blog/Public_Trusted_Timestamping_services_for_everyone.html

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   6     <title>Petter Reinholdtsen: Public Trusted Timestamping services for everyone</title>
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  14  <h1>
  15      <a href="https://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/">Petter Reinholdtsen</a>
  16
  17  </h1>
  18
  19 </div>
  20
  21
  22     <div class="entry">
  23       <div class="title">Public Trusted Timestamping services for everyone</div>
  24       <div class="date">25th March 2014</div>
  25       <div class="body"><p>Did you ever need to store logs or other files in a way that would
  26 allow it to be used as evidence in court, and needed a way to
  27 demonstrate without reasonable doubt that the file had not been
  28 changed since it was created?  Or, did you ever need to document that
  29 a given document was received at some point in time, like some
  30 archived document or the answer to an exam, and not changed after it
  31 was received?  The problem in these settings is to remove the need to
  32 trust yourself and your computers, while still being able to prove
  33 that a file is the same as it was at some given time in the past.</p>
  34
  35 <p>A solution to these problems is to have a trusted third party
  36 "stamp" the document and verify that at some given time the document
  37 looked a given way.  Such
  38 <a href="https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Notarius">notarius</a> service
  39 have been around for thousands of years, and its digital equivalent is
  40 called a
  41 <a href="http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Trusted_timestamping">trusted
  42 timestamping service</a>.  <a href="http://www.ietf.org/">The Internet
  43 Engineering Task Force</a> standardised how such service could work a
  44 few years ago as <a href="http://tools.ietf.org/html/rfc3161">RFC
  45 3161</a>.  The mechanism is simple.  Create a hash of the file in
  46 question, send it to a trusted third party which add a time stamp to
  47 the hash and sign the result with its private key, and send back the
  48 signed hash + timestamp.  Both email, FTP and HTTP can be used to
  49 request such signature, depending on what is provided by the service
  50 used. Anyone with the document and the signature can then verify that
  51 the document matches the signature by creating their own hash and
  52 checking the signature using the trusted third party public key.
  53 There are several commercial services around providing such
  54 timestamping.  A quick search for
  55 "<a href="https://duckduckgo.com/?q=rfc+3161+service">rfc 3161
  56 service</a>" pointed me to at least
  57 <a href="https://www.digistamp.com/technical/how-a-digital-time-stamp-works/">DigiStamp</a>,
  58 <a href="http://www.quovadisglobal.co.uk/CertificateServices/SigningServices/TimeStamp.aspx">Quo
  59 Vadis</a>,
  60 <a href="https://www.globalsign.com/timestamp-service/">Global Sign</a>
  61 and <a href="http://www.globaltrustfinder.com/TSADefault.aspx">Global
  62 Trust Finder</a>.  The system work as long as the private key of the
  63 trusted third party is not compromised.</p>
  64
  65 <p>But as far as I can tell, there are very few public trusted
  66 timestamp services available for everyone.  I've been looking for one
  67 for a while now. But yesterday I found one over at
  68 <a href="https://www.pki.dfn.de/zeitstempeldienst/">Deutches
  69 Forschungsnetz</a> mentioned in
  70 <a href="http://www.d-mueller.de/blog/dealing-with-trusted-timestamps-in-php-rfc-3161/">a
  71 blog by David Müller</a>.  I then found
  72 <a href="http://www.rz.uni-greifswald.de/support/dfn-pki-zertifikate/zeitstempeldienst.html">a
  73 good recipe on how to use the service</a> over at the University of
  74 Greifswald.</p>
  75
  76 <p><a href="http://www.openssl.org/">The OpenSSL library</a> contain
  77 both server and tools to use and set up your own signing service.  See
  78 the ts(1SSL), tsget(1SSL) manual pages for more details.  The
  79 following shell script demonstrate how to extract a signed timestamp
  80 for any file on the disk in a Debian environment:</p>
  81
  82 <p><blockquote><pre>
  83 #!/bin/sh
  84 set -e
  85 url="http://zeitstempel.dfn.de"
  86 caurl="https://pki.pca.dfn.de/global-services-ca/pub/cacert/chain.txt"
  87 reqfile=$(mktemp -t tmp.XXXXXXXXXX.tsq)
  88 resfile=$(mktemp -t tmp.XXXXXXXXXX.tsr)
  89 cafile=chain.txt
  90 if [ ! -f $cafile ] ; then
  91     wget -O $cafile "$caurl"
  92 fi
  93 openssl ts -query -data "$1" -cert | tee "$reqfile" \
  94     | /usr/lib/ssl/misc/tsget -h "$url" -o "$resfile"
  95 openssl ts -reply -in "$resfile" -text 1>&2
  96 openssl ts -verify -data "$1" -in "$resfile" -CAfile "$cafile" 1>&2
  97 base64 < "$resfile"
  98 rm "$reqfile" "$resfile"
  99 </pre></blockquote></p>
 100
 101 <p>The argument to the script is the file to timestamp, and the output
 102 is a base64 encoded version of the signature to STDOUT and details
 103 about the signature to STDERR.  Note that due to
 104 <a href="http://bugs.debian.org/cgi-bin/bugreport.cgi?bug=742553">a bug
 105 in the tsget script</a>, you might need to modify the included script
 106 and remove the last line.  Or just write your own HTTP uploader using
 107 curl. :) Now you too can prove and verify that files have not been
 108 changed.</p>
 109
 110 <p>But the Internet need more public trusted timestamp services.
 111 Perhaps something for <a href="http://www.uninett.no/">Uninett</a> or
 112 my work place the <a href="http://www.uio.no/">University of Oslo</a>
 113 to set up?</p>
 114 </div>
 115
 116       <div class="tags">Tags: <a href="https://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/tags/english">english</a>, <a href="https://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/tags/sikkerhet">sikkerhet</a>.</div>
 117
 118
 119     </div>
 120
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 123
 124     <div id="sidebar">
 125
 126
 127
 128 <h2>Archive</h2>
 129 <ul>
 130
 131 <li>2024
 132 <ul>
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 164
 165 <li><a href="https://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/archive/2023/12/">December (1)</a></li>
 166
 167 </ul></li>
 168
 169 <li>2022
 170 <ul>
 171
 172 <li><a href="https://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/archive/2022/02/">February (1)</a></li>
 173
 174 <li><a href="https://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/archive/2022/03/">March (3)</a></li>
 175
 176 <li><a href="https://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/archive/2022/04/">April (2)</a></li>
 177
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 179
 180 <li><a href="https://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/archive/2022/07/">July (1)</a></li>
 181
 182 <li><a href="https://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/archive/2022/09/">September (1)</a></li>
 183
 184 <li><a href="https://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/archive/2022/10/">October (1)</a></li>
 185
 186 <li><a href="https://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/archive/2022/12/">December (1)</a></li>
 187
 188 </ul></li>
 189
 190 <li>2021
 191 <ul>
 192
 193 <li><a href="https://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/archive/2021/01/">January (2)</a></li>
 194
 195 <li><a href="https://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/archive/2021/02/">February (1)</a></li>
 196
 197 <li><a href="https://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/archive/2021/05/">May (1)</a></li>
 198
 199 <li><a href="https://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/archive/2021/06/">June (1)</a></li>
 200
 201 <li><a href="https://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/archive/2021/07/">July (3)</a></li>
 202
 203 <li><a href="https://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/archive/2021/08/">August (1)</a></li>
 204
 205 <li><a href="https://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/archive/2021/09/">September (1)</a></li>
 206
 207 <li><a href="https://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/archive/2021/10/">October (1)</a></li>
 208
 209 <li><a href="https://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/archive/2021/12/">December (1)</a></li>
 210
 211 </ul></li>
 212
 213 <li>2020
 214 <ul>
 215
 216 <li><a href="https://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/archive/2020/02/">February (2)</a></li>
 217
 218 <li><a href="https://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/archive/2020/03/">March (2)</a></li>
 219
 220 <li><a href="https://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/archive/2020/04/">April (2)</a></li>
 221
 222 <li><a href="https://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/archive/2020/05/">May (3)</a></li>
 223
 224 <li><a href="https://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/archive/2020/06/">June (2)</a></li>
 225
 226 <li><a href="https://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/archive/2020/07/">July (1)</a></li>
 227
 228 <li><a href="https://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/archive/2020/09/">September (1)</a></li>
 229
 230 <li><a href="https://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/archive/2020/10/">October (1)</a></li>
 231
 232 <li><a href="https://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/archive/2020/11/">November (1)</a></li>
 233
 234 </ul></li>
 235
 236 <li>2019
 237 <ul>
 238
 239 <li><a href="https://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/archive/2019/01/">January (4)</a></li>
 240
 241 <li><a href="https://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/archive/2019/02/">February (3)</a></li>
 242
 243 <li><a href="https://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/archive/2019/03/">March (3)</a></li>
 244
 245 <li><a href="https://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/archive/2019/05/">May (2)</a></li>
 246
 247 <li><a href="https://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/archive/2019/06/">June (5)</a></li>
 248
 249 <li><a href="https://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/archive/2019/07/">July (2)</a></li>
 250
 251 <li><a href="https://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/archive/2019/08/">August (1)</a></li>
 252
 253 <li><a href="https://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/archive/2019/09/">September (1)</a></li>
 254
 255 <li><a href="https://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/archive/2019/11/">November (1)</a></li>
 256
 257 <li><a href="https://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/archive/2019/12/">December (4)</a></li>
 258
 259 </ul></li>
 260
 261 <li>2018
 262 <ul>
 263
 264 <li><a href="https://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/archive/2018/01/">January (1)</a></li>
 265
 266 <li><a href="https://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/archive/2018/02/">February (5)</a></li>
 267
 268 <li><a href="https://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/archive/2018/03/">March (5)</a></li>
 269
 270 <li><a href="https://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/archive/2018/04/">April (3)</a></li>
 271
 272 <li><a href="https://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/archive/2018/06/">June (2)</a></li>
 273
 274 <li><a href="https://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/archive/2018/07/">July (5)</a></li>
 275
 276 <li><a href="https://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/archive/2018/08/">August (3)</a></li>
 277
 278 <li><a href="https://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/archive/2018/09/">September (3)</a></li>
 279
 280 <li><a href="https://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/archive/2018/10/">October (5)</a></li>
 281
 282 <li><a href="https://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/archive/2018/11/">November (2)</a></li>
 283
 284 <li><a href="https://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/archive/2018/12/">December (4)</a></li>
 285
 286 </ul></li>
 287
 288 <li>2017
 289 <ul>
 290
 291 <li><a href="https://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/archive/2017/01/">January (4)</a></li>
 292
 293 <li><a href="https://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/archive/2017/02/">February (3)</a></li>
 294
 295 <li><a href="https://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/archive/2017/03/">March (5)</a></li>
 296
 297 <li><a href="https://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/archive/2017/04/">April (2)</a></li>
 298
 299 <li><a href="https://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/archive/2017/06/">June (5)</a></li>
 300
 301 <li><a href="https://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/archive/2017/07/">July (1)</a></li>
 302
 303 <li><a href="https://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/archive/2017/08/">August (1)</a></li>
 304
 305 <li><a href="https://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/archive/2017/09/">September (3)</a></li>
 306
 307 <li><a href="https://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/archive/2017/10/">October (5)</a></li>
 308
 309 <li><a href="https://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/archive/2017/11/">November (3)</a></li>
 310
 311 <li><a href="https://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/archive/2017/12/">December (4)</a></li>
 312
 313 </ul></li>
 314
 315 <li>2016
 316 <ul>
 317
 318 <li><a href="https://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/archive/2016/01/">January (3)</a></li>
 319
 320 <li><a href="https://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/archive/2016/02/">February (2)</a></li>
 321
 322 <li><a href="https://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/archive/2016/03/">March (3)</a></li>
 323
 324 <li><a href="https://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/archive/2016/04/">April (8)</a></li>
 325
 326 <li><a href="https://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/archive/2016/05/">May (8)</a></li>
 327
 328 <li><a href="https://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/archive/2016/06/">June (2)</a></li>
 329
 330 <li><a href="https://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/archive/2016/07/">July (2)</a></li>
 331
 332 <li><a href="https://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/archive/2016/08/">August (5)</a></li>
 333
 334 <li><a href="https://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/archive/2016/09/">September (2)</a></li>
 335
 336 <li><a href="https://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/archive/2016/10/">October (3)</a></li>
 337
 338 <li><a href="https://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/archive/2016/11/">November (8)</a></li>
 339
 340 <li><a href="https://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/archive/2016/12/">December (5)</a></li>
 341
 342 </ul></li>
 343
 344 <li>2015
 345 <ul>
 346
 347 <li><a href="https://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/archive/2015/01/">January (7)</a></li>
 348
 349 <li><a href="https://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/archive/2015/02/">February (6)</a></li>
 350
 351 <li><a href="https://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/archive/2015/03/">March (1)</a></li>
 352
 353 <li><a href="https://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/archive/2015/04/">April (4)</a></li>
 354
 355 <li><a href="https://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/archive/2015/05/">May (3)</a></li>
 356
 357 <li><a href="https://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/archive/2015/06/">June (4)</a></li>
 358
 359 <li><a href="https://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/archive/2015/07/">July (6)</a></li>
 360
 361 <li><a href="https://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/archive/2015/08/">August (2)</a></li>
 362
 363 <li><a href="https://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/archive/2015/09/">September (2)</a></li>
 364
 365 <li><a href="https://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/archive/2015/10/">October (9)</a></li>
 366
 367 <li><a href="https://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/archive/2015/11/">November (6)</a></li>
 368
 369 <li><a href="https://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/archive/2015/12/">December (3)</a></li>
 370
 371 </ul></li>
 372
 373 <li>2014
 374 <ul>
 375
 376 <li><a href="https://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/archive/2014/01/">January (2)</a></li>
 377
 378 <li><a href="https://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/archive/2014/02/">February (3)</a></li>
 379
 380 <li><a href="https://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/archive/2014/03/">March (8)</a></li>
 381
 382 <li><a href="https://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/archive/2014/04/">April (7)</a></li>
 383
 384 <li><a href="https://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/archive/2014/05/">May (1)</a></li>
 385
 386 <li><a href="https://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/archive/2014/06/">June (2)</a></li>
 387
 388 <li><a href="https://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/archive/2014/07/">July (2)</a></li>
 389
 390 <li><a href="https://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/archive/2014/08/">August (2)</a></li>
 391
 392 <li><a href="https://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/archive/2014/09/">September (5)</a></li>
 393
 394 <li><a href="https://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/archive/2014/10/">October (6)</a></li>
 395
 396 <li><a href="https://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/archive/2014/11/">November (3)</a></li>
 397
 398 <li><a href="https://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/archive/2014/12/">December (5)</a></li>
 399
 400 </ul></li>
 401
 402 <li>2013
 403 <ul>
 404
 405 <li><a href="https://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/archive/2013/01/">January (11)</a></li>
 406
 407 <li><a href="https://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/archive/2013/02/">February (9)</a></li>
 408
 409 <li><a href="https://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/archive/2013/03/">March (9)</a></li>
 410
 411 <li><a href="https://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/archive/2013/04/">April (6)</a></li>
 412
 413 <li><a href="https://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/archive/2013/05/">May (9)</a></li>
 414
 415 <li><a href="https://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/archive/2013/06/">June (10)</a></li>
 416
 417 <li><a href="https://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/archive/2013/07/">July (7)</a></li>
 418
 419 <li><a href="https://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/archive/2013/08/">August (3)</a></li>
 420
 421 <li><a href="https://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/archive/2013/09/">September (5)</a></li>
 422
 423 <li><a href="https://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/archive/2013/10/">October (7)</a></li>
 424
 425 <li><a href="https://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/archive/2013/11/">November (9)</a></li>
 426
 427 <li><a href="https://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/archive/2013/12/">December (3)</a></li>
 428
 429 </ul></li>
 430
 431 <li>2012
 432 <ul>
 433
 434 <li><a href="https://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/archive/2012/01/">January (7)</a></li>
 435
 436 <li><a href="https://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/archive/2012/02/">February (10)</a></li>
 437
 438 <li><a href="https://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/archive/2012/03/">March (17)</a></li>
 439
 440 <li><a href="https://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/archive/2012/04/">April (12)</a></li>
 441
 442 <li><a href="https://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/archive/2012/05/">May (12)</a></li>
 443
 444 <li><a href="https://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/archive/2012/06/">June (20)</a></li>
 445
 446 <li><a href="https://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/archive/2012/07/">July (17)</a></li>
 447
 448 <li><a href="https://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/archive/2012/08/">August (6)</a></li>
 449
 450 <li><a href="https://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/archive/2012/09/">September (9)</a></li>
 451
 452 <li><a href="https://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/archive/2012/10/">October (17)</a></li>
 453
 454 <li><a href="https://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/archive/2012/11/">November (10)</a></li>
 455
 456 <li><a href="https://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/archive/2012/12/">December (7)</a></li>
 457
 458 </ul></li>
 459
 460 <li>2011
 461 <ul>
 462
 463 <li><a href="https://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/archive/2011/01/">January (16)</a></li>
 464
 465 <li><a href="https://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/archive/2011/02/">February (6)</a></li>
 466
 467 <li><a href="https://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/archive/2011/03/">March (6)</a></li>
 468
 469 <li><a href="https://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/archive/2011/04/">April (7)</a></li>
 470
 471 <li><a href="https://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/archive/2011/05/">May (3)</a></li>
 472
 473 <li><a href="https://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/archive/2011/06/">June (2)</a></li>
 474
 475 <li><a href="https://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/archive/2011/07/">July (7)</a></li>
 476
 477 <li><a href="https://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/archive/2011/08/">August (6)</a></li>
 478
 479 <li><a href="https://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/archive/2011/09/">September (4)</a></li>
 480
 481 <li><a href="https://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/archive/2011/10/">October (2)</a></li>
 482
 483 <li><a href="https://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/archive/2011/11/">November (3)</a></li>
 484
 485 <li><a href="https://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/archive/2011/12/">December (1)</a></li>
 486
 487 </ul></li>
 488
 489 <li>2010
 490 <ul>
 491
 492 <li><a href="https://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/archive/2010/01/">January (2)</a></li>
 493
 494 <li><a href="https://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/archive/2010/02/">February (1)</a></li>
 495
 496 <li><a href="https://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/archive/2010/03/">March (3)</a></li>
 497
 498 <li><a href="https://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/archive/2010/04/">April (3)</a></li>
 499
 500 <li><a href="https://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/archive/2010/05/">May (9)</a></li>
 501
 502 <li><a href="https://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/archive/2010/06/">June (14)</a></li>
 503
 504 <li><a href="https://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/archive/2010/07/">July (12)</a></li>
 505
 506 <li><a href="https://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/archive/2010/08/">August (13)</a></li>
 507
 508 <li><a href="https://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/archive/2010/09/">September (7)</a></li>
 509
 510 <li><a href="https://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/archive/2010/10/">October (9)</a></li>
 511
 512 <li><a href="https://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/archive/2010/11/">November (13)</a></li>
 513
 514 <li><a href="https://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/archive/2010/12/">December (12)</a></li>
 515
 516 </ul></li>
 517
 518 <li>2009
 519 <ul>
 520
 521 <li><a href="https://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/archive/2009/01/">January (8)</a></li>
 522
 523 <li><a href="https://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/archive/2009/02/">February (8)</a></li>
 524
 525 <li><a href="https://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/archive/2009/03/">March (12)</a></li>
 526
 527 <li><a href="https://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/archive/2009/04/">April (10)</a></li>
 528
 529 <li><a href="https://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/archive/2009/05/">May (9)</a></li>
 530
 531 <li><a href="https://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/archive/2009/06/">June (3)</a></li>
 532
 533 <li><a href="https://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/archive/2009/07/">July (4)</a></li>
 534
 535 <li><a href="https://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/archive/2009/08/">August (3)</a></li>
 536
 537 <li><a href="https://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/archive/2009/09/">September (1)</a></li>
 538
 539 <li><a href="https://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/archive/2009/10/">October (2)</a></li>
 540
 541 <li><a href="https://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/archive/2009/11/">November (3)</a></li>
 542
 543 <li><a href="https://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/archive/2009/12/">December (3)</a></li>
 544
 545 </ul></li>
 546
 547 <li>2008
 548 <ul>
 549
 550 <li><a href="https://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/archive/2008/11/">November (5)</a></li>
 551
 552 <li><a href="https://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/archive/2008/12/">December (7)</a></li>
 553
 554 </ul></li>
 555
 556 </ul>
 557
 558
 559
 560 <h2>Tags</h2>
 561 <ul>
 562
 563  <li><a href="https://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/tags/3d-printer">3d-printer (19)</a></li>
 564
 565  <li><a href="https://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/tags/amiga">amiga (1)</a></li>
 566
 567  <li><a href="https://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/tags/aros">aros (1)</a></li>
 568
 569  <li><a href="https://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/tags/bankid">bankid (4)</a></li>
 570
 571  <li><a href="https://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/tags/betalkontant">betalkontant (9)</a></li>
 572
 573  <li><a href="https://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/tags/bitcoin">bitcoin (13)</a></li>
 574
 575  <li><a href="https://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/tags/bootsystem">bootsystem (17)</a></li>
 576
 577  <li><a href="https://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/tags/bsa">bsa (2)</a></li>
 578
 579  <li><a href="https://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/tags/chrpath">chrpath (3)</a></li>
 580
 581  <li><a href="https://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/tags/debian">debian (198)</a></li>
 582
 583  <li><a href="https://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/tags/debian edu">debian edu (159)</a></li>
 584
 585  <li><a href="https://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/tags/debian-handbook">debian-handbook (9)</a></li>
 586
 587  <li><a href="https://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/tags/digistan">digistan (11)</a></li>
 588
 589  <li><a href="https://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/tags/dld">dld (18)</a></li>
 590
 591  <li><a href="https://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/tags/docbook">docbook (32)</a></li>
 592
 593  <li><a href="https://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/tags/drivstoffpriser">drivstoffpriser (4)</a></li>
 594
 595  <li><a href="https://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/tags/english">english (460)</a></li>
 596
 597  <li><a href="https://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/tags/fiksgatami">fiksgatami (23)</a></li>
 598
 599  <li><a href="https://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/tags/fildeling">fildeling (14)</a></li>
 600
 601  <li><a href="https://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/tags/freeculture">freeculture (34)</a></li>
 602
 603  <li><a href="https://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/tags/freedombox">freedombox (9)</a></li>
 604
 605  <li><a href="https://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/tags/frikanalen">frikanalen (20)</a></li>
 606
 607  <li><a href="https://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/tags/h264">h264 (20)</a></li>
 608
 609  <li><a href="https://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/tags/intervju">intervju (43)</a></li>
 610
 611  <li><a href="https://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/tags/isenkram">isenkram (18)</a></li>
 612
 613  <li><a href="https://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/tags/kart">kart (23)</a></li>
 614
 615  <li><a href="https://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/tags/kodi">kodi (6)</a></li>
 616
 617  <li><a href="https://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/tags/ldap">ldap (9)</a></li>
 618
 619  <li><a href="https://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/tags/lego">lego (5)</a></li>
 620
 621  <li><a href="https://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/tags/lenker">lenker (8)</a></li>
 622
 623  <li><a href="https://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/tags/linuxcnc">linuxcnc (5)</a></li>
 624
 625  <li><a href="https://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/tags/lsdvd">lsdvd (2)</a></li>
 626
 627  <li><a href="https://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/tags/ltsp">ltsp (1)</a></li>
 628
 629  <li><a href="https://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/tags/madewithcc">madewithcc (3)</a></li>
 630
 631  <li><a href="https://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/tags/mesh network">mesh network (8)</a></li>
 632
 633  <li><a href="https://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/tags/multimedia">multimedia (46)</a></li>
 634
 635  <li><a href="https://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/tags/nice free software">nice free software (15)</a></li>
 636
 637  <li><a href="https://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/tags/noark5">noark5 (25)</a></li>
 638
 639  <li><a href="https://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/tags/norsk">norsk (324)</a></li>
 640
 641  <li><a href="https://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/tags/nuug">nuug (199)</a></li>
 642
 643  <li><a href="https://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/tags/offentlig innsyn">offentlig innsyn (41)</a></li>
 644
 645  <li><a href="https://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/tags/open311">open311 (2)</a></li>
 646
 647  <li><a href="https://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/tags/opensnitch">opensnitch (4)</a></li>
 648
 649  <li><a href="https://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/tags/opphavsrett">opphavsrett (76)</a></li>
 650
 651  <li><a href="https://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/tags/personvern">personvern (114)</a></li>
 652
 653  <li><a href="https://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/tags/raid">raid (4)</a></li>
 654
 655  <li><a href="https://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/tags/reactos">reactos (1)</a></li>
 656
 657  <li><a href="https://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/tags/reprap">reprap (11)</a></li>
 658
 659  <li><a href="https://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/tags/rfid">rfid (3)</a></li>
 660
 661  <li><a href="https://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/tags/robot">robot (17)</a></li>
 662
 663  <li><a href="https://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/tags/rss">rss (1)</a></li>
 664
 665  <li><a href="https://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/tags/ruter">ruter (7)</a></li>
 666
 667  <li><a href="https://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/tags/scraperwiki">scraperwiki (2)</a></li>
 668
 669  <li><a href="https://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/tags/sikkerhet">sikkerhet (60)</a></li>
 670
 671  <li><a href="https://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/tags/sitesummary">sitesummary (4)</a></li>
 672
 673  <li><a href="https://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/tags/skepsis">skepsis (5)</a></li>
 674
 675  <li><a href="https://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/tags/standard">standard (76)</a></li>
 676
 677  <li><a href="https://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/tags/stavekontroll">stavekontroll (7)</a></li>
 678
 679  <li><a href="https://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/tags/stortinget">stortinget (14)</a></li>
 680
 681  <li><a href="https://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/tags/surveillance">surveillance (65)</a></li>
 682
 683  <li><a href="https://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/tags/sysadmin">sysadmin (5)</a></li>
 684
 685  <li><a href="https://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/tags/usenix">usenix (2)</a></li>
 686
 687  <li><a href="https://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/tags/valg">valg (9)</a></li>
 688
 689  <li><a href="https://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/tags/verkidetfri">verkidetfri (22)</a></li>
 690
 691  <li><a href="https://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/tags/video">video (80)</a></li>
 692
 693  <li><a href="https://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/tags/vitenskap">vitenskap (4)</a></li>
 694
 695  <li><a href="https://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/tags/web">web (42)</a></li>
 696
 697 </ul>
 698
 699
 700     </div>
 701     <p style="text-align: right">
 702  Created by <a href="http://steve.org.uk/Software/chronicle">Chronicle v4.6</a>
 703 </p>
 704
 705   </body>
 706 </html>