<indexterm id="idxanimadedcartoons" class='startofrange'>
<primary>animated cartoons</primary>
</indexterm>
+<indexterm id='idxcartoonfilms' class='startofrange'>
+ <primary>cartoon films</primary>
+</indexterm>
<para>
<emphasis role="strong">In 1928</emphasis>, a cartoon character was born. An early Mickey Mouse
made his debut in May of that year, in a silent flop called <citetitle>Plane Crazy</citetitle>.
permission. Yet today, the public domain is presumptive only for
content from before the Great Depression.
</para>
+<indexterm startref='idxcartoonfilms' class='endofrange'/>
<para>
<emphasis role="strong">Of course</emphasis>, Walt Disney had no monopoly on <quote>Walt Disney creativity.</quote>
Nor does America. The norm of free culture has, until recently, and
copyright. Prices of the classics were thus kept high; competition to
produce better or cheaper editions was eliminated.
</para>
+<indexterm id='idxbritishparliament' class='startofrange'>
+ <primary>British Parliament</primary>
+</indexterm>
<para>
Now, there's something puzzling about the year 1774 to anyone who
knows a little about copyright law. The better-known year in the
world where the Parliament is more pliant, free culture would be less
protected.
</para>
+<indexterm startref='idxbritishparliament' class='endofrange'/>
<indexterm startref='idxbooksenglishlaw' class='endofrange'/>
<!-- PAGE BREAK 106 -->
</chapter>
<indexterm id='idxarchivesdigital1' class='startofrange'>
<primary>archives, digital</primary>
</indexterm>
+<indexterm><primary>bots</primary></indexterm>
<para>
<emphasis role='strong'>In April 1996</emphasis>, millions of
<quote>bots</quote>—computer codes designed to
videos. Video Pipeline got the trailers from the film distributors, put
the trailers on tape, and sold the tapes to the retail stores.
</para>
+<indexterm><primary>browsing</primary></indexterm>
<para>
The company did this for about fifteen years. Then, in 1997, it began
to think about the Internet as another way to distribute these
because the technology builds a copy into every transaction.
</para>
<indexterm><primary>Barnes & Noble</primary></indexterm>
+<indexterm><primary>browsing</primary></indexterm>
<para>
<!-- PAGE BREAK 158 -->
No doubt, a potential is not yet an abuse, and so the potential for
that space to do as you wished with this part of our culture. You were
allowed to build on it as you wished without fear of legal control.
</para>
+<indexterm><primary>bots</primary></indexterm>
<para>
But if you moved your club onto the Internet, and made it generally
available for others to join, the story would be very different. Bots
<section id="examples">
<title>Rebuilding Freedoms Previously Presumed: Examples</title>
+<indexterm id='browsing' class='startofrange'>
+ <primary>browsing</primary>
+</indexterm>
<para>
If you step back from the battle I've been describing here, you will
recognize this problem from other contexts. Think about
electronic spaces, then the friction-induced privacy of yesterday
disappears.
</para>
+<indexterm startref='browsing' class='endofrange'/>
<para>
It is this reality that explains the push of many to define <quote>privacy</quote>
on the Internet. It is the recognition that technology can remove what