitz, What Then Must We Do? Straight Talk about the Next American "
"Revolution: Democratizing Wealth and Building a Community-Sustaining Economy "
msgstr ""
#. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><sect1><para><footnote><para>
-#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:1280
+#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:1357
msgid ""
"Marjorie Kelly, Owning Our Future: The Emerging Ownership Revolution; "
"Journeys to a Generative Economy (San Francisco: Berrett-Koehler, 2012), 8–9."
msgstr ""
#. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><sect1><para>
-#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:1264
+#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:1338
msgid ""
"For an ordinary corporation, making social benefit a part of its operations "
"is difficult, as it’s legally required to make decisions that financially "
msgstr ""
#. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><sect1><para><footnote><para>
-#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:1292
+#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:1372
msgid ""
"Alex Osterwalder and Yves Pigneur, Business Model Generation (Hoboken, NJ: "
"John Wiley and Sons, 2010). A preview of the book is available at <ulink url="
msgstr ""
#. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><sect1><para>
-#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:1285
+#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:1364
msgid ""
"<quote>A book on open business models</quote> is how we described it in this "
"book’s Kickstarter campaign. We used a handbook called Business Model "
msgstr ""
#. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><sect1><para><footnote><para>
-#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:1302
+#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:1384
msgid ""
"This business model canvas is available to download at <ulink url=\"http://"
"strategyzer.com/canvas/business-model-canvas\"/>."
msgstr ""
#. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><sect1><para><footnote><para>
-#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:1310
+#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:1394
msgid ""
"We’ve made the <quote>Open Business Model Canvas,</quote> designed by the "
"coauthor Paul Stacey, available online at <ulink url=\"http://docs.google."
msgstr ""
#. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><sect1><para>
-#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:1299
+#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:1380
msgid ""
"It contains a <quote>business model canvas,</quote> which conceives of a "
"business model as having nine building blocks.<placeholder type=\"footnote\" "
msgstr ""
#. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><sect1><para>
-#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:1320
+#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:1405
msgid ""
"In our case study interviews, many expressed discomfort over describing "
"themselves as an open business model—the term business model suggested "
msgstr ""
#. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><sect1><para><footnote><para>
-#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:1342
+#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:1428
msgid ""
"A more comprehensive list of revenue streams is available in this post I "
"wrote on Medium on March 6, 2016. <quote>What Is an Open Business Model and "
msgstr ""
#. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><sect1><para>
-#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:1333
+#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:1418
msgid ""
"The creators, businesses, and organizations we profile all engage with the "
"market to generate revenue in some way. The ways in which this is done vary "
msgstr ""
#. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><sect1><title>
-#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:1354
+#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:1441
msgid "Benefits of the Digital Commons"
msgstr ""
#. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><sect1><para>
-#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:1356
+#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:1443
msgid ""
"While it may be clear why commons-based organizations want to interact and "
"engage with the market (they need money to survive), it may be less obvious "
msgstr ""
#. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><sect1><para>
-#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:1362
+#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:1449
msgid ""
"The commons speeds dissemination. The free flow of resources in the commons "
"offers tremendous economies of scale. Distribution is decentralized, with "
msgstr ""
#. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><sect1><para>
-#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:1371
+#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:1458
msgid ""
"The commons ensures access to all. The market has traditionally operated by "
"putting resources behind a paywall requiring payment first before access. "
msgstr ""
#. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><sect1><para>
-#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:1384
+#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:1471
msgid ""
"The commons maximizes participation. Resources in the commons can be used "
"and contributed to by everyone. Using the resources of others, contributing "
msgstr ""
#. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><sect1><para><footnote><para>
-#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:1406
+#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:1494
msgid ""
"Henry Chesbrough, Open Innovation: The New Imperative for Creating and "
"Profiting from Technology (Boston: Harvard Business Review Press, 2006), 31–"
msgstr ""
#. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><sect1><para>
-#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:1397
+#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:1484
msgid ""
"The commons spurs innovation. Resources in the hands of more people who can "
"use them leads to new ideas. The way commons resources can be modified, "
msgstr ""
#. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><sect1><para>
-#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:1415
+#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:1504
msgid ""
"The commons boosts reach and impact. The digital commons is global. "
"Resources may be created for a local or regional need, but they go far and "
msgstr ""
#. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><sect1><para>
-#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:1428
+#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:1517
msgid ""
"The commons is generative. Instead of extracting value, the commons adds "
"value. Digitized resources persist without becoming depleted, and through "
msgstr ""
#. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><sect1><para>
-#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:1442
+#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:1531
msgid ""
"The commons brings people together for a common cause. The commons vests "
"people directly with the responsibility to manage the resources for the "
msgstr ""
#. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><sect1><para>
-#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:1457
+#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:1546
msgid ""
"The benefits of the commons are many. When these benefits align with the "
"goals of individuals, communities, businesses in the market, or state "
msgstr ""
#. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><sect1><title>
-#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:1464
+#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:1553
msgid "Our Case Studies"
msgstr ""
#. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><sect1><para>
-#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:1466
+#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:1555
msgid ""
"The creators, organizations, and businesses in our case studies operate as "
"nonprofits, for-profits, and social enterprises. Regardless of legal "
msgstr ""
#. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><sect1><para>
-#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:1478
+#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:1567
msgid ""
"The case studies are based on the narratives told to us by founders and key "
"staff. Instead of solely using financials as the measure of success and "
msgstr ""
#. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><sect1><para>
-#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:1486
+#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:1575
msgid ""
"Our case studies are diverse, ranging from publishing to education and "
"manufacturing. All of the organizations, businesses, and creators in the "
msgstr ""
#. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><sect1><para>
-#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:1496
+#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:1585
msgid ""
"They are creating new resources, or using the resources of others, or mixing "
"existing resources together to make something new. They, and their audience, "
msgstr ""
#. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><sect1><para>
-#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:1504
+#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:1593
msgid ""
"And as users of Creative Commons licenses, they are automatically part of a "
"global community. The new digital commons is global. Those we profiled come "
msgstr ""
#. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><sect1><para>
-#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:1511
+#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:1600
msgid ""
"Creative Commons licenses may express legal rules around the use of "
"resources in a commons, but success in the commons requires more than "
msgstr ""
#. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><sect1><para>
-#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:1524
+#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:1613
msgid ""
"The new digital commons is here to stay. Made With Creative Commons case "
"studies show how it’s possible to be part of this commons while still "
msgstr ""
#. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><sect1><para>
-#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:1533
+#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:1622
msgid ""
"Enterprise use of Creative Commons has only just begun. The case studies in "
"this book are merely starting points. Each is changing and evolving over "
msgstr ""
#. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><title>
-#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:1544
+#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:1634
msgid "How to Be Made with Creative Commons"
msgstr "Jak może być zrobione na licencji Creative Commons"
#. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para>
-#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:1546
+#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:1636
msgid "Sarah Hinchliff Pearson"
msgstr "Sarah Hinchliff Pearson"
#. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para>
-#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:1549
+#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:1639
msgid ""
"When we began this project in August 2015, we set out to write a book about "
"business models that involve Creative Commons licenses in some significant "
msgstr ""
#. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para>
-#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:1565
+#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:1655
msgid ""
"We analyzed the revenue models, customer segments, and value propositions of "
"each endeavor. We searched for ways that putting their content under "
msgstr ""
#. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para>
-#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:1575
+#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:1665
msgid ""
"In fairly short order, we realized the book we set out to write was quite "
"different from the one that was revealing itself in our interviews and "
msgstr ""
#. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para>
-#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:1580
+#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:1670
msgid ""
"It isn’t that we were wrong to think you can make money while using Creative "
"Commons licenses. In many instances, CC can help make you more money. Nor "
msgstr ""
#. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para><footnote><para>
-#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:1593
+#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:1684
msgid ""
"Alex Osterwalder and Yves Pigneur, Business Model Generation (Hoboken, NJ: "
"John Wiley and Sons, 2010), 14. A preview of the book is available at <ulink "
msgstr ""
#. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para>
-#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:1589
+#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:1679
msgid ""
"According to the seminal handbook Business Model Generation, a business "
"model <quote>describes the rationale of how an organization creates, "
msgstr ""
#. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para>
-#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:1605
+#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:1697
msgid ""
"Eventually, we got it. Being Made with Creative Commons is more than a "
"business model. While we will talk about specific revenue models as one "
msgstr ""
#. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para>
-#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:1612
+#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:1704
msgid ""
"Admittedly, it took me a long time to get there. When Paul and I divided up "
"our writing after finishing the research, my charge was to distill "
msgstr ""
#. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para>
-#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:1622
+#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:1714
msgid ""
"In every interview, we started from the same simple questions. Amid all the "
"diversity among the creators, organizations, and businesses we profiled, "
msgstr ""
#. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para>
-#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:1634
+#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:1726
msgid ""
"But we also started to realize something about what it means to be Made with "
"Creative Commons. When people talked to us about how and why they used CC, "
msgstr ""
#. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para>
-#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:1642
+#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:1734
msgid ""
"At one level, being Made with Creative Commons expresses an affinity for the "
"value of Creative Commons. While there are many different flavors of CC "
msgstr ""
#. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para>
-#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:1656
+#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:1748
msgid ""
"Whether the public makes use of the opportunity to copy and adapt your work, "
"sharing with a Creative Commons license is a symbol of how you want to "
msgstr ""
#. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para>
-#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:1668
+#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:1760
msgid ""
"Being Made with Creative Commons not only demonstrates values connected to "
"CC and sharing. It also demonstrates that something other than profit drives "
msgstr ""
#. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para><footnote><para>
-#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:1681
+#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:1774
msgid ""
"Cory Doctorow, Information Doesn’t Want to Be Free: Laws for the Internet "
"Age (San Francisco, CA: McSweeney’s, 2014) 68."
msgstr ""
#. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para>
-#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:1676
+#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:1768
msgid ""
"The driving motivation varies depending on the type of endeavor. For "
"individual creators, it is most often about personal inspiration. In some "
msgstr ""
#. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para>
-#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:1693
+#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:1787
msgid ""
"Many that are Made with Creative Commons have an express social mission that "
"underpins everything they do. In many cases, sharing with Creative Commons "
msgstr ""
#. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para>
-#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:1703
+#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:1797
msgid ""
"This dynamic is probably one reason why there are so many nonprofit examples "
"of being Made with Creative Commons. The content is the result of a labor of "
msgstr ""
#. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para>
-#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:1713
+#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:1807
msgid ""
"Even if profit isn’t the end goal, you have to bring in money to be "
"successfully Made with Creative Commons. At a bare minimum, you have to make "
msgstr ""
#. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para>
-#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:1718
+#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:1812
msgid ""
"The costs of doing business vary widely for those made with CC, but there is "
"generally a much lower threshold for sustainability than there used to be "
msgstr ""
#. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para><footnote><para>
-#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:1735
+#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:1830
msgid "Ibid., 55."
msgstr ""
#. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para>
-#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:1730
+#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:1824
msgid ""
"Some creation costs are the same as they always were. It takes the same "
"amount of time and money to write a peer-reviewed journal article or paint a "
msgstr ""
#. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para><footnote><para>
-#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:1747
+#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:1844
msgid ""
"Chris Anderson, Free: How Today’s Smartest Businesses Profit by Giving "
"Something for Nothing, reprint with new preface (New York: Hyperion, 2010), "
msgstr ""
#. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para>
-#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:1744
+#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:1840
msgid ""
"Distributing content is almost universally cheaper than ever. Once content "
"is created, the costs to distribute copies digitally are essentially zero."
msgstr ""
#. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para><footnote><para>
-#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:1769
+#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:1868
msgid "Doctorow, Information Doesn’t Want to Be Free, 44."
msgstr ""
#. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para>
-#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:1759
+#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:1857
msgid ""
"It’s important to recognize that the biggest impact of technology on "
"creative endeavors is that creators can now foot the costs of creation and "
msgstr ""
#. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para>
-#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:1776
+#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:1876
msgid ""
"Whether for an individual creator or a larger endeavor, it usually isn’t "
"enough to break even if you want to make what you’re doing a livelihood. You "
msgstr ""
#. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para>
-#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:1789
+#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:1889
msgid ""
"This book is a testament to the notion that it is possible to make money "
"while using CC licenses and CC-licensed content, but we are still very much "
msgstr ""
#. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para>
-#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:1797
+#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:1897
msgid ""
"There are, however, plenty of ways in which CC licensing can be good for "
"business in fairly predictable ways. The first is how it helps solve "
msgstr ""
#. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><sect1><title>
-#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:1802
+#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:1902
msgid "Problem Zero: Getting Discovered"
msgstr ""
#. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><sect1><para><footnote><para>
-#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:1809
+#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:1910
msgid ""
"Amanda Palmer, The Art of Asking: Or How I Learned to Stop Worrying and Let "
"People Help (New York: Grand Central, 2014), 121."
msgstr ""
#. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><sect1><para><footnote><para>
-#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:1824
+#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:1927
msgid ""
"Chris Anderson, Makers: The New Industrial Revolution (New York: Signal, "
"2012), 64."
msgstr ""
#. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><sect1><para>
-#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:1804
+#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:1904
msgid ""
"Once you create or collect your content, the next step is finding users, "
"customers, fans—in other words, your people. As Amanda Palmer wrote, "
msgstr ""
#. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><sect1><para><footnote><para>
-#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:1838
+#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:1943
msgid ""
"David Bollier, Think Like a Commoner: A Short Introduction to the Life of "
"the Commons (Gabriola Island, BC: New Society, 2014), 70."
msgstr ""
#. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><sect1><para><footnote><para>
-#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:1845
+#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:1952
msgid "Anderson, Makers, 66."
msgstr ""
#. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><sect1><para><footnote><para>
-#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:1850
+#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:1959
msgid ""
"Bryan Kramer, Shareology: How Sharing Is Powering the Human Economy (New "
"York: Morgan James, 2016), 10."
msgstr ""
#. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><sect1><para>
-#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:1830
+#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:1934
msgid ""
"While finding <quote>your people</quote> online is theoretically easier than "
"in the analog world, as a practical matter it can still be difficult to "
msgstr ""
#. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><sect1><para><footnote><para>
-#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:1864
+#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:1975
msgid "Anderson, Free, 62."
msgstr ""
#. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><sect1><para>
-#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:1856
+#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:1966
msgid ""
"When you come to the Internet armed with an all-rights-reserved mentality "
"from the start, you are often restricting access to your work before there "
msgstr ""
#. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><sect1><para><footnote><para>
-#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:1878
+#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:1991
msgid "Doctorow, Information Doesn’t Want to Be Free, 38."
msgstr ""
#. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><sect1><para>
-#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:1874
+#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:1986
msgid ""
"Of course, it’s not that being discovered by people who like your work will "
"make you rich—far from it. But as Cory Doctorow says, <quote>Recognition is "
msgstr ""
#. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><sect1><para>
-#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:1882
+#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:1996
msgid ""
"Choosing not to spend time and energy restricting access to your work and "
"policing infringement also builds goodwill. Lumen Learning, a for-profit "
msgstr ""
#. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><sect1><para><footnote><para>
-#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:1900
+#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:2015
msgid "Bollier, Think Like a Commoner, 68."
msgstr ""
#. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><sect1><para>
-#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:1893
+#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:2007
msgid ""
"It is not just that restricting access to your work may undermine your "
"social mission. It also may alienate the people who most value your creative "
msgstr ""
#. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><sect1><para>
-#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:1904
+#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:2020
msgid ""
"The fact that copying can carry criminal penalties undoubtedly deters "
"copying it, but copying with the click of a button is too easy and "
msgstr ""
#. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><sect1><para>
-#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:1913
+#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:2029
msgid ""
"If you take some amount of copying and sharing your work as a given, you can "
"invest your time and resources elsewhere, rather than wasting them on "
msgstr ""
#. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><sect1><para><footnote><para>
-#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:1933
+#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:2050
msgid "Anderson, Free, 86."
msgstr ""
#. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><sect1><para>
-#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:1929
+#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:2045
msgid ""
"Being Made with Creative Commons means you stop thinking about ways to "
"artificially make your content scarce, and instead leverage it as the "
msgstr ""
#. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><sect1><para><footnote><para>
-#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:1944
+#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:2063
msgid "Doctorow, Information Doesn’t Want to Be Free, 144."
msgstr ""
#. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><sect1><para>
-#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:1941
+#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:2059
msgid ""
"Cory Doctorow says it costs him nothing when other people make copies of his "
"work, and it opens the possibility that he might get something in return."
msgstr ""
#. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><sect1><para>
-#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:1954
+#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:2074
msgid ""
"There are all kinds of way to leverage the power of sharing and remix to "
"your benefit. Here are a few."
msgstr ""
#. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><sect1><sect2><title>
-#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:1958
+#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:2078
msgid "Use CC to grow a larger audience"
msgstr ""
#. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><sect1><sect2><para>
-#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:1960
+#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:2080
msgid ""
"Putting a Creative Commons license on your content won’t make it "
"automatically go viral, but eliminating legal barriers to copying the work "
msgstr ""
#. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><sect1><sect2><para>
-#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:1972
+#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:2092
msgid ""
"The Conversation is an online news site with in-depth articles written by "
"academics who are experts on particular topics. All of the articles are CC-"
msgstr ""
#. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><sect1><sect2><para><footnote><para>
-#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:1989
+#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:2110
msgid "Anderson, Free, 123."
msgstr ""
#. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><sect1><sect2><para>
-#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:1981
+#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:2101
msgid ""
"The idea that more eyeballs equates with more success is a form of the max "
"strategy, adopted by Google and other technology companies. According to "
msgstr ""
#. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><sect1><sect2><para><footnote><para>
-#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:2003
+#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:2126
msgid "Ibid., 132."
msgstr ""
#. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><sect1><sect2><para><footnote><para>
-#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:2008
+#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:2133
msgid "Ibid., 70."
msgstr ""
#. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><sect1><sect2><para>
-#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:1998
+#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:2120
msgid ""
"If you are successful in reaching more users, readers, listeners, or other "
"consumers of your work, you can start to benefit from the bandwagon effect. "
msgstr ""
#. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><sect1><sect2><title>
-#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:2013
+#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:2139
msgid "Use CC to get attribution and name recognition"
msgstr ""
#. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><sect1><sect2><para><footnote><para>
-#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:2027
+#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:2154
msgid ""
"James Surowiecki, The Wisdom of Crowds (New York: Anchor Books, 2005), 124. "
"Surowiecki says, <quote>The measure of success of laws and contracts is how "
msgstr ""
#. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><sect1><sect2><para>
-#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:2015
+#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:2141
msgid ""
"Every Creative Commons license requires that credit be given to the author, "
"and that reusers supply a link back to the original source of the material. "
msgstr ""
#. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><sect1><sect2><para>
-#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:2038
+#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:2166
msgid ""
"The fact that the name of the creator follows a CC-licensed work makes the "
"licenses an important means to develop a reputation or, in corporate speak, "
msgstr ""
#. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><sect1><sect2><para>
-#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:2052
+#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:2180
msgid ""
"Attribution can be about more than just receiving credit. It can also be "
"about establishing provenance. People naturally want to know where content "
msgstr ""
#. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><sect1><sect2><para>
-#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:2067
+#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:2195
msgid ""
"Knowing the source of a work is also critical to ensuring its credibility. "
"Just as a trademark is designed to give consumers a way to identify the "
msgstr ""
#. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><sect1><sect2><title>
-#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:2077
+#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:2205
msgid "Use CC-licensed content as a marketing tool"
msgstr ""
#. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><sect1><sect2><para>
-#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:2079
+#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:2207
msgid ""
"As we will cover in more detail later, many endeavors that are Made with "
"Creative Commons make money by providing a product or service other than the "
msgstr ""
#. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><sect1><sect2><para><footnote><para>
-#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:2101
+#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:2230
msgid "Anderson, Free, 44."
msgstr ""
#. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><sect1><sect2><para>
-#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:2088
+#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:2216
msgid ""
"Knowledge Unlatched’s Pinter told us she has seen time and again how "
"offering CC-licensed content—that is, digitally for free—actually increases "
msgstr ""
#. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><sect1><sect2><para>
-#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:2105
+#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:2235
msgid ""
"In some cases, endeavors that are Made with Creative Commons do not even "
"need dedicated marketing teams or marketing budgets. Cards Against Humanity "
msgstr ""
#. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><sect1><sect2><title>
-#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:2122
+#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:2252
msgid "Use CC to enable hands-on engagement with your work"
msgstr ""
#. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><sect1><sect2><para>
-#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:2125
+#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:2255
msgid ""
"The great promise of Creative Commons licensing is that it signifies an "
"embrace of remix culture. Indeed, this is the great promise of digital "
msgstr ""
#. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><sect1><sect2><para><footnote><para>
-#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:2139
+#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:2270
msgid "Osterwalder and Pigneur, Business Model Generation, 23."
msgstr ""
#. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><sect1><sect2><para>
-#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:2132
+#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:2262
msgid ""
"Four of the six CC licenses enable reusers to take apart, build upon, or "
"otherwise adapt the work. Depending on the context, adaptation can mean "
msgstr ""
#. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><sect1><sect2><para><footnote><para>
-#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:2152
+#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:2285
msgid "Anderson, Free, 67."
msgstr ""
#. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><sect1><sect2><para><footnote><para>
-#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:2157
+#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:2292
msgid "Ibid., 58."
msgstr ""
#. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><sect1><sect2><para><footnote><para>
-#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:2160
+#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:2297
msgid "Anderson, Makers, 71."
msgstr ""
#. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><sect1><sect2><para><footnote><para>
-#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:2165
+#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:2304
msgid ""
"Clay Shirky, Cognitive Surplus: How Technology Makes Consumers into "
"Collaborators (London: Penguin Books, 2010), 78."
msgstr ""
#. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><sect1><sect2><para>
-#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:2147
+#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:2279
msgid ""
"This is a way to counteract a potential downside of the abundance of free "
"and open content described above. As Anderson wrote in Free, <quote>People "
msgstr ""
#. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><sect1><sect2><para><footnote><para>
-#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:2178
+#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:2319
msgid "Ibid., 21."
msgstr ""
#. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><sect1><sect2><para>
-#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:2171
+#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:2311
msgid ""
"Actively engaging with the content helps us avoid the type of aimless "
"consumption that anyone who has absentmindedly scrolled through their social-"
msgstr ""
#. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><sect1><sect2><title>
-#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:2184
+#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:2326
msgid "Use CC to differentiate yourself"
msgstr ""
#. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><sect1><sect2><para><footnote><para>
-#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:2193
+#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:2336
msgid "Doctorow, Information Doesn’t Want to Be Free, 43."
msgstr ""
#. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><sect1><sect2><para>
-#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:2186
+#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:2328
msgid ""
"Operating under a traditional copyright regime usually means operating under "
"the rules of establishment players in the media. Business strategies that "
msgstr ""
#. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><sect1><title>
-#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:2205
+#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:2349
msgid "Making Money"
msgstr ""
#. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><sect1><para><footnote><para>
-#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:2215
+#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:2360
msgid ""
"William Landes Foster, Peter Kim, and Barbara Christiansen, <quote>Ten "
"Nonprofit Funding Models,</quote> Stanford Social Innovation Review, Spring "
msgstr ""
#. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><sect1><para>
-#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:2207
+#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:2351
msgid ""
"Like any moneymaking endeavor, those that are Made with Creative Commons "
"have to generate some type of value for their audience or customers. "
msgstr ""
#. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><sect1><para><footnote><para>
-#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:2236
+#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:2383
msgid "Shirky, Cognitive Surplus, 111."
msgstr ""
#. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><sect1><para>
-#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:2228
+#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:2374
msgid ""
"Most who are Made with Creative Commons use a variety of methods to bring in "
"revenue, some market-based and some not. One common strategy is using grant "
msgstr ""
#. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><sect1><para>
-#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:2240
+#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:2388
msgid ""
"Our case studies explore in more detail the various revenue-generating "
"mechanisms used by the creators, organizations, and businesses we "
msgstr ""
#. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><sect1><sect2><title>
-#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:2249
+#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:2397
msgid "Market-based revenue streams"
msgstr ""
#. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><sect1><sect2><para><footnote><para>
-#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:2254
+#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:2403
msgid "Osterwalder and Pigneur, Business Model Generation, 30."
msgstr ""
#. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><sect1><sect2><para><footnote><para>
-#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:2261
+#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:2412
msgid ""
"Jim Whitehurst, The Open Organization: Igniting Passion and Performance "
"(Boston: Harvard Business Review Press, 2015), 202."
msgstr ""
#. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><sect1><sect2><para>
-#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:2251
+#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:2399
msgid ""
"In the market, the central question when determining how to bring in revenue "
"is what value people are willing to pay for.<placeholder type=\"footnote\" "
msgstr ""
#. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><sect1><sect2><para><footnote><para>
-#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:2277
+#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:2430
msgid "Anderson, Free, 71."
msgstr ""
#. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><sect1><sect2><para>
-#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:2267
+#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:2419
msgid ""
"In many ways, this is the way of the future for all content-driven "
"endeavors. In the market, value lives in things that are scarce. Because the "
msgstr ""
#. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><sect1><sect2><para><footnote><para>
-#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:2296
+#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:2451
msgid "Ibid., 231."
msgstr ""
#. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><sect1><sect2><para>
-#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:2286
+#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:2440
msgid ""
"Of course, this doesn’t mean that content-driven endeavors have no future in "
"the traditional marketplace. In Free, Anderson explains how when one product "
msgstr ""
#. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><sect1><sect2><para>
-#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:2300
+#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:2456
msgid ""
"In light of this reality, in some ways endeavors that are Made with Creative "
"Commons are at a level playing field with all content-based endeavors in the "
msgstr ""
#. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><sect1><sect2><para>
-#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:2309
+#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:2465
msgid ""
"For content creators and distributors, there are nearly infinite ways to "
"provide value to the consumers of your work, above and beyond the value that "
msgstr ""
#. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><sect1><sect2><para>
-#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:2316
+#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:2472
msgid "Here are the most common high-level categories."
msgstr ""
#. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><sect1><sect2><title>
-#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:2320
+#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:2476
msgid ""
"Providing a custom service to consumers of your work <emphasis>[MARKET-"
"BASED]</emphasis>"
msgstr ""
#. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><sect1><sect2><para><footnote><para>
-#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:2330
+#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:2487
msgid "Ibid., 97."
msgstr ""
#. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><sect1><sect2><para>
-#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:2323
+#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:2479
msgid ""
"In this age of information abundance, we don’t lack for content. The trick "
"is finding content that matches our needs and wants, so customized services "
msgstr ""
#. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><sect1><sect2><title>
-#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:2338
+#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:2496
msgid "Charging for the physical copy <emphasis>[MARKET-BASED]</emphasis>"
msgstr ""
#. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><sect1><sect2><para><footnote><para>
-#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:2345
+#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:2504
msgid "Anderson, Makers, 107."
msgstr ""
#. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><sect1><sect2><para>
-#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:2341
+#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:2499
msgid ""
"In his book about maker culture, Anderson characterizes this model as giving "
"away the bits and selling the atoms (where bits refers to digital content "
msgstr ""
#. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><sect1><sect2><title>
-#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:2369
+#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:2529
msgid "Charging for the in-person version <emphasis>[MARKET-BASED]</emphasis>"
msgstr ""
#. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><sect1><sect2><para>
-#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:2372
+#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:2532
msgid ""
"As anyone who has ever gone to a concert will tell you, experiencing "
"creativity in person is a completely different experience from consuming a "
msgstr ""
#. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><sect1><sect2><title>
-#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:2383
+#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:2543
msgid "Selling merchandise <emphasis>[MARKET-BASED]</emphasis>"
msgstr ""
#. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><sect1><sect2><para>
-#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:2386
+#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:2546
msgid ""
"In many cases, people who like your work will pay for products demonstrating "
"a connection to your work. As a child of the 1980s, I can personally attest "
msgstr ""
#. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><sect1><sect2><para><footnote><para>
-#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:2403
+#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:2564
msgid "Osterwalder and Pigneur, Business Model Generation, 89."
msgstr ""
#. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><sect1><sect2><para>
-#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:2393
+#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:2553
msgid ""
"Sometimes the way to find a market-based revenue stream is by providing "
"value to people other than those who consume your CC-licensed content. In "
msgstr ""
#. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><sect1><sect2><title>
-#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:2410
+#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:2572
msgid "Charging advertisers or sponsors <emphasis>[MARKET-BASED]</emphasis>"
msgstr ""
#. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><sect1><sect2><para><footnote><para>
-#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:2418
+#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:2581
msgid "Ibid., 92."
msgstr ""
#. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><sect1><sect2><para><footnote><para>
-#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:2422
+#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:2587
msgid "Anderson, Free, 142."
msgstr ""
#. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><sect1><sect2><para>
-#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:2413
+#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:2575
msgid ""
"The traditional model of subsidizing free content is advertising. In this "
"version of multi-sided platforms, advertisers pay for the opportunity to "
msgstr ""
#. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><sect1><sect2><title>
-#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:2431
+#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:2597
msgid "Charging your content creators <emphasis>[MARKET-BASED]</emphasis>"
msgstr ""
#. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><sect1><sect2><para>
-#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:2434
+#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:2600
msgid ""
"Another type of multisided platform is where the content creators themselves "
"pay to be featured on the platform. Obviously, this revenue stream is only "
msgstr ""
#. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><sect1><sect2><title>
-#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:2448
+#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:2614
msgid "Charging a transaction fee <emphasis>[MARKET-BASED]</emphasis>"
msgstr ""
#. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><sect1><sect2><para><footnote><para>
-#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:2453
+#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:2620
msgid "Osterwalder and Pigneur, Business Model Generation, 32."
msgstr ""
#. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><sect1><sect2><para>
-#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:2451
+#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:2617
msgid ""
"This is a version of a traditional business model based on brokering "
"transactions between parties.<placeholder type=\"footnote\" id=\"0\"/> "
msgstr ""
#. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><sect1><sect2><title>
-#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:2465
+#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:2633
msgid ""
"Providing a service to your creators <emphasis>[MARKET-BASED]</emphasis>"
msgstr ""
#. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><sect1><sect2><para>
-#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:2468
+#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:2636
msgid ""
"As mentioned above, endeavors can make money by providing customized "
"services to their users. Platforms can undertake a variation of this service "
msgstr ""
#. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><sect1><sect2><title>
-#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:2478
+#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:2646
msgid "Licensing a trademark <emphasis>[MARKET-BASED]</emphasis>"
msgstr ""
#. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><sect1><sect2><para>
-#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:2481
+#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:2649
msgid ""
"Finally, some that are Made with Creative Commons make money by selling use "
"of their trademarks. Well known brands that consumers associate with "
msgstr ""
#. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><sect1><sect2><title>
-#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:2493
+#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:2661
msgid "Reciprocity-based revenue streams"
msgstr ""
#. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><sect1><sect2><para>
-#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:2495
+#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:2663
msgid ""
"Even if we set aside grant funding, we found that the traditional economic "
"framework of understanding the market failed to fully capture the ways the "
msgstr ""
#. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><sect1><sect2><para>
-#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:2502
+#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:2670
msgid ""
"Rather than devising a scheme to get people to pay money in exchange for "
"some direct value provided to them, many of the revenue streams were more "
msgstr ""
#. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><sect1><sect2><para>
-#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:2515
+#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:2683
msgid ""
"This should be a familiar dynamic—it is the way you deal with your friends "
"and family. We give without regard for what and when we will get back. David "
msgstr ""
#. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><sect1><sect2><para><footnote><para>
-#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:2525
+#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:2694
msgid "Bollier, Think Like a Commoner, 150."
msgstr ""
#. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><sect1><sect2><para><footnote><para>
-#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:2529
+#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:2700
msgid "Ibid., 134."
msgstr ""
#. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><sect1><sect2><para>
-#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:2523
+#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:2691
msgid ""
"What is rare is to incorporate this sort of relationship into an endeavor "
"that also engages with the market.<placeholder type=\"footnote\" id=\"0\"/> "
msgstr ""
#. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><sect1><sect2><title>
-#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:2534
+#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:2706
msgid ""
"Memberships and individual donations <emphasis>[RECIPROCITY-BASED]</emphasis>"
msgstr ""
#. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><sect1><sect2><para>
-#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:2537
+#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:2709
msgid ""
"While memberships and donations are traditional nonprofit funding models, in "
"the Made with Creative Commons context, they are directly tied to the "
msgstr ""
#. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><sect1><sect2><title>
-#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:2553
+#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:2725
msgid "The pay-what-you-want model <emphasis>[RECIPROCITY-BASED]</emphasis>"
msgstr ""
#. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><sect1><sect2><para>
-#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:2556
+#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:2728
msgid ""
"In the pay-what-you-want model, the beneficiary of Creative Commons content "
"is invited to give—at any amount they can and feel is appropriate, based on "
msgstr ""
#. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><sect1><sect2><title>
-#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:2569
+#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:2741
msgid "Crowdfunding <emphasis>[RECIPROCITY-BASED]</emphasis>"
msgstr ""
#. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><sect1><sect2><para>
-#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:2572
+#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:2744
msgid ""
"Crowdfunding models are based on recouping the costs of creating and "
"distributing content before the content is created. If the endeavor is Made "
msgstr ""
#. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><sect1><sect2><para>
-#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:2590
+#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:2762
msgid ""
"Other types of crowdfunding rely on a sense of responsibility that a "
"particular community may feel. Knowledge Unlatched pools funds from major U."
msgstr ""
#. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><sect1><title>
-#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:2601
+#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:2773
msgid "Making Human Connections"
msgstr ""
#. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><sect1><para>
-#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:2603
+#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:2775
msgid ""
"Regardless of how they made money, in our interviews, we repeatedly heard "
"language like <quote>persuading people to buy</quote> and <quote>inviting "
msgstr ""
#. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><sect1><para>
-#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:2620
+#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:2792
msgid ""
"Nearly every endeavor we profiled relied, at least in part, on people being "
"invested in what they do. The closer the Creative Commons content is to "
msgstr ""
#. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><sect1><para>
-#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:2628
+#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:2800
msgid ""
"It took me a very long time to see how this avoidance of thinking about what "
"they do in pure market terms was deeply tied to being Made with Creative "
msgstr ""
#. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><sect1><para>
-#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:2633
+#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:2805
msgid ""
"I came to the research with preconceived notions about what Creative Commons "
"is and what it means to be Made with Creative Commons. It turned out I was "
msgstr ""
#. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><sect1><para>
-#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:2638
+#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:2810
msgid ""
"Obviously, being Made with Creative Commons means using Creative Commons "
"licenses. That much I knew. But in our interviews, people spoke of so much "
msgstr ""
#. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><sect1><para>
-#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:2649
+#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:2821
msgid ""
"Being Made with Creative Commons is not just about the simple act of "
"licensing a copyrighted work under a set of standardized terms, but also "
msgstr ""
#. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><sect1><para>
-#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:2663
+#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:2835
msgid ""
"The rest of this section will explore some of the common strategies that "
"creators, companies, and organizations use to remind us that there are "
msgstr ""
#. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><sect1><sect2><title>
-#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:2670
+#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:2842
msgid "Be human"
msgstr ""
#. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><sect1><sect2><para><footnote><para>
-#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:2674
+#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:2847
msgid ""
"Dan Ariely, Predictably Irrational: The Hidden Forces That Shape Our "
"Decisions, rev. ed. (New York: Harper Perennial, 2010), 109."
msgstr ""
#. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><sect1><sect2><para>
-#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:2672
+#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:2844
msgid ""
"Humans are social animals, which means we are naturally inclined to treat "
"each other well.<placeholder type=\"footnote\" id=\"0\"/> But the further "
msgstr ""
#. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><sect1><sect2><para><footnote><para>
-#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:2698
+#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:2873
msgid ""
"Austin Kleon, Show Your Work: 10 Ways to Share Your Creativity and Get "
"Discovered (New York: Workman, 2014), 93."
msgstr ""
#. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><sect1><sect2><para>
-#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:2685
+#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:2859
msgid ""
"To counteract the anonymous and impersonal tendencies of how we operate "
"online, individual creators and corporations who use Creative Commons "
msgstr ""
#. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><sect1><sect2><para>
-#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:2704
+#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:2880
msgid ""
"A critical component to doing this effectively is not worrying about being a "
"<quote>brand.</quote> That means not being afraid to be vulnerable. Amanda "
msgstr ""
#. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><sect1><sect2><para><footnote><para>
-#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:2725
+#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:2902
msgid "Kramer, Shareology, 76."
msgstr ""
#. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><sect1><sect2><para>
-#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:2717
+#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:2893
msgid ""
"This advice is probably even more important for businesses and organizations "
"because we instinctively conceive of them as nonhuman (though in the United "
msgstr ""
#. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><sect1><sect2><title>
-#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:2731
+#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:2909
msgid "Be open and accountable"
msgstr ""
#. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><sect1><sect2><para><footnote><para>
-#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:2740
+#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:2919
msgid "Palmer, Art of Asking, 252."
msgstr ""
#. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><sect1><sect2><para><footnote><para>
-#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:2745
+#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:2926
msgid "Whitehurst, Open Organization, 145."
msgstr ""
#. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><sect1><sect2><para>
-#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:2733
+#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:2911
msgid ""
"Transparency helps people understand who you are and why you do what you do, "
"but it also inspires trust. Max Temkin of Cards Against Humanity told us, "
msgstr ""
#. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><sect1><sect2><para><footnote><para>
-#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:2754
+#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:2937
msgid "Surowiecki, Wisdom of Crowds, 203."
msgstr ""
#. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><sect1><sect2><para><footnote><para>
-#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:2761
+#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:2946
msgid "Whitehurst, Open Organization, 80."
msgstr ""
#. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><sect1><sect2><para>
-#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:2749
+#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:2931
msgid ""
"Being accountable does not mean operating on consensus. According to James "
"Surowiecki, consensus-driven groups tend to resort to lowest-common-"
msgstr ""
#. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><sect1><sect2><title>
-#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:2769
+#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:2955
msgid "Design for the good actors"
msgstr ""
#. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><sect1><sect2><para><footnote><para>
-#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:2773
+#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:2960
msgid "Bollier, Think Like a Commoner, 25."
msgstr ""
#. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><sect1><sect2><para><footnote><para>
-#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:2778
+#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:2967
msgid "Ibid., 31."
msgstr ""
#. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><sect1><sect2><para>
-#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:2771
+#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:2957
msgid ""
"Traditional economics assumes people make decisions based solely on their "
"own economic self-interest.<placeholder type=\"footnote\" id=\"0\"/> Any "
msgstr ""
#. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><sect1><sect2><para><footnote><para>
-#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:2797
+#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:2988
msgid "Shirky, Cognitive Surplus, 112."
msgstr ""
#. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><sect1><sect2><para>
-#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:2791
+#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:2981
msgid ""
"The assumption that people will largely do the right thing can be a self-"
"fulfilling prophecy. Shirky wrote in Cognitive Surplus, <quote>Systems that "
msgstr ""
#. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><sect1><sect2><para><footnote><para>
-#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:2815
+#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:3008
msgid "Surowiecki, Wisdom of Crowds, 124."
msgstr ""
#. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><sect1><sect2><para>
-#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:2804
+#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:2996
msgid ""
"Rather than trying to exert control over people’s behavior, this mode of "
"operating requires a certain level of trust. We might not realize it, but "
msgstr ""
#. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><sect1><sect2><title>
-#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:2820
+#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:3014
msgid "Treat humans like, well, humans"
msgstr ""
#. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><sect1><sect2><para><footnote><para>
-#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:2825
+#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:3020
msgid "Kleon, Show Your Work, 127."
msgstr ""
#. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><sect1><sect2><para><footnote><para>
-#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:2833
+#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:3030
msgid "Palmer, Art of Asking, 121."
msgstr ""
#. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><sect1><sect2><para>
-#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:2822
+#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:3016
msgid ""
"For creators, treating people as humans means not treating them like fans. "
"As Kleon says, <quote>If you want fans, you have to be a fan first.</"
msgstr ""
#. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><sect1><sect2><para>
-#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:2837
+#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:3035
msgid ""
"The same idea goes for businesses and organizations. Rather than automating "
"its customer service, the music platform Tribe of Noise makes a point to "
msgstr ""
#. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><sect1><sect2><para><footnote><para>
-#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:2848
+#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:3047
msgid "Ariely, Predictably Irrational, 87."
msgstr ""
#. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><sect1><sect2><para><footnote><para>
-#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:2858
+#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:3059
msgid "Ibid., 105."
msgstr ""
#. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><sect1><sect2><para>
-#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:2843
+#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:3041
msgid ""
"When we treat people like humans, they typically return the gift in kind. "
"It’s called karma. But social relationships are fragile. It is all too easy "
msgstr ""
#. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><sect1><sect2><title>
-#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:2863
+#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:3065
msgid "State your principles and stick to them"
msgstr ""
#. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><sect1><sect2><para>
-#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:2865
+#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:3067
msgid ""
"Being Made with Creative Commons makes a statement about who you are and "
"what you do. The symbolism is powerful. Using Creative Commons licenses "
msgstr ""
#. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><sect1><sect2><para>
-#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:2877
+#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:3079
msgid ""
"The expression of your values doesn’t have to be implicit. In fact, many of "
"the people we interviewed talked about how important it is to state your "
msgstr ""
#. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><sect1><sect2><para><footnote><para>
-#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:2892
+#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:3095
msgid "Ibid., 36."
msgstr ""
#. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><sect1><sect2><para>
-#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:2888
+#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:3090
msgid ""
"When your end goal is not about making a profit, people trust that you "
"aren’t just trying to extract value for your own gain. People notice when "
msgstr ""
#. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><sect1><sect2><title>
-#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:2898
+#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:3102
msgid "Build a community"
msgstr ""
#. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><sect1><sect2><para><footnote><para>
-#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:2906
+#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:3111
msgid ""
"Jono Bacon, The Art of Community, 2nd ed. (Sebastopol, CA: O’Reilly Media, "
"2012), 36."
msgstr ""
#. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><sect1><sect2><para>
-#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:2900
+#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:3104
msgid ""
"Endeavors that are Made with Creative Commons thrive when community is built "
"around what they do. This may mean a community collaborating together to "
msgstr ""
#. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><sect1><sect2><para><footnote><para>
-#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:2922
+#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:3129
msgid "Palmer, Art of Asking, 98."
msgstr ""
#. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><sect1><sect2><para><footnote><para>
-#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:2929
+#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:3138
msgid "Whitehurst, Open Organization, 34."
msgstr ""
#. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><sect1><sect2><para>
-#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:2914
+#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:3120
msgid ""
"To be sustainable, though, you have to work to nurture community. People "
"have to care—about you and each other. One critical piece to this is "
msgstr ""
#. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><sect1><sect2><para><footnote><para>
-#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:2941
+#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:3152
msgid "Surowiecki, Wisdom of Crowds, 200."
msgstr ""
#. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><sect1><sect2><para><footnote><para>
-#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:2945
+#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:3158
msgid "Bollier, Think Like a Commoner, 29."
msgstr ""
#. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><sect1><sect2><para>
-#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:2933
+#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:3143
msgid ""
"Communities that collaborate together take deliberate planning. Surowiecki "
"wrote, <quote>It takes a lot of work to put the group together. It’s "
msgstr ""
#. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><sect1><sect2><para>
-#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:2951
+#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:3165
msgid ""
"Community takes work, but working together, or even simply being connected "
"around common interests or values, is in many ways what sharing is about."
msgstr ""
#. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><sect1><sect2><title>
-#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:2957
+#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:3171
msgid "Give more to the commons than you take"
msgstr ""
#. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><sect1><sect2><para><footnote><para>
-#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:2968
+#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:3183
msgid ""
"Giana Eckhardt and Fleura Bardhi, <quote>The Sharing Economy Isn’t about "
"Sharing at All,</quote> Harvard Business Review (website), January 28, 2015, "
msgstr ""
#. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><sect1><sect2><para><footnote><para>
-#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:2976
+#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:3193
msgid ""
"Lisa Gansky, The Mesh: Why the Future of Business Is Sharing, reprint with "
"new epilogue (New York: Portfolio, 2012)."
msgstr ""
#. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><sect1><sect2><para>
-#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:2959
+#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:3173
msgid ""
"Conventional wisdom in the marketplace dictates that people should try to "
"extract as much money as possible from resources. This is essentially what "
msgstr ""
#. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><sect1><sect2><para><footnote><para>
-#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:2992
+#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:3211
msgid ""
"David Lee, <quote>Inside Medium: An Attempt to Bring Civility to the "
"Internet,</quote> BBC News, March 3, 2016, <ulink url=\"http://www.bbc.com/"
msgstr ""
#. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><sect1><sect2><para>
-#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:2982
+#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:3200
msgid ""
"Sharing requires adding as much or more value to the ecosystem than you "
"take. You can’t simply treat open content as a free pool of resources from "
msgstr ""
#. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><sect1><sect2><para>
-#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:3001
+#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:3221
msgid ""
"In all cases, it is important to openly acknowledge the amount of value you "
"add versus that which you draw on that was created by others. Being "
msgstr ""
#. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><sect1><sect2><title>
-#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:3012
+#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:3232
msgid "Involve people in what you do"
msgstr ""
#. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><sect1><sect2><para><footnote><para>
-#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:3017
+#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:3238
msgid "Anderson, Makers, 148."
msgstr ""
#. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><sect1><sect2><para><footnote><para>
-#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:3021
+#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:3244
msgid "Shirky, Cognitive Surplus, 164."
msgstr ""
#. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><sect1><sect2><para><footnote><para>
-#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:3028
-#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:3092
+#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:3253
+#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:3329
msgid "Whitehurst, foreword to Open Organization."
msgstr ""
#. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><sect1><sect2><para>
-#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:3014
+#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:3234
msgid ""
"Thanks to the Internet, we can tap into the talents and expertise of people "
"around the globe. Chris Anderson calls it the Long Tail of talent."
msgstr ""
#. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><sect1><sect2><para><footnote><para>
-#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:3041
+#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:3268
msgid "Shirky, Cognitive Surplus, 144."
msgstr ""
#. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><sect1><sect2><para>
-#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:3032
+#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:3258
msgid ""
"As the success of Wikipedia demonstrates, editing an online encyclopedia is "
"exactly the sort of activity that is perfect for massive co-creation because "
msgstr ""
#. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><sect1><sect2><para><quote><footnote><para>
-#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:3053
+#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:3282
msgid "Ibid., 154."
msgstr ""
#. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><sect1><sect2><para><footnote><para>
-#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:3065
+#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:3296
msgid "Palmer, Art of Asking, 163."
msgstr ""
#. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><sect1><sect2><para>
-#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:3045
+#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:3273
msgid ""
"It is easy to romanticize the opportunities for global cocreation made "
"possible by the Internet, and, indeed, the successful examples of it are "
"individual creators, where the creative work is the basis for what they do, "
"community cocreation is only rarely a part of the picture. Even musician "
"Amanda Palmer, who is famous for her openness and involvement with her fans, "
-"said, “The only department where I wasn’t open to input was the writing, the "
-"
music itself.</quote><placeholder type=\"footnote\" id=\"1\"/>"
+"said,</quote>The only department where I wasn’t open to input was the "
+"
writing, the music itself.\"<placeholder type=\"footnote\" id=\"1\"/>"
msgstr ""
#. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><sect1><sect2><para><footnote><para>
-#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:3076
+#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:3309
msgid "Anderson, Makers, 173."
msgstr ""
#. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><sect1><sect2><para><footnote><para>
-#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:3083
+#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:3318
msgid ""
"Tom Kelley and David Kelley, Creative Confidence: Unleashing the Potential "
"within Us All (New York: Crown, 2013), 82."
msgstr ""
#. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><sect1><sect2><para>
-#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:3069
+#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:3301
msgid ""
"While we tend to immediately think of cocreation and remixing when we hear "
"the word collaboration, you can also involve others in your creative process "
msgstr ""
#. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><sect1><sect2><para><footnote><para>
-#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:3100
+#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:3339
msgid ""
"Rachel Botsman and Roo Rogers, What’s Mine Is Yours: The Rise of "
"Collaborative Consumption (New York: Harper Business, 2010), 188."
msgstr ""
#. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><sect1><sect2><para>
-#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:3089
+#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:3325
msgid ""
"There is no one way to involve people in what you do. They key is finding a "
"way for people to contribute on their terms, compelled by their own "
msgstr ""
#. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><title>
-#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:3109
+#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:3350
msgid "The Creative Commons Licenses"
msgstr "Licencje Creative Commons"
#. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para>
-#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:3111
+#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:3352
msgid ""
"All of the Creative Commons licenses grant a basic set of permissions. At a "
"minimum, a CC- licensed work can be copied and shared in its original form "
msgstr ""
#. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para>
-#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:3125
+#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:3366
msgid "Here are the six licenses:"
msgstr ""
#. type: Attribute 'fileref' of: <book><part><chapter><para><inlinemediaobject><imageobject><imagedata>
-#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:3130
+#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:3371
msgid "Pictures/10000201000001930000008D83BF99FC0821C489.png"
msgstr ""
#. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para>
-#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:3128
-#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:3142
-#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:3158
-#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:3170
-#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:3183
-#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:3196
-#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:3216
-#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:3228
+#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:3369
+#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:3383
+#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:3399
+#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:3411
+#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:3424
+#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:3437
+#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:3457
+#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:3469
msgid "<placeholder type=\"inlinemediaobject\" id=\"0\"/>"
msgstr ""
#. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para>
-#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:3135
+#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:3376
msgid ""
"The Attribution license (CC BY) lets others distribute, remix, tweak, and "
"build upon your work, even commercially, as long as they credit you for the "
msgstr ""
#. type: Attribute 'fileref' of: <book><part><chapter><para><inlinemediaobject><imageobject><imagedata>
-#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:3144
+#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:3385
msgid "Pictures/10000201000001930000008DFD3592CB17C4EC38.png"
msgstr ""
#. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para>
-#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:3149
+#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:3390
msgid ""
"The Attribution-Share-Alike license (CC BY-SA) lets others remix, tweak, and "
"build upon your work, even for commercial purposes, as long as they credit "
msgstr ""
#. type: Attribute 'fileref' of: <book><part><chapter><para><inlinemediaobject><imageobject><imagedata>
-#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:3160
+#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:3401
msgid "Pictures/10000201000001930000008D254882DE24793FEA.png"
msgstr ""
#. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para>
-#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:3165
+#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:3406
msgid ""
"The Attribution-NoDerivs license (CC BY-ND) allows for redistribution, "
"commercial and noncommercial, as long as it is passed along unchanged with "
msgstr ""
#. type: Attribute 'fileref' of: <book><part><chapter><para><inlinemediaobject><imageobject><imagedata>
-#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:3172
+#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:3413
msgid "Pictures/10000201000001930000008DCAF78FB61D1CBDA6.png"
msgstr ""
#. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para>
-#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:3177
+#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:3418
msgid ""
"The Attribution-NonCommercial license (CC BY-NC) lets others remix, tweak, "
"and build upon your work noncommercially. Although their new works must also "
msgstr ""
#. type: Attribute 'fileref' of: <book><part><chapter><para><inlinemediaobject><imageobject><imagedata>
-#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:3185
+#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:3426
msgid "Pictures/10000201000001930000008D16DA603376395620.png"
msgstr ""
#. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para>
-#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:3190
+#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:3431
msgid ""
"The Attribution-NonCommercial-ShareAlike license (CC BY-NC-SA) lets others "
"remix, tweak, and build upon your work noncommercially, as long as they "
msgstr ""
#. type: Attribute 'fileref' of: <book><part><chapter><para><inlinemediaobject><imageobject><imagedata>
-#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:3198
+#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:3439
msgid "Pictures/10000201000001930000008DC3FEF92B21310965.png"
msgstr ""
#. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para>
-#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:3203
+#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:3444
msgid ""
"The Attribution-NonCommercial-NoDerivs license (CC BY-NC-ND) is the most "
"restrictive of our six main licenses, only allowing others to download your "
msgstr ""
#. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para>
-#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:3210
+#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:3451
msgid ""
"In addition to these six licenses, Creative Commons has two public-domain "
"tools—one for creators and the other for those who manage collections of "
msgstr ""
#. type: Attribute 'fileref' of: <book><part><chapter><para><inlinemediaobject><imageobject><imagedata>
-#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:3218
+#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:3459
msgid "Pictures/10000201000001900000008DBE3414994CD27786.png"
msgstr ""
#. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para>
-#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:3223
+#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:3464
msgid ""
"CC0 enables authors and copyright owners to dedicate their works to the "
"worldwide public domain (<quote>no rights reserved</quote>)."
msgstr ""
#. type: Attribute 'fileref' of: <book><part><chapter><para><inlinemediaobject><imageobject><imagedata>
-#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:3230
+#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:3471
msgid "Pictures/10000201000001900000008D36DCD649C5B1411F.png"
msgstr ""
#. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para>
-#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:3235
+#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:3476
msgid ""
"The Creative Commons Public Domain Mark facilitates the labeling and "
"discovery of works that are already free of known copyright restrictions."
msgstr ""
#. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para>
-#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:3240
+#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:3481
msgid ""
"In our case studies, some use just one Creative Commons license, others use "
"several. Attribution (found in thirteen case studies) and Attribution-"
msgstr ""
#. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para>
-#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:3251
+#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:3492
msgid ""
"There is a popular misconception that the three NonCommercial licenses "
"offered by CC are the only options for those who want to make money off "
msgstr ""
#. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para>
-#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:3265
+#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:3506
msgid ""
"The decision to choose a NonCommercial and/or NoDerivs license comes down to "
"how much you need to retain control over the creative work. The "
msgstr ""
#. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para>
-#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:3278
+#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:3519
msgid ""
"Other times the decision to use a more restrictive license is due to a "
"concern about the integrity of the work. For example, the nonprofit "
msgstr ""
#. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para>
-#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:3285
+#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:3526
msgid ""
"There is no one right way. The NonCommercial and NoDerivs restrictions "
"reflect the values and preferences of creators about how their creative work "
msgstr ""
#. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para>
-#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:3297
+#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:3538
msgid "Note"
msgstr ""
#. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para>
-#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:3300
+#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:3541
msgid ""
"For more about the licenses including examples and tips on sharing your work "
"in the digital commons, start with the Creative Commons page called "
-"<quote>Share Your Work</quote> at <ulink url=\"http://creativecommons.org/"
-"share-your-work/\"/>."
+"<quote>Share Your Work</quote> at"
+msgstr ""
+
+#. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para>
+#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:3546
+msgid "<ulink url=\"http://creativecommons.org/share-your-work/\"/>."
msgstr ""
#. type: Content of: <book><part><title>
-#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:3308
+#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:3551
msgid "The Case Studies"
msgstr ""
#. type: Content of: <book><part><partintro><para>
-#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:3311
+#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:3552
msgid ""
"The twenty-four case studies in this section were chosen from hundreds of "
"nominations received from Kickstarter backers, Creative Commons staff, and "
msgstr ""
#. type: Content of: <book><part><partintro><para>
-#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:3321
+#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:3561
msgid ""
"We did background research and conducted interviews for each case study, "
"based on the same set of basic questions about the endeavor. The idea for "
msgstr ""
#. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><title>
-#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:3329
+#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:3570
msgid "Arduino"
msgstr ""
#. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><blockquote><para>
-#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:3332
+#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:3573
msgid ""
"Arduino is a for-profit open-source electronics platform and computer "
"hardware and software company. Founded in 2005 in Italy."
msgstr ""
#. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><blockquote><para>
-#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:3337
+#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:3578
msgid "<ulink url=\"http://www.arduino.cc\"/>"
msgstr ""
#. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><blockquote><para>
-#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:3339
+#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:3581
msgid ""
"<emphasis role=\"strong\">Revenue model</emphasis>: charging for physical "
"copies (sales of boards, modules, shields, and kits), licensing a trademark "
msgstr ""
#. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><blockquote><para>
-#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:3344
-#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:4195
+#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:3587
+#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:4468
msgid "<emphasis role=\"strong\">Interview date</emphasis>: February 4, 2016"
msgstr ""
#. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><blockquote><para>
-#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:3347
+#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:3591
msgid ""
"<emphasis role=\"strong\">Interviewees</emphasis>: David Cuartielles and Tom "
"Igoe, cofounders"
msgstr ""
#. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><blockquote><para>
-#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:3351
-#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:4202
-#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:4638
-#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:4880
-#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:5162
-#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:5472
-#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:5985
-#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:6239
-#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:6561
-#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:6913
-#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:7457
-#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:7741
-#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:8211
-#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:8992
+#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:3595
+#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:4476
+#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:4923
+#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:5184
+#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:5489
+#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:5815
+#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:6342
+#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:6612
+#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:6958
+#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:7330
+#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:7895
+#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:8191
+#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:8688
+#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:9498
msgid "Profile written by Paul Stacey"
msgstr ""
#. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para>
-#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:3355
+#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:3599
msgid ""
"In 2005, at the Interaction Design Institute Ivrea in northern Italy, "
"teachers and students needed an easy way to use electronics and programming "
msgstr ""
#. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para>
-#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:3369
+#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:3613
msgid ""
"Arduino boards are able to read inputs—light on a sensor, a finger on a "
"button, or a Twitter message—and turn it into outputs—activating a motor, "
msgstr ""
#. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para>
-#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:3378
+#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:3623
msgid ""
"<quote>The reasons for making Arduino open source are complicated,</quote> "
"Tom says. Partly it was about supporting flexibility. The open-source nature "
msgstr ""
#. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para>
-#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:3387
+#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:3632
msgid ""
"For Tom another factor was the impending closure of the Ivrea design school. "
"He’d seen other organizations close their doors and all their work and "
msgstr ""
#. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para>
-#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:3397
+#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:3642
msgid ""
"With the school closing, David and some of the other Arduino founders "
"started a consulting firm and multidisciplinary design studio they called "
msgstr ""
#. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para>
-#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:3406
+#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:3651
msgid ""
"For Tom, part of Arduino’s success is because the founders made themselves "
"the first customer of their product. They made products they themselves "
msgstr ""
#. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para>
-#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:3414
+#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:3659
msgid ""
"Arduino’s business model has evolved over time—and Tom says model is a "
"grandiose term for it. Originally, they just wanted to make a few boards and "
msgstr ""
#. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para>
-#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:3428
+#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:3673
msgid ""
"Arduino now has a worldwide community of makers—students, hobbyists, "
"artists, programmers, and professionals. Arduino provides a wiki called "
msgstr ""
#. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para>
-#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:3442
+#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:3687
msgid ""
"Transitioning Arduino from a project to a company was a big step. Other "
"businesses who made boards were charging a lot of money for them. Arduino "
msgstr ""
#. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para>
-#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:3450
+#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:3695
msgid ""
"For a business, getting to the end of the year and not being in the red is a "
"success. Arduino may have an open-licensing strategy, but they are still a "
msgstr ""
#. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para>
-#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:3458
+#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:3703
msgid ""
"While openly licensing the designs, documentation, and software ensures "
"longevity, it does have risks. There’s a possibility that others will create "
msgstr ""
#. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para>
-#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:3470
+#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:3715
msgid ""
"Tom and David say that a lot of people have built companies off of Arduino, "
"with dozens of Arduino derivatives out there. But in contrast to closed "
msgstr ""
#. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para><footnote><para>
-#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:3490
+#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:3737
msgid "<ulink url=\"http://www.arduino.cc/en/Main/Products\"/>"
msgstr ""
#. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para>
-#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:3481
+#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:3726
msgid ""
"Over time, the range of Arduino products has diversified, changing and "
"adapting to new needs and challenges. In addition to simple entry level "
msgstr ""
#. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para>
-#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:3493
+#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:3742
msgid ""
"Arduino’s focus is on high-quality boards, well-designed support materials, "
"and the building of community; this focus is one of the keys to their "
msgstr ""
#. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para>
-#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:3506
+#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:3755
msgid ""
"A key decision for Arduino was trademarking the name. The founders needed a "
"way to guarantee to people that they were buying a quality product from a "
msgstr ""
#. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para>
-#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:3518
+#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:3767
msgid ""
"Current official manufacturers are Smart Projects in Italy, SparkFun in the "
"United States, and Dog Hunter in Taiwan/China. These are the only "
msgstr ""
#. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para>
-#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:3528
+#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:3777
msgid ""
"How far to open things up wasn’t always something the founders perfectly "
"agreed on. David, who was always one to advocate for opening things up more, "
msgstr ""
#. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para><footnote><para>
-#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:3549
+#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:3800
msgid "<ulink url=\"http://blog.arduino.cc/2013/07/10/send-in-the-clones/\"/>"
msgstr ""
#. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para>
-#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:3537
+#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:3786
msgid ""
"David encourages people and businesses to start by sharing everything as a "
"default strategy, and then think about whether there is anything that really "
msgstr ""
#. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para>
-#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:3552
+#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:3805
msgid ""
"For David, an exciting aspect of Arduino is the way lots of people can use "
"it to adapt technology in many different ways. Technology is always making "
msgstr ""
#. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para>
-#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:3560
+#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:3813
msgid ""
"Arduino has been hugely successful in making technology and electronics "
"reach a larger audience. For Tom, Arduino has been about <quote>the "
msgstr ""
#. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para>
-#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:3568
+#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:3821
msgid ""
"Ultimately, for Arduino, going open has been good business—good for product "
"development, good for distribution, good for pricing, and good for "
msgstr ""
#. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><title>
-#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:3574
+#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:3828
msgid "Ártica"
msgstr ""
#. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><blockquote><para>
-#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:3577
+#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:3831
msgid ""
"Ártica provides online courses and consulting services focused on how to use "
"digital technology to share knowledge and enable collaboration in arts and "
msgstr ""
#. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><blockquote><para>
-#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:3582
+#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:3836
msgid "<ulink url=\"http://www.articaonline.com\"/>"
msgstr ""
#. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><blockquote><para>
-#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:3584
+#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:3839
msgid ""
"<emphasis role=\"strong\">Revenue model</emphasis>: charging for custom "
"services"
msgstr ""
#. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><blockquote><para>
-#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:3587
+#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:3843
msgid "<emphasis role=\"strong\">Interview date</emphasis>: March 9, 2016"
msgstr ""
#. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><blockquote><para>
-#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:3589
+#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:3846
msgid ""
"<emphasis role=\"strong\">Interviewees</emphasis>: Mariana Fossatti and "
"Jorge Gemetto, cofounders"
msgstr ""
#. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><blockquote><para>
-#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:3593
-#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:3784
-#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:3980
-#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:4401
-#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:5774
-#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:7225
-#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:8009
-#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:8537
-#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:8759
-#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:9230
+#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:3850
+#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:4045
+#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:4244
+#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:4683
+#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:6125
+#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:7653
+#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:8483
+#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:9034
+#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:9262
+#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:9748
msgid "Profile written by Sarah Hinchliff Pearson"
msgstr ""
#. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para>
-#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:3597
+#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:3854
msgid ""
"The story of Mariana Fossatti and Jorge Gemetto’s business, Ártica, is the "
"ultimate example of DIY. Not only are they successful entrepreneurs, the "
msgstr ""
#. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para>
-#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:3603
+#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:3860
msgid "Their dream jobs didn’t exist, so they created them."
msgstr ""
#. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para>
-#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:3606
+#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:3863
msgid ""
"In 2011, Mariana was a sociologist working for an international organization "
"to develop research and online education about rural-development issues. "
msgstr ""
#. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para>
-#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:3618
+#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:3875
msgid ""
"Ártica feels like a uniquely twenty-first century business. The small "
"company has a global online presence with no physical offices. Jorge and "
msgstr ""
#. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para>
-#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:3631
+#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:3888
msgid ""
"Ártica offers personalized education and consulting services, and helps "
"clients implement projects. All of these services are customized. They call "
msgstr ""
#. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para>
-#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:3642
+#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:3899
msgid ""
"When they started, they offered a smaller number of courses designed to "
"attract large audiences. <quote>Over the years, we realized that online "
msgstr ""
#. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para>
-#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:3651
+#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:3908
msgid ""
"Online courses are their biggest revenue stream, but they also do more than "
"a dozen consulting projects each year, ranging from digitization to event "
msgstr ""
#. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para>
-#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:3659
+#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:3916
msgid ""
"Ártica also seeks out public and private funding for specific projects. "
"Sometimes, even if they are unsuccessful in subsidizing a project like a new "
msgstr ""
#. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para>
-#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:3667
+#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:3924
msgid ""
"Ártica relies heavily on their free Creative Commons–licensed content to "
"attract new students and clients. Everything they create—online education, "
msgstr ""
#. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para>
-#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:3683
+#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:3940
msgid ""
"They also believe sharing their ideas and expertise openly helps them build "
"their reputation and visibility. People often share and cite their work. A "
msgstr ""
#. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para>
-#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:3691
+#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:3948
msgid ""
"This belief that openness creates new opportunities reflects another belief—"
"in serendipity. When describing their process for creating content, they "
msgstr ""
#. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para>
-#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:3702
+#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:3959
msgid ""
"Rather than planning their work in advance, they let their creative process "
"be dynamic. <quote>This doesn’t mean that we don’t need to work hard in "
msgstr ""
#. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para>
-#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:3712
+#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:3969
msgid ""
"People and relationships are also just as important, sometimes more. "
"<quote>In the educational and cultural business, it is more important to pay "
msgstr ""
#. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para>
-#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:3720
+#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:3977
msgid ""
"Ártica believes in the power of the network. They seek to make connections "
"with people and institutions across the globe so they can learn from them "
msgstr ""
#. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para>
-#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:3725
+#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:3982
msgid ""
"At the core of everything Ártica does is a set of values. <quote>Good "
"content is not enough,</quote> Jorge said. <quote>We also think that it is "
msgstr ""
#. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para>
-#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:3739
+#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:3996
msgid ""
"Of course, Ártica also has to make enough money to cover its expenses. Human "
"resources are, by far, their biggest expense. They tap a network of "
msgstr ""
#. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para>
-#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:3747
+#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:4005
msgid ""
"<quote>There are lots of people offering online courses,</quote> Jorge said. "
"<quote>But it is easy to differentiate us. We have an approach that is very "
msgstr ""
#. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para>
-#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:3755
+#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:4013
msgid ""
"In their work with younger artists, Mariana and Jorge try to emphasize that "
"this model of success is just as valuable as the picture of success we get "
msgstr ""
#. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><title>
-#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:3764
+#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:4022
msgid "Blender Institute"
msgstr ""
#. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><blockquote><para>
-#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:3767
+#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:4025
msgid ""
"The Blender Institute is an animation studio that creates 3-D films using "
"Blender software. Founded in 2006 in the Netherlands."
msgstr ""
#. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><blockquote><para>
-#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:3772
+#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:4030
msgid "<ulink url=\"http://www.blender.org\"/>"
msgstr ""
#. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><blockquote><para>
-#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:3774
+#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:4033
msgid ""
"<emphasis role=\"strong\">Revenue model</emphasis>: crowdfunding "
"(subscription-based), charging for physical copies, selling merchandise"
msgstr ""
#. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><blockquote><para>
-#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:3778
+#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:4038
msgid "<emphasis role=\"strong\">Interview date</emphasis>: March 8, 2016"
msgstr ""
#. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><blockquote><para>
-#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:3780
+#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:4041
msgid ""
"<emphasis role=\"strong\">Interviewee</emphasis>: Francesco Siddi, "
"production coordinator"
msgstr ""
#. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para>
-#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:3788
+#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:4049
msgid ""
"For Ton Roosendaal, the creator of Blender software and its related "
"entities, sharing is practical. Making their 3-D content creation software "
msgstr ""
#. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para>
-#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:3799
+#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:4060
msgid ""
"Each open-movie project Blender runs produces a host of openly licensed "
"outputs, not just the final film itself but all of the source material as "
msgstr ""
#. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para>
-#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:3809
+#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:4070
msgid ""
"Rather than just talking about the theoretical benefits of sharing and free "
"culture, Ton is very much about doing and making free culture. Blender’s "
msgstr ""
#. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para>
-#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:3816
+#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:4077
msgid ""
"Blender’s history begins in the late 1990s, when Ton created the Blender "
"software. Originally, the software was an in-house resource for his "
msgstr ""
#. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para>
-#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:3827
+#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:4088
msgid ""
"This was long before Kickstarter and other online crowdfunding sites "
"existed, but Ton ran his own version of a crowdfunding campaign and quickly "
msgstr ""
#. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para>
-#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:3840
+#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:4101
msgid ""
"Like any successful free and open-source software project, Blender developed "
"quickly because the community could make fixes and improvements. "
msgstr ""
#. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para>
-#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:3849
+#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:4110
msgid ""
"After a few years, Ton began looking for new ways to push development of the "
"software. He came up with the idea of creating CC-licensed films using the "
msgstr ""
#. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para>
-#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:3859
+#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:4120
msgid ""
"They turned to crowdfunding to subsidize the costs of the project. They had "
"about twenty people working full-time for six to ten months, so the costs "
msgstr ""
#. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para>
-#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:3869
+#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:4130
msgid ""
"The first film, which was released in 2006, was an experiment. It was so "
"successful that Ton decided to set up the Blender Institute, an entity "
msgstr ""
#. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para>
-#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:3877
+#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:4138
msgid ""
"Francesco said that, over time, the Blender Institute projects have gotten "
"bigger and more prominent. That means the filmmaking process has become more "
msgstr ""
#. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para>
-#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:3890
+#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:4151
msgid ""
"Blender has had a lot of success raising money from its community over the "
"years. In many ways, the pitch has gotten easier to make. Not only is "
msgstr ""
#. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para>
-#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:3899
+#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:4160
msgid ""
"While these benefits of each open-movie project make a compelling pitch for "
"crowdfunding campaigns, Francesco told us the Blender Institute has found "
msgstr ""
#. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para>
-#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:3908
+#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:4169
msgid ""
"To make their work more sustainable, they needed a way to receive ongoing "
"support rather than on a project-by-project basis. Their solution is Blender "
msgstr ""
#. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para>
-#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:3923
+#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:4184
msgid ""
"The continuous financial support provided by Blender Cloud subsidizes five "
"to six full-time employees at the Blender Institute. Francesco says their "
msgstr ""
#. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para>
-#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:3930
+#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:4191
msgid ""
"Blender Cloud is the primary revenue stream of the Blender Institute. The "
"Blender Foundation is funded primarily by donations, and that money goes "
msgstr ""
#. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para>
-#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:3939
+#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:4200
msgid ""
"Ton has worked on projects relating to his Blender software for nearly "
"twenty years. Throughout most of that time, he has been committed to making "
msgstr ""
#. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para>
-#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:3946
+#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:4207
msgid ""
"Since 2006, he has been making films available along with all of their "
"source material. He says he has hardly ever seen people stepping into "
msgstr ""
#. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para>
-#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:3956
+#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:4217
msgid "For Ton and Blender, it all comes back to doing."
msgstr ""
#. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><title>
-#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:3960
+#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:4221
msgid "Cards Against Humanity"
msgstr ""
#. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><blockquote><para>
-#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:3963
+#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:4224
msgid ""
"Cards Against Humanity is a private, for-profit company that makes a popular "
"party game by the same name. Founded in 2011 in the U.S."
msgstr ""
#. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><blockquote><para>
-#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:3968
+#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:4229
msgid "<ulink url=\"http://www.cardsagainsthumanity.com\"/>"
msgstr ""
#. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><blockquote><para>
-#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:3970
+#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:4232
msgid ""
"<emphasis role=\"strong\">Revenue model</emphasis>: charging for physical "
"copies"
msgstr ""
#. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><blockquote><para>
-#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:3973
+#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:4236
msgid "<emphasis role=\"strong\">Interview date</emphasis>: February 3, 2016"
msgstr ""
#. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><blockquote><para>
-#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:3976
+#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:4240
msgid "<emphasis role=\"strong\">Interviewee</emphasis>: Max Temkin, cofounder"
msgstr ""
#. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para>
-#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:3984
+#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:4248
msgid ""
"If you ask cofounder Max Temkin, there is nothing particularly interesting "
"about the Cards Against Humanity business model. <quote>We make a product. "
msgstr ""
#. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para>
-#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:3990
+#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:4254
msgid ""
"He is right. Cards Against Humanity is a simple party game, modeled after "
"the game Apples to Apples. To play, one player asks a question or fill-in-"
msgstr ""
#. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para>
-#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:4000
+#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:4264
msgid ""
"The revenue model is simple. Physical copies of the game are sold for a "
"profit. And it works. At the time of this writing, Cards Against Humanity is "
msgstr ""
#. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para>
-#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:4008
+#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:4272
msgid ""
"But Cards Against Humanity is also available for free. Anyone can download a "
"digital version of the game on the Cards Against Humanity website. More than "
msgstr ""
#. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para>
-#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:4014
+#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:4278
msgid ""
"The game is available under an Attribution-NonCommercial-ShareAlike license "
"(CC BY-NC-SA). That means, in addition to copying the game, anyone can "
msgstr ""
#. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para>
-#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:4022
+#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:4286
msgid ""
"All together, these factors—the crass tone of the game and company, the free "
-"download, the openness to fans remixing the game—give the game a massive "
-"cult following."
+"download, the"
+msgstr ""
+
+#. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para>
+#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:4290
+msgid "openness to fans remixing the game—give"
msgstr ""
#. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para>
-#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:4027
+#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:4293
+msgid "the game a massive cult following."
+msgstr ""
+
+#. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para>
+#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:4296
msgid ""
"Their success is not the result of a grand plan. Instead, Cards Against "
"Humanity was the last in a long line of games and comedy projects that Max "
msgstr ""
#. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para>
-#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:4040
+#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:4309
msgid ""
"The game caught on quickly, and it has only grown more popular over time. "
"Max says the eight founders never had a meeting where they decided to make "
msgstr ""
#. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para>
-#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:4046
+#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:4315
msgid ""
"But this tale of a <quote>happy accident</quote> belies marketing genius. "
"Just like the game, the Cards Against Humanity brand is irreverent and "
msgstr ""
#. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para>
-#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:4052
+#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:4321
msgid ""
"Like most quality satire, however, there is more to the joke than vulgarity "
"and shock value. The company’s marketing efforts around Black Friday "
msgstr ""
#. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para>
-#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:4065
+#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:4335
msgid ""
"<quote>We sweated it out the night before Black Friday, wondering if our "
"fans were going to hate us for it,</quote> he said. <quote>But it made us "
msgstr ""
#. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para>
-#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:4071
+#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:4341
msgid ""
"This sort of bold transparency delights the media, but more importantly, it "
"engages their fans. <quote>One of the most surprising things you can do in "
msgstr ""
#. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para>
-#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:4078
+#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:4348
msgid ""
"Max also likened it to a grand improv scene. <quote>If we do something a "
"little subversive and unexpected, the public wants to be a part of the joke."
msgstr ""
#. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para>
-#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:4086
+#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:4356
msgid ""
"This remarkable trust they have in their customers is what inspired their "
"decision to apply a Creative Commons license to the game. Trusting your "
msgstr ""
#. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para>
-#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:4099
+#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:4369
msgid ""
"Any successful product inspires its biggest fans to create remixes of it, "
"but unsanctioned adaptations are more likely to fly under the radar. The "
msgstr ""
#. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para>
-#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:4107
+#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:4377
msgid ""
"Max said, <quote>CC was a no-brainer for us because it gets the most people "
"involved. Making the game free and available under a CC license led to the "
msgstr ""
#. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para>
-#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:4114
+#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:4384
msgid ""
"Of course, there are limits to what the company allows its customers to do "
"with the game. They chose the Attribution-NonCommercial-ShareAlike license "
msgstr ""
#. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para>
-#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:4128
+#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:4398
msgid ""
"Just as there is more than meets the eye to the Cards Against Humanity "
"business model, the same can be said of the game itself. To be playable, "
msgstr ""
#. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para>
-#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:4139
+#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:4409
msgid ""
"That means cocreation with their fans really doesn’t work. The company has a "
"submission mechanism on their website, and they get thousands of "
msgstr ""
#. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para>
-#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:4150
+#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:4420
msgid ""
"For all of their success, the creators of Cards Against Humanity are only "
"partially motivated by money. Max says they have always been interested in "
msgstr ""
#. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para>
-#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:4157
+#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:4427
msgid ""
"In fact, the company has given more than $4 million to various charities and "
"causes. <quote>Cards is not our life plan,</quote> Max said. <quote>We all "
msgstr ""
#. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para>
-#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:4166
+#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:4436
msgid ""
"Seeing money as fuel rather than the ultimate goal is what has enabled them "
"to embrace Creative Commons licensing without reservation. CC licensing "
msgstr ""
#. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para>
-#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:4173
+#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:4444
msgid ""
"<quote>It’s not right for everyone to release everything under CC licensing,"
"</quote> Max said. <quote>If your only goal is to make a lot of money, then "
msgstr ""
#. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><title>
-#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:4181
+#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:4452
msgid "The Conversation"
msgstr ""
#. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><blockquote><para>
-#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:4184
+#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:4455
msgid ""
"The Conversation is an independent source of news, sourced from the academic "
"and research community and delivered direct to the public over the Internet. "
msgstr ""
#. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><blockquote><para>
-#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:4189
+#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:4460
msgid "<ulink url=\"http://theconversation.com\"/>"
msgstr ""
#. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><blockquote><para>
-#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:4191
+#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:4463
msgid ""
"<emphasis role=\"strong\">Revenue model</emphasis>: charging content "
"creators (universities pay membership fees to have their faculties serve as "
msgstr ""
#. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><blockquote><para>
-#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:4198
+#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:4472
msgid ""
"<emphasis role=\"strong\">Interviewee</emphasis>: Andrew Jaspan, founder"
msgstr ""
#. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para>
-#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:4206
+#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:4480
msgid ""
"Andrew Jaspan spent years as an editor of major newspapers including the "
"Observer in London, the Sunday Herald in Glasgow, and the Age in Melbourne, "
msgstr ""
#. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para>
-#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:4216
+#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:4490
msgid ""
"Around the time he left his job as editor of the Melbourne Age, Andrew "
"wondered where citizens would get news grounded in fact and evidence rather "
msgstr ""
#. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para>
-#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:4223
+#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:4497
msgid ""
"While at the Age, he’d become friends with a vice-chancellor of a university "
"in Melbourne who encouraged him to talk to smart people across campus—an "
msgstr ""
#. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para>
-#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:4244
+#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:4518
msgid ""
"Andrew believed he could to help connect academics back into the public "
"arena, and maybe help society find solutions to big problems. He thought "
msgstr ""
#. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para>
-#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:4257
+#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:4531
msgid ""
"The people he spoke to liked this idea, and Andrew embarked on raising money "
"and support with the help of the Commonwealth Scientific and Industrial "
msgstr ""
#. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para>
-#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:4270
+#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:4544
msgid ""
"The Conversation is founded on the belief that underpinning a functioning "
"democracy is access to independent, high-quality, informative journalism. "
msgstr ""
#. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para><footnote><para>
-#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:4283
+#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:4559
msgid "<ulink url=\"http://theconversation.com/us/charter\"/>"
msgstr ""
#. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para>
-#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:4281
+#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:4555
msgid ""
"Andrew worked hard to reinvent a methodology for creating reliable, credible "
"content. He introduced strict new working practices, a charter, and codes of "
msgstr ""
#. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para>
-#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:4296
+#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:4574
msgid ""
"Creative Commons help with these goals; articles are published with the "
"Attribution- NoDerivs license (CC BY-ND). They’re freely available for "
msgstr ""
#. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para>
-#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:4308
+#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:4586
msgid ""
"When readers come across the Conversation, they seem to like what they find "
"and recommend it to their friends, peers, and networks. Readership has "
msgstr ""
#. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para>
-#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:4316
+#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:4594
msgid ""
"It’s usual for the founders of any company to ask themselves what kind of "
"company it should be. It quickly became clear to the founders of the "
msgstr ""
#. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para>
-#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:4325
+#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:4603
msgid ""
"There are now different editions of the Conversation for Africa, the United "
"Kingdom, France, and the United States, in addition to the one for "
msgstr ""
#. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para>
-#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:4335
+#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:4613
msgid ""
"Additionally, each edition has its own set of founding partners, strategic "
"partners, and funders. They’ve received funding from foundations, "
msgstr ""
#. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para>
-#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:4344
+#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:4622
msgid ""
"When professors from member universities write an article, there is some "
"branding of the university associated with the article. On the Conversation "
msgstr ""
#. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para>
-#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:4352
+#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:4630
msgid ""
"Academics are not paid for their contributions, but they get free editing "
"from a professional (four to five hours per piece, on average). They also "
msgstr ""
#. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para>
-#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:4362
+#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:4640
msgid ""
"The Conversation plans to expand the dashboard to show not just reach but "
"impact. This tracks activities, behaviors, and events that occurred as a "
msgstr ""
#. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para>
-#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:4370
+#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:4648
msgid ""
"These reach and impact metrics show the benefits of membership. With the "
"Conversation, universities can engage with the public and show why they’re "
msgstr ""
#. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para>
-#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:4375
+#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:4653
msgid ""
"With its tagline, <quote>Academic Rigor, Journalistic Flair,</quote> the "
"Conversation represents a new form of journalism that contributes to a more "
msgstr ""
#. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><title>
-#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:4384
+#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:4663
msgid "Cory Doctorow"
msgstr ""
#. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><blockquote><para>
-#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:4387
+#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:4666
msgid ""
"Cory Doctorow is a science fiction writer, activist, blogger, and "
"journalist. Based in the U.S."
msgstr ""
#. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><blockquote><para>
-#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:4390
+#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:4670
msgid ""
"<ulink url=\"http://craphound.com\"/> and <ulink url=\"http://boingboing.net"
"\"/>"
msgstr ""
#. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><blockquote><para>
-#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:4393
+#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:4674
msgid ""
"<emphasis role=\"strong\">Revenue model</emphasis>: charging for physical "
"copies (book sales), pay-what-you-want, selling translation rights to books"
msgstr ""
#. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><blockquote><para>
-#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:4397
+#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:4679
msgid "<emphasis role=\"strong\">Interview date</emphasis>: January 12, 2016"
msgstr ""
#. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para>
-#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:4405
+#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:4687
msgid ""
"Cory Doctorow hates the term <quote>business model,</quote> and he is "
"adamant that he is not a brand. <quote>To me, branding is the idea that you "
msgstr ""
#. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para>
-#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:4414
+#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:4696
msgid ""
"Cory calls himself an entrepreneur. He likes to say his success came from "
"making stuff people happened to like and then getting out of the way of them "
msgstr ""
#. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para>
-#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:4419
+#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:4701
msgid ""
"He is a science fiction writer, activist, blogger, and journalist. "
"Beginning with his first novel, Down and Out in the Magic Kingdom, in 2003, "
msgstr ""
#. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para>
-#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:4430
+#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:4712
msgid ""
"Cory primarily makes money by selling physical books, but he also takes on "
"paid speaking gigs and is experimenting with pay-what-you-want models for "
msgstr ""
#. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para>
-#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:4435
+#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:4717
msgid ""
"While Cory’s extensive body of fiction work has a large following, he is "
"just as well known for his activism. He is an outspoken opponent of "
msgstr ""
#. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para>
-#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:4452
+#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:4734
msgid ""
"Cory has been financially successful, but money is not his primary "
"motivation. At the start of his book Information Doesn’t Want to Be Free, he "
msgstr ""
#. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para>
-#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:4466
+#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:4748
msgid ""
"Just as money is not his primary motivation to create, money is not his "
"primary motivation to share. For Cory, sharing his work with Creative "
msgstr ""
#. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para>
-#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:4476
+#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:4758
msgid ""
"He also feels like there is a solid commercial basis for licensing his work "
"with Creative Commons. While he acknowledges he hasn’t been able to do a "
msgstr ""
#. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para>
-#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:4486
+#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:4768
msgid ""
"Cory started using CC licenses soon after they were first created. At the "
"time his first novel came out, he says the science fiction genre was overrun "
msgstr ""
#. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para>
-#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:4499
+#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:4781
msgid ""
"Cory admits the stakes were pretty low for him when he first adopted "
"Creative Commons licenses. He only had to sell two thousand copies of his "
msgstr ""
#. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para>
-#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:4507
+#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:4789
msgid ""
"The bottom line, Cory says, is that no one has found a way to prevent people "
"from copying the stuff they like. Rather than fighting the tide, Cory makes "
msgstr ""
#. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para>
-#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:4515
+#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:4797
msgid ""
"Making his work available under Creative Commons licenses enables him to "
"view his biggest fans as his ambassadors. <quote>Being open to fan activity "
msgstr ""
#. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para>
-#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:4530
+#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:4812
msgid ""
"His first book was published under the most restrictive Creative Commons "
"license, Attribution-NonCommercial-NoDerivs (CC BY-NC-ND). It allows only "
msgstr ""
#. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para>
-#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:4545
+#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:4827
msgid ""
"In his book Information Doesn’t Want to Be Free, Cory likens his philosophy "
"to thinking like a dandelion. Dandelions produce thousands of seeds each "
msgstr ""
#. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para>
-#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:4560
+#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:4842
msgid ""
"Applying a CC license to his work increases the chances it will be shared "
"more widely around the Web. He avoids DRM—and openly opposes the practice—"
msgstr ""
#. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para>
-#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:4571
+#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:4853
msgid ""
"Cory operates under the premise that artists benefit when there are more, "
"rather than fewer, places where people can access their work. The Internet "
msgstr ""
#. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para>
-#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:4582
+#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:4864
msgid ""
"Cory says his e-book sales have been lower than those of his competitors, "
"and he attributes some of that to the CC license making the work available "
msgstr ""
#. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para>
-#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:4593
+#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:4875
msgid ""
"Fans are particularly willing to pay when they feel personally connected to "
"the artist. Cory works hard to create that personal connection. One way he "
msgstr ""
#. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para>
-#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:4605
+#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:4887
msgid ""
"Cory’s realism about the difficulty of making a living in the arts does not "
"reflect pessimism about the Internet age. Instead, he says the fact that it "
msgstr ""
#. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para>
-#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:4613
+#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:4895
msgid "It has never been easier to think like a dandelion."
msgstr ""
#. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><title>
-#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:4617
+#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:4899
msgid "Figshare"
msgstr ""
#. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><blockquote><para>
-#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:4620
+#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:4902
msgid ""
"Figshare is a for-profit company offering an online repository where "
"researchers can preserve and share the output of their research, including "
msgstr ""
#. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><blockquote><para>
-#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:4626
+#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:4908
msgid "<ulink url=\"http://figshare.com\"/>"
msgstr ""
#. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><blockquote><para>
-#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:4628
+#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:4911
msgid ""
"<emphasis role=\"strong\">Revenue model</emphasis>: platform providing paid "
"services to creators"
msgstr ""
#. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><blockquote><para>
-#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:4631
+#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:4915
msgid "<emphasis role=\"strong\">Interview date</emphasis>: January 28, 2016"
msgstr ""
#. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><blockquote><para>
-#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:4634
+#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:4919
msgid "<emphasis role=\"strong\">Interviewee</emphasis>: Mark Hahnel, founder"
msgstr ""
#. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para>
-#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:4642
+#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:4927
msgid ""
"Figshare’s mission is to change the face of academic publishing through "
"improved dissemination, discoverability, and reusability of scholarly "
msgstr ""
#. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para>
-#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:4653
+#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:4938
msgid ""
"Figshare founder Mark Hahnel often gets asked: How do you make money? How do "
"we know you’ll be here in five years? Can you, as a for-profit venture, be "
msgstr ""
#. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para>
-#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:4658
+#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:4943
msgid ""
"Mark traces the origins of Figshare back to when he was a graduate student "
"getting his PhD in stem cell biology. His research involved working with "
msgstr ""
#. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para>
-#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:4667
+#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:4952
msgid ""
"Mark does not consider himself an advanced software programmer. "
"Fortunately, things like cloud-based computing and wikis had become "
msgstr ""
#. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para>
-#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:4674
+#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:4959
msgid ""
"There were two key needs: licenses to make the data citable, and persistent "
"identifiers— URL links that always point back to the original object "
msgstr ""
#. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para>
-#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:4680
+#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:4965
msgid ""
"Mark chose Digital Object Identifiers (DOIs) to meet the need for a "
"persistent identifier. In the DOI system, an object’s metadata is stored as "
msgstr ""
#. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para>
-#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:4689
+#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:4974
msgid ""
"As for licenses, Mark chose Creative Commons. The open-access and open-"
"science communities were already using and recommending Creative Commons. "
msgstr ""
#. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para>
-#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:4697
+#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:4982
msgid ""
"So Mark began using DOIs and Creative Commons for his own research work. He "
"had a science blog where he wrote about it and made all his data open. "
msgstr ""
#. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para>
-#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:4703
+#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:4988
msgid ""
"People liked the interface and simple upload process. People started asking "
"if they could also share theses, grant proposals, and code. Inclusion of "
msgstr ""
#. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para>
-#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:4711
+#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:4996
msgid ""
"Mark sought investment to make this into a scalable product. After a few "
"unsuccessful funding pitches, UK-based Digital Science expressed interest "
msgstr ""
#. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para>
-#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:4718
+#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:5003
msgid ""
"Under the freemium model, academics upload their research to Figshare for "
"storage and sharing for free. Each research object is licensed with Creative "
msgstr ""
#. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para>
-#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:4730
+#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:5015
msgid ""
"In January 2012, Figshare was launched. (The fig in Figshare stands for "
"figures.) Using investment funds, Mark made significant improvements to "
msgstr ""
#. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para>
-#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:4740
+#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:5025
msgid ""
"Figshare diversified its business model to include services for journals. "
"Figshare began hosting large amounts of data for the journals’ online "
"this functionality as part of their own infrastructure. Figshare-hosted data "
"also provides a link back to the article, generating additional click-"
"through and readership—a benefit to both journal publishers and "
-"researchers. Figshare now provides research-data infrastructure for a wide "
-"variety of publishers including Wiley, Springer Nature, PLOS, and Taylor and "
-"Francis, to name a few, and has convinced them to use Creative Commons "
-"licenses for the data."
+"researchers. Figshare now provides"
msgstr ""
#. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para>
-#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:4754
+#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:5036
+msgid ""
+"research-data infrastructure for a wide variety of publishers including "
+"Wiley, Springer Nature, PLOS, and Taylor and Francis, to name a few, and has "
+"convinced them to use Creative Commons licenses for the data."
+msgstr ""
+
+#. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para>
+#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:5042
msgid ""
"Governments allocate significant public funds to research. In parallel with "
"the launch of Figshare, governments around the world began requesting the "
msgstr ""
#. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para>
-#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:4764
+#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:5052
msgid ""
"Figshare now offers a range of fee-based services to institutions, including "
"their own minibranded Figshare space (called Figshare for Institutions) that "
msgstr ""
#. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para>
-#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:4774
+#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:5062
msgid ""
"As with researchers and publishers, Fig-share encouraged institutions to "
"share their research with CC BY (Attribution) and their data with CC0 (into "
msgstr ""
#. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para>
-#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:4787
+#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:5075
msgid ""
"For Mark this created a conflict. On the one hand, the principles and "
"benefits of open science are at the heart of Figshare, and Mark believes CC "
msgstr ""
#. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para>
-#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:4797
+#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:5085
msgid ""
"Mark is thinking of doing a Figshare study that tracks research "
"dissemination according to Creative Commons license, and gathering metrics "
msgstr ""
#. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para><footnote><para>
-#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:4810
+#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:5100
msgid ""
"<ulink url=\"http://figshare.com/articles/"
"Journal_subscription_costs_FOIs_to_UK_universities/1186832\"/>"
msgstr ""
#. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para><footnote><para>
-#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:4813
+#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:5107
msgid ""
"<ulink url=\"http://retr0.shinyapps.io/journal_costs/?year=2014&"
"inst=19,22,38,42,59,64,80,95,136\"/>"
msgstr ""
#. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para>
-#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:4805
+#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:5093
msgid ""
"Figshare has an Application Programming Interface (API) that makes it "
"possible for data to be pulled from Figshare and used in other applications. "
msgstr ""
#. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para>
-#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:4816
+#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:5112
msgid ""
"The free version of Figshare has built a community of academics, who through "
"word of mouth and presentations have promoted and spread awareness of "
msgstr ""
#. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para><footnote><para>
-#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:4831
+#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:5129
msgid "<ulink url=\"http://figshare.com/features\"/>"
msgstr ""
#. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para>
-#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:4827
+#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:5123
msgid ""
"Mark says his success is partly about being in the right place at the right "
"time. He also believes that the diversification of Figshare’s model over "
msgstr ""
#. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para>
-#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:4838
+#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:5138
msgid ""
"Today Figshare has 26 million–plus page views, 7.5 million–plus downloads, "
"800,000–plus user uploads, 2 million–plus articles, 500,000-plus "
msgstr ""
#. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para>
-#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:4846
+#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:5146
msgid ""
"Figshare uses the revenue it generates from the premium subscribers, journal "
"publishers, and institutions to fund and expand what it can offer to "
msgstr ""
#. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><title>
-#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:4861
+#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:5162
msgid "Figure.NZ"
msgstr ""
#. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><blockquote><para>
-#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:4864
+#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:5165
msgid ""
"Figure.NZ is a nonprofit charity that makes an online data platform designed "
"to make data reusable and easy to understand. Founded in 2012 in New "
msgstr ""
#. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><blockquote><para>
-#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:4869
+#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:5170
msgid "<ulink url=\"http://figure.nz\"/>"
msgstr ""
#. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><blockquote><para>
-#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:4871
+#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:5173
msgid ""
"<emphasis role=\"strong\">Revenue model</emphasis>: platform providing paid "
"services to creators, donations, sponsorships"
msgstr ""
#. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><blockquote><para>
-#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:4874
+#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:5177
msgid "<emphasis role=\"strong\">Interview date</emphasis>: May 3, 2016"
msgstr ""
#. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><blockquote><para>
-#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:4876
+#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:5180
msgid ""
"<emphasis role=\"strong\">Interviewee</emphasis>: Lillian Grace, founder"
msgstr ""
#. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para><footnote><para>
-#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:4885
+#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:5191
msgid ""
"<ulink url=\"http://www.nzdatafutures.org.nz/sites/default/files/"
"NZDFF_harness-the-power.pdf\"/>"
msgstr ""
#. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para>
-#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:4884
+#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:5188
msgid ""
"In the paper Harnessing the Economic and Social Power of Data presented at "
"the New Zealand Data Futures Forum in 2014,<placeholder type=\"footnote\" id="
msgstr ""
#. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para>
-#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:4903
+#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:5211
msgid ""
"Lillian had the idea for Figure.NZ in February 2012 while working for the "
"New Zealand Institute, a think tank concerned with improving economic "
msgstr ""
#. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para>
-#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:4914
+#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:5222
msgid ""
"Lillian began to imagine a website that lifted data up to a visual form that "
"could be easily understood and freely accessed. Initially launched as Wiki "
msgstr ""
#. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para>
-#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:4928
+#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:5236
msgid ""
"Here’s how it works. Figure.NZ sources data from other organizations, "
"including corporations, public repositories, government departments, and "
msgstr ""
#. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para><footnote><para>
-#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:4954
+#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:5264
msgid ""
"<ulink url=\"http://www.ict.govt.nz/guidance-and-resources/open-government/"
"new-zealand-government-open-access-and-licensing-nzgoal-framework/\"/>"
msgstr ""
#. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para>
-#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:4945
+#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:5253
msgid ""
"Lillian characterizes the initial decision to use Creative Commons as "
"naively fortunate. It was first recommended to her by a colleague. Lillian "
msgstr ""
#. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para>
-#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:4961
+#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:5273
msgid ""
"Lillian thinks current ideas of what a business is are relatively new, only "
"a hundred years old or so. She’s convinced that twenty years from now, we "
msgstr ""
#. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para>
-#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:4974
+#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:5286
msgid ""
"Although Figure.NZ is a social enterprise that openly licenses their data "
"and graphs for everyone to use for free, they have taken care not to be "
msgstr ""
#. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para>
-#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:4993
+#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:5305
msgid ""
"Figure.NZ spends a lot of time seeking to understand the motivations of data "
"collectors and to identify the channels where it can provide value. Every "
msgstr ""
#. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para>
-#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:4999
+#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:5311
msgid ""
"Figure.NZ has multiple lines of business. They provide commercial services "
"to organizations that want their data publicly available and want to use "
msgstr ""
#. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para>
-#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:5015
+#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:5327
msgid ""
"Lillian notes that the current state of most data is terrible and often not "
"well understood by the people who have it. This sometimes makes it difficult "
msgstr ""
#. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para><footnote><para>
-#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:5034
+#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:5348
msgid "<ulink url=\"http://figure.nz/business/\"/>"
msgstr ""
#. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para>
-#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:5029
+#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:5341
msgid ""
"A second line of business is what Figure.NZ calls partners. ASB Bank and "
"Statistics New Zealand are partners who back Figure.NZ’s efforts. As one "
msgstr ""
#. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para><footnote><para>
-#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:5037
+#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:5355
msgid "<ulink url=\"http://figure.nz/patrons/\"/>"
msgstr ""
#. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para>
-#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:5037
+#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:5353
msgid ""
"Figure.NZ also has patrons.<placeholder type=\"footnote\" id=\"0\"/> Patrons "
"donate to topic areas they care about, directly enabling Figure.NZ to get "
msgstr ""
#. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para>
-#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:5043
+#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:5363
msgid ""
"Figure.NZ also accepts philanthropic donations, which are used to provide "
"more content, extend technology, and improve services, or are targeted to "
msgstr ""
#. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para>
-#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:5049
+#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:5369
msgid ""
"Figure.NZ has morphed and grown over time. With data aggregation, curation, "
"and visualizing services all in-house, Figure.NZ has developed a deep "
msgstr ""
#. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para>
-#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:5061
+#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:5381
msgid ""
"Figure.NZ’s website displays visuals and data associated with a wide range "
"of categories including crime, economy, education, employment, energy, "
msgstr ""
#. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para>
-#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:5071
+#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:5391
msgid ""
"Figure.NZ believes data and visuals should be useful. They provide their "
"customers with a data collection template and teach them why it’s important "
msgstr ""
#. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para>
-#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:5085
+#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:5405
msgid ""
"Lillian has a deep and profound vision for Figure.NZ that goes well beyond "
-"simply providing open-data services. She says things are different now. “We "
+"simply providing open-data services. She says things are different now. \"We "
"used to live in a world where it was really hard to share information "
"widely. And in that world, the best future was created by having a few great "
"leaders who essentially had access to the information and made decisions on "
msgstr ""
#. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para>
-#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:5094
+#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:5415
msgid ""
-"“But now we live in a world where it’s really easy to share information "
+"\"But now we live in a world where it’s really easy to share information "
"widely and also to communicate widely. In the world we live in now, the best "
"future is the one where everyone can make well-informed decisions."
msgstr ""
#. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para>
-#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:5100
+#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:5421
msgid ""
-"“The use of numbers and data as a way of making well-informed decisions is "
+"\"The use of numbers and data as a way of making well-informed decisions is "
"one of the areas where there is the biggest gaps. We don’t really use "
"numbers as a part of our thinking and part of our understanding yet."
msgstr ""
#. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para>
-#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:5106
+#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:5427
msgid ""
-"“Part of the reason is the way data is spread across hundreds of sites. In "
+"\"Part of the reason is the way data is spread across hundreds of sites. In "
"addition, for the most part, deep thinking based on data is constrained to "
"experts because most people don’t have data literacy. There once was a time "
"when many citizens in society couldn’t read or write. However, as a society, "
msgstr ""
#. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para>
-#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:5117
+#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:5438
msgid ""
-"“Figure.NZ may be the first organization to assert that everyone can use "
+"\"Figure.NZ may be the first organization to assert that everyone can use "
"numbers in their thinking, and it’s built a technological platform along "
"with trust and a network of relationships to make that possible. What you "
"can see on Figure.NZ are tens of thousands of graphs, maps, and data."
msgstr ""
#. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para>
-#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:5124
+#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:5445
msgid ""
"<quote>Figure.NZ sees this as a new kind of alphabet that can help people "
"analyze what they see around them. A way to be thoughtful and informed about "
msgstr ""
#. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para>
-#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:5133
+#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:5454
msgid ""
"Lillian sees Figure.NZ’s model as having global potential. But for now, "
"their focus is completely on making Figure.NZ work in New Zealand and to get "
-"the <quote>network effect</quote>— users dramatically increasing value for "
-"themselves and for others through use of their service. Creative Commons is "
-"core to making the network effect possible."
+"the <quote>network effect</quote>—"
+msgstr ""
+
+#. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para>
+#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:5459
+msgid ""
+"users dramatically increasing value for themselves and for others through "
+"use of their service. Creative Commons is core to making the network effect "
+"possible."
msgstr ""
#. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><title>
-#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:5142
+#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:5466
msgid "Knowledge Unlatched"
msgstr ""
#. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><blockquote><para>
-#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:5145
+#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:5469
msgid ""
"Knowledge Unlatched is a not-for-profit community interest company that "
"brings libraries together to pool funds to publish open-access books. "
msgstr ""
#. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><blockquote><para>
-#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:5150
+#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:5474
msgid "<ulink url=\"http://knowledgeunlatched.org\"/>"
msgstr ""
#. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><blockquote><para>
-#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:5152
+#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:5477
msgid ""
"<emphasis role=\"strong\">Revenue model</emphasis>: crowdfunding "
"(specialized)"
msgstr ""
#. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><blockquote><para>
-#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:5155
+#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:5481
msgid "<emphasis role=\"strong\">Interview date</emphasis>: February 26, 2016"
msgstr ""
#. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><blockquote><para>
-#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:5158
+#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:5485
msgid ""
"<emphasis role=\"strong\">Interviewee</emphasis>: Frances Pinter, founder"
msgstr ""
#. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para>
-#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:5166
+#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:5493
msgid ""
"The serial entrepreneur Dr. Frances Pinter has been at the forefront of "
"innovation in the publishing industry for nearly forty years. She founded "
msgstr ""
#. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para>
-#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:5182
+#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:5509
msgid ""
"Dr. Pinter has been in academic publishing most of her career. About ten "
"years ago, she became acquainted with the Creative Commons founder Lawrence "
msgstr ""
#. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para>
-#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:5189
+#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:5516
msgid ""
"Not long after, she ran a project in Africa convincing publishers in Uganda "
"and South Africa to put some of their content online for free using a "
msgstr ""
#. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para>
-#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:5195
+#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:5522
msgid ""
"In 2008, Bloomsbury Academic, a new imprint of Bloomsbury Publishing in the "
"United Kingdom, appointed her its founding publisher in London. As part of "
msgstr ""
#. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para>
-#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:5212
+#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:5539
msgid ""
"Frances began to look at customer interest in the three forms of the book: "
"1) the Creative Commons–licensed free online book in PDF form, 2) the "
msgstr ""
#. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para>
-#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:5221
+#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:5548
msgid ""
"After a while, Frances had an epiphany—what if there was a way to get "
"libraries to underwrite the costs of making these books up until they’re "
msgstr ""
#. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para>
-#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:5230
+#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:5557
msgid ""
"This idea is similar to the article-processing charge some open-access "
"journals charge researchers to cover publishing costs. Frances began to "
msgstr ""
#. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para>
-#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:5238
+#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:5565
msgid ""
"This idea really took hold in her mind. She didn’t really have a name for it "
"but began talking about it and making presentations to see if there was "
msgstr ""
#. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para>
-#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:5249
+#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:5576
msgid ""
"She describes the business model in a paper called Knowledge Unlatched: "
"Toward an Open and Networked Future for Academic Publishing:"
msgstr ""
#. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><orderedlist><listitem><para>
-#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:5256
+#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:5583
msgid ""
"Publishers offer titles for sale reflecting origination costs only via "
"Knowledge Unlatched."
msgstr ""
#. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><orderedlist><listitem><para>
-#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:5262
+#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:5589
msgid ""
"Individual libraries select titles either as individual titles or as "
"collections (as they do from library suppliers now)."
msgstr ""
#. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><orderedlist><listitem><para>
-#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:5268
+#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:5595
msgid ""
"Their selections are sent to Knowledge Unlatched specifying the titles to be "
"purchased at the stated price(s)."
msgstr ""
#. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><orderedlist><listitem><para>
-#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:5274
+#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:5601
msgid ""
"The price, called a Title Fee (set by publishers and negotiated by Knowledge "
"Unlatched), is paid to publishers to cover the fixed costs of publishing "
msgstr ""
#. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><orderedlist><listitem><para>
-#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:5283
+#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:5610
msgid ""
"Publishers make the selected titles available Open Access (on a Creative "
"Commons or similar open license) and are then paid the Title Fee which is "
msgstr ""
#. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><orderedlist><listitem><para><footnote><para>
-#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:5293
+#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:5622
msgid "<ulink url=\"http://www.pinter.org.uk/pdfs/Toward_an_Open.pdf\"/>"
msgstr ""
#. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><orderedlist><listitem><para>
-#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:5290
+#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:5617
msgid ""
"Publishers make print copies, e-Pub, and other digital versions of selected "
"titles available to member libraries at a discount that reflects their "
msgstr ""
#. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para>
-#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:5298
+#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:5629
msgid ""
"The first round of this model resulted in a collection of twenty-eight "
"current titles from thirteen recognized scholarly publishers being "
msgstr ""
#. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para><footnote><para>
-#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:5309
+#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:5642
msgid ""
"<ulink url=\"http://collections.knowledgeunlatched.org/collection-"
"availability-1/\"/>"
msgstr ""
#. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para>
-#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:5308
+#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:5639
msgid ""
"The open-access, Creative Commons versions of these twenty-eight books are "
"still available online.<placeholder type=\"footnote\" id=\"0\"/> Most books "
msgstr ""
#. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para>
-#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:5319
+#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:5654
msgid ""
"There are three cost variables to consider for each round: the overall cost "
"incurred by the publishers, total cost for each library to acquire all the "
msgstr ""
#. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para>
-#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:5331
+#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:5666
msgid ""
"The second round, recently completed, unlatched seventy-eight books from "
"twenty-six publishers. For this round, Frances was experimenting with the "
msgstr ""
#. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para>
-#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:5346
+#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:5681
msgid ""
"The longest part of the whole process is getting libraries to pledge and "
"commit funds. It takes about five months, as library buy-in has to fit "
msgstr ""
#. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para>
-#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:5352
+#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:5687
msgid ""
"Knowledge Unlatched informs and recruits libraries through social media, "
"mailing lists, listservs, and library associations. Of the three hundred "
msgstr ""
#. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para>
-#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:5362
+#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:5697
msgid ""
"Knowledge Unlatched is scaling up, offering 150 new titles in the second "
"half of 2016. It will also offer backlist titles, and in 2017 will start to "
msgstr ""
#. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para>
-#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:5367
+#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:5702
msgid ""
"Knowledge Unlatched deliberately chose monographs as the initial type of "
"book to unlatch. Monographs are foundational and important, but also "
msgstr ""
#. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para>
-#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:5373
+#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:5708
msgid ""
"The cost for the publisher to get to a first digital copy of a monograph is "
"$5,000 to $50,000. A good one costs in the $10,000 to $15,000 range. "
msgstr ""
#. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para><footnote><para>
-#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:5390
+#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:5727
msgid ""
"<ulink url=\"http://www.knowledgeunlatched.org/featured-authors-section/\"/>"
msgstr ""
#. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para>
-#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:5383
+#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:5718
msgid ""
"Authors don’t generally make a lot of royalties from monographs. Royalties "
"range from zero dollars to 5 to 10 percent of receipts. The value to the "
msgstr ""
#. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para>
-#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:5393
+#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:5732
msgid ""
"Library budgets are constantly being squeezed, partly due to the inflation "
"of journal subscriptions. But even without budget constraints, academic "
msgstr ""
#. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para>
-#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:5404
+#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:5743
msgid ""
"Knowledge Unlatched offers libraries a compelling economic argument. Many of "
"the participating libraries would have bought a copy of the monograph "
msgstr ""
#. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para>
-#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:5412
+#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:5751
msgid ""
"Not only do the economics make sense, but there is very strong alignment "
"with library mandates. The participating libraries pay less than they would "
msgstr ""
#. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para>
-#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:5425
+#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:5764
msgid ""
"For publishers, authors, and librarians, the Knowledge Unlatched model for "
"monographs is a win-win-win."
msgstr ""
#. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para>
-#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:5429
+#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:5768
msgid ""
"In the first round, Knowledge Unlatched’s overheads were covered by grants. "
"In the second round, they aim to demonstrate the model is sustainable. "
msgstr ""
#. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para>
-#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:5440
+#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:5779
msgid ""
"Frances believes that Knowledge Unlatched is tapping into new ways of "
"valuing academic content. It’s about considering how many people can find, "
msgstr ""
#. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><title>
-#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:5452
+#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:5792
msgid "Lumen Learning"
msgstr ""
#. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><blockquote><para>
-#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:5455
+#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:5795
msgid ""
"Lumen Learning is a for-profit company helping educational institutions use "
"open educational resources (OER). Founded in 2013 in the U.S."
msgstr ""
#. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><blockquote><para>
-#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:5460
+#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:5800
msgid "<ulink url=\"http://lumenlearning.com\"/>"
msgstr ""
#. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><blockquote><para>
-#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:5462
+#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:5803
msgid ""
"<emphasis role=\"strong\">Revenue model</emphasis>: charging for custom "
"services, grant funding"
msgstr ""
#. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><blockquote><para>
-#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:5465
+#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:5807
msgid "<emphasis role=\"strong\">Interview date</emphasis>: December 21, 2015"
msgstr ""
#. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><blockquote><para>
-#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:5468
+#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:5811
msgid ""
"<emphasis role=\"strong\">Interviewees</emphasis>: David Wiley and Kim "
"Thanos, cofounders"
msgstr ""
#. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para><footnote><para>
-#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:5482
+#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:5827
msgid "<ulink url=\"http://lumenlearning.com/innovative-projects/\"/>"
msgstr ""
#. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para>
-#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:5476
+#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:5819
msgid ""
"Cofounded by open education visionary Dr. David Wiley and education-"
"technology strategist Kim Thanos, Lumen Learning is dedicated to improving "
msgstr ""
#. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para>
-#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:5499
+#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:5846
msgid ""
"David and Kim went back and forth on whether it should be a nonprofit or "
"for- profit. A nonprofit would make it a more comfortable fit with the "
msgstr ""
#. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para>
-#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:5509
+#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:5856
msgid ""
"But as a for-profit, they’d have to convince educational institutions to pay "
"for what Lumen had to offer. On the positive side, they’d have more control "
msgstr ""
#. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para>
-#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:5518
+#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:5865
msgid ""
"Right from the start, David and Kim positioned Lumen Learning as a way to "
"help institutions engage in open educational resources, or OER. OER are "
msgstr ""
#. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para>
-#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:5526
+#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:5873
msgid ""
"Originally, Lumen did custom contracts for each institution. This was "
"complicated and challenging to manage. However, through that process "
msgstr ""
#. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><itemizedlist><listitem><para>
-#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:5542
+#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:5889
msgid "replace expensive textbooks in high-enrollment courses with OER;"
msgstr ""
#. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><itemizedlist><listitem><para>
-#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:5548
+#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:5895
msgid ""
"provide enrolled students day one access to Lumen’s fully customizable OER "
"course materials through the institution’s learning-management system;"
msgstr ""
#. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><itemizedlist><listitem><para>
-#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:5555
+#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:5902
msgid ""
"measure improvements in student success with metrics like passing rates, "
"persistence, and course completion; and"
msgstr ""
#. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><itemizedlist><listitem><para>
-#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:5561
+#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:5908
msgid ""
"collaborate with faculty to make ongoing improvements to OER based on "
"student success research."
msgstr ""
#. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para>
-#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:5567
+#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:5914
msgid ""
"Lumen has developed a suite of open, Creative Commons–licensed courseware in "
"more than sixty-five subjects. All courses are freely and publicly available "
msgstr ""
#. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para>
-#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:5575
+#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:5922
msgid ""
"Then there are three types of bundled services that cost money. One option, "
"which Lumen calls Candela courseware, offers integration with the "
msgstr ""
#. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para>
-#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:5583
+#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:5930
msgid ""
"A second option is Waymaker, which offers the services of Candela but adds "
"personalized learning technologies, such as study plans, automated messages, "
msgstr ""
#. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para>
-#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:5590
+#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:5937
msgid ""
"The third and emerging line of business for Lumen is providing guidance and "
"support for institutions and state systems that are pursuing the development "
msgstr ""
#. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para>
-#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:5599
+#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:5946
msgid ""
"Lumen generates revenue by charging for their value-added tools and services "
"on top of their free courses, just as solar-power companies provide the "
msgstr ""
#. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para>
-#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:5616
+#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:5963
msgid ""
"In most cases, development of their courses is funded by the institution "
"Lumen has a contract with. When creating new courses, Lumen typically works "
msgstr ""
#. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para>
-#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:5627
+#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:5974
msgid ""
"Sometimes faculty like the existing OER but not the way it is presented. The "
"open licensing of existing OER allows Lumen to pick and choose from images, "
msgstr ""
#. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para>
-#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:5638
+#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:5985
msgid ""
"Using only OER made them experience firsthand how complex it could be to mix "
"differently licensed work together. A common strategy with OER is to place "
msgstr ""
#. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para>
-#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:5646
+#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:5993
msgid ""
"Remixing OER often results in multiple attributions on every page of every "
"course—text from one place, images from another, and videos from yet "
msgstr ""
#. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para>
-#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:5657
+#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:6004
msgid ""
"Lumen’s commitment to open licensing and helping low-income students has led "
"to strong relationships with institutions, open-education enthusiasts, and "
msgstr ""
#. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para>
-#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:5665
+#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:6012
msgid ""
"To manage demand and ensure the success of projects, their strategy is to be "
"proactive and focus on what’s going on in higher education in different "
msgstr ""
#. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para>
-#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:5678
+#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:6025
msgid ""
"As a business, Lumen is committed to openness. There are two core "
"nonnegotiables: Lumen’s use of CC BY, the most permissive of the Creative "
msgstr ""
#. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para>
-#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:5688
+#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:6035
msgid ""
"Openness also means that Lumen’s OER must necessarily be nonexclusive and "
"nonrivalrous. This represents several big challenges for the business model: "
msgstr ""
#. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para>
-#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:5698
+#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:6045
msgid ""
"In the OER sector, there are examples of corporations, and even "
"institutions, acting as free riders. Some simply take and use open resources "
msgstr ""
#. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para>
-#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:5707
+#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:6054
msgid ""
"Lumen does track institutions accessing and using their free content. They "
"proactively contact those institutions, with an estimate of how much their "
msgstr ""
#. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para>
-#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:5718
+#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:6065
msgid ""
"Lumen works hard to be a good corporate citizen in the OER community. For "
"David and Kim, a good corporate citizen gives more than they take, adds "
msgstr ""
#. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para>
-#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:5727
+#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:6074
msgid ""
"Licensing all the content they produce with CC BY is a key part of giving "
"more value than they take. They’ve also worked hard at finding the right "
msgstr ""
#. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para>
-#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:5733
+#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:6080
msgid ""
"As of the fall 2016 term, Lumen had eighty-six different open courses, "
"working relationships with ninety-two institutions, and more than seventy-"
msgstr ""
#. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para>
-#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:5745
+#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:6092
msgid ""
"In creating Lumen Learning, David and Kim say they’ve landed on solutions "
"they never imagined, and there is still a lot of learning taking place. For "
msgstr ""
#. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><title>
-#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:5756
+#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:6104
msgid "Jonathan Mann"
msgstr ""
#. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><blockquote><para>
-#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:5759
+#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:6107
msgid ""
"Jonathan Mann is a singer and songwriter who is most well known as the "
"<quote>Song A Day</quote> guy. Based in the U.S."
msgstr ""
#. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><blockquote><para>
-#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:5762
+#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:6111
msgid ""
"<ulink url=\"http://jonathanmann.net\"/> and <ulink url=\"http://"
"jonathanmann.bandcamp.com\"/>"
msgstr ""
#. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><blockquote><para>
-#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:5765
+#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:6115
msgid ""
"<emphasis role=\"strong\">Revenue model</emphasis>: charging for custom "
"services, pay-what-you-want, crowdfunding (subscription-based), charging for "
msgstr ""
#. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><blockquote><para>
-#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:5770
+#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:6121
msgid "<emphasis role=\"strong\">Interview date</emphasis>: February 22, 2016"
msgstr ""
#. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para>
-#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:5778
+#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:6129
msgid ""
"Jonathan Mann thinks of his business model as <quote>hustling</quote>—"
"seizing nearly every opportunity he sees to make money. The bulk of his "
msgstr ""
#. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para>
-#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:5790
+#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:6141
msgid ""
"His entrepreneurial spirit is coupled with a willingness to take action "
"quickly. A perfect illustration of his ability to act fast happened in 2010, "
msgstr ""
#. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para>
-#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:5801
+#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:6152
msgid ""
"Jonathan’s successful <quote>hustling</quote> is also about old-fashioned "
"persistence. He is currently in his eighth straight year of writing one song "
msgstr ""
#. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para>
-#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:5808
+#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:6159
msgid ""
"He fell into this role by, naturally, seizing a random opportunity a friend "
"alerted him to seven years ago—an event called Fun-A-Day, where people are "
msgstr ""
#. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para>
-#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:5818
+#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:6169
msgid ""
"He had a really good time doing the thirty-one-day challenge, so he decided "
"to see if he could continue it for one year. He never stopped. He has "
msgstr ""
#. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para>
-#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:5834
+#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:6185
msgid ""
"Over time, the song-a-day gig became the basis of his livelihood. In the "
"beginning, he made money one of two ways. The first was by entering a wide "
msgstr ""
#. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para>
-#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:5843
+#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:6194
msgid ""
"His website explains his gig as <quote>taking any message, from the super "
"simple to the totally complicated, and conveying that message through a "
msgstr ""
#. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para>
-#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:5852
+#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:6203
msgid ""
"Jonathan can’t recall when exactly he first learned about Creative Commons, "
"but he began applying CC licenses to his songs and videos as soon as he "
msgstr ""
#. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para>
-#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:5861
+#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:6212
msgid ""
"His songs are essentially marketing for his services, so obviously the "
"further his songs spread, the better. Using CC licenses helps grease the "
msgstr ""
#. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para>
-#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:5871
+#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:6222
msgid ""
"There are some people who cover his songs fairly regularly, and he would "
"never shut that down. But he acknowledges there is a lot more he could do to "
msgstr ""
#. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para>
-#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:5878
+#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:6229
msgid ""
"He does have a fan community he cultivates on Bandcamp, but it isn’t his "
"major focus. <quote>I do have a core audience that has stuck around for a "
msgstr ""
#. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para>
-#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:5888
+#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:6239
msgid ""
"Jonathan recognizes what comes naturally to him and leverages those skills. "
"Through the practice of daily songwriting, he realized he has a gift for "
msgstr ""
#. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para>
-#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:5900
+#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:6251
msgid ""
"When he is hired by a client to write a song, he first asks them to send a "
"list of talking points and other information they want to include in the "
"thing he tries to do is grok the core message and develop the chorus. Then "
"he looks for connections or parts he can make rhyme. The entire process "
"really does resemble good journalism, but of course the final product of his "
-"work is a song rather than news. <quote>There is something about being "
-"challenged and forced to take information that doesn’t seem like it should "
-"be sung about or doesn’t seem like it lends itself to a song,</quote> he "
-"said. <quote>I find that creative challenge really satisfying. I enjoy "
-"getting lost in that process.</quote>"
+"work is a song rather than news. \"There is something about being challenged "
+"and forced to take information that doesn’t seem like it should be sung about"
+msgstr ""
+
+#. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para>
+#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:6264
+msgid ""
+"or doesn’t seem like it lends itself to a song,\" he said. <quote>I find "
+"that creative challenge really satisfying. I enjoy getting lost in that "
+"process.</quote>"
msgstr ""
#. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para>
-#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:5916
+#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:6269
msgid ""
"Jonathan admits that in an ideal world, he would exclusively write the music "
"he wanted to write, rather than what clients hire him to write. But his "
msgstr ""
#. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para>
-#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:5923
+#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:6276
msgid ""
"Jonathan uses nearly every tool possible to make money from his art, but he "
"does have lines he won’t cross. He won’t write songs about things he "
msgstr ""
#. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para>
-#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:5935
+#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:6288
msgid ""
"Jonathan’s song-a-day commitment exemplifies the power of habit and grit. "
"Conventional wisdom about creative productivity, including advice in books "
msgstr ""
#. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para>
-#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:5944
+#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:6297
msgid ""
"When he speaks about his work, he talks about how much the song-a-day "
"process has changed him. Rather than seeing any given piece of work as "
msgstr ""
#. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para>
-#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:5951
+#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:6304
msgid ""
"Jonathan seems to have this mentality about his career more generally. He is "
"constantly experimenting with ways to make a living while sharing his work "
msgstr ""
#. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para>
-#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:5958
+#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:6312
msgid ""
"<quote>Success feels like it’s over,</quote> he said. <quote>To a certain "
"extent, a creative person is not ever going to feel completely satisfied "
msgstr ""
#. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><title>
-#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:5965
+#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:6319
msgid "Noun Project"
msgstr ""
#. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><blockquote><para>
-#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:5968
+#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:6322
msgid ""
"The Noun Project is a for-profit company offering an online platform to "
"display visual icons from a global network of designers. Founded in 2010 in "
msgstr ""
#. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><blockquote><para>
-#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:5973
+#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:6327
msgid "<ulink url=\"http://thenounproject.com\"/>"
msgstr ""
#. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><blockquote><para>
-#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:5975
+#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:6330
msgid ""
"<emphasis role=\"strong\">Revenue model</emphasis>: charging a transaction "
"fee, charging for custom services"
msgstr ""
#. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><blockquote><para>
-#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:5978
+#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:6334
msgid "<emphasis role=\"strong\">Interview date</emphasis>: October 6, 2015"
msgstr ""
#. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><blockquote><para>
-#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:5981
+#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:6338
msgid ""
"<emphasis role=\"strong\">Interviewee</emphasis>: Edward Boatman, cofounder"
msgstr ""
#. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para>
-#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:5989
+#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:6346
msgid ""
"The Noun Project creates and shares visual language. There are millions who "
"use Noun Project symbols to simplify communication across borders, "
msgstr ""
#. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para>
-#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:5994
+#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:6351
msgid ""
"The original idea for the Noun Project came to cofounder Edward Boatman "
"while he was a student in architecture design school. He’d always done a lot "
msgstr ""
#. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para>
-#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:6002
+#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:6359
msgid ""
"When Edward went on to work at an architecture firm, he had to make a lot of "
"presentation boards for clients. But finding high-quality sources for "
msgstr ""
#. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para>
-#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:6010
+#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:6367
msgid ""
"With his partner, Sofya Polyakov, he began collecting symbols for a website "
"and writing a business plan. Inspiration came from the book Professor and "
msgstr ""
#. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para><footnote><para>
-#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:6021
+#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:6380
msgid ""
"<ulink url=\"http://www.kickstarter.com/projects/tnp/building-a-free-"
"collection-of-our-worlds-visual-sy/description\"/>"
msgstr ""
#. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para>
-#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:6018
+#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:6375
msgid ""
"Then Edward got laid off during the recession, which turned out to be a huge "
"catalyst. He decided to give his idea a go, and in 2010 Edward and Sofya "
msgstr ""
#. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para>
-#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:6027
+#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:6388
msgid ""
"They created a platform where symbols and icons could be uploaded, and "
"Edward began recruiting talented designers to contribute their designs, a "
msgstr ""
#. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para>
-#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:6035
+#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:6396
msgid ""
"The Noun Project currently has about seven thousand designers from around "
"the world. But not all submissions are accepted. The Noun Project’s quality-"
msgstr ""
#. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para>
-#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:6044
+#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:6405
msgid ""
"Creative Commons is an integral part of the Noun Project’s business model; "
"this decision was inspired by Chris Anderson’s book Free: The Future of "
msgstr ""
#. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para>
-#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:6051
+#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:6412
msgid ""
"Edward knew he wanted to offer a free visual language while still providing "
"some protection and reward for its contributors. There is a tension between "
msgstr ""
#. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para>
-#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:6065
+#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:6426
msgid ""
"Noun Project’s business model and means of generating revenue have evolved "
"significantly over time. Their initial plan was to sell T-shirts with the "
msgstr ""
#. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para>
-#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:6076
+#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:6437
msgid ""
"They asked their global network of designers whether they’d be open to "
"receiving modest remuneration instead of attribution. Designers saw it as a "
msgstr ""
#. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para>
-#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:6083
+#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:6444
msgid ""
"The Noun Project first adopted a model whereby using an icon without giving "
"attribution would cost $1.99 per icon. The model’s second iteration added a "
msgstr ""
#. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para>
-#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:6097
+#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:6458
msgid ""
"Customers then began asking for an application-programming interface (API), "
"which would allow Noun Project icons and symbols to be directly accessed "
msgstr ""
#. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para>
-#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:6111
+#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:6472
msgid ""
"The Noun Project shares revenue with its international designers. For one-"
"off purchases, the revenue is split 70 percent to the designer and 30 "
msgstr ""
#. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para>
-#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:6116
+#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:6477
msgid ""
"The revenue from premium purchases (the subscription and API options) is "
"split a little differently. At the end of each month, the total revenue from "
msgstr ""
#. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para><footnote><para>
-#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:6128
-#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:6200
+#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:6491
+#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:6567
msgid ""
"<ulink url=\"http://thenounproject.com/handbook/royalties/#getting_paid\"/>"
msgstr ""
#. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para>
-#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:6127
+#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:6488
msgid ""
"The Noun Project tries to be completely transparent about their royalty "
"structure.<placeholder type=\"footnote\" id=\"0\"/> They tend to over "
msgstr ""
#. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para>
-#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:6132
+#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:6497
msgid ""
"For most creators, contributing to the Noun Project is not a full-time job "
"but something they do on the side. Edward categorizes monthly earnings for "
msgstr ""
#. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para>
-#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:6139
+#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:6504
msgid ""
"Recently the Noun Project launched a new app called Lingo. Designers can "
"use Lingo to organize not just their Noun Project icons and symbols but also "
msgstr ""
#. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para>
-#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:6153
+#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:6518
msgid ""
"The Noun Project gives a ton of value away for free. A very large percentage "
"of their roughly one million members have a free account, but there are "
msgstr ""
#. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para>
-#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:6160
+#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:6525
msgid ""
"For Edward, <quote>creating, sharing, and celebrating the world’s visual "
"language</quote> is the most important aspect of what they do; it’s their "
msgstr ""
#. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para>
-#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:6166
+#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:6531
msgid ""
"Noun Project creators agree. When surveyed on why they participate in the "
"Noun Project, this is how designers rank their reasons: 1) to support the "
msgstr ""
#. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para>
-#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:6175
+#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:6540
msgid ""
"In Edward’s view, Creative Commons is central to their mission of sharing "
"and social good. Using Creative Commons makes the Noun Project’s mission "
msgstr ""
#. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para>
-#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:6182
+#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:6547
msgid ""
"Edward told us, <quote>Don’t underestimate the power of a passionate "
"community around your product or your business. They are going to go to bat "
msgstr ""
#. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para>
-#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:6192
+#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:6557
msgid ""
"The Noun Project nurtures their creators’ second motivation—promoting a "
"personal brand—by connecting every icon and symbol to the creator’s name and "
msgstr ""
#. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para>
-#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:6199
+#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:6564
msgid ""
"The Noun Project also builds community through Iconathons—hackathons for "
"icons.<placeholder type=\"footnote\" id=\"0\"/> In partnership with a "
msgstr ""
#. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para>
-#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:6208
+#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:6577
msgid ""
"Providing a free version of their product that satisfies a lot of their "
"customers’ needs has actually enabled the Noun Project to build the paid "
msgstr ""
#. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><title>
-#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:6219
+#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:6589
msgid "Open Data Institute"
msgstr ""
#. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><blockquote><para>
-#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:6222
+#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:6592
msgid ""
"The Open Data Institute is an independent nonprofit that connects, equips, "
"and inspires people around the world to innovate with data. Founded in 2012 "
msgstr ""
#. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><blockquote><para>
-#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:6227
+#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:6597
msgid "<ulink url=\"http://theodi.org\"/>"
msgstr ""
#. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><blockquote><para>
-#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:6229
+#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:6600
msgid ""
"<emphasis role=\"strong\">Revenue model</emphasis>: grant and government "
"funding, charging for custom services, donations"
msgstr ""
#. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><blockquote><para>
-#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:6232
+#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:6604
msgid "<emphasis role=\"strong\">Interview date</emphasis>: November 11, 2015"
msgstr ""
#. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><blockquote><para>
-#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:6235
+#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:6608
msgid ""
"<emphasis role=\"strong\">Interviewee</emphasis>: Jeni Tennison, technical "
"director"
msgstr ""
#. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para>
-#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:6243
+#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:6616
msgid ""
"Cofounded by Sir Tim Berners-Lee and Sir Nigel Shadbolt in 2012, the London-"
"based Open Data Institute (ODI) offers data-related training, events, "
msgstr ""
#. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para>
-#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:6253
+#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:6626
msgid ""
"Data underpins planning and decision making across all aspects of society. "
"Weather data helps farmers know when to plant their crops, flight time data "
msgstr ""
#. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para>
-#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:6265
+#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:6638
msgid ""
"The Open Data Institute’s 2012–17 business plan starts out by describing its "
"vision to establish itself as a world-leading center and to research and be "
msgstr ""
#. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><itemizedlist><listitem><para>
-#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:6275
+#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:6648
msgid ""
"demonstrate the commercial value of open government data and how open-data "
"policies affect this;"
msgstr ""
#. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><itemizedlist><listitem><para>
-#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:6281
+#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:6654
msgid "develop the economic benefits case and business models for open data;"
msgstr ""
#. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><itemizedlist><listitem><para>
-#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:6287
+#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:6660
msgid "help UK businesses use open data; and"
msgstr ""
#. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><itemizedlist><listitem><para><footnote><para>
-#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:6292
+#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:6667
msgid ""
"<ulink url=\"http://e642e8368e3bf8d5526e-464b4b70b4554c1a79566214d402739e.r6."
"cf3.rackcdn.com/odi-business-plan-may-release.pdf\"/>"
msgstr ""
#. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><itemizedlist><listitem><para>
-#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:6292
+#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:6665
msgid ""
"show how open data can improve public services.<placeholder type=\"footnote"
"\" id=\"0\"/>"
msgstr ""
#. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para>
-#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:6297
+#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:6674
msgid ""
"ODI is very explicit about how it wants to make open business models, and "
"defining what this means. Jeni Tennison, ODI’s technical director, puts it "
msgstr ""
#. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para>
-#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:6307
+#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:6684
msgid ""
"As an independent nonprofit, ODI secured £10 million over five years from "
"the UK government via Innovate UK, an agency that promotes innovation in "
msgstr ""
#. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para>
-#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:6315
+#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:6692
msgid ""
"Jeni started out as a developer and technical architect for data.gov.uk, the "
"UK government’s pioneering open-data initiative. She helped make data sets "
msgstr ""
#. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para>
-#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:6322
+#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:6699
msgid ""
"ODI strives to have half its annual budget come from the core UK government "
"and Omidyar grants, and the other half from project-based research and "
msgstr ""
#. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para>
-#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:6330
+#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:6707
msgid ""
"On the commercial side, ODI generates funding through memberships, training, "
"and advisory services."
msgstr ""
#. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para><footnote><para>
-#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:6345
+#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:6724
msgid "<ulink url=\"http://directory.theodi.org/members\"/>"
msgstr ""
#. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para>
-#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:6334
+#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:6711
msgid ""
"You can join the ODI as an individual or commercial member. Individual "
"membership is pay-what-you-can, with options ranging from £1 to £100. "
msgstr ""
#. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para>
-#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:6348
+#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:6729
msgid ""
"ODI provides standardized open data training courses in which anyone can "
"enroll. The initial idea was to offer an intensive and academically oriented "
msgstr ""
#. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para>
-#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:6362
+#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:6743
msgid ""
"ODI customizes training for clients as well, for which there is more demand. "
"Custom training usually emerges through an established relationship with an "
msgstr ""
#. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para>
-#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:6371
+#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:6752
msgid ""
"Education about open data is also a part of ODI’s annual summit event, where "
"curated presentations and speakers showcase the work of ODI and its members "
msgstr ""
#. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para>
-#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:6379
+#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:6760
msgid ""
"In addition to memberships and training, ODI provides advisory services to "
"help with technical-data support, technology development, change management, "
msgstr ""
#. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para>
-#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:6388
+#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:6769
msgid ""
"On the commercial side, the following value propositions seem to resonate:"
msgstr ""
#. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><itemizedlist><listitem><para>
-#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:6394
+#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:6775
msgid ""
"Data-driven insights. Businesses need data from outside their business to "
"get more insight. Businesses can generate value and more effectively pursue "
msgstr ""
#. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><itemizedlist><listitem><para>
-#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:6402
+#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:6783
msgid ""
"Open innovation. Many large-scale enterprises are aware they don’t innovate "
"very well. One way they can innovate is to open up their data. ODI "
msgstr ""
#. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><itemizedlist><listitem><para>
-#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:6411
+#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:6792
msgid ""
"Corporate social responsibility. While this resonates with businesses, ODI "
"cautions against having it be the sole reason for making data open. If a "
msgstr ""
#. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para>
-#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:6420
+#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:6801
msgid ""
"During their early years, ODI wanted to focus solely on the United Kingdom. "
"But in their first year, large delegations of government visitors from over "
msgstr ""
#. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para>
-#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:6429
+#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:6810
msgid ""
"Nodes are franchises of the ODI at a regional or city level. Hosted by "
"existing (for-profit or not-for-profit) organizations, they operate locally "
msgstr ""
#. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para><footnote><para>
-#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:6443
+#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:6826
msgid ""
"<ulink url=\"http://theodi.org/odi-startup-programme\"/>; <ulink url="
"\"http://theodi.org/open-data-incubator-for-europe\"/>"
msgstr ""
#. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para>
-#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:6441
+#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:6822
msgid ""
"ODI also runs programs to help start-ups in the UK and across Europe develop "
"a sustainable business around open data, offering mentoring, advice, "
msgstr ""
#. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para>
-#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:6447
+#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:6832
msgid ""
"A big part of ODI’s business model revolves around community building. "
"Memberships, training, summits, consulting services, nodes, and start-up "
msgstr ""
#. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para><footnote><para>
-#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:6461
+#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:6848
msgid "<ulink url=\"http://certificates.theodi.org\"/>"
msgstr ""
#. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para>
-#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:6456
+#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:6841
msgid ""
"ODI has created an online tool that organizations can use to assess the "
"legal, practical, technical, and social aspects of their open data. If it is "
msgstr ""
#. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para>
-#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:6464
+#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:6853
msgid ""
"Separate from commercial activities, the ODI generates funding through "
"research grants. Research includes looking at evidence on the impact of open "
msgstr ""
#. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para>
-#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:6470
+#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:6859
msgid ""
"Creative Commons 4.0 licenses cover database rights and ODI recommends CC "
"BY, CC BY-SA, and CC0 for data releases. ODI encourages publishers of data "
msgstr ""
#. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para>
-#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:6477
+#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:6866
msgid ""
"For ODI, open is at the heart of what they do. They also release any "
"software code they produce under open-source-software licenses, and "
msgstr ""
#. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para>
-#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:6495
+#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:6884
msgid ""
"To serve as evidence of a successful open business model and return on "
"investment, ODI has a public dashboard of key performance indicators. Here "
msgstr ""
#. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><itemizedlist><listitem><para>
-#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:6503
+#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:6892
msgid ""
"Total amount of cash investments unlocked in direct investments in ODI, "
"competition funding, direct contracts, and partnerships, and income that ODI "
msgstr ""
#. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><itemizedlist><listitem><para>
-#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:6511
+#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:6900
msgid "Total number of active members and nodes across the globe: 1,350"
msgstr ""
#. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><itemizedlist><listitem><para>
-#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:6517
+#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:6906
msgid "Total sales since ODI began: £7.44 million"
msgstr ""
#. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><itemizedlist><listitem><para>
-#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:6522
+#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:6911
msgid ""
"Total number of unique people reached since ODI began, in person and online: "
"2.2 million"
msgstr ""
#. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><itemizedlist><listitem><para>
-#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:6528
+#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:6917
msgid "Total Open Data Certificates created: 151,000"
msgstr ""
#. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><itemizedlist><listitem><para><footnote><para>
-#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:6534
+#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:6925
msgid "<ulink url=\"http://dashboards.theodi.org/company/all\"/>"
msgstr ""
#. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><itemizedlist><listitem><para>
-#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:6533
+#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:6922
msgid ""
"Total number of people trained by ODI and its nodes since ODI began: "
"5,080<placeholder type=\"footnote\" id=\"0\"/>"
msgstr ""
#. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><title>
-#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:6540
+#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:6934
msgid "OpenDesk"
msgstr ""
#. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><blockquote><para>
-#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:6543
+#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:6937
msgid ""
"Opendesk is a for-profit company offering an online platform that connects "
"furniture designers around the world with customers and local makers who "
msgstr ""
#. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><blockquote><para>
-#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:6549
+#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:6943
msgid "<ulink url=\"http://www.opendesk.cc\"/>"
msgstr ""
#. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><blockquote><para>
-#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:6551
-#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:8982
+#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:6946
+#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:9486
msgid ""
"<emphasis role=\"strong\">Revenue model</emphasis>: charging a transaction "
"fee"
msgstr ""
#. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><blockquote><para>
-#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:6554
+#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:6950
msgid "<emphasis role=\"strong\">Interview date</emphasis>: November 4, 2015"
msgstr ""
#. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><blockquote><para>
-#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:6557
+#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:6954
msgid ""
"<emphasis role=\"strong\">Interviewees</emphasis>: Nick Ierodiaconou and "
"Joni Steiner, cofounders"
msgstr ""
#. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para>
-#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:6565
+#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:6962
msgid ""
"Opendesk is an online platform that connects furniture designers around the "
"world not just with customers but also with local registered makers who "
msgstr ""
#. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para>
-#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:6571
+#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:6968
msgid ""
"Cofounders Nick Ierodiaconou and Joni Steiner studied and worked as "
"architects together. They also made goods. Their first client was Mint "
msgstr ""
#. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para>
-#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:6588
+#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:6985
msgid ""
"When Nick and Joni set out to create Opendesk, there were a lot of questions "
"about the viability of distributed manufacturing. No one was doing it in a "
msgstr ""
#. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para>
-#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:6595
+#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:6992
msgid ""
"And now this sector is emerging, and Nick and Joni are highly interested in "
"the commercialization aspects of it. As part of coming up with a business "
msgstr ""
#. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para>
-#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:6606
+#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:7003
msgid ""
"When designing the Opendesk system, they had two goals. They wanted anyone, "
"anywhere in the world, to be able to download designs so that they could be "
msgstr ""
#. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para>
-#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:6613
+#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:7010
msgid ""
"They gave a lot of thought to three angles—the potential for social sharing, "
"allowing designers to choose their license, and the impact these choices "
msgstr ""
#. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para>
-#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:6618
+#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:7015
msgid ""
"In support of social sharing, Opendesk actively advocates for (but doesn’t "
"demand) open licensing. And Nick and Joni are agnostic about which Creative "
msgstr ""
#. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para><footnote><para>
-#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:6630
+#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:7029
msgid "<ulink url=\"http://www.opendesk.cc/designers\"/>"
msgstr ""
#. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para>
-#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:6626
+#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:7023
msgid ""
"For the most part, designers love the idea of sharing content. They "
"understand that you get positive feedback when you’re attributed, what Nick "
msgstr ""
#. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para>
-#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:6633
+#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:7034
msgid ""
"While designers are largely OK with personal sharing, there is a concern "
"that someone will take the design and manufacture the furniture in bulk, "
msgstr ""
#. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para>
-#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:6640
+#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:7041
msgid ""
"Anyone can download a design and make it themselves, provided it’s for "
"noncommercial use — and there have been many, many downloads. Or users can "
msgstr ""
#. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para><footnote><para>
-#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:6657
+#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:7060
msgid "<ulink url=\"http://www.opendesk.cc/open-making/makers/\"/>"
msgstr ""
#. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para>
-#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:6650
+#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:7051
msgid ""
"Makers benefit from being part of Opendesk’s network. Making furniture for "
"local customers is paid work, and Opendesk generates business for them. Joni "
msgstr ""
#. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para>
-#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:6660
+#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:7065
msgid ""
"The makers are a critical part of the Opendesk business model. Their model "
"builds off the makers’ quotes. Here’s how it’s expressed on Opendesk’s "
msgstr ""
#. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para>
-#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:6665
+#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:7070
msgid ""
"When customers buy an Opendesk product directly from a registered maker, "
"they pay:"
msgstr ""
#. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><itemizedlist><listitem><para>
-#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:6671
+#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:7076
msgid ""
"the manufacturing cost as set by the maker (this covers material and labour "
"costs for the product to be manufactured and any extra assembly costs "
msgstr ""
#. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><itemizedlist><listitem><para>
-#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:6678
+#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:7083
msgid ""
"a design fee for the designer (a design fee that is paid to the designer "
"every time their design is used)"
msgstr ""
#. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><itemizedlist><listitem><para>
-#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:6684
+#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:7089
msgid ""
"a percentage fee to the Opendesk platform (this supports the infrastructure "
"and ongoing development of the platform that helps us build out our "
msgstr ""
#. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><itemizedlist><listitem><para>
-#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:6691
+#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:7096
msgid ""
"a percentage fee to the channel through which the sale is made (at the "
"moment this is Opendesk, but in the future we aim to open this up to third-"
msgstr ""
#. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><itemizedlist><listitem><para>
-#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:6700
+#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:7105
msgid ""
"a local delivery service charge (the delivery is typically charged by the "
"maker, but in some cases may be paid to a third-party delivery partner)"
msgstr ""
#. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><itemizedlist><listitem><para>
-#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:6707
+#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:7112
msgid ""
"charges for any additional services the customer chooses, such as on-site "
"assembly (additional services are discretionary—in many cases makers will be "
msgstr ""
#. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><itemizedlist><listitem><para><footnote><para>
-#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:6716
+#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:7123
msgid "<ulink url=\"http://www.opendesk.cc/open-making/join\"/>"
msgstr ""
#. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><itemizedlist><listitem><para>
-#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:6715
+#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:7120
msgid ""
"local sales taxes (variable by customer and maker location)<placeholder type="
"\"footnote\" id=\"0\"/>"
msgstr ""
#. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para>
-#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:6721
+#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:7130
msgid "They then go into detail how makers’ quotes are created:"
msgstr ""
#. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para>
-#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:6724
+#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:7133
msgid ""
"When a customer wants to buy an Opendesk . . . they are provided with a "
"transparent breakdown of fees including the manufacturing cost, design fee, "
msgstr ""
#. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><itemizedlist><listitem><para>
-#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:6737
+#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:7146
msgid ""
"manufacturing cost: fabrication, finishing and any other costs as set by the "
"maker (excluding any services like delivery or on-site assembly)"
msgstr ""
#. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><itemizedlist><listitem><para>
-#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:6744
+#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:7153
msgid "design fee: 8 percent of the manufacturing cost"
msgstr ""
#. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><itemizedlist><listitem><para>
-#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:6749
+#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:7158
msgid "platform fee: 12 percent of the manufacturing cost"
msgstr ""
#. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><itemizedlist><listitem><para>
-#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:6754
+#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:7163
msgid "channel fee: 18 percent of the manufacturing cost"
msgstr ""
#. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><itemizedlist><listitem><para>
-#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:6759
+#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:7168
msgid "sales tax: as applicable (depends on product and location)"
msgstr ""
#. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para>
-#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:6764
+#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:7173
msgid ""
"Opendesk shares revenue with their community of designers. According to "
"Nick and Joni, a typical designer fee is around 2.5 percent, so Opendesk’s 8 "
msgstr ""
#. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para>
-#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:6770
+#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:7179
msgid ""
"The Opendesk website features stories of designers and makers. Denis Fuzii "
"published the design for the Valovi Chair from his studio in São Paulo. His "
msgstr ""
#. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para>
-#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:6778
+#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:7187
msgid ""
"To manage resources and remain effective, Opendesk has so far focused on a "
"very narrow niche—primarily office furniture of a certain simple aesthetic, "
msgstr ""
#. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para>
-#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:6787
+#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:7196
msgid ""
"On their website, Opendesk describes what they do as <quote>open making</"
"quote>: <quote>Designers get a global distribution channel. Makers get "
msgstr ""
#. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para>
-#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:6795
+#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:7204
msgid ""
"Nick and Joni say that customers like the fact that the furniture has a "
"known provenance. People really like that their furniture was designed by a "
msgstr ""
#. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para><footnote><para>
-#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:6808
+#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:7219
msgid "<ulink url=\"http://openmaking.is\"/>"
msgstr ""
#. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para>
-#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:6803
+#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:7212
msgid ""
"Nick and Joni are taking a community-based approach to define and evolve "
"Opendesk and the <quote>open making</quote> business model. They’re "
msgstr ""
#. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para>
-#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:6812
+#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:7225
msgid ""
"Nick and Joni talked a lot with us about intellectual property (IP) and "
"commercialization. Many of their designers fear the idea that someone could "
msgstr ""
#. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para>
-#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:6820
+#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:7233
msgid ""
"Opendesk established a set of principles for what their community considers "
"commercial and noncommercial use. Their website states:"
msgstr ""
#. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para>
-#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:6824
+#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:7237
msgid "It is unambiguously commercial use when anyone:"
msgstr ""
#. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><itemizedlist><listitem><para>
-#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:6829
+#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:7242
msgid "charges a fee or makes a profit when making an Opendesk"
msgstr ""
#. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><itemizedlist><listitem><para>
-#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:6834
+#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:7247
msgid "sells (or bases a commercial service on) an Opendesk"
msgstr ""
#. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para>
-#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:6839
+#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:7252
msgid ""
"It follows from this that noncommercial use is when you make an Opendesk "
"yourself, with no intention to gain commercial advantage or monetary "
msgstr ""
#. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><itemizedlist><listitem><para>
-#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:6847
+#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:7260
msgid ""
"you are an individual with your own CNC machine, or access to a shared CNC "
"machine, and will personally cut and make a few pieces of furniture yourself"
msgstr ""
#. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><itemizedlist><listitem><para>
-#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:6854
+#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:7267
msgid ""
"you are a student (or teacher) and you use the design files for educational "
"purposes or training (and do not intend to sell the resulting pieces)"
msgstr ""
#. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><itemizedlist><listitem><para>
-#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:6861
+#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:7274
msgid ""
"you work for a charity and get furniture cut by volunteers, or by employees "
"at a fab lab or maker space"
msgstr ""
#. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para>
-#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:6867
+#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:7280
msgid ""
"Whether or not people technically are doing things that implicate IP, Nick "
"and Joni have found that people tend to comply with the wishes of creators "
msgstr ""
#. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para>
-#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:6878
+#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:7291
msgid ""
"The mission of Opendesk is about relocalizing manufacturing, which changes "
"the way we think about how goods are made. Commercialization is integral to "
msgstr ""
#. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para>
-#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:6885
+#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:7298
msgid ""
"As a global platform for local making, Opendesk’s business model has been "
"built on honesty, transparency, and inclusivity. As Nick and Joni describe "
msgstr ""
#. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><title>
-#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:6892
+#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:7306
msgid "OpenStax"
msgstr ""
#. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><blockquote><para>
-#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:6895
+#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:7309
msgid ""
"OpenStax is a nonprofit that provides free, openly licensed textbooks for "
"high-enrollment introductory college courses and Advanced Placement courses. "
msgstr ""
#. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><blockquote><para>
-#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:6900
+#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:7314
msgid "<ulink url=\"http://www.openstaxcollege.org\"/>"
msgstr ""
#. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><blockquote><para>
-#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:6902
+#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:7317
msgid ""
"<emphasis role=\"strong\">Revenue model</emphasis>: grant funding, charging "
"for custom services, charging for physical copies (textbook sales)"
msgstr ""
#. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><blockquote><para>
-#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:6906
+#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:7322
msgid "<emphasis role=\"strong\">Interview date</emphasis>: December 16, 2015"
msgstr ""
#. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><blockquote><para>
-#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:6909
+#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:7326
msgid ""
"<emphasis role=\"strong\">Interviewee</emphasis>: David Harris, editor-in-"
"chief"
msgstr ""
#. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para>
-#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:6917
+#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:7334
msgid ""
"OpenStax is an extension of a program called Connexions, which was started "
"in 1999 by Dr. Richard Baraniuk, the Victor E. Cameron Professor of "
msgstr ""
#. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para>
-#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:6929
+#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:7346
msgid ""
"In 2008, while in a senior leadership role at WebAssign and looking at ways "
"to reduce the risk that came with relying on publishers, David Harris began "
msgstr ""
#. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para>
-#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:6940
+#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:7357
msgid ""
"David brought with him a deep understanding of the best practices of "
"publishing along with where publishers have inefficiencies. In David’s view, "
msgstr ""
#. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para><footnote><para>
-#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:6958
+#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:7377
msgid ""
"<ulink url=\"http://news.rice.edu/files/2016/01/0119-"
"OPENSTAX-2016Infographic-lg-1tahxiu.jpg\"/>"
msgstr ""
#. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para>
-#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:6952
+#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:7369
msgid ""
"In 2012, OpenStax College launched as a nonprofit with the aim of producing "
"high-quality, peer-reviewed full-color textbooks that would be available for "
msgstr ""
#. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para>
-#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:6962
+#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:7383
msgid ""
"OpenStax textbooks are all Attribution (CC BY) licensed, and each textbook "
"is available as a PDF, an e-book, or web pages. Those who want a physical "
msgstr ""
#. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para>
-#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:6971
+#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:7392
msgid ""
"Teachers are invited to try out a single chapter from one of the textbooks "
"with students. If that goes well, they’re encouraged to adopt the entire "
msgstr ""
#. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para>
-#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:6979
+#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:7400
msgid ""
"Any teacher can post corrections, suggest examples for difficult concepts, "
"or volunteer as an editor or author. As many teachers also want supplemental "
msgstr ""
#. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para><footnote><para>
-#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:6990
+#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:7413
msgid "<ulink url=\"http://openstax.org/adopters\"/>"
msgstr ""
#. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para>
-#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:6986
+#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:7407
msgid ""
"Institutions can stand out by offering students a lower-cost education "
"through the use of OpenStax textbooks; there’s even a textbook-savings "
msgstr ""
#. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para>
-#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:6993
+#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:7418
msgid ""
"Unlike traditional publishers’ monolithic approach of controlling "
"intellectual property, distribution, and so many other aspects, OpenStax has "
msgstr ""
#. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para>
-#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:6999
+#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:7424
msgid ""
"Up-front funding of a professionally produced all-color turnkey textbook is "
"expensive. For this part of their model, OpenStax relies on philanthropy. "
msgstr ""
#. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para>
-#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:7010
+#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:7435
msgid ""
"However, ongoing operations will not rely on foundation grants but instead "
"on funds received through an ecosystem of over forty partners, whereby a "
msgstr ""
#. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para>
-#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:7020
+#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:7445
msgid ""
"Another example is Odigia, who has turned OpenStax books into interactive "
"learning experiences and created additional tools to measure and promote "
msgstr ""
#. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para>
-#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:7030
+#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:7455
msgid ""
"In David’s view, this approach lets the market operate at peak efficiency. "
"OpenStax’s partners don’t have to worry about developing textbook content, "
msgstr ""
#. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para>
-#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:7042
+#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:7467
msgid ""
"OpenStax’s cost of sales to acquire a single student is very, very low and "
"is a fraction of what traditional players in the market face. This year, "
msgstr ""
#. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para>
-#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:7050
+#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:7475
msgid ""
"While OpenStax books are available online for free, many students still want "
"a print copy. Through a partnership with a print and courier company, "
msgstr ""
#. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para>
-#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:7060
+#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:7485
msgid ""
"Campus-based bookstores are part of the OpenStax solution. OpenStax "
"collaborates with NACSCORP (the National Association of College Stores "
msgstr ""
#. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para>
-#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:7073
+#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:7498
msgid ""
"David thinks of the OpenStax model as <quote>OER 2.0.</quote> So what is OER "
"1.0? Historically in the OER field, many OER initiatives have been locally "
msgstr ""
#. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para>
-#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:7081
+#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:7506
msgid ""
"OER 2.0 is about OER intended to be used and adopted on a national level "
"right from the start. This requires a bigger investment up front but pays "
msgstr ""
#. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para>
-#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:7094
+#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:7519
msgid ""
"The process is similar for both models. First they look at the scope and "
"sequence of existing textbooks. They ask questions like what does the "
msgstr ""
#. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para>
-#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:7112
+#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:7537
msgid ""
"All the people involved in this process are paid. OpenStax does not rely on "
"volunteers. Writers, reviewers, illustrators, and editors are all paid an up-"
msgstr ""
#. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para>
-#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:7122
+#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:7547
msgid ""
"David thinks of the Attribution license (CC BY) as the <quote>innovation "
"license.</quote> It’s core to the mission of OpenStax, letting people use "
msgstr ""
#. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para>
-#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:7132
+#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:7557
msgid ""
"Using CC BY is also a good example of using strategies that traditional "
"publishers can’t. Traditional publishers rely on copyright to prevent others "
msgstr ""
#. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para>
-#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:7142
+#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:7567
msgid ""
"As of September 16, 2016, OpenStax has achieved some impressive results. "
"From the OpenStax at a Glance fact sheet from their recent press kit:"
msgstr ""
#. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><itemizedlist><listitem><para>
-#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:7149
+#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:7574
msgid "Books published: 23"
msgstr ""
#. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><itemizedlist><listitem><para>
-#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:7154
+#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:7579
msgid "Students who have used OpenStax: 1.6 million"
msgstr ""
#. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><itemizedlist><listitem><para>
-#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:7159
+#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:7584
msgid "Money saved for students: $155 million"
msgstr ""
#. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><itemizedlist><listitem><para>
-#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:7164
+#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:7589
msgid "Money saved for students in the 2016/17 academic year: $77 million"
msgstr ""
#. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><itemizedlist><listitem><para>
-#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:7170
+#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:7595
msgid ""
"Schools that have used OpenStax: 2,668 (This number reflects all "
"institutions using at least one OpenStax textbook. Out of 2,668 schools, 517 "
msgstr ""
#. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para>
-#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:7179
+#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:7604
msgid ""
"While OpenStax has to date been focused on the United States, there is "
"overseas adoption especially in the science, technology, engineering, and "
msgstr ""
#. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para>
-#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:7186
+#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:7611
msgid ""
"OpenStax has primarily focused on introductory-level college courses where "
"there is high enrollment, but they are starting to think about verticals—a "
msgstr ""
#. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para>
-#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:7194
+#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:7619
msgid ""
"Finally, for OpenStax success is not just about the adoption of their "
"textbooks and student savings. There is a human aspect to the work that is "
msgstr ""
#. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><title>
-#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:7207
+#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:7633
msgid "Amanda Palmer"
msgstr ""
#. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><blockquote><para>
-#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:7210
+#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:7636
msgid "Amanda Palmer is a musician, artist, and writer. Based in the U.S."
msgstr ""
#. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><blockquote><para>
-#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:7214
+#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:7640
msgid "<ulink url=\"http://amandapalmer.net\"/>"
msgstr ""
#. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><blockquote><para>
-#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:7216
+#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:7643
msgid ""
"<emphasis role=\"strong\">Revenue model</emphasis>: crowdfunding "
"(subscription-based), pay-what-you-want, charging for physical copies (book "
msgstr ""
#. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><blockquote><para>
-#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:7221
+#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:7649
msgid "<emphasis role=\"strong\">Interview date</emphasis>: December 15, 2015"
msgstr ""
#. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para><footnote><para>
-#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:7232
+#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:7662
msgid ""
"<ulink url=\"http://www.forbes.com/sites/zackomalleygreenburg/2015/04/16/"
"amanda-palmer-uncut-the-kickstarter-queen-on-spotify-patreon-and-taylor-"
msgstr ""
#. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para>
-#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:7229
+#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:7657
msgid ""
"Since the beginning of her career, Amanda Palmer has been on what she calls "
"a <quote>journey with no roadmap,</quote> continually experimenting to find "
msgstr ""
#. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para>
-#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:7235
+#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:7667
msgid ""
"In her best-selling book, The Art of Asking, Amanda articulates exactly what "
"she has been and continues to strive for—<quote>the ideal sweet spot . . . "
msgstr ""
#. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para>
-#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:7242
+#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:7674
msgid ""
"While she seems to have successfully found that sweet spot for herself, "
"Amanda is the first to acknowledge there is no silver bullet. She thinks the "
msgstr ""
#. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para>
-#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:7251
+#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:7683
msgid ""
"Amanda began her artistic career as a street performer. She would dress up "
"in an antique wedding gown, paint her face white, stand on a stack of milk "
msgstr ""
#. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para>
-#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:7265
+#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:7697
msgid ""
"Amanda has come a long way from her street-performing days, but her career "
"remains dominated by that same sentiment—finding ways to reach <quote>her "
msgstr ""
#. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para>
-#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:7276
+#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:7708
msgid ""
"After leaving the record label in 2008, she began experimenting with "
"different ways to make a living. She released music directly to the public "
msgstr ""
#. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para>
-#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:7288
+#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:7720
msgid ""
"Today, Amanda has switched gears away from crowdfunding for specific "
"projects to instead getting consistent financial support from her fan base "
msgstr ""
#. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para>
-#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:7300
+#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:7732
msgid ""
"Making her music and art available under Creative Commons licensing "
"undoubtedly limits her options for how she makes a living. But sharing her "
msgstr ""
#. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para>
-#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:7318
+#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:7750
msgid ""
"Amanda embraces the way her fans share and build upon her music. In The Art "
"of Asking, she wrote that some of her fans’ unofficial videos using her "
msgstr ""
#. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para>
-#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:7326
+#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:7758
msgid ""
"This is symbolic of how nearly everything she does in her career is "
"motivated by a desire to connect with her fans. At the start of her career, "
msgstr ""
#. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para>
-#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:7336
+#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:7768
msgid ""
"Even though her fan base is now huge and global, she continues to seek this "
"sort of human connection with her fans. She seeks out face-to-face contact "
msgstr ""
#. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para>
-#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:7348
+#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:7780
msgid ""
"Another part of the connection fans feel with Amanda is how much they know "
"about her life. Rather than trying to craft a public persona or image, she "
msgstr ""
#. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para>
-#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:7357
+#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:7790
msgid ""
"<quote>With social media, we’re so concerned with the picture looking "
"palatable and consumable that we forget that being human and showing the "
msgstr ""
#. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para>
-#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:7366
+#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:7799
msgid ""
"Not only does she disclose intimate details of her life to them, she sleeps "
"on their couches, listens to their stories, cries with them. In short, she "
msgstr ""
#. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para>
-#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:7376
+#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:7809
msgid ""
"After years of investing time and energy into building trust with her fans, "
"she has a strong enough relationship with them to ask for support—through "
msgstr ""
#. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para>
-#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:7385
+#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:7819
msgid ""
"<quote>When you openly, radically trust people, they not only take care of "
"you, they become your allies, your family,</quote> she wrote. There really "
msgstr ""
#. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para>
-#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:7393
+#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:7827
msgid ""
"This sort of intimacy with fans is not possible or even desirable for every "
"creator. <quote>I don’t take for granted that I happen to be the type of "
msgstr ""
#. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para>
-#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:7403
+#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:7837
msgid ""
"Yet while Amanda joyfully interacts with her fans and involves them in her "
"work as much as possible, she does keep one job primarily to herself—writing "
msgstr ""
#. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para>
-#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:7416
+#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:7850
msgid ""
"For Amanda, the entire point of being an artist is to establish and maintain "
"this connection. <quote>It sounds so corny,</quote> she said, <quote>but my "
msgstr ""
#. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para>
-#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:7426
+#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:7860
msgid ""
"As she explains it, when a fan gives her a ten-dollar bill, usually what "
"they are saying is that the money symbolizes some deeper value the music "
msgstr ""
#. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><title>
-#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:7437
+#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:7872
msgid "PLOS (Public Library of Science)"
msgstr ""
#. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><blockquote><para>
-#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:7440
+#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:7875
msgid ""
"PLOS (Public Library of Science) is a nonprofit that publishes a library of "
"academic journals and other scientific literature. Founded in 2000 in the U."
msgstr ""
#. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><blockquote><para>
-#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:7445
+#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:7880
msgid "<ulink url=\"http://plos.org\"/>"
msgstr ""
#. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><blockquote><para>
-#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:7447
+#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:7883
msgid ""
"<emphasis role=\"strong\">Revenue model</emphasis>: charging content "
"creators an author processing charge to be featured in the journal"
msgstr ""
#. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><blockquote><para>
-#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:7451
+#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:7888
msgid "<emphasis role=\"strong\">Interview date</emphasis>: March 7, 2016"
msgstr ""
#. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><blockquote><para>
-#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:7453
+#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:7891
msgid ""
"<emphasis role=\"strong\">Interviewee</emphasis>: Louise Page, publisher"
msgstr ""
#. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para>
-#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:7461
+#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:7899
msgid ""
"The Public Library of Science (PLOS) began in 2000 when three leading "
"scientists—Harold E. Varmus, Patrick O. Brown, and Michael Eisen—started an "
msgstr ""
#. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para>
-#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:7475
+#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:7913
msgid ""
"Traditionally, academic publishing begins with an author submitting a "
"manuscript to a publisher. After in-house technical and ethical "
msgstr ""
#. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para>
-#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:7486
+#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:7924
msgid ""
"For Louise Page, the current publisher of PLOS, this traditional model "
"results in inequity. Access is restricted to those who can pay. Most "
msgstr ""
#. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para>
-#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:7498
+#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:7936
msgid ""
"That new model became known as open access. That is, free and open "
"availability on the Internet. Open-access research articles are not behind a "
msgstr ""
#. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para>
-#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:7510
+#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:7948
msgid ""
"However, open access requires rethinking the business model of research "
"publication. Rather than charge a subscription fee to access the journal, "
msgstr ""
#. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para>
-#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:7522
+#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:7960
msgid ""
"Calculating the article-processing charge involves taking all the costs "
"associated with publishing the journal and determining a cost per article "
msgstr ""
#. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para>
-#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:7531
+#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:7969
msgid ""
"PLOS believes that lack of funds should not be a barrier to publication. "
"Since its inception, PLOS has provided fee support for individuals and "
msgstr ""
#. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para>
-#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:7537
+#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:7975
msgid ""
"Louise identifies marketing as one area of big difference between PLOS and "
"traditional journal publishers. Traditional journals have to invest heavily "
msgstr ""
#. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para>
-#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:7554
+#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:7992
msgid ""
"For Louise, PLOS would not exist without the Attribution license (CC BY). "
"This makes it very clear what rights are associated with the content and "
msgstr ""
#. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para>
-#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:7562
+#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:8000
msgid ""
"PLOS also has a broad open-data policy. To get their research paper "
"published, PLOS authors must also make their data available in a public "
msgstr ""
#. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para>
-#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:7567
+#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:8005
msgid ""
"Business-operation costs associated with the open-access model still largely "
"follow the existing publishing model. PLOS journals are online only, but the "
msgstr ""
#. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para>
-#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:7576
+#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:8014
msgid ""
"Researchers are influenced by journal rankings, which reflect the place of a "
"journal within its field, the relative difficulty of being published in that "
msgstr ""
#. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para>
-#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:7582
+#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:8020
msgid ""
"The promotion and tenure of researchers are partially based how many times "
"other researchers cite their articles. Louise says when researchers want to "
msgstr ""
#. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para>
-#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:7591
+#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:8029
msgid ""
"Louise believes that open access has been a huge success, progressing from a "
"movement led by a small cadre of researchers to something that is now "
msgstr ""
#. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para>
-#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:7599
+#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:8037
msgid ""
"PLOS further disrupted the traditional journal-publishing model by "
"pioneering the concept of a megajournal. The PLOS ONE megajournal, launched "
msgstr ""
#. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para>
-#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:7623
+#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:8061
msgid ""
"Louise outlined some other aspects of the research-journal business model "
"PLOS is experimenting with, describing each as a kind of slider that could "
msgstr ""
#. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para>
-#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:7628
+#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:8066
msgid ""
"One slider is time to publication. Time to publication may shorten as "
"journals get better at providing quicker decisions to authors. However, "
msgstr ""
#. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para>
-#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:7635
+#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:8073
msgid ""
"Peer review is another part of the process that could change. It’s possible "
"to redefine what peer review actually is, when to review, and what "
msgstr ""
#. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para>
-#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:7647
+#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:8085
msgid ""
"Louise says research with negative outcomes is almost as important as "
"positive results. If journals published more research with negative "
msgstr ""
#. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para>
-#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:7654
+#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:8092
msgid ""
"Another adjustable practice is the sharing of articles at early preprint "
"stages. Publication of research in a peer-reviewed journal can take a long "
msgstr ""
#. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para>
-#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:7672
+#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:8110
msgid ""
"What constitutes a journal article could also change. The idea of a research "
"article as printed, bound, and in a library stack is outdated. Digital and "
msgstr ""
#. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para><footnote><para>
-#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:7686
+#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:8126
msgid "<ulink url=\"http://collections.plos.org\"/>"
msgstr ""
#. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para><footnote><para>
-#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:7690
+#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:8134
msgid "<ulink url=\"http://plos.org/article-level-metrics\"/>"
msgstr ""
#. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para>
-#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:7682
+#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:8120
msgid ""
"As journals scale up, and new journals are introduced, more and more "
"information is being pushed out to readers, making the experience feel like "
msgstr ""
#. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para>
-#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:7695
+#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:8141
msgid ""
"The big picture for PLOS going forward is to combine and adjust these "
"experimental practices in ways that continue to improve accessibility and "
msgstr ""
#. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para>
-#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:7705
+#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:8151
msgid ""
"For PLOS, success is not about revenue. Success is about proving that "
"scientific research can be communicated rapidly and economically at scale, "
msgstr ""
#. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para>
-#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:7715
+#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:8161
msgid ""
"Ultimately, for PLOS, its authors, and its readers, success is about making "
"research discoverable, available, and reproducible for the advancement of "
msgstr ""
#. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><title>
-#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:7721
+#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:8168
msgid "Rijksmuseum"
msgstr ""
#. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><blockquote><para>
-#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:7724
+#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:8171
msgid ""
"The Rijksmuseum is a Dutch national museum dedicated to art and history. "
"Founded in 1800 in the Netherlands"
msgstr ""
#. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><blockquote><para>
-#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:7728
+#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:8175
msgid "<ulink url=\"http://www.rijksmuseum.nl\"/>"
msgstr ""
#. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><blockquote><para>
-#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:7730
+#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:8178
msgid ""
"<emphasis role=\"strong\">Revenue model</emphasis>: grants and government "
"funding, charging for in-person version (museum admission), selling "
msgstr ""
#. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><blockquote><para>
-#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:7734
+#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:8183
msgid "<emphasis role=\"strong\">Interview date</emphasis>: December 11, 2015"
msgstr ""
#. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><blockquote><para>
-#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:7737
+#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:8187
msgid ""
"<emphasis role=\"strong\">Interviewee</emphasis>: Lizzy Jongma, the data "
"manager of the collections information department"
msgstr ""
#. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para>
-#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:7745
+#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:8195
msgid ""
"The Rijksmuseum, a national museum in the Netherlands dedicated to art and "
"history, has been housed in its current building since 1885. The monumental "
msgstr ""
#. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para>
-#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:7761
+#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:8211
msgid ""
"By the time Lizzy Jongma joined the Rijksmuseum in 2011 as a data manager, "
"staff were fed up with the situation the museum was in. They also realized "
msgstr ""
#. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para>
-#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:7775
+#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:8225
msgid ""
"It was effective but a bit boring. It was just data. A hackathon they were "
"invited to got them to start talking about events like that as having "
msgstr ""
#. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para><footnote><para>
-#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:7786
+#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:8238
msgid "<ulink url=\"http://www.europeana.eu/portal/en\"/>"
msgstr ""
#. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para>
-#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:7784
+#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:8234
msgid ""
"Then, Lizzy says, Europeana came along. Europeana is Europe’s digital "
"library, museum, and archive for cultural heritage.<placeholder type="
msgstr ""
#. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para>
-#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:7798
+#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:8252
msgid ""
"They realized that they don’t <quote>own</quote> the collection and couldn’t "
"realistically monitor and enforce compliance with the restrictive licensing "
msgstr ""
#. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para>
-#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:7811
+#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:8265
msgid ""
"In 2011 the Rijksmuseum began making their digital photos of works known to "
"be free of copyright available online, using Creative Commons CC0 to place "
msgstr ""
#. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para>
-#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:7825
+#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:8279
msgid ""
"In 2013 the Rijksmuseum changed its business model. They Creative Commons "
"licensed their highest-quality images and released them online for free. "
msgstr ""
#. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para>
-#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:7836
+#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:8290
msgid ""
"Releasing these high-quality images for free reduced the number of poor-"
"quality images that were proliferating. The high-quality image of Vermeer’s "
msgstr ""
#. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para>
-#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:7851
+#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:8305
msgid ""
"Every museum tends to be driven by the number of physical visitors. The "
"Rijksmuseum is primarily publicly funded, receiving roughly 70 percent of "
msgstr ""
#. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para>
-#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:7859
+#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:8313
msgid ""
"As museums create a digital presence for themselves and put up digital "
"representations of their collection online, there’s frequently a worry that "
msgstr ""
#. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para><footnote><para>
-#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:7879
+#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:8335
msgid "<ulink url=\"http://www.rijksmuseum.nl/en/rijksstudio\"/>"
msgstr ""
#. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para>
-#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:7873
+#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:8327
msgid ""
"In 2011 the Rijksmuseum received €1 million from the Dutch lottery to create "
"a new web presence that would be different from any other museum’s. In "
msgstr ""
#. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para>
-#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:7882
+#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:8340
msgid ""
"The Rijksstudio gives users access to over two hundred thousand high-quality "
"digital representations of masterworks from the collection. Users can zoom "
msgstr ""
#. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para>
-#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:7893
+#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:8351
msgid ""
"Users have created over 276,000 Rijksstudios, generating their own themed "
"virtual exhibitions on a wide variety of topics ranging from tapestries to "
msgstr ""
#. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para>
-#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:7900
+#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:8358
msgid ""
"Some contemporary artists who have works in the Rijksmuseum collection "
"contacted them to ask why their works were not included in the Rijksstudio. "
msgstr ""
#. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para><footnote><para>
-#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:7920
+#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:8380
msgid ""
"<ulink url=\"http://www.etsy.com/ca/listing/175696771/fringe-kimono-silk-"
"kimono-kimono-robe\"/>"
msgstr ""
#. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para>
-#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:7911
+#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:8369
msgid ""
"The Rijksmuseum believes that art stimulates entrepreneurial activity. The "
"line between creative and commercial can be blurry. As Lizzy says, even "
msgstr ""
#. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para><footnote><para>
-#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:7924
+#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:8388
msgid ""
"<ulink url=\"http://www.rijksmuseum.nl/en/rijksstudio-award\"/>; the 2014 "
"award: <ulink url=\"http://www.rijksmuseum.nl/en/rijksstudio-award-2014\"/>; "
msgstr ""
#. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para><footnote><para>
-#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:7936
+#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:8404
msgid ""
"<ulink url=\"http://www.rijksmuseum.nl/nl/rijksstudio/142328--nominees-"
"rijksstudio-award/creaties/ba595afe-452d-46bd-9c8c-48dcbdd7f0a4\"/>"
msgstr ""
#. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para>
-#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:7923
+#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:8385
msgid ""
"In 2013 the Rijksmuseum organized their first high-profile design "
"competition, known as the Rijksstudio Award.<placeholder type=\"footnote\" "
msgstr ""
#. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para>
-#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:7942
+#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:8412
msgid ""
"For the next iteration of the Rijksstudio, the Rijksmuseum is considering an "
"upload tool, for people to upload their own works of art, and enhanced "
msgstr ""
#. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para>
-#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:7948
+#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:8418
msgid ""
"Going with a more open business model generated lots of publicity for the "
"Rijksmuseum. They were one of the first museums to open up their collection "
msgstr ""
#. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para>
-#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:7957
+#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:8427
msgid ""
"The Rijksmuseum has been experimenting with other ways to invite the public "
"to look at and interact with their collection. On an international day "
msgstr ""
#. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para>
-#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:7970
+#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:8440
msgid ""
"For the Rijksmuseum, adopting an open business model was scary. They came "
"up with many worst-case scenarios, imagining all kinds of awful things "
msgstr ""
#. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><title>
-#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:7990
+#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:8461
msgid "Shareable"
msgstr ""
#. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><blockquote><para>
-#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:7993
+#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:8464
msgid ""
"Shareable is an online magazine about sharing. Founded in 2009 in the U.S."
msgstr ""
#. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><blockquote><para>
-#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:7997
+#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:8468
msgid "<ulink url=\"http://www.shareable.net\"/>"
msgstr ""
#. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><blockquote><para>
-#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:7999
+#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:8471
msgid ""
"<emphasis role=\"strong\">Revenue model</emphasis>: grant funding, "
"crowdfunding (project-based), donations, sponsorships"
msgstr ""
#. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><blockquote><para>
-#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:8002
+#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:8475
msgid "<emphasis role=\"strong\">Interview date</emphasis>: February 24, 2016"
msgstr ""
#. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><blockquote><para>
-#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:8005
+#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:8479
msgid ""
"<emphasis role=\"strong\">Interviewee</emphasis>: Neal Gorenflo, cofounder "
"and executive editor"
msgstr ""
#. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para>
-#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:8013
+#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:8487
msgid ""
"In 2013, Shareable faced an impasse. The nonprofit online publication had "
"helped start a sharing movement four years prior, but over time, they "
msgstr ""
#. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para>
-#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:8024
+#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:8498
msgid ""
"As an organization, Shareable decided to draw a line in the sand. In 2013, "
"the cofounder and executive editor Neal Gorenflo wrote an opinion piece in "
msgstr ""
#. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para>
-#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:8036
+#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:8510
msgid ""
"Neal said their public critique of the corporate sharing economy defined "
"what Shareable was and is. He does not think the magazine would still be "
msgstr ""
#. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para>
-#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:8046
+#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:8520
msgid ""
"Interestingly, impassioned supporters are only a small sliver of Shareable’s "
"total audience. Most are casual readers who come across a Shareable story "
msgstr ""
#. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para>
-#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:8057
+#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:8531
msgid ""
"Shareable is a magazine, but the content they publish is a means to "
"furthering their role as a leader and catalyst of a movement. Shareable "
msgstr ""
#. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para>
-#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:8069
+#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:8543
msgid ""
"They have worked hard to find ways to tell stories that show different "
"metrics for success. <quote>We wanted to change the notion of what "
msgstr ""
#. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para>
-#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:8081
+#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:8555
msgid ""
"More than half of Shareable’s stories are written by paid journalists that "
"are contracted by the magazine. <quote>Particularly in content areas that "
msgstr ""
#. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para>
-#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:8096
+#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:8570
msgid ""
"All of Shareable’s original content is published under the Attribution "
"license (CC BY), meaning it can be used for any purpose as long as credit is "
msgstr ""
#. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para>
-#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:8111
+#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:8585
msgid ""
"In addition to their regular news and commentary online, Shareable has also "
"experimented with book publishing. In 2012, they worked with a traditional "
msgstr ""
#. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para>
-#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:8121
+#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:8595
msgid ""
"In 2016, Shareable self-published a book of curated Shareable stories called "
"How to: Share, Save Money and Have Fun. The book was available for sale, but "
msgstr ""
#. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para>
-#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:8128
+#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:8602
msgid ""
"This recent book is one of many fund-raising experiments Shareable has "
"conducted in recent years. Currently, Shareable is primarily funded by "
msgstr ""
#. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para>
-#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:8138
+#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:8612
msgid ""
"For Shareable, success is very much about their impact on the world. This is "
"true for Neal, but also for everyone who works for Shareable. <quote>We "
msgstr ""
#. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para>
-#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:8151
+#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:8625
msgid ""
"In 2013, Shareable ran its first crowdfunding campaign to launch their "
"Sharing Cities Network. Neal said at first they were on pace to fail "
msgstr ""
#. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para>
-#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:8161
+#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:8635
msgid ""
"For Neal, this symbolized how so much of success comes down to "
"relationships. Over time, Shareable has invested time and energy into the "
msgstr ""
#. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para>
-#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:8168
+#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:8642
msgid ""
"Shareable began hosting events in 2010. These events were designed to bring "
"the sharing community together. But over time they realized they could reach "
msgstr ""
#. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para>
-#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:8185
+#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:8659
msgid ""
"Neal says Shareable stumbled upon this strategy, but it seems to perfectly "
"encapsulate just how the commons is supposed to work. Rather than a one-"
msgstr ""
#. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><title>
-#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:8193
+#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:8667
msgid "Siyavula"
msgstr ""
#. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><blockquote><para>
-#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:8196
+#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:8670
msgid ""
"Siyavula is a for-profit educational-technology company that creates "
"textbooks and integrated learning experiences. Founded in 2012 in South "
msgstr ""
#. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><blockquote><para>
-#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:8201
+#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:8675
msgid "<ulink url=\"http://www.siyavula.com\"/>"
msgstr ""
#. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><blockquote><para>
-#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:8203
+#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:8678
msgid ""
"<emphasis role=\"strong\">Revenue model</emphasis>: charging for custom "
"services, sponsorships"
msgstr ""
#. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><blockquote><para>
-#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:8206
+#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:8682
msgid "<emphasis role=\"strong\">Interview date</emphasis>: April 5, 2016"
msgstr ""
#. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><blockquote><para>
-#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:8208
+#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:8685
msgid "<emphasis role=\"strong\">Interviewee</emphasis>: Mark Horner, CEO"
msgstr ""
#. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para>
-#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:8215
+#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:8692
msgid ""
"Openness is a key principle for Siyavula. They believe that every learner "
"and teacher should have access to high-quality educational resources, as "
msgstr ""
#. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para>
-#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:8223
+#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:8700
msgid ""
"In terms of creating an open business model that involves Creative Commons, "
"Siyavula—and its founder, Mark Horner—have been around the block a few "
msgstr ""
#. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para>
-#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:8230
+#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:8707
msgid ""
"It all started in 2002, when Mark and several other colleagues at the "
"University of Cape Town in South Africa founded the Free High School Science "
msgstr ""
#. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para><footnote><para>
-#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:8241
+#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:8720
msgid "<ulink url=\"http://www.gnu.org/licenses/fdl\"/>"
msgstr ""
#. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para>
-#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:8238
+#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:8715
msgid ""
"As physicists, Mark and his colleagues were advocates of open-source "
"software. To make the books open and free, they adopted the Free Software "
msgstr ""
#. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para>
-#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:8247
+#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:8728
msgid ""
"In 2007, the Shuttleworth Foundation offered funding support to make the "
"textbooks available for trial use at more schools. Surveys before and after "
msgstr ""
#. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para>
-#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:8255
+#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:8736
msgid ""
"But the development of new textbooks froze at this stage. Mark shifted his "
"focus to rural schools, which didn’t have textbooks at all, and looked into "
msgstr ""
#. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para><footnote><para>
-#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:8265
+#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:8748
msgid "<ulink url=\"http://www.capetowndeclaration.org\"/>"
msgstr ""
#. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para>
-#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:8261
+#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:8742
msgid ""
"In 2007, Shuttleworth and the Open Society Institute convened a group of "
"open-education activists for a small but lively meeting in Cape Town. One "
msgstr ""
#. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para>
-#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:8270
+#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:8755
msgid ""
"They wrote six original textbooks. A small publishing company offered "
"Shuttleworth the option to buy out the publisher’s existing K–9 content for "
msgstr ""
#. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para>
-#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:8278
+#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:8763
msgid ""
"Mark wanted to build out the remaining curricula collaboratively through "
"communities of practice—that is, with fellow educators and writers. Although "
msgstr ""
#. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para><footnote><para>
-#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:8297
+#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:8784
msgid "<ulink url=\"http://cnx.org\"/>"
msgstr ""
#. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para>
-#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:8293
+#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:8778
msgid ""
"Not only did Mark want the resources to be shareable, he wanted all teachers "
"to be able to remix and edit the content. Mark and his team had to come up "
msgstr ""
#. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para>
-#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:8301
+#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:8790
msgid ""
"Then the Shuttleworth Foundation decided to completely restructure its work "
"as a foundation into a fellowship model (for reasons completely unrelated to "
msgstr ""
#. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para>
-#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:8308
+#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:8797
msgid ""
"Mark and his team experimented with several different strategies. They "
"tried creating an authoring and hosting platform called Full Marks so that "
msgstr ""
#. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para>
-#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:8316
+#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:8805
msgid ""
"Then the South African government approached Siyavula with an interest in "
"printing out the original six Free High School Science Texts (math and "
msgstr ""
#. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para>
-#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:8324
+#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:8813
msgid ""
"They began to conceive of the six books as having massive marketing "
"potential for Siyavula. Printing Siyavula books for every kid in South "
msgstr ""
#. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para>
-#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:8333
+#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:8822
msgid ""
"Mark and his team began imagining what they could develop beyond what was in "
"the textbooks as a service they charge for. One key thing you can’t do well "
msgstr ""
#. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para>
-#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:8346
+#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:8835
msgid ""
"The costs for using Intelligent Practice were set very low, making it "
"accessible even to those with limited financial means. Siyavula was going "
msgstr ""
#. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para>
-#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:8352
+#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:8841
msgid ""
"The government distributed the books to 1.5 million students, but there was "
"an unexpected wrinkle: the books were delivered late. Rather than wait, "
msgstr ""
#. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para>
-#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:8361
+#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:8850
msgid ""
"Siyavula’s site did see a dramatic increase in traffic. They got five "
"hundred thousand visitors per month to their math site and the same number "
msgstr ""
#. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para>
-#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:8370
+#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:8859
msgid ""
"At first, the Intelligent Practice services could only be paid using a "
"credit card. This proved problematic, especially for those in the low-income "
msgstr ""
#. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para>
-#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:8379
+#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:8868
msgid ""
"Mark describes this as the first version of Siyavula’s business model: open "
"textbooks serving as marketing material and driving traffic to your site, "
msgstr ""
#. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para>
-#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:8385
+#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:8874
msgid ""
"For Mark a key decision for Siyavula’s business was to focus on how they can "
"add value on top of their basic service. They’ll charge only if they are "
msgstr ""
#. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para>
-#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:8394
+#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:8883
msgid ""
"Version two of Siyavula’s business model was a big, ambitious idea—scale up. "
"They also decided to sell the Intelligent Practice service to schools "
msgstr ""
#. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para>
-#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:8405
+#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:8894
msgid ""
"Teachers get a dashboard that allows them to monitor the progress of an "
"entire class or view an individual learner’s results. They can see the "
msgstr ""
#. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para>
-#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:8414
+#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:8903
msgid ""
"Based on the success of this effort, Siyavula decided to substantially "
"increase the production of open educational resources so they could provide "
msgstr ""
#. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para><footnote><para>
-#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:8425
+#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:8916
msgid "<ulink url=\"http://www.siyavula.com/products-primary-school.html\"/>"
msgstr ""
#. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para>
-#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:8422
+#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:8911
msgid ""
"In partnership with, and sponsored by, the Sasol Inzalo Foundation, Siyavula "
"produced a series of natural sciences and technology workbooks for grades 4 "
msgstr ""
#. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para>
-#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:8429
+#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:8922
msgid ""
"Through this experience, Siyavula learned they could get sponsors to help "
"fund openly licensed textbooks. It helped that Siyavula had by this time "
msgstr ""
#. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para>
-#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:8439
+#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:8932
msgid ""
"The Siyavula books that are reviewed, approved, and branded by the "
"government are freely and openly available on Siyavula’s website under an "
msgstr ""
#. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para>
-#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:8447
+#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:8940
msgid ""
"Although the South African government paid to print and distribute hard "
"copies of the books to schoolkids, Siyavula itself received no funding from "
msgstr ""
#. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para>
-#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:8458
+#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:8951
msgid ""
"Using Siyavula books generated huge savings for the government. Providing "
"students with a traditionally published grade 12 science or math textbook "
msgstr ""
#. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para>
-#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:8468
+#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:8961
msgid ""
"Just as Siyavula was planning to scale up the production of open textbooks "
"even more, the South African government changed its textbook policy. To save "
msgstr ""
#. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para>
-#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:8476
+#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:8969
msgid ""
"Rather than producing more textbooks, Siyavula focused on improving its "
"Intelligent Practice technology for its existing books. Mark calls this "
msgstr ""
#. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para>
-#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:8487
+#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:8980
msgid ""
"Mark says sales are way up, and they are really nailing Intelligent "
"Practice. Schools continue to use their open textbooks. The government-"
msgstr ""
#. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para>
-#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:8494
+#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:8987
msgid ""
"Siyavula is exploring a range of enhancements to their business model. These "
"include charging a small amount for assessment services provided over the "
msgstr ""
#. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para>
-#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:8502
+#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:8995
msgid ""
"Siyavula is a for-profit business but one with a social mission. Their "
"shareholders’ agreement lists lots of requirements around openness for "
msgstr ""
#. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><title>
-#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:8518
+#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:9012
msgid "SparkFun"
msgstr ""
#. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><blockquote><para>
-#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:8521
+#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:9015
msgid ""
"SparkFun is an online electronics retailer specializing in open hardware. "
"Founded in 2003 in the U.S."
msgstr ""
#. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><blockquote><para>
-#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:8525
+#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:9019
msgid "<ulink url=\"http://www.sparkfun.com\"/>"
msgstr ""
#. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><blockquote><para>
-#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:8527
+#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:9022
msgid ""
"<emphasis role=\"strong\">Revenue model</emphasis>: charging for physical "
"copies (electronics sales)"
msgstr ""
#. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><blockquote><para>
-#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:8530
+#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:9026
msgid "<emphasis role=\"strong\">Interview date</emphasis>: February 29, 2016"
msgstr ""
#. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><blockquote><para>
-#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:8533
+#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:9030
msgid ""
"<emphasis role=\"strong\">Interviewee</emphasis>: Nathan Seidle, founder"
msgstr ""
#. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para>
-#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:8541
+#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:9038
msgid ""
"SparkFun founder and former CEO Nathan Seidle has a picture of himself "
"holding up a clone of a SparkFun product in an electronics market in China, "
msgstr ""
#. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para>
-#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:8547
+#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:9045
msgid ""
"<quote>Being copied is the greatest earmark of flattery and success,</quote> "
"Nathan said. <quote>I thought it was so cool that they were selling to a "
msgstr ""
#. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para>
-#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:8553
+#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:9051
msgid ""
"This worldview runs through everything SparkFun does. SparkFun is an "
"electronics manufacturer. The company sells its products directly to the "
msgstr ""
#. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para>
-#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:8562
+#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:9060
msgid ""
"Nathan believes open licensing is good for the world. <quote>It touches on "
"our natural human instinct to share,</quote> he said. But he also strongly "
msgstr ""
#. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para>
-#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:8571
+#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:9070
msgid ""
"<quote>We compete on business principles,</quote> Nathan said. "
"<quote>Claiming your territory with intellectual property allows you to get "
msgstr ""
#. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para>
-#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:8577
+#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:9076
msgid ""
"The result is an intense company-wide focus on product development and "
"improvement. <quote>Our products are so much better than they were five "
msgstr ""
#. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para>
-#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:8587
+#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:9086
msgid ""
"SparkFun parts are available on eBay for lower prices. But people come "
"directly to SparkFun because SparkFun makes their lives easier. The example "
msgstr ""
#. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para>
-#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:8597
+#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:9096
msgid ""
"SparkFun’s company history began in Nathan’s college dorm room. He spent a "
"lot of time experimenting with and building electronics, and he realized "
msgstr ""
#. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para>
-#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:8609
+#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:9108
msgid ""
"Once he started designing his own products, he began putting the software "
"and schematics online to help with technical support. After doing some "
msgstr ""
#. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para>
-#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:8618
+#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:9117
msgid ""
"The company has grown from a solo project to a corporation with 140 "
"employees. In 2015, SparkFun earned $33 million in revenue. Selling "
msgstr ""
#. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para>
-#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:8627
+#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:9126
msgid ""
"SparkFun also has an educational department dedicated to creating a hands-on "
"curriculum to teach students about electronics using prototyping parts. "
msgstr ""
#. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para>
-#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:8634
+#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:9134
msgid ""
"<quote>We have the burden and opportunity to educate the next generation of "
"technical citizens,</quote> Nathan said. <quote>Our goal is to affect the "
msgstr ""
#. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para>
-#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:8640
+#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:9140
msgid ""
"The Creative Commons license underlying all of SparkFun’s products is "
"central to this mission. The license not only signals a willingness to "
msgstr ""
#. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para>
-#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:8651
+#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:9151
msgid ""
"From the beginning, Nathan has tried to create a work environment at "
"SparkFun that he himself would want to work in. The result is what appears "
msgstr ""
#. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para>
-#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:8662
+#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:9162
msgid ""
"The public event, called the Autonomous Vehicle Competition, brings in a "
"thousand to two thousand customers and other technology enthusiasts from "
msgstr ""
#. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para>
-#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:8676
+#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:9176
msgid ""
"Nathan has worked hard to imbue a deeper meaning into the work SparkFun "
"does. The company is, of course, focused on being fiscally responsible, but "
msgstr ""
#. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para>
-#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:8686
+#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:9186
msgid ""
"The company is committed to transparency and shares all of its financials "
"with its employees. They also generally strive to avoid being another "
msgstr ""
#. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para>
-#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:8693
+#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:9193
msgid ""
"SparkFun’s customer base is largely made up of industrious electronics "
"enthusiasts. They have customers who are regularly involved in the company’s "
msgstr ""
#. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para>
-#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:8705
+#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:9205
msgid ""
"However, this sort of customer engagement does not always translate to "
"people actively contributing to SparkFun’s projects. The company has a "
msgstr ""
#. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para>
-#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:8716
+#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:9216
msgid ""
"Rather than focusing on cocreation with their customers, SparkFun instead "
"focuses on enabling people to copy, tinker, and improve products on their "
msgstr ""
#. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para>
-#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:8726
+#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:9226
msgid ""
"Obviously, opening up the design of their products is a necessary step if "
"their goal is to empower the public. Nathan also firmly believes it makes "
msgstr ""
#. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><title>
-#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:8740
+#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:9240
msgid "TeachAIDS"
msgstr ""
#. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><blockquote><para>
-#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:8743
+#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:9243
msgid ""
"TeachAIDS is a nonprofit that creates educational materials designed to "
"teach people around the world about HIV and AIDS. Founded in 2005 in the U."
msgstr ""
#. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><blockquote><para>
-#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:8748
+#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:9248
msgid "<ulink url=\"http://teachaids.org\"/>"
msgstr ""
#. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><blockquote><para>
-#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:8750
+#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:9251
msgid "<emphasis role=\"strong\">Revenue model</emphasis>: sponsorships"
msgstr ""
#. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><blockquote><para>
-#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:8752
+#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:9254
msgid "<emphasis role=\"strong\">Interview date</emphasis>: March 24, 2016"
msgstr ""
#. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><blockquote><para>
-#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:8755
+#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:9258
msgid ""
"<emphasis role=\"strong\">Interviewees</emphasis>: Piya Sorcar, the CEO, and "
"Shuman Ghosemajumder, the chair"
msgstr ""
#. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para>
-#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:8763
+#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:9266
msgid ""
"TeachAIDS is an unconventional media company with a conventional revenue "
"model. Like most media companies, they are subsidized by advertising. "
msgstr ""
#. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para>
-#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:8769
+#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:9272
msgid ""
"But unlike most media companies, Teach-AIDS is a nonprofit organization with "
"a purely social mission. TeachAIDS is dedicated to educating the global "
msgstr ""
#. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para>
-#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:8782
+#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:9285
msgid ""
"TeachAIDS is a labor of love for founder and CEO Piya Sorcar, who earns a "
"salary of one dollar per year from the nonprofit. The project grew out of "
msgstr ""
#. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para>
-#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:8802
+#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:9305
msgid ""
"In late 2005, Piya and her team used research-based design to create new "
"educational materials and worked with local partners in India to help "
msgstr ""
#. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para>
-#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:8814
+#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:9317
msgid ""
"Very shortly after the initial release, Piya’s team decided to spin the "
"endeavor into an independent nonprofit out of Stanford University. They also "
msgstr ""
#. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para>
-#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:8820
+#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:9323
msgid ""
"Given their educational mission, TeachAIDS had an obvious interest in seeing "
"the materials as widely shared as possible. But they also needed to preserve "
msgstr ""
#. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para>
-#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:8836
+#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:9339
msgid ""
"Choosing a license that does not allow adaptation of the content was an "
"outgrowth of the careful precision with which TeachAIDS crafts their "
msgstr ""
#. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para>
-#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:8845
+#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:9348
msgid ""
"One important finding was that people accept the message best when it comes "
"from familiar voices they trust and admire. To achieve this, TeachAIDS "
msgstr ""
#. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para>
-#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:8854
+#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:9357
msgid ""
"Localization is probably the single-most important aspect of the way "
"TeachAIDS creates its content. While each regional version builds from the "
msgstr ""
#. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para>
-#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:8869
+#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:9372
msgid ""
"The localization process relies heavily on volunteers. Their volunteer base "
"is deeply committed to the cause, and the organization has had better luck "
msgstr ""
#. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para>
-#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:8885
+#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:9388
msgid ""
"TeachAIDS employs full-time employees, contractors, and volunteers, all in "
"different capacities and organizational configurations. They are careful to "
msgstr ""
#. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para>
-#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:8905
+#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:9408
msgid ""
"Piya’s team was able to produce all of these versions over several years "
"with a head count that never exceeded eight full-time employees. The "
msgstr ""
#. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para>
-#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:8918
+#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:9421
msgid ""
"Like many content creators offering their work for free, they settled on "
"advertising as a funding model. But they were extremely careful not to let "
msgstr ""
#. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para>
-#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:8929
+#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:9432
msgid ""
"TeachAIDS is careful not to seek funding to cover the costs of a specific "
"project. Instead, sponsorships are structured as unrestricted donations to "
msgstr ""
#. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para>
-#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:8939
+#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:9442
msgid ""
"As of 2016, TeachAIDS has dozens of sponsors. <quote>When we go into a new "
"country, various companies hear about us and reach out to us,</quote> Piya "
msgstr ""
#. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para>
-#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:8953
+#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:9456
msgid ""
"Importantly, the value to corporate sponsors goes beyond commercial "
"considerations. As a nonprofit with a clearly articulated social mission, "
msgstr ""
#. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para>
-#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:8962
+#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:9465
msgid ""
"The core mission of TeachAIDS—ensuring global access to life-saving education"
"—is at the root of everything the organization does. It underpins the work; "
msgstr ""
#. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><title>
-#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:8972
+#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:9475
msgid "Tribe of Noise"
msgstr ""
#. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><blockquote><para>
-#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:8975
+#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:9478
msgid ""
"Tribe of Noise is a for-profit online music platform serving the film, TV, "
"video, gaming, and in-store-media industries. Founded in 2008 in the "
msgstr ""
#. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><blockquote><para>
-#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:8980
+#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:9483
msgid "<ulink url=\"http://www.tribeofnoise.com\"/>"
msgstr ""
#. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><blockquote><para>
-#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:8985
+#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:9490
msgid "<emphasis role=\"strong\">Interview date</emphasis>: January 26, 2016"
msgstr ""
#. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><blockquote><para>
-#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:8988
+#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:9494
msgid ""
"<emphasis role=\"strong\">Interviewee</emphasis>: Hessel van Oorschot, "
"cofounder"
msgstr ""
#. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para>
-#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:8996
+#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:9502
msgid ""
"In the early 2000s, Hessel van Oorschot was an entrepreneur running a "
"business where he coached other midsize entrepreneurs how to create an "
msgstr ""
#. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para>
-#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:9005
+#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:9511
msgid ""
"In 2005, Hessel and Sandra Brandenburg launched a niche video-production "
"initiative. Almost immediately, they ran into issues around finding and "
msgstr ""
#. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para>
-#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:9015
+#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:9521
msgid ""
"They hired two lawyers to investigate further, and while they uncovered five "
"or six examples, Hessel found the business models lacking. The lawyers "
msgstr ""
#. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para>
-#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:9025
+#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:9531
msgid ""
"Building a platform posed a real chicken-and-egg problem. The platform had "
"to build an online community of music-rights holders and, at the same time, "
msgstr ""
#. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para>
-#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:9032
+#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:9538
msgid ""
"In July 2008, Tribe of Noise opened its virtual doors with a couple hundred "
"musicians willing to use the CC BY-SA license (Attribution-ShareAlike) for a "
msgstr ""
#. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para><footnote><para>
-#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:9047
+#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:9555
msgid "<ulink url=\"http://www.instoremusicservice.com\"/>"
msgstr ""
#. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para>
-#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:9040
+#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:9546
msgid ""
"As they were growing the community, Hessel got a phone call from a company "
"that made in-store music playlists asking if they had enough music licensed "
msgstr ""
#. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para>
-#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:9050
+#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:9560
msgid ""
"In most countries, artists, authors, and musicians join a collecting society "
"that manages the licensing and helps collect the royalties. Copyright "
msgstr ""
#. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para>
-#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:9071
+#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:9581
msgid ""
"Instead of building a large sales force, Tribe of Noise partnered with big "
"organizations who have lots of clients and can act as a kind of Tribe of "
msgstr ""
#. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para>
-#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:9085
+#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:9595
msgid ""
"Tribe of Noise doesn’t pay the musicians up front; they get paid when their "
"music ends up in Tribe of Noise’s in-store music channels. The musicians’ "
msgstr ""
#. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para><footnote><para>
-#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:9101
+#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:9613
msgid "<ulink url=\"http://www.tribeofnoise.com/info_instoremusic.php\"/>"
msgstr ""
#. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para>
-#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:9093
+#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:9603
msgid ""
"A few of your songs [licensed with CC BY-SA], for example five in total, are "
"selected for a bespoke in-store music channel broadcasting at a large "
msgstr ""
#. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para>
-#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:9104
+#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:9618
msgid ""
"Tribe of Noise has another model that does not involve Creative Commons. In "
"a survey with members, most said they liked the exposure using Creative "
msgstr ""
#. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para>
-#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:9115
+#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:9629
msgid ""
"Hessel’s legal team took this feedback and created a second model and "
"separate area of the platform called Tribe of Noise Pro. Songs uploaded to "
msgstr ""
#. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para>
-#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:9126
+#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:9640
msgid ""
"Tribe of Noise Pro is primarily geared toward media makers who are looking "
"for music. If they buy a license from this catalog, they don’t have to state "
msgstr ""
#. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para>
-#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:9134
+#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:9648
msgid ""
"Lots of Tribe of Noise musicians upload songs to both Tribe of Noise Pro and "
"the community area of Tribe of Noises. There aren’t that many artists who "
msgstr ""
#. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para>
-#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:9140
+#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:9654
msgid ""
"Hessel sees the two as complementary. Both are needed for the model to work. "
"With a whole generation of musicians interested in the sharing economy, the "
msgstr ""
#. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para>
-#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:9148
+#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:9662
msgid ""
"Every musician who joins Tribe of Noise gets their own home page and free "
"unlimited Web space to upload as much of their own music as they like. Tribe "
msgstr ""
#. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para>
-#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:9159
+#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:9673
msgid ""
"Another way Tribe of Noise creates community and interest is with contests, "
"which are organized in partnership with Tribe of Noise clients. The client "
msgstr ""
#. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para>
-#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:9169
+#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:9683
msgid ""
"Tribe of Noise now has twenty-seven thousand members from 192 countries, and "
"many are exploring do-it-yourself models for generating revenue. Some came "
msgstr ""
#. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para>
-#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:9181
+#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:9695
msgid ""
"It’s not uncommon for performance-rights organizations, record labels, or "
"music publishers to sign contracts with musicians based on exclusivity. Such "
msgstr ""
#. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para>
-#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:9198
+#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:9712
msgid ""
"For Hessel the key to Tribe of Noise’s success is trust. The fact that "
"Creative Commons licenses work the same way all over the world and have been "
msgstr ""
#. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><title>
-#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:9210
+#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:9725
msgid "Wikimedia Foundation"
msgstr ""
#. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><blockquote><para>
-#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:9213
+#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:9728
msgid ""
"The Wikimedia Foundation is the nonprofit organization that hosts Wikipedia "
"and its sister projects. Founded in 2003 in the U.S."
msgstr ""
#. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><blockquote><para>
-#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:9218
+#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:9733
msgid "<ulink url=\"http://wikimediafoundation.org\"/>"
msgstr ""
#. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><blockquote><para>
-#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:9220
+#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:9736
msgid "<emphasis role=\"strong\">Revenue model</emphasis>: donations"
msgstr ""
#. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><blockquote><para>
-#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:9222
+#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:9739
msgid "<emphasis role=\"strong\">Interview date</emphasis>: December 18, 2015"
msgstr ""
#. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><blockquote><para>
-#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:9225
+#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:9743
msgid ""
"<emphasis role=\"strong\">Interviewees</emphasis>: Luis Villa, former Chief "
"Officer of Community Engagement, and Stephen LaPorte, legal counsel"
msgstr ""
#. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para>
-#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:9234
+#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:9752
msgid "Nearly every person with an online presence knows Wikipedia."
msgstr ""
#. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para>
-#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:9237
+#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:9755
msgid ""
"In many ways, it is the preeminent open project: The online encyclopedia is "
"created entirely by volunteers. Anyone in the world can edit the articles. "
msgstr ""
#. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para>
-#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:9245
+#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:9763
msgid ""
"As of December 2016, there were more than forty-two million articles in the "
"295 language editions of the online encyclopedia, according to—what else?—"
msgstr ""
#. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para>
-#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:9250
+#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:9768
msgid ""
"The Wikimedia Foundation is a U.S.-based nonprofit organization that owns "
"the Wikipedia domain name and hosts the site, along with many other related "
msgstr ""
#. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para>
-#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:9264
+#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:9782
msgid ""
"As Wikimedia legal counsel Stephen LaPorte told us, <quote>There is a common "
"saying that Wikipedia works in practice but not in theory.</quote> While it "
msgstr ""
#. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para>
-#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:9271
+#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:9789
msgid ""
"Because of its extraordinary breadth and scope, it does feel a bit like a "
"unicorn. Indeed, there is nothing else like Wikipedia. Still, much of what "
msgstr ""
#. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para>
-#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:9280
+#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:9798
msgid ""
"The story of Wikipedia has been told many times. For our purposes, it is "
"enough to know the experiment started in 2001 at a small scale, inspired by "
msgstr ""
#. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para>
-#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:9292
+#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:9810
msgid ""
"The nature of the content the community creates is ideal for asynchronous "
"cocreation. <quote>An encyclopedia is something where incremental community "
msgstr ""
#. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para>
-#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:9316
+#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:9834
msgid ""
"Some of that is directed at servers and general IT support, but the "
"foundation also invests a significant amount on architecture designed to "
msgstr ""
#. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para>
-#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:9332
+#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:9850
msgid ""
"Wikipedia not only relies on good behavior within its community and on its "
"sites, but also by everyone else once the content leaves Wikipedia. All of "
msgstr ""
#. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para><footnote><para>
-#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:9356
+#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:9876
msgid ""
"<ulink url=\"http://gimletmedia.com/episode/14-the-art-of-making-and-fixing-"
"mistakes/\"/>"
msgstr ""
#. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para>
-#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:9344
+#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:9862
msgid ""
"Of course, the primary reason no one has successfully co-opted Wikipedia is "
"that copycat efforts do not have the Wikipedia community to sustain what "
msgstr ""
#. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para>
-#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:9363
+#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:9885
msgid ""
"But the vast majority of us who use Wikipedia are not contributors; we are "
"passive readers. The Wikimedia Foundation survives primarily on individual "
msgstr ""
#. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para>
-#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:9373
+#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:9895
msgid ""
"The foundation has a fund-raising team that works year-round to raise money, "
"but the bulk of their revenue comes in during the December campaign in "
msgstr ""
#. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para>
-#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:9384
+#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:9906
msgid ""
"The vision of the Wikimedia Foundation is a world in which every single "
"human being can freely share in the sum of all knowledge. They work to "
msgstr ""
#. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para>
-#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:9393
+#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:9915
msgid ""
"The philosophy behind the endeavor also enables the foundation to be "
"financially sustainable. It instills trust in their readership, which is "
msgstr ""
#. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para>
-#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:9399
+#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:9921
msgid ""
"Any given edit on Wikipedia could be motivated by nearly an infinite number "
"of reasons. But the social mission of the project is what binds the global "
msgstr ""
#. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para>
-#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:9406
+#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:9928
msgid ""
"Of course, what results from that movement is one of the Internet’s great "
"public resources. <quote>The Internet has a lot of businesses and stores, "
msgstr ""
#. type: Content of: <book><chapter><title>
-#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:9416
+#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:9939
msgid "Bibliography"
msgstr ""
#. type: Content of: <book><chapter><para>
-#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:9418
+#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:9941
msgid ""
"Alperovitz, Gar. What Then Must We Do? Straight Talk about the Next American "
"Revolution; Democratizing Wealth and Building a Community-Sustaining Economy "
msgstr ""
#. type: Content of: <book><chapter><para>
-#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:9424
+#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:9947
msgid ""
"Anderson, Chris. Free: How Today’s Smartest Businesses Profit by Giving "
"Something for Nothing, reprint with new preface. New York: Hyperion, 2010."
msgstr ""
#. type: Content of: <book><chapter><para>
-#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:9429
+#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:9952
msgid "———. Makers: The New Industrial Revolution. New York: Signal, 2012."
msgstr ""
#. type: Content of: <book><chapter><para>
-#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:9432
+#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:9955
msgid ""
"Ariely, Dan. Predictably Irrational: The Hidden Forces That Shape Our "
"Decisions. Rev. ed. New York: Harper Perennial, 2010."
msgstr ""
#. type: Content of: <book><chapter><para>
-#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:9436
+#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:9959
msgid ""
"Bacon, Jono. The Art of Community. 2nd ed. Sebastopol, CA: O’Reilly Media, "
"2012."
msgstr ""
#. type: Content of: <book><chapter><para>
-#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:9440
+#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:9963
msgid ""
"Benkler, Yochai. The Wealth of Networks: How Social Production Transforms "
"Markets and Freedom. New Haven: Yale University Press, 2006. <ulink url="
msgstr ""
#. type: Content of: <book><chapter><para>
-#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:9447
+#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:9970
msgid ""
"Benyayer, Louis-David, ed. Open Models: Business Models of the Open Economy. "
"Cachan, France: Without Model, 2016. <ulink url=\"http://www.slideshare.net/"
msgstr ""
#. type: Content of: <book><chapter><para>
-#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:9453
+#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:9976
msgid ""
"Bollier, David. Commoning as a Transformative Social Paradigm. Paper "
"commissioned by the Next Systems Project. Washington, DC: Democracy "
msgstr ""
#. type: Content of: <book><chapter><para>
-#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:9459
+#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:9982
msgid ""
"———. Think Like a Commoner: A Short Introduction to the Life of the Commons. "
"Gabriola Island, BC: New Society, 2014."
msgstr ""
#. type: Content of: <book><chapter><para>
-#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:9463
+#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:9986
msgid ""
"Bollier, David, and Pat Conaty. Democratic Money and Capital for the "
"Commons: Strategies for Transforming Neoliberal Finance through Commons-"
msgstr ""
#. type: Content of: <book><chapter><para>
-#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:9473
+#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:9996
msgid ""
"Bollier, David, and Silke Helfrich, eds. The Wealth of the Commons: A World "
"Beyond Market and State. Amherst, MA: Levellers Press, 2012."
msgstr ""
#. type: Content of: <book><chapter><para>
-#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:9477
+#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:10000
msgid ""
"Botsman, Rachel, and Roo Rogers. What’s Mine Is Yours: The Rise of "
"Collaborative Consumption. New York: Harper Business, 2010."
msgstr ""
#. type: Content of: <book><chapter><para>
-#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:9481
+#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:10004
msgid ""
"Boyle, James. The Public Domain: Enclosing the Commons of the Mind. New "
"Haven: Yale University Press, 2008."
msgstr ""
#. type: Content of: <book><chapter><para>
-#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:9484
+#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:10008
msgid ""
"<ulink url=\"http://www.thepublicdomain.org/download/\"/> (licensed under CC "
"BY-NC-SA)."
msgstr ""
#. type: Content of: <book><chapter><para>
-#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:9488
+#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:10012
msgid ""
"Capra, Fritjof, and Ugo Mattei. The Ecology of Law: Toward a Legal System in "
"Tune with Nature and Community. Oakland, CA: Berrett-Koehler, 2015."
msgstr ""
#. type: Content of: <book><chapter><para>
-#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:9493
+#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:10017
msgid ""
"Chesbrough, Henry. Open Business Models: How to Thrive in the New Innovation "
"Landscape. Boston: Harvard Business School Press, 2006."
msgstr ""
#. type: Content of: <book><chapter><para>
-#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:9497
+#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:10021
msgid ""
"———. Open Innovation: The New Imperative for Creating and Profiting from "
"Technology. Boston: Harvard Business Review Press, 2006."
msgstr ""
#. type: Content of: <book><chapter><para>
-#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:9501
+#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:10025
msgid ""
"City of Bologna. Regulation on Collaboration between Citizens and the City "
"for the Care and Regeneration of Urban Commons. Translated by LabGov "
msgstr ""
#. type: Content of: <book><chapter><para>
-#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:9508
+#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:10032
msgid ""
"Cole, Daniel H. <quote>Learning from Lin: Lessons and Cautions from the "
"Natural Commons for the Knowledge Commons.</quote> Chap. 2 in Frischmann, "
msgstr ""
#. type: Content of: <book><chapter><para>
-#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:9513
+#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:10037
msgid ""
"Creative Commons. 2015 State of the Commons. Mountain View, CA: Creative "
"Commons, 2015. <ulink url=\"http://stateof.creativecommons.org/2015/\"/>."
msgstr ""
#. type: Content of: <book><chapter><para>
-#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:9518
+#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:10042
msgid ""
"Doctorow, Cory. Information Doesn’t Want to Be Free: Laws for the Internet "
"Age. San Francisco: McSweeney’s, 2014."
msgstr ""
#. type: Content of: <book><chapter><para>
-#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:9522
+#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:10046
msgid ""
"Eckhardt, Giana, and Fleura Bardhi. <quote>The Sharing Economy Isn’t about "
"Sharing at All.</quote> Harvard Business Review, January 28, 2015. <ulink "
msgstr ""
#. type: Content of: <book><chapter><para>
-#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:9528
+#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:10052
msgid ""
"Elliott, Patricia W., and Daryl H. Hepting, eds. (2015). Free Knowledge: "
"Confronting the Commodification of Human Discovery. Regina, SK: University "
msgstr ""
#. type: Content of: <book><chapter><para>
-#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:9535
+#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:10059
msgid ""
"Eyal, Nir. Hooked: How to Build Habit-Forming Products. With Ryan Hoover. "
"New York: Portfolio, 2014."
msgstr ""
#. type: Content of: <book><chapter><para>
-#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:9539
+#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:10063
msgid ""
"Farley, Joshua, and Ida Kubiszewski. <quote>The Economics of Information in "
"a Post-Carbon Economy.</quote> Chap. 11 in Elliott and Hepting, Free "
msgstr ""
#. type: Content of: <book><chapter><para>
-#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:9544
+#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:10068
msgid ""
"Foster, William Landes, Peter Kim, and Barbara Christiansen. <quote>Ten "
"Nonprofit Funding Models.</quote> Stanford Social Innovation Review, Spring "
msgstr ""
#. type: Content of: <book><chapter><para>
-#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:9550
+#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:10074
msgid ""
"Frischmann, Brett M. Infrastructure: The Social Value of Shared Resources. "
"New York: Oxford University Press, 2012."
msgstr ""
#. type: Content of: <book><chapter><para>
-#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:9554
+#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:10078
msgid ""
"Frischmann, Brett M., Michael J. Madison, and Katherine J. Strandburg, eds. "
"Governing Knowledge Commons. New York: Oxford University Press, 2014."
msgstr ""
#. type: Content of: <book><chapter><para>
-#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:9559
+#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:10083
msgid ""
"Frischmann, Brett M., Michael J. Madison, and Katherine J. Strandburg. "
"<quote>Governing Knowledge Commons.</quote> Chap. 1 in Frischmann, Madison, "
msgstr ""
#. type: Content of: <book><chapter><para>
-#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:9564
+#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:10088
msgid ""
"Gansky, Lisa. The Mesh: Why the Future of Business Is Sharing. Reprint with "
"new epilogue. New York: Portfolio, 2012."
msgstr ""
#. type: Content of: <book><chapter><para>
-#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:9568
+#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:10092
msgid ""
"Grant, Adam. Give and Take: Why Helping Others Drives Our Success. New "
"York: Viking, 2013."
msgstr ""
#. type: Content of: <book><chapter><para>
-#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:9572
+#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:10096
msgid ""
"Haiven, Max. Crises of Imagination, Crises of Power: Capitalism, Creativity "
"and the Commons. New York: Zed Books, 2014."
msgstr ""
#. type: Content of: <book><chapter><para>
-#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:9576
+#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:10100
msgid ""
"Harris, Malcom, ed. Share or Die: Voices of the Get Lost Generation in the "
"Age of Crisis. With Neal Gorenflo. Gabriola Island, BC: New Society, 2012."
msgstr ""
#. type: Content of: <book><chapter><para>
-#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:9581
+#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:10105
msgid ""
"Hermida, Alfred. Tell Everyone: Why We Share and Why It Matters. Toronto: "
"Doubleday Canada, 2014."
msgstr ""
#. type: Content of: <book><chapter><para>
-#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:9585
+#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:10109
msgid ""
"Hyde, Lewis. Common as Air: Revolution, Art, and Ownership. New York: "
"Farrar, Straus and Giroux, 2010."
msgstr ""
#. type: Content of: <book><chapter><para>
-#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:9589
+#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:10113
msgid ""
"———. The Gift: Creativity and the Artist in the Modern World. 2nd Vintage "
"Books edition. New York: Vintage Books, 2007."
msgstr ""
#. type: Content of: <book><chapter><para>
-#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:9593
+#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:10117
msgid ""
"Kelley, Tom, and David Kelley. Creative Confidence: Unleashing the Potential "
"within Us All. New York: Crown, 2013."
msgstr ""
#. type: Content of: <book><chapter><para>
-#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:9597
+#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:10121
msgid ""
"Kelly, Marjorie. Owning Our Future: The Emerging Ownership Revolution; "
"Journeys to a Generative Economy. San Francisco: Berrett-Koehler, 2012."
msgstr ""
#. type: Content of: <book><chapter><para>
-#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:9602
+#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:10126
msgid ""
"Kleon, Austin. Show Your Work: 10 Ways to Share Your Creativity and Get "
"Discovered. New York: Workman, 2014."
msgstr ""
#. type: Content of: <book><chapter><para>
-#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:9606
+#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:10130
msgid ""
"———. Steal Like an Artist: 10 Things Nobody Told You about Being Creative. "
"New York: Workman, 2012."
msgstr ""
#. type: Content of: <book><chapter><para>
-#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:9610
+#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:10134
msgid ""
"Kramer, Bryan. Shareology: How Sharing Is Powering the Human Economy. New "
"York: Morgan James, 2016."
msgstr ""
#. type: Content of: <book><chapter><para>
-#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:9614
+#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:10138
msgid ""
"Lee, David. <quote>Inside Medium: An Attempt to Bring Civility to the "
"Internet.</quote> BBC News, March 3, 2016. <ulink url=\"http://www.bbc.com/"
msgstr ""
#. type: Content of: <book><chapter><para>
-#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:9619
+#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:10143
msgid ""
"Lessig, Lawrence. Remix: Making Art and Commerce Thrive in the Hybrid "
"Economy. New York: Penguin Press, 2008."
msgstr ""
#. type: Content of: <book><chapter><para>
-#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:9623
+#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:10147
msgid ""
"Menzies, Heather. Reclaiming the Commons for the Common Good: A Memoir and "
"Manifesto. Gabriola Island, BC: New Society, 2014."
msgstr ""
#. type: Content of: <book><chapter><para>
-#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:9627
+#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:10151
msgid ""
"Mason, Paul. Postcapitalism: A Guide to Our Future. New York: Farrar, Straus "
"and Giroux, 2015."
msgstr ""
#. type: Content of: <book><chapter><para>
-#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:9631
+#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:10155
msgid ""
"New York Times Customer Insight Group. The Psychology of Sharing: Why Do "
"People Share Online? New York: New York Times Customer Insight Group, 2011. "
msgstr ""
#. type: Content of: <book><chapter><para>
-#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:9637
+#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:10161
msgid ""
"Osterwalder, Alex, and Yves Pigneur. Business Model Generation. Hoboken, "
"NJ: John Wiley and Sons, 2010. A preview of the book is available at <ulink "
msgstr ""
#. type: Content of: <book><chapter><para>
-#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:9643
+#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:10167
msgid ""
"Osterwalder, Alex, Yves Pigneur, Greg Bernarda, and Adam Smith. Value "
"Proposition Design. Hoboken, NJ: John Wiley and Sons, 2014. A preview of the "
msgstr ""
#. type: Content of: <book><chapter><para>
-#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:9649
+#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:10173
msgid ""
"Palmer, Amanda. The Art of Asking: Or How I Learned to Stop Worrying and Let "
"People Help. New York: Grand Central, 2014."
msgstr ""
#. type: Content of: <book><chapter><para>
-#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:9653
+#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:10177
msgid ""
"Pekel, Joris. Democratising the Rijksmuseum: Why Did the Rijksmuseum Make "
"Available Their Highest Quality Material without Restrictions, and What Are "
msgstr ""
#. type: Content of: <book><chapter><para>
-#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:9661
+#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:10185
msgid ""
"Ramos, José Maria, ed. The City as Commons: A Policy Reader. Melbourne, "
"Australia: Commons Transition Coalition, 2016. <ulink url=\"http://www."
msgstr ""
#. type: Content of: <book><chapter><para>
-#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:9667
+#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:10191
msgid ""
"Raymond, Eric S. The Cathedral and the Bazaar: Musings on Linux and Open "
"Source by an Accidental Revolutionary. Rev. ed. Sebastopol, CA: O’Reilly "
msgstr ""
#. type: Content of: <book><chapter><para>
-#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:9673
+#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:10197
msgid ""
"Ries, Eric. The Lean Startup: How Today’s Entrepreneurs Use Continuous "
"Innovation to Create Radically Successful Businesses. New York: Crown "
msgstr ""
#. type: Content of: <book><chapter><para>
-#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:9678
+#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:10202
msgid ""
"Rifkin, Jeremy. The Zero Marginal Cost Society: The Internet of Things, the "
"Collaborative Commons, and the Eclipse of Capitalism. New York: Palgrave "
msgstr ""
#. type: Content of: <book><chapter><para>
-#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:9683
+#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:10207
msgid ""
"Rowe, Jonathan. Our Common Wealth. San Francisco: Berrett-Koehler, 2013."
msgstr ""
#. type: Content of: <book><chapter><para>
-#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:9687
+#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:10211
msgid ""
"Rushkoff, Douglas. Throwing Rocks at the Google Bus: How Growth Became the "
"Enemy of Prosperity. New York: Portfolio, 2016."
msgstr ""
#. type: Content of: <book><chapter><para>
-#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:9691
+#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:10215
msgid ""
"Sandel, Michael J. What Money Can’t Buy: The Moral Limits of Markets. New "
"York: Farrar, Straus and Giroux, 2012."
msgstr ""
#. type: Content of: <book><chapter><para>
-#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:9695
+#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:10219
msgid ""
"Shirky, Clay. Cognitive Surplus: How Technology Makes Consumers into "
"Collaborators. London, England: Penguin Books, 2010."
msgstr ""
#. type: Content of: <book><chapter><para>
-#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:9699
+#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:10223
msgid ""
"Slee, Tom. What’s Yours Is Mine: Against the Sharing Economy. New York: OR "
"Books, 2015."
msgstr ""
#. type: Content of: <book><chapter><para>
-#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:9703
+#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:10227
msgid ""
"Stephany, Alex. The Business of Sharing: Making in the New Sharing Economy. "
"New York: Palgrave Macmillan, 2015."
msgstr ""
#. type: Content of: <book><chapter><para>
-#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:9707
+#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:10231
msgid ""
"Stepper, John. Working Out Loud: For a Better Career and Life. New York: "
"Ikigai Press, 2015."
msgstr ""
#. type: Content of: <book><chapter><para>
-#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:9711
+#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:10235
msgid ""
"Sull, Donald, and Kathleen M. Eisenhardt. Simple Rules: How to Thrive in a "
"Complex World. Boston: Houghton Mifflin Harcourt, 2015."
msgstr ""
#. type: Content of: <book><chapter><para>
-#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:9715
+#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:10239
msgid ""
"Sundararajan, Arun. The Sharing Economy: The End of Employment and the Rise "
"of Crowd-Based Capitalism. Cambridge, MA: MIT Press, 2016."
msgstr ""
#. type: Content of: <book><chapter><para>
-#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:9719
+#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:10243
msgid "Surowiecki, James. The Wisdom of Crowds. New York: Anchor Books, 2005."
msgstr ""
#. type: Content of: <book><chapter><para>
-#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:9723
+#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:10247
msgid ""
"Tapscott, Don, and Alex Tapscott. Blockchain Revolution: How the Technology "
"Behind Bitcoin Is Changing Money, Business, and the World. Toronto: "
msgstr ""
#. type: Content of: <book><chapter><para>
-#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:9728
+#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:10252
msgid ""
"Tharp, Twyla. The Creative Habit: Learn It and Use It for Life. With Mark "
"Reiter. New York: Simon and Schuster, 2006."
msgstr ""
#. type: Content of: <book><chapter><para>
-#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:9732
+#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:10256
msgid ""
"Tkacz, Nathaniel. Wikipedia and the Politics of Openness. Chicago: "
"University of Chicago Press, 2015."
msgstr ""
#. type: Content of: <book><chapter><para>
-#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:9736
+#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:10260
msgid ""
"Van Abel, Bass, Lucas Evers, Roel Klaassen, and Peter Troxler, eds. Open "
"Design Now: Why Design Cannot Remain Exclusive. Amsterdam: BIS Publishers, "
msgstr ""
#. type: Content of: <book><chapter><para>
-#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:9744
+#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:10268
msgid ""
"Van den Hoff, Ronald. Mastering the Global Transition on Our Way to Society "
"3.0. Utrecht, the Netherlands: Society 3.0 Foundation, 2014. <ulink url="
msgstr ""
#. type: Content of: <book><chapter><para>
-#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:9750
+#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:10274
msgid ""
"Von Hippel, Eric. Democratizing Innovation. London: MIT Press, 2005. <ulink "
"url=\"http://web.mit.edu/evhippel/www/democ1.htm\"/> (licensed under CC BY-"
msgstr ""
#. type: Content of: <book><chapter><para>
-#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:9755
+#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:10279
msgid ""
"Whitehurst, Jim. The Open Organization: Igniting Passion and Performance. "
"Boston: Harvard Business Review Press, 2015."
msgstr ""
#. type: Content of: <book><chapter><title>
-#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:9760
+#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:10284
msgid "Acknowledgments"
msgstr ""
#. type: Content of: <book><chapter><para>
-#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:9762
+#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:10286
msgid ""
"We extend special thanks to Creative Commons CEO Ryan Merkley, the Creative "
"Commons Board, and all of our Creative Commons colleagues for "
msgstr ""
#. type: Content of: <book><chapter><para>
-#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:9769
+#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:10293
msgid ""
"Huge appreciation to all the Made with Creative Commons interviewees for "
"sharing their stories with us. You make the commons come alive. Thanks for "
msgstr ""
#. type: Content of: <book><chapter><para>
-#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:9774
+#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:10298
msgid ""
"We interviewed more than the twenty-four organizations profiled in this "
"book. We extend special thanks to Gooru, OERu, Sage Bionetworks, and Medium "
msgstr ""
#. type: Content of: <book><chapter><para>
-#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:9782
+#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:10306
msgid ""
"This book was made possible by the generous support of 1,687 Kickstarter "
"backers listed below. We especially acknowledge our many Kickstarter co-"
msgstr ""
#. type: Content of: <book><chapter><para>
-#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:9788
+#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:10312
msgid ""
"Co-editor Kickstarter backers (alphabetically by first name): Abraham "
"Taherivand, Alan Graham, Alfredo Louro, Anatoly Volynets, Aurora Thornton, "
msgstr ""
#. type: Content of: <book><chapter><para>
-#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:9839
+#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:10363
msgid ""
"All other Kickstarter backers (alphabetically by first name): A. Lee, Aaron "
"C. Rathbun, Aaron Stubbs, Aaron Suggs, Abdul Razak Manaf, Abraham "
"ZeMarmot Open Movie"
msgstr ""
+#, fuzzy
+#~| msgid ""
+#~| "“I don’t know a whole lot about nonfiction journalism. . . The way that "
+#~| "I think about these things, and in terms of what I can do is. . . "
+#~| "essays like this are occasions to watch somebody reasonably bright but "
+#~| "also reasonably average pay far closer attention and think at far more "
+#~| "length about all sorts of different stuff than most of us have a chance "
+#~| "to in our daily lives.”"
+#~ msgid ""
+#~ "<quote>I don’t know a whole lot about nonfiction journalism. . . The way "
+#~ "that I think about these things, and in terms of what I can do is. . . "
+#~ "essays like this are occasions to watch somebody reasonably bright but "
+#~ "also reasonably average pay far closer attention and think at far more "
+#~ "length about all sorts of different stuff than most of us have a chance "
+#~ "to in our daily lives.</quote>"
+#~ msgstr ""
+#~ "\"Niewiele wiem na temat dziennikarstwa z rodzaju literatury faktu... "
+#~ "Sposobem, za pomocą którego myślę o tych rzeczach, w kategoriach tego co "
+#~ "mogę zrobić, są... eseje, takie jak ten, będące okazją do przyjrzenia się "
+#~ "komuś, kto jest dość błyskotliwy, na kogo warto zwrócić wiekszą uwagę, "
+#~ "kto poświęca dużo więcej uwagi i myśli na te, niż na inne rzeczy, niż "
+#~ "większość z nas, majacych szansę tak robić w naszym codziennym życiu”."
+
#~ msgid "Made With Creative Commons"
#~ msgstr "Made With Creative Commons"
msgid ""
msgstr ""
"Project-Id-Version: Made with Creative Commons 20170609-2\n"
-"POT-Creation-Date: 2018-09-18 06:11+0000\n"
+"POT-Creation-Date: 2018-12-10 23:30+0000\n"
"PO-Revision-Date: 2018-01-31 17:41+0000\n"
"Last-Translator: Марс Ямбар <mjambarmeta@gmail.com>\n"
"Language-Team: Ukrainian <https://hosted.weblate.org/projects/madewithcc/"
#. type: Content of: <book><colophon><para>
#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:5
-#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:41
+#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:35
#, fuzzy
#| msgid "Made With Creative Commons"
msgid "Made with Creative Commons"
msgstr ""
#. type: Content of: <book><bookinfo><copyright>
-#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:17
+#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:16
msgid "<year>2017</year> <holder>Creative Commons</holder>"
msgstr ""
#. type: Content of: <book><bookinfo><publisher>
-#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:21
+#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:19
msgid "<publishername>Gunnar Wolf</publishername>"
msgstr ""
#. type: Content of: <book><bookinfo><publisher><address><city>
-#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:23
+#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:20
msgid "Mexico City"
msgstr ""
#. type: Content of: <book><colophon><para>
-#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:28
-#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:56
+#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:22
+#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:60
msgid ""
"This book is published under a CC BY-SA license, which means that you can "
"copy, redistribute, remix, transform, and build upon the content for any "
msgstr ""
#. type: Content of: <book><colophon><para>
-#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:42
+#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:37
msgid "by Paul Stacey & Sarah Hinchliff Pearson"
msgstr ""
#. type: Content of: <book><colophon><para>
-#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:43
+#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:39
msgid "© 2017 by the Creative Commons Foundation."
msgstr ""
#. type: Content of: <book><colophon><para>
-#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:44
+#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:41
msgid ""
"Published under a Creative Commons Attribution-ShareAlike license (CC BY-"
"SA), version 4.0."
msgstr ""
#. type: Content of: <book><colophon><para>
-#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:46
+#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:44
msgid ""
"ISBN: YET-TO-BE-DECIDED (PDF), YET-TO-BE-DECIDED (ePub), YET-TO-BE-DECIDED "
"(Paperback)"
msgstr ""
#. type: Content of: <book><colophon><para>
-#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:48
+#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:47
msgid ""
"Illustrations by Bryan Mathers, <ulink url=\"https://bryanmmathers.com/\"/>."
msgstr ""
#. space for information about translators
#. type: Content of: <book><colophon><para>
-#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:52
+#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:54
msgid " "
msgstr ""
#. type: Content of: <book><colophon><para>
-#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:54
+#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:57
msgid "Downloadable e-book available at <ulink url=\"https://madewith.cc/\"/>."
msgstr ""
#. type: Content of: <book><colophon><para>
-#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:63
+#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:68
msgid ""
"Made With Creative Commons is published with the kind support of Creative "
"Commons and backers of our crowdfunding-campaign on the Kickstarter.com "
msgstr ""
#. type: Content of: <book><colophon><para>
-#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:66
+#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:72
msgid ""
"This edition of the book is maintained on <ulink url=\"https://gitlab.com/"
"gunnarwolf/madewithcc-es/\"/>, and the translations are maintained on <ulink "
msgstr ""
#. type: Content of: <book><colophon><para>
-#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:72
+#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:79
msgid "Classifications:"
msgstr ""
#. type: Content of: <book><colophon><para>
-#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:75
+#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:83
msgid "(Dewey) 346.048, 347.78"
msgstr ""
#. type: Content of: <book><colophon><para>
-#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:78
+#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:87
msgid "(UDK) ?"
msgstr ""
#. type: Content of: <book><colophon><para>
-#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:81
+#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:91
msgid "(US Library of Congress) Z286 O63 S73 2017"
msgstr ""
#. type: Content of: <book><colophon><para>
-#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:84
+#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:95
msgid "(Melvil) 025.523"
msgstr ""
#. type: Content of: <book><colophon><para>
-#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:87
+#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:99
msgid "(ACM CRCS) ?"
msgstr ""
-#. type: Content of: <book><dedication><blockquote><para>
-#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:94
-msgid ""
-"<quote>I don’t know a whole lot about nonfiction journalism. . . The way "
-"that I think about these things, and in terms of what I can do is. . . "
-"essays like this are occasions to watch somebody reasonably bright but also "
-"reasonably average pay far closer attention and think at far more length "
-"about all sorts of different stuff than most of us have a chance to in our "
-"daily lives.</quote>"
-msgstr ""
-
-#. type: Content of: <book><dedication><blockquote><para>
-#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:103
+#. type: Content of: <book><colophon><blockquote><para>
+#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:129
msgid "— <emphasis>David Foster Wallace</emphasis>"
msgstr ""
#. type: Content of: <book><preface><title>
-#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:108
+#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:134
msgid "Foreword"
msgstr ""
#. type: Content of: <book><preface><para>
-#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:110
+#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:136
msgid ""
"Three years ago, just after I was hired as CEO of Creative Commons, I met "
"with Cory Doctorow in the hotel bar of Toronto’s Gladstone Hotel. As one of "
msgstr ""
#. type: Content of: <book><preface><para>
-#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:119
+#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:145
msgid ""
"He was, in a way, completely correct—those who make things with Creative "
"Commons have ulterior motives, as Paul Stacey explains in this book: "
msgstr ""
#. type: Content of: <book><preface><para>
-#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:127
+#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:153
msgid ""
"In the case study about Cory Doctorow, Sarah Hinchliff Pearson cites Cory’s "
"words from his book Information Doesn’t Want to Be Free: <quote>Entering the "
msgstr ""
#. type: Content of: <book><preface><para>
-#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:135
+#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:161
msgid ""
"Today, copyright is like a lottery ticket—everyone has one, and almost "
"nobody wins. What they don’t tell you is that if you choose to share your "
msgstr ""
#. type: Content of: <book><preface><para>
-#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:144
+#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:170
msgid ""
"So it’s not about the money. Also: it is. Finding the means to continue to "
"create and share often requires some amount of income. Max Temkin of Cards "
msgstr ""
#. type: Content of: <book><preface><para>
-#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:151
+#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:177
msgid ""
"Creative Commons’ focus is on building a vibrant, usable commons, powered by "
"collaboration and gratitude. Enabling communities of collaboration is at the "
msgstr ""
#. type: Content of: <book><preface><para>
-#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:160
+#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:186
msgid ""
"Paul dreams of a future where new models of creativity and innovation "
"overpower the inequality and scarcity that today define the worst parts of "
msgstr ""
#. type: Content of: <book><preface><para>
-#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:169
+#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:195
msgid ""
"Sarah is the best kind of lawyer—a true advocate who believes in the good of "
"people, and the power of collective acts to change the world. Over the past "
msgstr ""
#. type: Content of: <book><preface><para>
-#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:181
+#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:207
msgid ""
"As coauthors, Paul and Sarah complement each other perfectly. They "
"researched, analyzed, argued, and worked as a team, sometimes together and "
msgstr ""
#. type: Content of: <book><preface><para>
-#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:192
+#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:218
msgid ""
"From the beginning, CC wanted to develop this project with the principles "
"and values of open collaboration. The book was funded, developed, "
msgstr ""
#. type: Content of: <book><preface><para>
-#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:200
+#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:226
msgid ""
"For 31 days in August of 2015, Sarah took point to organize and execute a "
"Kickstarter campaign to generate the core funding for the book. The "
msgstr ""
#. type: Content of: <book><preface><para>
-#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:209
+#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:235
msgid ""
"Paul and Sarah worked openly throughout the project, publishing the plans, "
"drafts, case studies, and analysis, early and often, and they engaged "
msgstr ""
#. type: Content of: <book><preface><para>
-#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:219
+#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:245
msgid ""
"Those who work and share in the commons are not typical creators. They are "
"part of something greater than themselves, and what they offer us all is a "
msgstr ""
#. type: Content of: <book><preface><para>
-#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:225
+#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:251
msgid ""
"Jonathan Mann, who is profiled in this book, writes a song a day. When I "
"reached out to ask him to write a song for our Kickstarter (and to offer "
msgstr ""
#. type: Content of: <book><preface><para>
-#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:234
+#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:260
msgid ""
"Sarah writes, <quote>Endeavors that are Made with Creative Commons thrive "
"when community is built around what they do. This may mean a community "
msgstr ""
#. type: Content of: <book><preface><para>
-#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:248
+#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:274
msgid ""
"This is not a typical business book. For those looking for a recipe or a "
"roadmap, you might be disappointed. But for those looking to pursue a social "
msgstr ""
#. type: Content of: <book><preface><para>
-#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:258
+#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:284
msgid ""
"In a 1996 Stanford Law Review article <quote>The Zones of Cyberspace</"
"quote>, CC founder Lawrence Lessig wrote, <quote>Cyberspace is a place. "
msgstr ""
#. type: Content of: <book><preface><para>
-#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:268
+#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:294
msgid ""
"I’m incredibly proud that Creative Commons is able to publish this book for "
"the many communities that we have come to know and like. I’m grateful to "
msgstr ""
#. type: Content of: <book><preface><para>
-#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:276
+#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:302
msgid "That’s the true value of things that are Made with Creative Commons."
msgstr ""
#. type: Content of: <book><preface><para>
-#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:279
+#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:305
msgid "<emphasis>Ryan Merkley</emphasis>"
msgstr ""
#. type: Content of: <book><preface><para>
-#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:282
+#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:308
msgid "<emphasis>CEO, Creative Commons</emphasis>"
msgstr ""
#. type: Content of: <book><preface><title>
-#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:286
+#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:312
msgid "Introduction"
msgstr ""
#. type: Content of: <book><preface><para>
-#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:288
+#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:314
msgid ""
"This book shows the world how sharing can be good for business—but with a "
"twist."
msgstr ""
#. type: Content of: <book><preface><para>
-#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:292
+#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:318
msgid ""
"We began the project intending to explore how creators, organizations, and "
"businesses make money to sustain what they do when they share their work "
msgstr ""
#. type: Content of: <book><preface><para>
-#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:304
+#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:330
msgid ""
"Through the generous funding of Kickstarter backers, we set about this "
"project first by identifying and selecting a diverse group of creators, "
msgstr ""
#. type: Content of: <book><preface><para>
-#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:312
+#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:338
msgid ""
"But as we did our research, something interesting happened. Our initial way "
"of framing the work did not match the stories we were hearing."
msgstr ""
#. type: Content of: <book><preface><para>
-#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:317
+#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:343
msgid ""
"Those we interviewed were not typical businesses selling to consumers and "
"seeking to maximize profits and the bottom line. Instead, they were sharing "
msgstr ""
#. type: Content of: <book><preface><para>
-#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:325
+#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:351
msgid ""
"They often didn’t like hearing what they do described as an open business "
"model. Their endeavor was something more than that. Something different. "
msgstr ""
#. type: Content of: <book><preface><para>
-#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:333
+#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:359
msgid ""
"We had to rethink the way we conceived of this project. And it didn’t happen "
"overnight. From the fall of 2015 through 2016, we documented our thoughts in "
msgstr ""
#. type: Content of: <book><preface><para>
-#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:342
+#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:368
msgid ""
"Throughout the process, the two of us have often had very different ways of "
"understanding and describing what we were learning. Learning from each other "
msgstr ""
#. type: Content of: <book><preface><para>
-#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:352
+#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:378
msgid ""
"While we recommend that you read the book from start to finish, each section "
"reads more or less independently. The book is structured into two main parts."
msgstr ""
#. type: Content of: <book><preface><para>
-#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:357
+#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:383
msgid ""
"Part one, the overview, begins with a big-picture framework written by Paul. "
"He provides some historical context for the digital commons, describing the "
msgstr ""
#. type: Content of: <book><preface><para>
-#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:365
+#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:391
msgid ""
"The overview continues with Sarah’s chapter, as she considers what it means "
"to be successfully Made with Creative Commons. While making money is one "
msgstr ""
#. type: Content of: <book><preface><para>
-#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:375
+#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:401
msgid ""
"And to end part one, we have a short section that explains the different "
"Creative Commons licenses. We talk about the misconception that the more "
msgstr ""
#. type: Content of: <book><preface><para>
-#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:382
+#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:408
msgid ""
"Part two of the book is made up of the twenty-four stories of the creators, "
"businesses, and organizations we interviewed. While both of us participated "
msgstr ""
#. type: Content of: <book><preface><para>
-#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:388
+#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:414
msgid ""
"Of course, we are pleased to make the book available using a Creative "
"Commons Attribution-ShareAlike license. Please copy, distribute, translate, "
msgstr ""
#. type: Content of: <book><preface><para>
-#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:393
+#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:419
msgid ""
"Writing this book has transformed and inspired us. The way we now look at "
"and think about what it means to be Made with Creative Commons has "
msgstr ""
#. type: Content of: <book><preface><para>
-#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:400
+#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:426
msgid "<emphasis>Paul and Sarah </emphasis>"
msgstr ""
#. type: Content of: <book><part><title>
-#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:404
+#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:430
msgid "The Big Picture"
msgstr ""
#. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><title>
-#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:406
+#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:432
msgid "The New World of Digital Commons"
msgstr ""
#. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para>
-#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:408
+#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:434
msgid "Paul Stacey"
msgstr ""
#. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para><footnote><para>
-#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:418
+#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:445
msgid ""
"Jonathan Rowe, Our Common Wealth (San Francisco: Berrett-Koehler, 2013), 14."
msgstr ""
#. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para>
-#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:411
+#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:437
msgid ""
"Jonathan Rowe eloquently describes the commons as <quote>the air and oceans, "
"the web of species, wilderness and flowing water—all are parts of the "
msgstr ""
#. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para>
-#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:423
+#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:451
msgid ""
"In Made with Creative Commons, we focus on our current era of digital "
"commons, a commons of human-produced works. This commons cuts across a broad "
msgstr ""
#. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para><footnote><para>
-#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:438
+#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:467
msgid ""
"David Bollier, Think Like a Commoner: A Short Introduction to the Life of "
"the Commons (Gabriola Island, BC: New Society, 2014), 176."
msgstr ""
#. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para><footnote><para>
-#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:446
+#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:477
msgid "Ibid., 15."
msgstr ""
#. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para>
-#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:434
+#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:462
msgid ""
"The commons is not just about shared resources, however. It’s also about the "
"social practices and values that manage them. A resource is a noun, but to "
msgstr ""
#. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><sect1><title>
-#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:453
+#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:485
msgid "The Commons, the Market, and the State"
msgstr ""
#. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><sect1><para><footnote><para>
-#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:459
+#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:492
msgid "Ibid., 145."
msgstr ""
#. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><sect1><para>
-#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:455
+#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:487
msgid ""
"Historically, there have been three ways to manage resources and share "
"wealth: the commons (managed collectively), the state (i.e., the "
msgstr ""
#. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><sect1><para><footnote><para>
-#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:468
+#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:503
msgid "Ibid., 175."
msgstr ""
#. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><sect1><para>
-#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:463
+#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:497
msgid ""
"The organizations and businesses in our case studies are unique in the way "
"they participate in the commons while still engaging with the market and/or "
msgstr ""
#. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><sect1><para>
-#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:475
+#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:511
msgid ""
"Fig. 1. is a depiction of how an enterprise can have varying levels of "
"engagement with commons, state, and market."
msgstr ""
#. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><sect1><para>
-#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:479
+#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:515
msgid ""
"Some of our case studies are simply commons and market enterprises with "
"little or no engagement with the state. A depiction of those case studies "
msgstr ""
#. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><sect1><para>
-#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:490
+#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:526
msgid ""
"All our case studies generate money as a means of livelihood and "
"sustainability. Money is primarily of the market. Finding ways to generate "
msgstr ""
#. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><sect1><para>
-#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:499
+#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:535
msgid ""
"The state has an important role to play in fostering the use and adoption of "
"the commons. State programs and funding can deliberately contribute to and "
msgstr ""
#. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><sect1><figure><mediaobject><textobject><phrase>
-#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:506
-#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:513
+#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:542
+#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:548
msgid "Enterprise engagement with commons, state and market."
msgstr ""
#. type: Attribute 'fileref' of: <book><part><chapter><sect1><figure><mediaobject><imageobject><imagedata>
-#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:510
+#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:546
msgid "Pictures/10000201000008000000045C30360249076453E6.png"
msgstr ""
#. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><sect1><figure>
-#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:508
-#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:557
-#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:675
-#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:804
-#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:846
-#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:934
+#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:544
+#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:593
+#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:711
+#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:844
+#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:888
+#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:978
msgid "<placeholder type=\"mediaobject\" id=\"0\"/>"
msgstr ""
#. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><sect1><para>
-#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:519
+#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:553
msgid ""
"It’s helpful to understand how the commons, market, and state manage "
"resources differently, and not just for those who consider themselves "
msgstr ""
#. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><sect1><title>
-#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:530
+#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:564
msgid "The Four Aspects of a Resource"
msgstr ""
#. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><sect1><para><footnote><para>
-#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:535
+#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:570
msgid ""
"Daniel H. Cole, <quote>Learning from Lin: Lessons and Cautions from the "
"Natural Commons for the Knowledge Commons,</quote> in Governing Knowledge "
msgstr ""
#. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><sect1><para>
-#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:532
+#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:566
msgid ""
"As part of her Nobel Prize–winning work, Elinor Ostrom developed a framework "
"for analyzing how natural resources are managed in a commons.<placeholder "
msgstr ""
#. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><sect1><para>
-#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:548
+#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:584
msgid ""
"To compare and contrast the ways in which the commons, market, and state "
"work, let’s consider four aspects of resource management: resource "
msgstr ""
#. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><sect1><figure><mediaobject><textobject><phrase>
-#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:556
-#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:562
+#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:592
+#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:597
msgid "Four aspects of resource management"
msgstr ""
#. type: Attribute 'fileref' of: <book><part><chapter><sect1><figure><mediaobject><imageobject><imagedata>
-#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:559
+#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:595
msgid "Pictures/10000201000007D0000007D0ACF13F8B71EAF0B9.png"
msgstr ""
#. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><sect1><sect2><title>
-#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:568
+#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:602
msgid "Characteristics"
msgstr ""
#. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><sect1><sect2><para>
-#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:570
+#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:604
msgid ""
"Resources have particular characteristics or attributes that affect the way "
"they can be used. Some resources are natural; others are human produced. And—"
msgstr ""
#. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><sect1><sect2><para>
-#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:577
+#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:611
msgid ""
"Physical resources exist in limited supply. If I have a physical resource "
"and give it to you, I no longer have it. When a resource is removed and "
msgstr ""
#. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><sect1><sect2><para>
-#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:588
+#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:622
msgid ""
"Physical resources are depletable, exclusive, and rivalrous. Digital "
"resources, on the other hand, are nondepletable, nonexclusive, and "
msgstr ""
#. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><sect1><sect2><para>
-#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:598
+#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:632
msgid ""
"The nondepletable, nonexclusive, and nonrivalrous nature of digital "
"resources means the rules and norms for managing them can (and ought to) be "
msgstr ""
#. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><sect1><sect2><para>
-#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:606
+#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:640
msgid ""
"Our case studies frequently manage hybrid resources, which start out as "
"digital with the possibility of being made into a physical resource. The "
msgstr ""
#. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><sect1><sect2><para>
-#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:617
+#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:651
msgid ""
"Beyond this idea of physical versus digital, the commons, market, and state "
"conceive of resources differently (see Fig. 3). The market sees resources "
msgstr ""
#. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><sect1><sect2><title>
-#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:628
+#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:662
msgid "People and processes"
msgstr ""
#. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><sect1><sect2><para>
-#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:630
+#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:664
msgid ""
"In the commons, the market, and the state, different people and processes "
"are used to manage resources. The processes used define both who has a say "
msgstr ""
#. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><sect1><sect2><para>
-#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:635
+#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:669
msgid ""
"In the state, a government of elected officials is responsible for managing "
"resources on behalf of the public. The citizens who produce and use those "
msgstr ""
#. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><sect1><sect2><para>
-#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:644
+#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:678
msgid ""
"In the market, the people involved are producers, buyers, sellers, and "
"consumers. Businesses act as intermediaries between those who produce "
msgstr ""
#. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><sect1><sect2><para><footnote><para>
-#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:655
+#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:690
msgid ""
"Max Haiven, Crises of Imagination, Crises of Power: Capitalism, Creativity "
"and the Commons (New York: Zed Books, 2014), 93."
msgstr ""
#. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><sect1><sect2><para>
-#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:653
+#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:687
msgid ""
"In contrast to the state and market, resources in a commons are managed more "
"directly by the people involved.<placeholder type=\"footnote\" id=\"0\"/> "
msgstr ""
#. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><sect1><sect2><figure><mediaobject><textobject><phrase>
-#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:673
-#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:680
+#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:709
+#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:715
msgid "How the market, commons and state concieve of resources."
msgstr ""
#. type: Attribute 'fileref' of: <book><part><chapter><sect1><sect2><figure><mediaobject><imageobject><imagedata>
-#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:677
+#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:713
msgid "Pictures/10000201000009C40000065D9EC4F530BD4DFBE0.png"
msgstr ""
#. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><sect1><sect2><title>
-#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:687
+#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:721
msgid "Norms and rules"
msgstr ""
#. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><sect1><sect2><para>
-#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:689
+#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:723
msgid ""
"The social interactions between people, and the processes used by the state, "
"market, and commons, evolve social norms and rules. These norms and rules "
msgstr ""
#. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><sect1><sect2><para>
-#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:695
+#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:729
msgid ""
"State authority is governed by national constitutions. Norms related to "
"priorities and decision making are defined by elected officials and "
msgstr ""
#. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><sect1><sect2><para>
-#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:703
+#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:737
msgid ""
"Market norms are influenced by economics and competition for scarce "
"resources. Market rules follow property, business, and financial laws "
msgstr ""
#. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><sect1><sect2><para><footnote><para>
-#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:715
+#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:750
msgid "Bollier, Think Like a Commoner, 175."
msgstr ""
#. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><sect1><sect2><para>
-#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:708
+#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:742
msgid ""
"As with the market, a commons can be influenced by state policies, "
"regulations, and laws. But the norms and rules of a commons are largely "
msgstr ""
#. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><sect1><sect2><title>
-#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:720
+#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:756
msgid "Goals"
msgstr ""
#. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><sect1><sect2><para>
-#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:722
+#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:758
msgid ""
"The combination of the aspects we’ve discussed so far—the resource’s "
"inherent characteristics, people and processes, and norms and rules—shape "
msgstr ""
#. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><sect1><sect2><para><footnote><para>
-#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:734
+#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:771
msgid ""
"Joshua Farley and Ida Kubiszewski, <quote>The Economics of Information in a "
"Post-Carbon Economy,</quote> in Free Knowledge: Confronting the "
msgstr ""
#. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><sect1><sect2><para>
-#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:729
+#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:765
msgid ""
"In the market, the focus is on maximizing the utility of a resource. What we "
"pay for the goods we consume is seen as an objective measure of the utility "
msgstr ""
#. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><sect1><sect2><para>
-#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:744
+#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:782
msgid ""
"The state aims to use and manage resources in a way that balances the "
"economy with the social and cultural needs of its citizens. Health care, "
msgstr ""
#. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><sect1><sect2><para>
-#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:753
+#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:791
msgid ""
"In the commons, the goal is maximizing access, equity, distribution, "
"participation, innovation, and sustainability. You can measure success by "
msgstr ""
#. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><sect1><sect2><para>
-#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:762
+#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:800
msgid ""
"As hybrid combinations of the commons with the market or state, the success "
"and sustainability of all our case study enterprises depends on their "
msgstr ""
#. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><sect1><title>
-#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:770
+#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:808
msgid "A Short History of the Commons"
msgstr ""
#. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><sect1><para>
-#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:772
+#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:810
msgid ""
"Using the commons to manage resources is part of a long historical "
"continuum. However, in contemporary society, the market and the state "
msgstr ""
#. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><sect1><para>
-#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:781
+#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:819
msgid ""
"But the more than 1.1 billion resources licensed with Creative Commons "
"around the world are indications of a grassroots move toward the commons. "
msgstr ""
#. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><sect1><para><footnote><para>
-#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:792
+#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:831
msgid ""
"Rowe, Our Common Wealth, 19; and Heather Menzies, Reclaiming the Commons for "
"the Common Good: A Memoir and Manifesto (Gabriola Island, BC: New Society, "
msgstr ""
#. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><sect1><para>
-#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:788
+#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:826
msgid ""
"For centuries, indigenous people and preindustrialized societies managed "
"resources, including water, food, firewood, irrigation, fish, wild game, and "
msgstr ""
#. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><sect1><figure><mediaobject><textobject><phrase>
-#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:803
-#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:809
+#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:843
+#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:848
msgid "In preindustrialized society."
msgstr ""
#. type: Attribute 'fileref' of: <book><part><chapter><sect1><figure><mediaobject><imageobject><imagedata>
-#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:806
+#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:846
msgid "Pictures/10000201000009C4000005153EACBD62F00F6BA9.png"
msgstr ""
#. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><sect1><para><footnote><para>
-#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:818
+#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:857
msgid "Bollier, Think Like a Commoner, 55–78."
msgstr ""
#. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><sect1><para><footnote><para>
-#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:822
+#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:863
msgid ""
"Fritjof Capra and Ugo Mattei, The Ecology of Law: Toward a Legal System in "
"Tune with Nature and Community (Oakland, CA: Berrett-Koehler, 2015), 46–57; "
msgstr ""
#. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><sect1><para>
-#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:815
+#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:853
msgid ""
"This is followed by a long history of the state (a monarchy or ruler) taking "
"over the commons for their own purposes. This is called enclosure of the "
msgstr ""
#. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><sect1><para>
-#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:831
+#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:873
msgid ""
"Holdings of land, water, and game were distributed to ruling family and "
"political appointees. Commoners displaced from the land migrated to cities. "
msgstr ""
#. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><sect1><figure><mediaobject><textobject><phrase>
-#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:845
-#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:851
+#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:887
+#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:892
msgid "The commons is gradually superseded by the state."
msgstr ""
#. type: Attribute 'fileref' of: <book><part><chapter><sect1><figure><mediaobject><imageobject><imagedata>
-#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:848
+#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:890
msgid "Pictures/10000201000009C4000005150F069409C1CC12F0.png"
msgstr ""
#. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><sect1><para>
-#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:857
+#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:897
msgid ""
"However, the world today is going through turbulent times. The benefits of "
"the market have been offset by unequal distribution and overexploitation."
msgstr ""
#. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><sect1><para>
-#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:862
+#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:902
msgid ""
"Overexploitation was the topic of Garrett Hardin’s influential essay "
"<quote>The Tragedy of the Commons,</quote> published in Science in 1968. "
msgstr ""
#. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><sect1><para><footnote><para>
-#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:890
+#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:931
msgid ""
"Brett M. Frischmann, Michael J. Madison, and Katherine J. Strandburg, "
"<quote>Governing Knowledge Commons,</quote> in Frischmann, Madison, and "
msgstr ""
#. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><sect1><para>
-#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:873
+#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:913
msgid ""
"However, there is one serious flaw with Hardin’s <quote>The Tragedy of the "
"Commons</quote>—it’s fiction. Hardin did not actually study how real commons "
msgstr ""
#. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><sect1><para>
-#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:897
+#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:939
msgid ""
"Hardin failed to consider the actual social dynamic of the commons. His "
"model assumed that people in the commons act autonomously, out of pure self-"
msgstr ""
#. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><sect1><para><footnote><para>
-#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:913
+#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:956
msgid ""
"Farley and Kubiszewski, <quote>Economics of Information,</quote> in Elliott "
"and Hepting, Free Knowledge, 203."
msgstr ""
#. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><sect1><para>
-#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:909
+#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:951
msgid ""
"Hardin’s story is based on the premise of depletable resources. Economists "
"have focused almost exclusively on scarcity-based markets. Very little is "
msgstr ""
#. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><sect1><para>
-#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:925
+#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:969
msgid ""
"When it comes to use of state funds to create digital goods, however, there "
"is really no justification for artificial scarcity. The norm for state "
msgstr ""
#. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><sect1><figure><mediaobject><textobject><phrase>
-#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:932
-#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:939
+#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:976
+#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:982
msgid "How the market, the state and the commons look today."
msgstr ""
#. type: Attribute 'fileref' of: <book><part><chapter><sect1><figure><mediaobject><imageobject><imagedata>
-#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:936
+#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:980
msgid "Pictures/10000201000009C400000515F1CAA15B223F6BAF.png"
msgstr ""
#. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><sect1><title>
-#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:946
+#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:988
msgid "The Digital Revolution"
msgstr ""
#. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><sect1><para>
-#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:948
+#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:990
msgid ""
"In the early days of computing, programmers and developers learned from each "
"other by sharing software. In the 1980s, the free-software movement codified "
msgstr ""
#. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><sect1><itemizedlist><listitem><para>
-#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:956
+#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:998
msgid "The freedom to run a software program as you wish, for any purpose."
msgstr ""
#. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><sect1><itemizedlist><listitem><para>
-#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:962
+#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:1004
msgid ""
"The freedom to study how a software program works (because access to the "
"source code has been freely given), and change it so it does your computing "
msgstr ""
#. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><sect1><itemizedlist><listitem><para>
-#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:969
+#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:1011
msgid "The freedom to redistribute copies."
msgstr ""
#. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><sect1><itemizedlist><listitem><para><footnote><para>
-#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:975
+#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:1019
msgid ""
"<quote>What Is Free Software?</quote> GNU Operating System, the Free "
"Software Foundation’s Licensing and Compliance Lab, accessed December 30, "
msgstr ""
#. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><sect1><itemizedlist><listitem><para>
-#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:974
+#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:1016
msgid ""
"The freedom to distribute copies of your modified versions to others."
"<placeholder type=\"footnote\" id=\"0\"/>"
msgstr ""
#. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><sect1><para>
-#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:984
+#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:1029
msgid ""
"These principles and freedoms constitute a set of norms and rules that "
"typify a digital commons."
msgstr ""
#. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><sect1><para><footnote><para>
-#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:999
+#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:1045
msgid ""
"Wikipedia, s.v. <quote>Open-source software,</quote> last modified November "
"22, 2016."
msgstr ""
#. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><sect1><para>
-#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:988
+#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:1033
msgid ""
"In the late 1990s, to make the sharing of source code and collaboration more "
"appealing to companies, the open-source-software initiative converted these "
msgstr ""
#. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><sect1><para><footnote><para>
-#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:1014
+#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:1062
msgid ""
"Eric S. Raymond, <quote>The Magic Cauldron,</quote> in The Cathedral and the "
"Bazaar: Musings on Linux and Open Source by an Accidental Revolutionary, "
msgstr ""
#. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><sect1><para>
-#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:1006
+#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:1053
msgid ""
"While open-source software functions as a commons, many businesses and "
"markets did build up around it. Business models based on the licenses and "
msgstr ""
#. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><sect1><para>
-#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:1023
+#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:1072
msgid ""
"It isn’t just about an abundant availability of digital assets but also "
"about abundance of participation. The growth of personal computing, "
msgstr ""
#. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><sect1><para><footnote><para>
-#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:1042
+#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:1092
msgid ""
"New York Times Customer Insight Group, The Psychology of Sharing: Why Do "
"People Share Online? (New York: New York Times Customer Insight Group, "
msgstr ""
#. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><sect1><para>
-#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:1036
+#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:1085
msgid ""
"But people like to share. One of the ways we define ourselves is by sharing "
"valuable and entertaining content. Doing so grows and nourishes "
msgstr ""
#. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><sect1><title>
-#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:1050
+#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:1101
#, fuzzy
#| msgid "Made With Creative Commons"
msgid "The Birth of Creative Commons"
msgstr "Зроблено з Creative Commons"
#. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><sect1><para>
-#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:1052
+#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:1103
msgid ""
"In 2001, Creative Commons was created as a nonprofit to support all those "
"who wanted to share digital content. A suite of Creative Commons licenses "
msgstr ""
#. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><sect1><para><footnote><para>
-#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:1072
+#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:1125
msgid ""
"<quote>Licensing Considerations,</quote> Creative Commons, accessed December "
"30, 2016, <ulink url=\"http://creativecommons.org/share-your-work/licensing-"
msgstr ""
#. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><sect1><para>
-#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:1061
+#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:1112
msgid ""
"Creative Commons licenses have a three-layer design. The norms and rules of "
"each license are first expressed in full legal language as used by lawyers. "
msgstr ""
#. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><sect1><para>
-#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:1080
+#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:1134
msgid ""
"In 2015, there were over one billion Creative Commons licensed works in a "
"global commons. These works were viewed online 136 billion times. People are "
msgstr ""
#. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><sect1><para><footnote><para>
-#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:1093
+#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:1148
msgid ""
"Creative Commons, 2015 State of the Commons (Mountain View, CA: Creative "
"Commons, 2015), <ulink url=\"http://stateof.creativecommons.org/2015/\"/>."
msgstr ""
#. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><sect1><para>
-#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:1088
+#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:1142
msgid ""
"Individual artists, photographers, musicians, and filmmakers use Creative "
"Commons, but so do museums, governments, creative industries, manufacturers, "
msgstr ""
#. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><sect1><para>
-#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:1101
+#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:1157
msgid ""
"Some see Creative Commons as a way to share a gift with others, a way of "
"getting known, or a way to provide social benefit. Others are simply "
msgstr ""
#. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><sect1><para>
-#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:1113
+#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:1169
msgid ""
"Over time, Creative Commons has spawned a range of open movements, including "
"open educational resources, open access, open science, and open data. The "
msgstr ""
#. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><sect1><para><footnote><para>
-#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:1126
+#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:1183
msgid ""
"Wikipedia, s.v. <quote>Open Government Partnership,</quote> last modified "
"September 24, 2016, <ulink url=\"http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/"
msgstr ""
#. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><sect1><para>
-#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:1121
+#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:1177
msgid ""
"The state is increasingly involved in supporting open movements. The Open "
"Government Partnership was launched in 2011 to provide an international "
msgstr ""
#. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><sect1><title>
-#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:1137
+#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:1195
msgid "The Changing Market"
msgstr ""
#. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><sect1><para><footnote><para>
-#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:1145
+#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:1204
msgid "Capra and Mattei, Ecology of Law, 114."
msgstr ""
#. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><sect1><para><footnote><para>
-#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:1153
+#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:1214
msgid "Ibid., 116."
msgstr ""
#. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><sect1><para>
-#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:1139
+#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:1197
msgid ""
"Today’s market is largely driven by global capitalism. Law and financial "
"systems are structured to support extraction, privatization, and corporate "
msgstr ""
#. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><sect1><para><footnote><para>
-#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:1163
+#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:1226
msgid ""
"The Swedish International Development Cooperation Agency, <quote>Stockholm "
"Statement</quote> accessed February 15, 2017, <ulink url=\"http://sida.se/"
msgstr ""
#. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><sect1><para>
-#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:1157
+#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:1219
msgid ""
"In light of these challenges there is a growing recognition that GDP growth "
"should not be an end in itself, that development needs to be socially and "
msgstr ""
#. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><sect1><para><footnote><para>
-#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:1175
+#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:1240
msgid ""
"City of Bologna, Regulation on Collaboration between Citizens and the City "
"for the Care and Regeneration of Urban Commons, trans. LabGov (LABoratory "
msgstr ""
#. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><sect1><para><footnote><para>
-#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:1185
+#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:1252
msgid ""
"The Seoul Sharing City website is <ulink url=\"http://english.sharehub.kr\"/"
">; for Amsterdam Sharing City, go to <ulink url=\"http://www.sharenl.nl/"
msgstr ""
#. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><sect1><para>
-#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:1170
+#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:1234
msgid ""
"These realizations have led to a resurgence of interest in the commons as a "
"means of enabling that balance. City governments like Bologna, Italy, are "
msgstr ""
#. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><sect1><para><footnote><para>
-#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:1202
+#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:1271
msgid ""
"Tom Slee, What’s Yours Is Mine: Against the Sharing Economy (New York: OR "
"Books, 2015), 42."
msgstr ""
#. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><sect1><para>
-#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:1192
+#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:1260
msgid ""
"The market itself has taken an interest in the sharing economy, with "
"businesses like Airbnb providing a peer-to-peer marketplace for short-term "
msgstr ""
#. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><sect1><para><footnote><para>
-#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:1224
+#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:1295
msgid ""
"Chris Anderson, Free: How Today’s Smartest Businesses Profit by Giving "
"Something for Nothing, Reprint with new preface. (New York: Hyperion, "
msgstr ""
#. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><sect1><para>
-#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:1214
+#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:1284
msgid ""
"One way Made with Creative Commons case studies differ from those of the "
"sharing economy is their focus on digital resources. Digital resources "
msgstr ""
#. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><sect1><para>
-#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:1230
+#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:1302
msgid ""
"Those that are Made with Creative Commons are looking to leverage the unique "
"inherent characteristics of digital resources, including lowering costs. The "
msgstr ""
#. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><sect1><para><footnote><para>
-#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:1249
+#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:1322
msgid ""
"Jeremy Rifkin, The Zero Marginal Cost Society: The Internet of Things, the "
"Collaborative Commons, and the Eclipse of Capitalism (New York: Palgrave "
msgstr ""
#. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><sect1><para>
-#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:1244
+#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:1316
msgid ""
"The incremental cost of storing, copying, and distributing digital goods is "
"next to zero, making abundance possible. But imagining a market based on "
msgstr ""
#. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><sect1><para>
-#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:1257
+#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:1331
msgid ""
"Some are looking to minimize their interactions with the market and operate "
"as autonomously as possible. Others are operating largely as a business "
msgstr ""
#. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><sect1><para><footnote><para>
-#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:1271
+#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:1346
msgid ""
"Gar Alperovitz, What Then Must We Do? Straight Talk about the Next American "
"Revolution: Democratizing Wealth and Building a Community-Sustaining Economy "
msgstr ""
#. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><sect1><para><footnote><para>
-#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:1280
+#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:1357
msgid ""
"Marjorie Kelly, Owning Our Future: The Emerging Ownership Revolution; "
"Journeys to a Generative Economy (San Francisco: Berrett-Koehler, 2012), 8–9."
msgstr ""
#. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><sect1><para>
-#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:1264
+#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:1338
msgid ""
"For an ordinary corporation, making social benefit a part of its operations "
"is difficult, as it’s legally required to make decisions that financially "
msgstr ""
#. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><sect1><para><footnote><para>
-#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:1292
+#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:1372
msgid ""
"Alex Osterwalder and Yves Pigneur, Business Model Generation (Hoboken, NJ: "
"John Wiley and Sons, 2010). A preview of the book is available at <ulink url="
msgstr ""
#. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><sect1><para>
-#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:1285
+#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:1364
msgid ""
"<quote>A book on open business models</quote> is how we described it in this "
"book’s Kickstarter campaign. We used a handbook called Business Model "
msgstr ""
#. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><sect1><para><footnote><para>
-#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:1302
+#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:1384
msgid ""
"This business model canvas is available to download at <ulink url=\"http://"
"strategyzer.com/canvas/business-model-canvas\"/>."
msgstr ""
#. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><sect1><para><footnote><para>
-#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:1310
+#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:1394
msgid ""
"We’ve made the <quote>Open Business Model Canvas,</quote> designed by the "
"coauthor Paul Stacey, available online at <ulink url=\"http://docs.google."
msgstr ""
#. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><sect1><para>
-#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:1299
+#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:1380
msgid ""
"It contains a <quote>business model canvas,</quote> which conceives of a "
"business model as having nine building blocks.<placeholder type=\"footnote\" "
msgstr ""
#. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><sect1><para>
-#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:1320
+#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:1405
msgid ""
"In our case study interviews, many expressed discomfort over describing "
"themselves as an open business model—the term business model suggested "
msgstr ""
#. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><sect1><para><footnote><para>
-#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:1342
+#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:1428
msgid ""
"A more comprehensive list of revenue streams is available in this post I "
"wrote on Medium on March 6, 2016. <quote>What Is an Open Business Model and "
msgstr ""
#. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><sect1><para>
-#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:1333
+#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:1418
msgid ""
"The creators, businesses, and organizations we profile all engage with the "
"market to generate revenue in some way. The ways in which this is done vary "
msgstr ""
#. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><sect1><title>
-#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:1354
+#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:1441
msgid "Benefits of the Digital Commons"
msgstr ""
#. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><sect1><para>
-#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:1356
+#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:1443
msgid ""
"While it may be clear why commons-based organizations want to interact and "
"engage with the market (they need money to survive), it may be less obvious "
msgstr ""
#. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><sect1><para>
-#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:1362
+#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:1449
msgid ""
"The commons speeds dissemination. The free flow of resources in the commons "
"offers tremendous economies of scale. Distribution is decentralized, with "
msgstr ""
#. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><sect1><para>
-#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:1371
+#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:1458
msgid ""
"The commons ensures access to all. The market has traditionally operated by "
"putting resources behind a paywall requiring payment first before access. "
msgstr ""
#. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><sect1><para>
-#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:1384
+#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:1471
msgid ""
"The commons maximizes participation. Resources in the commons can be used "
"and contributed to by everyone. Using the resources of others, contributing "
msgstr ""
#. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><sect1><para><footnote><para>
-#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:1406
+#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:1494
msgid ""
"Henry Chesbrough, Open Innovation: The New Imperative for Creating and "
"Profiting from Technology (Boston: Harvard Business Review Press, 2006), 31–"
msgstr ""
#. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><sect1><para>
-#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:1397
+#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:1484
msgid ""
"The commons spurs innovation. Resources in the hands of more people who can "
"use them leads to new ideas. The way commons resources can be modified, "
msgstr ""
#. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><sect1><para>
-#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:1415
+#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:1504
msgid ""
"The commons boosts reach and impact. The digital commons is global. "
"Resources may be created for a local or regional need, but they go far and "
msgstr ""
#. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><sect1><para>
-#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:1428
+#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:1517
msgid ""
"The commons is generative. Instead of extracting value, the commons adds "
"value. Digitized resources persist without becoming depleted, and through "
msgstr ""
#. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><sect1><para>
-#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:1442
+#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:1531
msgid ""
"The commons brings people together for a common cause. The commons vests "
"people directly with the responsibility to manage the resources for the "
msgstr ""
#. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><sect1><para>
-#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:1457
+#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:1546
msgid ""
"The benefits of the commons are many. When these benefits align with the "
"goals of individuals, communities, businesses in the market, or state "
msgstr ""
#. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><sect1><title>
-#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:1464
+#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:1553
msgid "Our Case Studies"
msgstr ""
#. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><sect1><para>
-#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:1466
+#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:1555
msgid ""
"The creators, organizations, and businesses in our case studies operate as "
"nonprofits, for-profits, and social enterprises. Regardless of legal "
msgstr ""
#. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><sect1><para>
-#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:1478
+#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:1567
msgid ""
"The case studies are based on the narratives told to us by founders and key "
"staff. Instead of solely using financials as the measure of success and "
msgstr ""
#. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><sect1><para>
-#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:1486
+#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:1575
msgid ""
"Our case studies are diverse, ranging from publishing to education and "
"manufacturing. All of the organizations, businesses, and creators in the "
msgstr ""
#. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><sect1><para>
-#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:1496
+#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:1585
msgid ""
"They are creating new resources, or using the resources of others, or mixing "
"existing resources together to make something new. They, and their audience, "
msgstr ""
#. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><sect1><para>
-#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:1504
+#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:1593
msgid ""
"And as users of Creative Commons licenses, they are automatically part of a "
"global community. The new digital commons is global. Those we profiled come "
msgstr ""
#. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><sect1><para>
-#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:1511
+#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:1600
msgid ""
"Creative Commons licenses may express legal rules around the use of "
"resources in a commons, but success in the commons requires more than "
msgstr ""
#. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><sect1><para>
-#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:1524
+#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:1613
msgid ""
"The new digital commons is here to stay. Made With Creative Commons case "
"studies show how it’s possible to be part of this commons while still "
msgstr ""
#. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><sect1><para>
-#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:1533
+#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:1622
msgid ""
"Enterprise use of Creative Commons has only just begun. The case studies in "
"this book are merely starting points. Each is changing and evolving over "
msgstr ""
#. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><title>
-#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:1544
+#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:1634
#, fuzzy
#| msgid "Made With Creative Commons"
msgid "How to Be Made with Creative Commons"
msgstr "Зроблено з Creative Commons"
#. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para>
-#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:1546
+#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:1636
msgid "Sarah Hinchliff Pearson"
msgstr ""
#. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para>
-#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:1549
+#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:1639
msgid ""
"When we began this project in August 2015, we set out to write a book about "
"business models that involve Creative Commons licenses in some significant "
msgstr ""
#. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para>
-#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:1565
+#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:1655
msgid ""
"We analyzed the revenue models, customer segments, and value propositions of "
"each endeavor. We searched for ways that putting their content under "
msgstr ""
#. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para>
-#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:1575
+#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:1665
msgid ""
"In fairly short order, we realized the book we set out to write was quite "
"different from the one that was revealing itself in our interviews and "
msgstr ""
#. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para>
-#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:1580
+#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:1670
msgid ""
"It isn’t that we were wrong to think you can make money while using Creative "
"Commons licenses. In many instances, CC can help make you more money. Nor "
msgstr ""
#. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para><footnote><para>
-#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:1593
+#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:1684
msgid ""
"Alex Osterwalder and Yves Pigneur, Business Model Generation (Hoboken, NJ: "
"John Wiley and Sons, 2010), 14. A preview of the book is available at <ulink "
msgstr ""
#. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para>
-#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:1589
+#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:1679
msgid ""
"According to the seminal handbook Business Model Generation, a business "
"model <quote>describes the rationale of how an organization creates, "
msgstr ""
#. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para>
-#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:1605
+#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:1697
msgid ""
"Eventually, we got it. Being Made with Creative Commons is more than a "
"business model. While we will talk about specific revenue models as one "
msgstr ""
#. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para>
-#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:1612
+#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:1704
msgid ""
"Admittedly, it took me a long time to get there. When Paul and I divided up "
"our writing after finishing the research, my charge was to distill "
msgstr ""
#. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para>
-#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:1622
+#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:1714
msgid ""
"In every interview, we started from the same simple questions. Amid all the "
"diversity among the creators, organizations, and businesses we profiled, "
msgstr ""
#. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para>
-#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:1634
+#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:1726
msgid ""
"But we also started to realize something about what it means to be Made with "
"Creative Commons. When people talked to us about how and why they used CC, "
msgstr ""
#. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para>
-#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:1642
+#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:1734
msgid ""
"At one level, being Made with Creative Commons expresses an affinity for the "
"value of Creative Commons. While there are many different flavors of CC "
msgstr ""
#. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para>
-#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:1656
+#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:1748
msgid ""
"Whether the public makes use of the opportunity to copy and adapt your work, "
"sharing with a Creative Commons license is a symbol of how you want to "
msgstr ""
#. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para>
-#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:1668
+#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:1760
msgid ""
"Being Made with Creative Commons not only demonstrates values connected to "
"CC and sharing. It also demonstrates that something other than profit drives "
msgstr ""
#. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para><footnote><para>
-#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:1681
+#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:1774
msgid ""
"Cory Doctorow, Information Doesn’t Want to Be Free: Laws for the Internet "
"Age (San Francisco, CA: McSweeney’s, 2014) 68."
msgstr ""
#. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para>
-#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:1676
+#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:1768
msgid ""
"The driving motivation varies depending on the type of endeavor. For "
"individual creators, it is most often about personal inspiration. In some "
msgstr ""
#. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para>
-#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:1693
+#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:1787
msgid ""
"Many that are Made with Creative Commons have an express social mission that "
"underpins everything they do. In many cases, sharing with Creative Commons "
msgstr ""
#. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para>
-#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:1703
+#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:1797
msgid ""
"This dynamic is probably one reason why there are so many nonprofit examples "
"of being Made with Creative Commons. The content is the result of a labor of "
msgstr ""
#. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para>
-#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:1713
+#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:1807
msgid ""
"Even if profit isn’t the end goal, you have to bring in money to be "
"successfully Made with Creative Commons. At a bare minimum, you have to make "
msgstr ""
#. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para>
-#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:1718
+#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:1812
msgid ""
"The costs of doing business vary widely for those made with CC, but there is "
"generally a much lower threshold for sustainability than there used to be "
msgstr ""
#. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para><footnote><para>
-#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:1735
+#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:1830
msgid "Ibid., 55."
msgstr ""
#. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para>
-#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:1730
+#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:1824
msgid ""
"Some creation costs are the same as they always were. It takes the same "
"amount of time and money to write a peer-reviewed journal article or paint a "
msgstr ""
#. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para><footnote><para>
-#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:1747
+#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:1844
msgid ""
"Chris Anderson, Free: How Today’s Smartest Businesses Profit by Giving "
"Something for Nothing, reprint with new preface (New York: Hyperion, 2010), "
msgstr ""
#. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para>
-#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:1744
+#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:1840
msgid ""
"Distributing content is almost universally cheaper than ever. Once content "
"is created, the costs to distribute copies digitally are essentially zero."
msgstr ""
#. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para><footnote><para>
-#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:1769
+#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:1868
msgid "Doctorow, Information Doesn’t Want to Be Free, 44."
msgstr ""
#. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para>
-#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:1759
+#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:1857
msgid ""
"It’s important to recognize that the biggest impact of technology on "
"creative endeavors is that creators can now foot the costs of creation and "
msgstr ""
#. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para>
-#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:1776
+#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:1876
msgid ""
"Whether for an individual creator or a larger endeavor, it usually isn’t "
"enough to break even if you want to make what you’re doing a livelihood. You "
msgstr ""
#. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para>
-#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:1789
+#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:1889
msgid ""
"This book is a testament to the notion that it is possible to make money "
"while using CC licenses and CC-licensed content, but we are still very much "
msgstr ""
#. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para>
-#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:1797
+#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:1897
msgid ""
"There are, however, plenty of ways in which CC licensing can be good for "
"business in fairly predictable ways. The first is how it helps solve "
msgstr ""
#. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><sect1><title>
-#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:1802
+#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:1902
msgid "Problem Zero: Getting Discovered"
msgstr ""
#. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><sect1><para><footnote><para>
-#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:1809
+#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:1910
msgid ""
"Amanda Palmer, The Art of Asking: Or How I Learned to Stop Worrying and Let "
"People Help (New York: Grand Central, 2014), 121."
msgstr ""
#. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><sect1><para><footnote><para>
-#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:1824
+#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:1927
msgid ""
"Chris Anderson, Makers: The New Industrial Revolution (New York: Signal, "
"2012), 64."
msgstr ""
#. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><sect1><para>
-#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:1804
+#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:1904
msgid ""
"Once you create or collect your content, the next step is finding users, "
"customers, fans—in other words, your people. As Amanda Palmer wrote, "
msgstr ""
#. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><sect1><para><footnote><para>
-#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:1838
+#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:1943
msgid ""
"David Bollier, Think Like a Commoner: A Short Introduction to the Life of "
"the Commons (Gabriola Island, BC: New Society, 2014), 70."
msgstr ""
#. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><sect1><para><footnote><para>
-#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:1845
+#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:1952
msgid "Anderson, Makers, 66."
msgstr ""
#. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><sect1><para><footnote><para>
-#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:1850
+#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:1959
msgid ""
"Bryan Kramer, Shareology: How Sharing Is Powering the Human Economy (New "
"York: Morgan James, 2016), 10."
msgstr ""
#. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><sect1><para>
-#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:1830
+#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:1934
msgid ""
"While finding <quote>your people</quote> online is theoretically easier than "
"in the analog world, as a practical matter it can still be difficult to "
msgstr ""
#. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><sect1><para><footnote><para>
-#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:1864
+#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:1975
msgid "Anderson, Free, 62."
msgstr ""
#. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><sect1><para>
-#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:1856
+#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:1966
msgid ""
"When you come to the Internet armed with an all-rights-reserved mentality "
"from the start, you are often restricting access to your work before there "
msgstr ""
#. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><sect1><para><footnote><para>
-#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:1878
+#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:1991
msgid "Doctorow, Information Doesn’t Want to Be Free, 38."
msgstr ""
#. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><sect1><para>
-#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:1874
+#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:1986
msgid ""
"Of course, it’s not that being discovered by people who like your work will "
"make you rich—far from it. But as Cory Doctorow says, <quote>Recognition is "
msgstr ""
#. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><sect1><para>
-#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:1882
+#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:1996
msgid ""
"Choosing not to spend time and energy restricting access to your work and "
"policing infringement also builds goodwill. Lumen Learning, a for-profit "
msgstr ""
#. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><sect1><para><footnote><para>
-#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:1900
+#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:2015
msgid "Bollier, Think Like a Commoner, 68."
msgstr ""
#. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><sect1><para>
-#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:1893
+#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:2007
msgid ""
"It is not just that restricting access to your work may undermine your "
"social mission. It also may alienate the people who most value your creative "
msgstr ""
#. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><sect1><para>
-#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:1904
+#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:2020
msgid ""
"The fact that copying can carry criminal penalties undoubtedly deters "
"copying it, but copying with the click of a button is too easy and "
msgstr ""
#. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><sect1><para>
-#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:1913
+#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:2029
msgid ""
"If you take some amount of copying and sharing your work as a given, you can "
"invest your time and resources elsewhere, rather than wasting them on "
msgstr ""
#. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><sect1><para><footnote><para>
-#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:1933
+#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:2050
msgid "Anderson, Free, 86."
msgstr ""
#. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><sect1><para>
-#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:1929
+#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:2045
msgid ""
"Being Made with Creative Commons means you stop thinking about ways to "
"artificially make your content scarce, and instead leverage it as the "
msgstr ""
#. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><sect1><para><footnote><para>
-#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:1944
+#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:2063
msgid "Doctorow, Information Doesn’t Want to Be Free, 144."
msgstr ""
#. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><sect1><para>
-#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:1941
+#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:2059
msgid ""
"Cory Doctorow says it costs him nothing when other people make copies of his "
"work, and it opens the possibility that he might get something in return."
msgstr ""
#. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><sect1><para>
-#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:1954
+#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:2074
msgid ""
"There are all kinds of way to leverage the power of sharing and remix to "
"your benefit. Here are a few."
msgstr ""
#. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><sect1><sect2><title>
-#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:1958
+#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:2078
msgid "Use CC to grow a larger audience"
msgstr ""
#. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><sect1><sect2><para>
-#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:1960
+#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:2080
msgid ""
"Putting a Creative Commons license on your content won’t make it "
"automatically go viral, but eliminating legal barriers to copying the work "
msgstr ""
#. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><sect1><sect2><para>
-#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:1972
+#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:2092
msgid ""
"The Conversation is an online news site with in-depth articles written by "
"academics who are experts on particular topics. All of the articles are CC-"
msgstr ""
#. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><sect1><sect2><para><footnote><para>
-#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:1989
+#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:2110
msgid "Anderson, Free, 123."
msgstr ""
#. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><sect1><sect2><para>
-#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:1981
+#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:2101
msgid ""
"The idea that more eyeballs equates with more success is a form of the max "
"strategy, adopted by Google and other technology companies. According to "
msgstr ""
#. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><sect1><sect2><para><footnote><para>
-#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:2003
+#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:2126
msgid "Ibid., 132."
msgstr ""
#. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><sect1><sect2><para><footnote><para>
-#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:2008
+#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:2133
msgid "Ibid., 70."
msgstr ""
#. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><sect1><sect2><para>
-#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:1998
+#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:2120
msgid ""
"If you are successful in reaching more users, readers, listeners, or other "
"consumers of your work, you can start to benefit from the bandwagon effect. "
msgstr ""
#. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><sect1><sect2><title>
-#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:2013
+#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:2139
msgid "Use CC to get attribution and name recognition"
msgstr ""
#. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><sect1><sect2><para><footnote><para>
-#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:2027
+#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:2154
msgid ""
"James Surowiecki, The Wisdom of Crowds (New York: Anchor Books, 2005), 124. "
"Surowiecki says, <quote>The measure of success of laws and contracts is how "
msgstr ""
#. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><sect1><sect2><para>
-#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:2015
+#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:2141
msgid ""
"Every Creative Commons license requires that credit be given to the author, "
"and that reusers supply a link back to the original source of the material. "
msgstr ""
#. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><sect1><sect2><para>
-#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:2038
+#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:2166
msgid ""
"The fact that the name of the creator follows a CC-licensed work makes the "
"licenses an important means to develop a reputation or, in corporate speak, "
msgstr ""
#. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><sect1><sect2><para>
-#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:2052
+#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:2180
msgid ""
"Attribution can be about more than just receiving credit. It can also be "
"about establishing provenance. People naturally want to know where content "
msgstr ""
#. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><sect1><sect2><para>
-#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:2067
+#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:2195
msgid ""
"Knowing the source of a work is also critical to ensuring its credibility. "
"Just as a trademark is designed to give consumers a way to identify the "
msgstr ""
#. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><sect1><sect2><title>
-#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:2077
+#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:2205
msgid "Use CC-licensed content as a marketing tool"
msgstr ""
#. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><sect1><sect2><para>
-#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:2079
+#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:2207
msgid ""
"As we will cover in more detail later, many endeavors that are Made with "
"Creative Commons make money by providing a product or service other than the "
msgstr ""
#. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><sect1><sect2><para><footnote><para>
-#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:2101
+#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:2230
msgid "Anderson, Free, 44."
msgstr ""
#. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><sect1><sect2><para>
-#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:2088
+#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:2216
msgid ""
"Knowledge Unlatched’s Pinter told us she has seen time and again how "
"offering CC-licensed content—that is, digitally for free—actually increases "
msgstr ""
#. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><sect1><sect2><para>
-#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:2105
+#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:2235
msgid ""
"In some cases, endeavors that are Made with Creative Commons do not even "
"need dedicated marketing teams or marketing budgets. Cards Against Humanity "
msgstr ""
#. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><sect1><sect2><title>
-#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:2122
+#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:2252
msgid "Use CC to enable hands-on engagement with your work"
msgstr ""
#. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><sect1><sect2><para>
-#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:2125
+#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:2255
msgid ""
"The great promise of Creative Commons licensing is that it signifies an "
"embrace of remix culture. Indeed, this is the great promise of digital "
msgstr ""
#. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><sect1><sect2><para><footnote><para>
-#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:2139
+#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:2270
msgid "Osterwalder and Pigneur, Business Model Generation, 23."
msgstr ""
#. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><sect1><sect2><para>
-#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:2132
+#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:2262
msgid ""
"Four of the six CC licenses enable reusers to take apart, build upon, or "
"otherwise adapt the work. Depending on the context, adaptation can mean "
msgstr ""
#. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><sect1><sect2><para><footnote><para>
-#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:2152
+#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:2285
msgid "Anderson, Free, 67."
msgstr ""
#. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><sect1><sect2><para><footnote><para>
-#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:2157
+#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:2292
msgid "Ibid., 58."
msgstr ""
#. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><sect1><sect2><para><footnote><para>
-#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:2160
+#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:2297
msgid "Anderson, Makers, 71."
msgstr ""
#. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><sect1><sect2><para><footnote><para>
-#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:2165
+#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:2304
msgid ""
"Clay Shirky, Cognitive Surplus: How Technology Makes Consumers into "
"Collaborators (London: Penguin Books, 2010), 78."
msgstr ""
#. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><sect1><sect2><para>
-#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:2147
+#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:2279
msgid ""
"This is a way to counteract a potential downside of the abundance of free "
"and open content described above. As Anderson wrote in Free, <quote>People "
msgstr ""
#. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><sect1><sect2><para><footnote><para>
-#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:2178
+#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:2319
msgid "Ibid., 21."
msgstr ""
#. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><sect1><sect2><para>
-#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:2171
+#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:2311
msgid ""
"Actively engaging with the content helps us avoid the type of aimless "
"consumption that anyone who has absentmindedly scrolled through their social-"
msgstr ""
#. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><sect1><sect2><title>
-#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:2184
+#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:2326
msgid "Use CC to differentiate yourself"
msgstr ""
#. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><sect1><sect2><para><footnote><para>
-#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:2193
+#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:2336
msgid "Doctorow, Information Doesn’t Want to Be Free, 43."
msgstr ""
#. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><sect1><sect2><para>
-#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:2186
+#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:2328
msgid ""
"Operating under a traditional copyright regime usually means operating under "
"the rules of establishment players in the media. Business strategies that "
msgstr ""
#. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><sect1><title>
-#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:2205
+#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:2349
msgid "Making Money"
msgstr ""
#. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><sect1><para><footnote><para>
-#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:2215
+#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:2360
msgid ""
"William Landes Foster, Peter Kim, and Barbara Christiansen, <quote>Ten "
"Nonprofit Funding Models,</quote> Stanford Social Innovation Review, Spring "
msgstr ""
#. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><sect1><para>
-#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:2207
+#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:2351
msgid ""
"Like any moneymaking endeavor, those that are Made with Creative Commons "
"have to generate some type of value for their audience or customers. "
msgstr ""
#. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><sect1><para><footnote><para>
-#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:2236
+#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:2383
msgid "Shirky, Cognitive Surplus, 111."
msgstr ""
#. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><sect1><para>
-#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:2228
+#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:2374
msgid ""
"Most who are Made with Creative Commons use a variety of methods to bring in "
"revenue, some market-based and some not. One common strategy is using grant "
msgstr ""
#. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><sect1><para>
-#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:2240
+#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:2388
msgid ""
"Our case studies explore in more detail the various revenue-generating "
"mechanisms used by the creators, organizations, and businesses we "
msgstr ""
#. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><sect1><sect2><title>
-#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:2249
+#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:2397
msgid "Market-based revenue streams"
msgstr ""
#. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><sect1><sect2><para><footnote><para>
-#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:2254
+#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:2403
msgid "Osterwalder and Pigneur, Business Model Generation, 30."
msgstr ""
#. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><sect1><sect2><para><footnote><para>
-#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:2261
+#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:2412
msgid ""
"Jim Whitehurst, The Open Organization: Igniting Passion and Performance "
"(Boston: Harvard Business Review Press, 2015), 202."
msgstr ""
#. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><sect1><sect2><para>
-#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:2251
+#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:2399
msgid ""
"In the market, the central question when determining how to bring in revenue "
"is what value people are willing to pay for.<placeholder type=\"footnote\" "
msgstr ""
#. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><sect1><sect2><para><footnote><para>
-#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:2277
+#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:2430
msgid "Anderson, Free, 71."
msgstr ""
#. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><sect1><sect2><para>
-#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:2267
+#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:2419
msgid ""
"In many ways, this is the way of the future for all content-driven "
"endeavors. In the market, value lives in things that are scarce. Because the "
msgstr ""
#. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><sect1><sect2><para><footnote><para>
-#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:2296
+#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:2451
msgid "Ibid., 231."
msgstr ""
#. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><sect1><sect2><para>
-#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:2286
+#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:2440
msgid ""
"Of course, this doesn’t mean that content-driven endeavors have no future in "
"the traditional marketplace. In Free, Anderson explains how when one product "
msgstr ""
#. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><sect1><sect2><para>
-#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:2300
+#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:2456
msgid ""
"In light of this reality, in some ways endeavors that are Made with Creative "
"Commons are at a level playing field with all content-based endeavors in the "
msgstr ""
#. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><sect1><sect2><para>
-#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:2309
+#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:2465
msgid ""
"For content creators and distributors, there are nearly infinite ways to "
"provide value to the consumers of your work, above and beyond the value that "
msgstr ""
#. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><sect1><sect2><para>
-#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:2316
+#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:2472
msgid "Here are the most common high-level categories."
msgstr ""
#. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><sect1><sect2><title>
-#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:2320
+#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:2476
msgid ""
"Providing a custom service to consumers of your work <emphasis>[MARKET-"
"BASED]</emphasis>"
msgstr ""
#. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><sect1><sect2><para><footnote><para>
-#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:2330
+#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:2487
msgid "Ibid., 97."
msgstr ""
#. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><sect1><sect2><para>
-#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:2323
+#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:2479
msgid ""
"In this age of information abundance, we don’t lack for content. The trick "
"is finding content that matches our needs and wants, so customized services "
msgstr ""
#. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><sect1><sect2><title>
-#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:2338
+#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:2496
msgid "Charging for the physical copy <emphasis>[MARKET-BASED]</emphasis>"
msgstr ""
#. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><sect1><sect2><para><footnote><para>
-#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:2345
+#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:2504
msgid "Anderson, Makers, 107."
msgstr ""
#. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><sect1><sect2><para>
-#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:2341
+#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:2499
msgid ""
"In his book about maker culture, Anderson characterizes this model as giving "
"away the bits and selling the atoms (where bits refers to digital content "
msgstr ""
#. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><sect1><sect2><title>
-#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:2369
+#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:2529
msgid "Charging for the in-person version <emphasis>[MARKET-BASED]</emphasis>"
msgstr ""
#. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><sect1><sect2><para>
-#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:2372
+#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:2532
msgid ""
"As anyone who has ever gone to a concert will tell you, experiencing "
"creativity in person is a completely different experience from consuming a "
msgstr ""
#. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><sect1><sect2><title>
-#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:2383
+#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:2543
msgid "Selling merchandise <emphasis>[MARKET-BASED]</emphasis>"
msgstr ""
#. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><sect1><sect2><para>
-#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:2386
+#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:2546
msgid ""
"In many cases, people who like your work will pay for products demonstrating "
"a connection to your work. As a child of the 1980s, I can personally attest "
msgstr ""
#. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><sect1><sect2><para><footnote><para>
-#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:2403
+#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:2564
msgid "Osterwalder and Pigneur, Business Model Generation, 89."
msgstr ""
#. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><sect1><sect2><para>
-#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:2393
+#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:2553
msgid ""
"Sometimes the way to find a market-based revenue stream is by providing "
"value to people other than those who consume your CC-licensed content. In "
msgstr ""
#. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><sect1><sect2><title>
-#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:2410
+#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:2572
msgid "Charging advertisers or sponsors <emphasis>[MARKET-BASED]</emphasis>"
msgstr ""
#. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><sect1><sect2><para><footnote><para>
-#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:2418
+#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:2581
msgid "Ibid., 92."
msgstr ""
#. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><sect1><sect2><para><footnote><para>
-#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:2422
+#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:2587
msgid "Anderson, Free, 142."
msgstr ""
#. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><sect1><sect2><para>
-#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:2413
+#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:2575
msgid ""
"The traditional model of subsidizing free content is advertising. In this "
"version of multi-sided platforms, advertisers pay for the opportunity to "
msgstr ""
#. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><sect1><sect2><title>
-#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:2431
+#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:2597
msgid "Charging your content creators <emphasis>[MARKET-BASED]</emphasis>"
msgstr ""
#. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><sect1><sect2><para>
-#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:2434
+#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:2600
msgid ""
"Another type of multisided platform is where the content creators themselves "
"pay to be featured on the platform. Obviously, this revenue stream is only "
msgstr ""
#. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><sect1><sect2><title>
-#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:2448
+#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:2614
msgid "Charging a transaction fee <emphasis>[MARKET-BASED]</emphasis>"
msgstr ""
#. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><sect1><sect2><para><footnote><para>
-#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:2453
+#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:2620
msgid "Osterwalder and Pigneur, Business Model Generation, 32."
msgstr ""
#. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><sect1><sect2><para>
-#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:2451
+#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:2617
msgid ""
"This is a version of a traditional business model based on brokering "
"transactions between parties.<placeholder type=\"footnote\" id=\"0\"/> "
msgstr ""
#. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><sect1><sect2><title>
-#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:2465
+#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:2633
msgid ""
"Providing a service to your creators <emphasis>[MARKET-BASED]</emphasis>"
msgstr ""
#. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><sect1><sect2><para>
-#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:2468
+#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:2636
msgid ""
"As mentioned above, endeavors can make money by providing customized "
"services to their users. Platforms can undertake a variation of this service "
msgstr ""
#. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><sect1><sect2><title>
-#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:2478
+#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:2646
msgid "Licensing a trademark <emphasis>[MARKET-BASED]</emphasis>"
msgstr ""
#. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><sect1><sect2><para>
-#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:2481
+#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:2649
msgid ""
"Finally, some that are Made with Creative Commons make money by selling use "
"of their trademarks. Well known brands that consumers associate with "
msgstr ""
#. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><sect1><sect2><title>
-#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:2493
+#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:2661
msgid "Reciprocity-based revenue streams"
msgstr ""
#. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><sect1><sect2><para>
-#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:2495
+#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:2663
msgid ""
"Even if we set aside grant funding, we found that the traditional economic "
"framework of understanding the market failed to fully capture the ways the "
msgstr ""
#. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><sect1><sect2><para>
-#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:2502
+#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:2670
msgid ""
"Rather than devising a scheme to get people to pay money in exchange for "
"some direct value provided to them, many of the revenue streams were more "
msgstr ""
#. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><sect1><sect2><para>
-#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:2515
+#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:2683
msgid ""
"This should be a familiar dynamic—it is the way you deal with your friends "
"and family. We give without regard for what and when we will get back. David "
msgstr ""
#. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><sect1><sect2><para><footnote><para>
-#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:2525
+#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:2694
msgid "Bollier, Think Like a Commoner, 150."
msgstr ""
#. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><sect1><sect2><para><footnote><para>
-#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:2529
+#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:2700
msgid "Ibid., 134."
msgstr ""
#. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><sect1><sect2><para>
-#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:2523
+#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:2691
msgid ""
"What is rare is to incorporate this sort of relationship into an endeavor "
"that also engages with the market.<placeholder type=\"footnote\" id=\"0\"/> "
msgstr ""
#. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><sect1><sect2><title>
-#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:2534
+#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:2706
msgid ""
"Memberships and individual donations <emphasis>[RECIPROCITY-BASED]</emphasis>"
msgstr ""
#. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><sect1><sect2><para>
-#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:2537
+#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:2709
msgid ""
"While memberships and donations are traditional nonprofit funding models, in "
"the Made with Creative Commons context, they are directly tied to the "
msgstr ""
#. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><sect1><sect2><title>
-#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:2553
+#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:2725
msgid "The pay-what-you-want model <emphasis>[RECIPROCITY-BASED]</emphasis>"
msgstr ""
#. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><sect1><sect2><para>
-#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:2556
+#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:2728
msgid ""
"In the pay-what-you-want model, the beneficiary of Creative Commons content "
"is invited to give—at any amount they can and feel is appropriate, based on "
msgstr ""
#. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><sect1><sect2><title>
-#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:2569
+#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:2741
msgid "Crowdfunding <emphasis>[RECIPROCITY-BASED]</emphasis>"
msgstr ""
#. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><sect1><sect2><para>
-#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:2572
+#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:2744
msgid ""
"Crowdfunding models are based on recouping the costs of creating and "
"distributing content before the content is created. If the endeavor is Made "
msgstr ""
#. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><sect1><sect2><para>
-#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:2590
+#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:2762
msgid ""
"Other types of crowdfunding rely on a sense of responsibility that a "
"particular community may feel. Knowledge Unlatched pools funds from major U."
msgstr ""
#. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><sect1><title>
-#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:2601
+#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:2773
msgid "Making Human Connections"
msgstr ""
#. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><sect1><para>
-#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:2603
+#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:2775
msgid ""
"Regardless of how they made money, in our interviews, we repeatedly heard "
"language like <quote>persuading people to buy</quote> and <quote>inviting "
msgstr ""
#. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><sect1><para>
-#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:2620
+#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:2792
msgid ""
"Nearly every endeavor we profiled relied, at least in part, on people being "
"invested in what they do. The closer the Creative Commons content is to "
msgstr ""
#. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><sect1><para>
-#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:2628
+#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:2800
msgid ""
"It took me a very long time to see how this avoidance of thinking about what "
"they do in pure market terms was deeply tied to being Made with Creative "
msgstr ""
#. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><sect1><para>
-#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:2633
+#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:2805
msgid ""
"I came to the research with preconceived notions about what Creative Commons "
"is and what it means to be Made with Creative Commons. It turned out I was "
msgstr ""
#. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><sect1><para>
-#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:2638
+#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:2810
msgid ""
"Obviously, being Made with Creative Commons means using Creative Commons "
"licenses. That much I knew. But in our interviews, people spoke of so much "
msgstr ""
#. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><sect1><para>
-#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:2649
+#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:2821
msgid ""
"Being Made with Creative Commons is not just about the simple act of "
"licensing a copyrighted work under a set of standardized terms, but also "
msgstr ""
#. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><sect1><para>
-#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:2663
+#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:2835
msgid ""
"The rest of this section will explore some of the common strategies that "
"creators, companies, and organizations use to remind us that there are "
msgstr ""
#. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><sect1><sect2><title>
-#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:2670
+#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:2842
msgid "Be human"
msgstr ""
#. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><sect1><sect2><para><footnote><para>
-#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:2674
+#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:2847
msgid ""
"Dan Ariely, Predictably Irrational: The Hidden Forces That Shape Our "
"Decisions, rev. ed. (New York: Harper Perennial, 2010), 109."
msgstr ""
#. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><sect1><sect2><para>
-#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:2672
+#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:2844
msgid ""
"Humans are social animals, which means we are naturally inclined to treat "
"each other well.<placeholder type=\"footnote\" id=\"0\"/> But the further "
msgstr ""
#. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><sect1><sect2><para><footnote><para>
-#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:2698
+#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:2873
msgid ""
"Austin Kleon, Show Your Work: 10 Ways to Share Your Creativity and Get "
"Discovered (New York: Workman, 2014), 93."
msgstr ""
#. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><sect1><sect2><para>
-#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:2685
+#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:2859
msgid ""
"To counteract the anonymous and impersonal tendencies of how we operate "
"online, individual creators and corporations who use Creative Commons "
msgstr ""
#. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><sect1><sect2><para>
-#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:2704
+#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:2880
msgid ""
"A critical component to doing this effectively is not worrying about being a "
"<quote>brand.</quote> That means not being afraid to be vulnerable. Amanda "
msgstr ""
#. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><sect1><sect2><para><footnote><para>
-#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:2725
+#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:2902
msgid "Kramer, Shareology, 76."
msgstr ""
#. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><sect1><sect2><para>
-#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:2717
+#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:2893
msgid ""
"This advice is probably even more important for businesses and organizations "
"because we instinctively conceive of them as nonhuman (though in the United "
msgstr ""
#. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><sect1><sect2><title>
-#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:2731
+#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:2909
msgid "Be open and accountable"
msgstr ""
#. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><sect1><sect2><para><footnote><para>
-#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:2740
+#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:2919
msgid "Palmer, Art of Asking, 252."
msgstr ""
#. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><sect1><sect2><para><footnote><para>
-#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:2745
+#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:2926
msgid "Whitehurst, Open Organization, 145."
msgstr ""
#. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><sect1><sect2><para>
-#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:2733
+#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:2911
msgid ""
"Transparency helps people understand who you are and why you do what you do, "
"but it also inspires trust. Max Temkin of Cards Against Humanity told us, "
msgstr ""
#. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><sect1><sect2><para><footnote><para>
-#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:2754
+#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:2937
msgid "Surowiecki, Wisdom of Crowds, 203."
msgstr ""
#. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><sect1><sect2><para><footnote><para>
-#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:2761
+#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:2946
msgid "Whitehurst, Open Organization, 80."
msgstr ""
#. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><sect1><sect2><para>
-#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:2749
+#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:2931
msgid ""
"Being accountable does not mean operating on consensus. According to James "
"Surowiecki, consensus-driven groups tend to resort to lowest-common-"
msgstr ""
#. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><sect1><sect2><title>
-#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:2769
+#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:2955
msgid "Design for the good actors"
msgstr ""
#. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><sect1><sect2><para><footnote><para>
-#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:2773
+#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:2960
msgid "Bollier, Think Like a Commoner, 25."
msgstr ""
#. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><sect1><sect2><para><footnote><para>
-#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:2778
+#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:2967
msgid "Ibid., 31."
msgstr ""
#. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><sect1><sect2><para>
-#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:2771
+#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:2957
msgid ""
"Traditional economics assumes people make decisions based solely on their "
"own economic self-interest.<placeholder type=\"footnote\" id=\"0\"/> Any "
msgstr ""
#. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><sect1><sect2><para><footnote><para>
-#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:2797
+#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:2988
msgid "Shirky, Cognitive Surplus, 112."
msgstr ""
#. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><sect1><sect2><para>
-#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:2791
+#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:2981
msgid ""
"The assumption that people will largely do the right thing can be a self-"
"fulfilling prophecy. Shirky wrote in Cognitive Surplus, <quote>Systems that "
msgstr ""
#. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><sect1><sect2><para><footnote><para>
-#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:2815
+#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:3008
msgid "Surowiecki, Wisdom of Crowds, 124."
msgstr ""
#. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><sect1><sect2><para>
-#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:2804
+#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:2996
msgid ""
"Rather than trying to exert control over people’s behavior, this mode of "
"operating requires a certain level of trust. We might not realize it, but "
msgstr ""
#. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><sect1><sect2><title>
-#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:2820
+#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:3014
msgid "Treat humans like, well, humans"
msgstr ""
#. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><sect1><sect2><para><footnote><para>
-#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:2825
+#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:3020
msgid "Kleon, Show Your Work, 127."
msgstr ""
#. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><sect1><sect2><para><footnote><para>
-#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:2833
+#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:3030
msgid "Palmer, Art of Asking, 121."
msgstr ""
#. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><sect1><sect2><para>
-#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:2822
+#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:3016
msgid ""
"For creators, treating people as humans means not treating them like fans. "
"As Kleon says, <quote>If you want fans, you have to be a fan first.</"
msgstr ""
#. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><sect1><sect2><para>
-#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:2837
+#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:3035
msgid ""
"The same idea goes for businesses and organizations. Rather than automating "
"its customer service, the music platform Tribe of Noise makes a point to "
msgstr ""
#. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><sect1><sect2><para><footnote><para>
-#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:2848
+#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:3047
msgid "Ariely, Predictably Irrational, 87."
msgstr ""
#. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><sect1><sect2><para><footnote><para>
-#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:2858
+#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:3059
msgid "Ibid., 105."
msgstr ""
#. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><sect1><sect2><para>
-#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:2843
+#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:3041
msgid ""
"When we treat people like humans, they typically return the gift in kind. "
"It’s called karma. But social relationships are fragile. It is all too easy "
msgstr ""
#. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><sect1><sect2><title>
-#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:2863
+#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:3065
msgid "State your principles and stick to them"
msgstr ""
#. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><sect1><sect2><para>
-#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:2865
+#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:3067
msgid ""
"Being Made with Creative Commons makes a statement about who you are and "
"what you do. The symbolism is powerful. Using Creative Commons licenses "
msgstr ""
#. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><sect1><sect2><para>
-#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:2877
+#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:3079
msgid ""
"The expression of your values doesn’t have to be implicit. In fact, many of "
"the people we interviewed talked about how important it is to state your "
msgstr ""
#. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><sect1><sect2><para><footnote><para>
-#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:2892
+#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:3095
msgid "Ibid., 36."
msgstr ""
#. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><sect1><sect2><para>
-#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:2888
+#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:3090
msgid ""
"When your end goal is not about making a profit, people trust that you "
"aren’t just trying to extract value for your own gain. People notice when "
msgstr ""
#. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><sect1><sect2><title>
-#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:2898
+#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:3102
msgid "Build a community"
msgstr ""
#. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><sect1><sect2><para><footnote><para>
-#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:2906
+#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:3111
msgid ""
"Jono Bacon, The Art of Community, 2nd ed. (Sebastopol, CA: O’Reilly Media, "
"2012), 36."
msgstr ""
#. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><sect1><sect2><para>
-#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:2900
+#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:3104
msgid ""
"Endeavors that are Made with Creative Commons thrive when community is built "
"around what they do. This may mean a community collaborating together to "
msgstr ""
#. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><sect1><sect2><para><footnote><para>
-#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:2922
+#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:3129
msgid "Palmer, Art of Asking, 98."
msgstr ""
#. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><sect1><sect2><para><footnote><para>
-#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:2929
+#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:3138
msgid "Whitehurst, Open Organization, 34."
msgstr ""
#. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><sect1><sect2><para>
-#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:2914
+#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:3120
msgid ""
"To be sustainable, though, you have to work to nurture community. People "
"have to care—about you and each other. One critical piece to this is "
msgstr ""
#. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><sect1><sect2><para><footnote><para>
-#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:2941
+#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:3152
msgid "Surowiecki, Wisdom of Crowds, 200."
msgstr ""
#. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><sect1><sect2><para><footnote><para>
-#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:2945
+#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:3158
msgid "Bollier, Think Like a Commoner, 29."
msgstr ""
#. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><sect1><sect2><para>
-#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:2933
+#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:3143
msgid ""
"Communities that collaborate together take deliberate planning. Surowiecki "
"wrote, <quote>It takes a lot of work to put the group together. It’s "
msgstr ""
#. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><sect1><sect2><para>
-#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:2951
+#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:3165
msgid ""
"Community takes work, but working together, or even simply being connected "
"around common interests or values, is in many ways what sharing is about."
msgstr ""
#. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><sect1><sect2><title>
-#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:2957
+#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:3171
msgid "Give more to the commons than you take"
msgstr ""
#. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><sect1><sect2><para><footnote><para>
-#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:2968
+#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:3183
msgid ""
"Giana Eckhardt and Fleura Bardhi, <quote>The Sharing Economy Isn’t about "
"Sharing at All,</quote> Harvard Business Review (website), January 28, 2015, "
msgstr ""
#. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><sect1><sect2><para><footnote><para>
-#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:2976
+#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:3193
msgid ""
"Lisa Gansky, The Mesh: Why the Future of Business Is Sharing, reprint with "
"new epilogue (New York: Portfolio, 2012)."
msgstr ""
#. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><sect1><sect2><para>
-#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:2959
+#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:3173
msgid ""
"Conventional wisdom in the marketplace dictates that people should try to "
"extract as much money as possible from resources. This is essentially what "
msgstr ""
#. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><sect1><sect2><para><footnote><para>
-#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:2992
+#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:3211
msgid ""
"David Lee, <quote>Inside Medium: An Attempt to Bring Civility to the "
"Internet,</quote> BBC News, March 3, 2016, <ulink url=\"http://www.bbc.com/"
msgstr ""
#. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><sect1><sect2><para>
-#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:2982
+#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:3200
msgid ""
"Sharing requires adding as much or more value to the ecosystem than you "
"take. You can’t simply treat open content as a free pool of resources from "
msgstr ""
#. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><sect1><sect2><para>
-#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:3001
+#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:3221
msgid ""
"In all cases, it is important to openly acknowledge the amount of value you "
"add versus that which you draw on that was created by others. Being "
msgstr ""
#. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><sect1><sect2><title>
-#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:3012
+#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:3232
msgid "Involve people in what you do"
msgstr ""
#. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><sect1><sect2><para><footnote><para>
-#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:3017
+#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:3238
msgid "Anderson, Makers, 148."
msgstr ""
#. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><sect1><sect2><para><footnote><para>
-#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:3021
+#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:3244
msgid "Shirky, Cognitive Surplus, 164."
msgstr ""
#. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><sect1><sect2><para><footnote><para>
-#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:3028
-#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:3092
+#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:3253
+#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:3329
msgid "Whitehurst, foreword to Open Organization."
msgstr ""
#. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><sect1><sect2><para>
-#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:3014
+#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:3234
msgid ""
"Thanks to the Internet, we can tap into the talents and expertise of people "
"around the globe. Chris Anderson calls it the Long Tail of talent."
msgstr ""
#. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><sect1><sect2><para><footnote><para>
-#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:3041
+#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:3268
msgid "Shirky, Cognitive Surplus, 144."
msgstr ""
#. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><sect1><sect2><para>
-#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:3032
+#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:3258
msgid ""
"As the success of Wikipedia demonstrates, editing an online encyclopedia is "
"exactly the sort of activity that is perfect for massive co-creation because "
msgstr ""
#. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><sect1><sect2><para><quote><footnote><para>
-#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:3053
+#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:3282
msgid "Ibid., 154."
msgstr ""
#. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><sect1><sect2><para><footnote><para>
-#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:3065
+#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:3296
msgid "Palmer, Art of Asking, 163."
msgstr ""
#. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><sect1><sect2><para>
-#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:3045
+#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:3273
msgid ""
"It is easy to romanticize the opportunities for global cocreation made "
"possible by the Internet, and, indeed, the successful examples of it are "
"individual creators, where the creative work is the basis for what they do, "
"community cocreation is only rarely a part of the picture. Even musician "
"Amanda Palmer, who is famous for her openness and involvement with her fans, "
-"said, “The only department where I wasn’t open to input was the writing, the "
-"
music itself.</quote><placeholder type=\"footnote\" id=\"1\"/>"
+"said,</quote>The only department where I wasn’t open to input was the "
+"
writing, the music itself.\"<placeholder type=\"footnote\" id=\"1\"/>"
msgstr ""
#. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><sect1><sect2><para><footnote><para>
-#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:3076
+#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:3309
msgid "Anderson, Makers, 173."
msgstr ""
#. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><sect1><sect2><para><footnote><para>
-#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:3083
+#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:3318
msgid ""
"Tom Kelley and David Kelley, Creative Confidence: Unleashing the Potential "
"within Us All (New York: Crown, 2013), 82."
msgstr ""
#. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><sect1><sect2><para>
-#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:3069
+#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:3301
msgid ""
"While we tend to immediately think of cocreation and remixing when we hear "
"the word collaboration, you can also involve others in your creative process "
msgstr ""
#. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><sect1><sect2><para><footnote><para>
-#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:3100
+#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:3339
msgid ""
"Rachel Botsman and Roo Rogers, What’s Mine Is Yours: The Rise of "
"Collaborative Consumption (New York: Harper Business, 2010), 188."
msgstr ""
#. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><sect1><sect2><para>
-#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:3089
+#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:3325
msgid ""
"There is no one way to involve people in what you do. They key is finding a "
"way for people to contribute on their terms, compelled by their own "
msgstr ""
#. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><title>
-#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:3109
+#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:3350
#, fuzzy
#| msgid "Made With Creative Commons"
msgid "The Creative Commons Licenses"
msgstr "Зроблено з Creative Commons"
#. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para>
-#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:3111
+#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:3352
msgid ""
"All of the Creative Commons licenses grant a basic set of permissions. At a "
"minimum, a CC- licensed work can be copied and shared in its original form "
msgstr ""
#. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para>
-#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:3125
+#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:3366
msgid "Here are the six licenses:"
msgstr ""
#. type: Attribute 'fileref' of: <book><part><chapter><para><inlinemediaobject><imageobject><imagedata>
-#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:3130
+#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:3371
msgid "Pictures/10000201000001930000008D83BF99FC0821C489.png"
msgstr ""
#. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para>
-#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:3128
-#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:3142
-#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:3158
-#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:3170
-#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:3183
-#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:3196
-#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:3216
-#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:3228
+#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:3369
+#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:3383
+#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:3399
+#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:3411
+#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:3424
+#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:3437
+#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:3457
+#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:3469
msgid "<placeholder type=\"inlinemediaobject\" id=\"0\"/>"
msgstr ""
#. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para>
-#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:3135
+#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:3376
msgid ""
"The Attribution license (CC BY) lets others distribute, remix, tweak, and "
"build upon your work, even commercially, as long as they credit you for the "
msgstr ""
#. type: Attribute 'fileref' of: <book><part><chapter><para><inlinemediaobject><imageobject><imagedata>
-#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:3144
+#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:3385
msgid "Pictures/10000201000001930000008DFD3592CB17C4EC38.png"
msgstr ""
#. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para>
-#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:3149
+#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:3390
msgid ""
"The Attribution-Share-Alike license (CC BY-SA) lets others remix, tweak, and "
"build upon your work, even for commercial purposes, as long as they credit "
msgstr ""
#. type: Attribute 'fileref' of: <book><part><chapter><para><inlinemediaobject><imageobject><imagedata>
-#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:3160
+#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:3401
msgid "Pictures/10000201000001930000008D254882DE24793FEA.png"
msgstr ""
#. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para>
-#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:3165
+#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:3406
msgid ""
"The Attribution-NoDerivs license (CC BY-ND) allows for redistribution, "
"commercial and noncommercial, as long as it is passed along unchanged with "
msgstr ""
#. type: Attribute 'fileref' of: <book><part><chapter><para><inlinemediaobject><imageobject><imagedata>
-#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:3172
+#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:3413
msgid "Pictures/10000201000001930000008DCAF78FB61D1CBDA6.png"
msgstr ""
#. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para>
-#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:3177
+#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:3418
msgid ""
"The Attribution-NonCommercial license (CC BY-NC) lets others remix, tweak, "
"and build upon your work noncommercially. Although their new works must also "
msgstr ""
#. type: Attribute 'fileref' of: <book><part><chapter><para><inlinemediaobject><imageobject><imagedata>
-#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:3185
+#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:3426
msgid "Pictures/10000201000001930000008D16DA603376395620.png"
msgstr ""
#. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para>
-#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:3190
+#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:3431
msgid ""
"The Attribution-NonCommercial-ShareAlike license (CC BY-NC-SA) lets others "
"remix, tweak, and build upon your work noncommercially, as long as they "
msgstr ""
#. type: Attribute 'fileref' of: <book><part><chapter><para><inlinemediaobject><imageobject><imagedata>
-#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:3198
+#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:3439
msgid "Pictures/10000201000001930000008DC3FEF92B21310965.png"
msgstr ""
#. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para>
-#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:3203
+#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:3444
msgid ""
"The Attribution-NonCommercial-NoDerivs license (CC BY-NC-ND) is the most "
"restrictive of our six main licenses, only allowing others to download your "
msgstr ""
#. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para>
-#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:3210
+#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:3451
msgid ""
"In addition to these six licenses, Creative Commons has two public-domain "
"tools—one for creators and the other for those who manage collections of "
msgstr ""
#. type: Attribute 'fileref' of: <book><part><chapter><para><inlinemediaobject><imageobject><imagedata>
-#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:3218
+#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:3459
msgid "Pictures/10000201000001900000008DBE3414994CD27786.png"
msgstr ""
#. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para>
-#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:3223
+#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:3464
msgid ""
"CC0 enables authors and copyright owners to dedicate their works to the "
"worldwide public domain (<quote>no rights reserved</quote>)."
msgstr ""
#. type: Attribute 'fileref' of: <book><part><chapter><para><inlinemediaobject><imageobject><imagedata>
-#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:3230
+#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:3471
msgid "Pictures/10000201000001900000008D36DCD649C5B1411F.png"
msgstr ""
#. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para>
-#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:3235
+#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:3476
msgid ""
"The Creative Commons Public Domain Mark facilitates the labeling and "
"discovery of works that are already free of known copyright restrictions."
msgstr ""
#. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para>
-#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:3240
+#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:3481
msgid ""
"In our case studies, some use just one Creative Commons license, others use "
"several. Attribution (found in thirteen case studies) and Attribution-"
msgstr ""
#. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para>
-#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:3251
+#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:3492
msgid ""
"There is a popular misconception that the three NonCommercial licenses "
"offered by CC are the only options for those who want to make money off "
msgstr ""
#. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para>
-#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:3265
+#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:3506
msgid ""
"The decision to choose a NonCommercial and/or NoDerivs license comes down to "
"how much you need to retain control over the creative work. The "
msgstr ""
#. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para>
-#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:3278
+#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:3519
msgid ""
"Other times the decision to use a more restrictive license is due to a "
"concern about the integrity of the work. For example, the nonprofit "
msgstr ""
#. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para>
-#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:3285
+#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:3526
msgid ""
"There is no one right way. The NonCommercial and NoDerivs restrictions "
"reflect the values and preferences of creators about how their creative work "
msgstr ""
#. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para>
-#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:3297
+#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:3538
msgid "Note"
msgstr ""
#. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para>
-#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:3300
+#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:3541
msgid ""
"For more about the licenses including examples and tips on sharing your work "
"in the digital commons, start with the Creative Commons page called "
-"<quote>Share Your Work</quote> at <ulink url=\"http://creativecommons.org/"
-"share-your-work/\"/>."
+"<quote>Share Your Work</quote> at"
+msgstr ""
+
+#. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para>
+#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:3546
+msgid "<ulink url=\"http://creativecommons.org/share-your-work/\"/>."
msgstr ""
#. type: Content of: <book><part><title>
-#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:3308
+#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:3551
msgid "The Case Studies"
msgstr ""
#. type: Content of: <book><part><partintro><para>
-#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:3311
+#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:3552
msgid ""
"The twenty-four case studies in this section were chosen from hundreds of "
"nominations received from Kickstarter backers, Creative Commons staff, and "
msgstr ""
#. type: Content of: <book><part><partintro><para>
-#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:3321
+#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:3561
msgid ""
"We did background research and conducted interviews for each case study, "
"based on the same set of basic questions about the endeavor. The idea for "
msgstr ""
#. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><title>
-#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:3329
+#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:3570
msgid "Arduino"
msgstr ""
#. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><blockquote><para>
-#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:3332
+#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:3573
msgid ""
"Arduino is a for-profit open-source electronics platform and computer "
"hardware and software company. Founded in 2005 in Italy."
msgstr ""
#. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><blockquote><para>
-#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:3337
+#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:3578
msgid "<ulink url=\"http://www.arduino.cc\"/>"
msgstr ""
#. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><blockquote><para>
-#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:3339
+#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:3581
msgid ""
"<emphasis role=\"strong\">Revenue model</emphasis>: charging for physical "
"copies (sales of boards, modules, shields, and kits), licensing a trademark "
msgstr ""
#. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><blockquote><para>
-#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:3344
-#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:4195
+#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:3587
+#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:4468
msgid "<emphasis role=\"strong\">Interview date</emphasis>: February 4, 2016"
msgstr ""
#. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><blockquote><para>
-#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:3347
+#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:3591
msgid ""
"<emphasis role=\"strong\">Interviewees</emphasis>: David Cuartielles and Tom "
"Igoe, cofounders"
msgstr ""
#. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><blockquote><para>
-#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:3351
-#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:4202
-#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:4638
-#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:4880
-#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:5162
-#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:5472
-#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:5985
-#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:6239
-#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:6561
-#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:6913
-#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:7457
-#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:7741
-#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:8211
-#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:8992
+#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:3595
+#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:4476
+#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:4923
+#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:5184
+#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:5489
+#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:5815
+#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:6342
+#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:6612
+#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:6958
+#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:7330
+#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:7895
+#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:8191
+#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:8688
+#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:9498
msgid "Profile written by Paul Stacey"
msgstr ""
#. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para>
-#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:3355
+#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:3599
msgid ""
"In 2005, at the Interaction Design Institute Ivrea in northern Italy, "
"teachers and students needed an easy way to use electronics and programming "
msgstr ""
#. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para>
-#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:3369
+#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:3613
msgid ""
"Arduino boards are able to read inputs—light on a sensor, a finger on a "
"button, or a Twitter message—and turn it into outputs—activating a motor, "
msgstr ""
#. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para>
-#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:3378
+#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:3623
msgid ""
"<quote>The reasons for making Arduino open source are complicated,</quote> "
"Tom says. Partly it was about supporting flexibility. The open-source nature "
msgstr ""
#. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para>
-#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:3387
+#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:3632
msgid ""
"For Tom another factor was the impending closure of the Ivrea design school. "
"He’d seen other organizations close their doors and all their work and "
msgstr ""
#. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para>
-#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:3397
+#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:3642
msgid ""
"With the school closing, David and some of the other Arduino founders "
"started a consulting firm and multidisciplinary design studio they called "
msgstr ""
#. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para>
-#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:3406
+#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:3651
msgid ""
"For Tom, part of Arduino’s success is because the founders made themselves "
"the first customer of their product. They made products they themselves "
msgstr ""
#. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para>
-#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:3414
+#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:3659
msgid ""
"Arduino’s business model has evolved over time—and Tom says model is a "
"grandiose term for it. Originally, they just wanted to make a few boards and "
msgstr ""
#. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para>
-#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:3428
+#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:3673
msgid ""
"Arduino now has a worldwide community of makers—students, hobbyists, "
"artists, programmers, and professionals. Arduino provides a wiki called "
msgstr ""
#. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para>
-#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:3442
+#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:3687
msgid ""
"Transitioning Arduino from a project to a company was a big step. Other "
"businesses who made boards were charging a lot of money for them. Arduino "
msgstr ""
#. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para>
-#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:3450
+#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:3695
msgid ""
"For a business, getting to the end of the year and not being in the red is a "
"success. Arduino may have an open-licensing strategy, but they are still a "
msgstr ""
#. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para>
-#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:3458
+#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:3703
msgid ""
"While openly licensing the designs, documentation, and software ensures "
"longevity, it does have risks. There’s a possibility that others will create "
msgstr ""
#. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para>
-#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:3470
+#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:3715
msgid ""
"Tom and David say that a lot of people have built companies off of Arduino, "
"with dozens of Arduino derivatives out there. But in contrast to closed "
msgstr ""
#. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para><footnote><para>
-#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:3490
+#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:3737
msgid "<ulink url=\"http://www.arduino.cc/en/Main/Products\"/>"
msgstr ""
#. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para>
-#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:3481
+#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:3726
msgid ""
"Over time, the range of Arduino products has diversified, changing and "
"adapting to new needs and challenges. In addition to simple entry level "
msgstr ""
#. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para>
-#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:3493
+#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:3742
msgid ""
"Arduino’s focus is on high-quality boards, well-designed support materials, "
"and the building of community; this focus is one of the keys to their "
msgstr ""
#. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para>
-#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:3506
+#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:3755
msgid ""
"A key decision for Arduino was trademarking the name. The founders needed a "
"way to guarantee to people that they were buying a quality product from a "
msgstr ""
#. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para>
-#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:3518
+#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:3767
msgid ""
"Current official manufacturers are Smart Projects in Italy, SparkFun in the "
"United States, and Dog Hunter in Taiwan/China. These are the only "
msgstr ""
#. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para>
-#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:3528
+#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:3777
msgid ""
"How far to open things up wasn’t always something the founders perfectly "
"agreed on. David, who was always one to advocate for opening things up more, "
msgstr ""
#. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para><footnote><para>
-#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:3549
+#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:3800
msgid "<ulink url=\"http://blog.arduino.cc/2013/07/10/send-in-the-clones/\"/>"
msgstr ""
#. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para>
-#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:3537
+#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:3786
msgid ""
"David encourages people and businesses to start by sharing everything as a "
"default strategy, and then think about whether there is anything that really "
msgstr ""
#. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para>
-#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:3552
+#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:3805
msgid ""
"For David, an exciting aspect of Arduino is the way lots of people can use "
"it to adapt technology in many different ways. Technology is always making "
msgstr ""
#. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para>
-#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:3560
+#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:3813
msgid ""
"Arduino has been hugely successful in making technology and electronics "
"reach a larger audience. For Tom, Arduino has been about <quote>the "
msgstr ""
#. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para>
-#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:3568
+#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:3821
msgid ""
"Ultimately, for Arduino, going open has been good business—good for product "
"development, good for distribution, good for pricing, and good for "
msgstr ""
#. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><title>
-#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:3574
+#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:3828
msgid "Ártica"
msgstr ""
#. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><blockquote><para>
-#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:3577
+#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:3831
msgid ""
"Ártica provides online courses and consulting services focused on how to use "
"digital technology to share knowledge and enable collaboration in arts and "
msgstr ""
#. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><blockquote><para>
-#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:3582
+#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:3836
msgid "<ulink url=\"http://www.articaonline.com\"/>"
msgstr ""
#. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><blockquote><para>
-#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:3584
+#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:3839
msgid ""
"<emphasis role=\"strong\">Revenue model</emphasis>: charging for custom "
"services"
msgstr ""
#. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><blockquote><para>
-#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:3587
+#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:3843
msgid "<emphasis role=\"strong\">Interview date</emphasis>: March 9, 2016"
msgstr ""
#. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><blockquote><para>
-#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:3589
+#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:3846
msgid ""
"<emphasis role=\"strong\">Interviewees</emphasis>: Mariana Fossatti and "
"Jorge Gemetto, cofounders"
msgstr ""
#. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><blockquote><para>
-#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:3593
-#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:3784
-#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:3980
-#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:4401
-#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:5774
-#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:7225
-#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:8009
-#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:8537
-#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:8759
-#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:9230
+#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:3850
+#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:4045
+#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:4244
+#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:4683
+#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:6125
+#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:7653
+#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:8483
+#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:9034
+#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:9262
+#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:9748
msgid "Profile written by Sarah Hinchliff Pearson"
msgstr ""
#. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para>
-#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:3597
+#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:3854
msgid ""
"The story of Mariana Fossatti and Jorge Gemetto’s business, Ártica, is the "
"ultimate example of DIY. Not only are they successful entrepreneurs, the "
msgstr ""
#. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para>
-#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:3603
+#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:3860
msgid "Their dream jobs didn’t exist, so they created them."
msgstr ""
#. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para>
-#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:3606
+#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:3863
msgid ""
"In 2011, Mariana was a sociologist working for an international organization "
"to develop research and online education about rural-development issues. "
msgstr ""
#. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para>
-#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:3618
+#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:3875
msgid ""
"Ártica feels like a uniquely twenty-first century business. The small "
"company has a global online presence with no physical offices. Jorge and "
msgstr ""
#. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para>
-#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:3631
+#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:3888
msgid ""
"Ártica offers personalized education and consulting services, and helps "
"clients implement projects. All of these services are customized. They call "
msgstr ""
#. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para>
-#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:3642
+#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:3899
msgid ""
"When they started, they offered a smaller number of courses designed to "
"attract large audiences. <quote>Over the years, we realized that online "
msgstr ""
#. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para>
-#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:3651
+#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:3908
msgid ""
"Online courses are their biggest revenue stream, but they also do more than "
"a dozen consulting projects each year, ranging from digitization to event "
msgstr ""
#. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para>
-#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:3659
+#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:3916
msgid ""
"Ártica also seeks out public and private funding for specific projects. "
"Sometimes, even if they are unsuccessful in subsidizing a project like a new "
msgstr ""
#. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para>
-#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:3667
+#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:3924
msgid ""
"Ártica relies heavily on their free Creative Commons–licensed content to "
"attract new students and clients. Everything they create—online education, "
msgstr ""
#. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para>
-#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:3683
+#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:3940
msgid ""
"They also believe sharing their ideas and expertise openly helps them build "
"their reputation and visibility. People often share and cite their work. A "
msgstr ""
#. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para>
-#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:3691
+#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:3948
msgid ""
"This belief that openness creates new opportunities reflects another belief—"
"in serendipity. When describing their process for creating content, they "
msgstr ""
#. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para>
-#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:3702
+#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:3959
msgid ""
"Rather than planning their work in advance, they let their creative process "
"be dynamic. <quote>This doesn’t mean that we don’t need to work hard in "
msgstr ""
#. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para>
-#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:3712
+#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:3969
msgid ""
"People and relationships are also just as important, sometimes more. "
"<quote>In the educational and cultural business, it is more important to pay "
msgstr ""
#. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para>
-#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:3720
+#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:3977
msgid ""
"Ártica believes in the power of the network. They seek to make connections "
"with people and institutions across the globe so they can learn from them "
msgstr ""
#. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para>
-#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:3725
+#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:3982
msgid ""
"At the core of everything Ártica does is a set of values. <quote>Good "
"content is not enough,</quote> Jorge said. <quote>We also think that it is "
msgstr ""
#. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para>
-#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:3739
+#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:3996
msgid ""
"Of course, Ártica also has to make enough money to cover its expenses. Human "
"resources are, by far, their biggest expense. They tap a network of "
msgstr ""
#. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para>
-#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:3747
+#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:4005
msgid ""
"<quote>There are lots of people offering online courses,</quote> Jorge said. "
"<quote>But it is easy to differentiate us. We have an approach that is very "
msgstr ""
#. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para>
-#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:3755
+#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:4013
msgid ""
"In their work with younger artists, Mariana and Jorge try to emphasize that "
"this model of success is just as valuable as the picture of success we get "
msgstr ""
#. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><title>
-#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:3764
+#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:4022
msgid "Blender Institute"
msgstr ""
#. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><blockquote><para>
-#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:3767
+#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:4025
msgid ""
"The Blender Institute is an animation studio that creates 3-D films using "
"Blender software. Founded in 2006 in the Netherlands."
msgstr ""
#. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><blockquote><para>
-#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:3772
+#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:4030
msgid "<ulink url=\"http://www.blender.org\"/>"
msgstr ""
#. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><blockquote><para>
-#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:3774
+#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:4033
msgid ""
"<emphasis role=\"strong\">Revenue model</emphasis>: crowdfunding "
"(subscription-based), charging for physical copies, selling merchandise"
msgstr ""
#. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><blockquote><para>
-#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:3778
+#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:4038
msgid "<emphasis role=\"strong\">Interview date</emphasis>: March 8, 2016"
msgstr ""
#. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><blockquote><para>
-#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:3780
+#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:4041
msgid ""
"<emphasis role=\"strong\">Interviewee</emphasis>: Francesco Siddi, "
"production coordinator"
msgstr ""
#. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para>
-#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:3788
+#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:4049
msgid ""
"For Ton Roosendaal, the creator of Blender software and its related "
"entities, sharing is practical. Making their 3-D content creation software "
msgstr ""
#. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para>
-#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:3799
+#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:4060
msgid ""
"Each open-movie project Blender runs produces a host of openly licensed "
"outputs, not just the final film itself but all of the source material as "
msgstr ""
#. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para>
-#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:3809
+#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:4070
msgid ""
"Rather than just talking about the theoretical benefits of sharing and free "
"culture, Ton is very much about doing and making free culture. Blender’s "
msgstr ""
#. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para>
-#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:3816
+#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:4077
msgid ""
"Blender’s history begins in the late 1990s, when Ton created the Blender "
"software. Originally, the software was an in-house resource for his "
msgstr ""
#. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para>
-#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:3827
+#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:4088
msgid ""
"This was long before Kickstarter and other online crowdfunding sites "
"existed, but Ton ran his own version of a crowdfunding campaign and quickly "
msgstr ""
#. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para>
-#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:3840
+#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:4101
msgid ""
"Like any successful free and open-source software project, Blender developed "
"quickly because the community could make fixes and improvements. "
msgstr ""
#. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para>
-#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:3849
+#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:4110
msgid ""
"After a few years, Ton began looking for new ways to push development of the "
"software. He came up with the idea of creating CC-licensed films using the "
msgstr ""
#. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para>
-#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:3859
+#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:4120
msgid ""
"They turned to crowdfunding to subsidize the costs of the project. They had "
"about twenty people working full-time for six to ten months, so the costs "
msgstr ""
#. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para>
-#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:3869
+#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:4130
msgid ""
"The first film, which was released in 2006, was an experiment. It was so "
"successful that Ton decided to set up the Blender Institute, an entity "
msgstr ""
#. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para>
-#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:3877
+#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:4138
msgid ""
"Francesco said that, over time, the Blender Institute projects have gotten "
"bigger and more prominent. That means the filmmaking process has become more "
msgstr ""
#. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para>
-#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:3890
+#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:4151
msgid ""
"Blender has had a lot of success raising money from its community over the "
"years. In many ways, the pitch has gotten easier to make. Not only is "
msgstr ""
#. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para>
-#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:3899
+#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:4160
msgid ""
"While these benefits of each open-movie project make a compelling pitch for "
"crowdfunding campaigns, Francesco told us the Blender Institute has found "
msgstr ""
#. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para>
-#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:3908
+#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:4169
msgid ""
"To make their work more sustainable, they needed a way to receive ongoing "
"support rather than on a project-by-project basis. Their solution is Blender "
msgstr ""
#. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para>
-#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:3923
+#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:4184
msgid ""
"The continuous financial support provided by Blender Cloud subsidizes five "
"to six full-time employees at the Blender Institute. Francesco says their "
msgstr ""
#. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para>
-#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:3930
+#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:4191
msgid ""
"Blender Cloud is the primary revenue stream of the Blender Institute. The "
"Blender Foundation is funded primarily by donations, and that money goes "
msgstr ""
#. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para>
-#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:3939
+#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:4200
msgid ""
"Ton has worked on projects relating to his Blender software for nearly "
"twenty years. Throughout most of that time, he has been committed to making "
msgstr ""
#. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para>
-#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:3946
+#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:4207
msgid ""
"Since 2006, he has been making films available along with all of their "
"source material. He says he has hardly ever seen people stepping into "
msgstr ""
#. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para>
-#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:3956
+#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:4217
msgid "For Ton and Blender, it all comes back to doing."
msgstr ""
#. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><title>
-#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:3960
+#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:4221
msgid "Cards Against Humanity"
msgstr ""
#. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><blockquote><para>
-#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:3963
+#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:4224
msgid ""
"Cards Against Humanity is a private, for-profit company that makes a popular "
"party game by the same name. Founded in 2011 in the U.S."
msgstr ""
#. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><blockquote><para>
-#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:3968
+#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:4229
msgid "<ulink url=\"http://www.cardsagainsthumanity.com\"/>"
msgstr ""
#. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><blockquote><para>
-#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:3970
+#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:4232
msgid ""
"<emphasis role=\"strong\">Revenue model</emphasis>: charging for physical "
"copies"
msgstr ""
#. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><blockquote><para>
-#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:3973
+#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:4236
msgid "<emphasis role=\"strong\">Interview date</emphasis>: February 3, 2016"
msgstr ""
#. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><blockquote><para>
-#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:3976
+#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:4240
msgid "<emphasis role=\"strong\">Interviewee</emphasis>: Max Temkin, cofounder"
msgstr ""
#. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para>
-#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:3984
+#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:4248
msgid ""
"If you ask cofounder Max Temkin, there is nothing particularly interesting "
"about the Cards Against Humanity business model. <quote>We make a product. "
msgstr ""
#. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para>
-#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:3990
+#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:4254
msgid ""
"He is right. Cards Against Humanity is a simple party game, modeled after "
"the game Apples to Apples. To play, one player asks a question or fill-in-"
msgstr ""
#. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para>
-#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:4000
+#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:4264
msgid ""
"The revenue model is simple. Physical copies of the game are sold for a "
"profit. And it works. At the time of this writing, Cards Against Humanity is "
msgstr ""
#. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para>
-#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:4008
+#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:4272
msgid ""
"But Cards Against Humanity is also available for free. Anyone can download a "
"digital version of the game on the Cards Against Humanity website. More than "
msgstr ""
#. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para>
-#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:4014
+#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:4278
msgid ""
"The game is available under an Attribution-NonCommercial-ShareAlike license "
"(CC BY-NC-SA). That means, in addition to copying the game, anyone can "
msgstr ""
#. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para>
-#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:4022
+#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:4286
msgid ""
"All together, these factors—the crass tone of the game and company, the free "
-"download, the openness to fans remixing the game—give the game a massive "
-"cult following."
+"download, the"
+msgstr ""
+
+#. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para>
+#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:4290
+msgid "openness to fans remixing the game—give"
msgstr ""
#. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para>
-#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:4027
+#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:4293
+msgid "the game a massive cult following."
+msgstr ""
+
+#. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para>
+#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:4296
msgid ""
"Their success is not the result of a grand plan. Instead, Cards Against "
"Humanity was the last in a long line of games and comedy projects that Max "
msgstr ""
#. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para>
-#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:4040
+#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:4309
msgid ""
"The game caught on quickly, and it has only grown more popular over time. "
"Max says the eight founders never had a meeting where they decided to make "
msgstr ""
#. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para>
-#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:4046
+#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:4315
msgid ""
"But this tale of a <quote>happy accident</quote> belies marketing genius. "
"Just like the game, the Cards Against Humanity brand is irreverent and "
msgstr ""
#. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para>
-#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:4052
+#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:4321
msgid ""
"Like most quality satire, however, there is more to the joke than vulgarity "
"and shock value. The company’s marketing efforts around Black Friday "
msgstr ""
#. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para>
-#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:4065
+#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:4335
msgid ""
"<quote>We sweated it out the night before Black Friday, wondering if our "
"fans were going to hate us for it,</quote> he said. <quote>But it made us "
msgstr ""
#. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para>
-#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:4071
+#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:4341
msgid ""
"This sort of bold transparency delights the media, but more importantly, it "
"engages their fans. <quote>One of the most surprising things you can do in "
msgstr ""
#. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para>
-#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:4078
+#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:4348
msgid ""
"Max also likened it to a grand improv scene. <quote>If we do something a "
"little subversive and unexpected, the public wants to be a part of the joke."
msgstr ""
#. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para>
-#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:4086
+#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:4356
msgid ""
"This remarkable trust they have in their customers is what inspired their "
"decision to apply a Creative Commons license to the game. Trusting your "
msgstr ""
#. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para>
-#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:4099
+#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:4369
msgid ""
"Any successful product inspires its biggest fans to create remixes of it, "
"but unsanctioned adaptations are more likely to fly under the radar. The "
msgstr ""
#. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para>
-#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:4107
+#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:4377
msgid ""
"Max said, <quote>CC was a no-brainer for us because it gets the most people "
"involved. Making the game free and available under a CC license led to the "
msgstr ""
#. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para>
-#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:4114
+#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:4384
msgid ""
"Of course, there are limits to what the company allows its customers to do "
"with the game. They chose the Attribution-NonCommercial-ShareAlike license "
msgstr ""
#. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para>
-#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:4128
+#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:4398
msgid ""
"Just as there is more than meets the eye to the Cards Against Humanity "
"business model, the same can be said of the game itself. To be playable, "
msgstr ""
#. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para>
-#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:4139
+#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:4409
msgid ""
"That means cocreation with their fans really doesn’t work. The company has a "
"submission mechanism on their website, and they get thousands of "
msgstr ""
#. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para>
-#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:4150
+#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:4420
msgid ""
"For all of their success, the creators of Cards Against Humanity are only "
"partially motivated by money. Max says they have always been interested in "
msgstr ""
#. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para>
-#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:4157
+#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:4427
msgid ""
"In fact, the company has given more than $4 million to various charities and "
"causes. <quote>Cards is not our life plan,</quote> Max said. <quote>We all "
msgstr ""
#. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para>
-#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:4166
+#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:4436
msgid ""
"Seeing money as fuel rather than the ultimate goal is what has enabled them "
"to embrace Creative Commons licensing without reservation. CC licensing "
msgstr ""
#. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para>
-#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:4173
+#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:4444
msgid ""
"<quote>It’s not right for everyone to release everything under CC licensing,"
"</quote> Max said. <quote>If your only goal is to make a lot of money, then "
msgstr ""
#. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><title>
-#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:4181
+#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:4452
msgid "The Conversation"
msgstr ""
#. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><blockquote><para>
-#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:4184
+#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:4455
msgid ""
"The Conversation is an independent source of news, sourced from the academic "
"and research community and delivered direct to the public over the Internet. "
msgstr ""
#. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><blockquote><para>
-#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:4189
+#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:4460
msgid "<ulink url=\"http://theconversation.com\"/>"
msgstr ""
#. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><blockquote><para>
-#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:4191
+#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:4463
msgid ""
"<emphasis role=\"strong\">Revenue model</emphasis>: charging content "
"creators (universities pay membership fees to have their faculties serve as "
msgstr ""
#. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><blockquote><para>
-#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:4198
+#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:4472
msgid ""
"<emphasis role=\"strong\">Interviewee</emphasis>: Andrew Jaspan, founder"
msgstr ""
#. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para>
-#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:4206
+#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:4480
msgid ""
"Andrew Jaspan spent years as an editor of major newspapers including the "
"Observer in London, the Sunday Herald in Glasgow, and the Age in Melbourne, "
msgstr ""
#. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para>
-#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:4216
+#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:4490
msgid ""
"Around the time he left his job as editor of the Melbourne Age, Andrew "
"wondered where citizens would get news grounded in fact and evidence rather "
msgstr ""
#. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para>
-#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:4223
+#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:4497
msgid ""
"While at the Age, he’d become friends with a vice-chancellor of a university "
"in Melbourne who encouraged him to talk to smart people across campus—an "
msgstr ""
#. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para>
-#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:4244
+#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:4518
msgid ""
"Andrew believed he could to help connect academics back into the public "
"arena, and maybe help society find solutions to big problems. He thought "
msgstr ""
#. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para>
-#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:4257
+#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:4531
msgid ""
"The people he spoke to liked this idea, and Andrew embarked on raising money "
"and support with the help of the Commonwealth Scientific and Industrial "
msgstr ""
#. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para>
-#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:4270
+#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:4544
msgid ""
"The Conversation is founded on the belief that underpinning a functioning "
"democracy is access to independent, high-quality, informative journalism. "
msgstr ""
#. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para><footnote><para>
-#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:4283
+#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:4559
msgid "<ulink url=\"http://theconversation.com/us/charter\"/>"
msgstr ""
#. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para>
-#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:4281
+#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:4555
msgid ""
"Andrew worked hard to reinvent a methodology for creating reliable, credible "
"content. He introduced strict new working practices, a charter, and codes of "
msgstr ""
#. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para>
-#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:4296
+#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:4574
msgid ""
"Creative Commons help with these goals; articles are published with the "
"Attribution- NoDerivs license (CC BY-ND). They’re freely available for "
msgstr ""
#. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para>
-#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:4308
+#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:4586
msgid ""
"When readers come across the Conversation, they seem to like what they find "
"and recommend it to their friends, peers, and networks. Readership has "
msgstr ""
#. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para>
-#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:4316
+#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:4594
msgid ""
"It’s usual for the founders of any company to ask themselves what kind of "
"company it should be. It quickly became clear to the founders of the "
msgstr ""
#. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para>
-#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:4325
+#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:4603
msgid ""
"There are now different editions of the Conversation for Africa, the United "
"Kingdom, France, and the United States, in addition to the one for "
msgstr ""
#. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para>
-#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:4335
+#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:4613
msgid ""
"Additionally, each edition has its own set of founding partners, strategic "
"partners, and funders. They’ve received funding from foundations, "
msgstr ""
#. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para>
-#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:4344
+#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:4622
msgid ""
"When professors from member universities write an article, there is some "
"branding of the university associated with the article. On the Conversation "
msgstr ""
#. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para>
-#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:4352
+#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:4630
msgid ""
"Academics are not paid for their contributions, but they get free editing "
"from a professional (four to five hours per piece, on average). They also "
msgstr ""
#. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para>
-#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:4362
+#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:4640
msgid ""
"The Conversation plans to expand the dashboard to show not just reach but "
"impact. This tracks activities, behaviors, and events that occurred as a "
msgstr ""
#. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para>
-#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:4370
+#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:4648
msgid ""
"These reach and impact metrics show the benefits of membership. With the "
"Conversation, universities can engage with the public and show why they’re "
msgstr ""
#. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para>
-#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:4375
+#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:4653
msgid ""
"With its tagline, <quote>Academic Rigor, Journalistic Flair,</quote> the "
"Conversation represents a new form of journalism that contributes to a more "
msgstr ""
#. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><title>
-#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:4384
+#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:4663
msgid "Cory Doctorow"
msgstr ""
#. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><blockquote><para>
-#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:4387
+#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:4666
msgid ""
"Cory Doctorow is a science fiction writer, activist, blogger, and "
"journalist. Based in the U.S."
msgstr ""
#. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><blockquote><para>
-#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:4390
+#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:4670
msgid ""
"<ulink url=\"http://craphound.com\"/> and <ulink url=\"http://boingboing.net"
"\"/>"
msgstr ""
#. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><blockquote><para>
-#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:4393
+#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:4674
msgid ""
"<emphasis role=\"strong\">Revenue model</emphasis>: charging for physical "
"copies (book sales), pay-what-you-want, selling translation rights to books"
msgstr ""
#. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><blockquote><para>
-#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:4397
+#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:4679
msgid "<emphasis role=\"strong\">Interview date</emphasis>: January 12, 2016"
msgstr ""
#. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para>
-#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:4405
+#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:4687
msgid ""
"Cory Doctorow hates the term <quote>business model,</quote> and he is "
"adamant that he is not a brand. <quote>To me, branding is the idea that you "
msgstr ""
#. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para>
-#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:4414
+#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:4696
msgid ""
"Cory calls himself an entrepreneur. He likes to say his success came from "
"making stuff people happened to like and then getting out of the way of them "
msgstr ""
#. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para>
-#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:4419
+#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:4701
msgid ""
"He is a science fiction writer, activist, blogger, and journalist. "
"Beginning with his first novel, Down and Out in the Magic Kingdom, in 2003, "
msgstr ""
#. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para>
-#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:4430
+#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:4712
msgid ""
"Cory primarily makes money by selling physical books, but he also takes on "
"paid speaking gigs and is experimenting with pay-what-you-want models for "
msgstr ""
#. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para>
-#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:4435
+#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:4717
msgid ""
"While Cory’s extensive body of fiction work has a large following, he is "
"just as well known for his activism. He is an outspoken opponent of "
msgstr ""
#. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para>
-#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:4452
+#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:4734
msgid ""
"Cory has been financially successful, but money is not his primary "
"motivation. At the start of his book Information Doesn’t Want to Be Free, he "
msgstr ""
#. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para>
-#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:4466
+#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:4748
msgid ""
"Just as money is not his primary motivation to create, money is not his "
"primary motivation to share. For Cory, sharing his work with Creative "
msgstr ""
#. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para>
-#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:4476
+#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:4758
msgid ""
"He also feels like there is a solid commercial basis for licensing his work "
"with Creative Commons. While he acknowledges he hasn’t been able to do a "
msgstr ""
#. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para>
-#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:4486
+#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:4768
msgid ""
"Cory started using CC licenses soon after they were first created. At the "
"time his first novel came out, he says the science fiction genre was overrun "
msgstr ""
#. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para>
-#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:4499
+#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:4781
msgid ""
"Cory admits the stakes were pretty low for him when he first adopted "
"Creative Commons licenses. He only had to sell two thousand copies of his "
msgstr ""
#. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para>
-#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:4507
+#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:4789
msgid ""
"The bottom line, Cory says, is that no one has found a way to prevent people "
"from copying the stuff they like. Rather than fighting the tide, Cory makes "
msgstr ""
#. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para>
-#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:4515
+#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:4797
msgid ""
"Making his work available under Creative Commons licenses enables him to "
"view his biggest fans as his ambassadors. <quote>Being open to fan activity "
msgstr ""
#. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para>
-#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:4530
+#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:4812
msgid ""
"His first book was published under the most restrictive Creative Commons "
"license, Attribution-NonCommercial-NoDerivs (CC BY-NC-ND). It allows only "
msgstr ""
#. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para>
-#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:4545
+#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:4827
msgid ""
"In his book Information Doesn’t Want to Be Free, Cory likens his philosophy "
"to thinking like a dandelion. Dandelions produce thousands of seeds each "
msgstr ""
#. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para>
-#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:4560
+#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:4842
msgid ""
"Applying a CC license to his work increases the chances it will be shared "
"more widely around the Web. He avoids DRM—and openly opposes the practice—"
msgstr ""
#. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para>
-#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:4571
+#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:4853
msgid ""
"Cory operates under the premise that artists benefit when there are more, "
"rather than fewer, places where people can access their work. The Internet "
msgstr ""
#. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para>
-#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:4582
+#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:4864
msgid ""
"Cory says his e-book sales have been lower than those of his competitors, "
"and he attributes some of that to the CC license making the work available "
msgstr ""
#. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para>
-#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:4593
+#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:4875
msgid ""
"Fans are particularly willing to pay when they feel personally connected to "
"the artist. Cory works hard to create that personal connection. One way he "
msgstr ""
#. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para>
-#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:4605
+#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:4887
msgid ""
"Cory’s realism about the difficulty of making a living in the arts does not "
"reflect pessimism about the Internet age. Instead, he says the fact that it "
msgstr ""
#. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para>
-#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:4613
+#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:4895
msgid "It has never been easier to think like a dandelion."
msgstr ""
#. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><title>
-#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:4617
+#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:4899
msgid "Figshare"
msgstr ""
#. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><blockquote><para>
-#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:4620
+#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:4902
msgid ""
"Figshare is a for-profit company offering an online repository where "
"researchers can preserve and share the output of their research, including "
msgstr ""
#. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><blockquote><para>
-#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:4626
+#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:4908
msgid "<ulink url=\"http://figshare.com\"/>"
msgstr ""
#. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><blockquote><para>
-#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:4628
+#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:4911
msgid ""
"<emphasis role=\"strong\">Revenue model</emphasis>: platform providing paid "
"services to creators"
msgstr ""
#. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><blockquote><para>
-#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:4631
+#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:4915
msgid "<emphasis role=\"strong\">Interview date</emphasis>: January 28, 2016"
msgstr ""
#. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><blockquote><para>
-#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:4634
+#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:4919
msgid "<emphasis role=\"strong\">Interviewee</emphasis>: Mark Hahnel, founder"
msgstr ""
#. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para>
-#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:4642
+#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:4927
msgid ""
"Figshare’s mission is to change the face of academic publishing through "
"improved dissemination, discoverability, and reusability of scholarly "
msgstr ""
#. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para>
-#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:4653
+#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:4938
msgid ""
"Figshare founder Mark Hahnel often gets asked: How do you make money? How do "
"we know you’ll be here in five years? Can you, as a for-profit venture, be "
msgstr ""
#. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para>
-#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:4658
+#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:4943
msgid ""
"Mark traces the origins of Figshare back to when he was a graduate student "
"getting his PhD in stem cell biology. His research involved working with "
msgstr ""
#. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para>
-#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:4667
+#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:4952
msgid ""
"Mark does not consider himself an advanced software programmer. "
"Fortunately, things like cloud-based computing and wikis had become "
msgstr ""
#. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para>
-#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:4674
+#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:4959
msgid ""
"There were two key needs: licenses to make the data citable, and persistent "
"identifiers— URL links that always point back to the original object "
msgstr ""
#. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para>
-#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:4680
+#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:4965
msgid ""
"Mark chose Digital Object Identifiers (DOIs) to meet the need for a "
"persistent identifier. In the DOI system, an object’s metadata is stored as "
msgstr ""
#. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para>
-#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:4689
+#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:4974
msgid ""
"As for licenses, Mark chose Creative Commons. The open-access and open-"
"science communities were already using and recommending Creative Commons. "
msgstr ""
#. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para>
-#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:4697
+#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:4982
msgid ""
"So Mark began using DOIs and Creative Commons for his own research work. He "
"had a science blog where he wrote about it and made all his data open. "
msgstr ""
#. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para>
-#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:4703
+#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:4988
msgid ""
"People liked the interface and simple upload process. People started asking "
"if they could also share theses, grant proposals, and code. Inclusion of "
msgstr ""
#. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para>
-#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:4711
+#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:4996
msgid ""
"Mark sought investment to make this into a scalable product. After a few "
"unsuccessful funding pitches, UK-based Digital Science expressed interest "
msgstr ""
#. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para>
-#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:4718
+#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:5003
msgid ""
"Under the freemium model, academics upload their research to Figshare for "
"storage and sharing for free. Each research object is licensed with Creative "
msgstr ""
#. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para>
-#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:4730
+#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:5015
msgid ""
"In January 2012, Figshare was launched. (The fig in Figshare stands for "
"figures.) Using investment funds, Mark made significant improvements to "
msgstr ""
#. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para>
-#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:4740
+#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:5025
msgid ""
"Figshare diversified its business model to include services for journals. "
"Figshare began hosting large amounts of data for the journals’ online "
"this functionality as part of their own infrastructure. Figshare-hosted data "
"also provides a link back to the article, generating additional click-"
"through and readership—a benefit to both journal publishers and "
-"researchers. Figshare now provides research-data infrastructure for a wide "
-"variety of publishers including Wiley, Springer Nature, PLOS, and Taylor and "
-"Francis, to name a few, and has convinced them to use Creative Commons "
-"licenses for the data."
+"researchers. Figshare now provides"
+msgstr ""
+
+#. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para>
+#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:5036
+msgid ""
+"research-data infrastructure for a wide variety of publishers including "
+"Wiley, Springer Nature, PLOS, and Taylor and Francis, to name a few, and has "
+"convinced them to use Creative Commons licenses for the data."
msgstr ""
#. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para>
-#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:4754
+#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:5042
msgid ""
"Governments allocate significant public funds to research. In parallel with "
"the launch of Figshare, governments around the world began requesting the "
msgstr ""
#. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para>
-#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:4764
+#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:5052
msgid ""
"Figshare now offers a range of fee-based services to institutions, including "
"their own minibranded Figshare space (called Figshare for Institutions) that "
msgstr ""
#. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para>
-#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:4774
+#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:5062
msgid ""
"As with researchers and publishers, Fig-share encouraged institutions to "
"share their research with CC BY (Attribution) and their data with CC0 (into "
msgstr ""
#. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para>
-#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:4787
+#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:5075
msgid ""
"For Mark this created a conflict. On the one hand, the principles and "
"benefits of open science are at the heart of Figshare, and Mark believes CC "
msgstr ""
#. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para>
-#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:4797
+#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:5085
msgid ""
"Mark is thinking of doing a Figshare study that tracks research "
"dissemination according to Creative Commons license, and gathering metrics "
msgstr ""
#. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para><footnote><para>
-#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:4810
+#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:5100
msgid ""
"<ulink url=\"http://figshare.com/articles/"
"Journal_subscription_costs_FOIs_to_UK_universities/1186832\"/>"
msgstr ""
#. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para><footnote><para>
-#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:4813
+#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:5107
msgid ""
"<ulink url=\"http://retr0.shinyapps.io/journal_costs/?year=2014&"
"inst=19,22,38,42,59,64,80,95,136\"/>"
msgstr ""
#. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para>
-#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:4805
+#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:5093
msgid ""
"Figshare has an Application Programming Interface (API) that makes it "
"possible for data to be pulled from Figshare and used in other applications. "
msgstr ""
#. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para>
-#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:4816
+#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:5112
msgid ""
"The free version of Figshare has built a community of academics, who through "
"word of mouth and presentations have promoted and spread awareness of "
msgstr ""
#. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para><footnote><para>
-#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:4831
+#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:5129
msgid "<ulink url=\"http://figshare.com/features\"/>"
msgstr ""
#. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para>
-#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:4827
+#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:5123
msgid ""
"Mark says his success is partly about being in the right place at the right "
"time. He also believes that the diversification of Figshare’s model over "
msgstr ""
#. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para>
-#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:4838
+#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:5138
msgid ""
"Today Figshare has 26 million–plus page views, 7.5 million–plus downloads, "
"800,000–plus user uploads, 2 million–plus articles, 500,000-plus "
msgstr ""
#. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para>
-#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:4846
+#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:5146
msgid ""
"Figshare uses the revenue it generates from the premium subscribers, journal "
"publishers, and institutions to fund and expand what it can offer to "
msgstr ""
#. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><title>
-#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:4861
+#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:5162
msgid "Figure.NZ"
msgstr ""
#. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><blockquote><para>
-#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:4864
+#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:5165
msgid ""
"Figure.NZ is a nonprofit charity that makes an online data platform designed "
"to make data reusable and easy to understand. Founded in 2012 in New "
msgstr ""
#. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><blockquote><para>
-#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:4869
+#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:5170
msgid "<ulink url=\"http://figure.nz\"/>"
msgstr ""
#. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><blockquote><para>
-#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:4871
+#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:5173
msgid ""
"<emphasis role=\"strong\">Revenue model</emphasis>: platform providing paid "
"services to creators, donations, sponsorships"
msgstr ""
#. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><blockquote><para>
-#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:4874
+#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:5177
msgid "<emphasis role=\"strong\">Interview date</emphasis>: May 3, 2016"
msgstr ""
#. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><blockquote><para>
-#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:4876
+#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:5180
msgid ""
"<emphasis role=\"strong\">Interviewee</emphasis>: Lillian Grace, founder"
msgstr ""
#. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para><footnote><para>
-#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:4885
+#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:5191
msgid ""
"<ulink url=\"http://www.nzdatafutures.org.nz/sites/default/files/"
"NZDFF_harness-the-power.pdf\"/>"
msgstr ""
#. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para>
-#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:4884
+#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:5188
msgid ""
"In the paper Harnessing the Economic and Social Power of Data presented at "
"the New Zealand Data Futures Forum in 2014,<placeholder type=\"footnote\" id="
msgstr ""
#. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para>
-#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:4903
+#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:5211
msgid ""
"Lillian had the idea for Figure.NZ in February 2012 while working for the "
"New Zealand Institute, a think tank concerned with improving economic "
msgstr ""
#. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para>
-#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:4914
+#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:5222
msgid ""
"Lillian began to imagine a website that lifted data up to a visual form that "
"could be easily understood and freely accessed. Initially launched as Wiki "
msgstr ""
#. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para>
-#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:4928
+#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:5236
msgid ""
"Here’s how it works. Figure.NZ sources data from other organizations, "
"including corporations, public repositories, government departments, and "
msgstr ""
#. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para><footnote><para>
-#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:4954
+#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:5264
msgid ""
"<ulink url=\"http://www.ict.govt.nz/guidance-and-resources/open-government/"
"new-zealand-government-open-access-and-licensing-nzgoal-framework/\"/>"
msgstr ""
#. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para>
-#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:4945
+#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:5253
msgid ""
"Lillian characterizes the initial decision to use Creative Commons as "
"naively fortunate. It was first recommended to her by a colleague. Lillian "
msgstr ""
#. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para>
-#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:4961
+#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:5273
msgid ""
"Lillian thinks current ideas of what a business is are relatively new, only "
"a hundred years old or so. She’s convinced that twenty years from now, we "
msgstr ""
#. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para>
-#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:4974
+#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:5286
msgid ""
"Although Figure.NZ is a social enterprise that openly licenses their data "
"and graphs for everyone to use for free, they have taken care not to be "
msgstr ""
#. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para>
-#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:4993
+#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:5305
msgid ""
"Figure.NZ spends a lot of time seeking to understand the motivations of data "
"collectors and to identify the channels where it can provide value. Every "
msgstr ""
#. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para>
-#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:4999
+#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:5311
msgid ""
"Figure.NZ has multiple lines of business. They provide commercial services "
"to organizations that want their data publicly available and want to use "
msgstr ""
#. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para>
-#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:5015
+#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:5327
msgid ""
"Lillian notes that the current state of most data is terrible and often not "
"well understood by the people who have it. This sometimes makes it difficult "
msgstr ""
#. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para><footnote><para>
-#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:5034
+#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:5348
msgid "<ulink url=\"http://figure.nz/business/\"/>"
msgstr ""
#. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para>
-#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:5029
+#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:5341
msgid ""
"A second line of business is what Figure.NZ calls partners. ASB Bank and "
"Statistics New Zealand are partners who back Figure.NZ’s efforts. As one "
msgstr ""
#. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para><footnote><para>
-#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:5037
+#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:5355
msgid "<ulink url=\"http://figure.nz/patrons/\"/>"
msgstr ""
#. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para>
-#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:5037
+#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:5353
msgid ""
"Figure.NZ also has patrons.<placeholder type=\"footnote\" id=\"0\"/> Patrons "
"donate to topic areas they care about, directly enabling Figure.NZ to get "
msgstr ""
#. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para>
-#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:5043
+#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:5363
msgid ""
"Figure.NZ also accepts philanthropic donations, which are used to provide "
"more content, extend technology, and improve services, or are targeted to "
msgstr ""
#. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para>
-#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:5049
+#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:5369
msgid ""
"Figure.NZ has morphed and grown over time. With data aggregation, curation, "
"and visualizing services all in-house, Figure.NZ has developed a deep "
msgstr ""
#. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para>
-#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:5061
+#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:5381
msgid ""
"Figure.NZ’s website displays visuals and data associated with a wide range "
"of categories including crime, economy, education, employment, energy, "
msgstr ""
#. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para>
-#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:5071
+#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:5391
msgid ""
"Figure.NZ believes data and visuals should be useful. They provide their "
"customers with a data collection template and teach them why it’s important "
msgstr ""
#. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para>
-#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:5085
+#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:5405
msgid ""
"Lillian has a deep and profound vision for Figure.NZ that goes well beyond "
-"simply providing open-data services. She says things are different now. “We "
+"simply providing open-data services. She says things are different now. \"We "
"used to live in a world where it was really hard to share information "
"widely. And in that world, the best future was created by having a few great "
"leaders who essentially had access to the information and made decisions on "
msgstr ""
#. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para>
-#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:5094
+#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:5415
msgid ""
-"“But now we live in a world where it’s really easy to share information "
+"\"But now we live in a world where it’s really easy to share information "
"widely and also to communicate widely. In the world we live in now, the best "
"future is the one where everyone can make well-informed decisions."
msgstr ""
#. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para>
-#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:5100
+#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:5421
msgid ""
-"“The use of numbers and data as a way of making well-informed decisions is "
+"\"The use of numbers and data as a way of making well-informed decisions is "
"one of the areas where there is the biggest gaps. We don’t really use "
"numbers as a part of our thinking and part of our understanding yet."
msgstr ""
#. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para>
-#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:5106
+#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:5427
msgid ""
-"“Part of the reason is the way data is spread across hundreds of sites. In "
+"\"Part of the reason is the way data is spread across hundreds of sites. In "
"addition, for the most part, deep thinking based on data is constrained to "
"experts because most people don’t have data literacy. There once was a time "
"when many citizens in society couldn’t read or write. However, as a society, "
msgstr ""
#. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para>
-#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:5117
+#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:5438
msgid ""
-"“Figure.NZ may be the first organization to assert that everyone can use "
+"\"Figure.NZ may be the first organization to assert that everyone can use "
"numbers in their thinking, and it’s built a technological platform along "
"with trust and a network of relationships to make that possible. What you "
"can see on Figure.NZ are tens of thousands of graphs, maps, and data."
msgstr ""
#. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para>
-#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:5124
+#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:5445
msgid ""
"<quote>Figure.NZ sees this as a new kind of alphabet that can help people "
"analyze what they see around them. A way to be thoughtful and informed about "
msgstr ""
#. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para>
-#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:5133
+#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:5454
msgid ""
"Lillian sees Figure.NZ’s model as having global potential. But for now, "
"their focus is completely on making Figure.NZ work in New Zealand and to get "
-"the <quote>network effect</quote>— users dramatically increasing value for "
-"themselves and for others through use of their service. Creative Commons is "
-"core to making the network effect possible."
+"the <quote>network effect</quote>—"
+msgstr ""
+
+#. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para>
+#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:5459
+msgid ""
+"users dramatically increasing value for themselves and for others through "
+"use of their service. Creative Commons is core to making the network effect "
+"possible."
msgstr ""
#. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><title>
-#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:5142
+#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:5466
msgid "Knowledge Unlatched"
msgstr ""
#. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><blockquote><para>
-#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:5145
+#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:5469
msgid ""
"Knowledge Unlatched is a not-for-profit community interest company that "
"brings libraries together to pool funds to publish open-access books. "
msgstr ""
#. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><blockquote><para>
-#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:5150
+#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:5474
msgid "<ulink url=\"http://knowledgeunlatched.org\"/>"
msgstr ""
#. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><blockquote><para>
-#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:5152
+#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:5477
msgid ""
"<emphasis role=\"strong\">Revenue model</emphasis>: crowdfunding "
"(specialized)"
msgstr ""
#. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><blockquote><para>
-#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:5155
+#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:5481
msgid "<emphasis role=\"strong\">Interview date</emphasis>: February 26, 2016"
msgstr ""
#. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><blockquote><para>
-#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:5158
+#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:5485
msgid ""
"<emphasis role=\"strong\">Interviewee</emphasis>: Frances Pinter, founder"
msgstr ""
#. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para>
-#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:5166
+#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:5493
msgid ""
"The serial entrepreneur Dr. Frances Pinter has been at the forefront of "
"innovation in the publishing industry for nearly forty years. She founded "
msgstr ""
#. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para>
-#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:5182
+#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:5509
msgid ""
"Dr. Pinter has been in academic publishing most of her career. About ten "
"years ago, she became acquainted with the Creative Commons founder Lawrence "
msgstr ""
#. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para>
-#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:5189
+#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:5516
msgid ""
"Not long after, she ran a project in Africa convincing publishers in Uganda "
"and South Africa to put some of their content online for free using a "
msgstr ""
#. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para>
-#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:5195
+#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:5522
msgid ""
"In 2008, Bloomsbury Academic, a new imprint of Bloomsbury Publishing in the "
"United Kingdom, appointed her its founding publisher in London. As part of "
msgstr ""
#. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para>
-#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:5212
+#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:5539
msgid ""
"Frances began to look at customer interest in the three forms of the book: "
"1) the Creative Commons–licensed free online book in PDF form, 2) the "
msgstr ""
#. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para>
-#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:5221
+#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:5548
msgid ""
"After a while, Frances had an epiphany—what if there was a way to get "
"libraries to underwrite the costs of making these books up until they’re "
msgstr ""
#. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para>
-#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:5230
+#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:5557
msgid ""
"This idea is similar to the article-processing charge some open-access "
"journals charge researchers to cover publishing costs. Frances began to "
msgstr ""
#. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para>
-#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:5238
+#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:5565
msgid ""
"This idea really took hold in her mind. She didn’t really have a name for it "
"but began talking about it and making presentations to see if there was "
msgstr ""
#. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para>
-#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:5249
+#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:5576
msgid ""
"She describes the business model in a paper called Knowledge Unlatched: "
"Toward an Open and Networked Future for Academic Publishing:"
msgstr ""
#. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><orderedlist><listitem><para>
-#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:5256
+#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:5583
msgid ""
"Publishers offer titles for sale reflecting origination costs only via "
"Knowledge Unlatched."
msgstr ""
#. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><orderedlist><listitem><para>
-#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:5262
+#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:5589
msgid ""
"Individual libraries select titles either as individual titles or as "
"collections (as they do from library suppliers now)."
msgstr ""
#. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><orderedlist><listitem><para>
-#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:5268
+#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:5595
msgid ""
"Their selections are sent to Knowledge Unlatched specifying the titles to be "
"purchased at the stated price(s)."
msgstr ""
#. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><orderedlist><listitem><para>
-#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:5274
+#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:5601
msgid ""
"The price, called a Title Fee (set by publishers and negotiated by Knowledge "
"Unlatched), is paid to publishers to cover the fixed costs of publishing "
msgstr ""
#. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><orderedlist><listitem><para>
-#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:5283
+#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:5610
msgid ""
"Publishers make the selected titles available Open Access (on a Creative "
"Commons or similar open license) and are then paid the Title Fee which is "
msgstr ""
#. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><orderedlist><listitem><para><footnote><para>
-#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:5293
+#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:5622
msgid "<ulink url=\"http://www.pinter.org.uk/pdfs/Toward_an_Open.pdf\"/>"
msgstr ""
#. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><orderedlist><listitem><para>
-#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:5290
+#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:5617
msgid ""
"Publishers make print copies, e-Pub, and other digital versions of selected "
"titles available to member libraries at a discount that reflects their "
msgstr ""
#. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para>
-#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:5298
+#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:5629
msgid ""
"The first round of this model resulted in a collection of twenty-eight "
"current titles from thirteen recognized scholarly publishers being "
msgstr ""
#. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para><footnote><para>
-#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:5309
+#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:5642
msgid ""
"<ulink url=\"http://collections.knowledgeunlatched.org/collection-"
"availability-1/\"/>"
msgstr ""
#. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para>
-#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:5308
+#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:5639
msgid ""
"The open-access, Creative Commons versions of these twenty-eight books are "
"still available online.<placeholder type=\"footnote\" id=\"0\"/> Most books "
msgstr ""
#. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para>
-#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:5319
+#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:5654
msgid ""
"There are three cost variables to consider for each round: the overall cost "
"incurred by the publishers, total cost for each library to acquire all the "
msgstr ""
#. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para>
-#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:5331
+#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:5666
msgid ""
"The second round, recently completed, unlatched seventy-eight books from "
"twenty-six publishers. For this round, Frances was experimenting with the "
msgstr ""
#. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para>
-#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:5346
+#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:5681
msgid ""
"The longest part of the whole process is getting libraries to pledge and "
"commit funds. It takes about five months, as library buy-in has to fit "
msgstr ""
#. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para>
-#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:5352
+#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:5687
msgid ""
"Knowledge Unlatched informs and recruits libraries through social media, "
"mailing lists, listservs, and library associations. Of the three hundred "
msgstr ""
#. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para>
-#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:5362
+#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:5697
msgid ""
"Knowledge Unlatched is scaling up, offering 150 new titles in the second "
"half of 2016. It will also offer backlist titles, and in 2017 will start to "
msgstr ""
#. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para>
-#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:5367
+#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:5702
msgid ""
"Knowledge Unlatched deliberately chose monographs as the initial type of "
"book to unlatch. Monographs are foundational and important, but also "
msgstr ""
#. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para>
-#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:5373
+#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:5708
msgid ""
"The cost for the publisher to get to a first digital copy of a monograph is "
"$5,000 to $50,000. A good one costs in the $10,000 to $15,000 range. "
msgstr ""
#. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para><footnote><para>
-#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:5390
+#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:5727
msgid ""
"<ulink url=\"http://www.knowledgeunlatched.org/featured-authors-section/\"/>"
msgstr ""
#. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para>
-#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:5383
+#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:5718
msgid ""
"Authors don’t generally make a lot of royalties from monographs. Royalties "
"range from zero dollars to 5 to 10 percent of receipts. The value to the "
msgstr ""
#. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para>
-#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:5393
+#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:5732
msgid ""
"Library budgets are constantly being squeezed, partly due to the inflation "
"of journal subscriptions. But even without budget constraints, academic "
msgstr ""
#. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para>
-#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:5404
+#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:5743
msgid ""
"Knowledge Unlatched offers libraries a compelling economic argument. Many of "
"the participating libraries would have bought a copy of the monograph "
msgstr ""
#. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para>
-#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:5412
+#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:5751
msgid ""
"Not only do the economics make sense, but there is very strong alignment "
"with library mandates. The participating libraries pay less than they would "
msgstr ""
#. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para>
-#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:5425
+#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:5764
msgid ""
"For publishers, authors, and librarians, the Knowledge Unlatched model for "
"monographs is a win-win-win."
msgstr ""
#. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para>
-#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:5429
+#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:5768
msgid ""
"In the first round, Knowledge Unlatched’s overheads were covered by grants. "
"In the second round, they aim to demonstrate the model is sustainable. "
msgstr ""
#. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para>
-#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:5440
+#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:5779
msgid ""
"Frances believes that Knowledge Unlatched is tapping into new ways of "
"valuing academic content. It’s about considering how many people can find, "
msgstr ""
#. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><title>
-#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:5452
+#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:5792
msgid "Lumen Learning"
msgstr ""
#. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><blockquote><para>
-#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:5455
+#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:5795
msgid ""
"Lumen Learning is a for-profit company helping educational institutions use "
"open educational resources (OER). Founded in 2013 in the U.S."
msgstr ""
#. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><blockquote><para>
-#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:5460
+#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:5800
msgid "<ulink url=\"http://lumenlearning.com\"/>"
msgstr ""
#. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><blockquote><para>
-#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:5462
+#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:5803
msgid ""
"<emphasis role=\"strong\">Revenue model</emphasis>: charging for custom "
"services, grant funding"
msgstr ""
#. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><blockquote><para>
-#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:5465
+#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:5807
msgid "<emphasis role=\"strong\">Interview date</emphasis>: December 21, 2015"
msgstr ""
#. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><blockquote><para>
-#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:5468
+#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:5811
msgid ""
"<emphasis role=\"strong\">Interviewees</emphasis>: David Wiley and Kim "
"Thanos, cofounders"
msgstr ""
#. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para><footnote><para>
-#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:5482
+#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:5827
msgid "<ulink url=\"http://lumenlearning.com/innovative-projects/\"/>"
msgstr ""
#. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para>
-#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:5476
+#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:5819
msgid ""
"Cofounded by open education visionary Dr. David Wiley and education-"
"technology strategist Kim Thanos, Lumen Learning is dedicated to improving "
msgstr ""
#. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para>
-#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:5499
+#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:5846
msgid ""
"David and Kim went back and forth on whether it should be a nonprofit or "
"for- profit. A nonprofit would make it a more comfortable fit with the "
msgstr ""
#. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para>
-#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:5509
+#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:5856
msgid ""
"But as a for-profit, they’d have to convince educational institutions to pay "
"for what Lumen had to offer. On the positive side, they’d have more control "
msgstr ""
#. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para>
-#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:5518
+#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:5865
msgid ""
"Right from the start, David and Kim positioned Lumen Learning as a way to "
"help institutions engage in open educational resources, or OER. OER are "
msgstr ""
#. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para>
-#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:5526
+#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:5873
msgid ""
"Originally, Lumen did custom contracts for each institution. This was "
"complicated and challenging to manage. However, through that process "
msgstr ""
#. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><itemizedlist><listitem><para>
-#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:5542
+#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:5889
msgid "replace expensive textbooks in high-enrollment courses with OER;"
msgstr ""
#. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><itemizedlist><listitem><para>
-#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:5548
+#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:5895
msgid ""
"provide enrolled students day one access to Lumen’s fully customizable OER "
"course materials through the institution’s learning-management system;"
msgstr ""
#. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><itemizedlist><listitem><para>
-#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:5555
+#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:5902
msgid ""
"measure improvements in student success with metrics like passing rates, "
"persistence, and course completion; and"
msgstr ""
#. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><itemizedlist><listitem><para>
-#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:5561
+#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:5908
msgid ""
"collaborate with faculty to make ongoing improvements to OER based on "
"student success research."
msgstr ""
#. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para>
-#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:5567
+#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:5914
msgid ""
"Lumen has developed a suite of open, Creative Commons–licensed courseware in "
"more than sixty-five subjects. All courses are freely and publicly available "
msgstr ""
#. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para>
-#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:5575
+#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:5922
msgid ""
"Then there are three types of bundled services that cost money. One option, "
"which Lumen calls Candela courseware, offers integration with the "
msgstr ""
#. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para>
-#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:5583
+#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:5930
msgid ""
"A second option is Waymaker, which offers the services of Candela but adds "
"personalized learning technologies, such as study plans, automated messages, "
msgstr ""
#. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para>
-#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:5590
+#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:5937
msgid ""
"The third and emerging line of business for Lumen is providing guidance and "
"support for institutions and state systems that are pursuing the development "
msgstr ""
#. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para>
-#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:5599
+#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:5946
msgid ""
"Lumen generates revenue by charging for their value-added tools and services "
"on top of their free courses, just as solar-power companies provide the "
msgstr ""
#. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para>
-#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:5616
+#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:5963
msgid ""
"In most cases, development of their courses is funded by the institution "
"Lumen has a contract with. When creating new courses, Lumen typically works "
msgstr ""
#. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para>
-#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:5627
+#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:5974
msgid ""
"Sometimes faculty like the existing OER but not the way it is presented. The "
"open licensing of existing OER allows Lumen to pick and choose from images, "
msgstr ""
#. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para>
-#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:5638
+#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:5985
msgid ""
"Using only OER made them experience firsthand how complex it could be to mix "
"differently licensed work together. A common strategy with OER is to place "
msgstr ""
#. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para>
-#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:5646
+#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:5993
msgid ""
"Remixing OER often results in multiple attributions on every page of every "
"course—text from one place, images from another, and videos from yet "
msgstr ""
#. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para>
-#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:5657
+#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:6004
msgid ""
"Lumen’s commitment to open licensing and helping low-income students has led "
"to strong relationships with institutions, open-education enthusiasts, and "
msgstr ""
#. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para>
-#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:5665
+#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:6012
msgid ""
"To manage demand and ensure the success of projects, their strategy is to be "
"proactive and focus on what’s going on in higher education in different "
msgstr ""
#. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para>
-#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:5678
+#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:6025
msgid ""
"As a business, Lumen is committed to openness. There are two core "
"nonnegotiables: Lumen’s use of CC BY, the most permissive of the Creative "
msgstr ""
#. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para>
-#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:5688
+#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:6035
msgid ""
"Openness also means that Lumen’s OER must necessarily be nonexclusive and "
"nonrivalrous. This represents several big challenges for the business model: "
msgstr ""
#. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para>
-#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:5698
+#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:6045
msgid ""
"In the OER sector, there are examples of corporations, and even "
"institutions, acting as free riders. Some simply take and use open resources "
msgstr ""
#. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para>
-#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:5707
+#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:6054
msgid ""
"Lumen does track institutions accessing and using their free content. They "
"proactively contact those institutions, with an estimate of how much their "
msgstr ""
#. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para>
-#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:5718
+#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:6065
msgid ""
"Lumen works hard to be a good corporate citizen in the OER community. For "
"David and Kim, a good corporate citizen gives more than they take, adds "
msgstr ""
#. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para>
-#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:5727
+#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:6074
msgid ""
"Licensing all the content they produce with CC BY is a key part of giving "
"more value than they take. They’ve also worked hard at finding the right "
msgstr ""
#. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para>
-#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:5733
+#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:6080
msgid ""
"As of the fall 2016 term, Lumen had eighty-six different open courses, "
"working relationships with ninety-two institutions, and more than seventy-"
msgstr ""
#. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para>
-#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:5745
+#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:6092
msgid ""
"In creating Lumen Learning, David and Kim say they’ve landed on solutions "
"they never imagined, and there is still a lot of learning taking place. For "
msgstr ""
#. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><title>
-#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:5756
+#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:6104
msgid "Jonathan Mann"
msgstr ""
#. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><blockquote><para>
-#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:5759
+#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:6107
msgid ""
"Jonathan Mann is a singer and songwriter who is most well known as the "
"<quote>Song A Day</quote> guy. Based in the U.S."
msgstr ""
#. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><blockquote><para>
-#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:5762
+#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:6111
msgid ""
"<ulink url=\"http://jonathanmann.net\"/> and <ulink url=\"http://"
"jonathanmann.bandcamp.com\"/>"
msgstr ""
#. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><blockquote><para>
-#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:5765
+#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:6115
msgid ""
"<emphasis role=\"strong\">Revenue model</emphasis>: charging for custom "
"services, pay-what-you-want, crowdfunding (subscription-based), charging for "
msgstr ""
#. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><blockquote><para>
-#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:5770
+#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:6121
msgid "<emphasis role=\"strong\">Interview date</emphasis>: February 22, 2016"
msgstr ""
#. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para>
-#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:5778
+#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:6129
msgid ""
"Jonathan Mann thinks of his business model as <quote>hustling</quote>—"
"seizing nearly every opportunity he sees to make money. The bulk of his "
msgstr ""
#. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para>
-#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:5790
+#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:6141
msgid ""
"His entrepreneurial spirit is coupled with a willingness to take action "
"quickly. A perfect illustration of his ability to act fast happened in 2010, "
msgstr ""
#. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para>
-#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:5801
+#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:6152
msgid ""
"Jonathan’s successful <quote>hustling</quote> is also about old-fashioned "
"persistence. He is currently in his eighth straight year of writing one song "
msgstr ""
#. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para>
-#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:5808
+#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:6159
msgid ""
"He fell into this role by, naturally, seizing a random opportunity a friend "
"alerted him to seven years ago—an event called Fun-A-Day, where people are "
msgstr ""
#. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para>
-#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:5818
+#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:6169
msgid ""
"He had a really good time doing the thirty-one-day challenge, so he decided "
"to see if he could continue it for one year. He never stopped. He has "
msgstr ""
#. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para>
-#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:5834
+#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:6185
msgid ""
"Over time, the song-a-day gig became the basis of his livelihood. In the "
"beginning, he made money one of two ways. The first was by entering a wide "
msgstr ""
#. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para>
-#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:5843
+#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:6194
msgid ""
"His website explains his gig as <quote>taking any message, from the super "
"simple to the totally complicated, and conveying that message through a "
msgstr ""
#. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para>
-#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:5852
+#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:6203
msgid ""
"Jonathan can’t recall when exactly he first learned about Creative Commons, "
"but he began applying CC licenses to his songs and videos as soon as he "
msgstr ""
#. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para>
-#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:5861
+#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:6212
msgid ""
"His songs are essentially marketing for his services, so obviously the "
"further his songs spread, the better. Using CC licenses helps grease the "
msgstr ""
#. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para>
-#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:5871
+#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:6222
msgid ""
"There are some people who cover his songs fairly regularly, and he would "
"never shut that down. But he acknowledges there is a lot more he could do to "
msgstr ""
#. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para>
-#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:5878
+#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:6229
msgid ""
"He does have a fan community he cultivates on Bandcamp, but it isn’t his "
"major focus. <quote>I do have a core audience that has stuck around for a "
msgstr ""
#. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para>
-#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:5888
+#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:6239
msgid ""
"Jonathan recognizes what comes naturally to him and leverages those skills. "
"Through the practice of daily songwriting, he realized he has a gift for "
msgstr ""
#. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para>
-#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:5900
+#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:6251
msgid ""
"When he is hired by a client to write a song, he first asks them to send a "
"list of talking points and other information they want to include in the "
"thing he tries to do is grok the core message and develop the chorus. Then "
"he looks for connections or parts he can make rhyme. The entire process "
"really does resemble good journalism, but of course the final product of his "
-"work is a song rather than news. <quote>There is something about being "
-"challenged and forced to take information that doesn’t seem like it should "
-"be sung about or doesn’t seem like it lends itself to a song,</quote> he "
-"said. <quote>I find that creative challenge really satisfying. I enjoy "
-"getting lost in that process.</quote>"
+"work is a song rather than news. \"There is something about being challenged "
+"and forced to take information that doesn’t seem like it should be sung about"
msgstr ""
#. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para>
-#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:5916
+#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:6264
+msgid ""
+"or doesn’t seem like it lends itself to a song,\" he said. <quote>I find "
+"that creative challenge really satisfying. I enjoy getting lost in that "
+"process.</quote>"
+msgstr ""
+
+#. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para>
+#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:6269
msgid ""
"Jonathan admits that in an ideal world, he would exclusively write the music "
"he wanted to write, rather than what clients hire him to write. But his "
msgstr ""
#. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para>
-#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:5923
+#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:6276
msgid ""
"Jonathan uses nearly every tool possible to make money from his art, but he "
"does have lines he won’t cross. He won’t write songs about things he "
msgstr ""
#. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para>
-#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:5935
+#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:6288
msgid ""
"Jonathan’s song-a-day commitment exemplifies the power of habit and grit. "
"Conventional wisdom about creative productivity, including advice in books "
msgstr ""
#. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para>
-#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:5944
+#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:6297
msgid ""
"When he speaks about his work, he talks about how much the song-a-day "
"process has changed him. Rather than seeing any given piece of work as "
msgstr ""
#. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para>
-#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:5951
+#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:6304
msgid ""
"Jonathan seems to have this mentality about his career more generally. He is "
"constantly experimenting with ways to make a living while sharing his work "
msgstr ""
#. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para>
-#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:5958
+#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:6312
msgid ""
"<quote>Success feels like it’s over,</quote> he said. <quote>To a certain "
"extent, a creative person is not ever going to feel completely satisfied "
msgstr ""
#. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><title>
-#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:5965
+#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:6319
msgid "Noun Project"
msgstr ""
#. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><blockquote><para>
-#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:5968
+#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:6322
msgid ""
"The Noun Project is a for-profit company offering an online platform to "
"display visual icons from a global network of designers. Founded in 2010 in "
msgstr ""
#. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><blockquote><para>
-#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:5973
+#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:6327
msgid "<ulink url=\"http://thenounproject.com\"/>"
msgstr ""
#. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><blockquote><para>
-#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:5975
+#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:6330
msgid ""
"<emphasis role=\"strong\">Revenue model</emphasis>: charging a transaction "
"fee, charging for custom services"
msgstr ""
#. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><blockquote><para>
-#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:5978
+#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:6334
msgid "<emphasis role=\"strong\">Interview date</emphasis>: October 6, 2015"
msgstr ""
#. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><blockquote><para>
-#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:5981
+#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:6338
msgid ""
"<emphasis role=\"strong\">Interviewee</emphasis>: Edward Boatman, cofounder"
msgstr ""
#. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para>
-#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:5989
+#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:6346
msgid ""
"The Noun Project creates and shares visual language. There are millions who "
"use Noun Project symbols to simplify communication across borders, "
msgstr ""
#. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para>
-#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:5994
+#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:6351
msgid ""
"The original idea for the Noun Project came to cofounder Edward Boatman "
"while he was a student in architecture design school. He’d always done a lot "
msgstr ""
#. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para>
-#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:6002
+#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:6359
msgid ""
"When Edward went on to work at an architecture firm, he had to make a lot of "
"presentation boards for clients. But finding high-quality sources for "
msgstr ""
#. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para>
-#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:6010
+#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:6367
msgid ""
"With his partner, Sofya Polyakov, he began collecting symbols for a website "
"and writing a business plan. Inspiration came from the book Professor and "
msgstr ""
#. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para><footnote><para>
-#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:6021
+#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:6380
msgid ""
"<ulink url=\"http://www.kickstarter.com/projects/tnp/building-a-free-"
"collection-of-our-worlds-visual-sy/description\"/>"
msgstr ""
#. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para>
-#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:6018
+#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:6375
msgid ""
"Then Edward got laid off during the recession, which turned out to be a huge "
"catalyst. He decided to give his idea a go, and in 2010 Edward and Sofya "
msgstr ""
#. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para>
-#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:6027
+#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:6388
msgid ""
"They created a platform where symbols and icons could be uploaded, and "
"Edward began recruiting talented designers to contribute their designs, a "
msgstr ""
#. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para>
-#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:6035
+#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:6396
msgid ""
"The Noun Project currently has about seven thousand designers from around "
"the world. But not all submissions are accepted. The Noun Project’s quality-"
msgstr ""
#. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para>
-#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:6044
+#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:6405
msgid ""
"Creative Commons is an integral part of the Noun Project’s business model; "
"this decision was inspired by Chris Anderson’s book Free: The Future of "
msgstr ""
#. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para>
-#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:6051
+#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:6412
msgid ""
"Edward knew he wanted to offer a free visual language while still providing "
"some protection and reward for its contributors. There is a tension between "
msgstr ""
#. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para>
-#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:6065
+#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:6426
msgid ""
"Noun Project’s business model and means of generating revenue have evolved "
"significantly over time. Their initial plan was to sell T-shirts with the "
msgstr ""
#. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para>
-#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:6076
+#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:6437
msgid ""
"They asked their global network of designers whether they’d be open to "
"receiving modest remuneration instead of attribution. Designers saw it as a "
msgstr ""
#. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para>
-#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:6083
+#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:6444
msgid ""
"The Noun Project first adopted a model whereby using an icon without giving "
"attribution would cost $1.99 per icon. The model’s second iteration added a "
msgstr ""
#. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para>
-#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:6097
+#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:6458
msgid ""
"Customers then began asking for an application-programming interface (API), "
"which would allow Noun Project icons and symbols to be directly accessed "
msgstr ""
#. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para>
-#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:6111
+#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:6472
msgid ""
"The Noun Project shares revenue with its international designers. For one-"
"off purchases, the revenue is split 70 percent to the designer and 30 "
msgstr ""
#. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para>
-#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:6116
+#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:6477
msgid ""
"The revenue from premium purchases (the subscription and API options) is "
"split a little differently. At the end of each month, the total revenue from "
msgstr ""
#. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para><footnote><para>
-#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:6128
-#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:6200
+#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:6491
+#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:6567
msgid ""
"<ulink url=\"http://thenounproject.com/handbook/royalties/#getting_paid\"/>"
msgstr ""
#. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para>
-#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:6127
+#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:6488
msgid ""
"The Noun Project tries to be completely transparent about their royalty "
"structure.<placeholder type=\"footnote\" id=\"0\"/> They tend to over "
msgstr ""
#. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para>
-#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:6132
+#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:6497
msgid ""
"For most creators, contributing to the Noun Project is not a full-time job "
"but something they do on the side. Edward categorizes monthly earnings for "
msgstr ""
#. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para>
-#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:6139
+#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:6504
msgid ""
"Recently the Noun Project launched a new app called Lingo. Designers can "
"use Lingo to organize not just their Noun Project icons and symbols but also "
msgstr ""
#. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para>
-#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:6153
+#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:6518
msgid ""
"The Noun Project gives a ton of value away for free. A very large percentage "
"of their roughly one million members have a free account, but there are "
msgstr ""
#. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para>
-#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:6160
+#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:6525
msgid ""
"For Edward, <quote>creating, sharing, and celebrating the world’s visual "
"language</quote> is the most important aspect of what they do; it’s their "
msgstr ""
#. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para>
-#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:6166
+#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:6531
msgid ""
"Noun Project creators agree. When surveyed on why they participate in the "
"Noun Project, this is how designers rank their reasons: 1) to support the "
msgstr ""
#. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para>
-#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:6175
+#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:6540
msgid ""
"In Edward’s view, Creative Commons is central to their mission of sharing "
"and social good. Using Creative Commons makes the Noun Project’s mission "
msgstr ""
#. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para>
-#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:6182
+#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:6547
msgid ""
"Edward told us, <quote>Don’t underestimate the power of a passionate "
"community around your product or your business. They are going to go to bat "
msgstr ""
#. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para>
-#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:6192
+#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:6557
msgid ""
"The Noun Project nurtures their creators’ second motivation—promoting a "
"personal brand—by connecting every icon and symbol to the creator’s name and "
msgstr ""
#. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para>
-#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:6199
+#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:6564
msgid ""
"The Noun Project also builds community through Iconathons—hackathons for "
"icons.<placeholder type=\"footnote\" id=\"0\"/> In partnership with a "
msgstr ""
#. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para>
-#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:6208
+#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:6577
msgid ""
"Providing a free version of their product that satisfies a lot of their "
"customers’ needs has actually enabled the Noun Project to build the paid "
msgstr ""
#. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><title>
-#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:6219
+#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:6589
msgid "Open Data Institute"
msgstr ""
#. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><blockquote><para>
-#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:6222
+#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:6592
msgid ""
"The Open Data Institute is an independent nonprofit that connects, equips, "
"and inspires people around the world to innovate with data. Founded in 2012 "
msgstr ""
#. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><blockquote><para>
-#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:6227
+#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:6597
msgid "<ulink url=\"http://theodi.org\"/>"
msgstr ""
#. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><blockquote><para>
-#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:6229
+#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:6600
msgid ""
"<emphasis role=\"strong\">Revenue model</emphasis>: grant and government "
"funding, charging for custom services, donations"
msgstr ""
#. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><blockquote><para>
-#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:6232
+#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:6604
msgid "<emphasis role=\"strong\">Interview date</emphasis>: November 11, 2015"
msgstr ""
#. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><blockquote><para>
-#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:6235
+#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:6608
msgid ""
"<emphasis role=\"strong\">Interviewee</emphasis>: Jeni Tennison, technical "
"director"
msgstr ""
#. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para>
-#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:6243
+#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:6616
msgid ""
"Cofounded by Sir Tim Berners-Lee and Sir Nigel Shadbolt in 2012, the London-"
"based Open Data Institute (ODI) offers data-related training, events, "
msgstr ""
#. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para>
-#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:6253
+#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:6626
msgid ""
"Data underpins planning and decision making across all aspects of society. "
"Weather data helps farmers know when to plant their crops, flight time data "
msgstr ""
#. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para>
-#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:6265
+#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:6638
msgid ""
"The Open Data Institute’s 2012–17 business plan starts out by describing its "
"vision to establish itself as a world-leading center and to research and be "
msgstr ""
#. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><itemizedlist><listitem><para>
-#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:6275
+#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:6648
msgid ""
"demonstrate the commercial value of open government data and how open-data "
"policies affect this;"
msgstr ""
#. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><itemizedlist><listitem><para>
-#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:6281
+#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:6654
msgid "develop the economic benefits case and business models for open data;"
msgstr ""
#. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><itemizedlist><listitem><para>
-#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:6287
+#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:6660
msgid "help UK businesses use open data; and"
msgstr ""
#. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><itemizedlist><listitem><para><footnote><para>
-#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:6292
+#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:6667
msgid ""
"<ulink url=\"http://e642e8368e3bf8d5526e-464b4b70b4554c1a79566214d402739e.r6."
"cf3.rackcdn.com/odi-business-plan-may-release.pdf\"/>"
msgstr ""
#. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><itemizedlist><listitem><para>
-#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:6292
+#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:6665
msgid ""
"show how open data can improve public services.<placeholder type=\"footnote"
"\" id=\"0\"/>"
msgstr ""
#. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para>
-#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:6297
+#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:6674
msgid ""
"ODI is very explicit about how it wants to make open business models, and "
"defining what this means. Jeni Tennison, ODI’s technical director, puts it "
msgstr ""
#. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para>
-#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:6307
+#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:6684
msgid ""
"As an independent nonprofit, ODI secured £10 million over five years from "
"the UK government via Innovate UK, an agency that promotes innovation in "
msgstr ""
#. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para>
-#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:6315
+#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:6692
msgid ""
"Jeni started out as a developer and technical architect for data.gov.uk, the "
"UK government’s pioneering open-data initiative. She helped make data sets "
msgstr ""
#. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para>
-#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:6322
+#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:6699
msgid ""
"ODI strives to have half its annual budget come from the core UK government "
"and Omidyar grants, and the other half from project-based research and "
msgstr ""
#. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para>
-#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:6330
+#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:6707
msgid ""
"On the commercial side, ODI generates funding through memberships, training, "
"and advisory services."
msgstr ""
#. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para><footnote><para>
-#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:6345
+#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:6724
msgid "<ulink url=\"http://directory.theodi.org/members\"/>"
msgstr ""
#. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para>
-#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:6334
+#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:6711
msgid ""
"You can join the ODI as an individual or commercial member. Individual "
"membership is pay-what-you-can, with options ranging from £1 to £100. "
msgstr ""
#. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para>
-#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:6348
+#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:6729
msgid ""
"ODI provides standardized open data training courses in which anyone can "
"enroll. The initial idea was to offer an intensive and academically oriented "
msgstr ""
#. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para>
-#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:6362
+#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:6743
msgid ""
"ODI customizes training for clients as well, for which there is more demand. "
"Custom training usually emerges through an established relationship with an "
msgstr ""
#. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para>
-#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:6371
+#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:6752
msgid ""
"Education about open data is also a part of ODI’s annual summit event, where "
"curated presentations and speakers showcase the work of ODI and its members "
msgstr ""
#. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para>
-#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:6379
+#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:6760
msgid ""
"In addition to memberships and training, ODI provides advisory services to "
"help with technical-data support, technology development, change management, "
msgstr ""
#. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para>
-#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:6388
+#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:6769
msgid ""
"On the commercial side, the following value propositions seem to resonate:"
msgstr ""
#. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><itemizedlist><listitem><para>
-#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:6394
+#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:6775
msgid ""
"Data-driven insights. Businesses need data from outside their business to "
"get more insight. Businesses can generate value and more effectively pursue "
msgstr ""
#. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><itemizedlist><listitem><para>
-#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:6402
+#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:6783
msgid ""
"Open innovation. Many large-scale enterprises are aware they don’t innovate "
"very well. One way they can innovate is to open up their data. ODI "
msgstr ""
#. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><itemizedlist><listitem><para>
-#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:6411
+#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:6792
msgid ""
"Corporate social responsibility. While this resonates with businesses, ODI "
"cautions against having it be the sole reason for making data open. If a "
msgstr ""
#. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para>
-#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:6420
+#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:6801
msgid ""
"During their early years, ODI wanted to focus solely on the United Kingdom. "
"But in their first year, large delegations of government visitors from over "
msgstr ""
#. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para>
-#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:6429
+#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:6810
msgid ""
"Nodes are franchises of the ODI at a regional or city level. Hosted by "
"existing (for-profit or not-for-profit) organizations, they operate locally "
msgstr ""
#. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para><footnote><para>
-#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:6443
+#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:6826
msgid ""
"<ulink url=\"http://theodi.org/odi-startup-programme\"/>; <ulink url="
"\"http://theodi.org/open-data-incubator-for-europe\"/>"
msgstr ""
#. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para>
-#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:6441
+#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:6822
msgid ""
"ODI also runs programs to help start-ups in the UK and across Europe develop "
"a sustainable business around open data, offering mentoring, advice, "
msgstr ""
#. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para>
-#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:6447
+#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:6832
msgid ""
"A big part of ODI’s business model revolves around community building. "
"Memberships, training, summits, consulting services, nodes, and start-up "
msgstr ""
#. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para><footnote><para>
-#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:6461
+#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:6848
msgid "<ulink url=\"http://certificates.theodi.org\"/>"
msgstr ""
#. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para>
-#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:6456
+#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:6841
msgid ""
"ODI has created an online tool that organizations can use to assess the "
"legal, practical, technical, and social aspects of their open data. If it is "
msgstr ""
#. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para>
-#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:6464
+#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:6853
msgid ""
"Separate from commercial activities, the ODI generates funding through "
"research grants. Research includes looking at evidence on the impact of open "
msgstr ""
#. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para>
-#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:6470
+#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:6859
msgid ""
"Creative Commons 4.0 licenses cover database rights and ODI recommends CC "
"BY, CC BY-SA, and CC0 for data releases. ODI encourages publishers of data "
msgstr ""
#. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para>
-#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:6477
+#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:6866
msgid ""
"For ODI, open is at the heart of what they do. They also release any "
"software code they produce under open-source-software licenses, and "
msgstr ""
#. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para>
-#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:6495
+#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:6884
msgid ""
"To serve as evidence of a successful open business model and return on "
"investment, ODI has a public dashboard of key performance indicators. Here "
msgstr ""
#. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><itemizedlist><listitem><para>
-#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:6503
+#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:6892
msgid ""
"Total amount of cash investments unlocked in direct investments in ODI, "
"competition funding, direct contracts, and partnerships, and income that ODI "
msgstr ""
#. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><itemizedlist><listitem><para>
-#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:6511
+#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:6900
msgid "Total number of active members and nodes across the globe: 1,350"
msgstr ""
#. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><itemizedlist><listitem><para>
-#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:6517
+#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:6906
msgid "Total sales since ODI began: £7.44 million"
msgstr ""
#. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><itemizedlist><listitem><para>
-#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:6522
+#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:6911
msgid ""
"Total number of unique people reached since ODI began, in person and online: "
"2.2 million"
msgstr ""
#. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><itemizedlist><listitem><para>
-#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:6528
+#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:6917
msgid "Total Open Data Certificates created: 151,000"
msgstr ""
#. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><itemizedlist><listitem><para><footnote><para>
-#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:6534
+#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:6925
msgid "<ulink url=\"http://dashboards.theodi.org/company/all\"/>"
msgstr ""
#. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><itemizedlist><listitem><para>
-#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:6533
+#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:6922
msgid ""
"Total number of people trained by ODI and its nodes since ODI began: "
"5,080<placeholder type=\"footnote\" id=\"0\"/>"
msgstr ""
#. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><title>
-#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:6540
+#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:6934
msgid "OpenDesk"
msgstr ""
#. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><blockquote><para>
-#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:6543
+#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:6937
msgid ""
"Opendesk is a for-profit company offering an online platform that connects "
"furniture designers around the world with customers and local makers who "
msgstr ""
#. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><blockquote><para>
-#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:6549
+#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:6943
msgid "<ulink url=\"http://www.opendesk.cc\"/>"
msgstr ""
#. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><blockquote><para>
-#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:6551
-#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:8982
+#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:6946
+#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:9486
msgid ""
"<emphasis role=\"strong\">Revenue model</emphasis>: charging a transaction "
"fee"
msgstr ""
#. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><blockquote><para>
-#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:6554
+#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:6950
msgid "<emphasis role=\"strong\">Interview date</emphasis>: November 4, 2015"
msgstr ""
#. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><blockquote><para>
-#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:6557
+#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:6954
msgid ""
"<emphasis role=\"strong\">Interviewees</emphasis>: Nick Ierodiaconou and "
"Joni Steiner, cofounders"
msgstr ""
#. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para>
-#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:6565
+#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:6962
msgid ""
"Opendesk is an online platform that connects furniture designers around the "
"world not just with customers but also with local registered makers who "
msgstr ""
#. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para>
-#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:6571
+#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:6968
msgid ""
"Cofounders Nick Ierodiaconou and Joni Steiner studied and worked as "
"architects together. They also made goods. Their first client was Mint "
msgstr ""
#. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para>
-#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:6588
+#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:6985
msgid ""
"When Nick and Joni set out to create Opendesk, there were a lot of questions "
"about the viability of distributed manufacturing. No one was doing it in a "
msgstr ""
#. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para>
-#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:6595
+#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:6992
msgid ""
"And now this sector is emerging, and Nick and Joni are highly interested in "
"the commercialization aspects of it. As part of coming up with a business "
msgstr ""
#. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para>
-#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:6606
+#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:7003
msgid ""
"When designing the Opendesk system, they had two goals. They wanted anyone, "
"anywhere in the world, to be able to download designs so that they could be "
msgstr ""
#. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para>
-#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:6613
+#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:7010
msgid ""
"They gave a lot of thought to three angles—the potential for social sharing, "
"allowing designers to choose their license, and the impact these choices "
msgstr ""
#. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para>
-#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:6618
+#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:7015
msgid ""
"In support of social sharing, Opendesk actively advocates for (but doesn’t "
"demand) open licensing. And Nick and Joni are agnostic about which Creative "
msgstr ""
#. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para><footnote><para>
-#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:6630
+#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:7029
msgid "<ulink url=\"http://www.opendesk.cc/designers\"/>"
msgstr ""
#. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para>
-#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:6626
+#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:7023
msgid ""
"For the most part, designers love the idea of sharing content. They "
"understand that you get positive feedback when you’re attributed, what Nick "
msgstr ""
#. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para>
-#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:6633
+#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:7034
msgid ""
"While designers are largely OK with personal sharing, there is a concern "
"that someone will take the design and manufacture the furniture in bulk, "
msgstr ""
#. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para>
-#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:6640
+#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:7041
msgid ""
"Anyone can download a design and make it themselves, provided it’s for "
"noncommercial use — and there have been many, many downloads. Or users can "
msgstr ""
#. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para><footnote><para>
-#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:6657
+#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:7060
msgid "<ulink url=\"http://www.opendesk.cc/open-making/makers/\"/>"
msgstr ""
#. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para>
-#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:6650
+#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:7051
msgid ""
"Makers benefit from being part of Opendesk’s network. Making furniture for "
"local customers is paid work, and Opendesk generates business for them. Joni "
msgstr ""
#. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para>
-#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:6660
+#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:7065
msgid ""
"The makers are a critical part of the Opendesk business model. Their model "
"builds off the makers’ quotes. Here’s how it’s expressed on Opendesk’s "
msgstr ""
#. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para>
-#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:6665
+#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:7070
msgid ""
"When customers buy an Opendesk product directly from a registered maker, "
"they pay:"
msgstr ""
#. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><itemizedlist><listitem><para>
-#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:6671
+#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:7076
msgid ""
"the manufacturing cost as set by the maker (this covers material and labour "
"costs for the product to be manufactured and any extra assembly costs "
msgstr ""
#. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><itemizedlist><listitem><para>
-#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:6678
+#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:7083
msgid ""
"a design fee for the designer (a design fee that is paid to the designer "
"every time their design is used)"
msgstr ""
#. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><itemizedlist><listitem><para>
-#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:6684
+#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:7089
msgid ""
"a percentage fee to the Opendesk platform (this supports the infrastructure "
"and ongoing development of the platform that helps us build out our "
msgstr ""
#. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><itemizedlist><listitem><para>
-#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:6691
+#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:7096
msgid ""
"a percentage fee to the channel through which the sale is made (at the "
"moment this is Opendesk, but in the future we aim to open this up to third-"
msgstr ""
#. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><itemizedlist><listitem><para>
-#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:6700
+#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:7105
msgid ""
"a local delivery service charge (the delivery is typically charged by the "
"maker, but in some cases may be paid to a third-party delivery partner)"
msgstr ""
#. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><itemizedlist><listitem><para>
-#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:6707
+#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:7112
msgid ""
"charges for any additional services the customer chooses, such as on-site "
"assembly (additional services are discretionary—in many cases makers will be "
msgstr ""
#. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><itemizedlist><listitem><para><footnote><para>
-#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:6716
+#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:7123
msgid "<ulink url=\"http://www.opendesk.cc/open-making/join\"/>"
msgstr ""
#. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><itemizedlist><listitem><para>
-#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:6715
+#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:7120
msgid ""
"local sales taxes (variable by customer and maker location)<placeholder type="
"\"footnote\" id=\"0\"/>"
msgstr ""
#. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para>
-#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:6721
+#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:7130
msgid "They then go into detail how makers’ quotes are created:"
msgstr ""
#. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para>
-#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:6724
+#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:7133
msgid ""
"When a customer wants to buy an Opendesk . . . they are provided with a "
"transparent breakdown of fees including the manufacturing cost, design fee, "
msgstr ""
#. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><itemizedlist><listitem><para>
-#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:6737
+#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:7146
msgid ""
"manufacturing cost: fabrication, finishing and any other costs as set by the "
"maker (excluding any services like delivery or on-site assembly)"
msgstr ""
#. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><itemizedlist><listitem><para>
-#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:6744
+#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:7153
msgid "design fee: 8 percent of the manufacturing cost"
msgstr ""
#. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><itemizedlist><listitem><para>
-#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:6749
+#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:7158
msgid "platform fee: 12 percent of the manufacturing cost"
msgstr ""
#. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><itemizedlist><listitem><para>
-#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:6754
+#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:7163
msgid "channel fee: 18 percent of the manufacturing cost"
msgstr ""
#. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><itemizedlist><listitem><para>
-#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:6759
+#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:7168
msgid "sales tax: as applicable (depends on product and location)"
msgstr ""
#. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para>
-#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:6764
+#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:7173
msgid ""
"Opendesk shares revenue with their community of designers. According to "
"Nick and Joni, a typical designer fee is around 2.5 percent, so Opendesk’s 8 "
msgstr ""
#. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para>
-#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:6770
+#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:7179
msgid ""
"The Opendesk website features stories of designers and makers. Denis Fuzii "
"published the design for the Valovi Chair from his studio in São Paulo. His "
msgstr ""
#. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para>
-#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:6778
+#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:7187
msgid ""
"To manage resources and remain effective, Opendesk has so far focused on a "
"very narrow niche—primarily office furniture of a certain simple aesthetic, "
msgstr ""
#. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para>
-#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:6787
+#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:7196
msgid ""
"On their website, Opendesk describes what they do as <quote>open making</"
"quote>: <quote>Designers get a global distribution channel. Makers get "
msgstr ""
#. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para>
-#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:6795
+#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:7204
msgid ""
"Nick and Joni say that customers like the fact that the furniture has a "
"known provenance. People really like that their furniture was designed by a "
msgstr ""
#. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para><footnote><para>
-#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:6808
+#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:7219
msgid "<ulink url=\"http://openmaking.is\"/>"
msgstr ""
#. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para>
-#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:6803
+#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:7212
msgid ""
"Nick and Joni are taking a community-based approach to define and evolve "
"Opendesk and the <quote>open making</quote> business model. They’re "
msgstr ""
#. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para>
-#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:6812
+#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:7225
msgid ""
"Nick and Joni talked a lot with us about intellectual property (IP) and "
"commercialization. Many of their designers fear the idea that someone could "
msgstr ""
#. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para>
-#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:6820
+#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:7233
msgid ""
"Opendesk established a set of principles for what their community considers "
"commercial and noncommercial use. Their website states:"
msgstr ""
#. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para>
-#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:6824
+#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:7237
msgid "It is unambiguously commercial use when anyone:"
msgstr ""
#. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><itemizedlist><listitem><para>
-#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:6829
+#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:7242
msgid "charges a fee or makes a profit when making an Opendesk"
msgstr ""
#. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><itemizedlist><listitem><para>
-#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:6834
+#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:7247
msgid "sells (or bases a commercial service on) an Opendesk"
msgstr ""
#. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para>
-#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:6839
+#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:7252
msgid ""
"It follows from this that noncommercial use is when you make an Opendesk "
"yourself, with no intention to gain commercial advantage or monetary "
msgstr ""
#. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><itemizedlist><listitem><para>
-#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:6847
+#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:7260
msgid ""
"you are an individual with your own CNC machine, or access to a shared CNC "
"machine, and will personally cut and make a few pieces of furniture yourself"
msgstr ""
#. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><itemizedlist><listitem><para>
-#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:6854
+#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:7267
msgid ""
"you are a student (or teacher) and you use the design files for educational "
"purposes or training (and do not intend to sell the resulting pieces)"
msgstr ""
#. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><itemizedlist><listitem><para>
-#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:6861
+#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:7274
msgid ""
"you work for a charity and get furniture cut by volunteers, or by employees "
"at a fab lab or maker space"
msgstr ""
#. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para>
-#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:6867
+#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:7280
msgid ""
"Whether or not people technically are doing things that implicate IP, Nick "
"and Joni have found that people tend to comply with the wishes of creators "
msgstr ""
#. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para>
-#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:6878
+#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:7291
msgid ""
"The mission of Opendesk is about relocalizing manufacturing, which changes "
"the way we think about how goods are made. Commercialization is integral to "
msgstr ""
#. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para>
-#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:6885
+#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:7298
msgid ""
"As a global platform for local making, Opendesk’s business model has been "
"built on honesty, transparency, and inclusivity. As Nick and Joni describe "
msgstr ""
#. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><title>
-#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:6892
+#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:7306
msgid "OpenStax"
msgstr ""
#. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><blockquote><para>
-#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:6895
+#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:7309
msgid ""
"OpenStax is a nonprofit that provides free, openly licensed textbooks for "
"high-enrollment introductory college courses and Advanced Placement courses. "
msgstr ""
#. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><blockquote><para>
-#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:6900
+#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:7314
msgid "<ulink url=\"http://www.openstaxcollege.org\"/>"
msgstr ""
#. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><blockquote><para>
-#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:6902
+#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:7317
msgid ""
"<emphasis role=\"strong\">Revenue model</emphasis>: grant funding, charging "
"for custom services, charging for physical copies (textbook sales)"
msgstr ""
#. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><blockquote><para>
-#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:6906
+#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:7322
msgid "<emphasis role=\"strong\">Interview date</emphasis>: December 16, 2015"
msgstr ""
#. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><blockquote><para>
-#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:6909
+#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:7326
msgid ""
"<emphasis role=\"strong\">Interviewee</emphasis>: David Harris, editor-in-"
"chief"
msgstr ""
#. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para>
-#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:6917
+#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:7334
msgid ""
"OpenStax is an extension of a program called Connexions, which was started "
"in 1999 by Dr. Richard Baraniuk, the Victor E. Cameron Professor of "
msgstr ""
#. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para>
-#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:6929
+#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:7346
msgid ""
"In 2008, while in a senior leadership role at WebAssign and looking at ways "
"to reduce the risk that came with relying on publishers, David Harris began "
msgstr ""
#. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para>
-#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:6940
+#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:7357
msgid ""
"David brought with him a deep understanding of the best practices of "
"publishing along with where publishers have inefficiencies. In David’s view, "
msgstr ""
#. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para><footnote><para>
-#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:6958
+#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:7377
msgid ""
"<ulink url=\"http://news.rice.edu/files/2016/01/0119-"
"OPENSTAX-2016Infographic-lg-1tahxiu.jpg\"/>"
msgstr ""
#. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para>
-#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:6952
+#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:7369
msgid ""
"In 2012, OpenStax College launched as a nonprofit with the aim of producing "
"high-quality, peer-reviewed full-color textbooks that would be available for "
msgstr ""
#. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para>
-#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:6962
+#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:7383
msgid ""
"OpenStax textbooks are all Attribution (CC BY) licensed, and each textbook "
"is available as a PDF, an e-book, or web pages. Those who want a physical "
msgstr ""
#. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para>
-#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:6971
+#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:7392
msgid ""
"Teachers are invited to try out a single chapter from one of the textbooks "
"with students. If that goes well, they’re encouraged to adopt the entire "
msgstr ""
#. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para>
-#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:6979
+#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:7400
msgid ""
"Any teacher can post corrections, suggest examples for difficult concepts, "
"or volunteer as an editor or author. As many teachers also want supplemental "
msgstr ""
#. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para><footnote><para>
-#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:6990
+#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:7413
msgid "<ulink url=\"http://openstax.org/adopters\"/>"
msgstr ""
#. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para>
-#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:6986
+#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:7407
msgid ""
"Institutions can stand out by offering students a lower-cost education "
"through the use of OpenStax textbooks; there’s even a textbook-savings "
msgstr ""
#. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para>
-#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:6993
+#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:7418
msgid ""
"Unlike traditional publishers’ monolithic approach of controlling "
"intellectual property, distribution, and so many other aspects, OpenStax has "
msgstr ""
#. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para>
-#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:6999
+#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:7424
msgid ""
"Up-front funding of a professionally produced all-color turnkey textbook is "
"expensive. For this part of their model, OpenStax relies on philanthropy. "
msgstr ""
#. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para>
-#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:7010
+#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:7435
msgid ""
"However, ongoing operations will not rely on foundation grants but instead "
"on funds received through an ecosystem of over forty partners, whereby a "
msgstr ""
#. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para>
-#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:7020
+#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:7445
msgid ""
"Another example is Odigia, who has turned OpenStax books into interactive "
"learning experiences and created additional tools to measure and promote "
msgstr ""
#. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para>
-#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:7030
+#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:7455
msgid ""
"In David’s view, this approach lets the market operate at peak efficiency. "
"OpenStax’s partners don’t have to worry about developing textbook content, "
msgstr ""
#. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para>
-#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:7042
+#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:7467
msgid ""
"OpenStax’s cost of sales to acquire a single student is very, very low and "
"is a fraction of what traditional players in the market face. This year, "
msgstr ""
#. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para>
-#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:7050
+#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:7475
msgid ""
"While OpenStax books are available online for free, many students still want "
"a print copy. Through a partnership with a print and courier company, "
msgstr ""
#. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para>
-#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:7060
+#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:7485
msgid ""
"Campus-based bookstores are part of the OpenStax solution. OpenStax "
"collaborates with NACSCORP (the National Association of College Stores "
msgstr ""
#. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para>
-#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:7073
+#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:7498
msgid ""
"David thinks of the OpenStax model as <quote>OER 2.0.</quote> So what is OER "
"1.0? Historically in the OER field, many OER initiatives have been locally "
msgstr ""
#. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para>
-#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:7081
+#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:7506
msgid ""
"OER 2.0 is about OER intended to be used and adopted on a national level "
"right from the start. This requires a bigger investment up front but pays "
msgstr ""
#. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para>
-#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:7094
+#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:7519
msgid ""
"The process is similar for both models. First they look at the scope and "
"sequence of existing textbooks. They ask questions like what does the "
msgstr ""
#. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para>
-#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:7112
+#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:7537
msgid ""
"All the people involved in this process are paid. OpenStax does not rely on "
"volunteers. Writers, reviewers, illustrators, and editors are all paid an up-"
msgstr ""
#. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para>
-#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:7122
+#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:7547
msgid ""
"David thinks of the Attribution license (CC BY) as the <quote>innovation "
"license.</quote> It’s core to the mission of OpenStax, letting people use "
msgstr ""
#. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para>
-#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:7132
+#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:7557
msgid ""
"Using CC BY is also a good example of using strategies that traditional "
"publishers can’t. Traditional publishers rely on copyright to prevent others "
msgstr ""
#. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para>
-#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:7142
+#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:7567
msgid ""
"As of September 16, 2016, OpenStax has achieved some impressive results. "
"From the OpenStax at a Glance fact sheet from their recent press kit:"
msgstr ""
#. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><itemizedlist><listitem><para>
-#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:7149
+#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:7574
msgid "Books published: 23"
msgstr ""
#. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><itemizedlist><listitem><para>
-#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:7154
+#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:7579
msgid "Students who have used OpenStax: 1.6 million"
msgstr ""
#. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><itemizedlist><listitem><para>
-#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:7159
+#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:7584
msgid "Money saved for students: $155 million"
msgstr ""
#. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><itemizedlist><listitem><para>
-#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:7164
+#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:7589
msgid "Money saved for students in the 2016/17 academic year: $77 million"
msgstr ""
#. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><itemizedlist><listitem><para>
-#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:7170
+#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:7595
msgid ""
"Schools that have used OpenStax: 2,668 (This number reflects all "
"institutions using at least one OpenStax textbook. Out of 2,668 schools, 517 "
msgstr ""
#. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para>
-#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:7179
+#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:7604
msgid ""
"While OpenStax has to date been focused on the United States, there is "
"overseas adoption especially in the science, technology, engineering, and "
msgstr ""
#. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para>
-#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:7186
+#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:7611
msgid ""
"OpenStax has primarily focused on introductory-level college courses where "
"there is high enrollment, but they are starting to think about verticals—a "
msgstr ""
#. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para>
-#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:7194
+#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:7619
msgid ""
"Finally, for OpenStax success is not just about the adoption of their "
"textbooks and student savings. There is a human aspect to the work that is "
msgstr ""
#. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><title>
-#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:7207
+#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:7633
msgid "Amanda Palmer"
msgstr ""
#. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><blockquote><para>
-#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:7210
+#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:7636
msgid "Amanda Palmer is a musician, artist, and writer. Based in the U.S."
msgstr ""
#. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><blockquote><para>
-#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:7214
+#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:7640
msgid "<ulink url=\"http://amandapalmer.net\"/>"
msgstr ""
#. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><blockquote><para>
-#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:7216
+#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:7643
msgid ""
"<emphasis role=\"strong\">Revenue model</emphasis>: crowdfunding "
"(subscription-based), pay-what-you-want, charging for physical copies (book "
msgstr ""
#. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><blockquote><para>
-#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:7221
+#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:7649
msgid "<emphasis role=\"strong\">Interview date</emphasis>: December 15, 2015"
msgstr ""
#. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para><footnote><para>
-#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:7232
+#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:7662
msgid ""
"<ulink url=\"http://www.forbes.com/sites/zackomalleygreenburg/2015/04/16/"
"amanda-palmer-uncut-the-kickstarter-queen-on-spotify-patreon-and-taylor-"
msgstr ""
#. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para>
-#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:7229
+#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:7657
msgid ""
"Since the beginning of her career, Amanda Palmer has been on what she calls "
"a <quote>journey with no roadmap,</quote> continually experimenting to find "
msgstr ""
#. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para>
-#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:7235
+#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:7667
msgid ""
"In her best-selling book, The Art of Asking, Amanda articulates exactly what "
"she has been and continues to strive for—<quote>the ideal sweet spot . . . "
msgstr ""
#. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para>
-#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:7242
+#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:7674
msgid ""
"While she seems to have successfully found that sweet spot for herself, "
"Amanda is the first to acknowledge there is no silver bullet. She thinks the "
msgstr ""
#. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para>
-#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:7251
+#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:7683
msgid ""
"Amanda began her artistic career as a street performer. She would dress up "
"in an antique wedding gown, paint her face white, stand on a stack of milk "
msgstr ""
#. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para>
-#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:7265
+#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:7697
msgid ""
"Amanda has come a long way from her street-performing days, but her career "
"remains dominated by that same sentiment—finding ways to reach <quote>her "
msgstr ""
#. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para>
-#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:7276
+#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:7708
msgid ""
"After leaving the record label in 2008, she began experimenting with "
"different ways to make a living. She released music directly to the public "
msgstr ""
#. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para>
-#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:7288
+#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:7720
msgid ""
"Today, Amanda has switched gears away from crowdfunding for specific "
"projects to instead getting consistent financial support from her fan base "
msgstr ""
#. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para>
-#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:7300
+#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:7732
msgid ""
"Making her music and art available under Creative Commons licensing "
"undoubtedly limits her options for how she makes a living. But sharing her "
msgstr ""
#. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para>
-#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:7318
+#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:7750
msgid ""
"Amanda embraces the way her fans share and build upon her music. In The Art "
"of Asking, she wrote that some of her fans’ unofficial videos using her "
msgstr ""
#. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para>
-#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:7326
+#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:7758
msgid ""
"This is symbolic of how nearly everything she does in her career is "
"motivated by a desire to connect with her fans. At the start of her career, "
msgstr ""
#. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para>
-#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:7336
+#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:7768
msgid ""
"Even though her fan base is now huge and global, she continues to seek this "
"sort of human connection with her fans. She seeks out face-to-face contact "
msgstr ""
#. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para>
-#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:7348
+#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:7780
msgid ""
"Another part of the connection fans feel with Amanda is how much they know "
"about her life. Rather than trying to craft a public persona or image, she "
msgstr ""
#. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para>
-#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:7357
+#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:7790
msgid ""
"<quote>With social media, we’re so concerned with the picture looking "
"palatable and consumable that we forget that being human and showing the "
msgstr ""
#. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para>
-#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:7366
+#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:7799
msgid ""
"Not only does she disclose intimate details of her life to them, she sleeps "
"on their couches, listens to their stories, cries with them. In short, she "
msgstr ""
#. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para>
-#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:7376
+#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:7809
msgid ""
"After years of investing time and energy into building trust with her fans, "
"she has a strong enough relationship with them to ask for support—through "
msgstr ""
#. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para>
-#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:7385
+#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:7819
msgid ""
"<quote>When you openly, radically trust people, they not only take care of "
"you, they become your allies, your family,</quote> she wrote. There really "
msgstr ""
#. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para>
-#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:7393
+#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:7827
msgid ""
"This sort of intimacy with fans is not possible or even desirable for every "
"creator. <quote>I don’t take for granted that I happen to be the type of "
msgstr ""
#. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para>
-#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:7403
+#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:7837
msgid ""
"Yet while Amanda joyfully interacts with her fans and involves them in her "
"work as much as possible, she does keep one job primarily to herself—writing "
msgstr ""
#. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para>
-#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:7416
+#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:7850
msgid ""
"For Amanda, the entire point of being an artist is to establish and maintain "
"this connection. <quote>It sounds so corny,</quote> she said, <quote>but my "
msgstr ""
#. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para>
-#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:7426
+#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:7860
msgid ""
"As she explains it, when a fan gives her a ten-dollar bill, usually what "
"they are saying is that the money symbolizes some deeper value the music "
msgstr ""
#. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><title>
-#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:7437
+#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:7872
msgid "PLOS (Public Library of Science)"
msgstr ""
#. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><blockquote><para>
-#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:7440
+#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:7875
msgid ""
"PLOS (Public Library of Science) is a nonprofit that publishes a library of "
"academic journals and other scientific literature. Founded in 2000 in the U."
msgstr ""
#. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><blockquote><para>
-#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:7445
+#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:7880
msgid "<ulink url=\"http://plos.org\"/>"
msgstr ""
#. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><blockquote><para>
-#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:7447
+#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:7883
msgid ""
"<emphasis role=\"strong\">Revenue model</emphasis>: charging content "
"creators an author processing charge to be featured in the journal"
msgstr ""
#. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><blockquote><para>
-#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:7451
+#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:7888
msgid "<emphasis role=\"strong\">Interview date</emphasis>: March 7, 2016"
msgstr ""
#. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><blockquote><para>
-#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:7453
+#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:7891
msgid ""
"<emphasis role=\"strong\">Interviewee</emphasis>: Louise Page, publisher"
msgstr ""
#. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para>
-#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:7461
+#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:7899
msgid ""
"The Public Library of Science (PLOS) began in 2000 when three leading "
"scientists—Harold E. Varmus, Patrick O. Brown, and Michael Eisen—started an "
msgstr ""
#. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para>
-#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:7475
+#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:7913
msgid ""
"Traditionally, academic publishing begins with an author submitting a "
"manuscript to a publisher. After in-house technical and ethical "
msgstr ""
#. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para>
-#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:7486
+#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:7924
msgid ""
"For Louise Page, the current publisher of PLOS, this traditional model "
"results in inequity. Access is restricted to those who can pay. Most "
msgstr ""
#. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para>
-#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:7498
+#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:7936
msgid ""
"That new model became known as open access. That is, free and open "
"availability on the Internet. Open-access research articles are not behind a "
msgstr ""
#. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para>
-#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:7510
+#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:7948
msgid ""
"However, open access requires rethinking the business model of research "
"publication. Rather than charge a subscription fee to access the journal, "
msgstr ""
#. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para>
-#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:7522
+#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:7960
msgid ""
"Calculating the article-processing charge involves taking all the costs "
"associated with publishing the journal and determining a cost per article "
msgstr ""
#. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para>
-#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:7531
+#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:7969
msgid ""
"PLOS believes that lack of funds should not be a barrier to publication. "
"Since its inception, PLOS has provided fee support for individuals and "
msgstr ""
#. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para>
-#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:7537
+#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:7975
msgid ""
"Louise identifies marketing as one area of big difference between PLOS and "
"traditional journal publishers. Traditional journals have to invest heavily "
msgstr ""
#. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para>
-#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:7554
+#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:7992
msgid ""
"For Louise, PLOS would not exist without the Attribution license (CC BY). "
"This makes it very clear what rights are associated with the content and "
msgstr ""
#. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para>
-#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:7562
+#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:8000
msgid ""
"PLOS also has a broad open-data policy. To get their research paper "
"published, PLOS authors must also make their data available in a public "
msgstr ""
#. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para>
-#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:7567
+#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:8005
msgid ""
"Business-operation costs associated with the open-access model still largely "
"follow the existing publishing model. PLOS journals are online only, but the "
msgstr ""
#. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para>
-#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:7576
+#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:8014
msgid ""
"Researchers are influenced by journal rankings, which reflect the place of a "
"journal within its field, the relative difficulty of being published in that "
msgstr ""
#. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para>
-#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:7582
+#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:8020
msgid ""
"The promotion and tenure of researchers are partially based how many times "
"other researchers cite their articles. Louise says when researchers want to "
msgstr ""
#. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para>
-#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:7591
+#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:8029
msgid ""
"Louise believes that open access has been a huge success, progressing from a "
"movement led by a small cadre of researchers to something that is now "
msgstr ""
#. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para>
-#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:7599
+#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:8037
msgid ""
"PLOS further disrupted the traditional journal-publishing model by "
"pioneering the concept of a megajournal. The PLOS ONE megajournal, launched "
msgstr ""
#. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para>
-#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:7623
+#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:8061
msgid ""
"Louise outlined some other aspects of the research-journal business model "
"PLOS is experimenting with, describing each as a kind of slider that could "
msgstr ""
#. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para>
-#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:7628
+#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:8066
msgid ""
"One slider is time to publication. Time to publication may shorten as "
"journals get better at providing quicker decisions to authors. However, "
msgstr ""
#. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para>
-#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:7635
+#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:8073
msgid ""
"Peer review is another part of the process that could change. It’s possible "
"to redefine what peer review actually is, when to review, and what "
msgstr ""
#. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para>
-#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:7647
+#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:8085
msgid ""
"Louise says research with negative outcomes is almost as important as "
"positive results. If journals published more research with negative "
msgstr ""
#. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para>
-#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:7654
+#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:8092
msgid ""
"Another adjustable practice is the sharing of articles at early preprint "
"stages. Publication of research in a peer-reviewed journal can take a long "
msgstr ""
#. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para>
-#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:7672
+#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:8110
msgid ""
"What constitutes a journal article could also change. The idea of a research "
"article as printed, bound, and in a library stack is outdated. Digital and "
msgstr ""
#. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para><footnote><para>
-#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:7686
+#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:8126
msgid "<ulink url=\"http://collections.plos.org\"/>"
msgstr ""
#. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para><footnote><para>
-#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:7690
+#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:8134
msgid "<ulink url=\"http://plos.org/article-level-metrics\"/>"
msgstr ""
#. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para>
-#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:7682
+#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:8120
msgid ""
"As journals scale up, and new journals are introduced, more and more "
"information is being pushed out to readers, making the experience feel like "
msgstr ""
#. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para>
-#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:7695
+#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:8141
msgid ""
"The big picture for PLOS going forward is to combine and adjust these "
"experimental practices in ways that continue to improve accessibility and "
msgstr ""
#. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para>
-#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:7705
+#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:8151
msgid ""
"For PLOS, success is not about revenue. Success is about proving that "
"scientific research can be communicated rapidly and economically at scale, "
msgstr ""
#. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para>
-#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:7715
+#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:8161
msgid ""
"Ultimately, for PLOS, its authors, and its readers, success is about making "
"research discoverable, available, and reproducible for the advancement of "
msgstr ""
#. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><title>
-#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:7721
+#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:8168
msgid "Rijksmuseum"
msgstr ""
#. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><blockquote><para>
-#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:7724
+#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:8171
msgid ""
"The Rijksmuseum is a Dutch national museum dedicated to art and history. "
"Founded in 1800 in the Netherlands"
msgstr ""
#. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><blockquote><para>
-#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:7728
+#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:8175
msgid "<ulink url=\"http://www.rijksmuseum.nl\"/>"
msgstr ""
#. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><blockquote><para>
-#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:7730
+#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:8178
msgid ""
"<emphasis role=\"strong\">Revenue model</emphasis>: grants and government "
"funding, charging for in-person version (museum admission), selling "
msgstr ""
#. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><blockquote><para>
-#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:7734
+#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:8183
msgid "<emphasis role=\"strong\">Interview date</emphasis>: December 11, 2015"
msgstr ""
#. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><blockquote><para>
-#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:7737
+#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:8187
msgid ""
"<emphasis role=\"strong\">Interviewee</emphasis>: Lizzy Jongma, the data "
"manager of the collections information department"
msgstr ""
#. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para>
-#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:7745
+#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:8195
msgid ""
"The Rijksmuseum, a national museum in the Netherlands dedicated to art and "
"history, has been housed in its current building since 1885. The monumental "
msgstr ""
#. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para>
-#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:7761
+#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:8211
msgid ""
"By the time Lizzy Jongma joined the Rijksmuseum in 2011 as a data manager, "
"staff were fed up with the situation the museum was in. They also realized "
msgstr ""
#. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para>
-#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:7775
+#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:8225
msgid ""
"It was effective but a bit boring. It was just data. A hackathon they were "
"invited to got them to start talking about events like that as having "
msgstr ""
#. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para><footnote><para>
-#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:7786
+#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:8238
msgid "<ulink url=\"http://www.europeana.eu/portal/en\"/>"
msgstr ""
#. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para>
-#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:7784
+#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:8234
msgid ""
"Then, Lizzy says, Europeana came along. Europeana is Europe’s digital "
"library, museum, and archive for cultural heritage.<placeholder type="
msgstr ""
#. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para>
-#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:7798
+#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:8252
msgid ""
"They realized that they don’t <quote>own</quote> the collection and couldn’t "
"realistically monitor and enforce compliance with the restrictive licensing "
msgstr ""
#. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para>
-#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:7811
+#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:8265
msgid ""
"In 2011 the Rijksmuseum began making their digital photos of works known to "
"be free of copyright available online, using Creative Commons CC0 to place "
msgstr ""
#. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para>
-#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:7825
+#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:8279
msgid ""
"In 2013 the Rijksmuseum changed its business model. They Creative Commons "
"licensed their highest-quality images and released them online for free. "
msgstr ""
#. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para>
-#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:7836
+#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:8290
msgid ""
"Releasing these high-quality images for free reduced the number of poor-"
"quality images that were proliferating. The high-quality image of Vermeer’s "
msgstr ""
#. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para>
-#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:7851
+#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:8305
msgid ""
"Every museum tends to be driven by the number of physical visitors. The "
"Rijksmuseum is primarily publicly funded, receiving roughly 70 percent of "
msgstr ""
#. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para>
-#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:7859
+#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:8313
msgid ""
"As museums create a digital presence for themselves and put up digital "
"representations of their collection online, there’s frequently a worry that "
msgstr ""
#. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para><footnote><para>
-#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:7879
+#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:8335
msgid "<ulink url=\"http://www.rijksmuseum.nl/en/rijksstudio\"/>"
msgstr ""
#. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para>
-#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:7873
+#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:8327
msgid ""
"In 2011 the Rijksmuseum received €1 million from the Dutch lottery to create "
"a new web presence that would be different from any other museum’s. In "
msgstr ""
#. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para>
-#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:7882
+#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:8340
msgid ""
"The Rijksstudio gives users access to over two hundred thousand high-quality "
"digital representations of masterworks from the collection. Users can zoom "
msgstr ""
#. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para>
-#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:7893
+#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:8351
msgid ""
"Users have created over 276,000 Rijksstudios, generating their own themed "
"virtual exhibitions on a wide variety of topics ranging from tapestries to "
msgstr ""
#. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para>
-#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:7900
+#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:8358
msgid ""
"Some contemporary artists who have works in the Rijksmuseum collection "
"contacted them to ask why their works were not included in the Rijksstudio. "
msgstr ""
#. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para><footnote><para>
-#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:7920
+#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:8380
msgid ""
"<ulink url=\"http://www.etsy.com/ca/listing/175696771/fringe-kimono-silk-"
"kimono-kimono-robe\"/>"
msgstr ""
#. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para>
-#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:7911
+#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:8369
msgid ""
"The Rijksmuseum believes that art stimulates entrepreneurial activity. The "
"line between creative and commercial can be blurry. As Lizzy says, even "
msgstr ""
#. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para><footnote><para>
-#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:7924
+#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:8388
msgid ""
"<ulink url=\"http://www.rijksmuseum.nl/en/rijksstudio-award\"/>; the 2014 "
"award: <ulink url=\"http://www.rijksmuseum.nl/en/rijksstudio-award-2014\"/>; "
msgstr ""
#. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para><footnote><para>
-#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:7936
+#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:8404
msgid ""
"<ulink url=\"http://www.rijksmuseum.nl/nl/rijksstudio/142328--nominees-"
"rijksstudio-award/creaties/ba595afe-452d-46bd-9c8c-48dcbdd7f0a4\"/>"
msgstr ""
#. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para>
-#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:7923
+#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:8385
msgid ""
"In 2013 the Rijksmuseum organized their first high-profile design "
"competition, known as the Rijksstudio Award.<placeholder type=\"footnote\" "
msgstr ""
#. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para>
-#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:7942
+#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:8412
msgid ""
"For the next iteration of the Rijksstudio, the Rijksmuseum is considering an "
"upload tool, for people to upload their own works of art, and enhanced "
msgstr ""
#. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para>
-#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:7948
+#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:8418
msgid ""
"Going with a more open business model generated lots of publicity for the "
"Rijksmuseum. They were one of the first museums to open up their collection "
msgstr ""
#. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para>
-#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:7957
+#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:8427
msgid ""
"The Rijksmuseum has been experimenting with other ways to invite the public "
"to look at and interact with their collection. On an international day "
msgstr ""
#. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para>
-#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:7970
+#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:8440
msgid ""
"For the Rijksmuseum, adopting an open business model was scary. They came "
"up with many worst-case scenarios, imagining all kinds of awful things "
msgstr ""
#. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><title>
-#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:7990
+#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:8461
msgid "Shareable"
msgstr ""
#. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><blockquote><para>
-#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:7993
+#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:8464
msgid ""
"Shareable is an online magazine about sharing. Founded in 2009 in the U.S."
msgstr ""
#. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><blockquote><para>
-#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:7997
+#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:8468
msgid "<ulink url=\"http://www.shareable.net\"/>"
msgstr ""
#. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><blockquote><para>
-#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:7999
+#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:8471
msgid ""
"<emphasis role=\"strong\">Revenue model</emphasis>: grant funding, "
"crowdfunding (project-based), donations, sponsorships"
msgstr ""
#. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><blockquote><para>
-#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:8002
+#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:8475
msgid "<emphasis role=\"strong\">Interview date</emphasis>: February 24, 2016"
msgstr ""
#. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><blockquote><para>
-#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:8005
+#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:8479
msgid ""
"<emphasis role=\"strong\">Interviewee</emphasis>: Neal Gorenflo, cofounder "
"and executive editor"
msgstr ""
#. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para>
-#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:8013
+#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:8487
msgid ""
"In 2013, Shareable faced an impasse. The nonprofit online publication had "
"helped start a sharing movement four years prior, but over time, they "
msgstr ""
#. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para>
-#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:8024
+#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:8498
msgid ""
"As an organization, Shareable decided to draw a line in the sand. In 2013, "
"the cofounder and executive editor Neal Gorenflo wrote an opinion piece in "
msgstr ""
#. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para>
-#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:8036
+#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:8510
msgid ""
"Neal said their public critique of the corporate sharing economy defined "
"what Shareable was and is. He does not think the magazine would still be "
msgstr ""
#. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para>
-#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:8046
+#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:8520
msgid ""
"Interestingly, impassioned supporters are only a small sliver of Shareable’s "
"total audience. Most are casual readers who come across a Shareable story "
msgstr ""
#. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para>
-#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:8057
+#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:8531
msgid ""
"Shareable is a magazine, but the content they publish is a means to "
"furthering their role as a leader and catalyst of a movement. Shareable "
msgstr ""
#. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para>
-#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:8069
+#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:8543
msgid ""
"They have worked hard to find ways to tell stories that show different "
"metrics for success. <quote>We wanted to change the notion of what "
msgstr ""
#. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para>
-#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:8081
+#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:8555
msgid ""
"More than half of Shareable’s stories are written by paid journalists that "
"are contracted by the magazine. <quote>Particularly in content areas that "
msgstr ""
#. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para>
-#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:8096
+#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:8570
msgid ""
"All of Shareable’s original content is published under the Attribution "
"license (CC BY), meaning it can be used for any purpose as long as credit is "
msgstr ""
#. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para>
-#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:8111
+#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:8585
msgid ""
"In addition to their regular news and commentary online, Shareable has also "
"experimented with book publishing. In 2012, they worked with a traditional "
msgstr ""
#. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para>
-#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:8121
+#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:8595
msgid ""
"In 2016, Shareable self-published a book of curated Shareable stories called "
"How to: Share, Save Money and Have Fun. The book was available for sale, but "
msgstr ""
#. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para>
-#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:8128
+#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:8602
msgid ""
"This recent book is one of many fund-raising experiments Shareable has "
"conducted in recent years. Currently, Shareable is primarily funded by "
msgstr ""
#. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para>
-#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:8138
+#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:8612
msgid ""
"For Shareable, success is very much about their impact on the world. This is "
"true for Neal, but also for everyone who works for Shareable. <quote>We "
msgstr ""
#. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para>
-#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:8151
+#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:8625
msgid ""
"In 2013, Shareable ran its first crowdfunding campaign to launch their "
"Sharing Cities Network. Neal said at first they were on pace to fail "
msgstr ""
#. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para>
-#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:8161
+#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:8635
msgid ""
"For Neal, this symbolized how so much of success comes down to "
"relationships. Over time, Shareable has invested time and energy into the "
msgstr ""
#. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para>
-#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:8168
+#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:8642
msgid ""
"Shareable began hosting events in 2010. These events were designed to bring "
"the sharing community together. But over time they realized they could reach "
msgstr ""
#. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para>
-#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:8185
+#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:8659
msgid ""
"Neal says Shareable stumbled upon this strategy, but it seems to perfectly "
"encapsulate just how the commons is supposed to work. Rather than a one-"
msgstr ""
#. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><title>
-#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:8193
+#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:8667
msgid "Siyavula"
msgstr ""
#. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><blockquote><para>
-#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:8196
+#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:8670
msgid ""
"Siyavula is a for-profit educational-technology company that creates "
"textbooks and integrated learning experiences. Founded in 2012 in South "
msgstr ""
#. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><blockquote><para>
-#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:8201
+#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:8675
msgid "<ulink url=\"http://www.siyavula.com\"/>"
msgstr ""
#. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><blockquote><para>
-#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:8203
+#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:8678
msgid ""
"<emphasis role=\"strong\">Revenue model</emphasis>: charging for custom "
"services, sponsorships"
msgstr ""
#. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><blockquote><para>
-#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:8206
+#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:8682
msgid "<emphasis role=\"strong\">Interview date</emphasis>: April 5, 2016"
msgstr ""
#. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><blockquote><para>
-#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:8208
+#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:8685
msgid "<emphasis role=\"strong\">Interviewee</emphasis>: Mark Horner, CEO"
msgstr ""
#. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para>
-#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:8215
+#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:8692
msgid ""
"Openness is a key principle for Siyavula. They believe that every learner "
"and teacher should have access to high-quality educational resources, as "
msgstr ""
#. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para>
-#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:8223
+#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:8700
msgid ""
"In terms of creating an open business model that involves Creative Commons, "
"Siyavula—and its founder, Mark Horner—have been around the block a few "
msgstr ""
#. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para>
-#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:8230
+#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:8707
msgid ""
"It all started in 2002, when Mark and several other colleagues at the "
"University of Cape Town in South Africa founded the Free High School Science "
msgstr ""
#. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para><footnote><para>
-#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:8241
+#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:8720
msgid "<ulink url=\"http://www.gnu.org/licenses/fdl\"/>"
msgstr ""
#. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para>
-#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:8238
+#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:8715
msgid ""
"As physicists, Mark and his colleagues were advocates of open-source "
"software. To make the books open and free, they adopted the Free Software "
msgstr ""
#. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para>
-#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:8247
+#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:8728
msgid ""
"In 2007, the Shuttleworth Foundation offered funding support to make the "
"textbooks available for trial use at more schools. Surveys before and after "
msgstr ""
#. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para>
-#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:8255
+#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:8736
msgid ""
"But the development of new textbooks froze at this stage. Mark shifted his "
"focus to rural schools, which didn’t have textbooks at all, and looked into "
msgstr ""
#. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para><footnote><para>
-#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:8265
+#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:8748
msgid "<ulink url=\"http://www.capetowndeclaration.org\"/>"
msgstr ""
#. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para>
-#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:8261
+#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:8742
msgid ""
"In 2007, Shuttleworth and the Open Society Institute convened a group of "
"open-education activists for a small but lively meeting in Cape Town. One "
msgstr ""
#. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para>
-#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:8270
+#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:8755
msgid ""
"They wrote six original textbooks. A small publishing company offered "
"Shuttleworth the option to buy out the publisher’s existing K–9 content for "
msgstr ""
#. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para>
-#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:8278
+#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:8763
msgid ""
"Mark wanted to build out the remaining curricula collaboratively through "
"communities of practice—that is, with fellow educators and writers. Although "
msgstr ""
#. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para><footnote><para>
-#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:8297
+#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:8784
msgid "<ulink url=\"http://cnx.org\"/>"
msgstr ""
#. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para>
-#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:8293
+#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:8778
msgid ""
"Not only did Mark want the resources to be shareable, he wanted all teachers "
"to be able to remix and edit the content. Mark and his team had to come up "
msgstr ""
#. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para>
-#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:8301
+#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:8790
msgid ""
"Then the Shuttleworth Foundation decided to completely restructure its work "
"as a foundation into a fellowship model (for reasons completely unrelated to "
msgstr ""
#. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para>
-#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:8308
+#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:8797
msgid ""
"Mark and his team experimented with several different strategies. They "
"tried creating an authoring and hosting platform called Full Marks so that "
msgstr ""
#. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para>
-#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:8316
+#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:8805
msgid ""
"Then the South African government approached Siyavula with an interest in "
"printing out the original six Free High School Science Texts (math and "
msgstr ""
#. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para>
-#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:8324
+#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:8813
msgid ""
"They began to conceive of the six books as having massive marketing "
"potential for Siyavula. Printing Siyavula books for every kid in South "
msgstr ""
#. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para>
-#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:8333
+#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:8822
msgid ""
"Mark and his team began imagining what they could develop beyond what was in "
"the textbooks as a service they charge for. One key thing you can’t do well "
msgstr ""
#. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para>
-#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:8346
+#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:8835
msgid ""
"The costs for using Intelligent Practice were set very low, making it "
"accessible even to those with limited financial means. Siyavula was going "
msgstr ""
#. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para>
-#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:8352
+#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:8841
msgid ""
"The government distributed the books to 1.5 million students, but there was "
"an unexpected wrinkle: the books were delivered late. Rather than wait, "
msgstr ""
#. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para>
-#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:8361
+#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:8850
msgid ""
"Siyavula’s site did see a dramatic increase in traffic. They got five "
"hundred thousand visitors per month to their math site and the same number "
msgstr ""
#. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para>
-#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:8370
+#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:8859
msgid ""
"At first, the Intelligent Practice services could only be paid using a "
"credit card. This proved problematic, especially for those in the low-income "
msgstr ""
#. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para>
-#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:8379
+#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:8868
msgid ""
"Mark describes this as the first version of Siyavula’s business model: open "
"textbooks serving as marketing material and driving traffic to your site, "
msgstr ""
#. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para>
-#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:8385
+#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:8874
msgid ""
"For Mark a key decision for Siyavula’s business was to focus on how they can "
"add value on top of their basic service. They’ll charge only if they are "
msgstr ""
#. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para>
-#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:8394
+#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:8883
msgid ""
"Version two of Siyavula’s business model was a big, ambitious idea—scale up. "
"They also decided to sell the Intelligent Practice service to schools "
msgstr ""
#. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para>
-#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:8405
+#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:8894
msgid ""
"Teachers get a dashboard that allows them to monitor the progress of an "
"entire class or view an individual learner’s results. They can see the "
msgstr ""
#. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para>
-#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:8414
+#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:8903
msgid ""
"Based on the success of this effort, Siyavula decided to substantially "
"increase the production of open educational resources so they could provide "
msgstr ""
#. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para><footnote><para>
-#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:8425
+#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:8916
msgid "<ulink url=\"http://www.siyavula.com/products-primary-school.html\"/>"
msgstr ""
#. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para>
-#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:8422
+#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:8911
msgid ""
"In partnership with, and sponsored by, the Sasol Inzalo Foundation, Siyavula "
"produced a series of natural sciences and technology workbooks for grades 4 "
msgstr ""
#. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para>
-#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:8429
+#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:8922
msgid ""
"Through this experience, Siyavula learned they could get sponsors to help "
"fund openly licensed textbooks. It helped that Siyavula had by this time "
msgstr ""
#. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para>
-#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:8439
+#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:8932
msgid ""
"The Siyavula books that are reviewed, approved, and branded by the "
"government are freely and openly available on Siyavula’s website under an "
msgstr ""
#. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para>
-#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:8447
+#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:8940
msgid ""
"Although the South African government paid to print and distribute hard "
"copies of the books to schoolkids, Siyavula itself received no funding from "
msgstr ""
#. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para>
-#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:8458
+#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:8951
msgid ""
"Using Siyavula books generated huge savings for the government. Providing "
"students with a traditionally published grade 12 science or math textbook "
msgstr ""
#. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para>
-#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:8468
+#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:8961
msgid ""
"Just as Siyavula was planning to scale up the production of open textbooks "
"even more, the South African government changed its textbook policy. To save "
msgstr ""
#. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para>
-#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:8476
+#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:8969
msgid ""
"Rather than producing more textbooks, Siyavula focused on improving its "
"Intelligent Practice technology for its existing books. Mark calls this "
msgstr ""
#. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para>
-#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:8487
+#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:8980
msgid ""
"Mark says sales are way up, and they are really nailing Intelligent "
"Practice. Schools continue to use their open textbooks. The government-"
msgstr ""
#. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para>
-#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:8494
+#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:8987
msgid ""
"Siyavula is exploring a range of enhancements to their business model. These "
"include charging a small amount for assessment services provided over the "
msgstr ""
#. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para>
-#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:8502
+#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:8995
msgid ""
"Siyavula is a for-profit business but one with a social mission. Their "
"shareholders’ agreement lists lots of requirements around openness for "
msgstr ""
#. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><title>
-#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:8518
+#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:9012
msgid "SparkFun"
msgstr ""
#. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><blockquote><para>
-#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:8521
+#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:9015
msgid ""
"SparkFun is an online electronics retailer specializing in open hardware. "
"Founded in 2003 in the U.S."
msgstr ""
#. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><blockquote><para>
-#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:8525
+#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:9019
msgid "<ulink url=\"http://www.sparkfun.com\"/>"
msgstr ""
#. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><blockquote><para>
-#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:8527
+#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:9022
msgid ""
"<emphasis role=\"strong\">Revenue model</emphasis>: charging for physical "
"copies (electronics sales)"
msgstr ""
#. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><blockquote><para>
-#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:8530
+#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:9026
msgid "<emphasis role=\"strong\">Interview date</emphasis>: February 29, 2016"
msgstr ""
#. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><blockquote><para>
-#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:8533
+#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:9030
msgid ""
"<emphasis role=\"strong\">Interviewee</emphasis>: Nathan Seidle, founder"
msgstr ""
#. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para>
-#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:8541
+#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:9038
msgid ""
"SparkFun founder and former CEO Nathan Seidle has a picture of himself "
"holding up a clone of a SparkFun product in an electronics market in China, "
msgstr ""
#. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para>
-#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:8547
+#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:9045
msgid ""
"<quote>Being copied is the greatest earmark of flattery and success,</quote> "
"Nathan said. <quote>I thought it was so cool that they were selling to a "
msgstr ""
#. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para>
-#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:8553
+#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:9051
msgid ""
"This worldview runs through everything SparkFun does. SparkFun is an "
"electronics manufacturer. The company sells its products directly to the "
msgstr ""
#. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para>
-#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:8562
+#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:9060
msgid ""
"Nathan believes open licensing is good for the world. <quote>It touches on "
"our natural human instinct to share,</quote> he said. But he also strongly "
msgstr ""
#. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para>
-#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:8571
+#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:9070
msgid ""
"<quote>We compete on business principles,</quote> Nathan said. "
"<quote>Claiming your territory with intellectual property allows you to get "
msgstr ""
#. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para>
-#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:8577
+#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:9076
msgid ""
"The result is an intense company-wide focus on product development and "
"improvement. <quote>Our products are so much better than they were five "
msgstr ""
#. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para>
-#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:8587
+#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:9086
msgid ""
"SparkFun parts are available on eBay for lower prices. But people come "
"directly to SparkFun because SparkFun makes their lives easier. The example "
msgstr ""
#. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para>
-#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:8597
+#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:9096
msgid ""
"SparkFun’s company history began in Nathan’s college dorm room. He spent a "
"lot of time experimenting with and building electronics, and he realized "
msgstr ""
#. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para>
-#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:8609
+#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:9108
msgid ""
"Once he started designing his own products, he began putting the software "
"and schematics online to help with technical support. After doing some "
msgstr ""
#. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para>
-#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:8618
+#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:9117
msgid ""
"The company has grown from a solo project to a corporation with 140 "
"employees. In 2015, SparkFun earned $33 million in revenue. Selling "
msgstr ""
#. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para>
-#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:8627
+#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:9126
msgid ""
"SparkFun also has an educational department dedicated to creating a hands-on "
"curriculum to teach students about electronics using prototyping parts. "
msgstr ""
#. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para>
-#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:8634
+#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:9134
msgid ""
"<quote>We have the burden and opportunity to educate the next generation of "
"technical citizens,</quote> Nathan said. <quote>Our goal is to affect the "
msgstr ""
#. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para>
-#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:8640
+#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:9140
msgid ""
"The Creative Commons license underlying all of SparkFun’s products is "
"central to this mission. The license not only signals a willingness to "
msgstr ""
#. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para>
-#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:8651
+#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:9151
msgid ""
"From the beginning, Nathan has tried to create a work environment at "
"SparkFun that he himself would want to work in. The result is what appears "
msgstr ""
#. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para>
-#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:8662
+#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:9162
msgid ""
"The public event, called the Autonomous Vehicle Competition, brings in a "
"thousand to two thousand customers and other technology enthusiasts from "
msgstr ""
#. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para>
-#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:8676
+#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:9176
msgid ""
"Nathan has worked hard to imbue a deeper meaning into the work SparkFun "
"does. The company is, of course, focused on being fiscally responsible, but "
msgstr ""
#. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para>
-#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:8686
+#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:9186
msgid ""
"The company is committed to transparency and shares all of its financials "
"with its employees. They also generally strive to avoid being another "
msgstr ""
#. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para>
-#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:8693
+#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:9193
msgid ""
"SparkFun’s customer base is largely made up of industrious electronics "
"enthusiasts. They have customers who are regularly involved in the company’s "
msgstr ""
#. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para>
-#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:8705
+#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:9205
msgid ""
"However, this sort of customer engagement does not always translate to "
"people actively contributing to SparkFun’s projects. The company has a "
msgstr ""
#. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para>
-#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:8716
+#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:9216
msgid ""
"Rather than focusing on cocreation with their customers, SparkFun instead "
"focuses on enabling people to copy, tinker, and improve products on their "
msgstr ""
#. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para>
-#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:8726
+#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:9226
msgid ""
"Obviously, opening up the design of their products is a necessary step if "
"their goal is to empower the public. Nathan also firmly believes it makes "
msgstr ""
#. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><title>
-#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:8740
+#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:9240
msgid "TeachAIDS"
msgstr ""
#. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><blockquote><para>
-#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:8743
+#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:9243
msgid ""
"TeachAIDS is a nonprofit that creates educational materials designed to "
"teach people around the world about HIV and AIDS. Founded in 2005 in the U."
msgstr ""
#. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><blockquote><para>
-#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:8748
+#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:9248
msgid "<ulink url=\"http://teachaids.org\"/>"
msgstr ""
#. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><blockquote><para>
-#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:8750
+#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:9251
msgid "<emphasis role=\"strong\">Revenue model</emphasis>: sponsorships"
msgstr ""
#. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><blockquote><para>
-#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:8752
+#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:9254
msgid "<emphasis role=\"strong\">Interview date</emphasis>: March 24, 2016"
msgstr ""
#. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><blockquote><para>
-#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:8755
+#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:9258
msgid ""
"<emphasis role=\"strong\">Interviewees</emphasis>: Piya Sorcar, the CEO, and "
"Shuman Ghosemajumder, the chair"
msgstr ""
#. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para>
-#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:8763
+#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:9266
msgid ""
"TeachAIDS is an unconventional media company with a conventional revenue "
"model. Like most media companies, they are subsidized by advertising. "
msgstr ""
#. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para>
-#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:8769
+#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:9272
msgid ""
"But unlike most media companies, Teach-AIDS is a nonprofit organization with "
"a purely social mission. TeachAIDS is dedicated to educating the global "
msgstr ""
#. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para>
-#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:8782
+#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:9285
msgid ""
"TeachAIDS is a labor of love for founder and CEO Piya Sorcar, who earns a "
"salary of one dollar per year from the nonprofit. The project grew out of "
msgstr ""
#. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para>
-#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:8802
+#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:9305
msgid ""
"In late 2005, Piya and her team used research-based design to create new "
"educational materials and worked with local partners in India to help "
msgstr ""
#. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para>
-#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:8814
+#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:9317
msgid ""
"Very shortly after the initial release, Piya’s team decided to spin the "
"endeavor into an independent nonprofit out of Stanford University. They also "
msgstr ""
#. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para>
-#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:8820
+#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:9323
msgid ""
"Given their educational mission, TeachAIDS had an obvious interest in seeing "
"the materials as widely shared as possible. But they also needed to preserve "
msgstr ""
#. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para>
-#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:8836
+#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:9339
msgid ""
"Choosing a license that does not allow adaptation of the content was an "
"outgrowth of the careful precision with which TeachAIDS crafts their "
msgstr ""
#. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para>
-#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:8845
+#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:9348
msgid ""
"One important finding was that people accept the message best when it comes "
"from familiar voices they trust and admire. To achieve this, TeachAIDS "
msgstr ""
#. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para>
-#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:8854
+#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:9357
msgid ""
"Localization is probably the single-most important aspect of the way "
"TeachAIDS creates its content. While each regional version builds from the "
msgstr ""
#. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para>
-#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:8869
+#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:9372
msgid ""
"The localization process relies heavily on volunteers. Their volunteer base "
"is deeply committed to the cause, and the organization has had better luck "
msgstr ""
#. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para>
-#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:8885
+#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:9388
msgid ""
"TeachAIDS employs full-time employees, contractors, and volunteers, all in "
"different capacities and organizational configurations. They are careful to "
msgstr ""
#. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para>
-#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:8905
+#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:9408
msgid ""
"Piya’s team was able to produce all of these versions over several years "
"with a head count that never exceeded eight full-time employees. The "
msgstr ""
#. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para>
-#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:8918
+#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:9421
msgid ""
"Like many content creators offering their work for free, they settled on "
"advertising as a funding model. But they were extremely careful not to let "
msgstr ""
#. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para>
-#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:8929
+#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:9432
msgid ""
"TeachAIDS is careful not to seek funding to cover the costs of a specific "
"project. Instead, sponsorships are structured as unrestricted donations to "
msgstr ""
#. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para>
-#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:8939
+#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:9442
msgid ""
"As of 2016, TeachAIDS has dozens of sponsors. <quote>When we go into a new "
"country, various companies hear about us and reach out to us,</quote> Piya "
msgstr ""
#. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para>
-#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:8953
+#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:9456
msgid ""
"Importantly, the value to corporate sponsors goes beyond commercial "
"considerations. As a nonprofit with a clearly articulated social mission, "
msgstr ""
#. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para>
-#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:8962
+#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:9465
msgid ""
"The core mission of TeachAIDS—ensuring global access to life-saving education"
"—is at the root of everything the organization does. It underpins the work; "
msgstr ""
#. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><title>
-#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:8972
+#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:9475
msgid "Tribe of Noise"
msgstr ""
#. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><blockquote><para>
-#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:8975
+#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:9478
msgid ""
"Tribe of Noise is a for-profit online music platform serving the film, TV, "
"video, gaming, and in-store-media industries. Founded in 2008 in the "
msgstr ""
#. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><blockquote><para>
-#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:8980
+#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:9483
msgid "<ulink url=\"http://www.tribeofnoise.com\"/>"
msgstr ""
#. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><blockquote><para>
-#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:8985
+#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:9490
msgid "<emphasis role=\"strong\">Interview date</emphasis>: January 26, 2016"
msgstr ""
#. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><blockquote><para>
-#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:8988
+#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:9494
msgid ""
"<emphasis role=\"strong\">Interviewee</emphasis>: Hessel van Oorschot, "
"cofounder"
msgstr ""
#. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para>
-#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:8996
+#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:9502
msgid ""
"In the early 2000s, Hessel van Oorschot was an entrepreneur running a "
"business where he coached other midsize entrepreneurs how to create an "
msgstr ""
#. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para>
-#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:9005
+#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:9511
msgid ""
"In 2005, Hessel and Sandra Brandenburg launched a niche video-production "
"initiative. Almost immediately, they ran into issues around finding and "
msgstr ""
#. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para>
-#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:9015
+#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:9521
msgid ""
"They hired two lawyers to investigate further, and while they uncovered five "
"or six examples, Hessel found the business models lacking. The lawyers "
msgstr ""
#. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para>
-#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:9025
+#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:9531
msgid ""
"Building a platform posed a real chicken-and-egg problem. The platform had "
"to build an online community of music-rights holders and, at the same time, "
msgstr ""
#. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para>
-#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:9032
+#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:9538
msgid ""
"In July 2008, Tribe of Noise opened its virtual doors with a couple hundred "
"musicians willing to use the CC BY-SA license (Attribution-ShareAlike) for a "
msgstr ""
#. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para><footnote><para>
-#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:9047
+#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:9555
msgid "<ulink url=\"http://www.instoremusicservice.com\"/>"
msgstr ""
#. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para>
-#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:9040
+#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:9546
msgid ""
"As they were growing the community, Hessel got a phone call from a company "
"that made in-store music playlists asking if they had enough music licensed "
msgstr ""
#. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para>
-#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:9050
+#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:9560
msgid ""
"In most countries, artists, authors, and musicians join a collecting society "
"that manages the licensing and helps collect the royalties. Copyright "
msgstr ""
#. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para>
-#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:9071
+#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:9581
msgid ""
"Instead of building a large sales force, Tribe of Noise partnered with big "
"organizations who have lots of clients and can act as a kind of Tribe of "
msgstr ""
#. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para>
-#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:9085
+#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:9595
msgid ""
"Tribe of Noise doesn’t pay the musicians up front; they get paid when their "
"music ends up in Tribe of Noise’s in-store music channels. The musicians’ "
msgstr ""
#. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para><footnote><para>
-#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:9101
+#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:9613
msgid "<ulink url=\"http://www.tribeofnoise.com/info_instoremusic.php\"/>"
msgstr ""
#. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para>
-#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:9093
+#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:9603
msgid ""
"A few of your songs [licensed with CC BY-SA], for example five in total, are "
"selected for a bespoke in-store music channel broadcasting at a large "
msgstr ""
#. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para>
-#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:9104
+#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:9618
msgid ""
"Tribe of Noise has another model that does not involve Creative Commons. In "
"a survey with members, most said they liked the exposure using Creative "
msgstr ""
#. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para>
-#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:9115
+#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:9629
msgid ""
"Hessel’s legal team took this feedback and created a second model and "
"separate area of the platform called Tribe of Noise Pro. Songs uploaded to "
msgstr ""
#. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para>
-#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:9126
+#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:9640
msgid ""
"Tribe of Noise Pro is primarily geared toward media makers who are looking "
"for music. If they buy a license from this catalog, they don’t have to state "
msgstr ""
#. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para>
-#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:9134
+#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:9648
msgid ""
"Lots of Tribe of Noise musicians upload songs to both Tribe of Noise Pro and "
"the community area of Tribe of Noises. There aren’t that many artists who "
msgstr ""
#. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para>
-#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:9140
+#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:9654
msgid ""
"Hessel sees the two as complementary. Both are needed for the model to work. "
"With a whole generation of musicians interested in the sharing economy, the "
msgstr ""
#. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para>
-#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:9148
+#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:9662
msgid ""
"Every musician who joins Tribe of Noise gets their own home page and free "
"unlimited Web space to upload as much of their own music as they like. Tribe "
msgstr ""
#. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para>
-#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:9159
+#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:9673
msgid ""
"Another way Tribe of Noise creates community and interest is with contests, "
"which are organized in partnership with Tribe of Noise clients. The client "
msgstr ""
#. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para>
-#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:9169
+#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:9683
msgid ""
"Tribe of Noise now has twenty-seven thousand members from 192 countries, and "
"many are exploring do-it-yourself models for generating revenue. Some came "
msgstr ""
#. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para>
-#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:9181
+#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:9695
msgid ""
"It’s not uncommon for performance-rights organizations, record labels, or "
"music publishers to sign contracts with musicians based on exclusivity. Such "
msgstr ""
#. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para>
-#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:9198
+#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:9712
msgid ""
"For Hessel the key to Tribe of Noise’s success is trust. The fact that "
"Creative Commons licenses work the same way all over the world and have been "
msgstr ""
#. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><title>
-#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:9210
+#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:9725
msgid "Wikimedia Foundation"
msgstr ""
#. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><blockquote><para>
-#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:9213
+#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:9728
msgid ""
"The Wikimedia Foundation is the nonprofit organization that hosts Wikipedia "
"and its sister projects. Founded in 2003 in the U.S."
msgstr ""
#. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><blockquote><para>
-#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:9218
+#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:9733
msgid "<ulink url=\"http://wikimediafoundation.org\"/>"
msgstr ""
#. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><blockquote><para>
-#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:9220
+#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:9736
msgid "<emphasis role=\"strong\">Revenue model</emphasis>: donations"
msgstr ""
#. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><blockquote><para>
-#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:9222
+#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:9739
msgid "<emphasis role=\"strong\">Interview date</emphasis>: December 18, 2015"
msgstr ""
#. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><blockquote><para>
-#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:9225
+#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:9743
msgid ""
"<emphasis role=\"strong\">Interviewees</emphasis>: Luis Villa, former Chief "
"Officer of Community Engagement, and Stephen LaPorte, legal counsel"
msgstr ""
#. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para>
-#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:9234
+#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:9752
msgid "Nearly every person with an online presence knows Wikipedia."
msgstr ""
#. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para>
-#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:9237
+#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:9755
msgid ""
"In many ways, it is the preeminent open project: The online encyclopedia is "
"created entirely by volunteers. Anyone in the world can edit the articles. "
msgstr ""
#. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para>
-#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:9245
+#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:9763
msgid ""
"As of December 2016, there were more than forty-two million articles in the "
"295 language editions of the online encyclopedia, according to—what else?—"
msgstr ""
#. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para>
-#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:9250
+#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:9768
msgid ""
"The Wikimedia Foundation is a U.S.-based nonprofit organization that owns "
"the Wikipedia domain name and hosts the site, along with many other related "
msgstr ""
#. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para>
-#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:9264
+#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:9782
msgid ""
"As Wikimedia legal counsel Stephen LaPorte told us, <quote>There is a common "
"saying that Wikipedia works in practice but not in theory.</quote> While it "
msgstr ""
#. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para>
-#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:9271
+#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:9789
msgid ""
"Because of its extraordinary breadth and scope, it does feel a bit like a "
"unicorn. Indeed, there is nothing else like Wikipedia. Still, much of what "
msgstr ""
#. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para>
-#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:9280
+#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:9798
msgid ""
"The story of Wikipedia has been told many times. For our purposes, it is "
"enough to know the experiment started in 2001 at a small scale, inspired by "
msgstr ""
#. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para>
-#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:9292
+#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:9810
msgid ""
"The nature of the content the community creates is ideal for asynchronous "
"cocreation. <quote>An encyclopedia is something where incremental community "
msgstr ""
#. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para>
-#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:9316
+#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:9834
msgid ""
"Some of that is directed at servers and general IT support, but the "
"foundation also invests a significant amount on architecture designed to "
msgstr ""
#. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para>
-#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:9332
+#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:9850
msgid ""
"Wikipedia not only relies on good behavior within its community and on its "
"sites, but also by everyone else once the content leaves Wikipedia. All of "
msgstr ""
#. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para><footnote><para>
-#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:9356
+#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:9876
msgid ""
"<ulink url=\"http://gimletmedia.com/episode/14-the-art-of-making-and-fixing-"
"mistakes/\"/>"
msgstr ""
#. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para>
-#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:9344
+#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:9862
msgid ""
"Of course, the primary reason no one has successfully co-opted Wikipedia is "
"that copycat efforts do not have the Wikipedia community to sustain what "
msgstr ""
#. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para>
-#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:9363
+#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:9885
msgid ""
"But the vast majority of us who use Wikipedia are not contributors; we are "
"passive readers. The Wikimedia Foundation survives primarily on individual "
msgstr ""
#. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para>
-#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:9373
+#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:9895
msgid ""
"The foundation has a fund-raising team that works year-round to raise money, "
"but the bulk of their revenue comes in during the December campaign in "
msgstr ""
#. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para>
-#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:9384
+#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:9906
msgid ""
"The vision of the Wikimedia Foundation is a world in which every single "
"human being can freely share in the sum of all knowledge. They work to "
msgstr ""
#. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para>
-#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:9393
+#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:9915
msgid ""
"The philosophy behind the endeavor also enables the foundation to be "
"financially sustainable. It instills trust in their readership, which is "
msgstr ""
#. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para>
-#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:9399
+#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:9921
msgid ""
"Any given edit on Wikipedia could be motivated by nearly an infinite number "
"of reasons. But the social mission of the project is what binds the global "
msgstr ""
#. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para>
-#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:9406
+#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:9928
msgid ""
"Of course, what results from that movement is one of the Internet’s great "
"public resources. <quote>The Internet has a lot of businesses and stores, "
msgstr ""
#. type: Content of: <book><chapter><title>
-#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:9416
+#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:9939
msgid "Bibliography"
msgstr ""
#. type: Content of: <book><chapter><para>
-#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:9418
+#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:9941
msgid ""
"Alperovitz, Gar. What Then Must We Do? Straight Talk about the Next American "
"Revolution; Democratizing Wealth and Building a Community-Sustaining Economy "
msgstr ""
#. type: Content of: <book><chapter><para>
-#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:9424
+#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:9947
msgid ""
"Anderson, Chris. Free: How Today’s Smartest Businesses Profit by Giving "
"Something for Nothing, reprint with new preface. New York: Hyperion, 2010."
msgstr ""
#. type: Content of: <book><chapter><para>
-#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:9429
+#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:9952
msgid "———. Makers: The New Industrial Revolution. New York: Signal, 2012."
msgstr ""
#. type: Content of: <book><chapter><para>
-#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:9432
+#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:9955
msgid ""
"Ariely, Dan. Predictably Irrational: The Hidden Forces That Shape Our "
"Decisions. Rev. ed. New York: Harper Perennial, 2010."
msgstr ""
#. type: Content of: <book><chapter><para>
-#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:9436
+#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:9959
msgid ""
"Bacon, Jono. The Art of Community. 2nd ed. Sebastopol, CA: O’Reilly Media, "
"2012."
msgstr ""
#. type: Content of: <book><chapter><para>
-#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:9440
+#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:9963
msgid ""
"Benkler, Yochai. The Wealth of Networks: How Social Production Transforms "
"Markets and Freedom. New Haven: Yale University Press, 2006. <ulink url="
msgstr ""
#. type: Content of: <book><chapter><para>
-#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:9447
+#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:9970
msgid ""
"Benyayer, Louis-David, ed. Open Models: Business Models of the Open Economy. "
"Cachan, France: Without Model, 2016. <ulink url=\"http://www.slideshare.net/"
msgstr ""
#. type: Content of: <book><chapter><para>
-#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:9453
+#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:9976
msgid ""
"Bollier, David. Commoning as a Transformative Social Paradigm. Paper "
"commissioned by the Next Systems Project. Washington, DC: Democracy "
msgstr ""
#. type: Content of: <book><chapter><para>
-#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:9459
+#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:9982
msgid ""
"———. Think Like a Commoner: A Short Introduction to the Life of the Commons. "
"Gabriola Island, BC: New Society, 2014."
msgstr ""
#. type: Content of: <book><chapter><para>
-#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:9463
+#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:9986
msgid ""
"Bollier, David, and Pat Conaty. Democratic Money and Capital for the "
"Commons: Strategies for Transforming Neoliberal Finance through Commons-"
msgstr ""
#. type: Content of: <book><chapter><para>
-#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:9473
+#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:9996
msgid ""
"Bollier, David, and Silke Helfrich, eds. The Wealth of the Commons: A World "
"Beyond Market and State. Amherst, MA: Levellers Press, 2012."
msgstr ""
#. type: Content of: <book><chapter><para>
-#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:9477
+#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:10000
msgid ""
"Botsman, Rachel, and Roo Rogers. What’s Mine Is Yours: The Rise of "
"Collaborative Consumption. New York: Harper Business, 2010."
msgstr ""
#. type: Content of: <book><chapter><para>
-#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:9481
+#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:10004
msgid ""
"Boyle, James. The Public Domain: Enclosing the Commons of the Mind. New "
"Haven: Yale University Press, 2008."
msgstr ""
#. type: Content of: <book><chapter><para>
-#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:9484
+#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:10008
msgid ""
"<ulink url=\"http://www.thepublicdomain.org/download/\"/> (licensed under CC "
"BY-NC-SA)."
msgstr ""
#. type: Content of: <book><chapter><para>
-#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:9488
+#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:10012
msgid ""
"Capra, Fritjof, and Ugo Mattei. The Ecology of Law: Toward a Legal System in "
"Tune with Nature and Community. Oakland, CA: Berrett-Koehler, 2015."
msgstr ""
#. type: Content of: <book><chapter><para>
-#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:9493
+#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:10017
msgid ""
"Chesbrough, Henry. Open Business Models: How to Thrive in the New Innovation "
"Landscape. Boston: Harvard Business School Press, 2006."
msgstr ""
#. type: Content of: <book><chapter><para>
-#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:9497
+#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:10021
msgid ""
"———. Open Innovation: The New Imperative for Creating and Profiting from "
"Technology. Boston: Harvard Business Review Press, 2006."
msgstr ""
#. type: Content of: <book><chapter><para>
-#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:9501
+#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:10025
msgid ""
"City of Bologna. Regulation on Collaboration between Citizens and the City "
"for the Care and Regeneration of Urban Commons. Translated by LabGov "
msgstr ""
#. type: Content of: <book><chapter><para>
-#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:9508
+#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:10032
msgid ""
"Cole, Daniel H. <quote>Learning from Lin: Lessons and Cautions from the "
"Natural Commons for the Knowledge Commons.</quote> Chap. 2 in Frischmann, "
msgstr ""
#. type: Content of: <book><chapter><para>
-#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:9513
+#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:10037
msgid ""
"Creative Commons. 2015 State of the Commons. Mountain View, CA: Creative "
"Commons, 2015. <ulink url=\"http://stateof.creativecommons.org/2015/\"/>."
msgstr ""
#. type: Content of: <book><chapter><para>
-#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:9518
+#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:10042
msgid ""
"Doctorow, Cory. Information Doesn’t Want to Be Free: Laws for the Internet "
"Age. San Francisco: McSweeney’s, 2014."
msgstr ""
#. type: Content of: <book><chapter><para>
-#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:9522
+#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:10046
msgid ""
"Eckhardt, Giana, and Fleura Bardhi. <quote>The Sharing Economy Isn’t about "
"Sharing at All.</quote> Harvard Business Review, January 28, 2015. <ulink "
msgstr ""
#. type: Content of: <book><chapter><para>
-#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:9528
+#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:10052
msgid ""
"Elliott, Patricia W., and Daryl H. Hepting, eds. (2015). Free Knowledge: "
"Confronting the Commodification of Human Discovery. Regina, SK: University "
msgstr ""
#. type: Content of: <book><chapter><para>
-#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:9535
+#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:10059
msgid ""
"Eyal, Nir. Hooked: How to Build Habit-Forming Products. With Ryan Hoover. "
"New York: Portfolio, 2014."
msgstr ""
#. type: Content of: <book><chapter><para>
-#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:9539
+#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:10063
msgid ""
"Farley, Joshua, and Ida Kubiszewski. <quote>The Economics of Information in "
"a Post-Carbon Economy.</quote> Chap. 11 in Elliott and Hepting, Free "
msgstr ""
#. type: Content of: <book><chapter><para>
-#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:9544
+#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:10068
msgid ""
"Foster, William Landes, Peter Kim, and Barbara Christiansen. <quote>Ten "
"Nonprofit Funding Models.</quote> Stanford Social Innovation Review, Spring "
msgstr ""
#. type: Content of: <book><chapter><para>
-#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:9550
+#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:10074
msgid ""
"Frischmann, Brett M. Infrastructure: The Social Value of Shared Resources. "
"New York: Oxford University Press, 2012."
msgstr ""
#. type: Content of: <book><chapter><para>
-#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:9554
+#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:10078
msgid ""
"Frischmann, Brett M., Michael J. Madison, and Katherine J. Strandburg, eds. "
"Governing Knowledge Commons. New York: Oxford University Press, 2014."
msgstr ""
#. type: Content of: <book><chapter><para>
-#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:9559
+#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:10083
msgid ""
"Frischmann, Brett M., Michael J. Madison, and Katherine J. Strandburg. "
"<quote>Governing Knowledge Commons.</quote> Chap. 1 in Frischmann, Madison, "
msgstr ""
#. type: Content of: <book><chapter><para>
-#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:9564
+#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:10088
msgid ""
"Gansky, Lisa. The Mesh: Why the Future of Business Is Sharing. Reprint with "
"new epilogue. New York: Portfolio, 2012."
msgstr ""
#. type: Content of: <book><chapter><para>
-#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:9568
+#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:10092
msgid ""
"Grant, Adam. Give and Take: Why Helping Others Drives Our Success. New "
"York: Viking, 2013."
msgstr ""
#. type: Content of: <book><chapter><para>
-#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:9572
+#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:10096
msgid ""
"Haiven, Max. Crises of Imagination, Crises of Power: Capitalism, Creativity "
"and the Commons. New York: Zed Books, 2014."
msgstr ""
#. type: Content of: <book><chapter><para>
-#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:9576
+#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:10100
msgid ""
"Harris, Malcom, ed. Share or Die: Voices of the Get Lost Generation in the "
"Age of Crisis. With Neal Gorenflo. Gabriola Island, BC: New Society, 2012."
msgstr ""
#. type: Content of: <book><chapter><para>
-#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:9581
+#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:10105
msgid ""
"Hermida, Alfred. Tell Everyone: Why We Share and Why It Matters. Toronto: "
"Doubleday Canada, 2014."
msgstr ""
#. type: Content of: <book><chapter><para>
-#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:9585
+#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:10109
msgid ""
"Hyde, Lewis. Common as Air: Revolution, Art, and Ownership. New York: "
"Farrar, Straus and Giroux, 2010."
msgstr ""
#. type: Content of: <book><chapter><para>
-#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:9589
+#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:10113
msgid ""
"———. The Gift: Creativity and the Artist in the Modern World. 2nd Vintage "
"Books edition. New York: Vintage Books, 2007."
msgstr ""
#. type: Content of: <book><chapter><para>
-#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:9593
+#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:10117
msgid ""
"Kelley, Tom, and David Kelley. Creative Confidence: Unleashing the Potential "
"within Us All. New York: Crown, 2013."
msgstr ""
#. type: Content of: <book><chapter><para>
-#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:9597
+#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:10121
msgid ""
"Kelly, Marjorie. Owning Our Future: The Emerging Ownership Revolution; "
"Journeys to a Generative Economy. San Francisco: Berrett-Koehler, 2012."
msgstr ""
#. type: Content of: <book><chapter><para>
-#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:9602
+#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:10126
msgid ""
"Kleon, Austin. Show Your Work: 10 Ways to Share Your Creativity and Get "
"Discovered. New York: Workman, 2014."
msgstr ""
#. type: Content of: <book><chapter><para>
-#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:9606
+#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:10130
msgid ""
"———. Steal Like an Artist: 10 Things Nobody Told You about Being Creative. "
"New York: Workman, 2012."
msgstr ""
#. type: Content of: <book><chapter><para>
-#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:9610
+#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:10134
msgid ""
"Kramer, Bryan. Shareology: How Sharing Is Powering the Human Economy. New "
"York: Morgan James, 2016."
msgstr ""
#. type: Content of: <book><chapter><para>
-#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:9614
+#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:10138
msgid ""
"Lee, David. <quote>Inside Medium: An Attempt to Bring Civility to the "
"Internet.</quote> BBC News, March 3, 2016. <ulink url=\"http://www.bbc.com/"
msgstr ""
#. type: Content of: <book><chapter><para>
-#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:9619
+#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:10143
msgid ""
"Lessig, Lawrence. Remix: Making Art and Commerce Thrive in the Hybrid "
"Economy. New York: Penguin Press, 2008."
msgstr ""
#. type: Content of: <book><chapter><para>
-#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:9623
+#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:10147
msgid ""
"Menzies, Heather. Reclaiming the Commons for the Common Good: A Memoir and "
"Manifesto. Gabriola Island, BC: New Society, 2014."
msgstr ""
#. type: Content of: <book><chapter><para>
-#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:9627
+#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:10151
msgid ""
"Mason, Paul. Postcapitalism: A Guide to Our Future. New York: Farrar, Straus "
"and Giroux, 2015."
msgstr ""
#. type: Content of: <book><chapter><para>
-#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:9631
+#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:10155
msgid ""
"New York Times Customer Insight Group. The Psychology of Sharing: Why Do "
"People Share Online? New York: New York Times Customer Insight Group, 2011. "
msgstr ""
#. type: Content of: <book><chapter><para>
-#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:9637
+#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:10161
msgid ""
"Osterwalder, Alex, and Yves Pigneur. Business Model Generation. Hoboken, "
"NJ: John Wiley and Sons, 2010. A preview of the book is available at <ulink "
msgstr ""
#. type: Content of: <book><chapter><para>
-#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:9643
+#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:10167
msgid ""
"Osterwalder, Alex, Yves Pigneur, Greg Bernarda, and Adam Smith. Value "
"Proposition Design. Hoboken, NJ: John Wiley and Sons, 2014. A preview of the "
msgstr ""
#. type: Content of: <book><chapter><para>
-#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:9649
+#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:10173
msgid ""
"Palmer, Amanda. The Art of Asking: Or How I Learned to Stop Worrying and Let "
"People Help. New York: Grand Central, 2014."
msgstr ""
#. type: Content of: <book><chapter><para>
-#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:9653
+#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:10177
msgid ""
"Pekel, Joris. Democratising the Rijksmuseum: Why Did the Rijksmuseum Make "
"Available Their Highest Quality Material without Restrictions, and What Are "
msgstr ""
#. type: Content of: <book><chapter><para>
-#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:9661
+#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:10185
msgid ""
"Ramos, José Maria, ed. The City as Commons: A Policy Reader. Melbourne, "
"Australia: Commons Transition Coalition, 2016. <ulink url=\"http://www."
msgstr ""
#. type: Content of: <book><chapter><para>
-#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:9667
+#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:10191
msgid ""
"Raymond, Eric S. The Cathedral and the Bazaar: Musings on Linux and Open "
"Source by an Accidental Revolutionary. Rev. ed. Sebastopol, CA: O’Reilly "
msgstr ""
#. type: Content of: <book><chapter><para>
-#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:9673
+#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:10197
msgid ""
"Ries, Eric. The Lean Startup: How Today’s Entrepreneurs Use Continuous "
"Innovation to Create Radically Successful Businesses. New York: Crown "
msgstr ""
#. type: Content of: <book><chapter><para>
-#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:9678
+#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:10202
msgid ""
"Rifkin, Jeremy. The Zero Marginal Cost Society: The Internet of Things, the "
"Collaborative Commons, and the Eclipse of Capitalism. New York: Palgrave "
msgstr ""
#. type: Content of: <book><chapter><para>
-#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:9683
+#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:10207
msgid ""
"Rowe, Jonathan. Our Common Wealth. San Francisco: Berrett-Koehler, 2013."
msgstr ""
#. type: Content of: <book><chapter><para>
-#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:9687
+#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:10211
msgid ""
"Rushkoff, Douglas. Throwing Rocks at the Google Bus: How Growth Became the "
"Enemy of Prosperity. New York: Portfolio, 2016."
msgstr ""
#. type: Content of: <book><chapter><para>
-#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:9691
+#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:10215
msgid ""
"Sandel, Michael J. What Money Can’t Buy: The Moral Limits of Markets. New "
"York: Farrar, Straus and Giroux, 2012."
msgstr ""
#. type: Content of: <book><chapter><para>
-#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:9695
+#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:10219
msgid ""
"Shirky, Clay. Cognitive Surplus: How Technology Makes Consumers into "
"Collaborators. London, England: Penguin Books, 2010."
msgstr ""
#. type: Content of: <book><chapter><para>
-#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:9699
+#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:10223
msgid ""
"Slee, Tom. What’s Yours Is Mine: Against the Sharing Economy. New York: OR "
"Books, 2015."
msgstr ""
#. type: Content of: <book><chapter><para>
-#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:9703
+#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:10227
msgid ""
"Stephany, Alex. The Business of Sharing: Making in the New Sharing Economy. "
"New York: Palgrave Macmillan, 2015."
msgstr ""
#. type: Content of: <book><chapter><para>
-#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:9707
+#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:10231
msgid ""
"Stepper, John. Working Out Loud: For a Better Career and Life. New York: "
"Ikigai Press, 2015."
msgstr ""
#. type: Content of: <book><chapter><para>
-#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:9711
+#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:10235
msgid ""
"Sull, Donald, and Kathleen M. Eisenhardt. Simple Rules: How to Thrive in a "
"Complex World. Boston: Houghton Mifflin Harcourt, 2015."
msgstr ""
#. type: Content of: <book><chapter><para>
-#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:9715
+#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:10239
msgid ""
"Sundararajan, Arun. The Sharing Economy: The End of Employment and the Rise "
"of Crowd-Based Capitalism. Cambridge, MA: MIT Press, 2016."
msgstr ""
#. type: Content of: <book><chapter><para>
-#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:9719
+#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:10243
msgid "Surowiecki, James. The Wisdom of Crowds. New York: Anchor Books, 2005."
msgstr ""
#. type: Content of: <book><chapter><para>
-#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:9723
+#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:10247
msgid ""
"Tapscott, Don, and Alex Tapscott. Blockchain Revolution: How the Technology "
"Behind Bitcoin Is Changing Money, Business, and the World. Toronto: "
msgstr ""
#. type: Content of: <book><chapter><para>
-#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:9728
+#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:10252
msgid ""
"Tharp, Twyla. The Creative Habit: Learn It and Use It for Life. With Mark "
"Reiter. New York: Simon and Schuster, 2006."
msgstr ""
#. type: Content of: <book><chapter><para>
-#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:9732
+#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:10256
msgid ""
"Tkacz, Nathaniel. Wikipedia and the Politics of Openness. Chicago: "
"University of Chicago Press, 2015."
msgstr ""
#. type: Content of: <book><chapter><para>
-#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:9736
+#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:10260
msgid ""
"Van Abel, Bass, Lucas Evers, Roel Klaassen, and Peter Troxler, eds. Open "
"Design Now: Why Design Cannot Remain Exclusive. Amsterdam: BIS Publishers, "
msgstr ""
#. type: Content of: <book><chapter><para>
-#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:9744
+#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:10268
msgid ""
"Van den Hoff, Ronald. Mastering the Global Transition on Our Way to Society "
"3.0. Utrecht, the Netherlands: Society 3.0 Foundation, 2014. <ulink url="
msgstr ""
#. type: Content of: <book><chapter><para>
-#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:9750
+#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:10274
msgid ""
"Von Hippel, Eric. Democratizing Innovation. London: MIT Press, 2005. <ulink "
"url=\"http://web.mit.edu/evhippel/www/democ1.htm\"/> (licensed under CC BY-"
msgstr ""
#. type: Content of: <book><chapter><para>
-#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:9755
+#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:10279
msgid ""
"Whitehurst, Jim. The Open Organization: Igniting Passion and Performance. "
"Boston: Harvard Business Review Press, 2015."
msgstr ""
#. type: Content of: <book><chapter><title>
-#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:9760
+#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:10284
msgid "Acknowledgments"
msgstr ""
#. type: Content of: <book><chapter><para>
-#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:9762
+#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:10286
msgid ""
"We extend special thanks to Creative Commons CEO Ryan Merkley, the Creative "
"Commons Board, and all of our Creative Commons colleagues for "
msgstr ""
#. type: Content of: <book><chapter><para>
-#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:9769
+#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:10293
msgid ""
"Huge appreciation to all the Made with Creative Commons interviewees for "
"sharing their stories with us. You make the commons come alive. Thanks for "
msgstr ""
#. type: Content of: <book><chapter><para>
-#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:9774
+#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:10298
msgid ""
"We interviewed more than the twenty-four organizations profiled in this "
"book. We extend special thanks to Gooru, OERu, Sage Bionetworks, and Medium "
msgstr ""
#. type: Content of: <book><chapter><para>
-#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:9782
+#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:10306
msgid ""
"This book was made possible by the generous support of 1,687 Kickstarter "
"backers listed below. We especially acknowledge our many Kickstarter co-"
msgstr ""
#. type: Content of: <book><chapter><para>
-#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:9788
+#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:10312
msgid ""
"Co-editor Kickstarter backers (alphabetically by first name): Abraham "
"Taherivand, Alan Graham, Alfredo Louro, Anatoly Volynets, Aurora Thornton, "
msgstr ""
#. type: Content of: <book><chapter><para>
-#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:9839
+#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:10363
msgid ""
"All other Kickstarter backers (alphabetically by first name): A. Lee, Aaron "
"C. Rathbun, Aaron Stubbs, Aaron Suggs, Abdul Razak Manaf, Abraham "
projects / text-madewithcc.git / commitdiff