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  13  <h1>
  14      <a href="http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/">Petter Reinholdtsen</a>
  15
  16  </h1>
  17
  18 </div>
  19
  20
  21
  22     <div class="entry">
  23       <div class="title"><a href="http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/Alle_Stortingets_mobiltelefoner_kontrolleres_fra_USA___.html">Alle Stortingets mobiltelefoner kontrolleres fra USA...</a></div>
  24       <div class="date"> 7th October 2015</div>
  25       <div class="body"><p>Jeg lot meg fascinere av
  26 <a href="http://www.aftenposten.no/nyheter/iriks/politikk/Stortinget-har-tilgang-til-a-fjernstyre-600-mobiler-8192692.html">en
  27 artikkel i Aftenposten</a> der det fortelles at «over 600 telefoner som
  28 benyttes av stortingsrepresentanter, rådgivere og ansatte på
  29 Stortinget, kan «fjernstyres» ved hjelp av
  30 <a href="https://play.google.com/store/apps/details?id=com.airwatch.androidagent">programvaren
  31 Airwatch</a>, et såkalte MDM-program (Mobile Device Managment)».  Det
  32 hele bagatelliseres av Stortingets IT-stab, men det er i hovedsak på
  33 grunn av at journalisten ikke stiller de relevante spørsmålene.  For
  34 meg er det relevante spørsmålet hvem som har lovlig tilgang (i henhold
  35 til lokal lovgiving, dvs. i hvert fall i Norge, Sverige, UK og USA)
  36 til informasjon om og på telefonene, og hvor enkelt det er å skaffe
  37 seg tilgang til hvor mobilene befinner seg og informasjon som befinner
  38 seg på telefonene ved hjelp av utro tjenere, trusler, innbrudd og
  39 andre ulovlige metoder.</p>
  40
  41 <p>Bruken av AirWatch betyr i realiteten at USAs etteretning og
  42 politimyndigheter har full tilgang til stortingets mobiltelefoner,
  43 inkludert posisjon og innhold, takket være
  44 <a href="https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Foreign_Intelligence_Surveillance_Act_of_1978_Amendments_Act_of_2008">FISAAA-loven</a>
  45 og
  46 "<a href="https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/National_security_letter">National
  47 Security Letters</a>" og det enkle faktum at selskapet
  48 <a href="http://www.airwatch.com/">AirWatch</a> er kontrollert av et
  49 selskap i USA.  I tillegg er det kjent at flere lands
  50 etterretningstjenester kan lytte på trafikken når den passerer
  51 landegrensene.</p>
  52
  53 <p>Jeg har bedt om mer informasjon
  54 <a href="https://www.mimesbronn.no/request/saksnummer_for_saker_anganede_br">fra
  55 Stortinget om bruken av AirWatch</a> via Mimes brønn så får vi se hva
  56 de har å fortelle om saken.  Fant ingenting om 'airwatch' i
  57 postjournalen til Stortinget, så jeg trenger hjelp før jeg kan be om
  58 innsyn i konkrete dokumenter.</p>
  59 </div>
  60       <div class="tags">
  61
  62
  63         Tags: <a href="http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/tags/norsk">norsk</a>, <a href="http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/tags/offentlig innsyn">offentlig innsyn</a>, <a href="http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/tags/personvern">personvern</a>, <a href="http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/tags/sikkerhet">sikkerhet</a>, <a href="http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/tags/stortinget">stortinget</a>, <a href="http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/tags/surveillance">surveillance</a>.
  64
  65
  66       </div>
  67     </div>
  68     <div class="padding"></div>
  69
  70     <div class="entry">
  71       <div class="title"><a href="http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/French_Docbook_PDF_EPUB_MOBI_edition_of_the_Free_Culture_book.html">French Docbook/PDF/EPUB/MOBI edition of the Free Culture book</a></div>
  72       <div class="date"> 1st October 2015</div>
  73       <div class="body"><p>As I wrap up the Norwegian version of
  74 <a href="https://github.com/petterreinholdtsen/free-culture-lessig">Free
  75 Culture</a> book by Lawrence Lessig (still waiting for my final proof
  76 reading copy to arrive in the mail), my great
  77 <a href="http://dblatex.sourceforge.net/">dblatex</a> helper and
  78 developer of the dblatex docbook processor, Benoît Guillon, decided a
  79 to try to create a French version of the book.  He started with the
  80 French translation available from the
  81 <a href="http://www.wikilivres.ca/wiki/Culture_libre">Wikilivres wiki
  82 pages</a>, and wrote a program to convert it into a PO file, allowing
  83 the translation to be integrated into the po4a based framework I use
  84 to create the Norwegian translation from the English edition.  We meet
  85 on the <a href="irc://irc.freenode.net/%23dblatex">#dblatex IRC
  86 channel</a> to discuss the work.  If you want to help create a French
  87 edition, check out
  88 <a href="https://github.com/marsgui/free-culture-lessig">his git
  89 repository</a> and join us on IRC.  If the French edition look good,
  90 we might publish it as a paper book on lulu.com.  A French version of
  91 the drawings and the cover need to be provided for this to happen.</p>
  92 </div>
  93       <div class="tags">
  94
  95
  96         Tags: <a href="http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/tags/docbook">docbook</a>, <a href="http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/tags/english">english</a>, <a href="http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/tags/freeculture">freeculture</a>.
  97
  98
  99       </div>
 100     </div>
 101     <div class="padding"></div>
 102
 103     <div class="entry">
 104       <div class="title"><a href="http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/The_life_and_death_of_a_laptop_battery.html">The life and death of a laptop battery</a></div>
 105       <div class="date">24th September 2015</div>
 106       <div class="body"><p>When I get a new laptop, the battery life time at the start is OK.
 107 But this do not last.  The last few laptops gave me a feeling that
 108 within a year, the life time is just a fraction of what it used to be,
 109 and it slowly become painful to use the laptop without power connected
 110 all the time.  Because of this, when I got a new Thinkpad X230 laptop
 111 about two years ago, I decided to monitor its battery state to have
 112 more hard facts when the battery started to fail.</p>
 113
 114 <img src="http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/images/2015-09-24-laptop-battery-graph.png"/>
 115
 116 <p>First I tried to find a sensible Debian package to record the
 117 battery status, assuming that this must be a problem already handled
 118 by someone else.  I found
 119 <a href="https://tracker.debian.org/pkg/battery-stats">battery-stats</a>,
 120 which collects statistics from the battery, but it was completely
 121 broken.  I sent a few suggestions to the maintainer, but decided to
 122 write my own collector as a shell script while I waited for feedback
 123 from him.  Via
 124 <a href="http://www.ifweassume.com/2013/08/the-de-evolution-of-my-laptop-battery.html">a
 125 blog post about the battery development on a MacBook Air</a> I also
 126 discovered
 127 <a href="https://github.com/jradavenport/batlog.git">batlog</a>, not
 128 available in Debian.</p>
 129
 130 <p>I started my collector 2013-07-15, and it has been collecting
 131 battery stats ever since. Now my
 132 /var/log/hjemmenett-battery-status.log file contain around 115,000
 133 measurements, from the time the battery was working great until now,
 134 when it is unable to charge above 7% of original capacity.  My
 135 collector shell script is quite simple and look like this:</p>
 136
 137 <pre>
 138 #!/bin/sh
 139 # Inspired by
 140 # http://www.ifweassume.com/2013/08/the-de-evolution-of-my-laptop-battery.html
 141 # See also
 142 # http://blog.sleeplessbeastie.eu/2013/01/02/debian-how-to-monitor-battery-capacity/
 143 logfile=/var/log/hjemmenett-battery-status.log
 144
 145 files="manufacturer model_name technology serial_number \
 146     energy_full energy_full_design energy_now cycle_count status"
 147
 148 if [ ! -e "$logfile" ] ; then
 149     (
 150         printf "timestamp,"
 151         for f in $files; do
 152             printf "%s," $f
 153         done
 154         echo
 155     ) > "$logfile"
 156 fi
 157
 158 log_battery() {
 159     # Print complete message in one echo call, to avoid race condition
 160     # when several log processes run in parallel.
 161     msg=$(printf "%s," $(date +%s); \
 162         for f in $files; do \
 163             printf "%s," $(cat $f); \
 164         done)
 165     echo "$msg"
 166 }
 167
 168 cd /sys/class/power_supply
 169
 170 for bat in BAT*; do
 171     (cd $bat && log_battery >> "$logfile")
 172 done
 173 </pre>
 174
 175 <p>The script is called when the power management system detect a
 176 change in the power status (power plug in or out), and when going into
 177 and out of hibernation and suspend.  In addition, it collect a value
 178 every 10 minutes.  This make it possible for me know when the battery
 179 is discharging, charging and how the maximum charge change over time.
 180 The code for the Debian package
 181 <a href="https://github.com/petterreinholdtsen/battery-status">is now
 182 available on github</a>.</p>
 183
 184 <p>The collected log file look like this:</p>
 185
 186 <pre>
 187 timestamp,manufacturer,model_name,technology,serial_number,energy_full,energy_full_design,energy_now,cycle_count,status,
 188 1376591133,LGC,45N1025,Li-ion,974,62800000,62160000,39050000,0,Discharging,
 189 [...]
 190 1443090528,LGC,45N1025,Li-ion,974,4900000,62160000,4900000,0,Full,
 191 1443090601,LGC,45N1025,Li-ion,974,4900000,62160000,4900000,0,Full,
 192 </pre>
 193
 194 <p>I wrote a small script to create a graph of the charge development
 195 over time.  This graph depicted above show the slow death of my laptop
 196 battery.</p>
 197
 198 <p>But why is this happening?  Why are my laptop batteries always
 199 dying in a year or two, while the batteries of space probes and
 200 satellites keep working year after year.  If we are to believe
 201 <a href="http://batteryuniversity.com/learn/article/how_to_prolong_lithium_based_batteries">Battery
 202 University</a>, the cause is me charging the battery whenever I have a
 203 chance, and the fix is to not charge the Lithium-ion batteries to 100%
 204 all the time, but to stay below 90% of full charge most of the time.
 205 I've been told that the Tesla electric cars
 206 <a href="http://my.teslamotors.com/de_CH/forum/forums/battery-charge-limit">limit
 207 the charge of their batteries to 80%</a>, with the option to charge to
 208 100% when preparing for a longer trip (not that I would want a car
 209 like Tesla where rights to privacy is abandoned, but that is another
 210 story), which I guess is the option we should have for laptops on
 211 Linux too.</p>
 212
 213 <p>Is there a good and generic way with Linux to tell the battery to
 214 stop charging at 80%, unless requested to charge to 100% once in
 215 preparation for a longer trip?  I found
 216 <a href="http://askubuntu.com/questions/34452/how-can-i-limit-battery-charging-to-80-capacity">one
 217 recipe on askubuntu for Ubuntu to limit charging on Thinkpad to
 218 80%</a>, but could not get it to work (kernel module refused to
 219 load).</p>
 220
 221 <p>I wonder why the battery capacity was reported to be more than 100%
 222 at the start.  I also wonder why the "full capacity" increases some
 223 times, and if it is possible to repeat the process to get the battery
 224 back to design capacity.  And I wonder if the discharge and charge
 225 speed change over time, or if this stay the same.  I did not yet try
 226 to write a tool to calculate the derivative values of the battery
 227 level, but suspect some interesting insights might be learned from
 228 those.</p>
 229
 230 <p>Update 2015-09-24: I got a tip to install the packages
 231 acpi-call-dkms and tlp (unfortunately missing in Debian stable)
 232 packages instead of the tp-smapi-dkms package I had tried to use
 233 initially, and use 'tlp setcharge 40 80' to change when charging start
 234 and stop.  I've done so now, but expect my existing battery is toast
 235 and need to be replaced.  The proposal is unfortunately Thinkpad
 236 specific.</p>
 237 </div>
 238       <div class="tags">
 239
 240
 241         Tags: <a href="http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/tags/debian">debian</a>, <a href="http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/tags/english">english</a>.
 242
 243
 244       </div>
 245     </div>
 246     <div class="padding"></div>
 247
 248     <div class="entry">
 249       <div class="title"><a href="http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/Book_cover_for_the_Free_Culture_book_finally_done.html">Book cover for the Free Culture book finally done</a></div>
 250       <div class="date"> 3rd September 2015</div>
 251       <div class="body"><p>Creating a good looking book cover proved harder than I expected.
 252 I wanted to create a cover looking similar to the original cover of
 253 the
 254 <a href="https://github.com/petterreinholdtsen/free-culture-lessig">Free
 255 Culture</a> book we are translating to Norwegian, and I wanted it in
 256 vector format for high resolution printing.  But my inkscape knowledge
 257 were not nearly good enough to pull that off.
 258
 259 <p>But thanks to the great inkscape community, I was able to wrap up
 260 the cover yesterday evening.  I asked on the
 261 <a href="irc://irc.freenode.net/%23inkscape">#inkscape IRC channel</a>
 262 on Freenode for help and clues, and Marc Jeanmougin (Mc-) volunteered
 263 to try to recreate it based on the PDF of the cover from the HTML
 264 version.  Not only did he create a
 265 <a href="https://marc.jeanmougin.fr/share/copy1.svg ">SVG document with
 266 the original and his vector version side by side</a>, he even provided
 267 an <a href="https://marc.jeanmougin.fr/share/out-1.ogv">instruction
 268 video</a> explaining how he did it</a>.  But the instruction video is
 269 not easy to follow for an untrained inkscape user. The video is a
 270 recording on how he did it, and he is obviously very experienced as
 271 the menu selections are very quick and he mentioned on IRC that he did
 272 use some keyboard shortcuts that can't be seen on the video, but it
 273 give a good idea about the inkscape operations to use to create the
 274 stripes with the embossed copyright sign in the center.</p>
 275
 276 <p>I took his SVG file, copied the vector image and re-sized it to fit
 277 on the cover I was drawing.  I am happy with the end result, and the
 278 current english version look like this:</p>
 279
 280 <img src="http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/images/2015-09-03-free-culture-cover.png" width="70%" align="center"/>
 281
 282 <p>I am not quite sure about the text on the back, but guess it will
 283 do.  I picked three quotes from the official site for the book, and
 284 hope it will work to trigger the interest of potential readers.  The
 285 Norwegian cover will look the same, but with the texts and bar code
 286 replaced with the Norwegian version.</p>
 287
 288 <p>The book is very close to being ready for publication, and I expect
 289 to upload the final draft to Lulu in the next few days and order a
 290 final proof reading copy to verify that everything look like it should
 291 before allowing everyone to order their own copy of Free Culture, in
 292 English or Norwegian Bokmål.  I'm waiting to give the the productive
 293 proof readers a chance to complete their work.</p>
 294 </div>
 295       <div class="tags">
 296
 297
 298         Tags: <a href="http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/tags/docbook">docbook</a>, <a href="http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/tags/english">english</a>, <a href="http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/tags/freeculture">freeculture</a>.
 299
 300
 301       </div>
 302     </div>
 303     <div class="padding"></div>
 304
 305     <div class="entry">
 306       <div class="title"><a href="http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/In_my_hand__a_pocket_book_edition_of_the_Norwegian_Free_Culture_book_.html">In my hand, a pocket book edition of the Norwegian Free Culture book!</a></div>
 307       <div class="date">19th August 2015</div>
 308       <div class="body"><p>Today, finally, my first printed draft edition of the Norwegian
 309 translation of Free Culture I have been working on for the last few
 310 years arrived in the mail.  I had to fake a cover to get the interior
 311 printed, and the exterior of the book look awful, but that is
 312 irrelevant at this point.  I asked for a printed pocket book version
 313 to get an idea about the font sizes and paper format as well as how
 314 good the figures and images look in print, but also to test what the
 315 pocket book version would look like.  After receiving the 500 page
 316 pocket book, it became obvious to me that that pocket book size is too
 317 small for this book.  I believe the book is too thick, and several
 318 tables and figures do not look good in the size they get with that
 319 small page sizes.  I believe I will go with the 5.5x8.5 inch size
 320 instead.  A surprise discovery from the paper version was how bad the
 321 URLs look in print.  They are very hard to read in the colophon page.
 322 The URLs are red in the PDF, but light gray on paper.  I need to
 323 change the color of links somehow to look better.  But there is a
 324 printed book in my hand, and it feels great. :)</p>
 325
 326 <p>Now I only need to fix the cover, wrap up the postscript with the
 327 store behind the book, and collect the last corrections from the proof
 328 readers before the book is ready for proper printing.  Cover artists
 329 willing to work for free and create a Creative Commons licensed vector
 330 file looking similar to the original is most welcome, as my skills as
 331 a graphics designer are mostly missing.</p>
 332 </div>
 333       <div class="tags">
 334
 335
 336         Tags: <a href="http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/tags/docbook">docbook</a>, <a href="http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/tags/english">english</a>, <a href="http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/tags/freeculture">freeculture</a>.
 337
 338
 339       </div>
 340     </div>
 341     <div class="padding"></div>
 342
 343     <div class="entry">
 344       <div class="title"><a href="http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/First_paper_version_of_the_Norwegian_Free_Culture_book_heading_my_way.html">First paper version of the Norwegian Free Culture book heading my way</a></div>
 345       <div class="date"> 9th August 2015</div>
 346       <div class="body"><p>Typesetting a book is harder than I hoped.  As the translation is
 347 mostly done, and a volunteer proof reader was going to check the text
 348 on paper, it was time this summer to focus on formatting my translated
 349 <a href="http://www.docbook.org/">docbook</a> based version of the
 350 <a href="http://free-culture.cc/">Free Culture</a> book by Lawrence
 351 Lessig.  I've been trying to get both docboox-xsl+fop and dblatex to
 352 give me a good looking PDF, but in the end I went with dblatex, because
 353 its Debian maintainer and upstream developer were responsive and very
 354 helpful in solving my formatting challenges.</p>
 355
 356 <p>Last night, I finally managed to create a PDF that no longer made
 357 <a href="http://www.lulu.com/">Lulu.com</a> complain after uploading,
 358 and I ordered a text version of the book on paper.  It is lacking a
 359 proper book cover and is not tagged with the correct ISBN number, but
 360 should give me an idea what the finished book will look like.</p>
 361
 362 <p>Instead of using Lulu, I did consider printing the book using
 363 <a href="http://www.createspace.com/">CreateSpace</a>, but ended up
 364 using Lulu because it had smaller book size options (CreateSpace seem
 365 to lack pocket book with extended distribution).  I looked for a
 366 similar service in Norway, but have not seen anything so far.  Please
 367 let me know if I am missing out on something here.</p>
 368
 369 <p>But I still struggle to decide the book size.  Should I go for
 370 pocket book (4.25x6.875 inches / 10.8x17.5 cm) with 556 pages, Digest
 371 (5.5x8.5 inches / 14x21.6 cm) with 323 pages or US Trade (6x8 inches /
 372 15.3x22.9 cm) with 280 pages?  Fewer pager give a cheaper book, and a
 373 smaller book is easier to carry around.  The test book I ordered was
 374 pocket book sized, to give me an idea how well that fit in my hand,
 375 but I suspect I will end up using a digest sized book in the end to
 376 bring the prize down further.</p>
 377
 378 <p>My biggest challenge at the moment is making nice cover art.  My
 379 inkscape skills are not yet up to the task of replicating the original
 380 cover in SVG format.  I also need to figure out what to write about
 381 the book on the back (will most likely use the same text as the
 382 description on web based book stores).  I would love help with this,
 383 if you are willing to license the art source and final version using
 384 the same CC license as the book.  My artistic skills are not really up
 385 to the task.</p>
 386
 387 <p>I plan to publish the book in both English and Norwegian and on
 388 paper, in PDF form as well as EPUB and MOBI format.  The current
 389 status can as usual be found on
 390 <a href="https://github.com/petterreinholdtsen/free-culture-lessig">github</a>
 391 in the archive/ directory.  So far I have spent all time on making the
 392 PDF version look good.  Someone should probably do the same with the
 393 dbtoepub generated e-book.  Help is definitely needed here, as I
 394 expect to run out of steem before I find time to improve the epub
 395 formatting.</p>
 396
 397 <p>Please let me know via github if you find typos in the book or
 398 discover translations that should be improved.  The final proof
 399 reading is being done right now, and I expect to publish the finished
 400 result in a few months.</p>
 401 </div>
 402       <div class="tags">
 403
 404
 405         Tags: <a href="http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/tags/docbook">docbook</a>, <a href="http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/tags/english">english</a>, <a href="http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/tags/freeculture">freeculture</a>.
 406
 407
 408       </div>
 409     </div>
 410     <div class="padding"></div>
 411
 412     <div class="entry">
 413       <div class="title"><a href="http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/Typesetting_DocBook_footnotes_as_endnotes_with_dblatex.html">Typesetting DocBook footnotes as endnotes with dblatex</a></div>
 414       <div class="date">16th July 2015</div>
 415       <div class="body"><p>I'm still working on the Norwegian version of the
 416 <a href="http://free-culture.cc/">Free Culture book by Lawrence
 417 Lessig</a>, and is now working on the final typesetting and layout.
 418 One of the features I want to get the structure similar to the
 419 original book is to typeset the footnotes as endnotes in the notes
 420 chapter.  Based on the
 421 <a href="https://bugs.debian.org/685063">feedback from the Debian
 422 maintainer and the dblatex developer</a>, I came up with this recipe I
 423 would like to share with you.  The proposal was to create a new LaTeX
 424 class file and add the LaTeX code there, but this is not always
 425 practical, when I want to be able to replace the class using a make
 426 file variable.  So my proposal misuses the latex.begindocument XSL
 427 parameter value, to get a small fragment into the correct location in
 428 the generated LaTeX File.</p>
 429
 430 <p>First, decide where in the DocBook document to place the endnotes,
 431 and add this text there:</p>
 432
 433 <pre>
 434 &lt;?latex \theendnotes ?&gt;
 435 </pre>
 436
 437 <p>Next, create a xsl stylesheet file dblatex-endnotes.xsl to add the
 438 code needed to add the endnote instructions in the preamble of the
 439 generated LaTeX document, with content like this:</p>
 440
 441 <pre>
 442 &lt;?xml version='1.0'?&gt;
 443 &lt;xsl:stylesheet xmlns:xsl="http://www.w3.org/1999/XSL/Transform" version='1.0'&gt;
 444   &lt;xsl:param name="latex.begindocument"&gt;
 445     &lt;xsl:text&gt;
 446 \usepackage{endnotes}
 447 \let\footnote=\endnote
 448 \def\enoteheading{\mbox{}\par\vskip-\baselineskip }
 449 \begin{document}
 450     &lt;/xsl:text&gt;
 451   &lt;/xsl:param&gt;
 452 &lt;/xsl:stylesheet&gt;
 453 </pre>
 454
 455 <p>Finally, load this xsl file when running dblatex, for example like
 456 this:</p>
 457
 458 <pre>
 459 dblatex --xsl-user=dblatex-endnotes.xsl freeculture.nb.xml
 460 </pre>
 461
 462 <p>The end result can be seen on github, where
 463 <a href="https://github.com/petterreinholdtsen/free-culture-lessig">my
 464 book project</a> is located.</p>
 465 </div>
 466       <div class="tags">
 467
 468
 469         Tags: <a href="http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/tags/docbook">docbook</a>, <a href="http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/tags/english">english</a>, <a href="http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/tags/freeculture">freeculture</a>.
 470
 471
 472       </div>
 473     </div>
 474     <div class="padding"></div>
 475
 476     <div class="entry">
 477       <div class="title"><a href="http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/Mimes_br_nn__norsk_utgave_av_Alaveteli___WhatDoTheyKnow__endelig_lansert.html">Mimes brønn, norsk utgave av Alaveteli / WhatDoTheyKnow, endelig lansert</a></div>
 478       <div class="date"> 9th July 2015</div>
 479       <div class="body"><p>I går fikk vi endelig lansert en norsk version av mySocietys
 480 <a href="https://www.whatdotheyknow.com/">WhatDoTheyKnow</a>.
 481 Tjenesten heter Mimes brønn, og ble
 482 <a href="http://www.nuug.no/news/NUUG_lanserer_innsynstjenesten_Mimes_Br_nn.shtml">annonsert
 483 av NUUG</a> via blogg, epost og twitter til NUUG-assosierte personer.
 484 Det har tatt noen år, men de siste dagene fikk vi endelig tid til å få
 485 på plass de siste bitene.  Vi er to, Gorm og meg selv, som har vært
 486 primus motor for det hele, men vi har fått hjelp med oversettelser og
 487 oppsett fra mange flere.  Jeg vil si tusen takk til hver og en av dem,
 488 og er veldig fornøyd med at vi klarte å få tjenesten opp å kjøre før
 489 ferietiden slo inn for fullt.</p>
 490
 491 <p>Vi er usikker på hvor mye belastning den virtuelle maskinen der
 492 tjenesten kjører klarer, så vi har lansert litt i det stille og ikke
 493 til for mange folk for å se hvordan maskinen klarer seg over sommeren,
 494 før vi går mer aktivt ut og annonserer til høsten.  Ta en titt, og se
 495 om du kanskje har et spørsmål til det offentlige som er egnet å sende
 496 inn via Mimes brønn.</p>
 497
 498 <p>Hvis du lurer på hva i alle dager en slik tjenestes kan brukes til,
 499 anbefaler jeg deg å se
 500 <a href="http://beta.frikanalen.no/video/625321">TED-foredraget til
 501 Heather Brook</a> om hvordan hun brukte WhatDoTheyKnow til å lære
 502 hvordan offentlige midler ble misbrukt.  Det er en inspirerende
 503 historie.</p>
 504 </div>
 505       <div class="tags">
 506
 507
 508         Tags: <a href="http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/tags/norsk">norsk</a>, <a href="http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/tags/nuug">nuug</a>, <a href="http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/tags/offentlig innsyn">offentlig innsyn</a>.
 509
 510
 511       </div>
 512     </div>
 513     <div class="padding"></div>
 514
 515     <div class="entry">
 516       <div class="title"><a href="http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/MPEG_LA_on__Internet_Broadcast_AVC_Video__licensing_and_non_private_use.html">MPEG LA on "Internet Broadcast AVC Video" licensing and non-private use</a></div>
 517       <div class="date"> 7th July 2015</div>
 518       <div class="body"><p>After asking the Norwegian Broadcasting Company (NRK)
 519 <a href="http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/Hva_gj_r_at_NRK_kan_distribuere_H_264_video_uten_patentavtale_med_MPEG_LA_.html">why
 520 they can broadcast and stream H.264 video without an agreement with
 521 the MPEG LA</a>, I was wiser, but still confused.  So I asked MPEG LA
 522 if their understanding matched that of NRK.  As far as I can tell, it
 523 does not.</p>
 524
 525 <p>I started by asking for more information about the various
 526 licensing classes and what exactly is covered by the "Internet
 527 Broadcast AVC Video" class that NRK pointed me at to explain why NRK
 528 did not need a license for streaming H.264 video:
 529
 530 <p><blockquote>
 531
 532 <p>According to
 533 <a href="http://www.mpegla.com/Lists/MPEG%20LA%20News%20List/Attachments/226/n-10-02-02.pdf">a
 534 MPEG LA press release dated 2010-02-02</a>, there is no charge when
 535 using MPEG AVC/H.264 according to the terms of "Internet Broadcast AVC
 536 Video".  I am trying to understand exactly what the terms of "Internet
 537 Broadcast AVC Video" is, and wondered if you could help me.  What
 538 exactly is covered by these terms, and what is not?</p>
 539
 540 <p>The only source of more information I have been able to find is a
 541 PDF named
 542 <a href="http://www.mpegla.com/main/programs/avc/Documents/avcweb.pdf">AVC
 543 Patent Portfolio License Briefing</a>, which states this about the
 544 fees:</p>
 545
 546 <ul>
 547  <li>Where End User pays for AVC Video
 548   <ul>
 549    <li>Subscription (not limited by title) – 100,000 or fewer
 550      subscribers/yr = no royalty; &gt; 100,000 to 250,000 subscribers/yr =
 551      $25,000; &gt;250,000 to 500,000 subscribers/yr = $50,000; &gt;500,000 to
 552      1M subscribers/yr = $75,000; &gt;1M subscribers/yr = $100,000</li>
 553
 554    <li>Title-by-Title - 12 minutes or less = no royalty; &gt;12 minutes in
 555      length = lower of (a) 2% or (b) $0.02 per title</li>
 556   </ul></li>
 557
 558  <li>Where remuneration is from other sources
 559   <ul>
 560    <li>Free Television - (a) one-time $2,500 per transmission encoder or
 561      (b) annual fee starting at $2,500 for &gt; 100,000 HH rising to
 562      maximum $10,000 for &gt;1,000,000 HH</li>
 563
 564    <li>Internet Broadcast AVC Video (not title-by-title, not subscription)
 565      – no royalty for life of the AVC Patent Portfolio License</li>
 566   </ul></li>
 567 </ul>
 568
 569 <p>Am I correct in assuming that the four categories listed is the
 570 categories used when selecting licensing terms, and that "Internet
 571 Broadcast AVC Video" is the category for things that do not fall into
 572 one of the other three categories?  Can you point me to a good source
 573 explaining what is ment by "title-by-title" and "Free Television" in
 574 the license terms for AVC/H.264?</p>
 575
 576 <p>Will a web service providing H.264 encoded video content in a
 577 "video on demand" fashing similar to Youtube and Vimeo, where no
 578 subscription is required and no payment is required from end users to
 579 get access to the videos, fall under the terms of the "Internet
 580 Broadcast AVC Video", ie no royalty for life of the AVC Patent
 581 Portfolio license?  Does it matter if some users are subscribed to get
 582 access to personalized services?</p>
 583
 584 <p>Note, this request and all answers will be published on the
 585 Internet.</p>
 586 </blockquote></p>
 587
 588 <p>The answer came quickly from Benjamin J. Myers, Licensing Associate
 589 with the MPEG LA:</p>
 590
 591 <p><blockquote>
 592 <p>Thank you for your message and for your interest in MPEG LA.  We
 593 appreciate hearing from you and I will be happy to assist you.</p>
 594
 595 <p>As you are aware, MPEG LA offers our AVC Patent Portfolio License
 596 which provides coverage under patents that are essential for use of
 597 the AVC/H.264 Standard (MPEG-4 Part 10).  Specifically, coverage is
 598 provided for end products and video content that make use of AVC/H.264
 599 technology.  Accordingly, the party offering such end products and
 600 video to End Users concludes the AVC License and is responsible for
 601 paying the applicable royalties.</p>
 602
 603 <p>Regarding Internet Broadcast AVC Video, the AVC License generally
 604 defines such content to be video that is distributed to End Users over
 605 the Internet free-of-charge.  Therefore, if a party offers a service
 606 which allows users to upload AVC/H.264 video to its website, and such
 607 AVC Video is delivered to End Users for free, then such video would
 608 receive coverage under the sublicense for Internet Broadcast AVC
 609 Video, which is not subject to any royalties for the life of the AVC
 610 License.  This would also apply in the scenario where a user creates a
 611 free online account in order to receive a customized offering of free
 612 AVC Video content.  In other words, as long as the End User is given
 613 access to or views AVC Video content at no cost to the End User, then
 614 no royalties would be payable under our AVC License.</p>
 615
 616 <p>On the other hand, if End Users pay for access to AVC Video for a
 617 specific period of time (e.g., one month, one year, etc.), then such
 618 video would constitute Subscription AVC Video.  In cases where AVC
 619 Video is delivered to End Users on a pay-per-view basis, then such
 620 content would constitute Title-by-Title AVC Video.  If a party offers
 621 Subscription or Title-by-Title AVC Video to End Users, then they would
 622 be responsible for paying the applicable royalties you noted below.</p>
 623
 624 <p>Finally, in the case where AVC Video is distributed for free
 625 through an "over-the-air, satellite and/or cable transmission", then
 626 such content would constitute Free Television AVC Video and would be
 627 subject to the applicable royalties.</p>
 628
 629 <p>For your reference, I have attached
 630 <a href="http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/images/2015-07-07-mpegla.pdf">a
 631 .pdf copy of the AVC License</a>. You will find the relevant
 632 sublicense information regarding AVC Video in Sections 2.2 through
 633 2.5, and the corresponding royalties in Section 3.1.2 through 3.1.4.
 634 You will also find the definitions of Title-by-Title AVC Video,
 635 Subscription AVC Video, Free Television AVC Video, and Internet
 636 Broadcast AVC Video in Section 1 of the License.  Please note that the
 637 electronic copy is provided for informational purposes only and cannot
 638 be used for execution.</p>
 639
 640 <p>I hope the above information is helpful.  If you have additional
 641 questions or need further assistance with the AVC License, please feel
 642 free to contact me directly.</p>
 643 </blockquote></p>
 644
 645 <p>Having a fresh copy of the license text was useful, and knowing
 646 that the definition of Title-by-Title required payment per title made
 647 me aware that my earlier understanding of that phrase had been wrong.
 648 But I still had a few questions:</p>
 649
 650 <p><blockquote>
 651 <p>I have a small followup question.  Would it be possible for me to get
 652 a license with MPEG LA even if there are no royalties to be paid?  The
 653 reason I ask, is that some video related products have a copyright
 654 clause limiting their use without a license with MPEG LA.  The clauses
 655 typically look similar to this:
 656
 657 <p><blockquote>
 658   This product is licensed under the AVC patent portfolio license for
 659   the personal and non-commercial use of a consumer to (a) encode
 660   video in compliance with the AVC standard ("AVC video") and/or (b)
 661   decode AVC video that was encoded by a consumer engaged in a
 662   personal and non-commercial activity and/or AVC video that was
 663   obtained from a video provider licensed to provide AVC video. No
 664   license is granted or shall be implied for any other use. additional
 665   information may be obtained from MPEG LA L.L.C.
 666 </blockquote></p>
 667
 668 <p>It is unclear to me if this clause mean that I need to enter into
 669 an agreement with MPEG LA to use the product in question, even if
 670 there are no royalties to be paid to MPEG LA.  I suspect it will
 671 differ depending on the jurisdiction, and mine is Norway.  What is
 672 MPEG LAs view on this?</p>
 673 </blockquote></p>
 674
 675 <p>According to the answer, MPEG LA believe those using such tools for
 676 non-personal or commercial use need a license with them:</p>
 677
 678 <p><blockquote>
 679
 680 <p>With regard to the Notice to Customers, I would like to begin by
 681 clarifying that the Notice from Section 7.1 of the AVC License
 682 reads:</p>
 683
 684 <p>THIS PRODUCT IS LICENSED UNDER THE AVC PATENT PORTFOLIO LICENSE FOR
 685 THE PERSONAL USE OF A CONSUMER OR OTHER USES IN WHICH IT DOES NOT
 686 RECEIVE REMUNERATION TO (i) ENCODE VIDEO IN COMPLIANCE WITH THE AVC
 687 STANDARD ("AVC VIDEO") AND/OR (ii) DECODE AVC VIDEO THAT WAS ENCODED
 688 BY A CONSUMER ENGAGED IN A PERSONAL ACTIVITY AND/OR WAS OBTAINED FROM
 689 A VIDEO PROVIDER LICENSED TO PROVIDE AVC VIDEO. NO LICENSE IS GRANTED
 690 OR SHALL BE IMPLIED FOR ANY OTHER USE. ADDITIONAL INFORMATION MAY BE
 691 OBTAINED FROM MPEG LA, L.L.C. SEE HTTP://WWW.MPEGLA.COM</p>
 692
 693 <p>The Notice to Customers is intended to inform End Users of the
 694 personal usage rights (for example, to watch video content) included
 695 with the product they purchased, and to encourage any party using the
 696 product for commercial purposes to contact MPEG LA in order to become
 697 licensed for such use (for example, when they use an AVC Product to
 698 deliver Title-by-Title, Subscription, Free Television or Internet
 699 Broadcast AVC Video to End Users, or to re-Sell a third party's AVC
 700 Product as their own branded AVC Product).</p>
 701
 702 <p>Therefore, if a party is to be licensed for its use of an AVC
 703 Product to Sell AVC Video on a Title-by-Title, Subscription, Free
 704 Television or Internet Broadcast basis, that party would need to
 705 conclude the AVC License, even in the case where no royalties were
 706 payable under the License.  On the other hand, if that party (either a
 707 Consumer or business customer) simply uses an AVC Product for their
 708 own internal purposes and not for the commercial purposes referenced
 709 above, then such use would be included in the royalty paid for the AVC
 710 Products by the licensed supplier.</p>
 711
 712 <p>Finally, I note that our AVC License provides worldwide coverage in
 713 countries that have AVC Patent Portfolio Patents, including
 714 Norway.</p>
 715
 716 <p>I hope this clarification is helpful.  If I may be of any further
 717 assistance, just let me know.</p>
 718 </blockquote></p>
 719
 720 <p>The mentioning of Norwegian patents made me a bit confused, so I
 721 asked for more information:</p>
 722
 723 <p><blockquote>
 724
 725 <p>But one minor question at the end.  If I understand you correctly,
 726 you state in the quote above that there are patents in the AVC Patent
 727 Portfolio that are valid in Norway.  This make me believe I read the
 728 list available from &lt;URL:
 729 <a href="http://www.mpegla.com/main/programs/AVC/Pages/PatentList.aspx">http://www.mpegla.com/main/programs/AVC/Pages/PatentList.aspx</a>
 730 &gt; incorrectly, as I believed the "NO" prefix in front of patents
 731 were Norwegian patents, and the only one I could find under Mitsubishi
 732 Electric Corporation expired in 2012.  Which patents are you referring
 733 to that are relevant for Norway?</p>
 734
 735 </blockquote></p>
 736
 737 <p>Again, the quick answer explained how to read the list of patents
 738 in that list:</p>
 739
 740 <p><blockquote>
 741
 742 <p>Your understanding is correct that the last AVC Patent Portfolio
 743 Patent in Norway expired on 21 October 2012.  Therefore, where AVC
 744 Video is both made and Sold in Norway after that date, then no
 745 royalties would be payable for such AVC Video under the AVC License.
 746 With that said, our AVC License provides historic coverage for AVC
 747 Products and AVC Video that may have been manufactured or Sold before
 748 the last Norwegian AVC patent expired.  I would also like to clarify
 749 that coverage is provided for the country of manufacture and the
 750 country of Sale that has active AVC Patent Portfolio Patents.</p>
 751
 752 <p>Therefore, if a party offers AVC Products or AVC Video for Sale in
 753 a country with active AVC Patent Portfolio Patents (for example,
 754 Sweden, Denmark, Finland, etc.), then that party would still need
 755 coverage under the AVC License even if such products or video are
 756 initially made in a country without active AVC Patent Portfolio
 757 Patents (for example, Norway).  Similarly, a party would need to
 758 conclude the AVC License if they make AVC Products or AVC Video in a
 759 country with active AVC Patent Portfolio Patents, but eventually Sell
 760 such AVC Products or AVC Video in a country without active AVC Patent
 761 Portfolio Patents.</p>
 762 </blockquote></p>
 763
 764 <p>As far as I understand it, MPEG LA believe anyone using Adobe
 765 Premiere and other video related software with a H.264 distribution
 766 license need a license agreement with MPEG LA to use such tools for
 767 anything non-private or commercial, while it is OK to set up a
 768 Youtube-like service as long as no-one pays to get access to the
 769 content.  I still have no clear idea how this applies to Norway, where
 770 none of the patents MPEG LA is licensing are valid.  Will the
 771 copyright terms take precedence or can those terms be ignored because
 772 the patents are not valid in Norway?</p>
 773 </div>
 774       <div class="tags">
 775
 776
 777         Tags: <a href="http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/tags/english">english</a>, <a href="http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/tags/h264">h264</a>, <a href="http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/tags/multimedia">multimedia</a>, <a href="http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/tags/opphavsrett">opphavsrett</a>, <a href="http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/tags/standard">standard</a>, <a href="http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/tags/video">video</a>, <a href="http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/tags/web">web</a>.
 778
 779
 780       </div>
 781     </div>
 782     <div class="padding"></div>
 783
 784     <div class="entry">
 785       <div class="title"><a href="http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/New_laptop___some_more_clues_and_ideas_based_on_feedback.html">New laptop - some more clues and ideas based on feedback</a></div>
 786       <div class="date"> 5th July 2015</div>
 787       <div class="body"><p>Several people contacted me after my previous blog post about my
 788 need for a new laptop, and provided very useful feedback.  I wish to
 789 thank every one of these.  Several pointed me to the possibility of
 790 fixing my X230, and I am already in the process of getting Lenovo to
 791 do so thanks to the on site, next day support contract covering the
 792 machine.  But the battery is almost useless (I expect to replace it
 793 with a non-official battery) and I do not expect the machine to live
 794 for many more years, so it is time to plan its replacement.  If I did
 795 not have a support contract, it was suggested to find replacement parts
 796 using <a href="http://www.francecrans.com/">FrancEcrans</a>, but it
 797 might present a language barrier as I do not understand French.</p>
 798
 799 <p>One tip I got was to use the
 800 <a href="https://skinflint.co.uk/?cat=nb">Skinflint</a> web service to
 801 compare laptop models.  It seem to have more models available than
 802 prisjakt.no.  Another tip I got from someone I know have similar
 803 keyboard preferences was that the HP EliteBook 840 keyboard is not
 804 very good, and this matches my experience with earlier EliteBook
 805 keyboards I tested.  Because of this, I will not consider it any further.
 806
 807 <p>When I wrote my blog post, I was not aware of Thinkpad X250, the
 808 newest Thinkpad X model.  The keyboard reintroduces mouse buttons
 809 (which is missing from the X240), and is working fairly well with
 810 Debian Sid/Unstable according to
 811 <a href="http://www.corsac.net/X250/">Corsac.net</a>.  The reports I
 812 got on the keyboard quality are not consistent.  Some say the keyboard
 813 is good, others say it is ok, while others say it is not very good.
 814 Those with experience from X41 and and X60 agree that the X250
 815 keyboard is not as good as those trusty old laptops, and suggest I
 816 keep and fix my X230 instead of upgrading, or get a used X230 to
 817 replace it.  I'm also told that the X250 lack leds for caps lock, disk
 818 activity and battery status, which is very convenient on my X230.  I'm
 819 also told that the CPU fan is running very often, making it a bit
 820 noisy.  In any case, the X250 do not work out of the box with Debian
 821 Stable/Jessie, one of my requirements.</p>
 822
 823 <p>I have also gotten a few vendor proposals, one was
 824 <a href="http://pro-star.com">Pro-Star</a>, another was
 825 <a href="http://shop.gluglug.org.uk/product/libreboot-x200/">Libreboot</a>.
 826 The latter look very attractive to me.</p>
 827
 828 <p>Again, thank you all for the very useful feedback.  It help a lot
 829 as I keep looking for a replacement.</p>
 830
 831 <p>Update 2015-07-06: I was recommended to check out the
 832 <a href="">lapstore.de</a> web shop for used laptops.  They got several
 833 different
 834 <a href="http://www.lapstore.de/f.php/shop/lapstore/f/411/lang/x/kw/Lenovo_ThinkPad_X_Serie/">old
 835 thinkpad X models</a>, and provide one year warranty.</p>
 836 </div>
 837       <div class="tags">
 838
 839
 840         Tags: <a href="http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/tags/debian">debian</a>, <a href="http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/tags/english">english</a>.
 841
 842
 843       </div>
 844     </div>
 845     <div class="padding"></div>
 846
 847     <p style="text-align: right;"><a href="index.rss"><img src="http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/xml.gif" alt="RSS feed" width="36" height="14" /></a></p>
 848     <div id="sidebar">
 849
 850
 851
 852 <h2>Archive</h2>
 853 <ul>
 854
 855 <li>2015
 856 <ul>
 857
 858 <li><a href="http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/archive/2015/01/">January (7)</a></li>
 859
 860 <li><a href="http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/archive/2015/02/">February (6)</a></li>
 861
 862 <li><a href="http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/archive/2015/03/">March (1)</a></li>
 863
 864 <li><a href="http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/archive/2015/04/">April (4)</a></li>
 865
 866 <li><a href="http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/archive/2015/05/">May (3)</a></li>
 867
 868 <li><a href="http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/archive/2015/06/">June (4)</a></li>
 869
 870 <li><a href="http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/archive/2015/07/">July (6)</a></li>
 871
 872 <li><a href="http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/archive/2015/08/">August (2)</a></li>
 873
 874 <li><a href="http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/archive/2015/09/">September (2)</a></li>
 875
 876 <li><a href="http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/archive/2015/10/">October (2)</a></li>
 877
 878 </ul></li>
 879
 880 <li>2014
 881 <ul>
 882
 883 <li><a href="http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/archive/2014/01/">January (2)</a></li>
 884
 885 <li><a href="http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/archive/2014/02/">February (3)</a></li>
 886
 887 <li><a href="http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/archive/2014/03/">March (8)</a></li>
 888
 889 <li><a href="http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/archive/2014/04/">April (7)</a></li>
 890
 891 <li><a href="http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/archive/2014/05/">May (1)</a></li>
 892
 893 <li><a href="http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/archive/2014/06/">June (2)</a></li>
 894
 895 <li><a href="http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/archive/2014/07/">July (2)</a></li>
 896
 897 <li><a href="http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/archive/2014/08/">August (2)</a></li>
 898
 899 <li><a href="http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/archive/2014/09/">September (5)</a></li>
 900
 901 <li><a href="http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/archive/2014/10/">October (6)</a></li>
 902
 903 <li><a href="http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/archive/2014/11/">November (3)</a></li>
 904
 905 <li><a href="http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/archive/2014/12/">December (5)</a></li>
 906
 907 </ul></li>
 908
 909 <li>2013
 910 <ul>
 911
 912 <li><a href="http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/archive/2013/01/">January (11)</a></li>
 913
 914 <li><a href="http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/archive/2013/02/">February (9)</a></li>
 915
 916 <li><a href="http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/archive/2013/03/">March (9)</a></li>
 917
 918 <li><a href="http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/archive/2013/04/">April (6)</a></li>
 919
 920 <li><a href="http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/archive/2013/05/">May (9)</a></li>
 921
 922 <li><a href="http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/archive/2013/06/">June (10)</a></li>
 923
 924 <li><a href="http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/archive/2013/07/">July (7)</a></li>
 925
 926 <li><a href="http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/archive/2013/08/">August (3)</a></li>
 927
 928 <li><a href="http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/archive/2013/09/">September (5)</a></li>
 929
 930 <li><a href="http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/archive/2013/10/">October (7)</a></li>
 931
 932 <li><a href="http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/archive/2013/11/">November (9)</a></li>
 933
 934 <li><a href="http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/archive/2013/12/">December (3)</a></li>
 935
 936 </ul></li>
 937
 938 <li>2012
 939 <ul>
 940
 941 <li><a href="http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/archive/2012/01/">January (7)</a></li>
 942
 943 <li><a href="http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/archive/2012/02/">February (10)</a></li>
 944
 945 <li><a href="http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/archive/2012/03/">March (17)</a></li>
 946
 947 <li><a href="http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/archive/2012/04/">April (12)</a></li>
 948
 949 <li><a href="http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/archive/2012/05/">May (12)</a></li>
 950
 951 <li><a href="http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/archive/2012/06/">June (20)</a></li>
 952
 953 <li><a href="http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/archive/2012/07/">July (17)</a></li>
 954
 955 <li><a href="http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/archive/2012/08/">August (6)</a></li>
 956
 957 <li><a href="http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/archive/2012/09/">September (9)</a></li>
 958
 959 <li><a href="http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/archive/2012/10/">October (17)</a></li>
 960
 961 <li><a href="http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/archive/2012/11/">November (10)</a></li>
 962
 963 <li><a href="http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/archive/2012/12/">December (7)</a></li>
 964
 965 </ul></li>
 966
 967 <li>2011
 968 <ul>
 969
 970 <li><a href="http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/archive/2011/01/">January (16)</a></li>
 971
 972 <li><a href="http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/archive/2011/02/">February (6)</a></li>
 973
 974 <li><a href="http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/archive/2011/03/">March (6)</a></li>
 975
 976 <li><a href="http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/archive/2011/04/">April (7)</a></li>
 977
 978 <li><a href="http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/archive/2011/05/">May (3)</a></li>
 979
 980 <li><a href="http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/archive/2011/06/">June (2)</a></li>
 981
 982 <li><a href="http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/archive/2011/07/">July (7)</a></li>
 983
 984 <li><a href="http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/archive/2011/08/">August (6)</a></li>
 985
 986 <li><a href="http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/archive/2011/09/">September (4)</a></li>
 987
 988 <li><a href="http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/archive/2011/10/">October (2)</a></li>
 989
 990 <li><a href="http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/archive/2011/11/">November (3)</a></li>
 991
 992 <li><a href="http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/archive/2011/12/">December (1)</a></li>
 993
 994 </ul></li>
 995
 996 <li>2010
 997 <ul>
 998
 999 <li><a href="http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/archive/2010/01/">January (2)</a></li>
1000
1001 <li><a href="http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/archive/2010/02/">February (1)</a></li>
1002
1003 <li><a href="http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/archive/2010/03/">March (3)</a></li>
1004
1005 <li><a href="http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/archive/2010/04/">April (3)</a></li>
1006
1007 <li><a href="http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/archive/2010/05/">May (9)</a></li>
1008
1009 <li><a href="http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/archive/2010/06/">June (14)</a></li>
1010
1011 <li><a href="http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/archive/2010/07/">July (12)</a></li>
1012
1013 <li><a href="http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/archive/2010/08/">August (13)</a></li>
1014
1015 <li><a href="http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/archive/2010/09/">September (7)</a></li>
1016
1017 <li><a href="http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/archive/2010/10/">October (9)</a></li>
1018
1019 <li><a href="http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/archive/2010/11/">November (13)</a></li>
1020
1021 <li><a href="http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/archive/2010/12/">December (12)</a></li>
1022
1023 </ul></li>
1024
1025 <li>2009
1026 <ul>
1027
1028 <li><a href="http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/archive/2009/01/">January (8)</a></li>
1029
1030 <li><a href="http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/archive/2009/02/">February (8)</a></li>
1031
1032 <li><a href="http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/archive/2009/03/">March (12)</a></li>
1033
1034 <li><a href="http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/archive/2009/04/">April (10)</a></li>
1035
1036 <li><a href="http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/archive/2009/05/">May (9)</a></li>
1037
1038 <li><a href="http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/archive/2009/06/">June (3)</a></li>
1039
1040 <li><a href="http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/archive/2009/07/">July (4)</a></li>
1041
1042 <li><a href="http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/archive/2009/08/">August (3)</a></li>
1043
1044 <li><a href="http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/archive/2009/09/">September (1)</a></li>
1045
1046 <li><a href="http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/archive/2009/10/">October (2)</a></li>
1047
1048 <li><a href="http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/archive/2009/11/">November (3)</a></li>
1049
1050 <li><a href="http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/archive/2009/12/">December (3)</a></li>
1051
1052 </ul></li>
1053
1054 <li>2008
1055 <ul>
1056
1057 <li><a href="http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/archive/2008/11/">November (5)</a></li>
1058
1059 <li><a href="http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/archive/2008/12/">December (7)</a></li>
1060
1061 </ul></li>
1062
1063 </ul>
1064
1065
1066
1067 <h2>Tags</h2>
1068 <ul>
1069
1070  <li><a href="http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/tags/3d-printer">3d-printer (13)</a></li>
1071
1072  <li><a href="http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/tags/amiga">amiga (1)</a></li>
1073
1074  <li><a href="http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/tags/aros">aros (1)</a></li>
1075
1076  <li><a href="http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/tags/bankid">bankid (4)</a></li>
1077
1078  <li><a href="http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/tags/bitcoin">bitcoin (8)</a></li>
1079
1080  <li><a href="http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/tags/bootsystem">bootsystem (15)</a></li>
1081
1082  <li><a href="http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/tags/bsa">bsa (2)</a></li>
1083
1084  <li><a href="http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/tags/chrpath">chrpath (2)</a></li>
1085
1086  <li><a href="http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/tags/debian">debian (112)</a></li>
1087
1088  <li><a href="http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/tags/debian edu">debian edu (153)</a></li>
1089
1090  <li><a href="http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/tags/digistan">digistan (10)</a></li>
1091
1092  <li><a href="http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/tags/dld">dld (15)</a></li>
1093
1094  <li><a href="http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/tags/docbook">docbook (18)</a></li>
1095
1096  <li><a href="http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/tags/drivstoffpriser">drivstoffpriser (4)</a></li>
1097
1098  <li><a href="http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/tags/english">english (289)</a></li>
1099
1100  <li><a href="http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/tags/fiksgatami">fiksgatami (23)</a></li>
1101
1102  <li><a href="http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/tags/fildeling">fildeling (12)</a></li>
1103
1104  <li><a href="http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/tags/freeculture">freeculture (20)</a></li>
1105
1106  <li><a href="http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/tags/freedombox">freedombox (9)</a></li>
1107
1108  <li><a href="http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/tags/frikanalen">frikanalen (16)</a></li>
1109
1110  <li><a href="http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/tags/h264">h264 (20)</a></li>
1111
1112  <li><a href="http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/tags/intervju">intervju (42)</a></li>
1113
1114  <li><a href="http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/tags/isenkram">isenkram (10)</a></li>
1115
1116  <li><a href="http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/tags/kart">kart (19)</a></li>
1117
1118  <li><a href="http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/tags/ldap">ldap (9)</a></li>
1119
1120  <li><a href="http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/tags/lenker">lenker (8)</a></li>
1121
1122  <li><a href="http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/tags/lsdvd">lsdvd (2)</a></li>
1123
1124  <li><a href="http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/tags/ltsp">ltsp (1)</a></li>
1125
1126  <li><a href="http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/tags/mesh network">mesh network (8)</a></li>
1127
1128  <li><a href="http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/tags/multimedia">multimedia (36)</a></li>
1129
1130  <li><a href="http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/tags/norsk">norsk (265)</a></li>
1131
1132  <li><a href="http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/tags/nuug">nuug (177)</a></li>
1133
1134  <li><a href="http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/tags/offentlig innsyn">offentlig innsyn (20)</a></li>
1135
1136  <li><a href="http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/tags/open311">open311 (2)</a></li>
1137
1138  <li><a href="http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/tags/opphavsrett">opphavsrett (53)</a></li>
1139
1140  <li><a href="http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/tags/personvern">personvern (87)</a></li>
1141
1142  <li><a href="http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/tags/raid">raid (1)</a></li>
1143
1144  <li><a href="http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/tags/reactos">reactos (1)</a></li>
1145
1146  <li><a href="http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/tags/reprap">reprap (11)</a></li>
1147
1148  <li><a href="http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/tags/rfid">rfid (3)</a></li>
1149
1150  <li><a href="http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/tags/robot">robot (9)</a></li>
1151
1152  <li><a href="http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/tags/rss">rss (1)</a></li>
1153
1154  <li><a href="http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/tags/ruter">ruter (4)</a></li>
1155
1156  <li><a href="http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/tags/scraperwiki">scraperwiki (2)</a></li>
1157
1158  <li><a href="http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/tags/sikkerhet">sikkerhet (42)</a></li>
1159
1160  <li><a href="http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/tags/sitesummary">sitesummary (4)</a></li>
1161
1162  <li><a href="http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/tags/skepsis">skepsis (4)</a></li>
1163
1164  <li><a href="http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/tags/standard">standard (48)</a></li>
1165
1166  <li><a href="http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/tags/stavekontroll">stavekontroll (3)</a></li>
1167
1168  <li><a href="http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/tags/stortinget">stortinget (10)</a></li>
1169
1170  <li><a href="http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/tags/surveillance">surveillance (34)</a></li>
1171
1172  <li><a href="http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/tags/sysadmin">sysadmin (2)</a></li>
1173
1174  <li><a href="http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/tags/usenix">usenix (2)</a></li>
1175
1176  <li><a href="http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/tags/valg">valg (8)</a></li>
1177
1178  <li><a href="http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/tags/video">video (54)</a></li>
1179
1180  <li><a href="http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/tags/vitenskap">vitenskap (4)</a></li>
1181
1182  <li><a href="http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/tags/web">web (37)</a></li>
1183
1184 </ul>
1185
1186
1187     </div>
1188     <p style="text-align: right">
1189  Created by <a href="http://steve.org.uk/Software/chronicle">Chronicle v4.6</a>
1190 </p>
1191
1192   </body>
1193 </html>