msgid ""
msgstr ""
"Project-Id-Version: Made with Creative Commons 20170609-2\n"
-"POT-Creation-Date: 2017-07-31 13:19-0500\n"
+"POT-Creation-Date: 2017-08-18 10:47-0500\n"
"PO-Revision-Date: YEAR-MO-DA HO:MI+ZONE\n"
"Last-Translator: FULL NAME <EMAIL@ADDRESS>\n"
"Language-Team: LANGUAGE <LL@li.org>\n"
#. type: Plain text
#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.md:66
msgid ""
-"“I don’t know a whole lot about nonfiction journalism. . . The way that I "
+"“I don’t know a whole lot about nonfiction journalism. . . The way that I "
"think about these things, and in terms of what I can do is. . . essays like "
"this are occasions to watch somebody reasonably bright but also reasonably "
"average pay far closer attention and think at far more length about all "
msgstr ""
#. type: Plain text
-#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.md:397
+#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.md:392
+msgid ""
+"{width=\"6.5in\" "
+"height=\"3.5417in\"}"
+msgstr ""
+
+#. type: Plain text
+#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.md:400
msgid ""
"It’s helpful to understand how the commons, market, and state manage "
"resources differently, and not just for those who consider themselves "
msgstr ""
#. type: Plain text
-#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.md:399
+#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.md:402
msgid "### The Four Aspects of a Resource"
msgstr ""
#. type: Plain text
-#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.md:407
+#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.md:410
msgid ""
"As part of her Nobel Prize–winning work, Elinor Ostrom developed a framework "
"for analyzing how natural resources are managed in a commons.6 Her framework "
msgstr ""
#. type: Plain text
-#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.md:413
+#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.md:416
msgid ""
"To compare and contrast the ways in which the commons, market, and state "
"work, let’s consider four aspects of resource management: resource "
msgstr ""
#. type: Plain text
-#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.md:415
+#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.md:419
+msgid ""
+"{width=\"6.5in\" "
+"height=\"6.5in\"}"
+msgstr ""
+
+#. type: Plain text
+#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.md:421
msgid "#### Characteristics"
msgstr ""
#. type: Plain text
-#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.md:420
+#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.md:426
msgid ""
"Resources have particular characteristics or attributes that affect the way "
"they can be used. Some resources are natural; others are human "
msgstr ""
#. type: Plain text
-#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.md:429
+#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.md:435
msgid ""
"Physical resources exist in limited supply. If I have a physical resource "
"and give it to you, I no longer have it. When a resource is removed and "
msgstr ""
#. type: Plain text
-#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.md:437
+#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.md:443
msgid ""
"Physical resources are depletable, exclusive, and rivalrous. Digital "
"resources, on the other hand, are nondepletable, nonexclusive, and "
msgstr ""
#. type: Plain text
-#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.md:444
+#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.md:450
msgid ""
"The nondepletable, nonexclusive, and nonrivalrous nature of digital "
"resources means the rules and norms for managing them can (and ought to) be "
msgstr ""
#. type: Plain text
-#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.md:453
+#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.md:459
msgid ""
"Our case studies frequently manage hybrid resources, which start out as "
"digital with the possibility of being made into a physical resource. The "
msgstr ""
#. type: Plain text
-#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.md:461
+#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.md:467
msgid ""
"Beyond this idea of physical versus digital, the commons, market, and state "
"conceive of resources differently (see Fig. 3). The market sees resources as "
msgstr ""
#. type: Plain text
-#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.md:463
+#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.md:469
msgid "#### People and processes"
msgstr ""
#. type: Plain text
-#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.md:467
+#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.md:473
msgid ""
"In the commons, the market, and the state, different people and processes "
"are used to manage resources. The processes used define both who has a say "
msgstr ""
#. type: Plain text
-#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.md:475
+#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.md:481
msgid ""
"In the state, a government of elected officials is responsible for managing "
"resources on behalf of the public. The citizens who produce and use those "
msgstr ""
#. type: Plain text
-#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.md:482
+#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.md:488
msgid ""
"In the market, the people involved are producers, buyers, sellers, and "
"consumers. Businesses act as intermediaries between those who produce "
msgstr ""
#. type: Plain text
-#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.md:496
+#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.md:502
msgid ""
"In contrast to the state and market, resources in a commons are managed more "
"directly by the people involved.7 Creators of human produced resources can "
msgstr ""
#. type: Plain text
-#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.md:498
+#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.md:505
+msgid ""
+"{width=\"6.5in\" "
+"height=\"4.2362in\"}"
+msgstr ""
+
+#. type: Plain text
+#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.md:507
msgid "#### Norms and rules"
msgstr ""
#. type: Plain text
-#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.md:503
+#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.md:512
msgid ""
"The social interactions between people, and the processes used by the state, "
"market, and commons, evolve social norms and rules. These norms and rules "
msgstr ""
#. type: Plain text
-#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.md:509
+#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.md:518
msgid ""
"State authority is governed by national constitutions. Norms related to "
"priorities and decision making are defined by elected officials and "
msgstr ""
#. type: Plain text
-#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.md:513
+#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.md:522
msgid ""
"Market norms are influenced by economics and competition for scarce "
"resources. Market rules follow property, business, and financial laws "
msgstr ""
#. type: Plain text
-#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.md:520
+#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.md:529
msgid ""
"As with the market, a commons can be influenced by state policies, "
"regulations, and laws. But the norms and rules of a commons are largely "
msgstr ""
#. type: Plain text
-#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.md:522
+#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.md:531
msgid "#### Goals"
msgstr ""
#. type: Plain text
-#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.md:527
+#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.md:536
msgid ""
"The combination of the aspects we’ve discussed so far—the resource’s "
"inherent characteristics, people and processes, and norms and rules—shape "
msgstr ""
#. type: Plain text
-#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.md:534
+#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.md:543
msgid ""
"In the market, the focus is on maximizing the utility of a resource. What "
"we pay for the goods we consume is seen as an objective measure of the "
msgstr ""
#. type: Plain text
-#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.md:541
+#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.md:550
msgid ""
"The state aims to use and manage resources in a way that balances the "
"economy with the social and cultural needs of its citizens. Health care, "
msgstr ""
#. type: Plain text
-#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.md:548
+#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.md:557
msgid ""
"In the commons, the goal is maximizing access, equity, distribution, "
"participation, innovation, and sustainability. You can measure success by "
msgstr ""
#. type: Plain text
-#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.md:553
+#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.md:562
msgid ""
"As hybrid combinations of the commons with the market or state, the success "
"and sustainability of all our case study enterprises depends on their "
msgstr ""
#. type: Plain text
-#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.md:555
+#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.md:564
msgid "### A Short History of the Commons"
msgstr ""
#. type: Plain text
-#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.md:562
+#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.md:571
msgid ""
"Using the commons to manage resources is part of a long historical "
"continuum. However, in contemporary society, the market and the state "
msgstr ""
#. type: Plain text
-#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.md:568
+#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.md:577
msgid ""
"But the more than 1.1 billion resources licensed with Creative Commons "
"around the world are indications of a grassroots move toward the "
msgstr ""
#. type: Plain text
-#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.md:577
+#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.md:586
msgid ""
"For centuries, indigenous people and preindustrialized societies managed "
"resources, including water, food, firewood, irrigation, fish, wild game, and "
msgstr ""
#. type: Plain text
-#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.md:585
+#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.md:589
+msgid ""
+"{width=\"6.5in\" "
+"height=\"3.389in\"}"
+msgstr ""
+
+#. type: Plain text
+#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.md:597
msgid ""
"This is followed by a long history of the state (a monarchy or ruler) "
"taking over the commons for their own purposes. This is called enclosure of "
msgstr ""
#. type: Plain text
-#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.md:597
+#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.md:609
msgid ""
"Holdings of land, water, and game were distributed to ruling family and "
"political appointees. Commoners displaced from the land migrated to "
msgstr ""
#. type: Plain text
-#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.md:601
+#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.md:612
+msgid ""
+"{width=\"6.5in\" "
+"height=\"3.389in\"}"
+msgstr ""
+
+#. type: Plain text
+#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.md:616
msgid ""
"However, the world today is going through turbulent times. The benefits of "
"the market have been offset by unequal distribution and overexploitation."
msgstr ""
#. type: Plain text
-#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.md:610
+#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.md:625
msgid ""
"Overexploitation was the topic of Garrett Hardin’s influential essay “The "
"Tragedy of the Commons,” published in Science in 1968. Hardin argues that "
msgstr ""
#. type: Plain text
-#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.md:627
+#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.md:642
msgid ""
"However, there is one serious flaw with Hardin’s “The Tragedy of the "
"Commons”—it’s fiction. Hardin did not actually study how real commons "
msgstr ""
#. type: Plain text
-#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.md:637
+#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.md:652
msgid ""
"Hardin failed to consider the actual social dynamic of the commons. His "
"model assumed that people in the commons act autonomously, out of pure "
msgstr ""
#. type: Plain text
-#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.md:647
+#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.md:662
msgid ""
"Hardin’s story is based on the premise of depletable resources. Economists "
"have focused almost exclusively on scarcity-based markets. Very little is "
msgstr ""
#. type: Plain text
-#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.md:652
+#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.md:667
msgid ""
"When it comes to use of state funds to create digital goods, however, there "
"is really no justification for artificial scarcity. The norm for state "
msgstr ""
#. type: Plain text
-#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.md:654
+#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.md:670
+msgid ""
+"{width=\"6.5in\" "
+"height=\"3.389in\"}"
+msgstr ""
+
+#. type: Plain text
+#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.md:672
msgid "### The Digital Revolution"
msgstr ""
#. type: Plain text
-#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.md:658
+#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.md:676
msgid ""
"In the early days of computing, programmers and developers learned from each "
"other by sharing software. In the 1980s, the free-software movement codified "
msgstr ""
#. type: Bullet: '- '
-#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.md:666
+#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.md:684
msgid "The freedom to run a software program as you wish, for any purpose."
msgstr ""
#. type: Bullet: '- '
-#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.md:666
+#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.md:684
msgid ""
"The freedom to study how a software program works (because access to the "
"source code has been freely given), and change it so it does your computing "
msgstr ""
#. type: Bullet: '- '
-#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.md:666
+#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.md:684
msgid "The freedom to redistribute copies."
msgstr ""
#. type: Bullet: '- '
-#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.md:666
+#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.md:684
msgid "The freedom to distribute copies of your modified versions to others.16"
msgstr ""
#. type: Plain text
-#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.md:669
+#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.md:687
msgid ""
"These principles and freedoms constitute a set of norms and rules that "
"typify a digital commons."
msgstr ""
#. type: Plain text
-#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.md:682
+#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.md:700
msgid ""
"In the late 1990s, to make the sharing of source code and collaboration more "
"appealing to companies, the open-source-software initiative converted these "
msgstr ""
#. type: Plain text
-#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.md:691
+#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.md:709
msgid ""
"While open-source software functions as a commons, many businesses and "
"markets did build up around it. Business models based on the licenses and "
msgstr ""
#. type: Plain text
-#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.md:702
+#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.md:720
msgid ""
"It isn’t just about an abundant availability of digital assets but also "
"about abundance of participation. The growth of personal computing, "
msgstr ""
#. type: Plain text
-#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.md:708
+#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.md:726
msgid ""
"But people like to share. One of the ways we define ourselves is by sharing "
"valuable and entertaining content. Doing so grows and nourishes "
msgstr ""
#. type: Plain text
-#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.md:710
+#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.md:728
msgid "### The Birth of Creative Commons"
msgstr ""
#. type: Plain text
-#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.md:717
+#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.md:735
msgid ""
"In 2001, Creative Commons was created as a nonprofit to support all those "
"who wanted to share digital content. A suite of Creative Commons licenses "
msgstr ""
#. type: Plain text
-#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.md:731
+#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.md:749
msgid ""
"Creative Commons licenses have a three-layer design. The norms and rules of "
"each license are first expressed in full legal language as used by "
msgstr ""
#. type: Plain text
-#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.md:738
+#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.md:756
msgid ""
"In 2015, there were over one billion Creative Commons licensed works in a "
"global commons. These works were viewed online 136 billion times. People "
msgstr ""
#. type: Plain text
-#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.md:746
+#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.md:764
msgid ""
"Individual artists, photographers, musicians, and filmmakers use Creative "
"Commons, but so do museums, governments, creative industries, manufacturers, "
msgstr ""
#. type: Plain text
-#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.md:756
+#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.md:774
msgid ""
"Some see Creative Commons as a way to share a gift with others, a way of "
"getting known, or a way to provide social benefit. Others are simply "
msgstr ""
#. type: Plain text
-#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.md:762
+#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.md:780
msgid ""
"Over time, Creative Commons has spawned a range of open movements, including "
"open educational resources, open access, open science, and open data. The "
msgstr ""
#. type: Plain text
-#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.md:772
+#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.md:790
msgid ""
"The state is increasingly involved in supporting open movements. The Open "
"Government Partnership was launched in 2011 to provide an international "
msgstr ""
#. type: Plain text
-#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.md:774
+#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.md:792
msgid "### The Changing Market"
msgstr ""
#. type: Plain text
-#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.md:786
+#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.md:804
msgid ""
"Today’s market is largely driven by global capitalism. Law and financial "
"systems are structured to support extraction, privatization, and corporate "
msgstr ""
#. type: Plain text
-#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.md:792
+#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.md:810
msgid ""
"In light of these challenges there is a growing recognition that GDP growth "
"should not be an end in itself, that development needs to be socially and "
msgstr ""
#. type: Plain text
-#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.md:800
+#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.md:818
msgid ""
"These realizations have led to a resurgence of interest in the commons as a "
"means of enabling that balance. City governments like Bologna, Italy, are "
msgstr ""
#. type: Plain text
-#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.md:817
+#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.md:835
msgid ""
"The market itself has taken an interest in the sharing economy, with "
"businesses like Airbnb providing a peer-to-peer marketplace for short-term "
msgstr ""
#. type: Plain text
-#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.md:827
+#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.md:845
msgid ""
"One way Made with Creative Commons case studies differ from those of the "
"sharing economy is their focus on digital resources. Digital resources "
msgstr ""
#. type: Plain text
-#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.md:838
+#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.md:856
msgid ""
"Those that are Made with Creative Commons are looking to leverage the unique "
"inherent characteristics of digital resources, including lowering costs. The "
msgstr ""
#. type: Plain text
-#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.md:845
+#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.md:863
msgid ""
"The incremental cost of storing, copying, and distributing digital goods is "
"next to zero, making abundance possible. But imagining a market based on "
msgstr ""
#. type: Plain text
-#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.md:851
+#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.md:869
msgid ""
"Some are looking to minimize their interactions with the market and operate "
"as autonomously as possible. Others are operating largely as a business "
msgstr ""
#. type: Plain text
-#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.md:862
+#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.md:880
msgid ""
"For an ordinary corporation, making social benefit a part of its operations "
"is difficult, as it’s legally required to make decisions that financially "
msgstr ""
#. type: Plain text
-#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.md:869
+#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.md:887
msgid ""
"“A book on open business models” is how we described it in this book’s "
"Kickstarter campaign. We used a handbook called Business Model Generation as "
msgstr ""
#. type: Plain text
-#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.md:878
+#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.md:896
msgid ""
"It contains a “business model canvas,” which conceives of a business model "
"as having nine building blocks.34 This blank canvas can serve as a tool for "
msgstr ""
#. type: Plain text
-#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.md:889
+#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.md:907
msgid ""
"In our case study interviews, many expressed discomfort over describing "
"themselves as an open business model—the term business model suggested "
msgstr ""
#. type: Plain text
-#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.md:900
+#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.md:918
msgid ""
"The creators, businesses, and organizations we profile all engage with the "
"market to generate revenue in some way. The ways in which this is done vary "
msgstr ""
#. type: Plain text
-#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.md:902
+#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.md:920
msgid "### Benefits of the Digital Commons"
msgstr ""
#. type: Plain text
-#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.md:907
+#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.md:925
msgid ""
"While it may be clear why commons-based organizations want to interact and "
"engage with the market (they need money to survive), it may be less obvious "
msgstr ""
#. type: Plain text
-#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.md:914
+#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.md:932
msgid ""
"The commons speeds dissemination. The free flow of resources in the commons "
"offers tremendous economies of scale. Distribution is decentralized, with "
msgstr ""
#. type: Plain text
-#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.md:925
+#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.md:943
msgid ""
"The commons ensures access to all. The market has traditionally operated by "
"putting resources behind a paywall requiring payment first before "
msgstr ""
#. type: Plain text
-#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.md:936
+#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.md:954
msgid ""
"The commons maximizes participation. Resources in the commons can be used "
"and contributed to by everyone. Using the resources of others, contributing "
msgstr ""
#. type: Plain text
-#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.md:948
+#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.md:966
msgid ""
"The commons spurs innovation. Resources in the hands of more people who can "
"use them leads to new ideas. The way commons resources can be modified, "
msgstr ""
#. type: Plain text
-#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.md:958
+#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.md:976
msgid ""
"The commons boosts reach and impact. The digital commons is global. "
"Resources may be created for a local or regional need, but they go far and "
msgstr ""
#. type: Plain text
-#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.md:970
+#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.md:988
msgid ""
"The commons is generative. Instead of extracting value, the commons adds "
"value. Digitized resources persist without becoming depleted, and through "
msgstr ""
#. type: Plain text
-#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.md:983
+#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.md:1001
msgid ""
"The commons brings people together for a common cause. The commons vests "
"people directly with the responsibility to manage the resources for the "
msgstr ""
#. type: Plain text
-#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.md:988
+#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.md:1006
msgid ""
"The benefits of the commons are many. When these benefits align with the "
"goals of individuals, communities, businesses in the market, or state "
msgstr ""
#. type: Plain text
-#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.md:990
+#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.md:1008
msgid "### Our Case Studies"
msgstr ""
#. type: Plain text
-#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.md:999
+#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.md:1017
msgid ""
"The creators, organizations, and businesses in our case studies operate as "
"nonprofits, for-profits, and social enterprises. Regardless of legal status, "
msgstr ""
#. type: Plain text
-#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.md:1005
+#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.md:1023
msgid ""
"The case studies are based on the narratives told to us by founders and key "
"staff. Instead of solely using financials as the measure of success and "
msgstr ""
#. type: Plain text
-#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.md:1013
+#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.md:1031
msgid ""
"Our case studies are diverse, ranging from publishing to education and "
"manufacturing. All of the organizations, businesses, and creators in the "
msgstr ""
#. type: Plain text
-#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.md:1020
+#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.md:1038
msgid ""
"They are creating new resources, or using the resources of others, or mixing "
"existing resources together to make something new. They, and their audience, "
msgstr ""
#. type: Plain text
-#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.md:1025
+#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.md:1043
msgid ""
"And as users of Creative Commons licenses, they are automatically part of a "
"global community. The new digital commons is global. Those we profiled come "
msgstr ""
#. type: Plain text
-#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.md:1036
+#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.md:1054
msgid ""
"Creative Commons licenses may express legal rules around the use of "
"resources in a commons, but success in the commons requires more than "
msgstr ""
#. type: Plain text
-#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.md:1043
+#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.md:1061
msgid ""
"The new digital commons is here to stay. Made With Creative Commons case "
"studies show how it’s possible to be part of this commons while still "
msgstr ""
#. type: Plain text
-#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.md:1050
+#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.md:1068
msgid ""
"Enterprise use of Creative Commons has only just begun. The case studies in "
"this book are merely starting points. Each is changing and evolving over "
msgstr ""
#. type: Plain text
-#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.md:1052
+#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.md:1070
msgid "### Notes"
msgstr ""
#. type: Bullet: '1. '
-#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.md:1152
+#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.md:1170
msgid "Jonathan Rowe, Our Common Wealth (San Francisco: Berrett-Koehler, 2013), 14."
msgstr ""
#. type: Bullet: '2. '
-#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.md:1152
+#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.md:1170
msgid ""
"David Bollier, Think Like a Commoner: A Short Introduction to the Life of "
"the Commons (Gabriola Island, BC: New Society, 2014), 176."
msgstr ""
#. type: Bullet: '3. '
-#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.md:1152
+#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.md:1170
msgid "Ibid., 15."
msgstr ""
#. type: Bullet: '4. '
-#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.md:1152
+#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.md:1170
msgid "Ibid., 145."
msgstr ""
#. type: Bullet: '5. '
-#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.md:1152
+#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.md:1170
msgid "Ibid., 175."
msgstr ""
#. type: Bullet: '6. '
-#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.md:1152
+#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.md:1170
msgid ""
"Daniel H. Cole, “Learning from Lin: Lessons and Cautions from the Natural "
"Commons for the Knowledge Commons,” in Governing Knowledge Commons, "
msgstr ""
#. type: Bullet: '7. '
-#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.md:1152
+#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.md:1170
msgid ""
"Max Haiven, Crises of Imagination, Crises of Power: Capitalism, Creativity "
"and the Commons (New York: Zed Books, 2014), 93."
msgstr ""
#. type: Bullet: '8. '
-#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.md:1152
+#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.md:1170
msgid ""
"Cole, “Learning from Lin,” in Frischmann, Madison, and Strandburg, Governing "
"Knowledge Commons, 59."
msgstr ""
#. type: Plain text
-#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.md:1152
+#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.md:1170
#, no-wrap
msgid ""
"9. Bollier, Think Like a Commoner, 175.\n"
"10. Joshua Farley and Ida Kubiszewski, “The Economics of Information in\n"
" a Post-Carbon Economy,” in Free Knowledge: Confronting the\n"
" Commodification of Human Discovery, eds. Patricia W. Elliott and\n"
-" Daryl H. Hepting (Regina, SK: University of Regina Press,\n"
-" 2015), 201–4.\n"
+" Daryl H. Hepting (Regina, SK: University of Regina Press, 2015),\n"
+" 201–4.\n"
"11. Rowe, Our Common Wealth, 19; and Heather Menzies, Reclaiming the\n"
" Commons for the Common Good: A Memoir and Manifesto (Gabriola\n"
" Island, BC: New Society, 2014), 42–43.\n"
" 22, 2016.\n"
"18. Eric S. Raymond, “The Magic Cauldron,” in The Cathedral and the\n"
" Bazaar: Musings on Linux and Open Source by an Accidental\n"
-" Revolutionary, rev. ed. (Sebastopol, CA: O’Reilly Media,\n"
-" 2001), www.catb.org/esr/writings/cathedral-bazaar/.\n"
+" Revolutionary, rev. ed. (Sebastopol, CA: O’Reilly Media, 2001),\n"
+" www.catb.org/esr/writings/cathedral-bazaar/.\n"
"19. New York Times Customer Insight Group, The Psychology of Sharing:\n"
" Why Do People Share Online? (New York: New York Times Customer\n"
" Insight Group, 2011), www.iab.net/media/file/POSWhitePaper.pdf.\n"
"21. Creative Commons, 2015 State of the Commons (Mountain View, CA:\n"
" Creative Commons, 2015), stateof.creativecommons.org/2015/.\n"
"22. Wikipedia, s.v. “Open Government Partnership,” last modified\n"
-" September 24,\n"
-" 2016, en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Open\\_Government\\_Partnership.\n"
+" September 24, 2016,\n"
+" en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Open\\_Government\\_Partnership.\n"
"23. Capra and Mattei, Ecology of Law, 114.\n"
"24. Ibid., 116.\n"
"25. The Swedish International Development Cooperation Agency, “Stockholm\n"
"26. City of Bologna, Regulation on Collaboration between Citizens and\n"
" the City for the Care and Regeneration of Urban Commons, trans.\n"
" LabGov (LABoratory for the GOVernance of Commons) (Bologna, Italy:\n"
-" City of Bologna,\n"
-" 2014), "
+" City of Bologna, 2014),\n"
+" "
"www.labgov.it/wp-content/uploads/sites/9/Bologna-Regulation-on-collaboration-between-citizens-and-the-city-for-the-cure-and-regeneration-of-urban-commons1.pdf.\n"
"27. The Seoul Sharing City website is english.sharehub.kr; for Amsterdam\n"
" Sharing City, go to www.sharenl.nl/amsterdam-sharing-city/.\n"
"33. Alex Osterwalder and Yves Pigneur, Business Model Generation\n"
" (Hoboken, NJ: John Wiley and Sons, 2010). A preview of the book is\n"
" available at strategyzer.com/books/business-model-generation.\n"
-"34. This business model canvas is available to download\n"
-" at strategyzer.com/canvas/business-model-canvas.\n"
+"34. This business model canvas is available to download at\n"
+" strategyzer.com/canvas/business-model-canvas.\n"
"35. We’ve made the “Open Business Model Canvas,” designed by the\n"
-" coauthor Paul Stacey, available online\n"
-" at "
+" coauthor Paul Stacey, available online at\n"
+" "
"docs.google.com/drawings/d/1QOIDa2qak7wZSSOa4Wv6qVMO77IwkKHN7CYyq0wHivs/edit.\n"
" You can also find the accompanying Open Business Model Canvas\n"
-" Questions\n"
-" at "
+" Questions at\n"
+" "
"docs.google.com/drawings/d/1kACK7TkoJgsM18HUWCbX9xuQ0Byna4plSVZXZGTtays/edit.\n"
"36. A more comprehensive list of revenue streams is available in this\n"
" post I wrote on Medium on March 6, 2016. “What Is an Open Business\n"
-" Model and How Can You Generate Revenue?”, available\n"
-" at "
+" Model and How Can You Generate Revenue?”, available at\n"
+" "
"medium.com/made-with-creative-commons/what-is-an-open-business-model-and-how-can-you-generate-revenue-5854d2659b15.\n"
"37. Henry Chesbrough, Open Innovation: The New Imperative for Creating\n"
" and Profiting from Technology (Boston: Harvard Business Review\n"
msgstr ""
#. type: Plain text
-#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.md:1154
+#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.md:1172
msgid "## How to Be Made with Creative Commons"
msgstr ""
#. type: Plain text
-#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.md:1156
+#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.md:1174
msgid "Sarah Hinchliff Pearson"
msgstr ""
#. type: Plain text
-#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.md:1170
+#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.md:1188
msgid ""
"When we began this project in August 2015, we set out to write a book about "
"business models that involve Creative Commons licenses in some significant "
msgstr ""
#. type: Plain text
-#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.md:1179
+#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.md:1197
msgid ""
"We analyzed the revenue models, customer segments, and value propositions of "
"each endeavor. We searched for ways that putting their content under "
msgstr ""
#. type: Plain text
-#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.md:1183
+#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.md:1201
msgid ""
"In fairly short order, we realized the book we set out to write was quite "
"different from the one that was revealing itself in our interviews and "
msgstr ""
#. type: Plain text
-#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.md:1191
+#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.md:1209
msgid ""
"It isn’t that we were wrong to think you can make money while using Creative "
"Commons licenses. In many instances, CC can help make you more money. Nor "
msgstr ""
#. type: Plain text
-#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.md:1199
+#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.md:1217
msgid ""
"According to the seminal handbook Business Model Generation, a business "
"model “describes the rationale of how an organization creates, delivers, and "
msgstr ""
#. type: Plain text
-#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.md:1204
+#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.md:1222
msgid ""
"Eventually, we got it. Being Made with Creative Commons is more than a "
"business model. While we will talk about specific revenue models as one "
msgstr ""
#. type: Plain text
-#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.md:1212
+#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.md:1230
msgid ""
"Admittedly, it took me a long time to get there. When Paul and I divided up "
"our writing after finishing the research, my charge was to distill "
msgstr ""
#. type: Plain text
-#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.md:1222
+#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.md:1240
msgid ""
"In every interview, we started from the same simple questions. Amid all the "
"diversity among the creators, organizations, and businesses we profiled, "
msgstr ""
#. type: Plain text
-#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.md:1228
+#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.md:1246
msgid ""
"But we also started to realize something about what it means to be Made with "
"Creative Commons. When people talked to us about how and why they used CC, "
msgstr ""
#. type: Plain text
-#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.md:1239
+#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.md:1257
msgid ""
"At one level, being Made with Creative Commons expresses an affinity for the "
"value of Creative Commons. While there are many different flavors of CC "
msgstr ""
#. type: Plain text
-#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.md:1249
+#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.md:1267
msgid ""
"Whether the public makes use of the opportunity to copy and adapt your work, "
"sharing with a Creative Commons license is a symbol of how you want to "
msgstr ""
#. type: Plain text
-#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.md:1255
+#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.md:1273
msgid ""
"Being Made with Creative Commons not only demonstrates values connected to "
"CC and sharing. It also demonstrates that something other than profit drives "
msgstr ""
#. type: Plain text
-#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.md:1266
+#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.md:1284
msgid ""
"The driving motivation varies depending on the type of endeavor. For "
"individual creators, it is most often about personal inspiration. In some "
msgstr ""
#. type: Plain text
-#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.md:1275
+#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.md:1293
msgid ""
"Many that are Made with Creative Commons have an express social mission that "
"underpins everything they do. In many cases, sharing with Creative Commons "
msgstr ""
#. type: Plain text
-#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.md:1283
+#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.md:1301
msgid ""
"This dynamic is probably one reason why there are so many nonprofit examples "
"of being Made with Creative Commons. The content is the result of a labor of "
msgstr ""
#. type: Plain text
-#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.md:1287
+#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.md:1305
msgid ""
"Even if profit isn’t the end goal, you have to bring in money to be "
"successfully Made with Creative Commons. At a bare minimum, you have to make "
msgstr ""
#. type: Plain text
-#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.md:1297
+#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.md:1315
msgid ""
"The costs of doing business vary widely for those made with CC, but there is "
"generally a much lower threshold for sustainability than there used to be "
msgstr ""
#. type: Plain text
-#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.md:1308
+#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.md:1326
msgid ""
"Some creation costs are the same as they always were. It takes the same "
"amount of time and money to write a peer-reviewed journal article or paint a "
msgstr ""
#. type: Plain text
-#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.md:1318
+#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.md:1336
msgid ""
"Distributing content is almost universally cheaper than ever. Once content "
"is created, the costs to distribute copies digitally are essentially zero.4 "
msgstr ""
#. type: Plain text
-#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.md:1331
+#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.md:1349
msgid ""
"It’s important to recognize that the biggest impact of technology on "
"creative endeavors is that creators can now foot the costs of creation and "
msgstr ""
#. type: Plain text
-#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.md:1342
+#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.md:1360
msgid ""
"Whether for an individual creator or a larger endeavor, it usually isn’t "
"enough to break even if you want to make what you’re doing a livelihood. "
msgstr ""
#. type: Plain text
-#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.md:1348
+#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.md:1366
msgid ""
"This book is a testament to the notion that it is possible to make money "
"while using CC licenses and CC-licensed content, but we are still very much "
msgstr ""
#. type: Plain text
-#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.md:1352
+#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.md:1370
msgid ""
"There are, however, plenty of ways in which CC licensing can be good for "
"business in fairly predictable ways. The first is how it helps solve "
msgstr ""
#. type: Plain text
-#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.md:1354
+#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.md:1372
msgid "### Problem Zero: Getting Discovered"
msgstr ""
#. type: Plain text
-#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.md:1369
+#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.md:1387
msgid ""
"Once you create or collect your content, the next step is finding users, "
"customers, fans—in other words, your people. As Amanda Palmer wrote, “It has "
msgstr ""
#. type: Plain text
-#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.md:1382
+#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.md:1400
msgid ""
"While finding “your people” online is theoretically easier than in the "
"analog world, as a practical matter it can still be difficult to actually "
msgstr ""
#. type: Plain text
-#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.md:1395
+#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.md:1413
msgid ""
"When you come to the Internet armed with an all-rights-reserved mentality "
"from the start, you are often restricting access to your work before there "
msgstr ""
#. type: Plain text
-#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.md:1399
+#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.md:1417
msgid ""
"Of course, it’s not that being discovered by people who like your work will "
"make you rich—far from it. But as Cory Doctorow says, “Recognition is one of "
msgstr ""
#. type: Plain text
-#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.md:1408
+#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.md:1426
msgid ""
"Choosing not to spend time and energy restricting access to your work and "
"policing infringement also builds goodwill. Lumen Learning, a for-profit "
msgstr ""
#. type: Plain text
-#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.md:1415
+#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.md:1433
msgid ""
"It is not just that restricting access to your work may undermine your "
"social mission. It also may alienate the people who most value your creative "
msgstr ""
#. type: Plain text
-#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.md:1423
+#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.md:1441
msgid ""
"The fact that copying can carry criminal penalties undoubtedly deters "
"copying it, but copying with the click of a button is too easy and "
msgstr ""
#. type: Plain text
-#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.md:1437
+#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.md:1455
msgid ""
"If you take some amount of copying and sharing your work as a given, you can "
"invest your time and resources elsewhere, rather than wasting them on "
msgstr ""
#. type: Plain text
-#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.md:1445
+#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.md:1463
msgid ""
"Being Made with Creative Commons means you stop thinking about ways to "
"artificially make your content scarce, and instead leverage it as the "
msgstr ""
#. type: Plain text
-#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.md:1454
+#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.md:1472
msgid ""
"Cory Doctorow says it costs him nothing when other people make copies of his "
"work, and it opens the possibility that he might get something in return.15 "
msgstr ""
#. type: Plain text
-#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.md:1457
+#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.md:1475
msgid ""
"There are all kinds of way to leverage the power of sharing and remix to "
"your benefit. Here are a few."
msgstr ""
#. type: Plain text
-#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.md:1459
+#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.md:1477
msgid "#### Use CC to grow a larger audience"
msgstr ""
#. type: Plain text
-#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.md:1469
+#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.md:1487
msgid ""
"Putting a Creative Commons license on your content won’t make it "
"automatically go viral, but eliminating legal barriers to copying the work "
msgstr ""
#. type: Plain text
-#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.md:1476
+#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.md:1494
msgid ""
"The Conversation is an online news site with in-depth articles written by "
"academics who are experts on particular topics. All of the articles are "
msgstr ""
#. type: Plain text
-#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.md:1488
+#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.md:1506
msgid ""
"The idea that more eyeballs equates with more success is a form of the max "
"strategy, adopted by Google and other technology companies. According to "
msgstr ""
#. type: Plain text
-#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.md:1496
+#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.md:1514
msgid ""
"If you are successful in reaching more users, readers, listeners, or other "
"consumers of your work, you can start to benefit from the bandwagon "
msgstr ""
#. type: Plain text
-#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.md:1498
+#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.md:1516
msgid "#### Use CC to get attribution and name recognition"
msgstr ""
#. type: Plain text
-#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.md:1513
+#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.md:1531
msgid ""
"Every Creative Commons license requires that credit be given to the author, "
"and that reusers supply a link back to the original source of the "
msgstr ""
#. type: Plain text
-#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.md:1524
+#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.md:1542
msgid ""
"The fact that the name of the creator follows a CC-licensed work makes the "
"licenses an important means to develop a reputation or, in corporate speak, "
msgstr ""
#. type: Plain text
-#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.md:1536
+#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.md:1554
msgid ""
"Attribution can be about more than just receiving credit. It can also be "
"about establishing provenance. People naturally want to know where content "
msgstr ""
#. type: Plain text
-#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.md:1544
+#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.md:1562
msgid ""
"Knowing the source of a work is also critical to ensuring its "
"credibility. Just as a trademark is designed to give consumers a way to "
msgstr ""
#. type: Plain text
-#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.md:1546
+#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.md:1564
msgid "#### Use CC-licensed content as a marketing tool"
msgstr ""
#. type: Plain text
-#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.md:1553
+#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.md:1571
msgid ""
"As we will cover in more detail later, many endeavors that are Made with "
"Creative Commons make money by providing a product or service other than the "
msgstr ""
#. type: Plain text
-#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.md:1566
+#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.md:1584
msgid ""
"Knowledge Unlatched’s Pinter told us she has seen time and again how "
"offering CC-licensed content—that is, digitally for free—actually increases "
msgstr ""
#. type: Plain text
-#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.md:1580
+#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.md:1598
msgid ""
"In some cases, endeavors that are Made with Creative Commons do not even "
"need dedicated marketing teams or marketing budgets. Cards Against Humanity "
msgstr ""
#. type: Plain text
-#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.md:1582
+#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.md:1600
msgid "#### Use CC to enable hands-on engagement with your work"
msgstr ""
#. type: Plain text
-#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.md:1587
+#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.md:1605
msgid ""
"The great promise of Creative Commons licensing is that it signifies an "
"embrace of remix culture. Indeed, this is the great promise of digital "
msgstr ""
#. type: Plain text
-#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.md:1597
+#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.md:1615
msgid ""
"Four of the six CC licenses enable reusers to take apart, build upon, or "
"otherwise adapt the work. Depending on the context, adaptation can mean "
msgstr ""
#. type: Plain text
-#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.md:1609
+#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.md:1627
msgid ""
"This is a way to counteract a potential downside of the abundance of free "
"and open content described above. As Anderson wrote in Free, “People often "
msgstr ""
#. type: Plain text
-#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.md:1617
+#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.md:1635
msgid ""
"Actively engaging with the content helps us avoid the type of aimless "
"consumption that anyone who has absentmindedly scrolled through their "
msgstr ""
#. type: Plain text
-#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.md:1619
+#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.md:1637
msgid "#### Use CC to differentiate yourself"
msgstr ""
#. type: Plain text
-#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.md:1631
+#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.md:1649
msgid ""
"Operating under a traditional copyright regime usually means operating under "
"the rules of establishment players in the media. Business strategies that "
msgstr ""
#. type: Plain text
-#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.md:1633
+#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.md:1651
msgid "### Making Money"
msgstr ""
#. type: Plain text
-#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.md:1648
+#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.md:1666
msgid ""
"Like any moneymaking endeavor, those that are Made with Creative Commons "
"have to generate some type of value for their audience or customers. "
msgstr ""
#. type: Plain text
-#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.md:1656
+#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.md:1674
msgid ""
"Most who are Made with Creative Commons use a variety of methods to bring in "
"revenue, some market-based and some not. One common strategy is using grant "
msgstr ""
#. type: Plain text
-#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.md:1663
+#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.md:1681
msgid ""
"Our case studies explore in more detail the various revenue-generating "
"mechanisms used by the creators, organizations, and businesses we "
msgstr ""
#. type: Plain text
-#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.md:1665
+#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.md:1683
msgid "#### Market-based revenue streams"
msgstr ""
#. type: Plain text
-#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.md:1672
+#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.md:1690
msgid ""
"In the market, the central question when determining how to bring in revenue "
"is what value people are willing to pay for.30 By definition, if you are "
msgstr ""
#. type: Plain text
-#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.md:1686
+#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.md:1704
msgid ""
"In many ways, this is the way of the future for all content-driven "
"endeavors. In the market, value lives in things that are scarce. Because the "
msgstr ""
#. type: Plain text
-#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.md:1695
+#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.md:1713
msgid ""
"Of course, this doesn’t mean that content-driven endeavors have no future in "
"the traditional marketplace. In Free, Anderson explains how when one product "
msgstr ""
#. type: Plain text
-#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.md:1702
+#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.md:1720
msgid ""
"In light of this reality, in some ways endeavors that are Made with Creative "
"Commons are at a level playing field with all content-based endeavors in the "
msgstr ""
#. type: Plain text
-#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.md:1707
+#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.md:1726
msgid ""
"For content creators and distributors, there are nearly infinite ways to "
"provide value to the consumers of your work, above and beyond the value that "
"lives within your free digital content. Often, the CC-licensed content "
-"functions as a marketing tool for the paid product or"
+"functions as a marketing tool for the paid product or service."
msgstr ""
#. type: Plain text
-#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.md:1709
-msgid "service."
-msgstr ""
-
-#. type: Plain text
-#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.md:1711
+#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.md:1728
msgid "Here are the most common high-level categories."
msgstr ""
#. type: Plain text
-#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.md:1713
+#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.md:1730
msgid ""
"#### Providing a custom service to consumers of your work * "
"\\[MARKET-BASED\\]*"
msgstr ""
#. type: Plain text
-#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.md:1722
+#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.md:1739
msgid ""
"In this age of information abundance, we don’t lack for content. The trick "
"is finding content that matches our needs and wants, so customized services "
msgstr ""
#. type: Plain text
-#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.md:1724
+#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.md:1741
msgid "#### Charging for the physical copy * \\[MARKET-BASED\\]*"
msgstr ""
#. type: Plain text
-#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.md:1745
+#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.md:1762
msgid ""
"In his book about maker culture, Anderson characterizes this model as giving "
"away the bits and selling the atoms (where bits refers to digital content "
msgstr ""
#. type: Plain text
-#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.md:1747
+#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.md:1764
msgid "#### Charging for the in-person version * \\[MARKET-BASED\\]*"
msgstr ""
#. type: Plain text
-#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.md:1755
+#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.md:1772
msgid ""
"As anyone who has ever gone to a concert will tell you, experiencing "
"creativity in person is a completely different experience from consuming a "
msgstr ""
#. type: Plain text
-#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.md:1757
+#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.md:1774
msgid "#### Selling merchandise * \\[MARKET-BASED\\]*"
msgstr ""
#. type: Plain text
-#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.md:1762
+#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.md:1779
msgid ""
"In many cases, people who like your work will pay for products demonstrating "
"a connection to your work. As a child of the 1980s, I can personally attest "
msgstr ""
#. type: Plain text
-#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.md:1773
+#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.md:1790
msgid ""
"Sometimes the way to find a market-based revenue stream is by providing "
"value to people other than those who consume your CC-licensed content. In "
msgstr ""
#. type: Plain text
-#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.md:1775
+#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.md:1792
msgid "#### Charging advertisers or sponsors * \\[MARKET-BASED\\]*"
msgstr ""
#. type: Plain text
-#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.md:1786
+#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.md:1803
msgid ""
"The traditional model of subsidizing free content is advertising. In this "
"version of multi-sided platforms, advertisers pay for the opportunity to "
msgstr ""
#. type: Plain text
-#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.md:1788
+#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.md:1805
msgid "#### Charging your content creators * \\[MARKET-BASED\\]*"
msgstr ""
#. type: Plain text
-#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.md:1798
+#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.md:1815
msgid ""
"Another type of multisided platform is where the content creators themselves "
"pay to be featured on the platform. Obviously, this revenue stream is only "
msgstr ""
#. type: Plain text
-#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.md:1800
+#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.md:1817
msgid "#### Charging a transaction fee * \\[MARKET-BASED\\]*"
msgstr ""
#. type: Plain text
-#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.md:1810
+#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.md:1827
msgid ""
"This is a version of a traditional business model based on brokering "
"transactions between parties.39 Curation is an important element of this "
msgstr ""
#. type: Plain text
-#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.md:1812
+#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.md:1829
msgid "#### Providing a service to your creators* \\[MARKET-BASED\\]*"
msgstr ""
#. type: Plain text
-#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.md:1819
+#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.md:1836
msgid ""
"As mentioned above, endeavors can make money by providing customized "
"services to their users. Platforms can undertake a variation of this service "
msgstr ""
#. type: Plain text
-#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.md:1821
+#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.md:1838
msgid "#### Licensing a trademark* \\[MARKET-BASED\\]*"
msgstr ""
#. type: Plain text
-#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.md:1830
+#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.md:1847
msgid ""
"Finally, some that are Made with Creative Commons make money by selling use "
"of their trademarks. Well known brands that consumers associate with "
msgstr ""
#. type: Plain text
-#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.md:1832
+#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.md:1849
msgid "#### Reciprocity-based revenue streams"
msgstr ""
#. type: Plain text
-#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.md:1837
+#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.md:1854
msgid ""
"Even if we set aside grant funding, we found that the traditional economic "
"framework of understanding the market failed to fully capture the ways the "
msgstr ""
#. type: Plain text
-#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.md:1847
+#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.md:1864
msgid ""
"Rather than devising a scheme to get people to pay money in exchange for "
"some direct value provided to them, many of the revenue streams were more "
msgstr ""
#. type: Plain text
-#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.md:1853
+#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.md:1870
msgid ""
"This should be a familiar dynamic—it is the way you deal with your friends "
"and family. We give without regard for what and when we will get back. David "
msgstr ""
#. type: Plain text
-#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.md:1858
+#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.md:1875
msgid ""
"What is rare is to incorporate this sort of relationship into an endeavor "
"that also engages with the market.40 We almost can’t help but think of "
msgstr ""
#. type: Plain text
-#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.md:1860
+#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.md:1877
msgid "#### Memberships and individual donations *\\[RECIPROCITY-BASED\\]*"
msgstr ""
#. type: Plain text
-#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.md:1872
+#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.md:1889
msgid ""
"While memberships and donations are traditional nonprofit funding models, in "
"the Made with Creative Commons context, they are directly tied to the "
msgstr ""
#. type: Plain text
-#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.md:1874
+#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.md:1891
msgid "#### The pay-what-you-want model *\\[RECIPROCITY-BASED\\]*"
msgstr ""
#. type: Plain text
-#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.md:1884
+#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.md:1901
msgid ""
"In the pay-what-you-want model, the beneficiary of Creative Commons content "
"is invited to give—at any amount they can and feel is appropriate, based on "
msgstr ""
#. type: Plain text
-#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.md:1886
+#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.md:1903
msgid "#### Crowdfunding *\\[RECIPROCITY-BASED\\]*"
msgstr ""
#. type: Plain text
-#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.md:1901
+#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.md:1918
msgid ""
"Crowdfunding models are based on recouping the costs of creating and "
"distributing content before the content is created. If the endeavor is Made "
msgstr ""
#. type: Plain text
-#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.md:1908
+#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.md:1925
msgid ""
"Other types of crowdfunding rely on a sense of responsibility that a "
"particular community may feel. Knowledge Unlatched pools funds from major "
msgstr ""
#. type: Plain text
-#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.md:1910
+#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.md:1927
msgid "### Making Human Connections"
msgstr ""
#. type: Plain text
-#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.md:1923
+#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.md:1940
msgid ""
"Regardless of how they made money, in our interviews, we repeatedly heard "
"language like “persuading people to buy” and “inviting people to pay.” We "
msgstr ""
#. type: Plain text
-#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.md:1930
+#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.md:1947
msgid ""
"Nearly every endeavor we profiled relied, at least in part, on people being "
"invested in what they do. The closer the Creative Commons content is to "
msgstr ""
#. type: Plain text
-#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.md:1934
+#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.md:1951
msgid ""
"It took me a very long time to see how this avoidance of thinking about what "
"they do in pure market terms was deeply tied to being Made with Creative "
msgstr ""
#. type: Plain text
-#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.md:1938
+#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.md:1955
msgid ""
"I came to the research with preconceived notions about what Creative Commons "
"is and what it means to be Made with Creative Commons. It turned out I was "
msgstr ""
#. type: Plain text
-#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.md:1947
+#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.md:1964
msgid ""
"Obviously, being Made with Creative Commons means using Creative Commons "
"licenses. That much I knew. But in our interviews, people spoke of so much "
msgstr ""
#. type: Plain text
-#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.md:1959
+#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.md:1976
msgid ""
"Being Made with Creative Commons is not just about the simple act of "
"licensing a copyrighted work under a set of standardized terms, but also "
msgstr ""
#. type: Plain text
-#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.md:1964
+#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.md:1981
msgid ""
"The rest of this section will explore some of the common strategies that "
"creators, companies, and organizations use to remind us that there are "
msgstr ""
#. type: Plain text
-#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.md:1966
+#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.md:1983
msgid "#### Be human"
msgstr ""
#. type: Plain text
-#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.md:1973
+#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.md:1990
msgid ""
"Humans are social animals, which means we are naturally inclined to treat "
"each other well.42 But the further removed we are from the person with whom "
msgstr ""
#. type: Plain text
-#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.md:1985
+#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.md:2002
msgid ""
"To counteract the anonymous and impersonal tendencies of how we operate "
"online, individual creators and corporations who use Creative Commons "
msgstr ""
#. type: Plain text
-#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.md:1995
+#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.md:2012
msgid ""
"A critical component to doing this effectively is not worrying about being a "
"“brand.” That means not being afraid to be vulnerable. Amanda Palmer says, "
msgstr ""
#. type: Plain text
-#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.md:2004
+#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.md:2021
msgid ""
"This advice is probably even more important for businesses and organizations "
"because we instinctively conceive of them as nonhuman (though in the United "
msgstr ""
#. type: Plain text
-#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.md:2006
+#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.md:2023
msgid "#### Be open and accountable"
msgstr ""
#. type: Plain text
-#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.md:2016
+#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.md:2033
msgid ""
"Transparency helps people understand who you are and why you do what you do, "
"but it also inspires trust. Max Temkin of Cards Against Humanity told us, "
msgstr ""
#. type: Plain text
-#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.md:2020
+#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.md:2037
msgid ""
"Being accountable does not mean operating on consensus. According to James "
"Surowiecki, consensus-driven groups tend to resort to "
msgstr ""
#. type: Plain text
-#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.md:2030
+#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.md:2047
msgid ""
"avoid the sort of candid exchange of ideas that cultivates healthy "
"collaboration.47 Instead, it can be as simple as asking for input and then "
msgstr ""
#. type: Plain text
-#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.md:2032
+#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.md:2049
msgid "#### Design for the good actors"
msgstr ""
#. type: Plain text
-#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.md:2045
+#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.md:2062
msgid ""
"Traditional economics assumes people make decisions based solely on their "
"own economic self-interest.49 Any relatively introspective human knows this "
msgstr ""
#. type: Plain text
-#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.md:2054
+#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.md:2071
msgid ""
"The assumption that people will largely do the right thing can be a "
"self-fulfilling prophecy. Shirky wrote in Cognitive Surplus, “Systems that "
msgstr ""
#. type: Plain text
-#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.md:2064
+#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.md:2081
msgid ""
"Rather than trying to exert control over people’s behavior, this mode of "
"operating requires a certain level of trust. We might not realize it, but "
msgstr ""
#. type: Plain text
-#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.md:2066
+#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.md:2083
msgid "#### Treat humans like, well, humans"
msgstr ""
#. type: Plain text
-#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.md:2075
+#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.md:2092
msgid ""
"For creators, treating people as humans means not treating them like "
"fans. As Kleon says, “If you want fans, you have to be a fan first.”53 Even "
msgstr ""
#. type: Plain text
-#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.md:2080
+#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.md:2097
msgid ""
"The same idea goes for businesses and organizations. Rather than automating "
"its customer service, the music platform Tribe of Noise makes a point to "
msgstr ""
#. type: Plain text
-#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.md:2092
+#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.md:2109
msgid ""
"When we treat people like humans, they typically return the gift in "
"kind. It’s called karma. But social relationships are fragile. It is all too "
msgstr ""
#. type: Plain text
-#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.md:2094
+#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.md:2111
msgid "#### State your principles and stick to them"
msgstr ""
#. type: Plain text
-#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.md:2104
+#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.md:2121
msgid ""
"Being Made with Creative Commons makes a statement about who you are and "
"what you do. The symbolism is powerful. Using Creative Commons licenses "
msgstr ""
#. type: Plain text
-#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.md:2113
+#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.md:2130
msgid ""
"The expression of your values doesn’t have to be implicit. In fact, many of "
"the people we interviewed talked about how important it is to state your "
msgstr ""
#. type: Plain text
-#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.md:2119
+#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.md:2136
msgid ""
"When your end goal is not about making a profit, people trust that you "
"aren’t just trying to extract value for your own gain. People notice when "
msgstr ""
#. type: Plain text
-#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.md:2121
+#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.md:2138
msgid "#### Build a community"
msgstr ""
#. type: Plain text
-#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.md:2131
+#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.md:2148
msgid ""
"Endeavors that are Made with Creative Commons thrive when community is built "
"around what they do. This may mean a community collaborating together to "
msgstr ""
#. type: Plain text
-#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.md:2143
+#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.md:2160
msgid ""
"To be sustainable, though, you have to work to nurture community. People "
"have to care—about you and each other. One critical piece to this is "
msgstr ""
#. type: Plain text
-#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.md:2155
+#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.md:2172
msgid ""
"Communities that collaborate together take deliberate planning. Surowiecki "
"wrote, “It takes a lot of work to put the group together. It’s difficult to "
msgstr ""
#. type: Plain text
-#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.md:2159
+#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.md:2176
msgid ""
"Community takes work, but working together, or even simply being connected "
"around common interests or values, is in many ways what sharing is about."
msgstr ""
#. type: Plain text
-#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.md:2161
+#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.md:2178
msgid "#### Give more to the commons than you take"
msgstr ""
#. type: Plain text
-#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.md:2172
+#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.md:2189
msgid ""
"Conventional wisdom in the marketplace dictates that people should try to "
"extract as much money as possible from resources. This is essentially what "
msgstr ""
#. type: Plain text
-#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.md:2184
+#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.md:2201
msgid ""
"Sharing requires adding as much or more value to the ecosystem than you "
"take. You can’t simply treat open content as a free pool of resources from "
msgstr ""
#. type: Plain text
-#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.md:2192
+#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.md:2209
msgid ""
"In all cases, it is important to openly acknowledge the amount of value you "
"add versus that which you draw on that was created by others. Being "
msgstr ""
#. type: Plain text
-#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.md:2194
+#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.md:2211
msgid "#### Involve people in what you do"
msgstr ""
#. type: Plain text
-#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.md:2205
+#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.md:2222
msgid ""
"Thanks to the Internet, we can tap into the talents and expertise of people "
"around the globe. Chris Anderson calls it the Long Tail of talent.66 But to "
msgstr ""
#. type: Plain text
-#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.md:2207
+#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.md:2224
msgid "commitment.68"
msgstr ""
#. type: Plain text
-#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.md:2216
+#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.md:2233
msgid ""
"As the success of Wikipedia demonstrates, editing an online encyclopedia is "
"exactly the sort of activity that is perfect for massive co-creation because "
msgstr ""
#. type: Plain text
-#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.md:2233
+#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.md:2250
msgid ""
"It is easy to romanticize the opportunities for global cocreation made "
"possible by the Internet, and, indeed, the successful examples of it are "
msgstr ""
#. type: Plain text
-#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.md:2244
+#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.md:2261
msgid ""
"While we tend to immediately think of cocreation and remixing when we hear "
"the word collaboration, you can also involve others in your creative process "
msgstr ""
#. type: Plain text
-#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.md:2253
+#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.md:2270
msgid ""
"There is no one way to involve people in what you do. They key is finding a "
"way for people to contribute on their terms, compelled by their own "
msgstr ""
#. type: Plain text
-#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.md:2255
+#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.md:2272
msgid "#### Notes"
msgstr ""
#. type: Bullet: '1. '
-#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.md:2356
+#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.md:2373
msgid ""
"Alex Osterwalder and Yves Pigneur, Business Model Generation (Hoboken, NJ: "
"John Wiley and Sons, 2010), 14. A preview of the book is available at "
msgstr ""
#. type: Bullet: '2. '
-#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.md:2356
+#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.md:2373
msgid ""
"Cory Doctorow, Information Doesn’t Want to Be Free: Laws for the Internet "
"Age (San Francisco, CA: McSweeney’s, 2014) 68."
msgstr ""
#. type: Bullet: '3. '
-#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.md:2356
+#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.md:2373
msgid "Ibid., 55."
msgstr ""
#. type: Bullet: '4. '
-#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.md:2356
+#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.md:2373
msgid ""
"Chris Anderson, Free: How Today’s Smartest Businesses Profit by Giving "
"Something for Nothing, reprint with new preface (New York: Hyperion, 2010), "
msgstr ""
#. type: Bullet: '5. '
-#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.md:2356
+#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.md:2373
msgid "Doctorow, Information Doesn’t Want to Be Free, 44."
msgstr ""
#. type: Bullet: '6. '
-#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.md:2356
+#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.md:2373
msgid ""
"Amanda Palmer, The Art of Asking: Or How I Learned to Stop Worrying and Let "
"People Help (New York: Grand Central, 2014), 121."
msgstr ""
#. type: Bullet: '7. '
-#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.md:2356
+#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.md:2373
msgid ""
"Chris Anderson, Makers: The New Industrial Revolution (New York: Signal, "
"2012), 64."
msgstr ""
#. type: Bullet: '8. '
-#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.md:2356
+#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.md:2373
msgid ""
"David Bollier, Think Like a Commoner: A Short Introduction to the Life of "
"the Commons (Gabriola Island, BC: New Society, 2014), 70."
msgstr ""
#. type: Plain text
-#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.md:2356
+#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.md:2373
#, no-wrap
msgid ""
"9. Anderson, Makers, 66.\n"
"64. Lisa Gansky, The Mesh: Why the Future of Business Is Sharing,\n"
" reprint with new epilogue (New York: Portfolio, 2012).\n"
"65. David Lee, “Inside Medium: An Attempt to Bring Civility to the\n"
-" Internet,” BBC News, March 3,\n"
-" 2016, www.bbc.com/news/technology-35709680.\n"
+" Internet,” BBC News, March 3, 2016,\n"
+" www.bbc.com/news/technology-35709680.\n"
"66. Anderson, Makers, 148.\n"
"67. Shirky, Cognitive Surplus, 164.\n"
"68. Whitehurst, foreword to Open Organization.\n"
msgstr ""
#. type: Plain text
-#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.md:2358
+#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.md:2375
msgid "## The Creative Commons Licenses"
msgstr ""
#. type: Plain text
-#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.md:2371
+#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.md:2388
msgid ""
"All of the Creative Commons licenses grant a basic set of permissions. At a "
"minimum, a CC- licensed work can be copied and shared in its original form "
msgstr ""
#. type: Plain text
-#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.md:2373
+#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.md:2390
msgid "Here are the six licenses:"
msgstr ""
#. type: Plain text
-#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.md:2379
+#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.md:2393
+msgid ""
+"{width=\"4.198in\" "
+"height=\"1.4689in\"}"
+msgstr ""
+
+#. type: Plain text
+#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.md:2399
msgid ""
"The Attribution license (CC BY) lets others distribute, remix, tweak, and "
"build upon your work, even commercially, as long as they credit you for the "
msgstr ""
#. type: Plain text
-#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.md:2386
+#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.md:2402
+msgid ""
+"{width=\"4.198in\" "
+"height=\"1.4689in\"}"
+msgstr ""
+
+#. type: Plain text
+#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.md:2409
msgid ""
"The Attribution-Share-Alike license (CC BY-SA) lets others remix, tweak, and "
"build upon your work, even for commercial purposes, as long as they credit "
msgstr ""
#. type: Plain text
-#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.md:2390
+#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.md:2412
+msgid ""
+"{width=\"4.198in\" "
+"height=\"1.4689in\"}"
+msgstr ""
+
+#. type: Plain text
+#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.md:2416
msgid ""
"The Attribution-NoDerivs license (CC BY-ND) allows for redistribution, "
"commercial and noncommercial, as long as it is passed along unchanged with "
msgstr ""
#. type: Plain text
-#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.md:2395
+#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.md:2419
+msgid ""
+"{width=\"4.198in\" "
+"height=\"1.4689in\"}"
+msgstr ""
+
+#. type: Plain text
+#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.md:2424
msgid ""
"The Attribution-NonCommercial license (CC BY-NC) lets others remix, tweak, "
"and build upon your work noncommercially. Although their new works must also "
msgstr ""
#. type: Plain text
-#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.md:2399
+#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.md:2427
+msgid ""
+"{width=\"4.198in\" "
+"height=\"1.4689in\"}"
+msgstr ""
+
+#. type: Plain text
+#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.md:2431
msgid ""
"The Attribution-NonCommercial-ShareAlike license (CC BY-NC-SA) lets others "
"remix, tweak, and build upon your work noncommercially, as long as they "
msgstr ""
#. type: Plain text
-#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.md:2404
+#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.md:2434
+msgid ""
+"{width=\"4.198in\" "
+"height=\"1.4689in\"}"
+msgstr ""
+
+#. type: Plain text
+#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.md:2439
msgid ""
"The Attribution-NonCommercial-NoDerivs license (CC BY-NC-ND) is the most "
"restrictive of our six main licenses, only allowing others to download your "
msgstr ""
#. type: Plain text
-#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.md:2409
+#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.md:2444
msgid ""
"In addition to these six licenses, Creative Commons has two public-domain "
"tools—one for creators and the other for those who manage collections of "
msgstr ""
#. type: Plain text
-#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.md:2412
+#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.md:2447
+msgid ""
+"{width=\"4.1665in\" "
+"height=\"1.4689in\"}"
+msgstr ""
+
+#. type: Plain text
+#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.md:2450
msgid ""
"CC0 enables authors and copyright owners to dedicate their works to the "
"worldwide public domain (“no rights reserved”)."
msgstr ""
#. type: Plain text
-#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.md:2416
+#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.md:2453
+msgid ""
+"{width=\"4.1665in\" "
+"height=\"1.4689in\"}"
+msgstr ""
+
+#. type: Plain text
+#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.md:2457
msgid ""
"The Creative Commons Public Domain Mark facilitates the labeling and "
"discovery of works that are already free of known copyright restrictions."
msgstr ""
#. type: Plain text
-#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.md:2425
+#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.md:2466
msgid ""
"In our case studies, some use just one Creative Commons license, others use "
"several. Attribution (found in thirteen case studies) and "
msgstr ""
#. type: Plain text
-#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.md:2437
+#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.md:2478
msgid ""
"There is a popular misconception that the three NonCommercial licenses "
"offered by CC are the only options for those who want to make money off "
msgstr ""
#. type: Plain text
-#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.md:2449
+#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.md:2490
msgid ""
"The decision to choose a NonCommercial and/or NoDerivs license comes down to "
"how much you need to retain control over the creative work. The "
msgstr ""
#. type: Plain text
-#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.md:2454
+#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.md:2495
msgid ""
"Other times the decision to use a more restrictive license is due to a "
"concern about the integrity of the work. For example, the nonprofit "
msgstr ""
#. type: Plain text
-#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.md:2464
+#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.md:2505
msgid ""
"There is no one right way. The NonCommercial and NoDerivs restrictions "
"reflect the values and preferences of creators about how their creative work "
msgstr ""
#. type: Plain text
-#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.md:2466
+#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.md:2507
msgid "Note"
msgstr ""
#. type: Plain text
-#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.md:2470
+#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.md:2511
msgid ""
"For more about the licenses including examples and tips on sharing your work "
"in the digital commons, start with the Creative Commons page called “Share "
msgstr ""
#. type: Plain text
-#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.md:2472
+#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.md:2513
msgid "creativecommons.org/share-your-work/."
msgstr ""
#. type: Plain text
-#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.md:2474
+#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.md:2515
msgid "# Part 2"
msgstr ""
#. type: Plain text
-#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.md:2476
+#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.md:2517
msgid "# The Case Studies"
msgstr ""
#. type: Plain text
-#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.md:2484
+#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.md:2525
msgid ""
"The twenty-four case studies in this section were chosen from hundreds of "
"nominations received from Kickstarter backers, Creative Commons staff, and "
msgstr ""
#. type: Plain text
-#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.md:2490
+#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.md:2531
msgid ""
"We did background research and conducted interviews for each case study, "
"based on the same set of basic questions about the endeavor. The idea for "
msgstr ""
#. type: Plain text
-#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.md:2492
+#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.md:2533
msgid "## Arduino"
msgstr ""
#. type: Plain text
-#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.md:2495
+#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.md:2536
msgid ""
"Arduino is a for-profit open-source electronics platform and computer "
"hardware and software company. Founded in 2005 in Italy."
msgstr ""
#. type: Plain text
-#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.md:2497
+#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.md:2538
msgid "www.arduino.cc"
msgstr ""
#. type: Plain text
-#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.md:2501
+#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.md:2542
msgid ""
"Revenue model: charging for physical copies (sales of boards, modules, "
"shields, and kits), licensing a trademark (fees paid by those who want to "
msgstr ""
#. type: Plain text
-#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.md:2503 MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.md:3186
+#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.md:2544 MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.md:3227
msgid "Interview date: February 4, 2016"
msgstr ""
#. type: Plain text
-#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.md:2505
+#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.md:2546
msgid "Interviewees: David Cuartielles and Tom Igoe, cofounders"
msgstr ""
#. type: Plain text
-#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.md:2507 MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.md:3190 MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.md:3545 MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.md:3750 MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.md:3990 MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.md:4227 MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.md:4637 MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.md:4849 MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.md:5076 MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.md:5314 MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.md:5749 MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.md:5994 MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.md:6383 MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.md:7027
+#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.md:2548 MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.md:3231 MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.md:3586 MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.md:3791 MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.md:4031 MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.md:4268 MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.md:4678 MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.md:4890 MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.md:5117 MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.md:5355 MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.md:5790 MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.md:6035 MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.md:6424 MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.md:7068
msgid "Profile written by Paul Stacey"
msgstr ""
#. type: Plain text
-#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.md:2519
+#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.md:2560
msgid ""
"In 2005, at the Interaction Design Institute Ivrea in northern Italy, "
"teachers and students needed an easy way to use electronics and programming "
msgstr ""
#. type: Plain text
-#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.md:2527
+#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.md:2568
msgid ""
"Arduino boards are able to read inputs—light on a sensor, a finger on a "
"button, or a Twitter message—and turn it into outputs—activating a motor, "
msgstr ""
#. type: Plain text
-#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.md:2534
+#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.md:2575
msgid ""
"“The reasons for making Arduino open source are complicated,” Tom says. "
"Partly it was about supporting flexibility. The open-source nature of "
msgstr ""
#. type: Plain text
-#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.md:2543
+#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.md:2584
msgid ""
"For Tom another factor was the impending closure of the Ivrea design "
"school. He’d seen other organizations close their doors and all their work "
msgstr ""
#. type: Plain text
-#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.md:2550
+#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.md:2591
msgid ""
"With the school closing, David and some of the other Arduino founders "
"started a consulting firm and multidisciplinary design studio they called "
msgstr ""
#. type: Plain text
-#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.md:2557
+#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.md:2598
msgid ""
"For Tom, part of Arduino’s success is because the founders made themselves "
"the first customer of their product. They made products they themselves "
msgstr ""
#. type: Plain text
-#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.md:2569
+#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.md:2610
msgid ""
"Arduino’s business model has evolved over time—and Tom says model is a "
"grandiose term for it. Originally, they just wanted to make a few boards and "
msgstr ""
#. type: Plain text
-#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.md:2582
+#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.md:2623
msgid ""
"Arduino now has a worldwide community of makers—students, hobbyists, "
"artists, programmers, and professionals. Arduino provides a wiki called "
msgstr ""
#. type: Plain text
-#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.md:2589
+#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.md:2630
msgid ""
"Transitioning Arduino from a project to a company was a big step. Other "
"businesses who made boards were charging a lot of money for them. Arduino "
msgstr ""
#. type: Plain text
-#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.md:2595
+#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.md:2636
msgid ""
"For a business, getting to the end of the year and not being in the red is a "
"success. Arduino may have an open-licensing strategy, but they are still a "
msgstr ""
#. type: Plain text
-#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.md:2605
+#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.md:2646
msgid ""
"While openly licensing the designs, documentation, and software ensures "
"longevity, it does have risks. There’s a possibility that others will create "
msgstr ""
#. type: Plain text
-#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.md:2615
+#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.md:2656
msgid ""
"Tom and David say that a lot of people have built companies off of Arduino, "
"with dozens of Arduino derivatives out there. But in contrast to closed "
msgstr ""
#. type: Plain text
-#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.md:2624
+#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.md:2665
msgid ""
"Over time, the range of Arduino products has diversified, changing and "
"adapting to new needs and challenges. In addition to simple entry level "
msgstr ""
#. type: Plain text
-#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.md:2635
+#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.md:2676
msgid ""
"Arduino’s focus is on high-quality boards, well-designed support materials, "
"and the building of community; this focus is one of the keys to their "
msgstr ""
#. type: Plain text
-#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.md:2645
+#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.md:2686
msgid ""
"A key decision for Arduino was trademarking the name. The founders needed a "
"way to guarantee to people that they were buying a quality product from a "
msgstr ""
#. type: Plain text
-#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.md:2653
+#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.md:2694
msgid ""
"Current official manufacturers are Smart Projects in Italy, SparkFun in the "
"United States, and Dog Hunter in Taiwan/China. These are the only "
msgstr ""
#. type: Plain text
-#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.md:2660
+#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.md:2701
msgid ""
"How far to open things up wasn’t always something the founders perfectly "
"agreed on. David, who was always one to advocate for opening things up more, "
msgstr ""
#. type: Plain text
-#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.md:2673
+#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.md:2714
msgid ""
"David encourages people and businesses to start by sharing everything as a "
"default strategy, and then think about whether there is anything that really "
msgstr ""
#. type: Plain text
-#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.md:2679
+#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.md:2720
msgid ""
"For David, an exciting aspect of Arduino is the way lots of people can use "
"it to adapt technology in many different ways. Technology is always making "
msgstr ""
#. type: Plain text
-#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.md:2685
+#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.md:2726
msgid ""
"Arduino has been hugely successful in making technology and electronics "
"reach a larger audience. For Tom, Arduino has been about “the "
msgstr ""
#. type: Plain text
-#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.md:2689
+#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.md:2730
msgid ""
"Ultimately, for Arduino, going open has been good business—good for product "
"development, good for distribution, good for pricing, and good for "
msgstr ""
#. type: Plain text
-#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.md:2691 MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.md:3729 MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.md:3969 MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.md:4206 MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.md:4828 MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.md:5053 MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.md:5292 MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.md:5539 MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.md:5972 MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.md:6200 MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.md:6641 MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.md:7208
+#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.md:2732 MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.md:3770 MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.md:4010 MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.md:4247 MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.md:4869 MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.md:5094 MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.md:5333 MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.md:5580 MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.md:6013 MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.md:6241 MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.md:6682 MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.md:7249
msgid "Web links"
msgstr ""
#. type: Bullet: '1. '
-#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.md:2694
+#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.md:2735
msgid "www.arduino.cc/en/Main/Products"
msgstr ""
#. type: Bullet: '2. '
-#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.md:2694
+#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.md:2735
msgid "blog.arduino.cc/2013/07/10/send-in-the-clones/"
msgstr ""
#. type: Plain text
-#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.md:2696
+#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.md:2737
msgid "## Ártica"
msgstr ""
#. type: Plain text
-#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.md:2700
+#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.md:2741
msgid ""
"Ártica provides online courses and consulting services focused on how to use "
"digital technology to share knowledge and enable collaboration in arts and "
msgstr ""
#. type: Plain text
-#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.md:2702
+#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.md:2743
msgid "www.articaonline.com"
msgstr ""
#. type: Plain text
-#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.md:2704
+#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.md:2745
msgid "Revenue model: charging for custom services"
msgstr ""
#. type: Plain text
-#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.md:2706
+#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.md:2747
msgid "Interview date: March 9, 2016"
msgstr ""
#. type: Plain text
-#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.md:2708
+#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.md:2749
msgid "Interviewees: Mariana Fossatti and Jorge Gemetto, cofounders"
msgstr ""
#. type: Plain text
-#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.md:2710 MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.md:2860 MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.md:3015 MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.md:3356 MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.md:4468 MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.md:5556 MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.md:6224 MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.md:6661 MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.md:6839 MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.md:7227
+#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.md:2751 MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.md:2901 MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.md:3056 MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.md:3397 MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.md:4509 MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.md:5597 MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.md:6265 MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.md:6702 MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.md:6880 MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.md:7268
msgid "Profile written by Sarah Hinchliff Pearson"
msgstr ""
#. type: Plain text
-#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.md:2715
+#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.md:2756
msgid ""
"The story of Mariana Fossatti and Jorge Gemetto’s business, Ártica, is the "
"ultimate example of DIY. Not only are they successful entrepreneurs, the "
msgstr ""
#. type: Plain text
-#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.md:2717
+#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.md:2758
msgid "Their dream jobs didn’t exist, so they created them."
msgstr ""
#. type: Plain text
-#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.md:2727
+#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.md:2768
msgid ""
"In 2011, Mariana was a sociologist working for an international organization "
"to develop research and online education about rural-development "
msgstr ""
#. type: Plain text
-#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.md:2738
+#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.md:2779
msgid ""
"Ártica feels like a uniquely twenty-first century business. The small "
"company has a global online presence with no physical offices. Jorge and "
msgstr ""
#. type: Plain text
-#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.md:2747
+#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.md:2788
msgid ""
"Ártica offers personalized education and consulting services, and helps "
"clients implement projects. All of these services are customized. They call "
msgstr ""
#. type: Plain text
-#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.md:2754
+#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.md:2795
msgid ""
"When they started, they offered a smaller number of courses designed to "
"attract large audiences. “Over the years, we realized that online "
msgstr ""
#. type: Plain text
-#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.md:2760
+#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.md:2801
msgid ""
"Online courses are their biggest revenue stream, but they also do more than "
"a dozen consulting projects each year, ranging from digitization to event "
msgstr ""
#. type: Plain text
-#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.md:2766
+#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.md:2807
msgid ""
"Ártica also seeks out public and private funding for specific projects. "
"Sometimes, even if they are unsuccessful in subsidizing a project like a new "
msgstr ""
#. type: Plain text
-#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.md:2780
+#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.md:2821
msgid ""
"Ártica relies heavily on their free Creative Commons–licensed content to "
"attract new students and clients. Everything they create—online education, "
msgstr ""
#. type: Plain text
-#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.md:2786
+#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.md:2827
msgid ""
"They also believe sharing their ideas and expertise openly helps them build "
"their reputation and visibility. People often share and cite their work. A "
msgstr ""
#. type: Plain text
-#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.md:2795
+#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.md:2836
msgid ""
"This belief that openness creates new opportunities reflects another "
"belief—in serendipity. When describing their process for creating content, "
msgstr ""
#. type: Plain text
-#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.md:2803
+#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.md:2844
msgid ""
"Rather than planning their work in advance, they let their creative process "
"be dynamic. “This doesn’t mean that we don’t need to work hard in order to "
msgstr ""
#. type: Plain text
-#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.md:2809
+#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.md:2850
msgid ""
"People and relationships are also just as important, sometimes more. “In the "
"educational and cultural business, it is more important to pay attention to "
msgstr ""
#. type: Plain text
-#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.md:2813
+#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.md:2854
msgid ""
"Ártica believes in the power of the network. They seek to make connections "
"with people and institutions across the globe so they can learn from them "
msgstr ""
#. type: Plain text
-#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.md:2824
+#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.md:2865
msgid ""
"At the core of everything Ártica does is a set of values. “Good content is "
"not enough,” Jorge said. “We also think that it is very important to take a "
msgstr ""
#. type: Plain text
-#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.md:2832
+#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.md:2873
msgid ""
"Of course, Ártica also has to make enough money to cover its expenses. "
"Human resources are, by far, their biggest expense. They tap a network of "
msgstr ""
#. type: Plain text
-#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.md:2838
+#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.md:2879
msgid ""
"“There are lots of people offering online courses,” Jorge said. “But it is "
"easy to differentiate us. We have an approach that is very specific and "
msgstr ""
#. type: Plain text
-#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.md:2844
+#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.md:2885
msgid ""
"In their work with younger artists, Mariana and Jorge try to emphasize that "
"this model of success is just as valuable as the picture of success we get "
msgstr ""
#. type: Plain text
-#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.md:2846
+#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.md:2887
msgid "## Blender Institute"
msgstr ""
#. type: Plain text
-#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.md:2849
+#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.md:2890
msgid ""
"The Blender Institute is an animation studio that creates 3-D films using "
"Blender software. Founded in 2006 in the Netherlands."
msgstr ""
#. type: Plain text
-#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.md:2851
+#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.md:2892
msgid "www.blender.org"
msgstr ""
#. type: Plain text
-#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.md:2854
+#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.md:2895
msgid ""
"Revenue model: crowdfunding (subscription-based), charging for physical "
"copies, selling merchandise"
msgstr ""
#. type: Plain text
-#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.md:2856
+#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.md:2897
msgid "Interview date: March 8, 2016"
msgstr ""
#. type: Plain text
-#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.md:2858
+#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.md:2899
msgid "Interviewee: Francesco Siddi, production coordinator"
msgstr ""
#. type: Plain text
-#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.md:2869
+#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.md:2910
msgid ""
"For Ton Roosendaal, the creator of Blender software and its related "
"entities, sharing is practical. Making their 3-D content creation software "
msgstr ""
#. type: Plain text
-#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.md:2878
+#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.md:2919
msgid ""
"Each open-movie project Blender runs produces a host of openly licensed "
"outputs, not just the final film itself but all of the source material as "
msgstr ""
#. type: Plain text
-#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.md:2884
+#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.md:2925
msgid ""
"Rather than just talking about the theoretical benefits of sharing and free "
"culture, Ton is very much about doing and making free culture. Blender’s "
msgstr ""
#. type: Plain text
-#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.md:2894
+#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.md:2935
msgid ""
"Blender’s history begins in the late 1990s, when Ton created the Blender "
"software. Originally, the software was an in-house resource for his "
msgstr ""
#. type: Plain text
-#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.md:2904
+#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.md:2945
msgid ""
"This was long before Kickstarter and other online crowdfunding sites "
"existed, but Ton ran his own version of a crowdfunding campaign and quickly "
msgstr ""
#. type: Plain text
-#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.md:2911
+#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.md:2952
msgid ""
"Like any successful free and open-source software project, Blender developed "
"quickly because the community could make fixes and improvements. “Software "
msgstr ""
#. type: Plain text
-#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.md:2920
+#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.md:2961
msgid ""
"After a few years, Ton began looking for new ways to push development of the "
"software. He came up with the idea of creating CC-licensed films using the "
msgstr ""
#. type: Plain text
-#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.md:2927
+#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.md:2968
msgid ""
"They turned to crowdfunding to subsidize the costs of the project. They had "
"about twenty people working full-time for six to ten months, so the costs "
msgstr ""
#. type: Plain text
-#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.md:2933
+#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.md:2974
msgid ""
"The first film, which was released in 2006, was an experiment. It was so "
"successful that Ton decided to set up the Blender Institute, an entity "
msgstr ""
#. type: Plain text
-#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.md:2944
+#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.md:2985
msgid ""
"Francesco said that, over time, the Blender Institute projects have gotten "
"bigger and more prominent. That means the filmmaking process has become more "
msgstr ""
#. type: Plain text
-#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.md:2952
+#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.md:2993
msgid ""
"Blender has had a lot of success raising money from its community over the "
"years. In many ways, the pitch has gotten easier to make. Not only is "
msgstr ""
#. type: Plain text
-#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.md:2959
+#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.md:3000
msgid ""
"While these benefits of each open-movie project make a compelling pitch for "
"crowdfunding campaigns, Francesco told us the Blender Institute has found "
msgstr ""
#. type: Plain text
-#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.md:2973
+#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.md:3014
msgid ""
"To make their work more sustainable, they needed a way to receive ongoing "
"support rather than on a project-by-project basis. Their solution is Blender "
msgstr ""
#. type: Plain text
-#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.md:2978
+#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.md:3019
msgid ""
"The continuous financial support provided by Blender Cloud subsidizes five "
"to six full-time employees at the Blender Institute. Francesco says their "
msgstr ""
#. type: Plain text
-#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.md:2985
+#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.md:3026
msgid ""
"Blender Cloud is the primary revenue stream of the Blender Institute. The "
"Blender Foundation is funded primarily by donations, and that money goes "
msgstr ""
#. type: Plain text
-#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.md:2990
+#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.md:3031
msgid ""
"Ton has worked on projects relating to his Blender software for nearly "
"twenty years. Throughout most of that time, he has been committed to making "
msgstr ""
#. type: Plain text
-#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.md:2998
+#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.md:3039
msgid ""
"Since 2006, he has been making films available along with all of their "
"source material. He says he has hardly ever seen people stepping into "
msgstr ""
#. type: Plain text
-#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.md:3000
+#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.md:3041
msgid "For Ton and Blender, it all comes back to doing."
msgstr ""
#. type: Plain text
-#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.md:3002
+#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.md:3043
msgid "## Cards Against Humanity"
msgstr ""
#. type: Plain text
-#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.md:3005
+#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.md:3046
msgid ""
"Cards Against Humanity is a private, for-profit company that makes a popular "
"party game by the same name. Founded in 2011 in the U.S."
msgstr ""
#. type: Plain text
-#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.md:3007
+#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.md:3048
msgid "www.cardsagainsthumanity.com"
msgstr ""
#. type: Plain text
-#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.md:3009
+#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.md:3050
msgid "Revenue model: charging for physical copies"
msgstr ""
#. type: Plain text
-#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.md:3011
+#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.md:3052
msgid "Interview date: February 3, 2016"
msgstr ""
#. type: Plain text
-#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.md:3013
+#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.md:3054
msgid "Interviewee: Max Temkin, cofounder"
msgstr ""
#. type: Plain text
-#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.md:3020
+#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.md:3061
msgid ""
"If you ask cofounder Max Temkin, there is nothing particularly interesting "
"about the Cards Against Humanity business model. “We make a product. We sell "
msgstr ""
#. type: Plain text
-#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.md:3028
+#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.md:3069
msgid ""
"He is right. Cards Against Humanity is a simple party game, modeled after "
"the game Apples to Apples. To play, one player asks a question or "
msgstr ""
#. type: Plain text
-#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.md:3034
+#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.md:3075
msgid ""
"The revenue model is simple. Physical copies of the game are sold for a "
"profit. And it works. At the time of this writing, Cards Against Humanity is "
msgstr ""
#. type: Plain text
-#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.md:3039
+#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.md:3080
msgid ""
"But Cards Against Humanity is also available for free. Anyone can download a "
"digital version of the game on the Cards Against Humanity website. More than "
msgstr ""
#. type: Plain text
-#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.md:3045
+#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.md:3086
msgid ""
"The game is available under an Attribution-NonCommercial-ShareAlike license "
"(CC BY-NC-SA). That means, in addition to copying the game, anyone can "
msgstr ""
#. type: Plain text
-#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.md:3050
+#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.md:3091
msgid ""
"All together, these factors—the crass tone of the game and company, the free "
"download, the openness to fans remixing the game—give the game a massive "
msgstr ""
#. type: Plain text
-#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.md:3061
+#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.md:3102
msgid ""
"Their success is not the result of a grand plan. Instead, Cards Against "
"Humanity was the last in a long line of games and comedy projects that Max "
msgstr ""
#. type: Plain text
-#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.md:3065
+#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.md:3106
msgid ""
"The game caught on quickly, and it has only grown more popular over "
"time. Max says the eight founders never had a meeting where they decided to "
msgstr ""
#. type: Plain text
-#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.md:3070
+#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.md:3111
msgid ""
"But this tale of a “happy accident” belies marketing genius. Just like the "
"game, the Cards Against Humanity brand is irreverent and memorable. It is "
msgstr ""
#. type: Plain text
-#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.md:3082
+#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.md:3123
msgid ""
"Like most quality satire, however, there is more to the joke than vulgarity "
"and shock value. The company’s marketing efforts around Black Friday "
msgstr ""
#. type: Plain text
-#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.md:3086
+#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.md:3127
msgid ""
"“We sweated it out the night before Black Friday, wondering if our fans were "
"going to hate us for it,” he said. “But it made us laugh so we went with "
msgstr ""
#. type: Plain text
-#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.md:3091
+#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.md:3132
msgid ""
"This sort of bold transparency delights the media, but more importantly, it "
"engages their fans. “One of the most surprising things you can do in "
msgstr ""
#. type: Plain text
-#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.md:3098
+#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.md:3139
msgid ""
"Max also likened it to a grand improv scene. “If we do something a little "
"subversive and unexpected, the public wants to be a part of the joke.” One "
msgstr ""
#. type: Plain text
-#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.md:3109
+#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.md:3150
msgid ""
"This remarkable trust they have in their customers is what inspired their "
"decision to apply a Creative Commons license to the game. Trusting your "
msgstr ""
#. type: Plain text
-#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.md:3116
+#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.md:3157
msgid ""
"Any successful product inspires its biggest fans to create remixes of it, "
"but unsanctioned adaptations are more likely to fly under the radar. The "
msgstr ""
#. type: Plain text
-#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.md:3121
+#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.md:3162
msgid ""
"Max said, “CC was a no-brainer for us because it gets the most people "
"involved. Making the game free and available under a CC license led to the "
msgstr ""
#. type: Plain text
-#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.md:3132
+#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.md:3173
msgid ""
"Of course, there are limits to what the company allows its customers to do "
"with the game. They chose the Attribution-NonCommercial-ShareAlike license "
msgstr ""
#. type: Plain text
-#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.md:3140
+#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.md:3181
msgid ""
"Just as there is more than meets the eye to the Cards Against Humanity "
"business model, the same can be said of the game itself. To be playable, "
msgstr ""
#. type: Plain text
-#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.md:3149
+#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.md:3190
msgid ""
"That means cocreation with their fans really doesn’t work. The company has a "
"submission mechanism on their website, and they get thousands of "
msgstr ""
#. type: Plain text
-#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.md:3155
+#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.md:3196
msgid ""
"For all of their success, the creators of Cards Against Humanity are only "
"partially motivated by money. Max says they have always been interested in "
msgstr ""
#. type: Plain text
-#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.md:3162
+#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.md:3203
msgid ""
"In fact, the company has given more than \\$4 million to various charities "
"and causes. “Cards is not our life plan,” Max said. “We all have other "
msgstr ""
#. type: Plain text
-#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.md:3168
+#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.md:3209
msgid ""
"Seeing money as fuel rather than the ultimate goal is what has enabled them "
"to embrace Creative Commons licensing without reservation. CC licensing "
msgstr ""
#. type: Plain text
-#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.md:3173
+#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.md:3214
msgid ""
"“It’s not right for everyone to release everything under CC licensing,” Max "
"said. “If your only goal is to make a lot of money, then CC is not best "
msgstr ""
#. type: Plain text
-#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.md:3175
+#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.md:3216
msgid "## The Conversation"
msgstr ""
#. type: Plain text
-#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.md:3179
+#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.md:3220
msgid ""
"The Conversation is an independent source of news, sourced from the academic "
"and research community and delivered direct to the public over the "
msgstr ""
#. type: Plain text
-#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.md:3181
+#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.md:3222
msgid "theconversation.com"
msgstr ""
#. type: Plain text
-#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.md:3184
+#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.md:3225
msgid ""
"Revenue model: charging content creators (universities pay membership fees "
"to have their faculties serve as writers), grant funding"
msgstr ""
#. type: Plain text
-#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.md:3188
+#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.md:3229
msgid "Interviewee: Andrew Jaspan, founder"
msgstr ""
#. type: Plain text
-#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.md:3198
+#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.md:3239
msgid ""
"Andrew Jaspan spent years as an editor of major newspapers including the "
"Observer in London, the Sunday Herald in Glasgow, and the Age in Melbourne, "
msgstr ""
#. type: Plain text
-#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.md:3204
+#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.md:3245
msgid ""
"Around the time he left his job as editor of the Melbourne Age, Andrew "
"wondered where citizens would get news grounded in fact and evidence rather "
msgstr ""
#. type: Plain text
-#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.md:3222
+#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.md:3263
msgid ""
"While at the Age, he’d become friends with a vice-chancellor of a university "
"in Melbourne who encouraged him to talk to smart people across campus—an "
msgstr ""
#. type: Plain text
-#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.md:3233
+#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.md:3274
msgid ""
"Andrew believed he could to help connect academics back into the public "
"arena, and maybe help society find solutions to big problems. He thought "
msgstr ""
#. type: Plain text
-#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.md:3244
+#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.md:3285
msgid ""
"The people he spoke to liked this idea, and Andrew embarked on raising money "
"and support with the help of the Commonwealth Scientific and Industrial "
msgstr ""
#. type: Plain text
-#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.md:3253
+#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.md:3294
msgid ""
"The Conversation is founded on the belief that underpinning a functioning "
"democracy is access to independent, high-quality, informative "
msgstr ""
#. type: Plain text
-#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.md:3266
+#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.md:3307
msgid ""
"Andrew worked hard to reinvent a methodology for creating reliable, credible "
"content. He introduced strict new working practices, a charter, and codes of "
msgstr ""
#. type: Plain text
-#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.md:3277
+#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.md:3318
msgid ""
"Creative Commons help with these goals; articles are published with the "
"Attribution- NoDerivs license (CC BY-ND). They’re freely available for "
msgstr ""
#. type: Plain text
-#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.md:3284
+#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.md:3325
msgid ""
"When readers come across the Conversation, they seem to like what they find "
"and recommend it to their friends, peers, and networks. Readership has grown "
msgstr ""
#. type: Plain text
-#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.md:3292
+#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.md:3333
msgid ""
"It’s usual for the founders of any company to ask themselves what kind of "
"company it should be. It quickly became clear to the founders of the "
msgstr ""
#. type: Plain text
-#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.md:3301
+#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.md:3342
msgid ""
"There are now different editions of the Conversation for Africa, the United "
"Kingdom, France, and the United States, in addition to the one for "
msgstr ""
#. type: Plain text
-#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.md:3308
+#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.md:3349
msgid ""
"Additionally, each edition has its own set of founding partners, strategic "
"partners, and funders. They’ve received funding from foundations, "
msgstr ""
#. type: Plain text
-#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.md:3314
+#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.md:3355
msgid ""
"When professors from member universities write an article, there is some "
"branding of the university associated with the article. On the Conversation "
msgstr ""
#. type: Plain text
-#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.md:3322
+#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.md:3363
msgid ""
"Academics are not paid for their contributions, but they get free editing "
"from a professional (four to five hours per piece, on average). They also "
msgstr ""
#. type: Plain text
-#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.md:3328
+#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.md:3369
msgid ""
"The Conversation plans to expand the dashboard to show not just reach but "
"impact. This tracks activities, behaviors, and events that occurred as a "
msgstr ""
#. type: Plain text
-#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.md:3332
+#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.md:3373
msgid ""
"These reach and impact metrics show the benefits of membership. With the "
"Conversation, universities can engage with the public and show why they’re "
msgstr ""
#. type: Plain text
-#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.md:3338
+#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.md:3379
msgid ""
"With its tagline, “Academic Rigor, Journalistic Flair,” the Conversation "
"represents a new form of journalism that contributes to a more informed "
msgstr ""
#. type: Plain text
-#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.md:3340 MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.md:4449 MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.md:5730 MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.md:7376
+#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.md:3381 MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.md:4490 MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.md:5771 MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.md:7417
msgid "Web link"
msgstr ""
#. type: Bullet: '1. '
-#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.md:3342
+#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.md:3383
msgid "theconversation.com/us/charter"
msgstr ""
#. type: Plain text
-#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.md:3344
+#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.md:3385
msgid "## Cory Doctorow"
msgstr ""
#. type: Plain text
-#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.md:3347
+#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.md:3388
msgid ""
"Cory Doctorow is a science fiction writer, activist, blogger, and "
"journalist. Based in the U.S."
msgstr ""
#. type: Plain text
-#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.md:3349
+#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.md:3390
msgid "craphound.com and boingboing.net"
msgstr ""
#. type: Plain text
-#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.md:3352
+#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.md:3393
msgid ""
"Revenue model: charging for physical copies (book sales), pay-what-you-want, "
"selling translation rights to books"
msgstr ""
#. type: Plain text
-#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.md:3354
+#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.md:3395
msgid "Interview date: January 12, 2016"
msgstr ""
#. type: Plain text
-#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.md:3363
+#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.md:3404
msgid ""
"Cory Doctorow hates the term “business model,” and he is adamant that he is "
"not a brand. “To me, branding is the idea that you can take a thing that has "
msgstr ""
#. type: Plain text
-#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.md:3367
+#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.md:3408
msgid ""
"Cory calls himself an entrepreneur. He likes to say his success came from "
"making stuff people happened to like and then getting out of the way of them "
msgstr ""
#. type: Plain text
-#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.md:3376
+#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.md:3417
msgid ""
"He is a science fiction writer, activist, blogger, and journalist. "
"Beginning with his first novel, Down and Out in the Magic Kingdom, in 2003, "
msgstr ""
#. type: Plain text
-#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.md:3380
+#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.md:3421
msgid ""
"Cory primarily makes money by selling physical books, but he also takes on "
"paid speaking gigs and is experimenting with pay-what-you-want models for "
msgstr ""
#. type: Plain text
-#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.md:3395
+#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.md:3436
msgid ""
"While Cory’s extensive body of fiction work has a large following, he is "
"just as well known for his activism. He is an outspoken opponent of "
msgstr ""
#. type: Plain text
-#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.md:3406
+#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.md:3447
msgid ""
"Cory has been financially successful, but money is not his primary "
"motivation. At the start of his book Information Doesn’t Want to Be Free, he "
msgstr ""
#. type: Plain text
-#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.md:3414
+#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.md:3455
msgid ""
"Just as money is not his primary motivation to create, money is not his "
"primary motivation to share. For Cory, sharing his work with Creative "
msgstr ""
#. type: Plain text
-#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.md:3422
+#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.md:3463
msgid ""
"He also feels like there is a solid commercial basis for licensing his work "
"with Creative Commons. While he acknowledges he hasn’t been able to do a "
msgstr ""
#. type: Plain text
-#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.md:3433
+#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.md:3474
msgid ""
"Cory started using CC licenses soon after they were first created. At the "
"time his first novel came out, he says the science fiction genre was overrun "
msgstr ""
#. type: Plain text
-#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.md:3439
+#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.md:3480
msgid ""
"Cory admits the stakes were pretty low for him when he first adopted "
"Creative Commons licenses. He only had to sell two thousand copies of his "
msgstr ""
#. type: Plain text
-#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.md:3446
+#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.md:3487
msgid ""
"The bottom line, Cory says, is that no one has found a way to prevent people "
"from copying the stuff they like. Rather than fighting the tide, Cory makes "
msgstr ""
#. type: Plain text
-#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.md:3459
+#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.md:3500
msgid ""
"Making his work available under Creative Commons licenses enables him to "
"view his biggest fans as his ambassadors. “Being open to fan activity makes "
msgstr ""
#. type: Plain text
-#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.md:3472
+#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.md:3513
msgid ""
"His first book was published under the most restrictive Creative Commons "
"license, Attribution-NonCommercial-NoDerivs (CC BY-NC-ND). It allows only "
msgstr ""
#. type: Plain text
-#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.md:3484
+#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.md:3525
msgid ""
"In his book Information Doesn’t Want to Be Free, Cory likens his philosophy "
"to thinking like a dandelion. Dandelions produce thousands of seeds each "
msgstr ""
#. type: Plain text
-#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.md:3493
+#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.md:3534
msgid ""
"Applying a CC license to his work increases the chances it will be shared "
"more widely around the Web. He avoids DRM—and openly opposes the "
msgstr ""
#. type: Plain text
-#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.md:3502
+#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.md:3543
msgid ""
"Cory operates under the premise that artists benefit when there are more, "
"rather than fewer, places where people can access their work. The Internet "
msgstr ""
#. type: Plain text
-#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.md:3511
+#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.md:3552
msgid ""
"Cory says his e-book sales have been lower than those of his competitors, "
"and he attributes some of that to the CC license making the work available "
msgstr ""
#. type: Plain text
-#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.md:3520
+#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.md:3561
msgid ""
"Fans are particularly willing to pay when they feel personally connected to "
"the artist. Cory works hard to create that personal connection. One way he "
msgstr ""
#. type: Plain text
-#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.md:3526
+#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.md:3567
msgid ""
"Cory’s realism about the difficulty of making a living in the arts does not "
"reflect pessimism about the Internet age. Instead, he says the fact that it "
msgstr ""
#. type: Plain text
-#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.md:3528
+#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.md:3569
msgid "It has never been easier to think like a dandelion."
msgstr ""
#. type: Plain text
-#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.md:3530
+#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.md:3571
msgid "## Figshare"
msgstr ""
#. type: Plain text
-#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.md:3535
+#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.md:3576
msgid ""
"Figshare is a for-profit company offering an online repository where "
"researchers can preserve and share the output of their research, including "
msgstr ""
#. type: Plain text
-#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.md:3537
+#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.md:3578
msgid "figshare.com"
msgstr ""
#. type: Plain text
-#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.md:3539
+#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.md:3580
msgid "Revenue model: platform providing paid services to creators"
msgstr ""
#. type: Plain text
-#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.md:3541
+#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.md:3582
msgid "Interview date: January 28, 2016"
msgstr ""
#. type: Plain text
-#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.md:3543
+#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.md:3584
msgid "Interviewee: Mark Hahnel, founder"
msgstr ""
#. type: Plain text
-#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.md:3554
+#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.md:3595
msgid ""
"Figshare’s mission is to change the face of academic publishing through "
"improved dissemination, discoverability, and reusability of scholarly "
msgstr ""
#. type: Plain text
-#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.md:3558
+#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.md:3599
msgid ""
"Figshare founder Mark Hahnel often gets asked: How do you make money? How do "
"we know you’ll be here in five years? Can you, as a for-profit venture, be "
msgstr ""
#. type: Plain text
-#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.md:3566
+#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.md:3607
msgid ""
"Mark traces the origins of Figshare back to when he was a graduate student "
"getting his PhD in stem cell biology. His research involved working with "
msgstr ""
#. type: Plain text
-#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.md:3572
+#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.md:3613
msgid ""
"Mark does not consider himself an advanced software programmer. "
"Fortunately, things like cloud-based computing and wikis had become "
msgstr ""
#. type: Plain text
-#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.md:3576
+#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.md:3617
msgid ""
"There were two key needs: licenses to make the data citable, and persistent "
"identifiers— URL links that always point back to the original object "
msgstr ""
#. type: Plain text
-#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.md:3583
+#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.md:3624
msgid ""
"Mark chose Digital Object Identifiers (DOIs) to meet the need for a "
"persistent identifier. In the DOI system, an object’s metadata is stored as "
msgstr ""
#. type: Plain text
-#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.md:3589
+#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.md:3630
msgid ""
"As for licenses, Mark chose Creative Commons. The open-access and "
"open-science communities were already using and recommending Creative "
msgstr ""
#. type: Plain text
-#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.md:3594
+#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.md:3635
msgid ""
"So Mark began using DOIs and Creative Commons for his own research work. He "
"had a science blog where he wrote about it and made all his data "
msgstr ""
#. type: Plain text
-#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.md:3601
+#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.md:3642
msgid ""
"People liked the interface and simple upload process. People started asking "
"if they could also share theses, grant proposals, and code. Inclusion of "
msgstr ""
#. type: Plain text
-#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.md:3607
+#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.md:3648
msgid ""
"Mark sought investment to make this into a scalable product. After a few "
"unsuccessful funding pitches, UK-based Digital Science expressed interest "
msgstr ""
#. type: Plain text
-#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.md:3617
+#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.md:3658
msgid ""
"Under the freemium model, academics upload their research to Figshare for "
"storage and sharing for free. Each research object is licensed with Creative "
msgstr ""
#. type: Plain text
-#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.md:3625
+#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.md:3666
msgid ""
"In January 2012, Figshare was launched. (The fig in Figshare stands for "
"figures.) Using investment funds, Mark made significant improvements to "
msgstr ""
#. type: Plain text
-#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.md:3637
+#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.md:3678
msgid ""
"Figshare diversified its business model to include services for "
"journals. Figshare began hosting large amounts of data for the journals’ "
msgstr ""
#. type: Plain text
-#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.md:3645
+#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.md:3686
msgid ""
"Governments allocate significant public funds to research. In parallel with "
"the launch of Figshare, governments around the world began requesting the "
msgstr ""
#. type: Plain text
-#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.md:3653
+#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.md:3694
msgid ""
"Figshare now offers a range of fee-based services to institutions, including "
"their own minibranded Figshare space (called Figshare for Institutions) that "
msgstr ""
#. type: Plain text
-#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.md:3664
+#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.md:3705
msgid ""
"As with researchers and publishers, Fig-share encouraged institutions to "
"share their research with CC BY (Attribution) and their data with CC0 (into "
msgstr ""
#. type: Plain text
-#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.md:3672
+#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.md:3713
msgid ""
"For Mark this created a conflict. On the one hand, the principles and "
"benefits of open science are at the heart of Figshare, and Mark believes CC "
msgstr ""
#. type: Plain text
-#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.md:3679
+#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.md:3720
msgid ""
"Mark is thinking of doing a Figshare study that tracks research "
"dissemination according to Creative Commons license, and gathering metrics "
msgstr ""
#. type: Plain text
-#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.md:3688
+#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.md:3729
msgid ""
"Figshare has an Application Programming Interface (API) that makes it "
"possible for data to be pulled from Figshare and used in other "
msgstr ""
#. type: Plain text
-#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.md:3698
+#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.md:3739
msgid ""
"The free version of Figshare has built a community of academics, who through "
"word of mouth and presentations have promoted and spread awareness of "
msgstr ""
#. type: Plain text
-#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.md:3708
+#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.md:3749
msgid ""
"Mark says his success is partly about being in the right place at the right "
"time. He also believes that the diversification of Figshare’s model over "
msgstr ""
#. type: Plain text
-#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.md:3715
+#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.md:3756
msgid ""
"Today Figshare has 26 million–plus page views, 7.5 million–plus downloads, "
"800,000–plus user uploads, 2 million–plus articles, 500,000-plus "
msgstr ""
#. type: Plain text
-#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.md:3727
+#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.md:3768
msgid ""
"Figshare uses the revenue it generates from the premium subscribers, journal "
"publishers, and institutions to fund and expand what it can offer to "
msgstr ""
#. type: Bullet: '1. '
-#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.md:3733
+#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.md:3774
msgid "figshare.com/articles/Journal\\_subscription\\_costs\\_FOIs\\_to\\_UK\\_universities/1186832"
msgstr ""
#. type: Bullet: '2. '
-#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.md:3733
+#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.md:3774
msgid "retr0.shinyapps.io/journal\\_costs/?year=2014&inst=19,22,38,42,59,64,80,95,136"
msgstr ""
#. type: Bullet: '3. '
-#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.md:3733
+#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.md:3774
msgid "figshare.com/features"
msgstr ""
#. type: Plain text
-#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.md:3735
+#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.md:3776
msgid "## Figure.NZ"
msgstr ""
#. type: Plain text
-#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.md:3739
+#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.md:3780
msgid ""
"Figure.NZ is a nonprofit charity that makes an online data platform designed "
"to make data reusable and easy to understand. Founded in 2012 in New "
msgstr ""
#. type: Plain text
-#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.md:3741
+#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.md:3782
msgid "figure.nz"
msgstr ""
#. type: Plain text
-#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.md:3744
+#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.md:3785
msgid ""
"Revenue model: platform providing paid services to creators, donations, "
"sponsorships"
msgstr ""
#. type: Plain text
-#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.md:3746
+#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.md:3787
msgid "Interview date: May 3, 2016"
msgstr ""
#. type: Plain text
-#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.md:3748
+#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.md:3789
msgid "Interviewee: Lillian Grace, founder"
msgstr ""
#. type: Plain text
-#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.md:3767
+#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.md:3808
msgid ""
"In the paper Harnessing the Economic and Social Power of Data presented at "
"the New Zealand Data Futures Forum in 2014,1 Figure.NZ founder Lillian Grace "
msgstr ""
#. type: Plain text
-#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.md:3776
+#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.md:3817
msgid ""
"Lillian had the idea for Figure.NZ in February 2012 while working for the "
"New Zealand Institute, a think tank concerned with improving economic "
msgstr ""
#. type: Plain text
-#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.md:3788
+#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.md:3829
msgid ""
"Lillian began to imagine a website that lifted data up to a visual form that "
"could be easily understood and freely accessed. Initially launched as Wiki "
msgstr ""
#. type: Plain text
-#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.md:3803
+#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.md:3844
msgid ""
"Here’s how it works. Figure.NZ sources data from other organizations, "
"including corporations, public repositories, government departments, and "
msgstr ""
#. type: Plain text
-#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.md:3817
+#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.md:3858
msgid ""
"Lillian characterizes the initial decision to use Creative Commons as "
"naively fortunate. It was first recommended to her by a colleague. Lillian "
msgstr ""
#. type: Plain text
-#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.md:3828
+#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.md:3869
msgid ""
"Lillian thinks current ideas of what a business is are relatively new, only "
"a hundred years old or so. She’s convinced that twenty years from now, we "
msgstr ""
#. type: Plain text
-#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.md:3845
+#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.md:3886
msgid ""
"Although Figure.NZ is a social enterprise that openly licenses their data "
"and graphs for everyone to use for free, they have taken care not to be "
msgstr ""
#. type: Plain text
-#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.md:3850
+#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.md:3891
msgid ""
"Figure.NZ spends a lot of time seeking to understand the motivations of data "
"collectors and to identify the channels where it can provide value. Every "
msgstr ""
#. type: Plain text
-#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.md:3863
+#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.md:3904
msgid ""
"Figure.NZ has multiple lines of business. They provide commercial services "
"to organizations that want their data publicly available and want to use "
msgstr ""
#. type: Plain text
-#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.md:3874
+#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.md:3915
msgid ""
"Lillian notes that the current state of most data is terrible and often not "
"well understood by the people who have it. This sometimes makes it difficult "
msgstr ""
#. type: Plain text
-#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.md:3880
+#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.md:3921
msgid ""
"A second line of business is what Figure.NZ calls partners. ASB Bank and "
"Statistics New Zealand are partners who back Figure.NZ’s efforts. As one "
msgstr ""
#. type: Plain text
-#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.md:3884
+#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.md:3925
msgid ""
"Figure.NZ also has patrons.4 Patrons donate to topic areas they care about, "
"directly enabling Figure.NZ to get data together to flesh out those "
msgstr ""
#. type: Plain text
-#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.md:3889
+#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.md:3930
msgid ""
"Figure.NZ also accepts philanthropic donations, which are used to provide "
"more content, extend technology, and improve services, or are targeted to "
msgstr ""
#. type: Plain text
-#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.md:3899
+#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.md:3940
msgid ""
"Figure.NZ has morphed and grown over time. With data aggregation, curation, "
"and visualizing services all in-house, Figure.NZ has developed a deep "
msgstr ""
#. type: Plain text
-#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.md:3908
+#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.md:3949
msgid ""
"Figure.NZ’s website displays visuals and data associated with a wide range "
"of categories including crime, economy, education, employment, energy, "
msgstr ""
#. type: Plain text
-#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.md:3920
+#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.md:3961
msgid ""
"Figure.NZ believes data and visuals should be useful. They provide their "
"customers with a data collection template and teach them why it’s important "
msgstr ""
#. type: Plain text
-#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.md:3928
+#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.md:3969
msgid ""
"Lillian has a deep and profound vision for Figure.NZ that goes well beyond "
"simply providing open-data services. She says things are different now. “We "
msgstr ""
#. type: Plain text
-#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.md:3932
+#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.md:3973
msgid ""
"“But now we live in a world where it’s really easy to share information "
"widely and also to communicate widely. In the world we live in now, the best "
msgstr ""
#. type: Plain text
-#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.md:3936
+#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.md:3977
msgid ""
"“The use of numbers and data as a way of making well-informed decisions is "
"one of the areas where there is the biggest gaps. We don’t really use "
msgstr ""
#. type: Plain text
-#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.md:3946
+#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.md:3987
msgid ""
"“Part of the reason is the way data is spread across hundreds of sites. In "
"addition, for the most part, deep thinking based on data is constrained to "
msgstr ""
#. type: Plain text
-#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.md:3952
+#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.md:3993
msgid ""
"“Figure.NZ may be the first organization to assert that everyone can use "
"numbers in their thinking, and it’s built a technological platform along "
msgstr ""
#. type: Plain text
-#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.md:3960
+#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.md:4001
msgid ""
"“Figure.NZ sees this as a new kind of alphabet that can help people analyze "
"what they see around them. A way to be thoughtful and informed about "
msgstr ""
#. type: Plain text
-#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.md:3967
+#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.md:4008
msgid ""
"Lillian sees Figure.NZ’s model as having global potential. But for now, "
"their focus is completely on making Figure.NZ work in New Zealand and to get "
msgstr ""
#. type: Bullet: '1. '
-#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.md:3974
+#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.md:4015
msgid "www.nzdatafutures.org.nz/sites/default/files/NZDFF\\_harness-the-power.pdf"
msgstr ""
#. type: Bullet: '2. '
-#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.md:3974
+#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.md:4015
msgid "www.ict.govt.nz/guidance-and-resources/open-government/new-zealand-government-open-access-and-licensing-nzgoal-framework/"
msgstr ""
#. type: Bullet: '3. '
-#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.md:3974
+#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.md:4015
msgid "figure.nz/business/"
msgstr ""
#. type: Bullet: '4. '
-#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.md:3974
+#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.md:4015
msgid "figure.nz/patrons/"
msgstr ""
#. type: Plain text
-#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.md:3976
+#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.md:4017
msgid "## Knowledge Unlatched"
msgstr ""
#. type: Plain text
-#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.md:3980
+#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.md:4021
msgid ""
"Knowledge Unlatched is a not-for-profit community interest company that "
"brings libraries together to pool funds to publish open-access books. "
msgstr ""
#. type: Plain text
-#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.md:3982
+#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.md:4023
msgid "knowledgeunlatched.org"
msgstr ""
#. type: Plain text
-#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.md:3984
+#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.md:4025
msgid "Revenue model: crowdfunding (specialized)"
msgstr ""
#. type: Plain text
-#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.md:3986
+#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.md:4027
msgid "Interview date: February 26, 2016"
msgstr ""
#. type: Plain text
-#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.md:3988
+#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.md:4029
msgid "Interviewee: Frances Pinter, founder"
msgstr ""
#. type: Plain text
-#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.md:4004
+#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.md:4045
msgid ""
"The serial entrepreneur Dr. Frances Pinter has been at the forefront of "
"innovation in the publishing industry for nearly forty years. She founded "
msgstr ""
#. type: Plain text
-#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.md:4009
+#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.md:4050
msgid ""
"Dr. Pinter has been in academic publishing most of her career. About ten "
"years ago, she became acquainted with the Creative Commons founder Lawrence "
msgstr ""
#. type: Plain text
-#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.md:4014
+#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.md:4055
msgid ""
"Not long after, she ran a project in Africa convincing publishers in Uganda "
"and South Africa to put some of their content online for free using a "
msgstr ""
#. type: Plain text
-#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.md:4028
+#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.md:4069
msgid ""
"In 2008, Bloomsbury Academic, a new imprint of Bloomsbury Publishing in the "
"United Kingdom, appointed her its founding publisher in London. As part of "
msgstr ""
#. type: Plain text
-#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.md:4035
+#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.md:4076
msgid ""
"Frances began to look at customer interest in the three forms of the book: "
"1) the Creative Commons–licensed free online book in PDF form, 2) the "
msgstr ""
#. type: Plain text
-#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.md:4042
+#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.md:4083
msgid ""
"After a while, Frances had an epiphany—what if there was a way to get "
"libraries to underwrite the costs of making these books up until they’re "
msgstr ""
#. type: Plain text
-#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.md:4049
+#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.md:4090
msgid ""
"This idea is similar to the article-processing charge some open-access "
"journals charge researchers to cover publishing costs. Frances began to "
msgstr ""
#. type: Plain text
-#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.md:4058
+#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.md:4099
msgid ""
"This idea really took hold in her mind. She didn’t really have a name for it "
"but began talking about it and making presentations to see if there was "
msgstr ""
#. type: Plain text
-#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.md:4061
+#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.md:4102
msgid ""
"She describes the business model in a paper called Knowledge Unlatched: "
"Toward an Open and Networked Future for Academic Publishing:"
msgstr ""
#. type: Bullet: '1. '
-#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.md:4079
+#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.md:4120
msgid ""
"Publishers offer titles for sale reflecting origination costs only via "
"Knowledge Unlatched."
msgstr ""
#. type: Bullet: '2. '
-#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.md:4079
+#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.md:4120
msgid ""
"Individual libraries select titles either as individual titles or as "
"collections (as they do from library suppliers now)."
msgstr ""
#. type: Bullet: '3. '
-#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.md:4079
+#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.md:4120
msgid ""
"Their selections are sent to Knowledge Unlatched specifying the titles to be "
"purchased at the stated price(s)."
msgstr ""
#. type: Bullet: '4. '
-#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.md:4079
+#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.md:4120
msgid ""
"The price, called a Title Fee (set by publishers and negotiated by Knowledge "
"Unlatched), is paid to publishers to cover the fixed costs of publishing "
msgstr ""
#. type: Bullet: '5. '
-#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.md:4079
+#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.md:4120
msgid ""
"Publishers make the selected titles available Open Access (on a Creative "
"Commons or similar open license) and are then paid the Title Fee which is "
msgstr ""
#. type: Bullet: '6. '
-#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.md:4079
+#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.md:4120
msgid ""
"Publishers make print copies, e-Pub, and other digital versions of selected "
"titles available to member libraries at a discount that reflects their "
msgstr ""
#. type: Plain text
-#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.md:4087
+#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.md:4128
msgid ""
"The first round of this model resulted in a collection of twenty-eight "
"current titles from thirteen recognized scholarly publishers being "
msgstr ""
#. type: Plain text
-#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.md:4096
+#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.md:4137
msgid ""
"The open-access, Creative Commons versions of these twenty-eight books are "
"still available online.4 Most books have been licensed with CC BY-NC or CC "
msgstr ""
#. type: Plain text
-#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.md:4106
+#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.md:4147
msgid ""
"There are three cost variables to consider for each round: the overall cost "
"incurred by the publishers, total cost for each library to acquire all the "
msgstr ""
#. type: Plain text
-#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.md:4119
+#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.md:4160
msgid ""
"The second round, recently completed, unlatched seventy-eight books from "
"twenty-six publishers. For this round, Frances was experimenting with the "
msgstr ""
#. type: Plain text
-#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.md:4124
+#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.md:4165
msgid ""
"The longest part of the whole process is getting libraries to pledge and "
"commit funds. It takes about five months, as library buy-in has to fit "
msgstr ""
#. type: Plain text
-#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.md:4132
+#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.md:4173
msgid ""
"Knowledge Unlatched informs and recruits libraries through social media, "
"mailing lists, listservs, and library associations. Of the three hundred "
msgstr ""
#. type: Plain text
-#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.md:4136
+#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.md:4177
msgid ""
"Knowledge Unlatched is scaling up, offering 150 new titles in the second "
"half of 2016. It will also offer backlist titles, and in 2017 will start to "
msgstr ""
#. type: Plain text
-#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.md:4140
+#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.md:4181
msgid ""
"Knowledge Unlatched deliberately chose monographs as the initial type of "
"book to unlatch. Monographs are foundational and important, but also "
msgstr ""
#. type: Plain text
-#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.md:4148
+#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.md:4189
msgid ""
"The cost for the publisher to get to a first digital copy of a monograph is "
"\\$5,000 to \\$50,000. A good one costs in the \\$10,000 to \\$15,000 "
msgstr ""
#. type: Plain text
-#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.md:4157
+#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.md:4198
msgid ""
"Authors don’t generally make a lot of royalties from monographs. Royalties "
"range from zero dollars to 5 to 10 percent of receipts. The value to the "
msgstr ""
#. type: Plain text
-#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.md:4166
+#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.md:4207
msgid ""
"Library budgets are constantly being squeezed, partly due to the inflation "
"of journal subscriptions. But even without budget constraints, academic "
msgstr ""
#. type: Plain text
-#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.md:4173
+#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.md:4214
msgid ""
"Knowledge Unlatched offers libraries a compelling economic argument. Many "
"of the participating libraries would have bought a copy of the monograph "
msgstr ""
#. type: Plain text
-#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.md:4183
+#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.md:4224
msgid ""
"Not only do the economics make sense, but there is very strong alignment "
"with library mandates. The participating libraries pay less than they would "
msgstr ""
#. type: Plain text
-#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.md:4186
+#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.md:4227
msgid ""
"For publishers, authors, and librarians, the Knowledge Unlatched model for "
"monographs is a win-win-win."
msgstr ""
#. type: Plain text
-#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.md:4195
+#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.md:4236
msgid ""
"In the first round, Knowledge Unlatched’s overheads were covered by "
"grants. In the second round, they aim to demonstrate the model is "
msgstr ""
#. type: Plain text
-#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.md:4204
+#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.md:4245
msgid ""
"Frances believes that Knowledge Unlatched is tapping into new ways of "
"valuing academic content. It’s about considering how many people can find, "
msgstr ""
#. type: Bullet: '1. '
-#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.md:4212
+#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.md:4253
msgid "www.pinter.org.uk/pdfs/Toward\\_an\\_Open.pdf"
msgstr ""
#. type: Bullet: '2. '
-#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.md:4212
+#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.md:4253
msgid "www.oapen.org"
msgstr ""
#. type: Bullet: '3. '
-#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.md:4212
+#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.md:4253
msgid "www.hathitrust.org"
msgstr ""
#. type: Bullet: '4. '
-#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.md:4212
+#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.md:4253
msgid "collections.knowledgeunlatched.org/collection-availability-1/"
msgstr ""
#. type: Bullet: '5. '
-#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.md:4212
+#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.md:4253
msgid "www.knowledgeunlatched.org/featured-authors-section/"
msgstr ""
#. type: Plain text
-#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.md:4214
+#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.md:4255
msgid "## Lumen Learning"
msgstr ""
#. type: Plain text
-#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.md:4217
+#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.md:4258
msgid ""
"Lumen Learning is a for-profit company helping educational institutions use "
"open educational resources (OER). Founded in 2013 in the U.S."
msgstr ""
#. type: Plain text
-#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.md:4219
+#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.md:4260
msgid "lumenlearning.com"
msgstr ""
#. type: Plain text
-#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.md:4221
+#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.md:4262
msgid "Revenue model: charging for custom services, grant funding"
msgstr ""
#. type: Plain text
-#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.md:4223
+#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.md:4264
msgid "Interview date: December 21, 2015"
msgstr ""
#. type: Plain text
-#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.md:4225
+#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.md:4266
msgid "Interviewees: David Wiley and Kim Thanos, cofounders"
msgstr ""
#. type: Plain text
-#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.md:4247
+#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.md:4288
msgid ""
"Cofounded by open education visionary Dr. David Wiley and "
"education-technology strategist Kim Thanos, Lumen Learning is dedicated to "
msgstr ""
#. type: Plain text
-#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.md:4256
+#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.md:4297
msgid ""
"David and Kim went back and forth on whether it should be a nonprofit or "
"for- profit. A nonprofit would make it a more comfortable fit with the "
msgstr ""
#. type: Plain text
-#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.md:4264
+#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.md:4305
msgid ""
"But as a for-profit, they’d have to convince educational institutions to pay "
"for what Lumen had to offer. On the positive side, they’d have more control "
msgstr ""
#. type: Plain text
-#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.md:4270
+#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.md:4311
msgid ""
"Right from the start, David and Kim positioned Lumen Learning as a way to "
"help institutions engage in open educational resources, or OER. OER are "
msgstr ""
#. type: Plain text
-#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.md:4282
+#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.md:4323
msgid ""
"Originally, Lumen did custom contracts for each institution. This was "
"complicated and challenging to manage. However, through that process "
msgstr ""
#. type: Bullet: '- '
-#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.md:4291
+#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.md:4332
msgid "replace expensive textbooks in high-enrollment courses with OER;"
msgstr ""
#. type: Bullet: '- '
-#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.md:4291
+#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.md:4332
msgid ""
"provide enrolled students day one access to Lumen’s fully customizable OER "
"course materials through the institution’s learning-management system;"
msgstr ""
#. type: Bullet: '- '
-#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.md:4291
+#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.md:4332
msgid ""
"measure improvements in student success with metrics like passing rates, "
"persistence, and course completion; and"
msgstr ""
#. type: Bullet: '- '
-#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.md:4291
+#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.md:4332
msgid ""
"collaborate with faculty to make ongoing improvements to OER based on "
"student success research."
msgstr ""
#. type: Plain text
-#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.md:4297
+#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.md:4338
msgid ""
"Lumen has developed a suite of open, Creative Commons–licensed courseware in "
"more than sixty-five subjects. All courses are freely and publicly available "
msgstr ""
#. type: Plain text
-#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.md:4303
+#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.md:4344
msgid ""
"Then there are three types of bundled services that cost money. One option, "
"which Lumen calls Candela courseware, offers integration with the "
msgstr ""
#. type: Plain text
-#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.md:4309
+#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.md:4350
msgid ""
"A second option is Waymaker, which offers the services of Candela but adds "
"personalized learning technologies, such as study plans, automated messages, "
msgstr ""
#. type: Plain text
-#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.md:4316
+#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.md:4357
msgid ""
"The third and emerging line of business for Lumen is providing guidance and "
"support for institutions and state systems that are pursuing the development "
msgstr ""
#. type: Plain text
-#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.md:4331
+#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.md:4372
msgid ""
"Lumen generates revenue by charging for their value-added tools and services "
"on top of their free courses, just as solar-power companies provide the "
msgstr ""
#. type: Plain text
-#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.md:4340
+#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.md:4381
msgid ""
"In most cases, development of their courses is funded by the institution "
"Lumen has a contract with. When creating new courses, Lumen typically works "
msgstr ""
#. type: Plain text
-#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.md:4350
+#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.md:4391
msgid ""
"Sometimes faculty like the existing OER but not the way it is presented. "
"The open licensing of existing OER allows Lumen to pick and choose from "
msgstr ""
#. type: Plain text
-#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.md:4356
+#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.md:4397
msgid ""
"Using only OER made them experience firsthand how complex it could be to mix "
"differently licensed work together. A common strategy with OER is to place "
msgstr ""
#. type: Plain text
-#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.md:4365
+#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.md:4406
msgid ""
"Remixing OER often results in multiple attributions on every page of every "
"course—text from one place, images from another, and videos from yet "
msgstr ""
#. type: Plain text
-#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.md:4373
+#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.md:4414
msgid ""
"Lumen’s commitment to open licensing and helping low-income students has led "
"to strong relationships with institutions, open-education enthusiasts, and "
msgstr ""
#. type: Plain text
-#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.md:4384
+#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.md:4425
msgid ""
"To manage demand and ensure the success of projects, their strategy is to be "
"proactive and focus on what’s going on in higher education in different "
msgstr ""
#. type: Plain text
-#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.md:4392
+#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.md:4433
msgid ""
"As a business, Lumen is committed to openness. There are two core "
"nonnegotiables: Lumen’s use of CC BY, the most permissive of the Creative "
msgstr ""
#. type: Plain text
-#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.md:4401
+#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.md:4442
msgid ""
"Openness also means that Lumen’s OER must necessarily be nonexclusive and "
"nonrivalrous. This represents several big challenges for the business model: "
msgstr ""
#. type: Plain text
-#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.md:4408
+#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.md:4449
msgid ""
"In the OER sector, there are examples of corporations, and even "
"institutions, acting as free riders. Some simply take and use open resources "
msgstr ""
#. type: Plain text
-#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.md:4417
+#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.md:4458
msgid ""
"Lumen does track institutions accessing and using their free content. They "
"proactively contact those institutions, with an estimate of how much their "
msgstr ""
#. type: Plain text
-#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.md:4424
+#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.md:4465
msgid ""
"Lumen works hard to be a good corporate citizen in the OER community. For "
"David and Kim, a good corporate citizen gives more than they take, adds "
msgstr ""
#. type: Plain text
-#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.md:4429
+#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.md:4470
msgid ""
"Licensing all the content they produce with CC BY is a key part of giving "
"more value than they take. They’ve also worked hard at finding the right "
msgstr ""
#. type: Plain text
-#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.md:4439
+#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.md:4480
msgid ""
"As of the fall 2016 term, Lumen had eighty-six different open courses, "
"working relationships with ninety-two institutions, and more than "
msgstr ""
#. type: Plain text
-#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.md:4447
+#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.md:4488
msgid ""
"In creating Lumen Learning, David and Kim say they’ve landed on solutions "
"they never imagined, and there is still a lot of learning taking place. For "
msgstr ""
#. type: Bullet: '1. '
-#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.md:4451
+#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.md:4492
msgid "lumenlearning.com/innovative-projects/"
msgstr ""
#. type: Plain text
-#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.md:4453
+#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.md:4494
msgid "## Jonathan Mann"
msgstr ""
#. type: Plain text
-#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.md:4456
+#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.md:4497
msgid ""
"Jonathan Mann is a singer and songwriter who is most well known as the “Song "
"A Day” guy. Based in the U.S."
msgstr ""
#. type: Plain text
-#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.md:4458
+#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.md:4499
msgid "jonathanmann.net and"
msgstr ""
#. type: Plain text
-#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.md:4460
+#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.md:4501
msgid "jonathanmann.bandcamp.com"
msgstr ""
#. type: Plain text
-#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.md:4464
+#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.md:4505
msgid ""
"Revenue model: charging for custom services, pay-what-you-want, crowdfunding "
"(subscription-based), charging for in-person version (speaking engagements "
msgstr ""
#. type: Plain text
-#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.md:4466
+#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.md:4507
msgid "Interview date: February 22, 2016"
msgstr ""
#. type: Plain text
-#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.md:4478
+#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.md:4519
msgid ""
"Jonathan Mann thinks of his business model as “hustling”—seizing nearly "
"every opportunity he sees to make money. The bulk of his income comes from "
msgstr ""
#. type: Plain text
-#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.md:4487
+#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.md:4528
msgid ""
"His entrepreneurial spirit is coupled with a willingness to take action "
"quickly. A perfect illustration of his ability to act fast happened in 2010, "
msgstr ""
#. type: Plain text
-#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.md:4492
+#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.md:4533
msgid ""
"Jonathan’s successful “hustling” is also about old-fashioned persistence. He "
"is currently in his eighth straight year of writing one song each day. He "
msgstr ""
#. type: Plain text
-#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.md:4500
+#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.md:4541
msgid ""
"He fell into this role by, naturally, seizing a random opportunity a friend "
"alerted him to seven years ago—an event called Fun-A-Day, where people are "
msgstr ""
#. type: Plain text
-#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.md:4514
+#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.md:4555
msgid ""
"He had a really good time doing the thirty-one-day challenge, so he decided "
"to see if he could continue it for one year. He never stopped. He has "
msgstr ""
#. type: Plain text
-#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.md:4521
+#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.md:4562
msgid ""
"Over time, the song-a-day gig became the basis of his livelihood. In the "
"beginning, he made money one of two ways. The first was by entering a wide "
msgstr ""
#. type: Plain text
-#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.md:4528
+#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.md:4569
msgid ""
"His website explains his gig as “taking any message, from the super simple "
"to the totally complicated, and conveying that message through a heartfelt, "
msgstr ""
#. type: Plain text
-#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.md:4535
+#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.md:4576
msgid ""
"Jonathan can’t recall when exactly he first learned about Creative Commons, "
"but he began applying CC licenses to his songs and videos as soon as he "
msgstr ""
#. type: Plain text
-#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.md:4543
+#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.md:4584
msgid ""
"His songs are essentially marketing for his services, so obviously the "
"further his songs spread, the better. Using CC licenses helps grease the "
msgstr ""
#. type: Plain text
-#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.md:4549
+#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.md:4590
msgid ""
"There are some people who cover his songs fairly regularly, and he would "
"never shut that down. But he acknowledges there is a lot more he could do to "
msgstr ""
#. type: Plain text
-#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.md:4557
+#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.md:4598
msgid ""
"He does have a fan community he cultivates on Bandcamp, but it isn’t his "
"major focus. “I do have a core audience that has stuck around for a really "
msgstr ""
#. type: Plain text
-#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.md:4567
+#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.md:4608
msgid ""
"Jonathan recognizes what comes naturally to him and leverages those "
"skills. Through the practice of daily songwriting, he realized he has a gift "
msgstr ""
#. type: Plain text
-#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.md:4581
+#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.md:4622
msgid ""
"When he is hired by a client to write a song, he first asks them to send a "
"list of talking points and other information they want to include in the "
msgstr ""
#. type: Plain text
-#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.md:4587
+#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.md:4628
msgid ""
"Jonathan admits that in an ideal world, he would exclusively write the music "
"he wanted to write, rather than what clients hire him to write. But his "
msgstr ""
#. type: Plain text
-#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.md:4597
+#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.md:4638
msgid ""
"Jonathan uses nearly every tool possible to make money from his art, but he "
"does have lines he won’t cross. He won’t write songs about things he "
msgstr ""
#. type: Plain text
-#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.md:4604
+#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.md:4645
msgid ""
"Jonathan’s song-a-day commitment exemplifies the power of habit and "
"grit. Conventional wisdom about creative productivity, including advice in "
msgstr ""
#. type: Plain text
-#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.md:4610
+#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.md:4651
msgid ""
"When he speaks about his work, he talks about how much the song-a-day "
"process has changed him. Rather than seeing any given piece of work as "
msgstr ""
#. type: Plain text
-#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.md:4617
+#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.md:4658
msgid ""
"Jonathan seems to have this mentality about his career more generally. He "
"is constantly experimenting with ways to make a living while sharing his "
msgstr ""
#. type: Plain text
-#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.md:4621
+#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.md:4662
msgid ""
"“Success feels like it’s over,” he said. “To a certain extent, a creative "
"person is not ever going to feel completely satisfied because then so much "
msgstr ""
#. type: Plain text
-#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.md:4623
+#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.md:4664
msgid "## Noun Project"
msgstr ""
#. type: Plain text
-#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.md:4627
+#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.md:4668
msgid ""
"The Noun Project is a for-profit company offering an online platform to "
"display visual icons from a global network of designers. Founded in 2010 in "
msgstr ""
#. type: Plain text
-#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.md:4629
+#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.md:4670
msgid "thenounproject.com"
msgstr ""
#. type: Plain text
-#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.md:4631
+#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.md:4672
msgid "Revenue model: charging a transaction fee, charging for custom services"
msgstr ""
#. type: Plain text
-#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.md:4633
+#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.md:4674
msgid "Interview date: October 6, 2015"
msgstr ""
#. type: Plain text
-#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.md:4635
+#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.md:4676
msgid "Interviewee: Edward Boatman, cofounder"
msgstr ""
#. type: Plain text
-#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.md:4641
+#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.md:4682
msgid ""
"The Noun Project creates and shares visual language. There are millions who "
"use Noun Project symbols to simplify communication across borders, "
msgstr ""
#. type: Plain text
-#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.md:4648
+#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.md:4689
msgid ""
"The original idea for the Noun Project came to cofounder Edward Boatman "
"while he was a student in architecture design school. He’d always done a lot "
msgstr ""
#. type: Plain text
-#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.md:4654
+#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.md:4695
msgid ""
"When Edward went on to work at an architecture firm, he had to make a lot of "
"presentation boards for clients. But finding high-quality sources for "
msgstr ""
#. type: Plain text
-#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.md:4661
+#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.md:4702
msgid ""
"With his partner, Sofya Polyakov, he began collecting symbols for a website "
"and writing a business plan. Inspiration came from the book Professor and "
msgstr ""
#. type: Plain text
-#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.md:4669
+#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.md:4710
msgid ""
"Then Edward got laid off during the recession, which turned out to be a huge "
"catalyst. He decided to give his idea a go, and in 2010 Edward and Sofya "
msgstr ""
#. type: Plain text
-#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.md:4675
+#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.md:4716
msgid ""
"They created a platform where symbols and icons could be uploaded, and "
"Edward began recruiting talented designers to contribute their designs, a "
msgstr ""
#. type: Plain text
-#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.md:4683
+#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.md:4724
msgid ""
"The Noun Project currently has about seven thousand designers from around "
"the world. But not all submissions are accepted. The Noun Project’s "
msgstr ""
#. type: Plain text
-#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.md:4688
+#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.md:4729
msgid ""
"Creative Commons is an integral part of the Noun Project’s business model; "
"this decision was inspired by Chris Anderson’s book Free: The Future of "
msgstr ""
#. type: Plain text
-#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.md:4700
+#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.md:4741
msgid ""
"Edward knew he wanted to offer a free visual language while still providing "
"some protection and reward for its contributors. There is a tension between "
msgstr ""
#. type: Plain text
-#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.md:4709
+#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.md:4750
msgid ""
"Noun Project’s business model and means of generating revenue have evolved "
"significantly over time. Their initial plan was to sell T-shirts with the "
msgstr ""
#. type: Plain text
-#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.md:4715
+#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.md:4756
msgid ""
"They asked their global network of designers whether they’d be open to "
"receiving modest remuneration instead of attribution. Designers saw it as a "
msgstr ""
#. type: Plain text
-#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.md:4727
+#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.md:4768
msgid ""
"The Noun Project first adopted a model whereby using an icon without giving "
"attribution would cost \\$1.99 per icon. The model’s second iteration added "
msgstr ""
#. type: Plain text
-#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.md:4738
+#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.md:4779
msgid ""
"Customers then began asking for an application-programming interface (API), "
"which would allow Noun Project icons and symbols to be directly accessed "
msgstr ""
#. type: Plain text
-#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.md:4742
+#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.md:4783
msgid ""
"The Noun Project shares revenue with its international designers. For "
"one-off purchases, the revenue is split 70 percent to the designer and 30 "
msgstr ""
#. type: Plain text
-#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.md:4751
+#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.md:4792
msgid ""
"The revenue from premium purchases (the subscription and API options) is "
"split a little differently. At the end of each month, the total revenue from "
msgstr ""
#. type: Plain text
-#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.md:4756
+#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.md:4797
msgid ""
"The Noun Project tries to be completely transparent about their royalty "
"structure.2 They tend to over communicate with creators about it because "
msgstr ""
#. type: Plain text
-#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.md:4762
+#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.md:4803
msgid ""
"For most creators, contributing to the Noun Project is not a full-time job "
"but something they do on the side. Edward categorizes monthly earnings for "
msgstr ""
#. type: Plain text
-#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.md:4774
+#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.md:4815
msgid ""
"Recently the Noun Project launched a new app called Lingo. Designers can use "
"Lingo to organize not just their Noun Project icons and symbols but also "
msgstr ""
#. type: Plain text
-#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.md:4780
+#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.md:4821
msgid ""
"The Noun Project gives a ton of value away for free. A very large percentage "
"of their roughly one million members have a free account, but there are "
msgstr ""
#. type: Plain text
-#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.md:4785
+#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.md:4826
msgid ""
"For Edward, “creating, sharing, and celebrating the world’s visual language” "
"is the most important aspect of what they do; it’s their stated mission. It "
msgstr ""
#. type: Plain text
-#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.md:4792
+#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.md:4833
msgid ""
"Noun Project creators agree. When surveyed on why they participate in the "
"Noun Project, this is how designers rank their reasons: 1) to support the "
msgstr ""
#. type: Plain text
-#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.md:4797
+#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.md:4838
msgid ""
"In Edward’s view, Creative Commons is central to their mission of sharing "
"and social good. Using Creative Commons makes the Noun Project’s mission "
msgstr ""
#. type: Plain text
-#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.md:4805
+#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.md:4846
msgid ""
"Edward told us, “Don’t underestimate the power of a passionate community "
"around your product or your business. They are going to go to bat for you "
msgstr ""
#. type: Plain text
-#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.md:4810
+#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.md:4851
msgid ""
"The Noun Project nurtures their creators’ second motivation—promoting a "
"personal brand—by connecting every icon and symbol to the creator’s name and "
msgstr ""
#. type: Plain text
-#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.md:4818
+#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.md:4859
msgid ""
"The Noun Project also builds community through Iconathons—hackathons for "
"icons.2 In partnership with a sponsoring organization, the Noun Project "
msgstr ""
#. type: Plain text
-#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.md:4826
+#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.md:4867
msgid ""
"Providing a free version of their product that satisfies a lot of their "
"customers’ needs has actually enabled the Noun Project to build the paid "
msgstr ""
#. type: Bullet: '1. '
-#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.md:4832
+#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.md:4873
msgid "www.kickstarter.com/projects/tnp/building-a-free-collection-of-our-worlds-visual-sy/description"
msgstr ""
#. type: Bullet: '2. '
-#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.md:4832
+#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.md:4873
msgid "thenounproject.com/handbook/royalties/\\#getting\\_paid"
msgstr ""
#. type: Bullet: '3. '
-#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.md:4832
+#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.md:4873
msgid "thenounproject.com/iconathon/"
msgstr ""
#. type: Plain text
-#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.md:4834
+#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.md:4875
msgid "## Open Data Institute"
msgstr ""
#. type: Plain text
-#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.md:4838
+#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.md:4879
msgid ""
"The Open Data Institute is an independent nonprofit that connects, equips, "
"and inspires people around the world to innovate with data. Founded in 2012 "
msgstr ""
#. type: Plain text
-#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.md:4840
+#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.md:4881
msgid "theodi.org"
msgstr ""
#. type: Plain text
-#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.md:4843
+#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.md:4884
msgid ""
"Revenue model: grant and government funding, charging for custom services, "
"donations"
msgstr ""
#. type: Plain text
-#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.md:4845
+#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.md:4886
msgid "Interview date: November 11, 2015"
msgstr ""
#. type: Plain text
-#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.md:4847
+#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.md:4888
msgid "Interviewee: Jeni Tennison, technical director"
msgstr ""
#. type: Plain text
-#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.md:4857
+#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.md:4898
msgid ""
"Cofounded by Sir Tim Berners-Lee and Sir Nigel Shadbolt in 2012, the "
"London-based Open Data Institute (ODI) offers data-related training, events, "
msgstr ""
#. type: Plain text
-#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.md:4867
+#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.md:4908
msgid ""
"Data underpins planning and decision making across all aspects of "
"society. Weather data helps farmers know when to plant their crops, flight "
msgstr ""
#. type: Plain text
-#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.md:4873
+#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.md:4914
msgid ""
"The Open Data Institute’s 2012–17 business plan starts out by describing its "
"vision to establish itself as a world-leading center and to research and be "
msgstr ""
#. type: Bullet: '- '
-#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.md:4880
+#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.md:4921
msgid ""
"demonstrate the commercial value of open government data and how open-data "
"policies affect this;"
msgstr ""
#. type: Bullet: '- '
-#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.md:4880
+#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.md:4921
msgid "develop the economic benefits case and business models for open data;"
msgstr ""
#. type: Bullet: '- '
-#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.md:4880
+#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.md:4921
msgid "help UK businesses use open data; and"
msgstr ""
#. type: Bullet: '- '
-#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.md:4880
+#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.md:4921
msgid "show how open data can improve public services.1"
msgstr ""
#. type: Plain text
-#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.md:4888
+#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.md:4929
msgid ""
"ODI is very explicit about how it wants to make open business models, and "
"defining what this means. Jeni Tennison, ODI’s technical director, puts it "
msgstr ""
#. type: Plain text
-#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.md:4894
+#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.md:4935
msgid ""
"As an independent nonprofit, ODI secured £10 million over five years from "
"the UK government via Innovate UK, an agency that promotes innovation in "
msgstr ""
#. type: Plain text
-#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.md:4900
+#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.md:4941
msgid ""
"Jeni started out as a developer and technical architect for data.gov.uk, the "
"UK government’s pioneering open-data initiative. She helped make data sets "
msgstr ""
#. type: Plain text
-#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.md:4907
+#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.md:4948
msgid ""
"ODI strives to have half its annual budget come from the core UK government "
"and Omidyar grants, and the other half from project-based research and "
msgstr ""
#. type: Plain text
-#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.md:4910
+#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.md:4951
msgid ""
"On the commercial side, ODI generates funding through memberships, training, "
"and advisory services."
msgstr ""
#. type: Plain text
-#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.md:4921
+#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.md:4962
msgid ""
"You can join the ODI as an individual or commercial member. Individual "
"membership is pay-what-you-can, with options ranging from £1 to £100. "
msgstr ""
#. type: Plain text
-#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.md:4933
+#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.md:4974
msgid ""
"ODI provides standardized open data training courses in which anyone can "
"enroll. The initial idea was to offer an intensive and academically oriented "
msgstr ""
#. type: Plain text
-#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.md:4941
+#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.md:4982
msgid ""
"ODI customizes training for clients as well, for which there is more "
"demand. Custom training usually emerges through an established relationship "
msgstr ""
#. type: Plain text
-#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.md:4948
+#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.md:4989
msgid ""
"Education about open data is also a part of ODI’s annual summit event, where "
"curated presentations and speakers showcase the work of ODI and its members "
msgstr ""
#. type: Plain text
-#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.md:4955
+#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.md:4996
msgid ""
"In addition to memberships and training, ODI provides advisory services to "
"help with technical-data support, technology development, change management, "
msgstr ""
#. type: Plain text
-#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.md:4958
+#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.md:4999
msgid "On the commercial side, the following value propositions seem to resonate:"
msgstr ""
#. type: Bullet: '- '
-#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.md:4973
+#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.md:5014
msgid ""
"Data-driven insights. Businesses need data from outside their business to "
"get more insight. Businesses can generate value and more effectively pursue "
msgstr ""
#. type: Bullet: '- '
-#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.md:4973
+#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.md:5014
msgid ""
"Open innovation. Many large-scale enterprises are aware they don’t innovate "
"very well. One way they can innovate is to open up their data. ODI "
msgstr ""
#. type: Bullet: '- '
-#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.md:4973
+#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.md:5014
msgid ""
"Corporate social responsibility. While this resonates with businesses, ODI "
"cautions against having it be the sole reason for making data open. If a "
msgstr ""
#. type: Plain text
-#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.md:4981
+#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.md:5022
msgid ""
"During their early years, ODI wanted to focus solely on the United "
"Kingdom. But in their first year, large delegations of government visitors "
msgstr ""
#. type: Plain text
-#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.md:4991
+#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.md:5032
msgid ""
"Nodes are franchises of the ODI at a regional or city level. Hosted by "
"existing (for-profit or not-for-profit) organizations, they operate locally "
msgstr ""
#. type: Plain text
-#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.md:4995
+#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.md:5036
msgid ""
"ODI also runs programs to help start-ups in the UK and across Europe develop "
"a sustainable business around open data, offering mentoring, advice, "
msgstr ""
#. type: Plain text
-#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.md:5003
+#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.md:5044
msgid ""
"A big part of ODI’s business model revolves around community building. "
"Memberships, training, summits, consulting services, nodes, and start-up "
msgstr ""
#. type: Plain text
-#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.md:5009
+#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.md:5050
msgid ""
"ODI has created an online tool that organizations can use to assess the "
"legal, practical, technical, and social aspects of their open data. If it is "
msgstr ""
#. type: Plain text
-#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.md:5014
+#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.md:5055
msgid ""
"Separate from commercial activities, the ODI generates funding through "
"research grants. Research includes looking at evidence on the impact of open "
msgstr ""
#. type: Plain text
-#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.md:5019
+#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.md:5060
msgid ""
"Creative Commons 4.0 licenses cover database rights and ODI recommends CC "
"BY, CC BY-SA, and CC0 for data releases. ODI encourages publishers of data "
msgstr ""
#. type: Plain text
-#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.md:5035
+#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.md:5076
msgid ""
"For ODI, open is at the heart of what they do. They also release any "
"software code they produce under open-source-software licenses, and "
msgstr ""
#. type: Plain text
-#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.md:5039
+#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.md:5080
msgid ""
"To serve as evidence of a successful open business model and return on "
"investment, ODI has a public dashboard of key performance indicators. Here "
msgstr ""
#. type: Bullet: '- '
-#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.md:5051
+#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.md:5092
msgid ""
"Total amount of cash investments unlocked in direct investments in ODI, "
"competition funding, direct contracts, and partnerships, and income that ODI "
msgstr ""
#. type: Bullet: '- '
-#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.md:5051
+#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.md:5092
msgid "Total number of active members and nodes across the globe: 1,350"
msgstr ""
#. type: Bullet: '- '
-#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.md:5051
+#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.md:5092
msgid "Total sales since ODI began: £7.44 million"
msgstr ""
#. type: Bullet: '- '
-#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.md:5051
+#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.md:5092
msgid ""
"Total number of unique people reached since ODI began, in person and online: "
"2.2 million"
msgstr ""
#. type: Bullet: '- '
-#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.md:5051
+#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.md:5092
msgid "Total Open Data Certificates created: 151,000"
msgstr ""
#. type: Bullet: '- '
-#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.md:5051
+#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.md:5092
msgid "Total number of people trained by ODI and its nodes since ODI began: 5,0805"
msgstr ""
#. type: Bullet: '1. '
-#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.md:5060
+#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.md:5101
msgid "e642e8368e3bf8d5526e-464b4b70b4554c1a79566214d402739e.r6.cf3.rackcdn.com/odi-business-plan-may-release.pdf"
msgstr ""
#. type: Bullet: '2. '
-#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.md:5060
+#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.md:5101
msgid "directory.theodi.org/members"
msgstr ""
#. type: Bullet: '3. '
-#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.md:5060
+#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.md:5101
msgid "theodi.org/odi-startup-programme; theodi.org/open-data-incubator-for-europe"
msgstr ""
#. type: Bullet: '4. '
-#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.md:5060
+#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.md:5101
msgid "certificates.theodi.org"
msgstr ""
#. type: Bullet: '5. '
-#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.md:5060
+#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.md:5101
msgid "dashboards.theodi.org/company/all"
msgstr ""
#. type: Plain text
-#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.md:5062
+#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.md:5103
msgid "## OpenDesk"
msgstr ""
#. type: Plain text
-#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.md:5066
+#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.md:5107
msgid ""
"Opendesk is a for-profit company offering an online platform that connects "
"furniture designers around the world with customers and local makers who "
msgstr ""
#. type: Plain text
-#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.md:5068
+#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.md:5109
msgid "www.opendesk.cc"
msgstr ""
#. type: Plain text
-#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.md:5070 MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.md:7021
+#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.md:5111 MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.md:7062
msgid "Revenue model: charging a transaction fee"
msgstr ""
#. type: Plain text
-#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.md:5072
+#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.md:5113
msgid "Interview date: November 4, 2015"
msgstr ""
#. type: Plain text
-#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.md:5074
+#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.md:5115
msgid "Interviewees: Nick Ierodiaconou and Joni Steiner, cofounders"
msgstr ""
#. type: Plain text
-#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.md:5081
+#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.md:5122
msgid ""
"Opendesk is an online platform that connects furniture designers around the "
"world not just with customers but also with local registered makers who "
msgstr ""
#. type: Plain text
-#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.md:5096
+#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.md:5137
msgid ""
"Cofounders Nick Ierodiaconou and Joni Steiner studied and worked as "
"architects together. They also made goods. Their first client was Mint "
msgstr ""
#. type: Plain text
-#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.md:5102
+#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.md:5143
msgid ""
"When Nick and Joni set out to create Opendesk, there were a lot of questions "
"about the viability of distributed manufacturing. No one was doing it in a "
msgstr ""
#. type: Plain text
-#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.md:5112
+#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.md:5153
msgid ""
"And now this sector is emerging, and Nick and Joni are highly interested in "
"the commercialization aspects of it. As part of coming up with a business "
msgstr ""
#. type: Plain text
-#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.md:5118
+#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.md:5159
msgid ""
"When designing the Opendesk system, they had two goals. They wanted anyone, "
"anywhere in the world, to be able to download designs so that they could be "
msgstr ""
#. type: Plain text
-#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.md:5122
+#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.md:5163
msgid ""
"They gave a lot of thought to three angles—the potential for social sharing, "
"allowing designers to choose their license, and the impact these choices "
msgstr ""
#. type: Plain text
-#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.md:5128
+#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.md:5169
msgid ""
"In support of social sharing, Opendesk actively advocates for (but doesn’t "
"demand) open licensing. And Nick and Joni are agnostic about which Creative "
msgstr ""
#. type: Plain text
-#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.md:5133
+#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.md:5174
msgid ""
"For the most part, designers love the idea of sharing content. They "
"understand that you get positive feedback when you’re attributed, what Nick "
msgstr ""
#. type: Plain text
-#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.md:5138
+#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.md:5179
msgid ""
"While designers are largely OK with personal sharing, there is a concern "
"that someone will take the design and manufacture the furniture in bulk, "
msgstr ""
#. type: Plain text
-#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.md:5147
+#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.md:5188
msgid ""
"Anyone can download a design and make it themselves, provided it’s for "
"noncommercial use — and there have been many, many downloads. Or users can "
msgstr ""
#. type: Plain text
-#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.md:5155
+#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.md:5196
msgid ""
"Makers benefit from being part of Opendesk’s network. Making furniture for "
"local customers is paid work, and Opendesk generates business for them. Joni "
msgstr ""
#. type: Plain text
-#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.md:5159
+#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.md:5200
msgid ""
"The makers are a critical part of the Opendesk business model. Their model "
"builds off the makers’ quotes. Here’s how it’s expressed on Opendesk’s "
msgstr ""
#. type: Plain text
-#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.md:5162
+#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.md:5203
msgid ""
"When customers buy an Opendesk product directly from a registered maker, "
"they pay:"
msgstr ""
#. type: Bullet: '- '
-#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.md:5184
+#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.md:5225
msgid ""
"the manufacturing cost as set by the maker (this covers material and labour "
"costs for the product to be manufactured and any extra assembly costs "
msgstr ""
#. type: Bullet: '- '
-#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.md:5184
+#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.md:5225
msgid ""
"a design fee for the designer (a design fee that is paid to the designer "
"every time their design is used)"
msgstr ""
#. type: Bullet: '- '
-#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.md:5184
+#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.md:5225
msgid ""
"a percentage fee to the Opendesk platform (this supports the infrastructure "
"and ongoing development of the platform that helps us build out our "
msgstr ""
#. type: Bullet: '- '
-#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.md:5184
+#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.md:5225
msgid ""
"a percentage fee to the channel through which the sale is made (at the "
"moment this is Opendesk, but in the future we aim to open this up to "
msgstr ""
#. type: Bullet: '- '
-#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.md:5184
+#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.md:5225
msgid ""
"a local delivery service charge (the delivery is typically charged by the "
"maker, but in some cases may be paid to a third-party delivery partner)"
msgstr ""
#. type: Bullet: '- '
-#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.md:5184
+#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.md:5225
msgid ""
"charges for any additional services the customer chooses, such as on-site "
"assembly (additional services are discretionary—in many cases makers will be "
msgstr ""
#. type: Bullet: '- '
-#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.md:5184
+#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.md:5225
msgid "local sales taxes (variable by customer and maker location)3"
msgstr ""
#. type: Plain text
-#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.md:5186
+#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.md:5227
msgid "They then go into detail how makers’ quotes are created:"
msgstr ""
#. type: Plain text
-#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.md:5195
+#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.md:5236
msgid ""
"When a customer wants to buy an Opendesk . . . they are provided with a "
"transparent breakdown of fees including the manufacturing cost, design fee, "
msgstr ""
#. type: Bullet: '- '
-#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.md:5203
+#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.md:5244
msgid ""
"manufacturing cost: fabrication, finishing and any other costs as set by the "
"maker (excluding any services like delivery or on-site assembly)"
msgstr ""
#. type: Bullet: '- '
-#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.md:5203
+#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.md:5244
msgid "design fee: 8 percent of the manufacturing cost"
msgstr ""
#. type: Bullet: '- '
-#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.md:5203
+#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.md:5244
msgid "platform fee: 12 percent of the manufacturing cost"
msgstr ""
#. type: Bullet: '- '
-#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.md:5203
+#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.md:5244
msgid "channel fee: 18 percent of the manufacturing cost"
msgstr ""
#. type: Bullet: '- '
-#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.md:5203
+#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.md:5244
msgid "sales tax: as applicable (depends on product and location)"
msgstr ""
#. type: Plain text
-#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.md:5208
+#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.md:5249
msgid ""
"Opendesk shares revenue with their community of designers. According to Nick "
"and Joni, a typical designer fee is around 2.5 percent, so Opendesk’s 8 "
msgstr ""
#. type: Plain text
-#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.md:5215
+#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.md:5256
msgid ""
"The Opendesk website features stories of designers and makers. Denis Fuzii "
"published the design for the Valovi Chair from his studio in São Paulo. His "
msgstr ""
#. type: Plain text
-#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.md:5223
+#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.md:5264
msgid ""
"To manage resources and remain effective, Opendesk has so far focused on a "
"very narrow niche—primarily office furniture of a certain simple aesthetic, "
msgstr ""
#. type: Plain text
-#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.md:5229
+#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.md:5270
msgid ""
"On their website, Opendesk describes what they do as “open making”: "
"“Designers get a global distribution channel. Makers get profitable jobs and "
msgstr ""
#. type: Plain text
-#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.md:5235
+#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.md:5276
msgid ""
"Nick and Joni say that customers like the fact that the furniture has a "
"known provenance. People really like that their furniture was designed by a "
msgstr ""
#. type: Plain text
-#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.md:5243
+#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.md:5284
msgid ""
"Nick and Joni are taking a community-based approach to define and evolve "
"Opendesk and the “open making” business model. They’re engaging thought "
msgstr ""
#. type: Plain text
-#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.md:5249
+#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.md:5290
msgid ""
"Nick and Joni talked a lot with us about intellectual property (IP) and "
"commercialization. Many of their designers fear the idea that someone could "
msgstr ""
#. type: Plain text
-#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.md:5252
+#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.md:5293
msgid ""
"Opendesk established a set of principles for what their community considers "
"commercial and noncommercial use. Their website states:"
msgstr ""
#. type: Plain text
-#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.md:5254
+#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.md:5295
msgid "It is unambiguously commercial use when anyone:"
msgstr ""
#. type: Bullet: '- '
-#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.md:5257
+#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.md:5298
msgid "charges a fee or makes a profit when making an Opendesk"
msgstr ""
#. type: Bullet: '- '
-#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.md:5257
+#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.md:5298
msgid "sells (or bases a commercial service on) an Opendesk"
msgstr ""
#. type: Plain text
-#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.md:5261
+#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.md:5302
msgid ""
"It follows from this that noncommercial use is when you make an Opendesk "
"yourself, with no intention to gain commercial advantage or monetary "
msgstr ""
#. type: Bullet: '- '
-#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.md:5270
+#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.md:5311
msgid ""
"you are an individual with your own CNC machine, or access to a shared CNC "
"machine, and will personally cut and make a few pieces of furniture yourself"
msgstr ""
#. type: Bullet: '- '
-#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.md:5270
+#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.md:5311
msgid ""
"you are a student (or teacher) and you use the design files for educational "
"purposes or training (and do not intend to sell the resulting pieces)"
msgstr ""
#. type: Bullet: '- '
-#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.md:5270
+#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.md:5311
msgid ""
"you work for a charity and get furniture cut by volunteers, or by employees "
"at a fab lab or maker space"
msgstr ""
#. type: Plain text
-#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.md:5279
+#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.md:5320
msgid ""
"Whether or not people technically are doing things that implicate IP, Nick "
"and Joni have found that people tend to comply with the wishes of creators "
msgstr ""
#. type: Plain text
-#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.md:5285
+#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.md:5326
msgid ""
"The mission of Opendesk is about relocalizing manufacturing, which changes "
"the way we think about how goods are made. Commercialization is integral to "
msgstr ""
#. type: Plain text
-#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.md:5290
+#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.md:5331
msgid ""
"As a global platform for local making, Opendesk’s business model has been "
"built on honesty, transparency, and inclusivity. As Nick and Joni describe "
msgstr ""
#. type: Bullet: '1. '
-#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.md:5297
+#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.md:5338
msgid "www.opendesk.cc/designers"
msgstr ""
#. type: Bullet: '2. '
-#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.md:5297
+#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.md:5338
msgid "www.opendesk.cc/open-making/makers/"
msgstr ""
#. type: Bullet: '3. '
-#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.md:5297
+#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.md:5338
msgid "www.opendesk.cc/open-making/join"
msgstr ""
#. type: Bullet: '4. '
-#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.md:5297
+#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.md:5338
msgid "openmaking.is"
msgstr ""
#. type: Plain text
-#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.md:5299
+#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.md:5340
msgid "## OpenStax"
msgstr ""
#. type: Plain text
-#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.md:5303
+#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.md:5344
msgid ""
"OpenStax is a nonprofit that provides free, openly licensed textbooks for "
"high-enrollment introductory college courses and Advanced Placement "
msgstr ""
#. type: Plain text
-#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.md:5305
+#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.md:5346
msgid "www.openstaxcollege.org"
msgstr ""
#. type: Plain text
-#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.md:5308
+#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.md:5349
msgid ""
"Revenue model: grant funding, charging for custom services, charging for "
"physical copies (textbook sales)"
msgstr ""
#. type: Plain text
-#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.md:5310
+#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.md:5351
msgid "Interview date: December 16, 2015"
msgstr ""
#. type: Plain text
-#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.md:5312
+#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.md:5353
msgid "Interviewee: David Harris, editor-in-chief"
msgstr ""
#. type: Plain text
-#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.md:5325
+#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.md:5366
msgid ""
"OpenStax is an extension of a program called Connexions, which was started "
"in 1999 by Dr. Richard Baraniuk, the Victor E. Cameron Professor of "
msgstr ""
#. type: Plain text
-#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.md:5334
+#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.md:5375
msgid ""
"In 2008, while in a senior leadership role at WebAssign and looking at ways "
"to reduce the risk that came with relying on publishers, David Harris began "
msgstr ""
#. type: Plain text
-#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.md:5344
+#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.md:5385
msgid ""
"David brought with him a deep understanding of the best practices of "
"publishing along with where publishers have inefficiencies. In David’s view, "
msgstr ""
#. type: Plain text
-#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.md:5353
+#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.md:5394
msgid ""
"In 2012, OpenStax College launched as a nonprofit with the aim of producing "
"high-quality, peer-reviewed full-color textbooks that would be available for "
msgstr ""
#. type: Plain text
-#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.md:5361
+#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.md:5402
msgid ""
"OpenStax textbooks are all Attribution (CC BY) licensed, and each textbook "
"is available as a PDF, an e-book, or web pages. Those who want a physical "
msgstr ""
#. type: Plain text
-#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.md:5368
+#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.md:5409
msgid ""
"Teachers are invited to try out a single chapter from one of the textbooks "
"with students. If that goes well, they’re encouraged to adopt the entire "
msgstr ""
#. type: Plain text
-#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.md:5373
+#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.md:5414
msgid ""
"Any teacher can post corrections, suggest examples for difficult concepts, "
"or volunteer as an editor or author. As many teachers also want supplemental "
msgstr ""
#. type: Plain text
-#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.md:5378
+#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.md:5419
msgid ""
"Institutions can stand out by offering students a lower-cost education "
"through the use of OpenStax textbooks; there’s even a textbook-savings "
msgstr ""
#. type: Plain text
-#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.md:5383
+#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.md:5424
msgid ""
"Unlike traditional publishers’ monolithic approach of controlling "
"intellectual property, distribution, and so many other aspects, OpenStax has "
msgstr ""
#. type: Plain text
-#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.md:5392
+#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.md:5433
msgid ""
"Up-front funding of a professionally produced all-color turnkey textbook is "
"expensive. For this part of their model, OpenStax relies on "
msgstr ""
#. type: Plain text
-#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.md:5401
+#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.md:5442
msgid ""
"However, ongoing operations will not rely on foundation grants but instead "
"on funds received through an ecosystem of over forty partners, whereby a "
msgstr ""
#. type: Plain text
-#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.md:5409
+#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.md:5450
msgid ""
"Another example is Odigia, who has turned OpenStax books into interactive "
"learning experiences and created additional tools to measure and promote "
msgstr ""
#. type: Plain text
-#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.md:5419
+#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.md:5460
msgid ""
"In David’s view, this approach lets the market operate at peak "
"efficiency. OpenStax’s partners don’t have to worry about developing "
msgstr ""
#. type: Plain text
-#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.md:5425
+#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.md:5466
msgid ""
"OpenStax’s cost of sales to acquire a single student is very, very low and "
"is a fraction of what traditional players in the market face. This year, "
msgstr ""
#. type: Plain text
-#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.md:5434
+#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.md:5475
msgid ""
"While OpenStax books are available online for free, many students still want "
"a print copy. Through a partnership with a print and courier company, "
msgstr ""
#. type: Plain text
-#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.md:5445
+#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.md:5486
msgid ""
"Campus-based bookstores are part of the OpenStax solution. OpenStax "
"collaborates with NACSCORP (the National Association of College Stores "
msgstr ""
#. type: Plain text
-#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.md:5452
+#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.md:5493
msgid ""
"David thinks of the OpenStax model as “OER 2.0.” So what is OER 1.0? "
"Historically in the OER field, many OER initiatives have been locally funded "
msgstr ""
#. type: Plain text
-#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.md:5463
+#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.md:5504
msgid ""
"OER 2.0 is about OER intended to be used and adopted on a national level "
"right from the start. This requires a bigger investment up front but pays "
msgstr ""
#. type: Plain text
-#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.md:5478
+#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.md:5519
msgid ""
"The process is similar for both models. First they look at the scope and "
"sequence of existing textbooks. They ask questions like what does the "
msgstr ""
#. type: Plain text
-#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.md:5487
+#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.md:5528
msgid ""
"All the people involved in this process are paid. OpenStax does not rely on "
"volunteers. Writers, reviewers, illustrators, and editors are all paid an "
msgstr ""
#. type: Plain text
-#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.md:5495
+#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.md:5536
msgid ""
"David thinks of the Attribution license (CC BY) as the “innovation license.” "
"It’s core to the mission of OpenStax, letting people use their textbooks in "
msgstr ""
#. type: Plain text
-#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.md:5504
+#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.md:5545
msgid ""
"Using CC BY is also a good example of using strategies that traditional "
"publishers can’t. Traditional publishers rely on copyright to prevent others "
msgstr ""
#. type: Plain text
-#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.md:5507
+#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.md:5548
msgid ""
"As of September 16, 2016, OpenStax has achieved some impressive results. "
"From the OpenStax at a Glance fact sheet from their recent press kit:"
msgstr ""
#. type: Bullet: '- '
-#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.md:5516
+#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.md:5557
msgid "Books published: 23"
msgstr ""
#. type: Bullet: '- '
-#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.md:5516
+#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.md:5557
msgid "Students who have used OpenStax: 1.6 million"
msgstr ""
#. type: Bullet: '- '
-#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.md:5516
+#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.md:5557
msgid "Money saved for students: \\$155 million"
msgstr ""
#. type: Bullet: '- '
-#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.md:5516
+#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.md:5557
msgid "Money saved for students in the 2016/17 academic year: \\$77 million"
msgstr ""
#. type: Bullet: '- '
-#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.md:5516
+#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.md:5557
msgid ""
"Schools that have used OpenStax: 2,668 (This number reflects all "
"institutions using at least one OpenStax textbook. Out of 2,668 schools, 517 "
msgstr ""
#. type: Plain text
-#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.md:5521
+#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.md:5562
msgid ""
"While OpenStax has to date been focused on the United States, there is "
"overseas adoption especially in the science, technology, engineering, and "
msgstr ""
#. type: Plain text
-#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.md:5527
+#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.md:5568
msgid ""
"OpenStax has primarily focused on introductory-level college courses where "
"there is high enrollment, but they are starting to think about verticals—a "
msgstr ""
#. type: Plain text
-#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.md:5537
+#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.md:5578
msgid ""
"Finally, for OpenStax success is not just about the adoption of their "
"textbooks and student savings. There is a human aspect to the work that is "
msgstr ""
#. type: Bullet: '1. '
-#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.md:5542
+#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.md:5583
msgid "news.rice.edu/files/2016/01/0119-OPENSTAX-2016Infographic-lg-1tahxiu.jpg"
msgstr ""
#. type: Bullet: '2. '
-#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.md:5542
+#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.md:5583
msgid "openstax.org/adopters"
msgstr ""
#. type: Plain text
-#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.md:5544
+#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.md:5585
msgid "## Amanda Palmer"
msgstr ""
#. type: Plain text
-#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.md:5546
+#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.md:5587
msgid "Amanda Palmer is a musician, artist, and writer. Based in the U.S."
msgstr ""
#. type: Plain text
-#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.md:5548
+#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.md:5589
msgid "amandapalmer.net"
msgstr ""
#. type: Plain text
-#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.md:5552
+#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.md:5593
msgid ""
"Revenue model: crowdfunding (subscription-based), pay-what-you-want, "
"charging for physical copies (book and album sales), charg-ing for in-person "
msgstr ""
#. type: Plain text
-#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.md:5554
+#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.md:5595
msgid "Interview date: December 15, 2015"
msgstr ""
#. type: Plain text
-#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.md:5560
+#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.md:5601
msgid ""
"Since the beginning of her career, Amanda Palmer has been on what she calls "
"a “journey with no roadmap,” continually experimenting to find new ways to "
msgstr ""
#. type: Plain text
-#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.md:5566
+#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.md:5607
msgid ""
"In her best-selling book, The Art of Asking, Amanda articulates exactly what "
"she has been and continues to strive for—“the ideal sweet spot . . . in "
msgstr ""
#. type: Plain text
-#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.md:5573
+#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.md:5614
msgid ""
"While she seems to have successfully found that sweet spot for herself, "
"Amanda is the first to acknowledge there is no silver bullet. She thinks the "
msgstr ""
#. type: Plain text
-#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.md:5585
+#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.md:5626
msgid ""
"Amanda began her artistic career as a street performer. She would dress up "
"in an antique wedding gown, paint her face white, stand on a stack of milk "
msgstr ""
#. type: Plain text
-#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.md:5594
+#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.md:5635
msgid ""
"Amanda has come a long way from her street-performing days, but her career "
"remains dominated by that same sentiment—finding ways to reach “her crowd” "
msgstr ""
#. type: Plain text
-#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.md:5604
+#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.md:5645
msgid ""
"After leaving the record label in 2008, she began experimenting with "
"different ways to make a living. She released music directly to the public "
msgstr ""
#. type: Plain text
-#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.md:5614
+#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.md:5655
msgid ""
"Today, Amanda has switched gears away from crowdfunding for specific "
"projects to instead getting consistent financial support from her fan base "
msgstr ""
#. type: Plain text
-#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.md:5629
+#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.md:5670
msgid ""
"Making her music and art available under Creative Commons licensing "
"undoubtedly limits her options for how she makes a living. But sharing her "
msgstr ""
#. type: Plain text
-#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.md:5636
+#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.md:5677
msgid ""
"Amanda embraces the way her fans share and build upon her music. In The Art "
"of Asking, she wrote that some of her fans’ unofficial videos using her "
msgstr ""
#. type: Plain text
-#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.md:5644
+#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.md:5685
msgid ""
"This is symbolic of how nearly everything she does in her career is "
"motivated by a desire to connect with her fans. At the start of her career, "
msgstr ""
#. type: Plain text
-#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.md:5654
+#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.md:5695
msgid ""
"Even though her fan base is now huge and global, she continues to seek this "
"sort of human connection with her fans. She seeks out face-to-face contact "
msgstr ""
#. type: Plain text
-#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.md:5663
+#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.md:5704
msgid ""
"Another part of the connection fans feel with Amanda is how much they know "
"about her life. Rather than trying to craft a public persona or image, she "
msgstr ""
#. type: Plain text
-#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.md:5670
+#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.md:5711
msgid ""
"“With social media, we’re so concerned with the picture looking palatable "
"and consumable that we forget that being human and showing the flaws and "
msgstr ""
#. type: Plain text
-#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.md:5678
+#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.md:5719
msgid ""
"Not only does she disclose intimate details of her life to them, she sleeps "
"on their couches, listens to their stories, cries with them. In short, she "
msgstr ""
#. type: Plain text
-#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.md:5686
+#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.md:5727
msgid ""
"After years of investing time and energy into building trust with her fans, "
"she has a strong enough relationship with them to ask for support—through "
msgstr ""
#. type: Plain text
-#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.md:5693
+#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.md:5734
msgid ""
"“When you openly, radically trust people, they not only take care of you, "
"they become your allies, your family,” she wrote. There really is a feeling "
msgstr ""
#. type: Plain text
-#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.md:5701
+#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.md:5742
msgid ""
"This sort of intimacy with fans is not possible or even desirable for every "
"creator. “I don’t take for granted that I happen to be the type of person "
msgstr ""
#. type: Plain text
-#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.md:5712
+#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.md:5753
msgid ""
"Yet while Amanda joyfully interacts with her fans and involves them in her "
"work as much as possible, she does keep one job primarily to herself—writing "
msgstr ""
#. type: Plain text
-#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.md:5720
+#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.md:5761
msgid ""
"For Amanda, the entire point of being an artist is to establish and maintain "
"this connection. “It sounds so corny,” she said, “but my experience in forty "
msgstr ""
#. type: Plain text
-#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.md:5728
+#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.md:5769
msgid ""
"As she explains it, when a fan gives her a ten-dollar bill, usually what "
"they are saying is that the money symbolizes some deeper value the music "
msgstr ""
#. type: Bullet: '1. '
-#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.md:5732
+#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.md:5773
msgid "http://www.forbes.com/sites/zackomalleygreenburg/2015/04/16/amanda-palmer-uncut-the-kickstarter-queen-on-spotify-patreon-and-taylor-swift/\\#44e20ce46d67"
msgstr ""
#. type: Plain text
-#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.md:5734
+#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.md:5775
msgid "## PLOS (Public Library of Science)"
msgstr ""
#. type: Plain text
-#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.md:5738
+#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.md:5779
msgid ""
"PLOS (Public Library of Science) is a nonprofit that publishes a library of "
"academic journals and other scientific literature. Founded in 2000 in the "
msgstr ""
#. type: Plain text
-#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.md:5740
+#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.md:5781
msgid "plos.org"
msgstr ""
#. type: Plain text
-#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.md:5743
+#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.md:5784
msgid ""
"Revenue model: charging content creators an author processing charge to be "
"featured in the journal"
msgstr ""
#. type: Plain text
-#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.md:5745
+#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.md:5786
msgid "Interview date: March 7, 2016"
msgstr ""
#. type: Plain text
-#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.md:5747
+#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.md:5788
msgid "Interviewee: Louise Page, publisher"
msgstr ""
#. type: Plain text
-#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.md:5761
+#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.md:5802
msgid ""
"The Public Library of Science (PLOS) began in 2000 when three leading "
"scientists—Harold E. Varmus, Patrick O. Brown, and Michael Eisen—started an "
msgstr ""
#. type: Plain text
-#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.md:5771
+#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.md:5812
msgid ""
"Traditionally, academic publishing begins with an author submitting a "
"manuscript to a publisher. After in-house technical and ethical "
msgstr ""
#. type: Plain text
-#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.md:5781
+#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.md:5822
msgid ""
"For Louise Page, the current publisher of PLOS, this traditional model "
"results in inequity. Access is restricted to those who can pay. Most "
msgstr ""
#. type: Plain text
-#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.md:5791
+#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.md:5832
msgid ""
"That new model became known as open access. That is, free and open "
"availability on the Internet. Open-access research articles are not behind a "
msgstr ""
#. type: Plain text
-#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.md:5802
+#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.md:5843
msgid ""
"However, open access requires rethinking the business model of research "
"publication. Rather than charge a subscription fee to access the journal, "
msgstr ""
#. type: Plain text
-#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.md:5810
+#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.md:5851
msgid ""
"Calculating the article-processing charge involves taking all the costs "
"associated with publishing the journal and determining a cost per article "
msgstr ""
#. type: Plain text
-#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.md:5815
+#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.md:5856
msgid ""
"PLOS believes that lack of funds should not be a barrier to publication. "
"Since its inception, PLOS has provided fee support for individuals and "
msgstr ""
#. type: Plain text
-#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.md:5830
+#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.md:5871
msgid ""
"Louise identifies marketing as one area of big difference between PLOS and "
"traditional journal publishers. Traditional journals have to invest heavily "
msgstr ""
#. type: Plain text
-#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.md:5837
+#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.md:5878
msgid ""
"For Louise, PLOS would not exist without the Attribution license (CC "
"BY). This makes it very clear what rights are associated with the content "
msgstr ""
#. type: Plain text
-#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.md:5841
+#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.md:5882
msgid ""
"PLOS also has a broad open-data policy. To get their research paper "
"published, PLOS authors must also make their data available in a public "
msgstr ""
#. type: Plain text
-#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.md:5849
+#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.md:5890
msgid ""
"Business-operation costs associated with the open-access model still largely "
"follow the existing publishing model. PLOS journals are online only, but the "
msgstr ""
#. type: Plain text
-#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.md:5854
+#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.md:5895
msgid ""
"Researchers are influenced by journal rankings, which reflect the place of a "
"journal within its field, the relative difficulty of being published in that "
msgstr ""
#. type: Plain text
-#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.md:5862
+#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.md:5903
msgid ""
"The promotion and tenure of researchers are partially based how many times "
"other researchers cite their articles. Louise says when researchers want to "
msgstr ""
#. type: Plain text
-#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.md:5869
+#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.md:5910
msgid ""
"Louise believes that open access has been a huge success, progressing from a "
"movement led by a small cadre of researchers to something that is now "
msgstr ""
#. type: Plain text
-#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.md:5890
+#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.md:5931
msgid ""
"PLOS further disrupted the traditional journal-publishing model by "
"pioneering the concept of a megajournal. The PLOS ONE megajournal, launched "
msgstr ""
#. type: Plain text
-#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.md:5894
+#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.md:5935
msgid ""
"Louise outlined some other aspects of the research-journal business model "
"PLOS is experimenting with, describing each as a kind of slider that could "
msgstr ""
#. type: Plain text
-#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.md:5899
+#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.md:5940
msgid ""
"One slider is time to publication. Time to publication may shorten as "
"journals get better at providing quicker decisions to authors. However, "
msgstr ""
#. type: Plain text
-#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.md:5909
+#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.md:5950
msgid ""
"Peer review is another part of the process that could change. It’s possible "
"to redefine what peer review actually is, when to review, and what "
msgstr ""
#. type: Plain text
-#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.md:5914
+#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.md:5955
msgid ""
"Louise says research with negative outcomes is almost as important as "
"positive results. If journals published more research with negative "
msgstr ""
#. type: Plain text
-#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.md:5929
+#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.md:5970
msgid ""
"Another adjustable practice is the sharing of articles at early preprint "
"stages. Publication of research in a peer-reviewed journal can take a long "
msgstr ""
#. type: Plain text
-#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.md:5937
+#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.md:5978
msgid ""
"What constitutes a journal article could also change. The idea of a research "
"article as printed, bound, and in a library stack is outdated. Digital and "
msgstr ""
#. type: Plain text
-#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.md:5949
+#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.md:5990
msgid ""
"As journals scale up, and new journals are introduced, more and more "
"information is being pushed out to readers, making the experience feel like "
msgstr ""
#. type: Plain text
-#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.md:5958
+#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.md:5999
msgid ""
"The big picture for PLOS going forward is to combine and adjust these "
"experimental practices in ways that continue to improve accessibility and "
msgstr ""
#. type: Plain text
-#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.md:5966
+#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.md:6007
msgid ""
"For PLOS, success is not about revenue. Success is about proving that "
"scientific research can be communicated rapidly and economically at scale, "
msgstr ""
#. type: Plain text
-#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.md:5970
+#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.md:6011
msgid ""
"Ultimately, for PLOS, its authors, and its readers, success is about making "
"research discoverable, available, and reproducible for the advancement of "
msgstr ""
#. type: Bullet: '1. '
-#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.md:5975
+#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.md:6016
msgid "collections.plos.org"
msgstr ""
#. type: Bullet: '2. '
-#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.md:5975
+#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.md:6016
msgid "plos.org/article-level-metrics"
msgstr ""
#. type: Plain text
-#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.md:5977
+#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.md:6018
msgid "## Rijksmuseum"
msgstr ""
#. type: Plain text
-#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.md:5980
+#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.md:6021
msgid ""
"The Rijksmuseum is a Dutch national museum dedicated to art and history. "
"Founded in 1800 in the Netherlands"
msgstr ""
#. type: Plain text
-#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.md:5982
+#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.md:6023
msgid "www.rijksmuseum.nl"
msgstr ""
#. type: Plain text
-#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.md:5985
+#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.md:6026
msgid "Revenue model: grants and government funding, charging for in-person version"
msgstr ""
#. type: Plain text
-#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.md:5987
+#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.md:6028
msgid "(museum admission), selling merchandise"
msgstr ""
#. type: Plain text
-#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.md:5989
+#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.md:6030
msgid "Interview date: December 11, 2015"
msgstr ""
#. type: Plain text
-#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.md:5992
+#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.md:6033
msgid ""
"Interviewee: Lizzy Jongma, the data manager of the collections information "
"department"
msgstr ""
#. type: Plain text
-#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.md:6008
+#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.md:6049
msgid ""
"The Rijksmuseum, a national museum in the Netherlands dedicated to art and "
"history, has been housed in its current building since 1885. The monumental "
msgstr ""
#. type: Plain text
-#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.md:6020
+#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.md:6061
msgid ""
"By the time Lizzy Jongma joined the Rijksmuseum in 2011 as a data manager, "
"staff were fed up with the situation the museum was in. They also realized "
msgstr ""
#. type: Plain text
-#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.md:6028
+#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.md:6069
msgid ""
"It was effective but a bit boring. It was just data. A hackathon they were "
"invited to got them to start talking about events like that as having "
msgstr ""
#. type: Plain text
-#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.md:6040
+#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.md:6081
msgid ""
"Then, Lizzy says, Europeana came along. Europeana is Europe’s digital "
"library, museum, and archive for cultural heritage.1 As an online portal to "
msgstr ""
#. type: Plain text
-#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.md:6051
+#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.md:6092
msgid ""
"They realized that they don’t “own” the collection and couldn’t "
"realistically monitor and enforce compliance with the restrictive licensing "
msgstr ""
#. type: Plain text
-#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.md:6063
+#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.md:6104
msgid ""
"In 2011 the Rijksmuseum began making their digital photos of works known to "
"be free of copyright available online, using Creative Commons CC0 to place "
msgstr ""
#. type: Plain text
-#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.md:6073
+#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.md:6114
msgid ""
"In 2013 the Rijksmuseum changed its business model. They Creative Commons "
"licensed their highest-quality images and released them online for "
msgstr ""
#. type: Plain text
-#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.md:6086
+#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.md:6127
msgid ""
"Releasing these high-quality images for free reduced the number of "
"poor-quality images that were proliferating. The high-quality image of "
msgstr ""
#. type: Plain text
-#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.md:6093
+#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.md:6134
msgid ""
"Every museum tends to be driven by the number of physical visitors. The "
"Rijksmuseum is primarily publicly funded, receiving roughly 70 percent of "
msgstr ""
#. type: Plain text
-#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.md:6105
+#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.md:6146
msgid ""
"As museums create a digital presence for themselves and put up digital "
"representations of their collection online, there’s frequently a worry that "
msgstr ""
#. type: Plain text
-#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.md:6112
+#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.md:6153
msgid ""
"In 2011 the Rijksmuseum received €1 million from the Dutch lottery to create "
"a new web presence that would be different from any other museum’s. In "
msgstr ""
#. type: Plain text
-#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.md:6121
+#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.md:6162
msgid ""
"The Rijksstudio gives users access to over two hundred thousand high-quality "
"digital representations of masterworks from the collection. Users can zoom "
msgstr ""
#. type: Plain text
-#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.md:6126
+#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.md:6167
msgid ""
"Users have created over 276,000 Rijksstudios, generating their own themed "
"virtual exhibitions on a wide variety of topics ranging from tapestries to "
msgstr ""
#. type: Plain text
-#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.md:6136
+#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.md:6177
msgid ""
"Some contemporary artists who have works in the Rijksmuseum collection "
"contacted them to ask why their works were not included in the "
msgstr ""
#. type: Plain text
-#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.md:6146
+#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.md:6187
msgid ""
"The Rijksmuseum believes that art stimulates entrepreneurial activity. The "
"line between creative and commercial can be blurry. As Lizzy says, even "
msgstr ""
#. type: Plain text
-#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.md:6159
+#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.md:6200
msgid ""
"In 2013 the Rijksmuseum organized their first high-profile design "
"competition, known as the Rijksstudio Award.4 With the call to action Make "
msgstr ""
#. type: Plain text
-#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.md:6163
+#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.md:6204
msgid ""
"For the next iteration of the Rijksstudio, the Rijksmuseum is considering an "
"upload tool, for people to upload their own works of art, and enhanced "
msgstr ""
#. type: Plain text
-#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.md:6170
+#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.md:6211
msgid ""
"Going with a more open business model generated lots of publicity for the "
"Rijksmuseum. They were one of the first museums to open up their collection "
msgstr ""
#. type: Plain text
-#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.md:6181
+#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.md:6222
msgid ""
"The Rijksmuseum has been experimenting with other ways to invite the public "
"to look at and interact with their collection. On an international day "
msgstr ""
#. type: Plain text
-#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.md:6198
+#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.md:6239
msgid ""
"For the Rijksmuseum, adopting an open business model was scary. They came up "
"with many worst-case scenarios, imagining all kinds of awful things people "
msgstr ""
#. type: Bullet: '1. '
-#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.md:6208
+#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.md:6249
msgid "www.europeana.eu/portal/en"
msgstr ""
#. type: Bullet: '2. '
-#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.md:6208
+#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.md:6249
msgid "www.rijksmuseum.nl/en/rijksstudio"
msgstr ""
#. type: Bullet: '3. '
-#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.md:6208
+#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.md:6249
msgid "www.etsy.com/ca/listing/175696771/fringe-kimono-silk-kimono-kimono-robe"
msgstr ""
#. type: Bullet: '4. '
-#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.md:6208
+#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.md:6249
msgid ""
"www.rijksmuseum.nl/en/rijksstudio-award; the 2014 award: "
"www.rijksmuseum.nl/en/rijksstudio-award-2014; the 2015 award: "
msgstr ""
#. type: Bullet: '5. '
-#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.md:6208
+#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.md:6249
msgid "www.rijksmuseum.nl/nl/rijksstudio/142328--nominees-rijksstudio-award/creaties/ba595afe-452d-46bd-9c8c-48dcbdd7f0a4"
msgstr ""
#. type: Plain text
-#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.md:6210
+#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.md:6251
msgid "## Shareable"
msgstr ""
#. type: Plain text
-#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.md:6213
+#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.md:6254
msgid "Shareable is an online magazine about sharing. Founded in 2009 in the U.S."
msgstr ""
#. type: Plain text
-#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.md:6215
+#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.md:6256
msgid "www.shareable.net"
msgstr ""
#. type: Plain text
-#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.md:6218
+#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.md:6259
msgid ""
"Revenue model: grant funding, crowdfunding (project-based), donations, "
"sponsorships"
msgstr ""
#. type: Plain text
-#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.md:6220
+#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.md:6261
msgid "Interview date: February 24, 2016"
msgstr ""
#. type: Plain text
-#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.md:6222
+#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.md:6263
msgid "Interviewee: Neal Gorenflo, cofounder and executive editor"
msgstr ""
#. type: Plain text
-#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.md:6233
+#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.md:6274
msgid ""
"In 2013, Shareable faced an impasse. The nonprofit online publication had "
"helped start a sharing movement four years prior, but over time, they "
msgstr ""
#. type: Plain text
-#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.md:6243
+#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.md:6284
msgid ""
"As an organization, Shareable decided to draw a line in the sand. In 2013, "
"the cofounder and executive editor Neal Gorenflo wrote an opinion piece in "
msgstr ""
#. type: Plain text
-#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.md:6250
+#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.md:6291
msgid ""
"Neal said their public critique of the corporate sharing economy defined "
"what Shareable was and is. He does not think the magazine would still be "
msgstr ""
#. type: Plain text
-#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.md:6259
+#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.md:6300
msgid ""
"Interestingly, impassioned supporters are only a small sliver of Shareable’s "
"total audience. Most are casual readers who come across a Shareable story "
msgstr ""
#. type: Plain text
-#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.md:6269
+#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.md:6310
msgid ""
"Shareable is a magazine, but the content they publish is a means to "
"furthering their role as a leader and catalyst of a movement. Shareable "
msgstr ""
#. type: Plain text
-#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.md:6278
+#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.md:6319
msgid ""
"They have worked hard to find ways to tell stories that show different "
"metrics for success. “We wanted to change the notion of what constitutes the "
msgstr ""
#. type: Plain text
-#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.md:6290
+#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.md:6331
msgid ""
"More than half of Shareable’s stories are written by paid journalists that "
"are contracted by the magazine. “Particularly in content areas that are a "
msgstr ""
#. type: Plain text
-#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.md:6302
+#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.md:6343
msgid ""
"All of Shareable’s original content is published under the Attribution "
"license (CC BY), meaning it can be used for any purpose as long as credit is "
msgstr ""
#. type: Plain text
-#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.md:6310
+#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.md:6351
msgid ""
"In addition to their regular news and commentary online, Shareable has also "
"experimented with book publishing. In 2012, they worked with a traditional "
msgstr ""
#. type: Plain text
-#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.md:6315
+#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.md:6356
msgid ""
"In 2016, Shareable self-published a book of curated Shareable stories called "
"How to: Share, Save Money and Have Fun. The book was available for sale, but "
msgstr ""
#. type: Plain text
-#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.md:6323
+#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.md:6364
msgid ""
"This recent book is one of many fund-raising experiments Shareable has "
"conducted in recent years. Currently, Shareable is primarily funded by "
msgstr ""
#. type: Plain text
-#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.md:6333
+#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.md:6374
msgid ""
"For Shareable, success is very much about their impact on the world. This "
"is true for Neal, but also for everyone who works for Shareable. “We "
msgstr ""
#. type: Plain text
-#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.md:6342
+#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.md:6383
msgid ""
"In 2013, Shareable ran its first crowdfunding campaign to launch their "
"Sharing Cities Network. Neal said at first they were on pace to fail "
msgstr ""
#. type: Plain text
-#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.md:6348
+#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.md:6389
msgid ""
"For Neal, this symbolized how so much of success comes down to "
"relationships. Over time, Shareable has invested time and energy into the "
msgstr ""
#. type: Plain text
-#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.md:6362
+#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.md:6403
msgid ""
"Shareable began hosting events in 2010. These events were designed to bring "
"the sharing community together. But over time they realized they could reach "
msgstr ""
#. type: Plain text
-#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.md:6367
+#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.md:6408
msgid ""
"Neal says Shareable stumbled upon this strategy, but it seems to perfectly "
"encapsulate just how the commons is supposed to work. Rather than a "
msgstr ""
#. type: Plain text
-#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.md:6369
+#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.md:6410
msgid "## Siyavula"
msgstr ""
#. type: Plain text
-#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.md:6373
+#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.md:6414
msgid ""
"Siyavula is a for-profit educational-technology company that creates "
"textbooks and integrated learning experiences. Founded in 2012 in South "
msgstr ""
#. type: Plain text
-#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.md:6375
+#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.md:6416
msgid "www.siyavula.com"
msgstr ""
#. type: Plain text
-#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.md:6377
+#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.md:6418
msgid "Revenue model: charging for custom services, sponsorships"
msgstr ""
#. type: Plain text
-#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.md:6379
+#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.md:6420
msgid "Interview date: April 5, 2016"
msgstr ""
#. type: Plain text
-#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.md:6381
+#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.md:6422
msgid "Interviewee: Mark Horner, CEO"
msgstr ""
#. type: Plain text
-#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.md:6389
+#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.md:6430
msgid ""
"Openness is a key principle for Siyavula. They believe that every learner "
"and teacher should have access to high-quality educational resources, as "
msgstr ""
#. type: Plain text
-#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.md:6394
+#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.md:6435
msgid ""
"In terms of creating an open business model that involves Creative Commons, "
"Siyavula—and its founder, Mark Horner—have been around the block a few "
msgstr ""
#. type: Plain text
-#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.md:6401
+#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.md:6442
msgid ""
"It all started in 2002, when Mark and several other colleagues at the "
"University of Cape Town in South Africa founded the Free High School Science "
msgstr ""
#. type: Plain text
-#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.md:6409
+#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.md:6450
msgid ""
"As physicists, Mark and his colleagues were advocates of open-source "
"software. To make the books open and free, they adopted the Free Software "
msgstr ""
#. type: Plain text
-#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.md:6416
+#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.md:6457
msgid ""
"In 2007, the Shuttleworth Foundation offered funding support to make the "
"textbooks available for trial use at more schools. Surveys before and after "
msgstr ""
#. type: Plain text
-#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.md:6421
+#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.md:6462
msgid ""
"But the development of new textbooks froze at this stage. Mark shifted his "
"focus to rural schools, which didn’t have textbooks at all, and looked into "
msgstr ""
#. type: Plain text
-#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.md:6429
+#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.md:6470
msgid ""
"In 2007, Shuttleworth and the Open Society Institute convened a group of "
"open-education activists for a small but lively meeting in Cape Town. One "
msgstr ""
#. type: Plain text
-#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.md:6436
+#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.md:6477
msgid ""
"They wrote six original textbooks. A small publishing company offered "
"Shuttleworth the option to buy out the publisher’s existing K–9 content for "
msgstr ""
#. type: Plain text
-#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.md:6449
+#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.md:6490
msgid ""
"Mark wanted to build out the remaining curricula collaboratively through "
"communities of practice—that is, with fellow educators and writers. "
msgstr ""
#. type: Plain text
-#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.md:6457
+#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.md:6498
msgid ""
"Not only did Mark want the resources to be shareable, he wanted all teachers "
"to be able to remix and edit the content. Mark and his team had to come up "
msgstr ""
#. type: Plain text
-#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.md:6463
+#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.md:6504
msgid ""
"Then the Shuttleworth Foundation decided to completely restructure its work "
"as a foundation into a fellowship model (for reasons completely unrelated to "
msgstr ""
#. type: Plain text
-#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.md:6470
+#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.md:6511
msgid ""
"Mark and his team experimented with several different strategies. They tried "
"creating an authoring and hosting platform called Full Marks so that "
msgstr ""
#. type: Plain text
-#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.md:6477
+#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.md:6518
msgid ""
"Then the South African government approached Siyavula with an interest in "
"printing out the original six Free High School Science Texts (math and "
msgstr ""
#. type: Plain text
-#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.md:6485
+#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.md:6526
msgid ""
"They began to conceive of the six books as having massive marketing "
"potential for Siyavula. Printing Siyavula books for every kid in South "
msgstr ""
#. type: Plain text
-#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.md:6496
+#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.md:6537
msgid ""
"Mark and his team began imagining what they could develop beyond what was in "
"the textbooks as a service they charge for. One key thing you can’t do well "
msgstr ""
#. type: Plain text
-#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.md:6501
+#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.md:6542
msgid ""
"The costs for using Intelligent Practice were set very low, making it "
"accessible even to those with limited financial means. Siyavula was going "
msgstr ""
#. type: Plain text
-#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.md:6509
+#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.md:6550
msgid ""
"The government distributed the books to 1.5 million students, but there was "
"an unexpected wrinkle: the books were delivered late. Rather than wait, "
msgstr ""
#. type: Plain text
-#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.md:6517
+#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.md:6558
msgid ""
"Siyavula’s site did see a dramatic increase in traffic. They got five "
"hundred thousand visitors per month to their math site and the same number "
msgstr ""
#. type: Plain text
-#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.md:6524
+#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.md:6565
msgid ""
"At first, the Intelligent Practice services could only be paid using a "
"credit card. This proved problematic, especially for those in the low-income "
msgstr ""
#. type: Plain text
-#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.md:6529
+#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.md:6570
msgid ""
"Mark describes this as the first version of Siyavula’s business model: open "
"textbooks serving as marketing material and driving traffic to your site, "
msgstr ""
#. type: Plain text
-#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.md:6536
+#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.md:6577
msgid ""
"For Mark a key decision for Siyavula’s business was to focus on how they can "
"add value on top of their basic service. They’ll charge only if they are "
msgstr ""
#. type: Plain text
-#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.md:6546
+#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.md:6587
msgid ""
"Version two of Siyavula’s business model was a big, ambitious idea—scale "
"up. They also decided to sell the Intelligent Practice service to schools "
msgstr ""
#. type: Plain text
-#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.md:6554
+#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.md:6595
msgid ""
"Teachers get a dashboard that allows them to monitor the progress of an "
"entire class or view an individual learner’s results. They can see the "
msgstr ""
#. type: Plain text
-#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.md:6560
+#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.md:6601
msgid ""
"Based on the success of this effort, Siyavula decided to substantially "
"increase the production of open educational resources so they could provide "
msgstr ""
#. type: Plain text
-#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.md:6566
+#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.md:6607
msgid ""
"In partnership with, and sponsored by, the Sasol Inzalo Foundation, Siyavula "
"produced a series of natural sciences and technology workbooks for grades 4 "
msgstr ""
#. type: Plain text
-#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.md:6574
+#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.md:6615
msgid ""
"Through this experience, Siyavula learned they could get sponsors to help "
"fund openly licensed textbooks. It helped that Siyavula had by this time "
msgstr ""
#. type: Plain text
-#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.md:6581
+#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.md:6622
msgid ""
"The Siyavula books that are reviewed, approved, and branded by the "
"government are freely and openly available on Siyavula’s website under an "
msgstr ""
#. type: Plain text
-#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.md:6590
+#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.md:6631
msgid ""
"Although the South African government paid to print and distribute hard "
"copies of the books to schoolkids, Siyavula itself received no funding from "
msgstr ""
#. type: Plain text
-#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.md:6598
+#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.md:6639
msgid ""
"Using Siyavula books generated huge savings for the government. Providing "
"students with a traditionally published grade 12 science or math textbook "
msgstr ""
#. type: Plain text
-#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.md:6605
+#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.md:6646
msgid ""
"Just as Siyavula was planning to scale up the production of open textbooks "
"even more, the South African government changed its textbook policy. To save "
msgstr ""
#. type: Plain text
-#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.md:6614
+#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.md:6655
msgid ""
"Rather than producing more textbooks, Siyavula focused on improving its "
"Intelligent Practice technology for its existing books. Mark calls this "
msgstr ""
#. type: Plain text
-#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.md:6619
+#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.md:6660
msgid ""
"Mark says sales are way up, and they are really nailing Intelligent "
"Practice. Schools continue to use their open textbooks. The "
msgstr ""
#. type: Plain text
-#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.md:6626
+#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.md:6667
msgid ""
"Siyavula is exploring a range of enhancements to their business model. "
"These include charging a small amount for assessment services provided over "
msgstr ""
#. type: Plain text
-#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.md:6639
+#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.md:6680
msgid ""
"Siyavula is a for-profit business but one with a social mission. Their "
"shareholders’ agreement lists lots of requirements around openness for "
msgstr ""
#. type: Bullet: '1. '
-#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.md:6646
+#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.md:6687
msgid "www.gnu.org/licenses/fdl"
msgstr ""
#. type: Bullet: '2. '
-#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.md:6646
+#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.md:6687
msgid "www.capetowndeclaration.org"
msgstr ""
#. type: Bullet: '3. '
-#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.md:6646
+#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.md:6687
msgid "cnx.org"
msgstr ""
#. type: Bullet: '4. '
-#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.md:6646
+#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.md:6687
msgid "www.siyavula.com/products-primary-school.html"
msgstr ""
#. type: Plain text
-#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.md:6648
+#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.md:6689
msgid "## Sparkfun"
msgstr ""
#. type: Plain text
-#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.md:6651
+#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.md:6692
msgid ""
"SparkFun is an online electronics retailer specializing in open "
"hardware. Founded in 2003 in the U.S."
msgstr ""
#. type: Plain text
-#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.md:6653
+#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.md:6694
msgid "www.sparkfun.com"
msgstr ""
#. type: Plain text
-#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.md:6655
+#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.md:6696
msgid "Revenue model: charging for physical copies (electronics sales)"
msgstr ""
#. type: Plain text
-#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.md:6657
+#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.md:6698
msgid "Interview date: February 29, 2016"
msgstr ""
#. type: Plain text
-#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.md:6659
+#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.md:6700
msgid "Interviewee: Nathan Seidle, founder"
msgstr ""
#. type: Plain text
-#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.md:6667
+#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.md:6708
msgid ""
"SparkFun founder and former CEO Nathan Seidle has a picture of himself "
"holding up a clone of a SparkFun product in an electronics market in China, "
msgstr ""
#. type: Plain text
-#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.md:6672
+#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.md:6713
msgid ""
"“Being copied is the greatest earmark of flattery and success,” Nathan "
"said. “I thought it was so cool that they were selling to a market we were "
msgstr ""
#. type: Plain text
-#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.md:6680
+#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.md:6721
msgid ""
"This worldview runs through everything SparkFun does. SparkFun is an "
"electronics manufacturer. The company sells its products directly to the "
msgstr ""
#. type: Plain text
-#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.md:6688
+#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.md:6729
msgid ""
"Nathan believes open licensing is good for the world. “It touches on our "
"natural human instinct to share,” he said. But he also strongly believes it "
msgstr ""
#. type: Plain text
-#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.md:6692
+#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.md:6733
msgid ""
"“We compete on business principles,” Nathan said. “Claiming your territory "
"with intellectual property allows you to get comfy and rest on your "
msgstr ""
#. type: Plain text
-#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.md:6700
+#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.md:6741
msgid ""
"The result is an intense company-wide focus on product development and "
"improvement. “Our products are so much better than they were five years "
msgstr ""
#. type: Plain text
-#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.md:6708
+#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.md:6749
msgid ""
"SparkFun parts are available on eBay for lower prices. But people come "
"directly to SparkFun because SparkFun makes their lives easier. The example "
msgstr ""
#. type: Plain text
-#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.md:6717
+#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.md:6758
msgid ""
"SparkFun’s company history began in Nathan’s college dorm room. He spent a "
"lot of time experimenting with and building electronics, and he realized "
msgstr ""
#. type: Plain text
-#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.md:6724
+#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.md:6765
msgid ""
"Once he started designing his own products, he began putting the software "
"and schematics online to help with technical support. After doing some "
msgstr ""
#. type: Plain text
-#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.md:6731
+#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.md:6772
msgid ""
"The company has grown from a solo project to a corporation with 140 "
"employees. In 2015, SparkFun earned \\$33 million in revenue. Selling "
msgstr ""
#. type: Plain text
-#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.md:6738
+#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.md:6779
msgid ""
"SparkFun also has an educational department dedicated to creating a hands-on "
"curriculum to teach students about electronics using prototyping "
msgstr ""
#. type: Plain text
-#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.md:6742
+#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.md:6783
msgid ""
"“We have the burden and opportunity to educate the next generation of "
"technical citizens,” Nathan said. “Our goal is to affect the lives of three "
msgstr ""
#. type: Plain text
-#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.md:6751
+#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.md:6792
msgid ""
"The Creative Commons license underlying all of SparkFun’s products is "
"central to this mission. The license not only signals a willingness to "
msgstr ""
#. type: Plain text
-#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.md:6760
+#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.md:6801
msgid ""
"From the beginning, Nathan has tried to create a work environment at "
"SparkFun that he himself would want to work in. The result is what appears "
msgstr ""
#. type: Plain text
-#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.md:6771
+#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.md:6812
msgid ""
"The public event, called the Autonomous Vehicle Competition, brings in a "
"thousand to two thousand customers and other technology enthusiasts from "
msgstr ""
#. type: Plain text
-#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.md:6779
+#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.md:6820
msgid ""
"Nathan has worked hard to imbue a deeper meaning into the work SparkFun "
"does. The company is, of course, focused on being fiscally responsible, but "
msgstr ""
#. type: Plain text
-#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.md:6785
+#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.md:6826
msgid ""
"The company is committed to transparency and shares all of its financials "
"with its employees. They also generally strive to avoid being another "
msgstr ""
#. type: Plain text
-#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.md:6795
+#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.md:6836
msgid ""
"SparkFun’s customer base is largely made up of industrious electronics "
"enthusiasts. They have customers who are regularly involved in the company’s "
msgstr ""
#. type: Plain text
-#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.md:6803
+#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.md:6844
msgid ""
"However, this sort of customer engagement does not always translate to "
"people actively contributing to SparkFun’s projects. The company has a "
msgstr ""
#. type: Plain text
-#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.md:6811
+#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.md:6852
msgid ""
"Rather than focusing on cocreation with their customers, SparkFun instead "
"focuses on enabling people to copy, tinker, and improve products on their "
msgstr ""
#. type: Plain text
-#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.md:6823
+#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.md:6864
msgid ""
"Obviously, opening up the design of their products is a necessary step if "
"their goal is to empower the public. Nathan also firmly believes it makes "
msgstr ""
#. type: Plain text
-#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.md:6825
+#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.md:6866
msgid "## TeachAIDS"
msgstr ""
#. type: Plain text
-#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.md:6829
+#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.md:6870
msgid ""
"TeachAIDS is a nonprofit that creates educational materials designed to "
"teach people around the world about HIV and AIDS. Founded in 2005 in the "
msgstr ""
#. type: Plain text
-#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.md:6831
+#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.md:6872
msgid "teachaids.org"
msgstr ""
#. type: Plain text
-#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.md:6833
+#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.md:6874
msgid "Revenue model: sponsorships"
msgstr ""
#. type: Plain text
-#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.md:6835
+#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.md:6876
msgid "Interview date: March 24, 2016"
msgstr ""
#. type: Plain text
-#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.md:6837
+#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.md:6878
msgid "Interviewees: Piya Sorcar, the CEO, and Shuman Ghosemajumder, the chair"
msgstr ""
#. type: Plain text
-#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.md:6844
+#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.md:6885
msgid ""
"TeachAIDS is an unconventional media company with a conventional revenue "
"model. Like most media companies, they are subsidized by advertising. "
msgstr ""
#. type: Plain text
-#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.md:6855
+#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.md:6896
msgid ""
"But unlike most media companies, Teach-AIDS is a nonprofit organization with "
"a purely social mission. TeachAIDS is dedicated to educating the global "
msgstr ""
#. type: Plain text
-#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.md:6873
+#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.md:6914
msgid ""
"TeachAIDS is a labor of love for founder and CEO Piya Sorcar, who earns a "
"salary of one dollar per year from the nonprofit. The project grew out of "
msgstr ""
#. type: Plain text
-#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.md:6883
+#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.md:6924
msgid ""
"In late 2005, Piya and her team used research-based design to create new "
"educational materials and worked with local partners in India to help "
msgstr ""
#. type: Plain text
-#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.md:6887
+#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.md:6928
msgid ""
"Very shortly after the initial release, Piya’s team decided to spin the "
"endeavor into an independent nonprofit out of Stanford University. They also "
msgstr ""
#. type: Plain text
-#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.md:6900
+#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.md:6941
msgid ""
"Given their educational mission, TeachAIDS had an obvious interest in seeing "
"the materials as widely shared as possible. But they also needed to preserve "
msgstr ""
#. type: Plain text
-#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.md:6907
+#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.md:6948
msgid ""
"Choosing a license that does not allow adaptation of the content was an "
"outgrowth of the careful precision with which TeachAIDS crafts their "
msgstr ""
#. type: Plain text
-#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.md:6914
+#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.md:6955
msgid ""
"One important finding was that people accept the message best when it comes "
"from familiar voices they trust and admire. To achieve this, TeachAIDS "
msgstr ""
#. type: Plain text
-#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.md:6927
+#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.md:6968
msgid ""
"Localization is probably the single-most important aspect of the way "
"TeachAIDS creates its content. While each regional version builds from the "
msgstr ""
#. type: Plain text
-#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.md:6941
+#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.md:6982
msgid ""
"The localization process relies heavily on volunteers. Their volunteer base "
"is deeply committed to the cause, and the organization has had better luck "
msgstr ""
#. type: Plain text
-#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.md:6958
+#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.md:6999
msgid ""
"TeachAIDS employs full-time employees, contractors, and volunteers, all in "
"different capacities and organizational configurations. They are careful to "
msgstr ""
#. type: Plain text
-#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.md:6969
+#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.md:7010
msgid ""
"Piya’s team was able to produce all of these versions over several years "
"with a head count that never exceeded eight full-time employees. The "
msgstr ""
#. type: Plain text
-#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.md:6978
+#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.md:7019
msgid ""
"Like many content creators offering their work for free, they settled on "
"advertising as a funding model. But they were extremely careful not to let "
msgstr ""
#. type: Plain text
-#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.md:6986
+#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.md:7027
msgid ""
"TeachAIDS is careful not to seek funding to cover the costs of a specific "
"project. Instead, sponsorships are structured as unrestricted donations to "
msgstr ""
#. type: Plain text
-#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.md:6997
+#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.md:7038
msgid ""
"As of 2016, TeachAIDS has dozens of sponsors. “When we go into a new "
"country, various companies hear about us and reach out to us,” Piya "
msgstr ""
#. type: Plain text
-#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.md:7004
+#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.md:7045
msgid ""
"Importantly, the value to corporate sponsors goes beyond commercial "
"considerations. As a nonprofit with a clearly articulated social mission, "
msgstr ""
#. type: Plain text
-#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.md:7011
+#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.md:7052
msgid ""
"The core mission of TeachAIDS—ensuring global access to life-saving "
"education—is at the root of everything the organization does. It underpins "
msgstr ""
#. type: Plain text
-#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.md:7013
+#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.md:7054
msgid "## Tribe of Noise"
msgstr ""
#. type: Plain text
-#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.md:7017
+#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.md:7058
msgid ""
"Tribe of Noise is a for-profit online music platform serving the film, TV, "
"video, gaming, and in-store-media industries. Founded in 2008 in the "
msgstr ""
#. type: Plain text
-#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.md:7019
+#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.md:7060
msgid "www.tribeofnoise.com"
msgstr ""
#. type: Plain text
-#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.md:7023
+#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.md:7064
msgid "Interview date: January 26, 2016"
msgstr ""
#. type: Plain text
-#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.md:7025
+#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.md:7066
msgid "Interviewee: Hessel van Oorschot, cofounder"
msgstr ""
#. type: Plain text
-#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.md:7035
+#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.md:7076
msgid ""
"In the early 2000s, Hessel van Oorschot was an entrepreneur running a "
"business where he coached other midsize entrepreneurs how to create an "
msgstr ""
#. type: Plain text
-#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.md:7043
+#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.md:7084
msgid ""
"In 2005, Hessel and Sandra Brandenburg launched a niche video-production "
"initiative. Almost immediately, they ran into issues around finding and "
msgstr ""
#. type: Plain text
-#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.md:7051
+#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.md:7092
msgid ""
"They hired two lawyers to investigate further, and while they uncovered five "
"or six examples, Hessel found the business models lacking. The lawyers "
msgstr ""
#. type: Plain text
-#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.md:7057
+#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.md:7098
msgid ""
"Building a platform posed a real chicken-and-egg problem. The platform had "
"to build an online community of music-rights holders and, at the same time, "
msgstr ""
#. type: Plain text
-#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.md:7064
+#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.md:7105
msgid ""
"In July 2008, Tribe of Noise opened its virtual doors with a couple hundred "
"musicians willing to use the CC BY-SA license (Attribution-ShareAlike) for a "
msgstr ""
#. type: Plain text
-#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.md:7072
+#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.md:7113
msgid ""
"As they were growing the community, Hessel got a phone call from a company "
"that made in-store music playlists asking if they had enough music licensed "
msgstr ""
#. type: Plain text
-#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.md:7090
+#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.md:7131
msgid ""
"In most countries, artists, authors, and musicians join a collecting society "
"that manages the licensing and helps collect the royalties. Copyright "
msgstr ""
#. type: Plain text
-#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.md:7101
+#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.md:7142
msgid ""
"Instead of building a large sales force, Tribe of Noise partnered with big "
"organizations who have lots of clients and can act as a kind of Tribe of "
msgstr ""
#. type: Plain text
-#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.md:7108
+#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.md:7149
msgid ""
"Tribe of Noise doesn’t pay the musicians up front; they get paid when their "
"music ends up in Tribe of Noise’s in-store music channels. The musicians’ "
msgstr ""
#. type: Plain text
-#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.md:7117
+#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.md:7158
msgid ""
"A few of your songs \\[licensed with CC BY-SA\\], for example five in total, "
"are selected for a bespoke in-store music channel broadcasting at a large "
msgstr ""
#. type: Plain text
-#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.md:7126
+#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.md:7167
msgid ""
"Tribe of Noise has another model that does not involve Creative Commons. In "
"a survey with members, most said they liked the exposure using Creative "
msgstr ""
#. type: Plain text
-#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.md:7135
+#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.md:7176
msgid ""
"Hessel’s legal team took this feedback and created a second model and "
"separate area of the platform called Tribe of Noise Pro. Songs uploaded to "
msgstr ""
#. type: Plain text
-#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.md:7142
+#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.md:7183
msgid ""
"Tribe of Noise Pro is primarily geared toward media makers who are looking "
"for music. If they buy a license from this catalog, they don’t have to state "
msgstr ""
#. type: Plain text
-#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.md:7147
+#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.md:7188
msgid ""
"Lots of Tribe of Noise musicians upload songs to both Tribe of Noise Pro and "
"the community area of Tribe of Noises. There aren’t that many artists who "
msgstr ""
#. type: Plain text
-#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.md:7154
+#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.md:7195
msgid ""
"Hessel sees the two as complementary. Both are needed for the model to "
"work. With a whole generation of musicians interested in the sharing "
msgstr ""
#. type: Plain text
-#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.md:7163
+#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.md:7204
msgid ""
"Every musician who joins Tribe of Noise gets their own home page and free "
"unlimited Web space to upload as much of their own music as they like. Tribe "
msgstr ""
#. type: Plain text
-#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.md:7171
+#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.md:7212
msgid ""
"Another way Tribe of Noise creates community and interest is with contests, "
"which are organized in partnership with Tribe of Noise clients. The client "
msgstr ""
#. type: Plain text
-#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.md:7182
+#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.md:7223
msgid ""
"Tribe of Noise now has twenty-seven thousand members from 192 countries, and "
"many are exploring do-it-yourself models for generating revenue. Some came "
msgstr ""
#. type: Plain text
-#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.md:7197
+#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.md:7238
msgid ""
"It’s not uncommon for performance-rights organizations, record labels, or "
"music publishers to sign contracts with musicians based on exclusivity. Such "
msgstr ""
#. type: Plain text
-#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.md:7206
+#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.md:7247
msgid ""
"For Hessel the key to Tribe of Noise’s success is trust. The fact that "
"Creative Commons licenses work the same way all over the world and have been "
msgstr ""
#. type: Bullet: '1. '
-#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.md:7211
+#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.md:7252
msgid "www.instoremusicservice.com"
msgstr ""
#. type: Bullet: '2. '
-#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.md:7211
+#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.md:7252
msgid "www.tribeofnoise.com/info\\_instoremusic.php"
msgstr ""
#. type: Plain text
-#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.md:7213
+#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.md:7254
msgid "## Wikimedia Foundation"
msgstr ""
#. type: Plain text
-#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.md:7216
+#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.md:7257
msgid ""
"The Wikimedia Foundation is the nonprofit organization that hosts Wikipedia "
"and its sister projects. Founded in 2003 in the U.S."
msgstr ""
#. type: Plain text
-#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.md:7218
+#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.md:7259
msgid "wikimediafoundation.org"
msgstr ""
#. type: Plain text
-#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.md:7220
+#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.md:7261
msgid "Revenue model: donations"
msgstr ""
#. type: Plain text
-#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.md:7222
+#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.md:7263
msgid "Interview date: December 18, 2015"
msgstr ""
#. type: Plain text
-#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.md:7225
+#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.md:7266
msgid ""
"Interviewees: Luis Villa, former Chief Officer of Community Engagement, and "
"Stephen LaPorte, legal counsel"
msgstr ""
#. type: Plain text
-#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.md:7229
+#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.md:7270
msgid "Nearly every person with an online presence knows Wikipedia."
msgstr ""
#. type: Plain text
-#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.md:7235
+#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.md:7276
msgid ""
"In many ways, it is the preeminent open project: The online encyclopedia is "
"created entirely by volunteers. Anyone in the world can edit the "
msgstr ""
#. type: Plain text
-#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.md:7239
+#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.md:7280
msgid ""
"As of December 2016, there were more than forty-two million articles in the "
"295 language editions of the online encyclopedia, according to—what "
msgstr ""
#. type: Plain text
-#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.md:7251
+#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.md:7292
msgid ""
"The Wikimedia Foundation is a U.S.-based nonprofit organization that owns "
"the Wikipedia domain name and hosts the site, along with many other related "
msgstr ""
#. type: Plain text
-#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.md:7256
+#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.md:7297
msgid ""
"As Wikimedia legal counsel Stephen LaPorte told us, “There is a common "
"saying that Wikipedia works in practice but not in theory.” While it "
msgstr ""
#. type: Plain text
-#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.md:7263
+#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.md:7304
msgid ""
"Because of its extraordinary breadth and scope, it does feel a bit like a "
"unicorn. Indeed, there is nothing else like Wikipedia. Still, much of what "
msgstr ""
#. type: Plain text
-#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.md:7273
+#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.md:7314
msgid ""
"The story of Wikipedia has been told many times. For our purposes, it is "
"enough to know the experiment started in 2001 at a small scale, inspired by "
msgstr ""
#. type: Plain text
-#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.md:7293
+#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.md:7334
msgid ""
"The nature of the content the community creates is ideal for asynchronous "
"cocreation. “An encyclopedia is something where incremental community "
msgstr ""
#. type: Plain text
-#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.md:7306
+#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.md:7347
msgid ""
"Some of that is directed at servers and general IT support, but the "
"foundation also invests a significant amount on architecture designed to "
msgstr ""
#. type: Plain text
-#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.md:7317
+#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.md:7358
msgid ""
"Wikipedia not only relies on good behavior within its community and on its "
"sites, but also by everyone else once the content leaves Wikipedia. All of "
msgstr ""
#. type: Plain text
-#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.md:7333
+#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.md:7374
msgid ""
"Of course, the primary reason no one has successfully co-opted Wikipedia is "
"that copycat efforts do not have the Wikipedia community to sustain what "
msgstr ""
#. type: Plain text
-#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.md:7341
+#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.md:7382
msgid ""
"But the vast majority of us who use Wikipedia are not contributors; we are "
"passive readers. The Wikimedia Foundation survives primarily on individual "
msgstr ""
#. type: Plain text
-#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.md:7350
+#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.md:7391
msgid ""
"The foundation has a fund-raising team that works year-round to raise money, "
"but the bulk of their revenue comes in during the December campaign in "
msgstr ""
#. type: Plain text
-#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.md:7358
+#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.md:7399
msgid ""
"The vision of the Wikimedia Foundation is a world in which every single "
"human being can freely share in the sum of all knowledge. They work to "
msgstr ""
#. type: Plain text
-#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.md:7363
+#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.md:7404
msgid ""
"The philosophy behind the endeavor also enables the foundation to be "
"financially sustainable. It instills trust in their readership, which is "
msgstr ""
#. type: Plain text
-#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.md:7368
+#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.md:7409
msgid ""
"Any given edit on Wikipedia could be motivated by nearly an infinite number "
"of reasons. But the social mission of the project is what binds the global "
msgstr ""
#. type: Plain text
-#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.md:7374
+#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.md:7415
msgid ""
"Of course, what results from that movement is one of the Internet’s great "
"public resources. “The Internet has a lot of businesses and stores, but it "
msgstr ""
#. type: Bullet: '1. '
-#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.md:7378
+#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.md:7419
msgid "gimletmedia.com/episode/14-the-art-of-making-and-fixing-mistakes/"
msgstr ""
#. type: Plain text
-#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.md:7380
+#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.md:7421
msgid "## Bibliography"
msgstr ""
#. type: Plain text
-#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.md:7385
+#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.md:7426
msgid ""
"Alperovitz, Gar. What Then Must We Do? Straight Talk about the Next American "
"Revolution; Democratizing Wealth and Building a Community-Sustaining Economy "
msgstr ""
#. type: Plain text
-#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.md:7389
+#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.md:7430
msgid ""
"Anderson, Chris. Free: How Today’s Smartest Businesses Profit by Giving "
"Something for Nothing, reprint with new preface. New York: Hyperion, 2010."
msgstr ""
#. type: Plain text
-#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.md:7391
+#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.md:7432
msgid "———. Makers: The New Industrial Revolution. New York: Signal, 2012."
msgstr ""
#. type: Plain text
-#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.md:7394
+#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.md:7435
msgid ""
"Ariely, Dan. Predictably Irrational: The Hidden Forces That Shape Our "
"Decisions. Rev. ed. New York: Harper Perennial, 2010."
msgstr ""
#. type: Plain text
-#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.md:7397
+#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.md:7438
msgid ""
"Bacon, Jono. The Art of Community. 2nd ed. Sebastopol, CA: O’Reilly Media, "
"2012."
msgstr ""
#. type: Plain text
-#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.md:7402
+#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.md:7443
msgid ""
"Benkler, Yochai. The Wealth of Networks: How Social Production Transforms "
"Markets and Freedom. New Haven: Yale University Press, 2006. "
msgstr ""
#. type: Plain text
-#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.md:7407
+#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.md:7448
msgid ""
"Benyayer, Louis-David, ed. Open Models: Business Models of the Open "
"Economy. Cachan, France: Without Model, 2016. "
msgstr ""
#. type: Plain text
-#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.md:7412
+#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.md:7453
msgid ""
"Bollier, David. Commoning as a Transformative Social Paradigm. Paper "
"commissioned by the Next Systems Project. Washington, DC: Democracy "
msgstr ""
#. type: Plain text
-#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.md:7415
+#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.md:7456
msgid ""
"———. Think Like a Commoner: A Short Introduction to the Life of the "
"Commons. Gabriola Island, BC: New Society, 2014."
msgstr ""
#. type: Plain text
-#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.md:7423
+#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.md:7464
msgid ""
"Bollier, David, and Pat Conaty. Democratic Money and Capital for the "
"Commons: Strategies for Transforming Neoliberal Finance through "
msgstr ""
#. type: Plain text
-#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.md:7426
+#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.md:7467
msgid ""
"Bollier, David, and Silke Helfrich, eds. The Wealth of the Commons: A World "
"Beyond Market and State. Amherst, MA: Levellers Press, 2012."
msgstr ""
#. type: Plain text
-#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.md:7429
+#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.md:7470
msgid ""
"Botsman, Rachel, and Roo Rogers. What’s Mine Is Yours: The Rise of "
"Collaborative Consumption. New York: Harper Business, 2010."
msgstr ""
#. type: Plain text
-#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.md:7432
+#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.md:7473
msgid ""
"Boyle, James. The Public Domain: Enclosing the Commons of the Mind. New "
"Haven: Yale University Press, 2008."
msgstr ""
#. type: Plain text
-#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.md:7434
+#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.md:7475
msgid "www.thepublicdomain.org/download/ (licensed under CC BY-NC-SA)."
msgstr ""
#. type: Plain text
-#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.md:7438
+#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.md:7479
msgid ""
"Capra, Fritjof, and Ugo Mattei. The Ecology of Law: Toward a Legal System in "
"Tune with Nature and Community. Oakland, CA: Berrett-Koehler, 2015."
msgstr ""
#. type: Plain text
-#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.md:7441
+#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.md:7482
msgid ""
"Chesbrough, Henry. Open Business Models: How to Thrive in the New Innovation "
"Landscape. Boston: Harvard Business School Press, 2006."
msgstr ""
#. type: Plain text
-#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.md:7444
+#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.md:7485
msgid ""
"———. Open Innovation: The New Imperative for Creating and Profiting from "
"Technology. Boston: Harvard Business Review Press, 2006."
msgstr ""
#. type: Plain text
-#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.md:7450
+#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.md:7491
msgid ""
"City of Bologna. Regulation on Collaboration between Citizens and the City "
"for the Care and Regeneration of Urban Commons. Translated by LabGov "
msgstr ""
#. type: Plain text
-#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.md:7454
+#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.md:7495
msgid ""
"Cole, Daniel H. “Learning from Lin: Lessons and Cautions from the Natural "
"Commons for the Knowledge Commons.” Chap. 2 in Frischmann, Madison, and "
msgstr ""
#. type: Plain text
-#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.md:7457
+#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.md:7498
msgid ""
"Creative Commons. 2015 State of the Commons. Mountain View, CA: Creative "
"Commons, 2015. stateof.creativecommons.org/2015/."
msgstr ""
#. type: Plain text
-#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.md:7460
+#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.md:7501
msgid ""
"Doctorow, Cory. Information Doesn’t Want to Be Free: Laws for the Internet "
"Age. San Francisco: McSweeney’s, 2014."
msgstr ""
#. type: Plain text
-#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.md:7464
+#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.md:7505
msgid ""
"Eckhardt, Giana, and Fleura Bardhi. “The Sharing Economy Isn’t about Sharing "
"at All.” Harvard Business Review, January 28, 2015. "
msgstr ""
#. type: Plain text
-#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.md:7469
+#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.md:7510
msgid ""
"Elliott, Patricia W., and Daryl H. Hepting, eds. (2015). Free Knowledge: "
"Confronting the Commodification of Human Discovery. Regina, SK: University "
msgstr ""
#. type: Plain text
-#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.md:7472
+#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.md:7513
msgid ""
"Eyal, Nir. Hooked: How to Build Habit-Forming Products. With Ryan "
"Hoover. New York: Portfolio, 2014."
msgstr ""
#. type: Plain text
-#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.md:7475
+#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.md:7516
msgid ""
"Farley, Joshua, and Ida Kubiszewski. “The Economics of Information in a "
"Post-Carbon Economy.” Chap. 11 in Elliott and Hepting, Free Knowledge."
msgstr ""
#. type: Plain text
-#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.md:7479
+#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.md:7520
msgid ""
"Foster, William Landes, Peter Kim, and Barbara Christiansen. “Ten Nonprofit "
"Funding Models.” Stanford Social Innovation Review, Spring "
msgstr ""
#. type: Plain text
-#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.md:7482
+#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.md:7523
msgid ""
"Frischmann, Brett M. Infrastructure: The Social Value of Shared "
"Resources. New York: Oxford University Press, 2012."
msgstr ""
#. type: Plain text
-#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.md:7486
+#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.md:7527
msgid ""
"Frischmann, Brett M., Michael J. Madison, and Katherine J. Strandburg, "
"eds. Governing Knowledge Commons. New York: Oxford University Press, 2014."
msgstr ""
#. type: Plain text
-#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.md:7490
+#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.md:7531
msgid ""
"Frischmann, Brett M., Michael J. Madison, and Katherine J. Strandburg. "
"“Governing Knowledge Commons.” Chap. 1 in Frischmann, Madison, and "
msgstr ""
#. type: Plain text
-#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.md:7493
+#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.md:7534
msgid ""
"Gansky, Lisa. The Mesh: Why the Future of Business Is Sharing. Reprint with "
"new epilogue. New York: Portfolio, 2012."
msgstr ""
#. type: Plain text
-#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.md:7496
+#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.md:7537
msgid ""
"Grant, Adam. Give and Take: Why Helping Others Drives Our Success. New York: "
"Viking, 2013."
msgstr ""
#. type: Plain text
-#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.md:7499
+#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.md:7540
msgid ""
"Haiven, Max. Crises of Imagination, Crises of Power: Capitalism, Creativity "
"and the Commons. New York: Zed Books, 2014."
msgstr ""
#. type: Plain text
-#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.md:7503
+#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.md:7544
msgid ""
"Harris, Malcom, ed. Share or Die: Voices of the Get Lost Generation in the "
"Age of Crisis. With Neal Gorenflo. Gabriola Island, BC: New Society, 2012."
msgstr ""
#. type: Plain text
-#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.md:7506
+#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.md:7547
msgid ""
"Hermida, Alfred. Tell Everyone: Why We Share and Why It Matters. Toronto: "
"Doubleday Canada, 2014."
msgstr ""
#. type: Plain text
-#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.md:7509
+#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.md:7550
msgid ""
"Hyde, Lewis. Common as Air: Revolution, Art, and Ownership. New York: "
"Farrar, Straus and Giroux, 2010."
msgstr ""
#. type: Plain text
-#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.md:7512
+#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.md:7553
msgid ""
"———. The Gift: Creativity and the Artist in the Modern World. 2nd Vintage "
"Books edition. New York: Vintage Books, 2007."
msgstr ""
#. type: Plain text
-#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.md:7515
+#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.md:7556
msgid ""
"Kelley, Tom, and David Kelley. Creative Confidence: Unleashing the Potential "
"within Us All. New York: Crown, 2013."
msgstr ""
#. type: Plain text
-#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.md:7518
+#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.md:7559
msgid ""
"Kelly, Marjorie. Owning Our Future: The Emerging Ownership Revolution; "
"Journeys to a Generative Economy. San Francisco:"
msgstr ""
#. type: Plain text
-#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.md:7520
+#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.md:7561
msgid "Berrett-Koehler, 2012."
msgstr ""
#. type: Plain text
-#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.md:7523
+#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.md:7564
msgid ""
"Kleon, Austin. Show Your Work: 10 Ways to Share Your Creativity and Get "
"Discovered. New York: Workman, 2014."
msgstr ""
#. type: Plain text
-#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.md:7526
+#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.md:7567
msgid ""
"———. Steal Like an Artist: 10 Things Nobody Told You about Being "
"Creative. New York: Workman, 2012."
msgstr ""
#. type: Plain text
-#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.md:7529
+#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.md:7570
msgid ""
"Kramer, Bryan. Shareology: How Sharing Is Powering the Human Economy. New "
"York: Morgan James, 2016."
msgstr ""
#. type: Plain text
-#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.md:7532
+#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.md:7573
msgid ""
"Lee, David. “Inside Medium: An Attempt to Bring Civility to the Internet.” "
"BBC News, March 3, 2016. www.bbc.com/news/technology-35709680"
msgstr ""
#. type: Plain text
-#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.md:7535
+#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.md:7576
msgid ""
"Lessig, Lawrence. Remix: Making Art and Commerce Thrive in the Hybrid "
"Economy. New York: Penguin Press, 2008."
msgstr ""
#. type: Plain text
-#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.md:7538
+#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.md:7579
msgid ""
"Menzies, Heather. Reclaiming the Commons for the Common Good: A Memoir and "
"Manifesto. Gabriola Island, BC: New Society, 2014."
msgstr ""
#. type: Plain text
-#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.md:7541
+#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.md:7582
msgid ""
"Mason, Paul. Postcapitalism: A Guide to Our Future. New York: Farrar, Straus "
"and Giroux, 2015."
msgstr ""
#. type: Plain text
-#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.md:7545
+#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.md:7586
msgid ""
"New York Times Customer Insight Group. The Psychology of Sharing: Why Do "
"People Share Online? New York: New York Times Customer Insight Group, "
msgstr ""
#. type: Plain text
-#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.md:7549
+#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.md:7590
msgid ""
"Osterwalder, Alex, and Yves Pigneur. Business Model Generation. Hoboken, NJ: "
"John Wiley and Sons, 2010. A preview of the book is available at "
msgstr ""
#. type: Plain text
-#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.md:7553
+#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.md:7594
msgid ""
"Osterwalder, Alex, Yves Pigneur, Greg Bernarda, and Adam Smith. Value "
"Proposition Design. Hoboken, NJ: John Wiley and Sons, 2014. A preview of the "
msgstr ""
#. type: Plain text
-#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.md:7556
+#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.md:7597
msgid ""
"Palmer, Amanda. The Art of Asking: Or How I Learned to Stop Worrying and Let "
"People Help. New York: Grand Central, 2014."
msgstr ""
#. type: Plain text
-#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.md:7562
+#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.md:7603
msgid ""
"Pekel, Joris. Democratising the Rijksmuseum: Why Did the Rijksmuseum Make "
"Available Their Highest Quality Material without Restrictions, and What Are "
msgstr ""
#. type: Plain text
-#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.md:7567
+#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.md:7608
msgid ""
"Ramos, José Maria, ed. The City as Commons: A Policy Reader. Melbourne, "
"Australia: Commons Transition Coalition, 2016. "
msgstr ""
#. type: Plain text
-#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.md:7572
+#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.md:7613
msgid ""
"Raymond, Eric S. The Cathedral and the Bazaar: Musings on Linux and Open "
"Source by an Accidental Revolutionary. Rev. ed. Sebastopol, CA: O’Reilly "
msgstr ""
#. type: Plain text
-#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.md:7576
+#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.md:7617
msgid ""
"Ries, Eric. The Lean Startup: How Today’s Entrepreneurs Use Continuous "
"Innovation to Create Radically Successful Businesses. New York: Crown "
msgstr ""
#. type: Plain text
-#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.md:7580
+#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.md:7621
msgid ""
"Rifkin, Jeremy. The Zero Marginal Cost Society: The Internet of Things, the "
"Collaborative Commons, and the Eclipse of Capitalism. New York: Palgrave "
msgstr ""
#. type: Plain text
-#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.md:7582
+#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.md:7623
msgid "Rowe, Jonathan. Our Common Wealth. San Francisco: Berrett-Koehler, 2013."
msgstr ""
#. type: Plain text
-#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.md:7585
+#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.md:7626
msgid ""
"Rushkoff, Douglas. Throwing Rocks at the Google Bus: How Growth Became the "
"Enemy of Prosperity. New York: Portfolio, 2016."
msgstr ""
#. type: Plain text
-#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.md:7588
+#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.md:7629
msgid ""
"Sandel, Michael J. What Money Can’t Buy: The Moral Limits of Markets. New "
"York: Farrar, Straus and Giroux, 2012."
msgstr ""
#. type: Plain text
-#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.md:7591
+#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.md:7632
msgid ""
"Shirky, Clay. Cognitive Surplus: How Technology Makes Consumers into "
"Collaborators. London, England: Penguin Books, 2010."
msgstr ""
#. type: Plain text
-#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.md:7594
+#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.md:7635
msgid ""
"Slee, Tom. What’s Yours Is Mine: Against the Sharing Economy. New York: OR "
"Books, 2015."
msgstr ""
#. type: Plain text
-#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.md:7597
+#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.md:7638
msgid ""
"Stephany, Alex. The Business of Sharing: Making in the New Sharing "
"Economy. New York: Palgrave Macmillan, 2015."
msgstr ""
#. type: Plain text
-#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.md:7600
+#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.md:7641
msgid ""
"Stepper, John. Working Out Loud: For a Better Career and Life. New York: "
"Ikigai Press, 2015."
msgstr ""
#. type: Plain text
-#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.md:7603
+#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.md:7644
msgid ""
"Sull, Donald, and Kathleen M. Eisenhardt. Simple Rules: How to Thrive in a "
"Complex World. Boston: Houghton Mifflin Harcourt, 2015."
msgstr ""
#. type: Plain text
-#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.md:7606
+#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.md:7647
msgid ""
"Sundararajan, Arun. The Sharing Economy: The End of Employment and the Rise "
"of Crowd-Based Capitalism. Cambridge, MA: MIT Press, 2016."
msgstr ""
#. type: Plain text
-#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.md:7608
+#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.md:7649
msgid "Surowiecki, James. The Wisdom of Crowds. New York: Anchor Books, 2005."
msgstr ""
#. type: Plain text
-#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.md:7612
+#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.md:7653
msgid ""
"Tapscott, Don, and Alex Tapscott. Blockchain Revolution: How the Technology "
"Behind Bitcoin Is Changing Money, Business, and the World. Toronto: "
msgstr ""
#. type: Plain text
-#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.md:7615
+#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.md:7656
msgid ""
"Tharp, Twyla. The Creative Habit: Learn It and Use It for Life. With Mark "
"Reiter. New York: Simon and Schuster, 2006."
msgstr ""
#. type: Plain text
-#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.md:7618
+#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.md:7659
msgid ""
"Tkacz, Nathaniel. Wikipedia and the Politics of Openness. Chicago: "
"University of Chicago Press, 2015."
msgstr ""
#. type: Plain text
-#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.md:7624
+#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.md:7665
msgid ""
"Van Abel, Bass, Lucas Evers, Roel Klaassen, and Peter Troxler, eds. Open "
"Design Now: Why Design Cannot Remain Exclusive. Amsterdam: BIS Publishers, "
msgstr ""
#. type: Plain text
-#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.md:7628
+#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.md:7669
msgid ""
"Van den Hoff, Ronald. Mastering the Global Transition on Our Way to Society "
"3.0. Utrecht, the Netherlands: Society 3.0 Foundation, 2014. "
msgstr ""
#. type: Plain text
-#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.md:7631
+#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.md:7672
msgid ""
"Von Hippel, Eric. Democratizing Innovation. London: MIT Press, 2005. "
"web.mit.edu/evhippel/www/democ1.htm (licensed under CC BY-NC-ND)."
msgstr ""
#. type: Plain text
-#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.md:7634
+#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.md:7675
msgid ""
"Whitehurst, Jim. The Open Organization: Igniting Passion and "
"Performance. Boston: Harvard Business Review Press, 2015."
msgstr ""
#. type: Plain text
-#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.md:7636
+#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.md:7677
msgid "## Acknowledgments"
msgstr ""
#. type: Plain text
-#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.md:7642
+#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.md:7683
msgid ""
"We extend special thanks to Creative Commons CEO Ryan Merkley, the Creative "
"Commons Board, and all of our Creative Commons colleagues for "
msgstr ""
#. type: Plain text
-#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.md:7646
+#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.md:7687
msgid ""
"Huge appreciation to all the Made with Creative Commons interviewees for "
"sharing their stories with us. You make the commons come alive. Thanks for "
msgstr ""
#. type: Plain text
-#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.md:7652
+#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.md:7693
msgid ""
"We interviewed more than the twenty-four organizations profiled in this "
"book. We extend special thanks to Gooru, OERu, Sage Bionetworks, and Medium "
msgstr ""
#. type: Plain text
-#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.md:7657
+#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.md:7698
msgid ""
"This book was made possible by the generous support of 1,687 Kickstarter "
"backers listed below. We especially acknowledge our many Kickstarter "
msgstr ""
#. type: Plain text
-#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.md:7704
+#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.md:7745
msgid ""
"Co-editor Kickstarter backers (alphabetically by first name): Abraham "
"Taherivand, Alan Graham, Alfredo Louro, Anatoly Volynets, Aurora Thornton, "
msgstr ""
#. type: Plain text
-#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.md:8057
+#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.md:8098
msgid ""
"All other Kickstarter backers (alphabetically by first name): A. Lee, Aaron "
"C. Rathbun, Aaron Stubbs, Aaron Suggs, Abdul Razak Manaf, Abraham "
projects / text-madewithcc.git / blobdiff