<firstname>Lawrence</firstname>
<surname>Lessig</surname>
</author>
+<!--
+ Keep these out to avoid showing up as author in the PDF.
+
+ <editor>
+ <firstname>Petter</firstname>
+ <surname>Reinholdtsen</surname>
+ </editor>
+
+ <othercredit role='converter'>
+ <firstname>Petter</firstname>
+ <surname>Reinholdtsen</surname>
+ <contrib>Created this Docbook version from an earlier version</contrib>
+ </othercredit>
+-->
</authorgroup>
<!-- <subjectset> and cover <mediaobject> Based on example from
<publisher>
- <publishername>The Penguin Press</publishername>
- <address><city>New York</city></address>
+ <publishername>Petter Reinholdtsen</publishername>
+ <address><city>Oslo</city></address>
</publisher>
<copyright>
</bookinfo>
<!-- PAGE BREAK 3 -->
<dedication id="alsobylessig">
-<title></title>
-<para>
-ALSO BY LAWRENCE LESSIG
-</para>
-<para>
+<title>
+Also by Lawrence Lessig
+</title>
+
+<itemizedlist>
+
+<listitem><para>
+<!-- 2014 -->
+The USA is lesterland: The nature of congressional corruption
+</para></listitem>
+<listitem><para>
+<!-- 2011, 2012 -->
+Republic, lost: How money corrupts Congress - and a plan to stop it
+</para></listitem>
+<listitem><para>
+<!-- 2008 -->
+Remix: Making art and commerce thrive in the hybrid economy
+</para></listitem>
+<listitem><para>
+<!-- 2006 -->
+Code: Version 2.0
+</para></listitem>
+<listitem><para>
+<!-- 2001, 2002 -->
The Future of Ideas: The Fate of the Commons in a Connected World
-</para>
-<para>
+</para></listitem>
+<listitem><para>
+<!-- 1999 -->
Code: And Other Laws of Cyberspace
-</para>
+</para></listitem>
+</itemizedlist>
</dedication>
<!-- PAGE BREAK 4 -->
<!-- PAGE BREAK 5 -->
<!-- PAGE BREAK 6 -->
<!-- PAGE BREAK 7 -->
<dedication><title></title>
+<!-- FIXME figure out how to do this better in dblatex and docbook-xsl -->
+<?latex {\Huge \centering ?>
<para>
To Eric Eldred — whose work first drew me to this cause, and for whom
it continues still.
</para>
+<?latex } ?>
</dedication>
<toc id="toc"></toc>
the noble class live easily; those outside it don't. But it is
nobility of any form that is alien to our tradition.
</para>
-<!-- PAGE BREAK 26. FIXME: Should "Is it" be "It is" ? -->
+<!-- PAGE BREAK 26. FIXME: Ask author if "Is it" should be "It is" ? -->
<para>
-The story that follows is about this war. Is it not about the
+The story that follows is about this war. It is not about the
<quote>centrality of technology</quote> to ordinary life. I don't believe in gods,
digital or otherwise. Nor is it an effort to demonize any individual
or group, for neither do I believe in a devil, corporate or
<!-- PAGE BREAK 34 -->
<chapter label="1" id="creators">
-<title>CHAPTER ONE: Creators</title>
+<title>Creators</title>
<indexterm id='idxanimatedcartoons' class='startofrange'><primary>animated cartoons</primary></indexterm>
<indexterm id='idxcartoonfilms' class='startofrange'><primary>cartoon films</primary></indexterm>
<indexterm id='idxfilmsanimated' class='startofrange'><primary>films</primary><secondary>animated</secondary></indexterm>
<!-- PAGE BREAK 44 -->
</chapter>
<chapter label="2" id="mere-copyists">
-<title>CHAPTER TWO: <quote>Mere Copyists</quote></title>
+<title><quote>Mere Copyists</quote></title>
<indexterm><primary>Daguerre, Louis</primary></indexterm>
<indexterm id='idxcameratechnology' class='startofrange'><primary>camera technology</primary></indexterm>
<indexterm id='idxphotography' class='startofrange'><primary>photography</primary></indexterm>
<!-- PAGE BREAK 61 -->
</chapter>
<chapter label="3" id="catalogs">
-<title>CHAPTER THREE: Catalogs</title>
+<title>Catalogs</title>
<indexterm><primary>Jordan, Jesse</primary></indexterm>
<indexterm><primary>RPI</primary><see>Rensselaer Polytechnic Institute (RPI)</see></indexterm>
<indexterm id='idxrensselaer' class='startofrange'><primary>Rensselaer Polytechnic Institute (RPI)</primary></indexterm>
time, enabling employees to have access to material that people
outside the business can't get. Universities do it as well.
</para>
-<indexterm startref='idxuniversitycomputernetworksppsharingon' class='endofrange'/>
<indexterm id='idxjordanjesse' class='startofrange'><primary>Jordan, Jesse</primary></indexterm>
<indexterm id='idxmicrosoftnetworkfilesystemof' class='startofrange'><primary>Microsoft</primary><secondary>network file system of</secondary></indexterm>
<para>
<!-- PAGE BREAK 66 -->
</chapter>
<chapter label="4" id="pirates">
-<title>CHAPTER FOUR: <quote>Pirates</quote></title>
+<title><quote>Pirates</quote></title>
<indexterm id='idxpiracyindevelopmentofcontentindustry' class='startofrange'><primary>piracy</primary><secondary>in development of content industry</secondary></indexterm>
<indexterm><primary><quote>if value, then right</quote> theory</primary></indexterm>
<para>
</section>
</chapter>
<chapter label="5" id="piracy">
-<title>CHAPTER FIVE: <quote>Piracy</quote></title>
+<title><quote>Piracy</quote></title>
<para>
<emphasis role='strong'>There is piracy</emphasis> of copyrighted
material. Lots of it. This piracy comes in many forms. The most
law should seek to either prevent it or find an alternative to assure the
author of his profit.
</para>
-<indexterm><primary>innovation</primary></indexterm>
-<indexterm><primary>Fanning, Shawn</primary></indexterm>
<para>
+<indexterm><primary>Fanning, Shawn</primary></indexterm>
+<indexterm><primary>innovation</primary></indexterm>
+<indexterm id='idxnapster' class='startofrange'><primary>Napster</primary></indexterm>
Peer-to-peer sharing was made famous by Napster. But the inventors of
the Napster technology had not made any major technological
innovations. Like every great advance in innovation on the Internet
put together components that had been developed independently.
</para>
<para>
+<indexterm><primary>Kazaa</primary></indexterm>
+<indexterm><primary>Napster</primary><secondary>number of registrations on</secondary></indexterm>
+<indexterm><primary>Napster</primary><secondary>replacement of</secondary></indexterm>
The result was spontaneous combustion. Launched in July 1999,
Napster amassed over 10 million users within nine months. After
eighteen months, there were close to 80 million registered users of the
p2p system, you can share your favorite songs with your best friend—
or your 20,000 best friends.
</para>
+<indexterm startref='idxnapster' class='endofrange'/>
<para>
According to a number of estimates, a huge proportion of Americans
have tasted file-sharing technology. A study by Ipsos-Insight in
just what you call type A sharing?</quote>
</para>
<para>
-You would think. And we should hope. But so far, it is not. The
- effect
+You would think. And we should hope. But so far, it is not. The effect
of the war purportedly on type A sharing alone has been felt far
-beyond that one class of sharing. That much is obvious from the
- Napster
-case itself. When Napster told the district court that it had
- developed
-a technology to block the transfer of 99.4 percent of identified
+beyond that one class of sharing. That much is obvious from the
+Napster case itself. When Napster told the district court that it had
+developed a technology to block the transfer of 99.4 percent of
+identified
+
<!-- PAGE BREAK 87 -->
infringing material, the district court told counsel for Napster 99.4
percent was not good enough. Napster had to push the infringements
<!-- PAGE BREAK 96 -->
<chapter label="6" id="founders">
-<title>CHAPTER SIX: Founders</title>
+<title>Founders</title>
<indexterm id='idxbooksenglishcopyrightlawdevelopedfor' class='startofrange'><primary>books</primary><secondary>English copyright law developed for</secondary></indexterm>
<indexterm id='idxcopyrightlawdevelopmentof' class='startofrange'><primary>copyright law</primary><secondary>development of</secondary></indexterm>
<indexterm id='idxcopyrightlawenglish' class='startofrange'><primary>copyright law</primary><secondary>English</secondary></indexterm>
<!-- PAGE BREAK 106 -->
</chapter>
<chapter label="7" id="recorders">
-<title>CHAPTER SEVEN: Recorders</title>
+<title>Recorders</title>
<indexterm id='idxcopyrightlawfairuseand' class='startofrange'><primary>copyright law</primary><secondary>fair use and</secondary></indexterm>
<indexterm id='idxdocumentaryfilm' class='startofrange'><primary>documentary film</primary></indexterm>
<indexterm id='idxelsejon' class='startofrange'><primary>Else, Jon</primary></indexterm>
<!-- PAGE BREAK 111 -->
</chapter>
<chapter label="8" id="transformers">
-<title>CHAPTER EIGHT: Transformers</title>
+<title>Transformers</title>
<indexterm><primary>Allen, Paul</primary></indexterm>
<indexterm id='idxalbenalex1' class='startofrange'><primary>Alben, Alex</primary></indexterm>
<indexterm><primary>Microsoft</primary></indexterm>
began his talk with a question: <quote>Do you know how many federal laws
were just violated in this room?</quote>
</para>
-<indexterm><primary>Boies, David</primary></indexterm>
-<indexterm><primary>Alben, Alex</primary></indexterm>
<para>
+<indexterm><primary>Alben, Alex</primary></indexterm>
+<indexterm><primary>Boies, David</primary></indexterm>
+<indexterm><primary>Court of Appeals</primary><secondary>Ninth Circuit</secondary></indexterm>
+<indexterm><primary>Ninth Circuit Court of Appeals</primary></indexterm>
+<indexterm><primary>Napster</primary></indexterm>
For of course, the two brilliantly talented creators who made this
film hadn't done what Alben did. They hadn't spent a year clearing the
rights to these clips; technically, what they had done violated the
<!-- PAGE BREAK 119 -->
</chapter>
<chapter label="9" id="collectors">
-<title>CHAPTER NINE: Collectors</title>
+<title>Collectors</title>
<indexterm id='idxarchivesdigital1' class='startofrange'><primary>archives, digital</primary></indexterm>
<indexterm><primary>bots</primary></indexterm>
<para>
<!-- PAGE BREAK 127 -->
</chapter>
<chapter label="10" id="property-i">
-<title>CHAPTER TEN: <quote>Property</quote></title>
+<title><quote>Property</quote></title>
<indexterm><primary>Johnson, Lyndon</primary></indexterm>
<indexterm><primary>Kennedy, John F.</primary></indexterm>
<para>
</para>
<figure id="fig-1521">
<title>All potential uses of a book.</title>
-<graphic fileref="images/1521.svg" align="center" width="50%"></graphic>
+<graphic fileref="images/1521.svg" align="center" width="40%"></graphic>
</figure>
<indexterm id='idxbooksthreetypesofusesof' class='startofrange'><primary>books</primary><secondary>three types of uses of</secondary></indexterm>
<indexterm id='idxcopyrightlawcopiesascoreissueof2' class='startofrange'><primary>copyright law</primary><secondary>copies as core issue of</secondary></indexterm>
</para>
<figure id="fig-1531">
<title>Examples of unregulated uses of a book.</title>
-<graphic fileref="images/1531.svg" align="center" width="50%"></graphic>
+<graphic fileref="images/1531.png" align="center" width="40%"></graphic>
</figure>
<para>
Obviously, however, some uses of a copyrighted book are regulated
by copyright law. Republishing the book, for example, makes a copy. It
is therefore regulated by copyright law. Indeed, this particular use stands
at the core of this circle of possible uses of a copyrighted work. It is the
-paradigmatic use properly regulated by copyright regulation (see first
-diagram on next page).
+paradigmatic use properly regulated by copyright regulation (see
+diagram in <xref linkend="fig-1541"/>).
</para>
<indexterm startref='idxderivativeworkspiracyvs4' class='endofrange'/>
<indexterm startref='idxpiracyderivativeworkvs4' class='endofrange'/>
<!-- PAGE BREAK 153 -->
<figure id="fig-1541">
<title>Republishing stands at the core of this circle of possible uses of a copyrighted work.</title>
-<graphic fileref="images/1541.png" align="center" width="50%"></graphic>
+<graphic fileref="images/1541.svg" align="center" width="40%"></graphic>
</figure>
<indexterm><primary>Constitution, U.S.</primary><secondary>First Amendment to</secondary></indexterm>
<indexterm><primary>First Amendment</primary></indexterm>
</para>
<figure id="fig-1542">
<title>Unregulated copying considered <quote>fair uses.</quote></title>
-<graphic fileref="images/1542.png" align="center" width="50%"></graphic>
-</figure>
-<para> </para>
-<figure id="fig-1551">
-<title>Uses that before were presumptively unregulated are now presumptively regulated.</title>
-<graphic fileref="images/1551.png" align="center" width="50%"></graphic>
+<graphic fileref="images/1542.svg" align="center" width="40%"></graphic>
</figure>
<indexterm id='idxcopyrightusagerestrictionsattachedto' class='startofrange'><primary>copyright</primary><secondary>usage restrictions attached to</secondary></indexterm>
<para>
fifth time, you are making a copy of the book contrary to the
copyright owner's wish.
</para>
+<figure id="fig-1551">
+<title>Uses that before were presumptively unregulated are now presumptively regulated.</title>
+<graphic fileref="images/1551.svg" align="center" width="40%"></graphic>
+</figure>
<para>
There are some people who think this makes perfect sense. My aim
just now is not to argue about whether it makes sense or not. My aim
technology.
</para>
<para>
-On the next page is a picture of an old version of my Adobe eBook
-Reader.
+In <xref linkend="fig-example-adobe-ebook-reader"/> is a picture of an old version of my
+Adobe eBook Reader.
</para>
<para>
As you can see, I have a small collection of e-books within this
<citetitle>Middlemarch</citetitle>, you'll see a fancy cover, and then
a button at the bottom called Permissions.
</para>
-<figure id="fig-1611">
+<figure id="fig-example-adobe-ebook-reader">
<title>Picture of an old version of Adobe eBook Reader</title>
-<graphic fileref="images/1611.png" align="center" width="50%"></graphic>
+<graphic fileref="images/example-adobe-ebook-reader.png" align="center" width="50%"></graphic>
</figure>
<para>
If you click on the Permissions button, you'll see a list of the
translation): Aristotle's <citetitle>Politics</citetitle>.
</para>
<figure id="fig-1621">
-<title>E-book of Aristotle;s <quote>Politics</quote></title>
+<title>E-book of Aristotle's <quote>Politics</quote></title>
<graphic fileref="images/1621.png" align="center" width="50%"></graphic>
</figure>
<para>
the book.
</para>
<figure id="fig-1622">
-<title>List of the permissions for Aristotle;s <quote>Politics</quote>.</title>
+<title>List of the permissions for Aristotle's <quote>Politics</quote>.</title>
<graphic fileref="images/1622.png" align="center" width="50%"></graphic>
</figure>
<indexterm><primary>Future of Ideas, The (Lessig)</primary></indexterm>
the VCR responsible.
</para>
<para>
-This led Conrad to draw the cartoon below, which we can adopt to
-the DMCA.
+This led Conrad to draw the cartoon in
+<xref linkend="fig-1711-vcr-handgun-cartoonfig"/>, which we can adopt
+to the DMCA.
<indexterm><primary>Conrad, Paul</primary></indexterm>
</para>
<para>
such a use would be good. It, too, is a technology that has both good
and bad uses.
</para>
-<figure id="fig-1711-vcr-handgun-cartoonfig">
+<figure id="fig-1711-vcr-handgun-cartoonfig" float="1">
<title>VCR/handgun cartoon.</title>
-<graphic fileref="images/1711.png" align="center" width="70%"></graphic>
+<graphic fileref="images/1711.png" align="center" width="100%"></graphic>
</figure>
<indexterm><primary>Conrad, Paul</primary></indexterm>
<para>
</para>
<figure id="fig-1761-pattern-modern-media-ownership">
<title>Pattern of modern media ownership.</title>
-<graphic fileref="images/1761.png" align="center" width="90%"></graphic>
+<graphic fileref="images/pattern-modern-media-ownership.png" align="center" width="90%"></graphic>
</figure>
<para>
<!-- PAGE BREAK 175 -->
</row>
<row>
<entry>Noncommercial</entry>
- <entry>©/Free</entry>
+ <entry>© / Free</entry>
<entry>Free</entry>
</row>
</tbody>
<!-- PAGE BREAK 186 -->
<chapter label="11" id="chimera">
-<title>CHAPTER ELEVEN: Chimera</title>
+<title>Chimera</title>
<indexterm id='idxchimera' class='startofrange'><primary>chimeras</primary></indexterm>
<indexterm id='idxwells' class='startofrange'><primary>Wells, H. G.</primary></indexterm>
<indexterm id='idxtcotb' class='startofrange'><primary><quote>Country of the Blind, The</quote> (Wells)</primary></indexterm>
<!-- PAGE BREAK 192 -->
</chapter>
<chapter label="12" id="harms">
-<title>CHAPTER TWELVE: Harms</title>
+<title>Harms</title>
<para>
<emphasis role='strong'>To fight</emphasis> <quote>piracy,</quote> to
protect <quote>property,</quote> the content industry has launched a
work spread across the Internet. But as the law is currently crafted, this
work is presumptively illegal.
</para>
-<indexterm><primary>Worldcom</primary></indexterm>
+<indexterm><primary>WorldCom</primary></indexterm>
<indexterm><primary>copyright infringement lawsuits</primary><secondary>exaggerated claims of</secondary></indexterm>
<indexterm><primary>copyright infringement lawsuits</primary><secondary>in recording industry</secondary></indexterm>
<indexterm><primary>doctors malpractice claims against</primary></indexterm>
the settlement, see MCI press release, <quote>MCI Wins U.S. District Court
Approval for SEC Settlement</quote> (7 July 2003), available at
<ulink url="http://free-culture.cc/notes/">link #37</ulink>.
-<indexterm><primary>Worldcom</primary></indexterm>
+<indexterm><primary>WorldCom</primary></indexterm>
</para></footnote>
And under legislation being pushed in Congress right now, a doctor who
negligently removes the wrong leg in an operation would be liable for
<!-- PAGE BREAK 220 -->
<chapter label="13" id="eldred">
-<title>CHAPTER THIRTEEN: Eldred</title>
+<title>Eldred</title>
<indexterm id='idxeldrederic' class='startofrange'><primary>Eldred, Eric</primary></indexterm>
<indexterm id='idxhawthornenathaniel' class='startofrange'><primary>Hawthorne, Nathaniel</primary></indexterm>
<para>
<para>
The best responses were in the cartoons. There was a gaggle of
hilarious images—of Mickey in jail and the like. The best, from
-my view of the case, was Ruben Bolling's, reproduced on the next page
-(<xref linkend="fig-18"/>). The <quote>powerful and wealthy</quote> line is a bit
+my view of the case, was Ruben Bolling's, reproduced in
+<xref linkend="fig-18"/>. The <quote>powerful and wealthy</quote> line is a bit
unfair. But the punch in the face felt exactly like that.
<indexterm><primary>Bolling, Ruben</primary></indexterm>
</para>
-<figure id="fig-18">
+<figure id="fig-18" float="1">
<title>Tom the Dancing Bug cartoon</title>
-<graphic fileref="images/18.png" align="center" width="95%"></graphic>
+<graphic fileref="images/tom-the-dancing-bug.png" align="center" width="100%"></graphic>
<indexterm><primary>Bolling, Ruben</primary></indexterm>
</figure>
<para>
<!-- PAGE BREAK 254 -->
</chapter>
<chapter label="14" id="eldred-ii">
-<title>CHAPTER FOURTEEN: Eldred II</title>
+<title>Eldred II</title>
<para>
<emphasis role='strong'>The day</emphasis>
<citetitle>Eldred</citetitle> was decided, fate would have it that I
</chapter>
<index></index>
<colophon>
+<?latex {\footnotesize ?>
<para>
-The original hardcover paper book was published in 2004 by The Penguin
-Press, a member of Penguin Group (USA) Inc. 375 Hudson Street New
-York, New York.
-</para>
-<para>
-This digital book was published by Petter Reinholdtsen in 2014.
+Free culture: How big media uses technology and the law to lock down
+culture and control creativity / Lawrence Lessig.
</para>
<para>
Copyright © Lawrence Lessig. Some rights reserved.
This version of <citetitle>Free Culture</citetitle> is licensed under
a Creative Commons license. This license permits non-commercial use of
this work, so long as attribution is given. For more information
-about the license, click the icon above, or visit
+about the license visit
<ulink url="http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc/1.0/">http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc/1.0/</ulink>
</para>
<para>
+This digital book was published by Petter Reinholdtsen in 2015. The
+original hardcover paper book was published in 2004 by The Penguin
+Press.
+</para>
+<para>
Excerpt from an editorial titled <quote>The Coming of Copyright
Perpetuity,</quote> <citetitle>The New York Times</citetitle>, January
16, 2003. Copyright © 2003 by The New York Times Co. Reprinted
Diagram in <xref linkend="fig-1761-pattern-modern-media-ownership"/>
courtesy of the office of FCC Commissioner, Michael J. Copps.
</para>
+
<para>
-Library of Congress Cataloging-in-Publication Data
+The source of this version of the book is written using DocBook
+notation and the other formats are derived from the DocBook source.
+The DocBook source is based on a DocBook XML version created by Hans
+Schou, and extended by Petter Reinholdtsen with formatting and index
+references. The source files for this book are available from
+<ulink url="https://github.com/petterreinholdtsen/free-culture-lessig"/>.
</para>
+
<para>
-Lessig, Lawrence.
-Free culture : how big media uses technology and the law to lock down
-culture and control creativity / Lawrence Lessig.
+&translationblock;
</para>
+
<para>
-p. cm.
+Includes index.
</para>
+
<para>
-Includes index.
+Classifications: (Dewey)
+306.4
+306.40973
+306.46
+341.7582
+343.7309/9,
+(UDK) 347.78
+(US Lib. of Congress) KF2979.L47 2004
+(ACM CRCS) K.4.1
</para>
<para>
<entry>978-82-92812-XX-Y</entry>
<entry>text/plain</entry>
</row>
-
<row>
<entry>978-82-92812-XX-Y</entry>
<entry>application/pdf</entry>
</tgroup>
</informaltable>
</para>
-
-<para>
-1. Intellectual property—United States.
-</para>
-<para>
-2. Mass media—United States.
-</para>
-<para>
-3. Technological innovations—United States.
-</para>
-<para>
-4. Art—United States. I. Title.
-</para>
-<para>
-KF2979.L47 2004
-</para>
-<para>
-343.7309'9—dc22 2003063276
-</para>
-
-<para>
-The source of this version of the text is written using DocBook
-notation and the other formats are derived from the DocBook source.
-The DocBook source is based on a
-<ulink url="http://www.sslug.dk/~chlor/lessig/">DocBook XML version
-created by Hans Schou</ulink>, and extended with formatting and index
-references by Petter Reinholdtsen. The source files of this book is
-available as
-<ulink url="https://github.com/petterreinholdtsen/free-culture-lessig">a
-github project</ulink>.
-</para>
-
-<para>
-&translationblock;
-</para>
-
+<?latex } %\tiny ?>
</colophon>
</book>
projects / text-free-culture-lessig.git / blobdiff