New day.

[text-free-culture-lessig.git] / freeculture.pot

diff --git a/freeculture.pot b/freeculture.pot
index 7e59035fb636d26c390d036e2a7a4f37418744a1..afb06bc90bf94d8c03cf27a61cf777220f09be8d 100644 (file)
--- a/freeculture.pot
+++ b/freeculture.pot
@@ -7,7 +7,7 @@
 msgid ""
 msgstr ""
 "Project-Id-Version: PACKAGE VERSION\n"
 msgid ""
 msgstr ""
 "Project-Id-Version: PACKAGE VERSION\n"

-"POT-Creation-Date: 2012-08-13 22:43+0300\n"
+"POT-Creation-Date: 2012-08-27 19:40+0300\n"

 "PO-Revision-Date: YEAR-MO-DA HO:MI+ZONE\n"
 "Last-Translator: FULL NAME <EMAIL@ADDRESS>\n"
 "Language-Team: LANGUAGE <LL@li.org>\n"
 "PO-Revision-Date: YEAR-MO-DA HO:MI+ZONE\n"
 "Last-Translator: FULL NAME <EMAIL@ADDRESS>\n"
 "Language-Team: LANGUAGE <LL@li.org>\n"


@@ -241,15 +241,16 @@ msgstr ""
 #. type: Content of: <book><colophon><para>
 #: freeculture.xml:179
 msgid ""
 #. type: Content of: <book><colophon><para>
 #: freeculture.xml:179
 msgid ""

-"Cartoon in <xref linkend=\"fig-1711\"/> by Paul Conrad, copyright Tribune "
-"Media Services, Inc.  All rights reserved. Reprinted with permission."
+"Cartoon in <xref linkend=\"fig-1711-vcr-handgun-cartoonfig\"/> by Paul "
+"Conrad, copyright Tribune Media Services, Inc.  All rights "
+"reserved. Reprinted with permission."

 msgstr ""
 
 #. type: Content of: <book><colophon><para>
 #: freeculture.xml:183
 msgid ""
 msgstr ""
 
 #. type: Content of: <book><colophon><para>
 #: freeculture.xml:183
 msgid ""

-"Diagram in <xref linkend=\"fig-1761\"/> courtesy of the office of FCC "
-"Commissioner, Michael J. Copps."
+"Diagram in <xref linkend=\"fig-1761-pattern-modern-media-ownership\"/> "
+"courtesy of the office of FCC Commissioner, Michael J. Copps."

 msgstr ""
 
 #. type: Content of: <book><colophon><para>
 msgstr ""
 
 #. type: Content of: <book><colophon><para>


@@ -366,12 +367,12 @@ msgid "PREFACE"
 msgstr ""
 
 #. type: Content of: <book><preface><indexterm><primary>
 msgstr ""
 
 #. type: Content of: <book><preface><indexterm><primary>

-#: freeculture.xml:326
+#: freeculture.xml:325

 msgid "Pogue, David"
 msgstr ""
 
 #. type: Content of: <book><preface><para>
 msgid "Pogue, David"
 msgstr ""
 
 #. type: Content of: <book><preface><para>

-#: freeculture.xml:329
+#: freeculture.xml:327

 msgid ""
 "<emphasis role=\"bold\">At the end</emphasis> of his review of my first "
 "book, <citetitle>Code: And Other Laws of Cyberspace</citetitle>, David "
 msgid ""
 "<emphasis role=\"bold\">At the end</emphasis> of his review of my first "
 "book, <citetitle>Code: And Other Laws of Cyberspace</citetitle>, David "


@@ -380,14 +381,14 @@ msgid ""
 msgstr ""
 
 #. type: Content of: <book><preface><blockquote><para><footnote><para>
 msgstr ""
 
 #. type: Content of: <book><preface><blockquote><para><footnote><para>

-#: freeculture.xml:340
+#: freeculture.xml:338

 msgid ""
 "David Pogue, <quote>Don't Just Chat, Do Something,</quote> <citetitle>New "
 "York Times</citetitle>, 30 January 2000."
 msgstr ""
 
 #. type: Content of: <book><preface><blockquote><para>
 msgid ""
 "David Pogue, <quote>Don't Just Chat, Do Something,</quote> <citetitle>New "
 "York Times</citetitle>, 30 January 2000."
 msgstr ""
 
 #. type: Content of: <book><preface><blockquote><para>

-#: freeculture.xml:336
+#: freeculture.xml:334

 msgid ""
 "Unlike actual law, Internet software has no capacity to punish. It doesn't "
 "affect people who aren't online (and only a tiny minority of the world "
 msgid ""
 "Unlike actual law, Internet software has no capacity to punish. It doesn't "
 "affect people who aren't online (and only a tiny minority of the world "


@@ -396,7 +397,7 @@ msgid ""
 msgstr ""
 
 #. type: Content of: <book><preface><para>
 msgstr ""
 
 #. type: Content of: <book><preface><para>

-#: freeculture.xml:345
+#: freeculture.xml:343

 msgid ""
 "Pogue was skeptical of the core argument of the book&mdash;that software, or "
 "<quote>code,</quote> functioned as a kind of law&mdash;and his review "
 msgid ""
 "Pogue was skeptical of the core argument of the book&mdash;that software, or "
 "<quote>code,</quote> functioned as a kind of law&mdash;and his review "


@@ -409,7 +410,7 @@ msgstr ""
 
 #. PAGE BREAK 12
 #. type: Content of: <book><preface><para>
 
 #. PAGE BREAK 12
 #. type: Content of: <book><preface><para>

-#: freeculture.xml:354
+#: freeculture.xml:352

 msgid ""
 "Pogue might have been right in 1999&mdash;I'm skeptical, but maybe.  But "
 "even if he was right then, the point is not right now: <citetitle>Free "
 msgid ""
 "Pogue might have been right in 1999&mdash;I'm skeptical, but maybe.  But "
 "even if he was right then, the point is not right now: <citetitle>Free "


@@ -421,7 +422,7 @@ msgid ""
 msgstr ""
 
 #. type: Content of: <book><preface><para>
 msgstr ""
 
 #. type: Content of: <book><preface><para>

-#: freeculture.xml:365
+#: freeculture.xml:363

 msgid ""
 "But unlike <citetitle>Code</citetitle>, the argument here is not much about "
 "the Internet itself. It is instead about the consequence of the Internet to "
 msgid ""
 "But unlike <citetitle>Code</citetitle>, the argument here is not much about "
 "the Internet itself. It is instead about the consequence of the Internet to "


@@ -430,14 +431,14 @@ msgid ""
 msgstr ""
 
 #. type: Content of: <book><preface><para><footnote><para>
 msgstr ""
 
 #. type: Content of: <book><preface><para><footnote><para>

-#: freeculture.xml:377
+#: freeculture.xml:375

 msgid ""
 "Richard M. Stallman, <citetitle>Free Software, Free Societies</citetitle> 57 "
 "(Joshua Gay, ed. 2002)."
 msgstr ""
 
 #. type: Content of: <book><preface><para>
 msgid ""
 "Richard M. Stallman, <citetitle>Free Software, Free Societies</citetitle> 57 "
 "(Joshua Gay, ed. 2002)."
 msgstr ""
 
 #. type: Content of: <book><preface><para>

-#: freeculture.xml:372
+#: freeculture.xml:370

 msgid ""
 "That tradition is the way our culture gets made. As I explain in the pages "
 "that follow, we come from a tradition of <quote>free "
 msgid ""
 "That tradition is the way our culture gets made. As I explain in the pages "
 "that follow, we come from a tradition of <quote>free "


@@ -458,7 +459,7 @@ msgid ""
 msgstr ""
 
 #. type: Content of: <book><preface><para>
 msgstr ""
 
 #. type: Content of: <book><preface><para>

-#: freeculture.xml:392
+#: freeculture.xml:390

 msgid ""
 "If we understood this change, I believe we would resist it. Not "
 "<quote>we</quote> on the Left or <quote>you</quote> on the Right, but we who "
 msgid ""
 "If we understood this change, I believe we would resist it. Not "
 "<quote>we</quote> on the Left or <quote>you</quote> on the Right, but we who "


@@ -470,20 +471,25 @@ msgid ""
 msgstr ""
 
 #. type: Content of: <book><chapter><indexterm><primary>
 msgstr ""
 
 #. type: Content of: <book><chapter><indexterm><primary>

-#: freeculture.xml:400 freeculture.xml:13080
-msgid "CodePink Women in Peace"
+#: freeculture.xml:398 freeculture.xml:1048
+msgid "power, concentration of"

 msgstr ""
 
 msgstr ""
 

-#. type: Content of: <book><preface><indexterm><primary>
-#: freeculture.xml:401
-msgid "Stevens, Ted"
+#. type: Content of: <book><chapter><indexterm><primary>
+#: freeculture.xml:399 freeculture.xml:13244
+msgid "CodePink Women in Peace"

 msgstr ""
 
 #. type: Content of: <book><chapter><indexterm><primary>
 msgstr ""
 
 #. type: Content of: <book><chapter><indexterm><primary>

-#: freeculture.xml:412 freeculture.xml:422 freeculture.xml:13081
+#: freeculture.xml:400 freeculture.xml:421 freeculture.xml:13245

 msgid "Safire, William"
 msgstr ""
 
 msgid "Safire, William"
 msgstr ""
 

+#. type: Content of: <book><preface><indexterm><primary>
+#: freeculture.xml:401
+msgid "Stevens, Ted"
+msgstr ""
+

 #. type: Content of: <book><preface><para>
 #: freeculture.xml:403
 msgid ""
 #. type: Content of: <book><preface><para>
 #: freeculture.xml:403
 msgid ""


@@ -494,19 +500,18 @@ msgid ""
 "marching <quote>uncomfortably alongside CodePink Women for Peace and the "
 "National Rifle Association, between liberal Olympia Snowe and conservative "
 "Ted Stevens,</quote> he formulated perhaps most simply just what was at "
 "marching <quote>uncomfortably alongside CodePink Women for Peace and the "
 "National Rifle Association, between liberal Olympia Snowe and conservative "
 "Ted Stevens,</quote> he formulated perhaps most simply just what was at "

-"stake: the concentration of power. And as he asked, <placeholder "
-"type=\"indexterm\" id=\"0\"/>"
+"stake: the concentration of power. And as he asked,"

 msgstr ""
 
 #. type: Content of: <book><preface><blockquote><para><footnote><para>
 msgstr ""
 
 #. type: Content of: <book><preface><blockquote><para><footnote><para>

-#: freeculture.xml:420
+#: freeculture.xml:419

 msgid ""
 "William Safire, <quote>The Great Media Gulp,</quote> <citetitle>New York "
 "Times</citetitle>, 22 May 2003.  <placeholder type=\"indexterm\" id=\"0\"/>"
 msgstr ""
 
 #. type: Content of: <book><preface><blockquote><para>
 msgid ""
 "William Safire, <quote>The Great Media Gulp,</quote> <citetitle>New York "
 "Times</citetitle>, 22 May 2003.  <placeholder type=\"indexterm\" id=\"0\"/>"
 msgstr ""
 
 #. type: Content of: <book><preface><blockquote><para>

-#: freeculture.xml:416
+#: freeculture.xml:415

 msgid ""
 "Does that sound unconservative? Not to me. The concentration of "
 "power&mdash;political, corporate, media, cultural&mdash;should be anathema "
 msgid ""
 "Does that sound unconservative? Not to me. The concentration of "
 "power&mdash;political, corporate, media, cultural&mdash;should be anathema "


@@ -516,7 +521,7 @@ msgid ""
 msgstr ""
 
 #. type: Content of: <book><preface><para>
 msgstr ""
 
 #. type: Content of: <book><preface><para>

-#: freeculture.xml:427
+#: freeculture.xml:426

 msgid ""
 "This idea is an element of the argument of <citetitle>Free "
 "Culture</citetitle>, though my focus is not just on the concentration of "
 msgid ""
 "This idea is an element of the argument of <citetitle>Free "
 "Culture</citetitle>, though my focus is not just on the concentration of "


@@ -525,9 +530,15 @@ msgid ""
 "change in the effective scope of the law. The law is changing; that change "
 "is altering the way our culture gets made; that change should worry "
 "you&mdash;whether or not you care about the Internet, and whether you're on "
 "change in the effective scope of the law. The law is changing; that change "
 "is altering the way our culture gets made; that change should worry "
 "you&mdash;whether or not you care about the Internet, and whether you're on "

-"Safire's left or on his right.  The inspiration for the title and for much "
-"of the argument of this book comes from the work of Richard Stallman and the "
-"Free Software Foundation. Indeed, as I reread Stallman's own work, "
+"Safire's left or on his right."
+msgstr ""
+
+#. type: Content of: <book><preface><para>
+#: freeculture.xml:437
+msgid ""
+"<emphasis role=\"strong\">The inspiration</emphasis> for the title and for "
+"much of the argument of this book comes from the work of Richard Stallman "
+"and the Free Software Foundation. Indeed, as I reread Stallman's own work, "

 "especially the essays in <citetitle>Free Software, Free Society</citetitle>, "
 "I realize that all of the theoretical insights I develop here are insights "
 "Stallman described decades ago. One could thus well argue that this work is "
 "especially the essays in <citetitle>Free Software, Free Society</citetitle>, "
 "I realize that all of the theoretical insights I develop here are insights "
 "Stallman described decades ago. One could thus well argue that this work is "


@@ -536,7 +547,7 @@ msgstr ""
 
 #. PAGE BREAK 14
 #. type: Content of: <book><preface><para>
 
 #. PAGE BREAK 14
 #. type: Content of: <book><preface><para>

-#: freeculture.xml:443
+#: freeculture.xml:446

 msgid ""
 "I accept that criticism, if indeed it is a criticism. The work of a lawyer "
 "is always derivative, and I mean to do nothing more in this book than to "
 msgid ""
 "I accept that criticism, if indeed it is a criticism. The work of a lawyer "
 "is always derivative, and I mean to do nothing more in this book than to "


@@ -554,7 +565,7 @@ msgid ""
 msgstr ""
 
 #. type: Content of: <book><preface><para>
 msgstr ""
 
 #. type: Content of: <book><preface><para>

-#: freeculture.xml:461
+#: freeculture.xml:464

 msgid ""
 "Instead, the free culture that I defend in this book is a balance between "
 "anarchy and control. A free culture, like a free market, is filled with "
 msgid ""
 "Instead, the free culture that I defend in this book is a balance between "
 "anarchy and control. A free culture, like a free market, is filled with "


@@ -566,55 +577,55 @@ msgid ""
 msgstr ""
 
 #. type: Content of: <book><chapter><title>
 msgstr ""
 
 #. type: Content of: <book><chapter><title>

-#: freeculture.xml:476
+#: freeculture.xml:479

 msgid "INTRODUCTION"
 msgstr ""
 
 #. type: Content of: <book><chapter><indexterm><primary>
 msgid "INTRODUCTION"
 msgstr ""
 
 #. type: Content of: <book><chapter><indexterm><primary>

-#: freeculture.xml:478
+#: freeculture.xml:480 freeculture.xml:583 freeculture.xml:1037
+msgid "Wright brothers"
+msgstr ""
+
+#. type: Content of: <book><chapter><para>
+#: freeculture.xml:482
+msgid ""
+"<emphasis role=\"strong\">On December 17</emphasis>, 1903, on a windy North "
+"Carolina beach for just shy of one hundred seconds, the Wright brothers "
+"demonstrated that a heavier-than-air, self-propelled vehicle could fly. The "
+"moment was electric and its importance widely understood. Almost "
+"immediately, there was an explosion of interest in this newfound technology "
+"of manned flight, and a gaggle of innovators began to build upon it."
+msgstr ""
+
+#. type: Content of: <book><chapter><indexterm><primary>
+#: freeculture.xml:489

 msgid "air traffic, land ownership vs."
 msgstr ""
 
 #. type: Content of: <book><chapter><section><section><indexterm><primary>
 msgid "air traffic, land ownership vs."
 msgstr ""
 
 #. type: Content of: <book><chapter><section><section><indexterm><primary>

-#: freeculture.xml:481 freeculture.xml:14070
+#: freeculture.xml:490 freeculture.xml:14238

 msgid "land ownership, air traffic and"
 msgstr ""
 
 #. type: Content of: <book><chapter><section><section><indexterm><primary>
 msgid "land ownership, air traffic and"
 msgstr ""
 
 #. type: Content of: <book><chapter><section><section><indexterm><primary>

-#: freeculture.xml:484 freeculture.xml:14072
+#: freeculture.xml:491 freeculture.xml:14239

 msgid "property rights"
 msgstr ""
 
 #. type: Content of: <book><chapter><section><section><indexterm><secondary>
 msgid "property rights"
 msgstr ""
 
 #. type: Content of: <book><chapter><section><section><indexterm><secondary>

-#: freeculture.xml:485 freeculture.xml:14073
+#: freeculture.xml:491 freeculture.xml:14239

 msgid "air traffic vs."
 msgstr ""
 
 msgid "air traffic vs."
 msgstr ""
 

-#. type: Content of: <book><chapter><indexterm><primary>
-#: freeculture.xml:487 freeculture.xml:583 freeculture.xml:1015
-msgid "Wright brothers"
-msgstr ""
-
-#. type: Content of: <book><chapter><para>
-#: freeculture.xml:489
-msgid ""
-"On December 17, 1903, on a windy North Carolina beach for just shy of one "
-"hundred seconds, the Wright brothers demonstrated that a heavier-than-air, "
-"self-propelled vehicle could fly. The moment was electric and its importance "
-"widely understood. Almost immediately, there was an explosion of interest in "
-"this newfound technology of manned flight, and a gaggle of innovators began "
-"to build upon it."
-msgstr ""
-

 #. type: Content of: <book><chapter><para><footnote><para>
 #. type: Content of: <book><chapter><para><footnote><para>

-#: freeculture.xml:501
+#: freeculture.xml:497

 msgid ""
 "St. George Tucker, <citetitle>Blackstone's Commentaries</citetitle> 3 (South "
 "Hackensack, N.J.: Rothman Reprints, 1969), 18."
 msgstr ""
 
 #. type: Content of: <book><chapter><para>
 msgid ""
 "St. George Tucker, <citetitle>Blackstone's Commentaries</citetitle> 3 (South "
 "Hackensack, N.J.: Rothman Reprints, 1969), 18."
 msgstr ""
 
 #. type: Content of: <book><chapter><para>

-#: freeculture.xml:497
+#: freeculture.xml:493

 msgid ""
 "At the time the Wright brothers invented the airplane, American law held "
 "that a property owner presumptively owned not just the surface of his land, "
 msgid ""
 "At the time the Wright brothers invented the airplane, American law held "
 "that a property owner presumptively owned not just the surface of his land, "


@@ -627,7 +638,7 @@ msgid ""
 msgstr ""
 
 #. type: Content of: <book><chapter><para>
 msgstr ""
 
 #. type: Content of: <book><chapter><para>

-#: freeculture.xml:510
+#: freeculture.xml:507

 msgid ""
 "Then came airplanes, and for the first time, this principle of American "
 "law&mdash;deep within the foundations of our tradition, and acknowledged by "
 msgid ""
 "Then came airplanes, and for the first time, this principle of American "
 "law&mdash;deep within the foundations of our tradition, and acknowledged by "


@@ -639,17 +650,17 @@ msgid ""
 msgstr ""
 
 #. type: Content of: <book><chapter><indexterm><primary>
 msgstr ""
 
 #. type: Content of: <book><chapter><indexterm><primary>

-#: freeculture.xml:518 freeculture.xml:531 freeculture.xml:562 freeculture.xml:581 freeculture.xml:996 freeculture.xml:1013 freeculture.xml:1060 freeculture.xml:9012 freeculture.xml:12456 freeculture.xml:13184
+#: freeculture.xml:515 freeculture.xml:528 freeculture.xml:561 freeculture.xml:581 freeculture.xml:1017 freeculture.xml:1035 freeculture.xml:1083 freeculture.xml:9150 freeculture.xml:12613 freeculture.xml:13348

 msgid "Causby, Thomas Lee"
 msgstr ""
 
 #. type: Content of: <book><chapter><indexterm><primary>
 msgid "Causby, Thomas Lee"
 msgstr ""
 
 #. type: Content of: <book><chapter><indexterm><primary>

-#: freeculture.xml:519 freeculture.xml:532 freeculture.xml:563 freeculture.xml:582 freeculture.xml:997 freeculture.xml:1014 freeculture.xml:1061 freeculture.xml:9013 freeculture.xml:12457 freeculture.xml:13185
+#: freeculture.xml:516 freeculture.xml:529 freeculture.xml:562 freeculture.xml:582 freeculture.xml:1018 freeculture.xml:1036 freeculture.xml:1084 freeculture.xml:9151 freeculture.xml:12614 freeculture.xml:13349

 msgid "Causby, Tinie"
 msgstr ""
 
 #. type: Content of: <book><chapter><para>
 msgid "Causby, Tinie"
 msgstr ""
 
 #. type: Content of: <book><chapter><para>

-#: freeculture.xml:521
+#: freeculture.xml:518

 msgid ""
 "In 1945, these questions became a federal case. When North Carolina farmers "
 "Thomas Lee and Tinie Causby started losing chickens because of low-flying "
 msgid ""
 "In 1945, these questions became a federal case. When North Carolina farmers "
 "Thomas Lee and Tinie Causby started losing chickens because of low-flying "


@@ -662,8 +673,23 @@ msgid ""
 "wanted it to stop."
 msgstr ""
 
 "wanted it to stop."
 msgstr ""
 

+#. type: Content of: <book><chapter><indexterm><primary>
+#: freeculture.xml:530
+msgid "Douglas, William O."
+msgstr ""
+
+#. type: Content of: <book><chapter><indexterm><primary>
+#: freeculture.xml:531
+msgid "Supreme Court, U.S."
+msgstr ""
+
+#. type: Content of: <book><chapter><indexterm><secondary>
+#: freeculture.xml:531
+msgid "on airspace vs. land rights"
+msgstr ""
+

 #. type: Content of: <book><chapter><para>
 #. type: Content of: <book><chapter><para>

-#: freeculture.xml:534
+#: freeculture.xml:533

 msgid ""
 "The Supreme Court agreed to hear the Causbys' case. Congress had declared "
 "the airways public, but if one's property really extended to the heavens, "
 msgid ""
 "The Supreme Court agreed to hear the Causbys' case. Congress had declared "
 "the airways public, but if one's property really extended to the heavens, "


@@ -676,7 +702,7 @@ msgid ""
 msgstr ""
 
 #. type: Content of: <book><chapter><blockquote><para><footnote><para>
 msgstr ""
 
 #. type: Content of: <book><chapter><blockquote><para><footnote><para>

-#: freeculture.xml:554
+#: freeculture.xml:553

 msgid ""
 "United States v. Causby, U.S. 328 (1946): 256, 261. The Court did find that "
 "there could be a <quote>taking</quote> if the government's use of its land "
 msgid ""
 "United States v. Causby, U.S. 328 (1946): 256, 261. The Court did find that "
 "there could be a <quote>taking</quote> if the government's use of its land "


@@ -690,7 +716,7 @@ msgid ""
 msgstr ""
 
 #. type: Content of: <book><chapter><blockquote><para>
 msgstr ""
 
 #. type: Content of: <book><chapter><blockquote><para>

-#: freeculture.xml:545
+#: freeculture.xml:544

 msgid ""
 "[The] doctrine has no place in the modern world. The air is a public "
 "highway, as Congress has declared. Were that not true, every "
 msgid ""
 "[The] doctrine has no place in the modern world. The air is a public "
 "highway, as Congress has declared. Were that not true, every "


@@ -703,7 +729,7 @@ msgid ""
 msgstr ""
 
 #. type: Content of: <book><chapter><para>
 msgstr ""
 
 #. type: Content of: <book><chapter><para>

-#: freeculture.xml:568
+#: freeculture.xml:567

 msgid "<quote>Common sense revolts at the idea.</quote>"
 msgstr ""
 
 msgid "<quote>Common sense revolts at the idea.</quote>"
 msgstr ""
 


@@ -743,27 +769,38 @@ msgid ""
 msgstr ""
 
 #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><section><indexterm><primary>
 msgstr ""
 
 #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><section><indexterm><primary>

-#: freeculture.xml:606 freeculture.xml:9020 freeculture.xml:9670
+#: freeculture.xml:606 freeculture.xml:9158 freeculture.xml:9813

 msgid "Armstrong, Edwin Howard"
 msgstr ""
 
 msgid "Armstrong, Edwin Howard"
 msgstr ""
 

-#. type: Content of: <book><chapter><para><indexterm><primary>
-#: freeculture.xml:620
+#. type: Content of: <book><chapter><indexterm><primary>
+#: freeculture.xml:607

 msgid "Bell, Alexander Graham"
 msgstr ""
 
 msgid "Bell, Alexander Graham"
 msgstr ""
 

-#. type: Content of: <book><chapter><para><indexterm><primary>
-#: freeculture.xml:621
+#. type: Content of: <book><chapter><indexterm><primary>
+#: freeculture.xml:608

 msgid "Edison, Thomas"
 msgstr ""
 
 msgid "Edison, Thomas"
 msgstr ""
 

-#. type: Content of: <book><chapter><para><indexterm><primary>
-#: freeculture.xml:622
+#. type: Content of: <book><chapter><indexterm><primary>
+#: freeculture.xml:609

 msgid "Faraday, Michael"
 msgstr ""
 
 msgid "Faraday, Michael"
 msgstr ""
 

+#. type: Content of: <book><chapter><indexterm><primary>
+#: freeculture.xml:610
+msgid "radio"
+msgstr ""
+
+#. type: Content of: <book><chapter><indexterm><secondary>
+#: freeculture.xml:610
+msgid "FM spectrum of"
+msgstr ""
+
+#.  PAGE BREAK 19 

 #. type: Content of: <book><chapter><para>
 #. type: Content of: <book><chapter><para>

-#: freeculture.xml:609
+#: freeculture.xml:612

 msgid ""
 "<emphasis role='strong'>Edwin Howard Armstrong</emphasis> is one of "
 "America's forgotten inventor geniuses. He came to the great American "
 msgid ""
 "<emphasis role='strong'>Edwin Howard Armstrong</emphasis> is one of "
 "America's forgotten inventor geniuses. He came to the great American "


@@ -774,8 +811,7 @@ msgid ""
 "discovered electric induction in 1831. But he had the same intuition about "
 "how the world of radio worked, and on at least three occasions, Armstrong "
 "invented profoundly important technologies that advanced our understanding "
 "discovered electric induction in 1831. But he had the same intuition about "
 "how the world of radio worked, and on at least three occasions, Armstrong "
 "invented profoundly important technologies that advanced our understanding "

-"of radio.  <placeholder type=\"indexterm\" id=\"0\"/> <placeholder "
-"type=\"indexterm\" id=\"1\"/> <placeholder type=\"indexterm\" id=\"2\"/>"
+"of radio."

 msgstr ""
 
 #. type: Content of: <book><chapter><para>
 msgstr ""
 
 #. type: Content of: <book><chapter><para>


@@ -827,9 +863,24 @@ msgid ""
 "type=\"footnote\" id=\"0\"/>"
 msgstr ""
 
 "type=\"footnote\" id=\"0\"/>"
 msgstr ""
 

+#. type: Content of: <book><chapter><indexterm><primary>
+#: freeculture.xml:662
+msgid "RCA"
+msgstr ""
+
+#. type: Content of: <book><chapter><indexterm><primary>
+#: freeculture.xml:663
+msgid "media"
+msgstr ""
+
+#. type: Content of: <book><chapter><indexterm><secondary>
+#: freeculture.xml:663
+msgid "ownership concentration in"
+msgstr ""
+

 #. PAGE BREAK 20
 #. type: Content of: <book><chapter><para>
 #. PAGE BREAK 20
 #. type: Content of: <book><chapter><para>

-#: freeculture.xml:663
+#: freeculture.xml:665

 msgid ""
 "As our own common sense tells us, Armstrong had discovered a vastly superior "
 "radio technology. But at the time of his invention, Armstrong was working "
 msgid ""
 "As our own common sense tells us, Armstrong had discovered a vastly superior "
 "radio technology. But at the time of his invention, Armstrong was working "


@@ -839,23 +890,23 @@ msgid ""
 "networks."
 msgstr ""
 
 "networks."
 msgstr ""
 

-#. type: Content of: <book><chapter><para><indexterm><primary>
-#: freeculture.xml:677 freeculture.xml:700
+#. type: Content of: <book><chapter><indexterm><primary>
+#: freeculture.xml:673 freeculture.xml:695

 msgid "Sarnoff, David"
 msgstr ""
 
 #. type: Content of: <book><chapter><para>
 msgid "Sarnoff, David"
 msgstr ""
 
 #. type: Content of: <book><chapter><para>

-#: freeculture.xml:672
+#: freeculture.xml:675

 msgid ""
 "RCA's president, David Sarnoff, a friend of Armstrong's, was eager that "
 "Armstrong discover a way to remove static from AM radio. So Sarnoff was "
 "quite excited when Armstrong told him he had a device that removed static "
 "from <quote>radio.</quote> But when Armstrong demonstrated his invention, "
 msgid ""
 "RCA's president, David Sarnoff, a friend of Armstrong's, was eager that "
 "Armstrong discover a way to remove static from AM radio. So Sarnoff was "
 "quite excited when Armstrong told him he had a device that removed static "
 "from <quote>radio.</quote> But when Armstrong demonstrated his invention, "

-"Sarnoff was not pleased.  <placeholder type=\"indexterm\" id=\"0\"/>"
+"Sarnoff was not pleased."

 msgstr ""
 
 #. type: Content of: <book><chapter><blockquote><para><footnote><para>
 msgstr ""
 
 #. type: Content of: <book><chapter><blockquote><para><footnote><para>

-#: freeculture.xml:684
+#: freeculture.xml:686

 msgid ""
 "See <quote>Saints: The Heroes and Geniuses of the Electronic Era,</quote> "
 "First Electronic Church of America, at www.webstationone.com/fecha, "
 msgid ""
 "See <quote>Saints: The Heroes and Geniuses of the Electronic Era,</quote> "
 "First Electronic Church of America, at www.webstationone.com/fecha, "


@@ -863,7 +914,7 @@ msgid ""
 msgstr ""
 
 #. type: Content of: <book><chapter><blockquote><para>
 msgstr ""
 
 #. type: Content of: <book><chapter><blockquote><para>

-#: freeculture.xml:681
+#: freeculture.xml:683

 msgid ""
 "I thought Armstrong would invent some kind of a filter to remove static from "
 "our AM radio. I didn't think he'd start a revolution&mdash; start up a whole "
 msgid ""
 "I thought Armstrong would invent some kind of a filter to remove static from "
 "our AM radio. I didn't think he'd start a revolution&mdash; start up a whole "


@@ -872,26 +923,30 @@ msgid ""
 msgstr ""
 
 #. type: Content of: <book><chapter><indexterm><primary>
 msgstr ""
 
 #. type: Content of: <book><chapter><indexterm><primary>

-#: freeculture.xml:693
-msgid "Lessing, Lawrence"
+#: freeculture.xml:694
+msgid "FM radio"

 msgstr ""
 
 #. type: Content of: <book><chapter><para>
 msgstr ""
 
 #. type: Content of: <book><chapter><para>

-#: freeculture.xml:696
+#: freeculture.xml:697

 msgid ""
 "Armstrong's invention threatened RCA's AM empire, so the company launched a "
 "campaign to smother FM radio. While FM may have been a superior technology, "
 msgid ""
 "Armstrong's invention threatened RCA's AM empire, so the company launched a "
 "campaign to smother FM radio. While FM may have been a superior technology, "

-"Sarnoff was a superior tactician.  As one author described, <placeholder "
-"type=\"indexterm\" id=\"0\"/>"
+"Sarnoff was a superior tactician.  As one author described,"
+msgstr ""
+
+#. type: Content of: <book><chapter><indexterm><primary>
+#: freeculture.xml:702
+msgid "Lessing, Lawrence"

 msgstr ""
 
 #. type: Content of: <book><chapter><blockquote><para><footnote><para>
 msgstr ""
 
 #. type: Content of: <book><chapter><blockquote><para><footnote><para>

-#: freeculture.xml:709
+#: freeculture.xml:710

 msgid "Lessing, 226."
 msgstr ""
 
 #. type: Content of: <book><chapter><blockquote><para>
 msgid "Lessing, 226."
 msgstr ""
 
 #. type: Content of: <book><chapter><blockquote><para>

-#: freeculture.xml:704
+#: freeculture.xml:705

 msgid ""
 "The forces for FM, largely engineering, could not overcome the weight of "
 "strategy devised by the sales, patent, and legal offices to subdue this "
 msgid ""
 "The forces for FM, largely engineering, could not overcome the weight of "
 "strategy devised by the sales, patent, and legal offices to subdue this "


@@ -901,8 +956,18 @@ msgid ""
 "grown to power.<placeholder type=\"footnote\" id=\"0\"/>"
 msgstr ""
 
 "grown to power.<placeholder type=\"footnote\" id=\"0\"/>"
 msgstr ""
 

-#. type: Content of: <book><chapter><para>
+#. type: Content of: <book><chapter><indexterm><primary>
+#: freeculture.xml:714
+msgid "FCC"
+msgstr ""
+
+#. type: Content of: <book><chapter><indexterm><secondary>

 #: freeculture.xml:714
 #: freeculture.xml:714

+msgid "on FM radio"
+msgstr ""
+
+#. type: Content of: <book><chapter><para>
+#: freeculture.xml:716

 msgid ""
 "RCA at first kept the technology in house, insisting that further tests were "
 "needed. When, after two years of testing, Armstrong grew impatient, RCA "
 msgid ""
 "RCA at first kept the technology in house, insisting that further tests were "
 "needed. When, after two years of testing, Armstrong grew impatient, RCA "


@@ -918,12 +983,12 @@ msgid ""
 msgstr ""
 
 #. type: Content of: <book><chapter><blockquote><para><footnote><para>
 msgstr ""
 
 #. type: Content of: <book><chapter><blockquote><para><footnote><para>

-#: freeculture.xml:733
+#: freeculture.xml:735

 msgid "Lessing, 256."
 msgstr ""
 
 #. type: Content of: <book><chapter><blockquote><para>
 msgid "Lessing, 256."
 msgstr ""
 
 #. type: Content of: <book><chapter><blockquote><para>

-#: freeculture.xml:729
+#: freeculture.xml:731

 msgid ""
 "The series of body blows that FM radio received right after the war, in a "
 "series of rulings manipulated through the FCC by the big radio interests, "
 msgid ""
 "The series of body blows that FM radio received right after the war, in a "
 "series of rulings manipulated through the FCC by the big radio interests, "


@@ -932,12 +997,12 @@ msgid ""
 msgstr ""
 
 #. type: Content of: <book><chapter><indexterm><primary>
 msgstr ""
 
 #. type: Content of: <book><chapter><indexterm><primary>

-#: freeculture.xml:738
+#: freeculture.xml:740

 msgid "AT&amp;T"
 msgstr ""
 
 #. type: Content of: <book><chapter><para>
 msgid "AT&amp;T"
 msgstr ""
 
 #. type: Content of: <book><chapter><para>

-#: freeculture.xml:740
+#: freeculture.xml:742

 msgid ""
 "To make room in the spectrum for RCA's latest gamble, television, FM radio "
 "users were to be moved to a totally new spectrum band. The power of FM radio "
 msgid ""
 "To make room in the spectrum for RCA's latest gamble, television, FM radio "
 "users were to be moved to a totally new spectrum band. The power of FM radio "


@@ -949,7 +1014,7 @@ msgid ""
 msgstr ""
 
 #. type: Content of: <book><chapter><para>
 msgstr ""
 
 #. type: Content of: <book><chapter><para>

-#: freeculture.xml:750
+#: freeculture.xml:754

 msgid ""
 "Armstrong resisted RCA's efforts. In response, RCA resisted Armstrong's "
 "patents. After incorporating FM technology into the emerging standard for "
 msgid ""
 "Armstrong resisted RCA's efforts. In response, RCA resisted Armstrong's "
 "patents. After incorporating FM technology into the emerging standard for "


@@ -964,7 +1029,7 @@ msgstr ""
 
 #. PAGE BREAK 22
 #. type: Content of: <book><chapter><para>
 
 #. PAGE BREAK 22
 #. type: Content of: <book><chapter><para>

-#: freeculture.xml:763
+#: freeculture.xml:768

 msgid ""
 "This is how the law sometimes works. Not often this tragically, and rarely "
 "with heroic drama, but sometimes, this is how it works. From the beginning, "
 msgid ""
 "This is how the law sometimes works. Not often this tragically, and rarely "
 "with heroic drama, but sometimes, this is how it works. From the beginning, "


@@ -979,8 +1044,18 @@ msgid ""
 "did not: the power to stifle the effect of technological change."
 msgstr ""
 
 "did not: the power to stifle the effect of technological change."
 msgstr ""
 

-#. type: Content of: <book><chapter><para><footnote><para>
+#. type: Content of: <book><part><partintro><indexterm><primary>
+#: freeculture.xml:785 freeculture.xml:1156
+msgid "Internet"
+msgstr ""
+
+#. type: Content of: <book><chapter><indexterm><secondary>

 #: freeculture.xml:785
 #: freeculture.xml:785

+msgid "development of"
+msgstr ""
+
+#. type: Content of: <book><chapter><para><footnote><para>
+#: freeculture.xml:793

 msgid ""
 "Amanda Lenhart, <quote>The Ever-Shifting Internet Population: A New Look at "
 "Internet Access and the Digital Divide,</quote> Pew Internet and American "
 msgid ""
 "Amanda Lenhart, <quote>The Ever-Shifting Internet Population: A New Look at "
 "Internet Access and the Digital Divide,</quote> Pew Internet and American "


@@ -989,18 +1064,19 @@ msgid ""
 msgstr ""
 
 #. type: Content of: <book><chapter><para>
 msgstr ""
 
 #. type: Content of: <book><chapter><para>

-#: freeculture.xml:779
+#: freeculture.xml:787

 msgid ""
 msgid ""

-"There's no single inventor of the Internet. Nor is there any good date upon "
-"which to mark its birth. Yet in a very short time, the Internet has become "
-"part of ordinary American life. According to the Pew Internet and American "
-"Life Project, 58 percent of Americans had access to the Internet in 2002, up "
-"from 49 percent two years before.<placeholder type=\"footnote\" id=\"0\"/> "
-"That number could well exceed two thirds of the nation by the end of 2004."
+"<emphasis role=\"strong\">There's no</emphasis> single inventor of the "
+"Internet. Nor is there any good date upon which to mark its birth. Yet in a "
+"very short time, the Internet has become part of ordinary American "
+"life. According to the Pew Internet and American Life Project, 58 percent of "
+"Americans had access to the Internet in 2002, up from 49 percent two years "
+"before.<placeholder type=\"footnote\" id=\"0\"/> That number could well "
+"exceed two thirds of the nation by the end of 2004."

 msgstr ""
 
 #. type: Content of: <book><chapter><para>
 msgstr ""
 
 #. type: Content of: <book><chapter><para>

-#: freeculture.xml:794
+#: freeculture.xml:802

 msgid ""
 "As the Internet has been integrated into ordinary life, it has changed "
 "things. Some of these changes are technical&mdash;the Internet has made "
 msgid ""
 "As the Internet has been integrated into ordinary life, it has changed "
 "things. Some of these changes are technical&mdash;the Internet has made "


@@ -1014,7 +1090,7 @@ msgid ""
 msgstr ""
 
 #. type: Content of: <book><chapter><para>
 msgstr ""
 
 #. type: Content of: <book><chapter><para>

-#: freeculture.xml:805
+#: freeculture.xml:813

 msgid ""
 "Instead, this book is about an effect of the Internet beyond the Internet "
 "itself: an effect upon how culture is made. My claim is that the Internet "
 msgid ""
 "Instead, this book is about an effect of the Internet beyond the Internet "
 "itself: an effect upon how culture is made. My claim is that the Internet "


@@ -1024,18 +1100,29 @@ msgid ""
 "don't even see the change that the Internet has introduced."
 msgstr ""
 
 "don't even see the change that the Internet has introduced."
 msgstr ""
 

-#. type: Content of: <book><chapter><para><indexterm><primary>
-#: freeculture.xml:824
+#. type: Content of: <book><chapter><indexterm><primary>
+#: freeculture.xml:822

 msgid "Barlow, Joel"
 msgstr ""
 
 msgid "Barlow, Joel"
 msgstr ""
 

-#. type: Content of: <book><chapter><para><indexterm><primary>
-#: freeculture.xml:825
+#. type: Content of: <book><chapter><indexterm><primary>
+#: freeculture.xml:823
+msgid "culture"
+msgstr ""
+
+#. type: Content of: <book><chapter><indexterm><secondary>
+#: freeculture.xml:823
+msgid "commercial vs. noncommercial"
+msgstr ""
+
+#. type: Content of: <book><chapter><indexterm><primary>
+#: freeculture.xml:824

 msgid "Webster, Noah"
 msgstr ""
 
 msgid "Webster, Noah"
 msgstr ""
 

+#.  PAGE BREAK 23 

 #. type: Content of: <book><chapter><para>
 #. type: Content of: <book><chapter><para>

-#: freeculture.xml:814
+#: freeculture.xml:826

 msgid ""
 "We can glimpse a sense of this change by distinguishing between commercial "
 "and noncommercial culture, and by mapping the law's regulation of each. By "
 msgid ""
 "We can glimpse a sense of this change by distinguishing between commercial "
 "and noncommercial culture, and by mapping the law's regulation of each. By "


@@ -1045,12 +1132,11 @@ msgid ""
 "street corners telling stories that kids and others consumed, that was "
 "noncommercial culture. When Noah Webster published his "
 "<quote>Reader,</quote> or Joel Barlow his poetry, that was commercial "
 "street corners telling stories that kids and others consumed, that was "
 "noncommercial culture. When Noah Webster published his "
 "<quote>Reader,</quote> or Joel Barlow his poetry, that was commercial "

-"culture.  <placeholder type=\"indexterm\" id=\"0\"/> <placeholder "
-"type=\"indexterm\" id=\"1\"/>"
+"culture."

 msgstr ""
 
 #. type: Content of: <book><chapter><para>
 msgstr ""
 
 #. type: Content of: <book><chapter><para>

-#: freeculture.xml:828
+#: freeculture.xml:838

 msgid ""
 "At the beginning of our history, and for just about the whole of our "
 "tradition, noncommercial culture was essentially unregulated. Of course, if "
 msgid ""
 "At the beginning of our history, and for just about the whole of our "
 "tradition, noncommercial culture was essentially unregulated. Of course, if "


@@ -1063,13 +1149,23 @@ msgid ""
 "tapes&mdash;were left alone by the law."
 msgstr ""
 
 "tapes&mdash;were left alone by the law."
 msgstr ""
 

+#. type: Content of: <book><chapter><indexterm><primary>
+#: freeculture.xml:848
+msgid "Copyright infringement lawsuits"
+msgstr ""
+
+#. type: Content of: <book><chapter><indexterm><secondary>
+#: freeculture.xml:848
+msgid "commercial creativity as primary purpose of"
+msgstr ""
+

 #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para><footnote><para><indexterm><primary>
 #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para><footnote><para><indexterm><primary>

-#: freeculture.xml:853 freeculture.xml:1887 freeculture.xml:1898
+#: freeculture.xml:864 freeculture.xml:1997 freeculture.xml:2009

 msgid "Brandeis, Louis D."
 msgstr ""
 
 #. type: Content of: <book><chapter><para><footnote><para>
 msgid "Brandeis, Louis D."
 msgstr ""
 
 #. type: Content of: <book><chapter><para><footnote><para>

-#: freeculture.xml:845
+#: freeculture.xml:856

 msgid ""
 "This is not the only purpose of copyright, though it is the overwhelmingly "
 "primary purpose of the copyright established in the federal constitution.  "
 msgid ""
 "This is not the only purpose of copyright, though it is the overwhelmingly "
 "primary purpose of the copyright established in the federal constitution.  "


@@ -1082,7 +1178,7 @@ msgid ""
 msgstr ""
 
 #. type: Content of: <book><chapter><para>
 msgstr ""
 
 #. type: Content of: <book><chapter><para>

-#: freeculture.xml:839
+#: freeculture.xml:850

 msgid ""
 "The focus of the law was on commercial creativity. At first slightly, then "
 "quite extensively, the law protected the incentives of creators by granting "
 msgid ""
 "The focus of the law was on commercial creativity. At first slightly, then "
 "quite extensively, the law protected the incentives of creators by granting "


@@ -1094,20 +1190,40 @@ msgid ""
 "a controlled part, balanced with the free."
 msgstr ""
 
 "a controlled part, balanced with the free."
 msgstr ""
 

+#. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><indexterm><primary>
+#: freeculture.xml:871 freeculture.xml:1757
+msgid "free culture"
+msgstr ""
+
+#. type: Content of: <book><chapter><indexterm><secondary>
+#: freeculture.xml:871
+msgid "permission culture vs."
+msgstr ""
+
+#. type: Content of: <book><chapter><indexterm><primary>
+#: freeculture.xml:872
+msgid "permission culture"
+msgstr ""
+
+#. type: Content of: <book><chapter><indexterm><secondary>
+#: freeculture.xml:872
+msgid "free culture vs."
+msgstr ""
+

 #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><section><para><footnote><para><indexterm><primary>
 #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><section><para><footnote><para><indexterm><primary>

-#: freeculture.xml:865 freeculture.xml:9561
+#: freeculture.xml:878 freeculture.xml:9706

 msgid "Litman, Jessica"
 msgstr ""
 
 #. type: Content of: <book><chapter><para><footnote><para>
 msgid "Litman, Jessica"
 msgstr ""
 
 #. type: Content of: <book><chapter><para><footnote><para>

-#: freeculture.xml:863
+#: freeculture.xml:876

 msgid ""
 "See Jessica Litman, <citetitle>Digital Copyright</citetitle> (New York: "
 "Prometheus Books, 2001), ch. 13.  <placeholder type=\"indexterm\" id=\"0\"/>"
 msgstr ""
 
 #. type: Content of: <book><chapter><para>
 msgid ""
 "See Jessica Litman, <citetitle>Digital Copyright</citetitle> (New York: "
 "Prometheus Books, 2001), ch. 13.  <placeholder type=\"indexterm\" id=\"0\"/>"
 msgstr ""
 
 #. type: Content of: <book><chapter><para>

-#: freeculture.xml:861
+#: freeculture.xml:874

 msgid ""
 "This rough divide between the free and the controlled has now been "
 "erased.<placeholder type=\"footnote\" id=\"0\"/> The Internet has set the "
 msgid ""
 "This rough divide between the free and the controlled has now been "
 "erased.<placeholder type=\"footnote\" id=\"0\"/> The Internet has set the "


@@ -1122,8 +1238,13 @@ msgid ""
 "more and more a permission culture."
 msgstr ""
 
 "more and more a permission culture."
 msgstr ""
 

+#. type: Content of: <book><chapter><indexterm><primary>
+#: freeculture.xml:892
+msgid "protection of artists vs. business interests"
+msgstr ""
+

 #. type: Content of: <book><chapter><para>
 #. type: Content of: <book><chapter><para>

-#: freeculture.xml:880
+#: freeculture.xml:894

 msgid ""
 "This change gets justified as necessary to protect commercial creativity.  "
 "And indeed, protectionism is precisely its motivation. But the protectionism "
 msgid ""
 "This change gets justified as necessary to protect commercial creativity.  "
 "And indeed, protectionism is precisely its motivation. But the protectionism "


@@ -1137,7 +1258,7 @@ msgid ""
 msgstr ""
 
 #. type: Content of: <book><chapter><para>
 msgstr ""
 
 #. type: Content of: <book><chapter><para>

-#: freeculture.xml:893
+#: freeculture.xml:908

 msgid ""
 "For the Internet has unleashed an extraordinary possibility for many to "
 "participate in the process of building and cultivating a culture that "
 msgid ""
 "For the Internet has unleashed an extraordinary possibility for many to "
 "participate in the process of building and cultivating a culture that "


@@ -1158,7 +1279,7 @@ msgid ""
 msgstr ""
 
 #. type: Content of: <book><chapter><para>
 msgstr ""
 
 #. type: Content of: <book><chapter><para>

-#: freeculture.xml:912
+#: freeculture.xml:927

 msgid ""
 "Yet, as I argue in the pages that follow, that is precisely what is "
 "happening in our culture today. These modern-day equivalents of the early "
 msgid ""
 "Yet, as I argue in the pages that follow, that is precisely what is "
 "happening in our culture today. These modern-day equivalents of the early "


@@ -1168,8 +1289,18 @@ msgid ""
 "to remake the Internet before the Internet remakes them."
 msgstr ""
 
 "to remake the Internet before the Internet remakes them."
 msgstr ""
 

+#. type: Content of: <book><chapter><indexterm><primary>
+#: freeculture.xml:936
+msgid "Valenti, Jack"
+msgstr ""
+
+#. type: Content of: <book><chapter><indexterm><secondary>
+#: freeculture.xml:936
+msgid "on creative property rights"
+msgstr ""
+

 #. type: Content of: <book><chapter><para><footnote><para>
 #. type: Content of: <book><chapter><para><footnote><para>

-#: freeculture.xml:929
+#: freeculture.xml:946

 msgid ""
 "Amy Harmon, <quote>Black Hawk Download: Moving Beyond Music, Pirates Use New "
 "Tools to Turn the Net into an Illicit Video Club,</quote> <citetitle>New "
 msgid ""
 "Amy Harmon, <quote>Black Hawk Download: Moving Beyond Music, Pirates Use New "
 "Tools to Turn the Net into an Illicit Video Club,</quote> <citetitle>New "


@@ -1177,7 +1308,7 @@ msgid ""
 msgstr ""
 
 #. type: Content of: <book><chapter><para>
 msgstr ""
 
 #. type: Content of: <book><chapter><para>

-#: freeculture.xml:921
+#: freeculture.xml:938

 msgid ""
 "It doesn't seem this way to many. The battles over copyright and the "
 "Internet seem remote to most. To the few who follow them, they seem mainly "
 msgid ""
 "It doesn't seem this way to many. The battles over copyright and the "
 "Internet seem remote to most. To the few who follow them, they seem mainly "


@@ -1193,7 +1324,7 @@ msgid ""
 msgstr ""
 
 #. type: Content of: <book><chapter><para>
 msgstr ""
 
 #. type: Content of: <book><chapter><para>

-#: freeculture.xml:938
+#: freeculture.xml:955

 msgid ""
 "If those really were the choices, then I would be with Jack Valenti and the "
 "content industry. I, too, am a believer in property, and especially in the "
 msgid ""
 "If those really were the choices, then I would be with Jack Valenti and the "
 "content industry. I, too, am a believer in property, and especially in the "


@@ -1204,7 +1335,7 @@ msgid ""
 msgstr ""
 
 #. type: Content of: <book><chapter><para>
 msgstr ""
 
 #. type: Content of: <book><chapter><para>

-#: freeculture.xml:946
+#: freeculture.xml:963

 msgid ""
 "But those simple beliefs mask a much more fundamental question and a much "
 "more dramatic change. My fear is that unless we come to see this change, the "
 msgid ""
 "But those simple beliefs mask a much more fundamental question and a much "
 "more dramatic change. My fear is that unless we come to see this change, the "


@@ -1212,13 +1343,38 @@ msgid ""
 "culture of values that have been integral to our tradition from the start."
 msgstr ""
 
 "culture of values that have been integral to our tradition from the start."
 msgstr ""
 

+#. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><indexterm><primary>
+#: freeculture.xml:968 freeculture.xml:10938
+msgid "Constitution, U.S."
+msgstr ""
+
+#. type: Content of: <book><chapter><indexterm><secondary>
+#: freeculture.xml:968
+msgid "First Amendment to"
+msgstr ""
+
+#. type: Content of: <book><part><partintro><indexterm><primary>
+#: freeculture.xml:969 freeculture.xml:1134
+msgid "Copyright law"
+msgstr ""
+
+#. type: Content of: <book><chapter><indexterm><secondary>
+#: freeculture.xml:969
+msgid "as protection of creators"
+msgstr ""
+
+#. type: Content of: <book><chapter><indexterm><primary>
+#: freeculture.xml:970
+msgid "First Amendment"
+msgstr ""
+

 #. type: Content of: <book><chapter><section><section><para><footnote><para><indexterm><primary>
 #. type: Content of: <book><chapter><section><section><para><footnote><para><indexterm><primary>

-#: freeculture.xml:960 freeculture.xml:14470
+#: freeculture.xml:971 freeculture.xml:981 freeculture.xml:14637

 msgid "Netanel, Neil Weinstock"
 msgstr ""
 
 #. type: Content of: <book><chapter><para><footnote><para>
 msgid "Netanel, Neil Weinstock"
 msgstr ""
 
 #. type: Content of: <book><chapter><para><footnote><para>

-#: freeculture.xml:958
+#: freeculture.xml:979

 msgid ""
 "Neil W. Netanel, <quote>Copyright and a Democratic Civil Society,</quote> "
 "<citetitle>Yale Law Journal</citetitle> 106 (1996): 283.  <placeholder "
 msgid ""
 "Neil W. Netanel, <quote>Copyright and a Democratic Civil Society,</quote> "
 "<citetitle>Yale Law Journal</citetitle> 106 (1996): 283.  <placeholder "


@@ -1226,7 +1382,7 @@ msgid ""
 msgstr ""
 
 #. type: Content of: <book><chapter><para>
 msgstr ""
 
 #. type: Content of: <book><chapter><para>

-#: freeculture.xml:952
+#: freeculture.xml:973

 msgid ""
 "These values built a tradition that, for at least the first 180 years of our "
 "Republic, guaranteed creators the right to build freely upon their past, and "
 msgid ""
 "These values built a tradition that, for at least the first 180 years of our "
 "Republic, guaranteed creators the right to build freely upon their past, and "


@@ -1240,7 +1396,7 @@ msgid ""
 msgstr ""
 
 #. type: Content of: <book><chapter><para>
 msgstr ""
 
 #. type: Content of: <book><chapter><para>

-#: freeculture.xml:968
+#: freeculture.xml:989

 msgid ""
 "Yet the law's response to the Internet, when tied to changes in the "
 "technology of the Internet itself, has massively increased the effective "
 msgid ""
 "Yet the law's response to the Internet, when tied to changes in the "
 "technology of the Internet itself, has massively increased the effective "


@@ -1253,7 +1409,7 @@ msgid ""
 msgstr ""
 
 #. type: Content of: <book><chapter><para>
 msgstr ""
 
 #. type: Content of: <book><chapter><para>

-#: freeculture.xml:980
+#: freeculture.xml:1001

 msgid ""
 "The story that follows is about this war. Is it not about the "
 "<quote>centrality of technology</quote> to ordinary life. I don't believe in "
 msgid ""
 "The story that follows is about this war. Is it not about the "
 "<quote>centrality of technology</quote> to ordinary life. I don't believe in "


@@ -1263,7 +1419,7 @@ msgid ""
 msgstr ""
 
 #. type: Content of: <book><chapter><para>
 msgstr ""
 
 #. type: Content of: <book><chapter><para>

-#: freeculture.xml:988
+#: freeculture.xml:1009

 msgid ""
 "It is instead an effort to understand a hopelessly destructive war inspired "
 "by the technologies of the Internet but reaching far beyond its code. And by "
 msgid ""
 "It is instead an effort to understand a hopelessly destructive war inspired "
 "by the technologies of the Internet but reaching far beyond its code. And by "


@@ -1274,27 +1430,32 @@ msgid ""
 "war. We must resolve it soon."
 msgstr ""
 
 "war. We must resolve it soon."
 msgstr ""
 

+#. type: Content of: <book><chapter><indexterm><primary>
+#: freeculture.xml:1019
+msgid "intellectual property rights"
+msgstr ""
+

 #. type: Content of: <book><chapter><para>
 #. type: Content of: <book><chapter><para>

-#: freeculture.xml:999
-msgid ""
-"Like the Causbys' battle, this war is, in part, about "
-"<quote>property.</quote> The property of this war is not as tangible as the "
-"Causbys', and no innocent chicken has yet to lose its life. Yet the ideas "
-"surrounding this <quote>property</quote> are as obvious to most as the "
-"Causbys' claim about the sacredness of their farm was to them. We are the "
-"Causbys. Most of us take for granted the extraordinarily powerful claims "
-"that the owners of <quote>intellectual property</quote> now assert. Most of "
-"us, like the Causbys, treat these claims as obvious. And hence we, like the "
-"Causbys, object when a new technology interferes with this property. It is "
-"as plain to us as it was to them that the new technologies of the Internet "
-"are <quote>trespassing</quote> upon legitimate claims of "
-"<quote>property.</quote> It is as plain to us as it was to them that the law "
-"should intervene to stop this trespass."
+#: freeculture.xml:1021
+msgid ""
+"<emphasis role=\"strong\">Like the Causbys'</emphasis> battle, this war is, "
+"in part, about <quote>property.</quote> The property of this war is not as "
+"tangible as the Causbys', and no innocent chicken has yet to lose its "
+"life. Yet the ideas surrounding this <quote>property</quote> are as obvious "
+"to most as the Causbys' claim about the sacredness of their farm was to "
+"them. We are the Causbys. Most of us take for granted the extraordinarily "
+"powerful claims that the owners of <quote>intellectual property</quote> now "
+"assert. Most of us, like the Causbys, treat these claims as obvious. And "
+"hence we, like the Causbys, object when a new technology interferes with "
+"this property. It is as plain to us as it was to them that the new "
+"technologies of the Internet are <quote>trespassing</quote> upon legitimate "
+"claims of <quote>property.</quote> It is as plain to us as it was to them "
+"that the law should intervene to stop this trespass."

 msgstr ""
 
 #. PAGE BREAK 27
 #. type: Content of: <book><chapter><para>
 msgstr ""
 
 #. PAGE BREAK 27
 #. type: Content of: <book><chapter><para>

-#: freeculture.xml:1017
+#: freeculture.xml:1039

 msgid ""
 "And thus, when geeks and technologists defend their Armstrong or Wright "
 "brothers technology, most of us are simply unsympathetic.  Common sense does "
 msgid ""
 "And thus, when geeks and technologists defend their Armstrong or Wright "
 "brothers technology, most of us are simply unsympathetic.  Common sense does "


@@ -1304,7 +1465,7 @@ msgid ""
 msgstr ""
 
 #. type: Content of: <book><chapter><para>
 msgstr ""
 
 #. type: Content of: <book><chapter><para>

-#: freeculture.xml:1027
+#: freeculture.xml:1050

 msgid ""
 "My hope is to push this common sense along. I have become increasingly "
 "amazed by the power of this idea of intellectual property and, more "
 msgid ""
 "My hope is to push this common sense along. I have become increasingly "
 "amazed by the power of this idea of intellectual property and, more "


@@ -1317,7 +1478,7 @@ msgid ""
 msgstr ""
 
 #. type: Content of: <book><chapter><para>
 msgstr ""
 
 #. type: Content of: <book><chapter><para>

-#: freeculture.xml:1037
+#: freeculture.xml:1060

 msgid ""
 "The puzzle is, Why? Is it because we have come to understand a truth about "
 "the value and importance of absolute property over ideas and culture? Is it "
 msgid ""
 "The puzzle is, Why? Is it because we have come to understand a truth about "
 "the value and importance of absolute property over ideas and culture? Is it "


@@ -1326,14 +1487,14 @@ msgid ""
 msgstr ""
 
 #. type: Content of: <book><chapter><para>
 msgstr ""
 
 #. type: Content of: <book><chapter><para>

-#: freeculture.xml:1043
+#: freeculture.xml:1066

 msgid ""
 "Or is it because the idea of absolute property over ideas and culture "
 "benefits the RCAs of our time and fits our own unreflective intuitions?"
 msgstr ""
 
 #. type: Content of: <book><chapter><para>
 msgid ""
 "Or is it because the idea of absolute property over ideas and culture "
 "benefits the RCAs of our time and fits our own unreflective intuitions?"
 msgstr ""
 
 #. type: Content of: <book><chapter><para>

-#: freeculture.xml:1047
+#: freeculture.xml:1070

 msgid ""
 "Is the radical shift away from our tradition of free culture an instance of "
 "America correcting a mistake from its past, as we did after a bloody war "
 msgid ""
 "Is the radical shift away from our tradition of free culture an instance of "
 "America correcting a mistake from its past, as we did after a bloody war "


@@ -1343,7 +1504,7 @@ msgid ""
 msgstr ""
 
 #. type: Content of: <book><chapter><para>
 msgstr ""
 
 #. type: Content of: <book><chapter><para>

-#: freeculture.xml:1054
+#: freeculture.xml:1077

 msgid ""
 "Does common sense lead to the extremes on this question because common sense "
 "actually believes in these extremes? Or does common sense stand silent in "
 msgid ""
 "Does common sense lead to the extremes on this question because common sense "
 "actually believes in these extremes? Or does common sense stand silent in "


@@ -1353,7 +1514,7 @@ msgstr ""
 
 #.  PAGE BREAK 28 
 #. type: Content of: <book><chapter><para>
 
 #.  PAGE BREAK 28 
 #. type: Content of: <book><chapter><para>

-#: freeculture.xml:1063
+#: freeculture.xml:1086

 msgid ""
 "I don't mean to be mysterious. My own views are resolved. I believe it was "
 "right for common sense to revolt against the extremism of the Causbys. I "
 msgid ""
 "I don't mean to be mysterious. My own views are resolved. I believe it was "
 "right for common sense to revolt against the extremism of the Causbys. I "


@@ -1365,15 +1526,15 @@ msgid ""
 msgstr ""
 
 #. type: Content of: <book><chapter><para>
 msgstr ""
 
 #. type: Content of: <book><chapter><para>

-#: freeculture.xml:1073
+#: freeculture.xml:1097

 msgid ""
 msgid ""

-"The struggle that rages just now centers on two ideas: <quote>piracy</quote> "
-"and <quote>property.</quote> My aim in this book's next two parts is to "
-"explore these two ideas."
+"<emphasis role=\"strong\">The struggle</emphasis> that rages just now "
+"centers on two ideas: <quote>piracy</quote> and <quote>property.</quote> My "
+"aim in this book's next two parts is to explore these two ideas."

 msgstr ""
 
 #. type: Content of: <book><chapter><para>
 msgstr ""
 
 #. type: Content of: <book><chapter><para>

-#: freeculture.xml:1078
+#: freeculture.xml:1102

 msgid ""
 "My method is not the usual method of an academic. I don't want to plunge you "
 "into a complex argument, buttressed with references to obscure French "
 msgid ""
 "My method is not the usual method of an academic. I don't want to plunge you "
 "into a complex argument, buttressed with references to obscure French "


@@ -1384,7 +1545,7 @@ msgid ""
 msgstr ""
 
 #. type: Content of: <book><chapter><para>
 msgstr ""
 
 #. type: Content of: <book><chapter><para>

-#: freeculture.xml:1086
+#: freeculture.xml:1110

 msgid ""
 "The two sections set up the core claim of this book: that while the Internet "
 "has indeed produced something fantastic and new, our government, pushed by "
 msgid ""
 "The two sections set up the core claim of this book: that while the Internet "
 "has indeed produced something fantastic and new, our government, pushed by "


@@ -1398,7 +1559,7 @@ msgid ""
 msgstr ""
 
 #. type: Content of: <book><chapter><para>
 msgstr ""
 
 #. type: Content of: <book><chapter><para>

-#: freeculture.xml:1097
+#: freeculture.xml:1121

 msgid ""
 "We allow this, I believe, not because it is right, and not because most of "
 "us really believe in these changes. We allow it because the interests most "
 msgid ""
 "We allow this, I believe, not because it is right, and not because most of "
 "us really believe in these changes. We allow it because the interests most "


@@ -1409,20 +1570,36 @@ msgid ""
 msgstr ""
 
 #. type: Content of: <book><part><title>
 msgstr ""
 
 #. type: Content of: <book><part><title>

-#: freeculture.xml:1107
+#: freeculture.xml:1131

 msgid "<quote>PIRACY</quote>"
 msgstr ""
 
 msgid "<quote>PIRACY</quote>"
 msgstr ""
 

+#. type: Content of: <book><part><partintro><indexterm><secondary>
+#: freeculture.xml:1134
+msgid "English"
+msgstr ""
+

 #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><indexterm><primary>
 #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><indexterm><primary>

-#: freeculture.xml:1111 freeculture.xml:4820
+#: freeculture.xml:1135 freeculture.xml:4961

 msgid "Mansfield, William Murray, Lord"
 msgstr ""
 
 msgid "Mansfield, William Murray, Lord"
 msgstr ""
 

+#. type: Content of: <book><part><partintro><indexterm><primary>
+#: freeculture.xml:1136
+msgid "music publishing"
+msgstr ""
+
+#. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><section><indexterm><primary>
+#: freeculture.xml:1137 freeculture.xml:3160
+msgid "sheet music"
+msgstr ""
+

 #. type: Content of: <book><part><partintro><para>
 #. type: Content of: <book><part><partintro><para>

-#: freeculture.xml:1114
+#: freeculture.xml:1139

 msgid ""
 msgid ""

-"Since the inception of the law regulating creative property, there has been "
-"a war against <quote>piracy.</quote> The precise contours of this concept, "
+"<emphasis role=\"strong\">Since the inception</emphasis> of the law "
+"regulating creative property, there has been a war against "
+"<quote>piracy.</quote> The precise contours of this concept, "

 "<quote>piracy,</quote> are hard to sketch, but the animating injustice is "
 "easy to capture.  As Lord Mansfield wrote in a case that extended the reach "
 "of English copyright law to include sheet music,"
 "<quote>piracy,</quote> are hard to sketch, but the animating injustice is "
 "easy to capture.  As Lord Mansfield wrote in a case that extended the reach "
 "of English copyright law to include sheet music,"


@@ -1430,23 +1607,38 @@ msgstr ""
 
 #.  f1 
 #. type: Content of: <book><part><partintro><blockquote><para><footnote><para>
 
 #.  f1 
 #. type: Content of: <book><part><partintro><blockquote><para><footnote><para>

-#: freeculture.xml:1126
+#: freeculture.xml:1151

 msgid ""
 "<citetitle>Bach</citetitle> v. <citetitle>Longman</citetitle>, 98 "
 "Eng. Rep. 1274 (1777) (Mansfield)."
 msgstr ""
 
 #. type: Content of: <book><part><partintro><blockquote><para>
 msgid ""
 "<citetitle>Bach</citetitle> v. <citetitle>Longman</citetitle>, 98 "
 "Eng. Rep. 1274 (1777) (Mansfield)."
 msgstr ""
 
 #. type: Content of: <book><part><partintro><blockquote><para>

-#: freeculture.xml:1122
+#: freeculture.xml:1147

 msgid ""
 "A person may use the copy by playing it, but he has no right to rob the "
 "author of the profit, by multiplying copies and disposing of them for his "
 "own use.<placeholder type=\"footnote\" id=\"0\"/>"
 msgstr ""
 
 msgid ""
 "A person may use the copy by playing it, but he has no right to rob the "
 "author of the profit, by multiplying copies and disposing of them for his "
 "own use.<placeholder type=\"footnote\" id=\"0\"/>"
 msgstr ""
 

+#. type: Content of: <book><part><partintro><indexterm><secondary>
+#: freeculture.xml:1156
+msgid "efficient content distribution on"
+msgstr ""
+
+#. type: Content of: <book><part><partintro><indexterm><primary>
+#: freeculture.xml:1157
+msgid "peer-to-peer (p2p) file sharing"
+msgstr ""
+
+#. type: Content of: <book><part><partintro><indexterm><secondary>
+#: freeculture.xml:1157
+msgid "efficiency of"
+msgstr ""
+

 #.  PAGE BREAK 31 
 #. type: Content of: <book><part><partintro><para>
 #.  PAGE BREAK 31 
 #. type: Content of: <book><part><partintro><para>

-#: freeculture.xml:1132
+#: freeculture.xml:1159

 msgid ""
 "Today we are in the middle of another <quote>war</quote> against "
 "<quote>piracy.</quote> The Internet has provoked this war. The Internet "
 msgid ""
 "Today we are in the middle of another <quote>war</quote> against "
 "<quote>piracy.</quote> The Internet has provoked this war. The Internet "


@@ -1457,7 +1649,7 @@ msgid ""
 msgstr ""
 
 #. type: Content of: <book><part><partintro><para>
 msgstr ""
 
 #. type: Content of: <book><part><partintro><para>

-#: freeculture.xml:1141
+#: freeculture.xml:1168

 msgid ""
 "This efficiency does not respect the traditional lines of copyright.  The "
 "network doesn't discriminate between the sharing of copyrighted and "
 msgid ""
 "This efficiency does not respect the traditional lines of copyright.  The "
 "network doesn't discriminate between the sharing of copyrighted and "


@@ -1467,7 +1659,7 @@ msgid ""
 msgstr ""
 
 #. type: Content of: <book><part><partintro><para>
 msgstr ""
 
 #. type: Content of: <book><part><partintro><para>

-#: freeculture.xml:1149
+#: freeculture.xml:1177

 msgid ""
 "The warriors have turned to the courts, to the legislatures, and "
 "increasingly to technology to defend their <quote>property</quote> against "
 msgid ""
 "The warriors have turned to the courts, to the legislatures, and "
 "increasingly to technology to defend their <quote>property</quote> against "


@@ -1478,7 +1670,7 @@ msgid ""
 msgstr ""
 
 #. type: Content of: <book><part><partintro><para>
 msgstr ""
 
 #. type: Content of: <book><part><partintro><para>

-#: freeculture.xml:1157
+#: freeculture.xml:1185

 msgid ""
 "There's no doubt that <quote>piracy</quote> is wrong, and that pirates "
 "should be punished. But before we summon the executioners, we should put "
 msgid ""
 "There's no doubt that <quote>piracy</quote> is wrong, and that pirates "
 "should be punished. But before we summon the executioners, we should put "


@@ -1488,12 +1680,12 @@ msgid ""
 msgstr ""
 
 #. type: Content of: <book><part><partintro><para>
 msgstr ""
 
 #. type: Content of: <book><part><partintro><para>

-#: freeculture.xml:1163
+#: freeculture.xml:1191

 msgid "The idea goes something like this:"
 msgstr ""
 
 #. type: Content of: <book><part><partintro><blockquote><para>
 msgid "The idea goes something like this:"
 msgstr ""
 
 #. type: Content of: <book><part><partintro><blockquote><para>

-#: freeculture.xml:1167
+#: freeculture.xml:1195

 msgid ""
 "Creative work has value; whenever I use, or take, or build upon the creative "
 "work of others, I am taking from them something of value. Whenever I take "
 msgid ""
 "Creative work has value; whenever I use, or take, or build upon the creative "
 "work of others, I am taking from them something of value. Whenever I take "


@@ -1503,18 +1695,38 @@ msgid ""
 msgstr ""
 
 #. type: Content of: <book><part><partintro><indexterm><primary>
 msgstr ""
 
 #. type: Content of: <book><part><partintro><indexterm><primary>

-#: freeculture.xml:1175
+#: freeculture.xml:1203
+msgid "ASCAP"
+msgstr ""
+
+#. type: Content of: <book><part><partintro><indexterm><primary>
+#: freeculture.xml:1204

 msgid "Dreyfuss, Rochelle"
 msgstr ""
 
 msgid "Dreyfuss, Rochelle"
 msgstr ""
 

+#. type: Content of: <book><part><partintro><indexterm><primary>
+#: freeculture.xml:1205
+msgid "Girl Scouts"
+msgstr ""
+
+#. type: Content of: <book><part><partintro><indexterm><primary>
+#: freeculture.xml:1206
+msgid "creative property"
+msgstr ""
+
+#. type: Content of: <book><part><partintro><indexterm><secondary>
+#: freeculture.xml:1206
+msgid "<quote>if value, then right</quote> theory of"
+msgstr ""
+

 #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><indexterm><primary>
 #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><indexterm><primary>

-#: freeculture.xml:1177 freeculture.xml:2851
+#: freeculture.xml:1207 freeculture.xml:2969

 msgid "<quote>if value, then right</quote> theory"
 msgstr ""
 
 #.  f2 
 #. type: Content of: <book><part><partintro><para><footnote><para>
 msgid "<quote>if value, then right</quote> theory"
 msgstr ""
 
 #.  f2 
 #. type: Content of: <book><part><partintro><para><footnote><para>

-#: freeculture.xml:1184
+#: freeculture.xml:1213

 msgid ""
 "See Rochelle Dreyfuss, <quote>Expressive Genericity: Trademarks as Language "
 "in the Pepsi Generation,</quote> <citetitle>Notre Dame Law "
 msgid ""
 "See Rochelle Dreyfuss, <quote>Expressive Genericity: Trademarks as Language "
 "in the Pepsi Generation,</quote> <citetitle>Notre Dame Law "


@@ -1522,12 +1734,12 @@ msgid ""
 msgstr ""
 
 #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><section><para><footnote><para><indexterm><primary>
 msgstr ""
 
 #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><section><para><footnote><para><indexterm><primary>

-#: freeculture.xml:1197 freeculture.xml:6964
+#: freeculture.xml:1226 freeculture.xml:7117

 msgid "Zittrain, Jonathan"
 msgstr ""
 
 #. type: Content of: <book><part><partintro><para><footnote><para>
 msgid "Zittrain, Jonathan"
 msgstr ""
 
 #. type: Content of: <book><part><partintro><para><footnote><para>

-#: freeculture.xml:1192
+#: freeculture.xml:1221

 msgid ""
 "Lisa Bannon, <quote>The Birds May Sing, but Campers Can't Unless They Pay "
 "Up,</quote> <citetitle>Wall Street Journal</citetitle>, 21 August 1996, "
 msgid ""
 "Lisa Bannon, <quote>The Birds May Sing, but Campers Can't Unless They Pay "
 "Up,</quote> <citetitle>Wall Street Journal</citetitle>, 21 August 1996, "


@@ -1539,7 +1751,7 @@ msgid ""
 msgstr ""
 
 #. type: Content of: <book><part><partintro><para>
 msgstr ""
 
 #. type: Content of: <book><part><partintro><para>

-#: freeculture.xml:1180
+#: freeculture.xml:1209

 msgid ""
 "This view runs deep within the current debates. It is what NYU law professor "
 "Rochelle Dreyfuss criticizes as the <quote>if value, then right</quote> "
 msgid ""
 "This view runs deep within the current debates. It is what NYU law professor "
 "Rochelle Dreyfuss criticizes as the <quote>if value, then right</quote> "


@@ -1552,14 +1764,9 @@ msgid ""
 "<quote>right</quote>&mdash;even against the Girl Scouts."
 msgstr ""
 
 "<quote>right</quote>&mdash;even against the Girl Scouts."
 msgstr ""
 

-#. type: Content of: <book><part><partintro><indexterm><primary>
-#: freeculture.xml:1202
-msgid "ASCAP"
-msgstr ""
-

 #.  PAGE BREAK 32 
 #. type: Content of: <book><part><partintro><para>
 #.  PAGE BREAK 32 
 #. type: Content of: <book><part><partintro><para>

-#: freeculture.xml:1204
+#: freeculture.xml:1233

 msgid ""
 "This idea is certainly a possible understanding of how creative property "
 "should work. It might well be a possible design for a system of law "
 msgid ""
 "This idea is certainly a possible understanding of how creative property "
 "should work. It might well be a possible design for a system of law "


@@ -1568,8 +1775,28 @@ msgid ""
 "property.  It has never taken hold within our law."
 msgstr ""
 
 "property.  It has never taken hold within our law."
 msgstr ""
 

+#. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><indexterm><primary>
+#: freeculture.xml:1241 freeculture.xml:1266 freeculture.xml:1610 freeculture.xml:1654 freeculture.xml:1768
+msgid "copyright law"
+msgstr ""
+
+#. type: Content of: <book><part><partintro><indexterm><secondary>
+#: freeculture.xml:1241
+msgid "on republishing vs. transformation of original work"
+msgstr ""
+
+#. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><indexterm><primary>
+#: freeculture.xml:1242 freeculture.xml:1424 freeculture.xml:1581
+msgid "creativity"
+msgstr ""
+
+#. type: Content of: <book><part><partintro><indexterm><secondary>
+#: freeculture.xml:1242
+msgid "legal restrictions on"
+msgstr ""
+

 #. type: Content of: <book><part><partintro><para>
 #. type: Content of: <book><part><partintro><para>

-#: freeculture.xml:1213
+#: freeculture.xml:1244

 msgid ""
 "Instead, in our tradition, intellectual property is an instrument. It sets "
 "the groundwork for a richly creative society but remains subservient to the "
 msgid ""
 "Instead, in our tradition, intellectual property is an instrument. It sets "
 "the groundwork for a richly creative society but remains subservient to the "


@@ -1579,7 +1806,7 @@ msgid ""
 msgstr ""
 
 #. type: Content of: <book><part><partintro><para>
 msgstr ""
 
 #. type: Content of: <book><part><partintro><para>

-#: freeculture.xml:1220
+#: freeculture.xml:1251

 msgid ""
 "The source of this confusion is a distinction that the law no longer takes "
 "care to draw&mdash;the distinction between republishing someone's work on "
 msgid ""
 "The source of this confusion is a distinction that the law no longer takes "
 "care to draw&mdash;the distinction between republishing someone's work on "


@@ -1589,7 +1816,7 @@ msgid ""
 msgstr ""
 
 #. type: Content of: <book><part><partintro><para>
 msgstr ""
 
 #. type: Content of: <book><part><partintro><para>

-#: freeculture.xml:1227
+#: freeculture.xml:1259

 msgid ""
 "Before the technologies of the Internet, this conflation didn't matter all "
 "that much. The technologies of publishing were expensive; that meant the "
 msgid ""
 "Before the technologies of the Internet, this conflation didn't matter all "
 "that much. The technologies of publishing were expensive; that meant the "


@@ -1598,18 +1825,23 @@ msgid ""
 "copyright law has become. It was just one more expense of doing business."
 msgstr ""
 
 "copyright law has become. It was just one more expense of doing business."
 msgstr ""
 

+#. type: Content of: <book><part><partintro><indexterm><secondary>
+#: freeculture.xml:1266
+msgid "creativity impeded by"
+msgstr ""
+

 #. type: Content of: <book><part><partintro><para><footnote><para><indexterm><primary>
 #. type: Content of: <book><part><partintro><para><footnote><para><indexterm><primary>

-#: freeculture.xml:1234 freeculture.xml:1265
+#: freeculture.xml:1267 freeculture.xml:1298

 msgid "Florida, Richard"
 msgstr ""
 
 #. type: Content of: <book><part><partintro><para><footnote><para><indexterm><primary>
 msgid "Florida, Richard"
 msgstr ""
 
 #. type: Content of: <book><part><partintro><para><footnote><para><indexterm><primary>

-#: freeculture.xml:1235 freeculture.xml:1266
+#: freeculture.xml:1268 freeculture.xml:1299

 msgid "Rise of the Creative Class, The (Florida)"
 msgstr ""
 
 #. type: Content of: <book><part><partintro><para><footnote><para>
 msgid "Rise of the Creative Class, The (Florida)"
 msgstr ""
 
 #. type: Content of: <book><part><partintro><para><footnote><para>

-#: freeculture.xml:1257
+#: freeculture.xml:1290

 msgid ""
 "In <citetitle>The Rise of the Creative Class</citetitle> (New York: Basic "
 "Books, 2002), Richard Florida documents a shift in the nature of labor "
 msgid ""
 "In <citetitle>The Rise of the Creative Class</citetitle> (New York: Basic "
 "Books, 2002), Richard Florida documents a shift in the nature of labor "


@@ -1622,7 +1854,7 @@ msgid ""
 msgstr ""
 
 #. type: Content of: <book><part><partintro><para>
 msgstr ""
 
 #. type: Content of: <book><part><partintro><para>

-#: freeculture.xml:1237
+#: freeculture.xml:1270

 msgid ""
 "But with the birth of the Internet, this natural limit to the reach of the "
 "law has disappeared. The law controls not just the creativity of commercial "
 msgid ""
 "But with the birth of the Internet, this natural limit to the reach of the "
 "law has disappeared. The law controls not just the creativity of commercial "


@@ -1644,7 +1876,7 @@ msgid ""
 msgstr ""
 
 #. type: Content of: <book><part><partintro><para>
 msgstr ""
 
 #. type: Content of: <book><part><partintro><para>

-#: freeculture.xml:1272
+#: freeculture.xml:1306

 msgid ""
 "These burdens make no sense in our tradition. We should begin by "
 "understanding that tradition a bit more and by placing in their proper "
 msgid ""
 "These burdens make no sense in our tradition. We should begin by "
 "understanding that tradition a bit more and by placing in their proper "


@@ -1652,28 +1884,58 @@ msgid ""
 msgstr ""
 
 #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><title>
 msgstr ""
 
 #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><title>

-#: freeculture.xml:1280
+#: freeculture.xml:1314

 msgid "CHAPTER ONE: Creators"
 msgstr ""
 
 #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><indexterm><primary>
 msgid "CHAPTER ONE: Creators"
 msgstr ""
 
 #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><indexterm><primary>

-#: freeculture.xml:1282
+#: freeculture.xml:1315

 msgid "animated cartoons"
 msgstr ""
 
 msgid "animated cartoons"
 msgstr ""
 

+#. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><indexterm><primary>
+#: freeculture.xml:1316
+msgid "cartoon films"
+msgstr ""
+
+#. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><indexterm><primary>
+#: freeculture.xml:1317 freeculture.xml:5834 freeculture.xml:5877
+msgid "films"
+msgstr ""
+
+#. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><indexterm><secondary>
+#: freeculture.xml:1317
+msgid "animated"
+msgstr ""
+
+#. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><indexterm><primary>
+#: freeculture.xml:1318
+msgid "Steamboat Willie"
+msgstr ""
+
+#. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><section><indexterm><primary>
+#: freeculture.xml:1319 freeculture.xml:7141
+msgid "Mickey Mouse"
+msgstr ""
+

 #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para>
 #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para>

-#: freeculture.xml:1285
+#: freeculture.xml:1321

 msgid ""
 msgid ""

-"In 1928, a cartoon character was born. An early Mickey Mouse made his debut "
-"in May of that year, in a silent flop called <citetitle>Plane "
-"Crazy</citetitle>.  In November, in New York City's Colony Theater, in the "
-"first widely distributed cartoon synchronized with sound, "
-"<citetitle>Steamboat Willie</citetitle> brought to life the character that "
-"would become Mickey Mouse."
+"<emphasis role=\"strong\">In 1928</emphasis>, a cartoon character was "
+"born. An early Mickey Mouse made his debut in May of that year, in a silent "
+"flop called <citetitle>Plane Crazy</citetitle>.  In November, in New York "
+"City's Colony Theater, in the first widely distributed cartoon synchronized "
+"with sound, <citetitle>Steamboat Willie</citetitle> brought to life the "
+"character that would become Mickey Mouse."
+msgstr ""
+
+#. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><indexterm><primary>
+#: freeculture.xml:1327 freeculture.xml:1544 freeculture.xml:1598 freeculture.xml:1739 freeculture.xml:1985 freeculture.xml:4446 freeculture.xml:6009 freeculture.xml:7140 freeculture.xml:10560 freeculture.xml:10941
+msgid "Disney, Walt"

 msgstr ""
 
 #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para>
 msgstr ""
 
 #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para>

-#: freeculture.xml:1292
+#: freeculture.xml:1329

 msgid ""
 "Synchronized sound had been introduced to film a year earlier in the movie "
 "<citetitle>The Jazz Singer</citetitle>. That success led Walt Disney to copy "
 msgid ""
 "Synchronized sound had been introduced to film a year earlier in the movie "
 "<citetitle>The Jazz Singer</citetitle>. That success led Walt Disney to copy "


@@ -1685,7 +1947,7 @@ msgstr ""
 
 #.  PAGE BREAK 35 
 #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><blockquote><para>
 
 #.  PAGE BREAK 35 
 #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><blockquote><para>

-#: freeculture.xml:1301
+#: freeculture.xml:1338

 msgid ""
 "A couple of my boys could read music, and one of them could play a mouth "
 "organ. We put them in a room where they could not see the screen and "
 msgid ""
 "A couple of my boys could read music, and one of them could play a mouth "
 "organ. We put them in a room where they could not see the screen and "


@@ -1694,7 +1956,7 @@ msgid ""
 msgstr ""
 
 #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><blockquote><para>
 msgstr ""
 
 #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><blockquote><para>

-#: freeculture.xml:1308
+#: freeculture.xml:1345

 msgid ""
 "The boys worked from a music and sound-effects score. After several false "
 "starts, sound and action got off with the gun. The mouth organist played the "
 msgid ""
 "The boys worked from a music and sound-effects score. After several false "
 "starts, sound and action got off with the gun. The mouth organist played the "


@@ -1704,14 +1966,14 @@ msgstr ""
 
 #.  f1 
 #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><blockquote><para><footnote><para>
 
 #.  f1 
 #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><blockquote><para><footnote><para>

-#: freeculture.xml:1321
+#: freeculture.xml:1358

 msgid ""
 "Leonard Maltin, <citetitle>Of Mice and Magic: A History of American Animated "
 "Cartoons</citetitle> (New York: Penguin Books, 1987), 34&ndash;35."
 msgstr ""
 
 #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><blockquote><para>
 msgid ""
 "Leonard Maltin, <citetitle>Of Mice and Magic: A History of American Animated "
 "Cartoons</citetitle> (New York: Penguin Books, 1987), 34&ndash;35."
 msgstr ""
 
 #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><blockquote><para>

-#: freeculture.xml:1315
+#: freeculture.xml:1352

 msgid ""
 "The effect on our little audience was nothing less than electric.  They "
 "responded almost instinctively to this union of sound and motion. I thought "
 msgid ""
 "The effect on our little audience was nothing less than electric.  They "
 "responded almost instinctively to this union of sound and motion. I thought "


@@ -1720,22 +1982,21 @@ msgid ""
 "new!<placeholder type=\"footnote\" id=\"0\"/>"
 msgstr ""
 
 "new!<placeholder type=\"footnote\" id=\"0\"/>"
 msgstr ""
 

-#. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para><indexterm><primary>
-#: freeculture.xml:1330
+#. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><indexterm><primary>
+#: freeculture.xml:1363

 msgid "Iwerks, Ub"
 msgstr ""
 
 #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para>
 msgid "Iwerks, Ub"
 msgstr ""
 
 #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para>

-#: freeculture.xml:1327
+#: freeculture.xml:1365

 msgid ""
 "Disney's then partner, and one of animation's most extraordinary talents, Ub "
 "Iwerks, put it more strongly: <quote>I have never been so thrilled in my "
 msgid ""
 "Disney's then partner, and one of animation's most extraordinary talents, Ub "
 "Iwerks, put it more strongly: <quote>I have never been so thrilled in my "

-"life. Nothing since has ever equaled it.</quote> <placeholder "
-"type=\"indexterm\" id=\"0\"/>"
+"life. Nothing since has ever equaled it.</quote>"

 msgstr ""
 
 #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para>
 msgstr ""
 
 #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para>

-#: freeculture.xml:1333
+#: freeculture.xml:1370

 msgid ""
 "Disney had created something very new, based upon something relatively "
 "new. Synchronized sound brought life to a form of creativity that had "
 msgid ""
 "Disney had created something very new, based upon something relatively "
 "new. Synchronized sound brought life to a form of creativity that had "


@@ -1746,8 +2007,18 @@ msgid ""
 "work of others."
 msgstr ""
 
 "work of others."
 msgstr ""
 

+#. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><indexterm><primary>
+#: freeculture.xml:1379 freeculture.xml:1741
+msgid "Keaton, Buster"
+msgstr ""
+
+#. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><indexterm><primary>
+#: freeculture.xml:1380 freeculture.xml:1611 freeculture.xml:1998
+msgid "Steamboat Bill, Jr."
+msgstr ""
+

 #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para>
 #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para>

-#: freeculture.xml:1342
+#: freeculture.xml:1382

 msgid ""
 "This much is familiar. What you might not know is that 1928 also marks "
 "another important transition. In that year, a comic (as opposed to cartoon) "
 msgid ""
 "This much is familiar. What you might not know is that 1928 also marks "
 "another important transition. In that year, a comic (as opposed to cartoon) "


@@ -1756,7 +2027,7 @@ msgid ""
 msgstr ""
 
 #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para>
 msgstr ""
 
 #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para>

-#: freeculture.xml:1348
+#: freeculture.xml:1388

 msgid ""
 "Keaton was born into a vaudeville family in 1895. In the era of silent film, "
 "he had mastered using broad physical comedy as a way to spark uncontrollable "
 msgid ""
 "Keaton was born into a vaudeville family in 1895. In the era of silent film, "
 "he had mastered using broad physical comedy as a way to spark uncontrollable "


@@ -1766,9 +2037,29 @@ msgid ""
 "genre."
 msgstr ""
 
 "genre."
 msgstr ""
 

+#. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><indexterm><primary>
+#: freeculture.xml:1395 freeculture.xml:1552
+msgid "derivative works"
+msgstr ""
+
+#. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><indexterm><secondary>
+#: freeculture.xml:1395 freeculture.xml:1552
+msgid "piracy vs."
+msgstr ""
+
+#. type: Content of: <book><chapter><section><section><indexterm><primary>
+#: freeculture.xml:1396 freeculture.xml:1555 freeculture.xml:3648 freeculture.xml:14703
+msgid "piracy"
+msgstr ""
+
+#. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><indexterm><secondary>
+#: freeculture.xml:1396 freeculture.xml:1555
+msgid "derivative work vs."
+msgstr ""
+

 #.  f2 
 #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para><footnote><para>
 #.  f2 
 #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para><footnote><para>

-#: freeculture.xml:1362
+#: freeculture.xml:1404

 msgid ""
 "I am grateful to David Gerstein and his careful history, described at <ulink "
 "url=\"http://free-culture.cc/notes/\">link #4</ulink>.  According to Dave "
 msgid ""
 "I am grateful to David Gerstein and his careful history, described at <ulink "
 "url=\"http://free-culture.cc/notes/\">link #4</ulink>.  According to Dave "


@@ -1782,7 +2073,7 @@ msgid ""
 msgstr ""
 
 #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para>
 msgstr ""
 
 #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para>

-#: freeculture.xml:1356
+#: freeculture.xml:1398

 msgid ""
 "<citetitle>Steamboat Bill, Jr</citetitle>. appeared before Disney's cartoon "
 "Steamboat Willie.  The coincidence of titles is not coincidental. Steamboat "
 msgid ""
 "<citetitle>Steamboat Bill, Jr</citetitle>. appeared before Disney's cartoon "
 "Steamboat Willie.  The coincidence of titles is not coincidental. Steamboat "


@@ -1795,9 +2086,19 @@ msgid ""
 "we get Steamboat Willie, and then from Steamboat Willie, Mickey Mouse."
 msgstr ""
 
 "we get Steamboat Willie, and then from Steamboat Willie, Mickey Mouse."
 msgstr ""
 

+#. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><indexterm><secondary>
+#: freeculture.xml:1424 freeculture.xml:1581
+msgid "by transforming previous works"
+msgstr ""
+
+#. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><indexterm><primary>
+#: freeculture.xml:1425 freeculture.xml:6050
+msgid "Disney, Inc."
+msgstr ""
+

 #.  f3 
 #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para><footnote><para>
 #.  f3 
 #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para><footnote><para>

-#: freeculture.xml:1383
+#: freeculture.xml:1431

 msgid ""
 "He was also a fan of the public domain. See Chris Sprigman, <quote>The Mouse "
 "that Ate the Public Domain,</quote> Findlaw, 5 March 2002, at <ulink "
 msgid ""
 "He was also a fan of the public domain. See Chris Sprigman, <quote>The Mouse "
 "that Ate the Public Domain,</quote> Findlaw, 5 March 2002, at <ulink "


@@ -1805,7 +2106,7 @@ msgid ""
 msgstr ""
 
 #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para>
 msgstr ""
 
 #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para>

-#: freeculture.xml:1379
+#: freeculture.xml:1427

 msgid ""
 "This <quote>borrowing</quote> was nothing unique, either for Disney or for "
 "the industry. Disney was always parroting the feature-length mainstream "
 msgid ""
 "This <quote>borrowing</quote> was nothing unique, either for Disney or for "
 "the industry. Disney was always parroting the feature-length mainstream "


@@ -1819,8 +2120,13 @@ msgid ""
 "before him, creating something new out of something just barely old."
 msgstr ""
 
 "before him, creating something new out of something just barely old."
 msgstr ""
 

+#. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><indexterm><primary>
+#: freeculture.xml:1445 freeculture.xml:1740 freeculture.xml:10561
+msgid "Grimm fairy tales"
+msgstr ""
+

 #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para>
 #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para>

-#: freeculture.xml:1398
+#: freeculture.xml:1447

 msgid ""
 "Sometimes this borrowing was slight. Sometimes it was significant.  Think "
 "about the fairy tales of the Brothers Grimm. If you're as oblivious as I "
 msgid ""
 "Sometimes this borrowing was slight. Sometimes it was significant.  Think "
 "about the fairy tales of the Brothers Grimm. If you're as oblivious as I "


@@ -1833,7 +2139,7 @@ msgstr ""
 
 #.  PAGE BREAK 37 
 #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para>
 
 #.  PAGE BREAK 37 
 #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para>

-#: freeculture.xml:1407
+#: freeculture.xml:1456

 msgid ""
 "Disney took these stories and retold them in a way that carried them into a "
 "new age. He animated the stories, with both characters and light. Without "
 msgid ""
 "Disney took these stories and retold them in a way that carried them into a "
 "new age. He animated the stories, with both characters and light. Without "


@@ -1860,7 +2166,7 @@ msgid ""
 msgstr ""
 
 #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para>
 msgstr ""
 
 #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para>

-#: freeculture.xml:1430
+#: freeculture.xml:1479

 msgid ""
 "This is a kind of creativity. It is a creativity that we should remember and "
 "celebrate. There are some who would say that there is no creativity except "
 msgid ""
 "This is a kind of creativity. It is a creativity that we should remember and "
 "celebrate. There are some who would say that there is no creativity except "


@@ -1871,9 +2177,34 @@ msgid ""
 "the culture around us and makes it something different."
 msgstr ""
 
 "the culture around us and makes it something different."
 msgstr ""
 

+#. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><indexterm><primary>
+#: freeculture.xml:1490 freeculture.xml:10939 freeculture.xml:10940
+msgid "copyright"
+msgstr ""
+
+#. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><indexterm><secondary>
+#: freeculture.xml:1490 freeculture.xml:10940
+msgid "duration of"
+msgstr ""
+
+#. type: Content of: <book><chapter><indexterm><primary>
+#: freeculture.xml:1491 freeculture.xml:1492 freeculture.xml:12905
+msgid "public domain"
+msgstr ""
+
+#. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><indexterm><secondary>
+#: freeculture.xml:1491
+msgid "defined"
+msgstr ""
+
+#. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><indexterm><secondary>
+#: freeculture.xml:1492
+msgid "traditional term for conversion to"
+msgstr ""
+

 #.  f4 
 #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para><footnote><para>
 #.  f4 
 #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para><footnote><para>

-#: freeculture.xml:1444
+#: freeculture.xml:1499

 msgid ""
 "Until 1976, copyright law granted an author the possibility of two terms: an "
 "initial term and a renewal term. I have calculated the "
 msgid ""
 "Until 1976, copyright law granted an author the possibility of two terms: an "
 "initial term and a renewal term. I have calculated the "


@@ -1887,7 +2218,7 @@ msgid ""
 msgstr ""
 
 #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para>
 msgstr ""
 
 #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para>

-#: freeculture.xml:1438
+#: freeculture.xml:1493

 msgid ""
 "In 1928, the culture that Disney was free to draw upon was relatively "
 "fresh. The public domain in 1928 was not very old and was therefore quite "
 msgid ""
 "In 1928, the culture that Disney was free to draw upon was relatively "
 "fresh. The public domain in 1928 was not very old and was therefore quite "


@@ -1901,7 +2232,7 @@ msgid ""
 msgstr ""
 
 #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para>
 msgstr ""
 
 #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para>

-#: freeculture.xml:1461
+#: freeculture.xml:1516

 msgid ""
 "At the end of a copyright term, a work passes into the public domain.  No "
 "permission is then needed to draw upon or use that work. No permission and, "
 msgid ""
 "At the end of a copyright term, a work passes into the public domain.  No "
 "permission is then needed to draw upon or use that work. No permission and, "


@@ -1914,7 +2245,7 @@ msgstr ""
 
 #.  PAGE BREAK 38 
 #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para>
 
 #.  PAGE BREAK 38 
 #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para>

-#: freeculture.xml:1470
+#: freeculture.xml:1527

 msgid ""
 "This is the ways things always were&mdash;until quite recently. For most of "
 "our history, the public domain was just over the horizon. From until 1978, "
 msgid ""
 "This is the ways things always were&mdash;until quite recently. For most of "
 "our history, the public domain was just over the horizon. From until 1978, "


@@ -1927,16 +2258,31 @@ msgid ""
 msgstr ""
 
 #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para>
 msgstr ""
 
 #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para>

-#: freeculture.xml:1483
+#: freeculture.xml:1546

 msgid ""
 msgid ""

-"Of course, Walt Disney had no monopoly on <quote>Walt Disney "
-"creativity.</quote> Nor does America. The norm of free culture has, until "
-"recently, and except within totalitarian nations, been broadly exploited and "
-"quite universal."
+"<emphasis role=\"strong\">Of course</emphasis>, Walt Disney had no monopoly "
+"on <quote>Walt Disney creativity.</quote> Nor does America. The norm of free "
+"culture has, until recently, and except within totalitarian nations, been "
+"broadly exploited and quite universal."
+msgstr ""
+
+#. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><indexterm><primary>
+#: freeculture.xml:1551 freeculture.xml:1655 freeculture.xml:1769
+msgid "comics, Japanese"
+msgstr ""
+
+#. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><indexterm><primary>
+#: freeculture.xml:1553 freeculture.xml:1771
+msgid "Japanese comics"
+msgstr ""
+
+#. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><indexterm><primary>
+#: freeculture.xml:1554 freeculture.xml:1772
+msgid "manga"

 msgstr ""
 
 #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para>
 msgstr ""
 
 #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para>

-#: freeculture.xml:1489
+#: freeculture.xml:1557

 msgid ""
 "Consider, for example, a form of creativity that seems strange to many "
 "Americans but that is inescapable within Japanese culture: "
 msgid ""
 "Consider, for example, a form of creativity that seems strange to many "
 "Americans but that is inescapable within Japanese culture: "


@@ -1948,7 +2294,7 @@ msgid ""
 msgstr ""
 
 #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para>
 msgstr ""
 
 #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para>

-#: freeculture.xml:1498
+#: freeculture.xml:1566

 msgid ""
 "Americans tend to look down upon this form of culture. That's an "
 "unattractive characteristic of ours. We're likely to misunderstand much "
 msgid ""
 "Americans tend to look down upon this form of culture. That's an "
 "unattractive characteristic of ours. We're likely to misunderstand much "


@@ -1962,16 +2308,21 @@ msgid ""
 msgstr ""
 
 #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para>
 msgstr ""
 
 #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para>

-#: freeculture.xml:1509
+#: freeculture.xml:1577

 msgid ""
 "But my purpose here is not to understand manga. It is to describe a variant "
 "on manga that from a lawyer's perspective is quite odd, but from a Disney "
 "perspective is quite familiar."
 msgstr ""
 
 msgid ""
 "But my purpose here is not to understand manga. It is to describe a variant "
 "on manga that from a lawyer's perspective is quite odd, but from a Disney "
 "perspective is quite familiar."
 msgstr ""
 

+#. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><indexterm><primary>
+#: freeculture.xml:1582 freeculture.xml:1770
+msgid "doujinshi comics"
+msgstr ""
+

 #.  PAGE BREAK 39 
 #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para>
 #.  PAGE BREAK 39 
 #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para>

-#: freeculture.xml:1514
+#: freeculture.xml:1584

 msgid ""
 "This is the phenomenon of <citetitle>doujinshi</citetitle>. Doujinshi are "
 "also comics, but they are a kind of copycat comic. A rich ethic governs the "
 msgid ""
 "This is the phenomenon of <citetitle>doujinshi</citetitle>. Doujinshi are "
 "also comics, but they are a kind of copycat comic. A rich ethic governs the "


@@ -1988,7 +2339,7 @@ msgid ""
 msgstr ""
 
 #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para>
 msgstr ""
 
 #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para>

-#: freeculture.xml:1529
+#: freeculture.xml:1600

 msgid ""
 "These copycat comics are not a tiny part of the manga market. They are "
 "huge. More than 33,000 <quote>circles</quote> of creators from across Japan "
 msgid ""
 "These copycat comics are not a tiny part of the manga market. They are "
 "huge. More than 33,000 <quote>circles</quote> of creators from across Japan "


@@ -2001,8 +2352,13 @@ msgid ""
 "competition and despite the law."
 msgstr ""
 
 "competition and despite the law."
 msgstr ""
 

+#. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><indexterm><secondary>
+#: freeculture.xml:1610 freeculture.xml:1654 freeculture.xml:1768
+msgid "Japanese"
+msgstr ""
+

 #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para>
 #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para>

-#: freeculture.xml:1540
+#: freeculture.xml:1613

 msgid ""
 "The most puzzling feature of the doujinshi market, for those trained in the "
 "law, at least, is that it is allowed to exist at all. Under Japanese "
 msgid ""
 "The most puzzling feature of the doujinshi market, for those trained in the "
 "law, at least, is that it is allowed to exist at all. Under Japanese "


@@ -2019,20 +2375,20 @@ msgid ""
 msgstr ""
 
 #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><indexterm><primary>
 msgstr ""
 
 #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><indexterm><primary>

-#: freeculture.xml:1554
+#: freeculture.xml:1627

 msgid "Winick, Judd"
 msgstr ""
 
 #.  f5 
 #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para><footnote><para>
 msgid "Winick, Judd"
 msgstr ""
 
 #.  f5 
 #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para><footnote><para>

-#: freeculture.xml:1567
+#: freeculture.xml:1639

 msgid ""
 "For an excellent history, see Scott McCloud, <citetitle>Reinventing "
 "Comics</citetitle> (New York: Perennial, 2000)."
 msgstr ""
 
 #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para>
 msgid ""
 "For an excellent history, see Scott McCloud, <citetitle>Reinventing "
 "Comics</citetitle> (New York: Perennial, 2000)."
 msgstr ""
 
 #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para>

-#: freeculture.xml:1557
+#: freeculture.xml:1629

 msgid ""
 "Yet this illegal market exists and indeed flourishes in Japan, and in the "
 "view of many, it is precisely because it exists that Japanese manga "
 msgid ""
 "Yet this illegal market exists and indeed flourishes in Japan, and in the "
 "view of many, it is precisely because it exists that Japanese manga "


@@ -2045,12 +2401,12 @@ msgid ""
 msgstr ""
 
 #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><indexterm><primary>
 msgstr ""
 
 #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><indexterm><primary>

-#: freeculture.xml:1571
+#: freeculture.xml:1644

 msgid "Superman comics"
 msgstr ""
 
 #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para>
 msgid "Superman comics"
 msgstr ""
 
 #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para>

-#: freeculture.xml:1573
+#: freeculture.xml:1646

 msgid ""
 "American comics now are quite different, Winick explains, in part because of "
 "the legal difficulty of adapting comics the way doujinshi are "
 msgid ""
 "American comics now are quite different, Winick explains, in part because of "
 "the legal difficulty of adapting comics the way doujinshi are "


@@ -2060,9 +2416,14 @@ msgid ""
 "stick to some parameters which are fifty years old.</quote>"
 msgstr ""
 
 "stick to some parameters which are fifty years old.</quote>"
 msgstr ""
 

+#. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><indexterm><primary>
+#: freeculture.xml:1656
+msgid "Mehra, Salil"
+msgstr ""
+

 #.  f6 
 #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para><footnote><para>
 #.  f6 
 #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para><footnote><para>

-#: freeculture.xml:1590
+#: freeculture.xml:1666

 msgid ""
 "See Salil K. Mehra, <quote>Copyright and Comics in Japan: Does Law Explain "
 "Why All the Comics My Kid Watches Are Japanese Imports?</quote> "
 msgid ""
 "See Salil K. Mehra, <quote>Copyright and Comics in Japan: Does Law Explain "
 "Why All the Comics My Kid Watches Are Japanese Imports?</quote> "


@@ -2076,7 +2437,7 @@ msgid ""
 msgstr ""
 
 #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para>
 msgstr ""
 
 #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para>

-#: freeculture.xml:1582
+#: freeculture.xml:1658

 msgid ""
 "The norm in Japan mitigates this legal difficulty. Some say it is precisely "
 "the benefit accruing to the Japanese manga market that explains the "
 msgid ""
 "The norm in Japan mitigates this legal difficulty. Some say it is precisely "
 "the benefit accruing to the Japanese manga market that explains the "


@@ -2088,7 +2449,7 @@ msgid ""
 msgstr ""
 
 #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para>
 msgstr ""
 
 #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para>

-#: freeculture.xml:1601
+#: freeculture.xml:1680

 msgid ""
 "The problem with this story, however, as Mehra plainly acknowledges, is that "
 "the mechanism producing this laissez faire response is not clear. It may "
 msgid ""
 "The problem with this story, however, as Mehra plainly acknowledges, is that "
 "the mechanism producing this laissez faire response is not clear. It may "


@@ -2101,7 +2462,7 @@ msgid ""
 msgstr ""
 
 #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para>
 msgstr ""
 
 #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para>

-#: freeculture.xml:1612
+#: freeculture.xml:1693

 msgid ""
 "I spent four wonderful months in Japan, and I asked this question as often "
 "as I could. Perhaps the best account in the end was offered by a friend from "
 msgid ""
 "I spent four wonderful months in Japan, and I asked this question as often "
 "as I could. Perhaps the best account in the end was offered by a friend from "


@@ -2112,7 +2473,7 @@ msgstr ""
 
 #.  PAGE BREAK 41 
 #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para>
 
 #.  PAGE BREAK 41 
 #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para>

-#: freeculture.xml:1619
+#: freeculture.xml:1700

 msgid ""
 "This is a theme to which we will return: that regulation by law is a "
 "function of both the words on the books and the costs of making those words "
 msgid ""
 "This is a theme to which we will return: that regulation by law is a "
 "function of both the words on the books and the costs of making those words "


@@ -2121,12 +2482,16 @@ msgid ""
 "artists were regularly prosecuted? Would the Japanese gain something "
 "important if they could end this practice of uncompensated sharing? Does "
 "piracy here hurt the victims of the piracy, or does it help them? Would "
 "artists were regularly prosecuted? Would the Japanese gain something "
 "important if they could end this practice of uncompensated sharing? Does "
 "piracy here hurt the victims of the piracy, or does it help them? Would "

-"lawyers fighting this piracy help their clients or hurt them? Let's pause "
-"for a moment."
+"lawyers fighting this piracy help their clients or hurt them?"
+msgstr ""
+
+#. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para>
+#: freeculture.xml:1713
+msgid "<emphasis role='strong'>Let's pause</emphasis> for a moment."

 msgstr ""
 
 #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para>
 msgstr ""
 
 #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para>

-#: freeculture.xml:1632
+#: freeculture.xml:1716

 msgid ""
 "If you're like I was a decade ago, or like most people are when they first "
 "start thinking about these issues, then just about now you should be puzzled "
 msgid ""
 "If you're like I was a decade ago, or like most people are when they first "
 "start thinking about these issues, then just about now you should be puzzled "


@@ -2134,25 +2499,25 @@ msgid ""
 msgstr ""
 
 #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><section><para><footnote><para><indexterm><primary>
 msgstr ""
 
 #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><section><para><footnote><para><indexterm><primary>

-#: freeculture.xml:1649 freeculture.xml:2871 freeculture.xml:4527 freeculture.xml:4750 freeculture.xml:7350 freeculture.xml:8474
+#: freeculture.xml:1726 freeculture.xml:2986 freeculture.xml:4662 freeculture.xml:4887 freeculture.xml:7503 freeculture.xml:8610

 msgid "Vaidhyanathan, Siva"
 msgstr ""
 
 #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para><footnote><para>
 msgid "Vaidhyanathan, Siva"
 msgstr ""
 
 #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para><footnote><para>

-#: freeculture.xml:1642
-msgid ""
-"The term <citetitle>intellectual property</citetitle> is of relatively "
-"recent origin. See Siva Vaidhyanathan, <citetitle>Copyrights and "
-"Copywrongs</citetitle>, 11 (New York: New York University Press, 2001). See "
-"also Lawrence Lessig, <citetitle>The Future of Ideas</citetitle> (New York: "
-"Random House, 2001), 293 n. 26. The term accurately describes a set of "
-"<quote>property</quote> rights&mdash;copyright, patents, trademark, and "
-"trade-secret&mdash;but the nature of those rights is very different.  "
-"<placeholder type=\"indexterm\" id=\"0\"/>"
+#: freeculture.xml:1726
+msgid ""
+"<placeholder type=\"indexterm\" id=\"0\"/> The term <citetitle>intellectual "
+"property</citetitle> is of relatively recent origin. See Siva Vaidhyanathan, "
+"<citetitle>Copyrights and Copywrongs</citetitle>, 11 (New York: New York "
+"University Press, 2001). See also Lawrence Lessig, <citetitle>The Future of "
+"Ideas</citetitle> (New York: Random House, 2001), 293 n. 26. The term "
+"accurately describes a set of <quote>property</quote> "
+"rights&mdash;copyright, patents, trademark, and trade-secret&mdash;but the "
+"nature of those rights is very different."

 msgstr ""
 
 #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para>
 msgstr ""
 
 #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para>

-#: freeculture.xml:1637
+#: freeculture.xml:1721

 msgid ""
 "We live in a world that celebrates <quote>property.</quote> I am one of "
 "those celebrants.  I believe in the value of property in general, and I also "
 msgid ""
 "We live in a world that celebrates <quote>property.</quote> I am one of "
 "those celebrants.  I believe in the value of property in general, and I also "


@@ -2164,7 +2529,7 @@ msgid ""
 msgstr ""
 
 #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para>
 msgstr ""
 
 #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para>

-#: freeculture.xml:1656
+#: freeculture.xml:1743

 msgid ""
 "But it takes just a second's reflection to realize that there is plenty of "
 "value out there that <quote>property</quote> doesn't capture. I don't mean "
 msgid ""
 "But it takes just a second's reflection to realize that there is plenty of "
 "value out there that <quote>property</quote> doesn't capture. I don't mean "


@@ -2180,9 +2545,14 @@ msgid ""
 "because the Grimms' work was in the public domain."
 msgstr ""
 
 "because the Grimms' work was in the public domain."
 msgstr ""
 

+#. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><indexterm><secondary>
+#: freeculture.xml:1757
+msgid "derivative works based on"
+msgstr ""
+

 #.  PAGE BREAK 42 
 #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para>
 #.  PAGE BREAK 42 
 #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para>

-#: freeculture.xml:1671
+#: freeculture.xml:1759

 msgid ""
 "Thus, even though the things that Disney took&mdash;or more generally, the "
 "things taken by anyone exercising Walt Disney creativity&mdash;are valuable, "
 msgid ""
 "Thus, even though the things that Disney took&mdash;or more generally, the "
 "things taken by anyone exercising Walt Disney creativity&mdash;are valuable, "


@@ -2191,7 +2561,7 @@ msgid ""
 msgstr ""
 
 #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para>
 msgstr ""
 
 #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para>

-#: freeculture.xml:1680
+#: freeculture.xml:1774

 msgid ""
 "The same with the doujinshi culture. If a doujinshi artist broke into a "
 "publisher's office and ran off with a thousand copies of his latest "
 msgid ""
 "The same with the doujinshi culture. If a doujinshi artist broke into a "
 "publisher's office and ran off with a thousand copies of his latest "


@@ -2202,7 +2572,7 @@ msgid ""
 msgstr ""
 
 #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para>
 msgstr ""
 
 #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para>

-#: freeculture.xml:1688
+#: freeculture.xml:1783

 msgid ""
 "Yet there is an obvious reluctance, even among Japanese lawyers, to say that "
 "the copycat comic artists are <quote>stealing.</quote> This form of Walt "
 msgid ""
 "Yet there is an obvious reluctance, even among Japanese lawyers, to say that "
 "the copycat comic artists are <quote>stealing.</quote> This form of Walt "


@@ -2210,8 +2580,13 @@ msgid ""
 "find it hard to say why."
 msgstr ""
 
 "find it hard to say why."
 msgstr ""
 

+#. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para><indexterm><primary>
+#: freeculture.xml:1794 freeculture.xml:5047
+msgid "Shakespeare, William"
+msgstr ""
+

 #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para>
 #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para>

-#: freeculture.xml:1694
+#: freeculture.xml:1796

 msgid ""
 "It's the same with a thousand examples that appear everywhere once you begin "
 "to look. Scientists build upon the work of other scientists without asking "
 msgid ""
 "It's the same with a thousand examples that appear everywhere once you begin "
 "to look. Scientists build upon the work of other scientists without asking "


@@ -2228,7 +2603,7 @@ msgstr ""
 
 #.  PAGE BREAK 43 
 #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para>
 
 #.  PAGE BREAK 43 
 #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para>

-#: freeculture.xml:1708
+#: freeculture.xml:1810

 msgid ""
 "Creators here and everywhere are always and at all times building upon the "
 "creativity that went before and that surrounds them now.  That building is "
 msgid ""
 "Creators here and everywhere are always and at all times building upon the "
 "creativity that went before and that surrounds them now.  That building is "


@@ -2241,7 +2616,7 @@ msgid ""
 msgstr ""
 
 #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para>
 msgstr ""
 
 #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para>

-#: freeculture.xml:1719
+#: freeculture.xml:1822

 msgid ""
 "The hard question is therefore not <emphasis>whether</emphasis> a culture is "
 "free. All cultures are free to some degree. The hard question instead is "
 msgid ""
 "The hard question is therefore not <emphasis>whether</emphasis> a culture is "
 "free. All cultures are free to some degree. The hard question instead is "


@@ -2255,7 +2630,7 @@ msgid ""
 msgstr ""
 
 #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para>
 msgstr ""
 
 #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para>

-#: freeculture.xml:1731
+#: freeculture.xml:1834

 msgid ""
 "Free cultures are cultures that leave a great deal open for others to build "
 "upon; unfree, or permission, cultures leave much less. Ours was a free "
 msgid ""
 "Free cultures are cultures that leave a great deal open for others to build "
 "upon; unfree, or permission, cultures leave much less. Ours was a free "


@@ -2263,40 +2638,45 @@ msgid ""
 msgstr ""
 
 #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><title>
 msgstr ""
 
 #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><title>

-#: freeculture.xml:1739
+#: freeculture.xml:1843

 msgid "CHAPTER TWO: <quote>Mere Copyists</quote>"
 msgstr ""
 
 #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><indexterm><primary>
 msgid "CHAPTER TWO: <quote>Mere Copyists</quote>"
 msgstr ""
 
 #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><indexterm><primary>

-#: freeculture.xml:1741
-msgid "photography"
+#: freeculture.xml:1844
+msgid "Daguerre, Louis"

 msgstr ""
 
 msgstr ""
 

-#. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para><indexterm><primary>
-#: freeculture.xml:1751
-msgid "Daguerre, Louis"
+#. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><section><indexterm><primary>
+#: freeculture.xml:1845 freeculture.xml:6537
+msgid "camera technology"
+msgstr ""
+
+#. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><indexterm><primary>
+#: freeculture.xml:1846
+msgid "photography"

 msgstr ""
 
 #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para>
 msgstr ""
 
 #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para>

-#: freeculture.xml:1744
+#: freeculture.xml:1848

 msgid ""
 msgid ""

-"In 1839, Louis Daguerre invented the first practical technology for "
-"producing what we would call <quote>photographs.</quote> Appropriately "
-"enough, they were called <quote>daguerreotypes.</quote> The process was "
-"complicated and expensive, and the field was thus limited to professionals "
-"and a few zealous and wealthy amateurs. (There was even an American Daguerre "
-"Association that helped regulate the industry, as do all such associations, "
-"by keeping competition down so as to keep prices up.)  <placeholder "
-"type=\"indexterm\" id=\"0\"/>"
+"<emphasis role='strong'>In 1839</emphasis>, Louis Daguerre invented the "
+"first practical technology for producing what we would call "
+"<quote>photographs.</quote> Appropriately enough, they were called "
+"<quote>daguerreotypes.</quote> The process was complicated and expensive, "
+"and the field was thus limited to professionals and a few zealous and "
+"wealthy amateurs. (There was even an American Daguerre Association that "
+"helped regulate the industry, as do all such associations, by keeping "
+"competition down so as to keep prices up.)"

 msgstr ""
 
 msgstr ""
 

-#. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para><indexterm><primary>
-#: freeculture.xml:1763
+#. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><indexterm><primary>
+#: freeculture.xml:1857

 msgid "Talbot, William"
 msgstr ""
 
 #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para>
 msgid "Talbot, William"
 msgstr ""
 
 #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para>

-#: freeculture.xml:1754
+#: freeculture.xml:1859

 msgid ""
 "Yet despite high prices, the demand for daguerreotypes was strong.  This "
 "pushed inventors to find simpler and cheaper ways to make <quote>automatic "
 msgid ""
 "Yet despite high prices, the demand for daguerreotypes was strong.  This "
 "pushed inventors to find simpler and cheaper ways to make <quote>automatic "


@@ -2305,18 +2685,17 @@ msgid ""
 "be kept wet, the process still remained expensive and cumbersome. In the "
 "1870s, dry plates were developed, making it easier to separate the taking of "
 "a picture from its developing. These were still plates of glass, and thus it "
 "be kept wet, the process still remained expensive and cumbersome. In the "
 "1870s, dry plates were developed, making it easier to separate the taking of "
 "a picture from its developing. These were still plates of glass, and thus it "

-"was still not a process within reach of most amateurs.  <placeholder "
-"type=\"indexterm\" id=\"0\"/>"
+"was still not a process within reach of most amateurs."

 msgstr ""
 
 #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><indexterm><primary>
 msgstr ""
 
 #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><indexterm><primary>

-#: freeculture.xml:1766
+#: freeculture.xml:1869

 msgid "Eastman, George"
 msgstr ""
 
 #.  PAGE BREAK 45 
 #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para>
 msgid "Eastman, George"
 msgstr ""
 
 #.  PAGE BREAK 45 
 #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para>

-#: freeculture.xml:1769
+#: freeculture.xml:1871

 msgid ""
 "The technological change that made mass photography possible didn't happen "
 "until 1888, and was the creation of a single man. George Eastman, himself an "
 msgid ""
 "The technological change that made mass photography possible didn't happen "
 "until 1888, and was the creation of a single man. George Eastman, himself an "


@@ -2328,44 +2707,48 @@ msgid ""
 "could dramatically broaden the population of photographers."
 msgstr ""
 
 "could dramatically broaden the population of photographers."
 msgstr ""
 

+#. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><indexterm><primary>
+#: freeculture.xml:1882
+msgid "Kodak cameras"
+msgstr ""
+
+#. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><indexterm><primary>
+#: freeculture.xml:1883
+msgid "Kodak Primer, The (Eastman)"
+msgstr ""
+

 #.  f1 
 #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para><footnote><para>
 #.  f1 
 #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para><footnote><para>

-#: freeculture.xml:1786
+#: freeculture.xml:1890

 msgid ""
 "Reese V. Jenkins, <citetitle>Images and Enterprise</citetitle> (Baltimore: "
 "Johns Hopkins University Press, 1975), 112."
 msgstr ""
 
 msgid ""
 "Reese V. Jenkins, <citetitle>Images and Enterprise</citetitle> (Baltimore: "
 "Johns Hopkins University Press, 1975), 112."
 msgstr ""
 

-#. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para><indexterm><primary>
-#: freeculture.xml:1788
-msgid "Kodak Primer, The (Eastman)"
-msgstr ""
-

 #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para>
 #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para>

-#: freeculture.xml:1781
+#: freeculture.xml:1885

 msgid ""
 "Eastman developed flexible, emulsion-coated paper film and placed rolls of "
 "it in small, simple cameras: the Kodak. The device was marketed on the basis "
 "of its simplicity. <quote>You press the button and we do the "
 "rest.</quote><placeholder type=\"footnote\" id=\"0\"/> As he described in "
 msgid ""
 "Eastman developed flexible, emulsion-coated paper film and placed rolls of "
 "it in small, simple cameras: the Kodak. The device was marketed on the basis "
 "of its simplicity. <quote>You press the button and we do the "
 "rest.</quote><placeholder type=\"footnote\" id=\"0\"/> As he described in "

-"<citetitle>The Kodak Primer</citetitle>: <placeholder type=\"indexterm\" "
-"id=\"1\"/>"
+"<citetitle>The Kodak Primer</citetitle>:"

 msgstr ""
 
 #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><indexterm><primary>
 msgstr ""
 
 #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><indexterm><primary>

-#: freeculture.xml:1805 freeculture.xml:1828
+#: freeculture.xml:1906 freeculture.xml:1932

 msgid "Coe, Brian"
 msgstr ""
 
 #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><blockquote><para><footnote><para>
 msgid "Coe, Brian"
 msgstr ""
 
 #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><blockquote><para><footnote><para>

-#: freeculture.xml:1803
+#: freeculture.xml:1906

 msgid ""
 msgid ""

-"Brian Coe, <citetitle>The Birth of Photography</citetitle> (New York: "
-"Taplinger Publishing, 1977), 53.  <placeholder type=\"indexterm\" id=\"0\"/>"
+"<placeholder type=\"indexterm\" id=\"0\"/> Brian Coe, <citetitle>The Birth "
+"of Photography</citetitle> (New York: Taplinger Publishing, 1977), 53."

 msgstr ""
 
 #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><blockquote><para>
 msgstr ""
 
 #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><blockquote><para>

-#: freeculture.xml:1792
+#: freeculture.xml:1895

 msgid ""
 "The principle of the Kodak system is the separation of the work that any "
 "person whomsoever can do in making a photograph, from the work that only an "
 msgid ""
 "The principle of the Kodak system is the separation of the work that any "
 "person whomsoever can do in making a photograph, from the work that only an "


@@ -2379,18 +2762,18 @@ msgstr ""
 
 #.  f3 
 #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para><footnote><para>
 
 #.  f3 
 #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para><footnote><para>

-#: freeculture.xml:1821
+#: freeculture.xml:1925

 msgid "Jenkins, 177."
 msgstr ""
 
 #.  f4 
 #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para><footnote><para>
 msgid "Jenkins, 177."
 msgstr ""
 
 #.  f4 
 #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para><footnote><para>

-#: freeculture.xml:1825
+#: freeculture.xml:1929

 msgid "Based on a chart in Jenkins, p. 178."
 msgstr ""
 
 #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para>
 msgid "Based on a chart in Jenkins, p. 178."
 msgstr ""
 
 #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para>

-#: freeculture.xml:1810
+#: freeculture.xml:1914

 msgid ""
 "For $25, anyone could make pictures. The camera came preloaded with film, "
 "and when it had been used, the camera was returned to an Eastman factory, "
 msgid ""
 "For $25, anyone could make pictures. The camera came preloaded with film, "
 "and when it had been used, the camera was returned to an Eastman factory, "


@@ -2407,12 +2790,12 @@ msgstr ""
 
 #.  f5 
 #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para><footnote><para>
 
 #.  f5 
 #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para><footnote><para>

-#: freeculture.xml:1843
+#: freeculture.xml:1947

 msgid "Coe, 58."
 msgstr ""
 
 #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para>
 msgid "Coe, 58."
 msgstr ""
 
 #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para>

-#: freeculture.xml:1832
+#: freeculture.xml:1936

 msgid ""
 "The real significance of Eastman's invention, however, was not economic. It "
 "was social. Professional photography gave individuals a glimpse of places "
 msgid ""
 "The real significance of Eastman's invention, however, was not economic. It "
 "was social. Professional photography gave individuals a glimpse of places "


@@ -2426,8 +2809,28 @@ msgid ""
 "type=\"footnote\" id=\"0\"/>"
 msgstr ""
 
 "type=\"footnote\" id=\"0\"/>"
 msgstr ""
 

+#. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><indexterm><primary>
+#: freeculture.xml:1950 freeculture.xml:2052
+msgid "democracy"
+msgstr ""
+
+#. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><indexterm><secondary>
+#: freeculture.xml:1950 freeculture.xml:2052
+msgid "in technologies of expression"
+msgstr ""
+
+#. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><indexterm><primary>
+#: freeculture.xml:1951 freeculture.xml:2053
+msgid "expression, technologies of"
+msgstr ""
+
+#. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><indexterm><secondary>
+#: freeculture.xml:1951 freeculture.xml:2053
+msgid "democratic"
+msgstr ""
+

 #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para>
 #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para>

-#: freeculture.xml:1847
+#: freeculture.xml:1953

 msgid ""
 "In this way, the Kodak camera and film were technologies of expression.  The "
 "pencil or paintbrush was also a technology of expression, of course. But it "
 msgid ""
 "In this way, the Kodak camera and film were technologies of expression.  The "
 "pencil or paintbrush was also a technology of expression, of course. But it "


@@ -2441,9 +2844,19 @@ msgid ""
 "tools could have before."
 msgstr ""
 
 "tools could have before."
 msgstr ""
 

+#. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><indexterm><primary>
+#: freeculture.xml:1966
+msgid "permissions"
+msgstr ""
+
+#. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><indexterm><secondary>
+#: freeculture.xml:1966
+msgid "photography exempted from"
+msgstr ""
+

 #.  f6 
 #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para><footnote><para>
 #.  f6 
 #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para><footnote><para>

-#: freeculture.xml:1869
+#: freeculture.xml:1977

 msgid ""
 "For illustrative cases, see, for example, <citetitle>Pavesich</citetitle> "
 "v. <citetitle>N.E. Life Ins. Co</citetitle>., 50 S.E. 68 (Ga. 1905); "
 msgid ""
 "For illustrative cases, see, for example, <citetitle>Pavesich</citetitle> "
 "v. <citetitle>N.E. Life Ins. Co</citetitle>., 50 S.E. 68 (Ga. 1905); "


@@ -2453,7 +2866,7 @@ msgid ""
 msgstr ""
 
 #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para>
 msgstr ""
 
 #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para>

-#: freeculture.xml:1860
+#: freeculture.xml:1968

 msgid ""
 "What was required for this technology to flourish? Obviously, Eastman's "
 "genius was an important part. But also important was the legal environment "
 msgid ""
 "What was required for this technology to flourish? Obviously, Eastman's "
 "genius was an important part. But also important was the legal environment "


@@ -2467,7 +2880,7 @@ msgstr ""
 
 #.  PAGE BREAK 47 
 #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para>
 
 #.  PAGE BREAK 47 
 #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para>

-#: freeculture.xml:1877
+#: freeculture.xml:1987

 msgid ""
 "The arguments in favor of requiring permission will sound surprisingly "
 "familiar. The photographer was <quote>taking</quote> something from the "
 msgid ""
 "The arguments in favor of requiring permission will sound surprisingly "
 "familiar. The photographer was <quote>taking</quote> something from the "


@@ -2479,12 +2892,12 @@ msgid ""
 msgstr ""
 
 #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para><footnote><para><indexterm><primary>
 msgstr ""
 
 #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para><footnote><para><indexterm><primary>

-#: freeculture.xml:1899
+#: freeculture.xml:2010

 msgid "Warren, Samuel D."
 msgstr ""
 
 #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para><footnote><para>
 msgid "Warren, Samuel D."
 msgstr ""
 
 #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para><footnote><para>

-#: freeculture.xml:1896
+#: freeculture.xml:2007

 msgid ""
 "Samuel D. Warren and Louis D. Brandeis, <quote>The Right to Privacy,</quote> "
 "<citetitle>Harvard Law Review</citetitle> 4 (1890): 193.  <placeholder "
 msgid ""
 "Samuel D. Warren and Louis D. Brandeis, <quote>The Right to Privacy,</quote> "
 "<citetitle>Harvard Law Review</citetitle> 4 (1890): 193.  <placeholder "


@@ -2492,7 +2905,7 @@ msgid ""
 msgstr ""
 
 #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para>
 msgstr ""
 
 #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para>

-#: freeculture.xml:1889
+#: freeculture.xml:2000

 msgid ""
 "On the other side was an argument that should be familiar, as well.  Sure, "
 "there may be something of value being used. But citizens should have the "
 msgid ""
 "On the other side was an argument that should be familiar, as well.  Sure, "
 "there may be something of value being used. But citizens should have the "


@@ -2506,13 +2919,13 @@ msgid ""
 msgstr ""
 
 #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><section><indexterm><primary>
 msgstr ""
 
 #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><section><indexterm><primary>

-#: freeculture.xml:1905 freeculture.xml:9162
+#: freeculture.xml:2017 freeculture.xml:9300

 msgid "images, ownership of"
 msgstr ""
 
 #.  f8 
 #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para><footnote><para>
 msgid "images, ownership of"
 msgstr ""
 
 #.  f8 
 #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para><footnote><para>

-#: freeculture.xml:1917
+#: freeculture.xml:2029

 msgid ""
 "See Melville B. Nimmer, <quote>The Right of Publicity,</quote> "
 "<citetitle>Law and Contemporary Problems</citetitle> 19 (1954): 203; William "
 msgid ""
 "See Melville B. Nimmer, <quote>The Right of Publicity,</quote> "
 "<citetitle>Law and Contemporary Problems</citetitle> 19 (1954): 203; William "


@@ -2523,7 +2936,7 @@ msgid ""
 msgstr ""
 
 #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para>
 msgstr ""
 
 #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para>

-#: freeculture.xml:1907
+#: freeculture.xml:2019

 msgid ""
 "Fortunately for Mr. Eastman, and for photography in general, these early "
 "decisions went in favor of the pirates. In general, no permission would be "
 msgid ""
 "Fortunately for Mr. Eastman, and for photography in general, these early "
 "decisions went in favor of the pirates. In general, no permission would be "


@@ -2536,8 +2949,13 @@ msgid ""
 "type=\"footnote\" id=\"0\"/>)"
 msgstr ""
 
 "type=\"footnote\" id=\"0\"/>)"
 msgstr ""
 

+#. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><indexterm><primary>
+#: freeculture.xml:2036
+msgid "Napster"
+msgstr ""
+

 #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para>
 #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para>

-#: freeculture.xml:1925
+#: freeculture.xml:2038

 msgid ""
 "We can only speculate about how photography would have developed had the law "
 "gone the other way. If the presumption had been against the photographer, "
 msgid ""
 "We can only speculate about how photography would have developed had the law "
 "gone the other way. If the presumption had been against the photographer, "


@@ -2555,7 +2973,7 @@ msgstr ""
 
 #.  PAGE BREAK 48 
 #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para>
 
 #.  PAGE BREAK 48 
 #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para>

-#: freeculture.xml:1942
+#: freeculture.xml:2057

 msgid ""
 "But though we could imagine this system of permission, it would be very hard "
 "to see how photography could have flourished as it did if the requirement "
 msgid ""
 "But though we could imagine this system of permission, it would be very hard "
 "to see how photography could have flourished as it did if the requirement "


@@ -2566,24 +2984,30 @@ msgid ""
 "the permission system. But the spread of photography to ordinary people "
 "would not have occurred. Nothing like that growth would have been "
 "realized. And certainly, nothing like that growth in a democratic technology "
 "the permission system. But the spread of photography to ordinary people "
 "would not have occurred. Nothing like that growth would have been "
 "realized. And certainly, nothing like that growth in a democratic technology "

-"of expression would have been realized.  If you drive through San "
-"Francisco's Presidio, you might see two gaudy yellow school buses painted "
-"over with colorful and striking images, and the logo <quote>Just "
-"Think!</quote> in place of the name of a school. But there's little that's "
-"<quote>just</quote> cerebral in the projects that these busses enable.  "
-"These buses are filled with technologies that teach kids to tinker with "
-"film. Not the film of Eastman. Not even the film of your VCR.  Rather the "
-"<quote>film</quote> of digital cameras. Just Think! is a project that "
-"enables kids to make films, as a way to understand and critique the filmed "
-"culture that they find all around them. Each year, these busses travel to "
-"more than thirty schools and enable three hundred to five hundred children "
-"to learn something about media by doing something with media.  By doing, "
-"they think. By tinkering, they learn."
+"of expression would have been realized."
+msgstr ""
+
+#. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para>
+#: freeculture.xml:2073
+msgid ""
+"<emphasis role='strong'>If you drive</emphasis> through San Francisco's "
+"Presidio, you might see two gaudy yellow school buses painted over with "
+"colorful and striking images, and the logo <quote>Just Think!</quote> in "
+"place of the name of a school. But there's little that's <quote>just</quote> "
+"cerebral in the projects that these busses enable.  These buses are filled "
+"with technologies that teach kids to tinker with film. Not the film of "
+"Eastman. Not even the film of your VCR.  Rather the <quote>film</quote> of "
+"digital cameras. Just Think! is a project that enables kids to make films, "
+"as a way to understand and critique the filmed culture that they find all "
+"around them. Each year, these busses travel to more than thirty schools and "
+"enable three hundred to five hundred children to learn something about media "
+"by doing something with media.  By doing, they think. By tinkering, they "
+"learn."

 msgstr ""
 
 #.  f9 
 #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para><footnote><para>
 msgstr ""
 
 #.  f9 
 #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para><footnote><para>

-#: freeculture.xml:1975
+#: freeculture.xml:2095

 msgid ""
 "H. Edward Goldberg, <quote>Essential Presentation Tools: Hardware and "
 "Software You Need to Create Digital Multimedia Presentations,</quote> "
 msgid ""
 "H. Edward Goldberg, <quote>Essential Presentation Tools: Hardware and "
 "Software You Need to Create Digital Multimedia Presentations,</quote> "


@@ -2592,7 +3016,7 @@ msgid ""
 msgstr ""
 
 #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para>
 msgstr ""
 
 #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para>

-#: freeculture.xml:1969
+#: freeculture.xml:2089

 msgid ""
 "These buses are not cheap, but the technology they carry is increasingly "
 "so. The cost of a high-quality digital video system has fallen "
 msgid ""
 "These buses are not cheap, but the technology they carry is increasingly "
 "so. The cost of a high-quality digital video system has fallen "


@@ -2606,23 +3030,24 @@ msgid ""
 "literacy.</quote>"
 msgstr ""
 
 "literacy.</quote>"
 msgstr ""
 

-#. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para><indexterm><primary>
-#: freeculture.xml:1992
+#. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><indexterm><primary>
+#: freeculture.xml:2105

 msgid "Yanofsky, Dave"
 msgstr ""
 
 msgid "Yanofsky, Dave"
 msgstr ""
 

+#.  PAGE BREAK 49 

 #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para>
 #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para>

-#: freeculture.xml:1987
+#: freeculture.xml:2108

 msgid ""
 "<quote>Media literacy,</quote> as Dave Yanofsky, the executive director of "
 "Just Think!, puts it, <quote>is the ability &hellip; to understand, analyze, "
 "and deconstruct media images. Its aim is to make [kids] literate about the "
 "way media works, the way it's constructed, the way it's delivered, and the "
 msgid ""
 "<quote>Media literacy,</quote> as Dave Yanofsky, the executive director of "
 "Just Think!, puts it, <quote>is the ability &hellip; to understand, analyze, "
 "and deconstruct media images. Its aim is to make [kids] literate about the "
 "way media works, the way it's constructed, the way it's delivered, and the "

-"way people access it.</quote> <placeholder type=\"indexterm\" id=\"0\"/>"
+"way people access it.</quote>"

 msgstr ""
 
 #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para>
 msgstr ""
 
 #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para>

-#: freeculture.xml:1995
+#: freeculture.xml:2115

 msgid ""
 "This may seem like an odd way to think about <quote>literacy.</quote> For "
 "most people, literacy is about reading and writing. Faulkner and Hemingway "
 msgid ""
 "This may seem like an odd way to think about <quote>literacy.</quote> For "
 "most people, literacy is about reading and writing. Faulkner and Hemingway "


@@ -2631,13 +3056,13 @@ msgid ""
 msgstr ""
 
 #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><section><para><footnote><para><indexterm><primary>
 msgstr ""
 
 #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><section><para><footnote><para><indexterm><primary>

-#: freeculture.xml:2000 freeculture.xml:2499 freeculture.xml:6384 freeculture.xml:7214 freeculture.xml:8305 freeculture.xml:8377
+#: freeculture.xml:2120 freeculture.xml:2621 freeculture.xml:6536 freeculture.xml:7372 freeculture.xml:8444 freeculture.xml:8515

 msgid "advertising"
 msgstr ""
 
 #.  f10 
 #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para><footnote><para>
 msgid "advertising"
 msgstr ""
 
 #.  f10 
 #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para><footnote><para>

-#: freeculture.xml:2006
+#: freeculture.xml:2126

 msgid ""
 "Judith Van Evra, <citetitle>Television and Child Development</citetitle> "
 "(Hillsdale, N.J.: Lawrence Erlbaum Associates, 1990); <quote>Findings on "
 msgid ""
 "Judith Van Evra, <citetitle>Television and Child Development</citetitle> "
 "(Hillsdale, N.J.: Lawrence Erlbaum Associates, 1990); <quote>Findings on "


@@ -2646,7 +3071,7 @@ msgid ""
 msgstr ""
 
 #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para>
 msgstr ""
 
 #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para>

-#: freeculture.xml:2002
+#: freeculture.xml:2122

 msgid ""
 "Maybe. But in a world where children see on average 390 hours of television "
 "commercials per year, or between 20,000 and 45,000 commercials "
 msgid ""
 "Maybe. But in a world where children see on average 390 hours of television "
 "commercials per year, or between 20,000 and 45,000 commercials "


@@ -2659,7 +3084,7 @@ msgid ""
 msgstr ""
 
 #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para>
 msgstr ""
 
 #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para>

-#: freeculture.xml:2017
+#: freeculture.xml:2137

 msgid ""
 "A growing field of academics and activists sees this form of literacy as "
 "crucial to the next generation of culture. For though anyone who has written "
 msgid ""
 "A growing field of academics and activists sees this form of literacy as "
 "crucial to the next generation of culture. For though anyone who has written "


@@ -2672,7 +3097,7 @@ msgid ""
 msgstr ""
 
 #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para>
 msgstr ""
 
 #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para>

-#: freeculture.xml:2027
+#: freeculture.xml:2147

 msgid ""
 "It took filmmaking a generation before it could do these things well.  But "
 "even then, the knowledge was in the filming, not in writing about the "
 msgid ""
 "It took filmmaking a generation before it could do these things well.  But "
 "even then, the knowledge was in the filming, not in writing about the "


@@ -2683,22 +3108,22 @@ msgid ""
 msgstr ""
 
 #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><indexterm><primary>
 msgstr ""
 
 #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><indexterm><primary>

-#: freeculture.xml:2034
+#: freeculture.xml:2154

 msgid "Crichton, Michael"
 msgstr ""
 
 #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><indexterm><primary>
 msgid "Crichton, Michael"
 msgstr ""
 
 #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><indexterm><primary>

-#: freeculture.xml:2048 freeculture.xml:2108 freeculture.xml:2115 freeculture.xml:2562
+#: freeculture.xml:2168 freeculture.xml:2228 freeculture.xml:2235 freeculture.xml:2684

 msgid "Barish, Stephanie"
 msgstr ""
 
 #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para><footnote><para><indexterm><primary>
 msgid "Barish, Stephanie"
 msgstr ""
 
 #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para><footnote><para><indexterm><primary>

-#: freeculture.xml:2049
+#: freeculture.xml:2169

 msgid "Daley, Elizabeth"
 msgstr ""
 
 #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para><footnote><para>
 msgid "Daley, Elizabeth"
 msgstr ""
 
 #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para><footnote><para>

-#: freeculture.xml:2046
+#: freeculture.xml:2166

 msgid ""
 "Interview with Elizabeth Daley and Stephanie Barish, 13 December 2002.  "
 "<placeholder type=\"indexterm\" id=\"0\"/> <placeholder type=\"indexterm\" "
 msgid ""
 "Interview with Elizabeth Daley and Stephanie Barish, 13 December 2002.  "
 "<placeholder type=\"indexterm\" id=\"0\"/> <placeholder type=\"indexterm\" "


@@ -2707,7 +3132,7 @@ msgstr ""
 
 #.  f12 
 #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para><footnote><para>
 
 #.  f12 
 #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para><footnote><para>

-#: freeculture.xml:2060
+#: freeculture.xml:2180

 msgid ""
 "See Scott Steinberg, <quote>Crichton Gets Medieval on PCs,</quote> E!online, "
 "4 November 2000, available at <ulink "
 msgid ""
 "See Scott Steinberg, <quote>Crichton Gets Medieval on PCs,</quote> E!online, "
 "4 November 2000, available at <ulink "


@@ -2717,7 +3142,7 @@ msgid ""
 msgstr ""
 
 #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para>
 msgstr ""
 
 #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para>

-#: freeculture.xml:2036
+#: freeculture.xml:2156

 msgid ""
 "This grammar has changed as media has changed. When it was just film, as "
 "Elizabeth Daley, executive director of the University of Southern "
 msgid ""
 "This grammar has changed as media has changed. When it was just film, as "
 "Elizabeth Daley, executive director of the University of Southern "


@@ -2736,12 +3161,12 @@ msgid ""
 msgstr ""
 
 #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><indexterm><primary>
 msgstr ""
 
 #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><indexterm><primary>

-#: freeculture.xml:2067
+#: freeculture.xml:2187

 msgid "computer games"
 msgstr ""
 
 #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para>
 msgid "computer games"
 msgstr ""
 
 #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para>

-#: freeculture.xml:2069
+#: freeculture.xml:2189

 msgid ""
 "This skill is precisely the craft a filmmaker learns. As Daley describes, "
 "<quote>people are very surprised about how they are led through a film. [I]t "
 msgid ""
 "This skill is precisely the craft a filmmaker learns. As Daley describes, "
 "<quote>people are very surprised about how they are led through a film. [I]t "


@@ -2751,7 +3176,7 @@ msgid ""
 msgstr ""
 
 #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para>
 msgstr ""
 
 #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para>

-#: freeculture.xml:2076
+#: freeculture.xml:2196

 msgid ""
 "Yet the push for an expanded literacy&mdash;one that goes beyond text to "
 "include audio and visual elements&mdash;is not about making better film "
 msgid ""
 "Yet the push for an expanded literacy&mdash;one that goes beyond text to "
 "include audio and visual elements&mdash;is not about making better film "


@@ -2760,7 +3185,7 @@ msgid ""
 msgstr ""
 
 #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><blockquote><para>
 msgstr ""
 
 #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><blockquote><para>

-#: freeculture.xml:2083
+#: freeculture.xml:2203

 msgid ""
 "From my perspective, probably the most important digital divide is not "
 "access to a box. It's the ability to be empowered with the language that "
 msgid ""
 "From my perspective, probably the most important digital divide is not "
 "access to a box. It's the ability to be empowered with the language that "


@@ -2769,7 +3194,7 @@ msgid ""
 msgstr ""
 
 #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para>
 msgstr ""
 
 #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para>

-#: freeculture.xml:2091
+#: freeculture.xml:2211

 msgid ""
 "<quote>Read-only.</quote> Passive recipients of culture produced elsewhere.  "
 "Couch potatoes. Consumers. This is the world of media from the twentieth "
 msgid ""
 "<quote>Read-only.</quote> Passive recipients of culture produced elsewhere.  "
 "Couch potatoes. Consumers. This is the world of media from the twentieth "


@@ -2777,18 +3202,18 @@ msgid ""
 msgstr ""
 
 #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para><footnote><para>
 msgstr ""
 
 #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para><footnote><para>

-#: freeculture.xml:2107
+#: freeculture.xml:2227

 msgid "Interview with Daley and Barish.  <placeholder type=\"indexterm\" id=\"0\"/>"
 msgstr ""
 
 #.  f31 
 #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><section><para><footnote><para>
 msgid "Interview with Daley and Barish.  <placeholder type=\"indexterm\" id=\"0\"/>"
 msgstr ""
 
 #.  f31 
 #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><section><para><footnote><para>

-#: freeculture.xml:2112 freeculture.xml:3888 freeculture.xml:4939 freeculture.xml:8193
+#: freeculture.xml:2232 freeculture.xml:4012 freeculture.xml:5079 freeculture.xml:8333

 msgid "Ibid."
 msgstr ""
 
 #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para>
 msgid "Ibid."
 msgstr ""
 
 #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para>

-#: freeculture.xml:2096
+#: freeculture.xml:2216

 msgid ""
 "The twenty-first century could be different. This is the crucial point: It "
 "could be both read and write. Or at least reading and better understanding "
 msgid ""
 "The twenty-first century could be different. This is the crucial point: It "
 "could be both read and write. Or at least reading and better understanding "


@@ -2802,7 +3227,7 @@ msgid ""
 msgstr ""
 
 #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para>
 msgstr ""
 
 #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para>

-#: freeculture.xml:2117
+#: freeculture.xml:2237

 msgid ""
 "As with any language, this language comes more easily to some than to "
 "others. It doesn't necessarily come more easily to those who excel in "
 msgid ""
 "As with any language, this language comes more easily to some than to "
 "others. It doesn't necessarily come more easily to those who excel in "


@@ -2816,7 +3241,7 @@ msgid ""
 msgstr ""
 
 #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para>
 msgstr ""
 
 #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para>

-#: freeculture.xml:2129
+#: freeculture.xml:2249

 msgid ""
 "The class was held on Friday afternoons, and it created a relatively new "
 "problem for the school. While the challenge in most classes was getting the "
 msgid ""
 "The class was held on Friday afternoons, and it created a relatively new "
 "problem for the school. While the challenge in most classes was getting the "


@@ -2827,7 +3252,7 @@ msgid ""
 msgstr ""
 
 #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para>
 msgstr ""
 
 #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para>

-#: freeculture.xml:2137
+#: freeculture.xml:2257

 msgid ""
 "Using whatever <quote>free web stuff they could find,</quote> and relatively "
 "simple tools to enable the kids to mix <quote>image, sound, and "
 msgid ""
 "Using whatever <quote>free web stuff they could find,</quote> and relatively "
 "simple tools to enable the kids to mix <quote>image, sound, and "


@@ -2848,7 +3273,7 @@ msgstr ""
 
 #.  PAGE BREAK 52 
 #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para>
 
 #.  PAGE BREAK 52 
 #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para>

-#: freeculture.xml:2156
+#: freeculture.xml:2276

 msgid ""
 "<quote>But isn't education about teaching kids to write?</quote> I asked. In "
 "part, of course, it is. But why are we teaching kids to write? Education, "
 msgid ""
 "<quote>But isn't education about teaching kids to write?</quote> I asked. In "
 "part, of course, it is. But why are we teaching kids to write? Education, "


@@ -2860,7 +3285,7 @@ msgid ""
 msgstr ""
 
 #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><blockquote><para>
 msgstr ""
 
 #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><blockquote><para>

-#: freeculture.xml:2167
+#: freeculture.xml:2287

 msgid ""
 "What you want is to give these students ways of constructing meaning. If all "
 "you give them is text, they're not going to do it.  Because they can't. You "
 msgid ""
 "What you want is to give these students ways of constructing meaning. If all "
 "you give them is text, they're not going to do it.  Because they can't. You "


@@ -2881,7 +3306,7 @@ msgid ""
 msgstr ""
 
 #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><blockquote><para>
 msgstr ""
 
 #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><blockquote><para>

-#: freeculture.xml:2186
+#: freeculture.xml:2306

 msgid ""
 "That empowers enormously. And then what happens, of course, is eventually, "
 "as it has happened in all these classes, they bump up against the fact, "
 msgid ""
 "That empowers enormously. And then what happens, of course, is eventually, "
 "as it has happened in all these classes, they bump up against the fact, "


@@ -2892,7 +3317,7 @@ msgstr ""
 
 #.  PAGE BREAK 53 
 #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><blockquote><para>
 
 #.  PAGE BREAK 53 
 #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><blockquote><para>

-#: freeculture.xml:2193
+#: freeculture.xml:2313

 msgid ""
 "Because they needed to. There was a reason for doing it. They needed to say "
 "something, as opposed to just jumping through your hoops. They actually "
 msgid ""
 "Because they needed to. There was a reason for doing it. They needed to say "
 "something, as opposed to just jumping through your hoops. They actually "


@@ -2901,25 +3326,26 @@ msgid ""
 msgstr ""
 
 #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><indexterm><primary>
 msgstr ""
 
 #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><indexterm><primary>

-#: freeculture.xml:2203
+#: freeculture.xml:2323

 msgid "World Trade Center"
 msgstr ""
 
 #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para>
 msgid "World Trade Center"
 msgstr ""
 
 #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para>

-#: freeculture.xml:2205
+#: freeculture.xml:2325

 msgid ""
 msgid ""

-"When two planes crashed into the World Trade Center, another into the "
-"Pentagon, and a fourth into a Pennsylvania field, all media around the world "
-"shifted to this news. Every moment of just about every day for that week, "
-"and for weeks after, television in particular, and media generally, retold "
-"the story of the events we had just witnessed. The telling was a retelling, "
-"because we had seen the events that were described. The genius of this awful "
-"act of terrorism was that the delayed second attack was perfectly timed to "
-"assure that the whole world would be watching."
+"<emphasis role='strong'>When two planes</emphasis> crashed into the World "
+"Trade Center, another into the Pentagon, and a fourth into a Pennsylvania "
+"field, all media around the world shifted to this news. Every moment of just "
+"about every day for that week, and for weeks after, television in "
+"particular, and media generally, retold the story of the events we had just "
+"witnessed. The telling was a retelling, because we had seen the events that "
+"were described. The genius of this awful act of terrorism was that the "
+"delayed second attack was perfectly timed to assure that the whole world "
+"would be watching."

 msgstr ""
 
 #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para>
 msgstr ""
 
 #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para>

-#: freeculture.xml:2216
+#: freeculture.xml:2337

 msgid ""
 "These retellings had an increasingly familiar feel. There was music scored "
 "for the intermissions, and fancy graphics that flashed across the "
 msgid ""
 "These retellings had an increasingly familiar feel. There was music scored "
 "for the intermissions, and fancy graphics that flashed across the "


@@ -2930,17 +3356,17 @@ msgid ""
 msgstr ""
 
 #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><section><para><footnote><para><indexterm><primary>
 msgstr ""
 
 #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><section><para><footnote><para><indexterm><primary>

-#: freeculture.xml:2223 freeculture.xml:8132 freeculture.xml:8371
+#: freeculture.xml:2344 freeculture.xml:8272 freeculture.xml:8509

 msgid "ABC"
 msgstr ""
 
 #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><indexterm><primary>
 msgid "ABC"
 msgstr ""
 
 #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><indexterm><primary>

-#: freeculture.xml:2224
+#: freeculture.xml:2345

 msgid "CBS"
 msgstr ""
 
 #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para>
 msgid "CBS"
 msgstr ""
 
 #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para>

-#: freeculture.xml:2226
+#: freeculture.xml:2347

 msgid ""
 "But in addition to this produced news about the <quote>tragedy of September "
 "11,</quote> those of us tied to the Internet came to see a very different "
 msgid ""
 "But in addition to this produced news about the <quote>tragedy of September "
 "11,</quote> those of us tied to the Internet came to see a very different "


@@ -2957,7 +3383,7 @@ msgstr ""
 
 #.  PAGE BREAK 54 
 #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para>
 
 #.  PAGE BREAK 54 
 #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para>

-#: freeculture.xml:2240
+#: freeculture.xml:2361

 msgid ""
 "I don't mean simply to praise the Internet&mdash;though I do think the "
 "people who supported this form of speech should be praised. I mean instead "
 msgid ""
 "I don't mean simply to praise the Internet&mdash;though I do think the "
 "people who supported this form of speech should be praised. I mean instead "


@@ -2968,7 +3394,7 @@ msgid ""
 msgstr ""
 
 #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para>
 msgstr ""
 
 #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para>

-#: freeculture.xml:2250
+#: freeculture.xml:2371

 msgid ""
 "But unlike any technology for simply capturing images, the Internet allows "
 "these creations to be shared with an extraordinary number of people, "
 msgid ""
 "But unlike any technology for simply capturing images, the Internet allows "
 "these creations to be shared with an extraordinary number of people, "


@@ -2980,7 +3406,7 @@ msgid ""
 msgstr ""
 
 #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para>
 msgstr ""
 
 #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para>

-#: freeculture.xml:2259
+#: freeculture.xml:2380

 msgid ""
 "September 11 was not an aberration. It was a beginning. Around the same "
 "time, a form of communication that has grown dramatically was just beginning "
 msgid ""
 "September 11 was not an aberration. It was a beginning. Around the same "
 "time, a form of communication that has grown dramatically was just beginning "


@@ -2991,8 +3417,13 @@ msgid ""
 "Springer</citetitle>, available anywhere in the world."
 msgstr ""
 
 "Springer</citetitle>, available anywhere in the world."
 msgstr ""
 

+#. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para><footnote><para><indexterm><primary>
+#: freeculture.xml:2388 freeculture.xml:2461 freeculture.xml:2584
+msgid "blogs (Web-logs)"
+msgstr ""
+

 #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para>
 #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para>

-#: freeculture.xml:2268
+#: freeculture.xml:2390

 msgid ""
 "But in the United States, blogs have taken on a very different character.  "
 "There are some who use the space simply to talk about their private "
 msgid ""
 "But in the United States, blogs have taken on a very different character.  "
 "There are some who use the space simply to talk about their private "


@@ -3009,7 +3440,7 @@ msgstr ""
 
 #.  PAGE BREAK 55 
 #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para>
 
 #.  PAGE BREAK 55 
 #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para>

-#: freeculture.xml:2282
+#: freeculture.xml:2404

 msgid ""
 "That's a strong statement. Yet it says as much about our democracy as it "
 "does about blogs. This is the part of America that is most difficult for "
 msgid ""
 "That's a strong statement. Yet it says as much about our democracy as it "
 "does about blogs. This is the part of America that is most difficult for "


@@ -3021,13 +3452,18 @@ msgid ""
 msgstr ""
 
 #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><indexterm><primary>
 msgstr ""
 
 #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><indexterm><primary>

-#: freeculture.xml:2292
+#: freeculture.xml:2414

 msgid "Tocqueville, Alexis de"
 msgstr ""
 
 msgid "Tocqueville, Alexis de"
 msgstr ""
 

+#. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><indexterm><primary>
+#: freeculture.xml:2415
+msgid "jury system"
+msgstr ""
+

 #.  f15 
 #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para><footnote><para>
 #.  f15 
 #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para><footnote><para>

-#: freeculture.xml:2309
+#: freeculture.xml:2432

 msgid ""
 "See, for example, Alexis de Tocqueville, <citetitle>Democracy in "
 "America</citetitle>, bk. 1, trans.  Henry Reeve (New York: Bantam Books, "
 msgid ""
 "See, for example, Alexis de Tocqueville, <citetitle>Democracy in "
 "America</citetitle>, bk. 1, trans.  Henry Reeve (New York: Bantam Books, "


@@ -3035,7 +3471,7 @@ msgid ""
 msgstr ""
 
 #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para>
 msgstr ""
 
 #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para>

-#: freeculture.xml:2294
+#: freeculture.xml:2417

 msgid ""
 "But democracy has never just been about elections. Democracy means rule by "
 "the people, but rule means something more than mere elections. In our "
 msgid ""
 "But democracy has never just been about elections. Democracy means rule by "
 "the people, but rule means something more than mere elections. In our "


@@ -3055,14 +3491,14 @@ msgstr ""
 
 #.  f16 
 #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para><footnote><para>
 
 #.  f16 
 #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para><footnote><para>

-#: freeculture.xml:2318
+#: freeculture.xml:2441

 msgid ""
 "Bruce Ackerman and James Fishkin, <quote>Deliberation Day,</quote> "
 "<citetitle>Journal of Political Philosophy</citetitle> 10 (2) (2002): 129."
 msgstr ""
 
 #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para>
 msgid ""
 "Bruce Ackerman and James Fishkin, <quote>Deliberation Day,</quote> "
 "<citetitle>Journal of Political Philosophy</citetitle> 10 (2) (2002): 129."
 msgstr ""
 
 #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para>

-#: freeculture.xml:2314
+#: freeculture.xml:2437

 msgid ""
 "Yet even this institution flags in American life today. And in its place, "
 "there is no systematic effort to enable citizen deliberation. Some are "
 msgid ""
 "Yet even this institution flags in American life today. And in its place, "
 "there is no systematic effort to enable citizen deliberation. Some are "


@@ -3074,14 +3510,14 @@ msgstr ""
 
 #.  f17 
 #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para><footnote><para>
 
 #.  f17 
 #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para><footnote><para>

-#: freeculture.xml:2333
+#: freeculture.xml:2456

 msgid ""
 "Cass Sunstein, <citetitle>Republic.com</citetitle> (Princeton: Princeton "
 "University Press, 2001), 65&ndash;80, 175, 182, 183, 192."
 msgstr ""
 
 #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para>
 msgid ""
 "Cass Sunstein, <citetitle>Republic.com</citetitle> (Princeton: Princeton "
 "University Press, 2001), 65&ndash;80, 175, 182, 183, 192."
 msgstr ""
 
 #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para>

-#: freeculture.xml:2326
+#: freeculture.xml:2449

 msgid ""
 "More bizarrely, there is generally not even permission for it to occur.  We, "
 "the most powerful democracy in the world, have developed a strong norm "
 msgid ""
 "More bizarrely, there is generally not even permission for it to occur.  We, "
 "the most powerful democracy in the world, have developed a strong norm "


@@ -3092,9 +3528,14 @@ msgid ""
 "our friends want to hear, and hear very little beyond what our friends say."
 msgstr ""
 
 "our friends want to hear, and hear very little beyond what our friends say."
 msgstr ""
 

+#. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><indexterm><primary>
+#: freeculture.xml:2462
+msgid "e-mail"
+msgstr ""
+

 #.  PAGE BREAK 56 
 #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para>
 #.  PAGE BREAK 56 
 #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para>

-#: freeculture.xml:2339
+#: freeculture.xml:2464

 msgid ""
 "Enter the blog. The blog's very architecture solves one part of this "
 "problem. People post when they want to post, and people read when they want "
 msgid ""
 "Enter the blog. The blog's very architecture solves one part of this "
 "problem. People post when they want to post, and people read when they want "


@@ -3105,7 +3546,7 @@ msgid ""
 msgstr ""
 
 #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para>
 msgstr ""
 
 #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para>

-#: freeculture.xml:2350
+#: freeculture.xml:2475

 msgid ""
 "But beyond architecture, blogs also have solved the problem of "
 "norms. There's no norm (yet) in blog space not to talk about politics.  "
 msgid ""
 "But beyond architecture, blogs also have solved the problem of "
 "norms. There's no norm (yet) in blog space not to talk about politics.  "


@@ -3115,40 +3556,40 @@ msgid ""
 "political cover political issues when the occasion merits."
 msgstr ""
 
 "political cover political issues when the occasion merits."
 msgstr ""
 

-#. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para><indexterm><primary>
-#: freeculture.xml:2362
+#. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><indexterm><primary>
+#: freeculture.xml:2482

 msgid "Dean, Howard"
 msgstr ""
 
 #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para>
 msgid "Dean, Howard"
 msgstr ""
 
 #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para>

-#: freeculture.xml:2358
+#: freeculture.xml:2484

 msgid ""
 "The significance of these blogs is tiny now, though not so tiny. The name "
 "Howard Dean may well have faded from the 2004 presidential race but for "
 "blogs. Yet even if the number of readers is small, the reading is having an "
 msgid ""
 "The significance of these blogs is tiny now, though not so tiny. The name "
 "Howard Dean may well have faded from the 2004 presidential race but for "
 "blogs. Yet even if the number of readers is small, the reading is having an "

-"effect.  <placeholder type=\"indexterm\" id=\"0\"/>"
+"effect."
+msgstr ""
+
+#. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><indexterm><primary>
+#: freeculture.xml:2489
+msgid "Lott, Trent"

 msgstr ""
 
 #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><indexterm><primary>
 msgstr ""
 
 #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><indexterm><primary>

-#: freeculture.xml:2364
+#: freeculture.xml:2490

 msgid "Thurmond, Strom"
 msgstr ""
 
 #.  f18 
 #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para><footnote><para>
 msgid "Thurmond, Strom"
 msgstr ""
 
 #.  f18 
 #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para><footnote><para>

-#: freeculture.xml:2377
+#: freeculture.xml:2503

 msgid ""
 "Noah Shachtman, <quote>With Incessant Postings, a Pundit Stirs the "
 "Pot,</quote> New York Times, 16 January 2003, G5."
 msgstr ""
 
 msgid ""
 "Noah Shachtman, <quote>With Incessant Postings, a Pundit Stirs the "
 "Pot,</quote> New York Times, 16 January 2003, G5."
 msgstr ""
 

-#. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para><indexterm><primary>
-#: freeculture.xml:2380
-msgid "Lott, Trent"
-msgstr ""
-

 #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para>
 #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para>

-#: freeculture.xml:2366
+#: freeculture.xml:2492

 msgid ""
 "One direct effect is on stories that had a different life cycle in the "
 "mainstream media. The Trent Lott affair is an example. When Lott "
 msgid ""
 "One direct effect is on stories that had a different life cycle in the "
 "mainstream media. The Trent Lott affair is an example. When Lott "


@@ -3159,12 +3600,11 @@ msgid ""
 "bloggers kept researching the story. Over time, more and more instances of "
 "the same <quote>misspeaking</quote> emerged. Finally, the story broke back "
 "into the mainstream press. In the end, Lott was forced to resign as senate "
 "bloggers kept researching the story. Over time, more and more instances of "
 "the same <quote>misspeaking</quote> emerged. Finally, the story broke back "
 "into the mainstream press. In the end, Lott was forced to resign as senate "

-"majority leader.<placeholder type=\"footnote\" id=\"0\"/> <placeholder "
-"type=\"indexterm\" id=\"1\"/>"
+"majority leader.<placeholder type=\"footnote\" id=\"0\"/>"

 msgstr ""
 
 #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para>
 msgstr ""
 
 #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para>

-#: freeculture.xml:2383
+#: freeculture.xml:2508

 msgid ""
 "This different cycle is possible because the same commercial pressures don't "
 "exist with blogs as with other ventures. Television and newspapers are "
 msgid ""
 "This different cycle is possible because the same commercial pressures don't "
 "exist with blogs as with other ventures. Television and newspapers are "


@@ -3173,7 +3613,7 @@ msgid ""
 msgstr ""
 
 #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para>
 msgstr ""
 
 #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para>

-#: freeculture.xml:2390
+#: freeculture.xml:2515

 msgid ""
 "But bloggers don't have a similar constraint. They can obsess, they can "
 "focus, they can get serious. If a particular blogger writes a particularly "
 msgid ""
 "But bloggers don't have a similar constraint. They can obsess, they can "
 "focus, they can get serious. If a particular blogger writes a particularly "


@@ -3184,13 +3624,13 @@ msgid ""
 msgstr ""
 
 #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><indexterm><primary>
 msgstr ""
 
 #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><indexterm><primary>

-#: freeculture.xml:2399
+#: freeculture.xml:2523

 msgid "Winer, Dave"
 msgstr ""
 
 #.  PAGE BREAK 57 
 #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para>
 msgid "Winer, Dave"
 msgstr ""
 
 #.  PAGE BREAK 57 
 #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para>

-#: freeculture.xml:2402
+#: freeculture.xml:2525

 msgid ""
 "There's a second way, as well, in which blogs have a different cycle from "
 "the mainstream press. As Dave Winer, one of the fathers of this movement and "
 msgid ""
 "There's a second way, as well, in which blogs have a different cycle from "
 "the mainstream press. As Dave Winer, one of the fathers of this movement and "


@@ -3203,23 +3643,23 @@ msgid ""
 msgstr ""
 
 #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para><footnote><para><indexterm><primary>
 msgstr ""
 
 #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para><footnote><para><indexterm><primary>

-#: freeculture.xml:2412 freeculture.xml:2458
+#: freeculture.xml:2535 freeculture.xml:2581

 msgid "CNN"
 msgstr ""
 
 #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para><footnote><para><indexterm><primary>
 msgid "CNN"
 msgstr ""
 
 #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para><footnote><para><indexterm><primary>

-#: freeculture.xml:2413 freeculture.xml:2459 freeculture.xml:5588
+#: freeculture.xml:2536 freeculture.xml:2582 freeculture.xml:5728

 msgid "Iraq war"
 msgstr ""
 
 #.  f19 
 #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para><footnote><para>
 msgid "Iraq war"
 msgstr ""
 
 #.  f19 
 #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para><footnote><para>

-#: freeculture.xml:2421
+#: freeculture.xml:2544

 msgid "Telephone interview with David Winer, 16 April 2003."
 msgstr ""
 
 #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para>
 msgid "Telephone interview with David Winer, 16 April 2003."
 msgstr ""
 
 #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para>

-#: freeculture.xml:2415
+#: freeculture.xml:2538

 msgid ""
 "These conflicts become more important as media becomes more concentrated "
 "(more on this below). A concentrated media can hide more from the public "
 msgid ""
 "These conflicts become more important as media becomes more concentrated "
 "(more on this below). A concentrated media can hide more from the public "


@@ -3237,7 +3677,7 @@ msgstr ""
 
 #.  f20 
 #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para><footnote><para>
 
 #.  f20 
 #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para><footnote><para>

-#: freeculture.xml:2439
+#: freeculture.xml:2562

 msgid ""
 "John Schwartz, <quote>Loss of the Shuttle: The Internet; A Wealth of "
 "Information Online,</quote> <citetitle>New York Times</citetitle>, 2 "
 msgid ""
 "John Schwartz, <quote>Loss of the Shuttle: The Internet; A Wealth of "
 "Information Online,</quote> <citetitle>New York Times</citetitle>, 2 "


@@ -3247,7 +3687,7 @@ msgid ""
 msgstr ""
 
 #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para>
 msgstr ""
 
 #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para>

-#: freeculture.xml:2431
+#: freeculture.xml:2554

 msgid ""
 "Blog space gives amateurs a way to enter the "
 "debate&mdash;<quote>amateur</quote> not in the sense of inexperienced, but "
 msgid ""
 "Blog space gives amateurs a way to enter the "
 "debate&mdash;<quote>amateur</quote> not in the sense of inexperienced, but "


@@ -3263,28 +3703,29 @@ msgid ""
 msgstr ""
 
 #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para><footnote><para><indexterm><primary>
 msgstr ""
 
 #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para><footnote><para><indexterm><primary>

-#: freeculture.xml:2460
+#: freeculture.xml:2583

 msgid "Olafson, Steve"
 msgstr ""
 
 #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para><footnote><para>
 msgid "Olafson, Steve"
 msgstr ""
 
 #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para><footnote><para>

-#: freeculture.xml:2458
+#: freeculture.xml:2581

 msgid ""
 "<placeholder type=\"indexterm\" id=\"0\"/> <placeholder type=\"indexterm\" "
 msgid ""
 "<placeholder type=\"indexterm\" id=\"0\"/> <placeholder type=\"indexterm\" "

-"id=\"1\"/> <placeholder type=\"indexterm\" id=\"2\"/> See Michael Falcone, "
-"<quote>Does an Editor's Pencil Ruin a Web Log?</quote> <citetitle>New York "
-"Times</citetitle>, 29 September 2003, C4. (<quote>Not all news organizations "
-"have been as accepting of employees who blog. Kevin Sites, a CNN "
-"correspondent in Iraq who started a blog about his reporting of the war on "
-"March 9, stopped posting 12 days later at his bosses' request. Last year "
-"Steve Olafson, a <citetitle>Houston Chronicle</citetitle> reporter, was "
-"fired for keeping a personal Web log, published under a pseudonym, that "
-"dealt with some of the issues and people he was covering.</quote>)"
+"id=\"1\"/> <placeholder type=\"indexterm\" id=\"2\"/> <placeholder "
+"type=\"indexterm\" id=\"3\"/> See Michael Falcone, <quote>Does an Editor's "
+"Pencil Ruin a Web Log?</quote> <citetitle>New York Times</citetitle>, 29 "
+"September 2003, C4. (<quote>Not all news organizations have been as "
+"accepting of employees who blog. Kevin Sites, a CNN correspondent in Iraq "
+"who started a blog about his reporting of the war on March 9, stopped "
+"posting 12 days later at his bosses' request. Last year Steve Olafson, a "
+"<citetitle>Houston Chronicle</citetitle> reporter, was fired for keeping a "
+"personal Web log, published under a pseudonym, that dealt with some of the "
+"issues and people he was covering.</quote>)"

 msgstr ""
 
 #.  PAGE BREAK 58 
 #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para>
 msgstr ""
 
 #.  PAGE BREAK 58 
 #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para>

-#: freeculture.xml:2451
+#: freeculture.xml:2574

 msgid ""
 "Winer is optimistic about the future of journalism infected with "
 "blogs. <quote>It's going to become an essential skill,</quote> Winer "
 msgid ""
 "Winer is optimistic about the future of journalism infected with "
 "blogs. <quote>It's going to become an essential skill,</quote> Winer "


@@ -3301,7 +3742,7 @@ msgid ""
 msgstr ""
 
 #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para>
 msgstr ""
 
 #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para>

-#: freeculture.xml:2480
+#: freeculture.xml:2604

 msgid ""
 "This speech affects democracy. Winer thinks that happens because <quote>you "
 "don't have to work for somebody who controls, [for] a gatekeeper.</quote> "
 msgid ""
 "This speech affects democracy. Winer thinks that happens because <quote>you "
 "don't have to work for somebody who controls, [for] a gatekeeper.</quote> "


@@ -3318,20 +3759,21 @@ msgid ""
 msgstr ""
 
 #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><indexterm><primary>
 msgstr ""
 
 #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><indexterm><primary>

-#: freeculture.xml:2496
+#: freeculture.xml:2620

 msgid "Brown, John Seely"
 msgstr ""
 
 #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para>
 msgid "Brown, John Seely"
 msgstr ""
 
 #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para>

-#: freeculture.xml:2502
+#: freeculture.xml:2623

 msgid ""
 msgid ""

-"John Seely Brown is the chief scientist of the Xerox Corporation.  His work, "
-"as his Web site describes it, is <quote>human learning and &hellip; the "
-"creation of knowledge ecologies for creating &hellip; innovation.</quote>"
+"<emphasis role='strong'>John Seely Brown</emphasis> is the chief scientist "
+"of the Xerox Corporation.  His work, as his Web site describes it, is "
+"<quote>human learning and &hellip; the creation of knowledge ecologies for "
+"creating &hellip; innovation.</quote>"

 msgstr ""
 
 #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para>
 msgstr ""
 
 #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para>

-#: freeculture.xml:2507
+#: freeculture.xml:2629

 msgid ""
 "Brown thus looks at these technologies of digital creativity a bit "
 "differently from the perspectives I've sketched so far. I'm sure he would be "
 msgid ""
 "Brown thus looks at these technologies of digital creativity a bit "
 "differently from the perspectives I've sketched so far. I'm sure he would be "


@@ -3341,7 +3783,7 @@ msgstr ""
 
 #.  PAGE BREAK 59 
 #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para>
 
 #.  PAGE BREAK 59 
 #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para>

-#: freeculture.xml:2514
+#: freeculture.xml:2636

 msgid ""
 "As Brown believes, we learn by tinkering. When <quote>a lot of us grew "
 "up,</quote> he explains, that tinkering was done <quote>on motorcycle "
 msgid ""
 "As Brown believes, we learn by tinkering. When <quote>a lot of us grew "
 "up,</quote> he explains, that tinkering was done <quote>on motorcycle "


@@ -3356,7 +3798,7 @@ msgid ""
 msgstr ""
 
 #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para>
 msgstr ""
 
 #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para>

-#: freeculture.xml:2527
+#: freeculture.xml:2649

 msgid ""
 "The best large-scale example of this kind of tinkering so far is free "
 "software or open-source software (FS/OSS). FS/OSS is software whose source "
 msgid ""
 "The best large-scale example of this kind of tinkering so far is free "
 "software or open-source software (FS/OSS). FS/OSS is software whose source "


@@ -3366,7 +3808,7 @@ msgid ""
 msgstr ""
 
 #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para>
 msgstr ""
 
 #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para>

-#: freeculture.xml:2534
+#: freeculture.xml:2656

 msgid ""
 "This opportunity creates a <quote>completely new kind of learning "
 "platform,</quote> as Brown describes. <quote>As soon as you start doing "
 msgid ""
 "This opportunity creates a <quote>completely new kind of learning "
 "platform,</quote> as Brown describes. <quote>As soon as you start doing "


@@ -3378,7 +3820,7 @@ msgid ""
 msgstr ""
 
 #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para>
 msgstr ""
 
 #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para>

-#: freeculture.xml:2542
+#: freeculture.xml:2664

 msgid ""
 "In this process, <quote>the concrete things you tinker with are abstract.  "
 "They are code.</quote> Kids are <quote>shifting to the ability to tinker in "
 msgid ""
 "In this process, <quote>the concrete things you tinker with are abstract.  "
 "They are code.</quote> Kids are <quote>shifting to the ability to tinker in "


@@ -3390,7 +3832,7 @@ msgid ""
 msgstr ""
 
 #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para>
 msgstr ""
 
 #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para>

-#: freeculture.xml:2551
+#: freeculture.xml:2673

 msgid ""
 "This same thing happens with content, too. And it happens in the same "
 "collaborative way when that content is part of the Web. As Brown puts it, "
 msgid ""
 "This same thing happens with content, too. And it happens in the same "
 "collaborative way when that content is part of the Web. As Brown puts it, "


@@ -3405,7 +3847,7 @@ msgstr ""
 
 #.  PAGE BREAK 60 
 #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para>
 
 #.  PAGE BREAK 60 
 #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para>

-#: freeculture.xml:2564
+#: freeculture.xml:2686

 msgid ""
 "Brown is talking about what Elizabeth Daley, Stephanie Barish, and Just "
 "Think! teach: that this tinkering with culture teaches as well as "
 msgid ""
 "Brown is talking about what Elizabeth Daley, Stephanie Barish, and Just "
 "Think! teach: that this tinkering with culture teaches as well as "


@@ -3414,7 +3856,7 @@ msgid ""
 msgstr ""
 
 #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para>
 msgstr ""
 
 #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para>

-#: freeculture.xml:2572
+#: freeculture.xml:2694

 msgid ""
 "Yet the freedom to tinker with these objects is not guaranteed.  Indeed, as "
 "we'll see through the course of this book, that freedom is increasingly "
 msgid ""
 "Yet the freedom to tinker with these objects is not guaranteed.  Indeed, as "
 "we'll see through the course of this book, that freedom is increasingly "


@@ -3427,7 +3869,7 @@ msgstr ""
 
 #.  f22 
 #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para><footnote><para>
 
 #.  f22 
 #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para><footnote><para>

-#: freeculture.xml:2588
+#: freeculture.xml:2710

 msgid ""
 "See, for example, Edward Felten and Andrew Appel, <quote>Technological "
 "Access Control Interferes with Noninfringing Scholarship,</quote> "
 msgid ""
 "See, for example, Edward Felten and Andrew Appel, <quote>Technological "
 "Access Control Interferes with Noninfringing Scholarship,</quote> "


@@ -3436,7 +3878,7 @@ msgid ""
 msgstr ""
 
 #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para>
 msgstr ""
 
 #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para>

-#: freeculture.xml:2581
+#: freeculture.xml:2703

 msgid ""
 "These restrictions have become the focus of researchers and scholars.  "
 "Professor Ed Felten of Princeton (whom we'll see more of in chapter <xref "
 msgid ""
 "These restrictions have become the focus of researchers and scholars.  "
 "Professor Ed Felten of Princeton (whom we'll see more of in chapter <xref "


@@ -3449,7 +3891,7 @@ msgid ""
 msgstr ""
 
 #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para>
 msgstr ""
 
 #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para>

-#: freeculture.xml:2596
+#: freeculture.xml:2718

 msgid ""
 "<quote>This is where education in the twenty-first century is going,</quote> "
 "Brown explains. We need to <quote>understand how kids who grow up digital "
 msgid ""
 "<quote>This is where education in the twenty-first century is going,</quote> "
 "Brown explains. We need to <quote>understand how kids who grow up digital "


@@ -3457,7 +3899,7 @@ msgid ""
 msgstr ""
 
 #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para>
 msgstr ""
 
 #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para>

-#: freeculture.xml:2601
+#: freeculture.xml:2723

 msgid ""
 "<quote>Yet,</quote> as Brown continued, and as the balance of this book will "
 "evince, <quote>we are building a legal system that completely suppresses the "
 msgid ""
 "<quote>Yet,</quote> as Brown continued, and as the balance of this book will "
 "evince, <quote>we are building a legal system that completely suppresses the "


@@ -3467,7 +3909,7 @@ msgid ""
 msgstr ""
 
 #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para>
 msgstr ""
 
 #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para>

-#: freeculture.xml:2609
+#: freeculture.xml:2731

 msgid ""
 "We're building a technology that takes the magic of Kodak, mixes moving "
 "images and sound, and adds a space for commentary and an opportunity to "
 msgid ""
 "We're building a technology that takes the magic of Kodak, mixes moving "
 "images and sound, and adds a space for commentary and an opportunity to "


@@ -3476,7 +3918,7 @@ msgid ""
 msgstr ""
 
 #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para>
 msgstr ""
 
 #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para>

-#: freeculture.xml:2615
+#: freeculture.xml:2737

 msgid ""
 "<quote>No way to run a culture,</quote> as Brewster Kahle, whom we'll meet "
 "in chapter <xref xrefstyle=\"select: labelnumber\" linkend=\"collectors\"/>, "
 msgid ""
 "<quote>No way to run a culture,</quote> as Brewster Kahle, whom we'll meet "
 "in chapter <xref xrefstyle=\"select: labelnumber\" linkend=\"collectors\"/>, "


@@ -3484,32 +3926,33 @@ msgid ""
 msgstr ""
 
 #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><title>
 msgstr ""
 
 #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><title>

-#: freeculture.xml:2622
+#: freeculture.xml:2744

 msgid "CHAPTER THREE: Catalogs"
 msgstr ""
 
 #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><indexterm><primary>
 msgid "CHAPTER THREE: Catalogs"
 msgstr ""
 
 #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><indexterm><primary>

-#: freeculture.xml:2623
+#: freeculture.xml:2745

 msgid "RPI"
 msgstr ""
 
 #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><indexterm><primary>
 msgid "RPI"
 msgstr ""
 
 #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><indexterm><primary>

-#: freeculture.xml:2623 freeculture.xml:2625
+#: freeculture.xml:2745 freeculture.xml:2746

 msgid "Rensselaer Polytechnic Institute (RPI)"
 msgstr ""
 
 #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para>
 msgid "Rensselaer Polytechnic Institute (RPI)"
 msgstr ""
 
 #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para>

-#: freeculture.xml:2628
+#: freeculture.xml:2748

 msgid ""
 msgid ""

-"In the fall of 2002, Jesse Jordan of Oceanside, New York, enrolled as a "
-"freshman at Rensselaer Polytechnic Institute, in Troy, New York.  His major "
-"at RPI was information technology. Though he is not a programmer, in October "
-"Jesse decided to begin to tinker with search engine technology that was "
-"available on the RPI network."
+"<emphasis role='strong'>In the fall</emphasis> of 2002, Jesse Jordan of "
+"Oceanside, New York, enrolled as a freshman at Rensselaer Polytechnic "
+"Institute, in Troy, New York.  His major at RPI was information "
+"technology. Though he is not a programmer, in October Jesse decided to begin "
+"to tinker with search engine technology that was available on the RPI "
+"network."

 msgstr ""
 
 #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para>
 msgstr ""
 
 #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para>

-#: freeculture.xml:2635
+#: freeculture.xml:2756

 msgid ""
 "RPI is one of America's foremost technological research institutions.  It "
 "offers degrees in fields ranging from architecture and engineering to "
 msgid ""
 "RPI is one of America's foremost technological research institutions.  It "
 "offers degrees in fields ranging from architecture and engineering to "


@@ -3520,7 +3963,7 @@ msgid ""
 msgstr ""
 
 #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para>
 msgstr ""
 
 #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para>

-#: freeculture.xml:2643
+#: freeculture.xml:2764

 msgid ""
 "RPI's computer network links students, faculty, and administration to one "
 "another. It also links RPI to the Internet. Not everything available on the "
 msgid ""
 "RPI's computer network links students, faculty, and administration to one "
 "another. It also links RPI to the Internet. Not everything available on the "


@@ -3531,7 +3974,7 @@ msgstr ""
 
 #.  PAGE BREAK 62 
 #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para>
 
 #.  PAGE BREAK 62 
 #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para>

-#: freeculture.xml:2650
+#: freeculture.xml:2771

 msgid ""
 "Search engines are a measure of a network's intimacy. Google brought the "
 "Internet much closer to all of us by fantastically improving the quality of "
 msgid ""
 "Search engines are a measure of a network's intimacy. Google brought the "
 "Internet much closer to all of us by fantastically improving the quality of "


@@ -3545,7 +3988,7 @@ msgid ""
 msgstr ""
 
 #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para>
 msgstr ""
 
 #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para>

-#: freeculture.xml:2662
+#: freeculture.xml:2783

 msgid ""
 "These engines are enabled by the network technology itself.  Microsoft, for "
 "example, has a network file system that makes it very easy for search "
 msgid ""
 "These engines are enabled by the network technology itself.  Microsoft, for "
 "example, has a network file system that makes it very easy for search "


@@ -3556,7 +3999,7 @@ msgid ""
 msgstr ""
 
 #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para>
 msgstr ""
 
 #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para>

-#: freeculture.xml:2671
+#: freeculture.xml:2792

 msgid ""
 "Jesse's wasn't the first search engine built for the RPI network.  Indeed, "
 "his engine was a simple modification of engines that others had built. His "
 msgid ""
 "Jesse's wasn't the first search engine built for the RPI network.  Indeed, "
 "his engine was a simple modification of engines that others had built. His "


@@ -3570,7 +4013,7 @@ msgid ""
 msgstr ""
 
 #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para>
 msgstr ""
 
 #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para>

-#: freeculture.xml:2683
+#: freeculture.xml:2804

 msgid ""
 "Jesse's engine went on-line in late October. Over the following six months, "
 "he continued to tweak it to improve its functionality. By March, the system "
 msgid ""
 "Jesse's engine went on-line in late October. Over the following six months, "
 "he continued to tweak it to improve its functionality. By March, the system "


@@ -3581,7 +4024,7 @@ msgstr ""
 
 #.  PAGE BREAK 63 
 #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para>
 
 #.  PAGE BREAK 63 
 #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para>

-#: freeculture.xml:2690
+#: freeculture.xml:2811

 msgid ""
 "Thus the index his search engine produced included pictures, which students "
 "could use to put on their own Web sites; copies of notes or research; copies "
 msgid ""
 "Thus the index his search engine produced included pictures, which students "
 "could use to put on their own Web sites; copies of notes or research; copies "


@@ -3591,7 +4034,7 @@ msgid ""
 msgstr ""
 
 #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para>
 msgstr ""
 
 #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para>

-#: freeculture.xml:2699
+#: freeculture.xml:2820

 msgid ""
 "But the index also included music files. In fact, one quarter of the files "
 "that Jesse's search engine listed were music files. But that means, of "
 msgid ""
 "But the index also included music files. In fact, one quarter of the files "
 "that Jesse's search engine listed were music files. But that means, of "


@@ -3608,7 +4051,7 @@ msgid ""
 msgstr ""
 
 #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para>
 msgstr ""
 
 #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para>

-#: freeculture.xml:2714
+#: freeculture.xml:2835

 msgid ""
 "On April 3, 2003, Jesse was contacted by the dean of students at RPI. The "
 "dean informed Jesse that the Recording Industry Association of America, the "
 msgid ""
 "On April 3, 2003, Jesse was contacted by the dean of students at RPI. The "
 "dean informed Jesse that the Recording Industry Association of America, the "


@@ -3619,7 +4062,7 @@ msgid ""
 msgstr ""
 
 #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para>
 msgstr ""
 
 #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para>

-#: freeculture.xml:2723
+#: freeculture.xml:2844

 msgid ""
 "<quote>It was absurd,</quote> he told me. <quote>I don't think I did "
 "anything wrong. &hellip; I don't think there's anything wrong with the "
 msgid ""
 "<quote>It was absurd,</quote> he told me. <quote>I don't think I did "
 "anything wrong. &hellip; I don't think there's anything wrong with the "


@@ -3634,13 +4077,13 @@ msgid ""
 msgstr ""
 
 #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><indexterm><primary>
 msgstr ""
 
 #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><indexterm><primary>

-#: freeculture.xml:2735
+#: freeculture.xml:2856

 msgid "statutory damages"
 msgstr ""
 
 #.  PAGE BREAK 64 
 #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para>
 msgid "statutory damages"
 msgstr ""
 
 #.  PAGE BREAK 64 
 #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para>

-#: freeculture.xml:2737
+#: freeculture.xml:2858

 msgid ""
 "But the RIAA branded Jesse a pirate. They claimed he operated a network and "
 "had therefore <quote>willfully</quote> violated copyright laws. They "
 msgid ""
 "But the RIAA branded Jesse a pirate. They claimed he operated a network and "
 "had therefore <quote>willfully</quote> violated copyright laws. They "


@@ -3653,18 +4096,18 @@ msgid ""
 msgstr ""
 
 #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><indexterm><primary>
 msgstr ""
 
 #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><indexterm><primary>

-#: freeculture.xml:2747
+#: freeculture.xml:2868

 msgid "Princeton University"
 msgstr ""
 
 #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><indexterm><primary>
 msgid "Princeton University"
 msgstr ""
 
 #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><indexterm><primary>

-#: freeculture.xml:2748
+#: freeculture.xml:2869

 msgid "Michigan Technical University"
 msgstr ""
 
 #.  f1 
 #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para><footnote><para>
 msgid "Michigan Technical University"
 msgstr ""
 
 #.  f1 
 #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para><footnote><para>

-#: freeculture.xml:2762
+#: freeculture.xml:2883

 msgid ""
 "Tim Goral, <quote>Recording Industry Goes After Campus P-2-P Networks: Suit "
 "Alleges $97.8 Billion in Damages,</quote> <citetitle>Professional Media "
 msgid ""
 "Tim Goral, <quote>Recording Industry Goes After Campus P-2-P Networks: Suit "
 "Alleges $97.8 Billion in Damages,</quote> <citetitle>Professional Media "


@@ -3672,7 +4115,7 @@ msgid ""
 msgstr ""
 
 #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para>
 msgstr ""
 
 #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para>

-#: freeculture.xml:2750
+#: freeculture.xml:2871

 msgid ""
 "Similar lawsuits were brought against three other students: one other "
 "student at RPI, one at Michigan Technical University, and one at "
 msgid ""
 "Similar lawsuits were brought against three other students: one other "
 "student at RPI, one at Michigan Technical University, and one at "


@@ -3687,7 +4130,7 @@ msgid ""
 msgstr ""
 
 #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para>
 msgstr ""
 
 #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para>

-#: freeculture.xml:2769
+#: freeculture.xml:2890

 msgid ""
 "Jesse called his parents. They were supportive but a bit frightened.  An "
 "uncle was a lawyer. He began negotiations with the RIAA. They demanded to "
 msgid ""
 "Jesse called his parents. They were supportive but a bit frightened.  An "
 "uncle was a lawyer. He began negotiations with the RIAA. They demanded to "


@@ -3696,12 +4139,12 @@ msgid ""
 msgstr ""
 
 #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><indexterm><primary>
 msgstr ""
 
 #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><indexterm><primary>

-#: freeculture.xml:2775
+#: freeculture.xml:2896

 msgid "Oppenheimer, Matt"
 msgstr ""
 
 #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para>
 msgid "Oppenheimer, Matt"
 msgstr ""
 
 #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para>

-#: freeculture.xml:2777
+#: freeculture.xml:2898

 msgid ""
 "The RIAA wanted Jesse to admit to doing something wrong. He refused. They "
 "wanted him to agree to an injunction that would essentially make it "
 msgid ""
 "The RIAA wanted Jesse to admit to doing something wrong. He refused. They "
 "wanted him to agree to an injunction that would essentially make it "


@@ -3716,7 +4159,7 @@ msgstr ""
 
 #.  PAGE BREAK 65 
 #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para>
 
 #.  PAGE BREAK 65 
 #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para>

-#: freeculture.xml:2788
+#: freeculture.xml:2909

 msgid ""
 "Jesse's family was outraged at these claims. They wanted to fight.  But "
 "Jesse's uncle worked to educate the family about the nature of the American "
 msgid ""
 "Jesse's family was outraged at these claims. They wanted to fight.  But "
 "Jesse's uncle worked to educate the family about the nature of the American "


@@ -3728,25 +4171,25 @@ msgid ""
 msgstr ""
 
 #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para>
 msgstr ""
 
 #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para>

-#: freeculture.xml:2798
+#: freeculture.xml:2919

 msgid ""
 "So Jesse faced a mafia-like choice: $250,000 and a chance at winning, or "
 "$12,000 and a settlement."
 msgstr ""
 
 #. type: Content of: <book><chapter><section><section><indexterm><primary>
 msgid ""
 "So Jesse faced a mafia-like choice: $250,000 and a chance at winning, or "
 "$12,000 and a settlement."
 msgstr ""
 
 #. type: Content of: <book><chapter><section><section><indexterm><primary>

-#: freeculture.xml:2802 freeculture.xml:3161 freeculture.xml:4084 freeculture.xml:5188 freeculture.xml:5239 freeculture.xml:9620 freeculture.xml:9721 freeculture.xml:9895 freeculture.xml:14433 freeculture.xml:14501
+#: freeculture.xml:2922 freeculture.xml:3278 freeculture.xml:4213 freeculture.xml:5329 freeculture.xml:5378 freeculture.xml:9765 freeculture.xml:9863 freeculture.xml:10032 freeculture.xml:14602 freeculture.xml:14667

 msgid "artists"
 msgstr ""
 
 #. type: Content of: <book><chapter><section><section><indexterm><secondary>
 msgid "artists"
 msgstr ""
 
 #. type: Content of: <book><chapter><section><section><indexterm><secondary>

-#: freeculture.xml:2803 freeculture.xml:3162 freeculture.xml:4085 freeculture.xml:9621 freeculture.xml:9722 freeculture.xml:9896 freeculture.xml:14434 freeculture.xml:14502
+#: freeculture.xml:2922 freeculture.xml:3278 freeculture.xml:4213 freeculture.xml:9765 freeculture.xml:9863 freeculture.xml:10032 freeculture.xml:14602 freeculture.xml:14667

 msgid "recording industry payments to"
 msgstr ""
 
 #.  f2 
 #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para><footnote><para>
 msgid "recording industry payments to"
 msgstr ""
 
 #.  f2 
 #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para><footnote><para>

-#: freeculture.xml:2814
+#: freeculture.xml:2932

 msgid ""
 "Occupational Employment Survey, U.S. Dept. of Labor (2001)  "
 "(27&ndash;2042&mdash;Musicians and Singers). See also National Endowment for "
 msgid ""
 "Occupational Employment Survey, U.S. Dept. of Labor (2001)  "
 "(27&ndash;2042&mdash;Musicians and Singers). See also National Endowment for "


@@ -3755,7 +4198,7 @@ msgstr ""
 
 #.  f3 
 #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para><footnote><para>
 
 #.  f3 
 #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para><footnote><para>

-#: freeculture.xml:2822
+#: freeculture.xml:2940

 msgid ""
 "Douglas Lichtman makes a related point in <quote>KaZaA and "
 "Punishment,</quote> <citetitle>Wall Street Journal</citetitle>, 10 September "
 msgid ""
 "Douglas Lichtman makes a related point in <quote>KaZaA and "
 "Punishment,</quote> <citetitle>Wall Street Journal</citetitle>, 10 September "


@@ -3763,7 +4206,7 @@ msgid ""
 msgstr ""
 
 #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para>
 msgstr ""
 
 #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para>

-#: freeculture.xml:2806
+#: freeculture.xml:2924

 msgid ""
 "The recording industry insists this is a matter of law and morality.  Let's "
 "put the law aside for a moment and think about the morality.  Where is the "
 msgid ""
 "The recording industry insists this is a matter of law and morality.  Let's "
 "put the law aside for a moment and think about the morality.  Where is the "


@@ -3777,7 +4220,7 @@ msgid ""
 msgstr ""
 
 #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para>
 msgstr ""
 
 #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para>

-#: freeculture.xml:2827
+#: freeculture.xml:2945

 msgid ""
 "On June 23, Jesse wired his savings to the lawyer working for the RIAA. The "
 "case against him was then dismissed. And with this, this kid who had "
 msgid ""
 "On June 23, Jesse wired his savings to the lawyer working for the RIAA. The "
 "case against him was then dismissed. And with this, this kid who had "


@@ -3785,7 +4228,7 @@ msgid ""
 msgstr ""
 
 #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><blockquote><para>
 msgstr ""
 
 #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><blockquote><para>

-#: freeculture.xml:2834
+#: freeculture.xml:2952

 msgid ""
 "I was definitely not an activist [before]. I never really meant to be an "
 "activist. &hellip; [But] I've been pushed into this. In no way did I ever "
 msgid ""
 "I was definitely not an activist [before]. I never really meant to be an "
 "activist. &hellip; [But] I've been pushed into this. In no way did I ever "


@@ -3794,7 +4237,7 @@ msgid ""
 msgstr ""
 
 #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para>
 msgstr ""
 
 #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para>

-#: freeculture.xml:2841
+#: freeculture.xml:2959

 msgid ""
 "Jesse's parents betray a certain pride in their reluctant activist. As his "
 "father told me, Jesse <quote>considers himself very conservative, and so do "
 msgid ""
 "Jesse's parents betray a certain pride in their reluctant activist. As his "
 "father told me, Jesse <quote>considers himself very conservative, and so do "


@@ -3804,15 +4247,15 @@ msgid ""
 msgstr ""
 
 #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><title>
 msgstr ""
 
 #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><title>

-#: freeculture.xml:2850
+#: freeculture.xml:2968

 msgid "CHAPTER FOUR: <quote>Pirates</quote>"
 msgstr ""
 
 #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para>
 msgid "CHAPTER FOUR: <quote>Pirates</quote>"
 msgstr ""
 
 #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para>

-#: freeculture.xml:2853
+#: freeculture.xml:2971

 msgid ""
 msgid ""

-"<emphasis role=\"strong\">If <quote>piracy</quote> means</emphasis> using "
-"the creative property of others without their permission&mdash;if <quote>if "
+"<emphasis role='strong'>If <quote>piracy</quote> means</emphasis> using the "
+"creative property of others without their permission&mdash;if <quote>if "

 "value, then right</quote> is true&mdash;then the history of the content "
 "industry is a history of piracy. Every important sector of <quote>big "
 "media</quote> today&mdash;film, records, radio, and cable TV&mdash;was born "
 "value, then right</quote> is true&mdash;then the history of the content "
 "industry is a history of piracy. Every important sector of <quote>big "
 "media</quote> today&mdash;film, records, radio, and cable TV&mdash;was born "


@@ -3821,23 +4264,22 @@ msgid ""
 msgstr ""
 
 #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><section><title>
 msgstr ""
 
 #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><section><title>

-#: freeculture.xml:2864
+#: freeculture.xml:2982

 msgid "Film"
 msgstr ""
 
 #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><section><para><footnote><para>
 msgid "Film"
 msgstr ""
 
 #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><section><para><footnote><para>

-#: freeculture.xml:2868
+#: freeculture.xml:2986

 msgid ""
 msgid ""

-"I am grateful to Peter DiMauro for pointing me to this extraordinary "
-"history. See also Siva Vaidhyanathan, <citetitle>Copyrights and "
-"Copywrongs</citetitle>, 87&ndash;93, which details Edison's "
-"<quote>adventures</quote> with copyright and patent.  <placeholder "
-"type=\"indexterm\" id=\"0\"/>"
+"<placeholder type=\"indexterm\" id=\"0\"/> I am grateful to Peter DiMauro "
+"for pointing me to this extraordinary history. See also Siva Vaidhyanathan, "
+"<citetitle>Copyrights and Copywrongs</citetitle>, 87&ndash;93, which details "
+"Edison's <quote>adventures</quote> with copyright and patent."

 msgstr ""
 
 #.  PAGE BREAK 67 
 #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><section><para>
 msgstr ""
 
 #.  PAGE BREAK 67 
 #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><section><para>

-#: freeculture.xml:2866
+#: freeculture.xml:2984

 msgid ""
 "The film industry of Hollywood was built by fleeing pirates.<placeholder "
 "type=\"footnote\" id=\"0\"/> Creators and directors migrated from the East "
 msgid ""
 "The film industry of Hollywood was built by fleeing pirates.<placeholder "
 "type=\"footnote\" id=\"0\"/> Creators and directors migrated from the East "


@@ -3851,12 +4293,12 @@ msgid ""
 msgstr ""
 
 #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><section><para>
 msgstr ""
 
 #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><section><para>

-#: freeculture.xml:2884
+#: freeculture.xml:3002

 msgid "As one commentator tells one part of the story,"
 msgstr ""
 
 #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><section><blockquote><para>
 msgid "As one commentator tells one part of the story,"
 msgstr ""
 
 #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><section><blockquote><para>

-#: freeculture.xml:2888
+#: freeculture.xml:3006

 msgid ""
 "A January 1909 deadline was set for all companies to comply with the "
 "license. By February, unlicensed outlaws, who referred to themselves as "
 msgid ""
 "A January 1909 deadline was set for all companies to comply with the "
 "license. By February, unlicensed outlaws, who referred to themselves as "


@@ -3866,13 +4308,28 @@ msgid ""
 "imported film stock to create their own underground market."
 msgstr ""
 
 "imported film stock to create their own underground market."
 msgstr ""
 

+#. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><section><blockquote><indexterm><primary>
+#: freeculture.xml:3014
+msgid "Fox, William"
+msgstr ""
+
+#. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><section><blockquote><indexterm><primary>
+#: freeculture.xml:3015
+msgid "General Film Company"
+msgstr ""
+
+#. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><section><para><footnote><para><indexterm><primary>
+#: freeculture.xml:3016 freeculture.xml:3296 freeculture.xml:4428 freeculture.xml:9905
+msgid "Picker, Randal C."
+msgstr ""
+

 #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><section><para><footnote><para><indexterm><primary>
 #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><section><para><footnote><para><indexterm><primary>

-#: freeculture.xml:2919 freeculture.xml:4297 freeculture.xml:9496 freeculture.xml:9614
+#: freeculture.xml:3040 freeculture.xml:4427 freeculture.xml:9639 freeculture.xml:9760

 msgid "broadcast flag"
 msgstr ""
 
 #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><section><blockquote><para><footnote><para>
 msgid "broadcast flag"
 msgstr ""
 
 #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><section><blockquote><para><footnote><para>

-#: freeculture.xml:2908
+#: freeculture.xml:3029

 msgid ""
 "J. A. Aberdeen, <citetitle>Hollywood Renegades: The Society of Independent "
 "Motion Picture Producers</citetitle> (Cobblestone Entertainment, 2000) and "
 msgid ""
 "J. A. Aberdeen, <citetitle>Hollywood Renegades: The Society of Independent "
 "Motion Picture Producers</citetitle> (Cobblestone Entertainment, 2000) and "


@@ -3887,23 +4344,8 @@ msgid ""
 "No. 159.  <placeholder type=\"indexterm\" id=\"0\"/>"
 msgstr ""
 
 "No. 159.  <placeholder type=\"indexterm\" id=\"0\"/>"
 msgstr ""
 

-#. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><section><blockquote><para><indexterm><primary>
-#: freeculture.xml:2921
-msgid "Fox, William"
-msgstr ""
-
-#. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><section><blockquote><para><indexterm><primary>
-#: freeculture.xml:2922
-msgid "General Film Company"
-msgstr ""
-
-#. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><section><para><footnote><para><indexterm><primary>
-#: freeculture.xml:2923 freeculture.xml:3181 freeculture.xml:4298 freeculture.xml:9765
-msgid "Picker, Randal C."
-msgstr ""
-

 #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><section><blockquote><para>
 #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><section><blockquote><para>

-#: freeculture.xml:2897
+#: freeculture.xml:3018

 msgid ""
 "With the country experiencing a tremendous expansion in the number of "
 "nickelodeons, the Patents Company reacted to the independent movement by "
 msgid ""
 "With the country experiencing a tremendous expansion in the number of "
 "nickelodeons, the Patents Company reacted to the independent movement by "


@@ -3914,14 +4356,12 @@ msgid ""
 "effectively monopolized distribution with the acquisition of all U.S. film "
 "exchanges, except for the one owned by the independent William Fox who "
 "defied the Trust even after his license was revoked.<placeholder "
 "effectively monopolized distribution with the acquisition of all U.S. film "
 "exchanges, except for the one owned by the independent William Fox who "
 "defied the Trust even after his license was revoked.<placeholder "

-"type=\"footnote\" id=\"0\"/> <placeholder type=\"indexterm\" id=\"1\"/> "
-"<placeholder type=\"indexterm\" id=\"2\"/> <placeholder type=\"indexterm\" "
-"id=\"3\"/>"
+"type=\"footnote\" id=\"0\"/>"

 msgstr ""
 
 #.  f3 
 #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><section><para><footnote><para>
 msgstr ""
 
 #.  f3 
 #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><section><para><footnote><para>

-#: freeculture.xml:2933
+#: freeculture.xml:3051

 msgid ""
 "Marc Wanamaker, <quote>The First Studios,</quote> <citetitle>The Silents "
 "Majority</citetitle>, archived at <ulink "
 msgid ""
 "Marc Wanamaker, <quote>The First Studios,</quote> <citetitle>The Silents "
 "Majority</citetitle>, archived at <ulink "


@@ -3929,7 +4369,7 @@ msgid ""
 msgstr ""
 
 #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><section><para>
 msgstr ""
 
 #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><section><para>

-#: freeculture.xml:2927
+#: freeculture.xml:3045

 msgid ""
 "The Napsters of those days, the <quote>independents,</quote> were companies "
 "like Fox. And no less than today, these independents were vigorously "
 msgid ""
 "The Napsters of those days, the <quote>independents,</quote> were companies "
 "like Fox. And no less than today, these independents were vigorously "


@@ -3944,7 +4384,7 @@ msgstr ""
 
 #.  PAGE BREAK 68 
 #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><section><para>
 
 #.  PAGE BREAK 68 
 #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><section><para>

-#: freeculture.xml:2943
+#: freeculture.xml:3061

 msgid ""
 "Of course, California grew quickly, and the effective enforcement of federal "
 "law eventually spread west. But because patents grant the patent holder a "
 msgid ""
 "Of course, California grew quickly, and the effective enforcement of federal "
 "law eventually spread west. But because patents grant the patent holder a "


@@ -3955,29 +4395,29 @@ msgid ""
 msgstr ""
 
 #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><section><title>
 msgstr ""
 
 #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><section><title>

-#: freeculture.xml:2954
+#: freeculture.xml:3072

 msgid "Recorded Music"
 msgstr ""
 
 #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><section><para>
 msgid "Recorded Music"
 msgstr ""
 
 #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><section><para>

-#: freeculture.xml:2956
+#: freeculture.xml:3074

 msgid ""
 "The record industry was born of another kind of piracy, though to see how "
 "requires a bit of detail about the way the law regulates music."
 msgstr ""
 
 #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><section><indexterm><primary>
 msgid ""
 "The record industry was born of another kind of piracy, though to see how "
 "requires a bit of detail about the way the law regulates music."
 msgstr ""
 
 #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><section><indexterm><primary>

-#: freeculture.xml:2960
+#: freeculture.xml:3077

 msgid "Fourneaux, Henri"
 msgstr ""
 
 #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><section><indexterm><primary>
 msgid "Fourneaux, Henri"
 msgstr ""
 
 #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><section><indexterm><primary>

-#: freeculture.xml:2962
+#: freeculture.xml:3078

 msgid "Russel, Phil"
 msgstr ""
 
 #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><section><para>
 msgid "Russel, Phil"
 msgstr ""
 
 #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><section><para>

-#: freeculture.xml:2964
+#: freeculture.xml:3080

 msgid ""
 "At the time that Edison and Henri Fourneaux invented machines for "
 "reproducing music (Edison the phonograph, Fourneaux the player piano), the "
 msgid ""
 "At the time that Edison and Henri Fourneaux invented machines for "
 "reproducing music (Edison the phonograph, Fourneaux the player piano), the "


@@ -3990,12 +4430,12 @@ msgid ""
 msgstr ""
 
 #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><section><para><indexterm><primary>
 msgstr ""
 
 #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><section><para><indexterm><primary>

-#: freeculture.xml:2973 freeculture.xml:3122
+#: freeculture.xml:3089 freeculture.xml:3240

 msgid "Beatles"
 msgstr ""
 
 #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><section><para>
 msgid "Beatles"
 msgstr ""
 
 #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><section><para>

-#: freeculture.xml:2975
+#: freeculture.xml:3091

 msgid ""
 "But what if I wanted to record <quote>Happy Mose,</quote> using Edison's "
 "phonograph or Fourneaux's player piano? Here the law stumbled. It was clear "
 msgid ""
 "But what if I wanted to record <quote>Happy Mose,</quote> using Edison's "
 "phonograph or Fourneaux's player piano? Here the law stumbled. It was clear "


@@ -4015,12 +4455,12 @@ msgid ""
 msgstr ""
 
 #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><section><blockquote><para><footnote><para><indexterm><primary>
 msgstr ""
 
 #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><section><blockquote><para><footnote><para><indexterm><primary>

-#: freeculture.xml:2998 freeculture.xml:3015
+#: freeculture.xml:3114 freeculture.xml:3131

 msgid "Kittredge, Alfred"
 msgstr ""
 
 #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><section><para>
 msgid "Kittredge, Alfred"
 msgstr ""
 
 #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><section><para>

-#: freeculture.xml:2994
+#: freeculture.xml:3110

 msgid ""
 "The composers (and publishers) were none too happy about this capacity to "
 "pirate. As South Dakota senator Alfred Kittredge put it, <placeholder "
 msgid ""
 "The composers (and publishers) were none too happy about this capacity to "
 "pirate. As South Dakota senator Alfred Kittredge put it, <placeholder "


@@ -4028,7 +4468,7 @@ msgid ""
 msgstr ""
 
 #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><section><blockquote><para><footnote><para>
 msgstr ""
 
 #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><section><blockquote><para><footnote><para>

-#: freeculture.xml:3009
+#: freeculture.xml:3125

 msgid ""
 "To Amend and Consolidate the Acts Respecting Copyright: Hearings on S. 6330 "
 "and H.R. 19853 Before the ( Joint) Committees on Patents, 59th Cong. 59, 1st "
 msgid ""
 "To Amend and Consolidate the Acts Respecting Copyright: Hearings on S. 6330 "
 "and H.R. 19853 Before the ( Joint) Committees on Patents, 59th Cong. 59, 1st "


@@ -4040,7 +4480,7 @@ msgid ""
 msgstr ""
 
 #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><section><blockquote><para>
 msgstr ""
 
 #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><section><blockquote><para>

-#: freeculture.xml:3002
+#: freeculture.xml:3118

 msgid ""
 "Imagine the injustice of the thing. A composer writes a song or an opera. A "
 "publisher buys at great expense the rights to the same and copyrights "
 msgid ""
 "Imagine the injustice of the thing. A composer writes a song or an opera. A "
 "publisher buys at great expense the rights to the same and copyrights "


@@ -4051,13 +4491,13 @@ msgid ""
 msgstr ""
 
 #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><section><indexterm><primary>
 msgstr ""
 
 #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><section><indexterm><primary>

-#: freeculture.xml:3019
+#: freeculture.xml:3135

 msgid "Sousa, John Philip"
 msgstr ""
 
 #.  f5 
 #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><section><para><footnote><para>
 msgid "Sousa, John Philip"
 msgstr ""
 
 #.  f5 
 #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><section><para><footnote><para>

-#: freeculture.xml:3025
+#: freeculture.xml:3141

 msgid ""
 "To Amend and Consolidate the Acts Respecting Copyright, 223 (statement of "
 "Nathan Burkan, attorney for the Music Publishers Association)."
 msgid ""
 "To Amend and Consolidate the Acts Respecting Copyright, 223 (statement of "
 "Nathan Burkan, attorney for the Music Publishers Association)."


@@ -4065,7 +4505,7 @@ msgstr ""
 
 #.  f6 
 #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><section><para><footnote><para>
 
 #.  f6 
 #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><section><para><footnote><para>

-#: freeculture.xml:3031
+#: freeculture.xml:3147

 msgid ""
 "To Amend and Consolidate the Acts Respecting Copyright, 226 (statement of "
 "Nathan Burkan, attorney for the Music Publishers Association)."
 msgid ""
 "To Amend and Consolidate the Acts Respecting Copyright, 226 (statement of "
 "Nathan Burkan, attorney for the Music Publishers Association)."


@@ -4073,14 +4513,14 @@ msgstr ""
 
 #.  f7 
 #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><section><para><footnote><para>
 
 #.  f7 
 #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><section><para><footnote><para>

-#: freeculture.xml:3038
+#: freeculture.xml:3154

 msgid ""
 "To Amend and Consolidate the Acts Respecting Copyright, 23 (statement of "
 "John Philip Sousa, composer)."
 msgstr ""
 
 #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><section><para>
 msgid ""
 "To Amend and Consolidate the Acts Respecting Copyright, 23 (statement of "
 "John Philip Sousa, composer)."
 msgstr ""
 
 #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><section><para>

-#: freeculture.xml:3021
+#: freeculture.xml:3137

 msgid ""
 "The innovators who developed the technology to record other people's works "
 "were <quote>sponging upon the toil, the work, the talent, and genius of "
 msgid ""
 "The innovators who developed the technology to record other people's works "
 "were <quote>sponging upon the toil, the work, the talent, and genius of "


@@ -4092,9 +4532,19 @@ msgid ""
 "type=\"footnote\" id=\"2\"/>"
 msgstr ""
 
 "type=\"footnote\" id=\"2\"/>"
 msgstr ""
 

+#. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><section><indexterm><primary>
+#: freeculture.xml:3158
+msgid "American Graphophone Company"
+msgstr ""
+
+#. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><section><indexterm><primary>
+#: freeculture.xml:3159
+msgid "player pianos"
+msgstr ""
+

 #.  f8 
 #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><section><para><footnote><para>
 #.  f8 
 #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><section><para><footnote><para>

-#: freeculture.xml:3051
+#: freeculture.xml:3170

 msgid ""
 "To Amend and Consolidate the Acts Respecting Copyright, 283&ndash;84 "
 "(statement of Albert Walker, representative of the Auto-Music Perforating "
 msgid ""
 "To Amend and Consolidate the Acts Respecting Copyright, 283&ndash;84 "
 "(statement of Albert Walker, representative of the Auto-Music Perforating "


@@ -4103,20 +4553,15 @@ msgstr ""
 
 #.  f9 
 #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><section><para><footnote><para>
 
 #.  f9 
 #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><section><para><footnote><para>

-#: freeculture.xml:3062
+#: freeculture.xml:3181

 msgid ""
 "To Amend and Consolidate the Acts Respecting Copyright, 376 (prepared "
 "memorandum of Philip Mauro, general patent counsel of the American "
 "Graphophone Company Association)."
 msgstr ""
 
 msgid ""
 "To Amend and Consolidate the Acts Respecting Copyright, 376 (prepared "
 "memorandum of Philip Mauro, general patent counsel of the American "
 "Graphophone Company Association)."
 msgstr ""
 

-#. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><section><para><indexterm><primary>
-#: freeculture.xml:3066
-msgid "American Graphophone Company"
-msgstr ""
-

 #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><section><para>
 #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><section><para>

-#: freeculture.xml:3043
+#: freeculture.xml:3162

 msgid ""
 "These arguments have familiar echoes in the wars of our day. So, too, do the "
 "arguments on the other side. The innovators who developed the player piano "
 msgid ""
 "These arguments have familiar echoes in the wars of our day. So, too, do the "
 "arguments on the other side. The innovators who developed the player piano "


@@ -4129,13 +4574,12 @@ msgid ""
 "are.</quote> <quote>All talk about `theft,'</quote> the general counsel of "
 "the American Graphophone Company wrote, <quote>is the merest claptrap, for "
 "there exists no property in ideas musical, literary or artistic, except as "
 "are.</quote> <quote>All talk about `theft,'</quote> the general counsel of "
 "the American Graphophone Company wrote, <quote>is the merest claptrap, for "
 "there exists no property in ideas musical, literary or artistic, except as "

-"defined by statute.</quote><placeholder type=\"footnote\" id=\"1\"/> "
-"<placeholder type=\"indexterm\" id=\"2\"/>"
+"defined by statute.</quote><placeholder type=\"footnote\" id=\"1\"/>"

 msgstr ""
 
 #.  PAGE BREAK 70 
 #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><section><para>
 msgstr ""
 
 #.  PAGE BREAK 70 
 #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><section><para>

-#: freeculture.xml:3069
+#: freeculture.xml:3187

 msgid ""
 "The law soon resolved this battle in favor of the composer "
 "<emphasis>and</emphasis> the recording artist. Congress amended the law to "
 msgid ""
 "The law soon resolved this battle in favor of the composer "
 "<emphasis>and</emphasis> the recording artist. Congress amended the law to "


@@ -4150,7 +4594,7 @@ msgid ""
 msgstr ""
 
 #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><section><para>
 msgstr ""
 
 #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><section><para>

-#: freeculture.xml:3084
+#: freeculture.xml:3202

 msgid ""
 "American law ordinarily calls this a <quote>compulsory license,</quote> but "
 "I will refer to it as a <quote>statutory license.</quote> A statutory "
 msgid ""
 "American law ordinarily calls this a <quote>compulsory license,</quote> but "
 "I will refer to it as a <quote>statutory license.</quote> A statutory "


@@ -4161,12 +4605,12 @@ msgid ""
 msgstr ""
 
 #. type: Content of: <book><chapter><section><section><para><indexterm><primary>
 msgstr ""
 
 #. type: Content of: <book><chapter><section><section><para><indexterm><primary>

-#: freeculture.xml:3099 freeculture.xml:14133
+#: freeculture.xml:3217 freeculture.xml:14298

 msgid "Grisham, John"
 msgstr ""
 
 #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><section><para>
 msgid "Grisham, John"
 msgstr ""
 
 #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><section><para>

-#: freeculture.xml:3092
+#: freeculture.xml:3210

 msgid ""
 "This is an exception within the law of copyright. When John Grisham writes a "
 "novel, a publisher is free to publish that novel only if Grisham gives the "
 msgid ""
 "This is an exception within the law of copyright. When John Grisham writes a "
 "novel, a publisher is free to publish that novel only if Grisham gives the "


@@ -4179,7 +4623,7 @@ msgstr ""
 
 #.  f10 
 #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><section><para><footnote><para>
 
 #.  f10 
 #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><section><para><footnote><para>

-#: freeculture.xml:3116
+#: freeculture.xml:3234

 msgid ""
 "Copyright Law Revision: Hearings on S. 2499, S. 2900, H.R. 243, and "
 "H.R. 11794 Before the ( Joint) Committee on Patents, 60th Cong., 1st sess., "
 msgid ""
 "Copyright Law Revision: Hearings on S. 2499, S. 2900, H.R. 243, and "
 "H.R. 11794 Before the ( Joint) Committee on Patents, 60th Cong., 1st sess., "


@@ -4190,7 +4634,7 @@ msgid ""
 msgstr ""
 
 #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><section><para>
 msgstr ""
 
 #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><section><para>

-#: freeculture.xml:3102
+#: freeculture.xml:3220

 msgid ""
 "But the law governing recordings gives recording artists less. And thus, in "
 "effect, the law <emphasis>subsidizes</emphasis> the recording industry "
 msgid ""
 "But the law governing recordings gives recording artists less. And thus, in "
 "effect, the law <emphasis>subsidizes</emphasis> the recording industry "


@@ -4207,7 +4651,7 @@ msgid ""
 msgstr ""
 
 #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><section><para>
 msgstr ""
 
 #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><section><para>

-#: freeculture.xml:3125
+#: freeculture.xml:3243

 msgid ""
 "While the recording industry has been quite coy about this recently, "
 "historically it has been quite a supporter of the statutory license for "
 msgid ""
 "While the recording industry has been quite coy about this recently, "
 "historically it has been quite a supporter of the statutory license for "


@@ -4216,7 +4660,7 @@ msgstr ""
 
 #.  f11 
 #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><section><blockquote><para><footnote><para>
 
 #.  f11 
 #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><section><blockquote><para><footnote><para>

-#: freeculture.xml:3147
+#: freeculture.xml:3265

 msgid ""
 "Copyright Law Revision: Report to Accompany H.R. 2512, House Committee on "
 "the Judiciary, 90th Cong., 1st sess., House Document no. 83, (8 March "
 msgid ""
 "Copyright Law Revision: Report to Accompany H.R. 2512, House Committee on "
 "the Judiciary, 90th Cong., 1st sess., House Document no. 83, (8 March "


@@ -4224,7 +4668,7 @@ msgid ""
 msgstr ""
 
 #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><section><blockquote><para>
 msgstr ""
 
 #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><section><blockquote><para>

-#: freeculture.xml:3132
+#: freeculture.xml:3250

 msgid ""
 "the record producers argued vigorously that the compulsory license system "
 "must be retained. They asserted that the record industry is a "
 msgid ""
 "the record producers argued vigorously that the compulsory license system "
 "must be retained. They asserted that the record industry is a "


@@ -4241,29 +4685,29 @@ msgid ""
 msgstr ""
 
 #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><section><para>
 msgstr ""
 
 #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><section><para>

-#: freeculture.xml:3154
+#: freeculture.xml:3272

 msgid ""
 "By limiting the rights musicians have, by partially pirating their creative "
 "work, the record producers, and the public, benefit."
 msgstr ""
 
 #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><section><informaltable><tgroup><tbody><row><entry>
 msgid ""
 "By limiting the rights musicians have, by partially pirating their creative "
 "work, the record producers, and the public, benefit."
 msgstr ""
 
 #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><section><informaltable><tgroup><tbody><row><entry>

-#: freeculture.xml:3159 freeculture.xml:4262
+#: freeculture.xml:3277 freeculture.xml:4392

 msgid "Radio"
 msgstr ""
 
 #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><section><para>
 msgid "Radio"
 msgstr ""
 
 #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><section><para>

-#: freeculture.xml:3165
+#: freeculture.xml:3280

 msgid "Radio was also born of piracy."
 msgstr ""
 
 #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><section><para><footnote><para><indexterm><primary>
 msgid "Radio was also born of piracy."
 msgstr ""
 
 #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><section><para><footnote><para><indexterm><primary>

-#: freeculture.xml:3180
+#: freeculture.xml:3295

 msgid "Hand, Learned"
 msgstr ""
 
 #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><section><para><footnote><para>
 msgid "Hand, Learned"
 msgstr ""
 
 #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><section><para><footnote><para>

-#: freeculture.xml:3171
+#: freeculture.xml:3286

 msgid ""
 "See 17 <citetitle>United States Code</citetitle>, sections 106 and 110. At "
 "the beginning, record companies printed <quote>Not Licensed for Radio "
 msgid ""
 "See 17 <citetitle>United States Code</citetitle>, sections 106 and 110. At "
 "the beginning, record companies printed <quote>Not Licensed for Radio "


@@ -4280,7 +4724,7 @@ msgid ""
 msgstr ""
 
 #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><section><para>
 msgstr ""
 
 #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><section><para>

-#: freeculture.xml:3168
+#: freeculture.xml:3283

 msgid ""
 "When a radio station plays a record on the air, that constitutes a "
 "<quote>public performance</quote> of the composer's work.<placeholder "
 msgid ""
 "When a radio station plays a record on the air, that constitutes a "
 "<quote>public performance</quote> of the composer's work.<placeholder "


@@ -4291,13 +4735,13 @@ msgid ""
 msgstr ""
 
 #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para><indexterm><primary>
 msgstr ""
 
 #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para><indexterm><primary>

-#: freeculture.xml:3198 freeculture.xml:8837 freeculture.xml:9301 freeculture.xml:12271
+#: freeculture.xml:3313 freeculture.xml:8974 freeculture.xml:9433 freeculture.xml:12427

 msgid "Lovett, Lyle"
 msgstr ""
 
 #.  PAGE BREAK 72 
 #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><section><para>
 msgid "Lovett, Lyle"
 msgstr ""
 
 #.  PAGE BREAK 72 
 #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><section><para>

-#: freeculture.xml:3188
+#: freeculture.xml:3303

 msgid ""
 "But when the radio station plays a record, it is not only performing a copy "
 "of the <emphasis>composer's</emphasis> work. The radio station is also "
 msgid ""
 "But when the radio station plays a record, it is not only performing a copy "
 "of the <emphasis>composer's</emphasis> work. The radio station is also "


@@ -4312,7 +4756,7 @@ msgid ""
 msgstr ""
 
 #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><section><para>
 msgstr ""
 
 #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><section><para>

-#: freeculture.xml:3203
+#: freeculture.xml:3318

 msgid ""
 "But it doesn't. Under the law governing radio performances, the radio "
 "station does not have to pay the recording artist. The radio station need "
 msgid ""
 "But it doesn't. Under the law governing radio performances, the radio "
 "station does not have to pay the recording artist. The radio station need "


@@ -4322,12 +4766,12 @@ msgid ""
 msgstr ""
 
 #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para><indexterm><primary>
 msgstr ""
 
 #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para><indexterm><primary>

-#: freeculture.xml:3211 freeculture.xml:3720 freeculture.xml:6137
+#: freeculture.xml:3325 freeculture.xml:3830 freeculture.xml:6291

 msgid "Madonna"
 msgstr ""
 
 #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><section><para>
 msgid "Madonna"
 msgstr ""
 
 #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><section><para>

-#: freeculture.xml:3214
+#: freeculture.xml:3327

 msgid ""
 "This difference can be huge. Imagine you compose a piece of music.  Imagine "
 "it is your first. You own the exclusive right to authorize public "
 msgid ""
 "This difference can be huge. Imagine you compose a piece of music.  Imagine "
 "it is your first. You own the exclusive right to authorize public "


@@ -4336,7 +4780,7 @@ msgid ""
 msgstr ""
 
 #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><section><para>
 msgstr ""
 
 #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><section><para>

-#: freeculture.xml:3220
+#: freeculture.xml:3333

 msgid ""
 "Imagine she does sing your song, and imagine she likes it a lot. She then "
 "decides to make a recording of your song, and it becomes a top hit. Under "
 msgid ""
 "Imagine she does sing your song, and imagine she likes it a lot. She then "
 "decides to make a recording of your song, and it becomes a top hit. Under "


@@ -4348,7 +4792,7 @@ msgid ""
 msgstr ""
 
 #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><section><para>
 msgstr ""
 
 #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><section><para>

-#: freeculture.xml:3231
+#: freeculture.xml:3344

 msgid ""
 "No doubt, one might argue that, on balance, the recording artists "
 "benefit. On average, the promotion they get is worth more than the "
 msgid ""
 "No doubt, one might argue that, on balance, the recording artists "
 "benefit. On average, the promotion they get is worth more than the "


@@ -4359,18 +4803,23 @@ msgid ""
 msgstr ""
 
 #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><section><informaltable><tgroup><tbody><row><entry>
 msgstr ""
 
 #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><section><informaltable><tgroup><tbody><row><entry>

-#: freeculture.xml:3241 freeculture.xml:4268
+#: freeculture.xml:3354 freeculture.xml:4398

 msgid "Cable TV"
 msgstr ""
 
 msgid "Cable TV"
 msgstr ""
 

+#. type: Content of: <book><chapter><section><section><indexterm><primary>
+#: freeculture.xml:3355 freeculture.xml:4226 freeculture.xml:8169 freeculture.xml:8208 freeculture.xml:14700
+msgid "cable television"
+msgstr ""
+

 #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><section><para>
 #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><section><para>

-#: freeculture.xml:3244
+#: freeculture.xml:3357

 msgid "Cable TV was also born of a kind of piracy."
 msgstr ""
 
 #.  PAGE BREAK 73 
 #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><section><para>
 msgid "Cable TV was also born of a kind of piracy."
 msgstr ""
 
 #.  PAGE BREAK 73 
 #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><section><para>

-#: freeculture.xml:3247
+#: freeculture.xml:3360

 msgid ""
 "When cable entrepreneurs first started wiring communities with cable "
 "television in 1948, most refused to pay broadcasters for the content that "
 msgid ""
 "When cable entrepreneurs first started wiring communities with cable "
 "television in 1948, most refused to pay broadcasters for the content that "


@@ -4382,22 +4831,22 @@ msgid ""
 msgstr ""
 
 #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><section><indexterm><primary>
 msgstr ""
 
 #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><section><indexterm><primary>

-#: freeculture.xml:3257
+#: freeculture.xml:3370

 msgid "Anello, Douglas"
 msgstr ""
 
 #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><section><indexterm><primary>
 msgid "Anello, Douglas"
 msgstr ""
 
 #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><section><indexterm><primary>

-#: freeculture.xml:3258
+#: freeculture.xml:3371

 msgid "Burdick, Quentin"
 msgstr ""
 
 #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><section><para><footnote><para><indexterm><primary>
 msgid "Burdick, Quentin"
 msgstr ""
 
 #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><section><para><footnote><para><indexterm><primary>

-#: freeculture.xml:3259 freeculture.xml:3270
+#: freeculture.xml:3372 freeculture.xml:3383

 msgid "Hyde, Rosel H."
 msgstr ""
 
 #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><section><para><footnote><para>
 msgid "Hyde, Rosel H."
 msgstr ""
 
 #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><section><para><footnote><para>

-#: freeculture.xml:3265
+#: freeculture.xml:3378

 msgid ""
 "Copyright Law Revision&mdash;CATV: Hearing on S. 1006 Before the "
 "Subcommittee on Patents, Trademarks, and Copyrights of the Senate Committee "
 msgid ""
 "Copyright Law Revision&mdash;CATV: Hearing on S. 1006 Before the "
 "Subcommittee on Patents, Trademarks, and Copyrights of the Senate Committee "


@@ -4408,14 +4857,14 @@ msgstr ""
 
 #.  f14 
 #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><section><para><footnote><para>
 
 #.  f14 
 #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><section><para><footnote><para>

-#: freeculture.xml:3277
+#: freeculture.xml:3390

 msgid ""
 "Copyright Law Revision&mdash;CATV, 116 (statement of Douglas A. Anello, "
 "general counsel of the National Association of Broadcasters)."
 msgstr ""
 
 #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><section><para>
 msgid ""
 "Copyright Law Revision&mdash;CATV, 116 (statement of Douglas A. Anello, "
 "general counsel of the National Association of Broadcasters)."
 msgstr ""
 
 #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><section><para>

-#: freeculture.xml:3261
+#: freeculture.xml:3374

 msgid ""
 "Broadcasters and copyright owners were quick to attack this theft.  Rosel "
 "Hyde, chairman of the FCC, viewed the practice as a kind of <quote>unfair "
 msgid ""
 "Broadcasters and copyright owners were quick to attack this theft.  Rosel "
 "Hyde, chairman of the FCC, viewed the practice as a kind of <quote>unfair "


@@ -4430,14 +4879,14 @@ msgstr ""
 
 #.  f15 
 #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><section><blockquote><para><footnote><para>
 
 #.  f15 
 #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><section><blockquote><para><footnote><para>

-#: freeculture.xml:3288
+#: freeculture.xml:3401

 msgid ""
 "Copyright Law Revision&mdash;CATV, 126 (statement of Ernest W. Jennes, "
 "general counsel of the Association of Maximum Service Telecasters, Inc.)."
 msgstr ""
 
 #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><section><blockquote><para>
 msgid ""
 "Copyright Law Revision&mdash;CATV, 126 (statement of Ernest W. Jennes, "
 "general counsel of the Association of Maximum Service Telecasters, Inc.)."
 msgstr ""
 
 #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><section><blockquote><para>

-#: freeculture.xml:3284
+#: freeculture.xml:3397

 msgid ""
 "The extraordinary thing about the CATV business is that it is the only "
 "business I know of where the product that is being sold is not paid "
 msgid ""
 "The extraordinary thing about the CATV business is that it is the only "
 "business I know of where the product that is being sold is not paid "


@@ -4445,13 +4894,13 @@ msgid ""
 msgstr ""
 
 #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><section><para>
 msgstr ""
 
 #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><section><para>

-#: freeculture.xml:3294
+#: freeculture.xml:3407

 msgid "Again, the demand of the copyright holders seemed reasonable enough:"
 msgstr ""
 
 #.  f16 
 #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><section><blockquote><para><footnote><para>
 msgid "Again, the demand of the copyright holders seemed reasonable enough:"
 msgstr ""
 
 #.  f16 
 #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><section><blockquote><para><footnote><para>

-#: freeculture.xml:3303
+#: freeculture.xml:3416

 msgid ""
 "Copyright Law Revision&mdash;CATV, 169 (joint statement of Arthur B.  Krim, "
 "president of United Artists Corp., and John Sinn, president of United "
 msgid ""
 "Copyright Law Revision&mdash;CATV, 169 (joint statement of Arthur B.  Krim, "
 "president of United Artists Corp., and John Sinn, president of United "


@@ -4459,7 +4908,7 @@ msgid ""
 msgstr ""
 
 #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><section><blockquote><para>
 msgstr ""
 
 #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><section><blockquote><para>

-#: freeculture.xml:3298
+#: freeculture.xml:3411

 msgid ""
 "All we are asking for is a very simple thing, that people who now take our "
 "property for nothing pay for it. We are trying to stop piracy and I don't "
 msgid ""
 "All we are asking for is a very simple thing, that people who now take our "
 "property for nothing pay for it. We are trying to stop piracy and I don't "


@@ -4468,12 +4917,12 @@ msgid ""
 msgstr ""
 
 #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><section><para><footnote><para><indexterm><primary>
 msgstr ""
 
 #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><section><para><footnote><para><indexterm><primary>

-#: freeculture.xml:3309 freeculture.xml:3317
+#: freeculture.xml:3422 freeculture.xml:3430

 msgid "Heston, Charlton"
 msgstr ""
 
 #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><section><para><footnote><para>
 msgid "Heston, Charlton"
 msgstr ""
 
 #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><section><para><footnote><para>

-#: freeculture.xml:3315
+#: freeculture.xml:3428

 msgid ""
 "Copyright Law Revision&mdash;CATV, 209 (statement of Charlton Heston, "
 "president of the Screen Actors Guild).  <placeholder type=\"indexterm\" "
 msgid ""
 "Copyright Law Revision&mdash;CATV, 209 (statement of Charlton Heston, "
 "president of the Screen Actors Guild).  <placeholder type=\"indexterm\" "


@@ -4481,7 +4930,7 @@ msgid ""
 msgstr ""
 
 #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><section><para>
 msgstr ""
 
 #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><section><para>

-#: freeculture.xml:3311
+#: freeculture.xml:3424

 msgid ""
 "These were <quote>free-ride[rs],</quote> Screen Actor's Guild president "
 "Charlton Heston said, who were <quote>depriving actors of "
 msgid ""
 "These were <quote>free-ride[rs],</quote> Screen Actor's Guild president "
 "Charlton Heston said, who were <quote>depriving actors of "


@@ -4489,19 +4938,19 @@ msgid ""
 msgstr ""
 
 #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><section><para>
 msgstr ""
 
 #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><section><para>

-#: freeculture.xml:3322
+#: freeculture.xml:3435

 msgid ""
 "But again, there was another side to the debate. As Assistant Attorney "
 "General Edwin Zimmerman put it,"
 msgstr ""
 
 #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><section><blockquote><para><indexterm><primary>
 msgid ""
 "But again, there was another side to the debate. As Assistant Attorney "
 "General Edwin Zimmerman put it,"
 msgstr ""
 
 #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><section><blockquote><para><indexterm><primary>

-#: freeculture.xml:3338 freeculture.xml:3340
+#: freeculture.xml:3451 freeculture.xml:3453

 msgid "Zimmerman, Edwin"
 msgstr ""
 
 #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><section><blockquote><para><footnote><para>
 msgid "Zimmerman, Edwin"
 msgstr ""
 
 #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><section><blockquote><para><footnote><para>

-#: freeculture.xml:3336
+#: freeculture.xml:3449

 msgid ""
 "Copyright Law Revision&mdash;CATV, 216 (statement of Edwin M.  Zimmerman, "
 "acting assistant attorney general).  <placeholder type=\"indexterm\" "
 msgid ""
 "Copyright Law Revision&mdash;CATV, 216 (statement of Edwin M.  Zimmerman, "
 "acting assistant attorney general).  <placeholder type=\"indexterm\" "


@@ -4509,7 +4958,7 @@ msgid ""
 msgstr ""
 
 #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><section><blockquote><para>
 msgstr ""
 
 #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><section><blockquote><para>

-#: freeculture.xml:3327
+#: freeculture.xml:3440

 msgid ""
 "Our point here is that unlike the problem of whether you have any copyright "
 "protection at all, the problem here is whether copyright holders who are "
 msgid ""
 "Our point here is that unlike the problem of whether you have any copyright "
 "protection at all, the problem here is whether copyright holders who are "


@@ -4521,14 +4970,14 @@ msgid ""
 msgstr ""
 
 #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><section><para>
 msgstr ""
 
 #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><section><para>

-#: freeculture.xml:3344
+#: freeculture.xml:3457

 msgid ""
 "Copyright owners took the cable companies to court. Twice the Supreme Court "
 "held that the cable companies owed the copyright owners nothing."
 msgstr ""
 
 #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><section><para>
 msgid ""
 "Copyright owners took the cable companies to court. Twice the Supreme Court "
 "held that the cable companies owed the copyright owners nothing."
 msgstr ""
 
 #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><section><para>

-#: freeculture.xml:3348
+#: freeculture.xml:3461

 msgid ""
 "It took Congress almost thirty years before it resolved the question of "
 "whether cable companies had to pay for the content they "
 msgid ""
 "It took Congress almost thirty years before it resolved the question of "
 "whether cable companies had to pay for the content they "


@@ -4544,7 +4993,7 @@ msgstr ""
 
 #.  f19 
 #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><section><para><footnote><para>
 
 #.  f19 
 #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><section><para><footnote><para>

-#: freeculture.xml:3365
+#: freeculture.xml:3479

 msgid ""
 "See, for example, National Music Publisher's Association, <citetitle>The "
 "Engine of Free Expression: Copyright on the Internet&mdash;The Myth of Free "
 msgid ""
 "See, for example, National Music Publisher's Association, <citetitle>The "
 "Engine of Free Expression: Copyright on the Internet&mdash;The Myth of Free "


@@ -4555,36 +5004,38 @@ msgid ""
 msgstr ""
 
 #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><section><para>
 msgstr ""
 
 #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><section><para>

-#: freeculture.xml:3360
+#: freeculture.xml:3474

 msgid ""
 msgid ""

-"These separate stories sing a common theme. If <quote>piracy</quote> means "
-"using value from someone else's creative property without permission from "
-"that creator&mdash;as it is increasingly described today<placeholder "
-"type=\"footnote\" id=\"0\"/> &mdash; then <emphasis>every</emphasis> "
-"industry affected by copyright today is the product and beneficiary of a "
-"certain kind of piracy. Film, records, radio, cable TV. &hellip; The list is "
-"long and could well be expanded. Every generation welcomes the pirates from "
-"the last. Every generation&mdash;until now."
+"<emphasis role='strong'>These separate stories</emphasis> sing a common "
+"theme. If <quote>piracy</quote> means using value from someone else's "
+"creative property without permission from that creator&mdash;as it is "
+"increasingly described today<placeholder type=\"footnote\" id=\"0\"/> "
+"&mdash; then <emphasis>every</emphasis> industry affected by copyright today "
+"is the product and beneficiary of a certain kind of piracy. Film, records, "
+"radio, cable TV. &hellip; The list is long and could well be expanded. Every "
+"generation welcomes the pirates from the last. Every generation&mdash;until "
+"now."

 msgstr ""
 
 #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><title>
 msgstr ""
 
 #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><title>

-#: freeculture.xml:3382
+#: freeculture.xml:3496

 msgid "CHAPTER FIVE: <quote>Piracy</quote>"
 msgstr ""
 
 #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para>
 msgid "CHAPTER FIVE: <quote>Piracy</quote>"
 msgstr ""
 
 #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para>

-#: freeculture.xml:3384
+#: freeculture.xml:3498

 msgid ""
 msgid ""

-"There is piracy of copyrighted material. Lots of it. This piracy comes in "
-"many forms. The most significant is commercial piracy, the unauthorized "
-"taking of other people's content within a commercial context. Despite the "
-"many justifications that are offered in its defense, this taking is "
-"wrong. No one should condone it, and the law should stop it."
+"<emphasis role='strong'>There is piracy</emphasis> of copyrighted "
+"material. Lots of it. This piracy comes in many forms. The most significant "
+"is commercial piracy, the unauthorized taking of other people's content "
+"within a commercial context. Despite the many justifications that are "
+"offered in its defense, this taking is wrong. No one should condone it, and "
+"the law should stop it."

 msgstr ""
 
 #.  PAGE BREAK 76 
 #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para>
 msgstr ""
 
 #.  PAGE BREAK 76 
 #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para>

-#: freeculture.xml:3392
+#: freeculture.xml:3506

 msgid ""
 "But as well as copy-shop piracy, there is another kind of "
 "<quote>taking</quote> that is more directly related to the Internet. That "
 msgid ""
 "But as well as copy-shop piracy, there is another kind of "
 "<quote>taking</quote> that is more directly related to the Internet. That "


@@ -4596,18 +5047,28 @@ msgid ""
 msgstr ""
 
 #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><section><title>
 msgstr ""
 
 #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><section><title>

-#: freeculture.xml:3402
+#: freeculture.xml:3516

 msgid "Piracy I"
 msgstr ""
 
 #. type: Content of: <book><chapter><section><section><indexterm><primary>
 msgid "Piracy I"
 msgstr ""
 
 #. type: Content of: <book><chapter><section><section><indexterm><primary>

-#: freeculture.xml:3403 freeculture.xml:3482 freeculture.xml:3531 freeculture.xml:14533
+#: freeculture.xml:3517 freeculture.xml:3597 freeculture.xml:3647 freeculture.xml:14702

 msgid "Asia, commercial piracy in"
 msgstr ""
 
 msgid "Asia, commercial piracy in"
 msgstr ""
 

+#. type: Content of: <book><chapter><section><section><indexterm><primary>
+#: freeculture.xml:3518 freeculture.xml:3965 freeculture.xml:9434 freeculture.xml:10241 freeculture.xml:14093 freeculture.xml:14684
+msgid "CDs"
+msgstr ""
+
+#. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><section><indexterm><secondary>
+#: freeculture.xml:3518
+msgid "foreign piracy of"
+msgstr ""
+

 #.  f1 
 #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><section><para><footnote><para>
 #.  f1 
 #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><section><para><footnote><para>

-#: freeculture.xml:3411
+#: freeculture.xml:3526

 msgid ""
 "See IFPI (International Federation of the Phonographic Industry), "
 "<citetitle>The Recording Industry Commercial Piracy Report 2003</citetitle>, "
 msgid ""
 "See IFPI (International Federation of the Phonographic Industry), "
 "<citetitle>The Recording Industry Commercial Piracy Report 2003</citetitle>, "


@@ -4617,7 +5078,7 @@ msgid ""
 msgstr ""
 
 #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><section><para>
 msgstr ""
 
 #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><section><para>

-#: freeculture.xml:3405
+#: freeculture.xml:3520

 msgid ""
 "All across the world, but especially in Asia and Eastern Europe, there are "
 "businesses that do nothing but take others people's copyrighted content, "
 msgid ""
 "All across the world, but especially in Asia and Eastern Europe, there are "
 "businesses that do nothing but take others people's copyrighted content, "


@@ -4629,7 +5090,7 @@ msgid ""
 msgstr ""
 
 #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><section><para>
 msgstr ""
 
 #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><section><para>

-#: freeculture.xml:3421
+#: freeculture.xml:3536

 msgid ""
 "This is piracy plain and simple. Nothing in the argument of this book, nor "
 "in the argument that most people make when talking about the subject of this "
 msgid ""
 "This is piracy plain and simple. Nothing in the argument of this book, nor "
 "in the argument that most people make when talking about the subject of this "


@@ -4637,7 +5098,7 @@ msgid ""
 msgstr ""
 
 #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><section><para>
 msgstr ""
 
 #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><section><para>

-#: freeculture.xml:3427
+#: freeculture.xml:3542

 msgid ""
 "Which is not to say that excuses and justifications couldn't be made for "
 "it. We could, for example, remind ourselves that for the first one hundred "
 msgid ""
 "Which is not to say that excuses and justifications couldn't be made for "
 "it. We could, for example, remind ourselves that for the first one hundred "


@@ -4649,7 +5110,7 @@ msgid ""
 msgstr ""
 
 #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><section><para>
 msgstr ""
 
 #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><section><para>

-#: freeculture.xml:3436
+#: freeculture.xml:3551

 msgid ""
 "That excuse isn't terribly strong. Technically, our law did not ban the "
 "taking of foreign works. It explicitly limited itself to American "
 msgid ""
 "That excuse isn't terribly strong. Technically, our law did not ban the "
 "taking of foreign works. It explicitly limited itself to American "


@@ -4662,28 +5123,28 @@ msgid ""
 "legal wrong as well."
 msgstr ""
 
 "legal wrong as well."
 msgstr ""
 

+#.  PAGE BREAK 77

 #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><section><para>
 #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><section><para>

-#: freeculture.xml:3447
+#: freeculture.xml:3562

 msgid ""
 "True, these local rules have, in effect, been imposed upon these "
 msgid ""
 "True, these local rules have, in effect, been imposed upon these "

-"countries. No country can be part of the world economy and choose <beginpage "
-"pagenum=\"77\"/> not to protect copyright internationally. We may have been "
-"born a pirate nation, but we will not allow any other nation to have a "
-"similar childhood."
+"countries. No country can be part of the world economy and choose not to "
+"protect copyright internationally. We may have been born a pirate nation, "
+"but we will not allow any other nation to have a similar childhood."

 msgstr ""
 
 #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><section><para><footnote><para><indexterm><primary>
 msgstr ""
 
 #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><section><para><footnote><para><indexterm><primary>

-#: freeculture.xml:3475
+#: freeculture.xml:3590

 msgid "agricultural patents"
 msgstr ""
 
 #. type: Content of: <book><chapter><para><footnote><para><indexterm><primary>
 msgid "agricultural patents"
 msgstr ""
 
 #. type: Content of: <book><chapter><para><footnote><para><indexterm><primary>

-#: freeculture.xml:3476 freeculture.xml:12560 freeculture.xml:13004 freeculture.xml:13011
+#: freeculture.xml:3591 freeculture.xml:12711 freeculture.xml:13164 freeculture.xml:13171

 msgid "Drahos, Peter"
 msgstr ""
 
 #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><section><para><footnote><para>
 msgid "Drahos, Peter"
 msgstr ""
 
 #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><section><para><footnote><para>

-#: freeculture.xml:3460
+#: freeculture.xml:3575

 msgid ""
 "See Peter Drahos with John Braithwaite, Information Feudalism: "
 "<citetitle>Who Owns the Knowledge Economy?</citetitle> (New York: The New "
 msgid ""
 "See Peter Drahos with John Braithwaite, Information Feudalism: "
 "<citetitle>Who Owns the Knowledge Economy?</citetitle> (New York: The New "


@@ -4703,7 +5164,7 @@ msgid ""
 msgstr ""
 
 #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><section><para>
 msgstr ""
 
 #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><section><para>

-#: freeculture.xml:3455
+#: freeculture.xml:3570

 msgid ""
 "If a country is to be treated as a sovereign, however, then its laws are its "
 "laws regardless of their source. The international law under which these "
 msgid ""
 "If a country is to be treated as a sovereign, however, then its laws are its "
 "laws regardless of their source. The international law under which these "


@@ -4715,12 +5176,12 @@ msgid ""
 msgstr ""
 
 #. type: Content of: <book><chapter><section><section><para><footnote><para><indexterm><primary>
 msgstr ""
 
 #. type: Content of: <book><chapter><section><section><para><footnote><para><indexterm><primary>

-#: freeculture.xml:3497 freeculture.xml:3767 freeculture.xml:14677
+#: freeculture.xml:3612 freeculture.xml:3886 freeculture.xml:14850

 msgid "Liebowitz, Stan"
 msgstr ""
 
 #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><section><para><footnote><para>
 msgid "Liebowitz, Stan"
 msgstr ""
 
 #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><section><para><footnote><para>

-#: freeculture.xml:3490
+#: freeculture.xml:3605

 msgid ""
 "For an analysis of the economic impact of copying technology, see Stan "
 "Liebowitz, <citetitle>Rethinking the Network Economy</citetitle> (New York: "
 msgid ""
 "For an analysis of the economic impact of copying technology, see Stan "
 "Liebowitz, <citetitle>Rethinking the Network Economy</citetitle> (New York: "


@@ -4733,7 +5194,7 @@ msgid ""
 msgstr ""
 
 #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><section><para>
 msgstr ""
 
 #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><section><para>

-#: freeculture.xml:3484
+#: freeculture.xml:3599

 msgid ""
 "Alternatively, we could try to excuse this piracy by noting that in any "
 "case, it does no harm to the industry. The Chinese who get access to "
 msgid ""
 "Alternatively, we could try to excuse this piracy by noting that in any "
 "case, it does no harm to the industry. The Chinese who get access to "


@@ -4743,7 +5204,7 @@ msgid ""
 msgstr ""
 
 #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><section><para>
 msgstr ""
 
 #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><section><para>

-#: freeculture.xml:3501
+#: freeculture.xml:3616

 msgid ""
 "This is often true (though I have friends who have purchased many thousands "
 "of pirated DVDs who certainly have enough money to pay for the content they "
 msgid ""
 "This is often true (though I have friends who have purchased many thousands "
 "of pirated DVDs who certainly have enough money to pay for the content they "


@@ -4759,7 +5220,7 @@ msgstr ""
 
 #.  PAGE BREAK 78 
 #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><section><para>
 
 #.  PAGE BREAK 78 
 #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><section><para>

-#: freeculture.xml:3514
+#: freeculture.xml:3630

 msgid ""
 "This argument is still very weak. However, although copyright is a property "
 "right of a very special sort, it <emphasis>is</emphasis> a property "
 msgid ""
 "This argument is still very weak. However, although copyright is a property "
 "right of a very special sort, it <emphasis>is</emphasis> a property "


@@ -4777,33 +5238,53 @@ msgid ""
 "means."
 msgstr ""
 
 "means."
 msgstr ""
 

+#. type: Content of: <book><chapter><section><section><indexterm><secondary>
+#: freeculture.xml:3648 freeculture.xml:14703
+msgid "in Asia"
+msgstr ""
+
+#. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><section><indexterm><primary>
+#: freeculture.xml:3649
+msgid "free software/open-source software (FS/OSS)"
+msgstr ""
+

 #. type: Content of: <book><chapter><section><section><para><indexterm><primary>
 #. type: Content of: <book><chapter><section><section><para><indexterm><primary>

-#: freeculture.xml:3544 freeculture.xml:3572 freeculture.xml:11392 freeculture.xml:12885 freeculture.xml:13440
+#: freeculture.xml:3650 freeculture.xml:3680 freeculture.xml:11515 freeculture.xml:13010 freeculture.xml:13608

 msgid "GNU/Linux operating system"
 msgstr ""
 
 #. type: Content of: <book><chapter><section><section><para><indexterm><primary>
 msgid "GNU/Linux operating system"
 msgstr ""
 
 #. type: Content of: <book><chapter><section><section><para><indexterm><primary>

-#: freeculture.xml:3545 freeculture.xml:3575 freeculture.xml:11394 freeculture.xml:12886 freeculture.xml:13441
+#: freeculture.xml:3651 freeculture.xml:3681 freeculture.xml:11517 freeculture.xml:13011 freeculture.xml:13609

 msgid "Linux operating system"
 msgstr ""
 
 msgid "Linux operating system"
 msgstr ""
 

-#. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><indexterm><primary>
-#: freeculture.xml:3547 freeculture.xml:5179
+#. type: Content of: <book><chapter><indexterm><primary>
+#: freeculture.xml:3652 freeculture.xml:3654 freeculture.xml:3655 freeculture.xml:5320 freeculture.xml:7808 freeculture.xml:13063

 msgid "Microsoft"
 msgstr ""
 
 msgid "Microsoft"
 msgstr ""
 

-#. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><section><para><indexterm><secondary>
-#: freeculture.xml:3548
-msgid "Windows operating system of"
+#. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><section><indexterm><secondary>
+#: freeculture.xml:3652
+msgid "competitive strategies of"

 msgstr ""
 
 msgstr ""
 

-#. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><section><para><indexterm><primary>
-#: freeculture.xml:3550
+#. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><section><indexterm><primary>
+#: freeculture.xml:3653

 msgid "Windows"
 msgstr ""
 
 msgid "Windows"
 msgstr ""
 

+#. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><section><indexterm><secondary>
+#: freeculture.xml:3654
+msgid "international software piracy of"
+msgstr ""
+
+#. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><section><indexterm><secondary>
+#: freeculture.xml:3655
+msgid "Windows operating system of"
+msgstr ""
+

 #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><section><para>
 #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><section><para>

-#: freeculture.xml:3533
+#: freeculture.xml:3657

 msgid ""
 "Finally, we could try to excuse this piracy with the argument that the "
 "piracy actually helps the copyright owner. When the Chinese "
 msgid ""
 "Finally, we could try to excuse this piracy with the argument that the "
 "piracy actually helps the copyright owner. When the Chinese "


@@ -4815,13 +5296,21 @@ msgid ""
 "Microsoft, Microsoft benefits from the piracy. If instead of pirating "
 "Microsoft Windows, the Chinese used the free GNU/Linux operating system, "
 "then these Chinese users would not eventually be buying Microsoft.  Without "
 "Microsoft, Microsoft benefits from the piracy. If instead of pirating "
 "Microsoft Windows, the Chinese used the free GNU/Linux operating system, "
 "then these Chinese users would not eventually be buying Microsoft.  Without "

-"piracy, then, Microsoft would lose.  <placeholder type=\"indexterm\" "
-"id=\"0\"/> <placeholder type=\"indexterm\" id=\"1\"/> <placeholder "
-"type=\"indexterm\" id=\"2\"/> <placeholder type=\"indexterm\" id=\"3\"/>"
+"piracy, then, Microsoft would lose."
+msgstr ""
+
+#. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><section><indexterm><primary>
+#: freeculture.xml:3669
+msgid "law"
+msgstr ""
+
+#. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><section><indexterm><secondary>
+#: freeculture.xml:3669
+msgid "databases of case reports in"

 msgstr ""
 
 #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><section><para>
 msgstr ""
 
 #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><section><para>

-#: freeculture.xml:3553
+#: freeculture.xml:3671

 msgid ""
 "This argument, too, is somewhat true. The addiction strategy is a good "
 "one. Many businesses practice it. Some thrive because of it. Law students, "
 msgid ""
 "This argument, too, is somewhat true. The addiction strategy is a good "
 "one. Many businesses practice it. Some thrive because of it. Law students, "


@@ -4831,18 +5320,18 @@ msgid ""
 "lawyers (and must pay high subscription fees)."
 msgstr ""
 
 "lawyers (and must pay high subscription fees)."
 msgstr ""
 

-#. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><section><para><indexterm><primary>
-#: freeculture.xml:3573
-msgid "Internet Explorer"
+#. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><section><indexterm><primary>
+#: freeculture.xml:3678
+msgid "Netscape"

 msgstr ""
 
 msgstr ""
 

-#. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><section><para><indexterm><primary>
-#: freeculture.xml:3574
-msgid "Netscape"
+#. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><section><indexterm><primary>
+#: freeculture.xml:3679
+msgid "Internet Explorer"

 msgstr ""
 
 #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><section><para>
 msgstr ""
 
 #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><section><para>

-#: freeculture.xml:3561
+#: freeculture.xml:3683

 msgid ""
 "Still, the argument is not terribly persuasive. We don't give the alcoholic "
 "a defense when he steals his first beer, merely because that will make it "
 msgid ""
 "Still, the argument is not terribly persuasive. We don't give the alcoholic "
 "a defense when he steals his first beer, merely because that will make it "


@@ -4853,15 +5342,12 @@ msgid ""
 "fight Netscape. A property right means giving the property owner the right "
 "to say who gets access to what&mdash;at least ordinarily. And if the law "
 "properly balances the rights of the copyright owner with the rights of "
 "fight Netscape. A property right means giving the property owner the right "
 "to say who gets access to what&mdash;at least ordinarily. And if the law "
 "properly balances the rights of the copyright owner with the rights of "

-"access, then violating the law is still wrong.  <placeholder "
-"type=\"indexterm\" id=\"0\"/> <placeholder type=\"indexterm\" id=\"1\"/> "
-"<placeholder type=\"indexterm\" id=\"2\"/> <placeholder type=\"indexterm\" "
-"id=\"3\"/>"
+"access, then violating the law is still wrong."

 msgstr ""
 
 #.  PAGE BREAK 79 
 #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><section><para>
 msgstr ""
 
 #.  PAGE BREAK 79 
 #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><section><para>

-#: freeculture.xml:3579
+#: freeculture.xml:3697

 msgid ""
 "Thus, while I understand the pull of these justifications for piracy, and I "
 "certainly see the motivation, in my view, in the end, these efforts at "
 msgid ""
 "Thus, while I understand the pull of these justifications for piracy, and I "
 "certainly see the motivation, in my view, in the end, these efforts at "


@@ -4873,7 +5359,7 @@ msgid ""
 msgstr ""
 
 #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><section><para>
 msgstr ""
 
 #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><section><para>

-#: freeculture.xml:3589
+#: freeculture.xml:3707

 msgid ""
 "But as the examples from the four chapters that introduced this part "
 "suggest, even if some piracy is plainly wrong, not all <quote>piracy</quote> "
 msgid ""
 "But as the examples from the four chapters that introduced this part "
 "suggest, even if some piracy is plainly wrong, not all <quote>piracy</quote> "


@@ -4886,7 +5372,7 @@ msgid ""
 msgstr ""
 
 #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><section><para>
 msgstr ""
 
 #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><section><para>

-#: freeculture.xml:3598
+#: freeculture.xml:3716

 msgid ""
 "This doesn't mean that there are no questions raised by the latest piracy "
 "concern, peer-to-peer file sharing. But it does mean that we need to "
 msgid ""
 "This doesn't mean that there are no questions raised by the latest piracy "
 "concern, peer-to-peer file sharing. But it does mean that we need to "


@@ -4895,7 +5381,7 @@ msgid ""
 msgstr ""
 
 #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><section><para>
 msgstr ""
 
 #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><section><para>

-#: freeculture.xml:3604
+#: freeculture.xml:3722

 msgid ""
 "For (1) like the original Hollywood, p2p sharing escapes an overly "
 "controlling industry; and (2) like the original recording industry, it "
 msgid ""
 "For (1) like the original Hollywood, p2p sharing escapes an overly "
 "controlling industry; and (2) like the original recording industry, it "


@@ -4904,20 +5390,20 @@ msgid ""
 msgstr ""
 
 #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><section><para>
 msgstr ""
 
 #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><section><para>

-#: freeculture.xml:3610
+#: freeculture.xml:3728

 msgid ""
 "These differences distinguish p2p sharing from true piracy. They should push "
 "us to find a way to protect artists while enabling this sharing to survive."
 msgstr ""
 
 #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><section><title>
 msgid ""
 "These differences distinguish p2p sharing from true piracy. They should push "
 "us to find a way to protect artists while enabling this sharing to survive."
 msgstr ""
 
 #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><section><title>

-#: freeculture.xml:3616
+#: freeculture.xml:3734

 msgid "Piracy II"
 msgstr ""
 
 #.  f4 
 #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><section><para><footnote><para>
 msgid "Piracy II"
 msgstr ""
 
 #.  f4 
 #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><section><para><footnote><para>

-#: freeculture.xml:3621
+#: freeculture.xml:3739

 msgid ""
 "<citetitle>Bach</citetitle> v. <citetitle>Longman</citetitle>, 98 "
 "Eng. Rep. 1274 (1777)."
 msgid ""
 "<citetitle>Bach</citetitle> v. <citetitle>Longman</citetitle>, 98 "
 "Eng. Rep. 1274 (1777)."


@@ -4925,7 +5411,7 @@ msgstr ""
 
 #.  PAGE BREAK 80 
 #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><section><para>
 
 #.  PAGE BREAK 80 
 #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><section><para>

-#: freeculture.xml:3618
+#: freeculture.xml:3736

 msgid ""
 "The key to the <quote>piracy</quote> that the law aims to quash is a use "
 "that <quote>rob[s] the author of [his] profit.</quote><placeholder "
 msgid ""
 "The key to the <quote>piracy</quote> that the law aims to quash is a use "
 "that <quote>rob[s] the author of [his] profit.</quote><placeholder "


@@ -4935,17 +5421,22 @@ msgid ""
 msgstr ""
 
 #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><section><para><footnote><para><indexterm><primary>
 msgstr ""
 
 #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><section><para><footnote><para><indexterm><primary>

-#: freeculture.xml:3629 freeculture.xml:3636
+#: freeculture.xml:3747 freeculture.xml:3755

 msgid "innovation"
 msgstr ""
 
 msgid "innovation"
 msgstr ""
 

+#. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><section><indexterm><primary>
+#: freeculture.xml:3748
+msgid "Fanning, Shawn"
+msgstr ""
+

 #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><section><para><indexterm><primary>
 #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><section><para><indexterm><primary>

-#: freeculture.xml:3646 freeculture.xml:8262
+#: freeculture.xml:3765 freeculture.xml:8402

 msgid "Christensen, Clayton M."
 msgstr ""
 
 #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><section><para><footnote><para>
 msgid "Christensen, Clayton M."
 msgstr ""
 
 #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><section><para><footnote><para>

-#: freeculture.xml:3636
+#: freeculture.xml:3755

 msgid ""
 "<placeholder type=\"indexterm\" id=\"0\"/> See Clayton M. Christensen, "
 "<citetitle>The Innovator's Dilemma: The Revolutionary National Bestseller "
 msgid ""
 "<placeholder type=\"indexterm\" id=\"0\"/> See Clayton M. Christensen, "
 "<citetitle>The Innovator's Dilemma: The Revolutionary National Bestseller "


@@ -4959,25 +5450,20 @@ msgid ""
 "type=\"indexterm\" id=\"1\"/>"
 msgstr ""
 
 "type=\"indexterm\" id=\"1\"/>"
 msgstr ""
 

-#. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><section><para><indexterm><primary>
-#: freeculture.xml:3649
-msgid "Fanning, Shawn"
-msgstr ""
-

 #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><section><para>
 #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><section><para>

-#: freeculture.xml:3631
+#: freeculture.xml:3750

 msgid ""
 "Peer-to-peer sharing was made famous by Napster. But the inventors of the "
 "Napster technology had not made any major technological innovations.  Like "
 "every great advance in innovation on the Internet (and, arguably, off the "
 "Internet as well<placeholder type=\"footnote\" id=\"0\"/>), Shawn Fanning "
 "and crew had simply put together components that had been developed "
 msgid ""
 "Peer-to-peer sharing was made famous by Napster. But the inventors of the "
 "Napster technology had not made any major technological innovations.  Like "
 "every great advance in innovation on the Internet (and, arguably, off the "
 "Internet as well<placeholder type=\"footnote\" id=\"0\"/>), Shawn Fanning "
 "and crew had simply put together components that had been developed "

-"independently.  <placeholder type=\"indexterm\" id=\"1\"/>"
+"independently."

 msgstr ""
 
 #.  f6 
 #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><section><para><footnote><para>
 msgstr ""
 
 #.  f6 
 #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><section><para><footnote><para>

-#: freeculture.xml:3657
+#: freeculture.xml:3775

 msgid ""
 "See Carolyn Lochhead, <quote>Silicon Valley Dream, Hollywood "
 "Nightmare,</quote> <citetitle>San Francisco Chronicle</citetitle>, 24 "
 msgid ""
 "See Carolyn Lochhead, <quote>Silicon Valley Dream, Hollywood "
 "Nightmare,</quote> <citetitle>San Francisco Chronicle</citetitle>, 24 "


@@ -4991,7 +5477,7 @@ msgid ""
 msgstr ""
 
 #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><section><para>
 msgstr ""
 
 #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><section><para>

-#: freeculture.xml:3652
+#: freeculture.xml:3770

 msgid ""
 "The result was spontaneous combustion. Launched in July 1999, Napster "
 "amassed over 10 million users within nine months. After eighteen months, "
 msgid ""
 "The result was spontaneous combustion. Launched in July 1999, Napster "
 "amassed over 10 million users within nine months. After eighteen months, "


@@ -5007,7 +5493,7 @@ msgstr ""
 
 #.  f7 
 #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><section><para><footnote><para>
 
 #.  f7 
 #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><section><para><footnote><para>

-#: freeculture.xml:3679
+#: freeculture.xml:3797

 msgid ""
 "See Ipsos-Insight, <citetitle>TEMPO: Keeping Pace with Online Music "
 "Distribution</citetitle> (September 2002), reporting that 28 percent of "
 msgid ""
 "See Ipsos-Insight, <citetitle>TEMPO: Keeping Pace with Online Music "
 "Distribution</citetitle> (September 2002), reporting that 28 percent of "


@@ -5018,14 +5504,14 @@ msgstr ""
 
 #.  f8 
 #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><section><para><footnote><para>
 
 #.  f8 
 #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><section><para><footnote><para>

-#: freeculture.xml:3688
+#: freeculture.xml:3806

 msgid ""
 "Amy Harmon, <quote>Industry Offers a Carrot in Online Music Fight,</quote> "
 "<citetitle>New York Times</citetitle>, 6 June 2003, A1."
 msgstr ""
 
 #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><section><para>
 msgid ""
 "Amy Harmon, <quote>Industry Offers a Carrot in Online Music Fight,</quote> "
 "<citetitle>New York Times</citetitle>, 6 June 2003, A1."
 msgstr ""
 
 #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><section><para>

-#: freeculture.xml:3673
+#: freeculture.xml:3791

 msgid ""
 "According to a number of estimates, a huge proportion of Americans have "
 "tasted file-sharing technology. A study by Ipsos-Insight in September 2002 "
 msgid ""
 "According to a number of estimates, a huge proportion of Americans have "
 "tasted file-sharing technology. A study by Ipsos-Insight in September 2002 "


@@ -5041,7 +5527,7 @@ msgid ""
 msgstr ""
 
 #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><section><para>
 msgstr ""
 
 #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><section><para>

-#: freeculture.xml:3697
+#: freeculture.xml:3815

 msgid ""
 "Some of this enjoying involves copyright infringement. Some of it does "
 "not. And even among the part that is technically copyright infringement, "
 msgid ""
 "Some of this enjoying involves copyright infringement. Some of it does "
 "not. And even among the part that is technically copyright infringement, "


@@ -5053,14 +5539,15 @@ msgstr ""
 
 #.  PAGE BREAK 81 
 #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><section><para>
 
 #.  PAGE BREAK 81 
 #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><section><para>

-#: freeculture.xml:3707
+#: freeculture.xml:3825

 msgid ""
 "File sharers share different kinds of content. We can divide these different "
 "kinds into four types."
 msgstr ""
 
 msgid ""
 "File sharers share different kinds of content. We can divide these different "
 "kinds into four types."
 msgstr ""
 

+#.  A. 

 #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><section><orderedlist><listitem><para>
 #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><section><orderedlist><listitem><para>

-#: freeculture.xml:3713
+#: freeculture.xml:3833

 msgid ""
 "There are some who use sharing networks as substitutes for purchasing "
 "content. Thus, when a new Madonna CD is released, rather than buying the CD, "
 msgid ""
 "There are some who use sharing networks as substitutes for purchasing "
 "content. Thus, when a new Madonna CD is released, rather than buying the CD, "


@@ -5068,12 +5555,12 @@ msgid ""
 "takes it would actually have bought it if sharing didn't make it available "
 "for free. Most probably wouldn't have, but clearly there are some who "
 "would.  The latter are the target of category A: users who download instead "
 "takes it would actually have bought it if sharing didn't make it available "
 "for free. Most probably wouldn't have, but clearly there are some who "
 "would.  The latter are the target of category A: users who download instead "

-"of purchasing.  <placeholder type=\"indexterm\" id=\"0\"/>"
+"of purchasing."

 msgstr ""
 
 #.  B. 
 #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><section><orderedlist><listitem><para>
 msgstr ""
 
 #.  B. 
 #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><section><orderedlist><listitem><para>

-#: freeculture.xml:3724
+#: freeculture.xml:3843

 msgid ""
 "There are some who use sharing networks to sample music before purchasing "
 "it. Thus, a friend sends another friend an MP3 of an artist he's not heard "
 msgid ""
 "There are some who use sharing networks to sample music before purchasing "
 "it. Thus, a friend sends another friend an MP3 of an artist he's not heard "


@@ -5086,7 +5573,7 @@ msgstr ""
 
 #.  C. 
 #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><section><orderedlist><listitem><para>
 
 #.  C. 
 #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><section><orderedlist><listitem><para>

-#: freeculture.xml:3735
+#: freeculture.xml:3854

 msgid ""
 "There are many who use sharing networks to get access to copyrighted content "
 "that is no longer sold or that they would not have purchased because the "
 msgid ""
 "There are many who use sharing networks to get access to copyrighted content "
 "that is no longer sold or that they would not have purchased because the "


@@ -5105,26 +5592,26 @@ msgstr ""
 #.  PAGE BREAK 82 
 #.  D. 
 #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><section><orderedlist><listitem><para>
 #.  PAGE BREAK 82 
 #.  D. 
 #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><section><orderedlist><listitem><para>

-#: freeculture.xml:3752
+#: freeculture.xml:3871

 msgid ""
 "Finally, there are many who use sharing networks to get access to content "
 "that is not copyrighted or that the copyright owner wants to give away."
 msgstr ""
 
 #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><section><para>
 msgid ""
 "Finally, there are many who use sharing networks to get access to content "
 "that is not copyrighted or that the copyright owner wants to give away."
 msgstr ""
 
 #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><section><para>

-#: freeculture.xml:3758
+#: freeculture.xml:3877

 msgid "How do these different types of sharing balance out?"
 msgstr ""
 
 #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><section><para><footnote><para>
 msgid "How do these different types of sharing balance out?"
 msgstr ""
 
 #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><section><para><footnote><para>

-#: freeculture.xml:3766
+#: freeculture.xml:3885

 msgid ""
 "See Liebowitz, <citetitle>Rethinking the Network Economy</citetitle>, "
 "148&ndash;49.  <placeholder type=\"indexterm\" id=\"0\"/>"
 msgstr ""
 
 #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><section><para>
 msgid ""
 "See Liebowitz, <citetitle>Rethinking the Network Economy</citetitle>, "
 "148&ndash;49.  <placeholder type=\"indexterm\" id=\"0\"/>"
 msgstr ""
 
 #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><section><para>

-#: freeculture.xml:3761
+#: freeculture.xml:3880

 msgid ""
 "Let's start with some simple but important points. From the perspective of "
 "the law, only type D sharing is clearly legal. From the perspective of "
 msgid ""
 "Let's start with some simple but important points. From the perspective of "
 "the law, only type D sharing is clearly legal. From the perspective of "


@@ -5138,7 +5625,7 @@ msgid ""
 msgstr ""
 
 #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><section><para>
 msgstr ""
 
 #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><section><para>

-#: freeculture.xml:3777
+#: freeculture.xml:3896

 msgid ""
 "Whether on balance sharing is harmful depends importantly on how harmful "
 "type A sharing is. Just as Edison complained about Hollywood, composers "
 msgid ""
 "Whether on balance sharing is harmful depends importantly on how harmful "
 "type A sharing is. Just as Edison complained about Hollywood, composers "


@@ -5148,26 +5635,35 @@ msgid ""
 "<quote>devastating</quote> the industry."
 msgstr ""
 
 "<quote>devastating</quote> the industry."
 msgstr ""
 

-#.  f10 
+#. type: Content of: <book><chapter><section><section><indexterm><primary>
+#: freeculture.xml:3903 freeculture.xml:3912 freeculture.xml:4255 freeculture.xml:7968 freeculture.xml:7997 freeculture.xml:9695 freeculture.xml:14410
+msgid "cassette recording"
+msgstr ""
+
+#. type: Content of: <book><chapter><section><section><indexterm><primary>
+#: freeculture.xml:3903 freeculture.xml:4255 freeculture.xml:7968 freeculture.xml:7997 freeculture.xml:9695 freeculture.xml:9696 freeculture.xml:14410 freeculture.xml:14411
+msgid "VCRs"
+msgstr ""
+

 #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><section><para><footnote><para>
 #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><section><para><footnote><para>

-#: freeculture.xml:3792
-msgid ""
-"See Cap Gemini Ernst &amp; Young, <citetitle>Technology Evolution and the "
-"Music Industry's Business Model Crisis</citetitle> (2003), 3. This report "
-"describes the music industry's effort to stigmatize the budding practice of "
-"cassette taping in the 1970s, including an advertising campaign featuring a "
-"cassette-shape skull and the caption <quote>Home taping is killing "
-"music.</quote> At the time digital audio tape became a threat, the Office of "
-"Technical Assessment conducted a survey of consumer behavior. In 1988, 40 "
-"percent of consumers older than ten had taped music to a cassette "
-"format. U.S.  Congress, Office of Technology Assessment, "
-"<citetitle>Copyright and Home Copying: Technology Challenges the "
+#: freeculture.xml:3912
+msgid ""
+"<placeholder type=\"indexterm\" id=\"0\"/> See Cap Gemini Ernst &amp; Young, "
+"<citetitle>Technology Evolution and the Music Industry's Business Model "
+"Crisis</citetitle> (2003), 3. This report describes the music industry's "
+"effort to stigmatize the budding practice of cassette taping in the 1970s, "
+"including an advertising campaign featuring a cassette-shape skull and the "
+"caption <quote>Home taping is killing music.</quote> At the time digital "
+"audio tape became a threat, the Office of Technical Assessment conducted a "
+"survey of consumer behavior. In 1988, 40 percent of consumers older than ten "
+"had taped music to a cassette format. U.S.  Congress, Office of Technology "
+"Assessment, <citetitle>Copyright and Home Copying: Technology Challenges the "

 "Law</citetitle>, OTA-CIT-422 (Washington, D.C.: U.S.  Government Printing "
 "Office, October 1989), 145&ndash;56."
 msgstr ""
 
 #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><section><para>
 "Law</citetitle>, OTA-CIT-422 (Washington, D.C.: U.S.  Government Printing "
 "Office, October 1989), 145&ndash;56."
 msgstr ""
 
 #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><section><para>

-#: freeculture.xml:3785
+#: freeculture.xml:3905

 msgid ""
 "While the numbers do suggest that sharing is harmful, how harmful is harder "
 "to reckon. It has long been the recording industry's practice to blame "
 msgid ""
 "While the numbers do suggest that sharing is harmful, how harmful is harder "
 "to reckon. It has long been the recording industry's practice to blame "


@@ -5181,14 +5677,19 @@ msgid ""
 "the answer."
 msgstr ""
 
 "the answer."
 msgstr ""
 

+#. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><section><indexterm><primary>
+#: freeculture.xml:3930
+msgid "MTV"
+msgstr ""
+

 #.  f11 
 #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><section><para><footnote><para>
 #.  f11 
 #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><section><para><footnote><para>

-#: freeculture.xml:3818
+#: freeculture.xml:3940

 msgid "U.S. Congress, <citetitle>Copyright and Home Copying</citetitle>, 4."
 msgstr ""
 
 #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><section><para>
 msgid "U.S. Congress, <citetitle>Copyright and Home Copying</citetitle>, 4."
 msgstr ""
 
 #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><section><para>

-#: freeculture.xml:3810
+#: freeculture.xml:3932

 msgid ""
 "Yet soon thereafter, and before Congress was given an opportunity to enact "
 "regulation, MTV was launched, and the industry had a record "
 msgid ""
 "Yet soon thereafter, and before Congress was given an opportunity to enact "
 "regulation, MTV was launched, and the industry had a record "


@@ -5200,7 +5701,7 @@ msgid ""
 msgstr ""
 
 #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><section><para>
 msgstr ""
 
 #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><section><para>

-#: freeculture.xml:3822
+#: freeculture.xml:3945

 msgid ""
 "But just because the industry was wrong before does not mean it is wrong "
 "today. To evaluate the real threat that p2p sharing presents to the industry "
 msgid ""
 "But just because the industry was wrong before does not mean it is wrong "
 "today. To evaluate the real threat that p2p sharing presents to the industry "


@@ -5213,7 +5714,7 @@ msgid ""
 msgstr ""
 
 #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><section><para>
 msgstr ""
 
 #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><section><para>

-#: freeculture.xml:3832
+#: freeculture.xml:3955

 msgid ""
 "We start to answer this question by focusing on the net harm, from the "
 "standpoint of the industry as a whole, that sharing networks cause.  The "
 msgid ""
 "We start to answer this question by focusing on the net harm, from the "
 "standpoint of the industry as a whole, that sharing networks cause.  The "


@@ -5224,8 +5725,13 @@ msgid ""
 "little <emphasis>static</emphasis> reason to resist them."
 msgstr ""
 
 "little <emphasis>static</emphasis> reason to resist them."
 msgstr ""
 

+#. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><section><indexterm><secondary>
+#: freeculture.xml:3965
+msgid "sales levels of"
+msgstr ""
+

 #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><section><para>
 #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><section><para>

-#: freeculture.xml:3843
+#: freeculture.xml:3967

 msgid ""
 "Could that be true? Could the industry as a whole be gaining because of file "
 "sharing? Odd as that might sound, the data about CD sales actually suggest "
 msgid ""
 "Could that be true? Could the industry as a whole be gaining because of file "
 "sharing? Odd as that might sound, the data about CD sales actually suggest "


@@ -5234,7 +5740,7 @@ msgstr ""
 
 #.  f12 
 #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><section><para><footnote><para>
 
 #.  f12 
 #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><section><para><footnote><para>

-#: freeculture.xml:3852
+#: freeculture.xml:3976

 msgid ""
 "See Recording Industry Association of America, <citetitle>2002 Yearend "
 "Statistics</citetitle>, available at <ulink "
 msgid ""
 "See Recording Industry Association of America, <citetitle>2002 Yearend "
 "Statistics</citetitle>, available at <ulink "


@@ -5252,12 +5758,12 @@ msgid ""
 msgstr ""
 
 #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><section><para><footnote><para><indexterm><primary>
 msgstr ""
 
 #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><section><para><footnote><para><indexterm><primary>

-#: freeculture.xml:3879
+#: freeculture.xml:4003

 msgid "Black, Jane"
 msgstr ""
 
 #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><section><para><footnote><para>
 msgid "Black, Jane"
 msgstr ""
 
 #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><section><para><footnote><para>

-#: freeculture.xml:3876
+#: freeculture.xml:4000

 msgid ""
 "Jane Black, <quote>Big Music's Broken Record,</quote> BusinessWeek online, "
 "13 February 2003, available at <ulink "
 msgid ""
 "Jane Black, <quote>Big Music's Broken Record,</quote> BusinessWeek online, "
 "13 February 2003, available at <ulink "


@@ -5266,7 +5772,7 @@ msgid ""
 msgstr ""
 
 #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><section><para>
 msgstr ""
 
 #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><section><para>

-#: freeculture.xml:3848
+#: freeculture.xml:3972

 msgid ""
 "In 2002, the RIAA reported that CD sales had fallen by 8.9 percent, from 882 "
 "million to 803 million units; revenues fell 6.7 percent.<placeholder "
 msgid ""
 "In 2002, the RIAA reported that CD sales had fallen by 8.9 percent, from 882 "
 "million to 803 million units; revenues fell 6.7 percent.<placeholder "


@@ -5287,7 +5793,7 @@ msgstr ""
 
 #.  PAGE BREAK 84 
 #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><section><para>
 
 #.  PAGE BREAK 84 
 #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><section><para>

-#: freeculture.xml:3894
+#: freeculture.xml:4018

 msgid ""
 "But let's assume the RIAA is right, and all of the decline in CD sales is "
 "because of Internet sharing. Here's the rub: In the same period that the "
 msgid ""
 "But let's assume the RIAA is right, and all of the decline in CD sales is "
 "because of Internet sharing. Here's the rub: In the same period that the "


@@ -5298,7 +5804,7 @@ msgid ""
 msgstr ""
 
 #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><section><para>
 msgstr ""
 
 #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><section><para>

-#: freeculture.xml:3902
+#: freeculture.xml:4026

 msgid ""
 "There are too many different things happening at the same time to explain "
 "these numbers definitively, but one conclusion is unavoidable: The recording "
 msgid ""
 "There are too many different things happening at the same time to explain "
 "these numbers definitively, but one conclusion is unavoidable: The recording "


@@ -5316,7 +5822,7 @@ msgid ""
 msgstr ""
 
 #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><section><para>
 msgstr ""
 
 #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><section><para>

-#: freeculture.xml:3917
+#: freeculture.xml:4042

 msgid ""
 "These are the harms&mdash;alleged and perhaps exaggerated but, let's assume, "
 "real. What of the benefits? File sharing may impose costs on the recording "
 msgid ""
 "These are the harms&mdash;alleged and perhaps exaggerated but, let's assume, "
 "real. What of the benefits? File sharing may impose costs on the recording "


@@ -5325,7 +5831,7 @@ msgstr ""
 
 #.  f15 
 #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><section><para><footnote><para>
 
 #.  f15 
 #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><section><para><footnote><para>

-#: freeculture.xml:3929
+#: freeculture.xml:4054

 msgid ""
 "By one estimate, 75 percent of the music released by the major labels is no "
 "longer in print. See Online Entertainment and Copyright Law&mdash;Coming "
 msgid ""
 "By one estimate, 75 percent of the music released by the major labels is no "
 "longer in print. See Online Entertainment and Copyright Law&mdash;Coming "


@@ -5336,7 +5842,7 @@ msgid ""
 msgstr ""
 
 #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><section><para>
 msgstr ""
 
 #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><section><para>

-#: freeculture.xml:3923
+#: freeculture.xml:4048

 msgid ""
 "One benefit is type C sharing&mdash;making available content that is "
 "technically still under copyright but is no longer commercially available.  "
 msgid ""
 "One benefit is type C sharing&mdash;making available content that is "
 "technically still under copyright but is no longer commercially available.  "


@@ -5349,23 +5855,32 @@ msgid ""
 "<emphasis>to the company</emphasis> to make it available."
 msgstr ""
 
 "<emphasis>to the company</emphasis> to make it available."
 msgstr ""
 

-#.  f16 
+#. type: Content of: <book><chapter><section><section><indexterm><primary>
+#: freeculture.xml:4067 freeculture.xml:4075 freeculture.xml:4097 freeculture.xml:4119 freeculture.xml:4608 freeculture.xml:5937 freeculture.xml:5942 freeculture.xml:5994 freeculture.xml:6870 freeculture.xml:6871 freeculture.xml:7213 freeculture.xml:7275 freeculture.xml:7309 freeculture.xml:7518 freeculture.xml:13796 freeculture.xml:14522 freeculture.xml:14523
+msgid "books"
+msgstr ""
+
+#. type: Content of: <book><chapter><section><section><indexterm><secondary>
+#: freeculture.xml:4067 freeculture.xml:4075 freeculture.xml:6871 freeculture.xml:14523
+msgid "resales of"
+msgstr ""
+

 #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><section><para><footnote><para>
 #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><section><para><footnote><para>

-#: freeculture.xml:3949
+#: freeculture.xml:4075

 msgid ""
 msgid ""

-"While there are not good estimates of the number of used record stores in "
-"existence, in 2002, there were 7,198 used book dealers in the United States, "
-"an increase of 20 percent since 1993. See Book Hunter Press, <citetitle>The "
-"Quiet Revolution: The Expansion of the Used Book Market</citetitle> (2002), "
-"available at <ulink url=\"http://free-culture.cc/notes/\">link "
-"#19</ulink>. Used records accounted for $260 million in sales in 2002. See "
-"National Association of Recording Merchandisers, <quote>2002 Annual Survey "
-"Results,</quote> available at <ulink "
-"url=\"http://free-culture.cc/notes/\">link #20</ulink>."
+"<placeholder type=\"indexterm\" id=\"0\"/> While there are not good "
+"estimates of the number of used record stores in existence, in 2002, there "
+"were 7,198 used book dealers in the United States, an increase of 20 percent "
+"since 1993. See Book Hunter Press, <citetitle>The Quiet Revolution: The "
+"Expansion of the Used Book Market</citetitle> (2002), available at <ulink "
+"url=\"http://free-culture.cc/notes/\">link #19</ulink>. Used records "
+"accounted for $260 million in sales in 2002. See National Association of "
+"Recording Merchandisers, <quote>2002 Annual Survey Results,</quote> "
+"available at <ulink url=\"http://free-culture.cc/notes/\">link #20</ulink>."

 msgstr ""
 
 #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><section><para>
 msgstr ""
 
 #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><section><para>

-#: freeculture.xml:3943
+#: freeculture.xml:4069

 msgid ""
 "In real space&mdash;long before the Internet&mdash;the market had a simple "
 "response to this problem: used book and record stores. There are thousands "
 msgid ""
 "In real space&mdash;long before the Internet&mdash;the market had a simple "
 "response to this problem: used book and record stores. There are thousands "


@@ -5380,12 +5895,17 @@ msgid ""
 msgstr ""
 
 #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><section><indexterm><primary>
 msgstr ""
 
 #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><section><indexterm><primary>

-#: freeculture.xml:3969
+#: freeculture.xml:4096

 msgid "Bernstein, Leonard"
 msgstr ""
 
 msgid "Bernstein, Leonard"
 msgstr ""
 

+#. type: Content of: <book><chapter><section><section><indexterm><secondary>
+#: freeculture.xml:4097 freeculture.xml:5937 freeculture.xml:5942 freeculture.xml:6870 freeculture.xml:14522
+msgid "out of print"
+msgstr ""
+

 #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><section><para>
 #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><section><para>

-#: freeculture.xml:3971
+#: freeculture.xml:4099

 msgid ""
 "Type C sharing, then, is very much like used book stores or used record "
 "stores. It is different, of course, because the person making the content "
 msgid ""
 "Type C sharing, then, is very much like used book stores or used record "
 "stores. It is different, of course, because the person making the content "


@@ -5401,7 +5921,7 @@ msgid ""
 msgstr ""
 
 #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><section><para>
 msgstr ""
 
 #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><section><para>

-#: freeculture.xml:3984
+#: freeculture.xml:4112

 msgid ""
 "It may well be, all things considered, that it would be better if the "
 "copyright owner got something from this trade. But just because it may well "
 msgid ""
 "It may well be, all things considered, that it would be better if the "
 "copyright owner got something from this trade. But just because it may well "


@@ -5411,9 +5931,14 @@ msgid ""
 "well?"
 msgstr ""
 
 "well?"
 msgstr ""
 

+#. type: Content of: <book><chapter><section><section><indexterm><secondary>
+#: freeculture.xml:4119 freeculture.xml:13796
+msgid "free on-line releases of"
+msgstr ""
+

 #.  PAGE BREAK 86 
 #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><section><para>
 #.  PAGE BREAK 86 
 #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><section><para>

-#: freeculture.xml:3992
+#: freeculture.xml:4121

 msgid ""
 "Finally, and perhaps most importantly, file-sharing networks enable type D "
 "sharing to occur&mdash;the sharing of content that copyright owners want to "
 msgid ""
 "Finally, and perhaps most importantly, file-sharing networks enable type D "
 "sharing to occur&mdash;the sharing of content that copyright owners want to "


@@ -5431,7 +5956,7 @@ msgid ""
 msgstr ""
 
 #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><section><para>
 msgstr ""
 
 #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><section><para>

-#: freeculture.xml:4009
+#: freeculture.xml:4139

 msgid ""
 "Likewise for work in the public domain: This sharing benefits society with "
 "no legal harm to authors at all. If efforts to solve the problem of type A "
 msgid ""
 "Likewise for work in the public domain: This sharing benefits society with "
 "no legal harm to authors at all. If efforts to solve the problem of type A "


@@ -5440,7 +5965,7 @@ msgid ""
 msgstr ""
 
 #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><section><para>
 msgstr ""
 
 #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><section><para>

-#: freeculture.xml:4015
+#: freeculture.xml:4145

 msgid ""
 "The point throughout is this: While the recording industry understandably "
 "says, <quote>This is how much we've lost,</quote> we must also ask, "
 msgid ""
 "The point throughout is this: While the recording industry understandably "
 "says, <quote>This is how much we've lost,</quote> we must also ask, "


@@ -5450,7 +5975,7 @@ msgid ""
 msgstr ""
 
 #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><section><para>
 msgstr ""
 
 #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><section><para>

-#: freeculture.xml:4022
+#: freeculture.xml:4152

 msgid ""
 "For unlike the piracy I described in the first section of this chapter, much "
 "of the <quote>piracy</quote> that file sharing enables is plainly legal and "
 msgid ""
 "For unlike the piracy I described in the first section of this chapter, much "
 "of the <quote>piracy</quote> that file sharing enables is plainly legal and "


@@ -5466,7 +5991,7 @@ msgid ""
 msgstr ""
 
 #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><section><para>
 msgstr ""
 
 #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><section><para>

-#: freeculture.xml:4036
+#: freeculture.xml:4166

 msgid ""
 "<quote>But isn't the war just a war against illegal sharing? Isn't the "
 "target just what you call type A sharing?</quote>"
 msgid ""
 "<quote>But isn't the war just a war against illegal sharing? Isn't the "
 "target just what you call type A sharing?</quote>"


@@ -5474,7 +5999,7 @@ msgstr ""
 
 #.  f17 
 #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><section><para><footnote><para>
 
 #.  f17 
 #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><section><para><footnote><para>

-#: freeculture.xml:4053
+#: freeculture.xml:4183

 msgid ""
 "See Transcript of Proceedings, In Re: Napster Copyright Litigation at 34- 35 "
 "(N.D. Cal., 11 July 2001), nos. MDL-00-1369 MHP, C 99-5183 MHP, available at "
 msgid ""
 "See Transcript of Proceedings, In Re: Napster Copyright Litigation at 34- 35 "
 "(N.D. Cal., 11 July 2001), nos. MDL-00-1369 MHP, C 99-5183 MHP, available at "


@@ -5485,7 +6010,7 @@ msgid ""
 msgstr ""
 
 #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><section><para>
 msgstr ""
 
 #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><section><para>

-#: freeculture.xml:4040
+#: freeculture.xml:4170

 msgid ""
 "You would think. And we should hope. But so far, it is not. The effect of "
 "the war purportedly on type A sharing alone has been felt far beyond that "
 msgid ""
 "You would think. And we should hope. But so far, it is not. The effect of "
 "the war purportedly on type A sharing alone has been felt far beyond that "


@@ -5498,7 +6023,7 @@ msgid ""
 msgstr ""
 
 #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><section><para>
 msgstr ""
 
 #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><section><para>

-#: freeculture.xml:4064
+#: freeculture.xml:4194

 msgid ""
 "If 99.4 percent is not good enough, then this is a war on file-sharing "
 "technologies, not a war on copyright infringement. There is no way to assure "
 msgid ""
 "If 99.4 percent is not good enough, then this is a war on file-sharing "
 "technologies, not a war on copyright infringement. There is no way to assure "


@@ -5512,7 +6037,7 @@ msgid ""
 msgstr ""
 
 #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><section><para>
 msgstr ""
 
 #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><section><para>

-#: freeculture.xml:4075
+#: freeculture.xml:4205

 msgid ""
 "Zero tolerance has not been our history. It has not produced the content "
 "industry that we know today. The history of American law has been a process "
 msgid ""
 "Zero tolerance has not been our history. It has not produced the content "
 "industry that we know today. The history of American law has been a process "


@@ -5524,7 +6049,7 @@ msgid ""
 msgstr ""
 
 #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><section><para>
 msgstr ""
 
 #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><section><para>

-#: freeculture.xml:4088
+#: freeculture.xml:4215

 msgid ""
 "So, as we've seen, when <quote>mechanical reproduction</quote> threatened "
 "the interests of composers, Congress balanced the rights of composers "
 msgid ""
 "So, as we've seen, when <quote>mechanical reproduction</quote> threatened "
 "the interests of composers, Congress balanced the rights of composers "


@@ -5538,7 +6063,7 @@ msgid ""
 msgstr ""
 
 #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><section><para>
 msgstr ""
 
 #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><section><para>

-#: freeculture.xml:4100
+#: freeculture.xml:4228

 msgid ""
 "Cable TV followed the pattern of record albums. When the courts rejected the "
 "claim that cable broadcasters had to pay for the content they rebroadcast, "
 msgid ""
 "Cable TV followed the pattern of record albums. When the courts rejected the "
 "claim that cable broadcasters had to pay for the content they rebroadcast, "


@@ -5549,7 +6074,7 @@ msgstr ""
 
 #.  PAGE BREAK 88 
 #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><section><para>
 
 #.  PAGE BREAK 88 
 #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><section><para>

-#: freeculture.xml:4110
+#: freeculture.xml:4238

 msgid ""
 "This compromise, like the compromise affecting records and player pianos, "
 "served two important goals&mdash;indeed, the two central goals of any "
 msgid ""
 "This compromise, like the compromise affecting records and player pianos, "
 "served two important goals&mdash;indeed, the two central goals of any "


@@ -5567,12 +6092,12 @@ msgid ""
 msgstr ""
 
 #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><section><indexterm><primary>
 msgstr ""
 
 #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><section><indexterm><primary>

-#: freeculture.xml:4125
+#: freeculture.xml:4254

 msgid "Betamax"
 msgstr ""
 
 #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><section><para>
 msgid "Betamax"
 msgstr ""
 
 #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><section><para>

-#: freeculture.xml:4127
+#: freeculture.xml:4257

 msgid ""
 "In the same year that Congress struck this balance, two major producers and "
 "distributors of film content filed a lawsuit against another technology, the "
 msgid ""
 "In the same year that Congress struck this balance, two major producers and "
 "distributors of film content filed a lawsuit against another technology, the "


@@ -5589,7 +6114,7 @@ msgstr ""
 
 #.  PAGE BREAK 89 
 #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><section><para>
 
 #.  PAGE BREAK 89 
 #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><section><para>

-#: freeculture.xml:4140
+#: freeculture.xml:4270

 msgid ""
 "There was something to Disney's and Universal's claim. Sony did decide to "
 "design its machine to make it very simple to record television shows. It "
 msgid ""
 "There was something to Disney's and Universal's claim. Sony did decide to "
 "design its machine to make it very simple to record television shows. It "


@@ -5606,7 +6131,7 @@ msgstr ""
 
 #.  f18 
 #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><section><para><footnote><para>
 
 #.  f18 
 #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><section><para><footnote><para>

-#: freeculture.xml:4162
+#: freeculture.xml:4292

 msgid ""
 "Copyright Infringements (Audio and Video Recorders): Hearing on S. 1758 "
 "Before the Senate Committee on the Judiciary, 97th Cong., 1st and 2nd sess., "
 msgid ""
 "Copyright Infringements (Audio and Video Recorders): Hearing on S. 1758 "
 "Before the Senate Committee on the Judiciary, 97th Cong., 1st and 2nd sess., "


@@ -5616,13 +6141,13 @@ msgstr ""
 
 #.  f19 
 #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><section><para><footnote><para>
 
 #.  f19 
 #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><section><para><footnote><para>

-#: freeculture.xml:4174
+#: freeculture.xml:4304

 msgid "Copyright Infringements (Audio and Video Recorders), 475."
 msgstr ""
 
 #.  f20 
 #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><section><para><footnote><para>
 msgid "Copyright Infringements (Audio and Video Recorders), 475."
 msgstr ""
 
 #.  f20 
 #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><section><para><footnote><para>

-#: freeculture.xml:4179
+#: freeculture.xml:4309

 msgid ""
 "<citetitle>Universal City Studios, Inc</citetitle>. v. <citetitle>Sony "
 "Corp. of America</citetitle>, 480 F. Supp. 429, (C.D. Cal., 1979)."
 msgid ""
 "<citetitle>Universal City Studios, Inc</citetitle>. v. <citetitle>Sony "
 "Corp. of America</citetitle>, 480 F. Supp. 429, (C.D. Cal., 1979)."


@@ -5630,14 +6155,14 @@ msgstr ""
 
 #.  f21 
 #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><section><para><footnote><para>
 
 #.  f21 
 #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><section><para><footnote><para>

-#: freeculture.xml:4190
+#: freeculture.xml:4320

 msgid ""
 "Copyright Infringements (Audio and Video Recorders), 485 (testimony of Jack "
 "Valenti)."
 msgstr ""
 
 #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><section><para>
 msgid ""
 "Copyright Infringements (Audio and Video Recorders), 485 (testimony of Jack "
 "Valenti)."
 msgstr ""
 
 #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><section><para>

-#: freeculture.xml:4155
+#: freeculture.xml:4285

 msgid ""
 "MPAA president Jack Valenti became the studios' most vocal champion. Valenti "
 "called VCRs <quote>tapeworms.</quote> He warned, <quote>When there are 20, "
 msgid ""
 "MPAA president Jack Valenti became the studios' most vocal champion. Valenti "
 "called VCRs <quote>tapeworms.</quote> He warned, <quote>When there are 20, "


@@ -5664,19 +6189,19 @@ msgstr ""
 
 #.  f22 
 #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><section><para><footnote><para>
 
 #.  f22 
 #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><section><para><footnote><para>

-#: freeculture.xml:4207
+#: freeculture.xml:4337

 msgid ""
 "<citetitle>Universal City Studios, Inc</citetitle>. v. <citetitle>Sony "
 "Corp. of America</citetitle>, 659 F. 2d 963 (9th Cir.  1981)."
 msgstr ""
 
 #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><section><para><indexterm><primary>
 msgid ""
 "<citetitle>Universal City Studios, Inc</citetitle>. v. <citetitle>Sony "
 "Corp. of America</citetitle>, 659 F. 2d 963 (9th Cir.  1981)."
 msgstr ""
 
 #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><section><para><indexterm><primary>

-#: freeculture.xml:4210
+#: freeculture.xml:4340

 msgid "Kozinski, Alex"
 msgstr ""
 
 #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><section><para>
 msgid "Kozinski, Alex"
 msgstr ""
 
 #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><section><para>

-#: freeculture.xml:4195
+#: freeculture.xml:4325

 msgid ""
 "It took eight years for this case to be resolved by the Supreme Court. In "
 "the interim, the Ninth Circuit Court of Appeals, which includes Hollywood in "
 msgid ""
 "It took eight years for this case to be resolved by the Supreme Court. In "
 "the interim, the Ninth Circuit Court of Appeals, which includes Hollywood in "


@@ -5693,7 +6218,7 @@ msgstr ""
 
 #.  PAGE BREAK 90 
 #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><section><para>
 
 #.  PAGE BREAK 90 
 #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><section><para>

-#: freeculture.xml:4213
+#: freeculture.xml:4343

 msgid ""
 "But the Supreme Court reversed the decision of the Ninth Circuit.  And in "
 "its reversal, the Court clearly articulated its understanding of when and "
 msgid ""
 "But the Supreme Court reversed the decision of the Ninth Circuit.  And in "
 "its reversal, the Court clearly articulated its understanding of when and "


@@ -5702,14 +6227,14 @@ msgstr ""
 
 #.  f23 
 #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><section><blockquote><para><footnote><para>
 
 #.  f23 
 #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><section><blockquote><para><footnote><para>

-#: freeculture.xml:4232
+#: freeculture.xml:4362

 msgid ""
 "<citetitle>Sony Corp. of America</citetitle> v. <citetitle>Universal City "
 "Studios, Inc</citetitle>., 464 U.S. 417, 431 (1984)."
 msgstr ""
 
 #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><section><blockquote><para>
 msgid ""
 "<citetitle>Sony Corp. of America</citetitle> v. <citetitle>Universal City "
 "Studios, Inc</citetitle>., 464 U.S. 417, 431 (1984)."
 msgstr ""
 
 #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><section><blockquote><para>

-#: freeculture.xml:4222
+#: freeculture.xml:4352

 msgid ""
 "Sound policy, as well as history, supports our consistent deference to "
 "Congress when major technological innovations alter the market for "
 msgid ""
 "Sound policy, as well as history, supports our consistent deference to "
 "Congress when major technological innovations alter the market for "


@@ -5720,7 +6245,7 @@ msgid ""
 msgstr ""
 
 #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><section><para>
 msgstr ""
 
 #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><section><para>

-#: freeculture.xml:4237
+#: freeculture.xml:4367

 msgid ""
 "Congress was asked to respond to the Supreme Court's decision.  But as with "
 "the plea of recording artists about radio broadcasts, Congress ignored the "
 msgid ""
 "Congress was asked to respond to the Supreme Court's decision.  But as with "
 "the plea of recording artists about radio broadcasts, Congress ignored the "


@@ -5730,77 +6255,77 @@ msgid ""
 msgstr ""
 
 #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><section><informaltable><tgroup><thead><row><entry>
 msgstr ""
 
 #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><section><informaltable><tgroup><thead><row><entry>

-#: freeculture.xml:4248
+#: freeculture.xml:4378

 msgid "CASE"
 msgstr ""
 
 #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><section><informaltable><tgroup><thead><row><entry>
 msgid "CASE"
 msgstr ""
 
 #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><section><informaltable><tgroup><thead><row><entry>

-#: freeculture.xml:4249
+#: freeculture.xml:4379

 msgid "WHOSE VALUE WAS <quote>PIRATED</quote>"
 msgstr ""
 
 #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><section><informaltable><tgroup><thead><row><entry>
 msgid "WHOSE VALUE WAS <quote>PIRATED</quote>"
 msgstr ""
 
 #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><section><informaltable><tgroup><thead><row><entry>

-#: freeculture.xml:4250
+#: freeculture.xml:4380

 msgid "RESPONSE OF THE COURTS"
 msgstr ""
 
 #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><section><informaltable><tgroup><thead><row><entry>
 msgid "RESPONSE OF THE COURTS"
 msgstr ""
 
 #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><section><informaltable><tgroup><thead><row><entry>

-#: freeculture.xml:4251
+#: freeculture.xml:4381

 msgid "RESPONSE OF CONGRESS"
 msgstr ""
 
 #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><section><informaltable><tgroup><tbody><row><entry>
 msgid "RESPONSE OF CONGRESS"
 msgstr ""
 
 #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><section><informaltable><tgroup><tbody><row><entry>

-#: freeculture.xml:4256
+#: freeculture.xml:4386

 msgid "Recordings"
 msgstr ""
 
 #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><section><informaltable><tgroup><tbody><row><entry>
 msgid "Recordings"
 msgstr ""
 
 #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><section><informaltable><tgroup><tbody><row><entry>

-#: freeculture.xml:4257
+#: freeculture.xml:4387

 msgid "Composers"
 msgstr ""
 
 #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><section><informaltable><tgroup><tbody><row><entry>
 msgid "Composers"
 msgstr ""
 
 #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><section><informaltable><tgroup><tbody><row><entry>

-#: freeculture.xml:4258 freeculture.xml:4270 freeculture.xml:4276
+#: freeculture.xml:4388 freeculture.xml:4400 freeculture.xml:4406

 msgid "No protection"
 msgstr ""
 
 #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><section><informaltable><tgroup><tbody><row><entry>
 msgid "No protection"
 msgstr ""
 
 #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><section><informaltable><tgroup><tbody><row><entry>

-#: freeculture.xml:4259 freeculture.xml:4271
+#: freeculture.xml:4389 freeculture.xml:4401

 msgid "Statutory license"
 msgstr ""
 
 #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><section><informaltable><tgroup><tbody><row><entry>
 msgid "Statutory license"
 msgstr ""
 
 #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><section><informaltable><tgroup><tbody><row><entry>

-#: freeculture.xml:4263
+#: freeculture.xml:4393

 msgid "Recording artists"
 msgstr ""
 
 #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><section><informaltable><tgroup><tbody><row><entry>
 msgid "Recording artists"
 msgstr ""
 
 #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><section><informaltable><tgroup><tbody><row><entry>

-#: freeculture.xml:4264
+#: freeculture.xml:4394

 msgid "N/A"
 msgstr ""
 
 #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><section><informaltable><tgroup><tbody><row><entry>
 msgid "N/A"
 msgstr ""
 
 #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><section><informaltable><tgroup><tbody><row><entry>

-#: freeculture.xml:4265 freeculture.xml:4277
+#: freeculture.xml:4395 freeculture.xml:4407

 msgid "Nothing"
 msgstr ""
 
 #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><section><informaltable><tgroup><tbody><row><entry>
 msgid "Nothing"
 msgstr ""
 
 #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><section><informaltable><tgroup><tbody><row><entry>

-#: freeculture.xml:4269
+#: freeculture.xml:4399

 msgid "Broadcasters"
 msgstr ""
 
 #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><section><informaltable><tgroup><tbody><row><entry>
 msgid "Broadcasters"
 msgstr ""
 
 #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><section><informaltable><tgroup><tbody><row><entry>

-#: freeculture.xml:4274
+#: freeculture.xml:4404

 msgid "VCR"
 msgstr ""
 
 #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><section><informaltable><tgroup><tbody><row><entry>
 msgid "VCR"
 msgstr ""
 
 #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><section><informaltable><tgroup><tbody><row><entry>

-#: freeculture.xml:4275
+#: freeculture.xml:4405

 msgid "Film creators"
 msgstr ""
 
 #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><section><para><footnote><para>
 msgid "Film creators"
 msgstr ""
 
 #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><section><para><footnote><para>

-#: freeculture.xml:4287
+#: freeculture.xml:4417

 msgid ""
 "These are the most important instances in our history, but there are other "
 "cases as well. The technology of digital audio tape (DAT), for example, was "
 msgid ""
 "These are the most important instances in our history, but there are other "
 "cases as well. The technology of digital audio tape (DAT), for example, was "


@@ -5817,7 +6342,7 @@ msgid ""
 msgstr ""
 
 #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><section><para>
 msgstr ""
 
 #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><section><para>

-#: freeculture.xml:4284
+#: freeculture.xml:4414

 msgid ""
 "In each case throughout our history, a new technology changed the way "
 "content was distributed.<placeholder type=\"footnote\" id=\"0\"/> In each "
 msgid ""
 "In each case throughout our history, a new technology changed the way "
 "content was distributed.<placeholder type=\"footnote\" id=\"0\"/> In each "


@@ -5827,7 +6352,7 @@ msgstr ""
 
 #.  PAGE BREAK 91 
 #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><section><para>
 
 #.  PAGE BREAK 91 
 #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><section><para>

-#: freeculture.xml:4305
+#: freeculture.xml:4435

 msgid ""
 "In <emphasis>none</emphasis> of these cases did either the courts or "
 "Congress eliminate all free riding. In <emphasis>none</emphasis> of these "
 msgid ""
 "In <emphasis>none</emphasis> of these cases did either the courts or "
 "Congress eliminate all free riding. In <emphasis>none</emphasis> of these "


@@ -5841,7 +6366,7 @@ msgid ""
 msgstr ""
 
 #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><section><para>
 msgstr ""
 
 #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><section><para>

-#: freeculture.xml:4317
+#: freeculture.xml:4448

 msgid ""
 "When you think across these examples, and the other examples that make up "
 "the first four chapters of this section, this balance makes sense. Was Walt "
 msgid ""
 "When you think across these examples, and the other examples that make up "
 "the first four chapters of this section, this balance makes sense. Was Walt "


@@ -5855,14 +6380,14 @@ msgstr ""
 
 #.  f25 
 #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><section><para><footnote><para>
 
 #.  f25 
 #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><section><para><footnote><para>

-#: freeculture.xml:4334
+#: freeculture.xml:4465

 msgid ""
 "<citetitle>Sony Corp. of America</citetitle> v. <citetitle>Universal City "
 "Studios, Inc</citetitle>., 464 U.S. 417, (1984)."
 msgstr ""
 
 #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><section><para>
 msgid ""
 "<citetitle>Sony Corp. of America</citetitle> v. <citetitle>Universal City "
 "Studios, Inc</citetitle>., 464 U.S. 417, (1984)."
 msgstr ""
 
 #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><section><para>

-#: freeculture.xml:4329
+#: freeculture.xml:4460

 msgid ""
 "We could answer yes to each of these questions, but our tradition has "
 "answered no. In our tradition, as the Supreme Court has stated, copyright "
 msgid ""
 "We could answer yes to each of these questions, but our tradition has "
 "answered no. In our tradition, as the Supreme Court has stated, copyright "


@@ -5876,7 +6401,7 @@ msgid ""
 msgstr ""
 
 #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><section><para>
 msgstr ""
 
 #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><section><para>

-#: freeculture.xml:4345
+#: freeculture.xml:4476

 msgid ""
 "We should be doing the same thing today. The technology of the Internet is "
 "changing quickly. The way people connect to the Internet (wires "
 msgid ""
 "We should be doing the same thing today. The technology of the Internet is "
 "changing quickly. The way people connect to the Internet (wires "


@@ -5893,7 +6418,7 @@ msgstr ""
 
 #.  f26 
 #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><section><para><footnote><para>
 
 #.  f26 
 #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><section><para><footnote><para>

-#: freeculture.xml:4369
+#: freeculture.xml:4500

 msgid ""
 "John Schwartz, <quote>New Economy: The Attack on Peer-to-Peer Software "
 "Echoes Past Efforts,</quote> <citetitle>New York Times</citetitle>, 22 "
 msgid ""
 "John Schwartz, <quote>New Economy: The Attack on Peer-to-Peer Software "
 "Echoes Past Efforts,</quote> <citetitle>New York Times</citetitle>, 22 "


@@ -5901,7 +6426,7 @@ msgid ""
 msgstr ""
 
 #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><section><para>
 msgstr ""
 
 #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><section><para>

-#: freeculture.xml:4361
+#: freeculture.xml:4492

 msgid ""
 "This is especially true when a new technology enables a vastly superior mode "
 "of distribution. And this p2p has done. P2p technologies can be ideally "
 msgid ""
 "This is especially true when a new technology enables a vastly superior mode "
 "of distribution. And this p2p has done. P2p technologies can be ideally "


@@ -5909,20 +6434,25 @@ msgid ""
 "develop, they could make the network vastly more efficient.  Yet these "
 "<quote>potential public benefits,</quote> as John Schwartz writes in "
 "<citetitle>The New York Times</citetitle>, <quote>could be delayed in the "
 "develop, they could make the network vastly more efficient.  Yet these "
 "<quote>potential public benefits,</quote> as John Schwartz writes in "
 "<citetitle>The New York Times</citetitle>, <quote>could be delayed in the "

-"P2P fight.</quote><placeholder type=\"footnote\" id=\"0\"/> Yet when anyone "
-"begins to talk about <quote>balance,</quote> the copyright warriors raise a "
-"different argument. <quote>All this hand waving about balance and "
-"incentives,</quote> they say, <quote>misses a fundamental point. Our "
-"content,</quote> the warriors insist, <quote>is our "
-"<emphasis>property</emphasis>. Why should we wait for Congress to "
-"`rebalance' our property rights? Do you have to wait before calling the "
-"police when your car has been stolen? And why should Congress deliberate at "
-"all about the merits of this theft? Do we ask whether the car thief had a "
-"good use for the car before we arrest him?</quote>"
+"P2P fight.</quote><placeholder type=\"footnote\" id=\"0\"/>"
+msgstr ""
+
+#. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><section><para>
+#: freeculture.xml:4505
+msgid ""
+"<emphasis role='strong'>Yet when anyone</emphasis> begins to talk about "
+"<quote>balance,</quote> the copyright warriors raise a different "
+"argument. <quote>All this hand waving about balance and incentives,</quote> "
+"they say, <quote>misses a fundamental point. Our content,</quote> the "
+"warriors insist, <quote>is our <emphasis>property</emphasis>. Why should we "
+"wait for Congress to `rebalance' our property rights? Do you have to wait "
+"before calling the police when your car has been stolen? And why should "
+"Congress deliberate at all about the merits of this theft? Do we ask whether "
+"the car thief had a good use for the car before we arrest him?</quote>"

 msgstr ""
 
 #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><section><para>
 msgstr ""
 
 #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><section><para>

-#: freeculture.xml:4383
+#: freeculture.xml:4517

 msgid ""
 "<quote>It is <emphasis>our property</emphasis>,</quote> the warriors "
 "insist. <quote>And it should be protected just as any other property is "
 msgid ""
 "<quote>It is <emphasis>our property</emphasis>,</quote> the warriors "
 "insist. <quote>And it should be protected just as any other property is "


@@ -5930,22 +6460,23 @@ msgid ""
 msgstr ""
 
 #. type: Content of: <book><part><title>
 msgstr ""
 
 #. type: Content of: <book><part><title>

-#: freeculture.xml:4392
+#: freeculture.xml:4526

 msgid "<quote>PROPERTY</quote>"
 msgstr ""
 
 #.  PAGE BREAK 94 
 #. type: Content of: <book><part><partintro><para>
 msgid "<quote>PROPERTY</quote>"
 msgstr ""
 
 #.  PAGE BREAK 94 
 #. type: Content of: <book><part><partintro><para>

-#: freeculture.xml:4397
+#: freeculture.xml:4531

 msgid ""
 msgid ""

-"The copyright warriors are right: A copyright is a kind of property. It can "
-"be owned and sold, and the law protects against its theft. Ordinarily, the "
-"copyright owner gets to hold out for any price he wants. Markets reckon the "
-"supply and demand that partially determine the price she can get."
+"<emphasis role='strong'>The copyright warriors</emphasis> are right: A "
+"copyright is a kind of property. It can be owned and sold, and the law "
+"protects against its theft. Ordinarily, the copyright owner gets to hold out "
+"for any price he wants. Markets reckon the supply and demand that partially "
+"determine the price she can get."

 msgstr ""
 
 #. type: Content of: <book><part><partintro><para>
 msgstr ""
 
 #. type: Content of: <book><part><partintro><para>

-#: freeculture.xml:4404
+#: freeculture.xml:4538

 msgid ""
 "But in ordinary language, to call a copyright a <quote>property</quote> "
 "right is a bit misleading, for the property of copyright is an odd kind of "
 msgid ""
 "But in ordinary language, to call a copyright a <quote>property</quote> "
 "right is a bit misleading, for the property of copyright is an odd kind of "


@@ -5960,7 +6491,7 @@ msgstr ""
 
 #.  f1 
 #. type: Content of: <book><part><partintro><para><footnote><para>
 
 #.  f1 
 #. type: Content of: <book><part><partintro><para><footnote><para>

-#: freeculture.xml:4429
+#: freeculture.xml:4563

 msgid ""
 "Letter from Thomas Jefferson to Isaac McPherson (13 August 1813) in "
 "<citetitle>The Writings of Thomas Jefferson</citetitle>, vol. 6 (Andrew "
 msgid ""
 "Letter from Thomas Jefferson to Isaac McPherson (13 August 1813) in "
 "<citetitle>The Writings of Thomas Jefferson</citetitle>, vol. 6 (Andrew "


@@ -5968,7 +6499,7 @@ msgid ""
 msgstr ""
 
 #. type: Content of: <book><part><partintro><para>
 msgstr ""
 
 #. type: Content of: <book><part><partintro><para>

-#: freeculture.xml:4416
+#: freeculture.xml:4550

 msgid ""
 "The point is not just about the thingness of picnic tables versus ideas, "
 "though that's an important difference. The point instead is that in the "
 msgid ""
 "The point is not just about the thingness of picnic tables versus ideas, "
 "though that's an important difference. The point instead is that in the "


@@ -5984,7 +6515,7 @@ msgid ""
 msgstr ""
 
 #. type: Content of: <book><part><partintro><para>
 msgstr ""
 
 #. type: Content of: <book><part><partintro><para>

-#: freeculture.xml:4435
+#: freeculture.xml:4569

 msgid ""
 "The exceptions to free use are ideas and expressions within the reach of the "
 "law of patent and copyright, and a few other domains that I won't discuss "
 msgid ""
 "The exceptions to free use are ideas and expressions within the reach of the "
 "law of patent and copyright, and a few other domains that I won't discuss "


@@ -5994,7 +6525,7 @@ msgstr ""
 
 #.  f2 
 #. type: Content of: <book><part><partintro><para><footnote><para>
 
 #.  f2 
 #. type: Content of: <book><part><partintro><para><footnote><para>

-#: freeculture.xml:4448
+#: freeculture.xml:4582

 msgid ""
 "As the legal realists taught American law, all property rights are "
 "intangible.  A property right is simply a right that an individual has "
 msgid ""
 "As the legal realists taught American law, all property rights are "
 "intangible.  A property right is simply a right that an individual has "


@@ -6006,7 +6537,7 @@ msgid ""
 msgstr ""
 
 #. type: Content of: <book><part><partintro><para>
 msgstr ""
 
 #. type: Content of: <book><part><partintro><para>

-#: freeculture.xml:4443
+#: freeculture.xml:4577

 msgid ""
 "But how, and to what extent, and in what form&mdash;the details, in other "
 "words&mdash;matter. To get a good sense of how this practice of turning the "
 msgid ""
 "But how, and to what extent, and in what form&mdash;the details, in other "
 "words&mdash;matter. To get a good sense of how this practice of turning the "


@@ -6016,7 +6547,7 @@ msgid ""
 msgstr ""
 
 #. type: Content of: <book><part><partintro><para>
 msgstr ""
 
 #. type: Content of: <book><part><partintro><para>

-#: freeculture.xml:4458
+#: freeculture.xml:4592

 msgid ""
 "My strategy in doing this will be the same as my strategy in the preceding "
 "part. I offer four stories to help put the idea of <quote>copyright material "
 msgid ""
 "My strategy in doing this will be the same as my strategy in the preceding "
 "part. I offer four stories to help put the idea of <quote>copyright material "


@@ -6029,45 +6560,51 @@ msgid ""
 msgstr ""
 
 #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><title>
 msgstr ""
 
 #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><title>

-#: freeculture.xml:4471
+#: freeculture.xml:4605

 msgid "CHAPTER SIX: Founders"
 msgstr ""
 
 #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><indexterm><primary>
 msgid "CHAPTER SIX: Founders"
 msgstr ""
 
 #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><indexterm><primary>

-#: freeculture.xml:4472
+#: freeculture.xml:4606

 msgid "Henry V"
 msgstr ""
 
 #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><indexterm><primary>
 msgid "Henry V"
 msgstr ""
 
 #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><indexterm><primary>

-#: freeculture.xml:4473 freeculture.xml:4615
+#: freeculture.xml:4607 freeculture.xml:4752

 msgid "Branagh, Kenneth"
 msgstr ""
 
 msgid "Branagh, Kenneth"
 msgstr ""
 

+#. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><indexterm><secondary>
+#: freeculture.xml:4608
+msgid "English copyright law developed for"
+msgstr ""
+

 #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para>
 #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para>

-#: freeculture.xml:4475
+#: freeculture.xml:4610

 msgid ""
 msgid ""

-"William Shakespeare wrote <citetitle>Romeo and Juliet</citetitle> in "
-"1595. The play was first published in 1597. It was the eleventh major play "
-"that Shakespeare had written. He would continue to write plays through 1613, "
-"and the plays that he wrote have continued to define Anglo-American culture "
-"ever since. So deeply have the works of a sixteenth-century writer seeped "
-"into our culture that we often don't even recognize their source.  I once "
-"overheard someone commenting on Kenneth Branagh's adaptation of Henry V: "
-"<quote>I liked it, but Shakespeare is so full of clichés.</quote>"
+"<emphasis role='strong'>William Shakespeare</emphasis> wrote "
+"<citetitle>Romeo and Juliet</citetitle> in 1595. The play was first "
+"published in 1597. It was the eleventh major play that Shakespeare had "
+"written. He would continue to write plays through 1613, and the plays that "
+"he wrote have continued to define Anglo-American culture ever since. So "
+"deeply have the works of a sixteenth-century writer seeped into our culture "
+"that we often don't even recognize their source.  I once overheard someone "
+"commenting on Kenneth Branagh's adaptation of Henry V: <quote>I liked it, "
+"but Shakespeare is so full of clichés.</quote>"

 msgstr ""
 
 #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para><footnote><para><indexterm><primary>
 msgstr ""
 
 #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para><footnote><para><indexterm><primary>

-#: freeculture.xml:4490
+#: freeculture.xml:4626

 msgid "Jonson, Ben"
 msgstr ""
 
 #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para><footnote><para><indexterm><primary>
 msgid "Jonson, Ben"
 msgstr ""
 
 #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para><footnote><para><indexterm><primary>

-#: freeculture.xml:4491
+#: freeculture.xml:4627

 msgid "Dryden, John"
 msgstr ""
 
 #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para><footnote><para>
 msgid "Dryden, John"
 msgstr ""
 
 #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para><footnote><para>

-#: freeculture.xml:4490
+#: freeculture.xml:4626

 msgid ""
 "<placeholder type=\"indexterm\" id=\"0\"/> <placeholder type=\"indexterm\" "
 "id=\"1\"/> Jacob Tonson is typically remembered for his associations with "
 msgid ""
 "<placeholder type=\"indexterm\" id=\"0\"/> <placeholder type=\"indexterm\" "
 "id=\"1\"/> Jacob Tonson is typically remembered for his associations with "


@@ -6082,7 +6619,7 @@ msgstr ""
 
 #.  f2 
 #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para><footnote><para>
 
 #.  f2 
 #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para><footnote><para>

-#: freeculture.xml:4503
+#: freeculture.xml:4639

 msgid ""
 "Lyman Ray Patterson, <citetitle>Copyright in Historical "
 "Perspective</citetitle> (Nashville: Vanderbilt University Press, 1968), "
 msgid ""
 "Lyman Ray Patterson, <citetitle>Copyright in Historical "
 "Perspective</citetitle> (Nashville: Vanderbilt University Press, 1968), "


@@ -6091,7 +6628,7 @@ msgstr ""
 
 #.  PAGE BREAK 97 
 #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para>
 
 #.  PAGE BREAK 97 
 #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para>

-#: freeculture.xml:4486
+#: freeculture.xml:4622

 msgid ""
 "In 1774, almost 180 years after <citetitle>Romeo and Juliet</citetitle> was "
 "written, the <quote>copy-right</quote> for the work was still thought by "
 msgid ""
 "In 1774, almost 180 years after <citetitle>Romeo and Juliet</citetitle> was "
 "written, the <quote>copy-right</quote> for the work was still thought by "


@@ -6106,16 +6643,21 @@ msgid ""
 "competition to produce better or cheaper editions was eliminated."
 msgstr ""
 
 "competition to produce better or cheaper editions was eliminated."
 msgstr ""
 

+#. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><indexterm><primary>
+#: freeculture.xml:4651
+msgid "British Parliament"
+msgstr ""
+

 #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para><footnote><para>
 #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para><footnote><para>

-#: freeculture.xml:4525
+#: freeculture.xml:4662

 msgid ""
 msgid ""

-"As Siva Vaidhyanathan nicely argues, it is erroneous to call this a "
-"<quote>copyright law.</quote> See Vaidhyanathan, <citetitle>Copyrights and "
-"Copywrongs</citetitle>, 40.  <placeholder type=\"indexterm\" id=\"0\"/>"
+"<placeholder type=\"indexterm\" id=\"0\"/> As Siva Vaidhyanathan nicely "
+"argues, it is erroneous to call this a <quote>copyright law.</quote> See "
+"Vaidhyanathan, <citetitle>Copyrights and Copywrongs</citetitle>, 40."

 msgstr ""
 
 #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para>
 msgstr ""
 
 #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para>

-#: freeculture.xml:4516
+#: freeculture.xml:4653

 msgid ""
 "Now, there's something puzzling about the year 1774 to anyone who knows a "
 "little about copyright law. The better-known year in the history of "
 msgid ""
 "Now, there's something puzzling about the year 1774 to anyone who knows a "
 "little about copyright law. The better-known year in the history of "


@@ -6129,13 +6671,13 @@ msgid ""
 "about it still being under Tonson's control in 1774?"
 msgstr ""
 
 "about it still being under Tonson's control in 1774?"
 msgstr ""
 

-#. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para><indexterm><primary>
-#: freeculture.xml:4542
+#. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><indexterm><primary>
+#: freeculture.xml:4669

 msgid "Licensing Act (1662)"
 msgstr ""
 
 #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para>
 msgid "Licensing Act (1662)"
 msgstr ""
 
 #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para>

-#: freeculture.xml:4533
+#: freeculture.xml:4671

 msgid ""
 "The reason is that the English hadn't yet agreed on what a "
 "<quote>copyright</quote> was&mdash;indeed, no one had. At the time the "
 msgid ""
 "The reason is that the English hadn't yet agreed on what a "
 "<quote>copyright</quote> was&mdash;indeed, no one had. At the time the "


@@ -6144,12 +6686,11 @@ msgid ""
 "had expired in 1695. That law gave publishers a monopoly over publishing, as "
 "a way to make it easier for the Crown to control what was published.  But "
 "after it expired, there was no positive law that said that the publishers, "
 "had expired in 1695. That law gave publishers a monopoly over publishing, as "
 "a way to make it easier for the Crown to control what was published.  But "
 "after it expired, there was no positive law that said that the publishers, "

-"or <quote>Stationers,</quote> had an exclusive right to print books.  "
-"<placeholder type=\"indexterm\" id=\"0\"/>"
+"or <quote>Stationers,</quote> had an exclusive right to print books."

 msgstr ""
 
 #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para>
 msgstr ""
 
 #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para>

-#: freeculture.xml:4545
+#: freeculture.xml:4682

 msgid ""
 "There was no <emphasis>positive</emphasis> law, but that didn't mean that "
 "there was no law. The Anglo-American legal tradition looks to both the words "
 msgid ""
 "There was no <emphasis>positive</emphasis> law, but that didn't mean that "
 "there was no law. The Anglo-American legal tradition looks to both the words "


@@ -6165,7 +6706,7 @@ msgstr ""
 
 #.  PAGE BREAK 98 
 #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para>
 
 #.  PAGE BREAK 98 
 #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para>

-#: freeculture.xml:4557
+#: freeculture.xml:4694

 msgid ""
 "This question was important to the publishers, or "
 "<quote>booksellers,</quote> as they were called, because there was growing "
 msgid ""
 "This question was important to the publishers, or "
 "<quote>booksellers,</quote> as they were called, because there was growing "


@@ -6177,7 +6718,7 @@ msgid ""
 msgstr ""
 
 #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para>
 msgstr ""
 
 #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para>

-#: freeculture.xml:4569
+#: freeculture.xml:4706

 msgid ""
 "The Statute of Anne granted the author or <quote>proprietor</quote> of a "
 "book an exclusive right to print that book. In an important limitation, "
 msgid ""
 "The Statute of Anne granted the author or <quote>proprietor</quote> of a "
 "book an exclusive right to print that book. In an important limitation, "


@@ -6188,7 +6729,7 @@ msgid ""
 msgstr ""
 
 #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para>
 msgstr ""
 
 #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para>

-#: freeculture.xml:4578
+#: freeculture.xml:4715

 msgid ""
 "Now, the thing to puzzle about for a moment is this: Why would Parliament "
 "limit the exclusive right? Not why would they limit it to the particular "
 msgid ""
 "Now, the thing to puzzle about for a moment is this: Why would Parliament "
 "limit the exclusive right? Not why would they limit it to the particular "


@@ -6197,7 +6738,7 @@ msgid ""
 msgstr ""
 
 #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para>
 msgstr ""
 
 #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para>

-#: freeculture.xml:4584
+#: freeculture.xml:4721

 msgid ""
 "For the booksellers, and the authors whom they represented, had a very "
 "strong claim. Take <citetitle>Romeo and Juliet</citetitle> as an example: "
 msgid ""
 "For the booksellers, and the authors whom they represented, had a very "
 "strong claim. Take <citetitle>Romeo and Juliet</citetitle> as an example: "


@@ -6211,7 +6752,7 @@ msgid ""
 msgstr ""
 
 #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para>
 msgstr ""
 
 #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para>

-#: freeculture.xml:4595
+#: freeculture.xml:4732

 msgid ""
 "The answer comes in two parts. We first need to see something special about "
 "the notion of <quote>copyright</quote> that existed at the time of the "
 msgid ""
 "The answer comes in two parts. We first need to see something special about "
 "the notion of <quote>copyright</quote> that existed at the time of the "


@@ -6221,7 +6762,7 @@ msgstr ""
 
 #.  PAGE BREAK 99 
 #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para>
 
 #.  PAGE BREAK 99 
 #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para>

-#: freeculture.xml:4601
+#: freeculture.xml:4738

 msgid ""
 "First, about copyright. In the last three hundred years, we have come to "
 "apply the concept of <quote>copyright</quote> ever more broadly. But in "
 msgid ""
 "First, about copyright. In the last three hundred years, we have come to "
 "apply the concept of <quote>copyright</quote> ever more broadly. But in "


@@ -6237,7 +6778,7 @@ msgid ""
 msgstr ""
 
 #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para>
 msgstr ""
 
 #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para>

-#: freeculture.xml:4617
+#: freeculture.xml:4754

 msgid ""
 "So, for example, even if the copyright to Shakespeare's works were "
 "perpetual, all that would have meant under the original meaning of the term "
 msgid ""
 "So, for example, even if the copyright to Shakespeare's works were "
 "perpetual, all that would have meant under the original meaning of the term "


@@ -6250,17 +6791,17 @@ msgid ""
 msgstr ""
 
 #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><indexterm><primary>
 msgstr ""
 
 #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><indexterm><primary>

-#: freeculture.xml:4626
+#: freeculture.xml:4763

 msgid "Henry VIII, King of England"
 msgstr ""
 
 #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><indexterm><primary>
 msgid "Henry VIII, King of England"
 msgstr ""
 
 #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><indexterm><primary>

-#: freeculture.xml:4627
+#: freeculture.xml:4764

 msgid "Statute of Monopolies (1656)"
 msgstr ""
 
 #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para>
 msgid "Statute of Monopolies (1656)"
 msgstr ""
 
 #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para>

-#: freeculture.xml:4629
+#: freeculture.xml:4766

 msgid ""
 "Even that limited right was viewed with skepticism by the British.  They had "
 "had a long and ugly experience with <quote>exclusive rights,</quote> "
 msgid ""
 "Even that limited right was viewed with skepticism by the British.  They had "
 "had a long and ugly experience with <quote>exclusive rights,</quote> "


@@ -6275,7 +6816,7 @@ msgid ""
 msgstr ""
 
 #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para>
 msgstr ""
 
 #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para>

-#: freeculture.xml:4642
+#: freeculture.xml:4779

 msgid ""
 "Thus the <quote>copy-right,</quote> when viewed as a monopoly right, was "
 "naturally viewed as a right that should be limited. (However convincing the "
 msgid ""
 "Thus the <quote>copy-right,</quote> when viewed as a monopoly right, was "
 "naturally viewed as a right that should be limited. (However convincing the "


@@ -6286,16 +6827,21 @@ msgid ""
 "specialinterest favors; they passed a law to stop them."
 msgstr ""
 
 "specialinterest favors; they passed a law to stop them."
 msgstr ""
 

+#. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><indexterm><primary>
+#: freeculture.xml:4787
+msgid "booksellers, English"
+msgstr ""
+

 #.  f4 
 #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para><footnote><para>
 #.  f4 
 #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para><footnote><para>

-#: freeculture.xml:4666
+#: freeculture.xml:4804

 msgid ""
 "Philip Wittenberg, <citetitle>The Protection and Marketing of Literary "
 "Property</citetitle> (New York: J. Messner, Inc., 1937), 31."
 msgstr ""
 
 #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para>
 msgid ""
 "Philip Wittenberg, <citetitle>The Protection and Marketing of Literary "
 "Property</citetitle> (New York: J. Messner, Inc., 1937), 31."
 msgstr ""
 
 #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para>

-#: freeculture.xml:4651
+#: freeculture.xml:4789

 msgid ""
 "Second, about booksellers. It wasn't just that the copyright was a "
 "monopoly. It was also that it was a monopoly held by the booksellers.  "
 msgid ""
 "Second, about booksellers. It wasn't just that the copyright was a "
 "monopoly. It was also that it was a monopoly held by the booksellers.  "


@@ -6311,7 +6857,7 @@ msgid ""
 msgstr ""
 
 #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para>
 msgstr ""
 
 #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para>

-#: freeculture.xml:4671
+#: freeculture.xml:4809

 msgid ""
 "Many believed the power the booksellers exercised over the spread of "
 "knowledge was harming that spread, just at the time the Enlightenment was "
 msgid ""
 "Many believed the power the booksellers exercised over the spread of "
 "knowledge was harming that spread, just at the time the Enlightenment was "


@@ -6321,7 +6867,7 @@ msgid ""
 msgstr ""
 
 #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para>
 msgstr ""
 
 #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para>

-#: freeculture.xml:4679
+#: freeculture.xml:4817

 msgid ""
 "To balance this power, Parliament decided to increase competition among "
 "booksellers, and the simplest way to do that was to spread the wealth of "
 msgid ""
 "To balance this power, Parliament decided to increase competition among "
 "booksellers, and the simplest way to do that was to spread the wealth of "


@@ -6335,7 +6881,7 @@ msgid ""
 msgstr ""
 
 #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para>
 msgstr ""
 
 #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para>

-#: freeculture.xml:4691
+#: freeculture.xml:4829

 msgid ""
 "When 1731 (1710 + 21) came along, however, the booksellers were getting "
 "anxious. They saw the consequences of more competition, and like every "
 msgid ""
 "When 1731 (1710 + 21) came along, however, the booksellers were getting "
 "anxious. They saw the consequences of more competition, and like every "


@@ -6347,7 +6893,7 @@ msgid ""
 msgstr ""
 
 #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para>
 msgstr ""
 
 #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para>

-#: freeculture.xml:4700
+#: freeculture.xml:4838

 msgid ""
 "Parliament rejected their requests. As one pamphleteer put it, in words that "
 "echo today,"
 msgid ""
 "Parliament rejected their requests. As one pamphleteer put it, in words that "
 "echo today,"


@@ -6355,7 +6901,7 @@ msgstr ""
 
 #.  f5 
 #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><blockquote><para><footnote><para>
 
 #.  f5 
 #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><blockquote><para><footnote><para>

-#: freeculture.xml:4715
+#: freeculture.xml:4853

 msgid ""
 "A Letter to a Member of Parliament concerning the Bill now depending in the "
 "House of Commons, for making more effectual an Act in the Eighth Year of the "
 msgid ""
 "A Letter to a Member of Parliament concerning the Bill now depending in the "
 "House of Commons, for making more effectual an Act in the Eighth Year of the "


@@ -6367,7 +6913,7 @@ msgid ""
 msgstr ""
 
 #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><blockquote><para>
 msgstr ""
 
 #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><blockquote><para>

-#: freeculture.xml:4705
+#: freeculture.xml:4843

 msgid ""
 "I see no Reason for granting a further Term now, which will not hold as well "
 "for granting it again and again, as often as the Old ones Expire; so that "
 msgid ""
 "I see no Reason for granting a further Term now, which will not hold as well "
 "for granting it again and again, as often as the Old ones Expire; so that "


@@ -6379,7 +6925,7 @@ msgid ""
 msgstr ""
 
 #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para>
 msgstr ""
 
 #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para>

-#: freeculture.xml:4726
+#: freeculture.xml:4864

 msgid ""
 "Having failed in Parliament, the publishers turned to the courts in a series "
 "of cases. Their argument was simple and direct: The Statute of Anne gave "
 msgid ""
 "Having failed in Parliament, the publishers turned to the courts in a series "
 "of cases. Their argument was simple and direct: The Statute of Anne gave "


@@ -6395,17 +6941,22 @@ msgid ""
 "the only way to protect authors."
 msgstr ""
 
 "the only way to protect authors."
 msgstr ""
 

+#. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para><footnote><para><indexterm><primary>
+#: freeculture.xml:4878 freeculture.xml:4886 freeculture.xml:4933
+msgid "Patterson, Raymond"
+msgstr ""
+

 #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para><footnote><para>
 #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para><footnote><para>

-#: freeculture.xml:4747
+#: freeculture.xml:4886

 msgid ""
 msgid ""

-"Lyman Ray Patterson, <quote>Free Speech, Copyright, and Fair Use,</quote> "
-"<citetitle>Vanderbilt Law Review</citetitle> 40 (1987): 28. For a "
-"wonderfully compelling account, see Vaidhyanathan, 37&ndash;48.  "
-"<placeholder type=\"indexterm\" id=\"0\"/>"
+"<placeholder type=\"indexterm\" id=\"0\"/> <placeholder type=\"indexterm\" "
+"id=\"1\"/> Lyman Ray Patterson, <quote>Free Speech, Copyright, and Fair "
+"Use,</quote> <citetitle>Vanderbilt Law Review</citetitle> 40 (1987): 28. For "
+"a wonderfully compelling account, see Vaidhyanathan, 37&ndash;48."

 msgstr ""
 
 #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para>
 msgstr ""
 
 #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para>

-#: freeculture.xml:4741
+#: freeculture.xml:4880

 msgid ""
 "This was a clever argument, and one that had the support of some of the "
 "leading jurists of the day. It also displayed extraordinary chutzpah.  Until "
 msgid ""
 "This was a clever argument, and one that had the support of some of the "
 "leading jurists of the day. It also displayed extraordinary chutzpah.  Until "


@@ -6418,27 +6969,37 @@ msgstr ""
 
 #.  f7 
 #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para><footnote><para>
 
 #.  f7 
 #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para><footnote><para>

-#: freeculture.xml:4760
+#: freeculture.xml:4900

 msgid ""
 "For a compelling account, see David Saunders, <citetitle>Authorship and "
 "Copyright</citetitle> (London: Routledge, 1992), 62&ndash;69."
 msgstr ""
 
 #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para>
 msgid ""
 "For a compelling account, see David Saunders, <citetitle>Authorship and "
 "Copyright</citetitle> (London: Routledge, 1992), 62&ndash;69."
 msgstr ""
 
 #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para>

-#: freeculture.xml:4756
+#: freeculture.xml:4896

 msgid ""
 "The booksellers' argument was not accepted without a fight.  The hero of "
 "this fight was a Scottish bookseller named Alexander Donaldson.<placeholder "
 "type=\"footnote\" id=\"0\"/>"
 msgstr ""
 
 msgid ""
 "The booksellers' argument was not accepted without a fight.  The hero of "
 "this fight was a Scottish bookseller named Alexander Donaldson.<placeholder "
 "type=\"footnote\" id=\"0\"/>"
 msgstr ""
 

+#. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><indexterm><primary>
+#: freeculture.xml:4904
+msgid "Boswell, James"
+msgstr ""
+
+#. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><indexterm><primary>
+#: freeculture.xml:4905
+msgid "Erskine, Andrew"
+msgstr ""
+

 #. type: Content of: <book><chapter><indexterm><primary>
 #. type: Content of: <book><chapter><indexterm><primary>

-#: freeculture.xml:4772 freeculture.xml:14769
+#: freeculture.xml:4914 freeculture.xml:14946

 msgid "Rose, Mark"
 msgstr ""
 
 #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para><footnote><para>
 msgid "Rose, Mark"
 msgstr ""
 
 #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para><footnote><para>

-#: freeculture.xml:4770
+#: freeculture.xml:4912

 msgid ""
 "Mark Rose, <citetitle>Authors and Owners</citetitle> (Cambridge: Harvard "
 "University Press, 1993), 92.  <placeholder type=\"indexterm\" id=\"0\"/>"
 msgid ""
 "Mark Rose, <citetitle>Authors and Owners</citetitle> (Cambridge: Harvard "
 "University Press, 1993), 92.  <placeholder type=\"indexterm\" id=\"0\"/>"


@@ -6446,22 +7007,12 @@ msgstr ""
 
 #.  f9 
 #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para><footnote><para>
 
 #.  f9 
 #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para><footnote><para>

-#: freeculture.xml:4781
+#: freeculture.xml:4923

 msgid "Ibid., 93."
 msgstr ""
 
 msgid "Ibid., 93."
 msgstr ""
 

-#. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para><indexterm><primary>
-#: freeculture.xml:4783
-msgid "Boswell, James"
-msgstr ""
-
-#. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para><indexterm><primary>
-#: freeculture.xml:4784
-msgid "Erskine, Andrew"
-msgstr ""
-

 #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para>
 #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para>

-#: freeculture.xml:4765
+#: freeculture.xml:4907

 msgid ""
 "Donaldson was an outsider to the London Conger. He began his career in "
 "Edinburgh in 1750. The focus of his business was inexpensive reprints "
 msgid ""
 "Donaldson was an outsider to the London Conger. He began his career in "
 "Edinburgh in 1750. The focus of his business was inexpensive reprints "


@@ -6471,21 +7022,19 @@ msgid ""
 "center for literary Scotsmen.</quote> <quote>[A]mong them,</quote> Professor "
 "Mark Rose writes, was <quote>the young James Boswell who, together with his "
 "friend Andrew Erskine, published an anthology of contemporary Scottish poems "
 "center for literary Scotsmen.</quote> <quote>[A]mong them,</quote> Professor "
 "Mark Rose writes, was <quote>the young James Boswell who, together with his "
 "friend Andrew Erskine, published an anthology of contemporary Scottish poems "

-"with Donaldson.</quote><placeholder type=\"footnote\" id=\"1\"/> "
-"<placeholder type=\"indexterm\" id=\"2\"/> <placeholder type=\"indexterm\" "
-"id=\"3\"/>"
+"with Donaldson.</quote><placeholder type=\"footnote\" id=\"1\"/>"

 msgstr ""
 
 msgstr ""
 

-#.  f10 

 #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para><footnote><para>
 #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para><footnote><para>

-#: freeculture.xml:4793
+#: freeculture.xml:4933

 msgid ""
 msgid ""

-"Lyman Ray Patterson, <citetitle>Copyright in Historical "
-"Perspective</citetitle>, 167 (quoting Borwell)."
+"<placeholder type=\"indexterm\" id=\"0\"/> Lyman Ray Patterson, "
+"<citetitle>Copyright in Historical Perspective</citetitle>, 167 (quoting "
+"Borwell)."

 msgstr ""
 
 #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para>
 msgstr ""
 
 #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para>

-#: freeculture.xml:4787
+#: freeculture.xml:4927

 msgid ""
 "When the London booksellers tried to shut down Donaldson's shop in Scotland, "
 "he responded by moving his shop to London, where he sold inexpensive "
 msgid ""
 "When the London booksellers tried to shut down Donaldson's shop in Scotland, "
 "he responded by moving his shop to London, where he sold inexpensive "


@@ -6497,7 +7046,7 @@ msgid ""
 msgstr ""
 
 #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para>
 msgstr ""
 
 #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para>

-#: freeculture.xml:4801
+#: freeculture.xml:4942

 msgid ""
 "The London booksellers quickly brought suit to block <quote>piracy</quote> "
 "like Donaldson's. A number of actions were successful against the "
 msgid ""
 "The London booksellers quickly brought suit to block <quote>piracy</quote> "
 "like Donaldson's. A number of actions were successful against the "


@@ -6506,13 +7055,18 @@ msgid ""
 msgstr ""
 
 #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><indexterm><primary>
 msgstr ""
 
 #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><indexterm><primary>

-#: freeculture.xml:4805
+#: freeculture.xml:4946
+msgid "Seasons, The (Thomson)"
+msgstr ""
+
+#. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><indexterm><primary>
+#: freeculture.xml:4947

 msgid "Taylor, Robert"
 msgstr ""
 
 #.  f11 
 #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para><footnote><para>
 msgid "Taylor, Robert"
 msgstr ""
 
 #.  f11 
 #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para><footnote><para>

-#: freeculture.xml:4814
+#: freeculture.xml:4956

 msgid ""
 "Howard B. Abrams, <quote>The Historic Foundation of American Copyright Law: "
 "Exploding the Myth of Common Law Copyright,</quote> <citetitle>Wayne Law "
 msgid ""
 "Howard B. Abrams, <quote>The Historic Foundation of American Copyright Law: "
 "Exploding the Myth of Common Law Copyright,</quote> <citetitle>Wayne Law "


@@ -6520,7 +7074,7 @@ msgid ""
 msgstr ""
 
 #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para>
 msgstr ""
 
 #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para>

-#: freeculture.xml:4807
+#: freeculture.xml:4949

 msgid ""
 "Millar was a bookseller who in 1729 had purchased the rights to James "
 "Thomson's poem <quote>The Seasons.</quote> Millar complied with the "
 msgid ""
 "Millar was a bookseller who in 1729 had purchased the rights to James "
 "Thomson's poem <quote>The Seasons.</quote> Millar complied with the "


@@ -6532,7 +7086,7 @@ msgid ""
 msgstr ""
 
 #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para>
 msgstr ""
 
 #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para>

-#: freeculture.xml:4823
+#: freeculture.xml:4963

 msgid ""
 "Astonishingly to modern lawyers, one of the greatest judges in English "
 "history, Lord Mansfield, agreed with the booksellers. Whatever protection "
 msgid ""
 "Astonishingly to modern lawyers, one of the greatest judges in English "
 "history, Lord Mansfield, agreed with the booksellers. Whatever protection "


@@ -6547,7 +7101,7 @@ msgstr ""
 
 #.  PAGE BREAK 103 
 #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para>
 
 #.  PAGE BREAK 103 
 #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para>

-#: freeculture.xml:4834
+#: freeculture.xml:4974

 msgid ""
 "Considered as a matter of abstract justice&mdash;reasoning as if justice "
 "were just a matter of logical deduction from first "
 msgid ""
 "Considered as a matter of abstract justice&mdash;reasoning as if justice "
 "were just a matter of logical deduction from first "


@@ -6562,25 +7116,25 @@ msgid ""
 msgstr ""
 
 #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para>
 msgstr ""
 
 #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para>

-#: freeculture.xml:4849
+#: freeculture.xml:4989

 msgid ""
 "The fight to defend the limits of the Statute of Anne was not to end there, "
 "however, and it is here that Donaldson enters the mix."
 msgstr ""
 
 #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><indexterm><primary>
 msgid ""
 "The fight to defend the limits of the Statute of Anne was not to end there, "
 "however, and it is here that Donaldson enters the mix."
 msgstr ""
 
 #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><indexterm><primary>

-#: freeculture.xml:4852
+#: freeculture.xml:4992

 msgid "Beckett, Thomas"
 msgstr ""
 
 #.  f12 
 #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para><footnote><para>
 msgid "Beckett, Thomas"
 msgstr ""
 
 #.  f12 
 #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para><footnote><para>

-#: freeculture.xml:4858
+#: freeculture.xml:4998

 msgid "Ibid., 1156."
 msgstr ""
 
 #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para>
 msgid "Ibid., 1156."
 msgstr ""
 
 #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para>

-#: freeculture.xml:4854
+#: freeculture.xml:4994

 msgid ""
 "Millar died soon after his victory, so his case was not appealed. His estate "
 "sold Thomson's poems to a syndicate of printers that included Thomas "
 msgid ""
 "Millar died soon after his victory, so his case was not appealed. His estate "
 "sold Thomson's poems to a syndicate of printers that included Thomas "


@@ -6594,7 +7148,7 @@ msgid ""
 msgstr ""
 
 #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para>
 msgstr ""
 
 #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para>

-#: freeculture.xml:4868
+#: freeculture.xml:5008

 msgid ""
 "As few legal cases ever do, <citetitle>Donaldson</citetitle> "
 "v. <citetitle>Beckett</citetitle> drew an enormous amount of attention "
 msgid ""
 "As few legal cases ever do, <citetitle>Donaldson</citetitle> "
 "v. <citetitle>Beckett</citetitle> drew an enormous amount of attention "


@@ -6607,7 +7161,7 @@ msgid ""
 msgstr ""
 
 #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para>
 msgstr ""
 
 #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para>

-#: freeculture.xml:4878
+#: freeculture.xml:5018

 msgid ""
 "The House of Lords was an odd institution. Legal questions were presented to "
 "the House and voted upon first by the <quote>law lords,</quote> members of "
 msgid ""
 "The House of Lords was an odd institution. Legal questions were presented to "
 "the House and voted upon first by the <quote>law lords,</quote> members of "


@@ -6618,7 +7172,7 @@ msgstr ""
 
 #.  PAGE BREAK 104 
 #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para>
 
 #.  PAGE BREAK 104 
 #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para>

-#: freeculture.xml:4885
+#: freeculture.xml:5025

 msgid ""
 "The reports about the law lords' votes are mixed. On some counts, it looks "
 "as if perpetual copyright prevailed. But there is no ambiguity about how the "
 msgid ""
 "The reports about the law lords' votes are mixed. On some counts, it looks "
 "as if perpetual copyright prevailed. But there is no ambiguity about how the "


@@ -6630,32 +7184,27 @@ msgid ""
 msgstr ""
 
 #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para><indexterm><primary>
 msgstr ""
 
 #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para><indexterm><primary>

-#: freeculture.xml:4903
+#: freeculture.xml:5043

 msgid "Bacon, Francis"
 msgstr ""
 
 #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para><indexterm><primary>
 msgid "Bacon, Francis"
 msgstr ""
 
 #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para><indexterm><primary>

-#: freeculture.xml:4904
+#: freeculture.xml:5044

 msgid "Bunyan, John"
 msgstr ""
 
 #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para><indexterm><primary>
 msgid "Bunyan, John"
 msgstr ""
 
 #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para><indexterm><primary>

-#: freeculture.xml:4905
+#: freeculture.xml:5045

 msgid "Johnson, Samuel"
 msgstr ""
 
 #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para><indexterm><primary>
 msgid "Johnson, Samuel"
 msgstr ""
 
 #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para><indexterm><primary>

-#: freeculture.xml:4906
+#: freeculture.xml:5046

 msgid "Milton, John"
 msgstr ""
 
 msgid "Milton, John"
 msgstr ""
 

-#. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para><indexterm><primary>
-#: freeculture.xml:4907
-msgid "Shakespeare, William"
-msgstr ""
-

 #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para>
 #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para>

-#: freeculture.xml:4895
+#: freeculture.xml:5035

 msgid ""
 "<quote>The public domain.</quote> Before the case of "
 "<citetitle>Donaldson</citetitle> v. <citetitle>Beckett</citetitle>, there "
 msgid ""
 "<quote>The public domain.</quote> Before the case of "
 "<citetitle>Donaldson</citetitle> v. <citetitle>Beckett</citetitle>, there "


@@ -6672,12 +7221,12 @@ msgstr ""
 
 #.  f13 
 #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para><footnote><para>
 
 #.  f13 
 #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para><footnote><para>

-#: freeculture.xml:4920
+#: freeculture.xml:5060

 msgid "Rose, 97."
 msgstr ""
 
 #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para>
 msgid "Rose, 97."
 msgstr ""
 
 #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para>

-#: freeculture.xml:4910
+#: freeculture.xml:5050

 msgid ""
 "It is hard for us to imagine, but this decision by the House of Lords fueled "
 "an extraordinarily popular and political reaction. In Scotland, where most "
 msgid ""
 "It is hard for us to imagine, but this decision by the House of Lords fueled "
 "an extraordinarily popular and political reaction. In Scotland, where most "


@@ -6692,7 +7241,7 @@ msgid ""
 msgstr ""
 
 #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para>
 msgstr ""
 
 #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para>

-#: freeculture.xml:4924
+#: freeculture.xml:5064

 msgid ""
 "In London, however, at least among publishers, the reaction was equally "
 "strong in the opposite direction. The <citetitle>Morning "
 msgid ""
 "In London, however, at least among publishers, the reaction was equally "
 "strong in the opposite direction. The <citetitle>Morning "


@@ -6700,7 +7249,7 @@ msgid ""
 msgstr ""
 
 #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><blockquote><para>
 msgstr ""
 
 #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><blockquote><para>

-#: freeculture.xml:4930
+#: freeculture.xml:5070

 msgid ""
 "By the above decision &hellip; near 200,000 pounds worth of what was "
 "honestly purchased at public sale, and which was yesterday thought property "
 msgid ""
 "By the above decision &hellip; near 200,000 pounds worth of what was "
 "honestly purchased at public sale, and which was yesterday thought property "


@@ -6714,7 +7263,7 @@ msgstr ""
 
 #.  PAGE BREAK 105 
 #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para>
 
 #.  PAGE BREAK 105 
 #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para>

-#: freeculture.xml:4945
+#: freeculture.xml:5085

 msgid ""
 "<quote>Ruined</quote> is a bit of an exaggeration. But it is not an "
 "exaggeration to say that the change was profound. The decision of the House "
 msgid ""
 "<quote>Ruined</quote> is a bit of an exaggeration. But it is not an "
 "exaggeration to say that the change was profound. The decision of the House "


@@ -6737,7 +7286,7 @@ msgid ""
 msgstr ""
 
 #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para>
 msgstr ""
 
 #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para>

-#: freeculture.xml:4966
+#: freeculture.xml:5107

 msgid ""
 "At least, this was the rule in a world where the Parliament is antimonopoly, "
 "resistant to the protectionist pleas of publishers. In a world where the "
 msgid ""
 "At least, this was the rule in a world where the Parliament is antimonopoly, "
 "resistant to the protectionist pleas of publishers. In a world where the "


@@ -6745,33 +7294,34 @@ msgid ""
 msgstr ""
 
 #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><title>
 msgstr ""
 
 #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><title>

-#: freeculture.xml:4974
+#: freeculture.xml:5117

 msgid "CHAPTER SEVEN: Recorders"
 msgstr ""
 
 #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para>
 msgid "CHAPTER SEVEN: Recorders"
 msgstr ""
 
 #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para>

-#: freeculture.xml:4976
+#: freeculture.xml:5119

 msgid ""
 msgid ""

-"Jon Else is a filmmaker. He is best known for his documentaries and has been "
-"very successful in spreading his art. He is also a teacher, and as a teacher "
-"myself, I envy the loyalty and admiration that his students feel for him. (I "
-"met, by accident, two of his students at a dinner party.  He was their god.)"
+"<emphasis role='strong'>Jon Else</emphasis> is a filmmaker. He is best known "
+"for his documentaries and has been very successful in spreading his art. He "
+"is also a teacher, and as a teacher myself, I envy the loyalty and "
+"admiration that his students feel for him. (I met, by accident, two of his "
+"students at a dinner party.  He was their god.)"

 msgstr ""
 
 #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para>
 msgstr ""
 
 #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para>

-#: freeculture.xml:4983
+#: freeculture.xml:5126

 msgid ""
 "Else worked on a documentary that I was involved in. At a break, he told me "
 "a story about the freedom to create with film in America today."
 msgstr ""
 
 msgid ""
 "Else worked on a documentary that I was involved in. At a break, he told me "
 "a story about the freedom to create with film in America today."
 msgstr ""
 

-#. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para><indexterm><primary>
-#: freeculture.xml:4994 freeculture.xml:5064
+#. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><indexterm><primary>
+#: freeculture.xml:5137 freeculture.xml:5200

 msgid "San Francisco Opera"
 msgstr ""
 
 #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para>
 msgid "San Francisco Opera"
 msgstr ""
 
 #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para>

-#: freeculture.xml:4988
+#: freeculture.xml:5131

 msgid ""
 "In 1990, Else was working on a documentary about Wagner's Ring Cycle. The "
 "focus was stagehands at the San Francisco Opera.  Stagehands are a "
 msgid ""
 "In 1990, Else was working on a documentary about Wagner's Ring Cycle. The "
 "focus was stagehands at the San Francisco Opera.  Stagehands are a "


@@ -6783,7 +7333,7 @@ msgstr ""
 
 #.  PAGE BREAK 107 
 #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para>
 
 #.  PAGE BREAK 107 
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-#: freeculture.xml:4997
+#: freeculture.xml:5140

 msgid ""
 "During one of the performances, Else was shooting some stagehands playing "
 "checkers. In one corner of the room was a television set.  Playing on the "
 msgid ""
 "During one of the performances, Else was shooting some stagehands playing "
 "checkers. In one corner of the room was a television set.  Playing on the "


@@ -6794,7 +7344,7 @@ msgid ""
 msgstr ""
 
 #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para>
 msgstr ""
 
 #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para>

-#: freeculture.xml:5006
+#: freeculture.xml:5149

 msgid ""
 "Years later, when he finally got funding to complete the film, Else "
 "attempted to clear the rights for those few seconds of <citetitle>The "
 msgid ""
 "Years later, when he finally got funding to complete the film, Else "
 "attempted to clear the rights for those few seconds of <citetitle>The "


@@ -6804,35 +7354,33 @@ msgid ""
 "applies."
 msgstr ""
 
 "applies."
 msgstr ""
 

-#. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para><indexterm><primary>
-#: freeculture.xml:5018 freeculture.xml:5026
+#. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><indexterm><primary>
+#: freeculture.xml:5155 freeculture.xml:5163

 msgid "Gracie Films"
 msgstr ""
 
 #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para>
 msgid "Gracie Films"
 msgstr ""
 
 #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para>

-#: freeculture.xml:5013
+#: freeculture.xml:5157

 msgid ""
 "Else called <citetitle>Simpsons</citetitle> creator Matt Groening's office "
 "to get permission.  Groening approved the shot. The shot was a "
 "four-and-a-halfsecond image on a tiny television set in the corner of the "
 "room. How could it hurt? Groening was happy to have it in the film, but he "
 msgid ""
 "Else called <citetitle>Simpsons</citetitle> creator Matt Groening's office "
 "to get permission.  Groening approved the shot. The shot was a "
 "four-and-a-halfsecond image on a tiny television set in the corner of the "
 "room. How could it hurt? Groening was happy to have it in the film, but he "

-"told Else to contact Gracie Films, the company that produces the program.  "
-"<placeholder type=\"indexterm\" id=\"0\"/>"
+"told Else to contact Gracie Films, the company that produces the program."

 msgstr ""
 
 #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para>
 msgstr ""
 
 #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para>

-#: freeculture.xml:5021
+#: freeculture.xml:5165

 msgid ""
 "Gracie Films was okay with it, too, but they, like Groening, wanted to be "
 "careful. So they told Else to contact Fox, Gracie's parent company.  Else "
 "called Fox and told them about the clip in the corner of the one room shot "
 "of the film. Matt Groening had already given permission, Else said. He was "
 msgid ""
 "Gracie Films was okay with it, too, but they, like Groening, wanted to be "
 "careful. So they told Else to contact Fox, Gracie's parent company.  Else "
 "called Fox and told them about the clip in the corner of the one room shot "
 "of the film. Matt Groening had already given permission, Else said. He was "

-"just confirming the permission with Fox.  <placeholder type=\"indexterm\" "
-"id=\"0\"/>"
+"just confirming the permission with Fox."

 msgstr ""
 
 #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para>
 msgstr ""
 
 #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para>

-#: freeculture.xml:5029
+#: freeculture.xml:5172

 msgid ""
 "Then, as Else told me, <quote>two things happened. First we discovered "
 "&hellip; that Matt Groening doesn't own his own creation&mdash;or at least "
 msgid ""
 "Then, as Else told me, <quote>two things happened. First we discovered "
 "&hellip; that Matt Groening doesn't own his own creation&mdash;or at least "


@@ -6843,12 +7391,12 @@ msgid ""
 msgstr ""
 
 #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><indexterm><primary>
 msgstr ""
 
 #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><indexterm><primary>

-#: freeculture.xml:5036
+#: freeculture.xml:5179

 msgid "Herrera, Rebecca"
 msgstr ""
 
 #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para>
 msgid "Herrera, Rebecca"
 msgstr ""
 
 #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para>

-#: freeculture.xml:5038
+#: freeculture.xml:5181

 msgid ""
 "Else was certain there was a mistake. He worked his way up to someone he "
 "thought was a vice president for licensing, Rebecca Herrera.  He explained "
 msgid ""
 "Else was certain there was a mistake. He worked his way up to someone he "
 "thought was a vice president for licensing, Rebecca Herrera.  He explained "


@@ -6860,7 +7408,7 @@ msgstr ""
 
 #.  PAGE BREAK 108 
 #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para>
 
 #.  PAGE BREAK 108 
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-#: freeculture.xml:5046
+#: freeculture.xml:5189

 msgid ""
 "<quote>I wanted to make sure I had my facts straight,</quote> he told "
 "me. <quote>Yes, you have your facts straight,</quote> she said. It would "
 msgid ""
 "<quote>I wanted to make sure I had my facts straight,</quote> he told "
 "me. <quote>Yes, you have your facts straight,</quote> she said. It would "


@@ -6871,25 +7419,24 @@ msgid ""
 "on, <quote>They don't give a shit. They just want the money.</quote>"
 msgstr ""
 
 "on, <quote>They don't give a shit. They just want the money.</quote>"
 msgstr ""
 

-#. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para><indexterm><primary>
-#: freeculture.xml:5065
+#. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><indexterm><primary>
+#: freeculture.xml:5201

 msgid "Day After Trinity, The"
 msgstr ""
 
 #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para>
 msgid "Day After Trinity, The"
 msgstr ""
 
 #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para>

-#: freeculture.xml:5058
+#: freeculture.xml:5203

 msgid ""
 "Else didn't have the money to buy the right to replay what was playing on "
 "the television backstage at the San Francisco Opera. To reproduce this "
 "reality was beyond the documentary filmmaker's budget. At the very last "
 "minute before the film was to be released, Else digitally replaced the shot "
 "with a clip from another film that he had worked on, <citetitle>The Day "
 msgid ""
 "Else didn't have the money to buy the right to replay what was playing on "
 "the television backstage at the San Francisco Opera. To reproduce this "
 "reality was beyond the documentary filmmaker's budget. At the very last "
 "minute before the film was to be released, Else digitally replaced the shot "
 "with a clip from another film that he had worked on, <citetitle>The Day "

-"After Trinity</citetitle>, from ten years before.  <placeholder "
-"type=\"indexterm\" id=\"0\"/> <placeholder type=\"indexterm\" id=\"1\"/>"
+"After Trinity</citetitle>, from ten years before."

 msgstr ""
 
 #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para>
 msgstr ""
 
 #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para>

-#: freeculture.xml:5068
+#: freeculture.xml:5211

 msgid ""
 "There's no doubt that someone, whether Matt Groening or Fox, owns the "
 "copyright to <citetitle>The Simpsons</citetitle>. That copyright is their "
 msgid ""
 "There's no doubt that someone, whether Matt Groening or Fox, owns the "
 "copyright to <citetitle>The Simpsons</citetitle>. That copyright is their "


@@ -6903,7 +7450,7 @@ msgid ""
 msgstr ""
 
 #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para>
 msgstr ""
 
 #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para>

-#: freeculture.xml:5079
+#: freeculture.xml:5222

 msgid ""
 "For example, <quote>public performance</quote> is a use of <citetitle>The "
 "Simpsons</citetitle> that the copyright owner gets to control. If you take a "
 msgid ""
 "For example, <quote>public performance</quote> is a use of <citetitle>The "
 "Simpsons</citetitle> that the copyright owner gets to control. If you take a "


@@ -6916,7 +7463,7 @@ msgstr ""
 
 #.  f1 
 #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para><footnote><para>
 
 #.  f1 
 #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para><footnote><para>

-#: freeculture.xml:5091
+#: freeculture.xml:5234

 msgid ""
 "For an excellent argument that such use is <quote>fair use,</quote> but that "
 "lawyers don't permit recognition that it is <quote>fair use,</quote> see "
 msgid ""
 "For an excellent argument that such use is <quote>fair use,</quote> but that "
 "lawyers don't permit recognition that it is <quote>fair use,</quote> see "


@@ -6926,7 +7473,7 @@ msgid ""
 msgstr ""
 
 #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para>
 msgstr ""
 
 #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para>

-#: freeculture.xml:5088
+#: freeculture.xml:5231

 msgid ""
 "But when lawyers hear this story about Jon Else and Fox, their first thought "
 "is <quote>fair use.</quote><placeholder type=\"footnote\" id=\"0\"/> Else's "
 msgid ""
 "But when lawyers hear this story about Jon Else and Fox, their first thought "
 "is <quote>fair use.</quote><placeholder type=\"footnote\" id=\"0\"/> Else's "


@@ -6938,14 +7485,14 @@ msgstr ""
 
 #.  PAGE BREAK 109 
 #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para>
 
 #.  PAGE BREAK 109 
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-#: freeculture.xml:5103
+#: freeculture.xml:5246

 msgid ""
 "So I asked Else why he didn't just rely upon <quote>fair use.</quote> Here's "
 "his reply:"
 msgstr ""
 
 #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><blockquote><para>
 msgid ""
 "So I asked Else why he didn't just rely upon <quote>fair use.</quote> Here's "
 "his reply:"
 msgstr ""
 
 #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><blockquote><para>

-#: freeculture.xml:5107
+#: freeculture.xml:5250

 msgid ""
 "The <citetitle>Simpsons</citetitle> fiasco was for me a great lesson in the "
 "gulf between what lawyers find irrelevant in some abstract sense, and what "
 msgid ""
 "The <citetitle>Simpsons</citetitle> fiasco was for me a great lesson in the "
 "gulf between what lawyers find irrelevant in some abstract sense, and what "


@@ -6957,7 +7504,7 @@ msgstr ""
 
 #.  1. 
 #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><blockquote><orderedlist><listitem><para>
 
 #.  1. 
 #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><blockquote><orderedlist><listitem><para>

-#: freeculture.xml:5117
+#: freeculture.xml:5260

 msgid ""
 "Before our films can be broadcast, the network requires that we buy Errors "
 "and Omissions insurance. The carriers require a detailed <quote>visual cue "
 msgid ""
 "Before our films can be broadcast, the network requires that we buy Errors "
 "and Omissions insurance. The carriers require a detailed <quote>visual cue "


@@ -6967,17 +7514,18 @@ msgid ""
 msgstr ""
 
 #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><blockquote><orderedlist><listitem><indexterm><primary>
 msgstr ""
 
 #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><blockquote><orderedlist><listitem><indexterm><primary>

-#: freeculture.xml:5124
+#: freeculture.xml:5267

 msgid "<citetitle>Star Wars</citetitle>"
 msgstr ""
 
 msgid "<citetitle>Star Wars</citetitle>"
 msgstr ""
 

-#. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><blockquote><orderedlist><listitem><para><indexterm><primary>
-#: freeculture.xml:5136
+#. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><blockquote><orderedlist><listitem><indexterm><primary>
+#: freeculture.xml:5268

 msgid "Lucas, George"
 msgstr ""
 
 msgid "Lucas, George"
 msgstr ""
 

+#.  2. 

 #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><blockquote><orderedlist><listitem><para>
 #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><blockquote><orderedlist><listitem><para>

-#: freeculture.xml:5127
+#: freeculture.xml:5271

 msgid ""
 "I probably never should have asked Matt Groening in the first place. But I "
 "knew (at least from folklore) that Fox had a history of tracking down and "
 msgid ""
 "I probably never should have asked Matt Groening in the first place. But I "
 "knew (at least from folklore) that Fox had a history of tracking down and "


@@ -6987,13 +7535,13 @@ msgid ""
 "free or cheap license to four seconds of <citetitle>Simpsons</citetitle>. As "
 "a documentary producer working to exhaustion on a shoestring, the last thing "
 "I wanted was to risk legal trouble, even nuisance legal trouble, and even to "
 "free or cheap license to four seconds of <citetitle>Simpsons</citetitle>. As "
 "a documentary producer working to exhaustion on a shoestring, the last thing "
 "I wanted was to risk legal trouble, even nuisance legal trouble, and even to "

-"defend a principle.  <placeholder type=\"indexterm\" id=\"0\"/>"
+"defend a principle."

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 #.  3. 
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 #.  3. 
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-#: freeculture.xml:5140
+#: freeculture.xml:5283

 msgid ""
 "I did, in fact, speak with one of your colleagues at Stanford Law School "
 "&hellip; who confirmed that it was fair use. He also confirmed that Fox "
 msgid ""
 "I did, in fact, speak with one of your colleagues at Stanford Law School "
 "&hellip; who confirmed that it was fair use. He also confirmed that Fox "


@@ -7004,14 +7552,14 @@ msgstr ""
 
 #.  4. 
 #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><blockquote><orderedlist><listitem><para>
 
 #.  4. 
 #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><blockquote><orderedlist><listitem><para>

-#: freeculture.xml:5150
+#: freeculture.xml:5293

 msgid ""
 "The question of fair use usually comes up at the end of the project, when we "
 "are up against a release deadline and out of money."
 msgstr ""
 
 #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para>
 msgid ""
 "The question of fair use usually comes up at the end of the project, when we "
 "are up against a release deadline and out of money."
 msgstr ""
 
 #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para>

-#: freeculture.xml:5157
+#: freeculture.xml:5300

 msgid ""
 "In theory, fair use means you need no permission. The theory therefore "
 "supports free culture and insulates against a permission culture.  But in "
 msgid ""
 "In theory, fair use means you need no permission. The theory therefore "
 "supports free culture and insulates against a permission culture.  But in "


@@ -7022,7 +7570,7 @@ msgid ""
 msgstr ""
 
 #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para>
 msgstr ""
 
 #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para>

-#: freeculture.xml:5165
+#: freeculture.xml:5308

 msgid ""
 "This practice shows just how far the law has come from its "
 "eighteenth-century roots. The law was born as a shield to protect "
 msgid ""
 "This practice shows just how far the law has come from its "
 "eighteenth-century roots. The law was born as a shield to protect "


@@ -7031,37 +7579,42 @@ msgid ""
 msgstr ""
 
 #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><title>
 msgstr ""
 
 #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><title>

-#: freeculture.xml:5174
+#: freeculture.xml:5317

 msgid "CHAPTER EIGHT: Transformers"
 msgstr ""
 
 #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><indexterm><primary>
 msgid "CHAPTER EIGHT: Transformers"
 msgstr ""
 
 #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><indexterm><primary>

-#: freeculture.xml:5175
+#: freeculture.xml:5318

 msgid "Allen, Paul"
 msgstr ""
 
 #. type: Content of: <book><chapter><section><section><indexterm><primary>
 msgid "Allen, Paul"
 msgstr ""
 
 #. type: Content of: <book><chapter><section><section><indexterm><primary>

-#: freeculture.xml:5177 freeculture.xml:5242 freeculture.xml:5426 freeculture.xml:9871 freeculture.xml:14148
+#: freeculture.xml:5319 freeculture.xml:5379 freeculture.xml:5564 freeculture.xml:10010 freeculture.xml:14313

 msgid "Alben, Alex"
 msgstr ""
 
 #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para>
 msgid "Alben, Alex"
 msgstr ""
 
 #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para>

-#: freeculture.xml:5181
+#: freeculture.xml:5322

 msgid ""
 msgid ""

-"In 1993, Alex Alben was a lawyer working at Starwave, Inc.  Starwave was an "
-"innovative company founded by Microsoft cofounder Paul Allen to develop "
-"digital entertainment. Long before the Internet became popular, Starwave "
-"began investing in new technology for delivering entertainment in "
-"anticipation of the power of networks."
+"<emphasis role='strong'>In 1993</emphasis>, Alex Alben was a lawyer working "
+"at Starwave, Inc.  Starwave was an innovative company founded by Microsoft "
+"cofounder Paul Allen to develop digital entertainment. Long before the "
+"Internet became popular, Starwave began investing in new technology for "
+"delivering entertainment in anticipation of the power of networks."

 msgstr ""
 
 #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><indexterm><secondary>
 msgstr ""
 
 #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><indexterm><secondary>

-#: freeculture.xml:5189
+#: freeculture.xml:5329

 msgid "retrospective compilations on"
 msgstr ""
 
 msgid "retrospective compilations on"
 msgstr ""
 

+#. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><indexterm><primary>
+#: freeculture.xml:5330
+msgid "CD-ROMs, film clips used in"
+msgstr ""
+

 #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para>
 #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para>

-#: freeculture.xml:5192
+#: freeculture.xml:5332

 msgid ""
 "Alben had a special interest in new technology. He was intrigued by the "
 "emerging market for CD-ROM technology&mdash;not to distribute film, but to "
 msgid ""
 "Alben had a special interest in new technology. He was intrigued by the "
 "emerging market for CD-ROM technology&mdash;not to distribute film, but to "


@@ -7073,7 +7626,7 @@ msgid ""
 msgstr ""
 
 #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para>
 msgstr ""
 
 #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para>

-#: freeculture.xml:5202
+#: freeculture.xml:5342

 msgid ""
 "At that time, Eastwood had made more than fifty films, as an actor and as a "
 "director. Alben began with a series of interviews with Eastwood, asking him "
 msgid ""
 "At that time, Eastwood had made more than fifty films, as an actor and as a "
 "director. Alben began with a series of interviews with Eastwood, asking him "


@@ -7083,7 +7636,7 @@ msgstr ""
 
 #.  PAGE BREAK 112 
 #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para>
 
 #.  PAGE BREAK 112 
 #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para>

-#: freeculture.xml:5209
+#: freeculture.xml:5349

 msgid ""
 "That alone would not have made a very interesting product, so Starwave "
 "wanted to add content from the movies in Eastwood's career: posters, "
 msgid ""
 "That alone would not have made a very interesting product, so Starwave "
 "wanted to add content from the movies in Eastwood's career: posters, "


@@ -7093,7 +7646,7 @@ msgid ""
 msgstr ""
 
 #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para>
 msgstr ""
 
 #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para>

-#: freeculture.xml:5216
+#: freeculture.xml:5356

 msgid ""
 "Then Alben and his team decided to include actual film clips. <quote>Our "
 "goal was that we were going to have a clip from every one of Eastwood's "
 msgid ""
 "Then Alben and his team decided to include actual film clips. <quote>Our "
 "goal was that we were going to have a clip from every one of Eastwood's "


@@ -7104,19 +7657,19 @@ msgid ""
 msgstr ""
 
 #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para>
 msgstr ""
 
 #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para>

-#: freeculture.xml:5224
+#: freeculture.xml:5364

 msgid ""
 "Alben brought the idea to Michael Slade, the CEO of Starwave.  Slade asked, "
 "<quote>Well, what will it take?</quote>"
 msgstr ""
 
 #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para><footnote><para><indexterm><secondary>
 msgid ""
 "Alben brought the idea to Michael Slade, the CEO of Starwave.  Slade asked, "
 "<quote>Well, what will it take?</quote>"
 msgstr ""
 
 #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para><footnote><para><indexterm><secondary>

-#: freeculture.xml:5240
+#: freeculture.xml:5378

 msgid "publicity rights on images of"
 msgstr ""
 
 #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para><footnote><para>
 msgid "publicity rights on images of"
 msgstr ""
 
 #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para><footnote><para>

-#: freeculture.xml:5234
+#: freeculture.xml:5374

 msgid ""
 "Technically, the rights that Alben had to clear were mainly those of "
 "publicity&mdash;rights an artist has to control the commercial exploitation "
 msgid ""
 "Technically, the rights that Alben had to clear were mainly those of "
 "publicity&mdash;rights an artist has to control the commercial exploitation "


@@ -7126,7 +7679,7 @@ msgid ""
 msgstr ""
 
 #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para>
 msgstr ""
 
 #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para>

-#: freeculture.xml:5228
+#: freeculture.xml:5368

 msgid ""
 "Alben replied, <quote>Well, we're going to have to clear rights from "
 "everyone who appears in these films, and the music and everything else that "
 msgid ""
 "Alben replied, <quote>Well, we're going to have to clear rights from "
 "everyone who appears in these films, and the music and everything else that "


@@ -7135,7 +7688,7 @@ msgid ""
 msgstr ""
 
 #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para>
 msgstr ""
 
 #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para>

-#: freeculture.xml:5246
+#: freeculture.xml:5383

 msgid ""
 "The problem was that neither Alben nor Slade had any idea what clearing "
 "those rights would mean. Every actor in each of the films could have a claim "
 msgid ""
 "The problem was that neither Alben nor Slade had any idea what clearing "
 "those rights would mean. Every actor in each of the films could have a claim "


@@ -7145,7 +7698,7 @@ msgid ""
 msgstr ""
 
 #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para>
 msgstr ""
 
 #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para>

-#: freeculture.xml:5253
+#: freeculture.xml:5390

 msgid ""
 "I asked Alben how he dealt with the problem. With an obvious pride in his "
 "resourcefulness that obscured the obvious bizarreness of his tale, Alben "
 msgid ""
 "I asked Alben how he dealt with the problem. With an obvious pride in his "
 "resourcefulness that obscured the obvious bizarreness of his tale, Alben "


@@ -7153,7 +7706,7 @@ msgid ""
 msgstr ""
 
 #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><blockquote><para>
 msgstr ""
 
 #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><blockquote><para>

-#: freeculture.xml:5259
+#: freeculture.xml:5396

 msgid ""
 "So we very mechanically went about looking up the film clips.  We made some "
 "artistic decisions about what film clips to include&mdash;of course we were "
 msgid ""
 "So we very mechanically went about looking up the film clips.  We made some "
 "artistic decisions about what film clips to include&mdash;of course we were "


@@ -7165,7 +7718,7 @@ msgstr ""
 
 #.  PAGE BREAK 113 
 #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><blockquote><para>
 
 #.  PAGE BREAK 113 
 #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><blockquote><para>

-#: freeculture.xml:5268
+#: freeculture.xml:5405

 msgid ""
 "We decided that it would be fair if we offered them the dayplayer rate for "
 "the right to reuse that performance. We're talking about a clip of less than "
 msgid ""
 "We decided that it would be fair if we offered them the dayplayer rate for "
 "the right to reuse that performance. We're talking about a clip of less than "


@@ -7178,12 +7731,12 @@ msgid ""
 msgstr ""
 
 #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><indexterm><primary>
 msgstr ""
 
 #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><indexterm><primary>

-#: freeculture.xml:5279
+#: freeculture.xml:5416

 msgid "Sutherland, Donald"
 msgstr ""
 
 #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para>
 msgid "Sutherland, Donald"
 msgstr ""
 
 #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para>

-#: freeculture.xml:5281
+#: freeculture.xml:5418

 msgid ""
 "Some actors were glad to help&mdash;Donald Sutherland, for example, followed "
 "up himself to be sure that the rights had been cleared.  Others were "
 msgid ""
 "Some actors were glad to help&mdash;Donald Sutherland, for example, followed "
 "up himself to be sure that the rights had been cleared.  Others were "


@@ -7196,14 +7749,14 @@ msgid ""
 msgstr ""
 
 #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para>
 msgstr ""
 
 #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para>

-#: freeculture.xml:5292
+#: freeculture.xml:5429

 msgid ""
 "It was one <emphasis>year</emphasis> later&mdash;<quote>and even then we "
 "weren't sure whether we were totally in the clear.</quote>"
 msgstr ""
 
 #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para>
 msgid ""
 "It was one <emphasis>year</emphasis> later&mdash;<quote>and even then we "
 "weren't sure whether we were totally in the clear.</quote>"
 msgstr ""
 
 #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para>

-#: freeculture.xml:5296
+#: freeculture.xml:5433

 msgid ""
 "Alben is proud of his work. The project was the first of its kind and the "
 "only time he knew of that a team had undertaken such a massive project for "
 msgid ""
 "Alben is proud of his work. The project was the first of its kind and the "
 "only time he knew of that a team had undertaken such a massive project for "


@@ -7211,7 +7764,7 @@ msgid ""
 msgstr ""
 
 #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><blockquote><para>
 msgstr ""
 
 #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><blockquote><para>

-#: freeculture.xml:5302
+#: freeculture.xml:5439

 msgid ""
 "Everyone thought it would be too hard. Everyone just threw up their hands "
 "and said, <quote>Oh, my gosh, a film, it's so many copyrights, there's the "
 msgid ""
 "Everyone thought it would be too hard. Everyone just threw up their hands "
 "and said, <quote>Oh, my gosh, a film, it's so many copyrights, there's the "


@@ -7224,20 +7777,20 @@ msgstr ""
 
 #.  PAGE BREAK 114 
 #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para>
 
 #.  PAGE BREAK 114 
 #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para>

-#: freeculture.xml:5314
+#: freeculture.xml:5451

 msgid ""
 "And no doubt, the product itself was exceptionally good. Eastwood loved it, "
 "and it sold very well."
 msgstr ""
 
 #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><indexterm><primary>
 msgid ""
 "And no doubt, the product itself was exceptionally good. Eastwood loved it, "
 "and it sold very well."
 msgstr ""
 
 #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><indexterm><primary>

-#: freeculture.xml:5317
+#: freeculture.xml:5454

 msgid "Drucker, Peter"
 msgstr ""
 
 #.  f2 
 #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para><footnote><para>
 msgid "Drucker, Peter"
 msgstr ""
 
 #.  f2 
 #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para><footnote><para>

-#: freeculture.xml:5325
+#: freeculture.xml:5462

 msgid ""
 "U.S. Department of Commerce Office of Acquisition Management, "
 "<citetitle>Seven Steps to Performance-Based Services "
 msgid ""
 "U.S. Department of Commerce Office of Acquisition Management, "
 "<citetitle>Seven Steps to Performance-Based Services "


@@ -7246,7 +7799,7 @@ msgid ""
 msgstr ""
 
 #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para>
 msgstr ""
 
 #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para>

-#: freeculture.xml:5319
+#: freeculture.xml:5456

 msgid ""
 "But I pressed Alben about how weird it seems that it would have to take a "
 "year's work simply to clear rights. No doubt Alben had done this "
 msgid ""
 "But I pressed Alben about how weird it seems that it would have to take a "
 "year's work simply to clear rights. No doubt Alben had done this "


@@ -7257,7 +7810,7 @@ msgid ""
 msgstr ""
 
 #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para>
 msgstr ""
 
 #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para>

-#: freeculture.xml:5333
+#: freeculture.xml:5470

 msgid ""
 "For, as he acknowledged, <quote>very few &hellip; have the time and "
 "resources, and the will to do this,</quote> and thus, very few such works "
 msgid ""
 "For, as he acknowledged, <quote>very few &hellip; have the time and "
 "resources, and the will to do this,</quote> and thus, very few such works "


@@ -7267,7 +7820,7 @@ msgid ""
 msgstr ""
 
 #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><blockquote><para>
 msgstr ""
 
 #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><blockquote><para>

-#: freeculture.xml:5341
+#: freeculture.xml:5478

 msgid ""
 "I don't think so. When an actor renders a performance in a movie, he or she "
 "gets paid very well. &hellip; And then when 30 seconds of that performance "
 msgid ""
 "I don't think so. When an actor renders a performance in a movie, he or she "
 "gets paid very well. &hellip; And then when 30 seconds of that performance "


@@ -7276,7 +7829,7 @@ msgid ""
 msgstr ""
 
 #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para>
 msgstr ""
 
 #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para>

-#: freeculture.xml:5349
+#: freeculture.xml:5486

 msgid ""
 "Or at least, is this <emphasis>how</emphasis> the artist should be "
 "compensated? Would it make sense, I asked, for there to be some kind of "
 msgid ""
 "Or at least, is this <emphasis>how</emphasis> the artist should be "
 "compensated? Would it make sense, I asked, for there to be some kind of "


@@ -7289,7 +7842,7 @@ msgstr ""
 
 #.  PAGE BREAK 115 
 #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><blockquote><para>
 
 #.  PAGE BREAK 115 
 #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><blockquote><para>

-#: freeculture.xml:5360
+#: freeculture.xml:5497

 msgid ""
 "Absolutely. I think that if there were some fair-licensing "
 "mechanism&mdash;where you weren't subject to hold-ups and you weren't "
 msgid ""
 "Absolutely. I think that if there were some fair-licensing "
 "mechanism&mdash;where you weren't subject to hold-ups and you weren't "


@@ -7310,7 +7863,7 @@ msgid ""
 msgstr ""
 
 #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para>
 msgstr ""
 
 #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para>

-#: freeculture.xml:5380
+#: freeculture.xml:5517

 msgid ""
 "Alben worked for a big company. His company was backed by some of the "
 "richest investors in the world. He therefore had authority and access that "
 msgid ""
 "Alben worked for a big company. His company was backed by some of the "
 "richest investors in the world. He therefore had authority and access that "


@@ -7320,7 +7873,7 @@ msgid ""
 msgstr ""
 
 #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para>
 msgstr ""
 
 #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para>

-#: freeculture.xml:5388
+#: freeculture.xml:5526

 msgid ""
 "These costs are the burdens of a kind of regulation. Put on a Republican hat "
 "for a moment, and get angry for a bit. The government defines the scope of "
 msgid ""
 "These costs are the burdens of a kind of regulation. Put on a Republican hat "
 "for a moment, and get angry for a bit. The government defines the scope of "


@@ -7335,7 +7888,7 @@ msgstr ""
 
 #.  PAGE BREAK 116 
 #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para>
 
 #.  PAGE BREAK 116 
 #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para>

-#: freeculture.xml:5401
+#: freeculture.xml:5539

 msgid ""
 "I've seen the flash of recognition when people get this point, but only a "
 "few times. The first was at a conference of federal judges in California.  "
 msgid ""
 "I've seen the flash of recognition when people get this point, but only a "
 "few times. The first was at a conference of federal judges in California.  "


@@ -7346,7 +7899,7 @@ msgid ""
 msgstr ""
 
 #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para>
 msgstr ""
 
 #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para>

-#: freeculture.xml:5411
+#: freeculture.xml:5549

 msgid ""
 "The video was a brilliant collage of film from every period in the twentieth "
 "century, all framed around the idea of a <citetitle>60 Minutes</citetitle> "
 msgid ""
 "The video was a brilliant collage of film from every period in the twentieth "
 "century, all framed around the idea of a <citetitle>60 Minutes</citetitle> "


@@ -7355,12 +7908,12 @@ msgid ""
 msgstr ""
 
 #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><indexterm><primary>
 msgstr ""
 
 #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><indexterm><primary>

-#: freeculture.xml:5416
+#: freeculture.xml:5554

 msgid "Nimmer, David"
 msgstr ""
 
 #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para>
 msgid "Nimmer, David"
 msgstr ""
 
 #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para>

-#: freeculture.xml:5418
+#: freeculture.xml:5556

 msgid ""
 "When the lights came up, I looked over to my copanelist, David Nimmer, "
 "perhaps the leading copyright scholar and practitioner in the nation. He had "
 msgid ""
 "When the lights came up, I looked over to my copanelist, David Nimmer, "
 "perhaps the leading copyright scholar and practitioner in the nation. He had "


@@ -7371,12 +7924,12 @@ msgid ""
 msgstr ""
 
 #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><indexterm><primary>
 msgstr ""
 
 #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><indexterm><primary>

-#: freeculture.xml:5425
+#: freeculture.xml:5563

 msgid "Boies, David"
 msgstr ""
 
 #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para>
 msgid "Boies, David"
 msgstr ""
 
 #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para>

-#: freeculture.xml:5428
+#: freeculture.xml:5566

 msgid ""
 "For of course, the two brilliantly talented creators who made this film "
 "hadn't done what Alben did. They hadn't spent a year clearing the rights to "
 msgid ""
 "For of course, the two brilliantly talented creators who made this film "
 "hadn't done what Alben did. They hadn't spent a year clearing the rights to "


@@ -7393,7 +7946,7 @@ msgid ""
 msgstr ""
 
 #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para>
 msgstr ""
 
 #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para>

-#: freeculture.xml:5443
+#: freeculture.xml:5581

 msgid ""
 "We live in a <quote>cut and paste</quote> culture enabled by "
 "technology. Anyone building a presentation knows the extraordinary freedom "
 msgid ""
 "We live in a <quote>cut and paste</quote> culture enabled by "
 "technology. Anyone building a presentation knows the extraordinary freedom "


@@ -7403,13 +7956,13 @@ msgid ""
 msgstr ""
 
 #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><indexterm><primary>
 msgstr ""
 
 #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><indexterm><primary>

-#: freeculture.xml:5449
+#: freeculture.xml:5587

 msgid "Camp Chaos"
 msgstr ""
 
 #.  PAGE BREAK 117 
 #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para>
 msgid "Camp Chaos"
 msgstr ""
 
 #.  PAGE BREAK 117 
 #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para>

-#: freeculture.xml:5451
+#: freeculture.xml:5589

 msgid ""
 "But presentations are just a tiny beginning. Using the Internet and its "
 "archives, musicians are able to string together mixes of sound never before "
 msgid ""
 "But presentations are just a tiny beginning. Using the Internet and its "
 "archives, musicians are able to string together mixes of sound never before "


@@ -7422,7 +7975,7 @@ msgid ""
 msgstr ""
 
 #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para>
 msgstr ""
 
 #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para>

-#: freeculture.xml:5462
+#: freeculture.xml:5600

 msgid ""
 "All of these creations are technically illegal. Even if the creators wanted "
 "to be <quote>legal,</quote> the cost of complying with the law is impossibly "
 msgid ""
 "All of these creations are technically illegal. Even if the creators wanted "
 "to be <quote>legal,</quote> the cost of complying with the law is impossibly "


@@ -7432,7 +7985,7 @@ msgid ""
 msgstr ""
 
 #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para>
 msgstr ""
 
 #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para>

-#: freeculture.xml:5469
+#: freeculture.xml:5607

 msgid ""
 "To some, these stories suggest a solution: Let's alter the mix of rights so "
 "that people are free to build upon our culture. Free to add or mix as they "
 msgid ""
 "To some, these stories suggest a solution: Let's alter the mix of rights so "
 "that people are free to build upon our culture. Free to add or mix as they "


@@ -7449,7 +8002,7 @@ msgid ""
 msgstr ""
 
 #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para>
 msgstr ""
 
 #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para>

-#: freeculture.xml:5484
+#: freeculture.xml:5622

 msgid ""
 "Who could possibly object to this? And what reason would there be for "
 "objecting? We're talking about work that is not now being made; which if "
 msgid ""
 "Who could possibly object to this? And what reason would there be for "
 "objecting? We're talking about work that is not now being made; which if "


@@ -7459,20 +8012,21 @@ msgstr ""
 
 #.  PAGE BREAK 118 
 #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para>
 
 #.  PAGE BREAK 118 
 #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para>

-#: freeculture.xml:5490
+#: freeculture.xml:5628

 msgid ""
 msgid ""

-"In February 2003, DreamWorks studios announced an agreement with Mike Myers, "
-"the comic genius of <citetitle>Saturday Night Live</citetitle> and Austin "
-"Powers. According to the announcement, Myers and Dream-Works would work "
-"together to form a <quote>unique filmmaking pact.</quote> Under the "
-"agreement, DreamWorks <quote>will acquire the rights to existing motion "
-"picture hits and classics, write new storylines and&mdash;with the use of "
-"stateof-the-art digital technology&mdash;insert Myers and other actors into "
-"the film, thereby creating an entirely new piece of entertainment.</quote>"
+"<emphasis role='strong'>In February 2003</emphasis>, DreamWorks studios "
+"announced an agreement with Mike Myers, the comic genius of "
+"<citetitle>Saturday Night Live</citetitle> and Austin Powers. According to "
+"the announcement, Myers and Dream-Works would work together to form a "
+"<quote>unique filmmaking pact.</quote> Under the agreement, DreamWorks "
+"<quote>will acquire the rights to existing motion picture hits and classics, "
+"write new storylines and&mdash;with the use of stateof-the-art digital "
+"technology&mdash;insert Myers and other actors into the film, thereby "
+"creating an entirely new piece of entertainment.</quote>"

 msgstr ""
 
 #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para>
 msgstr ""
 
 #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para>

-#: freeculture.xml:5502
+#: freeculture.xml:5641

 msgid ""
 "The announcement called this <quote>film sampling.</quote> As Myers "
 "explained, <quote>Film Sampling is an exciting way to put an original spin "
 msgid ""
 "The announcement called this <quote>film sampling.</quote> As Myers "
 "explained, <quote>Film Sampling is an exciting way to put an original spin "


@@ -7484,7 +8038,7 @@ msgid ""
 msgstr ""
 
 #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para>
 msgstr ""
 
 #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para>

-#: freeculture.xml:5511
+#: freeculture.xml:5650

 msgid ""
 "Spielberg is right. Film sampling by Myers will be brilliant. But if you "
 "don't think about it, you might miss the truly astonishing point about this "
 msgid ""
 "Spielberg is right. Film sampling by Myers will be brilliant. But if you "
 "don't think about it, you might miss the truly astonishing point about this "


@@ -7497,7 +8051,7 @@ msgid ""
 msgstr ""
 
 #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para>
 msgstr ""
 
 #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para>

-#: freeculture.xml:5521
+#: freeculture.xml:5660

 msgid ""
 "This privilege becomes reserved for two sorts of reasons. The first "
 "continues the story of the last chapter: the vagueness of <quote>fair "
 msgid ""
 "This privilege becomes reserved for two sorts of reasons. The first "
 "continues the story of the last chapter: the vagueness of <quote>fair "


@@ -7513,29 +8067,40 @@ msgid ""
 msgstr ""
 
 #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><title>
 msgstr ""
 
 #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><title>

-#: freeculture.xml:5536
+#: freeculture.xml:5675

 msgid "CHAPTER NINE: Collectors"
 msgstr ""
 
 #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><indexterm><primary>
 msgid "CHAPTER NINE: Collectors"
 msgstr ""
 
 #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><indexterm><primary>

-#: freeculture.xml:5538 freeculture.xml:8669 freeculture.xml:10889 freeculture.xml:11139
+#: freeculture.xml:5676 freeculture.xml:8808 freeculture.xml:11028 freeculture.xml:11273

 msgid "archives, digital"
 msgstr ""
 
 msgid "archives, digital"
 msgstr ""
 

+#. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><section><indexterm><primary>
+#: freeculture.xml:5677 freeculture.xml:8107
+msgid "bots"
+msgstr ""
+

 #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para>
 #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para>

-#: freeculture.xml:5541
+#: freeculture.xml:5679

 msgid ""
 msgid ""

-"In April 1996, millions of <quote>bots</quote>&mdash;computer codes designed "
-"to <quote>spider,</quote> or automatically search the Internet and copy "
-"content&mdash;began running across the Net. Page by page, these bots copied "
-"Internet-based information onto a small set of computers located in a "
-"basement in San Francisco's Presidio. Once the bots finished the whole of "
-"the Internet, they started again. Over and over again, once every two "
-"months, these bits of code took copies of the Internet and stored them."
+"<emphasis role='strong'>In April 1996</emphasis>, millions of "
+"<quote>bots</quote>&mdash;computer codes designed to <quote>spider,</quote> "
+"or automatically search the Internet and copy content&mdash;began running "
+"across the Net. Page by page, these bots copied Internet-based information "
+"onto a small set of computers located in a basement in San Francisco's "
+"Presidio. Once the bots finished the whole of the Internet, they started "
+"again. Over and over again, once every two months, these bits of code took "
+"copies of the Internet and stored them."
+msgstr ""
+
+#. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><indexterm><primary>
+#: freeculture.xml:5689 freeculture.xml:5720 freeculture.xml:5782
+msgid "Way Back Machine"

 msgstr ""
 
 #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para>
 msgstr ""
 
 #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para>

-#: freeculture.xml:5550
+#: freeculture.xml:5691

 msgid ""
 "By October 2001, the bots had collected more than five years of copies. And "
 "at a small announcement in Berkeley, California, the archive that these "
 msgid ""
 "By October 2001, the bots had collected more than five years of copies. And "
 "at a small announcement in Berkeley, California, the archive that these "


@@ -7546,12 +8111,12 @@ msgid ""
 msgstr ""
 
 #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><indexterm><primary>
 msgstr ""
 
 #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><indexterm><primary>

-#: freeculture.xml:5558
+#: freeculture.xml:5698

 msgid "Orwell, George"
 msgstr ""
 
 #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para>
 msgid "Orwell, George"
 msgstr ""
 
 #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para>

-#: freeculture.xml:5561
+#: freeculture.xml:5700

 msgid ""
 "This is the thing about the Internet that Orwell would have appreciated.  In "
 "the dystopia described in <citetitle>1984</citetitle>, old newspapers were "
 msgid ""
 "This is the thing about the Internet that Orwell would have appreciated.  In "
 "the dystopia described in <citetitle>1984</citetitle>, old newspapers were "


@@ -7561,7 +8126,7 @@ msgstr ""
 
 #.  PAGE BREAK 120 
 #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para>
 
 #.  PAGE BREAK 120 
 #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para>

-#: freeculture.xml:5569
+#: freeculture.xml:5708

 msgid ""
 "Thousands of workers constantly reedited the past, meaning there was no way "
 "ever to know whether the story you were reading today was the story that was "
 msgid ""
 "Thousands of workers constantly reedited the past, meaning there was no way "
 "ever to know whether the story you were reading today was the story that was "


@@ -7569,7 +8134,7 @@ msgid ""
 msgstr ""
 
 #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para>
 msgstr ""
 
 #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para>

-#: freeculture.xml:5574
+#: freeculture.xml:5713

 msgid ""
 "It's the same with the Internet. If you go to a Web page today, there's no "
 "way for you to know whether the content you are reading is the same as the "
 msgid ""
 "It's the same with the Internet. If you go to a Web page today, there's no "
 "way for you to know whether the content you are reading is the same as the "


@@ -7579,12 +8144,12 @@ msgid ""
 msgstr ""
 
 #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para><footnote><para><indexterm><primary>
 msgstr ""
 
 #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para><footnote><para><indexterm><primary>

-#: freeculture.xml:5589
+#: freeculture.xml:5729

 msgid "White House press releases"
 msgstr ""
 
 #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para><footnote><para>
 msgid "White House press releases"
 msgstr ""
 
 #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para><footnote><para>

-#: freeculture.xml:5588
+#: freeculture.xml:5728

 msgid ""
 "<placeholder type=\"indexterm\" id=\"0\"/> <placeholder type=\"indexterm\" "
 "id=\"1\"/> The temptations remain, however. Brewster Kahle reports that the "
 msgid ""
 "<placeholder type=\"indexterm\" id=\"0\"/> <placeholder type=\"indexterm\" "
 "id=\"1\"/> The temptations remain, however. Brewster Kahle reports that the "


@@ -7595,7 +8160,7 @@ msgid ""
 msgstr ""
 
 #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para>
 msgstr ""
 
 #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para>

-#: freeculture.xml:5582
+#: freeculture.xml:5722

 msgid ""
 "Until the Way Back Machine, at least. With the Way Back Machine, and the "
 "Internet Archive underlying it, you can see what the Internet was. You have "
 msgid ""
 "Until the Way Back Machine, at least. With the Way Back Machine, and the "
 "Internet Archive underlying it, you can see what the Internet was. You have "


@@ -7605,14 +8170,14 @@ msgid ""
 msgstr ""
 
 #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><indexterm><primary>
 msgstr ""
 
 #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><indexterm><primary>

-#: freeculture.xml:5597
+#: freeculture.xml:5737

 msgid "history, records of"
 msgstr ""
 
 #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para>
 msgid "history, records of"
 msgstr ""
 
 #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para>

-#: freeculture.xml:5599
+#: freeculture.xml:5739

 msgid ""
 msgid ""

-"<emphasis role=\"strong\">We take it</emphasis> for granted that we can go "
+"<emphasis role='strong'>We take it</emphasis> for granted that we can go "

 "back to see what we remember reading. Think about newspapers. If you wanted "
 "to study the reaction of your hometown newspaper to the race riots in Watts "
 "in 1965, or to Bull Connor's water cannon in 1963, you could go to your "
 "back to see what we remember reading. Think about newspapers. If you wanted "
 "to study the reaction of your hometown newspaper to the race riots in Watts "
 "in 1965, or to Bull Connor's water cannon in 1963, you could go to your "


@@ -7623,7 +8188,7 @@ msgid ""
 msgstr ""
 
 #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para>
 msgstr ""
 
 #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para>

-#: freeculture.xml:5610
+#: freeculture.xml:5750

 msgid ""
 "It is said that those who fail to remember history are doomed to repeat "
 "it. That's not quite correct. We <emphasis>all</emphasis> forget "
 msgid ""
 "It is said that those who fail to remember history are doomed to repeat "
 "it. That's not quite correct. We <emphasis>all</emphasis> forget "


@@ -7636,7 +8201,7 @@ msgstr ""
 
 #.  PAGE BREAK 121 
 #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para>
 
 #.  PAGE BREAK 121 
 #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para>

-#: freeculture.xml:5619
+#: freeculture.xml:5759

 msgid ""
 "The Internet was an exception to this presumption. Until the Internet "
 "Archive, there was no way to go back. The Internet was the quintessentially "
 msgid ""
 "The Internet was an exception to this presumption. Until the Internet "
 "Archive, there was no way to go back. The Internet was the quintessentially "


@@ -7648,7 +8213,7 @@ msgid ""
 msgstr ""
 
 #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para>
 msgstr ""
 
 #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para>

-#: freeculture.xml:5630
+#: freeculture.xml:5770

 msgid ""
 "Brewster Kahle is the founder of the Internet Archive. He was a very "
 "successful Internet entrepreneur after he was a successful computer "
 msgid ""
 "Brewster Kahle is the founder of the Internet Archive. He was a very "
 "successful Internet entrepreneur after he was a successful computer "


@@ -7661,12 +8226,32 @@ msgid ""
 msgstr ""
 
 #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><indexterm><primary>
 msgstr ""
 
 #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><indexterm><primary>

-#: freeculture.xml:5639
+#: freeculture.xml:5779 freeculture.xml:5833
+msgid "Library of Congress"
+msgstr ""
+
+#. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><indexterm><primary>
+#: freeculture.xml:5780
+msgid "Television Archive"
+msgstr ""
+
+#. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><indexterm><primary>
+#: freeculture.xml:5781

 msgid "Vanderbilt University"
 msgstr ""
 
 msgid "Vanderbilt University"
 msgstr ""
 

+#. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><indexterm><primary>
+#: freeculture.xml:5783
+msgid "libraries"
+msgstr ""
+
+#. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><indexterm><secondary>
+#: freeculture.xml:5783
+msgid "archival function of"
+msgstr ""
+

 #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para>
 #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para>

-#: freeculture.xml:5641
+#: freeculture.xml:5785

 msgid ""
 "The Way Back Machine is the largest archive of human knowledge in human "
 "history. At the end of 2002, it held <quote>two hundred and thirty terabytes "
 msgid ""
 "The Way Back Machine is the largest archive of human knowledge in human "
 "history. At the end of 2002, it held <quote>two hundred and thirty terabytes "


@@ -7686,13 +8271,18 @@ msgid ""
 msgstr ""
 
 #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><blockquote><indexterm><primary>
 msgstr ""
 
 #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><blockquote><indexterm><primary>

-#: freeculture.xml:5658
+#: freeculture.xml:5802

 msgid "Quayle, Dan"
 msgstr ""
 
 msgid "Quayle, Dan"
 msgstr ""
 

+#. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><blockquote><indexterm><primary>
+#: freeculture.xml:5803
+msgid "60 Minutes"
+msgstr ""
+

 #.  PAGE BREAK 122 
 #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><blockquote><para>
 #.  PAGE BREAK 122 
 #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><blockquote><para>

-#: freeculture.xml:5660
+#: freeculture.xml:5805

 msgid ""
 "Do you remember when Dan Quayle was interacting with Murphy Brown? Remember "
 "that back and forth surreal experience of a politician interacting with a "
 msgid ""
 "Do you remember when Dan Quayle was interacting with Murphy Brown? Remember "
 "that back and forth surreal experience of a politician interacting with a "


@@ -7703,8 +8293,18 @@ msgid ""
 "are almost unfindable. &hellip;"
 msgstr ""
 
 "are almost unfindable. &hellip;"
 msgstr ""
 

+#. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><indexterm><primary>
+#: freeculture.xml:5816
+msgid "newspapers"
+msgstr ""
+
+#. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><indexterm><secondary>
+#: freeculture.xml:5816
+msgid "archives of"
+msgstr ""
+

 #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para>
 #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para>

-#: freeculture.xml:5672
+#: freeculture.xml:5818

 msgid ""
 "Why is that? Why is it that the part of our culture that is recorded in "
 "newspapers remains perpetually accessible, while the part that is recorded "
 msgid ""
 "Why is that? Why is it that the part of our culture that is recorded in "
 "newspapers remains perpetually accessible, while the part that is recorded "


@@ -7715,7 +8315,7 @@ msgid ""
 msgstr ""
 
 #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para>
 msgstr ""
 
 #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para>

-#: freeculture.xml:5680
+#: freeculture.xml:5826

 msgid ""
 "In part, this is because of the law. Early in American copyright law, "
 "copyright owners were required to deposit copies of their work in "
 msgid ""
 "In part, this is because of the law. Early in American copyright law, "
 "copyright owners were required to deposit copies of their work in "


@@ -7724,9 +8324,14 @@ msgid ""
 "copyright expired, so that others might access and copy the work."
 msgstr ""
 
 "copyright expired, so that others might access and copy the work."
 msgstr ""
 

+#. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><indexterm><secondary>
+#: freeculture.xml:5834 freeculture.xml:5877
+msgid "archive of"
+msgstr ""
+

 #.  f2 
 #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para><footnote><para>
 #.  f2 
 #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para><footnote><para>

-#: freeculture.xml:5697
+#: freeculture.xml:5845

 msgid ""
 "Doug Herrick, <quote>Toward a National Film Collection: Motion Pictures at "
 "the Library of Congress,</quote> <citetitle>Film Library "
 msgid ""
 "Doug Herrick, <quote>Toward a National Film Collection: Motion Pictures at "
 "the Library of Congress,</quote> <citetitle>Film Library "


@@ -7736,7 +8341,7 @@ msgid ""
 msgstr ""
 
 #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para>
 msgstr ""
 
 #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para>

-#: freeculture.xml:5688
+#: freeculture.xml:5836

 msgid ""
 "These rules applied to film as well. But in 1915, the Library of Congress "
 "made an exception for film. Film could be copyrighted so long as such "
 msgid ""
 "These rules applied to film as well. But in 1915, the Library of Congress "
 "made an exception for film. Film could be copyrighted so long as such "


@@ -7749,7 +8354,7 @@ msgid ""
 msgstr ""
 
 #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para>
 msgstr ""
 
 #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para>

-#: freeculture.xml:5705
+#: freeculture.xml:5853

 msgid ""
 "The same is generally true about television. Television broadcasts were "
 "originally not copyrighted&mdash;there was no way to capture the broadcasts, "
 msgid ""
 "The same is generally true about television. Television broadcasts were "
 "originally not copyrighted&mdash;there was no way to capture the broadcasts, "


@@ -7762,9 +8367,14 @@ msgid ""
 "to anyone who would look."
 msgstr ""
 
 "to anyone who would look."
 msgstr ""
 

+#. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><indexterm><primary>
+#: freeculture.xml:5863
+msgid "September 11, 2001, terrorist attacks of"
+msgstr ""
+

 #.  PAGE BREAK 123 
 #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para>
 #.  PAGE BREAK 123 
 #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para>

-#: freeculture.xml:5716
+#: freeculture.xml:5865

 msgid ""
 "Kahle was eager to correct this. Before September 11, 2001, he and his "
 "allies had started capturing television. They selected twenty stations from "
 msgid ""
 "Kahle was eager to correct this. Before September 11, 2001, he and his "
 "allies had started capturing television. They selected twenty stations from "


@@ -7776,22 +8386,37 @@ msgid ""
 msgstr ""
 
 #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><indexterm><primary>
 msgstr ""
 
 #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><indexterm><primary>

-#: freeculture.xml:5726
+#: freeculture.xml:5875

 msgid "Movie Archive"
 msgstr ""
 
 #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><indexterm><primary>
 msgid "Movie Archive"
 msgstr ""
 
 #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><indexterm><primary>

-#: freeculture.xml:5728
+#: freeculture.xml:5876

 msgid "archive.org"
 msgstr ""
 
 msgid "archive.org"
 msgstr ""
 

-#. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><indexterm><seealso>
-#: freeculture.xml:5729
+#. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><indexterm><primary>
+#: freeculture.xml:5876 freeculture.xml:5878

 msgid "Internet Archive"
 msgstr ""
 
 msgid "Internet Archive"
 msgstr ""
 

+#. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><indexterm><primary>
+#: freeculture.xml:5879
+msgid "Duck and Cover film"
+msgstr ""
+
+#. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><indexterm><primary>
+#: freeculture.xml:5880
+msgid "ephemeral films"
+msgstr ""
+
+#. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><indexterm><primary>
+#: freeculture.xml:5881
+msgid "Prelinger, Rick"
+msgstr ""
+

 #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para>
 #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para>

-#: freeculture.xml:5732
+#: freeculture.xml:5883

 msgid ""
 "Kahle had the same idea with film. Working with Rick Prelinger, whose "
 "archive of film includes close to 45,000 <quote>ephemeral films</quote> "
 msgid ""
 "Kahle had the same idea with film. Working with Rick Prelinger, whose "
 "archive of film includes close to 45,000 <quote>ephemeral films</quote> "


@@ -7811,7 +8436,7 @@ msgid ""
 msgstr ""
 
 #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para>
 msgstr ""
 
 #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para>

-#: freeculture.xml:5750
+#: freeculture.xml:5901

 msgid ""
 "Here again, Kahle is providing access to a part of our culture that we "
 "otherwise could not get easily, if at all. It is yet another part of what "
 msgid ""
 "Here again, Kahle is providing access to a part of our culture that we "
 "otherwise could not get easily, if at all. It is yet another part of what "


@@ -7821,7 +8446,7 @@ msgid ""
 msgstr ""
 
 #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para>
 msgstr ""
 
 #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para>

-#: freeculture.xml:5758
+#: freeculture.xml:5909

 msgid ""
 "The key here is access, not price. Kahle wants to enable free access to this "
 "content, but he also wants to enable others to sell access to it. His aim is "
 msgid ""
 "The key here is access, not price. Kahle wants to enable free access to this "
 "content, but he also wants to enable others to sell access to it. His aim is "


@@ -7832,7 +8457,7 @@ msgstr ""
 
 #.  PAGE BREAK 124 
 #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para>
 
 #.  PAGE BREAK 124 
 #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para>

-#: freeculture.xml:5766
+#: freeculture.xml:5917

 msgid ""
 "For here is an idea that we should more clearly recognize. Every bit of "
 "creative property goes through different <quote>lives.</quote> In its first "
 msgid ""
 "For here is an idea that we should more clearly recognize. Every bit of "
 "creative property goes through different <quote>lives.</quote> In its first "


@@ -7844,7 +8469,7 @@ msgid ""
 msgstr ""
 
 #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para>
 msgstr ""
 
 #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para>

-#: freeculture.xml:5778
+#: freeculture.xml:5929

 msgid ""
 "After the commercial life of creative property has ended, our tradition has "
 "always supported a second life as well. A newspaper delivers the news every "
 msgid ""
 "After the commercial life of creative property has ended, our tradition has "
 "always supported a second life as well. A newspaper delivers the news every "


@@ -7854,21 +8479,20 @@ msgid ""
 "even if that information is no longer sold."
 msgstr ""
 
 "even if that information is no longer sold."
 msgstr ""
 

-#.  f3 

 #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para><footnote><para>
 #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para><footnote><para>

-#: freeculture.xml:5790
+#: freeculture.xml:5942

 msgid ""
 msgid ""

-"Dave Barns, <quote>Fledgling Career in Antique Books: Woodstock Landlord, "
-"Bar Owner Starts a New Chapter by Adopting Business,</quote> "
-"<citetitle>Chicago Tribune</citetitle>, 5 September 1997, at Metro Lake "
-"1L. Of books published between 1927 and 1946, only 2.2 percent were in print "
-"in 2002. R. Anthony Reese, <quote>The First Sale Doctrine in the Era of "
-"Digital Networks,</quote> <citetitle>Boston College Law Review</citetitle> "
-"44 (2003): 593 n. 51."
+"<placeholder type=\"indexterm\" id=\"0\"/> Dave Barns, <quote>Fledgling "
+"Career in Antique Books: Woodstock Landlord, Bar Owner Starts a New Chapter "
+"by Adopting Business,</quote> <citetitle>Chicago Tribune</citetitle>, 5 "
+"September 1997, at Metro Lake 1L. Of books published between 1927 and 1946, "
+"only 2.2 percent were in print in 2002. R. Anthony Reese, <quote>The First "
+"Sale Doctrine in the Era of Digital Networks,</quote> <citetitle>Boston "
+"College Law Review</citetitle> 44 (2003): 593 n. 51."

 msgstr ""
 
 #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para>
 msgstr ""
 
 #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para>

-#: freeculture.xml:5787
+#: freeculture.xml:5939

 msgid ""
 "The same has always been true about books. A book goes out of print very "
 "quickly (the average today is after about a year<placeholder "
 msgid ""
 "The same has always been true about books. A book goes out of print very "
 "quickly (the average today is after about a year<placeholder "


@@ -7880,7 +8504,7 @@ msgid ""
 msgstr ""
 
 #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para>
 msgstr ""
 
 #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para>

-#: freeculture.xml:5804
+#: freeculture.xml:5957

 msgid ""
 "Yet increasingly, any assumption about a stable second life for creative "
 "property does not hold true with the most important components of popular "
 msgid ""
 "Yet increasingly, any assumption about a stable second life for creative "
 "property does not hold true with the most important components of popular "


@@ -7894,19 +8518,20 @@ msgstr ""
 
 #.  PAGE BREAK 125 
 #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para>
 
 #.  PAGE BREAK 125 
 #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para>

-#: freeculture.xml:5815
+#: freeculture.xml:5968

 msgid ""
 msgid ""

-"For most of the twentieth century, it was economics that made this so. It "
-"would have been insanely expensive to collect and make accessible all "
-"television and film and music: The cost of analog copies is extraordinarily "
-"high. So even though the law in principle would have restricted the ability "
-"of a Brewster Kahle to copy culture generally, the real restriction was "
-"economics. The market made it impossibly difficult to do anything about this "
-"ephemeral culture; the law had little practical effect."
+"<emphasis role='strong'>For most of</emphasis> the twentieth century, it was "
+"economics that made this so. It would have been insanely expensive to "
+"collect and make accessible all television and film and music: The cost of "
+"analog copies is extraordinarily high. So even though the law in principle "
+"would have restricted the ability of a Brewster Kahle to copy culture "
+"generally, the real restriction was economics. The market made it impossibly "
+"difficult to do anything about this ephemeral culture; the law had little "
+"practical effect."

 msgstr ""
 
 #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para>
 msgstr ""
 
 #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para>

-#: freeculture.xml:5827
+#: freeculture.xml:5980

 msgid ""
 "Perhaps the single most important feature of the digital revolution is that "
 "for the first time since the Library of Alexandria, it is feasible to "
 msgid ""
 "Perhaps the single most important feature of the digital revolution is that "
 "for the first time since the Library of Alexandria, it is feasible to "


@@ -7917,7 +8542,7 @@ msgid ""
 msgstr ""
 
 #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para>
 msgstr ""
 
 #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para>

-#: freeculture.xml:5835
+#: freeculture.xml:5988

 msgid ""
 "The scale of this potential archive is something we've never imagined "
 "before. The Brewster Kahles of our history have dreamed about it; but we are "
 msgid ""
 "The scale of this potential archive is something we've never imagined "
 "before. The Brewster Kahles of our history have dreamed about it; but we are "


@@ -7925,18 +8550,13 @@ msgid ""
 "describes,"
 msgstr ""
 
 "describes,"
 msgstr ""
 

-#. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><blockquote><indexterm><primary>
-#: freeculture.xml:5842
-msgid "books"
-msgstr ""
-

 #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><blockquote><indexterm><secondary>
 #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><blockquote><indexterm><secondary>

-#: freeculture.xml:5843
+#: freeculture.xml:5994

 msgid "total number of"
 msgstr ""
 
 #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><blockquote><para>
 msgid "total number of"
 msgstr ""
 
 #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><blockquote><para>

-#: freeculture.xml:5846
+#: freeculture.xml:5996

 msgid ""
 "It looks like there's about two to three million recordings of music.  "
 "Ever. There are about a hundred thousand theatrical releases of movies, "
 msgid ""
 "It looks like there's about two to three million recordings of music.  "
 "Ever. There are about a hundred thousand theatrical releases of movies, "


@@ -7953,7 +8573,7 @@ msgstr ""
 
 #.  PAGE BREAK 126 
 #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para>
 
 #.  PAGE BREAK 126 
 #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para>

-#: freeculture.xml:5860
+#: freeculture.xml:6011

 msgid ""
 "Kahle is not the only librarian. The Internet Archive is not the only "
 "archive. But Kahle and the Internet Archive suggest what the future of "
 msgid ""
 "Kahle is not the only librarian. The Internet Archive is not the only "
 "archive. But Kahle and the Internet Archive suggest what the future of "


@@ -7969,7 +8589,7 @@ msgid ""
 msgstr ""
 
 #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para>
 msgstr ""
 
 #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para>

-#: freeculture.xml:5875
+#: freeculture.xml:6026

 msgid ""
 "Technologists have thus removed the economic costs of building such an "
 "archive. But lawyers' costs remain. For as much as we might like to call "
 msgid ""
 "Technologists have thus removed the economic costs of building such an "
 "archive. But lawyers' costs remain. For as much as we might like to call "


@@ -7981,70 +8601,64 @@ msgid ""
 msgstr ""
 
 #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><title>
 msgstr ""
 
 #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><title>

-#: freeculture.xml:5886
+#: freeculture.xml:6037

 msgid "CHAPTER TEN: <quote>Property</quote>"
 msgstr ""
 
 msgid "CHAPTER TEN: <quote>Property</quote>"
 msgstr ""
 

-#. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para><indexterm><primary>
-#: freeculture.xml:5895
+#. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><indexterm><primary>
+#: freeculture.xml:6038

 msgid "Johnson, Lyndon"
 msgstr ""
 
 msgid "Johnson, Lyndon"
 msgstr ""
 

-#. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><section><para><indexterm><primary>
-#: freeculture.xml:5896 freeculture.xml:9635
+#. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><section><indexterm><primary>
+#: freeculture.xml:6039 freeculture.xml:9766

 msgid "Kennedy, John F."
 msgstr ""
 
 #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para>
 msgid "Kennedy, John F."
 msgstr ""
 
 #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para>

-#: freeculture.xml:5888
+#: freeculture.xml:6041

 msgid ""
 msgid ""

-"Jack Valenti has been the president of the Motion Picture Association of "
-"America since 1966. He first came to Washington, D.C., with Lyndon Johnson's "
-"administration&mdash;literally. The famous picture of Johnson's swearing-in "
-"on Air Force One after the assassination of President Kennedy has Valenti in "
-"the background. In his almost forty years of running the MPAA, Valenti has "
-"established himself as perhaps the most prominent and effective lobbyist in "
-"Washington.  <placeholder type=\"indexterm\" id=\"0\"/> <placeholder "
-"type=\"indexterm\" id=\"1\"/>"
-msgstr ""
-
-#. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para><indexterm><primary>
-#: freeculture.xml:5909
-msgid "Disney, Inc."
+"<emphasis role='strong'>Jack Valenti</emphasis> has been the president of "
+"the Motion Picture Association of America since 1966. He first came to "
+"Washington, D.C., with Lyndon Johnson's administration&mdash;literally. The "
+"famous picture of Johnson's swearing-in on Air Force One after the "
+"assassination of President Kennedy has Valenti in the background. In his "
+"almost forty years of running the MPAA, Valenti has established himself as "
+"perhaps the most prominent and effective lobbyist in Washington."

 msgstr ""
 
 msgstr ""
 

-#. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para><indexterm><primary>
-#: freeculture.xml:5910
+#. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><indexterm><primary>
+#: freeculture.xml:6051

 msgid "Sony Pictures Entertainment"
 msgstr ""
 
 msgid "Sony Pictures Entertainment"
 msgstr ""
 

-#. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para><indexterm><primary>
-#: freeculture.xml:5911
+#. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><indexterm><primary>
+#: freeculture.xml:6052

 msgid "MGM"
 msgstr ""
 
 msgid "MGM"
 msgstr ""
 

-#. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para><indexterm><primary>
-#: freeculture.xml:5912
+#. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><indexterm><primary>
+#: freeculture.xml:6053

 msgid "Paramount Pictures"
 msgstr ""
 
 msgid "Paramount Pictures"
 msgstr ""
 

-#. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para><indexterm><primary>
-#: freeculture.xml:5913
+#. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><indexterm><primary>
+#: freeculture.xml:6054

 msgid "Twentieth Century Fox"
 msgstr ""
 
 msgid "Twentieth Century Fox"
 msgstr ""
 

-#. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para><indexterm><primary>
-#: freeculture.xml:5914
+#. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><indexterm><primary>
+#: freeculture.xml:6055

 msgid "Universal Pictures"
 msgstr ""
 
 #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><section><indexterm><primary>
 msgid "Universal Pictures"
 msgstr ""
 
 #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><section><indexterm><primary>

-#: freeculture.xml:5915 freeculture.xml:7328
+#: freeculture.xml:6056 freeculture.xml:7484

 msgid "Warner Brothers"
 msgstr ""
 
 #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para>
 msgid "Warner Brothers"
 msgstr ""
 
 #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para>

-#: freeculture.xml:5899
+#: freeculture.xml:6058

 msgid ""
 "The MPAA is the American branch of the international Motion Picture "
 "Association. It was formed in 1922 as a trade association whose goal was to "
 msgid ""
 "The MPAA is the American branch of the international Motion Picture "
 "Association. It was formed in 1922 as a trade association whose goal was to "


@@ -8054,16 +8668,12 @@ msgid ""
 "made up of the chairmen and presidents of the seven major producers and "
 "distributors of motion picture and television programs in the United States: "
 "Walt Disney, Sony Pictures Entertainment, MGM, Paramount Pictures, Twentieth "
 "made up of the chairmen and presidents of the seven major producers and "
 "distributors of motion picture and television programs in the United States: "
 "Walt Disney, Sony Pictures Entertainment, MGM, Paramount Pictures, Twentieth "

-"Century Fox, Universal Studios, and Warner Brothers.  <placeholder "
-"type=\"indexterm\" id=\"0\"/> <placeholder type=\"indexterm\" id=\"1\"/> "
-"<placeholder type=\"indexterm\" id=\"2\"/> <placeholder type=\"indexterm\" "
-"id=\"3\"/> <placeholder type=\"indexterm\" id=\"4\"/> <placeholder "
-"type=\"indexterm\" id=\"5\"/> <placeholder type=\"indexterm\" id=\"6\"/>"
+"Century Fox, Universal Studios, and Warner Brothers."

 msgstr ""
 
 #.  PAGE BREAK 128 
 #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para>
 msgstr ""
 
 #.  PAGE BREAK 128 
 #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para>

-#: freeculture.xml:5919
+#: freeculture.xml:6071

 msgid ""
 "Valenti is only the third president of the MPAA. No president before him has "
 "had as much influence over that organization, or over Washington. As a "
 msgid ""
 "Valenti is only the third president of the MPAA. No president before him has "
 "had as much influence over that organization, or over Washington. As a "


@@ -8077,7 +8687,7 @@ msgid ""
 msgstr ""
 
 #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para>
 msgstr ""
 
 #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para>

-#: freeculture.xml:5931
+#: freeculture.xml:6083

 msgid ""
 "In defending artistic liberty and the freedom of speech that our culture "
 "depends upon, the MPAA has done important good. In crafting the MPAA rating "
 msgid ""
 "In defending artistic liberty and the freedom of speech that our culture "
 "depends upon, the MPAA has done important good. In crafting the MPAA rating "


@@ -8089,13 +8699,13 @@ msgid ""
 msgstr ""
 
 #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para>
 msgstr ""
 
 #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para>

-#: freeculture.xml:5940
+#: freeculture.xml:6092

 msgid "In 1982, Valenti's testimony to Congress captured the strategy perfectly:"
 msgstr ""
 
 #.  f1 
 #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><blockquote><para><footnote><para>
 msgid "In 1982, Valenti's testimony to Congress captured the strategy perfectly:"
 msgstr ""
 
 #.  f1 
 #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><blockquote><para><footnote><para>

-#: freeculture.xml:5954
+#: freeculture.xml:6106

 msgid ""
 "Home Recording of Copyrighted Works: Hearings on H.R. 4783, H.R.  4794, "
 "H.R. 4808, H.R. 5250, H.R. 5488, and H.R. 5705 Before the Subcommittee on "
 msgid ""
 "Home Recording of Copyrighted Works: Hearings on H.R. 4783, H.R.  4794, "
 "H.R. 4808, H.R. 5250, H.R. 5488, and H.R. 5705 Before the Subcommittee on "


@@ -8105,7 +8715,7 @@ msgid ""
 msgstr ""
 
 #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><blockquote><para>
 msgstr ""
 
 #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><blockquote><para>

-#: freeculture.xml:5945
+#: freeculture.xml:6097

 msgid ""
 "No matter the lengthy arguments made, no matter the charges and the "
 "counter-charges, no matter the tumult and the shouting, reasonable men and "
 msgid ""
 "No matter the lengthy arguments made, no matter the charges and the "
 "counter-charges, no matter the tumult and the shouting, reasonable men and "


@@ -8119,7 +8729,7 @@ msgstr ""
 
 #.  PAGE BREAK 129 
 #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para>
 
 #.  PAGE BREAK 129 
 #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para>

-#: freeculture.xml:5964
+#: freeculture.xml:6116

 msgid ""
 "The strategy of this rhetoric, like the strategy of most of Valenti's "
 "rhetoric, is brilliant and simple and brilliant because simple. The "
 msgid ""
 "The strategy of this rhetoric, like the strategy of most of Valenti's "
 "rhetoric, is brilliant and simple and brilliant because simple. The "


@@ -8131,7 +8741,7 @@ msgid ""
 msgstr ""
 
 #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para>
 msgstr ""
 
 #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para>

-#: freeculture.xml:5975
+#: freeculture.xml:6127

 msgid ""
 "This claim has an obvious and powerful intuitive pull. It is stated with "
 "such clarity as to make the idea as obvious as the notion that we use "
 msgid ""
 "This claim has an obvious and powerful intuitive pull. It is stated with "
 "such clarity as to make the idea as obvious as the notion that we use "


@@ -8147,7 +8757,7 @@ msgstr ""
 
 #.  f2 
 #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para><footnote><para>
 
 #.  f2 
 #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para><footnote><para>

-#: freeculture.xml:5990
+#: freeculture.xml:6142

 msgid ""
 "Lawyers speak of <quote>property</quote> not as an absolute thing, but as a "
 "bundle of rights that are sometimes associated with a particular "
 msgid ""
 "Lawyers speak of <quote>property</quote> not as an absolute thing, but as a "
 "bundle of rights that are sometimes associated with a particular "


@@ -8160,7 +8770,7 @@ msgid ""
 msgstr ""
 
 #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para>
 msgstr ""
 
 #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para>

-#: freeculture.xml:5987
+#: freeculture.xml:6139

 msgid ""
 "While <quote>creative property</quote> is certainly <quote>property</quote> "
 "in a nerdy and precise sense that lawyers are trained to "
 msgid ""
 "While <quote>creative property</quote> is certainly <quote>property</quote> "
 "in a nerdy and precise sense that lawyers are trained to "


@@ -8173,7 +8783,7 @@ msgid ""
 msgstr ""
 
 #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para>
 msgstr ""
 
 #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para>

-#: freeculture.xml:6005
+#: freeculture.xml:6157

 msgid ""
 "Valenti knows this. But he speaks for an industry that cares squat for our "
 "tradition and the values it represents. He speaks for an industry that is "
 msgid ""
 "Valenti knows this. But he speaks for an industry that cares squat for our "
 "tradition and the values it represents. He speaks for an industry that is "


@@ -8184,7 +8794,7 @@ msgstr ""
 
 #.  PAGE BREAK 130 
 #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para>
 
 #.  PAGE BREAK 130 
 #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para>

-#: freeculture.xml:6013
+#: freeculture.xml:6165

 msgid ""
 "I have two purposes in this chapter. The first is to convince you that, "
 "historically, Valenti's claim is absolutely wrong. The second is to convince "
 msgid ""
 "I have two purposes in this chapter. The first is to convince you that, "
 "historically, Valenti's claim is absolutely wrong. The second is to convince "


@@ -8198,7 +8808,7 @@ msgid ""
 msgstr ""
 
 #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para>
 msgstr ""
 
 #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para>

-#: freeculture.xml:6028
+#: freeculture.xml:6180

 msgid ""
 "Organizations such as the MPAA, whose board includes the most powerful of "
 "the old guard, have little interest, their rhetoric notwithstanding, in "
 msgid ""
 "Organizations such as the MPAA, whose board includes the most powerful of "
 "the old guard, have little interest, their rhetoric notwithstanding, in "


@@ -8206,13 +8816,19 @@ msgid ""
 "does. (Ask me about tenure, for example.)  But what's good for the MPAA is "
 "not necessarily good for America. A society that defends the ideals of free "
 "culture must preserve precisely the opportunity for new creativity to "
 "does. (Ask me about tenure, for example.)  But what's good for the MPAA is "
 "not necessarily good for America. A society that defends the ideals of free "
 "culture must preserve precisely the opportunity for new creativity to "

-"threaten the old.  To get just a hint that there is something fundamentally "
-"wrong in Valenti's argument, we need look no further than the United States "
-"Constitution itself."
+"threaten the old."
+msgstr ""
+
+#. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para>
+#: freeculture.xml:6189
+msgid ""
+"<emphasis role='strong'>To get</emphasis> just a hint that there is "
+"something fundamentally wrong in Valenti's argument, we need look no further "
+"than the United States Constitution itself."

 msgstr ""
 
 #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para>
 msgstr ""
 
 #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para>

-#: freeculture.xml:6040
+#: freeculture.xml:6194

 msgid ""
 "The framers of our Constitution loved <quote>property.</quote> Indeed, so "
 "strongly did they love property that they built into the Constitution an "
 msgid ""
 "The framers of our Constitution loved <quote>property.</quote> Indeed, so "
 "strongly did they love property that they built into the Constitution an "


@@ -8227,7 +8843,7 @@ msgstr ""
 
 #.  PAGE BREAK 131 
 #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para>
 
 #.  PAGE BREAK 131 
 #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para>

-#: freeculture.xml:6051
+#: freeculture.xml:6205

 msgid ""
 "Yet the very same Constitution speaks very differently about what Valenti "
 "calls <quote>creative property.</quote> In the clause granting Congress the "
 msgid ""
 "Yet the very same Constitution speaks very differently about what Valenti "
 "calls <quote>creative property.</quote> In the clause granting Congress the "


@@ -8244,7 +8860,7 @@ msgid ""
 msgstr ""
 
 #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para>
 msgstr ""
 
 #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para>

-#: freeculture.xml:6066
+#: freeculture.xml:6220

 msgid ""
 "The Constitution thus on its face states that these two forms of property "
 "are not to be accorded the same rights. They are plainly to be treated "
 msgid ""
 "The Constitution thus on its face states that these two forms of property "
 "are not to be accorded the same rights. They are plainly to be treated "


@@ -8255,7 +8871,7 @@ msgid ""
 msgstr ""
 
 #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para>
 msgstr ""
 
 #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para>

-#: freeculture.xml:6075
+#: freeculture.xml:6229

 msgid ""
 "Arguing for a change in our Constitution is not necessarily wrong.  There "
 "was much in our original Constitution that was plainly wrong.  The "
 msgid ""
 "Arguing for a change in our Constitution is not necessarily wrong.  There "
 "was much in our original Constitution that was plainly wrong.  The "


@@ -8269,7 +8885,7 @@ msgid ""
 msgstr ""
 
 #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para>
 msgstr ""
 
 #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para>

-#: freeculture.xml:6087
+#: freeculture.xml:6241

 msgid ""
 "Instead, my argument is that because Jefferson did it, we should at least "
 "try to understand <emphasis>why</emphasis>. Why did the framers, fanatical "
 msgid ""
 "Instead, my argument is that because Jefferson did it, we should at least "
 "try to understand <emphasis>why</emphasis>. Why did the framers, fanatical "


@@ -8279,7 +8895,7 @@ msgid ""
 msgstr ""
 
 #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para>
 msgstr ""
 
 #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para>

-#: freeculture.xml:6095
+#: freeculture.xml:6249

 msgid ""
 "To answer this question, we need to get some perspective on the history of "
 "these <quote>creative property</quote> rights, and the control that they "
 msgid ""
 "To answer this question, we need to get some perspective on the history of "
 "these <quote>creative property</quote> rights, and the control that they "


@@ -8295,7 +8911,7 @@ msgstr ""
 
 #.  PAGE BREAK 132 
 #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para>
 
 #.  PAGE BREAK 132 
 #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para>

-#: freeculture.xml:6110
+#: freeculture.xml:6264

 msgid ""
 "To answer these questions, we need a more general way to talk about how "
 "property is protected. More precisely, we need a more general way than the "
 msgid ""
 "To answer these questions, we need a more general way to talk about how "
 "property is protected. More precisely, we need a more general way than the "


@@ -8307,19 +8923,19 @@ msgid ""
 msgstr ""
 
 #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><figure><title>
 msgstr ""
 
 #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><figure><title>

-#: freeculture.xml:6119
+#: freeculture.xml:6273

 msgid ""
 "How four different modalities of regulation interact to support or weaken "
 "the right or regulation."
 msgstr ""
 
 #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><section><figure>
 msgid ""
 "How four different modalities of regulation interact to support or weaken "
 "the right or regulation."
 msgstr ""
 
 #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><section><figure>

-#: freeculture.xml:6120 freeculture.xml:6306 freeculture.xml:6614
+#: freeculture.xml:6274 freeculture.xml:6458 freeculture.xml:6765

 msgid "<graphic fileref=\"images/1331.png\"></graphic>"
 msgstr ""
 
 #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para>
 msgid "<graphic fileref=\"images/1331.png\"></graphic>"
 msgstr ""
 
 #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para>

-#: freeculture.xml:6123
+#: freeculture.xml:6277

 msgid ""
 "At the center of this picture is a regulated dot: the individual or group "
 "that is the target of regulation, or the holder of a right. (In each case "
 msgid ""
 "At the center of this picture is a regulated dot: the individual or group "
 "that is the target of regulation, or the holder of a right. (In each case "


@@ -8336,12 +8952,12 @@ msgid ""
 msgstr ""
 
 #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><section><indexterm><primary>
 msgstr ""
 
 #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><section><indexterm><primary>

-#: freeculture.xml:6139 freeculture.xml:6200 freeculture.xml:6309
+#: freeculture.xml:6293 freeculture.xml:6352 freeculture.xml:6461

 msgid "norms, regulatory influence of"
 msgstr ""
 
 #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para>
 msgid "norms, regulatory influence of"
 msgstr ""
 
 #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para>

-#: freeculture.xml:6141
+#: freeculture.xml:6295

 msgid ""
 "Norms are a different kind of constraint. They, too, punish an individual "
 "for violating a rule. But the punishment of a norm is imposed by a "
 msgid ""
 "Norms are a different kind of constraint. They, too, punish an individual "
 "for violating a rule. But the punishment of a norm is imposed by a "


@@ -8354,12 +8970,12 @@ msgid ""
 msgstr ""
 
 #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><section><indexterm><primary>
 msgstr ""
 
 #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><section><indexterm><primary>

-#: freeculture.xml:6151 freeculture.xml:6199 freeculture.xml:6289 freeculture.xml:6308 freeculture.xml:9253 freeculture.xml:9451
+#: freeculture.xml:6305 freeculture.xml:6351 freeculture.xml:6441 freeculture.xml:6460 freeculture.xml:9391 freeculture.xml:9590

 msgid "market constraints"
 msgstr ""
 
 #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para>
 msgid "market constraints"
 msgstr ""
 
 #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para>

-#: freeculture.xml:6153
+#: freeculture.xml:6307

 msgid ""
 "The market is a third type of constraint. Its constraint is effected through "
 "conditions: You can do X if you pay Y; you'll be paid M if you do N. These "
 msgid ""
 "The market is a third type of constraint. Its constraint is effected through "
 "conditions: You can do X if you pay Y; you'll be paid M if you do N. These "


@@ -8371,12 +8987,12 @@ msgid ""
 msgstr ""
 
 #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para><footnote><para><indexterm><primary>
 msgstr ""
 
 #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para><footnote><para><indexterm><primary>

-#: freeculture.xml:6162 freeculture.xml:6198 freeculture.xml:6247 freeculture.xml:6288
+#: freeculture.xml:6316 freeculture.xml:6350 freeculture.xml:6399 freeculture.xml:6440

 msgid "architecture, constraint effected through"
 msgstr ""
 
 #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para>
 msgid "architecture, constraint effected through"
 msgstr ""
 
 #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para>

-#: freeculture.xml:6164
+#: freeculture.xml:6318

 msgid ""
 "Finally, and for the moment, perhaps, most mysteriously, "
 "<quote>architecture</quote>&mdash;the physical world as one finds "
 msgid ""
 "Finally, and for the moment, perhaps, most mysteriously, "
 "<quote>architecture</quote>&mdash;the physical world as one finds "


@@ -8395,7 +9011,7 @@ msgstr ""
 
 #.  PAGE BREAK 134 
 #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para>
 
 #.  PAGE BREAK 134 
 #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para>

-#: freeculture.xml:6181
+#: freeculture.xml:6335

 msgid ""
 "So the first point about these four modalities of regulation is obvious: "
 "They interact. Restrictions imposed by one might be reinforced by "
 msgid ""
 "So the first point about these four modalities of regulation is obvious: "
 "They interact. Restrictions imposed by one might be reinforced by "


@@ -8403,7 +9019,7 @@ msgid ""
 msgstr ""
 
 #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para>
 msgstr ""
 
 #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para>

-#: freeculture.xml:6187
+#: freeculture.xml:6341

 msgid ""
 "The second point follows directly: If we want to understand the effective "
 "freedom that anyone has at a given moment to do any particular thing, we "
 msgid ""
 "The second point follows directly: If we want to understand the effective "
 "freedom that anyone has at a given moment to do any particular thing, we "


@@ -8415,12 +9031,12 @@ msgid ""
 msgstr ""
 
 #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><indexterm><primary>
 msgstr ""
 
 #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><indexterm><primary>

-#: freeculture.xml:6196
+#: freeculture.xml:6349

 msgid "driving speed, constraints on"
 msgstr ""
 
 #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para>
 msgid "driving speed, constraints on"
 msgstr ""
 
 #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para>

-#: freeculture.xml:6202
+#: freeculture.xml:6354

 msgid ""
 "So, for example, consider the <quote>freedom</quote> to drive a car at a "
 "high speed. That freedom is in part restricted by laws: speed limits that "
 msgid ""
 "So, for example, consider the <quote>freedom</quote> to drive a car at a "
 "high speed. That freedom is in part restricted by laws: speed limits that "


@@ -8437,7 +9053,7 @@ msgstr ""
 
 #.  f3 
 #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para><footnote><para>
 
 #.  f3 
 #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para><footnote><para>

-#: freeculture.xml:6220
+#: freeculture.xml:6372

 msgid ""
 "By describing the way law affects the other three modalities, I don't mean "
 "to suggest that the other three don't affect law. Obviously, they do. Law's "
 msgid ""
 "By describing the way law affects the other three modalities, I don't mean "
 "to suggest that the other three don't affect law. Obviously, they do. Law's "


@@ -8451,7 +9067,7 @@ msgstr ""
 
 #.  PAGE BREAK 135 
 #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para>
 
 #.  PAGE BREAK 135 
 #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para>

-#: freeculture.xml:6216
+#: freeculture.xml:6368

 msgid ""
 "The final point about this simple model should also be fairly clear: While "
 "these four modalities are analytically independent, law has a special role "
 msgid ""
 "The final point about this simple model should also be fairly clear: While "
 "these four modalities are analytically independent, law has a special role "


@@ -8468,27 +9084,27 @@ msgid ""
 msgstr ""
 
 #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><figure><title>
 msgstr ""
 
 #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><figure><title>

-#: freeculture.xml:6244
+#: freeculture.xml:6396

 msgid "Law has a special role in affecting the three."
 msgstr ""
 
 #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><figure>
 msgid "Law has a special role in affecting the three."
 msgstr ""
 
 #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><figure>

-#: freeculture.xml:6245
+#: freeculture.xml:6397

 msgid "<graphic fileref=\"images/1361.png\"></graphic>"
 msgstr ""
 
 #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para><footnote><para><indexterm><primary>
 msgid "<graphic fileref=\"images/1361.png\"></graphic>"
 msgstr ""
 
 #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para><footnote><para><indexterm><primary>

-#: freeculture.xml:6286
+#: freeculture.xml:6438

 msgid "Americans with Disabilities Act (1990)"
 msgstr ""
 
 #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para><footnote><para><indexterm><primary>
 msgid "Americans with Disabilities Act (1990)"
 msgstr ""
 
 #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para><footnote><para><indexterm><primary>

-#: freeculture.xml:6287
+#: freeculture.xml:6439

 msgid "Commons, John R."
 msgstr ""
 
 #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para><footnote><para>
 msgid "Commons, John R."
 msgstr ""
 
 #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para><footnote><para>

-#: freeculture.xml:6257
+#: freeculture.xml:6409

 msgid ""
 "Some people object to this way of talking about <quote>liberty.</quote> They "
 "object because their focus when considering the constraints that exist at "
 msgid ""
 "Some people object to this way of talking about <quote>liberty.</quote> They "
 "object because their focus when considering the constraints that exist at "


@@ -8523,7 +9139,7 @@ msgid ""
 msgstr ""
 
 #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para>
 msgstr ""
 
 #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para>

-#: freeculture.xml:6249
+#: freeculture.xml:6401

 msgid ""
 "These constraints can thus change, and they can be changed. To understand "
 "the effective protection of liberty or protection of property at any "
 msgid ""
 "These constraints can thus change, and they can be changed. To understand "
 "the effective protection of liberty or protection of property at any "


@@ -8534,12 +9150,12 @@ msgid ""
 msgstr ""
 
 #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><section><title>
 msgstr ""
 
 #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><section><title>

-#: freeculture.xml:6293
+#: freeculture.xml:6445

 msgid "Why Hollywood Is Right"
 msgstr ""
 
 #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><section><para>
 msgid "Why Hollywood Is Right"
 msgstr ""
 
 #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><section><para>

-#: freeculture.xml:6295
+#: freeculture.xml:6447

 msgid ""
 "The most obvious point that this model reveals is just why, or just how, "
 "Hollywood is right. The copyright warriors have rallied Congress and the "
 msgid ""
 "The most obvious point that this model reveals is just why, or just how, "
 "Hollywood is right. The copyright warriors have rallied Congress and the "


@@ -8548,18 +9164,18 @@ msgid ""
 msgstr ""
 
 #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><section><para>
 msgstr ""
 
 #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><section><para>

-#: freeculture.xml:6301
+#: freeculture.xml:6453

 msgid "Let's say this is the picture of copyright's regulation before the Internet:"
 msgstr ""
 
 #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><section><figure><title>
 msgid "Let's say this is the picture of copyright's regulation before the Internet:"
 msgstr ""
 
 #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><section><figure><title>

-#: freeculture.xml:6305 freeculture.xml:6613
+#: freeculture.xml:6457 freeculture.xml:6764

 msgid "Copyright's regulation before the Internet."
 msgstr ""
 
 #.  PAGE BREAK 136 
 #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><section><para>
 msgid "Copyright's regulation before the Internet."
 msgstr ""
 
 #.  PAGE BREAK 136 
 #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><section><para>

-#: freeculture.xml:6312
+#: freeculture.xml:6464

 msgid ""
 "There is balance between law, norms, market, and architecture. The law "
 "limits the ability to copy and share content, by imposing penalties on those "
 msgid ""
 "There is balance between law, norms, market, and architecture. The law "
 "limits the ability to copy and share content, by imposing penalties on those "


@@ -8573,7 +9189,7 @@ msgid ""
 msgstr ""
 
 #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><section><para>
 msgstr ""
 
 #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><section><para>

-#: freeculture.xml:6324
+#: freeculture.xml:6476

 msgid ""
 "Enter the Internet, or, more precisely, technologies such as MP3s and p2p "
 "sharing. Now the constraint of architecture changes dramatically, as does "
 msgid ""
 "Enter the Internet, or, more precisely, technologies such as MP3s and p2p "
 "sharing. Now the constraint of architecture changes dramatically, as does "


@@ -8585,7 +9201,7 @@ msgstr ""
 
 #.  PAGE BREAK 137 
 #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><section><para>
 
 #.  PAGE BREAK 137 
 #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><section><para>

-#: freeculture.xml:6332
+#: freeculture.xml:6484

 msgid ""
 "Thus the sense of, and justification for, the warriors' response.  "
 "Technology has changed, the warriors say, and the effect of this change, "
 msgid ""
 "Thus the sense of, and justification for, the warriors' response.  "
 "Technology has changed, the warriors say, and the effect of this change, "


@@ -8596,17 +9212,17 @@ msgid ""
 msgstr ""
 
 #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><section><figure><title>
 msgstr ""
 
 #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><section><figure><title>

-#: freeculture.xml:6342
+#: freeculture.xml:6494

 msgid "effective state of anarchy after the Internet."
 msgstr ""
 
 #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><section><figure>
 msgid "effective state of anarchy after the Internet."
 msgstr ""
 
 #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><section><figure>

-#: freeculture.xml:6343
+#: freeculture.xml:6495

 msgid "<graphic fileref=\"images/1381.png\"></graphic>"
 msgstr ""
 
 #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><section><para>
 msgid "<graphic fileref=\"images/1381.png\"></graphic>"
 msgstr ""
 
 #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><section><para>

-#: freeculture.xml:6346
+#: freeculture.xml:6498

 msgid ""
 "Neither this analysis nor the conclusions that follow are new to the "
 "warriors. Indeed, in a <quote>White Paper</quote> prepared by the Commerce "
 msgid ""
 "Neither this analysis nor the conclusions that follow are new to the "
 "warriors. Indeed, in a <quote>White Paper</quote> prepared by the Commerce "


@@ -8620,13 +9236,13 @@ msgid ""
 msgstr ""
 
 #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><section><indexterm><primary>
 msgstr ""
 
 #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><section><indexterm><primary>

-#: freeculture.xml:6357
+#: freeculture.xml:6509

 msgid "steel industry"
 msgstr ""
 
 #.  PAGE BREAK 138 
 #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><section><para>
 msgid "steel industry"
 msgstr ""
 
 #.  PAGE BREAK 138 
 #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><section><para>

-#: freeculture.xml:6359
+#: freeculture.xml:6511

 msgid ""
 "This mixed strategy is just what copyright needed&mdash;if it was to "
 "preserve the particular balance that existed before the change induced by "
 msgid ""
 "This mixed strategy is just what copyright needed&mdash;if it was to "
 "preserve the particular balance that existed before the change induced by "


@@ -8643,7 +9259,7 @@ msgid ""
 msgstr ""
 
 #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><section><para>
 msgstr ""
 
 #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><section><para>

-#: freeculture.xml:6376
+#: freeculture.xml:6528

 msgid ""
 "Thus, there's nothing wrong or surprising in the content industry's campaign "
 "to protect itself from the harmful consequences of a technological "
 msgid ""
 "Thus, there's nothing wrong or surprising in the content industry's campaign "
 "to protect itself from the harmful consequences of a technological "


@@ -8654,13 +9270,13 @@ msgid ""
 msgstr ""
 
 #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><section><indexterm><primary>
 msgstr ""
 
 #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><section><indexterm><primary>

-#: freeculture.xml:6383
+#: freeculture.xml:6535

 msgid "railroad industry"
 msgstr ""
 
 #.  f5 
 #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><section><para><footnote><para>
 msgid "railroad industry"
 msgstr ""
 
 #.  f5 
 #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><section><para><footnote><para>

-#: freeculture.xml:6394
+#: freeculture.xml:6547

 msgid ""
 "See Geoffrey Smith, <quote>Film vs. Digital: Can Kodak Build a "
 "Bridge?</quote> BusinessWeek online, 2 August 1999, available at <ulink "
 msgid ""
 "See Geoffrey Smith, <quote>Film vs. Digital: Can Kodak Build a "
 "Bridge?</quote> BusinessWeek online, 2 August 1999, available at <ulink "


@@ -8672,7 +9288,7 @@ msgid ""
 msgstr ""
 
 #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><section><para>
 msgstr ""
 
 #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><section><para>

-#: freeculture.xml:6386
+#: freeculture.xml:6539

 msgid ""
 "But just because a particular interest asks for government support, it "
 "doesn't follow that support should be granted. And just because technology "
 msgid ""
 "But just because a particular interest asks for government support, it "
 "doesn't follow that support should be granted. And just because technology "


@@ -8694,25 +9310,25 @@ msgid ""
 msgstr ""
 
 #. type: Content of: <book><chapter><section><section><indexterm><primary>
 msgstr ""
 
 #. type: Content of: <book><chapter><section><section><indexterm><primary>

-#: freeculture.xml:6415 freeculture.xml:14716
+#: freeculture.xml:6568 freeculture.xml:14889

 msgid "Brezhnev, Leonid"
 msgstr ""
 
 msgid "Brezhnev, Leonid"
 msgstr ""
 

-#. type: Content of: <book><chapter><para><indexterm><primary>
-#: freeculture.xml:6416 freeculture.xml:12978
+#. type: Content of: <book><chapter><indexterm><primary>
+#: freeculture.xml:6569 freeculture.xml:13125

 msgid "Gates, Bill"
 msgstr ""
 
 #.  f6 
 #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><section><para><footnote><para>
 msgid "Gates, Bill"
 msgstr ""
 
 #.  f6 
 #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><section><para><footnote><para>

-#: freeculture.xml:6428
+#: freeculture.xml:6581

 msgid ""
 "Fred Warshofsky, <citetitle>The Patent Wars</citetitle> (New York: Wiley, "
 "1994), 170&ndash;71."
 msgstr ""
 
 #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><section><para>
 msgid ""
 "Fred Warshofsky, <citetitle>The Patent Wars</citetitle> (New York: Wiley, "
 "1994), 170&ndash;71."
 msgstr ""
 
 #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><section><para>

-#: freeculture.xml:6418
+#: freeculture.xml:6571

 msgid ""
 "The obvious answer to these obviously rhetorical questions is no.  In a free "
 "society, with a free market, supported by free enterprise and free trade, "
 msgid ""
 "The obvious answer to these obviously rhetorical questions is no.  In a free "
 "society, with a free market, supported by free enterprise and free trade, "


@@ -8730,7 +9346,7 @@ msgid ""
 msgstr ""
 
 #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><section><para>
 msgstr ""
 
 #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><section><para>

-#: freeculture.xml:6439
+#: freeculture.xml:6592

 msgid ""
 "Thus, while it is understandable for industries threatened with new "
 "technologies that change the way they do business to look to the government "
 msgid ""
 "Thus, while it is understandable for industries threatened with new "
 "technologies that change the way they do business to look to the government "


@@ -8742,7 +9358,7 @@ msgid ""
 msgstr ""
 
 #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><section><para>
 msgstr ""
 
 #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><section><para>

-#: freeculture.xml:6449
+#: freeculture.xml:6602

 msgid ""
 "In the context of laws regulating speech&mdash;which include, obviously, "
 "copyright law&mdash;that duty is even stronger. When the industry "
 msgid ""
 "In the context of laws regulating speech&mdash;which include, obviously, "
 "copyright law&mdash;that duty is even stronger. When the industry "


@@ -8759,7 +9375,7 @@ msgstr ""
 
 #.  PAGE BREAK 140 
 #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><section><para>
 
 #.  PAGE BREAK 140 
 #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><section><para>

-#: freeculture.xml:6463
+#: freeculture.xml:6616

 msgid ""
 "My argument just now, however, has nothing to do with whether the changes "
 "that are being pushed by the copyright warriors are "
 msgid ""
 "My argument just now, however, has nothing to do with whether the changes "
 "that are being pushed by the copyright warriors are "


@@ -8770,32 +9386,32 @@ msgid ""
 msgstr ""
 
 #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><section><para>
 msgstr ""
 
 #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><section><para>

-#: freeculture.xml:6472
+#: freeculture.xml:6625

 msgid "Here's the metaphor that will capture the argument to follow."
 msgstr ""
 
 #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><section><indexterm><primary>
 msgid "Here's the metaphor that will capture the argument to follow."
 msgstr ""
 
 #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><section><indexterm><primary>

-#: freeculture.xml:6475
+#: freeculture.xml:6627

 msgid "DDT"
 msgstr ""
 
 msgid "DDT"
 msgstr ""
 

-#. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><section><para><indexterm><primary>
-#: freeculture.xml:6483
+#. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><section><indexterm><primary>
+#: freeculture.xml:6628

 msgid "Müller, Paul Hermann"
 msgstr ""
 
 #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><section><para>
 msgid "Müller, Paul Hermann"
 msgstr ""
 
 #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><section><para>

-#: freeculture.xml:6478
+#: freeculture.xml:6630

 msgid ""
 "In 1873, the chemical DDT was first synthesized. In 1948, Swiss chemist Paul "
 "Hermann Müller won the Nobel Prize for his work demonstrating the "
 "insecticidal properties of DDT. By the 1950s, the insecticide was widely "
 "used around the world to kill disease-carrying pests. It was also used to "
 msgid ""
 "In 1873, the chemical DDT was first synthesized. In 1948, Swiss chemist Paul "
 "Hermann Müller won the Nobel Prize for his work demonstrating the "
 "insecticidal properties of DDT. By the 1950s, the insecticide was widely "
 "used around the world to kill disease-carrying pests. It was also used to "

-"increase farm production.  <placeholder type=\"indexterm\" id=\"0\"/>"
+"increase farm production."

 msgstr ""
 
 #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><section><para>
 msgstr ""
 
 #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><section><para>

-#: freeculture.xml:6486
+#: freeculture.xml:6637

 msgid ""
 "No one doubts that killing disease-carrying pests or increasing crop "
 "production is a good thing. No one doubts that the work of Müller was "
 msgid ""
 "No one doubts that killing disease-carrying pests or increasing crop "
 "production is a good thing. No one doubts that the work of Müller was "


@@ -8803,17 +9419,17 @@ msgid ""
 msgstr ""
 
 #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><section><indexterm><primary>
 msgstr ""
 
 #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><section><indexterm><primary>

-#: freeculture.xml:6490
+#: freeculture.xml:6641

 msgid "Carson, Rachel"
 msgstr ""
 
 #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><section><indexterm><primary>
 msgid "Carson, Rachel"
 msgstr ""
 
 #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><section><indexterm><primary>

-#: freeculture.xml:6491
+#: freeculture.xml:6642

 msgid "Silent Sprint (Carson)"
 msgstr ""
 
 #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><section><para>
 msgid "Silent Sprint (Carson)"
 msgstr ""
 
 #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><section><para>

-#: freeculture.xml:6493
+#: freeculture.xml:6644

 msgid ""
 "But in 1962, Rachel Carson published <citetitle>Silent Spring</citetitle>, "
 "which argued that DDT, whatever its primary benefits, was also having "
 msgid ""
 "But in 1962, Rachel Carson published <citetitle>Silent Spring</citetitle>, "
 "which argued that DDT, whatever its primary benefits, was also having "


@@ -8822,7 +9438,7 @@ msgid ""
 msgstr ""
 
 #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><section><para>
 msgstr ""
 
 #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><section><para>

-#: freeculture.xml:6499
+#: freeculture.xml:6650

 msgid ""
 "No one set out to destroy the environment. Paul Müller certainly did not aim "
 "to harm any birds. But the effort to solve one set of problems produced "
 msgid ""
 "No one set out to destroy the environment. Paul Müller certainly did not aim "
 "to harm any birds. But the effort to solve one set of problems produced "


@@ -8834,13 +9450,13 @@ msgid ""
 msgstr ""
 
 #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><section><indexterm><primary>
 msgstr ""
 
 #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><section><indexterm><primary>

-#: freeculture.xml:6507
+#: freeculture.xml:6658

 msgid "Boyle, James"
 msgstr ""
 
 #.  f7 
 #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><section><para><footnote><para>
 msgid "Boyle, James"
 msgstr ""
 
 #.  f7 
 #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><section><para><footnote><para>

-#: freeculture.xml:6513
+#: freeculture.xml:6664

 msgid ""
 "See, for example, James Boyle, <quote>A Politics of Intellectual Property: "
 "Environmentalism for the Net?</quote> <citetitle>Duke Law "
 msgid ""
 "See, for example, James Boyle, <quote>A Politics of Intellectual Property: "
 "Environmentalism for the Net?</quote> <citetitle>Duke Law "


@@ -8849,7 +9465,7 @@ msgstr ""
 
 #.  PAGE BREAK 141 
 #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><section><para>
 
 #.  PAGE BREAK 141 
 #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><section><para>

-#: freeculture.xml:6509
+#: freeculture.xml:6660

 msgid ""
 "It is to this image precisely that Duke University law professor James Boyle "
 "appeals when he argues that we need an <quote>environmentalism</quote> for "
 msgid ""
 "It is to this image precisely that Duke University law professor James Boyle "
 "appeals when he argues that we need an <quote>environmentalism</quote> for "


@@ -8867,7 +9483,7 @@ msgid ""
 msgstr ""
 
 #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><section><para>
 msgstr ""
 
 #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><section><para>

-#: freeculture.xml:6530
+#: freeculture.xml:6681

 msgid ""
 "My argument, in the balance of this chapter, tries to map exactly this "
 "effect. No doubt the technology of the Internet has had a dramatic effect on "
 msgid ""
 "My argument, in the balance of this chapter, tries to map exactly this "
 "effect. No doubt the technology of the Internet has had a dramatic effect on "


@@ -8881,19 +9497,19 @@ msgid ""
 msgstr ""
 
 #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><section><para>
 msgstr ""
 
 #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><section><para>

-#: freeculture.xml:6541
+#: freeculture.xml:6692

 msgid ""
 "In a line: To kill a gnat, we are spraying DDT with consequences for free "
 "culture that will be far more devastating than that this gnat will be lost."
 msgstr ""
 
 #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><section><title>
 msgid ""
 "In a line: To kill a gnat, we are spraying DDT with consequences for free "
 "culture that will be far more devastating than that this gnat will be lost."
 msgstr ""
 
 #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><section><title>

-#: freeculture.xml:6548
+#: freeculture.xml:6699

 msgid "Beginnings"
 msgstr ""
 
 #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><section><para>
 msgid "Beginnings"
 msgstr ""
 
 #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><section><para>

-#: freeculture.xml:6550
+#: freeculture.xml:6701

 msgid ""
 "America copied English copyright law. Actually, we copied and improved "
 "English copyright law. Our Constitution makes the purpose of <quote>creative "
 msgid ""
 "America copied English copyright law. Actually, we copied and improved "
 "English copyright law. Our Constitution makes the purpose of <quote>creative "


@@ -8902,7 +9518,7 @@ msgid ""
 msgstr ""
 
 #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><section><para>
 msgstr ""
 
 #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><section><para>

-#: freeculture.xml:6556
+#: freeculture.xml:6707

 msgid ""
 "The power to establish <quote>creative property</quote> rights is granted to "
 "Congress in a way that, for our Constitution, at least, is very odd. Article "
 msgid ""
 "The power to establish <quote>creative property</quote> rights is granted to "
 "Congress in a way that, for our Constitution, at least, is very odd. Article "


@@ -8911,7 +9527,7 @@ msgstr ""
 
 #.  PAGE BREAK 142 
 #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><section><para>
 
 #.  PAGE BREAK 142 
 #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><section><para>

-#: freeculture.xml:6561
+#: freeculture.xml:6712

 msgid ""
 "Congress has the power to promote the Progress of Science and useful Arts, "
 "by securing for limited Times to Authors and Inventors the exclusive Right "
 msgid ""
 "Congress has the power to promote the Progress of Science and useful Arts, "
 "by securing for limited Times to Authors and Inventors the exclusive Right "


@@ -8925,7 +9541,7 @@ msgid ""
 msgstr ""
 
 #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><section><para>
 msgstr ""
 
 #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><section><para>

-#: freeculture.xml:6574
+#: freeculture.xml:6725

 msgid ""
 "The Progress Clause expressly limits the term of copyrights. As we saw in "
 "chapter <xref xrefstyle=\"select: labelnumber\" linkend=\"founders\"/>, the "
 msgid ""
 "The Progress Clause expressly limits the term of copyrights. As we saw in "
 "chapter <xref xrefstyle=\"select: labelnumber\" linkend=\"founders\"/>, the "


@@ -8938,7 +9554,7 @@ msgid ""
 msgstr ""
 
 #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><section><para>
 msgstr ""
 
 #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><section><para>

-#: freeculture.xml:6584
+#: freeculture.xml:6735

 msgid ""
 "The design of the Progress Clause reflects something about the "
 "Constitution's design in general. To avoid a problem, the framers built "
 msgid ""
 "The design of the Progress Clause reflects something about the "
 "Constitution's design in general. To avoid a problem, the framers built "


@@ -8955,7 +9571,7 @@ msgid ""
 msgstr ""
 
 #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><section><para>
 msgstr ""
 
 #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><section><para>

-#: freeculture.xml:6599
+#: freeculture.xml:6750

 msgid ""
 "I doubt the framers would recognize the regulation we call "
 "<quote>copyright</quote> today. The scope of that regulation is far beyond "
 msgid ""
 "I doubt the framers would recognize the regulation we call "
 "<quote>copyright</quote> today. The scope of that regulation is far beyond "


@@ -8966,7 +9582,7 @@ msgstr ""
 
 #.  PAGE BREAK 143 
 #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><section><para>
 
 #.  PAGE BREAK 143 
 #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><section><para>

-#: freeculture.xml:6606
+#: freeculture.xml:6757

 msgid ""
 "Some of these changes come from the law: some in light of changes in "
 "technology, and some in light of changes in technology given a particular "
 msgid ""
 "Some of these changes come from the law: some in light of changes in "
 "technology, and some in light of changes in technology given a particular "


@@ -8974,38 +9590,38 @@ msgid ""
 msgstr ""
 
 #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><section><para>
 msgstr ""
 
 #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><section><para>

-#: freeculture.xml:6617
+#: freeculture.xml:6768

 msgid "We will end here:"
 msgstr ""
 
 #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><section><figure><title>
 msgid "We will end here:"
 msgstr ""
 
 #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><section><figure><title>

-#: freeculture.xml:6620
+#: freeculture.xml:6771

 msgid "<quote>Copyright</quote> today."
 msgstr ""
 
 #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><section><figure>
 msgid "<quote>Copyright</quote> today."
 msgstr ""
 
 #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><section><figure>

-#: freeculture.xml:6621
+#: freeculture.xml:6772

 msgid "<graphic fileref=\"images/1442.png\"></graphic>"
 msgstr ""
 
 #.  PAGE BREAK 144 
 #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><section><para>
 msgid "<graphic fileref=\"images/1442.png\"></graphic>"
 msgstr ""
 
 #.  PAGE BREAK 144 
 #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><section><para>

-#: freeculture.xml:6624
+#: freeculture.xml:6775

 msgid "Let me explain how."
 msgstr ""
 
 #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><section><title>
 msgid "Let me explain how."
 msgstr ""
 
 #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><section><title>

-#: freeculture.xml:6629
+#: freeculture.xml:6780

 msgid "Law: Duration"
 msgstr ""
 
 #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><section><para><footnote><para><indexterm><primary>
 msgid "Law: Duration"
 msgstr ""
 
 #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><section><para><footnote><para><indexterm><primary>

-#: freeculture.xml:6645
+#: freeculture.xml:6796

 msgid "Crosskey, William W."
 msgstr ""
 
 #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><section><para><footnote><para>
 msgid "Crosskey, William W."
 msgstr ""
 
 #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><section><para><footnote><para>

-#: freeculture.xml:6639
+#: freeculture.xml:6790

 msgid ""
 "William W. Crosskey, <citetitle>Politics and the Constitution in the History "
 "of the United States</citetitle> (London: Cambridge University Press, 1953), "
 msgid ""
 "William W. Crosskey, <citetitle>Politics and the Constitution in the History "
 "of the United States</citetitle> (London: Cambridge University Press, 1953), "


@@ -9016,7 +9632,7 @@ msgid ""
 msgstr ""
 
 #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><section><para>
 msgstr ""
 
 #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><section><para>

-#: freeculture.xml:6631
+#: freeculture.xml:6782

 msgid ""
 "When the first Congress enacted laws to protect creative property, it faced "
 "the same uncertainty about the status of creative property that the English "
 msgid ""
 "When the first Congress enacted laws to protect creative property, it faced "
 "the same uncertainty about the status of creative property that the English "


@@ -9032,7 +9648,7 @@ msgid ""
 msgstr ""
 
 #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><section><para>
 msgstr ""
 
 #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><section><para>

-#: freeculture.xml:6655
+#: freeculture.xml:6806

 msgid ""
 "That uncertainty ended after Congress passed legislation granting "
 "copyrights. Because federal law overrides any contrary state law, federal "
 msgid ""
 "That uncertainty ended after Congress passed legislation granting "
 "copyrights. Because federal law overrides any contrary state law, federal "


@@ -9043,7 +9659,7 @@ msgid ""
 msgstr ""
 
 #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><section><para>
 msgstr ""
 
 #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><section><para>

-#: freeculture.xml:6663
+#: freeculture.xml:6814

 msgid ""
 "In 1790, Congress enacted the first copyright law. It created a federal "
 "copyright and secured that copyright for fourteen years. If the author was "
 msgid ""
 "In 1790, Congress enacted the first copyright law. It created a federal "
 "copyright and secured that copyright for fourteen years. If the author was "


@@ -9054,7 +9670,7 @@ msgstr ""
 
 #.  f9 
 #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><section><para><footnote><para>
 
 #.  f9 
 #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><section><para><footnote><para>

-#: freeculture.xml:6678
+#: freeculture.xml:6829

 msgid ""
 "Although 13,000 titles were published in the United States from 1790 to "
 "1799, only 556 copyright registrations were filed; John Tebbel, <citetitle>A "
 msgid ""
 "Although 13,000 titles were published in the United States from 1790 to "
 "1799, only 556 copyright registrations were filed; John Tebbel, <citetitle>A "


@@ -9073,7 +9689,7 @@ msgid ""
 msgstr ""
 
 #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><section><para>
 msgstr ""
 
 #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><section><para>

-#: freeculture.xml:6670
+#: freeculture.xml:6821

 msgid ""
 "While there were many works created in the United States in the first ten "
 "years of the Republic, only 5 percent of the works were actually registered "
 msgid ""
 "While there were many works created in the United States in the first ten "
 "years of the Republic, only 5 percent of the works were actually registered "


@@ -9086,7 +9702,7 @@ msgstr ""
 
 #.  PAGE BREAK 145 
 #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><section><para>
 
 #.  PAGE BREAK 145 
 #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><section><para>

-#: freeculture.xml:6694
+#: freeculture.xml:6845

 msgid ""
 "This system of renewal was a crucial part of the American system of "
 "copyright. It assured that the maximum terms of copyright would be granted "
 msgid ""
 "This system of renewal was a crucial part of the American system of "
 "copyright. It assured that the maximum terms of copyright would be granted "


@@ -9097,7 +9713,7 @@ msgstr ""
 
 #.  f10 
 #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><section><para><footnote><para>
 
 #.  f10 
 #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><section><para><footnote><para>

-#: freeculture.xml:6709
+#: freeculture.xml:6860

 msgid ""
 "Few copyright holders ever chose to renew their copyrights. For instance, of "
 "the 25,006 copyrights registered in 1883, only 894 were renewed in 1910. For "
 msgid ""
 "Few copyright holders ever chose to renew their copyrights. For instance, of "
 "the 25,006 copyrights registered in 1883, only 894 were renewed in 1910. For "


@@ -9111,7 +9727,7 @@ msgid ""
 msgstr ""
 
 #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><section><para>
 msgstr ""
 
 #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><section><para>

-#: freeculture.xml:6703
+#: freeculture.xml:6854

 msgid ""
 "Fourteen years may not seem long to us, but for the vast majority of "
 "copyright owners at that time, it was long enough: Only a small minority of "
 msgid ""
 "Fourteen years may not seem long to us, but for the vast majority of "
 "copyright owners at that time, it was long enough: Only a small minority of "


@@ -9122,12 +9738,12 @@ msgstr ""
 
 #.  f11 
 #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><section><para><footnote><para>
 
 #.  f11 
 #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><section><para><footnote><para>

-#: freeculture.xml:6724
+#: freeculture.xml:6877

 msgid "See Ringer, ch. 9, n. 2."
 msgstr ""
 
 #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><section><para>
 msgid "See Ringer, ch. 9, n. 2."
 msgstr ""
 
 #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><section><para>

-#: freeculture.xml:6720
+#: freeculture.xml:6873

 msgid ""
 "Even today, this structure would make sense. Most creative work has an "
 "actual commercial life of just a couple of years. Most books fall out of "
 msgid ""
 "Even today, this structure would make sense. Most creative work has an "
 "actual commercial life of just a couple of years. Most books fall out of "


@@ -9140,7 +9756,7 @@ msgid ""
 msgstr ""
 
 #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><section><para>
 msgstr ""
 
 #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><section><para>

-#: freeculture.xml:6732
+#: freeculture.xml:6885

 msgid ""
 "In the first hundred years of the Republic, the term of copyright was "
 "changed once. In 1831, the term was increased from a maximum of 28 years to "
 msgid ""
 "In the first hundred years of the Republic, the term of copyright was "
 "changed once. In 1831, the term was increased from a maximum of 28 years to "


@@ -9151,7 +9767,7 @@ msgid ""
 msgstr ""
 
 #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><section><para>
 msgstr ""
 
 #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><section><para>

-#: freeculture.xml:6740
+#: freeculture.xml:6893

 msgid ""
 "Then, beginning in 1962, Congress started a practice that has defined "
 "copyright law since. Eleven times in the last forty years, Congress has "
 msgid ""
 "Then, beginning in 1962, Congress started a practice that has defined "
 "copyright law since. Eleven times in the last forty years, Congress has "


@@ -9165,7 +9781,7 @@ msgstr ""
 
 #.  PAGE BREAK 146 
 #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><section><para>
 
 #.  PAGE BREAK 146 
 #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><section><para>

-#: freeculture.xml:6750
+#: freeculture.xml:6903

 msgid ""
 "The effect of these extensions is simply to toll, or delay, the passing of "
 "works into the public domain. This latest extension means that the public "
 msgid ""
 "The effect of these extensions is simply to toll, or delay, the passing of "
 "works into the public domain. This latest extension means that the public "


@@ -9177,7 +9793,7 @@ msgid ""
 msgstr ""
 
 #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><section><para>
 msgstr ""
 
 #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><section><para>

-#: freeculture.xml:6761
+#: freeculture.xml:6914

 msgid ""
 "The effect of these extensions has been exacerbated by another, "
 "little-noticed change in the copyright law. Remember I said that the framers "
 msgid ""
 "The effect of these extensions has been exacerbated by another, "
 "little-noticed change in the copyright law. Remember I said that the framers "


@@ -9189,7 +9805,7 @@ msgid ""
 msgstr ""
 
 #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><section><para>
 msgstr ""
 
 #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><section><para>

-#: freeculture.xml:6771
+#: freeculture.xml:6924

 msgid ""
 "The United States abandoned this sensible system in 1976. For all works "
 "created after 1978, there was only one copyright term&mdash;the maximum "
 msgid ""
 "The United States abandoned this sensible system in 1976. For all works "
 "created after 1978, there was only one copyright term&mdash;the maximum "


@@ -9201,7 +9817,7 @@ msgid ""
 msgstr ""
 
 #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><section><para>
 msgstr ""
 
 #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><section><para>

-#: freeculture.xml:6781
+#: freeculture.xml:6934

 msgid ""
 "This change meant that American law no longer had an automatic way to assure "
 "that works that were no longer exploited passed into the public domain. And "
 msgid ""
 "This change meant that American law no longer had an automatic way to assure "
 "that works that were no longer exploited passed into the public domain. And "


@@ -9213,7 +9829,7 @@ msgstr ""
 
 #.  f12 
 #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><section><para><footnote><para>
 
 #.  f12 
 #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><section><para><footnote><para>

-#: freeculture.xml:6798
+#: freeculture.xml:6951

 msgid ""
 "These statistics are understated. Between the years 1910 and 1962 (the first "
 "year the renewal term was extended), the average term was never more than "
 msgid ""
 "These statistics are understated. Between the years 1910 and 1962 (the first "
 "year the renewal term was extended), the average term was never more than "


@@ -9222,7 +9838,7 @@ msgid ""
 msgstr ""
 
 #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><section><para>
 msgstr ""
 
 #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><section><para>

-#: freeculture.xml:6790
+#: freeculture.xml:6943

 msgid ""
 "The effect of these changes on the average duration of copyright is "
 "dramatic. In 1973, more than 85 percent of copyright owners failed to renew "
 msgid ""
 "The effect of these changes on the average duration of copyright is "
 "dramatic. In 1973, more than 85 percent of copyright owners failed to renew "


@@ -9234,12 +9850,12 @@ msgid ""
 msgstr ""
 
 #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><section><title>
 msgstr ""
 
 #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><section><title>

-#: freeculture.xml:6807
+#: freeculture.xml:6960

 msgid "Law: Scope"
 msgstr ""
 
 #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><section><para>
 msgid "Law: Scope"
 msgstr ""
 
 #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><section><para>

-#: freeculture.xml:6809
+#: freeculture.xml:6962

 msgid ""
 "The <quote>scope</quote> of a copyright is the range of rights granted by "
 "the law.  The scope of American copyright has changed dramatically. Those "
 msgid ""
 "The <quote>scope</quote> of a copyright is the range of rights granted by "
 "the law.  The scope of American copyright has changed dramatically. Those "


@@ -9248,7 +9864,7 @@ msgid ""
 msgstr ""
 
 #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><section><para>
 msgstr ""
 
 #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><section><para>

-#: freeculture.xml:6815
+#: freeculture.xml:6968

 msgid ""
 "In 1790, that scope was very narrow. Copyright covered only <quote>maps, "
 "charts, and books.</quote> That means it didn't cover, for example, music or "
 msgid ""
 "In 1790, that scope was very narrow. Copyright covered only <quote>maps, "
 "charts, and books.</quote> That means it didn't cover, for example, music or "


@@ -9264,7 +9880,7 @@ msgid ""
 msgstr ""
 
 #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><section><para>
 msgstr ""
 
 #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><section><para>

-#: freeculture.xml:6828
+#: freeculture.xml:6981

 msgid ""
 "This, too, has changed dramatically. While the contours of copyright today "
 "are extremely hard to describe simply, in general terms, the right covers "
 msgid ""
 "This, too, has changed dramatically. While the contours of copyright today "
 "are extremely hard to describe simply, in general terms, the right covers "


@@ -9282,7 +9898,7 @@ msgstr ""
 
 #.  PAGE BREAK 148 
 #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><section><para>
 
 #.  PAGE BREAK 148 
 #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><section><para>

-#: freeculture.xml:6843
+#: freeculture.xml:6996

 msgid ""
 "At the same time that the scope of copyright has expanded, procedural "
 "limitations on the right have been relaxed. I've already described the "
 msgid ""
 "At the same time that the scope of copyright has expanded, procedural "
 "limitations on the right have been relaxed. I've already described the "


@@ -9297,7 +9913,7 @@ msgid ""
 msgstr ""
 
 #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><section><para>
 msgstr ""
 
 #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><section><para>

-#: freeculture.xml:6857
+#: freeculture.xml:7010

 msgid ""
 "The reason for the registration requirement was the sensible understanding "
 "that for most works, no copyright was required. Again, in the first ten "
 msgid ""
 "The reason for the registration requirement was the sensible understanding "
 "that for most works, no copyright was required. Again, in the first ten "


@@ -9313,7 +9929,7 @@ msgid ""
 msgstr ""
 
 #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><section><para>
 msgstr ""
 
 #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><section><para>

-#: freeculture.xml:6871
+#: freeculture.xml:7024

 msgid ""
 "All of these <quote>formalities</quote> were abolished in the American "
 "system when we decided to follow European copyright law. There is no "
 msgid ""
 "All of these <quote>formalities</quote> were abolished in the American "
 "system when we decided to follow European copyright law. There is no "


@@ -9324,13 +9940,13 @@ msgid ""
 msgstr ""
 
 #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><section><para>
 msgstr ""
 
 #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><section><para>

-#: freeculture.xml:6879
+#: freeculture.xml:7032

 msgid "Consider a practical example to understand the scope of these differences."
 msgstr ""
 
 #.  f13 
 #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><section><para><footnote><para>
 msgid "Consider a practical example to understand the scope of these differences."
 msgstr ""
 
 #.  f13 
 #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><section><para><footnote><para>

-#: freeculture.xml:6890
+#: freeculture.xml:7043

 msgid ""
 "See Thomas Bender and David Sampliner, <quote>Poets, Pirates, and the "
 "Creation of American Literature,</quote> 29 <citetitle>New York University "
 msgid ""
 "See Thomas Bender and David Sampliner, <quote>Poets, Pirates, and the "
 "Creation of American Literature,</quote> 29 <citetitle>New York University "


@@ -9340,7 +9956,7 @@ msgid ""
 msgstr ""
 
 #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><section><para>
 msgstr ""
 
 #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><section><para>

-#: freeculture.xml:6883
+#: freeculture.xml:7036

 msgid ""
 "If, in 1790, you wrote a book and you were one of the 5 percent who actually "
 "copyrighted that book, then the copyright law protected you against another "
 msgid ""
 "If, in 1790, you wrote a book and you were one of the 5 percent who actually "
 "copyrighted that book, then the copyright law protected you against another "


@@ -9354,7 +9970,7 @@ msgstr ""
 
 #.  PAGE BREAK 149 
 #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><section><para>
 
 #.  PAGE BREAK 149 
 #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><section><para>

-#: freeculture.xml:6902
+#: freeculture.xml:7055

 msgid ""
 "The act left other creators totally unregulated. If I copied your poem by "
 "hand, over and over again, as a way to learn it by heart, my act was totally "
 msgid ""
 "The act left other creators totally unregulated. If I copied your poem by "
 "hand, over and over again, as a way to learn it by heart, my act was totally "


@@ -9365,7 +9981,7 @@ msgid ""
 msgstr ""
 
 #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><section><para>
 msgstr ""
 
 #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><section><para>

-#: freeculture.xml:6911
+#: freeculture.xml:7064

 msgid ""
 "Today the story is very different: If you write a book, your book is "
 "automatically protected. Indeed, not just your book. Every e-mail, every "
 msgid ""
 "Today the story is very different: If you write a book, your book is "
 "automatically protected. Indeed, not just your book. Every e-mail, every "


@@ -9376,7 +9992,7 @@ msgid ""
 msgstr ""
 
 #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><section><para>
 msgstr ""
 
 #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><section><para>

-#: freeculture.xml:6920
+#: freeculture.xml:7073

 msgid ""
 "That protection gives you the right (subject to a narrow range of fair use "
 "exceptions) to control how others copy the work, whether they copy it to "
 msgid ""
 "That protection gives you the right (subject to a narrow range of fair use "
 "exceptions) to control how others copy the work, whether they copy it to "


@@ -9384,7 +10000,7 @@ msgid ""
 msgstr ""
 
 #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><section><para>
 msgstr ""
 
 #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><section><para>

-#: freeculture.xml:6925
+#: freeculture.xml:7078

 msgid ""
 "That much is the obvious part. Any system of copyright would control "
 "competing publishing. But there's a second part to the copyright of today "
 msgid ""
 "That much is the obvious part. Any system of copyright would control "
 "competing publishing. But there's a second part to the copyright of today "


@@ -9399,7 +10015,7 @@ msgid ""
 msgstr ""
 
 #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><section><para>
 msgstr ""
 
 #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><section><para>

-#: freeculture.xml:6939
+#: freeculture.xml:7092

 msgid ""
 "It is this derivative right that would seem most bizarre to our framers, "
 "though it has become second nature to us. Initially, this expansion was "
 msgid ""
 "It is this derivative right that would seem most bizarre to our framers, "
 "though it has become second nature to us. Initially, this expansion was "


@@ -9411,7 +10027,7 @@ msgid ""
 msgstr ""
 
 #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><section><para><footnote><para>
 msgstr ""
 
 #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><section><para><footnote><para>

-#: freeculture.xml:6961
+#: freeculture.xml:7114

 msgid ""
 "Jonathan Zittrain, <quote>The Copyright Cage,</quote> <citetitle>Legal "
 "Affairs</citetitle>, July/August 2003, available at <ulink "
 msgid ""
 "Jonathan Zittrain, <quote>The Copyright Cage,</quote> <citetitle>Legal "
 "Affairs</citetitle>, July/August 2003, available at <ulink "


@@ -9420,7 +10036,7 @@ msgid ""
 msgstr ""
 
 #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><section><para>
 msgstr ""
 
 #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><section><para>

-#: freeculture.xml:6951
+#: freeculture.xml:7104

 msgid ""
 "In preventing that joke, the law created an astonishing power within a free "
 "culture&mdash;at least, it's astonishing when you understand that the law "
 msgid ""
 "In preventing that joke, the law created an astonishing power within a free "
 "culture&mdash;at least, it's astonishing when you understand that the law "


@@ -9435,12 +10051,12 @@ msgid ""
 msgstr ""
 
 #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><section><para><footnote><para><indexterm><primary>
 msgstr ""
 
 #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><section><para><footnote><para><indexterm><primary>

-#: freeculture.xml:6983
+#: freeculture.xml:7136

 msgid "Rubenfeld, Jeb"
 msgstr ""
 
 #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><section><para><footnote><para>
 msgid "Rubenfeld, Jeb"
 msgstr ""
 
 #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><section><para><footnote><para>

-#: freeculture.xml:6976
+#: freeculture.xml:7129

 msgid ""
 "Professor Rubenfeld has presented a powerful constitutional argument about "
 "the difference that copyright law should draw (from the perspective of the "
 msgid ""
 "Professor Rubenfeld has presented a powerful constitutional argument about "
 "the difference that copyright law should draw (from the perspective of the "


@@ -9452,7 +10068,7 @@ msgid ""
 msgstr ""
 
 #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><section><para>
 msgstr ""
 
 #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><section><para>

-#: freeculture.xml:6971
+#: freeculture.xml:7124

 msgid ""
 "Yet copyright law treats these two different wrongs in the same way. I can "
 "go to court and get an injunction against your pirating my book. I can go to "
 msgid ""
 "Yet copyright law treats these two different wrongs in the same way. I can "
 "go to court and get an injunction against your pirating my book. I can go to "


@@ -9462,7 +10078,7 @@ msgid ""
 msgstr ""
 
 #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><section><para>
 msgstr ""
 
 #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><section><para>

-#: freeculture.xml:6988
+#: freeculture.xml:7143

 msgid ""
 "This again may seem right to you. If I wrote a book, then why should you be "
 "able to write a movie that takes my story and makes money from it without "
 msgid ""
 "This again may seem right to you. If I wrote a book, then why should you be "
 "able to write a movie that takes my story and makes money from it without "


@@ -9472,7 +10088,7 @@ msgid ""
 msgstr ""
 
 #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><section><para>
 msgstr ""
 
 #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><section><para>

-#: freeculture.xml:6996
+#: freeculture.xml:7151

 msgid ""
 "These are good arguments, and, in general, my point is not that the "
 "derivative right is unjustified. My aim just now is much narrower: simply to "
 msgid ""
 "These are good arguments, and, in general, my point is not that the "
 "derivative right is unjustified. My aim just now is much narrower: simply to "


@@ -9481,13 +10097,13 @@ msgid ""
 msgstr ""
 
 #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><section><title>
 msgstr ""
 
 #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><section><title>

-#: freeculture.xml:7003
+#: freeculture.xml:7158

 msgid "Law and Architecture: Reach"
 msgstr ""
 
 #.  f16 
 #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><section><para><footnote><para>
 msgid "Law and Architecture: Reach"
 msgstr ""
 
 #.  f16 
 #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><section><para><footnote><para>

-#: freeculture.xml:7010
+#: freeculture.xml:7165

 msgid ""
 "This is a simplification of the law, but not much of one. The law certainly "
 "regulates more than <quote>copies</quote>&mdash;a public performance of a "
 msgid ""
 "This is a simplification of the law, but not much of one. The law certainly "
 "regulates more than <quote>copies</quote>&mdash;a public performance of a "


@@ -9501,7 +10117,7 @@ msgid ""
 msgstr ""
 
 #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><section><para>
 msgstr ""
 
 #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><section><para>

-#: freeculture.xml:7005
+#: freeculture.xml:7160

 msgid ""
 "Whereas originally the law regulated only publishers, the change in "
 "copyright's scope means that the law today regulates publishers, users, and "
 msgid ""
 "Whereas originally the law regulated only publishers, the change in "
 "copyright's scope means that the law today regulates publishers, users, and "


@@ -9512,7 +10128,7 @@ msgstr ""
 
 #.  PAGE BREAK 151 
 #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><section><para>
 
 #.  PAGE BREAK 151 
 #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><section><para>

-#: freeculture.xml:7022
+#: freeculture.xml:7177

 msgid ""
 "<quote>Copies.</quote> That certainly sounds like the obvious thing for "
 "<emphasis>copy</emphasis>right law to regulate. But as with Jack Valenti's "
 msgid ""
 "<quote>Copies.</quote> That certainly sounds like the obvious thing for "
 "<emphasis>copy</emphasis>right law to regulate. But as with Jack Valenti's "


@@ -9528,7 +10144,7 @@ msgstr ""
 
 #.  f17 
 #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><section><para><footnote><para>
 
 #.  f17 
 #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><section><para><footnote><para>

-#: freeculture.xml:7040
+#: freeculture.xml:7195

 msgid ""
 "Thus, my argument is not that in each place that copyright law extends, we "
 "should repeal it. It is instead that we should have a good argument for its "
 msgid ""
 "Thus, my argument is not that in each place that copyright law extends, we "
 "should repeal it. It is instead that we should have a good argument for its "


@@ -9537,7 +10153,7 @@ msgid ""
 msgstr ""
 
 #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><section><para>
 msgstr ""
 
 #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><section><para>

-#: freeculture.xml:7035
+#: freeculture.xml:7190

 msgid ""
 "This is perhaps the central claim of this book, so let me take this very "
 "slowly so that the point is not easily missed. My claim is that the Internet "
 msgid ""
 "This is perhaps the central claim of this book, so let me take this very "
 "slowly so that the point is not easily missed. My claim is that the Internet "


@@ -9549,25 +10165,30 @@ msgid ""
 msgstr ""
 
 #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><section><para>
 msgstr ""
 
 #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><section><para>

-#: freeculture.xml:7051
+#: freeculture.xml:7206

 msgid ""
 "We can see this point abstractly by beginning with this largely empty "
 "circle."
 msgstr ""
 
 #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><section><figure><title>
 msgid ""
 "We can see this point abstractly by beginning with this largely empty "
 "circle."
 msgstr ""
 
 #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><section><figure><title>

-#: freeculture.xml:7055
+#: freeculture.xml:7210

 msgid "All potential uses of a book."
 msgstr ""
 
 #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><section><figure>
 msgid "All potential uses of a book."
 msgstr ""
 
 #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><section><figure>

-#: freeculture.xml:7056
+#: freeculture.xml:7211

 msgid "<graphic fileref=\"images/1521.png\"></graphic>"
 msgstr ""
 
 msgid "<graphic fileref=\"images/1521.png\"></graphic>"
 msgstr ""
 

+#. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><section><indexterm><secondary>
+#: freeculture.xml:7213
+msgid "three types of uses of"
+msgstr ""
+

 #.  PAGE BREAK 152 
 #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><section><para>
 #.  PAGE BREAK 152 
 #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><section><para>

-#: freeculture.xml:7060
+#: freeculture.xml:7216

 msgid ""
 "Think about a book in real space, and imagine this circle to represent all "
 "its potential <emphasis>uses</emphasis>. Most of these uses are unregulated "
 msgid ""
 "Think about a book in real space, and imagine this circle to represent all "
 "its potential <emphasis>uses</emphasis>. Most of these uses are unregulated "


@@ -9582,17 +10203,17 @@ msgid ""
 msgstr ""
 
 #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><section><figure><title>
 msgstr ""
 
 #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><section><figure><title>

-#: freeculture.xml:7073
+#: freeculture.xml:7229

 msgid "Examples of unregulated uses of a book."
 msgstr ""
 
 #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><section><figure>
 msgid "Examples of unregulated uses of a book."
 msgstr ""
 
 #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><section><figure>

-#: freeculture.xml:7074
+#: freeculture.xml:7230

 msgid "<graphic fileref=\"images/1531.png\"></graphic>"
 msgstr ""
 
 #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><section><para>
 msgid "<graphic fileref=\"images/1531.png\"></graphic>"
 msgstr ""
 
 #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><section><para>

-#: freeculture.xml:7077
+#: freeculture.xml:7233

 msgid ""
 "Obviously, however, some uses of a copyrighted book are regulated by "
 "copyright law. Republishing the book, for example, makes a copy. It is "
 msgid ""
 "Obviously, however, some uses of a copyrighted book are regulated by "
 "copyright law. Republishing the book, for example, makes a copy. It is "


@@ -9603,26 +10224,26 @@ msgid ""
 msgstr ""
 
 #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><section><para>
 msgstr ""
 
 #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><section><para>

-#: freeculture.xml:7085
+#: freeculture.xml:7241

 msgid ""
 "Finally, there is a tiny sliver of otherwise regulated copying uses that "
 "remain unregulated because the law considers these <quote>fair uses.</quote>"
 msgstr ""
 
 #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><section><figure><title>
 msgid ""
 "Finally, there is a tiny sliver of otherwise regulated copying uses that "
 "remain unregulated because the law considers these <quote>fair uses.</quote>"
 msgstr ""
 
 #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><section><figure><title>

-#: freeculture.xml:7090
+#: freeculture.xml:7246

 msgid ""
 "Republishing stands at the core of this circle of possible uses of a "
 "copyrighted work."
 msgstr ""
 
 #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><section><figure>
 msgid ""
 "Republishing stands at the core of this circle of possible uses of a "
 "copyrighted work."
 msgstr ""
 
 #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><section><figure>

-#: freeculture.xml:7091
+#: freeculture.xml:7247

 msgid "<graphic fileref=\"images/1541.png\"></graphic>"
 msgstr ""
 
 #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><section><para>
 msgid "<graphic fileref=\"images/1541.png\"></graphic>"
 msgstr ""
 
 #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><section><para>

-#: freeculture.xml:7094
+#: freeculture.xml:7250

 msgid ""
 "These are uses that themselves involve copying, but which the law treats as "
 "unregulated because public policy demands that they remain unregulated.  You "
 msgid ""
 "These are uses that themselves involve copying, but which the law treats as "
 "unregulated because public policy demands that they remain unregulated.  You "


@@ -9635,30 +10256,30 @@ msgid ""
 msgstr ""
 
 #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><section><figure><title>
 msgstr ""
 
 #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><section><figure><title>

-#: freeculture.xml:7104
+#: freeculture.xml:7260

 msgid "Unregulated copying considered <quote>fair uses.</quote>"
 msgstr ""
 
 #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><section><figure>
 msgid "Unregulated copying considered <quote>fair uses.</quote>"
 msgstr ""
 
 #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><section><figure>

-#: freeculture.xml:7105
+#: freeculture.xml:7261

 msgid "<graphic fileref=\"images/1542.png\"></graphic>"
 msgstr ""
 
 #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><section><figure><title>
 msgid "<graphic fileref=\"images/1542.png\"></graphic>"
 msgstr ""
 
 #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><section><figure><title>

-#: freeculture.xml:7109
+#: freeculture.xml:7265

 msgid ""
 "Uses that before were presumptively unregulated are now presumptively "
 "regulated."
 msgstr ""
 
 #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><section><figure>
 msgid ""
 "Uses that before were presumptively unregulated are now presumptively "
 "regulated."
 msgstr ""
 
 #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><section><figure>

-#: freeculture.xml:7110
+#: freeculture.xml:7266

 msgid "<graphic fileref=\"images/1551.png\"></graphic>"
 msgstr ""
 
 #.  PAGE BREAK 154 
 #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><section><para>
 msgid "<graphic fileref=\"images/1551.png\"></graphic>"
 msgstr ""
 
 #.  PAGE BREAK 154 
 #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><section><para>

-#: freeculture.xml:7114
+#: freeculture.xml:7270

 msgid ""
 "In real space, then, the possible uses of a book are divided into three "
 "sorts: (1) unregulated uses, (2) regulated uses, and (3) regulated uses that "
 msgid ""
 "In real space, then, the possible uses of a book are divided into three "
 "sorts: (1) unregulated uses, (2) regulated uses, and (3) regulated uses that "


@@ -9666,9 +10287,14 @@ msgid ""
 "owner's views."
 msgstr ""
 
 "owner's views."
 msgstr ""
 

+#. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><section><indexterm><secondary>
+#: freeculture.xml:7275 freeculture.xml:7309 freeculture.xml:7518
+msgid "on Internet"
+msgstr ""
+

 #.  f18 
 #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><section><para><footnote><para>
 #.  f18 
 #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><section><para><footnote><para>

-#: freeculture.xml:7122
+#: freeculture.xml:7280

 msgid ""
 "I don't mean <quote>nature</quote> in the sense that it couldn't be "
 "different, but rather that its present instantiation entails a copy. Optical "
 msgid ""
 "I don't mean <quote>nature</quote> in the sense that it couldn't be "
 "different, but rather that its present instantiation entails a copy. Optical "


@@ -9678,7 +10304,7 @@ msgid ""
 msgstr ""
 
 #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><section><para>
 msgstr ""
 
 #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><section><para>

-#: freeculture.xml:7119
+#: freeculture.xml:7277

 msgid ""
 "Enter the Internet&mdash;a distributed, digital network where every use of a "
 "copyrighted work produces a copy.<placeholder type=\"footnote\" id=\"0\"/> "
 msgid ""
 "Enter the Internet&mdash;a distributed, digital network where every use of a "
 "copyrighted work produces a copy.<placeholder type=\"footnote\" id=\"0\"/> "


@@ -9695,7 +10321,7 @@ msgstr ""
 
 #.  PAGE BREAK 155 
 #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><section><para>
 
 #.  PAGE BREAK 155 
 #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><section><para>

-#: freeculture.xml:7140
+#: freeculture.xml:7298

 msgid ""
 "So let's be very specific to make this general point clear. Before the "
 "Internet, if you purchased a book and read it ten times, there would be no "
 msgid ""
 "So let's be very specific to make this general point clear. Before the "
 "Internet, if you purchased a book and read it ten times, there would be no "


@@ -9708,7 +10334,7 @@ msgid ""
 msgstr ""
 
 #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><section><para>
 msgstr ""
 
 #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><section><para>

-#: freeculture.xml:7152
+#: freeculture.xml:7311

 msgid ""
 "But the same book as an e-book is effectively governed by a different set of "
 "rules. Now if the copyright owner says you may read the book only once or "
 msgid ""
 "But the same book as an e-book is effectively governed by a different set of "
 "rules. Now if the copyright owner says you may read the book only once or "


@@ -9722,7 +10348,7 @@ msgid ""
 msgstr ""
 
 #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><section><para>
 msgstr ""
 
 #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><section><para>

-#: freeculture.xml:7164
+#: freeculture.xml:7323

 msgid ""
 "There are some people who think this makes perfect sense. My aim just now is "
 "not to argue about whether it makes sense or not. My aim is only to make "
 msgid ""
 "There are some people who think this makes perfect sense. My aim just now is "
 "not to argue about whether it makes sense or not. My aim is only to make "


@@ -9731,7 +10357,7 @@ msgid ""
 msgstr ""
 
 #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><section><para>
 msgstr ""
 
 #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><section><para>

-#: freeculture.xml:7170
+#: freeculture.xml:7329

 msgid ""
 "First, making category 1 disappear is not anything any policy maker ever "
 "intended. Congress did not think through the collapse of the presumptively "
 msgid ""
 "First, making category 1 disappear is not anything any policy maker ever "
 "intended. Congress did not think through the collapse of the presumptively "


@@ -9742,7 +10368,7 @@ msgid ""
 msgstr ""
 
 #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><section><para>
 msgstr ""
 
 #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><section><para>

-#: freeculture.xml:7178
+#: freeculture.xml:7337

 msgid ""
 "Second, this shift is especially troubling in the context of transformative "
 "uses of creative content. Again, we can all understand the wrong in "
 msgid ""
 "Second, this shift is especially troubling in the context of transformative "
 "uses of creative content. Again, we can all understand the wrong in "


@@ -9757,7 +10383,7 @@ msgstr ""
 
 #.  PAGE BREAK 156 
 #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><section><para>
 
 #.  PAGE BREAK 156 
 #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><section><para>

-#: freeculture.xml:7190
+#: freeculture.xml:7349

 msgid ""
 "Third, this shift from category 1 to category 2 puts an extraordinary burden "
 "on category 3 (<quote>fair use</quote>) that fair use never before had to "
 msgid ""
 "Third, this shift from category 1 to category 2 puts an extraordinary burden "
 "on category 3 (<quote>fair use</quote>) that fair use never before had to "


@@ -9771,7 +10397,7 @@ msgid ""
 msgstr ""
 
 #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><section><para>
 msgstr ""
 
 #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><section><para>

-#: freeculture.xml:7204
+#: freeculture.xml:7363

 msgid ""
 "This point about fair use is totally ignored, even by advocates for free "
 "culture. We have been cornered into arguing that our rights depend upon fair "
 msgid ""
 "This point about fair use is totally ignored, even by advocates for free "
 "culture. We have been cornered into arguing that our rights depend upon fair "


@@ -9783,7 +10409,7 @@ msgid ""
 msgstr ""
 
 #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><section><para>
 msgstr ""
 
 #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><section><para>

-#: freeculture.xml:7217
+#: freeculture.xml:7374

 msgid ""
 "The case of Video Pipeline is a good example. Video Pipeline was in the "
 "business of making <quote>trailer</quote> advertisements for movies "
 msgid ""
 "The case of Video Pipeline is a good example. Video Pipeline was in the "
 "business of making <quote>trailer</quote> advertisements for movies "


@@ -9792,8 +10418,13 @@ msgid ""
 "put the trailers on tape, and sold the tapes to the retail stores."
 msgstr ""
 
 "put the trailers on tape, and sold the tapes to the retail stores."
 msgstr ""
 

+#. type: Content of: <book><chapter><section><section><indexterm><primary>
+#: freeculture.xml:7380 freeculture.xml:7440 freeculture.xml:13476
+msgid "browsing"
+msgstr ""
+

 #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><section><para>
 #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><section><para>

-#: freeculture.xml:7224
+#: freeculture.xml:7382

 msgid ""
 "The company did this for about fifteen years. Then, in 1997, it began to "
 "think about the Internet as another way to distribute these previews.  The "
 msgid ""
 "The company did this for about fifteen years. Then, in 1997, it began to "
 "think about the Internet as another way to distribute these previews.  The "


@@ -9806,7 +10437,7 @@ msgstr ""
 
 #.  PAGE BREAK 157 
 #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><section><para>
 
 #.  PAGE BREAK 157 
 #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><section><para>

-#: freeculture.xml:7233
+#: freeculture.xml:7391

 msgid ""
 "In 1998, Video Pipeline informed Disney and other film distributors that it "
 "intended to distribute the trailers through the Internet (rather than "
 msgid ""
 "In 1998, Video Pipeline informed Disney and other film distributors that it "
 "intended to distribute the trailers through the Internet (rather than "


@@ -9822,7 +10453,7 @@ msgid ""
 msgstr ""
 
 #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><section><para>
 msgstr ""
 
 #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><section><para>

-#: freeculture.xml:7248
+#: freeculture.xml:7406

 msgid ""
 "Disney countersued&mdash;for $100 million in damages. Those damages were "
 "predicated upon a claim that Video Pipeline had <quote>willfully "
 msgid ""
 "Disney countersued&mdash;for $100 million in damages. Those damages were "
 "predicated upon a claim that Video Pipeline had <quote>willfully "


@@ -9835,7 +10466,7 @@ msgid ""
 msgstr ""
 
 #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><section><para>
 msgstr ""
 
 #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><section><para>

-#: freeculture.xml:7258
+#: freeculture.xml:7416

 msgid ""
 "Disney has the right to control its property, of course. But the video "
 "stores that were selling Disney's films also had some sort of right to be "
 msgid ""
 "Disney has the right to control its property, of course. But the video "
 "stores that were selling Disney's films also had some sort of right to be "


@@ -9847,7 +10478,7 @@ msgid ""
 msgstr ""
 
 #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><section><para>
 msgstr ""
 
 #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><section><para>

-#: freeculture.xml:7268
+#: freeculture.xml:7426

 msgid ""
 "Now, you might think this is a close case, and I think the courts would "
 "consider it a close case. My point here is to map the change that gives "
 msgid ""
 "Now, you might think this is a close case, and I think the courts would "
 "consider it a close case. My point here is to map the change that gives "


@@ -9863,13 +10494,13 @@ msgid ""
 msgstr ""
 
 #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><section><indexterm><primary>
 msgstr ""
 
 #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><section><indexterm><primary>

-#: freeculture.xml:7281
+#: freeculture.xml:7439

 msgid "Barnes &amp; Noble"
 msgstr ""
 
 #.  PAGE BREAK 158 
 #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><section><para>
 msgid "Barnes &amp; Noble"
 msgstr ""
 
 #.  PAGE BREAK 158 
 #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><section><para>

-#: freeculture.xml:7284
+#: freeculture.xml:7443

 msgid ""
 "No doubt, a potential is not yet an abuse, and so the potential for control "
 "is not yet the abuse of control. Barnes &amp; Noble has the right to say you "
 msgid ""
 "No doubt, a potential is not yet an abuse, and so the potential for control "
 "is not yet the abuse of control. Barnes &amp; Noble has the right to say you "


@@ -9886,7 +10517,7 @@ msgid ""
 msgstr ""
 
 #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><section><para>
 msgstr ""
 
 #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><section><para>

-#: freeculture.xml:7299
+#: freeculture.xml:7458

 msgid ""
 "Again, my aim so far is simply to map the changes that this changed "
 "architecture enables. Enabling technology to enforce the control of "
 msgid ""
 "Again, my aim so far is simply to map the changes that this changed "
 "architecture enables. Enabling technology to enforce the control of "


@@ -9897,12 +10528,12 @@ msgid ""
 msgstr ""
 
 #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><section><title>
 msgstr ""
 
 #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><section><title>

-#: freeculture.xml:7308
+#: freeculture.xml:7467

 msgid "Architecture and Law: Force"
 msgstr ""
 
 #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><section><para>
 msgid "Architecture and Law: Force"
 msgstr ""
 
 #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><section><para>

-#: freeculture.xml:7310
+#: freeculture.xml:7469

 msgid ""
 "The disappearance of unregulated uses would be change enough, but a second "
 "important change brought about by the Internet magnifies its "
 msgid ""
 "The disappearance of unregulated uses would be change enough, but a second "
 "important change brought about by the Internet magnifies its "


@@ -9911,7 +10542,7 @@ msgid ""
 msgstr ""
 
 #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><section><para>
 msgstr ""
 
 #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><section><para>

-#: freeculture.xml:7316
+#: freeculture.xml:7475

 msgid ""
 "In the world before digital technology, it was generally the law that "
 "controlled whether and how someone was regulated by copyright law.  The law, "
 msgid ""
 "In the world before digital technology, it was generally the law that "
 "controlled whether and how someone was regulated by copyright law.  The law, "


@@ -9921,18 +10552,18 @@ msgid ""
 msgstr ""
 
 #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><section><indexterm><primary>
 msgstr ""
 
 #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><section><indexterm><primary>

-#: freeculture.xml:7323
+#: freeculture.xml:7482

 msgid "Casablanca"
 msgstr ""
 
 msgid "Casablanca"
 msgstr ""
 

-#. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><section><para><indexterm><primary>
-#: freeculture.xml:7325 freeculture.xml:7504
+#. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><section><indexterm><primary>
+#: freeculture.xml:7483 freeculture.xml:7652

 msgid "Marx Brothers"
 msgstr ""
 
 #.  f19 
 #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><section><para><footnote><para>
 msgid "Marx Brothers"
 msgstr ""
 
 #.  f19 
 #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><section><para><footnote><para>

-#: freeculture.xml:7339
+#: freeculture.xml:7494

 msgid ""
 "See David Lange, <quote>Recognizing the Public Domain,</quote> "
 "<citetitle>Law and Contemporary Problems</citetitle> 44 (1981): "
 msgid ""
 "See David Lange, <quote>Recognizing the Public Domain,</quote> "
 "<citetitle>Law and Contemporary Problems</citetitle> 44 (1981): "


@@ -9940,7 +10571,7 @@ msgid ""
 msgstr ""
 
 #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><section><para>
 msgstr ""
 
 #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><section><para>

-#: freeculture.xml:7331
+#: freeculture.xml:7486

 msgid ""
 "There's a famous story about a battle between the Marx Brothers and Warner "
 "Brothers. The Marxes intended to make a parody of "
 msgid ""
 "There's a famous story about a battle between the Marx Brothers and Warner "
 "Brothers. The Marxes intended to make a parody of "


@@ -9951,15 +10582,14 @@ msgid ""
 msgstr ""
 
 #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><section><para><footnote><para>
 msgstr ""
 
 #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><section><para><footnote><para>

-#: freeculture.xml:7348
+#: freeculture.xml:7503

 msgid ""
 msgid ""

-"Ibid. See also Vaidhyanathan, <citetitle>Copyrights and "
-"Copywrongs</citetitle>, 1&ndash;3.  <placeholder type=\"indexterm\" "
-"id=\"0\"/>"
+"<placeholder type=\"indexterm\" id=\"0\"/> Ibid. See also Vaidhyanathan, "
+"<citetitle>Copyrights and Copywrongs</citetitle>, 1&ndash;3."

 msgstr ""
 
 #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><section><para>
 msgstr ""
 
 #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><section><para>

-#: freeculture.xml:7344
+#: freeculture.xml:7499

 msgid ""
 "This led the Marx Brothers to respond in kind. They warned Warner Brothers "
 "that the Marx Brothers <quote>were brothers long before you "
 msgid ""
 "This led the Marx Brothers to respond in kind. They warned Warner Brothers "
 "that the Marx Brothers <quote>were brothers long before you "


@@ -9971,7 +10601,7 @@ msgid ""
 msgstr ""
 
 #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><section><para>
 msgstr ""
 
 #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><section><para>

-#: freeculture.xml:7358
+#: freeculture.xml:7513

 msgid ""
 "An absurd and hollow threat, of course, because Warner Brothers, like the "
 "Marx Brothers, knew that no court would ever enforce such a silly "
 msgid ""
 "An absurd and hollow threat, of course, because Warner Brothers, like the "
 "Marx Brothers, knew that no court would ever enforce such a silly "


@@ -9980,7 +10610,7 @@ msgid ""
 msgstr ""
 
 #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><section><para>
 msgstr ""
 
 #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><section><para>

-#: freeculture.xml:7364
+#: freeculture.xml:7520

 msgid ""
 "On the Internet, however, there is no check on silly rules, because on the "
 "Internet, increasingly, rules are enforced not by a human but by a machine: "
 msgid ""
 "On the Internet, however, there is no check on silly rules, because on the "
 "Internet, increasingly, rules are enforced not by a human but by a machine: "


@@ -9992,17 +10622,17 @@ msgid ""
 msgstr ""
 
 #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><section><indexterm><primary>
 msgstr ""
 
 #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><section><indexterm><primary>

-#: freeculture.xml:7377
+#: freeculture.xml:7532

 msgid "Adobe eBook Reader"
 msgstr ""
 
 #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><section><para>
 msgid "Adobe eBook Reader"
 msgstr ""
 
 #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><section><para>

-#: freeculture.xml:7380
+#: freeculture.xml:7534

 msgid "Consider the life of my Adobe eBook Reader."
 msgstr ""
 
 #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><section><para>
 msgid "Consider the life of my Adobe eBook Reader."
 msgstr ""
 
 #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><section><para>

-#: freeculture.xml:7383
+#: freeculture.xml:7537

 msgid ""
 "An e-book is a book delivered in electronic form. An Adobe eBook is not a "
 "book that Adobe has published; Adobe simply produces the software that "
 msgid ""
 "An e-book is a book delivered in electronic form. An Adobe eBook is not a "
 "book that Adobe has published; Adobe simply produces the software that "


@@ -10011,13 +10641,13 @@ msgid ""
 msgstr ""
 
 #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><section><para>
 msgstr ""
 
 #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><section><para>

-#: freeculture.xml:7390
+#: freeculture.xml:7544

 msgid "On the next page is a picture of an old version of my Adobe eBook Reader."
 msgstr ""
 
 #.  PAGE BREAK 160 
 #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><section><para>
 msgid "On the next page is a picture of an old version of my Adobe eBook Reader."
 msgstr ""
 
 #.  PAGE BREAK 160 
 #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><section><para>

-#: freeculture.xml:7394
+#: freeculture.xml:7548

 msgid ""
 "As you can see, I have a small collection of e-books within this e-book "
 "library. Some of these books reproduce content that is in the public domain: "
 msgid ""
 "As you can see, I have a small collection of e-books within this e-book "
 "library. Some of these books reproduce content that is in the public domain: "


@@ -10030,35 +10660,35 @@ msgid ""
 msgstr ""
 
 #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><section><figure><title>
 msgstr ""
 
 #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><section><figure><title>

-#: freeculture.xml:7407
+#: freeculture.xml:7561

 msgid "Picture of an old version of Adobe eBook Reader"
 msgstr ""
 
 #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><section><figure>
 msgid "Picture of an old version of Adobe eBook Reader"
 msgstr ""
 
 #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><section><figure>

-#: freeculture.xml:7408
+#: freeculture.xml:7562

 msgid "<graphic fileref=\"images/1611.png\"></graphic>"
 msgstr ""
 
 #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><section><para>
 msgid "<graphic fileref=\"images/1611.png\"></graphic>"
 msgstr ""
 
 #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><section><para>

-#: freeculture.xml:7411
+#: freeculture.xml:7565

 msgid ""
 "If you click on the Permissions button, you'll see a list of the permissions "
 "that the publisher purports to grant with this book."
 msgstr ""
 
 #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><section><figure><title>
 msgid ""
 "If you click on the Permissions button, you'll see a list of the permissions "
 "that the publisher purports to grant with this book."
 msgstr ""
 
 #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><section><figure><title>

-#: freeculture.xml:7415
+#: freeculture.xml:7569

 msgid "List of the permissions that the publisher purports to grant."
 msgstr ""
 
 #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><section><figure>
 msgid "List of the permissions that the publisher purports to grant."
 msgstr ""
 
 #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><section><figure>

-#: freeculture.xml:7416
+#: freeculture.xml:7570

 msgid "<graphic fileref=\"images/1612.png\"></graphic>"
 msgstr ""
 
 #.  PAGE BREAK 161 
 #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><section><para>
 msgid "<graphic fileref=\"images/1612.png\"></graphic>"
 msgstr ""
 
 #.  PAGE BREAK 161 
 #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><section><para>

-#: freeculture.xml:7420
+#: freeculture.xml:7574

 msgid ""
 "According to my eBook Reader, I have the permission to copy to the clipboard "
 "of the computer ten text selections every ten days. (So far, I've copied no "
 msgid ""
 "According to my eBook Reader, I have the permission to copy to the clipboard "
 "of the computer ten text selections every ten days. (So far, I've copied no "


@@ -10068,76 +10698,75 @@ msgid ""
 "computer."
 msgstr ""
 
 "computer."
 msgstr ""
 

-#. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><section><para><indexterm><primary>
-#: freeculture.xml:7430
+#. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><section><indexterm><primary>
+#: freeculture.xml:7581

 msgid "Aristotle"
 msgstr ""
 
 msgid "Aristotle"
 msgstr ""
 

-#. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><section><para><indexterm><primary>
-#: freeculture.xml:7431
+#. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><section><indexterm><primary>
+#: freeculture.xml:7582

 msgid "<citetitle>Politics</citetitle>, (Aristotle)"
 msgstr ""
 
 #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><section><para>
 msgid "<citetitle>Politics</citetitle>, (Aristotle)"
 msgstr ""
 
 #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><section><para>

-#: freeculture.xml:7428
+#: freeculture.xml:7584

 msgid ""
 "Here's the e-book for another work in the public domain (including the "
 msgid ""
 "Here's the e-book for another work in the public domain (including the "

-"translation): Aristotle's <citetitle>Politics</citetitle>.  <placeholder "
-"type=\"indexterm\" id=\"0\"/> <placeholder type=\"indexterm\" id=\"1\"/>"
+"translation): Aristotle's <citetitle>Politics</citetitle>."

 msgstr ""
 
 #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><section><figure><title>
 msgstr ""
 
 #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><section><figure><title>

-#: freeculture.xml:7434
+#: freeculture.xml:7588

 msgid "E-book of Aristotle;s <quote>Politics</quote>"
 msgstr ""
 
 #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><section><figure>
 msgid "E-book of Aristotle;s <quote>Politics</quote>"
 msgstr ""
 
 #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><section><figure>

-#: freeculture.xml:7435
+#: freeculture.xml:7589

 msgid "<graphic fileref=\"images/1621.png\"></graphic>"
 msgstr ""
 
 #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><section><para>
 msgid "<graphic fileref=\"images/1621.png\"></graphic>"
 msgstr ""
 
 #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><section><para>

-#: freeculture.xml:7438
+#: freeculture.xml:7592

 msgid ""
 "According to its permissions, no printing or copying is permitted at "
 "all. But fortunately, you can use the Read Aloud button to hear the book."
 msgstr ""
 
 #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><section><figure><title>
 msgid ""
 "According to its permissions, no printing or copying is permitted at "
 "all. But fortunately, you can use the Read Aloud button to hear the book."
 msgstr ""
 
 #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><section><figure><title>

-#: freeculture.xml:7443
+#: freeculture.xml:7597

 msgid "List of the permissions for Aristotle;s <quote>Politics</quote>."
 msgstr ""
 
 #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><section><figure>
 msgid "List of the permissions for Aristotle;s <quote>Politics</quote>."
 msgstr ""
 
 #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><section><figure>

-#: freeculture.xml:7444
+#: freeculture.xml:7598

 msgid "<graphic fileref=\"images/1622.png\"></graphic>"
 msgstr ""
 
 #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><section><para>
 msgid "<graphic fileref=\"images/1622.png\"></graphic>"
 msgstr ""
 
 #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><section><para>

-#: freeculture.xml:7447
+#: freeculture.xml:7601

 msgid ""
 "Finally (and most embarrassingly), here are the permissions for the original "
 "e-book version of my last book, <citetitle>The Future of Ideas</citetitle>:"
 msgstr ""
 
 #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><section><figure><title>
 msgid ""
 "Finally (and most embarrassingly), here are the permissions for the original "
 "e-book version of my last book, <citetitle>The Future of Ideas</citetitle>:"
 msgstr ""
 
 #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><section><figure><title>

-#: freeculture.xml:7453
+#: freeculture.xml:7607

 msgid "List of the permissions for <quote>The Future of Ideas</quote>."
 msgstr ""
 
 #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><section><figure>
 msgid "List of the permissions for <quote>The Future of Ideas</quote>."
 msgstr ""
 
 #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><section><figure>

-#: freeculture.xml:7454
+#: freeculture.xml:7608

 msgid "<graphic fileref=\"images/1631.png\"></graphic>"
 msgstr ""
 
 #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><section><para>
 msgid "<graphic fileref=\"images/1631.png\"></graphic>"
 msgstr ""
 
 #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><section><para>

-#: freeculture.xml:7457
+#: freeculture.xml:7611

 msgid "No copying, no printing, and don't you dare try to listen to this book!"
 msgstr ""
 
 #.  f21 
 #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><section><para><footnote><para>
 msgid "No copying, no printing, and don't you dare try to listen to this book!"
 msgstr ""
 
 #.  f21 
 #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><section><para><footnote><para>

-#: freeculture.xml:7467
+#: freeculture.xml:7621

 msgid ""
 "In principle, a contract might impose a requirement on me. I might, for "
 "example, buy a book from you that includes a contract that says I will read "
 msgid ""
 "In principle, a contract might impose a requirement on me. I might, for "
 "example, buy a book from you that includes a contract that says I will read "


@@ -10148,7 +10777,7 @@ msgid ""
 msgstr ""
 
 #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><section><para>
 msgstr ""
 
 #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><section><para>

-#: freeculture.xml:7460
+#: freeculture.xml:7614

 msgid ""
 "Now, the Adobe eBook Reader calls these controls "
 "<quote>permissions</quote>&mdash; as if the publisher has the power to "
 msgid ""
 "Now, the Adobe eBook Reader calls these controls "
 "<quote>permissions</quote>&mdash; as if the publisher has the power to "


@@ -10163,7 +10792,7 @@ msgid ""
 msgstr ""
 
 #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><section><para>
 msgstr ""
 
 #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><section><para>

-#: freeculture.xml:7482
+#: freeculture.xml:7636

 msgid ""
 "The control comes instead from the code&mdash;from the technology within "
 "which the e-book <quote>lives.</quote> Though the e-book says that these are "
 msgid ""
 "The control comes instead from the code&mdash;from the technology within "
 "which the e-book <quote>lives.</quote> Though the e-book says that these are "


@@ -10181,17 +10810,18 @@ msgid ""
 "simply won't read aloud."
 msgstr ""
 
 "simply won't read aloud."
 msgstr ""
 

+#.  PAGE BREAK 163 

 #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><section><para>
 #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><section><para>

-#: freeculture.xml:7500
+#: freeculture.xml:7655

 msgid ""
 "These are <emphasis>controls</emphasis>, not permissions. Imagine a world "
 "where the Marx Brothers sold word processing software that, when you tried "
 "to type <quote>Warner Brothers,</quote> erased <quote>Brothers</quote> from "
 msgid ""
 "These are <emphasis>controls</emphasis>, not permissions. Imagine a world "
 "where the Marx Brothers sold word processing software that, when you tried "
 "to type <quote>Warner Brothers,</quote> erased <quote>Brothers</quote> from "

-"the sentence.  <placeholder type=\"indexterm\" id=\"0\"/>"
+"the sentence."

 msgstr ""
 
 #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><section><para>
 msgstr ""
 
 #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><section><para>

-#: freeculture.xml:7507
+#: freeculture.xml:7661

 msgid ""
 "This is the future of copyright law: not so much copyright "
 "<emphasis>law</emphasis> as copyright <emphasis>code</emphasis>. The "
 msgid ""
 "This is the future of copyright law: not so much copyright "
 "<emphasis>law</emphasis> as copyright <emphasis>code</emphasis>. The "


@@ -10203,7 +10833,7 @@ msgid ""
 msgstr ""
 
 #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><section><para>
 msgstr ""
 
 #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><section><para>

-#: freeculture.xml:7516
+#: freeculture.xml:7670

 msgid ""
 "How significant is this? Isn't it always possible to get around the controls "
 "built into the technology? Software used to be sold with technologies that "
 msgid ""
 "How significant is this? Isn't it always possible to get around the controls "
 "built into the technology? Software used to be sold with technologies that "


@@ -10213,40 +10843,39 @@ msgid ""
 msgstr ""
 
 #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><section><para>
 msgstr ""
 
 #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><section><para>

-#: freeculture.xml:7523
+#: freeculture.xml:7677

 msgid ""
 "We've only scratched the surface of this story. Return to the Adobe eBook "
 "Reader."
 msgstr ""
 
 msgid ""
 "We've only scratched the surface of this story. Return to the Adobe eBook "
 "Reader."
 msgstr ""
 

-#. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><section><para><indexterm><primary>
-#: freeculture.xml:7533
+#. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><section><indexterm><primary>
+#: freeculture.xml:7680

 msgid "Alice's Adventures in Wonderland (Carroll)"
 msgstr ""
 
 #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><section><para>
 msgid "Alice's Adventures in Wonderland (Carroll)"
 msgstr ""
 
 #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><section><para>

-#: freeculture.xml:7527
+#: freeculture.xml:7682

 msgid ""
 "Early in the life of the Adobe eBook Reader, Adobe suffered a public "
 "relations nightmare. Among the books that you could download for free on the "
 "Adobe site was a copy of <citetitle>Alice's Adventures in "
 "Wonderland</citetitle>.  This wonderful book is in the public domain. Yet "
 msgid ""
 "Early in the life of the Adobe eBook Reader, Adobe suffered a public "
 "relations nightmare. Among the books that you could download for free on the "
 "Adobe site was a copy of <citetitle>Alice's Adventures in "
 "Wonderland</citetitle>.  This wonderful book is in the public domain. Yet "

-"when you clicked on Permissions for that book, you got the following report: "
-"<placeholder type=\"indexterm\" id=\"0\"/>"
+"when you clicked on Permissions for that book, you got the following report:"

 msgstr ""
 
 #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><section><figure><title>
 msgstr ""
 
 #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><section><figure><title>

-#: freeculture.xml:7536
+#: freeculture.xml:7690

 msgid "List of the permissions for <quote>Alice's Adventures in Wonderland</quote>."
 msgstr ""
 
 #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><section><figure>
 msgid "List of the permissions for <quote>Alice's Adventures in Wonderland</quote>."
 msgstr ""
 
 #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><section><figure>

-#: freeculture.xml:7538
+#: freeculture.xml:7692

 msgid "<graphic fileref=\"images/1641.png\"></graphic>"
 msgstr ""
 
 #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><section><para>
 msgid "<graphic fileref=\"images/1641.png\"></graphic>"
 msgstr ""
 
 #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><section><para>

-#: freeculture.xml:7542
+#: freeculture.xml:7696

 msgid ""
 "Here was a public domain children's book that you were not allowed to copy, "
 "not allowed to lend, not allowed to give, and, as the "
 msgid ""
 "Here was a public domain children's book that you were not allowed to copy, "
 "not allowed to lend, not allowed to give, and, as the "


@@ -10255,7 +10884,7 @@ msgid ""
 msgstr ""
 
 #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><section><para>
 msgstr ""
 
 #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><section><para>

-#: freeculture.xml:7547
+#: freeculture.xml:7701

 msgid ""
 "The public relations nightmare attached to that final permission.  For the "
 "text did not say that you were not permitted to use the Read Aloud button; "
 msgid ""
 "The public relations nightmare attached to that final permission.  For the "
 "text did not say that you were not permitted to use the Read Aloud button; "


@@ -10266,7 +10895,7 @@ msgid ""
 msgstr ""
 
 #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><section><para>
 msgstr ""
 
 #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><section><para>

-#: freeculture.xml:7555
+#: freeculture.xml:7709

 msgid ""
 "Adobe responded quickly that it was absurd to think that it was trying to "
 "restrict the right to read a book aloud. Obviously it was only restricting "
 msgid ""
 "Adobe responded quickly that it was absurd to think that it was trying to "
 "restrict the right to read a book aloud. Obviously it was only restricting "


@@ -10281,7 +10910,7 @@ msgid ""
 msgstr ""
 
 #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><section><para>
 msgstr ""
 
 #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><section><para>

-#: freeculture.xml:7568
+#: freeculture.xml:7722

 msgid ""
 "The point is not to blame Adobe. Indeed, Adobe is among the most innovative "
 "companies developing strategies to balance open access to content with "
 msgid ""
 "The point is not to blame Adobe. Indeed, Adobe is among the most innovative "
 "companies developing strategies to balance open access to content with "


@@ -10291,53 +10920,54 @@ msgid ""
 msgstr ""
 
 #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><section><para>
 msgstr ""
 
 #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><section><para>

-#: freeculture.xml:7577
+#: freeculture.xml:7732

 msgid ""
 "To see the point in a particularly absurd context, consider a favorite story "
 "of mine that makes the same point."
 msgstr ""
 
 #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><section><indexterm><primary>
 msgid ""
 "To see the point in a particularly absurd context, consider a favorite story "
 "of mine that makes the same point."
 msgstr ""
 
 #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><section><indexterm><primary>

-#: freeculture.xml:7581 freeculture.xml:7731 freeculture.xml:7802 freeculture.xml:7912
+#: freeculture.xml:7735 freeculture.xml:7879 freeculture.xml:7944 freeculture.xml:8052

 msgid "Aibo robotic dog"
 msgstr ""
 
 #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><section><indexterm><primary>
 msgid "Aibo robotic dog"
 msgstr ""
 
 #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><section><indexterm><primary>

-#: freeculture.xml:7584 freeculture.xml:7734 freeculture.xml:7803 freeculture.xml:7913
+#: freeculture.xml:7736 freeculture.xml:7880 freeculture.xml:7945 freeculture.xml:8053

 msgid "robotic dog"
 msgstr ""
 
 #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><section><indexterm><primary>
 msgid "robotic dog"
 msgstr ""
 
 #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><section><indexterm><primary>

-#: freeculture.xml:7587 freeculture.xml:7737 freeculture.xml:7805 freeculture.xml:7915
+#: freeculture.xml:7737 freeculture.xml:7881 freeculture.xml:7946 freeculture.xml:8054

 msgid "Sony"
 msgstr ""
 
 #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><section><indexterm><secondary>
 msgid "Sony"
 msgstr ""
 
 #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><section><indexterm><secondary>

-#: freeculture.xml:7588 freeculture.xml:7738 freeculture.xml:7806 freeculture.xml:7916
+#: freeculture.xml:7737 freeculture.xml:7881 freeculture.xml:7946 freeculture.xml:8054

 msgid "Aibo robotic dog produced by"
 msgstr ""
 
 #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><section><para>
 msgid "Aibo robotic dog produced by"
 msgstr ""
 
 #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><section><para>

-#: freeculture.xml:7591
+#: freeculture.xml:7739

 msgid ""
 "Consider the robotic dog made by Sony named <quote>Aibo.</quote> The Aibo "
 "learns tricks, cuddles, and follows you around. It eats only electricity and "
 "that doesn't leave that much of a mess (at least in your house)."
 msgstr ""
 
 msgid ""
 "Consider the robotic dog made by Sony named <quote>Aibo.</quote> The Aibo "
 "learns tricks, cuddles, and follows you around. It eats only electricity and "
 "that doesn't leave that much of a mess (at least in your house)."
 msgstr ""
 

+#.  PAGE BREAK 165

 #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><section><para>
 #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><section><para>

-#: freeculture.xml:7596
+#: freeculture.xml:7744

 msgid ""
 "The Aibo is expensive and popular. Fans from around the world have set up "
 "clubs to trade stories. One fan in particular set up a Web site to enable "
 msgid ""
 "The Aibo is expensive and popular. Fans from around the world have set up "
 "clubs to trade stories. One fan in particular set up a Web site to enable "

-"information about the Aibo dog to be shared. This fan set <beginpage "
-"pagenum=\"165\"/> up aibopet.com (and aibohack.com, but that resolves to the "
-"same site), and on that site he provided information about how to teach an "
-"Aibo to do tricks in addition to the ones Sony had taught it."
+"information about the Aibo dog to be shared. This fan set up aibopet.com "
+"(and aibohack.com, but that resolves to the same site), and on that site he "
+"provided information about how to teach an Aibo to do tricks in addition to "
+"the ones Sony had taught it."

 msgstr ""
 
 #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><section><para>
 msgstr ""
 
 #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><section><para>

-#: freeculture.xml:7605
+#: freeculture.xml:7753

 msgid ""
 "<quote>Teach</quote> here has a special meaning. Aibos are just cute "
 "computers.  You teach a computer how to do something by programming it "
 msgid ""
 "<quote>Teach</quote> here has a special meaning. Aibos are just cute "
 "computers.  You teach a computer how to do something by programming it "


@@ -10348,12 +10978,12 @@ msgid ""
 msgstr ""
 
 #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><section><indexterm><primary>
 msgstr ""
 
 #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><section><indexterm><primary>

-#: freeculture.xml:7612
+#: freeculture.xml:7760

 msgid "hacks"
 msgstr ""
 
 #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><section><para>
 msgid "hacks"
 msgstr ""
 
 #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><section><para>

-#: freeculture.xml:7614
+#: freeculture.xml:7762

 msgid ""
 "If you're not a programmer or don't know many programmers, the word "
 "<citetitle>hack</citetitle> has a particularly unfriendly "
 msgid ""
 "If you're not a programmer or don't know many programmers, the word "
 "<citetitle>hack</citetitle> has a particularly unfriendly "


@@ -10369,7 +10999,7 @@ msgid ""
 msgstr ""
 
 #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><section><para>
 msgstr ""
 
 #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><section><para>

-#: freeculture.xml:7628
+#: freeculture.xml:7776

 msgid ""
 "Some hacks are easy. Some are unbelievably hard. Hackers as a community like "
 "to challenge themselves and others with increasingly difficult "
 msgid ""
 "Some hacks are easy. Some are unbelievably hard. Hackers as a community like "
 "to challenge themselves and others with increasingly difficult "


@@ -10379,7 +11009,7 @@ msgid ""
 msgstr ""
 
 #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><section><para>
 msgstr ""
 
 #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><section><para>

-#: freeculture.xml:7635
+#: freeculture.xml:7783

 msgid ""
 "The Aibo fan was displaying a bit of both when he hacked the program and "
 "offered to the world a bit of code that would enable the Aibo to dance "
 msgid ""
 "The Aibo fan was displaying a bit of both when he hacked the program and "
 "offered to the world a bit of code that would enable the Aibo to dance "


@@ -10390,7 +11020,7 @@ msgstr ""
 
 #.  PAGE BREAK 166 
 #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><section><para>
 
 #.  PAGE BREAK 166 
 #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><section><para>

-#: freeculture.xml:7645
+#: freeculture.xml:7793

 msgid ""
 "I've told this story in many contexts, both inside and outside the United "
 "States. Once I was asked by a puzzled member of the audience, is it "
 msgid ""
 "I've told this story in many contexts, both inside and outside the United "
 "States. Once I was asked by a puzzled member of the audience, is it "


@@ -10404,8 +11034,13 @@ msgid ""
 "there be with teaching a robot dog to dance?</emphasis>"
 msgstr ""
 
 "there be with teaching a robot dog to dance?</emphasis>"
 msgstr ""
 

+#. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><section><indexterm><secondary>
+#: freeculture.xml:7808
+msgid "government case against"
+msgstr ""
+

 #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><section><para>
 #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><section><para>

-#: freeculture.xml:7661
+#: freeculture.xml:7810

 msgid ""
 "Let's put the dog to sleep for a minute, and turn to a pony show&mdash; not "
 "literally a pony show, but rather a paper that a Princeton academic named Ed "
 msgid ""
 "Let's put the dog to sleep for a minute, and turn to a pony show&mdash; not "
 "literally a pony show, but rather a paper that a Princeton academic named Ed "


@@ -10419,12 +11054,12 @@ msgid ""
 msgstr ""
 
 #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><section><indexterm><primary>
 msgstr ""
 
 #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><section><indexterm><primary>

-#: freeculture.xml:7684 freeculture.xml:10185
+#: freeculture.xml:7833 freeculture.xml:10322

 msgid "Electronic Frontier Foundation"
 msgstr ""
 
 #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><section><para><footnote><para>
 msgid "Electronic Frontier Foundation"
 msgstr ""
 
 #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><section><para><footnote><para>

-#: freeculture.xml:7674
+#: freeculture.xml:7823

 msgid ""
 "See Pamela Samuelson, <quote>Anticircumvention Rules: Threat to "
 "Science,</quote> <citetitle>Science</citetitle> 293 (2001): 2028; Brendan "
 msgid ""
 "See Pamela Samuelson, <quote>Anticircumvention Rules: Threat to "
 "Science,</quote> <citetitle>Science</citetitle> 293 (2001): 2028; Brendan "


@@ -10443,7 +11078,7 @@ msgid ""
 msgstr ""
 
 #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><section><para>
 msgstr ""
 
 #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><section><para>

-#: freeculture.xml:7672
+#: freeculture.xml:7821

 msgid ""
 "But Felten's bravery was really tested in April 2001.<placeholder "
 "type=\"footnote\" id=\"0\"/> He and a group of colleagues were working on a "
 msgid ""
 "But Felten's bravery was really tested in April 2001.<placeholder "
 "type=\"footnote\" id=\"0\"/> He and a group of colleagues were working on a "


@@ -10453,7 +11088,7 @@ msgid ""
 msgstr ""
 
 #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><section><para>
 msgstr ""
 
 #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><section><para>

-#: freeculture.xml:7692
+#: freeculture.xml:7841

 msgid ""
 "The SDMI coalition had as its goal a technology to enable content owners to "
 "exercise much better control over their content than the Internet, as it "
 msgid ""
 "The SDMI coalition had as its goal a technology to enable content owners to "
 "exercise much better control over their content than the Internet, as it "


@@ -10465,7 +11100,7 @@ msgid ""
 msgstr ""
 
 #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><section><para>
 msgstr ""
 
 #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><section><para>

-#: freeculture.xml:7702
+#: freeculture.xml:7851

 msgid ""
 "When SDMI thought it was close to a standard, it set up a competition.  In "
 "exchange for providing contestants with the code to an SDMI-encrypted bit of "
 msgid ""
 "When SDMI thought it was close to a standard, it set up a competition.  In "
 "exchange for providing contestants with the code to an SDMI-encrypted bit of "


@@ -10475,7 +11110,7 @@ msgstr ""
 
 #.  PAGE BREAK 167 
 #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><section><para>
 
 #.  PAGE BREAK 167 
 #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><section><para>

-#: freeculture.xml:7709
+#: freeculture.xml:7858

 msgid ""
 "Felten and his team figured out the encryption system quickly. He and the "
 "team saw the weakness of this system as a type: Many encryption systems "
 msgid ""
 "Felten and his team figured out the encryption system quickly. He and the "
 "team saw the weakness of this system as a type: Many encryption systems "


@@ -10484,7 +11119,7 @@ msgid ""
 msgstr ""
 
 #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><section><para>
 msgstr ""
 
 #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><section><para>

-#: freeculture.xml:7715
+#: freeculture.xml:7864

 msgid ""
 "Let's review just what Felten was doing. Again, this is the United "
 "States. We have a principle of free speech. We have this principle not just "
 msgid ""
 "Let's review just what Felten was doing. Again, this is the United "
 "States. We have a principle of free speech. We have this principle not just "


@@ -10495,7 +11130,7 @@ msgid ""
 msgstr ""
 
 #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><section><para>
 msgstr ""
 
 #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><section><para>

-#: freeculture.xml:7723
+#: freeculture.xml:7872

 msgid ""
 "What Felten and his colleagues were doing was publishing a paper describing "
 "the weakness in a technology. They were not spreading free music, or "
 msgid ""
 "What Felten and his colleagues were doing was publishing a paper describing "
 "the weakness in a technology. They were not spreading free music, or "


@@ -10505,7 +11140,7 @@ msgid ""
 msgstr ""
 
 #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><section><para>
 msgstr ""
 
 #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><section><para>

-#: freeculture.xml:7741
+#: freeculture.xml:7883

 msgid ""
 "What links these two, aibopet.com and Felten, is the letters they then "
 "received. Aibopet.com received a letter from Sony about the aibopet.com "
 msgid ""
 "What links these two, aibopet.com and Felten, is the letters they then "
 "received. Aibopet.com received a letter from Sony about the aibopet.com "


@@ -10513,7 +11148,7 @@ msgid ""
 msgstr ""
 
 #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><section><blockquote><para>
 msgstr ""
 
 #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><section><blockquote><para>

-#: freeculture.xml:7748
+#: freeculture.xml:7890

 msgid ""
 "Your site contains information providing the means to circumvent AIBO-ware's "
 "copy protection protocol constituting a violation of the anti-circumvention "
 msgid ""
 "Your site contains information providing the means to circumvent AIBO-ware's "
 "copy protection protocol constituting a violation of the anti-circumvention "


@@ -10521,7 +11156,7 @@ msgid ""
 msgstr ""
 
 #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><section><para>
 msgstr ""
 
 #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><section><para>

-#: freeculture.xml:7757
+#: freeculture.xml:7899

 msgid ""
 "And though an academic paper describing the weakness in a system of "
 "encryption should also be perfectly legal, Felten received a letter from an "
 msgid ""
 "And though an academic paper describing the weakness in a system of "
 "encryption should also be perfectly legal, Felten received a letter from an "


@@ -10530,7 +11165,7 @@ msgstr ""
 
 #.  PAGE BREAK 168 
 #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><section><blockquote><para>
 
 #.  PAGE BREAK 168 
 #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><section><blockquote><para>

-#: freeculture.xml:7763
+#: freeculture.xml:7905

 msgid ""
 "Any disclosure of information gained from participating in the Public "
 "Challenge would be outside the scope of activities permitted by the "
 msgid ""
 "Any disclosure of information gained from participating in the Public "
 "Challenge would be outside the scope of activities permitted by the "


@@ -10539,7 +11174,7 @@ msgid ""
 msgstr ""
 
 #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><section><para>
 msgstr ""
 
 #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><section><para>

-#: freeculture.xml:7771
+#: freeculture.xml:7913

 msgid ""
 "In both cases, this weirdly Orwellian law was invoked to control the spread "
 "of information. The Digital Millennium Copyright Act made spreading such "
 msgid ""
 "In both cases, this weirdly Orwellian law was invoked to control the spread "
 "of information. The Digital Millennium Copyright Act made spreading such "


@@ -10547,7 +11182,7 @@ msgid ""
 msgstr ""
 
 #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><section><para>
 msgstr ""
 
 #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><section><para>

-#: freeculture.xml:7776
+#: freeculture.xml:7918

 msgid ""
 "The DMCA was enacted as a response to copyright owners' first fear about "
 "cyberspace. The fear was that copyright control was effectively dead; the "
 msgid ""
 "The DMCA was enacted as a response to copyright owners' first fear about "
 "cyberspace. The fear was that copyright control was effectively dead; the "


@@ -10560,7 +11195,7 @@ msgid ""
 msgstr ""
 
 #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><section><para>
 msgstr ""
 
 #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><section><para>

-#: freeculture.xml:7787
+#: freeculture.xml:7929

 msgid ""
 "The DMCA was a bit of law intended to back up the protection of this code "
 "designed to protect copyrighted material. It was, we could say, "
 msgid ""
 "The DMCA was a bit of law intended to back up the protection of this code "
 "designed to protect copyrighted material. It was, we could say, "


@@ -10570,7 +11205,7 @@ msgid ""
 msgstr ""
 
 #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><section><para>
 msgstr ""
 
 #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><section><para>

-#: freeculture.xml:7794
+#: freeculture.xml:7936

 msgid ""
 "But the DMCA was not designed merely to protect copyrighted works to the "
 "extent copyright law protected them. Its protection, that is, did not end at "
 msgid ""
 "But the DMCA was not designed merely to protect copyrighted works to the "
 "extent copyright law protected them. Its protection, that is, did not end at "


@@ -10582,7 +11217,7 @@ msgstr ""
 
 #.  PAGE BREAK 169 
 #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><section><para>
 
 #.  PAGE BREAK 169 
 #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><section><para>

-#: freeculture.xml:7809
+#: freeculture.xml:7948

 msgid ""
 "Aibopet.com and Felten make the point. The Aibo hack circumvented a "
 "copyright protection system for the purpose of enabling the dog to dance "
 msgid ""
 "Aibopet.com and Felten make the point. The Aibo hack circumvented a "
 "copyright protection system for the purpose of enabling the dog to dance "


@@ -10596,7 +11231,7 @@ msgid ""
 msgstr ""
 
 #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><section><para>
 msgstr ""
 
 #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><section><para>

-#: freeculture.xml:7821
+#: freeculture.xml:7960

 msgid ""
 "The threat against Felten was more attenuated, but it followed the same line "
 "of reasoning. By publishing a paper describing how a copyright protection "
 msgid ""
 "The threat against Felten was more attenuated, but it followed the same line "
 "of reasoning. By publishing a paper describing how a copyright protection "


@@ -10607,17 +11242,17 @@ msgid ""
 msgstr ""
 
 #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><section><blockquote><para><footnote><para><indexterm><primary>
 msgstr ""
 
 #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><section><blockquote><para><footnote><para><indexterm><primary>

-#: freeculture.xml:7828 freeculture.xml:7861
+#: freeculture.xml:7967 freeculture.xml:8002

 msgid "Rogers, Fred"
 msgstr ""
 
 #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><section><indexterm><primary>
 msgid "Rogers, Fred"
 msgstr ""
 
 #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><section><indexterm><primary>

-#: freeculture.xml:7838 freeculture.xml:7874 freeculture.xml:7902
+#: freeculture.xml:7978 freeculture.xml:8015 freeculture.xml:8041

 msgid "Conrad, Paul"
 msgstr ""
 
 #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><section><para>
 msgid "Conrad, Paul"
 msgstr ""
 
 #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><section><para>

-#: freeculture.xml:7830
+#: freeculture.xml:7970

 msgid ""
 "The bizarreness of these arguments is captured in a cartoon drawn in 1981 by "
 "Paul Conrad. At that time, a court in California had held that the VCR could "
 msgid ""
 "The bizarreness of these arguments is captured in a cartoon drawn in 1981 by "
 "Paul Conrad. At that time, a court in California had held that the VCR could "


@@ -10630,18 +11265,18 @@ msgid ""
 msgstr ""
 
 #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><section><blockquote><para><footnote><para>
 msgstr ""
 
 #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><section><blockquote><para><footnote><para>

-#: freeculture.xml:7857
+#: freeculture.xml:7997

 msgid ""
 msgid ""

-"<citetitle>Sony Corporation of America</citetitle> v. <citetitle>Universal "
-"City Studios, Inc</citetitle>., 464 U.S. 417, 455 fn. 27 (1984). Rogers "
-"never changed his view about the VCR. See James Lardner, <citetitle>Fast "
-"Forward: Hollywood, the Japanese, and the Onslaught of the VCR</citetitle> "
-"(New York: W. W. Norton, 1987), 270&ndash;71.  <placeholder "
-"type=\"indexterm\" id=\"0\"/>"
+"<placeholder type=\"indexterm\" id=\"0\"/> <citetitle>Sony Corporation of "
+"America</citetitle> v. <citetitle>Universal City Studios, Inc</citetitle>., "
+"464 U.S. 417, 455 fn. 27 (1984). Rogers never changed his view about the "
+"VCR. See James Lardner, <citetitle>Fast Forward: Hollywood, the Japanese, "
+"and the Onslaught of the VCR</citetitle> (New York: W. W. Norton, 1987), "
+"270&ndash;71.  <placeholder type=\"indexterm\" id=\"1\"/>"

 msgstr ""
 
 #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><section><blockquote><para>
 msgstr ""
 
 #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><section><blockquote><para>

-#: freeculture.xml:7842
+#: freeculture.xml:7982

 msgid ""
 "Some public stations, as well as commercial stations, program the "
 "<quote>Neighborhood</quote> at hours when some children cannot use it. I "
 msgid ""
 "Some public stations, as well as commercial stations, program the "
 "<quote>Neighborhood</quote> at hours when some children cannot use it. I "


@@ -10661,7 +11296,7 @@ msgstr ""
 
 #.  PAGE BREAK 170 
 #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><section><para>
 
 #.  PAGE BREAK 170 
 #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><section><para>

-#: freeculture.xml:7867
+#: freeculture.xml:8008

 msgid ""
 "Even though there were uses that were legal, because there were some uses "
 "that were illegal, the court held the companies producing the VCR "
 msgid ""
 "Even though there were uses that were legal, because there were some uses "
 "that were illegal, the court held the companies producing the VCR "


@@ -10669,19 +11304,19 @@ msgid ""
 msgstr ""
 
 #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><section><para>
 msgstr ""
 
 #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><section><para>

-#: freeculture.xml:7872
+#: freeculture.xml:8013

 msgid ""
 "This led Conrad to draw the cartoon below, which we can adopt to the DMCA.  "
 "<placeholder type=\"indexterm\" id=\"0\"/>"
 msgstr ""
 
 #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><section><para>
 msgid ""
 "This led Conrad to draw the cartoon below, which we can adopt to the DMCA.  "
 "<placeholder type=\"indexterm\" id=\"0\"/>"
 msgstr ""
 
 #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><section><para>

-#: freeculture.xml:7877
+#: freeculture.xml:8018

 msgid "No argument I have can top this picture, but let me try to get close."
 msgstr ""
 
 #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><section><para>
 msgid "No argument I have can top this picture, but let me try to get close."
 msgstr ""
 
 #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><section><para>

-#: freeculture.xml:7880
+#: freeculture.xml:8021

 msgid ""
 "The anticircumvention provisions of the DMCA target copyright circumvention "
 "technologies. Circumvention technologies can be used for different "
 msgid ""
 "The anticircumvention provisions of the DMCA target copyright circumvention "
 "technologies. Circumvention technologies can be used for different "


@@ -10692,13 +11327,13 @@ msgid ""
 msgstr ""
 
 #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><section><indexterm><primary>
 msgstr ""
 
 #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><section><indexterm><primary>

-#: freeculture.xml:7888
+#: freeculture.xml:8028

 msgid "handguns"
 msgstr ""
 
 #.  PAGE BREAK 171 
 #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><section><para>
 msgid "handguns"
 msgstr ""
 
 #.  PAGE BREAK 171 
 #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><section><para>

-#: freeculture.xml:7891
+#: freeculture.xml:8030

 msgid ""
 "A handgun can be used to shoot a police officer or a child. Most would agree "
 "such a use is bad. Or a handgun can be used for target practice or to "
 msgid ""
 "A handgun can be used to shoot a police officer or a child. Most would agree "
 "such a use is bad. Or a handgun can be used for target practice or to "


@@ -10707,17 +11342,17 @@ msgid ""
 msgstr ""
 
 #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><section><figure><title>
 msgstr ""
 
 #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><section><figure><title>

-#: freeculture.xml:7899
+#: freeculture.xml:8038

 msgid "VCR/handgun cartoon."
 msgstr ""
 
 #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><section><figure>
 msgid "VCR/handgun cartoon."
 msgstr ""
 
 #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><section><figure>

-#: freeculture.xml:7900
+#: freeculture.xml:8039

 msgid "<graphic fileref=\"images/1711.png\"></graphic>"
 msgstr ""
 
 #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><section><para>
 msgid "<graphic fileref=\"images/1711.png\"></graphic>"
 msgstr ""
 
 #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><section><para>

-#: freeculture.xml:7904
+#: freeculture.xml:8043

 msgid ""
 "The obvious point of Conrad's cartoon is the weirdness of a world where guns "
 "are legal, despite the harm they can do, while VCRs (and circumvention "
 msgid ""
 "The obvious point of Conrad's cartoon is the weirdness of a world where guns "
 "are legal, despite the harm they can do, while VCRs (and circumvention "


@@ -10728,7 +11363,7 @@ msgid ""
 msgstr ""
 
 #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><section><para>
 msgstr ""
 
 #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><section><para>

-#: freeculture.xml:7919
+#: freeculture.xml:8056

 msgid ""
 "The Aibo and RIAA examples demonstrate how copyright owners are changing the "
 "balance that copyright law grants. Using code, copyright owners restrict "
 msgid ""
 "The Aibo and RIAA examples demonstrate how copyright owners are changing the "
 "balance that copyright law grants. Using code, copyright owners restrict "


@@ -10739,7 +11374,7 @@ msgid ""
 msgstr ""
 
 #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><section><para>
 msgstr ""
 
 #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><section><para>

-#: freeculture.xml:7927
+#: freeculture.xml:8064

 msgid ""
 "This is how <emphasis>code</emphasis> becomes <emphasis>law</emphasis>. The "
 "controls built into the technology of copy and access protection become "
 msgid ""
 "This is how <emphasis>code</emphasis> becomes <emphasis>law</emphasis>. The "
 "controls built into the technology of copy and access protection become "


@@ -10753,7 +11388,7 @@ msgid ""
 msgstr ""
 
 #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><section><para>
 msgstr ""
 
 #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><section><para>

-#: freeculture.xml:7939
+#: freeculture.xml:8076

 msgid ""
 "There is one final aspect of the interaction between architecture and law "
 "that contributes to the force of copyright's regulation. This is the ease "
 msgid ""
 "There is one final aspect of the interaction between architecture and law "
 "that contributes to the force of copyright's regulation. This is the ease "


@@ -10768,7 +11403,7 @@ msgstr ""
 
 #.  f24 
 #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><section><para><footnote><para>
 
 #.  f24 
 #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><section><para><footnote><para>

-#: freeculture.xml:7958
+#: freeculture.xml:8095

 msgid ""
 "For an early and prescient analysis, see Rebecca Tushnet, <quote>Legal "
 "Fictions, Copyright, Fan Fiction, and a New Common Law,</quote> "
 msgid ""
 "For an early and prescient analysis, see Rebecca Tushnet, <quote>Legal "
 "Fictions, Copyright, Fan Fiction, and a New Common Law,</quote> "


@@ -10777,7 +11412,7 @@ msgid ""
 msgstr ""
 
 #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><section><para>
 msgstr ""
 
 #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><section><para>

-#: freeculture.xml:7952
+#: freeculture.xml:8089

 msgid ""
 "For example, imagine you were part of a <citetitle>Star Trek</citetitle> fan "
 "club. You gathered every month to share trivia, and maybe to enact a kind of "
 msgid ""
 "For example, imagine you were part of a <citetitle>Star Trek</citetitle> fan "
 "club. You gathered every month to share trivia, and maybe to enact a kind of "


@@ -10787,7 +11422,7 @@ msgid ""
 msgstr ""
 
 #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><section><para>
 msgstr ""
 
 #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><section><para>

-#: freeculture.xml:7964
+#: freeculture.xml:8101

 msgid ""
 "Before the Internet, this was, in effect, a totally unregulated activity.  "
 "No matter what happened inside your club room, you would never be interfered "
 msgid ""
 "Before the Internet, this was, in effect, a totally unregulated activity.  "
 "No matter what happened inside your club room, you would never be interfered "


@@ -10797,7 +11432,7 @@ msgid ""
 msgstr ""
 
 #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><section><para>
 msgstr ""
 
 #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><section><para>

-#: freeculture.xml:7971
+#: freeculture.xml:8109

 msgid ""
 "But if you moved your club onto the Internet, and made it generally "
 "available for others to join, the story would be very different. Bots "
 msgid ""
 "But if you moved your club onto the Internet, and made it generally "
 "available for others to join, the story would be very different. Bots "


@@ -10810,7 +11445,7 @@ msgid ""
 msgstr ""
 
 #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><section><para>
 msgstr ""
 
 #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><section><para>

-#: freeculture.xml:7981
+#: freeculture.xml:8119

 msgid ""
 "This change in the effective force of the law is caused by a change in the "
 "ease with which the law can be enforced. That change too shifts the law's "
 msgid ""
 "This change in the effective force of the law is caused by a change in the "
 "ease with which the law can be enforced. That change too shifts the law's "


@@ -10821,13 +11456,13 @@ msgid ""
 msgstr ""
 
 #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><section><title>
 msgstr ""
 
 #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><section><title>

-#: freeculture.xml:7990
+#: freeculture.xml:8128

 msgid "Market: Concentration"
 msgstr ""
 
 #.  PAGE BREAK 173 
 #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><section><para>
 msgid "Market: Concentration"
 msgstr ""
 
 #.  PAGE BREAK 173 
 #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><section><para>

-#: freeculture.xml:7992
+#: freeculture.xml:8130

 msgid ""
 "So copyright's duration has increased dramatically&mdash;tripled in the past "
 "thirty years. And copyright's scope has increased as well&mdash;from "
 msgid ""
 "So copyright's duration has increased dramatically&mdash;tripled in the past "
 "thirty years. And copyright's scope has increased as well&mdash;from "


@@ -10845,7 +11480,7 @@ msgid ""
 msgstr ""
 
 #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><section><para>
 msgstr ""
 
 #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><section><para>

-#: freeculture.xml:8010
+#: freeculture.xml:8148

 msgid ""
 "Still, in my view, all of these changes would not matter much if it weren't "
 "for one more change that we must also consider. This is a change that is in "
 msgid ""
 "Still, in my view, all of these changes would not matter much if it weren't "
 "for one more change that we must also consider. This is a change that is in "


@@ -10855,7 +11490,7 @@ msgid ""
 msgstr ""
 
 #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><section><para>
 msgstr ""
 
 #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><section><para>

-#: freeculture.xml:8017
+#: freeculture.xml:8155

 msgid ""
 "This is the change in the concentration and integration of the media.  In "
 "the past twenty years, the nature of media ownership has undergone a radical "
 msgid ""
 "This is the change in the concentration and integration of the media.  In "
 "the past twenty years, the nature of media ownership has undergone a radical "


@@ -10868,13 +11503,38 @@ msgid ""
 msgstr ""
 
 #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><section><para>
 msgstr ""
 
 #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><section><para>

-#: freeculture.xml:8028
+#: freeculture.xml:8166

 msgid "These changes are of two sorts: the scope of concentration, and its nature."
 msgstr ""
 
 msgid "These changes are of two sorts: the scope of concentration, and its nature."
 msgstr ""
 

+#. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><section><indexterm><primary>
+#: freeculture.xml:8170
+msgid "BMG"
+msgstr ""
+
+#. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><section><indexterm><primary>
+#: freeculture.xml:8171 freeculture.xml:9515
+msgid "EMI"
+msgstr ""
+
+#. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><section><indexterm><primary>
+#: freeculture.xml:8172
+msgid "McCain, John"
+msgstr ""
+
+#. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><section><indexterm><primary>
+#: freeculture.xml:8173 freeculture.xml:9516
+msgid "Universal Music Group"
+msgstr ""
+
+#. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><section><indexterm><primary>
+#: freeculture.xml:8174
+msgid "Warner Music Group"
+msgstr ""
+

 #.  f25 
 #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><section><para><footnote><para>
 #.  f25 
 #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><section><para><footnote><para>

-#: freeculture.xml:8036
+#: freeculture.xml:8180

 msgid ""
 "FCC Oversight: Hearing Before the Senate Commerce, Science and "
 "Transportation Committee, 108th Cong., 1st sess. (22 May 2003)  (statement "
 msgid ""
 "FCC Oversight: Hearing Before the Senate Commerce, Science and "
 "Transportation Committee, 108th Cong., 1st sess. (22 May 2003)  (statement "


@@ -10883,7 +11543,7 @@ msgstr ""
 
 #.  f26 
 #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><section><para><footnote><para>
 
 #.  f26 
 #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><section><para><footnote><para>

-#: freeculture.xml:8043
+#: freeculture.xml:8187

 msgid ""
 "Lynette Holloway, <quote>Despite a Marketing Blitz, CD Sales Continue to "
 "Slide,</quote> <citetitle>New York Times</citetitle>, 23 December 2002."
 msgid ""
 "Lynette Holloway, <quote>Despite a Marketing Blitz, CD Sales Continue to "
 "Slide,</quote> <citetitle>New York Times</citetitle>, 23 December 2002."


@@ -10891,39 +11551,14 @@ msgstr ""
 
 #.  f27 
 #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><section><para><footnote><para>
 
 #.  f27 
 #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><section><para><footnote><para>

-#: freeculture.xml:8049
+#: freeculture.xml:8193

 msgid ""
 "Molly Ivins, <quote>Media Consolidation Must Be Stopped,</quote> "
 "<citetitle>Charleston Gazette</citetitle>, 31 May 2003."
 msgstr ""
 
 msgid ""
 "Molly Ivins, <quote>Media Consolidation Must Be Stopped,</quote> "
 "<citetitle>Charleston Gazette</citetitle>, 31 May 2003."
 msgstr ""
 

-#. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><section><para><indexterm><primary>
-#: freeculture.xml:8052
-msgid "BMG"
-msgstr ""
-
-#. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><section><para><indexterm><primary>
-#: freeculture.xml:8053 freeculture.xml:9404
-msgid "EMI"
-msgstr ""
-
-#. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><section><para><indexterm><primary>
-#: freeculture.xml:8054
-msgid "McCain, John"
-msgstr ""
-
-#. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><section><para><indexterm><primary>
-#: freeculture.xml:8055 freeculture.xml:9405
-msgid "Universal Music Group"
-msgstr ""
-
-#. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><section><para><indexterm><primary>
-#: freeculture.xml:8056
-msgid "Warner Music Group"
-msgstr ""
-

 #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><section><para>
 #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><section><para>

-#: freeculture.xml:8032
+#: freeculture.xml:8176

 msgid ""
 "Changes in scope are the easier ones to describe. As Senator John McCain "
 "summarized the data produced in the FCC's review of media ownership, "
 msgid ""
 "Changes in scope are the easier ones to describe. As Senator John McCain "
 "summarized the data produced in the FCC's review of media ownership, "


@@ -10933,15 +11568,12 @@ msgid ""
 "Group, and EMI control 84.8 percent of the U.S. music market.<placeholder "
 "type=\"footnote\" id=\"1\"/> The <quote>five largest cable companies pipe "
 "programming to 74 percent of the cable subscribers "
 "Group, and EMI control 84.8 percent of the U.S. music market.<placeholder "
 "type=\"footnote\" id=\"1\"/> The <quote>five largest cable companies pipe "
 "programming to 74 percent of the cable subscribers "

-"nationwide.</quote><placeholder type=\"footnote\" id=\"2\"/> <placeholder "
-"type=\"indexterm\" id=\"3\"/> <placeholder type=\"indexterm\" id=\"4\"/> "
-"<placeholder type=\"indexterm\" id=\"5\"/> <placeholder type=\"indexterm\" "
-"id=\"6\"/> <placeholder type=\"indexterm\" id=\"7\"/>"
+"nationwide.</quote><placeholder type=\"footnote\" id=\"2\"/>"

 msgstr ""
 
 #.  PAGE BREAK 174 
 #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><section><para>
 msgstr ""
 
 #.  PAGE BREAK 174 
 #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><section><para>

-#: freeculture.xml:8059
+#: freeculture.xml:8198

 msgid ""
 "The story with radio is even more dramatic. Before deregulation, the "
 "nation's largest radio broadcasting conglomerate owned fewer than "
 msgid ""
 "The story with radio is even more dramatic. Before deregulation, the "
 "nation's largest radio broadcasting conglomerate owned fewer than "


@@ -10954,7 +11586,7 @@ msgid ""
 msgstr ""
 
 #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><section><para>
 msgstr ""
 
 #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><section><para>

-#: freeculture.xml:8070
+#: freeculture.xml:8210

 msgid ""
 "Newspaper ownership is becoming more concentrated as well.  Today, there are "
 "six hundred fewer daily newspapers in the United States than there were "
 msgid ""
 "Newspaper ownership is becoming more concentrated as well.  Today, there are "
 "six hundred fewer daily newspapers in the United States than there were "


@@ -10968,12 +11600,12 @@ msgid ""
 msgstr ""
 
 #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><section><blockquote><para><footnote><para><indexterm><primary>
 msgstr ""
 
 #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><section><blockquote><para><footnote><para><indexterm><primary>

-#: freeculture.xml:8084 freeculture.xml:8101
+#: freeculture.xml:8224 freeculture.xml:8241

 msgid "Fallows, James"
 msgstr ""
 
 #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><section><para>
 msgid "Fallows, James"
 msgstr ""
 
 #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><section><para>

-#: freeculture.xml:8081
+#: freeculture.xml:8221

 msgid ""
 "Concentration in size alone is one thing. The more invidious change is in "
 "the nature of that concentration. As author James Fallows put it in a recent "
 msgid ""
 "Concentration in size alone is one thing. The more invidious change is in "
 "the nature of that concentration. As author James Fallows put it in a recent "


@@ -10981,7 +11613,7 @@ msgid ""
 msgstr ""
 
 #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><section><blockquote><para><footnote><para>
 msgstr ""
 
 #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><section><blockquote><para><footnote><para>

-#: freeculture.xml:8099
+#: freeculture.xml:8239

 msgid ""
 "James Fallows, <quote>The Age of Murdoch,</quote> <citetitle>Atlantic "
 "Monthly</citetitle> (September 2003): 89.  <placeholder type=\"indexterm\" "
 msgid ""
 "James Fallows, <quote>The Age of Murdoch,</quote> <citetitle>Atlantic "
 "Monthly</citetitle> (September 2003): 89.  <placeholder type=\"indexterm\" "


@@ -10989,7 +11621,7 @@ msgid ""
 msgstr ""
 
 #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><section><blockquote><para>
 msgstr ""
 
 #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><section><blockquote><para>

-#: freeculture.xml:8088
+#: freeculture.xml:8228

 msgid ""
 "Murdoch's companies now constitute a production system unmatched in its "
 "integration. They supply content&mdash;Fox movies &hellip; Fox TV shows "
 msgid ""
 "Murdoch's companies now constitute a production system unmatched in its "
 "integration. They supply content&mdash;Fox movies &hellip; Fox TV shows "


@@ -11004,7 +11636,7 @@ msgid ""
 msgstr ""
 
 #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><section><para>
 msgstr ""
 
 #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><section><para>

-#: freeculture.xml:8106
+#: freeculture.xml:8246

 msgid ""
 "The pattern with Murdoch is the pattern of modern media. Not just large "
 "companies owning many radio stations, but a few companies owning as many "
 msgid ""
 "The pattern with Murdoch is the pattern of modern media. Not just large "
 "companies owning many radio stations, but a few companies owning as many "


@@ -11013,18 +11645,18 @@ msgid ""
 msgstr ""
 
 #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><section><figure><title>
 msgstr ""
 
 #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><section><figure><title>

-#: freeculture.xml:8112
+#: freeculture.xml:8252

 msgid "Pattern of modern media ownership."
 msgstr ""
 
 #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><section><figure>
 msgid "Pattern of modern media ownership."
 msgstr ""
 
 #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><section><figure>

-#: freeculture.xml:8113
+#: freeculture.xml:8253

 msgid "<graphic fileref=\"images/1761.png\"></graphic>"
 msgstr ""
 
 #.  PAGE BREAK 175 
 #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><section><para>
 msgid "<graphic fileref=\"images/1761.png\"></graphic>"
 msgstr ""
 
 #.  PAGE BREAK 175 
 #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><section><para>

-#: freeculture.xml:8117
+#: freeculture.xml:8257

 msgid ""
 "Does this concentration matter? Will it affect what is made, or what is "
 "distributed? Or is it merely a more efficient way to produce and distribute "
 msgid ""
 "Does this concentration matter? Will it affect what is made, or what is "
 "distributed? Or is it merely a more efficient way to produce and distribute "


@@ -11032,7 +11664,7 @@ msgid ""
 msgstr ""
 
 #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><section><para>
 msgstr ""
 
 #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><section><para>

-#: freeculture.xml:8122
+#: freeculture.xml:8262

 msgid ""
 "My view was that concentration wouldn't matter. I thought it was nothing "
 "more than a more efficient financial structure. But now, after reading and "
 msgid ""
 "My view was that concentration wouldn't matter. I thought it was nothing "
 "more than a more efficient financial structure. But now, after reading and "


@@ -11041,24 +11673,24 @@ msgid ""
 msgstr ""
 
 #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><section><para>
 msgstr ""
 
 #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><section><para>

-#: freeculture.xml:8128
+#: freeculture.xml:8268

 msgid ""
 "Here's a representative story that begins to suggest how this integration "
 "may matter."
 msgstr ""
 
 #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><section><indexterm><primary>
 msgid ""
 "Here's a representative story that begins to suggest how this integration "
 "may matter."
 msgstr ""
 
 #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><section><indexterm><primary>

-#: freeculture.xml:8131
+#: freeculture.xml:8271

 msgid "Lear, Norman"
 msgstr ""
 
 #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><section><indexterm><primary>
 msgid "Lear, Norman"
 msgstr ""
 
 #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><section><indexterm><primary>

-#: freeculture.xml:8133 freeculture.xml:8196
+#: freeculture.xml:8273 freeculture.xml:8336

 msgid "All in the Family"
 msgstr ""
 
 #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><section><para>
 msgid "All in the Family"
 msgstr ""
 
 #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><section><para>

-#: freeculture.xml:8135
+#: freeculture.xml:8275

 msgid ""
 "In 1969, Norman Lear created a pilot for <citetitle>All in the "
 "Family</citetitle>. He took the pilot to ABC. The network didn't like it. It "
 msgid ""
 "In 1969, Norman Lear created a pilot for <citetitle>All in the "
 "Family</citetitle>. He took the pilot to ABC. The network didn't like it. It "


@@ -11069,7 +11701,7 @@ msgstr ""
 
 #.  f29 
 #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><section><para><footnote><para>
 
 #.  f29 
 #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><section><para><footnote><para>

-#: freeculture.xml:8147
+#: freeculture.xml:8287

 msgid ""
 "Leonard Hill, <quote>The Axis of Access,</quote> remarks before Weidenbaum "
 "Center Forum, <quote>Entertainment Economics: The Movie Industry,</quote> "
 msgid ""
 "Leonard Hill, <quote>The Axis of Access,</quote> remarks before Weidenbaum "
 "Center Forum, <quote>Entertainment Economics: The Movie Industry,</quote> "


@@ -11080,7 +11712,7 @@ msgid ""
 msgstr ""
 
 #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><section><para>
 msgstr ""
 
 #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><section><para>

-#: freeculture.xml:8142
+#: freeculture.xml:8282

 msgid ""
 "Rather than comply, Lear simply took the show elsewhere. CBS was happy to "
 "have the series; ABC could not stop Lear from walking.  The copyrights that "
 msgid ""
 "Rather than comply, Lear simply took the show elsewhere. CBS was happy to "
 "have the series; ABC could not stop Lear from walking.  The copyrights that "


@@ -11090,7 +11722,7 @@ msgstr ""
 
 #.  PAGE BREAK 176 
 #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><section><para>
 
 #.  PAGE BREAK 176 
 #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><section><para>

-#: freeculture.xml:8158
+#: freeculture.xml:8298

 msgid ""
 "The network did not control those copyrights because the law forbade the "
 "networks from controlling the content they syndicated. The law required a "
 msgid ""
 "The network did not control those copyrights because the law forbade the "
 "networks from controlling the content they syndicated. The law required a "


@@ -11102,7 +11734,7 @@ msgstr ""
 
 #.  f30 
 #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><section><para><footnote><para>
 
 #.  f30 
 #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><section><para><footnote><para>

-#: freeculture.xml:8177
+#: freeculture.xml:8317

 msgid ""
 "NewsCorp./DirecTV Merger and Media Consolidation: Hearings on Media "
 "Ownership Before the Senate Commerce Committee, 108th Cong., 1st "
 msgid ""
 "NewsCorp./DirecTV Merger and Media Consolidation: Hearings on Media "
 "Ownership Before the Senate Commerce Committee, 108th Cong., 1st "


@@ -11114,7 +11746,7 @@ msgid ""
 msgstr ""
 
 #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><section><para>
 msgstr ""
 
 #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><section><para>

-#: freeculture.xml:8167
+#: freeculture.xml:8307

 msgid ""
 "In 1994, the FCC abandoned the rules that required this independence.  After "
 "that change, the networks quickly changed the balance.  In 1985, there were "
 msgid ""
 "In 1994, the FCC abandoned the rules that required this independence.  After "
 "that change, the networks quickly changed the balance.  In 1985, there were "


@@ -11133,7 +11765,7 @@ msgid ""
 msgstr ""
 
 #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><section><para>
 msgstr ""
 
 #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><section><para>

-#: freeculture.xml:8198
+#: freeculture.xml:8338

 msgid ""
 "Today, another Norman Lear with another <citetitle>All in the "
 "Family</citetitle> would find that he had the choice either to make the show "
 msgid ""
 "Today, another Norman Lear with another <citetitle>All in the "
 "Family</citetitle> would find that he had the choice either to make the show "


@@ -11141,28 +11773,27 @@ msgid ""
 "increasingly owned by the network."
 msgstr ""
 
 "increasingly owned by the network."
 msgstr ""
 

-#. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><section><para><indexterm><primary>
-#: freeculture.xml:8207
+#. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><section><indexterm><primary>
+#: freeculture.xml:8343

 msgid "Diller, Barry"
 msgstr ""
 
 msgid "Diller, Barry"
 msgstr ""
 

-#. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><section><para><indexterm><primary>
-#: freeculture.xml:8208
+#. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><section><indexterm><primary>
+#: freeculture.xml:8344

 msgid "Moyers, Bill"
 msgstr ""
 
 #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><section><para>
 msgid "Moyers, Bill"
 msgstr ""
 
 #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><section><para>

-#: freeculture.xml:8204
+#: freeculture.xml:8346

 msgid ""
 "While the number of channels has increased dramatically, the ownership of "
 "those channels has narrowed to an ever smaller and smaller few. As Barry "
 msgid ""
 "While the number of channels has increased dramatically, the ownership of "
 "those channels has narrowed to an ever smaller and smaller few. As Barry "

-"Diller said to Bill Moyers, <placeholder type=\"indexterm\" id=\"0\"/> "
-"<placeholder type=\"indexterm\" id=\"1\"/>"
+"Diller said to Bill Moyers,"

 msgstr ""
 
 #.  f32 
 #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><section><blockquote><para><footnote><para>
 msgstr ""
 
 #.  f32 
 #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><section><blockquote><para><footnote><para>

-#: freeculture.xml:8221
+#: freeculture.xml:8361

 msgid ""
 "<quote>Barry Diller Takes on Media Deregulation,</quote> <citetitle>Now with "
 "Bill Moyers</citetitle>, Bill Moyers, 25 April 2003, edited transcript "
 msgid ""
 "<quote>Barry Diller Takes on Media Deregulation,</quote> <citetitle>Now with "
 "Bill Moyers</citetitle>, Bill Moyers, 25 April 2003, edited transcript "


@@ -11170,7 +11801,7 @@ msgid ""
 msgstr ""
 
 #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><section><blockquote><para>
 msgstr ""
 
 #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><section><blockquote><para>

-#: freeculture.xml:8212
+#: freeculture.xml:8352

 msgid ""
 "Well, if you have companies that produce, that finance, that air on their "
 "channel and then distribute worldwide everything that goes through their "
 msgid ""
 "Well, if you have companies that produce, that finance, that air on their "
 "channel and then distribute worldwide everything that goes through their "


@@ -11181,7 +11812,7 @@ msgid ""
 msgstr ""
 
 #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><section><para>
 msgstr ""
 
 #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><section><para>

-#: freeculture.xml:8228
+#: freeculture.xml:8368

 msgid ""
 "This narrowing has an effect on what is produced. The product of such large "
 "and concentrated networks is increasingly homogenous.  Increasingly "
 msgid ""
 "This narrowing has an effect on what is produced. The product of such large "
 "and concentrated networks is increasingly homogenous.  Increasingly "


@@ -11195,13 +11826,13 @@ msgid ""
 msgstr ""
 
 #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><section><indexterm><primary>
 msgstr ""
 
 #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><section><indexterm><primary>

-#: freeculture.xml:8239
+#: freeculture.xml:8379

 msgid "Clark, Kim B."
 msgstr ""
 
 #.  f33 
 #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><section><para><footnote><para>
 msgid "Clark, Kim B."
 msgstr ""
 
 #.  f33 
 #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><section><para><footnote><para>

-#: freeculture.xml:8248
+#: freeculture.xml:8388

 msgid ""
 "Clayton M. Christensen, <citetitle>The Innovator's Dilemma: The "
 "Revolutionary National Bestseller that Changed the Way We Do "
 msgid ""
 "Clayton M. Christensen, <citetitle>The Innovator's Dilemma: The "
 "Revolutionary National Bestseller that Changed the Way We Do "


@@ -11217,7 +11848,7 @@ msgid ""
 msgstr ""
 
 #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><section><para>
 msgstr ""
 
 #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><section><para>

-#: freeculture.xml:8241
+#: freeculture.xml:8381

 msgid ""
 "Economics itself offers a parallel that explains why this integration "
 "affects creativity. Clay Christensen has written about the "
 msgid ""
 "Economics itself offers a parallel that explains why this integration "
 "affects creativity. Clay Christensen has written about the "


@@ -11232,7 +11863,7 @@ msgid ""
 msgstr ""
 
 #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><section><para>
 msgstr ""
 
 #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><section><para>

-#: freeculture.xml:8265
+#: freeculture.xml:8405

 msgid ""
 "I don't think we know enough about the economics of the media market to say "
 "with certainty what concentration and integration will do. The efficiencies "
 msgid ""
 "I don't think we know enough about the economics of the media market to say "
 "with certainty what concentration and integration will do. The efficiencies "


@@ -11240,14 +11871,14 @@ msgid ""
 msgstr ""
 
 #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><section><para>
 msgstr ""
 
 #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><section><para>

-#: freeculture.xml:8271
+#: freeculture.xml:8411

 msgid ""
 "But there is a quintessentially obvious example that does strongly suggest "
 "the concern."
 msgstr ""
 
 #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><section><para>
 msgid ""
 "But there is a quintessentially obvious example that does strongly suggest "
 "the concern."
 msgstr ""
 
 #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><section><para>

-#: freeculture.xml:8275
+#: freeculture.xml:8415

 msgid ""
 "In addition to the copyright wars, we're in the middle of the drug "
 "wars. Government policy is strongly directed against the drug cartels; "
 msgid ""
 "In addition to the copyright wars, we're in the middle of the drug "
 "wars. Government policy is strongly directed against the drug cartels; "


@@ -11256,7 +11887,7 @@ msgstr ""
 
 #.  PAGE BREAK 178 
 #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><section><para>
 
 #.  PAGE BREAK 178 
 #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><section><para>

-#: freeculture.xml:8280
+#: freeculture.xml:8420

 msgid ""
 "Let me hereby disqualify myself from any possible appointment to any "
 "position in government by saying I believe this war is a profound mistake. I "
 msgid ""
 "Let me hereby disqualify myself from any possible appointment to any "
 "position in government by saying I believe this war is a profound mistake. I "


@@ -11274,7 +11905,7 @@ msgid ""
 msgstr ""
 
 #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><section><para>
 msgstr ""
 
 #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><section><para>

-#: freeculture.xml:8299
+#: freeculture.xml:8439

 msgid ""
 "You may not be convinced. That's fine. We live in a democracy, and it is "
 "through votes that we are to choose policy. But to do that, we depend "
 msgid ""
 "You may not be convinced. That's fine. We live in a democracy, and it is "
 "through votes that we are to choose policy. But to do that, we depend "


@@ -11282,7 +11913,7 @@ msgid ""
 msgstr ""
 
 #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><section><para>
 msgstr ""
 
 #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><section><para>

-#: freeculture.xml:8308
+#: freeculture.xml:8446

 msgid ""
 "Beginning in 1998, the Office of National Drug Control Policy launched a "
 "media campaign as part of the <quote>war on drugs.</quote> The campaign "
 msgid ""
 "Beginning in 1998, the Office of National Drug Control Policy launched a "
 "media campaign as part of the <quote>war on drugs.</quote> The campaign "


@@ -11297,14 +11928,14 @@ msgid ""
 msgstr ""
 
 #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><section><para>
 msgstr ""
 
 #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><section><para>

-#: freeculture.xml:8320
+#: freeculture.xml:8458

 msgid ""
 "Fair enough. It's a good ad. Not terribly misleading. It delivers its "
 "message well. It's a fair and reasonable message."
 msgstr ""
 
 #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><section><para>
 msgid ""
 "Fair enough. It's a good ad. Not terribly misleading. It delivers its "
 "message well. It's a fair and reasonable message."
 msgstr ""
 
 #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><section><para>

-#: freeculture.xml:8324
+#: freeculture.xml:8462

 msgid ""
 "But let's say you think it is a wrong message, and you'd like to run a "
 "countercommercial. Say you want to run a series of ads that try to "
 msgid ""
 "But let's say you think it is a wrong message, and you'd like to run a "
 "countercommercial. Say you want to run a series of ads that try to "


@@ -11314,7 +11945,7 @@ msgstr ""
 
 #.  PAGE BREAK 179 
 #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><section><para>
 
 #.  PAGE BREAK 179 
 #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><section><para>

-#: freeculture.xml:8330
+#: freeculture.xml:8468

 msgid ""
 "Well, obviously, these ads cost lots of money. Assume you raise the "
 "money. Assume a group of concerned citizens donates all the money in the "
 msgid ""
 "Well, obviously, these ads cost lots of money. Assume you raise the "
 "money. Assume a group of concerned citizens donates all the money in the "


@@ -11323,32 +11954,32 @@ msgid ""
 msgstr ""
 
 #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><section><para><footnote><para><indexterm><primary>
 msgstr ""
 
 #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><section><para><footnote><para><indexterm><primary>

-#: freeculture.xml:8372
+#: freeculture.xml:8510

 msgid "Comcast"
 msgstr ""
 
 #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><section><para><footnote><para><indexterm><primary>
 msgid "Comcast"
 msgstr ""
 
 #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><section><para><footnote><para><indexterm><primary>

-#: freeculture.xml:8373
+#: freeculture.xml:8511

 msgid "Marijuana Policy Project"
 msgstr ""
 
 #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><section><para><footnote><para><indexterm><primary>
 msgid "Marijuana Policy Project"
 msgstr ""
 
 #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><section><para><footnote><para><indexterm><primary>

-#: freeculture.xml:8374
+#: freeculture.xml:8512

 msgid "NBC"
 msgstr ""
 
 #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><section><para><footnote><para><indexterm><primary>
 msgid "NBC"
 msgstr ""
 
 #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><section><para><footnote><para><indexterm><primary>

-#: freeculture.xml:8375
+#: freeculture.xml:8513

 msgid "WJOA"
 msgstr ""
 
 #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><section><para><footnote><para><indexterm><primary>
 msgid "WJOA"
 msgstr ""
 
 #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><section><para><footnote><para><indexterm><primary>

-#: freeculture.xml:8376
+#: freeculture.xml:8514

 msgid "WRC"
 msgstr ""
 
 #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><section><para><footnote><para>
 msgid "WRC"
 msgstr ""
 
 #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><section><para><footnote><para>

-#: freeculture.xml:8347
+#: freeculture.xml:8485

 msgid ""
 "The Marijuana Policy Project, in February 2003, sought to place ads that "
 "directly responded to the Nick and Norm series on stations within the "
 msgid ""
 "The Marijuana Policy Project, in February 2003, sought to place ads that "
 "directly responded to the Nick and Norm series on stations within the "


@@ -11382,7 +12013,7 @@ msgid ""
 msgstr ""
 
 #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><section><para>
 msgstr ""
 
 #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><section><para>

-#: freeculture.xml:8337
+#: freeculture.xml:8475

 msgid ""
 "No. You cannot. Television stations have a general policy of avoiding "
 "<quote>controversial</quote> ads. Ads sponsored by the government are deemed "
 msgid ""
 "No. You cannot. Television stations have a general policy of avoiding "
 "<quote>controversial</quote> ads. Ads sponsored by the government are deemed "


@@ -11396,7 +12027,7 @@ msgid ""
 msgstr ""
 
 #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><section><para>
 msgstr ""
 
 #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><section><para>

-#: freeculture.xml:8381
+#: freeculture.xml:8519

 msgid ""
 "I'd be happy to defend the networks' rights, as well&mdash;if we lived in a "
 "media market that was truly diverse. But concentration in the media throws "
 msgid ""
 "I'd be happy to defend the networks' rights, as well&mdash;if we lived in a "
 "media market that was truly diverse. But concentration in the media throws "


@@ -11409,12 +12040,12 @@ msgid ""
 msgstr ""
 
 #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><section><title>
 msgstr ""
 
 #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><section><title>

-#: freeculture.xml:8394
+#: freeculture.xml:8532

 msgid "Together"
 msgstr ""
 
 #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><section><para>
 msgid "Together"
 msgstr ""
 
 #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><section><para>

-#: freeculture.xml:8396
+#: freeculture.xml:8534

 msgid ""
 "There is something innocent and obvious about the claim of the copyright "
 "warriors that the government should <quote>protect my property.</quote> In "
 msgid ""
 "There is something innocent and obvious about the claim of the copyright "
 "warriors that the government should <quote>protect my property.</quote> In "


@@ -11424,7 +12055,7 @@ msgstr ""
 
 #.  PAGE BREAK 180 
 #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><section><para>
 
 #.  PAGE BREAK 180 
 #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><section><para>

-#: freeculture.xml:8402
+#: freeculture.xml:8540

 msgid ""
 "But when we see how dramatically this <quote>property</quote> has "
 "changed&mdash; when we recognize how it might now interact with both "
 msgid ""
 "But when we see how dramatically this <quote>property</quote> has "
 "changed&mdash; when we recognize how it might now interact with both "


@@ -11439,7 +12070,7 @@ msgid ""
 msgstr ""
 
 #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><section><para>
 msgstr ""
 
 #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><section><para>

-#: freeculture.xml:8418
+#: freeculture.xml:8556

 msgid ""
 "Not starkly. Or absolutely. My point is not that we should abolish copyright "
 "or go back to the eighteenth century. That would be a total mistake, "
 msgid ""
 "Not starkly. Or absolutely. My point is not that we should abolish copyright "
 "or go back to the eighteenth century. That would be a total mistake, "


@@ -11448,7 +12079,7 @@ msgid ""
 msgstr ""
 
 #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><section><para>
 msgstr ""
 
 #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><section><para>

-#: freeculture.xml:8424
+#: freeculture.xml:8562

 msgid ""
 "But there is a space between zero and one, Internet culture "
 "notwithstanding.  And these massive shifts in the effective power of "
 msgid ""
 "But there is a space between zero and one, Internet culture "
 "notwithstanding.  And these massive shifts in the effective power of "


@@ -11462,7 +12093,7 @@ msgid ""
 msgstr ""
 
 #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><section><para>
 msgstr ""
 
 #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><section><para>

-#: freeculture.xml:8436
+#: freeculture.xml:8574

 msgid ""
 "Copyright law has not been a rock of Gibraltar. It's not a set of constant "
 "commitments that, for some mysterious reason, teenagers and geeks now "
 msgid ""
 "Copyright law has not been a rock of Gibraltar. It's not a set of constant "
 "commitments that, for some mysterious reason, teenagers and geeks now "


@@ -11477,7 +12108,7 @@ msgstr ""
 
 #.  PAGE BREAK 181 
 #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><section><para>
 
 #.  PAGE BREAK 181 
 #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><section><para>

-#: freeculture.xml:8448
+#: freeculture.xml:8586

 msgid ""
 "For the single point that is lost in this war on pirates is a point that we "
 "see only after surveying the range of these changes. When you add together "
 msgid ""
 "For the single point that is lost in this war on pirates is a point that we "
 "see only after surveying the range of these changes. When you add together "


@@ -11488,15 +12119,15 @@ msgid ""
 msgstr ""
 
 #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><section><para><footnote><para>
 msgstr ""
 
 #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><section><para><footnote><para>

-#: freeculture.xml:8472
+#: freeculture.xml:8610

 msgid ""
 msgid ""

-"Siva Vaidhyanathan captures a similar point in his <quote>four "
-"surrenders</quote> of copyright law in the digital age. See Vaidhyanathan, "
-"159&ndash;60.  <placeholder type=\"indexterm\" id=\"0\"/>"
+"<placeholder type=\"indexterm\" id=\"0\"/> Siva Vaidhyanathan captures a "
+"similar point in his <quote>four surrenders</quote> of copyright law in the "
+"digital age. See Vaidhyanathan, 159&ndash;60."

 msgstr ""
 
 #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><section><para>
 msgstr ""
 
 #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><section><para>

-#: freeculture.xml:8457
+#: freeculture.xml:8595

 msgid ""
 "Not when copyrights were perpetual, for when copyrights were perpetual, they "
 "affected only that precise creative work. Not when only publishers had the "
 msgid ""
 "Not when copyrights were perpetual, for when copyrights were perpetual, they "
 "affected only that precise creative work. Not when only publishers had the "


@@ -11514,12 +12145,14 @@ msgid ""
 msgstr ""
 
 #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><section><para>
 msgstr ""
 
 #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><section><para>

-#: freeculture.xml:8478
-msgid "This has been a long chapter. Its point can now be briefly stated."
+#: freeculture.xml:8616
+msgid ""
+"<emphasis role='strong'>This has been</emphasis> a long chapter. Its point "
+"can now be briefly stated."

 msgstr ""
 
 #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><section><para>
 msgstr ""
 
 #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><section><para>

-#: freeculture.xml:8481
+#: freeculture.xml:8620

 msgid ""
 "At the start of this book, I distinguished between commercial and "
 "noncommercial culture. In the course of this chapter, I have distinguished "
 msgid ""
 "At the start of this book, I distinguished between commercial and "
 "noncommercial culture. In the course of this chapter, I have distinguished "


@@ -11529,38 +12162,38 @@ msgid ""
 msgstr ""
 
 #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><section><informaltable><tgroup><thead><row><entry>
 msgstr ""
 
 #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><section><informaltable><tgroup><thead><row><entry>

-#: freeculture.xml:8493 freeculture.xml:8530
+#: freeculture.xml:8632 freeculture.xml:8669

 msgid "PUBLISH"
 msgstr ""
 
 #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><section><informaltable><tgroup><thead><row><entry>
 msgid "PUBLISH"
 msgstr ""
 
 #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><section><informaltable><tgroup><thead><row><entry>

-#: freeculture.xml:8494 freeculture.xml:8531 freeculture.xml:8569 freeculture.xml:8601
+#: freeculture.xml:8633 freeculture.xml:8670 freeculture.xml:8708 freeculture.xml:8740

 msgid "TRANSFORM"
 msgstr ""
 
 #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><section><informaltable><tgroup><tbody><row><entry>
 msgid "TRANSFORM"
 msgstr ""
 
 #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><section><informaltable><tgroup><tbody><row><entry>

-#: freeculture.xml:8499 freeculture.xml:8536 freeculture.xml:8574 freeculture.xml:8606
+#: freeculture.xml:8638 freeculture.xml:8675 freeculture.xml:8713 freeculture.xml:8745

 msgid "Commercial"
 msgstr ""
 
 #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><section><informaltable><tgroup><tbody><row><entry>
 msgid "Commercial"
 msgstr ""
 
 #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><section><informaltable><tgroup><tbody><row><entry>

-#: freeculture.xml:8500 freeculture.xml:8537 freeculture.xml:8538 freeculture.xml:8575 freeculture.xml:8576 freeculture.xml:8607 freeculture.xml:8608 freeculture.xml:8612 freeculture.xml:8613
+#: freeculture.xml:8639 freeculture.xml:8676 freeculture.xml:8677 freeculture.xml:8714 freeculture.xml:8715 freeculture.xml:8746 freeculture.xml:8747 freeculture.xml:8751 freeculture.xml:8752

 msgid "&copy;"
 msgstr ""
 
 #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><section><informaltable><tgroup><tbody><row><entry>
 msgid "&copy;"
 msgstr ""
 
 #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><section><informaltable><tgroup><tbody><row><entry>

-#: freeculture.xml:8501 freeculture.xml:8505 freeculture.xml:8506 freeculture.xml:8542 freeculture.xml:8543 freeculture.xml:8581
+#: freeculture.xml:8640 freeculture.xml:8644 freeculture.xml:8645 freeculture.xml:8681 freeculture.xml:8682 freeculture.xml:8720

 msgid "Free"
 msgstr ""
 
 #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><section><informaltable><tgroup><tbody><row><entry>
 msgid "Free"
 msgstr ""
 
 #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><section><informaltable><tgroup><tbody><row><entry>

-#: freeculture.xml:8504 freeculture.xml:8541 freeculture.xml:8579 freeculture.xml:8611
+#: freeculture.xml:8643 freeculture.xml:8680 freeculture.xml:8718 freeculture.xml:8750

 msgid "Noncommercial"
 msgstr ""
 
 #.  PAGE BREAK 182 
 #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><section><para>
 msgid "Noncommercial"
 msgstr ""
 
 #.  PAGE BREAK 182 
 #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><section><para>

-#: freeculture.xml:8513
+#: freeculture.xml:8652

 msgid ""
 "The act of publishing a map, chart, and book was regulated by copyright "
 "law. Nothing else was. Transformations were free. And as copyright attached "
 msgid ""
 "The act of publishing a map, chart, and book was regulated by copyright "
 "law. Nothing else was. Transformations were free. And as copyright attached "


@@ -11570,12 +12203,12 @@ msgid ""
 msgstr ""
 
 #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><section><para>
 msgstr ""
 
 #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><section><para>

-#: freeculture.xml:8522
+#: freeculture.xml:8661

 msgid "By the end of the nineteenth century, the law had changed to this:"
 msgstr ""
 
 #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><section><para>
 msgid "By the end of the nineteenth century, the law had changed to this:"
 msgstr ""
 
 #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><section><para>

-#: freeculture.xml:8550
+#: freeculture.xml:8689

 msgid ""
 "Derivative works were now regulated by copyright law&mdash;if published, "
 "which again, given the economics of publishing at the time, means if offered "
 msgid ""
 "Derivative works were now regulated by copyright law&mdash;if published, "
 "which again, given the economics of publishing at the time, means if offered "


@@ -11584,7 +12217,7 @@ msgid ""
 msgstr ""
 
 #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><section><para>
 msgstr ""
 
 #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><section><para>

-#: freeculture.xml:8556
+#: freeculture.xml:8695

 msgid ""
 "In 1909 the law changed to regulate copies, not publishing, and after this "
 "change, the scope of the law was tied to technology. As the technology of "
 msgid ""
 "In 1909 the law changed to regulate copies, not publishing, and after this "
 "change, the scope of the law was tied to technology. As the technology of "


@@ -11594,17 +12227,17 @@ msgid ""
 msgstr ""
 
 #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><section><informaltable><tgroup><thead><row><entry>
 msgstr ""
 
 #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><section><informaltable><tgroup><thead><row><entry>

-#: freeculture.xml:8568 freeculture.xml:8600
+#: freeculture.xml:8707 freeculture.xml:8739

 msgid "COPY"
 msgstr ""
 
 #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><section><informaltable><tgroup><tbody><row><entry>
 msgid "COPY"
 msgstr ""
 
 #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><section><informaltable><tgroup><tbody><row><entry>

-#: freeculture.xml:8580
+#: freeculture.xml:8719

 msgid "&copy;/Free"
 msgstr ""
 
 #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><section><para>
 msgid "&copy;/Free"
 msgstr ""
 
 #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><section><para>

-#: freeculture.xml:8588
+#: freeculture.xml:8727

 msgid ""
 "The law was interpreted to reach noncommercial copying through, say, copy "
 "machines, but still much of copying outside of the commercial market "
 msgid ""
 "The law was interpreted to reach noncommercial copying through, say, copy "
 "machines, but still much of copying outside of the commercial market "


@@ -11615,7 +12248,7 @@ msgstr ""
 
 #.  PAGE BREAK 183 
 #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><section><para>
 
 #.  PAGE BREAK 183 
 #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><section><para>

-#: freeculture.xml:8620
+#: freeculture.xml:8759

 msgid ""
 "Every realm is governed by copyright law, whereas before most creativity was "
 "not. The law now regulates the full range of creativity&mdash; commercial or "
 msgid ""
 "Every realm is governed by copyright law, whereas before most creativity was "
 "not. The law now regulates the full range of creativity&mdash; commercial or "


@@ -11624,7 +12257,7 @@ msgid ""
 msgstr ""
 
 #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><section><para>
 msgstr ""
 
 #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><section><para>

-#: freeculture.xml:8628
+#: freeculture.xml:8767

 msgid ""
 "Obviously, copyright law is not the enemy. The enemy is regulation that does "
 "no good. So the question that we should be asking just now is whether "
 msgid ""
 "Obviously, copyright law is not the enemy. The enemy is regulation that does "
 "no good. So the question that we should be asking just now is whether "


@@ -11633,7 +12266,7 @@ msgid ""
 msgstr ""
 
 #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><section><para>
 msgstr ""
 
 #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><section><para>

-#: freeculture.xml:8634
+#: freeculture.xml:8773

 msgid ""
 "I have no doubt that it does good in regulating commercial copying.  But I "
 "also have no doubt that it does more harm than good when regulating (as it "
 msgid ""
 "I have no doubt that it does good in regulating commercial copying.  But I "
 "also have no doubt that it does more harm than good when regulating (as it "


@@ -11647,12 +12280,12 @@ msgid ""
 msgstr ""
 
 #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><section><para><footnote><para><indexterm><primary>
 msgstr ""
 
 #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><section><para><footnote><para><indexterm><primary>

-#: freeculture.xml:8658
+#: freeculture.xml:8797

 msgid "legal realist movement"
 msgstr ""
 
 #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><section><para><footnote><para>
 msgid "legal realist movement"
 msgstr ""
 
 #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><section><para><footnote><para>

-#: freeculture.xml:8652
+#: freeculture.xml:8791

 msgid ""
 "It was the single most important contribution of the legal realist movement "
 "to demonstrate that all property rights are always crafted to balance public "
 msgid ""
 "It was the single most important contribution of the legal realist movement "
 "to demonstrate that all property rights are always crafted to balance public "


@@ -11663,7 +12296,7 @@ msgid ""
 msgstr ""
 
 #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><section><para>
 msgstr ""
 
 #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><section><para>

-#: freeculture.xml:8646
+#: freeculture.xml:8785

 msgid ""
 "The issue is therefore not simply whether copyright is property. Of course "
 "copyright is a kind of <quote>property,</quote> and of course, as with any "
 msgid ""
 "The issue is therefore not simply whether copyright is property. Of course "
 "copyright is a kind of <quote>property,</quote> and of course, as with any "


@@ -11681,7 +12314,7 @@ msgstr ""
 
 #.  PAGE BREAK 184 
 #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><section><para>
 
 #.  PAGE BREAK 184 
 #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><section><para>

-#: freeculture.xml:8671
+#: freeculture.xml:8810

 msgid ""
 "We achieved that free culture because our law respected important limits on "
 "the scope of the interests protected by <quote>property.</quote> The very "
 msgid ""
 "We achieved that free culture because our law respected important limits on "
 "the scope of the interests protected by <quote>property.</quote> The very "


@@ -11700,7 +12333,7 @@ msgid ""
 msgstr ""
 
 #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><section><para>
 msgstr ""
 
 #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><section><para>

-#: freeculture.xml:8690
+#: freeculture.xml:8829

 msgid ""
 "Free culture is increasingly the casualty in this war on piracy. In response "
 "to a real, if not yet quantified, threat that the technologies of the "
 msgid ""
 "Free culture is increasingly the casualty in this war on piracy. In response "
 "to a real, if not yet quantified, threat that the technologies of the "


@@ -11715,33 +12348,33 @@ msgid ""
 msgstr ""
 
 #. type: Content of: <book><part><title>
 msgstr ""
 
 #. type: Content of: <book><part><title>

-#: freeculture.xml:8707
+#: freeculture.xml:8846

 msgid "PUZZLES"
 msgstr ""
 
 #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><title>
 msgid "PUZZLES"
 msgstr ""
 
 #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><title>

-#: freeculture.xml:8711
+#: freeculture.xml:8850

 msgid "CHAPTER ELEVEN: Chimera"
 msgstr ""
 
 #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><indexterm><primary>
 msgid "CHAPTER ELEVEN: Chimera"
 msgstr ""
 
 #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><indexterm><primary>

-#: freeculture.xml:8713
+#: freeculture.xml:8851

 msgid "chimeras"
 msgstr ""
 
 #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><indexterm><primary>
 msgid "chimeras"
 msgstr ""
 
 #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><indexterm><primary>

-#: freeculture.xml:8716
+#: freeculture.xml:8852

 msgid "Wells, H. G."
 msgstr ""
 
 #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><indexterm><primary>
 msgid "Wells, H. G."
 msgstr ""
 
 #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><indexterm><primary>

-#: freeculture.xml:8719
+#: freeculture.xml:8853

 msgid "<quote>Country of the Blind, The</quote> (Wells)"
 msgstr ""
 
 #.  f1. 
 #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para><footnote><para>
 msgid "<quote>Country of the Blind, The</quote> (Wells)"
 msgstr ""
 
 #.  f1. 
 #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para><footnote><para>

-#: freeculture.xml:8727
+#: freeculture.xml:8861

 msgid ""
 "H. G. Wells, <quote>The Country of the Blind</quote> (1904, 1911). See "
 "H. G. Wells, <citetitle>The Country of the Blind and Other "
 msgid ""
 "H. G. Wells, <quote>The Country of the Blind</quote> (1904, 1911). See "
 "H. G. Wells, <citetitle>The Country of the Blind and Other "


@@ -11750,11 +12383,12 @@ msgid ""
 msgstr ""
 
 #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para>
 msgstr ""
 
 #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para>

-#: freeculture.xml:8723
+#: freeculture.xml:8856

 msgid ""
 msgid ""

-"In a well-known short story by H. G. Wells, a mountain climber named Nunez "
-"trips (literally, down an ice slope) into an unknown and isolated valley in "
-"the Peruvian Andes.<placeholder type=\"footnote\" id=\"0\"/> The valley is "
+"<emphasis role='strong'>In a well-known</emphasis> short story by "
+"H. G. Wells, a mountain climber named Nunez trips (literally, down an ice "
+"slope) into an unknown and isolated valley in the Peruvian "
+"Andes.<placeholder type=\"footnote\" id=\"0\"/> The valley is "

 "extraordinarily beautiful, with <quote>sweet water, pasture, an even "
 "climate, slopes of rich brown soil with tangles of a shrub that bore an "
 "excellent fruit.</quote> But the villagers are all blind. Nunez takes this "
 "extraordinarily beautiful, with <quote>sweet water, pasture, an even "
 "climate, slopes of rich brown soil with tangles of a shrub that bore an "
 "excellent fruit.</quote> But the villagers are all blind. Nunez takes this "


@@ -11764,7 +12398,7 @@ msgid ""
 msgstr ""
 
 #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para>
 msgstr ""
 
 #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para>

-#: freeculture.xml:8739
+#: freeculture.xml:8873

 msgid ""
 "Things don't go quite as he planned. He tries to explain the idea of sight "
 "to the villagers. They don't understand. He tells them they are "
 msgid ""
 "Things don't go quite as he planned. He tries to explain the idea of sight "
 "to the villagers. They don't understand. He tells them they are "


@@ -11779,7 +12413,7 @@ msgstr ""
 
 #.  PAGE BREAK 187 
 #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para>
 
 #.  PAGE BREAK 187 
 #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para>

-#: freeculture.xml:8751
+#: freeculture.xml:8885

 msgid ""
 "The villagers don't leave him alone. Nor do they see (so to speak) the "
 "virtue of his special power. Not even the ultimate target of his affection, "
 msgid ""
 "The villagers don't leave him alone. Nor do they see (so to speak) the "
 "virtue of his special power. Not even the ultimate target of his affection, "


@@ -11793,7 +12427,7 @@ msgid ""
 msgstr ""
 
 #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para>
 msgstr ""
 
 #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para>

-#: freeculture.xml:8762
+#: freeculture.xml:8896

 msgid ""
 "When Nunez announces his desire to marry his <quote>mysteriously "
 "delighted</quote> love, the father and the village object. <quote>You see, "
 msgid ""
 "When Nunez announces his desire to marry his <quote>mysteriously "
 "delighted</quote> love, the father and the village object. <quote>You see, "


@@ -11803,14 +12437,14 @@ msgid ""
 msgstr ""
 
 #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para>
 msgstr ""
 
 #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para>

-#: freeculture.xml:8768
+#: freeculture.xml:8902

 msgid ""
 "After a careful examination, the doctor gives his opinion. <quote>His brain "
 "is affected,</quote> he reports."
 msgstr ""
 
 #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para>
 msgid ""
 "After a careful examination, the doctor gives his opinion. <quote>His brain "
 "is affected,</quote> he reports."
 msgstr ""
 
 #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para>

-#: freeculture.xml:8772
+#: freeculture.xml:8906

 msgid ""
 "<quote>What affects it?</quote> the father asks.  <quote>Those queer things "
 "that are called the eyes &hellip; are diseased &hellip; in such a way as to "
 msgid ""
 "<quote>What affects it?</quote> the father asks.  <quote>Those queer things "
 "that are called the eyes &hellip; are diseased &hellip; in such a way as to "


@@ -11818,7 +12452,7 @@ msgid ""
 msgstr ""
 
 #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para>
 msgstr ""
 
 #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para>

-#: freeculture.xml:8777
+#: freeculture.xml:8911

 msgid ""
 "The doctor continues: <quote>I think I may say with reasonable certainty "
 "that in order to cure him completely, all that we need to do is a simple and "
 msgid ""
 "The doctor continues: <quote>I think I may say with reasonable certainty "
 "that in order to cure him completely, all that we need to do is a simple and "


@@ -11826,24 +12460,30 @@ msgid ""
 "eyes].</quote>"
 msgstr ""
 
 "eyes].</quote>"
 msgstr ""
 

-#.  PAGE BREAK 188 

 #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para>
 #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para>

-#: freeculture.xml:8783
+#: freeculture.xml:8917

 msgid ""
 "<quote>Thank Heaven for science!</quote> says the father to the doctor. They "
 "inform Nunez of this condition necessary for him to be allowed his bride.  "
 "(You'll have to read the original to learn what happens in the end. I "
 msgid ""
 "<quote>Thank Heaven for science!</quote> says the father to the doctor. They "
 "inform Nunez of this condition necessary for him to be allowed his bride.  "
 "(You'll have to read the original to learn what happens in the end. I "

-"believe in free culture, but never in giving away the end of a story.)  It "
-"sometimes happens that the eggs of twins fuse in the mother's womb. That "
-"fusion produces a <quote>chimera.</quote> A chimera is a single creature "
-"with two sets of DNA. The DNA in the blood, for example, might be different "
-"from the DNA of the skin. This possibility is an underused plot for murder "
+"believe in free culture, but never in giving away the end of a story.)"
+msgstr ""
+
+#.  PAGE BREAK 188 
+#. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para>
+#: freeculture.xml:8923
+msgid ""
+"<emphasis role='strong'>It sometimes</emphasis> happens that the eggs of "
+"twins fuse in the mother's womb. That fusion produces a "
+"<quote>chimera.</quote> A chimera is a single creature with two sets of "
+"DNA. The DNA in the blood, for example, might be different from the DNA of "
+"the skin. This possibility is an underused plot for murder "

 "mysteries. <quote>But the DNA shows with 100 percent certainty that she was "
 "not the person whose blood was at the scene. &hellip;</quote>"
 msgstr ""
 
 #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para>
 "mysteries. <quote>But the DNA shows with 100 percent certainty that she was "
 "not the person whose blood was at the scene. &hellip;</quote>"
 msgstr ""
 
 #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para>

-#: freeculture.xml:8800
+#: freeculture.xml:8937

 msgid ""
 "Before I had read about chimeras, I would have said they were impossible.  A "
 "single person can't have two sets of DNA. The very idea of DNA is that it is "
 msgid ""
 "Before I had read about chimeras, I would have said they were impossible.  A "
 "single person can't have two sets of DNA. The very idea of DNA is that it is "


@@ -11854,7 +12494,7 @@ msgid ""
 msgstr ""
 
 #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para>
 msgstr ""
 
 #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para>

-#: freeculture.xml:8808
+#: freeculture.xml:8945

 msgid ""
 "The more I work to understand the current struggle over copyright and "
 "culture, which I've sometimes called unfairly, and sometimes not unfairly "
 msgid ""
 "The more I work to understand the current struggle over copyright and "
 "culture, which I've sometimes called unfairly, and sometimes not unfairly "


@@ -11871,7 +12511,7 @@ msgid ""
 msgstr ""
 
 #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para>
 msgstr ""
 
 #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para>

-#: freeculture.xml:8822
+#: freeculture.xml:8959

 msgid ""
 "But the description is also false in part. For when my p2p server is on a "
 "p2p network through which anyone can get access to my music, then sure, my "
 msgid ""
 "But the description is also false in part. For when my p2p server is on a "
 "p2p network through which anyone can get access to my music, then sure, my "


@@ -11884,7 +12524,7 @@ msgid ""
 msgstr ""
 
 #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para>
 msgstr ""
 
 #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para>

-#: freeculture.xml:8831
+#: freeculture.xml:8968

 msgid ""
 "Likewise, when the other side says, <quote>File sharing is just like walking "
 "into a Tower Records and taking a CD off the shelf and walking out with "
 msgid ""
 "Likewise, when the other side says, <quote>File sharing is just like walking "
 "into a Tower Records and taking a CD off the shelf and walking out with "


@@ -11896,7 +12536,7 @@ msgstr ""
 
 #.  PAGE BREAK 189 
 #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para>
 
 #.  PAGE BREAK 189 
 #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para>

-#: freeculture.xml:8842
+#: freeculture.xml:8979

 msgid ""
 "But it is not quite stealing from Tower. After all, when I take a CD from "
 "Tower Records, Tower has one less CD to sell. And when I take a CD from "
 msgid ""
 "But it is not quite stealing from Tower. After all, when I take a CD from "
 "Tower Records, Tower has one less CD to sell. And when I take a CD from "


@@ -11908,7 +12548,7 @@ msgid ""
 msgstr ""
 
 #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para>
 msgstr ""
 
 #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para>

-#: freeculture.xml:8852
+#: freeculture.xml:8989

 msgid ""
 "The point is not that it is as neither side describes. The point is that it "
 "is both&mdash;both as the RIAA describes it and as Kazaa describes it. It is "
 msgid ""
 "The point is not that it is as neither side describes. The point is that it "
 "is both&mdash;both as the RIAA describes it and as Kazaa describes it. It is "


@@ -11918,22 +12558,22 @@ msgid ""
 msgstr ""
 
 #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><section><indexterm><primary>
 msgstr ""
 
 #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><section><indexterm><primary>

-#: freeculture.xml:8868 freeculture.xml:9149 freeculture.xml:10187
+#: freeculture.xml:9005 freeculture.xml:9287 freeculture.xml:10323

 msgid "ISPs (Internet service providers), user identities revealed by"
 msgstr ""
 
 #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para><footnote><para><indexterm><primary>
 msgid "ISPs (Internet service providers), user identities revealed by"
 msgstr ""
 
 #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para><footnote><para><indexterm><primary>

-#: freeculture.xml:8899
+#: freeculture.xml:9036

 msgid "Conyers, John, Jr."
 msgstr ""
 
 #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><section><para><footnote><para><indexterm><primary>
 msgid "Conyers, John, Jr."
 msgstr ""
 
 #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><section><para><footnote><para><indexterm><primary>

-#: freeculture.xml:8900 freeculture.xml:9612
+#: freeculture.xml:9037 freeculture.xml:9758

 msgid "Berman, Howard L."
 msgstr ""
 
 #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para><footnote><para>
 msgid "Berman, Howard L."
 msgstr ""
 
 #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para><footnote><para>

-#: freeculture.xml:8868
+#: freeculture.xml:9005

 msgid ""
 "<placeholder type=\"indexterm\" id=\"0\"/> For an excellent summary, see the "
 "report prepared by GartnerG2 and the Berkman Center for Internet and Society "
 msgid ""
 "<placeholder type=\"indexterm\" id=\"0\"/> For an excellent summary, see the "
 "report prepared by GartnerG2 and the Berkman Center for Internet and Society "


@@ -11969,7 +12609,7 @@ msgid ""
 msgstr ""
 
 #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para>
 msgstr ""
 
 #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para>

-#: freeculture.xml:8859
+#: freeculture.xml:8996

 msgid ""
 "We could respond by simply pretending that it is not a chimera. We could, "
 "with the RIAA, decide that every act of file sharing should be a felony. We "
 msgid ""
 "We could respond by simply pretending that it is not a chimera. We could, "
 "with the RIAA, decide that every act of file sharing should be a felony. We "


@@ -11982,7 +12622,7 @@ msgid ""
 msgstr ""
 
 #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para>
 msgstr ""
 
 #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para>

-#: freeculture.xml:8906
+#: freeculture.xml:9043

 msgid ""
 "Alternatively, we could respond to file sharing the way many kids act as "
 "though we've responded. We could totally legalize it. Let there be no "
 msgid ""
 "Alternatively, we could respond to file sharing the way many kids act as "
 "though we've responded. We could totally legalize it. Let there be no "


@@ -11992,7 +12632,7 @@ msgid ""
 msgstr ""
 
 #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para>
 msgstr ""
 
 #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para>

-#: freeculture.xml:8913
+#: freeculture.xml:9050

 msgid ""
 "Either response is possible. I think either would be a mistake.  Rather than "
 "embrace one of these two extremes, we should embrace something that "
 msgid ""
 "Either response is possible. I think either would be a mistake.  Rather than "
 "embrace one of these two extremes, we should embrace something that "


@@ -12006,7 +12646,7 @@ msgstr ""
 
 #.  PAGE BREAK 190 
 #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para>
 
 #.  PAGE BREAK 190 
 #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para>

-#: freeculture.xml:8925
+#: freeculture.xml:9062

 msgid ""
 "Yet zero tolerance is increasingly our government's policy. In the middle of "
 "the chaos that the Internet has created, an extraordinary land grab is "
 msgid ""
 "Yet zero tolerance is increasingly our government's policy. In the middle of "
 "the chaos that the Internet has created, an extraordinary land grab is "


@@ -12017,7 +12657,7 @@ msgid ""
 msgstr ""
 
 #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para>
 msgstr ""
 
 #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para>

-#: freeculture.xml:8933
+#: freeculture.xml:9070

 msgid ""
 "I'm not talking about the opportunities for kids to <quote>steal</quote> "
 "music. My focus instead is the commercial and cultural innovation that this "
 msgid ""
 "I'm not talking about the opportunities for kids to <quote>steal</quote> "
 "music. My focus instead is the commercial and cultural innovation that this "


@@ -12031,14 +12671,14 @@ msgid ""
 msgstr ""
 
 #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><blockquote><para>
 msgstr ""
 
 #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><blockquote><para>

-#: freeculture.xml:8946
+#: freeculture.xml:9083

 msgid ""
 "eMusic opposes music piracy. We are a distributor of copyrighted material, "
 "and we want to protect those rights."
 msgstr ""
 
 #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><blockquote><para>
 msgid ""
 "eMusic opposes music piracy. We are a distributor of copyrighted material, "
 "and we want to protect those rights."
 msgstr ""
 
 #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><blockquote><para>

-#: freeculture.xml:8950
+#: freeculture.xml:9087

 msgid ""
 "But building a technology fortress that locks in the clout of the major "
 "labels is by no means the only way to protect copyright interests, nor is it "
 msgid ""
 "But building a technology fortress that locks in the clout of the major "
 "labels is by no means the only way to protect copyright interests, nor is it "


@@ -12049,7 +12689,7 @@ msgstr ""
 
 #.  f3. 
 #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><blockquote><para><footnote><para>
 
 #.  f3. 
 #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><blockquote><para><footnote><para>

-#: freeculture.xml:8967
+#: freeculture.xml:9104

 msgid ""
 "WIPO and the DMCA One Year Later: Assessing Consumer Access to Digital "
 "Entertainment on the Internet and Other Media: Hearing Before the "
 msgid ""
 "WIPO and the DMCA One Year Later: Assessing Consumer Access to Digital "
 "Entertainment on the Internet and Other Media: Hearing Before the "


@@ -12060,7 +12700,7 @@ msgid ""
 msgstr ""
 
 #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><blockquote><para>
 msgstr ""
 
 #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><blockquote><para>

-#: freeculture.xml:8957
+#: freeculture.xml:9094

 msgid ""
 "This is a critical point. The choices that industry sectors make with "
 "respect to these systems will in many ways directly shape the market for "
 msgid ""
 "This is a critical point. The choices that industry sectors make with "
 "respect to these systems will in many ways directly shape the market for "


@@ -12073,12 +12713,12 @@ msgid ""
 msgstr ""
 
 #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><section><indexterm><primary>
 msgstr ""
 
 #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><section><indexterm><primary>

-#: freeculture.xml:8981 freeculture.xml:9337
+#: freeculture.xml:9118 freeculture.xml:9476

 msgid "Vivendi Universal"
 msgstr ""
 
 #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para>
 msgid "Vivendi Universal"
 msgstr ""
 
 #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para>

-#: freeculture.xml:8978
+#: freeculture.xml:9115

 msgid ""
 "In April 2001, eMusic.com was purchased by Vivendi Universal, one of "
 "<quote>the major labels.</quote> Its position on these matters has now "
 msgid ""
 "In April 2001, eMusic.com was purchased by Vivendi Universal, one of "
 "<quote>the major labels.</quote> Its position on these matters has now "


@@ -12086,7 +12726,7 @@ msgid ""
 msgstr ""
 
 #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para>
 msgstr ""
 
 #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para>

-#: freeculture.xml:8984
+#: freeculture.xml:9121

 msgid ""
 "Reversing our tradition of tolerance now will not merely quash piracy. It "
 "will sacrifice values that are important to this culture, and will kill "
 msgid ""
 "Reversing our tradition of tolerance now will not merely quash piracy. It "
 "will sacrifice values that are important to this culture, and will kill "


@@ -12094,22 +12734,23 @@ msgid ""
 msgstr ""
 
 #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><title>
 msgstr ""
 
 #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><title>

-#: freeculture.xml:8992
+#: freeculture.xml:9129

 msgid "CHAPTER TWELVE: Harms"
 msgstr ""
 
 #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para>
 msgid "CHAPTER TWELVE: Harms"
 msgstr ""
 
 #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para>

-#: freeculture.xml:8994
+#: freeculture.xml:9131

 msgid ""
 msgid ""

-"To fight <quote>piracy,</quote> to protect <quote>property,</quote> the "
-"content industry has launched a war. Lobbying and lots of campaign "
-"contributions have now brought the government into this war. As with any "
-"war, this one will have both direct and collateral damage. As with any war "
-"of prohibition, these damages will be suffered most by our own people."
+"<emphasis role='strong'>To fight</emphasis> <quote>piracy,</quote> to "
+"protect <quote>property,</quote> the content industry has launched a "
+"war. Lobbying and lots of campaign contributions have now brought the "
+"government into this war. As with any war, this one will have both direct "
+"and collateral damage. As with any war of prohibition, these damages will be "
+"suffered most by our own people."

 msgstr ""
 
 #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para>
 msgstr ""
 
 #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para>

-#: freeculture.xml:9001
+#: freeculture.xml:9139

 msgid ""
 "My aim so far has been to describe the consequences of this war, in "
 "particular, the consequences for <quote>free culture.</quote> But my aim now "
 msgid ""
 "My aim so far has been to describe the consequences of this war, in "
 "particular, the consequences for <quote>free culture.</quote> But my aim now "


@@ -12118,7 +12759,7 @@ msgid ""
 msgstr ""
 
 #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para>
 msgstr ""
 
 #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para>

-#: freeculture.xml:9007
+#: freeculture.xml:9145

 msgid ""
 "In my view, it is not. There is no good reason why this time, for the first "
 "time, the law should defend the old against the new, just when the power of "
 msgid ""
 "In my view, it is not. There is no good reason why this time, for the first "
 "time, the law should defend the old against the new, just when the power of "


@@ -12127,7 +12768,7 @@ msgid ""
 msgstr ""
 
 #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para>
 msgstr ""
 
 #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para>

-#: freeculture.xml:9015
+#: freeculture.xml:9153

 msgid ""
 "Yet <quote>common sense</quote> does not see it this way. Common sense is "
 "still on the side of the Causbys and the content industry. The extreme "
 msgid ""
 "Yet <quote>common sense</quote> does not see it this way. Common sense is "
 "still on the side of the Causbys and the content industry. The extreme "


@@ -12137,7 +12778,7 @@ msgstr ""
 
 #.  PAGE BREAK 193 
 #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para>
 
 #.  PAGE BREAK 193 
 #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para>

-#: freeculture.xml:9023
+#: freeculture.xml:9161

 msgid ""
 "There will be many consequences of continuing this war. I want to describe "
 "just three. All three might be said to be unintended. I am quite confident "
 msgid ""
 "There will be many consequences of continuing this war. I want to describe "
 "just three. All three might be said to be unintended. I am quite confident "


@@ -12147,12 +12788,12 @@ msgid ""
 msgstr ""
 
 #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><section><title>
 msgstr ""
 
 #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><section><title>

-#: freeculture.xml:9030
+#: freeculture.xml:9168

 msgid "Constraining Creators"
 msgstr ""
 
 #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><section><para>
 msgid "Constraining Creators"
 msgstr ""
 
 #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><section><para>

-#: freeculture.xml:9032
+#: freeculture.xml:9170

 msgid ""
 "In the next ten years we will see an explosion of digital technologies.  "
 "These technologies will enable almost anyone to capture and share "
 msgid ""
 "In the next ten years we will see an explosion of digital technologies.  "
 "These technologies will enable almost anyone to capture and share "


@@ -12169,7 +12810,7 @@ msgid ""
 msgstr ""
 
 #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><section><para>
 msgstr ""
 
 #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><section><para>

-#: freeculture.xml:9047
+#: freeculture.xml:9185

 msgid ""
 "This digital <quote>capturing and sharing</quote> is in part an extension of "
 "the capturing and sharing that has always been integral to our culture, and "
 msgid ""
 "This digital <quote>capturing and sharing</quote> is in part an extension of "
 "the capturing and sharing that has always been integral to our culture, and "


@@ -12184,7 +12825,7 @@ msgstr ""
 
 #.  PAGE BREAK 194 
 #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><section><para>
 
 #.  PAGE BREAK 194 
 #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><section><para>

-#: freeculture.xml:9058
+#: freeculture.xml:9196

 msgid ""
 "Technology has thus given us an opportunity to do something with culture "
 "that has only ever been possible for individuals in small groups, isolated "
 msgid ""
 "Technology has thus given us an opportunity to do something with culture "
 "that has only ever been possible for individuals in small groups, isolated "


@@ -12194,7 +12835,7 @@ msgid ""
 msgstr ""
 
 #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><section><para>
 msgstr ""
 
 #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><section><para>

-#: freeculture.xml:9068
+#: freeculture.xml:9206

 msgid ""
 "Yet all this is possible only if the activity is presumptively legal. In the "
 "current regime of legal regulation, it is not. Forget file sharing for a "
 msgid ""
 "Yet all this is possible only if the activity is presumptively legal. In the "
 "current regime of legal regulation, it is not. Forget file sharing for a "


@@ -12207,13 +12848,13 @@ msgid ""
 "presumptively illegal."
 msgstr ""
 
 "presumptively illegal."
 msgstr ""
 

-#. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><section><para><indexterm><primary>
-#: freeculture.xml:9096 freeculture.xml:9117
+#. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><section><para><footnote><para><indexterm><primary>
+#: freeculture.xml:9216 freeculture.xml:9235

 msgid "Worldcom"
 msgstr ""
 
 #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><section><para><footnote><para>
 msgid "Worldcom"
 msgstr ""
 
 #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><section><para><footnote><para>

-#: freeculture.xml:9091
+#: freeculture.xml:9230

 msgid ""
 "See Lynne W. Jeter, <citetitle>Disconnected: Deceit and Betrayal at "
 "WorldCom</citetitle> (Hoboken, N.J.: John Wiley &amp; Sons, 2003), 176, 204; "
 msgid ""
 "See Lynne W. Jeter, <citetitle>Disconnected: Deceit and Betrayal at "
 "WorldCom</citetitle> (Hoboken, N.J.: John Wiley &amp; Sons, 2003), 176, 204; "


@@ -12224,12 +12865,12 @@ msgid ""
 msgstr ""
 
 #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><section><para><footnote><para><indexterm><primary>
 msgstr ""
 
 #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><section><para><footnote><para><indexterm><primary>

-#: freeculture.xml:9112
+#: freeculture.xml:9251

 msgid "Bush, George W."
 msgstr ""
 
 #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><section><para><footnote><para>
 msgid "Bush, George W."
 msgstr ""
 
 #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><section><para><footnote><para>

-#: freeculture.xml:9103
+#: freeculture.xml:9242

 msgid ""
 "The bill, modeled after California's tort reform model, was passed in the "
 "House of Representatives but defeated in a Senate vote in July 2003. For an "
 msgid ""
 "The bill, modeled after California's tort reform model, was passed in the "
 "House of Representatives but defeated in a Senate vote in July 2003. For an "


@@ -12243,7 +12884,7 @@ msgid ""
 msgstr ""
 
 #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><section><para>
 msgstr ""
 
 #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><section><para>

-#: freeculture.xml:9079
+#: freeculture.xml:9218

 msgid ""
 "That presumption will increasingly chill creativity, as the examples of "
 "extreme penalties for vague infringements continue to proliferate. It is "
 msgid ""
 "That presumption will increasingly chill creativity, as the examples of "
 "extreme penalties for vague infringements continue to proliferate. It is "


@@ -12260,17 +12901,17 @@ msgid ""
 "damages for pain and suffering.<placeholder type=\"footnote\" id=\"1\"/> Can "
 "common sense recognize the absurdity in a world where the maximum fine for "
 "downloading two songs off the Internet is more than the fine for a doctor's "
 "damages for pain and suffering.<placeholder type=\"footnote\" id=\"1\"/> Can "
 "common sense recognize the absurdity in a world where the maximum fine for "
 "downloading two songs off the Internet is more than the fine for a doctor's "

-"negligently butchering a patient? <placeholder type=\"indexterm\" id=\"2\"/>"
+"negligently butchering a patient?"

 msgstr ""
 
 #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><section><indexterm><primary>
 msgstr ""
 
 #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><section><indexterm><primary>

-#: freeculture.xml:9119
+#: freeculture.xml:9257

 msgid "art, underground"
 msgstr ""
 
 #.  f3. 
 #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><section><para><footnote><para>
 msgid "art, underground"
 msgstr ""
 
 #.  f3. 
 #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><section><para><footnote><para>

-#: freeculture.xml:9140
+#: freeculture.xml:9278

 msgid ""
 "See Danit Lidor, <quote>Artists Just Wanna Be Free,</quote> "
 "<citetitle>Wired</citetitle>, 7 July 2003, available at <ulink "
 msgid ""
 "See Danit Lidor, <quote>Artists Just Wanna Be Free,</quote> "
 "<citetitle>Wired</citetitle>, 7 July 2003, available at <ulink "


@@ -12280,7 +12921,7 @@ msgid ""
 msgstr ""
 
 #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><section><para>
 msgstr ""
 
 #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><section><para>

-#: freeculture.xml:9121
+#: freeculture.xml:9259

 msgid ""
 "The consequence of this legal uncertainty, tied to these extremely high "
 "penalties, is that an extraordinary amount of creativity will either never "
 msgid ""
 "The consequence of this legal uncertainty, tied to these extremely high "
 "penalties, is that an extraordinary amount of creativity will either never "


@@ -12300,7 +12941,7 @@ msgid ""
 msgstr ""
 
 #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><section><para>
 msgstr ""
 
 #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><section><para>

-#: freeculture.xml:9151
+#: freeculture.xml:9289

 msgid ""
 "Part of the reason for this fear of illegality has to do with the changing "
 "law. I described that change in detail in chapter <xref xrefstyle=\"select: "
 msgid ""
 "Part of the reason for this fear of illegality has to do with the changing "
 "law. I described that change in detail in chapter <xref xrefstyle=\"select: "


@@ -12314,7 +12955,7 @@ msgid ""
 msgstr ""
 
 #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><section><para>
 msgstr ""
 
 #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><section><para>

-#: freeculture.xml:9164
+#: freeculture.xml:9302

 msgid ""
 "Never in our history has a painter had to worry about whether his painting "
 "infringed on someone else's work; but the modern-day painter, using the "
 msgid ""
 "Never in our history has a painter had to worry about whether his painting "
 "infringed on someone else's work; but the modern-day painter, using the "


@@ -12328,7 +12969,7 @@ msgid ""
 msgstr ""
 
 #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><section><para>
 msgstr ""
 
 #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><section><para>

-#: freeculture.xml:9175
+#: freeculture.xml:9313

 msgid ""
 "Lawyers rarely see this because lawyers are rarely empirical. As I described "
 "in chapter <xref xrefstyle=\"select: labelnumber\" linkend=\"recorders\"/>, "
 msgid ""
 "Lawyers rarely see this because lawyers are rarely empirical. As I described "
 "in chapter <xref xrefstyle=\"select: labelnumber\" linkend=\"recorders\"/>, "


@@ -12339,7 +12980,7 @@ msgstr ""
 
 #.  PAGE BREAK 196 
 #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><section><para>
 
 #.  PAGE BREAK 196 
 #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><section><para>

-#: freeculture.xml:9186
+#: freeculture.xml:9324

 msgid ""
 "But fair use in America simply means the right to hire a lawyer to defend "
 "your right to create. And as lawyers love to forget, our system for "
 msgid ""
 "But fair use in America simply means the right to hire a lawyer to defend "
 "your right to create. And as lawyers love to forget, our system for "


@@ -12352,7 +12993,7 @@ msgid ""
 msgstr ""
 
 #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><section><para>
 msgstr ""
 
 #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><section><para>

-#: freeculture.xml:9196
+#: freeculture.xml:9334

 msgid ""
 "Judges and lawyers can tell themselves that fair use provides adequate "
 "<quote>breathing room</quote> between regulation by the law and the access "
 msgid ""
 "Judges and lawyers can tell themselves that fair use provides adequate "
 "<quote>breathing room</quote> between regulation by the law and the access "


@@ -12365,7 +13006,7 @@ msgid ""
 msgstr ""
 
 #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><section><para>
 msgstr ""
 
 #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><section><para>

-#: freeculture.xml:9207
+#: freeculture.xml:9345

 msgid ""
 "For in a world that threatens $150,000 for a single willful infringement of "
 "a copyright, and which demands tens of thousands of dollars to even defend "
 msgid ""
 "For in a world that threatens $150,000 for a single willful infringement of "
 "a copyright, and which demands tens of thousands of dollars to even defend "


@@ -12378,13 +13019,13 @@ msgid ""
 msgstr ""
 
 #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><section><para>
 msgstr ""
 
 #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><section><para>

-#: freeculture.xml:9218
+#: freeculture.xml:9356

 msgid "As Jed Horovitz, the businessman behind Video Pipeline, said to me,"
 msgstr ""
 
 #.  PAGE BREAK 197 
 #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><section><blockquote><para>
 msgid "As Jed Horovitz, the businessman behind Video Pipeline, said to me,"
 msgstr ""
 
 #.  PAGE BREAK 197 
 #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><section><blockquote><para>

-#: freeculture.xml:9222
+#: freeculture.xml:9360

 msgid ""
 "We're losing [creative] opportunities right and left. Creative people are "
 "being forced not to express themselves. Thoughts are not being "
 msgid ""
 "We're losing [creative] opportunities right and left. Creative people are "
 "being forced not to express themselves. Thoughts are not being "


@@ -12397,12 +13038,12 @@ msgid ""
 msgstr ""
 
 #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><section><title>
 msgstr ""
 
 #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><section><title>

-#: freeculture.xml:9235
+#: freeculture.xml:9373

 msgid "Constraining Innovators"
 msgstr ""
 
 #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><section><para>
 msgid "Constraining Innovators"
 msgstr ""
 
 #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><section><para>

-#: freeculture.xml:9237
+#: freeculture.xml:9375

 msgid ""
 "The story of the last section was a crunchy-lefty story&mdash;creativity "
 "quashed, artists who can't speak, yada yada yada. Maybe that doesn't get you "
 msgid ""
 "The story of the last section was a crunchy-lefty story&mdash;creativity "
 "quashed, artists who can't speak, yada yada yada. Maybe that doesn't get you "


@@ -12413,7 +13054,7 @@ msgid ""
 msgstr ""
 
 #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><section><para>
 msgstr ""
 
 #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><section><para>

-#: freeculture.xml:9245
+#: freeculture.xml:9383

 msgid ""
 "But there's an aspect of this story that is not lefty in any sense.  Indeed, "
 "it is an aspect that could be written by the most extreme promarket "
 msgid ""
 "But there's an aspect of this story that is not lefty in any sense.  Indeed, "
 "it is an aspect that could be written by the most extreme promarket "


@@ -12425,7 +13066,7 @@ msgid ""
 msgstr ""
 
 #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><section><para>
 msgstr ""
 
 #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><section><para>

-#: freeculture.xml:9255
+#: freeculture.xml:9393

 msgid ""
 "The charge I've been making about the regulation of culture is the same "
 "charge free marketers make about regulating markets. Everyone, of course, "
 msgid ""
 "The charge I've been making about the regulation of culture is the same "
 "charge free marketers make about regulating markets. Everyone, of course, "


@@ -12440,13 +13081,13 @@ msgid ""
 msgstr ""
 
 #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><section><indexterm><primary>
 msgstr ""
 
 #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><section><indexterm><primary>

-#: freeculture.xml:9267 freeculture.xml:9375
+#: freeculture.xml:9405 freeculture.xml:9513

 msgid "Barry, Hank"
 msgstr ""
 
 #.  PAGE BREAK 198 
 #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><section><para>
 msgid "Barry, Hank"
 msgstr ""
 
 #.  PAGE BREAK 198 
 #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><section><para>

-#: freeculture.xml:9269
+#: freeculture.xml:9407

 msgid ""
 "This is the single most dramatic effect of the shift in regulatory strategy "
 "that I described in chapter <xref xrefstyle=\"select: labelnumber\" "
 msgid ""
 "This is the single most dramatic effect of the shift in regulatory strategy "
 "that I described in chapter <xref xrefstyle=\"select: labelnumber\" "


@@ -12461,7 +13102,7 @@ msgid ""
 msgstr ""
 
 #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><section><para>
 msgstr ""
 
 #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><section><para>

-#: freeculture.xml:9282
+#: freeculture.xml:9420

 msgid ""
 "Consider one example to make the point, a story whose beginning I told in "
 "<citetitle>The Future of Ideas</citetitle> and which has progressed in a way "
 msgid ""
 "Consider one example to make the point, a story whose beginning I told in "
 "<citetitle>The Future of Ideas</citetitle> and which has progressed in a way "


@@ -12469,12 +13110,12 @@ msgid ""
 msgstr ""
 
 #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><section><indexterm><primary>
 msgstr ""
 
 #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><section><indexterm><primary>

-#: freeculture.xml:9286
+#: freeculture.xml:9424

 msgid "Roberts, Michael"
 msgstr ""
 
 #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><section><para>
 msgid "Roberts, Michael"
 msgstr ""
 
 #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><section><para>

-#: freeculture.xml:9288
+#: freeculture.xml:9426

 msgid ""
 "In 1997, Michael Roberts launched a company called MP3.com.  MP3.com was "
 "keen to remake the music business. Their goal was not just to facilitate new "
 msgid ""
 "In 1997, Michael Roberts launched a company called MP3.com.  MP3.com was "
 "keen to remake the music business. Their goal was not just to facilitate new "


@@ -12484,18 +13125,23 @@ msgid ""
 "the creators."
 msgstr ""
 
 "the creators."
 msgstr ""
 

+#. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><section><indexterm><secondary>
+#: freeculture.xml:9434
+msgid "preference data on"
+msgstr ""
+

 #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><section><para>
 #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><section><para>

-#: freeculture.xml:9296
+#: freeculture.xml:9436

 msgid ""
 "To make this system work, however, MP3.com needed a reliable way to "
 "recommend music to its users. The idea behind this alternative was to "
 "leverage the revealed preferences of music listeners to recommend new "
 "artists. If you like Lyle Lovett, you're likely to enjoy Bonnie Raitt. And "
 msgid ""
 "To make this system work, however, MP3.com needed a reliable way to "
 "recommend music to its users. The idea behind this alternative was to "
 "leverage the revealed preferences of music listeners to recommend new "
 "artists. If you like Lyle Lovett, you're likely to enjoy Bonnie Raitt. And "

-"so on.  <placeholder type=\"indexterm\" id=\"0\"/>"
+"so on."

 msgstr ""
 
 #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><section><para>
 msgstr ""
 
 #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><section><para>

-#: freeculture.xml:9304
+#: freeculture.xml:9443

 msgid ""
 "This idea required a simple way to gather data about user preferences.  "
 "MP3.com came up with an extraordinarily clever way to gather this preference "
 msgid ""
 "This idea required a simple way to gather data about user preferences.  "
 "MP3.com came up with an extraordinarily clever way to gather this preference "


@@ -12510,7 +13156,7 @@ msgstr ""
 
 #.  PAGE BREAK 199 
 #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><section><para>
 
 #.  PAGE BREAK 199 
 #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><section><para>

-#: freeculture.xml:9316
+#: freeculture.xml:9455

 msgid ""
 "No doubt some could use this system to illegally copy content. But that "
 "opportunity existed with or without MP3.com. The aim of the my.mp3.com "
 msgid ""
 "No doubt some could use this system to illegally copy content. But that "
 "opportunity existed with or without MP3.com. The aim of the my.mp3.com "


@@ -12520,7 +13166,7 @@ msgid ""
 msgstr ""
 
 #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><section><para>
 msgstr ""
 
 #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><section><para>

-#: freeculture.xml:9325
+#: freeculture.xml:9465

 msgid ""
 "To make this system function, however, MP3.com needed to copy 50,000 CDs to "
 "a server. (In principle, it could have been the user who uploaded the music, "
 msgid ""
 "To make this system function, however, MP3.com needed to copy 50,000 CDs to "
 "a server. (In principle, it could have been the user who uploaded the music, "


@@ -12534,7 +13180,7 @@ msgid ""
 msgstr ""
 
 #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><section><para>
 msgstr ""
 
 #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><section><para>

-#: freeculture.xml:9340
+#: freeculture.xml:9478

 msgid ""
 "Nine days after MP3.com launched its service, the five major labels, headed "
 "by the RIAA, brought a lawsuit against MP3.com. MP3.com settled with four of "
 msgid ""
 "Nine days after MP3.com launched its service, the five major labels, headed "
 "by the RIAA, brought a lawsuit against MP3.com. MP3.com settled with four of "


@@ -12546,12 +13192,12 @@ msgid ""
 msgstr ""
 
 #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><section><para>
 msgstr ""
 
 #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><section><para>

-#: freeculture.xml:9350
+#: freeculture.xml:9488

 msgid "That part of the story I have told before. Now consider its conclusion."
 msgstr ""
 
 #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><section><para>
 msgid "That part of the story I have told before. Now consider its conclusion."
 msgstr ""
 
 #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><section><para>

-#: freeculture.xml:9353
+#: freeculture.xml:9491

 msgid ""
 "After Vivendi purchased MP3.com, Vivendi turned around and filed a "
 "malpractice lawsuit against the lawyers who had advised it that they had a "
 msgid ""
 "After Vivendi purchased MP3.com, Vivendi turned around and filed a "
 "malpractice lawsuit against the lawyers who had advised it that they had a "


@@ -12564,7 +13210,7 @@ msgstr ""
 
 #.  PAGE BREAK 200 
 #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><section><para>
 
 #.  PAGE BREAK 200 
 #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><section><para>

-#: freeculture.xml:9363
+#: freeculture.xml:9501

 msgid ""
 "The clear purpose of this lawsuit (which was settled for an unspecified "
 "amount shortly after the story was no longer covered in the press) was to "
 msgid ""
 "The clear purpose of this lawsuit (which was settled for an unspecified "
 "amount shortly after the story was no longer covered in the press) was to "


@@ -12576,18 +13222,18 @@ msgid ""
 msgstr ""
 
 #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><section><indexterm><primary>
 msgstr ""
 
 #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><section><indexterm><primary>

-#: freeculture.xml:9374
+#: freeculture.xml:9512

 msgid "Hummer, John"
 msgstr ""
 
 #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><section><indexterm><primary>
 msgid "Hummer, John"
 msgstr ""
 
 #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><section><indexterm><primary>

-#: freeculture.xml:9376
+#: freeculture.xml:9514

 msgid "Hummer Winblad"
 msgstr ""
 
 #.  f4. 
 #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><section><para><footnote><para>
 msgid "Hummer Winblad"
 msgstr ""
 
 #.  f4. 
 #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><section><para><footnote><para>

-#: freeculture.xml:9384
+#: freeculture.xml:9524

 msgid ""
 "See Joseph Menn, <quote>Universal, EMI Sue Napster Investor,</quote> "
 "<citetitle>Los Angeles Times</citetitle>, 23 April 2003. For a parallel "
 msgid ""
 "See Joseph Menn, <quote>Universal, EMI Sue Napster Investor,</quote> "
 "<citetitle>Los Angeles Times</citetitle>, 23 April 2003. For a parallel "


@@ -12600,7 +13246,7 @@ msgid ""
 msgstr ""
 
 #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><section><para>
 msgstr ""
 
 #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><section><para>

-#: freeculture.xml:9378
+#: freeculture.xml:9518

 msgid ""
 "This strategy is not just limited to the lawyers. In April 2003, Universal "
 "and EMI brought a lawsuit against Hummer Winblad, the venture capital firm "
 msgid ""
 "This strategy is not just limited to the lawyers. In April 2003, Universal "
 "and EMI brought a lawsuit against Hummer Winblad, the venture capital firm "


@@ -12616,22 +13262,26 @@ msgid ""
 "buys you not only a company, it also buys you a lawsuit.  So extreme has the "
 "environment become that even car manufacturers are afraid of technologies "
 "that touch content. In an article in <citetitle>Business 2.0</citetitle>, "
 "buys you not only a company, it also buys you a lawsuit.  So extreme has the "
 "environment become that even car manufacturers are afraid of technologies "
 "that touch content. In an article in <citetitle>Business 2.0</citetitle>, "

-"Rafe Needleman describes a discussion with BMW: <placeholder "
-"type=\"indexterm\" id=\"1\"/> <placeholder type=\"indexterm\" id=\"2\"/>"
+"Rafe Needleman describes a discussion with BMW:"

 msgstr ""
 
 #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><section><blockquote><indexterm><primary>
 msgstr ""
 
 #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><section><blockquote><indexterm><primary>

-#: freeculture.xml:9408
+#: freeculture.xml:9546

 msgid "BMW"
 msgstr ""
 
 msgid "BMW"
 msgstr ""
 

+#. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><section><blockquote><indexterm><primary>
+#: freeculture.xml:9547
+msgid "cars, MP3 sound system in"
+msgstr ""
+

 #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><section><blockquote><para><footnote><para><indexterm><primary>
 #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><section><blockquote><para><footnote><para><indexterm><primary>

-#: freeculture.xml:9423
+#: freeculture.xml:9562

 msgid "Needleman, Rafe"
 msgstr ""
 
 #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><section><blockquote><para><footnote><para>
 msgid "Needleman, Rafe"
 msgstr ""
 
 #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><section><blockquote><para><footnote><para>

-#: freeculture.xml:9419
+#: freeculture.xml:9558

 msgid ""
 "Rafe Needleman, <quote>Driving in Cars with MP3s,</quote> "
 "<citetitle>Business 2.0</citetitle>, 16 June 2003, available at <ulink "
 msgid ""
 "Rafe Needleman, <quote>Driving in Cars with MP3s,</quote> "
 "<citetitle>Business 2.0</citetitle>, 16 June 2003, available at <ulink "


@@ -12641,7 +13291,7 @@ msgid ""
 msgstr ""
 
 #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><section><blockquote><para>
 msgstr ""
 
 #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><section><blockquote><para>

-#: freeculture.xml:9410
+#: freeculture.xml:9549

 msgid ""
 "I asked why, with all the storage capacity and computer power in the car, "
 "there was no way to play MP3 files. I was told that BMW engineers in Germany "
 msgid ""
 "I asked why, with all the storage capacity and computer power in the car, "
 "there was no way to play MP3 files. I was told that BMW engineers in Germany "


@@ -12653,7 +13303,7 @@ msgid ""
 msgstr ""
 
 #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><section><para>
 msgstr ""
 
 #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><section><para>

-#: freeculture.xml:9428
+#: freeculture.xml:9567

 msgid ""
 "This is the world of the mafia&mdash;filled with <quote>your money or your "
 "life</quote> offers, governed in the end not by courts but by the threats "
 msgid ""
 "This is the world of the mafia&mdash;filled with <quote>your money or your "
 "life</quote> offers, governed in the end not by courts but by the threats "


@@ -12665,7 +13315,7 @@ msgstr ""
 
 #.  PAGE BREAK 201 
 #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><section><para>
 
 #.  PAGE BREAK 201 
 #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><section><para>

-#: freeculture.xml:9438
+#: freeculture.xml:9577

 msgid ""
 "The point is not that businesses should have a right to start illegal "
 "enterprises. The point is the definition of <quote>illegal.</quote> The law "
 msgid ""
 "The point is not that businesses should have a right to start illegal "
 "enterprises. The point is the definition of <quote>illegal.</quote> The law "


@@ -12681,7 +13331,7 @@ msgid ""
 msgstr ""
 
 #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><section><para>
 msgstr ""
 
 #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><section><para>

-#: freeculture.xml:9453
+#: freeculture.xml:9592

 msgid ""
 "The point is directly parallel to the crunchy-lefty point about fair "
 "use. Whatever the <quote>real</quote> law is, realism about the effect of "
 msgid ""
 "The point is directly parallel to the crunchy-lefty point about fair "
 "use. Whatever the <quote>real</quote> law is, realism about the effect of "


@@ -12696,7 +13346,7 @@ msgstr ""
 
 #.  PAGE BREAK 202 
 #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><section><para>
 
 #.  PAGE BREAK 202 
 #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><section><para>

-#: freeculture.xml:9465
+#: freeculture.xml:9604

 msgid ""
 "The building of a permission culture, rather than a free culture, is the "
 "first important way in which the changes I have described will burden "
 msgid ""
 "The building of a permission culture, rather than a free culture, is the "
 "first important way in which the changes I have described will burden "


@@ -12711,7 +13361,13 @@ msgid ""
 "least do everything it can to limit the reach of the law where the law is "
 "not doing any good. The transaction costs buried within a permission culture "
 "are enough to bury a wide range of creativity.  Someone needs to do a lot of "
 "least do everything it can to limit the reach of the law where the law is "
 "not doing any good. The transaction costs buried within a permission culture "
 "are enough to bury a wide range of creativity.  Someone needs to do a lot of "

-"justifying to justify that result.  The uncertainty of the law is one burden "
+"justifying to justify that result."
+msgstr ""
+
+#. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><section><para>
+#: freeculture.xml:9623
+msgid ""
+"<emphasis role='strong'>The uncertainty</emphasis> of the law is one burden "

 "on innovation. There is a second burden that operates more directly. This is "
 "the effort by many in the content industry to use the law to directly "
 "regulate the technology of the Internet so that it better protects their "
 "on innovation. There is a second burden that operates more directly. This is "
 "the effort by many in the content industry to use the law to directly "
 "regulate the technology of the Internet so that it better protects their "


@@ -12719,7 +13375,7 @@ msgid ""
 msgstr ""
 
 #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><section><para>
 msgstr ""
 
 #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><section><para>

-#: freeculture.xml:9487
+#: freeculture.xml:9630

 msgid ""
 "The motivation for this response is obvious. The Internet enables the "
 "efficient spread of content. That efficiency is a feature of the Internet's "
 msgid ""
 "The motivation for this response is obvious. The Internet enables the "
 "efficient spread of content. That efficiency is a feature of the Internet's "


@@ -12733,7 +13389,7 @@ msgstr ""
 
 #.  f6. 
 #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><section><para><footnote><para>
 
 #.  f6. 
 #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><section><para><footnote><para>

-#: freeculture.xml:9502
+#: freeculture.xml:9645

 msgid ""
 "<quote>Copyright and Digital Media in a Post-Napster World,</quote> "
 "GartnerG2 and the Berkman Center for Internet and Society at Harvard Law "
 msgid ""
 "<quote>Copyright and Digital Media in a Post-Napster World,</quote> "
 "GartnerG2 and the Berkman Center for Internet and Society at Harvard Law "


@@ -12743,12 +13399,12 @@ msgstr ""
 
 #.  f7. 
 #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><section><para><footnote><para>
 
 #.  f7. 
 #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><section><para><footnote><para>

-#: freeculture.xml:9515
+#: freeculture.xml:9658

 msgid "GartnerG2, 26&ndash;27."
 msgstr ""
 
 #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><section><para>
 msgid "GartnerG2, 26&ndash;27."
 msgstr ""
 
 #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><section><para>

-#: freeculture.xml:9498
+#: freeculture.xml:9641

 msgid ""
 "The examples of this form of legislation are many. At the urging of the "
 "content industry, some in Congress have threatened legislation that would "
 msgid ""
 "The examples of this form of legislation are many. At the urging of the "
 "content industry, some in Congress have threatened legislation that would "


@@ -12766,7 +13422,7 @@ msgstr ""
 
 #.  PAGE BREAK 203 
 #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><section><para>
 
 #.  PAGE BREAK 203 
 #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><section><para>

-#: freeculture.xml:9519
+#: freeculture.xml:9662

 msgid ""
 "In one sense, these solutions seem sensible. If the problem is the code, why "
 "not regulate the code to remove the problem. But any regulation of technical "
 msgid ""
 "In one sense, these solutions seem sensible. If the problem is the code, why "
 "not regulate the code to remove the problem. But any regulation of technical "


@@ -12775,40 +13431,39 @@ msgid ""
 "will likely be eclipsed by advances around exactly those requirements."
 msgstr ""
 
 "will likely be eclipsed by advances around exactly those requirements."
 msgstr ""
 

+#. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><indexterm><primary>
+#: freeculture.xml:9671 freeculture.xml:11516
+msgid "Intel"
+msgstr ""
+

 #.  f8. 
 #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><section><para><footnote><para>
 #.  f8. 
 #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><section><para><footnote><para>

-#: freeculture.xml:9533
+#: freeculture.xml:9677

 msgid ""
 "See David McGuire, <quote>Tech Execs Square Off Over Piracy,</quote> "
 "Newsbytes, February 2002 (Entertainment)."
 msgstr ""
 
 msgid ""
 "See David McGuire, <quote>Tech Execs Square Off Over Piracy,</quote> "
 "Newsbytes, February 2002 (Entertainment)."
 msgstr ""
 

-#. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para><indexterm><primary>
-#: freeculture.xml:9539 freeculture.xml:11393
-msgid "Intel"
-msgstr ""
-

 #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><section><para>
 #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><section><para>

-#: freeculture.xml:9529
+#: freeculture.xml:9673

 msgid ""
 "In March 2002, a broad coalition of technology companies, led by Intel, "
 "tried to get Congress to see the harm that such legislation would "
 "impose.<placeholder type=\"footnote\" id=\"0\"/> Their argument was "
 "obviously not that copyright should not be protected. Instead, they argued, "
 msgid ""
 "In March 2002, a broad coalition of technology companies, led by Intel, "
 "tried to get Congress to see the harm that such legislation would "
 "impose.<placeholder type=\"footnote\" id=\"0\"/> Their argument was "
 "obviously not that copyright should not be protected. Instead, they argued, "

-"any protection should not do more harm than good.  <placeholder "
-"type=\"indexterm\" id=\"1\"/>"
+"any protection should not do more harm than good."

 msgstr ""
 
 #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><section><para>
 msgstr ""
 
 #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><section><para>

-#: freeculture.xml:9542
+#: freeculture.xml:9685

 msgid ""
 msgid ""

-"There is one more obvious way in which this war has harmed "
-"innovation&mdash;again, a story that will be quite familiar to the free "
-"market crowd."
+"<emphasis role='strong'>There is one</emphasis> more obvious way in which "
+"this war has harmed innovation&mdash;again, a story that will be quite "
+"familiar to the free market crowd."

 msgstr ""
 
 #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><section><para>
 msgstr ""
 
 #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><section><para>

-#: freeculture.xml:9547
+#: freeculture.xml:9690

 msgid ""
 "Copyright may be property, but like all property, it is also a form of "
 "regulation. It is a regulation that benefits some and harms others.  When "
 msgid ""
 "Copyright may be property, but like all property, it is also a form of "
 "regulation. It is a regulation that benefits some and harms others.  When "


@@ -12817,14 +13472,14 @@ msgid ""
 msgstr ""
 
 #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><section><para><footnote><para>
 msgstr ""
 
 #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><section><para><footnote><para>

-#: freeculture.xml:9559
+#: freeculture.xml:9704

 msgid ""
 "Jessica Litman, <citetitle>Digital Copyright</citetitle> (Amherst, N.Y.: "
 "Prometheus Books, 2001).  <placeholder type=\"indexterm\" id=\"0\"/>"
 msgstr ""
 
 #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><section><para>
 msgid ""
 "Jessica Litman, <citetitle>Digital Copyright</citetitle> (Amherst, N.Y.: "
 "Prometheus Books, 2001).  <placeholder type=\"indexterm\" id=\"0\"/>"
 msgstr ""
 
 #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><section><para>

-#: freeculture.xml:9553
+#: freeculture.xml:9698

 msgid ""
 "As I described in chapter <xref xrefstyle=\"select: labelnumber\" "
 "linkend=\"property-i\"/>, despite this feature of copyright as regulation, "
 msgid ""
 "As I described in chapter <xref xrefstyle=\"select: labelnumber\" "
 "linkend=\"property-i\"/>, despite this feature of copyright as regulation, "


@@ -12838,7 +13493,7 @@ msgid ""
 msgstr ""
 
 #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><section><para>
 msgstr ""
 
 #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><section><para>

-#: freeculture.xml:9570
+#: freeculture.xml:9715

 msgid ""
 "But that pattern of deference to new technologies has now changed with the "
 "rise of the Internet. Rather than striking a balance between the claims of a "
 msgid ""
 "But that pattern of deference to new technologies has now changed with the "
 "rise of the Internet. Rather than striking a balance between the claims of a "


@@ -12847,18 +13502,23 @@ msgid ""
 "effect of smothering the new to benefit the old."
 msgstr ""
 
 "effect of smothering the new to benefit the old."
 msgstr ""
 

-#.  f10. 
+#. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><section><para><footnote><para><indexterm><primary>
+#: freeculture.xml:9724
+msgid "Grokster, Ltd."
+msgstr ""
+

 #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><section><para><footnote><para>
 #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><section><para><footnote><para>

-#: freeculture.xml:9579
-msgid ""
-"The only circuit court exception is found in <citetitle>Recording Industry "
-"Association of America (RIAA)</citetitle> v. <citetitle>Diamond Multimedia "
-"Systems</citetitle>, 180 F. 3d 1072 (9th Cir. 1999). There the court of "
-"appeals for the Ninth Circuit reasoned that makers of a portable MP3 player "
-"were not liable for contributory copyright infringement for a device that is "
-"unable to record or redistribute music (a device whose only copying function "
-"is to render portable a music file already stored on a user's hard drive).  "
-"At the district court level, the only exception is found in "
+#: freeculture.xml:9724
+msgid ""
+"<placeholder type=\"indexterm\" id=\"0\"/> The only circuit court exception "
+"is found in <citetitle>Recording Industry Association of America "
+"(RIAA)</citetitle> v. <citetitle>Diamond Multimedia Systems</citetitle>, 180 "
+"F. 3d 1072 (9th Cir. 1999). There the court of appeals for the Ninth Circuit "
+"reasoned that makers of a portable MP3 player were not liable for "
+"contributory copyright infringement for a device that is unable to record or "
+"redistribute music (a device whose only copying function is to render "
+"portable a music file already stored on a user's hard drive).  At the "
+"district court level, the only exception is found in "

 "<citetitle>Metro-Goldwyn-Mayer Studios, "
 "Inc</citetitle>. v. <citetitle>Grokster, Ltd</citetitle>., 259 F. Supp. 2d "
 "1029 (C.D.  Cal., 2003), where the court found the link between the "
 "<citetitle>Metro-Goldwyn-Mayer Studios, "
 "Inc</citetitle>. v. <citetitle>Grokster, Ltd</citetitle>., 259 F. Supp. 2d "
 "1029 (C.D.  Cal., 2003), where the court found the link between the "


@@ -12867,17 +13527,17 @@ msgid ""
 msgstr ""
 
 #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><section><para><footnote><para><indexterm><primary>
 msgstr ""
 
 #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><section><para><footnote><para><indexterm><primary>

-#: freeculture.xml:9597
+#: freeculture.xml:9743

 msgid "Tauzin, Billy"
 msgstr ""
 
 #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><section><para><footnote><para><indexterm><primary>
 msgid "Tauzin, Billy"
 msgstr ""
 
 #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><section><para><footnote><para><indexterm><primary>

-#: freeculture.xml:9613
+#: freeculture.xml:9759

 msgid "Hollings, Fritz"
 msgstr ""
 
 #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><section><para><footnote><para>
 msgid "Hollings, Fritz"
 msgstr ""
 
 #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><section><para><footnote><para>

-#: freeculture.xml:9597
+#: freeculture.xml:9743

 msgid ""
 "<placeholder type=\"indexterm\" id=\"0\"/> For example, in July 2002, "
 "Representative Howard Berman introduced the Peer-to-Peer Piracy Prevention "
 msgid ""
 "<placeholder type=\"indexterm\" id=\"0\"/> For example, in July 2002, "
 "Representative Howard Berman introduced the Peer-to-Peer Piracy Prevention "


@@ -12898,7 +13558,7 @@ msgid ""
 msgstr ""
 
 #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><section><para>
 msgstr ""
 
 #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><section><para>

-#: freeculture.xml:9577
+#: freeculture.xml:9722

 msgid ""
 "The response by the courts has been fairly universal.<placeholder "
 "type=\"footnote\" id=\"0\"/> It has been mirrored in the responses "
 msgid ""
 "The response by the courts has been fairly universal.<placeholder "
 "type=\"footnote\" id=\"0\"/> It has been mirrored in the responses "


@@ -12908,8 +13568,9 @@ msgid ""
 "demise of Internet radio."
 msgstr ""
 
 "demise of Internet radio."
 msgstr ""
 

+#.  PAGE BREAK 204 

 #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><section><para>
 #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><section><para>

-#: freeculture.xml:9626
+#: freeculture.xml:9770

 msgid ""
 "As I described in chapter <xref xrefstyle=\"select: labelnumber\" "
 "linkend=\"pirates\"/>, when a radio station plays a song, the recording "
 msgid ""
 "As I described in chapter <xref xrefstyle=\"select: labelnumber\" "
 "linkend=\"pirates\"/>, when a radio station plays a song, the recording "


@@ -12919,11 +13580,11 @@ msgid ""
 "performance before President Kennedy at Madison Square Garden&mdash; then "
 "whenever that recording was played on the radio, the current copyright "
 "owners of <quote>Happy Birthday</quote> would get some money, whereas "
 "performance before President Kennedy at Madison Square Garden&mdash; then "
 "whenever that recording was played on the radio, the current copyright "
 "owners of <quote>Happy Birthday</quote> would get some money, whereas "

-"Marilyn Monroe would not.  <placeholder type=\"indexterm\" id=\"0\"/>"
+"Marilyn Monroe would not."

 msgstr ""
 
 #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><section><para>
 msgstr ""
 
 #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><section><para>

-#: freeculture.xml:9638
+#: freeculture.xml:9781

 msgid ""
 "The reasoning behind this balance struck by Congress makes some sense. The "
 "justification was that radio was a kind of advertising. The recording artist "
 msgid ""
 "The reasoning behind this balance struck by Congress makes some sense. The "
 "justification was that radio was a kind of advertising. The recording artist "


@@ -12936,7 +13597,7 @@ msgid ""
 msgstr ""
 
 #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><section><para>
 msgstr ""
 
 #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><section><para>

-#: freeculture.xml:9649
+#: freeculture.xml:9792

 msgid ""
 "Enter Internet radio. Like regular radio, Internet radio is a technology to "
 "stream content from a broadcaster to a listener. The broadcast travels "
 msgid ""
 "Enter Internet radio. Like regular radio, Internet radio is a technology to "
 "stream content from a broadcaster to a listener. The broadcast travels "


@@ -12947,7 +13608,7 @@ msgid ""
 msgstr ""
 
 #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><section><para>
 msgstr ""
 
 #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><section><para>

-#: freeculture.xml:9658
+#: freeculture.xml:9801

 msgid ""
 "This feature of the architecture of Internet radio means that there are "
 "potentially an unlimited number of radio stations that a user could tune in "
 msgid ""
 "This feature of the architecture of Internet radio means that there are "
 "potentially an unlimited number of radio stations that a user could tune in "


@@ -12963,7 +13624,7 @@ msgstr ""
 
 #.  PAGE BREAK 205 
 #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><section><para>
 
 #.  PAGE BREAK 205 
 #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><section><para>

-#: freeculture.xml:9674
+#: freeculture.xml:9817

 msgid ""
 "Internet radio is thus to radio what FM was to AM. It is an improvement "
 "potentially vastly more significant than the FM improvement over AM, since "
 msgid ""
 "Internet radio is thus to radio what FM was to AM. It is an improvement "
 "potentially vastly more significant than the FM improvement over AM, since "


@@ -12975,12 +13636,12 @@ msgstr ""
 
 #.  f12. 
 #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><section><blockquote><para><footnote><para>
 
 #.  f12. 
 #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><section><blockquote><para><footnote><para>

-#: freeculture.xml:9698
+#: freeculture.xml:9841

 msgid "Lessing, 239."
 msgstr ""
 
 #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><section><blockquote><para>
 msgid "Lessing, 239."
 msgstr ""
 
 #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><section><blockquote><para>

-#: freeculture.xml:9684
+#: freeculture.xml:9827

 msgid ""
 "An almost unlimited number of FM stations was possible in the shortwaves, "
 "thus ending the unnatural restrictions imposed on radio in the crowded "
 msgid ""
 "An almost unlimited number of FM stations was possible in the shortwaves, "
 "thus ending the unnatural restrictions imposed on radio in the crowded "


@@ -12998,12 +13659,12 @@ msgstr ""
 
 #.  f13. 
 #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><section><para><footnote><para>
 
 #.  f13. 
 #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><section><para><footnote><para>

-#: freeculture.xml:9708
+#: freeculture.xml:9851

 msgid "Ibid., 229."
 msgstr ""
 
 #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><section><para>
 msgid "Ibid., 229."
 msgstr ""
 
 #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><section><para>

-#: freeculture.xml:9703
+#: freeculture.xml:9846

 msgid ""
 "This potential for FM radio was never realized&mdash;not because Armstrong "
 "was wrong about the technology, but because he underestimated the power of "
 msgid ""
 "This potential for FM radio was never realized&mdash;not because Armstrong "
 "was wrong about the technology, but because he underestimated the power of "


@@ -13013,7 +13674,7 @@ msgid ""
 msgstr ""
 
 #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><section><para>
 msgstr ""
 
 #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><section><para>

-#: freeculture.xml:9713
+#: freeculture.xml:9856

 msgid ""
 "Now the very same claim could be made about Internet radio. For again, there "
 "is no technical limitation that could restrict the number of Internet radio "
 msgid ""
 "Now the very same claim could be made about Internet radio. For again, there "
 "is no technical limitation that could restrict the number of Internet radio "


@@ -13024,7 +13685,7 @@ msgstr ""
 
 #.  PAGE BREAK 206 
 #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><section><para>
 
 #.  PAGE BREAK 206 
 #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><section><para>

-#: freeculture.xml:9725
+#: freeculture.xml:9865

 msgid ""
 "But here the power of the lobbyists is reversed. Internet radio is a new "
 "industry. The recording artists, on the other hand, have a very powerful "
 msgid ""
 "But here the power of the lobbyists is reversed. Internet radio is a new "
 "industry. The recording artists, on the other hand, have a very powerful "


@@ -13039,12 +13700,12 @@ msgid ""
 msgstr ""
 
 #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><section><para><footnote><para><indexterm><primary>
 msgstr ""
 
 #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><section><para><footnote><para><indexterm><primary>

-#: freeculture.xml:9764
+#: freeculture.xml:9904

 msgid "CARP (Copyright Arbitration Royalty Panel)"
 msgstr ""
 
 #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><section><para><footnote><para>
 msgid "CARP (Copyright Arbitration Royalty Panel)"
 msgstr ""
 
 #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><section><para><footnote><para>

-#: freeculture.xml:9747
+#: freeculture.xml:9887

 msgid ""
 "This example was derived from fees set by the original Copyright Arbitration "
 "Royalty Panel (CARP) proceedings, and is drawn from an example offered by "
 msgid ""
 "This example was derived from fees set by the original Copyright Arbitration "
 "Royalty Panel (CARP) proceedings, and is drawn from an example offered by "


@@ -13066,7 +13727,7 @@ msgid ""
 msgstr ""
 
 #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><section><para>
 msgstr ""
 
 #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><section><para>

-#: freeculture.xml:9740
+#: freeculture.xml:9880

 msgid ""
 "This financial burden is not slight. As Harvard law professor William Fisher "
 "estimates, if an Internet radio station distributed adfree popular music to "
 msgid ""
 "This financial burden is not slight. As Harvard law professor William Fisher "
 "estimates, if an Internet radio station distributed adfree popular music to "


@@ -13077,7 +13738,7 @@ msgid ""
 msgstr ""
 
 #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><section><para>
 msgstr ""
 
 #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><section><para>

-#: freeculture.xml:9772
+#: freeculture.xml:9912

 msgid ""
 "The burden is not financial only. Under the original rules that were "
 "proposed, an Internet radio station (but not a terrestrial radio station) "
 msgid ""
 "The burden is not financial only. Under the original rules that were "
 "proposed, an Internet radio station (but not a terrestrial radio station) "


@@ -13086,57 +13747,57 @@ msgid ""
 msgstr ""
 
 #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><section><orderedlist><listitem><para>
 msgstr ""
 
 #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><section><orderedlist><listitem><para>

-#: freeculture.xml:9780
+#: freeculture.xml:9920

 msgid "name of the service;"
 msgstr ""
 
 #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><section><orderedlist><listitem><para>
 msgid "name of the service;"
 msgstr ""
 
 #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><section><orderedlist><listitem><para>

-#: freeculture.xml:9783
+#: freeculture.xml:9923

 msgid "channel of the program (AM/FM stations use station ID);"
 msgstr ""
 
 #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><section><orderedlist><listitem><para>
 msgid "channel of the program (AM/FM stations use station ID);"
 msgstr ""
 
 #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><section><orderedlist><listitem><para>

-#: freeculture.xml:9786
+#: freeculture.xml:9926

 msgid "type of program (archived/looped/live);"
 msgstr ""
 
 #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><section><orderedlist><listitem><para>
 msgid "type of program (archived/looped/live);"
 msgstr ""
 
 #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><section><orderedlist><listitem><para>

-#: freeculture.xml:9789
+#: freeculture.xml:9929

 msgid "date of transmission;"
 msgstr ""
 
 #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><section><orderedlist><listitem><para>
 msgid "date of transmission;"
 msgstr ""
 
 #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><section><orderedlist><listitem><para>

-#: freeculture.xml:9792
+#: freeculture.xml:9932

 msgid "time of transmission;"
 msgstr ""
 
 #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><section><orderedlist><listitem><para>
 msgid "time of transmission;"
 msgstr ""
 
 #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><section><orderedlist><listitem><para>

-#: freeculture.xml:9795
+#: freeculture.xml:9935

 msgid "time zone of origination of transmission;"
 msgstr ""
 
 #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><section><orderedlist><listitem><para>
 msgid "time zone of origination of transmission;"
 msgstr ""
 
 #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><section><orderedlist><listitem><para>

-#: freeculture.xml:9798
+#: freeculture.xml:9938

 msgid "numeric designation of the place of the sound recording within the program;"
 msgstr ""
 
 #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><section><orderedlist><listitem><para>
 msgid "numeric designation of the place of the sound recording within the program;"
 msgstr ""
 
 #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><section><orderedlist><listitem><para>

-#: freeculture.xml:9801
+#: freeculture.xml:9941

 msgid "duration of transmission (to nearest second);"
 msgstr ""
 
 #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><section><orderedlist><listitem><para>
 msgid "duration of transmission (to nearest second);"
 msgstr ""
 
 #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><section><orderedlist><listitem><para>

-#: freeculture.xml:9804
+#: freeculture.xml:9944

 msgid "sound recording title;"
 msgstr ""
 
 #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><section><orderedlist><listitem><para>
 msgid "sound recording title;"
 msgstr ""
 
 #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><section><orderedlist><listitem><para>

-#: freeculture.xml:9807
+#: freeculture.xml:9947

 msgid "ISRC code of the recording;"
 msgstr ""
 
 #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><section><orderedlist><listitem><para>
 msgid "ISRC code of the recording;"
 msgstr ""
 
 #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><section><orderedlist><listitem><para>

-#: freeculture.xml:9810
+#: freeculture.xml:9950

 msgid ""
 "release year of the album per copyright notice and in the case of "
 "compilation albums, the release year of the album and copy- right date of "
 msgid ""
 "release year of the album per copyright notice and in the case of "
 "compilation albums, the release year of the album and copy- right date of "


@@ -13144,77 +13805,77 @@ msgid ""
 msgstr ""
 
 #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><section><orderedlist><listitem><para>
 msgstr ""
 
 #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><section><orderedlist><listitem><para>

-#: freeculture.xml:9813
+#: freeculture.xml:9953

 msgid "featured recording artist;"
 msgstr ""
 
 #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><section><orderedlist><listitem><para>
 msgid "featured recording artist;"
 msgstr ""
 
 #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><section><orderedlist><listitem><para>

-#: freeculture.xml:9816
+#: freeculture.xml:9956

 msgid "retail album title;"
 msgstr ""
 
 #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><section><orderedlist><listitem><para>
 msgid "retail album title;"
 msgstr ""
 
 #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><section><orderedlist><listitem><para>

-#: freeculture.xml:9819
+#: freeculture.xml:9959

 msgid "recording label;"
 msgstr ""
 
 #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><section><orderedlist><listitem><para>
 msgid "recording label;"
 msgstr ""
 
 #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><section><orderedlist><listitem><para>

-#: freeculture.xml:9822
+#: freeculture.xml:9962

 msgid "UPC code of the retail album;"
 msgstr ""
 
 #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><section><orderedlist><listitem><para>
 msgid "UPC code of the retail album;"
 msgstr ""
 
 #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><section><orderedlist><listitem><para>

-#: freeculture.xml:9825
+#: freeculture.xml:9965

 msgid "catalog number;"
 msgstr ""
 
 #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><section><orderedlist><listitem><para>
 msgid "catalog number;"
 msgstr ""
 
 #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><section><orderedlist><listitem><para>

-#: freeculture.xml:9828
+#: freeculture.xml:9968

 msgid "copyright owner information;"
 msgstr ""
 
 #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><section><orderedlist><listitem><para>
 msgid "copyright owner information;"
 msgstr ""
 
 #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><section><orderedlist><listitem><para>

-#: freeculture.xml:9831
+#: freeculture.xml:9971

 msgid "musical genre of the channel or program (station format);"
 msgstr ""
 
 #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><section><orderedlist><listitem><para>
 msgid "musical genre of the channel or program (station format);"
 msgstr ""
 
 #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><section><orderedlist><listitem><para>

-#: freeculture.xml:9834
+#: freeculture.xml:9974

 msgid "name of the service or entity;"
 msgstr ""
 
 #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><section><orderedlist><listitem><para>
 msgid "name of the service or entity;"
 msgstr ""
 
 #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><section><orderedlist><listitem><para>

-#: freeculture.xml:9837
+#: freeculture.xml:9977

 msgid "channel or program;"
 msgstr ""
 
 #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><section><orderedlist><listitem><para>
 msgid "channel or program;"
 msgstr ""
 
 #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><section><orderedlist><listitem><para>

-#: freeculture.xml:9840
+#: freeculture.xml:9980

 msgid "date and time that the user logged in (in the user's time zone);"
 msgstr ""
 
 #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><section><orderedlist><listitem><para>
 msgid "date and time that the user logged in (in the user's time zone);"
 msgstr ""
 
 #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><section><orderedlist><listitem><para>

-#: freeculture.xml:9843
+#: freeculture.xml:9983

 msgid "date and time that the user logged out (in the user's time zone);"
 msgstr ""
 
 #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><section><orderedlist><listitem><para>
 msgid "date and time that the user logged out (in the user's time zone);"
 msgstr ""
 
 #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><section><orderedlist><listitem><para>

-#: freeculture.xml:9846
+#: freeculture.xml:9986

 msgid "time zone where the signal was received (user);"
 msgstr ""
 
 #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><section><orderedlist><listitem><para>
 msgid "time zone where the signal was received (user);"
 msgstr ""
 
 #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><section><orderedlist><listitem><para>

-#: freeculture.xml:9849
+#: freeculture.xml:9989

 msgid "unique user identifier;"
 msgstr ""
 
 #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><section><orderedlist><listitem><para>
 msgid "unique user identifier;"
 msgstr ""
 
 #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><section><orderedlist><listitem><para>

-#: freeculture.xml:9852
+#: freeculture.xml:9992

 msgid "the country in which the user received the transmissions."
 msgstr ""
 
 #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><section><para>
 msgid "the country in which the user received the transmissions."
 msgstr ""
 
 #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><section><para>

-#: freeculture.xml:9857
+#: freeculture.xml:9997

 msgid ""
 "The Librarian of Congress eventually suspended these reporting requirements, "
 "pending further study. And he also changed the original rates set by the "
 msgid ""
 "The Librarian of Congress eventually suspended these reporting requirements, "
 "pending further study. And he also changed the original rates set by the "


@@ -13225,7 +13886,7 @@ msgid ""
 msgstr ""
 
 #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><section><para>
 msgstr ""
 
 #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><section><para>

-#: freeculture.xml:9865
+#: freeculture.xml:10005

 msgid ""
 "Why? What justifies this difference? Was there any study of the economic "
 "consequences from Internet radio that would justify these differences? Was "
 msgid ""
 "Why? What justifies this difference? Was there any study of the economic "
 "consequences from Internet radio that would justify these differences? Was "


@@ -13233,12 +13894,12 @@ msgid ""
 msgstr ""
 
 #. type: Content of: <book><chapter><section><section><indexterm><primary>
 msgstr ""
 
 #. type: Content of: <book><chapter><section><section><indexterm><primary>

-#: freeculture.xml:9869 freeculture.xml:14517
+#: freeculture.xml:10009 freeculture.xml:14683

 msgid "Real Networks"
 msgstr ""
 
 #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><section><para>
 msgid "Real Networks"
 msgstr ""
 
 #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><section><para>

-#: freeculture.xml:9874
+#: freeculture.xml:10012

 msgid ""
 "In a rare bit of candor, one RIAA expert admitted what seemed obvious to "
 "everyone at the time. As Alex Alben, vice president for Public Policy at "
 msgid ""
 "In a rare bit of candor, one RIAA expert admitted what seemed obvious to "
 "everyone at the time. As Alex Alben, vice president for Public Policy at "


@@ -13247,7 +13908,7 @@ msgstr ""
 
 #.  PAGE BREAK 208 
 #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><section><blockquote><para>
 
 #.  PAGE BREAK 208 
 #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><section><blockquote><para>

-#: freeculture.xml:9880
+#: freeculture.xml:10018

 msgid ""
 "The RIAA, which was representing the record labels, presented some testimony "
 "about what they thought a willing buyer would pay to a willing seller, and "
 msgid ""
 "The RIAA, which was representing the record labels, presented some testimony "
 "about what they thought a willing buyer would pay to a willing seller, and "


@@ -13261,7 +13922,7 @@ msgid ""
 msgstr ""
 
 #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><section><blockquote><para>
 msgstr ""
 
 #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><section><blockquote><para>

-#: freeculture.xml:9899
+#: freeculture.xml:10034

 msgid ""
 "And the RIAA experts said, <quote>Well, we don't really model this as an "
 "industry with thousands of webcasters, <emphasis>we think it should be an "
 msgid ""
 "And the RIAA experts said, <quote>Well, we don't really model this as an "
 "industry with thousands of webcasters, <emphasis>we think it should be an "


@@ -13270,7 +13931,7 @@ msgid ""
 msgstr ""
 
 #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><section><para>
 msgstr ""
 
 #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><section><para>

-#: freeculture.xml:9908
+#: freeculture.xml:10043

 msgid ""
 "Translation: The aim is to use the law to eliminate competition, so that "
 "this platform of potentially immense competition, which would cause the "
 msgid ""
 "Translation: The aim is to use the law to eliminate competition, so that "
 "this platform of potentially immense competition, which would cause the "


@@ -13281,12 +13942,12 @@ msgid ""
 msgstr ""
 
 #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><section><title>
 msgstr ""
 
 #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><section><title>

-#: freeculture.xml:9918
+#: freeculture.xml:10053

 msgid "Corrupting Citizens"
 msgstr ""
 
 #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><section><para>
 msgid "Corrupting Citizens"
 msgstr ""
 
 #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><section><para>

-#: freeculture.xml:9920
+#: freeculture.xml:10055

 msgid ""
 "Overregulation stifles creativity. It smothers innovation. It gives "
 "dinosaurs a veto over the future. It wastes the extraordinary opportunity "
 msgid ""
 "Overregulation stifles creativity. It smothers innovation. It gives "
 "dinosaurs a veto over the future. It wastes the extraordinary opportunity "


@@ -13294,7 +13955,7 @@ msgid ""
 msgstr ""
 
 #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><section><para>
 msgstr ""
 
 #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><section><para>

-#: freeculture.xml:9926
+#: freeculture.xml:10061

 msgid ""
 "In addition to these important harms, there is one more that was important "
 "to our forebears, but seems forgotten today. Overregulation corrupts "
 msgid ""
 "In addition to these important harms, there is one more that was important "
 "to our forebears, but seems forgotten today. Overregulation corrupts "


@@ -13303,7 +13964,7 @@ msgstr ""
 
 #.  f15. 
 #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><section><para><footnote><para>
 
 #.  f15. 
 #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><section><para><footnote><para>

-#: freeculture.xml:9935
+#: freeculture.xml:10070

 msgid ""
 "Mike Graziano and Lee Rainie, <quote>The Music Downloading Deluge,</quote> "
 "Pew Internet and American Life Project (24 April 2001), available at <ulink "
 msgid ""
 "Mike Graziano and Lee Rainie, <quote>The Music Downloading Deluge,</quote> "
 "Pew Internet and American Life Project (24 April 2001), available at <ulink "


@@ -13314,7 +13975,7 @@ msgstr ""
 
 #.  PAGE BREAK 209 
 #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><section><para>
 
 #.  PAGE BREAK 209 
 #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><section><para>

-#: freeculture.xml:9931
+#: freeculture.xml:10066

 msgid ""
 "The war that is being waged today is a war of prohibition. As with every war "
 "of prohibition, it is targeted against the behavior of a very large number "
 msgid ""
 "The war that is being waged today is a war of prohibition. As with every war "
 "of prohibition, it is targeted against the behavior of a very large number "


@@ -13332,7 +13993,7 @@ msgstr ""
 
 #.  f16. 
 #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><section><para><footnote><para>
 
 #.  f16. 
 #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><section><para><footnote><para>

-#: freeculture.xml:9969
+#: freeculture.xml:10104

 msgid ""
 "Alex Pham, <quote>The Labels Strike Back: N.Y. Girl Settles RIAA "
 "Case,</quote> <citetitle>Los Angeles Times</citetitle>, 10 September 2003, "
 msgid ""
 "Alex Pham, <quote>The Labels Strike Back: N.Y. Girl Settles RIAA "
 "Case,</quote> <citetitle>Los Angeles Times</citetitle>, 10 September 2003, "


@@ -13340,7 +14001,7 @@ msgid ""
 msgstr ""
 
 #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><section><para>
 msgstr ""
 
 #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><section><para>

-#: freeculture.xml:9956
+#: freeculture.xml:10091

 msgid ""
 "The content industry's tactics exploit the failings of the American legal "
 "system. When the RIAA brought suit against Jesse Jordan, it knew that in "
 msgid ""
 "The content industry's tactics exploit the failings of the American legal "
 "system. When the RIAA brought suit against Jesse Jordan, it knew that in "


@@ -13361,9 +14022,14 @@ msgid ""
 "that those with the power can use the law to quash any rights they oppose."
 msgstr ""
 
 "that those with the power can use the law to quash any rights they oppose."
 msgstr ""
 

+#. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><section><indexterm><primary>
+#: freeculture.xml:10115
+msgid "alcohol prohibition"
+msgstr ""
+

 #.  f17. 
 #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><section><para><footnote><para>
 #.  f17. 
 #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><section><para><footnote><para>

-#: freeculture.xml:9991
+#: freeculture.xml:10127

 msgid ""
 "Jeffrey A. Miron and Jeffrey Zwiebel, <quote>Alcohol Consumption During "
 "Prohibition,</quote> <citetitle>American Economic Review</citetitle> 81, "
 msgid ""
 "Jeffrey A. Miron and Jeffrey Zwiebel, <quote>Alcohol Consumption During "
 "Prohibition,</quote> <citetitle>American Economic Review</citetitle> 81, "


@@ -13372,7 +14038,7 @@ msgstr ""
 
 #.  f18. 
 #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><section><para><footnote><para>
 
 #.  f18. 
 #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><section><para><footnote><para>

-#: freeculture.xml:9999
+#: freeculture.xml:10135

 msgid ""
 "National Drug Control Policy: Hearing Before the House Government Reform "
 "Committee, 108th Cong., 1st sess. (5 March 2003) (statement of John "
 msgid ""
 "National Drug Control Policy: Hearing Before the House Government Reform "
 "Committee, 108th Cong., 1st sess. (5 March 2003) (statement of John "


@@ -13381,20 +14047,15 @@ msgstr ""
 
 #.  f19. 
 #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><section><para><footnote><para>
 
 #.  f19. 
 #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><section><para><footnote><para>

-#: freeculture.xml:10009
+#: freeculture.xml:10145

 msgid ""
 "See James Andreoni, Brian Erard, and Jonathon Feinstein, <quote>Tax "
 "Compliance,</quote> <citetitle>Journal of Economic Literature</citetitle> 36 "
 "(1998): 818 (survey of compliance literature)."
 msgstr ""
 
 msgid ""
 "See James Andreoni, Brian Erard, and Jonathon Feinstein, <quote>Tax "
 "Compliance,</quote> <citetitle>Journal of Economic Literature</citetitle> 36 "
 "(1998): 818 (survey of compliance literature)."
 msgstr ""
 

-#. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><section><para><indexterm><primary>
-#: freeculture.xml:10016
-msgid "alcohol prohibition"
-msgstr ""
-

 #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><section><para>
 #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><section><para>

-#: freeculture.xml:9981
+#: freeculture.xml:10117

 msgid ""
 "Wars of prohibition are nothing new in America. This one is just something "
 "more extreme than anything we've seen before. We experimented with alcohol "
 msgid ""
 "Wars of prohibition are nothing new in America. This one is just something "
 "more extreme than anything we've seen before. We experimented with alcohol "


@@ -13413,17 +14074,16 @@ msgid ""
 "type=\"footnote\" id=\"2\"/> We pride ourselves on our <quote>free "
 "society,</quote> but an endless array of ordinary behavior is regulated "
 "within our society. And as a result, a huge proportion of Americans "
 "type=\"footnote\" id=\"2\"/> We pride ourselves on our <quote>free "
 "society,</quote> but an endless array of ordinary behavior is regulated "
 "within our society. And as a result, a huge proportion of Americans "

-"regularly violate at least some law.  <placeholder type=\"indexterm\" "
-"id=\"3\"/>"
+"regularly violate at least some law."

 msgstr ""
 
 msgstr ""
 

-#. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><section><para><indexterm><primary>
-#: freeculture.xml:10034
+#. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><section><indexterm><primary>
+#: freeculture.xml:10153

 msgid "law schools"
 msgstr ""
 
 #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><section><para>
 msgid "law schools"
 msgstr ""
 
 #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><section><para>

-#: freeculture.xml:10019
+#: freeculture.xml:10155

 msgid ""
 "This state of affairs is not without consequence. It is a particularly "
 "salient issue for teachers like me, whose job it is to teach law students "
 msgid ""
 "This state of affairs is not without consequence. It is a particularly "
 "salient issue for teachers like me, whose job it is to teach law students "


@@ -13438,12 +14098,11 @@ msgid ""
 "case is over. Generations of Americans&mdash;more significantly in some "
 "parts of America than in others, but still, everywhere in America "
 "today&mdash;can't live their lives both normally and legally, since "
 "case is over. Generations of Americans&mdash;more significantly in some "
 "parts of America than in others, but still, everywhere in America "
 "today&mdash;can't live their lives both normally and legally, since "

-"<quote>normally</quote> entails a certain degree of illegality.  "
-"<placeholder type=\"indexterm\" id=\"0\"/>"
+"<quote>normally</quote> entails a certain degree of illegality."

 msgstr ""
 
 #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><section><para>
 msgstr ""
 
 #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><section><para>

-#: freeculture.xml:10037
+#: freeculture.xml:10172

 msgid ""
 "The response to this general illegality is either to enforce the law more "
 "severely or to change the law. We, as a society, have to learn how to make "
 msgid ""
 "The response to this general illegality is either to enforce the law more "
 "severely or to change the law. We, as a society, have to learn how to make "


@@ -13457,7 +14116,7 @@ msgstr ""
 
 #.  PAGE BREAK 211 
 #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><section><para>
 
 #.  PAGE BREAK 211 
 #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><section><para>

-#: freeculture.xml:10050
+#: freeculture.xml:10185

 msgid ""
 "My point is not the idiotic one: Just because people violate a law, we "
 "should therefore repeal it. Obviously, we could reduce murder statistics "
 msgid ""
 "My point is not the idiotic one: Just because people violate a law, we "
 "should therefore repeal it. Obviously, we could reduce murder statistics "


@@ -13467,7 +14126,7 @@ msgid ""
 msgstr ""
 
 #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><section><para>
 msgstr ""
 
 #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><section><para>

-#: freeculture.xml:10057
+#: freeculture.xml:10192

 msgid ""
 "My point is instead one that democracies understood for generations, but "
 "that we recently have learned to forget. The rule of law depends upon people "
 msgid ""
 "My point is instead one that democracies understood for generations, but "
 "that we recently have learned to forget. The rule of law depends upon people "


@@ -13484,7 +14143,7 @@ msgid ""
 msgstr ""
 
 #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><section><para>
 msgstr ""
 
 #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><section><para>

-#: freeculture.xml:10071
+#: freeculture.xml:10206

 msgid ""
 "When at least forty-three million citizens download content from the "
 "Internet, and when they use tools to combine that content in ways "
 msgid ""
 "When at least forty-three million citizens download content from the "
 "Internet, and when they use tools to combine that content in ways "


@@ -13498,13 +14157,13 @@ msgid ""
 msgstr ""
 
 #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><section><para>
 msgstr ""
 
 #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><section><para>

-#: freeculture.xml:10083
+#: freeculture.xml:10218

 msgid "This abstract point can be made more clear with a particular example."
 msgstr ""
 
 #.  PAGE BREAK 212 
 #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><section><para>
 msgid "This abstract point can be made more clear with a particular example."
 msgstr ""
 
 #.  PAGE BREAK 212 
 #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><section><para>

-#: freeculture.xml:10086
+#: freeculture.xml:10221

 msgid ""
 "We all own CDs. Many of us still own phonograph records. These pieces of "
 "plastic encode music that in a certain sense we have bought.  The law "
 msgid ""
 "We all own CDs. Many of us still own phonograph records. These pieces of "
 "plastic encode music that in a certain sense we have bought.  The law "


@@ -13515,7 +14174,7 @@ msgid ""
 msgstr ""
 
 #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><section><para>
 msgstr ""
 
 #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><section><para>

-#: freeculture.xml:10097
+#: freeculture.xml:10232

 msgid ""
 "But as the MP3 craze has demonstrated, there is another use of phonograph "
 "records that is effectively free. Because these recordings were made without "
 msgid ""
 "But as the MP3 craze has demonstrated, there is another use of phonograph "
 "records that is effectively free. Because these recordings were made without "


@@ -13527,12 +14186,17 @@ msgid ""
 msgstr ""
 
 #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><section><indexterm><primary>
 msgstr ""
 
 #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><section><indexterm><primary>

-#: freeculture.xml:10105
-msgid "Adromeda"
+#: freeculture.xml:10240
+msgid "Andromeda"
+msgstr ""
+
+#. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><section><indexterm><secondary>
+#: freeculture.xml:10241
+msgid "mix technology and"

 msgstr ""
 
 #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><section><para>
 msgstr ""
 
 #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><section><para>

-#: freeculture.xml:10107
+#: freeculture.xml:10243

 msgid ""
 "This <quote>use</quote> of my records is certainly valuable. I have begun a "
 "large process at home of ripping all of my and my wife's CDs, and storing "
 msgid ""
 "This <quote>use</quote> of my records is certainly valuable. I have begun a "
 "large process at home of ripping all of my and my wife's CDs, and storing "


@@ -13546,7 +14210,7 @@ msgid ""
 msgstr ""
 
 #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><section><para>
 msgstr ""
 
 #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><section><para>

-#: freeculture.xml:10118
+#: freeculture.xml:10254

 msgid ""
 "This use is enabled by unprotected media&mdash;either CDs or records.  But "
 "unprotected media also enable file sharing. File sharing threatens (or so "
 msgid ""
 "This use is enabled by unprotected media&mdash;either CDs or records.  But "
 "unprotected media also enable file sharing. File sharing threatens (or so "


@@ -13559,7 +14223,7 @@ msgstr ""
 
 #.  PAGE BREAK 213 
 #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><section><para>
 
 #.  PAGE BREAK 213 
 #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><section><para>

-#: freeculture.xml:10128
+#: freeculture.xml:10264

 msgid ""
 "If these technologies took off, then the building of large archives of your "
 "own music would become quite difficult. You might hang in hacker circles, "
 msgid ""
 "If these technologies took off, then the building of large archives of your "
 "own music would become quite difficult. You might hang in hacker circles, "


@@ -13573,7 +14237,7 @@ msgid ""
 msgstr ""
 
 #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><section><para>
 msgstr ""
 
 #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><section><para>

-#: freeculture.xml:10142
+#: freeculture.xml:10279

 msgid ""
 "If the only way to assure that artists get paid were the elimination of the "
 "ability to freely move content, then these technologies to interfere with "
 msgid ""
 "If the only way to assure that artists get paid were the elimination of the "
 "ability to freely move content, then these technologies to interfere with "


@@ -13585,7 +14249,7 @@ msgid ""
 msgstr ""
 
 #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><section><para>
 msgstr ""
 
 #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><section><para>

-#: freeculture.xml:10151
+#: freeculture.xml:10288

 msgid ""
 "My point just now is not to prove that there is such a system. I offer a "
 "version of such a system in the last chapter of this book. For now, the only "
 msgid ""
 "My point just now is not to prove that there is such a system. I offer a "
 "version of such a system in the last chapter of this book. For now, the only "


@@ -13598,7 +14262,7 @@ msgid ""
 msgstr ""
 
 #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><section><para>
 msgstr ""
 
 #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><section><para>

-#: freeculture.xml:10162
+#: freeculture.xml:10299

 msgid ""
 "I believe there is a way to assure that artists are paid without turning "
 "forty-three million Americans into felons. But the salient feature of this "
 msgid ""
 "I believe there is a way to assure that artists are paid without turning "
 "forty-three million Americans into felons. But the salient feature of this "


@@ -13610,7 +14274,7 @@ msgid ""
 msgstr ""
 
 #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><section><para>
 msgstr ""
 
 #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><section><para>

-#: freeculture.xml:10171
+#: freeculture.xml:10308

 msgid ""
 "Except that this generation's buggy manufacturers have already saddled "
 "Congress, and are riding the law to protect themselves against this new form "
 msgid ""
 "Except that this generation's buggy manufacturers have already saddled "
 "Congress, and are riding the law to protect themselves against this new form "


@@ -13620,7 +14284,7 @@ msgstr ""
 
 #.  PAGE BREAK 214 
 #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><section><para>
 
 #.  PAGE BREAK 214 
 #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><section><para>

-#: freeculture.xml:10177
+#: freeculture.xml:10314

 msgid ""
 "It is understandable why they choose as they do. It is not understandable "
 "why we as a democracy continue to choose as we do. Jack Valenti is charming; "
 msgid ""
 "It is understandable why they choose as they do. It is not understandable "
 "why we as a democracy continue to choose as we do. Jack Valenti is charming; "


@@ -13629,9 +14293,9 @@ msgid ""
 msgstr ""
 
 #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><section><para>
 msgstr ""
 
 #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><section><para>

-#: freeculture.xml:10190
+#: freeculture.xml:10325

 msgid ""
 msgid ""

-"<emphasis role=\"strong\">There's one</emphasis> more aspect to this "
+"<emphasis role='strong'>There's one more</emphasis> aspect to this "

 "corruption that is particularly important to civil liberties, and follows "
 "directly from any war of prohibition.  As Electronic Frontier Foundation "
 "attorney Fred von Lohmann describes, this is the <quote>collateral "
 "corruption that is particularly important to civil liberties, and follows "
 "directly from any war of prohibition.  As Electronic Frontier Foundation "
 "attorney Fred von Lohmann describes, this is the <quote>collateral "


@@ -13640,20 +14304,20 @@ msgid ""
 "civil liberties generally."
 msgstr ""
 
 "civil liberties generally."
 msgstr ""
 

-#. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><section><para><indexterm><primary>
-#: freeculture.xml:10201 freeculture.xml:10311
+#. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><section><indexterm><primary>
+#: freeculture.xml:10333 freeculture.xml:10433

 msgid "von Lohmann, Fred"
 msgstr ""
 
 #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><section><para>
 msgid "von Lohmann, Fred"
 msgstr ""
 
 #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><section><para>

-#: freeculture.xml:10199
+#: freeculture.xml:10335

 msgid ""
 "<quote>If you can treat someone as a putative lawbreaker,</quote> von "
 msgid ""
 "<quote>If you can treat someone as a putative lawbreaker,</quote> von "

-"Lohmann explains, <placeholder type=\"indexterm\" id=\"0\"/>"
+"Lohmann explains,"

 msgstr ""
 
 #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><section><blockquote><para>
 msgstr ""
 
 #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><section><blockquote><para>

-#: freeculture.xml:10205
+#: freeculture.xml:10340

 msgid ""
 "then all of a sudden a lot of basic civil liberty protections evaporate to "
 "one degree or another. &hellip; If you're a copyright infringer, how can you "
 msgid ""
 "then all of a sudden a lot of basic civil liberty protections evaporate to "
 "one degree or another. &hellip; If you're a copyright infringer, how can you "


@@ -13667,7 +14331,7 @@ msgid ""
 msgstr ""
 
 #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><section><para>
 msgstr ""
 
 #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><section><para>

-#: freeculture.xml:10217
+#: freeculture.xml:10352

 msgid ""
 "And the consequence of this transformation of the American public into "
 "criminals is that it becomes trivial, as a matter of due process, to "
 msgid ""
 "And the consequence of this transformation of the American public into "
 "criminals is that it becomes trivial, as a matter of due process, to "


@@ -13675,7 +14339,7 @@ msgid ""
 msgstr ""
 
 #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><section><para>
 msgstr ""
 
 #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><section><para>

-#: freeculture.xml:10222
+#: freeculture.xml:10357

 msgid ""
 "Users of the Internet began to see this generally in 2003 as the RIAA "
 "launched its campaign to force Internet service providers to turn over the "
 msgid ""
 "Users of the Internet began to see this generally in 2003 as the RIAA "
 "launched its campaign to force Internet service providers to turn over the "


@@ -13687,7 +14351,7 @@ msgstr ""
 
 #.  f20. 
 #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><section><para><footnote><para>
 
 #.  f20. 
 #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><section><para><footnote><para>

-#: freeculture.xml:10240
+#: freeculture.xml:10375

 msgid ""
 "See Frank Ahrens, <quote>RIAA's Lawsuits Meet Surprised Targets; Single "
 "Mother in Calif., 12-Year-Old Girl in N.Y. Among Defendants,</quote> "
 msgid ""
 "See Frank Ahrens, <quote>RIAA's Lawsuits Meet Surprised Targets; Single "
 "Mother in Calif., 12-Year-Old Girl in N.Y. Among Defendants,</quote> "


@@ -13704,7 +14368,7 @@ msgid ""
 msgstr ""
 
 #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><section><para>
 msgstr ""
 
 #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><section><para>

-#: freeculture.xml:10231
+#: freeculture.xml:10366

 msgid ""
 "The RIAA then expanded this campaign, by announcing a general strategy to "
 "sue individual users of the Internet who are alleged to have downloaded "
 msgid ""
 "The RIAA then expanded this campaign, by announcing a general strategy to "
 "sue individual users of the Internet who are alleged to have downloaded "


@@ -13718,7 +14382,7 @@ msgstr ""
 
 #.  f21. 
 #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><section><para><footnote><para>
 
 #.  f21. 
 #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><section><para><footnote><para>

-#: freeculture.xml:10258
+#: freeculture.xml:10393

 msgid ""
 "See <quote>Revealed: How RIAA Tracks Downloaders: Music Industry Discloses "
 "Some Methods Used,</quote> CNN.com, available at <ulink "
 msgid ""
 "See <quote>Revealed: How RIAA Tracks Downloaders: Music Industry Discloses "
 "Some Methods Used,</quote> CNN.com, available at <ulink "


@@ -13726,7 +14390,7 @@ msgid ""
 msgstr ""
 
 #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><section><para>
 msgstr ""
 
 #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><section><para>

-#: freeculture.xml:10254
+#: freeculture.xml:10389

 msgid ""
 "Even this understates the espionage that is being waged by the RIAA. A "
 "report from CNN late last summer described a strategy the RIAA had adopted "
 msgid ""
 "Even this understates the espionage that is being waged by the RIAA. A "
 "report from CNN late last summer described a strategy the RIAA had adopted "


@@ -13738,7 +14402,7 @@ msgstr ""
 
 #.  f22. 
 #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><section><para><footnote><para>
 
 #.  f22. 
 #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><section><para><footnote><para>

-#: freeculture.xml:10279
+#: freeculture.xml:10414

 msgid ""
 "See Jeff Adler, <quote>Cambridge: On Campus, Pirates Are Not "
 "Penitent,</quote> <citetitle>Boston Globe</citetitle>, 18 May 2003, City "
 msgid ""
 "See Jeff Adler, <quote>Cambridge: On Campus, Pirates Are Not "
 "Penitent,</quote> <citetitle>Boston Globe</citetitle>, 18 May 2003, City "


@@ -13761,7 +14425,7 @@ msgid ""
 msgstr ""
 
 #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><section><para>
 msgstr ""
 
 #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><section><para>

-#: freeculture.xml:10267
+#: freeculture.xml:10402

 msgid ""
 "So imagine the following not-implausible scenario: Imagine a friend gives a "
 "CD to your daughter&mdash;a collection of songs just like the cassettes you "
 msgid ""
 "So imagine the following not-implausible scenario: Imagine a friend gives a "
 "CD to your daughter&mdash;a collection of songs just like the cassettes you "


@@ -13777,8 +14441,9 @@ msgid ""
 "network.  She can, in some cases, be expelled."
 msgstr ""
 
 "network.  She can, in some cases, be expelled."
 msgstr ""
 

+#.  PAGE BREAK 216 

 #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><section><para>
 #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><section><para>

-#: freeculture.xml:10299
+#: freeculture.xml:10435

 msgid ""
 "Now, of course, she'll have the right to defend herself. You can hire a "
 "lawyer for her (at $300 per hour, if you're lucky), and she can plead that "
 msgid ""
 "Now, of course, she'll have the right to defend herself. You can hire a "
 "lawyer for her (at $300 per hour, if you're lucky), and she can plead that "


@@ -13788,11 +14453,11 @@ msgid ""
 "<quote>contraband</quote> as presumptive of guilt. And as any number of "
 "college students have already learned, our presumptions about innocence "
 "disappear in the middle of wars of prohibition. This war is no different.  "
 "<quote>contraband</quote> as presumptive of guilt. And as any number of "
 "college students have already learned, our presumptions about innocence "
 "disappear in the middle of wars of prohibition. This war is no different.  "

-"Says von Lohmann, <placeholder type=\"indexterm\" id=\"0\"/>"
+"Says von Lohmann,"

 msgstr ""
 
 #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><section><blockquote><para>
 msgstr ""
 
 #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><section><blockquote><para>

-#: freeculture.xml:10315
+#: freeculture.xml:10450

 msgid ""
 "So when we're talking about numbers like forty to sixty million Americans "
 "that are essentially copyright infringers, you create a situation where the "
 msgid ""
 "So when we're talking about numbers like forty to sixty million Americans "
 "that are essentially copyright infringers, you create a situation where the "


@@ -13813,7 +14478,7 @@ msgid ""
 msgstr ""
 
 #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><section><para>
 msgstr ""
 
 #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><section><para>

-#: freeculture.xml:10335
+#: freeculture.xml:10470

 msgid ""
 "When forty to sixty million Americans are considered "
 "<quote>criminals</quote> under the law, and when the law could achieve the "
 msgid ""
 "When forty to sixty million Americans are considered "
 "<quote>criminals</quote> under the law, and when the law could achieve the "


@@ -13824,21 +14489,22 @@ msgid ""
 msgstr ""
 
 #. type: Content of: <book><part><title>
 msgstr ""
 
 #. type: Content of: <book><part><title>

-#: freeculture.xml:10348
+#: freeculture.xml:10483

 msgid "BALANCES"
 msgstr ""
 
 #. type: Content of: <book><part><partintro><para>
 msgid "BALANCES"
 msgstr ""
 
 #. type: Content of: <book><part><partintro><para>

-#: freeculture.xml:10353
+#: freeculture.xml:10488

 msgid ""
 msgid ""

-"So here's the picture: You're standing at the side of the road. Your car is "
-"on fire. You are angry and upset because in part you helped start the "
-"fire. Now you don't know how to put it out. Next to you is a bucket, filled "
-"with gasoline. Obviously, gasoline won't put the fire out."
+"<emphasis role='strong'>So here's</emphasis> the picture: You're standing at "
+"the side of the road. Your car is on fire. You are angry and upset because "
+"in part you helped start the fire. Now you don't know how to put it "
+"out. Next to you is a bucket, filled with gasoline. Obviously, gasoline "
+"won't put the fire out."

 msgstr ""
 
 #. type: Content of: <book><part><partintro><para>
 msgstr ""
 
 #. type: Content of: <book><part><partintro><para>

-#: freeculture.xml:10359
+#: freeculture.xml:10495

 msgid ""
 "As you ponder the mess, someone else comes along. In a panic, she grabs the "
 "bucket. Before you have a chance to tell her to stop&mdash;or before she "
 msgid ""
 "As you ponder the mess, someone else comes along. In a panic, she grabs the "
 "bucket. Before you have a chance to tell her to stop&mdash;or before she "


@@ -13848,19 +14514,20 @@ msgid ""
 msgstr ""
 
 #. type: Content of: <book><part><partintro><para>
 msgstr ""
 
 #. type: Content of: <book><part><partintro><para>

-#: freeculture.xml:10367
+#: freeculture.xml:10503

 msgid ""
 msgid ""

-"A war about copyright rages all around&mdash;and we're all focusing on the "
-"wrong thing. No doubt, current technologies threaten existing businesses.  "
-"No doubt they may threaten artists. But technologies change.  The industry "
-"and technologists have plenty of ways to use technology to protect "
-"themselves against the current threats of the Internet. This is a fire that "
-"if let alone would burn itself out."
+"<emphasis role='strong'>A war</emphasis> about copyright rages all "
+"around&mdash;and we're all focusing on the wrong thing. No doubt, current "
+"technologies threaten existing businesses.  No doubt they may threaten "
+"artists. But technologies change.  The industry and technologists have "
+"plenty of ways to use technology to protect themselves against the current "
+"threats of the Internet. This is a fire that if let alone would burn itself "
+"out."

 msgstr ""
 
 #.  PAGE BREAK 219 
 #. type: Content of: <book><part><partintro><para>
 msgstr ""
 
 #.  PAGE BREAK 219 
 #. type: Content of: <book><part><partintro><para>

-#: freeculture.xml:10376
+#: freeculture.xml:10513

 msgid ""
 "Yet policy makers are not willing to leave this fire to itself. Primed with "
 "plenty of lobbyists' money, they are keen to intervene to eliminate the "
 msgid ""
 "Yet policy makers are not willing to leave this fire to itself. Primed with "
 "plenty of lobbyists' money, they are keen to intervene to eliminate the "


@@ -13870,7 +14537,7 @@ msgid ""
 msgstr ""
 
 #. type: Content of: <book><part><partintro><para>
 msgstr ""
 
 #. type: Content of: <book><part><partintro><para>

-#: freeculture.xml:10384
+#: freeculture.xml:10521

 msgid ""
 "Somehow we have to find a way to turn attention to this more important and "
 "fundamental issue. Somehow we have to find a way to avoid pouring gasoline "
 msgid ""
 "Somehow we have to find a way to turn attention to this more important and "
 "fundamental issue. Somehow we have to find a way to avoid pouring gasoline "


@@ -13878,7 +14545,7 @@ msgid ""
 msgstr ""
 
 #. type: Content of: <book><part><partintro><para>
 msgstr ""
 
 #. type: Content of: <book><part><partintro><para>

-#: freeculture.xml:10389
+#: freeculture.xml:10526

 msgid ""
 "We have not found that way yet. Instead, we seem trapped in a simpler, "
 "binary view. However much many people push to frame this debate more "
 msgid ""
 "We have not found that way yet. Instead, we seem trapped in a simpler, "
 "binary view. However much many people push to frame this debate more "


@@ -13887,7 +14554,7 @@ msgid ""
 msgstr ""
 
 #. type: Content of: <book><part><partintro><para>
 msgstr ""
 
 #. type: Content of: <book><part><partintro><para>

-#: freeculture.xml:10395
+#: freeculture.xml:10532

 msgid ""
 "This challenge has been my life these last few years. It has also been my "
 "failure. In the two chapters that follow, I describe one small brace of "
 msgid ""
 "This challenge has been my life these last few years. It has also been my "
 "failure. In the two chapters that follow, I describe one small brace of "


@@ -13896,28 +14563,29 @@ msgid ""
 msgstr ""
 
 #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><title>
 msgstr ""
 
 #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><title>

-#: freeculture.xml:10405
+#: freeculture.xml:10542

 msgid "CHAPTER THIRTEEN: Eldred"
 msgstr ""
 
 #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><indexterm><primary>
 msgid "CHAPTER THIRTEEN: Eldred"
 msgstr ""
 
 #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><indexterm><primary>

-#: freeculture.xml:10407
+#: freeculture.xml:10543

 msgid "Hawthorne, Nathaniel"
 msgstr ""
 
 #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para>
 msgid "Hawthorne, Nathaniel"
 msgstr ""
 
 #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para>

-#: freeculture.xml:10410
+#: freeculture.xml:10545

 msgid ""
 msgid ""

-"In 1995, a father was frustrated that his daughters didn't seem to like "
-"Hawthorne. No doubt there was more than one such father, but at least one "
-"did something about it. Eric Eldred, a retired computer programmer living in "
-"New Hampshire, decided to put Hawthorne on the Web. An electronic version, "
-"Eldred thought, with links to pictures and explanatory text, would make this "
-"nineteenth-century author's work come alive."
+"<emphasis role='strong'>In 1995</emphasis>, a father was frustrated that his "
+"daughters didn't seem to like Hawthorne. No doubt there was more than one "
+"such father, but at least one did something about it. Eric Eldred, a retired "
+"computer programmer living in New Hampshire, decided to put Hawthorne on the "
+"Web. An electronic version, Eldred thought, with links to pictures and "
+"explanatory text, would make this nineteenth-century author's work come "
+"alive."

 msgstr ""
 
 #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para>
 msgstr ""
 
 #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para>

-#: freeculture.xml:10419
+#: freeculture.xml:10554

 msgid ""
 "It didn't work&mdash;at least for his daughters. They didn't find Hawthorne "
 "any more interesting than before. But Eldred's experiment gave birth to a "
 msgid ""
 "It didn't work&mdash;at least for his daughters. They didn't find Hawthorne "
 "any more interesting than before. But Eldred's experiment gave birth to a "


@@ -13927,7 +14595,7 @@ msgstr ""
 
 #.  PAGE BREAK 221 
 #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para>
 
 #.  PAGE BREAK 221 
 #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para>

-#: freeculture.xml:10426
+#: freeculture.xml:10563

 msgid ""
 "Eldred's library was not simply a copy of certain public domain works, "
 "though even a copy would have been of great value to people across the world "
 msgid ""
 "Eldred's library was not simply a copy of certain public domain works, "
 "though even a copy would have been of great value to people across the world "


@@ -13939,7 +14607,7 @@ msgid ""
 msgstr ""
 
 #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para>
 msgstr ""
 
 #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para>

-#: freeculture.xml:10437
+#: freeculture.xml:10574

 msgid ""
 "Eldred's freedom to do this with Hawthorne's work grew from the same source "
 "as Disney's. Hawthorne's <citetitle>Scarlet Letter</citetitle> had passed "
 msgid ""
 "Eldred's freedom to do this with Hawthorne's work grew from the same source "
 "as Disney's. Hawthorne's <citetitle>Scarlet Letter</citetitle> had passed "


@@ -13956,7 +14624,7 @@ msgstr ""
 
 #.  f1. 
 #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para><footnote><para>
 
 #.  f1. 
 #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para><footnote><para>

-#: freeculture.xml:10461
+#: freeculture.xml:10599

 msgid ""
 "There's a parallel here with pornography that is a bit hard to describe, but "
 "it's a strong one. One phenomenon that the Internet created was a world of "
 msgid ""
 "There's a parallel here with pornography that is a bit hard to describe, but "
 "it's a strong one. One phenomenon that the Internet created was a world of "


@@ -13974,7 +14642,7 @@ msgid ""
 msgstr ""
 
 #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para>
 msgstr ""
 
 #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para>

-#: freeculture.xml:10450
+#: freeculture.xml:10588

 msgid ""
 "The Internet created the possibility of noncommercial publications of public "
 "domain works. Eldred's is just one example. There are literally thousands of "
 msgid ""
 "The Internet created the possibility of noncommercial publications of public "
 "domain works. Eldred's is just one example. There are literally thousands of "


@@ -13989,7 +14657,7 @@ msgid ""
 msgstr ""
 
 #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para>
 msgstr ""
 
 #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para>

-#: freeculture.xml:10478
+#: freeculture.xml:10616

 msgid ""
 "As I said, Eldred lives in New Hampshire. In 1998, Robert Frost's collection "
 "of poems <citetitle>New Hampshire</citetitle> was slated to pass into the "
 msgid ""
 "As I said, Eldred lives in New Hampshire. In 1998, Robert Frost's collection "
 "of poems <citetitle>New Hampshire</citetitle> was slated to pass into the "


@@ -14005,17 +14673,17 @@ msgid ""
 msgstr ""
 
 #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para><footnote><para><indexterm><primary>
 msgstr ""
 
 #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para><footnote><para><indexterm><primary>

-#: freeculture.xml:10491 freeculture.xml:10501
+#: freeculture.xml:10629 freeculture.xml:10639

 msgid "Bono, Mary"
 msgstr ""
 
 #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para><footnote><para><indexterm><primary>
 msgid "Bono, Mary"
 msgstr ""
 
 #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para><footnote><para><indexterm><primary>

-#: freeculture.xml:10492 freeculture.xml:10502
+#: freeculture.xml:10630 freeculture.xml:10640

 msgid "Bono, Sonny"
 msgstr ""
 
 #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para><footnote><para>
 msgid "Bono, Sonny"
 msgstr ""
 
 #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para><footnote><para>

-#: freeculture.xml:10501
+#: freeculture.xml:10639

 msgid ""
 "<placeholder type=\"indexterm\" id=\"0\"/> <placeholder type=\"indexterm\" "
 "id=\"1\"/> The full text is: <quote>Sonny [Bono] wanted the term of "
 msgid ""
 "<placeholder type=\"indexterm\" id=\"0\"/> <placeholder type=\"indexterm\" "
 "id=\"1\"/> The full text is: <quote>Sonny [Bono] wanted the term of "


@@ -14028,7 +14696,7 @@ msgid ""
 msgstr ""
 
 #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para>
 msgstr ""
 
 #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para>

-#: freeculture.xml:10496
+#: freeculture.xml:10634

 msgid ""
 "This was the Sonny Bono Copyright Term Extension Act (CTEA), enacted in "
 "memory of the congressman and former musician Sonny Bono, who, his widow, "
 msgid ""
 "This was the Sonny Bono Copyright Term Extension Act (CTEA), enacted in "
 "memory of the congressman and former musician Sonny Bono, who, his widow, "


@@ -14037,7 +14705,7 @@ msgid ""
 msgstr ""
 
 #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para>
 msgstr ""
 
 #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para>

-#: freeculture.xml:10514
+#: freeculture.xml:10652

 msgid ""
 "Eldred decided to fight this law. He first resolved to fight it through "
 "civil disobedience. In a series of interviews, Eldred announced that he "
 msgid ""
 "Eldred decided to fight this law. He first resolved to fight it through "
 "civil disobedience. In a series of interviews, Eldred announced that he "


@@ -14048,7 +14716,7 @@ msgid ""
 msgstr ""
 
 #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para>
 msgstr ""
 
 #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para>

-#: freeculture.xml:10523
+#: freeculture.xml:10661

 msgid ""
 "It was here that I became involved in Eldred's battle. I was a "
 "constitutional scholar whose first passion was constitutional "
 msgid ""
 "It was here that I became involved in Eldred's battle. I was a "
 "constitutional scholar whose first passion was constitutional "


@@ -14058,7 +14726,7 @@ msgid ""
 msgstr ""
 
 #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><blockquote><para>
 msgstr ""
 
 #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><blockquote><para>

-#: freeculture.xml:10534
+#: freeculture.xml:10672

 msgid ""
 "Congress has the power to promote the Progress of Science &hellip; by "
 "securing for limited Times to Authors &hellip; exclusive Right to their "
 msgid ""
 "Congress has the power to promote the Progress of Science &hellip; by "
 "securing for limited Times to Authors &hellip; exclusive Right to their "


@@ -14066,7 +14734,7 @@ msgid ""
 msgstr ""
 
 #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para>
 msgstr ""
 
 #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para>

-#: freeculture.xml:10540
+#: freeculture.xml:10678

 msgid ""
 "As I've described, this clause is unique within the power-granting clause of "
 "Article I, section 8 of our Constitution. Every other clause granting power "
 msgid ""
 "As I've described, this clause is unique within the power-granting clause of "
 "Article I, section 8 of our Constitution. Every other clause granting power "


@@ -14079,13 +14747,14 @@ msgid ""
 "<quote>for limited Times.</quote>"
 msgstr ""
 
 "<quote>for limited Times.</quote>"
 msgstr ""
 

-#. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para><indexterm><primary>
-#: freeculture.xml:10559 freeculture.xml:12029
+#. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><indexterm><primary>
+#: freeculture.xml:10687 freeculture.xml:12173

 msgid "Jaszi, Peter"
 msgstr ""
 
 msgid "Jaszi, Peter"
 msgstr ""
 

+#.  PAGE BREAK 223 

 #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para>
 #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para>

-#: freeculture.xml:10550
+#: freeculture.xml:10689

 msgid ""
 "In the past forty years, Congress has gotten into the practice of extending "
 "existing terms of copyright protection. What puzzled me about this was, if "
 msgid ""
 "In the past forty years, Congress has gotten into the practice of extending "
 "existing terms of copyright protection. What puzzled me about this was, if "


@@ -14094,12 +14763,11 @@ msgid ""
 "effect. If every time a copyright is about to expire, Congress has the power "
 "to extend its term, then Congress can achieve what the Constitution plainly "
 "forbids&mdash;perpetual terms <quote>on the installment plan,</quote> as "
 "effect. If every time a copyright is about to expire, Congress has the power "
 "to extend its term, then Congress can achieve what the Constitution plainly "
 "forbids&mdash;perpetual terms <quote>on the installment plan,</quote> as "

-"Professor Peter Jaszi so nicely put it.  <placeholder type=\"indexterm\" "
-"id=\"0\"/>"
+"Professor Peter Jaszi so nicely put it."

 msgstr ""
 
 #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para>
 msgstr ""
 
 #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para>

-#: freeculture.xml:10562
+#: freeculture.xml:10700

 msgid ""
 "As an academic, my first response was to hit the books. I remember sitting "
 "late at the office, scouring on-line databases for any serious consideration "
 msgid ""
 "As an academic, my first response was to hit the books. I remember sitting "
 "late at the office, scouring on-line databases for any serious consideration "


@@ -14112,7 +14780,7 @@ msgid ""
 msgstr ""
 
 #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para>
 msgstr ""
 
 #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para>

-#: freeculture.xml:10573
+#: freeculture.xml:10711

 msgid ""
 "For this is the core of the corruption in our present system of "
 "government. <quote>Corruption</quote> not in the sense that representatives "
 msgid ""
 "For this is the core of the corruption in our present system of "
 "government. <quote>Corruption</quote> not in the sense that representatives "


@@ -14124,7 +14792,7 @@ msgid ""
 msgstr ""
 
 #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para>
 msgstr ""
 
 #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para>

-#: freeculture.xml:10582
+#: freeculture.xml:10720

 msgid ""
 "If that's not obvious to you, consider the following: Say you're one of the "
 "very few lucky copyright owners whose copyright continues to make money one "
 msgid ""
 "If that's not obvious to you, consider the following: Say you're one of the "
 "very few lucky copyright owners whose copyright continues to make money one "


@@ -14136,7 +14804,7 @@ msgid ""
 msgstr ""
 
 #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para>
 msgstr ""
 
 #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para>

-#: freeculture.xml:10592
+#: freeculture.xml:10730

 msgid ""
 "So imagine the Robert Frost estate is earning $100,000 a year from three of "
 "Frost's poems. And imagine the copyright for those poems is about to "
 msgid ""
 "So imagine the Robert Frost estate is earning $100,000 a year from three of "
 "Frost's poems. And imagine the copyright for those poems is about to "


@@ -14146,7 +14814,7 @@ msgstr ""
 
 #.  PAGE BREAK 224 
 #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para>
 
 #.  PAGE BREAK 224 
 #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para>

-#: freeculture.xml:10599
+#: freeculture.xml:10737

 msgid ""
 "<quote>Next year,</quote> the adviser announces, <quote>our copyrights in "
 "works A, B, and C will expire. That means that after next year, we will no "
 msgid ""
 "<quote>Next year,</quote> the adviser announces, <quote>our copyrights in "
 "works A, B, and C will expire. That means that after next year, we will no "


@@ -14155,7 +14823,7 @@ msgid ""
 msgstr ""
 
 #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para>
 msgstr ""
 
 #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para>

-#: freeculture.xml:10607
+#: freeculture.xml:10745

 msgid ""
 "<quote>There's a proposal in Congress, however,</quote> she continues, "
 "<quote>that could change this. A few congressmen are floating a bill to "
 msgid ""
 "<quote>There's a proposal in Congress, however,</quote> she continues, "
 "<quote>that could change this. A few congressmen are floating a bill to "


@@ -14164,14 +14832,14 @@ msgid ""
 msgstr ""
 
 #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para>
 msgstr ""
 
 #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para>

-#: freeculture.xml:10613
+#: freeculture.xml:10751

 msgid ""
 "<quote>Hope?</quote> a fellow board member says. <quote>Can't we be doing "
 "something about it?</quote>"
 msgstr ""
 
 #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para>
 msgid ""
 "<quote>Hope?</quote> a fellow board member says. <quote>Can't we be doing "
 "something about it?</quote>"
 msgstr ""
 
 #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para>

-#: freeculture.xml:10617
+#: freeculture.xml:10755

 msgid ""
 "<quote>Well, obviously, yes,</quote> the adviser responds. <quote>We could "
 "contribute to the campaigns of a number of representatives to try to assure "
 msgid ""
 "<quote>Well, obviously, yes,</quote> the adviser responds. <quote>We could "
 "contribute to the campaigns of a number of representatives to try to assure "


@@ -14179,7 +14847,7 @@ msgid ""
 msgstr ""
 
 #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para>
 msgstr ""
 
 #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para>

-#: freeculture.xml:10622
+#: freeculture.xml:10760

 msgid ""
 "You hate politics. You hate contributing to campaigns. So you want to know "
 "whether this disgusting practice is worth it. <quote>How much would we get "
 msgid ""
 "You hate politics. You hate contributing to campaigns. So you want to know "
 "whether this disgusting practice is worth it. <quote>How much would we get "


@@ -14188,7 +14856,7 @@ msgid ""
 msgstr ""
 
 #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para>
 msgstr ""
 
 #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para>

-#: freeculture.xml:10628
+#: freeculture.xml:10766

 msgid ""
 "<quote>Well,</quote> the adviser says, <quote>if you're confident that you "
 "will continue to get at least $100,000 a year from these copyrights, and you "
 msgid ""
 "<quote>Well,</quote> the adviser says, <quote>if you're confident that you "
 "will continue to get at least $100,000 a year from these copyrights, and you "


@@ -14197,14 +14865,14 @@ msgid ""
 msgstr ""
 
 #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para>
 msgstr ""
 
 #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para>

-#: freeculture.xml:10634
+#: freeculture.xml:10772

 msgid ""
 "You're a bit shocked by the number, but you quickly come to the correct "
 "conclusion:"
 msgstr ""
 
 #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para>
 msgid ""
 "You're a bit shocked by the number, but you quickly come to the correct "
 "conclusion:"
 msgstr ""
 
 #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para>

-#: freeculture.xml:10638
+#: freeculture.xml:10776

 msgid ""
 "<quote>So you're saying it would be worth it for us to pay more than "
 "$1,000,000 in campaign contributions if we were confident those "
 msgid ""
 "<quote>So you're saying it would be worth it for us to pay more than "
 "$1,000,000 in campaign contributions if we were confident those "


@@ -14212,7 +14880,7 @@ msgid ""
 msgstr ""
 
 #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para>
 msgstr ""
 
 #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para>

-#: freeculture.xml:10644
+#: freeculture.xml:10782

 msgid ""
 "<quote>Absolutely,</quote> the adviser responds. <quote>It is worth it to "
 "you to contribute up to the `present value' of the income you expect from "
 msgid ""
 "<quote>Absolutely,</quote> the adviser responds. <quote>It is worth it to "
 "you to contribute up to the `present value' of the income you expect from "


@@ -14221,7 +14889,7 @@ msgstr ""
 
 #.  PAGE BREAK 225 
 #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para>
 
 #.  PAGE BREAK 225 
 #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para>

-#: freeculture.xml:10650
+#: freeculture.xml:10788

 msgid ""
 "You quickly get the point&mdash;you as the member of the board and, I trust, "
 "you the reader. Each time copyrights are about to expire, every beneficiary "
 msgid ""
 "You quickly get the point&mdash;you as the member of the board and, I trust, "
 "you the reader. Each time copyrights are about to expire, every beneficiary "


@@ -14233,7 +14901,7 @@ msgid ""
 msgstr ""
 
 #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para>
 msgstr ""
 
 #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para>

-#: freeculture.xml:10661
+#: freeculture.xml:10799

 msgid ""
 "Thus a congressional perpetual motion machine: So long as legislation can be "
 "bought (albeit indirectly), there will be all the incentive in the world to "
 msgid ""
 "Thus a congressional perpetual motion machine: So long as legislation can be "
 "bought (albeit indirectly), there will be all the incentive in the world to "


@@ -14242,7 +14910,7 @@ msgstr ""
 
 #.  f3. 
 #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para><footnote><para>
 
 #.  f3. 
 #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para><footnote><para>

-#: freeculture.xml:10673
+#: freeculture.xml:10811

 msgid ""
 "Associated Press, <quote>Disney Lobbying for Copyright Extension No Mickey "
 "Mouse Effort; Congress OKs Bill Granting Creators 20 More Years,</quote> "
 msgid ""
 "Associated Press, <quote>Disney Lobbying for Copyright Extension No Mickey "
 "Mouse Effort; Congress OKs Bill Granting Creators 20 More Years,</quote> "


@@ -14251,7 +14919,7 @@ msgstr ""
 
 #.  f4. 
 #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para><footnote><para>
 
 #.  f4. 
 #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para><footnote><para>

-#: freeculture.xml:10680
+#: freeculture.xml:10818

 msgid ""
 "See Nick Brown, <quote>Fair Use No More?: Copyright in the Information "
 "Age,</quote> available at <ulink url=\"http://free-culture.cc/notes/\">link "
 msgid ""
 "See Nick Brown, <quote>Fair Use No More?: Copyright in the Information "
 "Age,</quote> available at <ulink url=\"http://free-culture.cc/notes/\">link "


@@ -14260,7 +14928,7 @@ msgstr ""
 
 #.  f5. 
 #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para><footnote><para>
 
 #.  f5. 
 #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para><footnote><para>

-#: freeculture.xml:10688
+#: freeculture.xml:10826

 msgid ""
 "Alan K. Ota, <quote>Disney in Washington: The Mouse That Roars,</quote> "
 "<citetitle>Congressional Quarterly This Week</citetitle>, 8 August 1990, "
 msgid ""
 "Alan K. Ota, <quote>Disney in Washington: The Mouse That Roars,</quote> "
 "<citetitle>Congressional Quarterly This Week</citetitle>, 8 August 1990, "


@@ -14268,7 +14936,7 @@ msgid ""
 msgstr ""
 
 #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para>
 msgstr ""
 
 #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para>

-#: freeculture.xml:10666
+#: freeculture.xml:10804

 msgid ""
 "In the lobbying that led to the passage of the Sonny Bono Copyright Term "
 "Extension Act, this <quote>theory</quote> about incentives was proved "
 msgid ""
 "In the lobbying that led to the passage of the Sonny Bono Copyright Term "
 "Extension Act, this <quote>theory</quote> about incentives was proved "


@@ -14283,21 +14951,22 @@ msgid ""
 msgstr ""
 
 #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para>
 msgstr ""
 
 #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para>

-#: freeculture.xml:10695
+#: freeculture.xml:10833

 msgid ""
 msgid ""

-"Constitutional law is not oblivious to the obvious. Or at least, it need not "
-"be. So when I was considering Eldred's complaint, this reality about the "
-"never-ending incentives to increase the copyright term was central to my "
-"thinking. In my view, a pragmatic court committed to interpreting and "
-"applying the Constitution of our framers would see that if Congress has the "
-"power to extend existing terms, then there would be no effective "
-"constitutional requirement that terms be <quote>limited.</quote> If they "
-"could extend it once, they would extend it again and again and again."
+"<emphasis role='strong'>Constitutional law</emphasis> is not oblivious to "
+"the obvious. Or at least, it need not be. So when I was considering Eldred's "
+"complaint, this reality about the never-ending incentives to increase the "
+"copyright term was central to my thinking. In my view, a pragmatic court "
+"committed to interpreting and applying the Constitution of our framers would "
+"see that if Congress has the power to extend existing terms, then there "
+"would be no effective constitutional requirement that terms be "
+"<quote>limited.</quote> If they could extend it once, they would extend it "
+"again and again and again."

 msgstr ""
 
 #.  PAGE BREAK 226 
 #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para>
 msgstr ""
 
 #.  PAGE BREAK 226 
 #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para>

-#: freeculture.xml:10708
+#: freeculture.xml:10845

 msgid ""
 "It was also my judgment that <emphasis>this</emphasis> Supreme Court would "
 "not allow Congress to extend existing terms. As anyone close to the Supreme "
 msgid ""
 "It was also my judgment that <emphasis>this</emphasis> Supreme Court would "
 "not allow Congress to extend existing terms. As anyone close to the Supreme "


@@ -14309,7 +14978,7 @@ msgid ""
 msgstr ""
 
 #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para>
 msgstr ""
 
 #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para>

-#: freeculture.xml:10721
+#: freeculture.xml:10858

 msgid ""
 "Since 1937, the Supreme Court had interpreted Congress's granted powers very "
 "broadly; so, while the Constitution grants Congress the power to regulate "
 msgid ""
 "Since 1937, the Supreme Court had interpreted Congress's granted powers very "
 "broadly; so, while the Constitution grants Congress the power to regulate "


@@ -14319,7 +14988,7 @@ msgid ""
 msgstr ""
 
 #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para>
 msgstr ""
 
 #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para>

-#: freeculture.xml:10731
+#: freeculture.xml:10868

 msgid ""
 "As the economy grew, this standard increasingly meant that there was no "
 "limit to Congress's power to regulate, since just about every activity, when "
 msgid ""
 "As the economy grew, this standard increasingly meant that there was no "
 "limit to Congress's power to regulate, since just about every activity, when "


@@ -14329,12 +14998,12 @@ msgid ""
 msgstr ""
 
 #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><indexterm><primary>
 msgstr ""
 
 #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><indexterm><primary>

-#: freeculture.xml:10737 freeculture.xml:11522
+#: freeculture.xml:10874 freeculture.xml:11660

 msgid "Rehnquist, William H."
 msgstr ""
 
 #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para>
 msgid "Rehnquist, William H."
 msgstr ""
 
 #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para>

-#: freeculture.xml:10739
+#: freeculture.xml:10876

 msgid ""
 "The Supreme Court, under Chief Justice Rehnquist's command, changed that in "
 "<citetitle>United States</citetitle> v. <citetitle>Lopez</citetitle>. The "
 msgid ""
 "The Supreme Court, under Chief Justice Rehnquist's command, changed that in "
 "<citetitle>United States</citetitle> v. <citetitle>Lopez</citetitle>. The "


@@ -14350,7 +15019,7 @@ msgstr ""
 
 #.  f6. 
 #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para><footnote><para>
 
 #.  f6. 
 #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para><footnote><para>

-#: freeculture.xml:10754
+#: freeculture.xml:10891

 msgid ""
 "<citetitle>United States</citetitle> v. <citetitle>Lopez</citetitle>, 514 "
 "U.S. 549, 564 (1995)."
 msgid ""
 "<citetitle>United States</citetitle> v. <citetitle>Lopez</citetitle>, 514 "
 "U.S. 549, 564 (1995)."


@@ -14358,14 +15027,14 @@ msgstr ""
 
 #.  f7. 
 #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para><footnote><para>
 
 #.  f7. 
 #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para><footnote><para>

-#: freeculture.xml:10761
+#: freeculture.xml:10898

 msgid ""
 "<citetitle>United States</citetitle> v. <citetitle>Morrison</citetitle>, 529 "
 "U.S. 598 (2000)."
 msgstr ""
 
 #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para>
 msgid ""
 "<citetitle>United States</citetitle> v. <citetitle>Morrison</citetitle>, 529 "
 "U.S. 598 (2000)."
 msgstr ""
 
 #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para>

-#: freeculture.xml:10752
+#: freeculture.xml:10889

 msgid ""
 "<quote>We pause to consider the implications of the government's "
 "arguments,</quote> the Chief Justice wrote.<placeholder type=\"footnote\" "
 msgid ""
 "<quote>We pause to consider the implications of the government's "
 "arguments,</quote> the Chief Justice wrote.<placeholder type=\"footnote\" "


@@ -14378,7 +15047,7 @@ msgstr ""
 
 #.  f8. 
 #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para><footnote><para>
 
 #.  f8. 
 #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para><footnote><para>

-#: freeculture.xml:10768
+#: freeculture.xml:10905

 msgid ""
 "If it is a principle about enumerated powers, then the principle carries "
 "from one enumerated power to another. The animating point in the context of "
 msgid ""
 "If it is a principle about enumerated powers, then the principle carries "
 "from one enumerated power to another. The animating point in the context of "


@@ -14393,7 +15062,7 @@ msgstr ""
 
 #.  PAGE BREAK 227 
 #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para>
 
 #.  PAGE BREAK 227 
 #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para>

-#: freeculture.xml:10765
+#: freeculture.xml:10902

 msgid ""
 "If a principle were at work here, then it should apply to the Progress "
 "Clause as much as the Commerce Clause.<placeholder type=\"footnote\" "
 msgid ""
 "If a principle were at work here, then it should apply to the Progress "
 "Clause as much as the Commerce Clause.<placeholder type=\"footnote\" "


@@ -14407,7 +15076,7 @@ msgid ""
 msgstr ""
 
 #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para>
 msgstr ""
 
 #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para>

-#: freeculture.xml:10789
+#: freeculture.xml:10926

 msgid ""
 "<emphasis>If</emphasis>, that is, the principle announced in "
 "<citetitle>Lopez</citetitle> stood for a principle.  Many believed the "
 msgid ""
 "<emphasis>If</emphasis>, that is, the principle announced in "
 "<citetitle>Lopez</citetitle> stood for a principle.  Many believed the "


@@ -14422,28 +15091,44 @@ msgid ""
 "these nine Justices were going to be petty politicians."
 msgstr ""
 
 "these nine Justices were going to be petty politicians."
 msgstr ""
 

+#. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><indexterm><secondary>
+#: freeculture.xml:10938
+msgid "copyright purpose established in"
+msgstr ""
+
+#. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><indexterm><secondary>
+#: freeculture.xml:10939
+msgid "constitutional purpose of"
+msgstr ""
+

 #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para>
 #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para>

-#: freeculture.xml:10802
+#: freeculture.xml:10943

 msgid ""
 msgid ""

-"Now let's pause for a moment to make sure we understand what the argument in "
-"<citetitle>Eldred</citetitle> was not about. By insisting on the "
-"Constitution's limits to copyright, obviously Eldred was not endorsing "
-"piracy.  Indeed, in an obvious sense, he was fighting a kind of "
-"piracy&mdash;piracy of the public domain. When Robert Frost wrote his work "
-"and when Walt Disney created Mickey Mouse, the maximum copyright term was "
-"just fifty-six years. Because of interim changes, Frost and Disney had "
-"already enjoyed a seventy-five-year monopoly for their work. They had gotten "
-"the benefit of the bargain that the Constitution envisions: In exchange for "
-"a monopoly protected for fifty-six years, they created new work. But now "
-"these entities were using their power&mdash;expressed through the power of "
-"lobbyists' money&mdash;to get another twenty-year dollop of monopoly. That "
-"twenty-year dollop would be taken from the public domain. Eric Eldred was "
-"fighting a piracy that affects us all."
+"<emphasis role='strong'>Now let's pause</emphasis> for a moment to make sure "
+"we understand what the argument in <citetitle>Eldred</citetitle> was not "
+"about. By insisting on the Constitution's limits to copyright, obviously "
+"Eldred was not endorsing piracy.  Indeed, in an obvious sense, he was "
+"fighting a kind of piracy&mdash;piracy of the public domain. When Robert "
+"Frost wrote his work and when Walt Disney created Mickey Mouse, the maximum "
+"copyright term was just fifty-six years. Because of interim changes, Frost "
+"and Disney had already enjoyed a seventy-five-year monopoly for their "
+"work. They had gotten the benefit of the bargain that the Constitution "
+"envisions: In exchange for a monopoly protected for fifty-six years, they "
+"created new work. But now these entities were using their "
+"power&mdash;expressed through the power of lobbyists' money&mdash;to get "
+"another twenty-year dollop of monopoly. That twenty-year dollop would be "
+"taken from the public domain. Eric Eldred was fighting a piracy that affects "
+"us all."
+msgstr ""
+
+#. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><indexterm><primary>
+#: freeculture.xml:10960
+msgid "Nashville Songwriters Association"

 msgstr ""
 
 #.  f9. 
 #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para><footnote><para>
 msgstr ""
 
 #.  f9. 
 #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para><footnote><para>

-#: freeculture.xml:10825
+#: freeculture.xml:10968

 msgid ""
 "Brief of the Nashville Songwriters Association, "
 "<citetitle>Eldred</citetitle> v. <citetitle>Ashcroft</citetitle>, 537 U.S.  "
 msgid ""
 "Brief of the Nashville Songwriters Association, "
 "<citetitle>Eldred</citetitle> v. <citetitle>Ashcroft</citetitle>, 537 U.S.  "


@@ -14451,13 +15136,8 @@ msgid ""
 "url=\"http://free-culture.cc/notes/\">link #51</ulink>."
 msgstr ""
 
 "url=\"http://free-culture.cc/notes/\">link #51</ulink>."
 msgstr ""
 

-#. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para><indexterm><primary>
-#: freeculture.xml:10833
-msgid "Nashville Songwriters Association"
-msgstr ""
-

 #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para>
 #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para>

-#: freeculture.xml:10819
+#: freeculture.xml:10962

 msgid ""
 "Some people view the public domain with contempt. In their brief before the "
 "Supreme Court, the Nashville Songwriters Association wrote that the public "
 msgid ""
 "Some people view the public domain with contempt. In their brief before the "
 "Supreme Court, the Nashville Songwriters Association wrote that the public "


@@ -14465,11 +15145,11 @@ msgid ""
 "type=\"footnote\" id=\"0\"/> But it is not piracy when the law allows it; "
 "and in our constitutional system, our law requires it. Some may not like the "
 "Constitution's requirements, but that doesn't make the Constitution a "
 "type=\"footnote\" id=\"0\"/> But it is not piracy when the law allows it; "
 "and in our constitutional system, our law requires it. Some may not like the "
 "Constitution's requirements, but that doesn't make the Constitution a "

-"pirate's charter.  <placeholder type=\"indexterm\" id=\"1\"/>"
+"pirate's charter."

 msgstr ""
 
 #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para>
 msgstr ""
 
 #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para>

-#: freeculture.xml:10836
+#: freeculture.xml:10978

 msgid ""
 "As we've seen, our constitutional system requires limits on copyright as a "
 "way to assure that copyright holders do not too heavily influence the "
 msgid ""
 "As we've seen, our constitutional system requires limits on copyright as a "
 "way to assure that copyright holders do not too heavily influence the "


@@ -14481,21 +15161,22 @@ msgid ""
 msgstr ""
 
 #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para>
 msgstr ""
 
 #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para>

-#: freeculture.xml:10848
+#: freeculture.xml:10990

 msgid ""
 msgid ""

-"It is valuable copyrights that are responsible for terms being extended.  "
-"Mickey Mouse and <quote>Rhapsody in Blue.</quote> These works are too "
-"valuable for copyright owners to ignore. But the real harm to our society "
-"from copyright extensions is not that Mickey Mouse remains Disney's.  Forget "
-"Mickey Mouse. Forget Robert Frost. Forget all the works from the 1920s and "
-"1930s that have continuing commercial value. The real harm of term extension "
-"comes not from these famous works. The real harm is to the works that are "
-"not famous, not commercially exploited, and no longer available as a result."
+"<emphasis role='strong'>It is valuable</emphasis> copyrights that are "
+"responsible for terms being extended.  Mickey Mouse and <quote>Rhapsody in "
+"Blue.</quote> These works are too valuable for copyright owners to "
+"ignore. But the real harm to our society from copyright extensions is not "
+"that Mickey Mouse remains Disney's.  Forget Mickey Mouse. Forget Robert "
+"Frost. Forget all the works from the 1920s and 1930s that have continuing "
+"commercial value. The real harm of term extension comes not from these "
+"famous works. The real harm is to the works that are not famous, not "
+"commercially exploited, and no longer available as a result."

 msgstr ""
 
 #.  f10. 
 #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para><footnote><para>
 msgstr ""
 
 #.  f10. 
 #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para><footnote><para>

-#: freeculture.xml:10869
+#: freeculture.xml:11008

 msgid ""
 "The figure of 2 percent is an extrapolation from the study by the "
 "Congressional Research Service, in light of the estimated renewal "
 msgid ""
 "The figure of 2 percent is an extrapolation from the study by the "
 "Congressional Research Service, in light of the estimated renewal "


@@ -14505,7 +15186,7 @@ msgid ""
 msgstr ""
 
 #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para>
 msgstr ""
 
 #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para>

-#: freeculture.xml:10863
+#: freeculture.xml:11002

 msgid ""
 "If you look at the work created in the first twenty years (1923 to 1942) "
 "affected by the Sonny Bono Copyright Term Extension Act, 2 percent of that "
 msgid ""
 "If you look at the work created in the first twenty years (1923 to 1942) "
 "affected by the Sonny Bono Copyright Term Extension Act, 2 percent of that "


@@ -14517,7 +15198,7 @@ msgstr ""
 
 #.  PAGE BREAK 229 
 #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para>
 
 #.  PAGE BREAK 229 
 #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para>

-#: freeculture.xml:10878
+#: freeculture.xml:11017

 msgid ""
 "Think practically about the consequence of this extension&mdash;practically, "
 "as a businessperson, and not as a lawyer eager for more legal work. In 1930, "
 msgid ""
 "Think practically about the consequence of this extension&mdash;practically, "
 "as a businessperson, and not as a lawyer eager for more legal work. In 1930, "


@@ -14528,7 +15209,7 @@ msgid ""
 msgstr ""
 
 #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para>
 msgstr ""
 
 #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para>

-#: freeculture.xml:10891
+#: freeculture.xml:11030

 msgid ""
 "Well, first, you'd have to determine which of the 9,873 books were still "
 "under copyright. That requires going to a library (these data are not "
 msgid ""
 "Well, first, you'd have to determine which of the 9,873 books were still "
 "under copyright. That requires going to a library (these data are not "


@@ -14539,14 +15220,14 @@ msgid ""
 msgstr ""
 
 #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para>
 msgstr ""
 
 #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para>

-#: freeculture.xml:10899
+#: freeculture.xml:11038

 msgid ""
 "Then for the books still under copyright, you would need to locate the "
 "current copyright owners. How would you do that?"
 msgstr ""
 
 #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para>
 msgid ""
 "Then for the books still under copyright, you would need to locate the "
 "current copyright owners. How would you do that?"
 msgstr ""
 
 #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para>

-#: freeculture.xml:10903
+#: freeculture.xml:11042

 msgid ""
 "Most people think that there must be a list of these copyright owners "
 "somewhere. Practical people think this way. How could there be thousands and "
 msgid ""
 "Most people think that there must be a list of these copyright owners "
 "somewhere. Practical people think this way. How could there be thousands and "


@@ -14554,7 +15235,7 @@ msgid ""
 msgstr ""
 
 #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para>
 msgstr ""
 
 #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para>

-#: freeculture.xml:10910
+#: freeculture.xml:11049

 msgid ""
 "But there is no list. There may be a name from 1930, and then in 1959, of "
 "the person who registered the copyright. But just think practically about "
 msgid ""
 "But there is no list. There may be a name from 1930, and then in 1959, of "
 "the person who registered the copyright. But just think practically about "


@@ -14564,7 +15245,7 @@ msgid ""
 msgstr ""
 
 #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para>
 msgstr ""
 
 #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para>

-#: freeculture.xml:10919
+#: freeculture.xml:11058

 msgid ""
 "<quote>But there isn't a list of who owns property generally,</quote> the "
 "apologists for the system respond. <quote>Why should there be a list of "
 msgid ""
 "<quote>But there isn't a list of who owns property generally,</quote> the "
 "apologists for the system respond. <quote>Why should there be a list of "


@@ -14572,7 +15253,7 @@ msgid ""
 msgstr ""
 
 #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para>
 msgstr ""
 
 #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para>

-#: freeculture.xml:10924
+#: freeculture.xml:11063

 msgid ""
 "Well, actually, if you think about it, there <emphasis>are</emphasis> plenty "
 "of lists of who owns what property. Think about deeds on houses, or titles "
 msgid ""
 "Well, actually, if you think about it, there <emphasis>are</emphasis> plenty "
 "of lists of who owns what property. Think about deeds on houses, or titles "


@@ -14584,7 +15265,7 @@ msgstr ""
 
 #.  PAGE BREAK 230 
 #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para>
 
 #.  PAGE BREAK 230 
 #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para>

-#: freeculture.xml:10933
+#: freeculture.xml:11072

 msgid ""
 "So: You walk down a street and see a house. You can know who owns the house "
 "by looking it up in the courthouse registry. If you see a car, there is "
 msgid ""
 "So: You walk down a street and see a house. You can know who owns the house "
 "by looking it up in the courthouse registry. If you see a car, there is "


@@ -14598,7 +15279,7 @@ msgid ""
 msgstr ""
 
 #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para>
 msgstr ""
 
 #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para>

-#: freeculture.xml:10948
+#: freeculture.xml:11087

 msgid ""
 "Compare this story to intangible property. You go into a library.  The "
 "library owns the books. But who owns the copyrights? As I've already "
 msgid ""
 "Compare this story to intangible property. You go into a library.  The "
 "library owns the books. But who owns the copyrights? As I've already "


@@ -14612,7 +15293,7 @@ msgid ""
 msgstr ""
 
 #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para>
 msgstr ""
 
 #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para>

-#: freeculture.xml:10960
+#: freeculture.xml:11099

 msgid ""
 "The consequence with respect to old books is that they won't be digitized, "
 "and hence will simply rot away on shelves. But the consequence for other "
 msgid ""
 "The consequence with respect to old books is that they won't be digitized, "
 "and hence will simply rot away on shelves. But the consequence for other "


@@ -14620,23 +15301,28 @@ msgid ""
 msgstr ""
 
 #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><indexterm><primary>
 msgstr ""
 
 #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><indexterm><primary>

-#: freeculture.xml:10966
+#: freeculture.xml:11104

 msgid "Agee, Michael"
 msgstr ""
 
 #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><indexterm><primary>
 msgid "Agee, Michael"
 msgstr ""
 
 #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><indexterm><primary>

-#: freeculture.xml:10968 freeculture.xml:11405
+#: freeculture.xml:11105 freeculture.xml:11540

 msgid "Hal Roach Studios"
 msgstr ""
 
 #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><indexterm><primary>
 msgid "Hal Roach Studios"
 msgstr ""
 
 #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><indexterm><primary>

-#: freeculture.xml:10969
+#: freeculture.xml:11106

 msgid "Laurel and Hardy Films"
 msgstr ""
 
 msgid "Laurel and Hardy Films"
 msgstr ""
 

+#. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><indexterm><primary>
+#: freeculture.xml:11107
+msgid "Lucky Dog, The"
+msgstr ""
+

 #.  f11. 
 #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para><footnote><para>
 #.  f11. 
 #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para><footnote><para>

-#: freeculture.xml:10982
+#: freeculture.xml:11120

 msgid ""
 "See David G. Savage, <quote>High Court Scene of Showdown on Copyright "
 "Law,</quote> <citetitle>Los Angeles Times</citetitle>, 6 October 2002; David "
 msgid ""
 "See David G. Savage, <quote>High Court Scene of Showdown on Copyright "
 "Law,</quote> <citetitle>Los Angeles Times</citetitle>, 6 October 2002; David "


@@ -14645,13 +15331,8 @@ msgid ""
 "<citetitle>Orlando Sentinel Tribune</citetitle>, 9 October 2002."
 msgstr ""
 
 "<citetitle>Orlando Sentinel Tribune</citetitle>, 9 October 2002."
 msgstr ""
 

-#. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para><indexterm><primary>
-#: freeculture.xml:10988
-msgid "Lucky Dog, The"
-msgstr ""
-

 #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para>
 #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para>

-#: freeculture.xml:10971
+#: freeculture.xml:11109

 msgid ""
 "Consider the story of Michael Agee, chairman of Hal Roach Studios, which "
 "owns the copyrights for the Laurel and Hardy films. Agee is a direct "
 msgid ""
 "Consider the story of Michael Agee, chairman of Hal Roach Studios, which "
 "owns the copyrights for the Laurel and Hardy films. Agee is a direct "


@@ -14662,12 +15343,11 @@ msgid ""
 "controls the exclusive rights for these popular films, he makes a great deal "
 "of money. According to one estimate, <quote>Roach has sold about 60,000 "
 "videocassettes and 50,000 DVDs of the duo's silent "
 "controls the exclusive rights for these popular films, he makes a great deal "
 "of money. According to one estimate, <quote>Roach has sold about 60,000 "
 "videocassettes and 50,000 DVDs of the duo's silent "

-"films.</quote><placeholder type=\"footnote\" id=\"0\"/> <placeholder "
-"type=\"indexterm\" id=\"1\"/>"
+"films.</quote><placeholder type=\"footnote\" id=\"0\"/>"

 msgstr ""
 
 #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para>
 msgstr ""
 
 #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para>

-#: freeculture.xml:10991
+#: freeculture.xml:11127

 msgid ""
 "Yet Agee opposed the CTEA. His reasons demonstrate a rare virtue in this "
 "culture: selflessness. He argued in a brief before the Supreme Court that "
 msgid ""
 "Yet Agee opposed the CTEA. His reasons demonstrate a rare virtue in this "
 "culture: selflessness. He argued in a brief before the Supreme Court that "


@@ -14677,7 +15357,7 @@ msgstr ""
 
 #.  PAGE BREAK 231 
 #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para>
 
 #.  PAGE BREAK 231 
 #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para>

-#: freeculture.xml:10997
+#: freeculture.xml:11133

 msgid ""
 "His argument is straightforward. A tiny fraction of this work has any "
 "continuing commercial value. The rest&mdash;to the extent it survives at "
 msgid ""
 "His argument is straightforward. A tiny fraction of this work has any "
 "continuing commercial value. The rest&mdash;to the extent it survives at "


@@ -14689,7 +15369,7 @@ msgstr ""
 
 #.  f12. 
 #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para><footnote><para>
 
 #.  f12. 
 #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para><footnote><para>

-#: freeculture.xml:11015
+#: freeculture.xml:11151

 msgid ""
 "Brief of Hal Roach Studios and Michael Agee as Amicus Curiae Supporting the "
 "Petitoners, <citetitle>Eldred</citetitle> "
 msgid ""
 "Brief of Hal Roach Studios and Michael Agee as Amicus Curiae Supporting the "
 "Petitoners, <citetitle>Eldred</citetitle> "


@@ -14701,7 +15381,7 @@ msgid ""
 msgstr ""
 
 #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para>
 msgstr ""
 
 #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para>

-#: freeculture.xml:11008
+#: freeculture.xml:11144

 msgid ""
 "We can't know the benefits, but we do know a lot about the costs.  For most "
 "of the history of film, the costs of restoring film were very high; digital "
 msgid ""
 "We can't know the benefits, but we do know a lot about the costs.  For most "
 "of the history of film, the costs of restoring film were very high; digital "


@@ -14712,7 +15392,7 @@ msgid ""
 msgstr ""
 
 #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para>
 msgstr ""
 
 #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para>

-#: freeculture.xml:11025
+#: freeculture.xml:11161

 msgid ""
 "Restoration technology is not the only cost, nor the most important.  "
 "Lawyers, too, are a cost, and increasingly, a very important one. In "
 msgid ""
 "Restoration technology is not the only cost, nor the most important.  "
 "Lawyers, too, are a cost, and increasingly, a very important one. In "


@@ -14722,7 +15402,7 @@ msgid ""
 msgstr ""
 
 #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para>
 msgstr ""
 
 #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para>

-#: freeculture.xml:11033
+#: freeculture.xml:11169

 msgid ""
 "Or more accurately, <emphasis>owners</emphasis>. As we've seen, there isn't "
 "only a single copyright associated with a film; there are many. There isn't "
 msgid ""
 "Or more accurately, <emphasis>owners</emphasis>. As we've seen, there isn't "
 "only a single copyright associated with a film; there are many. There isn't "


@@ -14733,7 +15413,7 @@ msgid ""
 msgstr ""
 
 #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para>
 msgstr ""
 
 #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para>

-#: freeculture.xml:11041
+#: freeculture.xml:11177

 msgid ""
 "<quote>But can't you just restore the film, distribute it, and then pay the "
 "copyright owner when she shows up?</quote> Sure, if you want to commit a "
 msgid ""
 "<quote>But can't you just restore the film, distribute it, and then pay the "
 "copyright owner when she shows up?</quote> Sure, if you want to commit a "


@@ -14748,7 +15428,7 @@ msgstr ""
 
 #.  PAGE BREAK 232 
 #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para>
 
 #.  PAGE BREAK 232 
 #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para>

-#: freeculture.xml:11052
+#: freeculture.xml:11188

 msgid ""
 "For some films, the benefit of releasing the film may well exceed these "
 "costs. But for the vast majority of them, there is no way the benefit would "
 msgid ""
 "For some films, the benefit of releasing the film may well exceed these "
 "costs. But for the vast majority of them, there is no way the benefit would "


@@ -14758,7 +15438,7 @@ msgid ""
 msgstr ""
 
 #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para>
 msgstr ""
 
 #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para>

-#: freeculture.xml:11063
+#: freeculture.xml:11199

 msgid ""
 "But by the time the copyright for these films expires, the film will have "
 "expired. These films were produced on nitrate-based stock, and nitrate stock "
 msgid ""
 "But by the time the copyright for these films expires, the film will have "
 "expired. These films were produced on nitrate-based stock, and nitrate stock "


@@ -14767,18 +15447,18 @@ msgid ""
 msgstr ""
 
 #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para>
 msgstr ""
 
 #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para>

-#: freeculture.xml:11071
+#: freeculture.xml:11207

 msgid ""
 msgid ""

-"Of all the creative work produced by humans anywhere, a tiny fraction has "
-"continuing commercial value. For that tiny fraction, the copyright is a "
-"crucially important legal device. For that tiny fraction, the copyright "
-"creates incentives to produce and distribute the creative work. For that "
-"tiny fraction, the copyright acts as an <quote>engine of free "
-"expression.</quote>"
+"<emphasis role='strong'>Of all the</emphasis> creative work produced by "
+"humans anywhere, a tiny fraction has continuing commercial value. For that "
+"tiny fraction, the copyright is a crucially important legal device. For that "
+"tiny fraction, the copyright creates incentives to produce and distribute "
+"the creative work. For that tiny fraction, the copyright acts as an "
+"<quote>engine of free expression.</quote>"

 msgstr ""
 
 #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para>
 msgstr ""
 
 #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para>

-#: freeculture.xml:11080
+#: freeculture.xml:11215

 msgid ""
 "But even for that tiny fraction, the actual time during which the creative "
 "work has a commercial life is extremely short. As I've indicated, most books "
 msgid ""
 "But even for that tiny fraction, the actual time during which the creative "
 "work has a commercial life is extremely short. As I've indicated, most books "


@@ -14789,7 +15469,7 @@ msgid ""
 msgstr ""
 
 #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para>
 msgstr ""
 
 #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para>

-#: freeculture.xml:11090
+#: freeculture.xml:11225

 msgid ""
 "Yet that doesn't mean the life of the creative work ends. We don't keep "
 "libraries of books in order to compete with Barnes &amp; Noble, and we don't "
 msgid ""
 "Yet that doesn't mean the life of the creative work ends. We don't keep "
 "libraries of books in order to compete with Barnes &amp; Noble, and we don't "


@@ -14803,7 +15483,7 @@ msgstr ""
 
 #.  PAGE BREAK 233 
 #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para>
 
 #.  PAGE BREAK 233 
 #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para>

-#: freeculture.xml:11103
+#: freeculture.xml:11238

 msgid ""
 "Copyrights in this context do not drive an engine of free expression.  In "
 "this context, there is no need for an exclusive right. Copyrights in this "
 msgid ""
 "Copyrights in this context do not drive an engine of free expression.  In "
 "this context, there is no need for an exclusive right. Copyrights in this "


@@ -14811,7 +15491,7 @@ msgid ""
 msgstr ""
 
 #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para>
 msgstr ""
 
 #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para>

-#: freeculture.xml:11110
+#: freeculture.xml:11245

 msgid ""
 "Yet, for most of our history, they also did little harm. For most of our "
 "history, when a work ended its commercial life, there was no "
 msgid ""
 "Yet, for most of our history, they also did little harm. For most of our "
 "history, when a work ended its commercial life, there was no "


@@ -14824,7 +15504,7 @@ msgid ""
 msgstr ""
 
 #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para>
 msgstr ""
 
 #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para>

-#: freeculture.xml:11121
+#: freeculture.xml:11256

 msgid ""
 "The same was effectively true of film. Because the costs of restoring a "
 "film&mdash;the real economic costs, not the lawyer costs&mdash;were so high, "
 msgid ""
 "The same was effectively true of film. Because the costs of restoring a "
 "film&mdash;the real economic costs, not the lawyer costs&mdash;were so high, "


@@ -14835,7 +15515,7 @@ msgid ""
 msgstr ""
 
 #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para>
 msgstr ""
 
 #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para>

-#: freeculture.xml:11130
+#: freeculture.xml:11265

 msgid ""
 "In other words, though copyright has been relatively short for most of our "
 "history, long copyrights wouldn't have mattered for the works that lost "
 msgid ""
 "In other words, though copyright has been relatively short for most of our "
 "history, long copyrights wouldn't have mattered for the works that lost "


@@ -14844,12 +15524,12 @@ msgid ""
 msgstr ""
 
 #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para>
 msgstr ""
 
 #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para>

-#: freeculture.xml:11136
+#: freeculture.xml:11271

 msgid "But this situation has now changed."
 msgstr ""
 
 #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para>
 msgid "But this situation has now changed."
 msgstr ""
 
 #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para>

-#: freeculture.xml:11142
+#: freeculture.xml:11275

 msgid ""
 "One crucially important consequence of the emergence of digital technologies "
 "is to enable the archive that Brewster Kahle dreams of.  Digital "
 msgid ""
 "One crucially important consequence of the emergence of digital technologies "
 "is to enable the archive that Brewster Kahle dreams of.  Digital "


@@ -14864,7 +15544,7 @@ msgstr ""
 
 #.  PAGE BREAK 234 
 #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para>
 
 #.  PAGE BREAK 234 
 #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para>

-#: freeculture.xml:11155
+#: freeculture.xml:11288

 msgid ""
 "And now copyright law does get in the way. Every step of producing this "
 "digital archive of our culture infringes on the exclusive right of "
 msgid ""
 "And now copyright law does get in the way. Every step of producing this "
 "digital archive of our culture infringes on the exclusive right of "


@@ -14877,7 +15557,7 @@ msgid ""
 msgstr ""
 
 #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para>
 msgstr ""
 
 #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para>

-#: freeculture.xml:11165
+#: freeculture.xml:11298

 msgid ""
 "Here is the core of the harm that comes from extending terms: Now that "
 "technology enables us to rebuild the library of Alexandria, the law gets in "
 msgid ""
 "Here is the core of the harm that comes from extending terms: Now that "
 "technology enables us to rebuild the library of Alexandria, the law gets in "


@@ -14891,7 +15571,7 @@ msgid ""
 msgstr ""
 
 #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para>
 msgstr ""
 
 #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para>

-#: freeculture.xml:11176
+#: freeculture.xml:11309

 msgid ""
 "You may well ask, <quote>But if digital technologies lower the costs for "
 "Brewster Kahle, then they will lower the costs for Random House, too.  So "
 msgid ""
 "You may well ask, <quote>But if digital technologies lower the costs for "
 "Brewster Kahle, then they will lower the costs for Random House, too.  So "


@@ -14900,7 +15580,7 @@ msgid ""
 msgstr ""
 
 #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para>
 msgstr ""
 
 #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para>

-#: freeculture.xml:11182
+#: freeculture.xml:11315

 msgid ""
 "Maybe. Someday. But there is absolutely no evidence to suggest that "
 "publishers would be as complete as libraries. If Barnes &amp; Noble offered "
 msgid ""
 "Maybe. Someday. But there is absolutely no evidence to suggest that "
 "publishers would be as complete as libraries. If Barnes &amp; Noble offered "


@@ -14915,7 +15595,7 @@ msgstr ""
 
 #.  f13. 
 #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para><footnote><para>
 
 #.  f13. 
 #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para><footnote><para>

-#: freeculture.xml:11206
+#: freeculture.xml:11339

 msgid ""
 "Jason Schultz, <quote>The Myth of the 1976 Copyright `Chaos' Theory,</quote> "
 "20 December 2002, available at <ulink "
 msgid ""
 "Jason Schultz, <quote>The Myth of the 1976 Copyright `Chaos' Theory,</quote> "
 "20 December 2002, available at <ulink "


@@ -14923,7 +15603,7 @@ msgid ""
 msgstr ""
 
 #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para>
 msgstr ""
 
 #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para>

-#: freeculture.xml:11194
+#: freeculture.xml:11327

 msgid ""
 "I would be the first to agree that it should do as much as it can: We should "
 "rely upon the market as much as possible to spread and enable culture. My "
 msgid ""
 "I would be the first to agree that it should do as much as it can: We should "
 "rely upon the market as much as possible to spread and enable culture. My "


@@ -14937,18 +15617,19 @@ msgid ""
 msgstr ""
 
 #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para>
 msgstr ""
 
 #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para>

-#: freeculture.xml:11213
+#: freeculture.xml:11346

 msgid ""
 msgid ""

-"In January 1999, we filed a lawsuit on Eric Eldred's behalf in federal "
-"district court in Washington, D.C., asking the court to declare the Sonny "
-"Bono Copyright Term Extension Act unconstitutional. The two central claims "
-"that we made were (1) that extending existing terms violated the "
-"Constitution's <quote>limited Times</quote> requirement, and (2) that "
-"extending terms by another twenty years violated the First Amendment."
+"<emphasis role='strong'>In January 1999</emphasis>, we filed a lawsuit on "
+"Eric Eldred's behalf in federal district court in Washington, D.C., asking "
+"the court to declare the Sonny Bono Copyright Term Extension Act "
+"unconstitutional. The two central claims that we made were (1)  that "
+"extending existing terms violated the Constitution's <quote>limited "
+"Times</quote> requirement, and (2) that extending terms by another twenty "
+"years violated the First Amendment."

 msgstr ""
 
 #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para>
 msgstr ""
 
 #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para>

-#: freeculture.xml:11221
+#: freeculture.xml:11355

 msgid ""
 "The district court dismissed our claims without even hearing an argument.  A "
 "panel of the Court of Appeals for the D.C. Circuit also dismissed our "
 msgid ""
 "The district court dismissed our claims without even hearing an argument.  A "
 "panel of the Court of Appeals for the D.C. Circuit also dismissed our "


@@ -14958,7 +15639,7 @@ msgid ""
 msgstr ""
 
 #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para>
 msgstr ""
 
 #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para>

-#: freeculture.xml:11228
+#: freeculture.xml:11362

 msgid ""
 "Judge David Sentelle said the CTEA violated the requirement that copyrights "
 "be for <quote>limited Times</quote> only. His argument was as elegant as it "
 msgid ""
 "Judge David Sentelle said the CTEA violated the requirement that copyrights "
 "be for <quote>limited Times</quote> only. His argument was as elegant as it "


@@ -14972,7 +15653,7 @@ msgid ""
 msgstr ""
 
 #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para>
 msgstr ""
 
 #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para>

-#: freeculture.xml:11239
+#: freeculture.xml:11373

 msgid ""
 "We asked the Court of Appeals for the D.C. Circuit as a whole to hear the "
 "case. Cases are ordinarily heard in panels of three, except for important "
 msgid ""
 "We asked the Court of Appeals for the D.C. Circuit as a whole to hear the "
 "case. Cases are ordinarily heard in panels of three, except for important "


@@ -14981,13 +15662,13 @@ msgid ""
 msgstr ""
 
 #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><indexterm><primary>
 msgstr ""
 
 #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><indexterm><primary>

-#: freeculture.xml:11244
+#: freeculture.xml:11378

 msgid "Tatel, David"
 msgstr ""
 
 #.  PAGE BREAK 236 
 #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para>
 msgid "Tatel, David"
 msgstr ""
 
 #.  PAGE BREAK 236 
 #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para>

-#: freeculture.xml:11246
+#: freeculture.xml:11380

 msgid ""
 "The Court of Appeals rejected our request to hear the case en banc.  This "
 "time, Judge Sentelle was joined by the most liberal member of the "
 msgid ""
 "The Court of Appeals rejected our request to hear the case en banc.  This "
 "time, Judge Sentelle was joined by the most liberal member of the "


@@ -14997,7 +15678,7 @@ msgid ""
 msgstr ""
 
 #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para>
 msgstr ""
 
 #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para>

-#: freeculture.xml:11255
+#: freeculture.xml:11389

 msgid ""
 "It was here that most expected Eldred v. Ashcroft would die, for the Supreme "
 "Court rarely reviews any decision by a court of appeals. (It hears about one "
 msgid ""
 "It was here that most expected Eldred v. Ashcroft would die, for the Supreme "
 "Court rarely reviews any decision by a court of appeals. (It hears about one "


@@ -15007,7 +15688,7 @@ msgid ""
 msgstr ""
 
 #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para>
 msgstr ""
 
 #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para>

-#: freeculture.xml:11262
+#: freeculture.xml:11396

 msgid ""
 "But in February 2002, the Supreme Court surprised the world by granting our "
 "petition to review the D.C. Circuit opinion. Argument was set for October of "
 msgid ""
 "But in February 2002, the Supreme Court surprised the world by granting our "
 "petition to review the D.C. Circuit opinion. Argument was set for October of "


@@ -15015,20 +15696,20 @@ msgid ""
 msgstr ""
 
 #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para>
 msgstr ""
 
 #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para>

-#: freeculture.xml:11268
+#: freeculture.xml:11402

 msgid ""
 msgid ""

-"It is over a year later as I write these words. It is still astonishingly "
-"hard. If you know anything at all about this story, you know that we lost "
-"the appeal. And if you know something more than just the minimum, you "
-"probably think there was no way this case could have been won. After our "
-"defeat, I received literally thousands of missives by well-wishers and "
-"supporters, thanking me for my work on behalf of this noble but doomed "
-"cause. And none from this pile was more significant to me than the e-mail "
-"from my client, Eric Eldred."
+"<emphasis role='strong'>It is over</emphasis> a year later as I write these "
+"words. It is still astonishingly hard. If you know anything at all about "
+"this story, you know that we lost the appeal. And if you know something more "
+"than just the minimum, you probably think there was no way this case could "
+"have been won. After our defeat, I received literally thousands of missives "
+"by well-wishers and supporters, thanking me for my work on behalf of this "
+"noble but doomed cause. And none from this pile was more significant to me "
+"than the e-mail from my client, Eric Eldred."

 msgstr ""
 
 #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para>
 msgstr ""
 
 #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para>

-#: freeculture.xml:11278
+#: freeculture.xml:11413

 msgid ""
 "But my client and these friends were wrong. This case could have been "
 "won. It should have been won. And no matter how hard I try to retell this "
 msgid ""
 "But my client and these friends were wrong. This case could have been "
 "won. It should have been won. And no matter how hard I try to retell this "


@@ -15036,35 +15717,35 @@ msgid ""
 msgstr ""
 
 #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><indexterm><primary>
 msgstr ""
 
 #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><indexterm><primary>

-#: freeculture.xml:11283 freeculture.xml:11297
+#: freeculture.xml:11418 freeculture.xml:11432

 msgid "Steward, Geoffrey"
 msgstr ""
 
 #.  PAGE BREAK 237 
 #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para>
 msgid "Steward, Geoffrey"
 msgstr ""
 
 #.  PAGE BREAK 237 
 #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para>

-#: freeculture.xml:11285
+#: freeculture.xml:11420

 msgid ""
 msgid ""

-"The mistake was made early, though it became obvious only at the very "
-"end. Our case had been supported from the very beginning by an extraordinary "
-"lawyer, Geoffrey Stewart, and by the law firm he had moved to, Jones, Day, "
-"Reavis and Pogue. Jones Day took a great deal of heat from its "
-"copyright-protectionist clients for supporting us. They ignored this "
-"pressure (something that few law firms today would ever do), and throughout "
-"the case, they gave it everything they could."
+"<emphasis role='strong'>The mistake</emphasis> was made early, though it "
+"became obvious only at the very end. Our case had been supported from the "
+"very beginning by an extraordinary lawyer, Geoffrey Stewart, and by the law "
+"firm he had moved to, Jones, Day, Reavis and Pogue. Jones Day took a great "
+"deal of heat from its copyright-protectionist clients for supporting "
+"us. They ignored this pressure (something that few law firms today would "
+"ever do), and throughout the case, they gave it everything they could."

 msgstr ""
 
 #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><indexterm><primary>
 msgstr ""
 
 #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><indexterm><primary>

-#: freeculture.xml:11295 freeculture.xml:11646 freeculture.xml:11662 freeculture.xml:11756 freeculture.xml:11972 freeculture.xml:12003 freeculture.xml:12096
+#: freeculture.xml:11430 freeculture.xml:11789 freeculture.xml:11805 freeculture.xml:11902 freeculture.xml:12122 freeculture.xml:12153 freeculture.xml:12251

 msgid "Ayer, Don"
 msgstr ""
 
 #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><indexterm><primary>
 msgid "Ayer, Don"
 msgstr ""
 
 #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><indexterm><primary>

-#: freeculture.xml:11296
+#: freeculture.xml:11431

 msgid "Bromberg, Dan"
 msgstr ""
 
 #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para>
 msgid "Bromberg, Dan"
 msgstr ""
 
 #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para>

-#: freeculture.xml:11299
+#: freeculture.xml:11434

 msgid ""
 "There were three key lawyers on the case from Jones Day. Geoff Stewart was "
 "the first, but then Dan Bromberg and Don Ayer became quite "
 msgid ""
 "There were three key lawyers on the case from Jones Day. Geoff Stewart was "
 "the first, but then Dan Bromberg and Don Ayer became quite "


@@ -15077,7 +15758,7 @@ msgid ""
 msgstr ""
 
 #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para>
 msgstr ""
 
 #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para>

-#: freeculture.xml:11309
+#: freeculture.xml:11444

 msgid ""
 "I hate this view of the law. Of course I thought the Sonny Bono Act was a "
 "dramatic harm to free speech and free culture. Of course I still think it "
 msgid ""
 "I hate this view of the law. Of course I thought the Sonny Bono Act was a "
 "dramatic harm to free speech and free culture. Of course I still think it "


@@ -15099,7 +15780,7 @@ msgid ""
 msgstr ""
 
 #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para>
 msgstr ""
 
 #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para>

-#: freeculture.xml:11330
+#: freeculture.xml:11465

 msgid ""
 "In any case, I thought, the Court must already see the danger and the harm "
 "caused by this sort of law. Why else would they grant review? There was no "
 msgid ""
 "In any case, I thought, the Court must already see the danger and the harm "
 "caused by this sort of law. Why else would they grant review? There was no "


@@ -15110,7 +15791,7 @@ msgstr ""
 
 #.  PAGE BREAK 238 
 #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para>
 
 #.  PAGE BREAK 238 
 #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para>

-#: freeculture.xml:11338
+#: freeculture.xml:11473

 msgid ""
 "There was one way, however, in which I felt politics would matter and in "
 "which I thought a response was appropriate. I was convinced that the Court "
 msgid ""
 "There was one way, however, in which I felt politics would matter and in "
 "which I thought a response was appropriate. I was convinced that the Court "


@@ -15128,18 +15809,18 @@ msgid ""
 "was unconstitutional regardless of one's politics."
 msgstr ""
 
 "was unconstitutional regardless of one's politics."
 msgstr ""
 

-#. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para><indexterm><primary>
-#: freeculture.xml:11369 freeculture.xml:11395
+#. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><indexterm><primary>
+#: freeculture.xml:11491 freeculture.xml:11518

 msgid "Eagle Forum"
 msgstr ""
 
 msgid "Eagle Forum"
 msgstr ""
 

-#. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para><indexterm><primary>
-#: freeculture.xml:11370
+#. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><indexterm><primary>
+#: freeculture.xml:11492

 msgid "Schlafly, Phyllis"
 msgstr ""
 
 #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para>
 msgid "Schlafly, Phyllis"
 msgstr ""
 
 #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para>

-#: freeculture.xml:11357
+#: freeculture.xml:11494

 msgid ""
 "The first step happened all by itself. Phyllis Schlafly's organization, "
 "Eagle Forum, had been an opponent of the CTEA from the very beginning.  "
 msgid ""
 "The first step happened all by itself. Phyllis Schlafly's organization, "
 "Eagle Forum, had been an opponent of the CTEA from the very beginning.  "


@@ -15152,12 +15833,11 @@ msgid ""
 "editorial documented, was the power of money.  Schlafly enumerated Disney's "
 "contributions to the key players on the committees. It was money, not "
 "justice, that gave Mickey Mouse twenty more years in Disney's control, "
 "editorial documented, was the power of money.  Schlafly enumerated Disney's "
 "contributions to the key players on the committees. It was money, not "
 "justice, that gave Mickey Mouse twenty more years in Disney's control, "

-"Schlafly argued.  <placeholder type=\"indexterm\" id=\"0\"/> <placeholder "
-"type=\"indexterm\" id=\"1\"/>"
+"Schlafly argued."

 msgstr ""
 
 #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para>
 msgstr ""
 
 #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para>

-#: freeculture.xml:11373
+#: freeculture.xml:11508

 msgid ""
 "In the Court of Appeals, Eagle Forum was eager to file a brief supporting "
 "our position. Their brief made the argument that became the core claim in "
 msgid ""
 "In the Court of Appeals, Eagle Forum was eager to file a brief supporting "
 "our position. Their brief made the argument that became the core claim in "


@@ -15166,8 +15846,9 @@ msgid ""
 "conservative argument persuaded a strong conservative judge, Judge Sentelle."
 msgstr ""
 
 "conservative argument persuaded a strong conservative judge, Judge Sentelle."
 msgstr ""
 

+#.  PAGE BREAK 239 

 #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para>
 #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para>

-#: freeculture.xml:11381
+#: freeculture.xml:11520

 msgid ""
 "In the Supreme Court, the briefs on our side were about as diverse as it "
 "gets. They included an extraordinary historical brief by the Free Software "
 msgid ""
 "In the Supreme Court, the briefs on our side were about as diverse as it "
 "gets. They included an extraordinary historical brief by the Free Software "


@@ -15176,34 +15857,30 @@ msgid ""
 "were two law professors' briefs, one by copyright scholars and one by First "
 "Amendment scholars. There was an exhaustive and uncontroverted brief by the "
 "world's experts in the history of the Progress Clause. And of course, there "
 "were two law professors' briefs, one by copyright scholars and one by First "
 "Amendment scholars. There was an exhaustive and uncontroverted brief by the "
 "world's experts in the history of the Progress Clause. And of course, there "

-"was a new brief by Eagle Forum, repeating and strengthening its arguments.  "
-"<placeholder type=\"indexterm\" id=\"0\"/> <placeholder type=\"indexterm\" "
-"id=\"1\"/> <placeholder type=\"indexterm\" id=\"2\"/> <placeholder "
-"type=\"indexterm\" id=\"3\"/>"
+"was a new brief by Eagle Forum, repeating and strengthening its arguments."

 msgstr ""
 
 msgstr ""
 

-#. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para><indexterm><primary>
-#: freeculture.xml:11402
+#. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><indexterm><primary>
+#: freeculture.xml:11532

 msgid "American Association of Law Libraries"
 msgstr ""
 
 msgid "American Association of Law Libraries"
 msgstr ""
 

-#. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para><indexterm><primary>
-#: freeculture.xml:11403
+#. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><indexterm><primary>
+#: freeculture.xml:11533

 msgid "National Writers Union"
 msgstr ""
 
 #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para>
 msgid "National Writers Union"
 msgstr ""
 
 #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para>

-#: freeculture.xml:11398
+#: freeculture.xml:11535

 msgid ""
 "Those briefs framed a legal argument. Then to support the legal argument, "
 "there were a number of powerful briefs by libraries and archives, including "
 "the Internet Archive, the American Association of Law Libraries, and the "
 msgid ""
 "Those briefs framed a legal argument. Then to support the legal argument, "
 "there were a number of powerful briefs by libraries and archives, including "
 "the Internet Archive, the American Association of Law Libraries, and the "

-"National Writers Union.  <placeholder type=\"indexterm\" id=\"0\"/> "
-"<placeholder type=\"indexterm\" id=\"1\"/>"
+"National Writers Union."

 msgstr ""
 
 #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para>
 msgstr ""
 
 #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para>

-#: freeculture.xml:11407
+#: freeculture.xml:11542

 msgid ""
 "But two briefs captured the policy argument best. One made the argument I've "
 "already described: A brief by Hal Roach Studios argued that unless the law "
 msgid ""
 "But two briefs captured the policy argument best. One made the argument I've "
 "already described: A brief by Hal Roach Studios argued that unless the law "


@@ -15212,32 +15889,32 @@ msgid ""
 msgstr ""
 
 #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><indexterm><primary>
 msgstr ""
 
 #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><indexterm><primary>

-#: freeculture.xml:11413
+#: freeculture.xml:11548

 msgid "Akerlof, George"
 msgstr ""
 
 #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><indexterm><primary>
 msgid "Akerlof, George"
 msgstr ""
 
 #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><indexterm><primary>

-#: freeculture.xml:11414
+#: freeculture.xml:11549

 msgid "Arrow, Kenneth"
 msgstr ""
 
 #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><indexterm><primary>
 msgid "Arrow, Kenneth"
 msgstr ""
 
 #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><indexterm><primary>

-#: freeculture.xml:11415
+#: freeculture.xml:11550

 msgid "Buchanan, James"
 msgstr ""
 
 #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><indexterm><primary>
 msgid "Buchanan, James"
 msgstr ""
 
 #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><indexterm><primary>

-#: freeculture.xml:11416
+#: freeculture.xml:11551

 msgid "Coase, Ronald"
 msgstr ""
 
 #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><indexterm><primary>
 msgid "Coase, Ronald"
 msgstr ""
 
 #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><indexterm><primary>

-#: freeculture.xml:11417
+#: freeculture.xml:11552

 msgid "Friedman, Milton"
 msgstr ""
 
 #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para>
 msgid "Friedman, Milton"
 msgstr ""
 
 #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para>

-#: freeculture.xml:11419
+#: freeculture.xml:11554

 msgid ""
 "This economists' brief was signed by seventeen economists, including five "
 "Nobel Prize winners, including Ronald Coase, James Buchanan, Milton "
 msgid ""
 "This economists' brief was signed by seventeen economists, including five "
 "Nobel Prize winners, including Ronald Coase, James Buchanan, Milton "


@@ -15250,28 +15927,29 @@ msgid ""
 "special-interest legislation gone wild."
 msgstr ""
 
 "special-interest legislation gone wild."
 msgstr ""
 

-#. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para><indexterm><primary>
-#: freeculture.xml:11442 freeculture.xml:11458 freeculture.xml:11653 freeculture.xml:12008
+#. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><indexterm><primary>
+#: freeculture.xml:11564 freeculture.xml:11582 freeculture.xml:11791 freeculture.xml:12154

 msgid "Fried, Charles"
 msgstr ""
 
 msgid "Fried, Charles"
 msgstr ""
 

-#. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para><indexterm><primary>
-#: freeculture.xml:11443
+#. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><indexterm><primary>
+#: freeculture.xml:11565

 msgid "Morrison, Alan"
 msgstr ""
 
 msgid "Morrison, Alan"
 msgstr ""
 

-#. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para><indexterm><primary>
-#: freeculture.xml:11444
+#. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><indexterm><primary>
+#: freeculture.xml:11566

 msgid "Public Citizen"
 msgstr ""
 
 #. type: Content of: <book><chapter><indexterm><primary>
 msgid "Public Citizen"
 msgstr ""
 
 #. type: Content of: <book><chapter><indexterm><primary>

-#: freeculture.xml:11445 freeculture.xml:11647 freeculture.xml:12754
+#: freeculture.xml:11567 freeculture.xml:11790 freeculture.xml:12910

 msgid "Reagan, Ronald"
 msgstr ""
 
 msgid "Reagan, Ronald"
 msgstr ""
 

+#.  PAGE BREAK 240 

 #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para>
 #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para>

-#: freeculture.xml:11430
+#: freeculture.xml:11569

 msgid ""
 "The same effort at balance was reflected in the legal team we gathered to "
 "write our briefs in the case. The Jones Day lawyers had been with us from "
 msgid ""
 "The same effort at balance was reflected in the legal team we gathered to "
 "write our briefs in the case. The Jones Day lawyers had been with us from "


@@ -15281,14 +15959,11 @@ msgid ""
 "history with a series of seminal victories in the Supreme Court defending "
 "individual rights; my colleague and dean, Kathleen Sullivan, who had argued "
 "many cases in the Court, and who had advised us early on about a First "
 "history with a series of seminal victories in the Supreme Court defending "
 "individual rights; my colleague and dean, Kathleen Sullivan, who had argued "
 "many cases in the Court, and who had advised us early on about a First "

-"Amendment strategy; and finally, former solicitor general Charles Fried.  "
-"<placeholder type=\"indexterm\" id=\"0\"/> <placeholder type=\"indexterm\" "
-"id=\"1\"/> <placeholder type=\"indexterm\" id=\"2\"/> <placeholder "
-"type=\"indexterm\" id=\"3\"/>"
+"Amendment strategy; and finally, former solicitor general Charles Fried."

 msgstr ""
 
 #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para>
 msgstr ""
 
 #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para>

-#: freeculture.xml:11448
+#: freeculture.xml:11584

 msgid ""
 "Fried was a special victory for our side. Every other former solicitor "
 "general was hired by the other side to defend Congress's power to give media "
 msgid ""
 "Fried was a special victory for our side. Every other former solicitor "
 "general was hired by the other side to defend Congress's power to give media "


@@ -15298,12 +15973,11 @@ msgid ""
 "Court. He had helped craft the line of cases that limited Congress's power "
 "in the context of the Commerce Clause. And while he had argued many "
 "positions in the Supreme Court that I personally disagreed with, his joining "
 "Court. He had helped craft the line of cases that limited Congress's power "
 "in the context of the Commerce Clause. And while he had argued many "
 "positions in the Supreme Court that I personally disagreed with, his joining "

-"the cause was a vote of confidence in our argument.  <placeholder "
-"type=\"indexterm\" id=\"0\"/>"
+"the cause was a vote of confidence in our argument."

 msgstr ""
 
 #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para>
 msgstr ""
 
 #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para>

-#: freeculture.xml:11461
+#: freeculture.xml:11596

 msgid ""
 "The government, in defending the statute, had its collection of friends, as "
 "well. Significantly, however, none of these <quote>friends</quote> included "
 msgid ""
 "The government, in defending the statute, had its collection of friends, as "
 "well. Significantly, however, none of these <quote>friends</quote> included "


@@ -15313,7 +15987,7 @@ msgid ""
 msgstr ""
 
 #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para>
 msgstr ""
 
 #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para>

-#: freeculture.xml:11468
+#: freeculture.xml:11603

 msgid ""
 "The media companies were not surprising. They had the most to gain from the "
 "law. The congressmen were not surprising either&mdash;they were defending "
 msgid ""
 "The media companies were not surprising. They had the most to gain from the "
 "law. The congressmen were not surprising either&mdash;they were defending "


@@ -15323,9 +15997,14 @@ msgid ""
 "who did what with content they wanted to control."
 msgstr ""
 
 "who did what with content they wanted to control."
 msgstr ""
 

+#. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><indexterm><primary>
+#: freeculture.xml:11611
+msgid "Gershwin, George"
+msgstr ""
+

 #.  f14. 
 #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para><footnote><para>
 #.  f14. 
 #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para><footnote><para>

-#: freeculture.xml:11484
+#: freeculture.xml:11620

 msgid ""
 "Brief of Amici Dr. Seuss Enterprise et al., <citetitle>Eldred</citetitle> "
 "v. <citetitle>Ashcroft</citetitle>, 537 U.S.  (2003) (No. 01-618), 19."
 msgid ""
 "Brief of Amici Dr. Seuss Enterprise et al., <citetitle>Eldred</citetitle> "
 "v. <citetitle>Ashcroft</citetitle>, 537 U.S.  (2003) (No. 01-618), 19."


@@ -15333,20 +16012,16 @@ msgstr ""
 
 #.  f15. 
 #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para><footnote><para>
 
 #.  f15. 
 #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para><footnote><para>

-#: freeculture.xml:11492
+#: freeculture.xml:11628

 msgid ""
 "Dinitia Smith, <quote>Immortal Words, Immortal Royalties? Even Mickey Mouse "
 "Joins the Fray,</quote> <citetitle>New York Times</citetitle>, 28 March "
 "1998, B7."
 msgstr ""
 
 msgid ""
 "Dinitia Smith, <quote>Immortal Words, Immortal Royalties? Even Mickey Mouse "
 "Joins the Fray,</quote> <citetitle>New York Times</citetitle>, 28 March "
 "1998, B7."
 msgstr ""
 

-#. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para><indexterm><primary>
-#: freeculture.xml:11499
-msgid "Gershwin, George"
-msgstr ""
-
+#.  PAGE BREAK 241 

 #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para>
 #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para>

-#: freeculture.xml:11477
+#: freeculture.xml:11613

 msgid ""
 "Dr. Seuss's representatives, for example, argued that it was better for the "
 "Dr. Seuss estate to control what happened to Dr. Seuss's work&mdash; better "
 msgid ""
 "Dr. Seuss's representatives, for example, argued that it was better for the "
 "Dr. Seuss estate to control what happened to Dr. Seuss's work&mdash; better "


@@ -15359,11 +16034,11 @@ msgid ""
 "Bess</citetitle> to anyone who refuses to use African Americans in the "
 "cast.<placeholder type=\"footnote\" id=\"1\"/> That's their view of how this "
 "part of American culture should be controlled, and they wanted this law to "
 "Bess</citetitle> to anyone who refuses to use African Americans in the "
 "cast.<placeholder type=\"footnote\" id=\"1\"/> That's their view of how this "
 "part of American culture should be controlled, and they wanted this law to "

-"help them effect that control.  <placeholder type=\"indexterm\" id=\"2\"/>"
+"help them effect that control."

 msgstr ""
 
 #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para>
 msgstr ""
 
 #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para>

-#: freeculture.xml:11502
+#: freeculture.xml:11637

 msgid ""
 "This argument made clear a theme that is rarely noticed in this debate.  "
 "When Congress decides to extend the term of existing copyrights, Congress is "
 msgid ""
 "This argument made clear a theme that is rarely noticed in this debate.  "
 "When Congress decides to extend the term of existing copyrights, Congress is "


@@ -15378,24 +16053,30 @@ msgid ""
 msgstr ""
 
 #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para>
 msgstr ""
 
 #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para>

-#: freeculture.xml:11514
+#: freeculture.xml:11649

 msgid ""
 "We argued as much in a final brief. Not only would upholding the CTEA mean "
 "that there was no limit to the power of Congress to extend "
 "copyrights&mdash;extensions that would further concentrate the market; it "
 "would also mean that there was no limit to Congress's power to play "
 msgid ""
 "We argued as much in a final brief. Not only would upholding the CTEA mean "
 "that there was no limit to the power of Congress to extend "
 "copyrights&mdash;extensions that would further concentrate the market; it "
 "would also mean that there was no limit to Congress's power to play "

-"favorites, through copyright, with who has the right to speak.  Between "
-"February and October, there was little I did beyond preparing for this "
-"case. Early on, as I said, I set the strategy."
+"favorites, through copyright, with who has the right to speak."
+msgstr ""
+
+#. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para>
+#: freeculture.xml:11656
+msgid ""
+"<emphasis role='strong'>Between February</emphasis> and October, there was "
+"little I did beyond preparing for this case. Early on, as I said, I set the "
+"strategy."

 msgstr ""
 
 #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><indexterm><primary>
 msgstr ""
 
 #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><indexterm><primary>

-#: freeculture.xml:11523 freeculture.xml:11701
+#: freeculture.xml:11661 freeculture.xml:11847

 msgid "O'Connor, Sandra Day"
 msgstr ""
 
 #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para>
 msgid "O'Connor, Sandra Day"
 msgstr ""
 
 #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para>

-#: freeculture.xml:11525
+#: freeculture.xml:11663

 msgid ""
 "The Supreme Court was divided into two important camps. One camp we called "
 "<quote>the Conservatives.</quote> The other we called <quote>the "
 msgid ""
 "The Supreme Court was divided into two important camps. One camp we called "
 "<quote>the Conservatives.</quote> The other we called <quote>the "


@@ -15408,13 +16089,18 @@ msgid ""
 msgstr ""
 
 #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><indexterm><primary>
 msgstr ""
 
 #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><indexterm><primary>

-#: freeculture.xml:11534 freeculture.xml:11558 freeculture.xml:11900 freeculture.xml:11912
+#: freeculture.xml:11672 freeculture.xml:11697 freeculture.xml:12049 freeculture.xml:12061

 msgid "Breyer, Stephen"
 msgstr ""
 
 msgid "Breyer, Stephen"
 msgstr ""
 

+#. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><indexterm><primary>
+#: freeculture.xml:11673 freeculture.xml:12013
+msgid "Ginsburg, Ruth Bader"
+msgstr ""
+

 #.  PAGE BREAK 242 
 #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para>
 #.  PAGE BREAK 242 
 #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para>

-#: freeculture.xml:11536
+#: freeculture.xml:11675

 msgid ""
 "The Rest were the four Justices who had strongly opposed limits on "
 "Congress's power. These four&mdash;Justice Stevens, Justice Souter, Justice "
 msgid ""
 "The Rest were the four Justices who had strongly opposed limits on "
 "Congress's power. These four&mdash;Justice Stevens, Justice Souter, Justice "


@@ -15427,7 +16113,7 @@ msgid ""
 msgstr ""
 
 #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para>
 msgstr ""
 
 #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para>

-#: freeculture.xml:11548
+#: freeculture.xml:11687

 msgid ""
 "In particular, the least likely was Justice Ginsburg's. In addition to her "
 "general view about deference to Congress (except where issues of gender are "
 msgid ""
 "In particular, the least likely was Justice Ginsburg's. In addition to her "
 "general view about deference to Congress (except where issues of gender are "


@@ -15440,7 +16126,7 @@ msgid ""
 msgstr ""
 
 #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para>
 msgstr ""
 
 #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para>

-#: freeculture.xml:11560
+#: freeculture.xml:11699

 msgid ""
 "Close behind Justice Ginsburg were two justices whom we also viewed as "
 "unlikely allies, though possible surprises. Justice Souter strongly favored "
 msgid ""
 "Close behind Justice Ginsburg were two justices whom we also viewed as "
 "unlikely allies, though possible surprises. Justice Souter strongly favored "


@@ -15450,7 +16136,7 @@ msgid ""
 msgstr ""
 
 #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para>
 msgstr ""
 
 #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para>

-#: freeculture.xml:11568
+#: freeculture.xml:11708

 msgid ""
 "The only vote we could be confident about was that of Justice "
 "Stevens. History will record Justice Stevens as one of the greatest judges "
 msgid ""
 "The only vote we could be confident about was that of Justice "
 "Stevens. History will record Justice Stevens as one of the greatest judges "


@@ -15461,7 +16147,7 @@ msgid ""
 msgstr ""
 
 #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para>
 msgstr ""
 
 #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para>

-#: freeculture.xml:11576
+#: freeculture.xml:11716

 msgid ""
 "This analysis of <quote>the Rest</quote> showed most clearly where our focus "
 "had to be: on the Conservatives. To win this case, we had to crack open "
 msgid ""
 "This analysis of <quote>the Rest</quote> showed most clearly where our focus "
 "had to be: on the Conservatives. To win this case, we had to crack open "


@@ -15474,7 +16160,7 @@ msgstr ""
 
 #.  PAGE BREAK 243 
 #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para>
 
 #.  PAGE BREAK 243 
 #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para>

-#: freeculture.xml:11586
+#: freeculture.xml:11726

 msgid ""
 "This then was the core of our strategy&mdash;a strategy for which I am "
 "responsible. We would get the Court to see that just as with the "
 msgid ""
 "This then was the core of our strategy&mdash;a strategy for which I am "
 "responsible. We would get the Court to see that just as with the "


@@ -15489,17 +16175,17 @@ msgid ""
 msgstr ""
 
 #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para>
 msgstr ""
 
 #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para>

-#: freeculture.xml:11600
+#: freeculture.xml:11740

 msgid ""
 msgid ""

-"The argument on the government's side came down to this: Congress has done "
-"it before. It should be allowed to do it again. The government claimed that "
-"from the very beginning, Congress has been extending the term of existing "
-"copyrights. So, the government argued, the Court should not now say that "
-"practice is unconstitutional."
+"<emphasis role='strong'>The argument</emphasis> on the government's side "
+"came down to this: Congress has done it before. It should be allowed to do "
+"it again. The government claimed that from the very beginning, Congress has "
+"been extending the term of existing copyrights. So, the government argued, "
+"the Court should not now say that practice is unconstitutional."

 msgstr ""
 
 #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para>
 msgstr ""
 
 #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para>

-#: freeculture.xml:11607
+#: freeculture.xml:11748

 msgid ""
 "There was some truth to the government's claim, but not much. We certainly "
 "agreed that Congress had extended existing terms in 1831 and in 1909. And of "
 msgid ""
 "There was some truth to the government's claim, but not much. We certainly "
 "agreed that Congress had extended existing terms in 1831 and in 1909. And of "


@@ -15507,9 +16193,8 @@ msgid ""
 "regularly&mdash;eleven times in forty years."
 msgstr ""
 
 "regularly&mdash;eleven times in forty years."
 msgstr ""
 

-#.  PAGE BREAK 244 

 #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para>
 #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para>

-#: freeculture.xml:11614
+#: freeculture.xml:11755

 msgid ""
 "But this <quote>consistency</quote> should be kept in perspective. Congress "
 "extended existing terms once in the first hundred years of the Republic.  It "
 msgid ""
 "But this <quote>consistency</quote> should be kept in perspective. Congress "
 "extended existing terms once in the first hundred years of the Republic.  It "


@@ -15519,15 +16204,22 @@ msgid ""
 "now gone. Congress was now in a cycle of extensions; there was no reason to "
 "expect that cycle would end. This Court had not hesitated to intervene where "
 "Congress was in a similar cycle of extension.  There was no reason it "
 "now gone. Congress was now in a cycle of extensions; there was no reason to "
 "expect that cycle would end. This Court had not hesitated to intervene where "
 "Congress was in a similar cycle of extension.  There was no reason it "

-"couldn't intervene here.  Oral argument was scheduled for the first week in "
-"October. I arrived in D.C. two weeks before the argument. During those two "
-"weeks, I was repeatedly <quote>mooted</quote> by lawyers who had volunteered "
-"to help in the case. Such <quote>moots</quote> are basically practice "
-"rounds, where wannabe justices fire questions at wannabe winners."
+"couldn't intervene here."

 msgstr ""
 
 msgstr ""
 

+#.  PAGE BREAK 244 

 #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para>
 #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para>

-#: freeculture.xml:11637
+#: freeculture.xml:11770
+msgid ""
+"<emphasis role='strong'>Oral argument</emphasis> was scheduled for the first "
+"week in October. I arrived in D.C. two weeks before the argument. During "
+"those two weeks, I was repeatedly <quote>mooted</quote> by lawyers who had "
+"volunteered to help in the case. Such <quote>moots</quote> are basically "
+"practice rounds, where wannabe justices fire questions at wannabe winners."
+msgstr ""
+
+#. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para>
+#: freeculture.xml:11780

 msgid ""
 "I was convinced that to win, I had to keep the Court focused on a single "
 "point: that if this extension is permitted, then there is no limit to the "
 msgid ""
 "I was convinced that to win, I had to keep the Court focused on a single "
 "point: that if this extension is permitted, then there is no limit to the "


@@ -15538,17 +16230,16 @@ msgid ""
 msgstr ""
 
 #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para>
 msgstr ""
 
 #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para>

-#: freeculture.xml:11649
+#: freeculture.xml:11793

 msgid ""
 "One moot was before the lawyers at Jones Day. Don Ayer was the skeptic. He "
 "had served in the Reagan Justice Department with Solicitor General Charles "
 "Fried. He had argued many cases before the Supreme Court. And in his review "
 msgid ""
 "One moot was before the lawyers at Jones Day. Don Ayer was the skeptic. He "
 "had served in the Reagan Justice Department with Solicitor General Charles "
 "Fried. He had argued many cases before the Supreme Court. And in his review "

-"of the moot, he let his concern speak: <placeholder type=\"indexterm\" "
-"id=\"0\"/>"
+"of the moot, he let his concern speak:"

 msgstr ""
 
 #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para>
 msgstr ""
 
 #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para>

-#: freeculture.xml:11656
+#: freeculture.xml:11799

 msgid ""
 "<quote>I'm just afraid that unless they really see the harm, they won't be "
 "willing to upset this practice that the government says has been a "
 msgid ""
 "<quote>I'm just afraid that unless they really see the harm, they won't be "
 "willing to upset this practice that the government says has been a "


@@ -15557,9 +16248,8 @@ msgid ""
 "that, then we haven't any chance of winning.</quote>"
 msgstr ""
 
 "that, then we haven't any chance of winning.</quote>"
 msgstr ""
 

-#.  PAGE BREAK 245 

 #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para>
 #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para>

-#: freeculture.xml:11664
+#: freeculture.xml:11807

 msgid ""
 "He may have argued many cases before this Court, I thought, but he didn't "
 "understand its soul. As a clerk, I had seen the Justices do the right "
 msgid ""
 "He may have argued many cases before this Court, I thought, but he didn't "
 "understand its soul. As a clerk, I had seen the Justices do the right "


@@ -15568,16 +16258,22 @@ msgid ""
 "right thing&mdash;not because of politics but because it is right. As I "
 "listened to Ayer's plea for passion in pressing politics, I understood his "
 "point, and I rejected it. Our argument was right. That was enough.  Let the "
 "right thing&mdash;not because of politics but because it is right. As I "
 "listened to Ayer's plea for passion in pressing politics, I understood his "
 "point, and I rejected it. Our argument was right. That was enough.  Let the "

-"politicians learn to see that it was also good.  The night before the "
-"argument, a line of people began to form in front of the Supreme Court. The "
-"case had become a focus of the press and of the movement to free "
-"culture. Hundreds stood in line for the chance to see the "
-"proceedings. Scores spent the night on the Supreme Court steps so that they "
-"would be assured a seat."
+"politicians learn to see that it was also good."
+msgstr ""
+
+#.  PAGE BREAK 245 
+#. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para>
+#: freeculture.xml:11817
+msgid ""
+"<emphasis role='strong'>The night before</emphasis> the argument, a line of "
+"people began to form in front of the Supreme Court. The case had become a "
+"focus of the press and of the movement to free culture. Hundreds stood in "
+"line for the chance to see the proceedings. Scores spent the night on the "
+"Supreme Court steps so that they would be assured a seat."

 msgstr ""
 
 #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para>
 msgstr ""
 
 #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para>

-#: freeculture.xml:11681
+#: freeculture.xml:11827

 msgid ""
 "Not everyone has to wait in line. People who know the Justices can ask for "
 "seats they control. (I asked Justice Scalia's chambers for seats for my "
 msgid ""
 "Not everyone has to wait in line. People who know the Justices can ask for "
 "seats they control. (I asked Justice Scalia's chambers for seats for my "


@@ -15593,7 +16289,7 @@ msgid ""
 msgstr ""
 
 #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para>
 msgstr ""
 
 #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para>

-#: freeculture.xml:11696
+#: freeculture.xml:11842

 msgid ""
 "When the Chief Justice called me to begin my argument, I began where I "
 "intended to stay: on the question of the limits on Congress's power. This "
 msgid ""
 "When the Chief Justice called me to begin my argument, I began where I "
 "intended to stay: on the question of the limits on Congress's power. This "


@@ -15602,14 +16298,14 @@ msgid ""
 msgstr ""
 
 #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para>
 msgstr ""
 
 #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para>

-#: freeculture.xml:11703
+#: freeculture.xml:11849

 msgid ""
 "Justice O'Connor stopped me within one minute of my opening.  The history "
 "was bothering her."
 msgstr ""
 
 #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><blockquote><para>
 msgid ""
 "Justice O'Connor stopped me within one minute of my opening.  The history "
 "was bothering her."
 msgstr ""
 
 #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><blockquote><para>

-#: freeculture.xml:11708
+#: freeculture.xml:11854

 msgid ""
 "justice o'connor: Congress has extended the term so often through the years, "
 "and if you are right, don't we run the risk of upsetting previous extensions "
 msgid ""
 "justice o'connor: Congress has extended the term so often through the years, "
 "and if you are right, don't we run the risk of upsetting previous extensions "


@@ -15618,7 +16314,7 @@ msgid ""
 msgstr ""
 
 #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para>
 msgstr ""
 
 #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para>

-#: freeculture.xml:11715
+#: freeculture.xml:11861

 msgid ""
 "She was quite willing to concede <quote>that this flies directly in the face "
 "of what the framers had in mind.</quote> But my response again and again was "
 msgid ""
 "She was quite willing to concede <quote>that this flies directly in the face "
 "of what the framers had in mind.</quote> But my response again and again was "


@@ -15627,7 +16323,7 @@ msgstr ""
 
 #.  PAGE BREAK 246 
 #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><blockquote><para>
 
 #.  PAGE BREAK 246 
 #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><blockquote><para>

-#: freeculture.xml:11721
+#: freeculture.xml:11867

 msgid ""
 "mr. lessig: Well, if it flies in the face of what the framers had in mind, "
 "then the question is, is there a way of interpreting their words that gives "
 msgid ""
 "mr. lessig: Well, if it flies in the face of what the framers had in mind, "
 "then the question is, is there a way of interpreting their words that gives "


@@ -15635,14 +16331,14 @@ msgid ""
 msgstr ""
 
 #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para>
 msgstr ""
 
 #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para>

-#: freeculture.xml:11729
+#: freeculture.xml:11875

 msgid ""
 "There were two points in this argument when I should have seen where the "
 "Court was going. The first was a question by Justice Kennedy, who observed,"
 msgstr ""
 
 #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><blockquote><para>
 msgid ""
 "There were two points in this argument when I should have seen where the "
 "Court was going. The first was a question by Justice Kennedy, who observed,"
 msgstr ""
 
 #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><blockquote><para>

-#: freeculture.xml:11735
+#: freeculture.xml:11881

 msgid ""
 "justice kennedy: Well, I suppose implicit in the argument that the '76 act, "
 "too, should have been declared void, and that we might leave it alone "
 msgid ""
 "justice kennedy: Well, I suppose implicit in the argument that the '76 act, "
 "too, should have been declared void, and that we might leave it alone "


@@ -15652,14 +16348,14 @@ msgid ""
 msgstr ""
 
 #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para>
 msgstr ""
 
 #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para>

-#: freeculture.xml:11743
+#: freeculture.xml:11889

 msgid ""
 "Here follows my clear mistake. Like a professor correcting a student, I "
 "answered,"
 msgstr ""
 
 #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><blockquote><para>
 msgid ""
 "Here follows my clear mistake. Like a professor correcting a student, I "
 "answered,"
 msgstr ""
 
 #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><blockquote><para>

-#: freeculture.xml:11749
+#: freeculture.xml:11895

 msgid ""
 "mr. lessig: Justice, we are not making an empirical claim at all.  Nothing "
 "in our Copyright Clause claim hangs upon the empirical assertion about "
 msgid ""
 "mr. lessig: Justice, we are not making an empirical claim at all.  Nothing "
 "in our Copyright Clause claim hangs upon the empirical assertion about "


@@ -15669,7 +16365,7 @@ msgid ""
 msgstr ""
 
 #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para>
 msgstr ""
 
 #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para>

-#: freeculture.xml:11758
+#: freeculture.xml:11904

 msgid ""
 "That was a correct answer, but it wasn't the right answer. The right answer "
 "was instead that there was an obvious and profound harm. Any number of "
 msgid ""
 "That was a correct answer, but it wasn't the right answer. The right answer "
 "was instead that there was an obvious and profound harm. Any number of "


@@ -15679,7 +16375,7 @@ msgid ""
 msgstr ""
 
 #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para>
 msgstr ""
 
 #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para>

-#: freeculture.xml:11765
+#: freeculture.xml:11911

 msgid ""
 "The second came from the Chief, for whom the whole case had been "
 "crafted. For the Chief Justice had crafted the <citetitle>Lopez</citetitle> "
 msgid ""
 "The second came from the Chief, for whom the whole case had been "
 "crafted. For the Chief Justice had crafted the <citetitle>Lopez</citetitle> "


@@ -15688,21 +16384,21 @@ msgstr ""
 
 #.  PAGE BREAK 247 
 #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para>
 
 #.  PAGE BREAK 247 
 #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para>

-#: freeculture.xml:11770
+#: freeculture.xml:11916

 msgid ""
 "It was clear a second into his question that he wasn't at all sympathetic.  "
 "To him, we were a bunch of anarchists. As he asked:"
 msgstr ""
 
 #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><blockquote><para>
 msgid ""
 "It was clear a second into his question that he wasn't at all sympathetic.  "
 "To him, we were a bunch of anarchists. As he asked:"
 msgstr ""
 
 #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><blockquote><para>

-#: freeculture.xml:11777
+#: freeculture.xml:11923

 msgid ""
 "chief justice: Well, but you want more than that. You want the right to copy "
 "verbatim other people's books, don't you?"
 msgstr ""
 
 #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><blockquote><para>
 msgid ""
 "chief justice: Well, but you want more than that. You want the right to copy "
 "verbatim other people's books, don't you?"
 msgstr ""
 
 #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><blockquote><para>

-#: freeculture.xml:11781
+#: freeculture.xml:11927

 msgid ""
 "mr. lessig: We want the right to copy verbatim works that should be in the "
 "public domain and would be in the public domain but for a statute that "
 msgid ""
 "mr. lessig: We want the right to copy verbatim works that should be in the "
 "public domain and would be in the public domain but for a statute that "


@@ -15711,12 +16407,12 @@ msgid ""
 msgstr ""
 
 #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><indexterm><primary>
 msgstr ""
 
 #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><indexterm><primary>

-#: freeculture.xml:11789
+#: freeculture.xml:11935

 msgid "Olson, Theodore B."
 msgstr ""
 
 #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para>
 msgid "Olson, Theodore B."
 msgstr ""
 
 #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para>

-#: freeculture.xml:11791
+#: freeculture.xml:11937

 msgid ""
 "Things went better for us when the government gave its argument; for now the "
 "Court picked up on the core of our claim. As Justice Scalia asked Solicitor "
 msgid ""
 "Things went better for us when the government gave its argument; for now the "
 "Court picked up on the core of our claim. As Justice Scalia asked Solicitor "


@@ -15724,7 +16420,7 @@ msgid ""
 msgstr ""
 
 #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><blockquote><para>
 msgstr ""
 
 #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><blockquote><para>

-#: freeculture.xml:11797
+#: freeculture.xml:11943

 msgid ""
 "justice scalia: You say that the functional equivalent of an unlimited time "
 "would be a violation [of the Constitution], but that's precisely the "
 msgid ""
 "justice scalia: You say that the functional equivalent of an unlimited time "
 "would be a violation [of the Constitution], but that's precisely the "


@@ -15733,7 +16429,7 @@ msgid ""
 msgstr ""
 
 #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para>
 msgstr ""
 
 #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para>

-#: freeculture.xml:11805
+#: freeculture.xml:11951

 msgid ""
 "When Olson was finished, it was my turn to give a closing rebuttal.  Olson's "
 "flailing had revived my anger. But my anger still was directed to the "
 msgid ""
 "When Olson was finished, it was my turn to give a closing rebuttal.  Olson's "
 "flailing had revived my anger. But my anger still was directed to the "


@@ -15749,15 +16445,16 @@ msgstr ""
 
 #.  PAGE BREAK 248 
 #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para>
 
 #.  PAGE BREAK 248 
 #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para>

-#: freeculture.xml:11818
+#: freeculture.xml:11964

 msgid ""
 msgid ""

-"As I left the court that day, I knew there were a hundred points I wished I "
-"could remake. There were a hundred questions I wished I had answered "
-"differently. But one way of thinking about this case left me optimistic."
+"<emphasis role='strong'>As I left</emphasis> the court that day, I knew "
+"there were a hundred points I wished I could remake. There were a hundred "
+"questions I wished I had answered differently. But one way of thinking about "
+"this case left me optimistic."

 msgstr ""
 
 #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para>
 msgstr ""
 
 #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para>

-#: freeculture.xml:11826
+#: freeculture.xml:11973

 msgid ""
 "The government had been asked over and over again, what is the limit? Over "
 "and over again, it had answered there is no limit. This was precisely the "
 msgid ""
 "The government had been asked over and over again, what is the limit? Over "
 "and over again, it had answered there is no limit. This was precisely the "


@@ -15774,17 +16471,18 @@ msgid ""
 msgstr ""
 
 #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para>
 msgstr ""
 
 #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para>

-#: freeculture.xml:11841
+#: freeculture.xml:11988

 msgid ""
 msgid ""

-"The morning of January 15, 2003, I was five minutes late to the office and "
-"missed the 7:00 A.M. call from the Supreme Court clerk. Listening to the "
-"message, I could tell in an instant that she had bad news to report.The "
-"Supreme Court had affirmed the decision of the Court of Appeals. Seven "
-"justices had voted in the majority. There were two dissents."
+"<emphasis role='strong'>The morning</emphasis> of January 15, 2003, I was "
+"five minutes late to the office and missed the 7:00 A.M. call from the "
+"Supreme Court clerk. Listening to the message, I could tell in an instant "
+"that she had bad news to report.The Supreme Court had affirmed the decision "
+"of the Court of Appeals. Seven justices had voted in the majority. There "
+"were two dissents."

 msgstr ""
 
 #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para>
 msgstr ""
 
 #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para>

-#: freeculture.xml:11848
+#: freeculture.xml:11996

 msgid ""
 "A few seconds later, the opinions arrived by e-mail. I took the phone off "
 "the hook, posted an announcement to our blog, and sat down to see where I "
 msgid ""
 "A few seconds later, the opinions arrived by e-mail. I took the phone off "
 "the hook, posted an announcement to our blog, and sat down to see where I "


@@ -15792,7 +16490,7 @@ msgid ""
 msgstr ""
 
 #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para>
 msgstr ""
 
 #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para>

-#: freeculture.xml:11853
+#: freeculture.xml:12001

 msgid ""
 "My <emphasis>reasoning</emphasis>. Here was a case that pitted all the money "
 "in the world against <emphasis>reasoning</emphasis>. And here was the last "
 msgid ""
 "My <emphasis>reasoning</emphasis>. Here was a case that pitted all the money "
 "in the world against <emphasis>reasoning</emphasis>. And here was the last "


@@ -15800,7 +16498,7 @@ msgid ""
 msgstr ""
 
 #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para>
 msgstr ""
 
 #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para>

-#: freeculture.xml:11859
+#: freeculture.xml:12007

 msgid ""
 "I first scoured the opinion, looking for how the Court would distinguish the "
 "principle in this case from the principle in "
 msgid ""
 "I first scoured the opinion, looking for how the Court would distinguish the "
 "principle in this case from the principle in "


@@ -15811,7 +16509,7 @@ msgstr ""
 
 #.  PAGE BREAK 249 
 #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para>
 
 #.  PAGE BREAK 249 
 #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para>

-#: freeculture.xml:11868
+#: freeculture.xml:12017

 msgid ""
 "Justice Ginsburg simply ignored the enumerated powers argument.  Consistent "
 "with her view that Congress's power was not limited generally, she had found "
 msgid ""
 "Justice Ginsburg simply ignored the enumerated powers argument.  Consistent "
 "with her view that Congress's power was not limited generally, she had found "


@@ -15819,7 +16517,7 @@ msgid ""
 msgstr ""
 
 #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para>
 msgstr ""
 
 #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para>

-#: freeculture.xml:11873
+#: freeculture.xml:12022

 msgid ""
 "Her opinion was perfectly reasonable&mdash;for her, and for Justice "
 "Souter. Neither believes in <citetitle>Lopez</citetitle>. It would be too "
 msgid ""
 "Her opinion was perfectly reasonable&mdash;for her, and for Justice "
 "Souter. Neither believes in <citetitle>Lopez</citetitle>. It would be too "


@@ -15828,7 +16526,7 @@ msgid ""
 msgstr ""
 
 #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para>
 msgstr ""
 
 #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para>

-#: freeculture.xml:11879
+#: freeculture.xml:12028

 msgid ""
 "But as I realized what had happened, I couldn't quite believe what I was "
 "reading. I had said there was no way this Court could reconcile limited "
 msgid ""
 "But as I realized what had happened, I couldn't quite believe what I was "
 "reading. I had said there was no way this Court could reconcile limited "


@@ -15842,7 +16540,7 @@ msgid ""
 msgstr ""
 
 #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para>
 msgstr ""
 
 #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para>

-#: freeculture.xml:11890
+#: freeculture.xml:12039

 msgid ""
 "Yet by what right did they get to choose which of the framers' values they "
 "would respect? By what right did they&mdash;the silent five&mdash;get to "
 msgid ""
 "Yet by what right did they get to choose which of the framers' values they "
 "would respect? By what right did they&mdash;the silent five&mdash;get to "


@@ -15855,7 +16553,7 @@ msgid ""
 msgstr ""
 
 #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para>
 msgstr ""
 
 #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para>

-#: freeculture.xml:11902
+#: freeculture.xml:12051

 msgid ""
 "Justices Breyer and Stevens wrote very strong dissents. Stevens's opinion "
 "was crafted internal to the law: He argued that the tradition of "
 msgid ""
 "Justices Breyer and Stevens wrote very strong dissents. Stevens's opinion "
 "was crafted internal to the law: He argued that the tradition of "


@@ -15870,7 +16568,7 @@ msgstr ""
 
 #.  PAGE BREAK 250 
 #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para>
 
 #.  PAGE BREAK 250 
 #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para>

-#: freeculture.xml:11915
+#: freeculture.xml:12064

 msgid ""
 "Justice Breyer's opinion, perhaps the best opinion he has ever written, was "
 "external to the Constitution. He argued that the term of copyrights has "
 msgid ""
 "Justice Breyer's opinion, perhaps the best opinion he has ever written, was "
 "external to the Constitution. He argued that the term of copyrights has "


@@ -15884,7 +16582,7 @@ msgid ""
 msgstr ""
 
 #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para>
 msgstr ""
 
 #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para>

-#: freeculture.xml:11926
+#: freeculture.xml:12075

 msgid ""
 "These two justices understood all the arguments we had made. But because "
 "neither believed in the <citetitle>Lopez</citetitle> case, neither was "
 msgid ""
 "These two justices understood all the arguments we had made. But because "
 "neither believed in the <citetitle>Lopez</citetitle> case, neither was "


@@ -15895,20 +16593,20 @@ msgid ""
 msgstr ""
 
 #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para>
 msgstr ""
 
 #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para>

-#: freeculture.xml:11933
+#: freeculture.xml:12082

 msgid ""
 msgid ""

-"Defeat brings depression. They say it is a sign of health when depression "
-"gives way to anger. My anger came quickly, but it didn't cure the "
-"depression. This anger was of two sorts."
+"<emphasis role='strong'>Defeat brings depression</emphasis>. They say it is "
+"a sign of health when depression gives way to anger. My anger came quickly, "
+"but it didn't cure the depression. This anger was of two sorts."

 msgstr ""
 
 #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><indexterm><primary>
 msgstr ""
 
 #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><indexterm><primary>

-#: freeculture.xml:11937
+#: freeculture.xml:12087

 msgid "originalism"
 msgstr ""
 
 #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para>
 msgid "originalism"
 msgstr ""
 
 #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para>

-#: freeculture.xml:11939
+#: freeculture.xml:12089

 msgid ""
 "It was first anger with the five <quote>Conservatives.</quote> It would have "
 "been one thing for them to have explained why the principle of "
 msgid ""
 "It was first anger with the five <quote>Conservatives.</quote> It would have "
 "been one thing for them to have explained why the principle of "


@@ -15926,7 +16624,7 @@ msgstr ""
 
 #.  PAGE BREAK 251 
 #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para>
 
 #.  PAGE BREAK 251 
 #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para>

-#: freeculture.xml:11952
+#: freeculture.xml:12102

 msgid ""
 "Here, they had joined an opinion that never once tried to explain what the "
 "framers had meant by crafting the Progress Clause as they did; they joined "
 msgid ""
 "Here, they had joined an opinion that never once tried to explain what the "
 "framers had meant by crafting the Progress Clause as they did; they joined "


@@ -15941,7 +16639,7 @@ msgid ""
 msgstr ""
 
 #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para>
 msgstr ""
 
 #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para>

-#: freeculture.xml:11967
+#: freeculture.xml:12117

 msgid ""
 "My anger with the Conservatives quickly yielded to anger with myself.  For I "
 "had let a view of the law that I liked interfere with a view of the law as "
 msgid ""
 "My anger with the Conservatives quickly yielded to anger with myself.  For I "
 "had let a view of the law that I liked interfere with a view of the law as "


@@ -15949,7 +16647,7 @@ msgid ""
 msgstr ""
 
 #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para>
 msgstr ""
 
 #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para>

-#: freeculture.xml:11974
+#: freeculture.xml:12124

 msgid ""
 "Most lawyers, and most law professors, have little patience for idealism "
 "about courts in general and this Supreme Court in particular.  Most have a "
 msgid ""
 "Most lawyers, and most law professors, have little patience for idealism "
 "about courts in general and this Supreme Court in particular.  Most have a "


@@ -15964,7 +16662,7 @@ msgstr ""
 
 #.  PAGE BREAK 252 
 #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para>
 
 #.  PAGE BREAK 252 
 #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para>

-#: freeculture.xml:11985
+#: freeculture.xml:12135

 msgid ""
 "As I read back over the transcript from that argument in October, I can see "
 "a hundred places where the answers could have taken the conversation in "
 msgid ""
 "As I read back over the transcript from that argument in October, I can see "
 "a hundred places where the answers could have taken the conversation in "


@@ -15983,15 +16681,15 @@ msgid ""
 msgstr ""
 
 #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para>
 msgstr ""
 
 #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para>

-#: freeculture.xml:12005
+#: freeculture.xml:12156

 msgid ""
 "Would it have been different if I had argued it differently? Would it have "
 "been different if Don Ayer had argued it? Or Charles Fried? Or Kathleen "
 msgid ""
 "Would it have been different if I had argued it differently? Would it have "
 "been different if Don Ayer had argued it? Or Charles Fried? Or Kathleen "

-"Sullivan? <placeholder type=\"indexterm\" id=\"0\"/>"
+"Sullivan?"

 msgstr ""
 
 #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para>
 msgstr ""
 
 #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para>

-#: freeculture.xml:12011
+#: freeculture.xml:12161

 msgid ""
 "My friends huddled around me to insist it would not. The Court was not "
 "ready, my friends insisted. This was a loss that was destined. It would take "
 msgid ""
 "My friends huddled around me to insist it would not. The Court was not "
 "ready, my friends insisted. This was a loss that was destined. It would take "


@@ -16000,7 +16698,7 @@ msgid ""
 msgstr ""
 
 #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para>
 msgstr ""
 
 #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para>

-#: freeculture.xml:12017
+#: freeculture.xml:12167

 msgid ""
 "Maybe, but I doubt it. These Justices have no financial interest in doing "
 "anything except the right thing. They are not lobbied. They have little "
 msgid ""
 "Maybe, but I doubt it. These Justices have no financial interest in doing "
 "anything except the right thing. They are not lobbied. They have little "


@@ -16010,19 +16708,17 @@ msgid ""
 msgstr ""
 
 #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para>
 msgstr ""
 
 #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para>

-#: freeculture.xml:12024
+#: freeculture.xml:12175

 msgid ""
 "And even if I couldn't, then that doesn't excuse what happened in "
 "January. For at the start of this case, one of America's leading "
 "intellectual property professors stated publicly that my bringing this case "
 "was a mistake. <quote>The Court is not ready,</quote> Peter Jaszi said; this "
 msgid ""
 "And even if I couldn't, then that doesn't excuse what happened in "
 "January. For at the start of this case, one of America's leading "
 "intellectual property professors stated publicly that my bringing this case "
 "was a mistake. <quote>The Court is not ready,</quote> Peter Jaszi said; this "

-"issue should not be raised until it is.  <placeholder type=\"indexterm\" "
-"id=\"0\"/>"
+"issue should not be raised until it is."

 msgstr ""
 
 msgstr ""
 

-#.  PAGE BREAK 253 

 #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para>
 #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para>

-#: freeculture.xml:12032
+#: freeculture.xml:12182

 msgid ""
 "After the argument and after the decision, Peter said to me, and publicly, "
 "that he was wrong. But if indeed that Court could not have been persuaded, "
 msgid ""
 "After the argument and after the decision, Peter said to me, and publicly, "
 "that he was wrong. But if indeed that Court could not have been persuaded, "


@@ -16030,19 +16726,26 @@ msgid ""
 "was right. Either I was not ready to argue this case in a way that would do "
 "some good or they were not ready to hear this case in a way that would do "
 "some good. Either way, the decision to bring this case&mdash;a decision I "
 "was right. Either I was not ready to argue this case in a way that would do "
 "some good or they were not ready to hear this case in a way that would do "
 "some good. Either way, the decision to bring this case&mdash;a decision I "

-"had made four years before&mdash;was wrong.  While the reaction to the Sonny "
-"Bono Act itself was almost unanimously negative, the reaction to the Court's "
-"decision was mixed.  No one, at least in the press, tried to say that "
-"extending the term of copyright was a good idea. We had won that battle over "
-"ideas. Where the decision was praised, it was praised by papers that had "
-"been skeptical of the Court's activism in other cases. Deference was a good "
-"thing, even if it left standing a silly law. But where the decision was "
-"attacked, it was attacked because it left standing a silly and harmful "
-"law. <citetitle>The New York Times</citetitle> wrote in its editorial,"
+"had made four years before&mdash;was wrong."
+msgstr ""
+
+#.  PAGE BREAK 253 
+#. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para>
+#: freeculture.xml:12191
+msgid ""
+"<emphasis role='strong'>While the reaction</emphasis> to the Sonny Bono Act "
+"itself was almost unanimously negative, the reaction to the Court's decision "
+"was mixed.  No one, at least in the press, tried to say that extending the "
+"term of copyright was a good idea. We had won that battle over ideas. Where "
+"the decision was praised, it was praised by papers that had been skeptical "
+"of the Court's activism in other cases. Deference was a good thing, even if "
+"it left standing a silly law. But where the decision was attacked, it was "
+"attacked because it left standing a silly and harmful law. <citetitle>The "
+"New York Times</citetitle> wrote in its editorial,"

 msgstr ""
 
 #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><blockquote><para>
 msgstr ""
 
 #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><blockquote><para>

-#: freeculture.xml:12053
+#: freeculture.xml:12206

 msgid ""
 "In effect, the Supreme Court's decision makes it likely that we are seeing "
 "the beginning of the end of public domain and the birth of copyright "
 msgid ""
 "In effect, the Supreme Court's decision makes it likely that we are seeing "
 "the beginning of the end of public domain and the birth of copyright "


@@ -16053,12 +16756,12 @@ msgid ""
 msgstr ""
 
 #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><figure><indexterm><primary>
 msgstr ""
 
 #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><figure><indexterm><primary>

-#: freeculture.xml:12067 freeculture.xml:12072
+#: freeculture.xml:12220 freeculture.xml:12225

 msgid "Bolling, Ruben"
 msgstr ""
 
 #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para>
 msgid "Bolling, Ruben"
 msgstr ""
 
 #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para>

-#: freeculture.xml:12062
+#: freeculture.xml:12215

 msgid ""
 "The best responses were in the cartoons. There was a gaggle of hilarious "
 "images&mdash;of Mickey in jail and the like. The best, from my view of the "
 msgid ""
 "The best responses were in the cartoons. There was a gaggle of hilarious "
 "images&mdash;of Mickey in jail and the like. The best, from my view of the "


@@ -16069,19 +16772,19 @@ msgid ""
 msgstr ""
 
 #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><figure><title>
 msgstr ""
 
 #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><figure><title>

-#: freeculture.xml:12070
+#: freeculture.xml:12223

 msgid "Tom the Dancing Bug cartoon"
 msgstr ""
 
 #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><figure>
 msgid "Tom the Dancing Bug cartoon"
 msgstr ""
 
 #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><figure>

-#: freeculture.xml:12071
+#: freeculture.xml:12224

 msgid ""
 "<graphic fileref=\"images/18.png\"></graphic> <placeholder "
 "type=\"indexterm\" id=\"0\"/>"
 msgstr ""
 
 #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para>
 msgid ""
 "<graphic fileref=\"images/18.png\"></graphic> <placeholder "
 "type=\"indexterm\" id=\"0\"/>"
 msgstr ""
 
 #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para>

-#: freeculture.xml:12075
+#: freeculture.xml:12228

 msgid ""
 "The image that will always stick in my head is that evoked by the quote from "
 "<citetitle>The New York Times</citetitle>. That <quote>grand "
 msgid ""
 "The image that will always stick in my head is that evoked by the quote from "
 "<citetitle>The New York Times</citetitle>. That <quote>grand "


@@ -16094,24 +16797,25 @@ msgid ""
 msgstr ""
 
 #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><title>
 msgstr ""
 
 #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><title>

-#: freeculture.xml:12086
+#: freeculture.xml:12239

 msgid "CHAPTER FOURTEEN: Eldred II"
 msgstr ""
 
 #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para>
 msgid "CHAPTER FOURTEEN: Eldred II"
 msgstr ""
 
 #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para>

-#: freeculture.xml:12088
+#: freeculture.xml:12241

 msgid ""
 msgid ""

-"The day <citetitle>Eldred</citetitle> was decided, fate would have it that I "
-"was to travel to Washington, D.C. (The day the rehearing petition in "
-"<citetitle>Eldred</citetitle> was denied&mdash;meaning the case was really "
-"finally over&mdash;fate would have it that I was giving a speech to "
-"technologists at Disney World.)  This was a particularly long flight to my "
-"least favorite city. The drive into the city from Dulles was delayed because "
-"of traffic, so I opened up my computer and wrote an op-ed piece."
+"<emphasis role='strong'>The day</emphasis> <citetitle>Eldred</citetitle> was "
+"decided, fate would have it that I was to travel to Washington, D.C. (The "
+"day the rehearing petition in <citetitle>Eldred</citetitle> was "
+"denied&mdash;meaning the case was really finally over&mdash;fate would have "
+"it that I was giving a speech to technologists at Disney World.)  This was a "
+"particularly long flight to my least favorite city. The drive into the city "
+"from Dulles was delayed because of traffic, so I opened up my computer and "
+"wrote an op-ed piece."

 msgstr ""
 
 #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para>
 msgstr ""
 
 #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para>

-#: freeculture.xml:12098
+#: freeculture.xml:12253

 msgid ""
 "It was an act of contrition. During the whole of the flight from San "
 "Francisco to Washington, I had heard over and over again in my head the same "
 msgid ""
 "It was an act of contrition. During the whole of the flight from San "
 "Francisco to Washington, I had heard over and over again in my head the same "


@@ -16125,7 +16829,7 @@ msgstr ""
 
 #.  PAGE BREAK 256 
 #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para>
 
 #.  PAGE BREAK 256 
 #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para>

-#: freeculture.xml:12108
+#: freeculture.xml:12263

 msgid ""
 "<citetitle>The New York Times</citetitle> published the piece. In it, I "
 "proposed a simple fix: Fifty years after a work has been published, the "
 msgid ""
 "<citetitle>The New York Times</citetitle> published the piece. In it, I "
 "proposed a simple fix: Fifty years after a work has been published, the "


@@ -16135,7 +16839,7 @@ msgid ""
 msgstr ""
 
 #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para>
 msgstr ""
 
 #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para>

-#: freeculture.xml:12116
+#: freeculture.xml:12271

 msgid ""
 "We called this the Eldred Act, but that was just to give it a name.  Eric "
 "Eldred was kind enough to let his name be used once again, but as he said "
 msgid ""
 "We called this the Eldred Act, but that was just to give it a name.  Eric "
 "Eldred was kind enough to let his name be used once again, but as he said "


@@ -16143,7 +16847,7 @@ msgid ""
 msgstr ""
 
 #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para>
 msgstr ""
 
 #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para>

-#: freeculture.xml:12121
+#: freeculture.xml:12276

 msgid ""
 "Or another two names. For depending upon your perspective, this is either "
 "the <quote>Public Domain Enhancement Act</quote> or the <quote>Copyright "
 msgid ""
 "Or another two names. For depending upon your perspective, this is either "
 "the <quote>Public Domain Enhancement Act</quote> or the <quote>Copyright "


@@ -16155,12 +16859,12 @@ msgid ""
 msgstr ""
 
 #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><indexterm><primary>
 msgstr ""
 
 #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><indexterm><primary>

-#: freeculture.xml:12129 freeculture.xml:12329
+#: freeculture.xml:12284 freeculture.xml:12485

 msgid "Forbes, Steve"
 msgstr ""
 
 #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para>
 msgid "Forbes, Steve"
 msgstr ""
 
 #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para>

-#: freeculture.xml:12131
+#: freeculture.xml:12286

 msgid ""
 "The reaction to this idea was amazingly strong. Steve Forbes endorsed it in "
 "an editorial. I received an avalanche of e-mail and letters expressing "
 msgid ""
 "The reaction to this idea was amazingly strong. Steve Forbes endorsed it in "
 "an editorial. I received an avalanche of e-mail and letters expressing "


@@ -16174,7 +16878,7 @@ msgid ""
 msgstr ""
 
 #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para>
 msgstr ""
 
 #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para>

-#: freeculture.xml:12143
+#: freeculture.xml:12298

 msgid ""
 "Indeed, many recognized the obvious benefit of the registration "
 "requirement.  For one of the hardest things about the current system for "
 msgid ""
 "Indeed, many recognized the obvious benefit of the registration "
 "requirement.  For one of the hardest things about the current system for "


@@ -16187,40 +16891,45 @@ msgid ""
 msgstr ""
 
 #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><indexterm><primary>
 msgstr ""
 
 #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><indexterm><primary>

-#: freeculture.xml:12153
+#: freeculture.xml:12308

 msgid "Berlin Act (1908)"
 msgstr ""
 
 #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><indexterm><primary>
 msgid "Berlin Act (1908)"
 msgstr ""
 
 #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><indexterm><primary>

-#: freeculture.xml:12154 freeculture.xml:12194
+#: freeculture.xml:12309 freeculture.xml:12350

 msgid "Berne Convention (1908)"
 msgstr ""
 
 msgid "Berne Convention (1908)"
 msgstr ""
 

-#.  f1. 
+#. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para><footnote><para><indexterm><primary>
+#: freeculture.xml:12317
+msgid "German copyright law"
+msgstr ""
+

 #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para><footnote><para>
 #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para><footnote><para>

-#: freeculture.xml:12162
-msgid ""
-"Until the 1908 Berlin Act of the Berne Convention, national copyright "
-"legislation sometimes made protection depend upon compliance with "
-"formalities such as registration, deposit, and affixation of notice of the "
-"author's claim of copyright. However, starting with the 1908 act, every text "
-"of the Convention has provided that <quote>the enjoyment and the "
-"exercise</quote> of rights guaranteed by the Convention <quote>shall not be "
-"subject to any formality.</quote> The prohibition against formalities is "
-"presently embodied in Article 5(2) of the Paris Text of the Berne "
-"Convention. Many countries continue to impose some form of deposit or "
-"registration requirement, albeit not as a condition of copyright. French "
-"law, for example, requires the deposit of copies of works in national "
-"repositories, principally the National Museum.  Copies of books published in "
-"the United Kingdom must be deposited in the British Library. The German "
-"Copyright Act provides for a Registrar of Authors where the author's true "
-"name can be filed in the case of anonymous or pseudonymous works. Paul "
-"Goldstein, <citetitle>International Intellectual Property Law, Cases and "
-"Materials</citetitle> (New York: Foundation Press, 2001), 153&ndash;54."
-msgstr ""
-
-#. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para>
-#: freeculture.xml:12157
+#: freeculture.xml:12317
+msgid ""
+"<placeholder type=\"indexterm\" id=\"0\"/> Until the 1908 Berlin Act of the "
+"Berne Convention, national copyright legislation sometimes made protection "
+"depend upon compliance with formalities such as registration, deposit, and "
+"affixation of notice of the author's claim of copyright. However, starting "
+"with the 1908 act, every text of the Convention has provided that <quote>the "
+"enjoyment and the exercise</quote> of rights guaranteed by the Convention "
+"<quote>shall not be subject to any formality.</quote> The prohibition "
+"against formalities is presently embodied in Article 5(2) of the Paris Text "
+"of the Berne Convention. Many countries continue to impose some form of "
+"deposit or registration requirement, albeit not as a condition of "
+"copyright. French law, for example, requires the deposit of copies of works "
+"in national repositories, principally the National Museum.  Copies of books "
+"published in the United Kingdom must be deposited in the British "
+"Library. The German Copyright Act provides for a Registrar of Authors where "
+"the author's true name can be filed in the case of anonymous or pseudonymous "
+"works. Paul Goldstein, <citetitle>International Intellectual Property Law, "
+"Cases and Materials</citetitle> (New York: Foundation Press, 2001), "
+"153&ndash;54."
+msgstr ""
+
+#. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para>
+#: freeculture.xml:12312

 msgid ""
 "As I described in chapter <xref xrefstyle=\"select: labelnumber\" "
 "linkend=\"property-i\"/>, formalities in copyright law were removed in 1976, "
 msgid ""
 "As I described in chapter <xref xrefstyle=\"select: labelnumber\" "
 "linkend=\"property-i\"/>, formalities in copyright law were removed in 1976, "


@@ -16235,7 +16944,7 @@ msgid ""
 msgstr ""
 
 #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para>
 msgstr ""
 
 #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para>

-#: freeculture.xml:12188
+#: freeculture.xml:12344

 msgid ""
 "That's great rhetoric. It sounds wonderfully romantic. But it is absurd "
 "copyright policy. It is absurd especially for authors, because a world "
 msgid ""
 "That's great rhetoric. It sounds wonderfully romantic. But it is absurd "
 "copyright policy. It is absurd especially for authors, because a world "


@@ -16245,7 +16954,7 @@ msgid ""
 msgstr ""
 
 #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para>
 msgstr ""
 
 #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para>

-#: freeculture.xml:12196
+#: freeculture.xml:12352

 msgid ""
 "The fight against formalities achieved its first real victory in Berlin in "
 "1908. International copyright lawyers amended the Berne Convention in 1908, "
 msgid ""
 "The fight against formalities achieved its first real victory in Berlin in "
 "1908. International copyright lawyers amended the Berne Convention in 1908, "


@@ -16258,7 +16967,7 @@ msgid ""
 msgstr ""
 
 #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para>
 msgstr ""
 
 #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para>

-#: freeculture.xml:12206
+#: freeculture.xml:12362

 msgid ""
 "These complaints were real and sensible. And the strictness of the "
 "formalities, especially in the United States, was absurd. The law should "
 msgid ""
 "These complaints were real and sensible. And the strictness of the "
 "formalities, especially in the United States, was absurd. The law should "


@@ -16269,7 +16978,7 @@ msgid ""
 msgstr ""
 
 #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para>
 msgstr ""
 
 #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para>

-#: freeculture.xml:12214
+#: freeculture.xml:12370

 msgid ""
 "Even that would have been resisted, however, because registration in the "
 "nineteenth and twentieth centuries was still expensive. It was also a "
 msgid ""
 "Even that would have been resisted, however, because registration in the "
 "nineteenth and twentieth centuries was still expensive. It was also a "


@@ -16280,7 +16989,7 @@ msgstr ""
 
 #.  PAGE BREAK 258 
 #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para>
 
 #.  PAGE BREAK 258 
 #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para>

-#: freeculture.xml:12222
+#: freeculture.xml:12378

 msgid ""
 "In addition to the practical complaint of authors in 1908, there was a moral "
 "claim as well. There was no reason that creative property should be a "
 msgid ""
 "In addition to the practical complaint of authors in 1908, there was a moral "
 "claim as well. There was no reason that creative property should be a "


@@ -16292,7 +17001,7 @@ msgid ""
 msgstr ""
 
 #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para>
 msgstr ""
 
 #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para>

-#: freeculture.xml:12234
+#: freeculture.xml:12390

 msgid ""
 "This argument is correct, but its implications are misleading. For the "
 "argument in favor of formalities does not depend upon creative property "
 msgid ""
 "This argument is correct, but its implications are misleading. For the "
 "argument in favor of formalities does not depend upon creative property "


@@ -16303,7 +17012,7 @@ msgid ""
 msgstr ""
 
 #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para>
 msgstr ""
 
 #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para>

-#: freeculture.xml:12243
+#: freeculture.xml:12399

 msgid ""
 "No one thinks, for example, that land is second-class property just because "
 "you have to register a deed with a court if your sale of land is to be "
 msgid ""
 "No one thinks, for example, that land is second-class property just because "
 "you have to register a deed with a court if your sale of land is to be "


@@ -16321,7 +17030,7 @@ msgid ""
 msgstr ""
 
 #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para>
 msgstr ""
 
 #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para>

-#: freeculture.xml:12259
+#: freeculture.xml:12415

 msgid ""
 "It is similarly special physics that makes formalities important in "
 "copyright law. Unlike a carpenter's table, there's nothing in nature that "
 msgid ""
 "It is similarly special physics that makes formalities important in "
 "copyright law. Unlike a carpenter's table, there's nothing in nature that "


@@ -16336,7 +17045,7 @@ msgid ""
 msgstr ""
 
 #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para>
 msgstr ""
 
 #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para>

-#: freeculture.xml:12274
+#: freeculture.xml:12430

 msgid ""
 "This was the understanding of the problem with the Sonny Bono Act that we "
 "tried to demonstrate to the Court. This was the part it didn't "
 msgid ""
 "This was the understanding of the problem with the Sonny Bono Act that we "
 "tried to demonstrate to the Court. This was the part it didn't "


@@ -16349,7 +17058,7 @@ msgid ""
 msgstr ""
 
 #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para>
 msgstr ""
 
 #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para>

-#: freeculture.xml:12284
+#: freeculture.xml:12440

 msgid ""
 "But now that copyrights can be just about a century long, the inability to "
 "know what is protected and what is not protected becomes a huge and obvious "
 msgid ""
 "But now that copyrights can be just about a century long, the inability to "
 "know what is protected and what is not protected becomes a huge and obvious "


@@ -16361,7 +17070,7 @@ msgid ""
 msgstr ""
 
 #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para>
 msgstr ""
 
 #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para>

-#: freeculture.xml:12293
+#: freeculture.xml:12449

 msgid ""
 "The Eldred Act was designed to respond to exactly this problem. If it is "
 "worth $1 to you, then register your work and you can get the longer "
 msgid ""
 "The Eldred Act was designed to respond to exactly this problem. If it is "
 "worth $1 to you, then register your work and you can get the longer "


@@ -16371,7 +17080,7 @@ msgid ""
 msgstr ""
 
 #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para>
 msgstr ""
 
 #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para>

-#: freeculture.xml:12300
+#: freeculture.xml:12456

 msgid ""
 "If it isn't worth it to you to register to get the benefit of an extended "
 "term, then it shouldn't be worth it for the government to defend your "
 msgid ""
 "If it isn't worth it to you to register to get the benefit of an extended "
 "term, then it shouldn't be worth it for the government to defend your "


@@ -16381,7 +17090,7 @@ msgid ""
 msgstr ""
 
 #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para>
 msgstr ""
 
 #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para>

-#: freeculture.xml:12307
+#: freeculture.xml:12463

 msgid ""
 "Some worry about the burden on authors. Won't the burden of registering the "
 "work mean that the $1 is really misleading? Isn't the hassle worth more than "
 msgid ""
 "Some worry about the burden on authors. Won't the burden of registering the "
 "work mean that the $1 is really misleading? Isn't the hassle worth more than "


@@ -16390,7 +17099,7 @@ msgstr ""
 
 #.  PAGE BREAK 260 
 #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para>
 
 #.  PAGE BREAK 260 
 #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para>

-#: freeculture.xml:12313
+#: freeculture.xml:12469

 msgid ""
 "It is. The hassle is terrible. The system that exists now is awful. I "
 "completely agree that the Copyright Office has done a terrible job (no doubt "
 msgid ""
 "It is. The hassle is terrible. The system that exists now is awful. I "
 "completely agree that the Copyright Office has done a terrible job (no doubt "


@@ -16408,33 +17117,33 @@ msgid ""
 msgstr ""
 
 #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para>
 msgstr ""
 
 #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para>

-#: freeculture.xml:12331
+#: freeculture.xml:12487

 msgid ""
 msgid ""

-"When Steve Forbes endorsed the idea, some in Washington began to pay "
-"attention. Many people contacted me pointing to representatives who might be "
-"willing to introduce the Eldred Act. And I had a few who directly suggested "
-"that they might be willing to take the first step."
+"<emphasis role='strong'>When Steve Forbes</emphasis> endorsed the idea, some "
+"in Washington began to pay attention. Many people contacted me pointing to "
+"representatives who might be willing to introduce the Eldred Act. And I had "
+"a few who directly suggested that they might be willing to take the first "
+"step."

 msgstr ""
 
 msgstr ""
 

-#. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para><indexterm><primary>
-#: freeculture.xml:12344
+#. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><indexterm><primary>
+#: freeculture.xml:12493

 msgid "Lofgren, Zoe"
 msgstr ""
 
 #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para>
 msgid "Lofgren, Zoe"
 msgstr ""
 
 #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para>

-#: freeculture.xml:12337
+#: freeculture.xml:12495

 msgid ""
 "One representative, Zoe Lofgren of California, went so far as to get the "
 "bill drafted. The draft solved any problem with international law. It "
 "imposed the simplest requirement upon copyright owners possible. In May "
 "2003, it looked as if the bill would be introduced. On May 16, I posted on "
 "the Eldred Act blog, <quote>we are close.</quote> There was a general "
 msgid ""
 "One representative, Zoe Lofgren of California, went so far as to get the "
 "bill drafted. The draft solved any problem with international law. It "
 "imposed the simplest requirement upon copyright owners possible. In May "
 "2003, it looked as if the bill would be introduced. On May 16, I posted on "
 "the Eldred Act blog, <quote>we are close.</quote> There was a general "

-"reaction in the blog community that something good might happen here.  "
-"<placeholder type=\"indexterm\" id=\"0\"/>"
+"reaction in the blog community that something good might happen here."

 msgstr ""
 
 #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para>
 msgstr ""
 
 #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para>

-#: freeculture.xml:12347
+#: freeculture.xml:12504

 msgid ""
 "But at this stage, the lobbyists began to intervene. Jack Valenti and the "
 "MPAA general counsel came to the congresswoman's office to give the view of "
 msgid ""
 "But at this stage, the lobbyists began to intervene. Jack Valenti and the "
 "MPAA general counsel came to the congresswoman's office to give the view of "


@@ -16446,7 +17155,7 @@ msgstr ""
 
 #.  PAGE BREAK 261 
 #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para>
 
 #.  PAGE BREAK 261 
 #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para>

-#: freeculture.xml:12355
+#: freeculture.xml:12512

 msgid ""
 "The MPAA argued first that Congress had <quote>firmly rejected the central "
 "concept in the proposed bill</quote>&mdash;that copyrights be renewed. That "
 msgid ""
 "The MPAA argued first that Congress had <quote>firmly rejected the central "
 "concept in the proposed bill</quote>&mdash;that copyrights be renewed. That "


@@ -16468,7 +17177,7 @@ msgid ""
 msgstr ""
 
 #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para>
 msgstr ""
 
 #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para>

-#: freeculture.xml:12376
+#: freeculture.xml:12533

 msgid ""
 "Finally, the MPAA argued that existing law enabled copyright owners to do "
 "this if they wanted. But the whole point is that there are thousands of "
 msgid ""
 "Finally, the MPAA argued that existing law enabled copyright owners to do "
 "this if they wanted. But the whole point is that there are thousands of "


@@ -16479,19 +17188,20 @@ msgid ""
 msgstr ""
 
 #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para>
 msgstr ""
 
 #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para>

-#: freeculture.xml:12384
+#: freeculture.xml:12541

 msgid ""
 msgid ""

-"At the beginning of this book, I told two stories about the law reacting to "
-"changes in technology. In the one, common sense prevailed.  In the other, "
-"common sense was delayed. The difference between the two stories was the "
-"power of the opposition&mdash;the power of the side that fought to defend "
-"the status quo. In both cases, a new technology threatened old "
-"interests. But in only one case did those interest's have the power to "
-"protect themselves against this new competitive threat."
+"<emphasis role='strong'>At the beginning</emphasis> of this book, I told two "
+"stories about the law reacting to changes in technology. In the one, common "
+"sense prevailed.  In the other, common sense was delayed. The difference "
+"between the two stories was the power of the opposition&mdash;the power of "
+"the side that fought to defend the status quo. In both cases, a new "
+"technology threatened old interests. But in only one case did those "
+"interest's have the power to protect themselves against this new competitive "
+"threat."

 msgstr ""
 
 #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para>
 msgstr ""
 
 #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para>

-#: freeculture.xml:12394
+#: freeculture.xml:12551

 msgid ""
 "I used these two cases as a way to frame the war that this book has been "
 "about. For here, too, a new technology is forcing the law to react.  And "
 msgid ""
 "I used these two cases as a way to frame the war that this book has been "
 "about. For here, too, a new technology is forcing the law to react.  And "


@@ -16501,7 +17211,7 @@ msgstr ""
 
 #.  PAGE BREAK 262 
 #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para>
 
 #.  PAGE BREAK 262 
 #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para>

-#: freeculture.xml:12403
+#: freeculture.xml:12560

 msgid ""
 "When the issue is piracy, it is right for the law to back the copyright "
 "owners. The commercial piracy that I described is wrong and harmful, and the "
 msgid ""
 "When the issue is piracy, it is right for the law to back the copyright "
 "owners. The commercial piracy that I described is wrong and harmful, and the "


@@ -16515,12 +17225,12 @@ msgid ""
 msgstr ""
 
 #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><indexterm><primary>
 msgstr ""
 
 #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><indexterm><primary>

-#: freeculture.xml:12413
+#: freeculture.xml:12570

 msgid "Kelly, Kevin"
 msgstr ""
 
 #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para>
 msgid "Kelly, Kevin"
 msgstr ""
 
 #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para>

-#: freeculture.xml:12415
+#: freeculture.xml:12572

 msgid ""
 "But when the copyright owners oppose a proposal such as the Eldred Act, "
 "then, finally, there is an example that lays bare the naked selfinterest "
 msgid ""
 "But when the copyright owners oppose a proposal such as the Eldred Act, "
 "then, finally, there is an example that lays bare the naked selfinterest "


@@ -16533,12 +17243,12 @@ msgid ""
 msgstr ""
 
 #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para>
 msgstr ""
 
 #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para>

-#: freeculture.xml:12425
+#: freeculture.xml:12582

 msgid "What does this industry really want?"
 msgstr ""
 
 #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para>
 msgid "What does this industry really want?"
 msgstr ""
 
 #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para>

-#: freeculture.xml:12428
+#: freeculture.xml:12585

 msgid ""
 "With very little effort, the warriors could protect their content. So the "
 "effort to block something like the Eldred Act is not really about protecting "
 msgid ""
 "With very little effort, the warriors could protect their content. So the "
 "effort to block something like the Eldred Act is not really about protecting "


@@ -16551,7 +17261,7 @@ msgid ""
 msgstr ""
 
 #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para>
 msgstr ""
 
 #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para>

-#: freeculture.xml:12439
+#: freeculture.xml:12596

 msgid ""
 "The opposition to the Eldred Act reveals how extreme the other side is. The "
 "most powerful and sexy and well loved of lobbies really has as its aim not "
 msgid ""
 "The opposition to the Eldred Act reveals how extreme the other side is. The "
 "most powerful and sexy and well loved of lobbies really has as its aim not "


@@ -16562,7 +17272,7 @@ msgstr ""
 
 #.  PAGE BREAK 263 
 #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para>
 
 #.  PAGE BREAK 263 
 #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para>

-#: freeculture.xml:12447
+#: freeculture.xml:12604

 msgid ""
 "It is not hard to understand why the warriors take this view. It is not hard "
 "to see why it would benefit them if the competition of the public domain "
 msgid ""
 "It is not hard to understand why the warriors take this view. It is not hard "
 "to see why it would benefit them if the competition of the public domain "


@@ -16573,7 +17283,7 @@ msgid ""
 msgstr ""
 
 #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para>
 msgstr ""
 
 #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para>

-#: freeculture.xml:12459
+#: freeculture.xml:12616

 msgid ""
 "What is hard to understand is why the public takes this view. It is as if "
 "the law made airplanes trespassers. The MPAA stands with the Causbys and "
 msgid ""
 "What is hard to understand is why the public takes this view. It is as if "
 "the law made airplanes trespassers. The MPAA stands with the Causbys and "


@@ -16583,7 +17293,7 @@ msgid ""
 msgstr ""
 
 #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para>
 msgstr ""
 
 #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para>

-#: freeculture.xml:12466
+#: freeculture.xml:12623

 msgid ""
 "All this seems to follow easily from this untroubled acceptance of the "
 "<quote>property</quote> in intellectual property. Common sense supports it, "
 msgid ""
 "All this seems to follow easily from this untroubled acceptance of the "
 "<quote>property</quote> in intellectual property. Common sense supports it, "


@@ -16595,37 +17305,37 @@ msgid ""
 msgstr ""
 
 #. type: Content of: <book><chapter><title>
 msgstr ""
 
 #. type: Content of: <book><chapter><title>

-#: freeculture.xml:12478
+#: freeculture.xml:12635

 msgid "CONCLUSION"
 msgstr ""
 
 #. type: Content of: <book><chapter><indexterm><primary>
 msgid "CONCLUSION"
 msgstr ""
 
 #. type: Content of: <book><chapter><indexterm><primary>

-#: freeculture.xml:12480
+#: freeculture.xml:12636

 msgid "antiretroviral drugs"
 msgstr ""
 
 #. type: Content of: <book><chapter><indexterm><primary>
 msgid "antiretroviral drugs"
 msgstr ""
 
 #. type: Content of: <book><chapter><indexterm><primary>

-#: freeculture.xml:12483
+#: freeculture.xml:12637

 msgid "HIV/AIDS therapies"
 msgstr ""
 
 #. type: Content of: <book><chapter><indexterm><primary>
 msgid "HIV/AIDS therapies"
 msgstr ""
 
 #. type: Content of: <book><chapter><indexterm><primary>

-#: freeculture.xml:12486
+#: freeculture.xml:12638

 msgid "Africa, medications for HIV patients in"
 msgstr ""
 
 #. type: Content of: <book><chapter><para>
 msgid "Africa, medications for HIV patients in"
 msgstr ""
 
 #. type: Content of: <book><chapter><para>

-#: freeculture.xml:12489
+#: freeculture.xml:12640

 msgid ""
 msgid ""

-"There are more than 35 million people with the AIDS virus "
-"worldwide. Twenty-five million of them live in sub-Saharan Africa.  "
-"Seventeen million have already died. Seventeen million Africans is "
-"proportional percentage-wise to seven million Americans. More importantly, "
-"it is seventeen million Africans."
+"<emphasis role='strong'>There are more</emphasis> than 35 million people "
+"with the AIDS virus worldwide. Twenty-five million of them live in "
+"sub-Saharan Africa.  Seventeen million have already died. Seventeen million "
+"Africans is proportional percentage-wise to seven million Americans. More "
+"importantly, it is seventeen million Africans."

 msgstr ""
 
 #. type: Content of: <book><chapter><para>
 msgstr ""
 
 #. type: Content of: <book><chapter><para>

-#: freeculture.xml:12496
+#: freeculture.xml:12647

 msgid ""
 "There is no cure for AIDS, but there are drugs to slow its progression.  "
 "These antiretroviral therapies are still experimental, but they have already "
 msgid ""
 "There is no cure for AIDS, but there are drugs to slow its progression.  "
 "These antiretroviral therapies are still experimental, but they have already "


@@ -16636,7 +17346,7 @@ msgstr ""
 
 #.  f1. 
 #. type: Content of: <book><chapter><para><footnote><para>
 
 #.  f1. 
 #. type: Content of: <book><chapter><para><footnote><para>

-#: freeculture.xml:12511
+#: freeculture.xml:12662

 msgid ""
 "Commission on Intellectual Property Rights, <quote>Final Report: Integrating "
 "Intellectual Property Rights and Development Policy</quote> (London, 2002), "
 msgid ""
 "Commission on Intellectual Property Rights, <quote>Final Report: Integrating "
 "Intellectual Property Rights and Development Policy</quote> (London, 2002), "


@@ -16647,7 +17357,7 @@ msgid ""
 msgstr ""
 
 #. type: Content of: <book><chapter><para>
 msgstr ""
 
 #. type: Content of: <book><chapter><para>

-#: freeculture.xml:12504
+#: freeculture.xml:12655

 msgid ""
 "These drugs are expensive. When they were first introduced in the United "
 "States, they cost between $10,000 and $15,000 per person per year. Today, "
 msgid ""
 "These drugs are expensive. When they were first introduced in the United "
 "States, they cost between $10,000 and $15,000 per person per year. Today, "


@@ -16660,7 +17370,7 @@ msgstr ""
 
 #.  PAGE BREAK 265 
 #. type: Content of: <book><chapter><para>
 
 #.  PAGE BREAK 265 
 #. type: Content of: <book><chapter><para>

-#: freeculture.xml:12522
+#: freeculture.xml:12673

 msgid ""
 "These prices are not high because the ingredients of the drugs are "
 "expensive. These prices are high because the drugs are protected by "
 msgid ""
 "These prices are not high because the ingredients of the drugs are "
 "expensive. These prices are high because the drugs are protected by "


@@ -16671,7 +17381,7 @@ msgid ""
 msgstr ""
 
 #. type: Content of: <book><chapter><para>
 msgstr ""
 
 #. type: Content of: <book><chapter><para>

-#: freeculture.xml:12530
+#: freeculture.xml:12681

 msgid ""
 "There are many who are skeptical of patents, especially drug patents. I am "
 "not. Indeed, of all the areas of research that might be supported by "
 msgid ""
 "There are many who are skeptical of patents, especially drug patents. I am "
 "not. Indeed, of all the areas of research that might be supported by "


@@ -16684,7 +17394,7 @@ msgid ""
 msgstr ""
 
 #. type: Content of: <book><chapter><para>
 msgstr ""
 
 #. type: Content of: <book><chapter><para>

-#: freeculture.xml:12541
+#: freeculture.xml:12692

 msgid ""
 "But it is one thing to support patents, even drug patents. It is another "
 "thing to determine how best to deal with a crisis. And as African leaders "
 msgid ""
 "But it is one thing to support patents, even drug patents. It is another "
 "thing to determine how best to deal with a crisis. And as African leaders "


@@ -16694,12 +17404,12 @@ msgid ""
 msgstr ""
 
 #. type: Content of: <book><chapter><indexterm><primary>
 msgstr ""
 
 #. type: Content of: <book><chapter><indexterm><primary>

-#: freeculture.xml:12559 freeculture.xml:13005
+#: freeculture.xml:12710 freeculture.xml:13165

 msgid "Braithwaite, John"
 msgstr ""
 
 #. type: Content of: <book><chapter><para><footnote><para>
 msgid "Braithwaite, John"
 msgstr ""
 
 #. type: Content of: <book><chapter><para><footnote><para>

-#: freeculture.xml:12557
+#: freeculture.xml:12708

 msgid ""
 "See Peter Drahos with John Braithwaite, <citetitle>Information Feudalism: "
 "Who Owns the Knowledge Economy?</citetitle> (New York: The New Press, 2003), "
 msgid ""
 "See Peter Drahos with John Braithwaite, <citetitle>Information Feudalism: "
 "Who Owns the Knowledge Economy?</citetitle> (New York: The New Press, 2003), "


@@ -16708,7 +17418,7 @@ msgid ""
 msgstr ""
 
 #. type: Content of: <book><chapter><para>
 msgstr ""
 
 #. type: Content of: <book><chapter><para>

-#: freeculture.xml:12548
+#: freeculture.xml:12699

 msgid ""
 "In 1997, South Africa tried one tack. It passed a law to allow the "
 "importation of patented medicines that had been produced or sold in another "
 msgid ""
 "In 1997, South Africa tried one tack. It passed a law to allow the "
 "importation of patented medicines that had been produced or sold in another "


@@ -16721,7 +17431,7 @@ msgstr ""
 
 #.  f3. 
 #. type: Content of: <book><chapter><para><footnote><para>
 
 #.  f3. 
 #. type: Content of: <book><chapter><para><footnote><para>

-#: freeculture.xml:12570
+#: freeculture.xml:12721

 msgid ""
 "International Intellectual Property Institute (IIPI), <citetitle>Patent "
 "Protection and Access to HIV/AIDS Pharmaceuticals in Sub-Saharan Africa, a "
 msgid ""
 "International Intellectual Property Institute (IIPI), <citetitle>Patent "
 "Protection and Access to HIV/AIDS Pharmaceuticals in Sub-Saharan Africa, a "


@@ -16736,7 +17446,7 @@ msgstr ""
 
 #.  f4. 
 #. type: Content of: <book><chapter><para><footnote><para>
 
 #.  f4. 
 #. type: Content of: <book><chapter><para><footnote><para>

-#: freeculture.xml:12597
+#: freeculture.xml:12748

 msgid ""
 "International Intellectual Property Institute (IIPI), <citetitle>Patent "
 "Protection and Access to HIV/AIDS Pharmaceuticals in Sub-Saharan Africa, a "
 msgid ""
 "International Intellectual Property Institute (IIPI), <citetitle>Patent "
 "Protection and Access to HIV/AIDS Pharmaceuticals in Sub-Saharan Africa, a "


@@ -16745,7 +17455,7 @@ msgid ""
 msgstr ""
 
 #. type: Content of: <book><chapter><para>
 msgstr ""
 
 #. type: Content of: <book><chapter><para>

-#: freeculture.xml:12564
+#: freeculture.xml:12715

 msgid ""
 "However, the United States government opposed the bill. Indeed, more than "
 "opposed. As the International Intellectual Property Association "
 msgid ""
 "However, the United States government opposed the bill. Indeed, more than "
 "opposed. As the International Intellectual Property Association "


@@ -16768,7 +17478,7 @@ msgid ""
 msgstr ""
 
 #. type: Content of: <book><chapter><para>
 msgstr ""
 
 #. type: Content of: <book><chapter><para>

-#: freeculture.xml:12603
+#: freeculture.xml:12754

 msgid ""
 "We should place the intervention by the United States in context.  No doubt "
 "patents are not the most important reason that Africans don't have access to "
 msgid ""
 "We should place the intervention by the United States in context.  No doubt "
 "patents are not the most important reason that Africans don't have access to "


@@ -16780,7 +17490,7 @@ msgid ""
 msgstr ""
 
 #. type: Content of: <book><chapter><para>
 msgstr ""
 
 #. type: Content of: <book><chapter><para>

-#: freeculture.xml:12613
+#: freeculture.xml:12764

 msgid ""
 "By stopping the flow of HIV treatment into Africa, the United States "
 "government was not saving drugs for United States citizens.  This is not "
 msgid ""
 "By stopping the flow of HIV treatment into Africa, the United States "
 "government was not saving drugs for United States citizens.  This is not "


@@ -16791,7 +17501,7 @@ msgid ""
 msgstr ""
 
 #. type: Content of: <book><chapter><para>
 msgstr ""
 
 #. type: Content of: <book><chapter><para>

-#: freeculture.xml:12621
+#: freeculture.xml:12772

 msgid ""
 "Nor was the intervention by the United States going to protect the profits "
 "of United States drug companies&mdash;at least, not substantially. It was "
 msgid ""
 "Nor was the intervention by the United States going to protect the profits "
 "of United States drug companies&mdash;at least, not substantially. It was "


@@ -16805,7 +17515,7 @@ msgstr ""
 #.  f5. 
 #.  PAGE BREAK 333 
 #. type: Content of: <book><chapter><para><footnote><para>
 #.  f5. 
 #.  PAGE BREAK 333 
 #. type: Content of: <book><chapter><para><footnote><para>

-#: freeculture.xml:12636
+#: freeculture.xml:12787

 msgid ""
 "See Sabin Russell, <quote>New Crusade to Lower AIDS Drug Costs: Africa's "
 "Needs at Odds with Firms' Profit Motive,</quote> <citetitle>San Francisco "
 msgid ""
 "See Sabin Russell, <quote>New Crusade to Lower AIDS Drug Costs: Africa's "
 "Needs at Odds with Firms' Profit Motive,</quote> <citetitle>San Francisco "


@@ -16823,7 +17533,7 @@ msgid ""
 msgstr ""
 
 #. type: Content of: <book><chapter><para>
 msgstr ""
 
 #. type: Content of: <book><chapter><para>

-#: freeculture.xml:12630
+#: freeculture.xml:12781

 msgid ""
 "Instead, the argument in favor of restricting this flow of information, "
 "which was needed to save the lives of millions, was an argument about the "
 msgid ""
 "Instead, the argument in favor of restricting this flow of information, "
 "which was needed to save the lives of millions, was an argument about the "


@@ -16835,7 +17545,7 @@ msgid ""
 msgstr ""
 
 #. type: Content of: <book><chapter><para>
 msgstr ""
 
 #. type: Content of: <book><chapter><para>

-#: freeculture.xml:12657
+#: freeculture.xml:12808

 msgid ""
 "Now just step back for a moment. There will be a time thirty years from now "
 "when our children look back at us and ask, how could we have let this "
 msgid ""
 "Now just step back for a moment. There will be a time thirty years from now "
 "when our children look back at us and ask, how could we have let this "


@@ -16848,7 +17558,7 @@ msgid ""
 msgstr ""
 
 #. type: Content of: <book><chapter><para>
 msgstr ""
 
 #. type: Content of: <book><chapter><para>

-#: freeculture.xml:12667
+#: freeculture.xml:12818

 msgid ""
 "Some blame the drug companies. I don't. They are corporations.  Their "
 "managers are ordered by law to make money for the corporation.  They push a "
 msgid ""
 "Some blame the drug companies. I don't. They are corporations.  Their "
 "managers are ordered by law to make money for the corporation.  They push a "


@@ -16859,7 +17569,7 @@ msgid ""
 msgstr ""
 
 #. type: Content of: <book><chapter><para>
 msgstr ""
 
 #. type: Content of: <book><chapter><para>

-#: freeculture.xml:12675
+#: freeculture.xml:12826

 msgid ""
 "The corruption is our own politicians' failure of integrity. For the drug "
 "companies would love&mdash;they say, and I believe them&mdash;to sell their "
 msgid ""
 "The corruption is our own politicians' failure of integrity. For the drug "
 "companies would love&mdash;they say, and I believe them&mdash;to sell their "


@@ -16871,7 +17581,7 @@ msgstr ""
 
 #.  PAGE BREAK 268 
 #. type: Content of: <book><chapter><para>
 
 #.  PAGE BREAK 268 
 #. type: Content of: <book><chapter><para>

-#: freeculture.xml:12683
+#: freeculture.xml:12834

 msgid ""
 "A different problem, however, could not be overcome. This is the fear of the "
 "grandstanding politician who would call the presidents of the drug companies "
 msgid ""
 "A different problem, however, could not be overcome. This is the fear of the "
 "grandstanding politician who would call the presidents of the drug companies "


@@ -16888,7 +17598,7 @@ msgid ""
 msgstr ""
 
 #. type: Content of: <book><chapter><para>
 msgstr ""
 
 #. type: Content of: <book><chapter><para>

-#: freeculture.xml:12698
+#: freeculture.xml:12849

 msgid ""
 "So when the common sense of your child confronts you, what will you say? "
 "When the common sense of a generation finally revolts against what we have "
 msgid ""
 "So when the common sense of your child confronts you, what will you say? "
 "When the common sense of a generation finally revolts against what we have "


@@ -16896,7 +17606,7 @@ msgid ""
 msgstr ""
 
 #. type: Content of: <book><chapter><para>
 msgstr ""
 
 #. type: Content of: <book><chapter><para>

-#: freeculture.xml:12704
+#: freeculture.xml:12855

 msgid ""
 "A sensible patent policy could endorse and strongly support the patent "
 "system without having to reach everyone everywhere in exactly the same "
 msgid ""
 "A sensible patent policy could endorse and strongly support the patent "
 "system without having to reach everyone everywhere in exactly the same "


@@ -16910,7 +17620,7 @@ msgid ""
 msgstr ""
 
 #. type: Content of: <book><chapter><para>
 msgstr ""
 
 #. type: Content of: <book><chapter><para>

-#: freeculture.xml:12716
+#: freeculture.xml:12867

 msgid ""
 "But we as a culture have lost this sense of balance. We have lost the "
 "critical eye that helps us see the difference between truth and extremism.  "
 msgid ""
 "But we as a culture have lost this sense of balance. We have lost the "
 "critical eye that helps us see the difference between truth and extremism.  "


@@ -16922,21 +17632,22 @@ msgstr ""
 
 #.  PAGE BREAK 269 
 #. type: Content of: <book><chapter><para>
 
 #.  PAGE BREAK 269 
 #. type: Content of: <book><chapter><para>

-#: freeculture.xml:12727
+#: freeculture.xml:12878

 msgid ""
 msgid ""

-"A simple idea blinds us, and under the cover of darkness, much happens that "
-"most of us would reject if any of us looked. So uncritically do we accept "
-"the idea of property in ideas that we don't even notice how monstrous it is "
-"to deny ideas to a people who are dying without them. So uncritically do we "
-"accept the idea of property in culture that we don't even question when the "
-"control of that property removes our ability, as a people, to develop our "
-"culture democratically. Blindness becomes our common sense. And the "
-"challenge for anyone who would reclaim the right to cultivate our culture is "
-"to find a way to make this common sense open its eyes."
+"<emphasis role='strong'>A simple idea</emphasis> blinds us, and under the "
+"cover of darkness, much happens that most of us would reject if any of us "
+"looked. So uncritically do we accept the idea of property in ideas that we "
+"don't even notice how monstrous it is to deny ideas to a people who are "
+"dying without them. So uncritically do we accept the idea of property in "
+"culture that we don't even question when the control of that property "
+"removes our ability, as a people, to develop our culture "
+"democratically. Blindness becomes our common sense. And the challenge for "
+"anyone who would reclaim the right to cultivate our culture is to find a way "
+"to make this common sense open its eyes."

 msgstr ""
 
 #. type: Content of: <book><chapter><para>
 msgstr ""
 
 #. type: Content of: <book><chapter><para>

-#: freeculture.xml:12741
+#: freeculture.xml:12892

 msgid ""
 "So far, common sense sleeps. There is no revolt. Common sense does not yet "
 "see what there could be to revolt about. The extremism that now dominates "
 msgid ""
 "So far, common sense sleeps. There is no revolt. Common sense does not yet "
 "see what there could be to revolt about. The extremism that now dominates "


@@ -16952,19 +17663,39 @@ msgid ""
 "storm</quote> for free culture."
 msgstr ""
 
 "storm</quote> for free culture."
 msgstr ""
 

+#. type: Content of: <book><chapter><indexterm><secondary>
+#: freeculture.xml:12905
+msgid "public projects in"
+msgstr ""
+

 #. type: Content of: <book><chapter><indexterm><primary>
 #. type: Content of: <book><chapter><indexterm><primary>

-#: freeculture.xml:12756
-msgid "biomedical research"
+#: freeculture.xml:12906
+msgid "single nucleotied polymorphisms (SNPs)"

 msgstr ""
 
 #. type: Content of: <book><chapter><indexterm><primary>
 msgstr ""
 
 #. type: Content of: <book><chapter><indexterm><primary>

-#: freeculture.xml:12758
+#: freeculture.xml:12907

 msgid "Wellcome Trust"
 msgstr ""
 
 msgid "Wellcome Trust"
 msgstr ""
 

+#. type: Content of: <book><chapter><indexterm><primary>
+#: freeculture.xml:12908
+msgid "World Wide Web"
+msgstr ""
+
+#. type: Content of: <book><chapter><indexterm><primary>
+#: freeculture.xml:12909
+msgid "Global Positioning System"
+msgstr ""
+
+#. type: Content of: <book><chapter><indexterm><primary>
+#: freeculture.xml:12911
+msgid "biomedical research"
+msgstr ""
+

 #.  f6. 
 #. type: Content of: <book><chapter><para><footnote><para>
 #.  f6. 
 #. type: Content of: <book><chapter><para><footnote><para>

-#: freeculture.xml:12763
+#: freeculture.xml:12916

 msgid ""
 "Jonathan Krim, <quote>The Quiet War over Open-Source,</quote> "
 "<citetitle>Washington Post</citetitle>, August 2003, E1, available at <ulink "
 msgid ""
 "Jonathan Krim, <quote>The Quiet War over Open-Source,</quote> "
 "<citetitle>Washington Post</citetitle>, August 2003, E1, available at <ulink "


@@ -16979,48 +17710,48 @@ msgid ""
 msgstr ""
 
 #. type: Content of: <book><chapter><section><section><indexterm><primary>
 msgstr ""
 
 #. type: Content of: <book><chapter><section><section><indexterm><primary>

-#: freeculture.xml:12791 freeculture.xml:13468
+#: freeculture.xml:12944 freeculture.xml:13635

 msgid "academic journals"
 msgstr ""
 
 #. type: Content of: <book><chapter><section><section><para><indexterm><primary>
 msgid "academic journals"
 msgstr ""
 
 #. type: Content of: <book><chapter><section><section><para><indexterm><primary>

-#: freeculture.xml:12792 freeculture.xml:12883 freeculture.xml:13393
+#: freeculture.xml:12945 freeculture.xml:13012 freeculture.xml:13561

 msgid "IBM"
 msgstr ""
 
 #. type: Content of: <book><chapter><section><section><para><indexterm><primary>
 msgid "IBM"
 msgstr ""
 
 #. type: Content of: <book><chapter><section><section><para><indexterm><primary>

-#: freeculture.xml:12793 freeculture.xml:13532
+#: freeculture.xml:12946 freeculture.xml:13698

 msgid "PLoS (Public Library of Science)"
 msgstr ""
 
 #. type: Content of: <book><chapter><para>
 msgid "PLoS (Public Library of Science)"
 msgstr ""
 
 #. type: Content of: <book><chapter><para>

-#: freeculture.xml:12760
-msgid ""
-"In August 2003, a fight broke out in the United States about a decision by "
-"the World Intellectual Property Organization to cancel a "
-"meeting.<placeholder type=\"footnote\" id=\"0\"/> At the request of a wide "
-"range of interests, WIPO had decided to hold a meeting to discuss "
-"<quote>open and collaborative projects to create public goods.</quote> These "
-"are projects that have been successful in producing public goods without "
-"relying exclusively upon a proprietary use of intellectual "
-"property. Examples include the Internet and the World Wide Web, both of "
-"which were developed on the basis of protocols in the public domain. It "
-"included an emerging trend to support open academic journals, including the "
-"Public Library of Science project that I describe in the Afterword. It "
-"included a project to develop single nucleotide polymorphisms (SNPs), which "
-"are thought to have great significance in biomedical research. (That "
-"nonprofit project comprised a consortium of the Wellcome Trust and "
-"pharmaceutical and technological companies, including Amersham Biosciences, "
-"AstraZeneca, Aventis, Bayer, Bristol-Myers Squibb, Hoffmann-La Roche, "
-"Glaxo-SmithKline, IBM, Motorola, Novartis, Pfizer, and Searle.) It included "
-"the Global Positioning System, which Ronald Reagan set free in the early "
-"1980s. And it included <quote>open source and free software.</quote> "
+#: freeculture.xml:12913
+msgid ""
+"<emphasis role='strong'>In August 2003</emphasis>, a fight broke out in the "
+"United States about a decision by the World Intellectual Property "
+"Organization to cancel a meeting.<placeholder type=\"footnote\" id=\"0\"/> "
+"At the request of a wide range of interests, WIPO had decided to hold a "
+"meeting to discuss <quote>open and collaborative projects to create public "
+"goods.</quote> These are projects that have been successful in producing "
+"public goods without relying exclusively upon a proprietary use of "
+"intellectual property. Examples include the Internet and the World Wide Web, "
+"both of which were developed on the basis of protocols in the public "
+"domain. It included an emerging trend to support open academic journals, "
+"including the Public Library of Science project that I describe in the "
+"Afterword. It included a project to develop single nucleotide polymorphisms "
+"(SNPs), which are thought to have great significance in biomedical "
+"research. (That nonprofit project comprised a consortium of the Wellcome "
+"Trust and pharmaceutical and technological companies, including Amersham "
+"Biosciences, AstraZeneca, Aventis, Bayer, Bristol-Myers Squibb, Hoffmann-La "
+"Roche, Glaxo-SmithKline, IBM, Motorola, Novartis, Pfizer, and Searle.) It "
+"included the Global Positioning System, which Ronald Reagan set free in the "
+"early 1980s. And it included <quote>open source and free software.</quote> "

 "<placeholder type=\"indexterm\" id=\"1\"/> <placeholder type=\"indexterm\" "
 "id=\"2\"/> <placeholder type=\"indexterm\" id=\"3\"/>"
 msgstr ""
 
 #. type: Content of: <book><chapter><para>
 "<placeholder type=\"indexterm\" id=\"1\"/> <placeholder type=\"indexterm\" "
 "id=\"2\"/> <placeholder type=\"indexterm\" id=\"3\"/>"
 msgstr ""
 
 #. type: Content of: <book><chapter><para>

-#: freeculture.xml:12797
+#: freeculture.xml:12950

 msgid ""
 "The aim of the meeting was to consider this wide range of projects from one "
 "common perspective: that none of these projects relied upon intellectual "
 msgid ""
 "The aim of the meeting was to consider this wide range of projects from one "
 "common perspective: that none of these projects relied upon intellectual "


@@ -17031,14 +17762,14 @@ msgstr ""
 
 #.  f7. 
 #. type: Content of: <book><chapter><para><footnote><para>
 
 #.  f7. 
 #. type: Content of: <book><chapter><para><footnote><para>

-#: freeculture.xml:12805
+#: freeculture.xml:12958

 msgid ""
 "I should disclose that I was one of the people who asked WIPO for the "
 "meeting."
 msgstr ""
 
 #. type: Content of: <book><chapter><para>
 msgid ""
 "I should disclose that I was one of the people who asked WIPO for the "
 "meeting."
 msgstr ""
 
 #. type: Content of: <book><chapter><para>

-#: freeculture.xml:12804
+#: freeculture.xml:12957

 msgid ""
 "From the perspective of this book, then, the conference was "
 "ideal.<placeholder type=\"footnote\" id=\"0\"/> The projects within its "
 msgid ""
 "From the perspective of this book, then, the conference was "
 "ideal.<placeholder type=\"footnote\" id=\"0\"/> The projects within its "


@@ -17050,7 +17781,7 @@ msgstr ""
 
 #.  PAGE BREAK 271 
 #. type: Content of: <book><chapter><para>
 
 #.  PAGE BREAK 271 
 #. type: Content of: <book><chapter><para>

-#: freeculture.xml:12815
+#: freeculture.xml:12968

 msgid ""
 "Indeed, I was once publicly scolded for not recognizing this fact about "
 "WIPO. In February 2003, I delivered a keynote address to a preparatory "
 msgid ""
 "Indeed, I was once publicly scolded for not recognizing this fact about "
 "WIPO. In February 2003, I delivered a keynote address to a preparatory "


@@ -17074,7 +17805,7 @@ msgid ""
 msgstr ""
 
 #. type: Content of: <book><chapter><para>
 msgstr ""
 
 #. type: Content of: <book><chapter><para>

-#: freeculture.xml:12839
+#: freeculture.xml:12992

 msgid ""
 "So whether or not WSIS can discuss balance in intellectual property, I had "
 "thought it was taken for granted that WIPO could and should. And thus the "
 msgid ""
 "So whether or not WSIS can discuss balance in intellectual property, I had "
 "thought it was taken for granted that WIPO could and should. And thus the "


@@ -17082,8 +17813,13 @@ msgid ""
 "goods</quote> seemed perfectly appropriate within the WIPO agenda."
 msgstr ""
 
 "goods</quote> seemed perfectly appropriate within the WIPO agenda."
 msgstr ""
 

+#. type: Content of: <book><chapter><section><section><indexterm><primary>
+#: freeculture.xml:12997 freeculture.xml:14681
+msgid "Apple Corporation"
+msgstr ""
+

 #. type: Content of: <book><chapter><para>
 #. type: Content of: <book><chapter><para>

-#: freeculture.xml:12845
+#: freeculture.xml:12999

 msgid ""
 "But there is one project within that list that is highly controversial, at "
 "least among lobbyists. That project is <quote>open source and free "
 msgid ""
 "But there is one project within that list that is highly controversial, at "
 "least among lobbyists. That project is <quote>open source and free "


@@ -17096,9 +17832,14 @@ msgid ""
 "<quote>proprietary software,</quote> for their own internal uses."
 msgstr ""
 
 "<quote>proprietary software,</quote> for their own internal uses."
 msgstr ""
 

+#. type: Content of: <book><chapter><indexterm><primary>
+#: freeculture.xml:13009
+msgid "<quote>copyleft</quote> licenses"
+msgstr ""
+

 #.  f8. 
 #. type: Content of: <book><chapter><para><footnote><para>
 #.  f8. 
 #. type: Content of: <book><chapter><para><footnote><para>

-#: freeculture.xml:12867
+#: freeculture.xml:13025

 msgid ""
 "Microsoft's position about free and open source software is more "
 "sophisticated.  As it has repeatedly asserted, it has no problem with "
 msgid ""
 "Microsoft's position about free and open source software is more "
 "sophisticated.  As it has repeatedly asserted, it has no problem with "


@@ -17118,13 +17859,8 @@ msgid ""
 "url=\"http://free-culture.cc/notes/\">link #63</ulink>."
 msgstr ""
 
 "url=\"http://free-culture.cc/notes/\">link #63</ulink>."
 msgstr ""
 

-#. type: Content of: <book><chapter><para><indexterm><primary>
-#: freeculture.xml:12884
-msgid "<quote>copyleft</quote> licenses"
-msgstr ""
-

 #. type: Content of: <book><chapter><para>
 #. type: Content of: <book><chapter><para>

-#: freeculture.xml:12856
+#: freeculture.xml:13014

 msgid ""
 "I don't mean to enter that debate here. It is important only to make clear "
 "that the distinction is not between commercial and noncommercial "
 msgid ""
 "I don't mean to enter that debate here. It is important only to make clear "
 "that the distinction is not between commercial and noncommercial "


@@ -17135,15 +17871,22 @@ msgid ""
 "commercial entity. Thus, to support <quote>open source and free "
 "software</quote> is not to oppose commercial entities. It is, instead, to "
 "support a mode of software development that is different from "
 "commercial entity. Thus, to support <quote>open source and free "
 "software</quote> is not to oppose commercial entities. It is, instead, to "
 "support a mode of software development that is different from "

-"Microsoft's.<placeholder type=\"footnote\" id=\"0\"/> <placeholder "
-"type=\"indexterm\" id=\"1\"/> <placeholder type=\"indexterm\" id=\"2\"/> "
-"<placeholder type=\"indexterm\" id=\"3\"/> <placeholder type=\"indexterm\" "
-"id=\"4\"/>"
+"Microsoft's.<placeholder type=\"footnote\" id=\"0\"/>"
+msgstr ""
+
+#. type: Content of: <book><chapter><indexterm><primary>
+#: freeculture.xml:13042
+msgid "General Public License (GPL)"
+msgstr ""
+
+#. type: Content of: <book><chapter><indexterm><primary>
+#: freeculture.xml:13043
+msgid "GPL (General Public License)"

 msgstr ""
 
 #.  PAGE BREAK 272 
 #. type: Content of: <book><chapter><para>
 msgstr ""
 
 #.  PAGE BREAK 272 
 #. type: Content of: <book><chapter><para>

-#: freeculture.xml:12889
+#: freeculture.xml:13045

 msgid ""
 "More important for our purposes, to support <quote>open source and free "
 "software</quote> is not to oppose copyright. <quote>Open source and free "
 msgid ""
 "More important for our purposes, to support <quote>open source and free "
 "software</quote> is not to oppose copyright. <quote>Open source and free "


@@ -17160,21 +17903,26 @@ msgid ""
 "on its adopters. It thus depends upon copyright law just as Microsoft does."
 msgstr ""
 
 "on its adopters. It thus depends upon copyright law just as Microsoft does."
 msgstr ""
 

+#. type: Content of: <book><chapter><indexterm><primary>
+#: freeculture.xml:13062
+msgid "Krim, Jonathan"
+msgstr ""
+
+#. type: Content of: <book><chapter><indexterm><secondary>
+#: freeculture.xml:13063
+msgid "WIPO meeting opposed by"
+msgstr ""
+

 #.  f9. 
 #. type: Content of: <book><chapter><para><footnote><para>
 #.  f9. 
 #. type: Content of: <book><chapter><para><footnote><para>

-#: freeculture.xml:12915
+#: freeculture.xml:13073

 msgid ""
 "Krim, <quote>The Quiet War over Open-Source,</quote> available at <ulink "
 "url=\"http://free-culture.cc/notes/\">link #64</ulink>."
 msgstr ""
 
 msgid ""
 "Krim, <quote>The Quiet War over Open-Source,</quote> available at <ulink "
 "url=\"http://free-culture.cc/notes/\">link #64</ulink>."
 msgstr ""
 

-#. type: Content of: <book><chapter><para><indexterm><primary>
-#: freeculture.xml:12919
-msgid "Krim, Jonathan"
-msgstr ""
-

 #. type: Content of: <book><chapter><para>
 #. type: Content of: <book><chapter><para>

-#: freeculture.xml:12907
+#: freeculture.xml:13065

 msgid ""
 "It is therefore understandable that as a proprietary software developer, "
 "Microsoft would oppose this WIPO meeting, and understandable that it would "
 msgid ""
 "It is therefore understandable that as a proprietary software developer, "
 "Microsoft would oppose this WIPO meeting, and understandable that it would "


@@ -17183,11 +17931,11 @@ msgid ""
 "to Jonathan Krim of the <citetitle>Washington Post</citetitle>, Microsoft's "
 "lobbyists succeeded in getting the United States government to veto the "
 "meeting.<placeholder type=\"footnote\" id=\"0\"/> And without U.S. backing, "
 "to Jonathan Krim of the <citetitle>Washington Post</citetitle>, Microsoft's "
 "lobbyists succeeded in getting the United States government to veto the "
 "meeting.<placeholder type=\"footnote\" id=\"0\"/> And without U.S. backing, "

-"the meeting was canceled.  <placeholder type=\"indexterm\" id=\"1\"/>"
+"the meeting was canceled."

 msgstr ""
 
 #. type: Content of: <book><chapter><para>
 msgstr ""
 
 #. type: Content of: <book><chapter><para>

-#: freeculture.xml:12922
+#: freeculture.xml:13079

 msgid ""
 "I don't blame Microsoft for doing what it can to advance its own interests, "
 "consistent with the law. And lobbying governments is plainly consistent with "
 msgid ""
 "I don't blame Microsoft for doing what it can to advance its own interests, "
 "consistent with the law. And lobbying governments is plainly consistent with "


@@ -17196,8 +17944,13 @@ msgid ""
 "States having succeeded in its lobbying efforts."
 msgstr ""
 
 "States having succeeded in its lobbying efforts."
 msgstr ""
 

+#. type: Content of: <book><chapter><indexterm><primary>
+#: freeculture.xml:13086 freeculture.xml:13139
+msgid "Boland, Lois"
+msgstr ""
+

 #. type: Content of: <book><chapter><para>
 #. type: Content of: <book><chapter><para>

-#: freeculture.xml:12930
+#: freeculture.xml:13088

 msgid ""
 "What was surprising was the United States government's reason for opposing "
 "the meeting. Again, as reported by Krim, Lois Boland, acting director of "
 msgid ""
 "What was surprising was the United States government's reason for opposing "
 "the meeting. Again, as reported by Krim, Lois Boland, acting director of "


@@ -17209,12 +17962,12 @@ msgid ""
 msgstr ""
 
 #. type: Content of: <book><chapter><para>
 msgstr ""
 
 #. type: Content of: <book><chapter><para>

-#: freeculture.xml:12940
+#: freeculture.xml:13098

 msgid "These statements are astonishing on a number of levels."
 msgstr ""
 
 #. type: Content of: <book><chapter><para>
 msgid "These statements are astonishing on a number of levels."
 msgstr ""
 
 #. type: Content of: <book><chapter><para>

-#: freeculture.xml:12944
+#: freeculture.xml:13102

 msgid ""
 "First, they are just flat wrong. As I described, most open source and free "
 "software relies fundamentally upon the intellectual property right called "
 msgid ""
 "First, they are just flat wrong. As I described, most open source and free "
 "software relies fundamentally upon the intellectual property right called "


@@ -17226,8 +17979,13 @@ msgid ""
 "dealing with intellectual property issues."
 msgstr ""
 
 "dealing with intellectual property issues."
 msgstr ""
 

+#. type: Content of: <book><chapter><indexterm><primary>
+#: freeculture.xml:13111
+msgid "generic drugs"
+msgstr ""
+

 #. type: Content of: <book><chapter><para>
 #. type: Content of: <book><chapter><para>

-#: freeculture.xml:12954
+#: freeculture.xml:13113

 msgid ""
 "Second, who ever said that WIPO's exclusive aim was to "
 "<quote>promote</quote> intellectual property maximally? As I had been "
 msgid ""
 "Second, who ever said that WIPO's exclusive aim was to "
 "<quote>promote</quote> intellectual property maximally? As I had been "


@@ -17243,7 +18001,7 @@ msgid ""
 msgstr ""
 
 #. type: Content of: <book><chapter><para>
 msgstr ""
 
 #. type: Content of: <book><chapter><para>

-#: freeculture.xml:12967
+#: freeculture.xml:13127

 msgid ""
 "Third, even if one believed that the purpose of WIPO was to maximize "
 "intellectual property rights, in our tradition, intellectual property rights "
 msgid ""
 "Third, even if one believed that the purpose of WIPO was to maximize "
 "intellectual property rights, in our tradition, intellectual property rights "


@@ -17254,13 +18012,12 @@ msgid ""
 "away more than $20 billion to do good in the world, that is not inconsistent "
 "with the objectives of the property system. That is, on the contrary, just "
 "what a property system is supposed to be about: giving individuals the right "
 "away more than $20 billion to do good in the world, that is not inconsistent "
 "with the objectives of the property system. That is, on the contrary, just "
 "what a property system is supposed to be about: giving individuals the right "

-"to decide what to do with <emphasis>their</emphasis> property.  <placeholder "
-"type=\"indexterm\" id=\"0\"/>"
+"to decide what to do with <emphasis>their</emphasis> property."

 msgstr ""
 
 #.  PAGE BREAK 274 
 #. type: Content of: <book><chapter><para>
 msgstr ""
 
 #.  PAGE BREAK 274 
 #. type: Content of: <book><chapter><para>

-#: freeculture.xml:12981
+#: freeculture.xml:13141

 msgid ""
 "When Ms. Boland says that there is something wrong with a meeting "
 "<quote>which has as its purpose to disclaim or waive such rights,</quote> "
 msgid ""
 "When Ms. Boland says that there is something wrong with a meeting "
 "<quote>which has as its purpose to disclaim or waive such rights,</quote> "


@@ -17274,7 +18031,7 @@ msgid ""
 msgstr ""
 
 #. type: Content of: <book><chapter><para>
 msgstr ""
 
 #. type: Content of: <book><chapter><para>

-#: freeculture.xml:12993
+#: freeculture.xml:13153

 msgid ""
 "There is a history of just such a property system that is well known in the "
 "Anglo-American tradition. It is called <quote>feudalism.</quote> Under "
 msgid ""
 "There is a history of just such a property system that is well known in the "
 "Anglo-American tradition. It is called <quote>feudalism.</quote> Under "


@@ -17288,14 +18045,14 @@ msgid ""
 msgstr ""
 
 #. type: Content of: <book><chapter><para><footnote><para>
 msgstr ""
 
 #. type: Content of: <book><chapter><para><footnote><para>

-#: freeculture.xml:13010
+#: freeculture.xml:13170

 msgid ""
 "See Drahos with Braithwaite, <citetitle>Information Feudalism</citetitle>, "
 "210&ndash;20.  <placeholder type=\"indexterm\" id=\"0\"/>"
 msgstr ""
 
 #. type: Content of: <book><chapter><para>
 msgid ""
 "See Drahos with Braithwaite, <citetitle>Information Feudalism</citetitle>, "
 "210&ndash;20.  <placeholder type=\"indexterm\" id=\"0\"/>"
 msgstr ""
 
 #. type: Content of: <book><chapter><para>

-#: freeculture.xml:13007
+#: freeculture.xml:13167

 msgid ""
 "As Peter Drahos and John Braithwaite relate, this is precisely the choice we "
 "are now making about intellectual property.<placeholder type=\"footnote\" "
 msgid ""
 "As Peter Drahos and John Braithwaite relate, this is precisely the choice we "
 "are now making about intellectual property.<placeholder type=\"footnote\" "


@@ -17306,7 +18063,7 @@ msgid ""
 msgstr ""
 
 #. type: Content of: <book><chapter><para>
 msgstr ""
 
 #. type: Content of: <book><chapter><para>

-#: freeculture.xml:13019
+#: freeculture.xml:13179

 msgid ""
 "When this battle broke, I blogged it. A spirited debate within the comment "
 "section ensued. Ms. Boland had a number of supporters who tried to show why "
 msgid ""
 "When this battle broke, I blogged it. A spirited debate within the comment "
 "section ensued. Ms. Boland had a number of supporters who tried to show why "


@@ -17316,7 +18073,7 @@ msgstr ""
 
 #.  PAGE BREAK 275 
 #. type: Content of: <book><chapter><blockquote><para>
 
 #.  PAGE BREAK 275 
 #. type: Content of: <book><chapter><blockquote><para>

-#: freeculture.xml:13026
+#: freeculture.xml:13186

 msgid ""
 "George, you misunderstand Lessig: He's only talking about the world as it "
 "should be (<quote>the goal of WIPO, and the goal of any government, should "
 msgid ""
 "George, you misunderstand Lessig: He's only talking about the world as it "
 "should be (<quote>the goal of WIPO, and the goal of any government, should "


@@ -17329,7 +18086,7 @@ msgid ""
 msgstr ""
 
 #. type: Content of: <book><chapter><para>
 msgstr ""
 
 #. type: Content of: <book><chapter><para>

-#: freeculture.xml:13038
+#: freeculture.xml:13198

 msgid ""
 "I missed the irony the first time I read it. I read it quickly and thought "
 "the poster was supporting the idea that seeking balance was what our "
 msgid ""
 "I missed the irony the first time I read it. I read it quickly and thought "
 "the poster was supporting the idea that seeking balance was what our "


@@ -17342,7 +18099,7 @@ msgid ""
 msgstr ""
 
 #. type: Content of: <book><chapter><para>
 msgstr ""
 
 #. type: Content of: <book><chapter><para>

-#: freeculture.xml:13048
+#: freeculture.xml:13209

 msgid ""
 "Obviously, however, the poster was not supporting that idea.  Instead, the "
 "poster was ridiculing the very idea that in the real world, the "
 msgid ""
 "Obviously, however, the poster was not supporting that idea.  Instead, the "
 "poster was ridiculing the very idea that in the real world, the "


@@ -17354,7 +18111,7 @@ msgid ""
 msgstr ""
 
 #. type: Content of: <book><chapter><para>
 msgstr ""
 
 #. type: Content of: <book><chapter><para>

-#: freeculture.xml:13056
+#: freeculture.xml:13217

 msgid ""
 "I understand criticism of academic utopianism. I think utopianism is silly, "
 "too, and I'd be the first to poke fun at the absurdly unrealistic ideals of "
 msgid ""
 "I understand criticism of academic utopianism. I think utopianism is silly, "
 "too, and I'd be the first to poke fun at the absurdly unrealistic ideals of "


@@ -17362,7 +18119,7 @@ msgid ""
 msgstr ""
 
 #. type: Content of: <book><chapter><para>
 msgstr ""
 
 #. type: Content of: <book><chapter><para>

-#: freeculture.xml:13062
+#: freeculture.xml:13223

 msgid ""
 "But when it has become silly to suppose that the role of our government "
 "should be to <quote>seek balance,</quote> then count me with the silly, for "
 msgid ""
 "But when it has become silly to suppose that the role of our government "
 "should be to <quote>seek balance,</quote> then count me with the silly, for "


@@ -17377,7 +18134,7 @@ msgstr ""
 
 #.  PAGE BREAK 276 
 #. type: Content of: <book><chapter><para>
 
 #.  PAGE BREAK 276 
 #. type: Content of: <book><chapter><para>

-#: freeculture.xml:13073
+#: freeculture.xml:13234

 msgid ""
 "It might be crazy to expect a high government official to speak the "
 "truth. It might be crazy to believe that government policy will be something "
 msgid ""
 "It might be crazy to expect a high government official to speak the "
 "truth. It might be crazy to believe that government policy will be something "


@@ -17386,27 +18143,32 @@ msgid ""
 "tradition for most of our history&mdash;free culture."
 msgstr ""
 
 "tradition for most of our history&mdash;free culture."
 msgstr ""
 

+#. type: Content of: <book><chapter><para>
+#: freeculture.xml:13242
+msgid "If this is crazy, then let there be more crazies. Soon."
+msgstr ""
+

 #. type: Content of: <book><chapter><indexterm><primary>
 #. type: Content of: <book><chapter><indexterm><primary>

-#: freeculture.xml:13082
+#: freeculture.xml:13246

 msgid "Turner, Ted"
 msgstr ""
 
 #. type: Content of: <book><chapter><para>
 msgid "Turner, Ted"
 msgstr ""
 
 #. type: Content of: <book><chapter><para>

-#: freeculture.xml:13084
+#: freeculture.xml:13248

 msgid ""
 msgid ""

-"If this is crazy, then let there be more crazies. Soon.  There are moments "
-"of hope in this struggle. And moments that surprise. When the FCC was "
-"considering relaxing ownership rules, which would thereby further increase "
-"the concentration in media ownership, an extraordinary bipartisan coalition "
-"formed to fight this change. For perhaps the first time in history, "
-"interests as diverse as the NRA, the ACLU, Moveon.org, William Safire, Ted "
-"Turner, and CodePink Women for Peace organized to oppose this change in FCC "
-"policy. An astonishing 700,000 letters were sent to the FCC, demanding more "
-"hearings and a different result."
+"<emphasis role='strong'>There are moments</emphasis> of hope in this "
+"struggle. And moments that surprise. When the FCC was considering relaxing "
+"ownership rules, which would thereby further increase the concentration in "
+"media ownership, an extraordinary bipartisan coalition formed to fight this "
+"change. For perhaps the first time in history, interests as diverse as the "
+"NRA, the ACLU, Moveon.org, William Safire, Ted Turner, and CodePink Women "
+"for Peace organized to oppose this change in FCC policy. An astonishing "
+"700,000 letters were sent to the FCC, demanding more hearings and a "
+"different result."

 msgstr ""
 
 #. type: Content of: <book><chapter><para>
 msgstr ""
 
 #. type: Content of: <book><chapter><para>

-#: freeculture.xml:13096
+#: freeculture.xml:13259

 msgid ""
 "This activism did not stop the FCC, but soon after, a broad coalition in the "
 "Senate voted to reverse the FCC decision. The hostile hearings leading up to "
 msgid ""
 "This activism did not stop the FCC, but soon after, a broad coalition in the "
 "Senate voted to reverse the FCC decision. The hostile hearings leading up to "


@@ -17416,7 +18178,7 @@ msgid ""
 msgstr ""
 
 #. type: Content of: <book><chapter><para>
 msgstr ""
 
 #. type: Content of: <book><chapter><para>

-#: freeculture.xml:13104
+#: freeculture.xml:13267

 msgid ""
 "But even this movement misses an important piece of the puzzle.  Largeness "
 "as such is not bad. Freedom is not threatened just because some become very "
 msgid ""
 "But even this movement misses an important piece of the puzzle.  Largeness "
 "as such is not bad. Freedom is not threatened just because some become very "


@@ -17426,7 +18188,7 @@ msgid ""
 msgstr ""
 
 #. type: Content of: <book><chapter><para>
 msgstr ""
 
 #. type: Content of: <book><chapter><para>

-#: freeculture.xml:13111
+#: freeculture.xml:13274

 msgid ""
 "The danger in media concentration comes not from the concentration, but "
 "instead from the feudalism that this concentration, tied to the change in "
 msgid ""
 "The danger in media concentration comes not from the concentration, but "
 "instead from the feudalism that this concentration, tied to the change in "


@@ -17438,7 +18200,7 @@ msgid ""
 msgstr ""
 
 #. type: Content of: <book><chapter><para>
 msgstr ""
 
 #. type: Content of: <book><chapter><para>

-#: freeculture.xml:13121
+#: freeculture.xml:13284

 msgid ""
 "It is therefore significant that so many would rally to demand competition "
 "and increased diversity. Still, if the rally is understood as being about "
 msgid ""
 "It is therefore significant that so many would rally to demand competition "
 "and increased diversity. Still, if the rally is understood as being about "


@@ -17448,7 +18210,7 @@ msgid ""
 msgstr ""
 
 #. type: Content of: <book><chapter><para>
 msgstr ""
 
 #. type: Content of: <book><chapter><para>

-#: freeculture.xml:13128
+#: freeculture.xml:13291

 msgid ""
 "It would be something new, and something very important, if an equal number "
 "could be rallied to fight the increasing extremism built within the idea of "
 msgid ""
 "It would be something new, and something very important, if an equal number "
 "could be rallied to fight the increasing extremism built within the idea of "


@@ -17459,20 +18221,20 @@ msgid ""
 msgstr ""
 
 #. type: Content of: <book><chapter><para>
 msgstr ""
 
 #. type: Content of: <book><chapter><para>

-#: freeculture.xml:13136
+#: freeculture.xml:13299

 msgid ""
 "If we were Achilles, this would be our heel. This would be the place of our "
 "tragedy."
 msgstr ""
 
 #. type: Content of: <book><chapter><indexterm><primary>
 msgid ""
 "If we were Achilles, this would be our heel. This would be the place of our "
 "tragedy."
 msgstr ""
 
 #. type: Content of: <book><chapter><indexterm><primary>

-#: freeculture.xml:13139
+#: freeculture.xml:13302

 msgid "Dylan, Bob"
 msgstr ""
 
 #.  f11. 
 #. type: Content of: <book><chapter><para><footnote><para>
 msgid "Dylan, Bob"
 msgstr ""
 
 #.  f11. 
 #. type: Content of: <book><chapter><para><footnote><para>

-#: freeculture.xml:13144
+#: freeculture.xml:13308

 msgid ""
 "John Borland, <quote>RIAA Sues 261 File Swappers,</quote> CNET News.com, "
 "September 2003, available at <ulink "
 msgid ""
 "John Borland, <quote>RIAA Sues 261 File Swappers,</quote> CNET News.com, "
 "September 2003, available at <ulink "


@@ -17491,7 +18253,7 @@ msgstr ""
 
 #.  f12. 
 #. type: Content of: <book><chapter><para><footnote><para>
 
 #.  f12. 
 #. type: Content of: <book><chapter><para><footnote><para>

-#: freeculture.xml:13162
+#: freeculture.xml:13326

 msgid ""
 "Jon Wiederhorn, <quote>Eminem Gets Sued &hellip; by a Little Old "
 "Lady,</quote> mtv.com, 17 September 2003, available at <ulink "
 msgid ""
 "Jon Wiederhorn, <quote>Eminem Gets Sued &hellip; by a Little Old "
 "Lady,</quote> mtv.com, 17 September 2003, available at <ulink "


@@ -17501,7 +18263,7 @@ msgstr ""
 #.  f13. 
 #.  PAGE BREAK 334 
 #. type: Content of: <book><chapter><para><footnote><para>
 #.  f13. 
 #.  PAGE BREAK 334 
 #. type: Content of: <book><chapter><para><footnote><para>

-#: freeculture.xml:13169
+#: freeculture.xml:13333

 msgid ""
 "Kenji Hall, Associated Press, <quote>Japanese Book May Be Inspiration for "
 "Dylan Songs,</quote> Kansascity.com, 9 July 2003, available at <ulink "
 msgid ""
 "Kenji Hall, Associated Press, <quote>Japanese Book May Be Inspiration for "
 "Dylan Songs,</quote> Kansascity.com, 9 July 2003, available at <ulink "


@@ -17509,48 +18271,58 @@ msgid ""
 msgstr ""
 
 #. type: Content of: <book><chapter><para>
 msgstr ""
 
 #. type: Content of: <book><chapter><para>

-#: freeculture.xml:13141
-msgid ""
-"As I write these final words, the news is filled with stories about the RIAA "
-"lawsuits against almost three hundred individuals.<placeholder "
-"type=\"footnote\" id=\"0\"/> Eminem has just been sued for "
-"<quote>sampling</quote> someone else's music.<placeholder type=\"footnote\" "
-"id=\"1\"/> The story about Bob Dylan <quote>stealing</quote> from a Japanese "
-"author has just finished making the rounds.<placeholder type=\"footnote\" "
-"id=\"2\"/> An insider from Hollywood&mdash;who insists he must remain "
-"anonymous&mdash;reports <quote>an amazing conversation with these studio "
-"guys. They've got extraordinary [old] content that they'd love to use but "
-"can't because they can't begin to clear the rights. They've got scores of "
-"kids who could do amazing things with the content, but it would take scores "
-"of lawyers to clean it first.</quote> Congressmen are talking about "
-"deputizing computer viruses to bring down computers thought to violate the "
-"law. Universities are threatening expulsion for kids who use a computer to "
-"share content."
+#: freeculture.xml:13304
+msgid ""
+"<emphasis role='strong'>As I write</emphasis> these final words, the news is "
+"filled with stories about the RIAA lawsuits against almost three hundred "
+"individuals.<placeholder type=\"footnote\" id=\"0\"/> Eminem has just been "
+"sued for <quote>sampling</quote> someone else's music.<placeholder "
+"type=\"footnote\" id=\"1\"/> The story about Bob Dylan "
+"<quote>stealing</quote> from a Japanese author has just finished making the "
+"rounds.<placeholder type=\"footnote\" id=\"2\"/> An insider from "
+"Hollywood&mdash;who insists he must remain anonymous&mdash;reports <quote>an "
+"amazing conversation with these studio guys. They've got extraordinary [old] "
+"content that they'd love to use but can't because they can't begin to clear "
+"the rights. They've got scores of kids who could do amazing things with the "
+"content, but it would take scores of lawyers to clean it first.</quote> "
+"Congressmen are talking about deputizing computer viruses to bring down "
+"computers thought to violate the law. Universities are threatening expulsion "
+"for kids who use a computer to share content."
+msgstr ""
+
+#. type: Content of: <book><chapter><indexterm><primary>
+#: freeculture.xml:13350
+msgid "BBC"
+msgstr ""
+
+#. type: Content of: <book><chapter><indexterm><primary>
+#: freeculture.xml:13351
+msgid "Brazil, free culture in"

 msgstr ""
 
 #. type: Content of: <book><chapter><section><section><indexterm><primary>
 msgstr ""
 
 #. type: Content of: <book><chapter><section><section><indexterm><primary>

-#: freeculture.xml:13186 freeculture.xml:13549
+#: freeculture.xml:13352 freeculture.xml:13714

 msgid "Creative Commons"
 msgstr ""
 
 #. type: Content of: <book><chapter><indexterm><primary>
 msgid "Creative Commons"
 msgstr ""
 
 #. type: Content of: <book><chapter><indexterm><primary>

-#: freeculture.xml:13187
+#: freeculture.xml:13353

 msgid "Gil, Gilberto"
 msgstr ""
 
 #. type: Content of: <book><chapter><indexterm><primary>
 msgid "Gil, Gilberto"
 msgstr ""
 
 #. type: Content of: <book><chapter><indexterm><primary>

-#: freeculture.xml:13188
-msgid "BBC"
+#: freeculture.xml:13354
+msgid "United Kingdom"

 msgstr ""
 
 msgstr ""
 

-#. type: Content of: <book><chapter><indexterm><primary>
-#: freeculture.xml:13189
-msgid "Brazil, free culture in"
+#. type: Content of: <book><chapter><indexterm><secondary>
+#: freeculture.xml:13354
+msgid "public creative archive in"

 msgstr ""
 
 #.  f14. 
 #. type: Content of: <book><chapter><para><footnote><para>
 msgstr ""
 
 #.  f14. 
 #. type: Content of: <book><chapter><para><footnote><para>

-#: freeculture.xml:13194
+#: freeculture.xml:13359

 msgid ""
 "<quote>BBC Plans to Open Up Its Archive to the Public,</quote> BBC press "
 "release, 24 August 2003, available at <ulink "
 msgid ""
 "<quote>BBC Plans to Open Up Its Archive to the Public,</quote> BBC press "
 "release, 24 August 2003, available at <ulink "


@@ -17559,7 +18331,7 @@ msgstr ""
 
 #.  f15. 
 #. type: Content of: <book><chapter><para><footnote><para>
 
 #.  f15. 
 #. type: Content of: <book><chapter><para><footnote><para>

-#: freeculture.xml:13203
+#: freeculture.xml:13368

 msgid ""
 "<quote>Creative Commons and Brazil,</quote> Creative Commons Weblog, 6 "
 "August 2003, available at <ulink url=\"http://free-culture.cc/notes/\">link "
 msgid ""
 "<quote>Creative Commons and Brazil,</quote> Creative Commons Weblog, 6 "
 "August 2003, available at <ulink url=\"http://free-culture.cc/notes/\">link "


@@ -17568,7 +18340,7 @@ msgstr ""
 
 #.  PAGE BREAK 278 
 #. type: Content of: <book><chapter><para>
 
 #.  PAGE BREAK 278 
 #. type: Content of: <book><chapter><para>

-#: freeculture.xml:13191
+#: freeculture.xml:13356

 msgid ""
 "Yet on the other side of the Atlantic, the BBC has just announced that it "
 "will build a <quote>Creative Archive,</quote> from which British citizens "
 msgid ""
 "Yet on the other side of the Atlantic, the BBC has just announced that it "
 "will build a <quote>Creative Archive,</quote> from which British citizens "


@@ -17587,28 +18359,28 @@ msgstr ""
 
 #.  PAGE BREAK 279 
 #. type: Content of: <book><chapter><para>
 
 #.  PAGE BREAK 279 
 #. type: Content of: <book><chapter><para>

-#: freeculture.xml:13217
+#: freeculture.xml:13382

 msgid ""
 "Common sense must revolt. It must act to free culture. Soon, if this "
 "potential is ever to be realized."
 msgstr ""
 
 #. type: Content of: <book><chapter><title>
 msgid ""
 "Common sense must revolt. It must act to free culture. Soon, if this "
 "potential is ever to be realized."
 msgstr ""
 
 #. type: Content of: <book><chapter><title>

-#: freeculture.xml:13225
+#: freeculture.xml:13390

 msgid "AFTERWORD"
 msgstr ""
 
 #.  PAGE BREAK 280 
 #. type: Content of: <book><chapter><para>
 msgid "AFTERWORD"
 msgstr ""
 
 #.  PAGE BREAK 280 
 #. type: Content of: <book><chapter><para>

-#: freeculture.xml:13229
+#: freeculture.xml:13394

 msgid ""
 msgid ""

-"At least some who have read this far will agree with me that something must "
-"be done to change where we are heading. The balance of this book maps what "
-"might be done."
+"<emphasis role='strong'>At least some</emphasis> who have read this far will "
+"agree with me that something must be done to change where we are "
+"heading. The balance of this book maps what might be done."

 msgstr ""
 
 #. type: Content of: <book><chapter><para>
 msgstr ""
 
 #. type: Content of: <book><chapter><para>

-#: freeculture.xml:13234
+#: freeculture.xml:13399

 msgid ""
 "I divide this map into two parts: that which anyone can do now, and that "
 "which requires the help of lawmakers. If there is one lesson that we can "
 msgid ""
 "I divide this map into two parts: that which anyone can do now, and that "
 "which requires the help of lawmakers. If there is one lesson that we can "


@@ -17617,7 +18389,7 @@ msgid ""
 msgstr ""
 
 #. type: Content of: <book><chapter><para>
 msgstr ""
 
 #. type: Content of: <book><chapter><para>

-#: freeculture.xml:13240
+#: freeculture.xml:13405

 msgid ""
 "That means this movement must begin in the streets. It must recruit a "
 "significant number of parents, teachers, librarians, creators, authors, "
 msgid ""
 "That means this movement must begin in the streets. It must recruit a "
 "significant number of parents, teachers, librarians, creators, authors, "


@@ -17626,7 +18398,7 @@ msgid ""
 msgstr ""
 
 #. type: Content of: <book><chapter><para>
 msgstr ""
 
 #. type: Content of: <book><chapter><para>

-#: freeculture.xml:13247
+#: freeculture.xml:13412

 msgid ""
 "Once this movement has its effect in the streets, it has some hope of having "
 "an effect in Washington. We are still a democracy. What people think "
 msgid ""
 "Once this movement has its effect in the streets, it has some hope of having "
 "an effect in Washington. We are still a democracy. What people think "


@@ -17636,21 +18408,22 @@ msgid ""
 msgstr ""
 
 #. type: Content of: <book><chapter><section><title>
 msgstr ""
 
 #. type: Content of: <book><chapter><section><title>

-#: freeculture.xml:13256
+#: freeculture.xml:13421

 msgid "US, NOW"
 msgstr ""
 
 #. type: Content of: <book><chapter><section><para>
 msgid "US, NOW"
 msgstr ""
 
 #. type: Content of: <book><chapter><section><para>

-#: freeculture.xml:13258
+#: freeculture.xml:13423

 msgid ""
 msgid ""

-"Common sense is with the copyright warriors because the debate so far has "
-"been framed at the extremes&mdash;as a grand either/or: either property or "
-"anarchy, either total control or artists won't be paid. If that really is "
-"the choice, then the warriors should win."
+"<emphasis role='strong'>Common sense</emphasis> is with the copyright "
+"warriors because the debate so far has been framed at the extremes&mdash;as "
+"a grand either/or: either property or anarchy, either total control or "
+"artists won't be paid. If that really is the choice, then the warriors "
+"should win."

 msgstr ""
 
 #. type: Content of: <book><chapter><section><para>
 msgstr ""
 
 #. type: Content of: <book><chapter><section><para>

-#: freeculture.xml:13264
+#: freeculture.xml:13430

 msgid ""
 "The mistake here is the error of the excluded middle. There are extremes in "
 "this debate, but the extremes are not all that there is. There are those who "
 msgid ""
 "The mistake here is the error of the excluded middle. There are extremes in "
 "this debate, but the extremes are not all that there is. There are those who "


@@ -17664,7 +18437,7 @@ msgstr ""
 
 #.  PAGE BREAK 282 
 #. type: Content of: <book><chapter><section><para>
 
 #.  PAGE BREAK 282 
 #. type: Content of: <book><chapter><section><para>

-#: freeculture.xml:13274
+#: freeculture.xml:13440

 msgid ""
 "When the Internet was first born, its initial architecture effectively "
 "tilted in the <quote>no rights reserved</quote> direction. Content could be "
 msgid ""
 "When the Internet was first born, its initial architecture effectively "
 "tilted in the <quote>no rights reserved</quote> direction. Content could be "


@@ -17676,7 +18449,7 @@ msgid ""
 msgstr ""
 
 #. type: Content of: <book><chapter><section><para>
 msgstr ""
 
 #. type: Content of: <book><chapter><section><para>

-#: freeculture.xml:13286
+#: freeculture.xml:13452

 msgid ""
 "This initial character produced a reaction (opposite, but not quite equal) "
 "by copyright owners. That reaction has been the topic of this book. Through "
 msgid ""
 "This initial character produced a reaction (opposite, but not quite equal) "
 "by copyright owners. That reaction has been the topic of this book. Through "


@@ -17693,7 +18466,7 @@ msgid ""
 msgstr ""
 
 #. type: Content of: <book><chapter><section><para>
 msgstr ""
 
 #. type: Content of: <book><chapter><section><para>

-#: freeculture.xml:13300
+#: freeculture.xml:13466

 msgid ""
 "What's needed is a way to say something in the middle&mdash;neither "
 "<quote>all rights reserved</quote> nor <quote>no rights reserved</quote> but "
 msgid ""
 "What's needed is a way to say something in the middle&mdash;neither "
 "<quote>all rights reserved</quote> nor <quote>no rights reserved</quote> but "


@@ -17704,12 +18477,12 @@ msgid ""
 msgstr ""
 
 #. type: Content of: <book><chapter><section><section><title>
 msgstr ""
 
 #. type: Content of: <book><chapter><section><section><title>

-#: freeculture.xml:13309
+#: freeculture.xml:13475

 msgid "Rebuilding Freedoms Previously Presumed: Examples"
 msgstr ""
 
 #. type: Content of: <book><chapter><section><section><para>
 msgid "Rebuilding Freedoms Previously Presumed: Examples"
 msgstr ""
 
 #. type: Content of: <book><chapter><section><section><para>

-#: freeculture.xml:13311
+#: freeculture.xml:13478

 msgid ""
 "If you step back from the battle I've been describing here, you will "
 "recognize this problem from other contexts. Think about privacy. Before the "
 msgid ""
 "If you step back from the battle I've been describing here, you will "
 "recognize this problem from other contexts. Think about privacy. Before the "


@@ -17721,12 +18494,12 @@ msgid ""
 msgstr ""
 
 #. type: Content of: <book><chapter><section><section><para>
 msgstr ""
 
 #. type: Content of: <book><chapter><section><section><para>

-#: freeculture.xml:13321
+#: freeculture.xml:13488

 msgid "What made it assured?"
 msgstr ""
 
 #. type: Content of: <book><chapter><section><section><para>
 msgid "What made it assured?"
 msgstr ""
 
 #. type: Content of: <book><chapter><section><section><para>

-#: freeculture.xml:13325
+#: freeculture.xml:13492

 msgid ""
 "Well, if we think in terms of the modalities I described in chapter <xref "
 "xrefstyle=\"select: labelnumber\" linkend=\"property-i\"/>, your privacy was "
 msgid ""
 "Well, if we think in terms of the modalities I described in chapter <xref "
 "xrefstyle=\"select: labelnumber\" linkend=\"property-i\"/>, your privacy was "


@@ -17744,17 +18517,17 @@ msgid ""
 msgstr ""
 
 #. type: Content of: <book><chapter><section><section><indexterm><primary>
 msgstr ""
 
 #. type: Content of: <book><chapter><section><section><indexterm><primary>

-#: freeculture.xml:13340
+#: freeculture.xml:13507

 msgid "Amazon"
 msgstr ""
 
 msgid "Amazon"
 msgstr ""
 

-#. type: Content of: <book><chapter><section><section><para><indexterm><primary>
-#: freeculture.xml:13350
+#. type: Content of: <book><chapter><section><section><indexterm><primary>
+#: freeculture.xml:13508

 msgid "cookies, Internet"
 msgstr ""
 
 #. type: Content of: <book><chapter><section><section><para>
 msgid "cookies, Internet"
 msgstr ""
 
 #. type: Content of: <book><chapter><section><section><para>

-#: freeculture.xml:13342
+#: freeculture.xml:13510

 msgid ""
 "Enter the Internet, where the cost of tracking browsing in particular has "
 "become quite tiny. If you're a customer at Amazon, then as you browse the "
 msgid ""
 "Enter the Internet, where the cost of tracking browsing in particular has "
 "become quite tiny. If you're a customer at Amazon, then as you browse the "


@@ -17763,12 +18536,11 @@ msgid ""
 "viewed</quote> pages. Now, because of the architecture of the Net and the "
 "function of cookies on the Net, it is easier to collect the data than "
 "not. The friction has disappeared, and hence any <quote>privacy</quote> "
 "viewed</quote> pages. Now, because of the architecture of the Net and the "
 "function of cookies on the Net, it is easier to collect the data than "
 "not. The friction has disappeared, and hence any <quote>privacy</quote> "

-"protected by the friction disappears, too.  <placeholder type=\"indexterm\" "
-"id=\"0\"/>"
+"protected by the friction disappears, too."

 msgstr ""
 
 #. type: Content of: <book><chapter><section><section><para>
 msgstr ""
 
 #. type: Content of: <book><chapter><section><section><para>

-#: freeculture.xml:13353
+#: freeculture.xml:13520

 msgid ""
 "Amazon, of course, is not the problem. But we might begin to worry about "
 "libraries. If you're one of those crazy lefties who thinks that people "
 msgid ""
 "Amazon, of course, is not the problem. But we might begin to worry about "
 "libraries. If you're one of those crazy lefties who thinks that people "


@@ -17781,7 +18553,7 @@ msgstr ""
 
 #.  f1. 
 #. type: Content of: <book><chapter><section><section><para><footnote><para>
 
 #.  f1. 
 #. type: Content of: <book><chapter><section><section><para><footnote><para>

-#: freeculture.xml:13369
+#: freeculture.xml:13537

 msgid ""
 "See, for example, Marc Rotenberg, <quote>Fair Information Practices and the "
 "Architecture of Privacy (What Larry Doesn't Get),</quote> "
 msgid ""
 "See, for example, Marc Rotenberg, <quote>Fair Information Practices and the "
 "Architecture of Privacy (What Larry Doesn't Get),</quote> "


@@ -17796,7 +18568,7 @@ msgstr ""
 
 #.  PAGE BREAK 284 
 #. type: Content of: <book><chapter><section><section><para>
 
 #.  PAGE BREAK 284 
 #. type: Content of: <book><chapter><section><section><para>

-#: freeculture.xml:13363
+#: freeculture.xml:13531

 msgid ""
 "It is this reality that explains the push of many to define "
 "<quote>privacy</quote> on the Internet. It is the recognition that "
 msgid ""
 "It is this reality that explains the push of many to define "
 "<quote>privacy</quote> on the Internet. It is the recognition that "


@@ -17810,7 +18582,7 @@ msgid ""
 msgstr ""
 
 #. type: Content of: <book><chapter><section><section><para>
 msgstr ""
 
 #. type: Content of: <book><chapter><section><section><para>

-#: freeculture.xml:13387
+#: freeculture.xml:13555

 msgid ""
 "A similar story could be told about the birth of the free software "
 "movement. When computers with software were first made available "
 msgid ""
 "A similar story could be told about the birth of the free software "
 "movement. When computers with software were first made available "


@@ -17822,12 +18594,12 @@ msgid ""
 msgstr ""
 
 #. type: Content of: <book><chapter><section><section><indexterm><primary>
 msgstr ""
 
 #. type: Content of: <book><chapter><section><section><indexterm><primary>

-#: freeculture.xml:13395
+#: freeculture.xml:13563

 msgid "Stallman, Richard"
 msgstr ""
 
 #. type: Content of: <book><chapter><section><section><para>
 msgid "Stallman, Richard"
 msgstr ""
 
 #. type: Content of: <book><chapter><section><section><para>

-#: freeculture.xml:13397
+#: freeculture.xml:13565

 msgid ""
 "That was the world Richard Stallman was born into, and while he was a "
 "researcher at MIT, he grew to love the community that developed when one was "
 msgid ""
 "That was the world Richard Stallman was born into, and while he was a "
 "researcher at MIT, he grew to love the community that developed when one was "


@@ -17837,7 +18609,7 @@ msgid ""
 msgstr ""
 
 #. type: Content of: <book><chapter><section><section><para>
 msgstr ""
 
 #. type: Content of: <book><chapter><section><section><para>

-#: freeculture.xml:13405
+#: freeculture.xml:13573

 msgid ""
 "In an academic setting, at least, that's not a terribly radical idea. In a "
 "math department, anyone would be free to tinker with a proof that someone "
 msgid ""
 "In an academic setting, at least, that's not a terribly radical idea. In a "
 "math department, anyone would be free to tinker with a proof that someone "


@@ -17851,7 +18623,7 @@ msgid ""
 msgstr ""
 
 #. type: Content of: <book><chapter><section><section><para>
 msgstr ""
 
 #. type: Content of: <book><chapter><section><section><para>

-#: freeculture.xml:13417
+#: freeculture.xml:13585

 msgid ""
 "No one answered that question. Instead, the architecture of revenue for "
 "computing changed. As it became possible to import programs from one system "
 msgid ""
 "No one answered that question. Instead, the architecture of revenue for "
 "computing changed. As it became possible to import programs from one system "


@@ -17864,7 +18636,7 @@ msgstr ""
 
 #.  PAGE BREAK 285 
 #. type: Content of: <book><chapter><section><section><para>
 
 #.  PAGE BREAK 285 
 #. type: Content of: <book><chapter><section><section><para>

-#: freeculture.xml:13426
+#: freeculture.xml:13594

 msgid ""
 "Thus, the practice of proprietary code began to spread, and by the early "
 "1980s, Stallman found himself surrounded by proprietary code.  The world of "
 msgid ""
 "Thus, the practice of proprietary code began to spread, and by the early "
 "1980s, Stallman found himself surrounded by proprietary code.  The world of "


@@ -17874,12 +18646,12 @@ msgid ""
 msgstr ""
 
 #. type: Content of: <book><chapter><section><section><indexterm><primary>
 msgstr ""
 
 #. type: Content of: <book><chapter><section><section><indexterm><primary>

-#: freeculture.xml:13434
+#: freeculture.xml:13602

 msgid "Torvalds, Linus"
 msgstr ""
 
 #. type: Content of: <book><chapter><section><section><para>
 msgid "Torvalds, Linus"
 msgstr ""
 
 #. type: Content of: <book><chapter><section><section><para>

-#: freeculture.xml:13436
+#: freeculture.xml:13604

 msgid ""
 "Therefore, in 1984, Stallman began a project to build a free operating "
 "system, so that at least a strain of free software would survive. That was "
 msgid ""
 "Therefore, in 1984, Stallman began a project to build a free operating "
 "system, so that at least a strain of free software would survive. That was "


@@ -17890,7 +18662,7 @@ msgid ""
 msgstr ""
 
 #. type: Content of: <book><chapter><section><section><para>
 msgstr ""
 
 #. type: Content of: <book><chapter><section><section><para>

-#: freeculture.xml:13444
+#: freeculture.xml:13612

 msgid ""
 "Stallman's technique was to use copyright law to build a world of software "
 "that must be kept free. Software licensed under the Free Software "
 msgid ""
 "Stallman's technique was to use copyright law to build a world of software "
 "that must be kept free. Software licensed under the Free Software "


@@ -17903,7 +18675,7 @@ msgid ""
 msgstr ""
 
 #. type: Content of: <book><chapter><section><section><para>
 msgstr ""
 
 #. type: Content of: <book><chapter><section><section><para>

-#: freeculture.xml:13455
+#: freeculture.xml:13623

 msgid ""
 "Stallman was thus doing for software what privacy advocates now do for "
 "privacy. He was seeking a way to rebuild a kind of freedom that was taken "
 msgid ""
 "Stallman was thus doing for software what privacy advocates now do for "
 "privacy. He was seeking a way to rebuild a kind of freedom that was taken "


@@ -17914,7 +18686,7 @@ msgid ""
 msgstr ""
 
 #. type: Content of: <book><chapter><section><section><para>
 msgstr ""
 
 #. type: Content of: <book><chapter><section><section><para>

-#: freeculture.xml:13463
+#: freeculture.xml:13631

 msgid ""
 "Finally, consider a very recent example that more directly resonates with "
 "the story of this book. This is the shift in the way academic and scientific "
 msgid ""
 "Finally, consider a very recent example that more directly resonates with "
 "the story of this book. This is the shift in the way academic and scientific "


@@ -17923,7 +18695,7 @@ msgstr ""
 
 #.  PAGE BREAK 286 
 #. type: Content of: <book><chapter><section><section><para>
 
 #.  PAGE BREAK 286 
 #. type: Content of: <book><chapter><section><section><para>

-#: freeculture.xml:13471
+#: freeculture.xml:13637

 msgid ""
 "As digital technologies develop, it is becoming obvious to many that "
 "printing thousands of copies of journals every month and sending them to "
 msgid ""
 "As digital technologies develop, it is becoming obvious to many that "
 "printing thousands of copies of journals every month and sending them to "


@@ -17940,7 +18712,7 @@ msgid ""
 msgstr ""
 
 #. type: Content of: <book><chapter><section><section><para>
 msgstr ""
 
 #. type: Content of: <book><chapter><section><section><para>

-#: freeculture.xml:13487
+#: freeculture.xml:13653

 msgid ""
 "There's nothing wrong in general with this, and indeed, the ability to "
 "charge for access to even public domain materials is a good incentive for "
 msgid ""
 "There's nothing wrong in general with this, and indeed, the ability to "
 "charge for access to even public domain materials is a good incentive for "


@@ -17952,7 +18724,7 @@ msgid ""
 msgstr ""
 
 #. type: Content of: <book><chapter><section><section><para>
 msgstr ""
 
 #. type: Content of: <book><chapter><section><section><para>

-#: freeculture.xml:13496
+#: freeculture.xml:13662

 msgid ""
 "But what if the only way to get access to social and scientific data was "
 "through proprietary services? What if no one had the ability to browse this "
 msgid ""
 "But what if the only way to get access to social and scientific data was "
 "through proprietary services? What if no one had the ability to browse this "


@@ -17960,7 +18732,7 @@ msgid ""
 msgstr ""
 
 #. type: Content of: <book><chapter><section><section><para>
 msgstr ""
 
 #. type: Content of: <book><chapter><section><section><para>

-#: freeculture.xml:13501
+#: freeculture.xml:13667

 msgid ""
 "As many are beginning to notice, this is increasingly the reality with "
 "scientific journals. When these journals were distributed in paper form, "
 msgid ""
 "As many are beginning to notice, this is increasingly the reality with "
 "scientific journals. When these journals were distributed in paper form, "


@@ -17975,7 +18747,7 @@ msgid ""
 msgstr ""
 
 #. type: Content of: <book><chapter><section><section><para>
 msgstr ""
 
 #. type: Content of: <book><chapter><section><section><para>

-#: freeculture.xml:13513
+#: freeculture.xml:13679

 msgid ""
 "As journals become electronic, however, the publishers are demanding that "
 "libraries not give the general public access to the journals. This means "
 msgid ""
 "As journals become electronic, however, the publishers are demanding that "
 "libraries not give the general public access to the journals. This means "


@@ -17985,7 +18757,7 @@ msgid ""
 msgstr ""
 
 #. type: Content of: <book><chapter><section><section><para>
 msgstr ""
 
 #. type: Content of: <book><chapter><section><section><para>

-#: freeculture.xml:13521
+#: freeculture.xml:13687

 msgid ""
 "This shrinking freedom has led many to take affirmative steps to restore the "
 "freedom that has been lost. The Public Library of Science (PLoS), for "
 msgid ""
 "This shrinking freedom has led many to take affirmative steps to restore the "
 "freedom that has been lost. The Public Library of Science (PLoS), for "


@@ -18000,7 +18772,7 @@ msgid ""
 msgstr ""
 
 #. type: Content of: <book><chapter><section><section><para>
 msgstr ""
 
 #. type: Content of: <book><chapter><section><section><para>

-#: freeculture.xml:13535
+#: freeculture.xml:13701

 msgid ""
 "This is one of many such efforts to restore a freedom taken for granted "
 "before, but now threatened by changing technology and markets.  There's no "
 msgid ""
 "This is one of many such efforts to restore a freedom taken for granted "
 "before, but now threatened by changing technology and markets.  There's no "


@@ -18011,24 +18783,24 @@ msgid ""
 msgstr ""
 
 #. type: Content of: <book><chapter><section><section><title>
 msgstr ""
 
 #. type: Content of: <book><chapter><section><section><title>

-#: freeculture.xml:13547
+#: freeculture.xml:13713

 msgid "Rebuilding Free Culture: One Idea"
 msgstr ""
 
 #. type: Content of: <book><chapter><section><section><para>
 msgid "Rebuilding Free Culture: One Idea"
 msgstr ""
 
 #. type: Content of: <book><chapter><section><section><para>

-#: freeculture.xml:13552
+#: freeculture.xml:13716

 msgid ""
 "The same strategy could be applied to culture, as a response to the "
 "increasing control effected through law and technology."
 msgstr ""
 
 #. type: Content of: <book><chapter><section><section><indexterm><primary>
 msgid ""
 "The same strategy could be applied to culture, as a response to the "
 "increasing control effected through law and technology."
 msgstr ""
 
 #. type: Content of: <book><chapter><section><section><indexterm><primary>

-#: freeculture.xml:13555
+#: freeculture.xml:13719

 msgid "Stanford University"
 msgstr ""
 
 #. type: Content of: <book><chapter><section><section><para>
 msgid "Stanford University"
 msgstr ""
 
 #. type: Content of: <book><chapter><section><section><para>

-#: freeculture.xml:13557
+#: freeculture.xml:13721

 msgid ""
 "Enter the Creative Commons. The Creative Commons is a nonprofit corporation "
 "established in Massachusetts, but with its home at Stanford University. Its "
 msgid ""
 "Enter the Creative Commons. The Creative Commons is a nonprofit corporation "
 "established in Massachusetts, but with its home at Stanford University. Its "


@@ -18042,7 +18814,7 @@ msgstr ""
 
 #.  PAGE BREAK 288 
 #. type: Content of: <book><chapter><section><section><para>
 
 #.  PAGE BREAK 288 
 #. type: Content of: <book><chapter><section><section><para>

-#: freeculture.xml:13568
+#: freeculture.xml:13732

 msgid ""
 "<emphasis>Simple</emphasis>&mdash;which means without a middleman, or "
 "without a lawyer.  By developing a free set of licenses that people can "
 msgid ""
 "<emphasis>Simple</emphasis>&mdash;which means without a middleman, or "
 "without a lawyer.  By developing a free set of licenses that people can "


@@ -18061,7 +18833,7 @@ msgid ""
 msgstr ""
 
 #. type: Content of: <book><chapter><section><section><para>
 msgstr ""
 
 #. type: Content of: <book><chapter><section><section><para>

-#: freeculture.xml:13586
+#: freeculture.xml:13750

 msgid ""
 "These freedoms are beyond the freedoms promised by fair use. Their precise "
 "contours depend upon the choices the creator makes. The creator can choose a "
 msgid ""
 "These freedoms are beyond the freedoms promised by fair use. Their precise "
 "contours depend upon the choices the creator makes. The creator can choose a "


@@ -18075,7 +18847,7 @@ msgid ""
 msgstr ""
 
 #. type: Content of: <book><chapter><section><section><para>
 msgstr ""
 
 #. type: Content of: <book><chapter><section><section><para>

-#: freeculture.xml:13597
+#: freeculture.xml:13761

 msgid ""
 "These choices thus establish a range of freedoms beyond the default of "
 "copyright law. They also enable freedoms that go beyond traditional fair "
 msgid ""
 "These choices thus establish a range of freedoms beyond the default of "
 "copyright law. They also enable freedoms that go beyond traditional fair "


@@ -18087,13 +18859,14 @@ msgid ""
 "that content will in turn enable us to rebuild a public domain."
 msgstr ""
 
 "that content will in turn enable us to rebuild a public domain."
 msgstr ""
 

-#. type: Content of: <book><chapter><section><section><para><indexterm><primary>
-#: freeculture.xml:13618
+#. type: Content of: <book><chapter><section><section><indexterm><primary>
+#: freeculture.xml:13771

 msgid "Garlick, Mia"
 msgstr ""
 
 msgid "Garlick, Mia"
 msgstr ""
 

+#.  PAGE BREAK 289 

 #. type: Content of: <book><chapter><section><section><para>
 #. type: Content of: <book><chapter><section><section><para>

-#: freeculture.xml:13608
+#: freeculture.xml:13773

 msgid ""
 "This is just one project among many within the Creative Commons.  And of "
 "course, Creative Commons is not the only organization pursuing such "
 msgid ""
 "This is just one project among many within the Creative Commons.  And of "
 "course, Creative Commons is not the only organization pursuing such "


@@ -18103,11 +18876,11 @@ msgid ""
 "movement of consumers and producers of content (<quote>content "
 "conducers,</quote> as attorney Mia Garlick calls them)  who help build the "
 "public domain and, by their work, demonstrate the importance of the public "
 "movement of consumers and producers of content (<quote>content "
 "conducers,</quote> as attorney Mia Garlick calls them)  who help build the "
 "public domain and, by their work, demonstrate the importance of the public "

-"domain to other creativity.  <placeholder type=\"indexterm\" id=\"0\"/>"
+"domain to other creativity."

 msgstr ""
 
 #. type: Content of: <book><chapter><section><section><para>
 msgstr ""
 
 #. type: Content of: <book><chapter><section><section><para>

-#: freeculture.xml:13621
+#: freeculture.xml:13785

 msgid ""
 "The aim is not to fight the <quote>All Rights Reserved</quote> sorts. The "
 "aim is to complement them. The problems that the law creates for us as a "
 msgid ""
 "The aim is not to fight the <quote>All Rights Reserved</quote> sorts. The "
 "aim is to complement them. The problems that the law creates for us as a "


@@ -18122,7 +18895,7 @@ msgid ""
 msgstr ""
 
 #. type: Content of: <book><chapter><section><section><para>
 msgstr ""
 
 #. type: Content of: <book><chapter><section><section><para>

-#: freeculture.xml:13633
+#: freeculture.xml:13798

 msgid ""
 "Why would creators participate in giving up total control? Some participate "
 "to better spread their content. Cory Doctorow, for example, is a science "
 msgid ""
 "Why would creators participate in giving up total control? Some participate "
 "to better spread their content. Cory Doctorow, for example, is a science "


@@ -18132,7 +18905,7 @@ msgid ""
 msgstr ""
 
 #. type: Content of: <book><chapter><section><section><para>
 msgstr ""
 
 #. type: Content of: <book><chapter><section><section><para>

-#: freeculture.xml:13640
+#: freeculture.xml:13805

 msgid ""
 "Why would a publisher ever agree to this? I suspect his publisher reasoned "
 "like this: There are two groups of people out there: (1)  those who will buy "
 msgid ""
 "Why would a publisher ever agree to this? I suspect his publisher reasoned "
 "like this: There are two groups of people out there: (1)  those who will buy "


@@ -18146,25 +18919,26 @@ msgid ""
 msgstr ""
 
 #. type: Content of: <book><chapter><section><section><para>
 msgstr ""
 
 #. type: Content of: <book><chapter><section><section><para>

-#: freeculture.xml:13652
+#: freeculture.xml:13817

 msgid ""
 "Indeed, the experience of his publisher clearly supports that conclusion.  "
 "The book's first printing was exhausted months before the publisher had "
 "expected. This first novel of a science fiction author was a total success."
 msgstr ""
 
 msgid ""
 "Indeed, the experience of his publisher clearly supports that conclusion.  "
 "The book's first printing was exhausted months before the publisher had "
 "expected. This first novel of a science fiction author was a total success."
 msgstr ""
 

-#. type: Content of: <book><chapter><section><section><para><indexterm><primary>
-#: freeculture.xml:13667
+#. type: Content of: <book><chapter><section><section><indexterm><primary>
+#: freeculture.xml:13822

 msgid "Free for All (Wayner)"
 msgstr ""
 
 msgid "Free for All (Wayner)"
 msgstr ""
 

-#. type: Content of: <book><chapter><section><section><para><indexterm><primary>
-#: freeculture.xml:13668
+#. type: Content of: <book><chapter><section><section><indexterm><primary>
+#: freeculture.xml:13823

 msgid "Wayner, Peter"
 msgstr ""
 
 msgid "Wayner, Peter"
 msgstr ""
 

+#.  PAGE BREAK 290 

 #. type: Content of: <book><chapter><section><section><para>
 #. type: Content of: <book><chapter><section><section><para>

-#: freeculture.xml:13658
+#: freeculture.xml:13825

 msgid ""
 "The idea that free content might increase the value of nonfree content was "
 "confirmed by the experience of another author. Peter Wayner, who wrote a "
 msgid ""
 "The idea that free content might increase the value of nonfree content was "
 "confirmed by the experience of another author. Peter Wayner, who wrote a "


@@ -18172,29 +18946,27 @@ msgid ""
 "All</citetitle>, made an electronic version of his book free on-line under a "
 "Creative Commons license after the book went out of print. He then monitored "
 "used book store prices for the book. As predicted, as the number of "
 "All</citetitle>, made an electronic version of his book free on-line under a "
 "Creative Commons license after the book went out of print. He then monitored "
 "used book store prices for the book. As predicted, as the number of "

-"downloads increased, the used book price for his book increased, as well.  "
-"<placeholder type=\"indexterm\" id=\"0\"/> <placeholder type=\"indexterm\" "
-"id=\"1\"/>"
+"downloads increased, the used book price for his book increased, as well."

 msgstr ""
 
 #. type: Content of: <book><chapter><section><section><indexterm><primary>
 msgstr ""
 
 #. type: Content of: <book><chapter><section><section><indexterm><primary>

-#: freeculture.xml:13670
+#: freeculture.xml:13836

 msgid "Public Enemy"
 msgstr ""
 
 #. type: Content of: <book><chapter><section><section><indexterm><primary>
 msgid "Public Enemy"
 msgstr ""
 
 #. type: Content of: <book><chapter><section><section><indexterm><primary>

-#: freeculture.xml:13671
+#: freeculture.xml:13837

 msgid "rap music"
 msgstr ""
 
 #. type: Content of: <book><chapter><section><section><indexterm><primary>
 msgid "rap music"
 msgstr ""
 
 #. type: Content of: <book><chapter><section><section><indexterm><primary>

-#: freeculture.xml:13672
+#: freeculture.xml:13838

 msgid "Leaphart, Walter"
 msgstr ""
 
 #.  f2. 
 #. type: Content of: <book><chapter><section><section><para><footnote><para>
 msgid "Leaphart, Walter"
 msgstr ""
 
 #.  f2. 
 #. type: Content of: <book><chapter><section><section><para><footnote><para>

-#: freeculture.xml:13689
+#: freeculture.xml:13855

 msgid ""
 "<citetitle>Willful Infringement: A Report from the Front Lines of the Real "
 "Culture Wars</citetitle> (2003), produced by Jed Horovitz, directed by Greg "
 msgid ""
 "<citetitle>Willful Infringement: A Report from the Front Lines of the Real "
 "Culture Wars</citetitle> (2003), produced by Jed Horovitz, directed by Greg "


@@ -18203,7 +18975,7 @@ msgid ""
 msgstr ""
 
 #. type: Content of: <book><chapter><section><section><para>
 msgstr ""
 
 #. type: Content of: <book><chapter><section><section><para>

-#: freeculture.xml:13674
+#: freeculture.xml:13840

 msgid ""
 "These are examples of using the Commons to better spread proprietary "
 "content. I believe that is a wonderful and common use of the Commons. There "
 msgid ""
 "These are examples of using the Commons to better spread proprietary "
 "content. I believe that is a wonderful and common use of the Commons. There "


@@ -18223,7 +18995,7 @@ msgid ""
 msgstr ""
 
 #. type: Content of: <book><chapter><section><section><para>
 msgstr ""
 
 #. type: Content of: <book><chapter><section><section><para>

-#: freeculture.xml:13698
+#: freeculture.xml:13864

 msgid ""
 "Finally, there are many who mark their content with a Creative Commons "
 "license just because they want to express to others the importance of "
 msgid ""
 "Finally, there are many who mark their content with a Creative Commons "
 "license just because they want to express to others the importance of "


@@ -18238,7 +19010,7 @@ msgstr ""
 
 #.  PAGE BREAK 291 
 #. type: Content of: <book><chapter><section><section><para>
 
 #.  PAGE BREAK 291 
 #. type: Content of: <book><chapter><section><section><para>

-#: freeculture.xml:13710
+#: freeculture.xml:13876

 msgid ""
 "In the first six months of the Creative Commons experiment, over 1 million "
 "objects were licensed with these free-culture licenses. The next step is "
 msgid ""
 "In the first six months of the Creative Commons experiment, over 1 million "
 "objects were licensed with these free-culture licenses. The next step is "


@@ -18249,7 +19021,7 @@ msgid ""
 msgstr ""
 
 #. type: Content of: <book><chapter><section><section><para>
 msgstr ""
 
 #. type: Content of: <book><chapter><section><section><para>

-#: freeculture.xml:13720
+#: freeculture.xml:13886

 msgid ""
 "These are first steps to rebuilding a public domain. They are not mere "
 "arguments; they are action. Building a public domain is the first step to "
 msgid ""
 "These are first steps to rebuilding a public domain. They are not mere "
 "arguments; they are action. Building a public domain is the first step to "


@@ -18260,7 +19032,7 @@ msgid ""
 msgstr ""
 
 #. type: Content of: <book><chapter><section><section><para>
 msgstr ""
 
 #. type: Content of: <book><chapter><section><section><para>

-#: freeculture.xml:13728
+#: freeculture.xml:13894

 msgid ""
 "Creative Commons is just one example of voluntary efforts by individuals and "
 "creators to change the mix of rights that now govern the creative field. The "
 msgid ""
 "Creative Commons is just one example of voluntary efforts by individuals and "
 "creators to change the mix of rights that now govern the creative field. The "


@@ -18271,22 +19043,22 @@ msgid ""
 msgstr ""
 
 #. type: Content of: <book><chapter><section><title>
 msgstr ""
 
 #. type: Content of: <book><chapter><section><title>

-#: freeculture.xml:13742
+#: freeculture.xml:13908

 msgid "THEM, SOON"
 msgstr ""
 
 #. type: Content of: <book><chapter><section><para>
 msgid "THEM, SOON"
 msgstr ""
 
 #. type: Content of: <book><chapter><section><para>

-#: freeculture.xml:13744
+#: freeculture.xml:13910

 msgid ""
 msgid ""

-"We will not reclaim a free culture by individual action alone. It will also "
-"take important reforms of laws. We have a long way to go before the "
-"politicians will listen to these ideas and implement these reforms.  But "
-"that also means that we have time to build awareness around the changes that "
-"we need."
+"<emphasis role='strong'>We will</emphasis> not reclaim a free culture by "
+"individual action alone. It will also take important reforms of laws. We "
+"have a long way to go before the politicians will listen to these ideas and "
+"implement these reforms.  But that also means that we have time to build "
+"awareness around the changes that we need."

 msgstr ""
 
 #. type: Content of: <book><chapter><section><para>
 msgstr ""
 
 #. type: Content of: <book><chapter><section><para>

-#: freeculture.xml:13751
+#: freeculture.xml:13917

 msgid ""
 "In this chapter, I outline five kinds of changes: four that are general, and "
 "one that's specific to the most heated battle of the day, music. Each is a "
 msgid ""
 "In this chapter, I outline five kinds of changes: four that are general, and "
 "one that's specific to the most heated battle of the day, music. Each is a "


@@ -18295,12 +19067,12 @@ msgid ""
 msgstr ""
 
 #. type: Content of: <book><chapter><section><section><title>
 msgstr ""
 
 #. type: Content of: <book><chapter><section><section><title>

-#: freeculture.xml:13758
+#: freeculture.xml:13924

 msgid "1. More Formalities"
 msgstr ""
 
 #. type: Content of: <book><chapter><section><section><para>
 msgid "1. More Formalities"
 msgstr ""
 
 #. type: Content of: <book><chapter><section><section><para>

-#: freeculture.xml:13760
+#: freeculture.xml:13926

 msgid ""
 "If you buy a house, you have to record the sale in a deed. If you buy land "
 "upon which to build a house, you have to record the purchase in a deed.  If "
 msgid ""
 "If you buy a house, you have to record the sale in a deed. If you buy land "
 "upon which to build a house, you have to record the purchase in a deed.  If "


@@ -18310,14 +19082,14 @@ msgstr ""
 
 #.  PAGE BREAK 293 
 #. type: Content of: <book><chapter><section><section><para>
 
 #.  PAGE BREAK 293 
 #. type: Content of: <book><chapter><section><section><para>

-#: freeculture.xml:13767
+#: freeculture.xml:13933

 msgid ""
 "These are all formalities associated with property. They are requirements "
 "that we all must bear if we want our property to be protected."
 msgstr ""
 
 #. type: Content of: <book><chapter><section><section><para>
 msgid ""
 "These are all formalities associated with property. They are requirements "
 "that we all must bear if we want our property to be protected."
 msgstr ""
 
 #. type: Content of: <book><chapter><section><section><para>

-#: freeculture.xml:13772
+#: freeculture.xml:13938

 msgid ""
 "In contrast, under current copyright law, you automatically get a copyright, "
 "regardless of whether you comply with any formality. You don't have to "
 msgid ""
 "In contrast, under current copyright law, you automatically get a copyright, "
 "regardless of whether you comply with any formality. You don't have to "


@@ -18326,12 +19098,12 @@ msgid ""
 msgstr ""
 
 #. type: Content of: <book><chapter><section><section><para>
 msgstr ""
 
 #. type: Content of: <book><chapter><section><section><para>

-#: freeculture.xml:13778
+#: freeculture.xml:13944

 msgid "Why?"
 msgstr ""
 
 #. type: Content of: <book><chapter><section><section><para>
 msgid "Why?"
 msgstr ""
 
 #. type: Content of: <book><chapter><section><section><para>

-#: freeculture.xml:13781
+#: freeculture.xml:13947

 msgid ""
 "As I suggested in chapter <xref xrefstyle=\"select: labelnumber\" "
 "linkend=\"property-i\"/>, the motivation to abolish formalities was a good "
 msgid ""
 "As I suggested in chapter <xref xrefstyle=\"select: labelnumber\" "
 "linkend=\"property-i\"/>, the motivation to abolish formalities was a good "


@@ -18342,7 +19114,7 @@ msgid ""
 msgstr ""
 
 #. type: Content of: <book><chapter><section><section><para>
 msgstr ""
 
 #. type: Content of: <book><chapter><section><section><para>

-#: freeculture.xml:13790
+#: freeculture.xml:13956

 msgid ""
 "But the Internet changes all this. Formalities today need not be a "
 "burden. Rather, the world without formalities is the world that burdens "
 msgid ""
 "But the Internet changes all this. Formalities today need not be a "
 "burden. Rather, the world without formalities is the world that burdens "


@@ -18357,7 +19129,7 @@ msgstr ""
 
 #.  f1. 
 #. type: Content of: <book><chapter><section><section><para><footnote><para>
 
 #.  f1. 
 #. type: Content of: <book><chapter><section><section><para><footnote><para>

-#: freeculture.xml:13804
+#: freeculture.xml:13970

 msgid ""
 "The proposal I am advancing here would apply to American works only.  "
 "Obviously, I believe it would be beneficial for the same idea to be adopted "
 msgid ""
 "The proposal I am advancing here would apply to American works only.  "
 "Obviously, I believe it would be beneficial for the same idea to be adopted "


@@ -18365,7 +19137,7 @@ msgid ""
 msgstr ""
 
 #. type: Content of: <book><chapter><section><section><para>
 msgstr ""
 
 #. type: Content of: <book><chapter><section><section><para>

-#: freeculture.xml:13802
+#: freeculture.xml:13968

 msgid ""
 "The law should therefore change this requirement<placeholder "
 "type=\"footnote\" id=\"0\"/>&mdash;but it should not change it by going back "
 msgid ""
 "The law should therefore change this requirement<placeholder "
 "type=\"footnote\" id=\"0\"/>&mdash;but it should not change it by going back "


@@ -18375,7 +19147,7 @@ msgid ""
 msgstr ""
 
 #. type: Content of: <book><chapter><section><section><para>
 msgstr ""
 
 #. type: Content of: <book><chapter><section><section><para>

-#: freeculture.xml:13812
+#: freeculture.xml:13978

 msgid ""
 "The important formalities are three: marking copyrighted work, registering "
 "copyrights, and renewing the claim to copyright. Traditionally, the first of "
 msgid ""
 "The important formalities are three: marking copyrighted work, registering "
 "copyrights, and renewing the claim to copyright. Traditionally, the first of "


@@ -18386,12 +19158,12 @@ msgid ""
 msgstr ""
 
 #. type: Content of: <book><chapter><section><section><section><title>
 msgstr ""
 
 #. type: Content of: <book><chapter><section><section><section><title>

-#: freeculture.xml:13824
+#: freeculture.xml:13990

 msgid "REGISTRATION AND RENEWAL"
 msgstr ""
 
 #. type: Content of: <book><chapter><section><section><section><para>
 msgid "REGISTRATION AND RENEWAL"
 msgstr ""
 
 #. type: Content of: <book><chapter><section><section><section><para>

-#: freeculture.xml:13826
+#: freeculture.xml:13992

 msgid ""
 "Under the old system, a copyright owner had to file a registration with the "
 "Copyright Office to register or renew a copyright. When filing that "
 msgid ""
 "Under the old system, a copyright owner had to file a registration with the "
 "Copyright Office to register or renew a copyright. When filing that "


@@ -18406,7 +19178,7 @@ msgid ""
 msgstr ""
 
 #. type: Content of: <book><chapter><section><section><section><para>
 msgstr ""
 
 #. type: Content of: <book><chapter><section><section><section><para>

-#: freeculture.xml:13839
+#: freeculture.xml:14005

 msgid ""
 "Yet it is always astonishing to me that we, who come from a tradition of "
 "extraordinary innovation in governmental design, can no longer think "
 msgid ""
 "Yet it is always astonishing to me that we, who come from a tradition of "
 "extraordinary innovation in governmental design, can no longer think "


@@ -18418,7 +19190,7 @@ msgid ""
 msgstr ""
 
 #. type: Content of: <book><chapter><section><section><section><para>
 msgstr ""
 
 #. type: Content of: <book><chapter><section><section><section><para>

-#: freeculture.xml:13848
+#: freeculture.xml:14014

 msgid ""
 "In the context of registration, one obvious model is the Internet.  There "
 "are at least 32 million Web sites registered around the world.  Domain name "
 msgid ""
 "In the context of registration, one obvious model is the Internet.  There "
 "are at least 32 million Web sites registered around the world.  Domain name "


@@ -18431,7 +19203,7 @@ msgstr ""
 
 #.  PAGE BREAK 295 
 #. type: Content of: <book><chapter><section><section><section><para>
 
 #.  PAGE BREAK 295 
 #. type: Content of: <book><chapter><section><section><section><para>

-#: freeculture.xml:13858
+#: freeculture.xml:14024

 msgid ""
 "We should adopt a similar model for the registration and renewal of "
 "copyrights. The Copyright Office may well serve as the central registry, but "
 msgid ""
 "We should adopt a similar model for the registration and renewal of "
 "copyrights. The Copyright Office may well serve as the central registry, but "


@@ -18445,12 +19217,12 @@ msgid ""
 msgstr ""
 
 #. type: Content of: <book><chapter><section><section><section><title>
 msgstr ""
 
 #. type: Content of: <book><chapter><section><section><section><title>

-#: freeculture.xml:13873
+#: freeculture.xml:14039

 msgid "MARKING"
 msgstr ""
 
 #. type: Content of: <book><chapter><section><section><section><para>
 msgid "MARKING"
 msgstr ""
 
 #. type: Content of: <book><chapter><section><section><section><para>

-#: freeculture.xml:13875
+#: freeculture.xml:14041

 msgid ""
 "It used to be that the failure to include a copyright notice on a creative "
 "work meant that the copyright was forfeited. That was a harsh punishment for "
 msgid ""
 "It used to be that the failure to include a copyright notice on a creative "
 "work meant that the copyright was forfeited. That was a harsh punishment for "


@@ -18462,7 +19234,7 @@ msgid ""
 msgstr ""
 
 #. type: Content of: <book><chapter><section><section><section><para>
 msgstr ""
 
 #. type: Content of: <book><chapter><section><section><section><para>

-#: freeculture.xml:13885
+#: freeculture.xml:14051

 msgid ""
 "The aim of marking is to signal to the public that this work is copyrighted "
 "and that the author wants to enforce his rights. The mark also makes it easy "
 msgid ""
 "The aim of marking is to signal to the public that this work is copyrighted "
 "and that the author wants to enforce his rights. The mark also makes it easy "


@@ -18470,7 +19242,7 @@ msgid ""
 msgstr ""
 
 #. type: Content of: <book><chapter><section><section><section><para>
 msgstr ""
 
 #. type: Content of: <book><chapter><section><section><section><para>

-#: freeculture.xml:13891
+#: freeculture.xml:14057

 msgid ""
 "One of the problems the copyright system confronted early on was that "
 "different copyrighted works had to be differently marked. It wasn't clear "
 msgid ""
 "One of the problems the copyright system confronted early on was that "
 "different copyrighted works had to be differently marked. It wasn't clear "


@@ -18484,7 +19256,7 @@ msgstr ""
 
 #.  f2. 
 #. type: Content of: <book><chapter><section><section><section><para><footnote><para>
 
 #.  f2. 
 #. type: Content of: <book><chapter><section><section><section><para><footnote><para>

-#: freeculture.xml:13908
+#: freeculture.xml:14074

 msgid ""
 "There would be a complication with derivative works that I have not solved "
 "here. In my view, the law of derivatives creates a more complicated system "
 msgid ""
 "There would be a complication with derivative works that I have not solved "
 "here. In my view, the law of derivatives creates a more complicated system "


@@ -18493,7 +19265,7 @@ msgstr ""
 
 #.  PAGE BREAK 296 
 #. type: Content of: <book><chapter><section><section><section><para>
 
 #.  PAGE BREAK 296 
 #. type: Content of: <book><chapter><section><section><section><para>

-#: freeculture.xml:13901
+#: freeculture.xml:14067

 msgid ""
 "Let's start with the last point. If a copyright owner allows his work to be "
 "published without a copyright notice, the consequence of that failure need "
 msgid ""
 "Let's start with the last point. If a copyright owner allows his work to be "
 "published without a copyright notice, the consequence of that failure need "


@@ -18509,7 +19281,7 @@ msgid ""
 msgstr ""
 
 #. type: Content of: <book><chapter><section><section><section><para>
 msgstr ""
 
 #. type: Content of: <book><chapter><section><section><section><para>

-#: freeculture.xml:13921
+#: freeculture.xml:14087

 msgid ""
 "That in turn raises the question about how work should best be marked. Here "
 "again, the system needs to adjust as the technologies evolve. The best way "
 msgid ""
 "That in turn raises the question about how work should best be marked. Here "
 "again, the system needs to adjust as the technologies evolve. The best way "


@@ -18518,8 +19290,13 @@ msgid ""
 "elsewhere."
 msgstr ""
 
 "elsewhere."
 msgstr ""
 

+#. type: Content of: <book><chapter><section><section><section><indexterm><secondary>
+#: freeculture.xml:14093
+msgid "copyright marking of"
+msgstr ""
+

 #. type: Content of: <book><chapter><section><section><section><para>
 #. type: Content of: <book><chapter><section><section><section><para>

-#: freeculture.xml:13928
+#: freeculture.xml:14095

 msgid ""
 "For example, if a recording industry association devises a method for "
 "marking CDs, it would propose that to the Copyright Office. The Copyright "
 msgid ""
 "For example, if a recording industry association devises a method for "
 "marking CDs, it would propose that to the Copyright Office. The Copyright "


@@ -18533,7 +19310,7 @@ msgid ""
 msgstr ""
 
 #. type: Content of: <book><chapter><section><section><section><para>
 msgstr ""
 
 #. type: Content of: <book><chapter><section><section><section><para>

-#: freeculture.xml:13940
+#: freeculture.xml:14107

 msgid ""
 "Finally, marking content clearly would simplify registration requirements.  "
 "If photographs were marked by author and year, there would be little reason "
 msgid ""
 "Finally, marking content clearly would simplify registration requirements.  "
 "If photographs were marked by author and year, there would be little reason "


@@ -18544,7 +19321,7 @@ msgid ""
 msgstr ""
 
 #. type: Content of: <book><chapter><section><section><section><para>
 msgstr ""
 
 #. type: Content of: <book><chapter><section><section><section><para>

-#: freeculture.xml:13948
+#: freeculture.xml:14115

 msgid ""
 "The objective of formalities is to make things clear. The existing system "
 "does nothing to make things clear. Indeed, it seems designed to make things "
 msgid ""
 "The objective of formalities is to make things clear. The existing system "
 "does nothing to make things clear. Indeed, it seems designed to make things "


@@ -18552,7 +19329,7 @@ msgid ""
 msgstr ""
 
 #. type: Content of: <book><chapter><section><section><section><para>
 msgstr ""
 
 #. type: Content of: <book><chapter><section><section><section><para>

-#: freeculture.xml:13953
+#: freeculture.xml:14120

 msgid ""
 "If formalities such as registration were reinstated, one of the most "
 "difficult aspects of relying upon the public domain would be removed.  It "
 msgid ""
 "If formalities such as registration were reinstated, one of the most "
 "difficult aspects of relying upon the public domain would be removed.  It "


@@ -18563,12 +19340,12 @@ msgid ""
 msgstr ""
 
 #. type: Content of: <book><chapter><section><section><title>
 msgstr ""
 
 #. type: Content of: <book><chapter><section><section><title>

-#: freeculture.xml:13965
+#: freeculture.xml:14132

 msgid "2. Shorter Terms"
 msgstr ""
 
 #. type: Content of: <book><chapter><section><section><para>
 msgid "2. Shorter Terms"
 msgstr ""
 
 #. type: Content of: <book><chapter><section><section><para>

-#: freeculture.xml:13967
+#: freeculture.xml:14134

 msgid ""
 "The term of copyright has gone from fourteen years to ninety-five years for "
 "corporate authors, and life of the author plus seventy years for natural "
 msgid ""
 "The term of copyright has gone from fourteen years to ninety-five years for "
 "corporate authors, and life of the author plus seventy years for natural "


@@ -18577,7 +19354,7 @@ msgstr ""
 
 #.  f3. 
 #. type: Content of: <book><chapter><section><section><para><footnote><para>
 
 #.  f3. 
 #. type: Content of: <book><chapter><section><section><para><footnote><para>

-#: freeculture.xml:13980
+#: freeculture.xml:14147

 msgid ""
 "<quote>A Radical Rethink,</quote> <citetitle>Economist</citetitle>, 366:8308 "
 "(25 January 2003): 15, available at <ulink "
 msgid ""
 "<quote>A Radical Rethink,</quote> <citetitle>Economist</citetitle>, 366:8308 "
 "(25 January 2003): 15, available at <ulink "


@@ -18585,7 +19362,7 @@ msgid ""
 msgstr ""
 
 #. type: Content of: <book><chapter><section><section><para>
 msgstr ""
 
 #. type: Content of: <book><chapter><section><section><para>

-#: freeculture.xml:13972
+#: freeculture.xml:14139

 msgid ""
 "In <citetitle>The Future of Ideas</citetitle>, I proposed a "
 "seventy-five-year term, granted in five-year increments with a requirement "
 msgid ""
 "In <citetitle>The Future of Ideas</citetitle>, I proposed a "
 "seventy-five-year term, granted in five-year increments with a requirement "


@@ -18598,7 +19375,7 @@ msgid ""
 msgstr ""
 
 #. type: Content of: <book><chapter><section><section><para>
 msgstr ""
 
 #. type: Content of: <book><chapter><section><section><para>

-#: freeculture.xml:13987
+#: freeculture.xml:14154

 msgid ""
 "I agree with those who believe that we need a radical change in copyright's "
 "term. But whether fourteen years or seventy-five, there are four principles "
 msgid ""
 "I agree with those who believe that we need a radical change in copyright's "
 "term. But whether fourteen years or seventy-five, there are four principles "


@@ -18607,7 +19384,7 @@ msgstr ""
 
 #.  (1) 
 #. type: Content of: <book><chapter><section><section><orderedlist><listitem><para>
 
 #.  (1) 
 #. type: Content of: <book><chapter><section><section><orderedlist><listitem><para>

-#: freeculture.xml:13995
+#: freeculture.xml:14162

 msgid ""
 "<emphasis>Keep it short:</emphasis> The term should be as long as necessary "
 "to give incentives to create, but no longer. If it were tied to very strong "
 msgid ""
 "<emphasis>Keep it short:</emphasis> The term should be as long as necessary "
 "to give incentives to create, but no longer. If it were tied to very strong "


@@ -18620,7 +19397,7 @@ msgstr ""
 #.  (2) 
 #.  PAGE BREAK 298 
 #. type: Content of: <book><chapter><section><section><orderedlist><listitem><para>
 #.  (2) 
 #.  PAGE BREAK 298 
 #. type: Content of: <book><chapter><section><section><orderedlist><listitem><para>

-#: freeculture.xml:14004
+#: freeculture.xml:14171

 msgid ""
 "<emphasis>Keep it simple:</emphasis> The line between the public domain and "
 "protected content must be kept clear. Lawyers like the fuzziness of "
 msgid ""
 "<emphasis>Keep it simple:</emphasis> The line between the public domain and "
 "protected content must be kept clear. Lawyers like the fuzziness of "


@@ -18633,22 +19410,22 @@ msgid ""
 "use</quote> and <quote>idea/expression</quote> less necessary to navigate."
 msgstr ""
 
 "use</quote> and <quote>idea/expression</quote> less necessary to navigate."
 msgstr ""
 

+#. type: Content of: <book><chapter><section><section><orderedlist><listitem><indexterm><primary>
+#: freeculture.xml:14183
+msgid "veterans' pensions"
+msgstr ""
+

 #.  f4. 
 #. type: Content of: <book><chapter><section><section><orderedlist><listitem><para><footnote><para>
 #.  f4. 
 #. type: Content of: <book><chapter><section><section><orderedlist><listitem><para><footnote><para>

-#: freeculture.xml:14025
+#: freeculture.xml:14194

 msgid ""
 "Department of Veterans Affairs, Veteran's Application for Compensation "
 "and/or Pension, VA Form 21-526 (OMB Approved No. 2900-0001), available at "
 "<ulink url=\"http://free-culture.cc/notes/\">link #75</ulink>."
 msgstr ""
 
 msgid ""
 "Department of Veterans Affairs, Veteran's Application for Compensation "
 "and/or Pension, VA Form 21-526 (OMB Approved No. 2900-0001), available at "
 "<ulink url=\"http://free-culture.cc/notes/\">link #75</ulink>."
 msgstr ""
 

-#. type: Content of: <book><chapter><section><section><orderedlist><listitem><para><indexterm><primary>
-#: freeculture.xml:14033
-msgid "veterans' pensions"
-msgstr ""
-

 #. type: Content of: <book><chapter><section><section><orderedlist><listitem><para>
 #. type: Content of: <book><chapter><section><section><orderedlist><listitem><para>

-#: freeculture.xml:14017
+#: freeculture.xml:14186

 msgid ""
 "<emphasis>Keep it alive:</emphasis> Copyright should have to be renewed.  "
 "Especially if the maximum term is long, the copyright owner should be "
 msgid ""
 "<emphasis>Keep it alive:</emphasis> Copyright should have to be renewed.  "
 "Especially if the maximum term is long, the copyright owner should be "


@@ -18658,12 +19435,12 @@ msgid ""
 "for a veteran to apply for a pension.<placeholder type=\"footnote\" "
 "id=\"0\"/> If we make veterans suffer that burden, I don't see why we "
 "couldn't require authors to spend ten minutes every fifty years to file a "
 "for a veteran to apply for a pension.<placeholder type=\"footnote\" "
 "id=\"0\"/> If we make veterans suffer that burden, I don't see why we "
 "couldn't require authors to spend ten minutes every fifty years to file a "

-"single form.  <placeholder type=\"indexterm\" id=\"1\"/>"
+"single form."

 msgstr ""
 
 #.  (4) 
 #. type: Content of: <book><chapter><section><section><orderedlist><listitem><para>
 msgstr ""
 
 #.  (4) 
 #. type: Content of: <book><chapter><section><section><orderedlist><listitem><para>

-#: freeculture.xml:14037
+#: freeculture.xml:14205

 msgid ""
 "<emphasis>Keep it prospective:</emphasis> Whatever the term of copyright "
 "should be, the clearest lesson that economists teach is that a term once "
 msgid ""
 "<emphasis>Keep it prospective:</emphasis> Whatever the term of copyright "
 "should be, the clearest lesson that economists teach is that a term once "


@@ -18680,7 +19457,7 @@ msgid ""
 msgstr ""
 
 #. type: Content of: <book><chapter><section><section><para>
 msgstr ""
 
 #. type: Content of: <book><chapter><section><section><para>

-#: freeculture.xml:14053
+#: freeculture.xml:14221

 msgid ""
 "These changes together should produce an <emphasis>average</emphasis> "
 "copyright term that is much shorter than the current term. Until 1976, the "
 msgid ""
 "These changes together should produce an <emphasis>average</emphasis> "
 "copyright term that is much shorter than the current term. Until 1976, the "


@@ -18688,7 +19465,7 @@ msgid ""
 msgstr ""
 
 #. type: Content of: <book><chapter><section><section><para>
 msgstr ""
 
 #. type: Content of: <book><chapter><section><section><para>

-#: freeculture.xml:14059
+#: freeculture.xml:14227

 msgid ""
 "No doubt the extremists will call these ideas <quote>radical.</quote> (After "
 "all, I call them <quote>extremists.</quote>) But again, the term I "
 msgid ""
 "No doubt the extremists will call these ideas <quote>radical.</quote> (After "
 "all, I call them <quote>extremists.</quote>) But again, the term I "


@@ -18698,12 +19475,12 @@ msgid ""
 msgstr ""
 
 #. type: Content of: <book><chapter><section><section><title>
 msgstr ""
 
 #. type: Content of: <book><chapter><section><section><title>

-#: freeculture.xml:14069
+#: freeculture.xml:14237

 msgid "3. Free Use Vs. Fair Use"
 msgstr ""
 
 #. type: Content of: <book><chapter><section><section><para>
 msgid "3. Free Use Vs. Fair Use"
 msgstr ""
 
 #. type: Content of: <book><chapter><section><section><para>

-#: freeculture.xml:14076
+#: freeculture.xml:14241

 msgid ""
 "As I observed at the beginning of this book, property law originally granted "
 "property owners the right to control their property from the ground to the "
 msgid ""
 "As I observed at the beginning of this book, property law originally granted "
 "property owners the right to control their property from the ground to the "


@@ -18714,7 +19491,7 @@ msgid ""
 msgstr ""
 
 #. type: Content of: <book><chapter><section><section><para>
 msgstr ""
 
 #. type: Content of: <book><chapter><section><section><para>

-#: freeculture.xml:14084
+#: freeculture.xml:14249

 msgid ""
 "Our Constitution gives Congress the power to give authors <quote>exclusive "
 "right</quote> to <quote>their writings.</quote> Congress has given authors "
 msgid ""
 "Our Constitution gives Congress the power to give authors <quote>exclusive "
 "right</quote> to <quote>their writings.</quote> Congress has given authors "


@@ -18725,38 +19502,38 @@ msgid ""
 "movie is not <quote>my writing.</quote>"
 msgstr ""
 
 "movie is not <quote>my writing.</quote>"
 msgstr ""
 

+#. type: Content of: <book><chapter><section><section><indexterm><primary>
+#: freeculture.xml:14257
+msgid "Kaplan, Benjamin"
+msgstr ""
+

 #.  f5. 
 #. type: Content of: <book><chapter><section><section><para><footnote><para>
 #.  f5. 
 #. type: Content of: <book><chapter><section><section><para><footnote><para>

-#: freeculture.xml:14097
+#: freeculture.xml:14263

 msgid ""
 "Benjamin Kaplan, <citetitle>An Unhurried View of Copyright</citetitle> (New "
 "York: Columbia University Press, 1967), 32."
 msgstr ""
 
 msgid ""
 "Benjamin Kaplan, <citetitle>An Unhurried View of Copyright</citetitle> (New "
 "York: Columbia University Press, 1967), 32."
 msgstr ""
 

-#. type: Content of: <book><chapter><section><section><para><indexterm><primary>
-#: freeculture.xml:14103
-msgid "Kaplan, Benjamin"
-msgstr ""
-

 #. type: Content of: <book><chapter><section><section><para>
 #. type: Content of: <book><chapter><section><section><para>

-#: freeculture.xml:14093
+#: freeculture.xml:14259

 msgid ""
 "Congress granted the beginnings of this right in 1870, when it expanded the "
 "exclusive right of copyright to include a right to control translations and "
 "dramatizations of a work.<placeholder type=\"footnote\" id=\"0\"/> The "
 "courts have expanded it slowly through judicial interpretation ever "
 "since. This expansion has been commented upon by one of the law's greatest "
 msgid ""
 "Congress granted the beginnings of this right in 1870, when it expanded the "
 "exclusive right of copyright to include a right to control translations and "
 "dramatizations of a work.<placeholder type=\"footnote\" id=\"0\"/> The "
 "courts have expanded it slowly through judicial interpretation ever "
 "since. This expansion has been commented upon by one of the law's greatest "

-"judges, Judge Benjamin Kaplan.  <placeholder type=\"indexterm\" id=\"1\"/>"
+"judges, Judge Benjamin Kaplan."

 msgstr ""
 
 #.  f6. 
 #. type: Content of: <book><chapter><section><section><blockquote><para><footnote><para>
 msgstr ""
 
 #.  f6. 
 #. type: Content of: <book><chapter><section><section><blockquote><para><footnote><para>

-#: freeculture.xml:14111
+#: freeculture.xml:14276

 msgid "Ibid., 56."
 msgstr ""
 
 #. type: Content of: <book><chapter><section><section><blockquote><para>
 msgid "Ibid., 56."
 msgstr ""
 
 #. type: Content of: <book><chapter><section><section><blockquote><para>

-#: freeculture.xml:14107
+#: freeculture.xml:14272

 msgid ""
 "So inured have we become to the extension of the monopoly to a large range "
 "of so-called derivative works, that we no longer sense the oddity of "
 msgid ""
 "So inured have we become to the extension of the monopoly to a large range "
 "of so-called derivative works, that we no longer sense the oddity of "


@@ -18765,7 +19542,7 @@ msgid ""
 msgstr ""
 
 #. type: Content of: <book><chapter><section><section><para>
 msgstr ""
 
 #. type: Content of: <book><chapter><section><section><para>

-#: freeculture.xml:14116
+#: freeculture.xml:14281

 msgid ""
 "I think it's time to recognize that there are airplanes in this field and "
 "the expansiveness of these rights of derivative use no longer make "
 msgid ""
 "I think it's time to recognize that there are airplanes in this field and "
 "the expansiveness of these rights of derivative use no longer make "


@@ -18775,7 +19552,7 @@ msgid ""
 msgstr ""
 
 #. type: Content of: <book><chapter><section><section><para>
 msgstr ""
 
 #. type: Content of: <book><chapter><section><section><para>

-#: freeculture.xml:14123
+#: freeculture.xml:14288

 msgid ""
 "<emphasis>Term:</emphasis> If Congress wants to grant a derivative right, "
 "then that right should be for a much shorter term. It makes sense to protect "
 msgid ""
 "<emphasis>Term:</emphasis> If Congress wants to grant a derivative right, "
 "then that right should be for a much shorter term. It makes sense to protect "


@@ -18787,7 +19564,7 @@ msgid ""
 msgstr ""
 
 #. type: Content of: <book><chapter><section><section><para>
 msgstr ""
 
 #. type: Content of: <book><chapter><section><section><para>

-#: freeculture.xml:14136
+#: freeculture.xml:14301

 msgid ""
 "<emphasis>Scope:</emphasis> Likewise should the scope of derivative rights "
 "be narrowed.  Again, there are some cases in which derivative rights are "
 msgid ""
 "<emphasis>Scope:</emphasis> Likewise should the scope of derivative rights "
 "be narrowed.  Again, there are some cases in which derivative rights are "


@@ -18802,7 +19579,7 @@ msgid ""
 msgstr ""
 
 #. type: Content of: <book><chapter><section><section><para>
 msgstr ""
 
 #. type: Content of: <book><chapter><section><section><para>

-#: freeculture.xml:14150
+#: freeculture.xml:14315

 msgid ""
 "This was the point that Alben made when describing the making of the Clint "
 "Eastwood CD. While it makes sense to require negotiation for foreseeable "
 msgid ""
 "This was the point that Alben made when describing the making of the Clint "
 "Eastwood CD. While it makes sense to require negotiation for foreseeable "


@@ -18812,12 +19589,12 @@ msgid ""
 msgstr ""
 
 #. type: Content of: <book><chapter><section><section><para><footnote><para><indexterm><primary>
 msgstr ""
 
 #. type: Content of: <book><chapter><section><section><para><footnote><para><indexterm><primary>

-#: freeculture.xml:14166
+#: freeculture.xml:14331

 msgid "Goldstein, Paul"
 msgstr ""
 
 #. type: Content of: <book><chapter><section><section><para><footnote><para>
 msgid "Goldstein, Paul"
 msgstr ""
 
 #. type: Content of: <book><chapter><section><section><para><footnote><para>

-#: freeculture.xml:14164
+#: freeculture.xml:14329

 msgid ""
 "Paul Goldstein, <citetitle>Copyright's Highway: From Gutenberg to the "
 "Celestial Jukebox</citetitle> (Stanford: Stanford University Press, 2003), "
 msgid ""
 "Paul Goldstein, <citetitle>Copyright's Highway: From Gutenberg to the "
 "Celestial Jukebox</citetitle> (Stanford: Stanford University Press, 2003), "


@@ -18825,7 +19602,7 @@ msgid ""
 msgstr ""
 
 #. type: Content of: <book><chapter><section><section><para>
 msgstr ""
 
 #. type: Content of: <book><chapter><section><section><para>

-#: freeculture.xml:14158
+#: freeculture.xml:14323

 msgid ""
 "In each of these cases, the law should mark the uses that are protected, and "
 "the presumption should be that other uses are not protected.  This is the "
 msgid ""
 "In each of these cases, the law should mark the uses that are protected, and "
 "the presumption should be that other uses are not protected.  This is the "


@@ -18835,7 +19612,7 @@ msgid ""
 msgstr ""
 
 #. type: Content of: <book><chapter><section><section><para>
 msgstr ""
 
 #. type: Content of: <book><chapter><section><section><para>

-#: freeculture.xml:14172
+#: freeculture.xml:14337

 msgid ""
 "Goldstein's analysis would make perfect sense if the cost of the legal "
 "system were small. But as we are currently seeing in the context of the "
 msgid ""
 "Goldstein's analysis would make perfect sense if the cost of the legal "
 "system were small. But as we are currently seeing in the context of the "


@@ -18846,7 +19623,7 @@ msgstr ""
 
 #.  PAGE BREAK 301 
 #. type: Content of: <book><chapter><section><section><para>
 
 #.  PAGE BREAK 301 
 #. type: Content of: <book><chapter><section><section><para>

-#: freeculture.xml:14179
+#: freeculture.xml:14344

 msgid ""
 "The law could remedy this problem either by removing protection beyond the "
 "part explicitly drawn or by granting reuse rights upon certain statutory "
 msgid ""
 "The law could remedy this problem either by removing protection beyond the "
 "part explicitly drawn or by granting reuse rights upon certain statutory "


@@ -18856,12 +19633,12 @@ msgid ""
 msgstr ""
 
 #. type: Content of: <book><chapter><section><section><title>
 msgstr ""
 
 #. type: Content of: <book><chapter><section><section><title>

-#: freeculture.xml:14189
+#: freeculture.xml:14354

 msgid "4. Liberate the Music&mdash;Again"
 msgstr ""
 
 #. type: Content of: <book><chapter><section><section><para>
 msgid "4. Liberate the Music&mdash;Again"
 msgstr ""
 
 #. type: Content of: <book><chapter><section><section><para>

-#: freeculture.xml:14191
+#: freeculture.xml:14356

 msgid ""
 "The battle that got this whole war going was about music, so it wouldn't be "
 "fair to end this book without addressing the issue that is, to most people, "
 msgid ""
 "The battle that got this whole war going was about music, so it wouldn't be "
 "fair to end this book without addressing the issue that is, to most people, "


@@ -18871,7 +19648,7 @@ msgid ""
 msgstr ""
 
 #. type: Content of: <book><chapter><section><section><para>
 msgstr ""
 
 #. type: Content of: <book><chapter><section><section><para>

-#: freeculture.xml:14198
+#: freeculture.xml:14363

 msgid ""
 "The appeal of file-sharing music was the crack cocaine of the Internet's "
 "growth. It drove demand for access to the Internet more powerfully than any "
 msgid ""
 "The appeal of file-sharing music was the crack cocaine of the Internet's "
 "growth. It drove demand for access to the Internet more powerfully than any "


@@ -18882,7 +19659,7 @@ msgid ""
 msgstr ""
 
 #. type: Content of: <book><chapter><section><section><para>
 msgstr ""
 
 #. type: Content of: <book><chapter><section><section><para>

-#: freeculture.xml:14207
+#: freeculture.xml:14372

 msgid ""
 "The aim of copyright, with respect to content in general and music in "
 "particular, is to create the incentives for music to be composed, performed, "
 msgid ""
 "The aim of copyright, with respect to content in general and music in "
 "particular, is to create the incentives for music to be composed, performed, "


@@ -18892,7 +19669,7 @@ msgid ""
 msgstr ""
 
 #. type: Content of: <book><chapter><section><section><para>
 msgstr ""
 
 #. type: Content of: <book><chapter><section><section><para>

-#: freeculture.xml:14214
+#: freeculture.xml:14379

 msgid ""
 "File-sharing networks complicate this model by enabling the spread of "
 "content for which the performer has not been paid. But of course, that's not "
 msgid ""
 "File-sharing networks complicate this model by enabling the spread of "
 "content for which the performer has not been paid. But of course, that's not "


@@ -18903,7 +19680,7 @@ msgstr ""
 
 #.  A. 
 #. type: Content of: <book><chapter><section><section><orderedlist><listitem><para>
 
 #.  A. 
 #. type: Content of: <book><chapter><section><section><orderedlist><listitem><para>

-#: freeculture.xml:14223
+#: freeculture.xml:14388

 msgid ""
 "There are some who are using sharing networks as substitutes for purchasing "
 "CDs."
 msgid ""
 "There are some who are using sharing networks as substitutes for purchasing "
 "CDs."


@@ -18911,7 +19688,7 @@ msgstr ""
 
 #.  B. 
 #. type: Content of: <book><chapter><section><section><orderedlist><listitem><para>
 
 #.  B. 
 #. type: Content of: <book><chapter><section><section><orderedlist><listitem><para>

-#: freeculture.xml:14228
+#: freeculture.xml:14393

 msgid ""
 "There are also some who are using sharing networks to sample, on the way to "
 "purchasing CDs."
 msgid ""
 "There are also some who are using sharing networks to sample, on the way to "
 "purchasing CDs."


@@ -18920,7 +19697,7 @@ msgstr ""
 #.  PAGE BREAK 302 
 #.  C. 
 #. type: Content of: <book><chapter><section><section><orderedlist><listitem><para>
 #.  PAGE BREAK 302 
 #.  C. 
 #. type: Content of: <book><chapter><section><section><orderedlist><listitem><para>

-#: freeculture.xml:14234
+#: freeculture.xml:14399

 msgid ""
 "There are many who are using file-sharing networks to get access to content "
 "that is no longer sold but is still under copyright or that would have been "
 msgid ""
 "There are many who are using file-sharing networks to get access to content "
 "that is no longer sold but is still under copyright or that would have been "


@@ -18929,7 +19706,7 @@ msgstr ""
 
 #.  D. 
 #. type: Content of: <book><chapter><section><section><orderedlist><listitem><para>
 
 #.  D. 
 #. type: Content of: <book><chapter><section><section><orderedlist><listitem><para>

-#: freeculture.xml:14240
+#: freeculture.xml:14405

 msgid ""
 "There are many who are using file-sharing networks to get access to content "
 "that is not copyrighted or to get access that the copyright owner plainly "
 msgid ""
 "There are many who are using file-sharing networks to get access to content "
 "that is not copyrighted or to get access that the copyright owner plainly "


@@ -18937,7 +19714,7 @@ msgid ""
 msgstr ""
 
 #. type: Content of: <book><chapter><section><section><para>
 msgstr ""
 
 #. type: Content of: <book><chapter><section><section><para>

-#: freeculture.xml:14246
+#: freeculture.xml:14413

 msgid ""
 "Any reform of the law needs to keep these different uses in focus. It must "
 "avoid burdening type D even if it aims to eliminate type A. The eagerness "
 msgid ""
 "Any reform of the law needs to keep these different uses in focus. It must "
 "avoid burdening type D even if it aims to eliminate type A. The eagerness "


@@ -18948,7 +19725,7 @@ msgid ""
 msgstr ""
 
 #. type: Content of: <book><chapter><section><section><para>
 msgstr ""
 
 #. type: Content of: <book><chapter><section><section><para>

-#: freeculture.xml:14254
+#: freeculture.xml:14421

 msgid ""
 "As I said in chapter <xref xrefstyle=\"select: labelnumber\" "
 "linkend=\"piracy\"/>, the actual harm caused by sharing is controversial.  "
 msgid ""
 "As I said in chapter <xref xrefstyle=\"select: labelnumber\" "
 "linkend=\"piracy\"/>, the actual harm caused by sharing is controversial.  "


@@ -18958,7 +19735,7 @@ msgid ""
 msgstr ""
 
 #. type: Content of: <book><chapter><section><section><para>
 msgstr ""
 
 #. type: Content of: <book><chapter><section><section><para>

-#: freeculture.xml:14262
+#: freeculture.xml:14429

 msgid ""
 "Nonetheless, there is a crucial fact about the current technological context "
 "that we must keep in mind if we are to understand how the law should "
 msgid ""
 "Nonetheless, there is a crucial fact about the current technological context "
 "that we must keep in mind if we are to understand how the law should "


@@ -18966,7 +19743,7 @@ msgid ""
 msgstr ""
 
 #. type: Content of: <book><chapter><section><section><para>
 msgstr ""
 
 #. type: Content of: <book><chapter><section><section><para>

-#: freeculture.xml:14267
+#: freeculture.xml:14434

 msgid ""
 "Today, file sharing is addictive. In ten years, it won't be. It is addictive "
 "today because it is the easiest way to gain access to a broad range of "
 msgid ""
 "Today, file sharing is addictive. In ten years, it won't be. It is addictive "
 "today because it is the easiest way to gain access to a broad range of "


@@ -18981,7 +19758,7 @@ msgstr ""
 
 #.  PAGE BREAK 303 
 #. type: Content of: <book><chapter><section><section><para>
 
 #.  PAGE BREAK 303 
 #. type: Content of: <book><chapter><section><section><para>

-#: freeculture.xml:14279
+#: freeculture.xml:14446

 msgid ""
 "But it will become a reality, and that means the way we get access to the "
 "Internet today is a technology in transition. Policy makers should not make "
 msgid ""
 "But it will become a reality, and that means the way we get access to the "
 "Internet today is a technology in transition. Policy makers should not make "


@@ -18997,13 +19774,13 @@ msgid ""
 msgstr ""
 
 #. type: Content of: <book><chapter><section><section><indexterm><primary>
 msgstr ""
 
 #. type: Content of: <book><chapter><section><section><indexterm><primary>

-#: freeculture.xml:14293
+#: freeculture.xml:14460

 msgid "cell phones, music streamed over"
 msgstr ""
 
 #.  f8. 
 #. type: Content of: <book><chapter><section><section><para><footnote><para>
 msgid "cell phones, music streamed over"
 msgstr ""
 
 #.  f8. 
 #. type: Content of: <book><chapter><section><section><para><footnote><para>

-#: freeculture.xml:14313
+#: freeculture.xml:14480

 msgid ""
 "See, for example, <quote>Music Media Watch,</quote> The J@pan "
 "Inc. Newsletter, 3 April 2002, available at <ulink "
 msgid ""
 "See, for example, <quote>Music Media Watch,</quote> The J@pan "
 "Inc. Newsletter, 3 April 2002, available at <ulink "


@@ -19011,7 +19788,7 @@ msgid ""
 msgstr ""
 
 #. type: Content of: <book><chapter><section><section><para>
 msgstr ""
 
 #. type: Content of: <book><chapter><section><section><para>

-#: freeculture.xml:14295
+#: freeculture.xml:14462

 msgid ""
 "In that world, it will be extremely easy to connect to services that give "
 "you access to content on the fly&mdash;such as Internet radio, content that "
 msgid ""
 "In that world, it will be extremely easy to connect to services that give "
 "you access to content on the fly&mdash;such as Internet radio, content that "


@@ -19033,7 +19810,7 @@ msgstr ""
 
 #.  PAGE BREAK 304 
 #. type: Content of: <book><chapter><section><section><para>
 
 #.  PAGE BREAK 304 
 #. type: Content of: <book><chapter><section><section><para>

-#: freeculture.xml:14320
+#: freeculture.xml:14487

 msgid ""
 "This point about the future is meant to suggest a perspective on the "
 "present: It is emphatically temporary. The <quote>problem</quote> with file "
 msgid ""
 "This point about the future is meant to suggest a perspective on the "
 "present: It is emphatically temporary. The <quote>problem</quote> with file "


@@ -19049,7 +19826,7 @@ msgid ""
 msgstr ""
 
 #. type: Content of: <book><chapter><section><section><para>
 msgstr ""
 
 #. type: Content of: <book><chapter><section><section><para>

-#: freeculture.xml:14336
+#: freeculture.xml:14503

 msgid ""
 "The answer begins with recognizing that there are different "
 "<quote>problems</quote> here to solve. Let's start with type D "
 msgid ""
 "The answer begins with recognizing that there are different "
 "<quote>problems</quote> here to solve. Let's start with type D "


@@ -19063,7 +19840,7 @@ msgid ""
 msgstr ""
 
 #. type: Content of: <book><chapter><section><section><para>
 msgstr ""
 
 #. type: Content of: <book><chapter><section><section><para>

-#: freeculture.xml:14347
+#: freeculture.xml:14514

 msgid ""
 "Type C content raises a different <quote>problem.</quote> This is content "
 "that was, at one time, published and is no longer available. It may be "
 msgid ""
 "Type C content raises a different <quote>problem.</quote> This is content "
 "that was, at one time, published and is no longer available. It may be "


@@ -19075,7 +19852,7 @@ msgid ""
 msgstr ""
 
 #. type: Content of: <book><chapter><section><section><para>
 msgstr ""
 
 #. type: Content of: <book><chapter><section><section><para>

-#: freeculture.xml:14356
+#: freeculture.xml:14525

 msgid ""
 "Again, the model here is the used book store. Once a book goes out of print, "
 "it may still be available in libraries and used book stores. But libraries "
 msgid ""
 "Again, the model here is the used book store. Once a book goes out of print, "
 "it may still be available in libraries and used book stores. But libraries "


@@ -19088,7 +19865,7 @@ msgid ""
 msgstr ""
 
 #. type: Content of: <book><chapter><section><section><para>
 msgstr ""
 
 #. type: Content of: <book><chapter><section><section><para>

-#: freeculture.xml:14366
+#: freeculture.xml:14535

 msgid ""
 "The model of used book stores suggests that the law could simply deem "
 "out-of-print music fair game. If the publisher does not make copies of the "
 msgid ""
 "The model of used book stores suggests that the law could simply deem "
 "out-of-print music fair game. If the publisher does not make copies of the "


@@ -19101,7 +19878,7 @@ msgstr ""
 
 #.  PAGE BREAK 305 
 #. type: Content of: <book><chapter><section><section><para>
 
 #.  PAGE BREAK 305 
 #. type: Content of: <book><chapter><section><section><para>

-#: freeculture.xml:14377
+#: freeculture.xml:14546

 msgid ""
 "Alternatively, the law could create a statutory license that would ensure "
 "that artists get something from the trade of their work. For example, if the "
 msgid ""
 "Alternatively, the law could create a statutory license that would ensure "
 "that artists get something from the trade of their work. For example, if the "


@@ -19113,7 +19890,7 @@ msgid ""
 msgstr ""
 
 #. type: Content of: <book><chapter><section><section><para>
 msgstr ""
 
 #. type: Content of: <book><chapter><section><section><para>

-#: freeculture.xml:14387
+#: freeculture.xml:14556

 msgid ""
 "This system would also create an incentive for publishers to keep works "
 "available commercially. Works that are available commercially would not be "
 msgid ""
 "This system would also create an incentive for publishers to keep works "
 "available commercially. Works that are available commercially would not be "


@@ -19126,7 +19903,7 @@ msgid ""
 msgstr ""
 
 #. type: Content of: <book><chapter><section><section><para>
 msgstr ""
 
 #. type: Content of: <book><chapter><section><section><para>

-#: freeculture.xml:14397
+#: freeculture.xml:14566

 msgid ""
 "The hard case is content of types A and B, and again, this case is hard only "
 "because the extent of the problem will change over time, as the technologies "
 msgid ""
 "The hard case is content of types A and B, and again, this case is hard only "
 "because the extent of the problem will change over time, as the technologies "


@@ -19137,14 +19914,14 @@ msgid ""
 msgstr ""
 
 #. type: Content of: <book><chapter><section><section><para>
 msgstr ""
 
 #. type: Content of: <book><chapter><section><section><para>

-#: freeculture.xml:14405
+#: freeculture.xml:14574

 msgid ""
 "So here's a solution that will at first seem very strange to both sides in "
 "this war, but which upon reflection, I suggest, should make some sense."
 msgstr ""
 
 #. type: Content of: <book><chapter><section><section><para>
 msgid ""
 "So here's a solution that will at first seem very strange to both sides in "
 "this war, but which upon reflection, I suggest, should make some sense."
 msgstr ""
 
 #. type: Content of: <book><chapter><section><section><para>

-#: freeculture.xml:14409
+#: freeculture.xml:14578

 msgid ""
 "Stripped of the rhetoric about the sanctity of property, the basic claim of "
 "the content industry is this: A new technology (the Internet)  has harmed a "
 msgid ""
 "Stripped of the rhetoric about the sanctity of property, the basic claim of "
 "the content industry is this: A new technology (the Internet)  has harmed a "


@@ -19158,7 +19935,7 @@ msgstr ""
 
 #.  PAGE BREAK 306 
 #. type: Content of: <book><chapter><section><section><para>
 
 #.  PAGE BREAK 306 
 #. type: Content of: <book><chapter><section><section><para>

-#: freeculture.xml:14420
+#: freeculture.xml:14589

 msgid ""
 "I love the Internet, and so I don't like likening it to tobacco or "
 "asbestos.  But the analogy is a fair one from the perspective of the law.  "
 msgid ""
 "I love the Internet, and so I don't like likening it to tobacco or "
 "asbestos.  But the analogy is a fair one from the perspective of the law.  "


@@ -19169,17 +19946,17 @@ msgid ""
 msgstr ""
 
 #. type: Content of: <book><chapter><section><section><para><footnote><para><indexterm><primary>
 msgstr ""
 
 #. type: Content of: <book><chapter><section><section><para><footnote><para><indexterm><primary>

-#: freeculture.xml:14469
-msgid "Fisher, William"
+#: freeculture.xml:14596 freeculture.xml:14638
+msgid "Promises to Keep (Fisher)"

 msgstr ""
 
 msgstr ""
 

-#. type: Content of: <book><chapter><section><section><indexterm><primary>
-#: freeculture.xml:14471 freeculture.xml:14484
-msgid "Promises to Keep (Fisher)"
+#. type: Content of: <book><chapter><section><section><para><footnote><para><indexterm><primary>
+#: freeculture.xml:14636
+msgid "Fisher, William"

 msgstr ""
 
 #. type: Content of: <book><chapter><section><section><para><footnote><para>
 msgstr ""
 
 #. type: Content of: <book><chapter><section><section><para><footnote><para>

-#: freeculture.xml:14432
+#: freeculture.xml:14602

 msgid ""
 "<placeholder type=\"indexterm\" id=\"0\"/> William Fisher, "
 "<citetitle>Digital Music: Problems and Possibilities</citetitle> (last "
 msgid ""
 "<placeholder type=\"indexterm\" id=\"0\"/> William Fisher, "
 "<citetitle>Digital Music: Problems and Possibilities</citetitle> (last "


@@ -19221,7 +19998,7 @@ msgid ""
 msgstr ""
 
 #. type: Content of: <book><chapter><section><section><para>
 msgstr ""
 
 #. type: Content of: <book><chapter><section><section><para>

-#: freeculture.xml:14428
+#: freeculture.xml:14598

 msgid ""
 "The idea would be a modification of a proposal that has been floated by "
 "Harvard law professor William Fisher.<placeholder type=\"footnote\" "
 msgid ""
 "The idea would be a modification of a proposal that has been floated by "
 "Harvard law professor William Fisher.<placeholder type=\"footnote\" "


@@ -19236,7 +20013,7 @@ msgid ""
 msgstr ""
 
 #. type: Content of: <book><chapter><section><section><para>
 msgstr ""
 
 #. type: Content of: <book><chapter><section><section><para>

-#: freeculture.xml:14486
+#: freeculture.xml:14652

 msgid ""
 "Fisher's proposal is careful and comprehensive. It raises a million "
 "questions, most of which he answers well in his upcoming book, "
 msgid ""
 "Fisher's proposal is careful and comprehensive. It raises a million "
 "questions, most of which he answers well in his upcoming book, "


@@ -19254,7 +20031,7 @@ msgstr ""
 
 #.  PAGE BREAK 307 
 #. type: Content of: <book><chapter><section><section><para>
 
 #.  PAGE BREAK 307 
 #. type: Content of: <book><chapter><section><section><para>

-#: freeculture.xml:14505
+#: freeculture.xml:14669

 msgid ""
 "Fisher would balk at the idea of allowing the system to lapse. His aim is "
 "not just to ensure that artists are paid, but also to ensure that the system "
 msgid ""
 "Fisher would balk at the idea of allowing the system to lapse. His aim is "
 "not just to ensure that artists are paid, but also to ensure that the system "


@@ -19266,8 +20043,18 @@ msgid ""
 "do with the content itself."
 msgstr ""
 
 "do with the content itself."
 msgstr ""
 

+#. type: Content of: <book><chapter><section><section><indexterm><primary>
+#: freeculture.xml:14682
+msgid "MusicStore"
+msgstr ""
+
+#. type: Content of: <book><chapter><section><section><indexterm><secondary>
+#: freeculture.xml:14684
+msgid "prices of"
+msgstr ""
+

 #. type: Content of: <book><chapter><section><section><para>
 #. type: Content of: <book><chapter><section><section><para>

-#: freeculture.xml:14519
+#: freeculture.xml:14686

 msgid ""
 "No doubt it would be difficult to calculate the proper measure of "
 "<quote>harm</quote> to an industry. But the difficulty of making that "
 msgid ""
 "No doubt it would be difficult to calculate the proper measure of "
 "<quote>harm</quote> to an industry. But the difficulty of making that "


@@ -19284,8 +20071,28 @@ msgid ""
 "on-line."
 msgstr ""
 
 "on-line."
 msgstr ""
 

+#. type: Content of: <book><chapter><section><section><indexterm><primary>
+#: freeculture.xml:14701
+msgid "television"
+msgstr ""
+
+#. type: Content of: <book><chapter><section><section><indexterm><secondary>
+#: freeculture.xml:14701
+msgid "cable vs. broadcast"
+msgstr ""
+
+#. type: Content of: <book><chapter><section><section><indexterm><primary>
+#: freeculture.xml:14704
+msgid "film industry"
+msgstr ""
+
+#. type: Content of: <book><chapter><section><section><indexterm><secondary>
+#: freeculture.xml:14704
+msgid "luxury theatres vs. video piracy in"
+msgstr ""
+

 #. type: Content of: <book><chapter><section><section><para>
 #. type: Content of: <book><chapter><section><section><para>

-#: freeculture.xml:14535
+#: freeculture.xml:14706

 msgid ""
 "This competition has already occurred against the background of "
 "<quote>free</quote> music from p2p systems. As the sellers of cable "
 msgid ""
 "This competition has already occurred against the background of "
 "<quote>free</quote> music from p2p systems. As the sellers of cable "


@@ -19301,7 +20108,7 @@ msgid ""
 msgstr ""
 
 #. type: Content of: <book><chapter><section><section><para>
 msgstr ""
 
 #. type: Content of: <book><chapter><section><section><para>

-#: freeculture.xml:14547
+#: freeculture.xml:14718

 msgid ""
 "This regime of competition, with a backstop to assure that artists don't "
 "lose, would facilitate a great deal of innovation in the delivery of "
 msgid ""
 "This regime of competition, with a backstop to assure that artists don't "
 "lose, would facilitate a great deal of innovation in the delivery of "


@@ -19312,13 +20119,13 @@ msgid ""
 msgstr ""
 
 #. type: Content of: <book><chapter><section><section><para>
 msgstr ""
 
 #. type: Content of: <book><chapter><section><section><para>

-#: freeculture.xml:14556
+#: freeculture.xml:14727

 msgid "In summary, then, my proposal is this:"
 msgstr ""
 
 #.  PAGE BREAK 308 
 #. type: Content of: <book><chapter><section><section><para>
 msgid "In summary, then, my proposal is this:"
 msgstr ""
 
 #.  PAGE BREAK 308 
 #. type: Content of: <book><chapter><section><section><para>

-#: freeculture.xml:14561
+#: freeculture.xml:14732

 msgid ""
 "The Internet is in transition. We should not be regulating a technology in "
 "transition. We should instead be regulating to minimize the harm to "
 msgid ""
 "The Internet is in transition. We should not be regulating a technology in "
 "transition. We should instead be regulating to minimize the harm to "


@@ -19327,19 +20134,19 @@ msgid ""
 msgstr ""
 
 #. type: Content of: <book><chapter><section><section><para>
 msgstr ""
 
 #. type: Content of: <book><chapter><section><section><para>

-#: freeculture.xml:14568
+#: freeculture.xml:14739

 msgid "We can minimize that harm while maximizing the benefit to innovation by"
 msgstr ""
 
 #.  1. 
 #. type: Content of: <book><chapter><section><section><orderedlist><listitem><para>
 msgid "We can minimize that harm while maximizing the benefit to innovation by"
 msgstr ""
 
 #.  1. 
 #. type: Content of: <book><chapter><section><section><orderedlist><listitem><para>

-#: freeculture.xml:14574
+#: freeculture.xml:14745

 msgid "guaranteeing the right to engage in type D sharing;"
 msgstr ""
 
 #.  2. 
 #. type: Content of: <book><chapter><section><section><orderedlist><listitem><para>
 msgid "guaranteeing the right to engage in type D sharing;"
 msgstr ""
 
 #.  2. 
 #. type: Content of: <book><chapter><section><section><orderedlist><listitem><para>

-#: freeculture.xml:14578
+#: freeculture.xml:14749

 msgid ""
 "permitting noncommercial type C sharing without liability, and commercial "
 "type C sharing at a low and fixed rate set by statute;"
 msgid ""
 "permitting noncommercial type C sharing without liability, and commercial "
 "type C sharing at a low and fixed rate set by statute;"


@@ -19347,14 +20154,14 @@ msgstr ""
 
 #.  3. 
 #. type: Content of: <book><chapter><section><section><orderedlist><listitem><para>
 
 #.  3. 
 #. type: Content of: <book><chapter><section><section><orderedlist><listitem><para>

-#: freeculture.xml:14584
+#: freeculture.xml:14755

 msgid ""
 "while in this transition, taxing and compensating for type A sharing, to the "
 "extent actual harm is demonstrated."
 msgstr ""
 
 #. type: Content of: <book><chapter><section><section><para>
 msgid ""
 "while in this transition, taxing and compensating for type A sharing, to the "
 "extent actual harm is demonstrated."
 msgstr ""
 
 #. type: Content of: <book><chapter><section><section><para>

-#: freeculture.xml:14589
+#: freeculture.xml:14760

 msgid ""
 "But what if <quote>piracy</quote> doesn't disappear? What if there is a "
 "competitive market providing content at a low cost, but a significant number "
 msgid ""
 "But what if <quote>piracy</quote> doesn't disappear? What if there is a "
 "competitive market providing content at a low cost, but a significant number "


@@ -19363,7 +20170,7 @@ msgid ""
 msgstr ""
 
 #. type: Content of: <book><chapter><section><section><para>
 msgstr ""
 
 #. type: Content of: <book><chapter><section><section><para>

-#: freeculture.xml:14595
+#: freeculture.xml:14766

 msgid ""
 "Yes, it should. But, again, what it should do depends upon how the facts "
 "develop. These changes may not eliminate type A sharing. But the real issue "
 msgid ""
 "Yes, it should. But, again, what it should do depends upon how the facts "
 "develop. These changes may not eliminate type A sharing. But the real issue "


@@ -19380,7 +20187,7 @@ msgstr ""
 
 #.  PAGE BREAK 309 
 #. type: Content of: <book><chapter><section><section><para>
 
 #.  PAGE BREAK 309 
 #. type: Content of: <book><chapter><section><section><para>

-#: freeculture.xml:14609
+#: freeculture.xml:14780

 msgid ""
 "But we're a long way away from whittling the problem down to this subset of "
 "type A sharers. And our focus until we're there should not be on finding "
 msgid ""
 "But we're a long way away from whittling the problem down to this subset of "
 "type A sharers. And our focus until we're there should not be on finding "


@@ -19390,12 +20197,12 @@ msgid ""
 msgstr ""
 
 #. type: Content of: <book><chapter><section><section><title>
 msgstr ""
 
 #. type: Content of: <book><chapter><section><section><title>

-#: freeculture.xml:14620
+#: freeculture.xml:14791

 msgid "5. Fire Lots of Lawyers"
 msgstr ""
 
 #. type: Content of: <book><chapter><section><section><para>
 msgid "5. Fire Lots of Lawyers"
 msgstr ""
 
 #. type: Content of: <book><chapter><section><section><para>

-#: freeculture.xml:14622
+#: freeculture.xml:14793

 msgid ""
 "I'm a lawyer. I make lawyers for a living. I believe in the law. I believe "
 "in the law of copyright. Indeed, I have devoted my life to working in law, "
 msgid ""
 "I'm a lawyer. I make lawyers for a living. I believe in the law. I believe "
 "in the law of copyright. Indeed, I have devoted my life to working in law, "


@@ -19404,7 +20211,7 @@ msgid ""
 msgstr ""
 
 #. type: Content of: <book><chapter><section><section><para>
 msgstr ""
 
 #. type: Content of: <book><chapter><section><section><para>

-#: freeculture.xml:14628
+#: freeculture.xml:14799

 msgid ""
 "Yet much of this book has been a criticism of lawyers, or the role lawyers "
 "have played in this debate. The law speaks to ideals, but it is my view that "
 msgid ""
 "Yet much of this book has been a criticism of lawyers, or the role lawyers "
 "have played in this debate. The law speaks to ideals, but it is my view that "


@@ -19413,9 +20220,24 @@ msgid ""
 "to question or counter that one strong view queers the law."
 msgstr ""
 
 "to question or counter that one strong view queers the law."
 msgstr ""
 

+#. type: Content of: <book><chapter><section><section><indexterm><primary>
+#: freeculture.xml:14806
+msgid "Nimmer, Melville"
+msgstr ""
+
+#. type: Content of: <book><chapter><section><section><indexterm><primary>
+#: freeculture.xml:14807
+msgid "Sonny Bono Copyright Term Extension Act (CTEA) (1998)"
+msgstr ""
+
+#. type: Content of: <book><chapter><section><section><indexterm><secondary>
+#: freeculture.xml:14807
+msgid "Supreme Court challenge of"
+msgstr ""
+

 #.  f10. 
 #. type: Content of: <book><chapter><section><section><para><footnote><para>
 #.  f10. 
 #. type: Content of: <book><chapter><section><section><para><footnote><para>

-#: freeculture.xml:14645
+#: freeculture.xml:14818

 msgid ""
 "Lawrence Lessig, <quote>Copyright's First Amendment</quote> (Melville "
 "B. Nimmer Memorial Lecture), <citetitle>UCLA Law Review</citetitle> 48 "
 msgid ""
 "Lawrence Lessig, <quote>Copyright's First Amendment</quote> (Melville "
 "B. Nimmer Memorial Lecture), <citetitle>UCLA Law Review</citetitle> 48 "


@@ -19423,7 +20245,7 @@ msgid ""
 msgstr ""
 
 #. type: Content of: <book><chapter><section><section><para>
 msgstr ""
 
 #. type: Content of: <book><chapter><section><section><para>

-#: freeculture.xml:14636
+#: freeculture.xml:14809

 msgid ""
 "The evidence of this bending is compelling. I'm attacked as a "
 "<quote>radical</quote> by many within the profession, yet the positions that "
 msgid ""
 "The evidence of this bending is compelling. I'm attacked as a "
 "<quote>radical</quote> by many within the profession, yet the positions that "


@@ -19436,7 +20258,7 @@ msgid ""
 msgstr ""
 
 #. type: Content of: <book><chapter><section><section><para>
 msgstr ""
 
 #. type: Content of: <book><chapter><section><section><para>

-#: freeculture.xml:14651
+#: freeculture.xml:14824

 msgid ""
 "However, my criticism of the role that lawyers have played in this debate is "
 "not just about a professional bias. It is more importantly about our failure "
 msgid ""
 "However, my criticism of the role that lawyers have played in this debate is "
 "not just about a professional bias. It is more importantly about our failure "


@@ -19444,7 +20266,7 @@ msgid ""
 msgstr ""
 
 #. type: Content of: <book><chapter><section><section><para><footnote><para>
 msgstr ""
 
 #. type: Content of: <book><chapter><section><section><para><footnote><para>

-#: freeculture.xml:14661
+#: freeculture.xml:14834

 msgid ""
 "A good example is the work of Professor Stan Liebowitz. Liebowitz is to be "
 "commended for his careful review of data about infringement, leading him to "
 msgid ""
 "A good example is the work of Professor Stan Liebowitz. Liebowitz is to be "
 "commended for his careful review of data about infringement, leading him to "


@@ -19464,7 +20286,7 @@ msgid ""
 msgstr ""
 
 #. type: Content of: <book><chapter><section><section><para>
 msgstr ""
 
 #. type: Content of: <book><chapter><section><section><para>

-#: freeculture.xml:14656
+#: freeculture.xml:14829

 msgid ""
 "Economists are supposed to be good at reckoning costs and benefits.  But "
 "more often than not, economists, with no clue about how the legal system "
 msgid ""
 "Economists are supposed to be good at reckoning costs and benefits.  But "
 "more often than not, economists, with no clue about how the legal system "


@@ -19476,7 +20298,7 @@ msgstr ""
 
 #.  PAGE BREAK 310 
 #. type: Content of: <book><chapter><section><section><para>
 
 #.  PAGE BREAK 310 
 #. type: Content of: <book><chapter><section><section><para>

-#: freeculture.xml:14685
+#: freeculture.xml:14858

 msgid ""
 "But the legal system doesn't work. Or more accurately, it doesn't work for "
 "anyone except those with the most resources. Not because the system is "
 msgid ""
 "But the legal system doesn't work. Or more accurately, it doesn't work for "
 "anyone except those with the most resources. Not because the system is "


@@ -19486,7 +20308,7 @@ msgid ""
 msgstr ""
 
 #. type: Content of: <book><chapter><section><section><para>
 msgstr ""
 
 #. type: Content of: <book><chapter><section><section><para>

-#: freeculture.xml:14693
+#: freeculture.xml:14866

 msgid ""
 "These costs distort free culture in many ways. A lawyer's time is billed at "
 "the largest firms at more than $400 per hour. How much time should such a "
 msgid ""
 "These costs distort free culture in many ways. A lawyer's time is billed at "
 "the largest firms at more than $400 per hour. How much time should such a "


@@ -19499,7 +20321,7 @@ msgid ""
 msgstr ""
 
 #. type: Content of: <book><chapter><section><section><para>
 msgstr ""
 
 #. type: Content of: <book><chapter><section><section><para>

-#: freeculture.xml:14703
+#: freeculture.xml:14876

 msgid ""
 "The costliness and clumsiness and randomness of this system mock our "
 "tradition. And lawyers, as well as academics, should consider it their duty "
 msgid ""
 "The costliness and clumsiness and randomness of this system mock our "
 "tradition. And lawyers, as well as academics, should consider it their duty "


@@ -19510,7 +20332,7 @@ msgid ""
 msgstr ""
 
 #. type: Content of: <book><chapter><section><section><para>
 msgstr ""
 
 #. type: Content of: <book><chapter><section><section><para>

-#: freeculture.xml:14711
+#: freeculture.xml:14884

 msgid ""
 "But until that reform is complete, we as a society should keep the law away "
 "from areas that we know it will only harm. And that is precisely what the "
 msgid ""
 "But until that reform is complete, we as a society should keep the law away "
 "from areas that we know it will only harm. And that is precisely what the "


@@ -19518,7 +20340,7 @@ msgid ""
 msgstr ""
 
 #. type: Content of: <book><chapter><section><section><para>
 msgstr ""
 
 #. type: Content of: <book><chapter><section><section><para>

-#: freeculture.xml:14718
+#: freeculture.xml:14891

 msgid ""
 "Think about the amazing things your kid could do or make with digital "
 "technology&mdash;the film, the music, the Web page, the blog. Or think about "
 msgid ""
 "Think about the amazing things your kid could do or make with digital "
 "technology&mdash;the film, the music, the Web page, the blog. Or think about "


@@ -19529,9 +20351,9 @@ msgid ""
 "produces. Again, this is the reality of Brezhnev's Russia."
 msgstr ""
 
 "produces. Again, this is the reality of Brezhnev's Russia."
 msgstr ""
 

-#.  PAGE BREAK 311 
+#.  PAGE BREAK 311

 #. type: Content of: <book><chapter><section><section><para>
 #. type: Content of: <book><chapter><section><section><para>

-#: freeculture.xml:14727
+#: freeculture.xml:14900

 msgid ""
 "The law should regulate in certain areas of culture&mdash;but it should "
 "regulate culture only where that regulation does good. Yet lawyers rarely "
 msgid ""
 "The law should regulate in certain areas of culture&mdash;but it should "
 "regulate culture only where that regulation does good. Yet lawyers rarely "


@@ -19541,7 +20363,7 @@ msgid ""
 msgstr ""
 
 #. type: Content of: <book><chapter><section><section><para>
 msgstr ""
 
 #. type: Content of: <book><chapter><section><section><para>

-#: freeculture.xml:14736
+#: freeculture.xml:14909

 msgid ""
 "We should ask, <quote>Why?</quote> Show me why your regulation of culture is "
 "needed. Show me how it does good. And until you can show me both, keep your "
 msgid ""
 "We should ask, <quote>Why?</quote> Show me why your regulation of culture is "
 "needed. Show me how it does good. And until you can show me both, keep your "


@@ -19549,12 +20371,12 @@ msgid ""
 msgstr ""
 
 #. type: Content of: <book><chapter><title>
 msgstr ""
 
 #. type: Content of: <book><chapter><title>

-#: freeculture.xml:14745
+#: freeculture.xml:14918

 msgid "NOTES"
 msgstr ""
 
 #. type: Content of: <book><chapter><para>
 msgid "NOTES"
 msgstr ""
 
 #. type: Content of: <book><chapter><para>

-#: freeculture.xml:14747
+#: freeculture.xml:14920

 msgid ""
 "Throughout this text, there are references to links on the World Wide "
 "Web. As anyone who has tried to use the Web knows, these links can be highly "
 msgid ""
 "Throughout this text, there are references to links on the World Wide "
 "Web. As anyone who has tried to use the Web knows, these links can be highly "


@@ -19568,12 +20390,12 @@ msgid ""
 msgstr ""
 
 #. type: Content of: <book><chapter><title>
 msgstr ""
 
 #. type: Content of: <book><chapter><title>

-#: freeculture.xml:14762
+#: freeculture.xml:14939

 msgid "ACKNOWLEDGMENTS"
 msgstr ""
 
 #. type: Content of: <book><chapter><para>
 msgid "ACKNOWLEDGMENTS"
 msgstr ""
 
 #. type: Content of: <book><chapter><para>

-#: freeculture.xml:14764
+#: freeculture.xml:14941

 msgid ""
 "This book is the product of a long and as yet unsuccessful struggle that "
 "began when I read of Eric Eldred's war to keep books free. Eldred's work "
 msgid ""
 "This book is the product of a long and as yet unsuccessful struggle that "
 "began when I read of Eric Eldred's war to keep books free. Eldred's work "


@@ -19582,7 +20404,7 @@ msgid ""
 msgstr ""
 
 #. type: Content of: <book><chapter><para>
 msgstr ""
 
 #. type: Content of: <book><chapter><para>

-#: freeculture.xml:14771
+#: freeculture.xml:14948

 msgid ""
 "I received guidance in various places from friends and academics, including "
 "Glenn Brown, Peter DiCola, Jennifer Mnookin, Richard Posner, Mark Rose, and "
 msgid ""
 "I received guidance in various places from friends and academics, including "
 "Glenn Brown, Peter DiCola, Jennifer Mnookin, Richard Posner, Mark Rose, and "


@@ -19598,7 +20420,7 @@ msgstr ""
 
 #. PAGE BREAK 337
 #. type: Content of: <book><chapter><para>
 
 #. PAGE BREAK 337
 #. type: Content of: <book><chapter><para>

-#: freeculture.xml:14784
+#: freeculture.xml:14961

 msgid ""
 "Yuko Noguchi helped me to understand the laws of Japan as well as its "
 "culture. I am thankful to her, and to the many in Japan who helped me "
 msgid ""
 "Yuko Noguchi helped me to understand the laws of Japan as well as its "
 "culture. I am thankful to her, and to the many in Japan who helped me "


@@ -19611,7 +20433,7 @@ msgid ""
 msgstr ""
 
 #. type: Content of: <book><chapter><para>
 msgstr ""
 
 #. type: Content of: <book><chapter><para>

-#: freeculture.xml:14795
+#: freeculture.xml:14972

 msgid ""
 "These are the traditional sorts of help that academics regularly draw "
 "upon. But in addition to them, the Internet has made it possible to receive "
 msgid ""
 "These are the traditional sorts of help that academics regularly draw "
 "upon. But in addition to them, the Internet has made it possible to receive "


@@ -19633,7 +20455,7 @@ msgid ""
 msgstr ""
 
 #. type: Content of: <book><chapter><para>
 msgstr ""
 
 #. type: Content of: <book><chapter><para>

-#: freeculture.xml:14815
+#: freeculture.xml:14992

 msgid ""
 "Richard Stallman and Michael Carroll each read the whole book in draft, and "
 "each provided extremely helpful correction and advice.  Michael helped me to "
 msgid ""
 "Richard Stallman and Michael Carroll each read the whole book in draft, and "
 "each provided extremely helpful correction and advice.  Michael helped me to "


@@ -19644,7 +20466,7 @@ msgid ""
 msgstr ""
 
 #. type: Content of: <book><chapter><para>
 msgstr ""
 
 #. type: Content of: <book><chapter><para>

-#: freeculture.xml:14824
+#: freeculture.xml:15001

 msgid ""
 "Finally, and forever, I am thankful to Bettina, who has always insisted that "
 "there would be unending happiness away from these battles, and who has "
 msgid ""
 "Finally, and forever, I am thankful to Bettina, who has always insisted that "
 "there would be unending happiness away from these battles, and who has "