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  13  <h1>
  14      <a href="http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/">Petter Reinholdtsen</a>
  15
  16  </h1>
  17
  18 </div>
  19
  20
  21
  22     <div class="entry">
  23       <div class="title"><a href="http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/Third_and_probably_last_beta_release_of_Debian_Edu_Wheezy.html">Third and probably last beta release of Debian Edu Wheezy</a></div>
  24       <div class="date">16th September 2013</div>
  25       <div class="body"><p>The third wheezy based beta release of Debian Edu was wrapped up
  26 today.  This is the release announcement from Holger Levsen:</p>
  27
  28 <blockquote>
  29 <p>Hi,</p>
  30
  31 <p>it is my pleasure to announce the third beta release (beta 2 for
  32 short) of <a href="http://www.skolelinux.org/">Debian Edu /
  33 Skolelinux</a> based on Debian Wheezy!</p>
  34
  35 <p>Please test these images extensivly, if no new problems are found
  36 we plan to do this final Debian Edu Wheezy release this coming
  37 weekend.  We are not aware of any major problems or blockers in beta2,
  38 if you find something, please notify us immediately!</p>
  39
  40 <p>(More about the remaining steps for the Edu Wheezy release in
  41 another mail to the edu list tonight or tomorrow...)</p>
  42
  43 <p>Noteworthy changes and software updates for Debian Edu 7.1+edu0~b2
  44 compared to beta1:</p>
  45
  46 <ul>
  47
  48 <li>The KDE proxy setup has been adjusted to use the provided wpad.dat. This
  49 also gets Chromium to use this proxy.</li>
  50 <li>Install kdepim-groupware with KDE desktops to make sure korganizer
  51 understand ical/dav sources.</li>
  52 <li>Increased default maximum size of /var/spool/squid and /skole/backup on the
  53 main server.</li>
  54 <li>A source DVD image containing all source packages is now available as well.</li>
  55 <li>Updates for chromium (29.0.1547.57-1~deb7u1), imagemagick
  56 (6.7.7.10-5+deb7u2), php5 (5.4.4-14+deb7u4), libmodplug
  57 (0.8.8.4-3+deb7u1+git20130828), tiff (4.0.2-6+deb7u2), linux-image
  58 (3.2.0-4-486_3.2.46-1+deb7u1).</li>
  59
  60 </ul>
  61
  62 <p>Where to get it:</p>
  63
  64 <p>To download the multiarch netinstall CD release you can use</p>
  65
  66 <ul>
  67 <li><a href="ftp://ftp.skolelinux.org/skolelinux-cd/wheezy/debian-edu-7.1+edu0~b2-CD.iso">ftp://ftp.skolelinux.org/skolelinux-cd/wheezy/debian-edu-7.1+edu0~b2-CD.iso</a></li>
  68 <li><a href="http://ftp.skolelinux.org/skolelinux-cd/wheezy/debian-edu-7.1+edu0~b2-CD.iso">http://ftp.skolelinux.org/skolelinux-cd/wheezy/debian-edu-7.1+edu0~b2-CD.iso</a></li>
  69 <li>rsync -avzP ftp.skolelinux.org::skolelinux-cd/wheezy/debian-edu-7.1+edu0~b2-CD.iso .</li>
  70 </ul>
  71
  72 <p>The SHA1SUM of this image is:  3a1c89f4666df80eebcd46c5bf5fedb866f9472f</p>
  73
  74 <p>To download the multiarch USB stick ISO release you can use
  75 <ul>
  76 <li><a href="ftp://ftp.skolelinux.org/skolelinux-cd/wheezy/debian-edu-7.1+edu0~b2-USB.iso">ftp://ftp.skolelinux.org/skolelinux-cd/wheezy/debian-edu-7.1+edu0~b2-USB.iso</a></li>
  77 <li><a href="http://ftp.skolelinux.org/skolelinux-cd/wheezy/debian-edu-7.1+edu0~b2-USB.iso">http://ftp.skolelinux.org/skolelinux-cd/wheezy/debian-edu-7.1+edu0~b2-USB.iso</a></li>
  78 <li>rsync -avzP ftp.skolelinux.org::skolelinux-cd/wheezy/debian-edu-7.1+edu0~b2-USB.iso .</li>
  79 </ul>
  80
  81 <p>The SHA1SUM of this image is: 702d1718548f401c74bfa6df9f032cc3ee16597e</p>
  82
  83 <p>The Source DVD image has the filename
  84 debian-edu-7.1+edu0~b2-source-DVD.iso and the SHA1SUM
  85 089eed8b3f962db47aae1f6a9685e9bb2fa30ca5 and is available the same way
  86 as the other isos.</p>
  87
  88 <p>How to report bugs</p>
  89
  90 <p>For information how to report bugs please see
  91 <br><a href="http://wiki.debian.org/DebianEdu/HowTo/ReportBugs">http://wiki.debian.org/DebianEdu/HowTo/ReportBugs</a></p>
  92
  93
  94 <p>About Debian Edu and Skolelinux</p>
  95
  96 <p>Debian Edu, also known as Skolelinux, is a Linux distribution based
  97 on Debian providing an out-of-the box environment of a completely
  98 configured school network. Immediately after installation a school
  99 server running all services needed for a school network is set up just
 100 waiting for users and machines being added via GOsa², a comfortable
 101 Web-UI. A netbooting environment is prepared using PXE, so after
 102 initial installation of the main server from CD or USB stick all other
 103 machines can be installed via the network. The provided school server
 104 provides LDAP database and Kerberos authentication service,
 105 centralized home directories, DHCP server, web proxy and many other
 106 services.  The desktop contains more than 60 educational software
 107 packages and more are available from the Debian archive, and schools
 108 can choose between KDE, Gnome, LXDE and Xfce desktop environment.</p>
 109
 110 <p>This is the seventh test release based on Debian Wheezy. Basically
 111 this is an updated and slightly improved version compared to the
 112 Squeeze release.</p>
 113
 114 <p>Notes for upgrades from Alpha Prereleases</p>
 115
 116 <p>Alpha based installations should reinstall or downgrade the
 117 versions of gosa and libpam-mklocaluser to the ones used in this beta
 118 release. Both alpha and beta0 based installations should reinstall or
 119 deal with gosa.conf manually; there are two options: (1) Keep
 120 gosa.conf and edit this file as outlined on the mailing list. (2)
 121 Accept the new version of gosa.conf and replace both contained admin
 122 password placeholders with the password hashes found in the old one
 123 (backup copy!). In both cases all users need to change their password
 124 to make sure a password is set for CIFS access to their home
 125 directory.</p>
 126
 127
 128 <p>cheers,
 129 <br>        Holger</p>
 130 </blockquote>
 131 </div>
 132       <div class="tags">
 133
 134
 135         Tags: <a href="http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/tags/debian edu">debian edu</a>, <a href="http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/tags/english">english</a>.
 136
 137
 138       </div>
 139     </div>
 140     <div class="padding"></div>
 141
 142     <div class="entry">
 143       <div class="title"><a href="http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/Recipe_to_test_the_Freedombox_project_on_amd64_or_Raspberry_Pi.html">Recipe to test the Freedombox project on amd64 or Raspberry Pi</a></div>
 144       <div class="date">10th September 2013</div>
 145       <div class="body"><p>I was introduced to the
 146 <a href="http://www.freedomboxfoundation.org/">Freedombox project</a>
 147 in 2010, when Eben Moglen presented his vision about serving the need
 148 of non-technical people to keep their personal information private and
 149 within the legal protection of their own homes.  The idea is to give
 150 people back the power over their network and machines, and return
 151 Internet back to its intended peer-to-peer architecture.  Instead of
 152 depending on a central service, the Freedombox will give everyone
 153 control over their own basic infrastructure.</p>
 154
 155 <p>I've intended to join the effort since then, but other tasks have
 156 taken priority.  But this summers nasty news about the misuse of trust
 157 and privilege exercised by the "western" intelligence gathering
 158 communities increased my eagerness to contribute to a point where I
 159 actually started working on the project a while back.</p>
 160
 161 <p>The <a href="https://alioth.debian.org/projects/freedombox/">initial
 162 Debian initiative</a> based on the vision from Eben Moglen, is to
 163 create a simple and cheap Debian based appliance that anyone can hook
 164 up in their home and get access to secure and private services and
 165 communication.  The initial deployment platform have been the
 166 <a href="http://www.globalscaletechnologies.com/t-dreamplugdetails.aspx">Dreamplug</a>,
 167 which is a piece of hardware I do not own.  So to be able to test what
 168 the current Freedombox setup look like, I had to come up with a way to install
 169 it on some hardware I do have access to.  I have rewritten the
 170 <a href="https://github.com/NickDaly/freedom-maker">freedom-maker</a>
 171 image build framework to use .deb packages instead of only copying
 172 setup into the boot images, and thanks to this rewrite I am able to
 173 set up any machine supported by Debian Wheezy as a Freedombox, using
 174 the previously mentioned deb (and a few support debs for packages
 175 missing in Debian).</p>
 176
 177 <p>The current Freedombox setup consist of a set of bootstrapping
 178 scripts
 179 (<a href="https://github.com/petterreinholdtsen/freedombox-setup">freedombox-setup</a>),
 180 and a administrative web interface
 181 (<a href="https://github.com/NickDaly/Plinth">plinth</a> + exmachina +
 182 withsqlite), as well as a privacy enhancing proxy based on
 183 <a href="http://packages.qa.debian.org/privoxy">privoxy</a>
 184 (freedombox-privoxy).  There is also a web/javascript based XMPP
 185 client (<a href="http://packages.qa.debian.org/jwchat">jwchat</a>)
 186 trying (unsuccessfully so far) to talk to the XMPP server
 187 (<a href="http://packages.qa.debian.org/ejabberd">ejabberd</a>).  The
 188 web interface is pluggable, and the goal is to use it to enable OpenID
 189 services, mesh network connectivity, use of TOR, etc, etc.  Not much of
 190 this is really working yet, see
 191 <a href="https://github.com/NickDaly/freedombox-todos/blob/master/TODO">the
 192 project TODO</a> for links to GIT repositories.  Most of the code is
 193 on github at the moment.  The HTTP proxy is operational out of the
 194 box, and the admin web interface can be used to add/remove plinth
 195 users.  I've not been able to do anything else with it so far, but
 196 know there are several branches spread around github and other places
 197 with lots of half baked features.</p>
 198
 199 <p>Anyway, if you want to have a look at the current state, the
 200 following recipes should work to give you a test machine to poke
 201 at.</p>
 202
 203 <p><strong>Debian Wheezy amd64</strong></p>
 204
 205 <ol>
 206
 207 <li>Fetch normal Debian Wheezy installation ISO.</li>
 208 <li>Boot from it, either as CD or USB stick.</li>
 209 <li><p>Press [tab] on the boot prompt and add this as a boot argument
 210 to the Debian installer:<p>
 211 <pre>url=<a href="http://www.reinholdtsen.name/freedombox/preseed-wheezy.dat">http://www.reinholdtsen.name/freedombox/preseed-wheezy.dat</a></pre></li>
 212
 213 <li>Answer the few language/region/password questions and pick disk to
 214 install on.</li>
 215
 216 <li>When the installation is finished and the machine have rebooted a
 217 few times, your Freedombox is ready for testing.</li>
 218
 219 </ol>
 220
 221 <p><strong>Raspberry Pi Raspbian</strong></p>
 222
 223 <ol>
 224
 225 <li>Fetch a Raspbian SD card image, create SD card.</li>
 226 <li>Boot from SD card, extend file system to fill the card completely.</li>
 227 <li><p>Log in and add this to /etc/sources.list:</p>
 228 <pre>
 229 deb <a href="http://www.reinholdtsen.name/freedombox/">http://www.reinholdtsen.name/freedombox</a> wheezy main
 230 </pre></li>
 231 <li><p>Run this as root:</p>
 232 <pre>
 233 wget -O - http://www.reinholdtsen.name/freedombox/BE1A583D.asc | \
 234    apt-key add -
 235 apt-get update
 236 apt-get install freedombox-setup
 237 /usr/lib/freedombox/setup
 238 </pre></li>
 239 <li>Reboot into your freshly created Freedombox.</li>
 240
 241 </ol>
 242
 243 <p>You can test it on other architectures too, but because the
 244 freedombox-privoxy package is binary, it will only work as intended on
 245 the architectures where I have had time to build the binary and put it
 246 in my APT repository.  But do not let this stop you.  It is only a
 247 short "<tt>apt-get source -b freedombox-privoxy</tt>" away. :)</p>
 248
 249 <p>Note that by default Freedombox is a DHCP server on the
 250 192.168.1.0/24 subnet, so if this is your subnet be careful and turn
 251 off the DHCP server by running "<tt>update-rc.d isc-dhcp-server
 252 disable</tt>" as root.</p>
 253
 254 <p>Please let me know if this works for you, or if you have any
 255 problems.  We gather on the IRC channel
 256 <a href="irc://irc.debian.org:6667/%23freedombox">#freedombox</a> on
 257 irc.debian.org and the
 258 <a href="http://lists.alioth.debian.org/cgi-bin/mailman/listinfo/freedombox-discuss">project
 259 mailing list</a>.</p>
 260
 261 <p>Once you get your freedombox operational, you can visit
 262 <tt>http://your-host-name:8001/</tt> to see the state of the plint
 263 welcome screen (dead end - do not be surprised if you are unable to
 264 get past it), and next visit <tt>http://your-host-name:8001/help/</tt>
 265 to look at the rest of plinth.  The default user is 'admin' and the
 266 default password is 'secret'.</p>
 267 </div>
 268       <div class="tags">
 269
 270
 271         Tags: <a href="http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/tags/debian">debian</a>, <a href="http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/tags/english">english</a>, <a href="http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/tags/freedombox">freedombox</a>, <a href="http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/tags/sikkerhet">sikkerhet</a>, <a href="http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/tags/surveillance">surveillance</a>, <a href="http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/tags/web">web</a>.
 272
 273
 274       </div>
 275     </div>
 276     <div class="padding"></div>
 277
 278     <div class="entry">
 279       <div class="title"><a href="http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/Datalagringsdirektivet_gj_r_at_Oslo_H_yre_og_Arbeiderparti_ikke_f_r_min_stemme_i__r.html">Datalagringsdirektivet gjør at Oslo Høyre og Arbeiderparti ikke får min stemme i år</a></div>
 280       <div class="date"> 8th September 2013</div>
 281       <div class="body"><p>I 2011 raderte et stortingsflertall bestående av Høyre og
 282 Arbeiderpartiet vekk en betydelig del av privatsfæren til det norske
 283 folk.  Det ble vedtatt at det skulle registreres og lagres i et halvt
 284 år hvor alle som bærer på en mobiltelefon befinner seg, hvem de
 285 snakker med og hvor lenge de snakket sammen.  Det skal også
 286 registreres hvem de sendte SMS-meldinger til, hvem en har sendt epost
 287 til, og hvilke nett-tjenere en besøkte.  Saken er kjent som
 288 <a href="http://beta.holderdeord.no/issues/innfore-datalagringsdirektivet">Datalagringsdirektivet
 289 (DLD)</a>, og innebærer at alle innbyggerne og andre innenfor Norges
 290 grenser overvåkes døgnet rundt.  Det ble i praksis innført brev og
 291 besøkskontroll av hele befolkningen.  Rapporter fra de landene som
 292 allerede har innført slik total lagring av borgernes
 293 kommunikasjonsmønstre forteller at det ikke hjelper i
 294 kriminalitetsbekjempelsen.  Den norske prislappen blir mange hundre
 295 millioner, uten at det ser ut til å bidra positivt til politiets
 296 arbeide.  Jeg synes flere hundre millioner i stedet burde vært brukt
 297 på noe som kan dokumenteres å ha effekt i kriminalitetsbekjempelsen.
 298 Se mer på
 299 <a href="http://no.wikipedia.org/wiki/Datalagringsdirektivet">Wikipedia</a>
 300 og <a href="http://www.uhuru.biz/?cat=84">Jon Wessel-Aas</a>.</p>
 301
 302 <p>Hva er problemet, tenkter du kanskje?  Et åpenbart problem er at
 303 medienes kildevern i praksis blir radert ut.  Den innsamlede
 304 informasjonen gjør det mulig å finne ut hvem som har snakket med
 305 journalister på telefon, SMS og epost, og hvem som har vært i nærheten
 306 av journalister så sant begge bar med seg en telefon.  Et annet er at
 307 advokatvernet blir sterkt redusert, der politiet kan finne ut hvem
 308 som har snakket med en advokat når, eller vært i møter en med advokat.
 309 Et tredje er at svært personlig informasjon kan avledes fra hvilke
 310 nettsteder en har besøkt.  Har en besøkt hivnorge.no,
 311 swingersnorge.com eller andre sider som kan brukes til avlede
 312 interesser som hører til privatsfæren, vil denne informasjonen være
 313 tilgjengelig takket være datalagringsdirektivet.</p>
 314
 315 <p>De fleste partiene var mot, kun to partier stemte for.  Høyre og
 316 Arbeiderpartiet.  Og både Høyre og Arbeiderpartiet i Oslo har
 317 DLD-forkjempere på toppen av sine lister (har ikke sjekket de andre
 318 fylkene).  Det er dermed helt uaktuelt for meg å stemme på disse
 319 partiene.  Her er oversikten over partienes valglister i Oslo, med
 320 informasjon om hvem som stemte hva i første DLD-votering i Stortinget,
 321 basert på informasjon fra mine venner i
 322 <a href="http://beta.holderdeord.no/votes/1301946411e">Holder de
 323 Ord</a> samt <a href="http://data.stortinget.no/">data.stortinget.no</a>.
 324 Først ut er stortingslista fra Høyre for Oslo:</p>
 325
 326 <style type="text/css">
 327 .for    {background-color:#F5A9A9;}
 328 .mot    {background-color:#A9F5BC;}
 329 .ukjent { }
 330 </style>
 331
 332 <table>
 333 <tr><th>#</th><th>Navn, fødselsår og valgkrets</th><th>Stemme/kommentar</th></tr>
 334
 335 <tr class="for"><td>1.</td>
 336 <td>Ine Marie Eriksen Søreide (1976), Gamle Oslo</td>
 337 <td>Stemte for DLD</td></tr>
 338
 339 <tr class="mot"><td>2.</td>
 340 <td>Nikolai Astrup (1978), Frogner</td>
 341 <td>Stemte mot DLD</td></tr>
 342
 343 <tr class="mot"><td>3.</td>
 344 <td>Michael Tetzschner (1954), Vestre Aker</td>
 345 <td>Stemte mot DLD</td>
 346
 347 <tr class="ukjent"><td>4.</td>
 348 <td>Kristin Vinje (1963), Nordre Aker</td>
 349 <td>Ikke til stede</td></tr>
 350
 351 <tr class="ukjent"><td>5.</td>
 352 <td>Mudassar Hussain Kapur (1976), Nordstrand</td>
 353 <td>Ikke til stede</td></tr>
 354
 355 <tr class="ukjent"><td>6.</td>
 356 <td>Stefan Magnus B. Heggelund (1984), Grünerløkka</td>
 357 <td>Ikke til stede</td></tr>
 358
 359 <tr class="ukjent"><td>7.</td>
 360 <td>Heidi Nordby Lunde (1973), Grünerløkka</td>
 361 <td>Ikke til stede</td></tr>
 362
 363 <tr class="ukjent"><td>8.</td>
 364 <td>Frode Helgerud (1950), Frogner</td>
 365 <td>Ikke til stede</td></tr>
 366
 367 <tr class="ukjent"><td>9.</td>
 368 <td>Afshan Rafiq (1975), Stovner</td>
 369 <td>Ikke til stede</td></tr>
 370
 371 <tr class="ukjent"><td>10.</td>
 372 <td>Astrid Nøklebye Heiberg (1936), Frogner</td>
 373 <td>Ikke til stede</td></tr>
 374
 375 <tr class="ukjent"><td>11.</td>
 376 <td>Camilla Strandskog (1984) St.Hanshaugen</td>
 377 <td>Ikke til stede</td></tr>
 378
 379 <tr class="ukjent"><td>12.</td>
 380 <td>John Christian Elden (1967), Ullern</td>
 381 <td>Ikke til stede</td></tr>
 382
 383 <tr class="ukjent"><td>13.</td>
 384 <td>Berit Solli (1972), Alna</td>
 385 <td>Ikke til stede</td></tr>
 386
 387 <tr class="ukjent"><td>14.</td>
 388 <td>Ola Kvisgaard (1963), Frogner</td>
 389 <td>Ikke til stede</td></tr>
 390
 391 <tr class="ukjent"><td>15.</td>
 392 <td>James Stove Lorentzen (1957), Vestre Aker</td>
 393 <td>Ikke til stede</td></tr>
 394
 395 <tr class="ukjent"><td>16.</td>
 396 <td>Gülsüm Koc (1987), Stovner</td>
 397 <td>Ikke til stede</td></tr>
 398
 399 <tr class="ukjent"><td>17.</td>
 400 <td>Jon Ole Whist (1976), Grünerløkka</td>
 401 <td>Ikke til stede</td></tr>
 402
 403 <tr class="ukjent"><td>18.</td>
 404 <td>Maren Eline Malthe-Sørenssen (1971), Vestre Aker</td>
 405 <td>Ikke til stede</td></tr>
 406
 407 <tr class="ukjent"><td>19.</td>
 408 <td>Ståle Hagen (1968), Søndre Nordstrand</td>
 409 <td>Ikke til stede</td></tr>
 410
 411 <tr class="ukjent"><td>20.</td>
 412 <td>Kjell Omdal Erichsen (1978), Sagene</td>
 413 <td>Ikke til stede</td></tr>
 414
 415 <tr class="ukjent"><td>21.</td>
 416 <td>Saida R. Begum (1987), Grünerløkka</td>
 417 <td>Ikke til stede</td></tr>
 418
 419 <tr class="ukjent"><td>22.</td>
 420 <td>Torkel Brekke (1970), Nordre Aker</td>
 421 <td>Ikke til stede</td></tr>
 422
 423 <tr class="ukjent"><td>23.</td>
 424 <td>Sverre K. Seeberg (1950), Vestre Aker</td>
 425 <td>Ikke til stede</td></tr>
 426
 427 <tr class="ukjent"><td>24.</td>
 428 <td>Julie Margrethe Brodtkorb (1974), Ullern</td>
 429 <td>Ikke til stede</td></tr>
 430
 431 <tr class="ukjent"><td>25.</td>
 432 <td>Fabian Stang (1955), Frogner</td>
 433 <td>Ikke til stede</td></tr>
 434
 435 </table>
 436
 437 <p>Deretter har vi stortingslista fra Arbeiderpartiet for Oslo:</p>
 438
 439 <table>
 440
 441 <tr><th>#</th><th>Navn, fødselsår og valgkrets</th><th>Stemme/kommentar</th></tr>
 442
 443 <tr class="for"><td>1.</td>
 444 <td>Jens Stoltenberg (1959), Frogner</td>
 445 <td>Ikke til stede i Stortinget, leder av regjeringen som fremmet forslaget</td></tr>
 446
 447 <tr class="for"><td>2.</td>
 448 <td>Hadia Tajik (1983), Grünerløkka</td>
 449 <td>Stemte for DLD</td></tr>
 450
 451 <tr class="for"><td> 3.</td>
 452 <td>Jonas Gahr Støre (1960), Vestre Aker</td>
 453 <td>Ikke til stede i Stortinget, medlem av regjeringen som fremmet forslaget</td></tr>
 454
 455 <tr class="for"><td> 4.</td>
 456 <td>Marianne Marthinsen (1980), Grünerløkka</td>
 457 <td>Stemte for DLD</td></tr>
 458
 459 <tr class="for"><td> 5.</td>
 460 <td>Jan Bøhler (1952), Alna</td>
 461 <td>Stemte for DLD</td></tr>
 462
 463 <tr class="for"><td> 6.</td>
 464 <td>Marit Nybakk (1947), Frogner</td>
 465 <td>Stemte for DLD</td></tr>
 466
 467 <tr class="for"><td> 7.</td>
 468 <td>Truls Wickholm (1978), Sagene</td>
 469 <td>Stemte for DLD</td></tr>
 470
 471 <tr class="ukjent"><td> 8.</td>
 472 <td>Prableen Kaur (1993), Grorud</td>
 473 <td>Ikke til stede</td></tr>
 474
 475 <tr class="ukjent"><td> 9.</td>
 476 <td>Vegard Grøslie Wennesland (1983), St.Hanshaugen</td>
 477 <td>Ikke til stede</td></tr>
 478
 479 <tr class="ukjent"><td> 10.</td>
 480 <td>Inger Helene Vaaten (1975), Grorud</td>
 481 <td>Ikke til stede</td></tr>
 482
 483 <tr class="ukjent"><td> 11.</td>
 484 <td>Ivar Leveraas (1939), Alna</td>
 485 <td>Ikke til stede</td></tr>
 486
 487 <tr class="ukjent"><td> 12.</td>
 488 <td>Grete Haugdal (1971), Gamle Oslo</td>
 489 <td>Ikke til stede</td></tr>
 490
 491 <tr class="ukjent"><td> 13.</td>
 492 <td>Olav Tønsberg (1948), Alna</td>
 493 <td>Ikke til stede</td></tr>
 494
 495 <tr class="ukjent"><td> 14.</td>
 496 <td>Khamshajiny Gunaratnam (1988), Grorud</td>
 497 <td>Ikke til stede</td></tr>
 498
 499 <tr class="ukjent"><td> 15.</td>
 500 <td>Fredrik Mellem (1969), Sagene</td>
 501 <td>Ikke til stede</td></tr>
 502
 503 <tr class="ukjent"><td> 16.</td>
 504 <td>Brit Axelsen (1945), Stovner</td>
 505 <td>Ikke til stede</td></tr>
 506
 507 <tr class="ukjent"><td> 17.</td>
 508 <td>Dag Bayegan-Harlem (1977), Ullern</td>
 509 <td>Ikke til stede</td></tr>
 510
 511 <tr class="ukjent"><td> 18.</td>
 512 <td>Kristin Sandaker (1963), Østeinsjø</td>
 513 <td>Ikke til stede</td></tr>
 514
 515 <tr class="ukjent"><td> 19.</td>
 516 <td>Bashe Musse (1965), Grünerløkka</td>
 517 <td>Ikke til stede</td></tr>
 518
 519 <tr class="ukjent"><td> 20.</td>
 520 <td>Torunn Kanutte Husvik (1983), St. Hanshaugen</td>
 521 <td>Ikke til stede</td></tr>
 522
 523 <tr class="ukjent"><td> 21.</td>
 524 <td>Steinar Andersen (1947), Nordstrand</td>
 525 <td>Ikke til stede</td></tr>
 526
 527 <tr class="ukjent"><td> 22.</td>
 528 <td>Anne Cathrine Berger (1972), Sagene</td>
 529 <td>Ikke til stede</td></tr>
 530
 531 <tr class="ukjent"><td> 23.</td>
 532 <td>Khalid Mahmood (1959), Østensjø</td>
 533 <td>Ikke til stede</td></tr>
 534
 535 <tr class="ukjent"><td> 24.</td>
 536 <td>Munir Jaber (1990), Alna</td>
 537 <td>Ikke til stede</td></tr>
 538
 539 <tr class="ukjent"><td> 25.</td>
 540 <td>Libe Solberg Rieber-Mohn (1965), Frogner</td>
 541 <td>Ikke til stede</td></tr>
 542
 543 </table>
 544
 545 <p>Hvilket parti får så min stemme i år.  Jeg tror det blir
 546 <a href="http://piratpartiet.no/">Piratpartiet</a>.  Hvis de kan bidra
 547 til at det kommer noen inn på Stortinget med teknisk peiling, så får
 548 kanskje ikke overvåkningsgalskapen like fritt spillerom som det har
 549 hatt så langt.</p>
 550
 551 </div>
 552       <div class="tags">
 553
 554
 555         Tags: <a href="http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/tags/norsk">norsk</a>, <a href="http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/tags/personvern">personvern</a>, <a href="http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/tags/stortinget">stortinget</a>, <a href="http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/tags/surveillance">surveillance</a>, <a href="http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/tags/valg">valg</a>.
 556
 557
 558       </div>
 559     </div>
 560     <div class="padding"></div>
 561
 562     <div class="entry">
 563       <div class="title"><a href="http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/Second_beta_release__beta_1__of_Debian_Edu_Skolelinux_based_on_Debian_Wheezy.html">Second beta release (beta 1) of Debian Edu/Skolelinux based on Debian Wheezy</a></div>
 564       <div class="date">22nd August 2013</div>
 565       <div class="body"><p>The second wheezy based beta release of Debian Edu was wrapped up
 566 today, slightly delayed because of some bugs in the initial Windows
 567 integration fixes .  This is the release announcement:</p>
 568
 569 <p><strong>New features for Debian Edu 7.1+edu0~b1 released 2013-08-22</strong></p>
 570
 571 <p>These are the release notes for Debian Edu / Skolelinux
 572 7.1+edu0~b1, based on Debian with codename "Wheezy".</p>
 573
 574 <p><strong>About Debian Edu and Skolelinux</strong></p>
 575
 576 <p><a href="http://www.skolelinux.org/">Debian Edu, also known as
 577 Skolelinux</a>, is a Linux distribution based on Debian providing an
 578 out-of-the box environment of a completely configured school
 579 network. Immediately after installation a school server running all
 580 services needed for a school network is set up just waiting for users
 581 and machines being added via GOsa², a comfortable Web-UI. A netbooting
 582 environment is prepared using PXE, so after initial installation of
 583 the main server from CD or USB stick all other machines can be
 584 installed via the network. The provided school server provides LDAP
 585 database and Kerberos authentication service, centralized home
 586 directories, DHCP server, web proxy and many other services. The
 587 desktop contains
 588 <a href="http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/Educational_applications_included_in_Debian_Edu___Skolelinux__the_screenshot_collection____.html">more
 589 than 60 educational software packages</a> and more are available from
 590 the Debian archive, and schools can choose between KDE, Gnome, LXDE
 591 and Xfce desktop environment.</p>
 592
 593 <p>This is the sixth test release based on Debian Wheezy. Basically this
 594 is an updated and slightly improved version compared to the Squeeze
 595 release.</p>
 596
 597 <p>ALERT: Alpha based installations should reinstall or downgrade the
 598 versions of gosa and libpam-mklocaluser to the ones used in this beta
 599 release. Both alpha and beta0 based installations should reinstall or
 600 deal with gosa.conf manually; there are two options: (1) Keep
 601 gosa.conf and edit this file as outlined
 602 <a href="http://lists.debian.org/debian-edu/2013/08/msg00127.html">on
 603 the mailing list</a>. (2) Accept the new version of gosa.conf and
 604 replace both contained admin password placeholders with the password
 605 hashes found in the old one (backup copy!). In both cases every user
 606 need to change their their password to make sure a password is set for
 607 CIFS access to their home directory.</p>
 608
 609 <p><strong>Software updates</strong></p>
 610
 611 <ul>
 612
 613 <li>Added ssh askpass packages to default installation, to ensure ssh
 614     work also without a attached tty.</li>
 615 <li>Add the command-not-found package to the default installation to
 616     make it easier to figure out where to find missing command line
 617     tools. Please note, that the command 'update-command-not-found'
 618     has to be run as root to actually make it useful (internet access
 619     required).</li>
 620
 621 </ul>
 622
 623 <p><strong>Other changes</strong></p>
 624
 625 <ul>
 626
 627 <li>Adjusted the USB stick ISO image build to include every tool
 628 needed for desktop=xfce installations.</li>
 629 <li>Adjust thin-client-server task to work when installing from USB
 630 stick ISO image.</li>
 631 <li>Made new grub artwork (changed png from indexed to RGB format).</li>
 632 <li>Minor cleanup in the CUPS setup.</li>
 633 <li>Make sure that bootstrapping of the Samba domain really happens
 634     during installation of the main server and adjust SID handling to
 635     cope with this.</li>
 636 <li>Make Samba passwords changeable (again) via GOsa².</li>
 637 <li>Fix generation of LM and NT password hashes via GOsa² to avoid
 638     empty password hashes.</li>
 639 <li>Adapted Samba machine domain joining to latest change in the
 640     smbldap-tools Perl package, fixing bugs blocking Windows machines
 641     from joining the Samba domain.</li>
 642
 643 </ul>
 644
 645 <p><strong>Known issues</strong></p>
 646
 647 <ul>
 648
 649 <li>KDE fails to understand the wpad.dat file provided, causing it to
 650     not use the http proxy as it should.</li>
 651 <li>Chromium also fails to use the proxy when using the KDE desktop
 652     (using the KDE configuration).</li>
 653
 654 </ul>
 655
 656 <p><strong>Where to get it</strong></p>
 657
 658 <p>To download the multiarch netinstall CD release you can use</p>
 659
 660 <ul>
 661
 662 <li><a href="ftp://ftp.skolelinux.org/skolelinux-cd/wheezy/debian-edu-7.1+edu0~b1-CD.iso">ftp://ftp.skolelinux.org/skolelinux-cd/wheezy/debian-edu-7.1+edu0~b1-CD.iso</a></li>
 663
 664 <li><a href="http://ftp.skolelinux.org/skolelinux-cd/wheezy/debian-edu-7.1+edu0~b1-CD.iso">http://ftp.skolelinux.org/skolelinux-cd/wheezy/debian-edu-7.1+edu0~b1-CD.iso</a></li>
 665
 666 <li>rsync -avzP ftp.skolelinux.org::skolelinux-cd/wheezy/debian-edu-7.1+edu0~b1-CD.iso .</li>
 667
 668 </ul>
 669
 670 <p>The MD5SUM of this image is: 1e357f80b55e703523f2254adde6d78b
 671 <br>The SHA1SUM of this image is: 7157f9be5fd27c7694d713c6ecfed61c3edda3b2</p>
 672
 673 <p>To download the multiarch USB stick ISO release you can use</p>
 674
 675 <ul>
 676
 677 <li><a href="ftp://ftp.skolelinux.org/skolelinux-cd/wheezy/debian-edu-7.1+edu0~b1-USB.iso">ftp://ftp.skolelinux.org/skolelinux-cd/wheezy/debian-edu-7.1+edu0~b1-USB.iso</a></li>
 678 <li><a href="http://ftp.skolelinux.org/skolelinux-cd/wheezy/debian-edu-7.1+edu0~b1-USB.iso">http://ftp.skolelinux.org/skolelinux-cd/wheezy/debian-edu-7.1+edu0~b1-USB.iso</a></li>
 679 <li>rsync -avzP ftp.skolelinux.org::skolelinux-cd/wheezy/debian-edu-7.1+edu0~b1-USB.iso .</li>
 680
 681 </ul>
 682
 683 <p>The MD5SUM of this image is: 7a8408ead59cf7e3cef25afb6e91590b
 684 <br>The SHA1SUM of this image is: f1817c031f02790d5edb3bfa0dcf8451088ad119</p>
 685
 686
 687 <p><strong>How to report bugs</strong></p>
 688
 689 <p><a href="http://wiki.debian.org/DebianEdu/HowTo/ReportBugs">http://wiki.debian.org/DebianEdu/HowTo/ReportBugs</a>
 690 </div>
 691       <div class="tags">
 692
 693
 694         Tags: <a href="http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/tags/debian edu">debian edu</a>, <a href="http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/tags/english">english</a>.
 695
 696
 697       </div>
 698     </div>
 699     <div class="padding"></div>
 700
 701     <div class="entry">
 702       <div class="title"><a href="http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/Intel_180_SSD_disk_with_Lenovo_firmware_can_not_use_Intel_firmware.html">Intel 180 SSD disk with Lenovo firmware can not use Intel firmware</a></div>
 703       <div class="date">18th August 2013</div>
 704       <div class="body"><p>Earlier, I reported about
 705 <a href="http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/How_to_fix_a_Thinkpad_X230_with_a_broken_180_GB_SSD_disk.html">my
 706 problems using an Intel SSD 520 Series 180 GB disk</a>.  Friday I was
 707 told by IBM that the original disk should be thrown away.  And as
 708 there no longer was a problem if I bricked the firmware, I decided
 709 today to try to install Intel firmware to replace the Lenovo firmware
 710 currently on the disk.</p>
 711
 712 <p>I searched the Intel site for firmware, and found
 713 <a href="https://downloadcenter.intel.com/Detail_Desc.aspx?agr=Y&ProdId=3472&DwnldID=18363&ProductFamily=Solid-State+Drives+and+Caching&ProductLine=Intel%c2%ae+High+Performance+Solid-State+Drive&ProductProduct=Intel%c2%ae+SSD+520+Series+(180GB%2c+2.5in+SATA+6Gb%2fs%2c+25nm%2c+MLC)&lang=eng">issdfut_2.0.4.iso</a>
 714 (aka Intel SATA Solid-State Drive Firmware Update Tool) which
 715 according to the site should contain the latest firmware for SSD
 716 disks.  I inserted the broken disk in one of my spare laptops and
 717 booted the ISO from a USB stick.  The disk was recognized, but the
 718 program claimed the newest firmware already were installed and refused
 719 to insert any Intel firmware.  So no change, and the disk is still
 720 unable to handle write load. :( I guess the only way to get them
 721 working would be if Lenovo releases new firmware.  No idea how likely
 722 that is.  Anyway, just blogging about this test for completeness.  I
 723 got a working Samsung disk, and see no point in spending more time on
 724 the broken disks.</p>
 725 </div>
 726       <div class="tags">
 727
 728
 729         Tags: <a href="http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/tags/debian">debian</a>, <a href="http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/tags/english">english</a>.
 730
 731
 732       </div>
 733     </div>
 734     <div class="padding"></div>
 735
 736     <div class="entry">
 737       <div class="title"><a href="http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/90_percent_done_with_the_Norwegian_draft_translation_of_Free_Culture.html">90 percent done with the Norwegian draft translation of Free Culture</a></div>
 738       <div class="date"> 2nd August 2013</div>
 739       <div class="body"><p>It has been a while since my last update.  Since last summer, I
 740 have worked on a Norwegian
 741 <a href="http://www.docbook.org/">docbook</a> version of the 2004 book
 742 <a href="http://free-culture.cc/">Free Culture</a> by Lawrence Lessig,
 743 to get a Norwegian text explaining the problems with the copyright
 744 law.  Yesterday, I finally broken the 90% mark, when counting the
 745 number of strings to translate.  Due to real life constraints, I have
 746 not had time to work on it since March, but when the summer broke out,
 747 I found time to work on it again.  Still lots of work left, but the
 748 first draft is nearing completion.  I created a graph to show the
 749 progress of the translation:</p>
 750
 751 <p><img width="80%" align="center" src="https://github.com/petterreinholdtsen/free-culture-lessig/raw/master/progress.png"></p>
 752
 753 <p>When the first draft is done, the translated text need to be
 754 proof read, and the remaining formatting problems with images and SVG
 755 drawings need to be fixed.  There are probably also some index entries
 756 missing that need to be added.  This can be done by comparing the
 757 index entries listed in the SiSU version of the book, or comparing the
 758 English docbook version with the paper version.  Last, the colophon
 759 page with ISBN numbers etc need to be wrapped up before the release is
 760 done.  I should also figure out how to get correct Norwegian sorting
 761 of the index pages.  All docbook tools I have tried so far (xmlto,
 762 docbook-xsl, dblatex) get the order of symbols and the special
 763 Norwegian letters ÆØÅ wrong.</p>
 764
 765 <p>There is still need for translators and people with docbook
 766 knowledge, to be able to get a good looking book (I still struggle
 767 with dblatex, xmlto and docbook-xsl) as well as to do the draft
 768 translation and proof reading.  And I would like the figures to be
 769 redrawn as SVGs to make it easy to translate them.  Any SVG master
 770 around?  There are also some legal terms that are unfamiliar to me.
 771 If you want to help, please get in touch with me, and check out the
 772 project files currently available from
 773 <a href="https://github.com/petterreinholdtsen/free-culture-lessig">github</a>.</p>
 774
 775 <p>If you are curious what the translated book currently look like,
 776 the updated
 777 <a href="https://github.com/petterreinholdtsen/free-culture-lessig/blob/master/archive/freeculture.nb.pdf?raw=true">PDF</a>
 778 and
 779 <a href="https://github.com/petterreinholdtsen/free-culture-lessig/blob/master/archive/freeculture.nb.epub?raw=true">EPUB</a>
 780 are published on github.  The HTML version is published as well, but
 781 github hand it out with MIME type text/plain, confusing browsers, so I
 782 saw no point in linking to that version.</p>
 783 </div>
 784       <div class="tags">
 785
 786
 787         Tags: <a href="http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/tags/docbook">docbook</a>, <a href="http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/tags/english">english</a>, <a href="http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/tags/freeculture">freeculture</a>.
 788
 789
 790       </div>
 791     </div>
 792     <div class="padding"></div>
 793
 794     <div class="entry">
 795       <div class="title"><a href="http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/First_beta_release_of_Debian_Edu_Skolelinux_based_on_Debian_Wheezy.html">First beta release of Debian Edu/Skolelinux based on Debian Wheezy</a></div>
 796       <div class="date">27th July 2013</div>
 797       <div class="body"><p>The first wheezy based beta release of Debian Edu was wrapped up
 798 today.  This is the release announcement:</p>
 799
 800 <p><strong>New features for Debian Edu 7.1+edu0~b0 released
 801 2013-07-27</strong></p>
 802
 803 <p>These are the release notes for for Debian Edu / Skolelinux
 804 7.1+edu0~b0, based on Debian with codename "Wheezy".</p>
 805
 806 <p><strong>About Debian Edu and Skolelinux</strong></p>
 807
 808 <p><a href="http://www.skolelinux.org/">Debian Edu, also known as
 809 Skolelinux</a>, is a Linux distribution based on Debian providing an
 810 out-of-the box environment of a completely configured school
 811 network. Immediately after installation a school server running all
 812 services needed for a school network is set up just waiting for users
 813 and machines being added via GOsa², a comfortable Web-UI. A netbooting
 814 environment is prepared using PXE, so after initial installation of
 815 the main server from CD, DVD or USB stick all other machines can be
 816 installed via the network. The provided school server provides LDAP
 817 database and Kerberos authentication service, centralized home
 818 directories, DHCP server, web proxy and many other services. The
 819 desktop contains
 820 <a href="http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/Educational_applications_included_in_Debian_Edu___Skolelinux__the_screenshot_collection____.html">more
 821 than 60 educational software packages</a> and more are available from
 822 the Debian archive, and schools can choose between KDE, Gnome, LXDE
 823 and Xfce desktop environment.</p>
 824
 825 <p>This is the fifth test release based on Debian Wheezy. Basically
 826 this is an updated and slightly improved version compared to the
 827 Squeeze release.</p>
 828
 829 <p>ALERT: Alpha based installations should reinstall or downgrade the
 830 versions of gosa and libpam-mklocaluser to the ones used in this beta
 831 release.</p>
 832
 833 <p><strong>Software updates</strong></p>
 834
 835 <ul>
 836
 837 <li>Switched roaming workstation profiles from wicd to network-manager
 838    for network configuration, as wicd didn't work any more.</li>
 839 <li>Changed version numbers of patched gosa and libpam-mklocaluser
 840    packages to make sure our locally patched versions will be replaced
 841    by the official packages when they are released from Debian. Those
 842    installing alpha version need to reinstall or manually downgrade gosa
 843    and libpam-mklocaluser.</li>
 844 <li>Added bluetooth tools to the default desktop (bluedevil, blueman).</li>
 845 <li>Added tools for sharing the desktop on KDE (krdc, krfb).</li>
 846 <li>Added valgrind to the default installation for easier debugging of
 847    crash bugs.</li>
 848
 849 </ul>
 850
 851 <p><strong>Other changes</strong></p>
 852
 853 <ul>
 854
 855 <li>Fixed artwork package to work with gnome, no longer break
 856    desktop=gnome installations.</li>
 857 <li>Adjusted installer to now work when forced to use a proxy with the
 858    netinst CD.</li>
 859 <li>Fixed code detecting and setting/loading hardware specific
 860    setup/firmware to work more robust out of the box.</li>
 861 <li>Adjusted Kerberos setup to detect realm and server settings at
 862    install time instead of dynamically at run time. This avoid a crash
 863    with krb5-auth-dialog on diskless workstations without a DNS name.</li>
 864 <li>Worked around misfeature in network-manager not calling the dhclient
 865    exit hooks, causing automatic proxy configuration and automatic host
 866    name setting at run time to work again.</li>
 867 <li>Fixed feature setting the default Iceweasel start page from URL
 868    fetched from LDAP, to allow schools to set the global default by
 869    updating the dc=skole,dc=skolelinux,dc=no LDAP object.</li>
 870 <li>Changed default host name on all networked machines to be unique
 871    (generated from MAC or reverse DNS) after boot.</li>
 872 <li>Adjusted partition sizes to make sure they are big enough.</li>
 873
 874 </ul>
 875
 876 <p><strong>Known issues</strong></p>
 877
 878 <ul>
 879
 880 <li>Grub is missing the new artwork.</li>
 881 <li>KDE fail to understand the wpad.dat file provided, causing it to
 882     not use the http proxy as it should.</li>
 883 <li>Chromium also fail to use the proxy.</li>
 884
 885 </ul>
 886
 887 <p><strong>Where to get it</strong></p>
 888
 889 <p>To download the multiarch netinstall CD release you can use</p>
 890
 891 <ul>
 892
 893 <li><a href="ftp://ftp.skolelinux.org/skolelinux-cd/wheezy/debian-edu-7.1+edu0~b0-CD.iso">ftp://ftp.skolelinux.org/skolelinux-cd/wheezy/debian-edu-7.1+edu0~b0-CD.iso</a></li>
 894
 895 <li><a href="http://ftp.skolelinux.org/skolelinux-cd/wheezy/debian-edu-7.1+edu0~b0-CD.iso">http://ftp.skolelinux.org/skolelinux-cd/wheezy/debian-edu-7.1+edu0~b0-CD.iso</a></li>
 896
 897 <li>rsync -avzP ftp.skolelinux.org::skolelinux-cd/wheezy/debian-edu-7.1+edu0~b0-CD.iso .</li>
 898
 899 </ul>
 900
 901 <p>The MD5SUM of this image is: 55d5de9765b6dccd5d9ec33cf1a07109
 902 <br>The SHA1SUM of this image is: 996a1d9517740e4d627d100de2d12b23dd545a3f</p>
 903
 904 <p>To download the multiarch USB stick ISO release you can use</p>
 905
 906 <ul>
 907
 908 <li><a href="ftp://ftp.skolelinux.org/skolelinux-cd/wheezy/debian-edu-7.1+edu0~b0-USB.iso">ftp://ftp.skolelinux.org/skolelinux-cd/wheezy/debian-edu-7.1+edu0~b0-USB.iso</a></li>
 909 <li><a href="http://ftp.skolelinux.org/skolelinux-cd/wheezy/debian-edu-7.1+edu0~b0-USB.iso">http://ftp.skolelinux.org/skolelinux-cd/wheezy/debian-edu-7.1+edu0~b0-USB.iso</a></li>
 910 <li>rsync -avzP ftp.skolelinux.org::skolelinux-cd/wheezy/debian-edu-7.1+edu0~b0-USB.iso .</li>
 911
 912 </ul>
 913
 914 <p>The MD5SUM of this image is: d8f0818c51a78d357de794066f289f69
 915 <br>The SHA1SUM of this image is: 49185ca354e8d0543240423746924f76a6cee733</p>
 916
 917
 918 <p><strong>How to report bugs</strong></p>
 919
 920 <p><a href="http://wiki.debian.org/DebianEdu/HowTo/ReportBugs">http://wiki.debian.org/DebianEdu/HowTo/ReportBugs</a>
 921 </div>
 922       <div class="tags">
 923
 924
 925         Tags: <a href="http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/tags/debian edu">debian edu</a>, <a href="http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/tags/english">english</a>.
 926
 927
 928       </div>
 929     </div>
 930     <div class="padding"></div>
 931
 932     <div class="entry">
 933       <div class="title"><a href="http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/How_to_fix_a_Thinkpad_X230_with_a_broken_180_GB_SSD_disk.html">How to fix a Thinkpad X230 with a broken 180 GB SSD disk</a></div>
 934       <div class="date">17th July 2013</div>
 935       <div class="body"><p>Today I switched to
 936 <a href="http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/The_Thinkpad_is_dead__long_live_the_Thinkpad_X230_.html">my
 937 new laptop</a>.  I've previously written about the problems I had with
 938 my new Thinkpad X230, which was delivered with an
 939 <a href="http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/Intel_SSD_520_Series_180_GB_with_Lenovo_firmware_still_lock_up_from_sustained_writes.html">180
 940 GB Intel SSD disk with Lenovo firmware</a> that did not handle
 941 sustained writes.  My hardware supplier have been very forthcoming in
 942 trying to find a solution, and after first trying with another
 943 identical 180 GB disks they decided to send me a 256 GB Samsung SSD
 944 disk instead to fix it once and for all.  The Samsung disk survived
 945 the installation of Debian with encrypted disks (filling the disk with
 946 random data during installation killed the first two), and I thus
 947 decided to trust it with my data.  I have installed it as a Debian Edu
 948 Wheezy roaming workstation hooked up with my Debian Edu Squeeze main
 949 server at home using Kerberos and LDAP, and will use it as my work
 950 station from now on.</p>
 951
 952 <p>As this is a solid state disk with no moving parts, I believe the
 953 Debian Wheezy default installation need to be tuned a bit to increase
 954 performance and increase life time of the disk.  The Linux kernel and
 955 user space applications do not yet adjust automatically to such
 956 environment.  To make it easier for my self, I created a draft Debian
 957 package <tt>ssd-setup</tt> to handle this tuning.  The
 958 <a href="http://anonscm.debian.org/gitweb/?p=collab-maint/ssd-setup.git">source
 959 for the ssd-setup package</a> is available from collab-maint, and it
 960 is set up to adjust the setup of the machine by just installing the
 961 package.  If there is any non-SSD disk in the machine, the package
 962 will refuse to install, as I did not try to write any logic to sort
 963 file systems in SSD and non-SSD file systems.</p>
 964
 965 <p>I consider the package a draft, as I am a bit unsure how to best
 966 set up Debian Wheezy with an SSD.  It is adjusted to my use case,
 967 where I set up the machine with one large encrypted partition (in
 968 addition to /boot), put LVM on top of this and set up partitions on
 969 top of this again.  See the README file in the package source for the
 970 references I used to pick the settings.  At the moment these
 971 parameters are tuned:</p>
 972
 973 <ul>
 974
 975 <li>Set up cryptsetup to pass TRIM commands to the physical disk
 976     (adding discard to /etc/crypttab)</li>
 977
 978 <li>Set up LVM to pass on TRIM commands to the underlying device (in
 979     this case a cryptsetup partition) by changing issue_discards from
 980     0 to 1 in /etc/lvm/lvm.conf.</li>
 981
 982 <li>Set relatime as a file system option for ext3 and ext4 file
 983     systems.</li>
 984
 985 <li>Tell swap to use TRIM commands by adding 'discard' to
 986     /etc/fstab.</li>
 987
 988 <li>Change I/O scheduler from cfq to deadline using a udev rule.</li>
 989
 990 <li>Run fstrim on every ext3 and ext4 file system every night (from
 991     cron.daily).</li>
 992
 993 <li>Adjust sysctl values vm.swappiness to 1 and vm.vfs_cache_pressure
 994     to 50 to reduce the kernel eagerness to swap out processes.</li>
 995
 996 </ul>
 997
 998 <p>During installation, I cancelled the part where the installer fill
 999 the disk with random data, as this would kill the SSD performance for
1000 little gain.  My goal with the encrypted file system is to ensure
1001 those stealing my laptop end up with a brick and not a working
1002 computer.  I have no hope in keeping the really resourceful people
1003 from getting the data on the disk (see
1004 <a href="http://xkcd.com/538/">XKCD #538</a> for an explanation why).
1005 Thus I concluded that adding the discard option to crypttab is the
1006 right thing to do.</p>
1007
1008 <p>I considered using the noop I/O scheduler, as several recommended
1009 it for SSD, but others recommended deadline and a benchmark I found
1010 indicated that deadline might be better for interactive use.</p>
1011
1012 <p>I also considered using the 'discard' file system option for ext3
1013 and ext4, but read that it would give a performance hit ever time a
1014 file is removed, and thought it best to that that slowdown once a day
1015 instead of during my work.</p>
1016
1017 <p>My package do not set up tmpfs on /var/run, /var/lock and /tmp, as
1018 this is already done by Debian Edu.</p>
1019
1020 <p>I have not yet started on the user space tuning.  I expect
1021 iceweasel need some tuning, and perhaps other applications too, but
1022 have not yet had time to investigate those parts.</p>
1023
1024 <p>The package should work on Ubuntu too, but I have not yet tested it
1025 there.</p>
1026
1027 <p>As for the answer to the question in the title of this blog post,
1028 as far as I know, the only solution I know about is to replace the
1029 disk.  It might be possible to flash it with Intel firmware instead of
1030 the Lenovo firmware.  But I have not tried and did not want to do so
1031 without approval from Lenovo as I wanted to keep the warranty on the
1032 disk until a solution was found and they wanted the broken disks
1033 back.</p>
1034 </div>
1035       <div class="tags">
1036
1037
1038         Tags: <a href="http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/tags/debian">debian</a>, <a href="http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/tags/english">english</a>.
1039
1040
1041       </div>
1042     </div>
1043     <div class="padding"></div>
1044
1045     <div class="entry">
1046       <div class="title"><a href="http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/Intel_SSD_520_Series_180_GB_with_Lenovo_firmware_still_lock_up_from_sustained_writes.html">Intel SSD 520 Series 180 GB with Lenovo firmware still lock up from sustained writes</a></div>
1047       <div class="date">10th July 2013</div>
1048       <div class="body"><p>A few days ago, I wrote about
1049 <a href="http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/The_Thinkpad_is_dead__long_live_the_Thinkpad_X230_.html">the
1050 problems I experienced with my new X230 and its SSD disk</a>, which
1051 was dying during installation because it is unable to cope with
1052 sustained write.  My supplier is in contact with
1053 <a href="http://www.lenovo.com/">Lenovo</a>, and they wanted to send a
1054 replacement disk to try to fix the problem.  They decided to send an
1055 identical model, so my hopes for a permanent fix was slim.</p>
1056
1057 <p>Anyway, today I got the replacement disk and tried to install
1058 Debian Edu Wheezy with encrypted disk on it.  The new disk have the
1059 same firmware version as the original.  This time my hope raised
1060 slightly as the installation progressed, as the original disk used to
1061 die after 4-7% of the disk was written to, while this time it kept
1062 going past 10%, 20%, 40% and even past 50%.  But around 60%, the disk
1063 died again and I was back on square one.  I still do not have a new
1064 laptop with a disk I can trust.  I can not live with a disk that might
1065 lock up when I download a new
1066 <a href="http://www.skolelinux.org/">Debian Edu / Skolelinux</a> ISO or
1067 other large files.  I look forward to hearing from my supplier with
1068 the next proposal from Lenovo.</p>
1069
1070 <p>The original disk is marked Intel SSD 520 Series 180 GB,
1071 11S0C38722Z1ZNME35X1TR, ISN: CVCV321407HB180EGN, SA: G57560302, FW:
1072 LF1i, 29MAY2013, PBA: G39779-300, LBA 351,651,888, LI P/N: 0C38722,
1073 Pb-free 2LI, LC P/N: 16-200366, WWN: 55CD2E40002756C4, Model:
1074 SSDSC2BW180A3L 2.5" 6Gb/s SATA SSD 180G 5V 1A, ASM P/N 0C38732, FRU
1075 P/N 45N8295, P0C38732.</p>
1076
1077 <p>The replacement disk is marked Intel SSD 520 Series 180 GB,
1078 11S0C38722Z1ZNDE34N0L0, ISN: CVCV315306RK180EGN, SA: G57560-302, FW:
1079 LF1i, 22APR2013, PBA: G39779-300, LBA 351,651,888, LI P/N: 0C38722,
1080 Pb-free 2LI, LC P/N: 16-200366, WWN: 55CD2E40000AB69E, Model:
1081 SSDSC2BW180A3L 2.5" 6Gb/s SATA SSD 180G 5V 1A, ASM P/N 0C38732, FRU
1082 P/N 45N8295, P0C38732.</p>
1083
1084 <p>The only difference is in the first number (serial number?), ISN,
1085 SA, date and WNPP values.  Mentioning all the details here in case
1086 someone is able to use the information to find a way to identify the
1087 failing disk among working ones (if any such working disk actually
1088 exist).</p>
1089 </div>
1090       <div class="tags">
1091
1092
1093         Tags: <a href="http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/tags/debian">debian</a>, <a href="http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/tags/english">english</a>.
1094
1095
1096       </div>
1097     </div>
1098     <div class="padding"></div>
1099
1100     <div class="entry">
1101       <div class="title"><a href="http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/July_13th__Debian_Ubuntu_BSP_and_Skolelinux_Debian_Edu_developer_gathering_in_Oslo.html">July 13th: Debian/Ubuntu BSP and Skolelinux/Debian Edu developer gathering in Oslo</a></div>
1102       <div class="date"> 9th July 2013</div>
1103       <div class="body"><p>The upcoming Saturday, 2013-07-13, we are organising a combined
1104 Debian Edu developer gathering and Debian and Ubuntu bug squashing
1105 party in Oslo.  It is organised by <a href="http://www.nuug.no/">the
1106 member assosiation NUUG</a> and
1107 <a href="http://www.skolelinux.org/">the Debian Edu / Skolelinux
1108 project</a> together with <a href="http://bitraf.no/">the hack space
1109 Bitraf</a>.</p>
1110
1111 <p>It starts 10:00 and continue until late evening.  Everyone is
1112 welcome, and there is no fee to participate.  There is on the other
1113 hand limited space, and only room for 30 people.  Please put your name
1114 on <a href="http://wiki.debian.org/BSP/2013/07/13/no/Oslo">the event
1115 wiki page</a> if you plan to join us.</p>
1116 </div>
1117       <div class="tags">
1118
1119
1120         Tags: <a href="http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/tags/debian">debian</a>, <a href="http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/tags/debian edu">debian edu</a>, <a href="http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/tags/english">english</a>, <a href="http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/tags/nuug">nuug</a>.
1121
1122
1123       </div>
1124     </div>
1125     <div class="padding"></div>
1126
1127     <p style="text-align: right;"><a href="index.rss"><img src="http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/xml.gif" alt="RSS feed" width="36" height="14" /></a></p>
1128     <div id="sidebar">
1129
1130
1131
1132 <h2>Archive</h2>
1133 <ul>
1134
1135 <li>2013
1136 <ul>
1137
1138 <li><a href="http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/archive/2013/01/">January (11)</a></li>
1139
1140 <li><a href="http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/archive/2013/02/">February (9)</a></li>
1141
1142 <li><a href="http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/archive/2013/03/">March (9)</a></li>
1143
1144 <li><a href="http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/archive/2013/04/">April (6)</a></li>
1145
1146 <li><a href="http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/archive/2013/05/">May (9)</a></li>
1147
1148 <li><a href="http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/archive/2013/06/">June (10)</a></li>
1149
1150 <li><a href="http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/archive/2013/07/">July (7)</a></li>
1151
1152 <li><a href="http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/archive/2013/08/">August (3)</a></li>
1153
1154 <li><a href="http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/archive/2013/09/">September (3)</a></li>
1155
1156 </ul></li>
1157
1158 <li>2012
1159 <ul>
1160
1161 <li><a href="http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/archive/2012/01/">January (7)</a></li>
1162
1163 <li><a href="http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/archive/2012/02/">February (10)</a></li>
1164
1165 <li><a href="http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/archive/2012/03/">March (17)</a></li>
1166
1167 <li><a href="http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/archive/2012/04/">April (12)</a></li>
1168
1169 <li><a href="http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/archive/2012/05/">May (12)</a></li>
1170
1171 <li><a href="http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/archive/2012/06/">June (20)</a></li>
1172
1173 <li><a href="http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/archive/2012/07/">July (17)</a></li>
1174
1175 <li><a href="http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/archive/2012/08/">August (6)</a></li>
1176
1177 <li><a href="http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/archive/2012/09/">September (9)</a></li>
1178
1179 <li><a href="http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/archive/2012/10/">October (17)</a></li>
1180
1181 <li><a href="http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/archive/2012/11/">November (10)</a></li>
1182
1183 <li><a href="http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/archive/2012/12/">December (7)</a></li>
1184
1185 </ul></li>
1186
1187 <li>2011
1188 <ul>
1189
1190 <li><a href="http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/archive/2011/01/">January (16)</a></li>
1191
1192 <li><a href="http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/archive/2011/02/">February (6)</a></li>
1193
1194 <li><a href="http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/archive/2011/03/">March (6)</a></li>
1195
1196 <li><a href="http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/archive/2011/04/">April (7)</a></li>
1197
1198 <li><a href="http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/archive/2011/05/">May (3)</a></li>
1199
1200 <li><a href="http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/archive/2011/06/">June (2)</a></li>
1201
1202 <li><a href="http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/archive/2011/07/">July (7)</a></li>
1203
1204 <li><a href="http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/archive/2011/08/">August (6)</a></li>
1205
1206 <li><a href="http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/archive/2011/09/">September (4)</a></li>
1207
1208 <li><a href="http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/archive/2011/10/">October (2)</a></li>
1209
1210 <li><a href="http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/archive/2011/11/">November (3)</a></li>
1211
1212 <li><a href="http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/archive/2011/12/">December (1)</a></li>
1213
1214 </ul></li>
1215
1216 <li>2010
1217 <ul>
1218
1219 <li><a href="http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/archive/2010/01/">January (2)</a></li>
1220
1221 <li><a href="http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/archive/2010/02/">February (1)</a></li>
1222
1223 <li><a href="http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/archive/2010/03/">March (3)</a></li>
1224
1225 <li><a href="http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/archive/2010/04/">April (3)</a></li>
1226
1227 <li><a href="http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/archive/2010/05/">May (9)</a></li>
1228
1229 <li><a href="http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/archive/2010/06/">June (14)</a></li>
1230
1231 <li><a href="http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/archive/2010/07/">July (12)</a></li>
1232
1233 <li><a href="http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/archive/2010/08/">August (13)</a></li>
1234
1235 <li><a href="http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/archive/2010/09/">September (7)</a></li>
1236
1237 <li><a href="http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/archive/2010/10/">October (9)</a></li>
1238
1239 <li><a href="http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/archive/2010/11/">November (13)</a></li>
1240
1241 <li><a href="http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/archive/2010/12/">December (12)</a></li>
1242
1243 </ul></li>
1244
1245 <li>2009
1246 <ul>
1247
1248 <li><a href="http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/archive/2009/01/">January (8)</a></li>
1249
1250 <li><a href="http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/archive/2009/02/">February (8)</a></li>
1251
1252 <li><a href="http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/archive/2009/03/">March (12)</a></li>
1253
1254 <li><a href="http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/archive/2009/04/">April (10)</a></li>
1255
1256 <li><a href="http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/archive/2009/05/">May (9)</a></li>
1257
1258 <li><a href="http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/archive/2009/06/">June (3)</a></li>
1259
1260 <li><a href="http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/archive/2009/07/">July (4)</a></li>
1261
1262 <li><a href="http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/archive/2009/08/">August (3)</a></li>
1263
1264 <li><a href="http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/archive/2009/09/">September (1)</a></li>
1265
1266 <li><a href="http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/archive/2009/10/">October (2)</a></li>
1267
1268 <li><a href="http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/archive/2009/11/">November (3)</a></li>
1269
1270 <li><a href="http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/archive/2009/12/">December (3)</a></li>
1271
1272 </ul></li>
1273
1274 <li>2008
1275 <ul>
1276
1277 <li><a href="http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/archive/2008/11/">November (5)</a></li>
1278
1279 <li><a href="http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/archive/2008/12/">December (7)</a></li>
1280
1281 </ul></li>
1282
1283 </ul>
1284
1285
1286
1287 <h2>Tags</h2>
1288 <ul>
1289
1290  <li><a href="http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/tags/3d-printer">3d-printer (13)</a></li>
1291
1292  <li><a href="http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/tags/amiga">amiga (1)</a></li>
1293
1294  <li><a href="http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/tags/aros">aros (1)</a></li>
1295
1296  <li><a href="http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/tags/bankid">bankid (4)</a></li>
1297
1298  <li><a href="http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/tags/bitcoin">bitcoin (7)</a></li>
1299
1300  <li><a href="http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/tags/bootsystem">bootsystem (12)</a></li>
1301
1302  <li><a href="http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/tags/bsa">bsa (2)</a></li>
1303
1304  <li><a href="http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/tags/debian">debian (85)</a></li>
1305
1306  <li><a href="http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/tags/debian edu">debian edu (140)</a></li>
1307
1308  <li><a href="http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/tags/digistan">digistan (10)</a></li>
1309
1310  <li><a href="http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/tags/docbook">docbook (10)</a></li>
1311
1312  <li><a href="http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/tags/drivstoffpriser">drivstoffpriser (4)</a></li>
1313
1314  <li><a href="http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/tags/english">english (215)</a></li>
1315
1316  <li><a href="http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/tags/fiksgatami">fiksgatami (21)</a></li>
1317
1318  <li><a href="http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/tags/fildeling">fildeling (12)</a></li>
1319
1320  <li><a href="http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/tags/freeculture">freeculture (12)</a></li>
1321
1322  <li><a href="http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/tags/freedombox">freedombox (1)</a></li>
1323
1324  <li><a href="http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/tags/frikanalen">frikanalen (11)</a></li>
1325
1326  <li><a href="http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/tags/intervju">intervju (37)</a></li>
1327
1328  <li><a href="http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/tags/isenkram">isenkram (7)</a></li>
1329
1330  <li><a href="http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/tags/kart">kart (18)</a></li>
1331
1332  <li><a href="http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/tags/ldap">ldap (8)</a></li>
1333
1334  <li><a href="http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/tags/lenker">lenker (6)</a></li>
1335
1336  <li><a href="http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/tags/ltsp">ltsp (1)</a></li>
1337
1338  <li><a href="http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/tags/multimedia">multimedia (25)</a></li>
1339
1340  <li><a href="http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/tags/norsk">norsk (235)</a></li>
1341
1342  <li><a href="http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/tags/nuug">nuug (153)</a></li>
1343
1344  <li><a href="http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/tags/offentlig innsyn">offentlig innsyn (8)</a></li>
1345
1346  <li><a href="http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/tags/open311">open311 (2)</a></li>
1347
1348  <li><a href="http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/tags/opphavsrett">opphavsrett (44)</a></li>
1349
1350  <li><a href="http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/tags/personvern">personvern (66)</a></li>
1351
1352  <li><a href="http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/tags/raid">raid (1)</a></li>
1353
1354  <li><a href="http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/tags/reprap">reprap (11)</a></li>
1355
1356  <li><a href="http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/tags/rfid">rfid (2)</a></li>
1357
1358  <li><a href="http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/tags/robot">robot (7)</a></li>
1359
1360  <li><a href="http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/tags/rss">rss (1)</a></li>
1361
1362  <li><a href="http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/tags/ruter">ruter (4)</a></li>
1363
1364  <li><a href="http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/tags/scraperwiki">scraperwiki (2)</a></li>
1365
1366  <li><a href="http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/tags/sikkerhet">sikkerhet (30)</a></li>
1367
1368  <li><a href="http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/tags/sitesummary">sitesummary (4)</a></li>
1369
1370  <li><a href="http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/tags/skepsis">skepsis (4)</a></li>
1371
1372  <li><a href="http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/tags/standard">standard (43)</a></li>
1373
1374  <li><a href="http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/tags/stavekontroll">stavekontroll (3)</a></li>
1375
1376  <li><a href="http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/tags/stortinget">stortinget (8)</a></li>
1377
1378  <li><a href="http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/tags/surveillance">surveillance (17)</a></li>
1379
1380  <li><a href="http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/tags/sysadmin">sysadmin (1)</a></li>
1381
1382  <li><a href="http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/tags/valg">valg (8)</a></li>
1383
1384  <li><a href="http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/tags/video">video (38)</a></li>
1385
1386  <li><a href="http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/tags/vitenskap">vitenskap (4)</a></li>
1387
1388  <li><a href="http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/tags/web">web (27)</a></li>
1389
1390 </ul>
1391
1392
1393     </div>
1394     <p style="text-align: right">
1395  Created by <a href="http://steve.org.uk/Software/chronicle">Chronicle v4.6</a>
1396 </p>
1397
1398   </body>
1399 </html>