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13 <div class="title">
14 <h1>
15 <a href="http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/">Petter Reinholdtsen</a>
16
17 </h1>
18
19 </div>
20
21
22 <h3>Entries from January 2013.</h3>
23
24 <div class="entry">
25 <div class="title">
26 <a href="http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/Thank_you_Thinkpad_X41__for_your_long_and_trustworthy_service.html">Thank you Thinkpad X41, for your long and trustworthy service</a>
27 </div>
28 <div class="date">
29 19th January 2013
30 </div>
31 <div class="body">
32 <p>This Christmas my trusty old laptop died. It died quietly and
33 suddenly in bed. With a quiet whimper, it went completely quiet and
34 black. The power button was no longer able to turn it on. It was a
35 IBM Thinkpad X41, and the best laptop I ever had. Better than both
36 Thinkpads X30, X31, X40, X60, X61 and X61S. Far better than the
37 Compaq I had before that. Now I need to find a replacement. To keep
38 going during Christmas, I moved the one year old SSD disk to my old
39 X40 where it fitted (only one I had left that could use it), but it is
40 not a durable solution.
41
42 <p>My laptop needs are fairly modest. This is my wishlist from when I
43 got a new one more than 10 years ago. It still holds true.:)</p>
44
45 <ul>
46
47 <li>Lightweight (around 1 kg) and small volume (preferably smaller
48 than A4).</li>
49 <li>Robust, it will be in my backpack every day.</li>
50 <li>Three button mouse and a mouse pin instead of touch pad.</li>
51 <li>Long battery life time. Preferable a week.</li>
52 <li>Internal WIFI network card.</li>
53 <li>Internal Twisted Pair network card.</li>
54 <li>Some USB slots (2-3 is plenty)</li>
55 <li>Good keyboard - similar to the Thinkpad.</li>
56 <li>Video resolution at least 1024x768, with size around 12" (A4 paper
57 size).</li>
58 <li>Hardware supported by Debian Stable, ie the default kernel and
59 X.org packages.</li>
60 <li>Quiet, preferably fan free (or at least not using the fan most of
61 the time).
62
63 </ul>
64
65 <p>You will notice that there are no RAM and CPU requirements in the
66 list. The reason is simply that the specifications on laptops the
67 last 10-15 years have been sufficient for my needs, and I have to look
68 at other features to choose my laptop. But are there still made as
69 robust laptops as my X41? The Thinkpad X60/X61 proved to be less
70 robust, and Thinkpads seem to be heading in the wrong direction since
71 Lenovo took over. But I've been told that X220 and X1 Carbon might
72 still be useful.</p>
73
74 <p>Perhaps I should rethink my needs, and look for a pad with an
75 external keyboard? I'll have to check the
76 <a href="http://www.linux-laptop.net/">Linux Laptops site</a> for
77 well-supported laptops, or perhaps just buy one preinstalled from one
78 of the vendors listed on the <a href="http://linuxpreloaded.com/">Linux
79 Pre-loaded site</a>.</p>
80
81 </div>
82 <div class="tags">
83
84
85 Tags: <a href="http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/tags/debian">debian</a>, <a href="http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/tags/english">english</a>.
86
87
88 </div>
89 </div>
90 <div class="padding"></div>
91
92 <div class="entry">
93 <div class="title">
94 <a href="http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/How_to_find_a_browser_plugin_supporting_a_given_MIME_type.html">How to find a browser plugin supporting a given MIME type</a>
95 </div>
96 <div class="date">
97 18th January 2013
98 </div>
99 <div class="body">
100 <p>Some times I try to figure out which Iceweasel browser plugin to
101 install to get support for a given MIME type. Thanks to
102 <a href="https://wiki.ubuntu.com/MozillaTeam/Plugins">specifications
103 done by Ubuntu</a> and Mozilla, it is possible to do this in Debian.
104 Unfortunately, not very many packages provide the needed meta
105 information, Anyway, here is a small script to look up all browser
106 plugin packages announcing ther MIME support using this specification:</p>
107
108 <pre>
109 #!/usr/bin/python
110 import sys
111 import apt
112 def pkgs_handling_mimetype(mimetype):
113 cache = apt.Cache()
114 cache.open(None)
115 thepkgs = []
116 for pkg in cache:
117 version = pkg.candidate
118 if version is None:
119 version = pkg.installed
120 if version is None:
121 continue
122 record = version.record
123 if not record.has_key('Npp-MimeType'):
124 continue
125 mime_types = record['Npp-MimeType'].split(',')
126 for t in mime_types:
127 t = t.rstrip().strip()
128 if t == mimetype:
129 thepkgs.append(pkg.name)
130 return thepkgs
131 mimetype = "audio/ogg"
132 if 1 < len(sys.argv):
133 mimetype = sys.argv[1]
134 print "Browser plugin packages supporting %s:" % mimetype
135 for pkg in pkgs_handling_mimetype(mimetype):
136 print " %s" %pkg
137 </pre>
138
139 <p>It can be used like this to look up a given MIME type:</p>
140
141 <pre>
142 % ./apt-find-browserplug-for-mimetype
143 Browser plugin packages supporting audio/ogg:
144 gecko-mediaplayer
145 % ./apt-find-browserplug-for-mimetype application/x-shockwave-flash
146 Browser plugin packages supporting application/x-shockwave-flash:
147 browser-plugin-gnash
148 %
149 </pre>
150
151 <p>In Ubuntu this mechanism is combined with support in the browser
152 itself to query for plugins and propose to install the needed
153 packages. It would be great if Debian supported such feature too. Is
154 anyone working on adding it?</p>
155
156 <p><strong>Update 2013-01-18 14:20</strong>: The Debian BTS
157 request for icweasel support for this feature is
158 <a href="http://bugs.debian.org/484010">#484010</a> from 2008 (and
159 <a href="http://bugs.debian.org/698426">#698426</a> from today). Lack
160 of manpower and wish for a different design is the reason thus feature
161 is not yet in iceweasel from Debian.</p>
162
163 </div>
164 <div class="tags">
165
166
167 Tags: <a href="http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/tags/debian">debian</a>, <a href="http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/tags/english">english</a>.
168
169
170 </div>
171 </div>
172 <div class="padding"></div>
173
174 <div class="entry">
175 <div class="title">
176 <a href="http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/What_is_the_most_supported_MIME_type_in_Debian_.html">What is the most supported MIME type in Debian?</a>
177 </div>
178 <div class="date">
179 16th January 2013
180 </div>
181 <div class="body">
182 <p>The <a href="http://wiki.debian.org/AppStreamDebianProposal">DEP-11
183 proposal to add AppStream information to the Debian archive</a>, is a
184 proposal to make it possible for a Desktop application to propose to
185 the user some package to install to gain support for a given MIME
186 type, font, library etc. that is currently missing. With such
187 mechanism in place, it would be possible for the desktop to
188 automatically propose and install leocad if some LDraw file is
189 downloaded by the browser.</p>
190
191 <p>To get some idea about the current content of the archive, I decided
192 to write a simple program to extract all .desktop files from the
193 Debian archive and look up the claimed MIME support there. The result
194 can be found on the
195 <a href="http://ftp.skolelinux.org/pub/AppStreamTest">Skolelinux FTP
196 site</a>. Using the collected information, it become possible to
197 answer the question in the title. Here are the 20 most supported MIME
198 types in Debian stable (Squeeze), testing (Wheezy) and unstable (Sid).
199 The complete list is available from the link above.</p>
200
201 <p><strong>Debian Stable:</strong></p>
202
203 <pre>
204 count MIME type
205 ----- -----------------------
206 32 text/plain
207 30 audio/mpeg
208 29 image/png
209 28 image/jpeg
210 27 application/ogg
211 26 audio/x-mp3
212 25 image/tiff
213 25 image/gif
214 22 image/bmp
215 22 audio/x-wav
216 20 audio/x-flac
217 19 audio/x-mpegurl
218 18 video/x-ms-asf
219 18 audio/x-musepack
220 18 audio/x-mpeg
221 18 application/x-ogg
222 17 video/mpeg
223 17 audio/x-scpls
224 17 audio/ogg
225 16 video/x-ms-wmv
226 </pre>
227
228 <p><strong>Debian Testing:</strong></p>
229
230 <pre>
231 count MIME type
232 ----- -----------------------
233 33 text/plain
234 32 image/png
235 32 image/jpeg
236 29 audio/mpeg
237 27 image/gif
238 26 image/tiff
239 26 application/ogg
240 25 audio/x-mp3
241 22 image/bmp
242 21 audio/x-wav
243 19 audio/x-mpegurl
244 19 audio/x-mpeg
245 18 video/mpeg
246 18 audio/x-scpls
247 18 audio/x-flac
248 18 application/x-ogg
249 17 video/x-ms-asf
250 17 text/html
251 17 audio/x-musepack
252 16 image/x-xbitmap
253 </pre>
254
255 <p><strong>Debian Unstable:</strong></p>
256
257 <pre>
258 count MIME type
259 ----- -----------------------
260 31 text/plain
261 31 image/png
262 31 image/jpeg
263 29 audio/mpeg
264 28 application/ogg
265 27 image/gif
266 26 image/tiff
267 26 audio/x-mp3
268 23 audio/x-wav
269 22 image/bmp
270 21 audio/x-flac
271 20 audio/x-mpegurl
272 19 audio/x-mpeg
273 18 video/x-ms-asf
274 18 video/mpeg
275 18 audio/x-scpls
276 18 application/x-ogg
277 17 audio/x-musepack
278 16 video/x-ms-wmv
279 16 video/x-msvideo
280 </pre>
281
282 <p>I am told that PackageKit can provide an API to access the kind of
283 information mentioned in DEP-11. I have not yet had time to look at
284 it, but hope the PackageKit people in Debian are on top of these
285 issues.</p>
286
287 <p><strong>Update 2013-01-16 13:35</strong>: Updated numbers after
288 discovering a typo in my script.</p>
289
290 </div>
291 <div class="tags">
292
293
294 Tags: <a href="http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/tags/debian">debian</a>, <a href="http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/tags/english">english</a>.
295
296
297 </div>
298 </div>
299 <div class="padding"></div>
300
301 <div class="entry">
302 <div class="title">
303 <a href="http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/Using_modalias_info_to_find_packages_handling_my_hardware.html">Using modalias info to find packages handling my hardware</a>
304 </div>
305 <div class="date">
306 15th January 2013
307 </div>
308 <div class="body">
309 <p>Yesterday, I wrote about the
310 <a href="http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/Modalias_strings___a_practical_way_to_map__stuff__to_hardware.html">modalias
311 values provided by the Linux kernel</a> following my hope for
312 <a href="http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/Lets_make_hardware_dongles_easier_to_use_in_Debian.html">better
313 dongle support in Debian</a>. Using this knowledge, I have tested how
314 modalias values attached to package names can be used to map packages
315 to hardware. This allow the system to look up and suggest relevant
316 packages when I plug in some new hardware into my machine, and replace
317 discover and discover-data as the database used to map hardware to
318 packages.</p>
319
320 <p>I create a modaliases file with entries like the following,
321 containing package name, kernel module name (if relevant, otherwise
322 the package name) and globs matching the relevant hardware
323 modalias.</p>
324
325 <p><blockquote>
326 Package: package-name
327 <br>Modaliases: module(modaliasglob, modaliasglob, modaliasglob)</p>
328 </blockquote></p>
329
330 <p>It is fairly trivial to write code to find the relevant packages
331 for a given modalias value using this file.</p>
332
333 <p>An entry like this would suggest the video and picture application
334 cheese for many USB web cameras (interface bus class 0E01):</p>
335
336 <p><blockquote>
337 Package: cheese
338 <br>Modaliases: cheese(usb:v*p*d*dc*dsc*dp*ic0Eisc01ip*)</p>
339 </blockquote></p>
340
341 <p>An entry like this would suggest the pcmciautils package when a
342 CardBus bridge (bus class 0607) PCI device is present:</p>
343
344 <p><blockquote>
345 Package: pcmciautils
346 <br>Modaliases: pcmciautils(pci:v*d*sv*sd*bc06sc07i*)
347 </blockquote></p>
348
349 <p>An entry like this would suggest the package colorhug-client when
350 plugging in a ColorHug with USB IDs 04D8:F8DA:</p>
351
352 <p><blockquote>
353 Package: colorhug-client
354 <br>Modaliases: colorhug-client(usb:v04D8pF8DAd*)</p>
355 </blockquote></p>
356
357 <p>I believe the format is compatible with the format of the Packages
358 file in the Debian archive. Ubuntu already uses their Packages file
359 to store their mappings from packages to hardware.</p>
360
361 <p>By adding a XB-Modaliases: header in debian/control, any .deb can
362 announce the hardware it support in a way my prototype understand.
363 This allow those publishing packages in an APT source outside the
364 Debian archive as well as those backporting packages to make sure the
365 hardware mapping are included in the package meta information. I've
366 tested such header in the pymissile package, and its modalias mapping
367 is working as it should with my prototype. It even made it to Ubuntu
368 Raring.</p>
369
370 <p>To test if it was possible to look up supported hardware using only
371 the shell tools available in the Debian installer, I wrote a shell
372 implementation of the lookup code. The idea is to create files for
373 each modalias and let the shell do the matching. Please check out and
374 try the
375 <a href="http://anonscm.debian.org/viewvc/debian-edu/trunk/src/hw-support-handler/hw-support-lookup?view=co">hw-support-lookup</a>
376 shell script. It run without any extra dependencies and fetch the
377 hardware mappings from the Debian archive and the subversion
378 repository where I currently work on my prototype.</p>
379
380 <p>When I use it on a machine with a yubikey inserted, it suggest to
381 install yubikey-personalization:</p>
382
383 <p><blockquote>
384 % ./hw-support-lookup
385 <br>yubikey-personalization
386 <br>%
387 </blockquote></p>
388
389 <p>When I run it on my Thinkpad X40 with a PCMCIA/CardBus slot, it
390 propose to install the pcmciautils package:</p>
391
392 <p><blockquote>
393 % ./hw-support-lookup
394 <br>pcmciautils
395 <br>%
396 </blockquote></p>
397
398 <p>If you know of any hardware-package mapping that should be added to
399 <a href="http://anonscm.debian.org/viewvc/debian-edu/trunk/src/hw-support-handler/modaliases?view=co">my
400 database</a>, please tell me about it.</p>
401
402 <p>It could be possible to generate several of the mappings between
403 packages and hardware. One source would be to look at packages with
404 kernel modules, ie packages with *.ko files in /lib/modules/, and
405 extract their modalias information. Another would be to look at
406 packages with udev rules, ie packages with files in
407 /lib/udev/rules.d/, and extract their vendor/model information to
408 generate a modalias matching rule. I have not tested any of these to
409 see if it work.</p>
410
411 <p>If you want to help implementing a system to let us propose what
412 packages to install when new hardware is plugged into a Debian
413 machine, please send me an email or talk to me on
414 <a href="irc://irc.debian.org/%23debian-devel">#debian-devel</a>.</p>
415
416 </div>
417 <div class="tags">
418
419
420 Tags: <a href="http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/tags/debian">debian</a>, <a href="http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/tags/english">english</a>.
421
422
423 </div>
424 </div>
425 <div class="padding"></div>
426
427 <div class="entry">
428 <div class="title">
429 <a href="http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/Modalias_strings___a_practical_way_to_map__stuff__to_hardware.html">Modalias strings - a practical way to map "stuff" to hardware</a>
430 </div>
431 <div class="date">
432 14th January 2013
433 </div>
434 <div class="body">
435 <p>While looking into how to look up Debian packages based on hardware
436 information, to find the packages that support a given piece of
437 hardware, I refreshed my memory regarding modalias values, and decided
438 to document the details. Here are my findings so far, also available
439 in
440 <a href="http://anonscm.debian.org/viewvc/debian-edu/trunk/src/hw-support-handler/">the
441 Debian Edu subversion repository</a>:
442
443 <p><strong>Modalias decoded</strong></p>
444
445 <p>This document try to explain what the different types of modalias
446 values stands for. It is in part based on information from
447 &lt;URL: <a href="https://wiki.archlinux.org/index.php/Modalias">https://wiki.archlinux.org/index.php/Modalias</a> &gt;,
448 &lt;URL: <a href="http://unix.stackexchange.com/questions/26132/how-to-assign-usb-driver-to-device">http://unix.stackexchange.com/questions/26132/how-to-assign-usb-driver-to-device</a> &gt;,
449 &lt;URL: <a href="http://code.metager.de/source/history/linux/stable/scripts/mod/file2alias.c">http://code.metager.de/source/history/linux/stable/scripts/mod/file2alias.c</a> &gt; and
450 &lt;URL: <a href="http://cvs.savannah.gnu.org/viewvc/dmidecode/dmidecode.c?root=dmidecode&view=markup">http://cvs.savannah.gnu.org/viewvc/dmidecode/dmidecode.c?root=dmidecode&view=markup</a> &gt;.
451
452 <p>The modalias entries for a given Linux machine can be found using
453 this shell script:</p>
454
455 <pre>
456 find /sys -name modalias -print0 | xargs -0 cat | sort -u
457 </pre>
458
459 <p>The supported modalias globs for a given kernel module can be found
460 using modinfo:</p>
461
462 <pre>
463 % /sbin/modinfo psmouse | grep alias:
464 alias: serio:ty05pr*id*ex*
465 alias: serio:ty01pr*id*ex*
466 %
467 </pre>
468
469 <p><strong>PCI subtype</strong></p>
470
471 <p>A typical PCI entry can look like this. This is an Intel Host
472 Bridge memory controller:</p>
473
474 <p><blockquote>
475 pci:v00008086d00002770sv00001028sd000001ADbc06sc00i00
476 </blockquote></p>
477
478 <p>This represent these values:</p>
479
480 <pre>
481 v 00008086 (vendor)
482 d 00002770 (device)
483 sv 00001028 (subvendor)
484 sd 000001AD (subdevice)
485 bc 06 (bus class)
486 sc 00 (bus subclass)
487 i 00 (interface)
488 </pre>
489
490 <p>The vendor/device values are the same values outputted from 'lspci
491 -n' as 8086:2770. The bus class/subclass is also shown by lspci as
492 0600. The 0600 class is a host bridge. Other useful bus values are
493 0300 (VGA compatible card) and 0200 (Ethernet controller).</p>
494
495 <p>Not sure how to figure out the interface value, nor what it
496 means.</p>
497
498 <p><strong>USB subtype</strong></p>
499
500 <p>Some typical USB entries can look like this. This is an internal
501 USB hub in a laptop:</p>
502
503 <p><blockquote>
504 usb:v1D6Bp0001d0206dc09dsc00dp00ic09isc00ip00
505 </blockquote></p>
506
507 <p>Here is the values included in this alias:</p>
508
509 <pre>
510 v 1D6B (device vendor)
511 p 0001 (device product)
512 d 0206 (bcddevice)
513 dc 09 (device class)
514 dsc 00 (device subclass)
515 dp 00 (device protocol)
516 ic 09 (interface class)
517 isc 00 (interface subclass)
518 ip 00 (interface protocol)
519 </pre>
520
521 <p>The 0900 device class/subclass means hub. Some times the relevant
522 class is in the interface class section. For a simple USB web camera,
523 these alias entries show up:</p>
524
525 <p><blockquote>
526 usb:v0AC8p3420d5000dcEFdsc02dp01ic01isc01ip00
527 <br>usb:v0AC8p3420d5000dcEFdsc02dp01ic01isc02ip00
528 <br>usb:v0AC8p3420d5000dcEFdsc02dp01ic0Eisc01ip00
529 <br>usb:v0AC8p3420d5000dcEFdsc02dp01ic0Eisc02ip00
530 </blockquote></p>
531
532 <p>Interface class 0E01 is video control, 0E02 is video streaming (aka
533 camera), 0101 is audio control device and 0102 is audio streaming (aka
534 microphone). Thus this is a camera with microphone included.</p>
535
536 <p><strong>ACPI subtype</strong></p>
537
538 <p>The ACPI type is used for several non-PCI/USB stuff. This is an IR
539 receiver in a Thinkpad X40:</p>
540
541 <p><blockquote>
542 acpi:IBM0071:PNP0511:
543 </blockquote></p>
544
545 <p>The values between the colons are IDs.</p>
546
547 <p><strong>DMI subtype</strong></p>
548
549 <p>The DMI table contain lots of information about the computer case
550 and model. This is an entry for a IBM Thinkpad X40, fetched from
551 /sys/devices/virtual/dmi/id/modalias:</p>
552
553 <p><blockquote>
554 dmi:bvnIBM:bvr1UETB6WW(1.66):bd06/15/2005:svnIBM:pn2371H4G:pvrThinkPadX40:rvnIBM:rn2371H4G:rvrNotAvailable:cvnIBM:ct10:cvrNotAvailable:
555 </blockquote></p>
556
557 <p>The values present are</p>
558
559 <pre>
560 bvn IBM (BIOS vendor)
561 bvr 1UETB6WW(1.66) (BIOS version)
562 bd 06/15/2005 (BIOS date)
563 svn IBM (system vendor)
564 pn 2371H4G (product name)
565 pvr ThinkPadX40 (product version)
566 rvn IBM (board vendor)
567 rn 2371H4G (board name)
568 rvr NotAvailable (board version)
569 cvn IBM (chassis vendor)
570 ct 10 (chassis type)
571 cvr NotAvailable (chassis version)
572 </pre>
573
574 <p>The chassis type 10 is Notebook. Other interesting values can be
575 found in the dmidecode source:</p>
576
577 <pre>
578 3 Desktop
579 4 Low Profile Desktop
580 5 Pizza Box
581 6 Mini Tower
582 7 Tower
583 8 Portable
584 9 Laptop
585 10 Notebook
586 11 Hand Held
587 12 Docking Station
588 13 All In One
589 14 Sub Notebook
590 15 Space-saving
591 16 Lunch Box
592 17 Main Server Chassis
593 18 Expansion Chassis
594 19 Sub Chassis
595 20 Bus Expansion Chassis
596 21 Peripheral Chassis
597 22 RAID Chassis
598 23 Rack Mount Chassis
599 24 Sealed-case PC
600 25 Multi-system
601 26 CompactPCI
602 27 AdvancedTCA
603 28 Blade
604 29 Blade Enclosing
605 </pre>
606
607 <p>The chassis type values are not always accurately set in the DMI
608 table. For example my home server is a tower, but the DMI modalias
609 claim it is a desktop.</p>
610
611 <p><strong>SerIO subtype</strong></p>
612
613 <p>This type is used for PS/2 mouse plugs. One example is from my
614 test machine:</p>
615
616 <p><blockquote>
617 serio:ty01pr00id00ex00
618 </blockquote></p>
619
620 <p>The values present are</p>
621
622 <pre>
623 ty 01 (type)
624 pr 00 (prototype)
625 id 00 (id)
626 ex 00 (extra)
627 </pre>
628
629 <p>This type is supported by the psmouse driver. I am not sure what
630 the valid values are.</p>
631
632 <p><strong>Other subtypes</strong></p>
633
634 <p>There are heaps of other modalias subtypes according to
635 file2alias.c. There is the rest of the list from that source: amba,
636 ap, bcma, ccw, css, eisa, hid, i2c, ieee1394, input, ipack, isapnp,
637 mdio, of, parisc, pcmcia, platform, scsi, sdio, spi, ssb, vio, virtio,
638 vmbus, x86cpu and zorro. I did not spend time documenting all of
639 these, as they do not seem relevant for my intended use with mapping
640 hardware to packages when new stuff is inserted during run time.</p>
641
642 <p><strong>Looking up kernel modules using modalias values</strong></p>
643
644 <p>To check which kernel modules provide support for a given modalias,
645 one can use the following shell script:</p>
646
647 <pre>
648 for id in $(find /sys -name modalias -print0 | xargs -0 cat | sort -u); do \
649 echo "$id" ; \
650 /sbin/modprobe --show-depends "$id"|sed 's/^/ /' ; \
651 done
652 </pre>
653
654 <p>The output can look like this (only the first few entries as the
655 list is very long on my test machine):</p>
656
657 <pre>
658 acpi:ACPI0003:
659 insmod /lib/modules/2.6.32-5-686/kernel/drivers/acpi/ac.ko
660 acpi:device:
661 FATAL: Module acpi:device: not found.
662 acpi:IBM0068:
663 insmod /lib/modules/2.6.32-5-686/kernel/drivers/char/nvram.ko
664 insmod /lib/modules/2.6.32-5-686/kernel/drivers/leds/led-class.ko
665 insmod /lib/modules/2.6.32-5-686/kernel/net/rfkill/rfkill.ko
666 insmod /lib/modules/2.6.32-5-686/kernel/drivers/platform/x86/thinkpad_acpi.ko
667 acpi:IBM0071:PNP0511:
668 insmod /lib/modules/2.6.32-5-686/kernel/lib/crc-ccitt.ko
669 insmod /lib/modules/2.6.32-5-686/kernel/net/irda/irda.ko
670 insmod /lib/modules/2.6.32-5-686/kernel/drivers/net/irda/nsc-ircc.ko
671 [...]
672 </pre>
673
674 <p>If you want to help implementing a system to let us propose what
675 packages to install when new hardware is plugged into a Debian
676 machine, please send me an email or talk to me on
677 <a href="irc://irc.debian.org/%23debian-devel">#debian-devel</a>.</p>
678
679 <p><strong>Update 2013-01-15:</strong> Rewrite "cat $(find ...)" to
680 "find ... -print0 | xargs -0 cat" to make sure it handle directories
681 in /sys/ with space in them.</p>
682
683 </div>
684 <div class="tags">
685
686
687 Tags: <a href="http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/tags/debian">debian</a>, <a href="http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/tags/english">english</a>.
688
689
690 </div>
691 </div>
692 <div class="padding"></div>
693
694 <div class="entry">
695 <div class="title">
696 <a href="http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/Moved_the_pymissile_Debian_packaging_to_collab_maint.html">Moved the pymissile Debian packaging to collab-maint</a>
697 </div>
698 <div class="date">
699 10th January 2013
700 </div>
701 <div class="body">
702 <p>As part of my investigation on how to improve the support in Debian
703 for hardware dongles, I dug up my old Mark and Spencer USB Rocket
704 Launcher and updated the Debian package
705 <a href="http://packages.qa.debian.org/pymissile">pymissile</a> to make
706 sure udev will fix the device permissions when it is plugged in. I
707 also added a "Modaliases" header to test it in the Debian archive and
708 hopefully make the package be proposed by jockey in Ubuntu when a user
709 plug in his rocket launcher. In the process I moved the source to a
710 git repository under collab-maint, to make it easier for any DD to
711 contribute. <a href="http://code.google.com/p/pymissile/">Upstream</a>
712 is not very active, but the software still work for me even after five
713 years of relative silence. The new git repository is not listed in
714 the uploaded package yet, because I want to test the other changes a
715 bit more before I upload the new version. If you want to check out
716 the new version with a .desktop file included, visit the
717 <a href="http://anonscm.debian.org/gitweb/?p=collab-maint/pymissile.git">gitweb
718 view</a> or use "<tt>git clone
719 git://anonscm.debian.org/collab-maint/pymissile.git</tt>".</p>
720
721 </div>
722 <div class="tags">
723
724
725 Tags: <a href="http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/tags/debian">debian</a>, <a href="http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/tags/english">english</a>, <a href="http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/tags/robot">robot</a>.
726
727
728 </div>
729 </div>
730 <div class="padding"></div>
731
732 <div class="entry">
733 <div class="title">
734 <a href="http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/Lets_make_hardware_dongles_easier_to_use_in_Debian.html">Lets make hardware dongles easier to use in Debian</a>
735 </div>
736 <div class="date">
737 9th January 2013
738 </div>
739 <div class="body">
740 <p>One thing that annoys me with Debian and Linux distributions in
741 general, is that there is a great package management system with the
742 ability to automatically install software packages by downloading them
743 from the distribution mirrors, but no way to get it to automatically
744 install the packages I need to use the hardware I plug into my
745 machine. Even if the package to use it is easily available from the
746 Linux distribution. When I plug in a LEGO Mindstorms NXT, it could
747 suggest to automatically install the python-nxt, nbc and t2n packages
748 I need to talk to it. When I plug in a Yubikey, it could propose the
749 yubikey-personalization package. The information required to do this
750 is available, but no-one have pulled all the pieces together.</p>
751
752 <p>Some years ago, I proposed to
753 <a href="http://lists.debian.org/debian-devel/2010/05/msg01206.html">use
754 the discover subsystem to implement this</a>. The idea is fairly
755 simple:
756
757 <ul>
758
759 <li>Add a desktop entry in /usr/share/autostart/ pointing to a program
760 starting when a user log in.</li>
761
762 <li>Set this program up to listen for kernel events emitted when new
763 hardware is inserted into the computer.</li>
764
765 <li>When new hardware is inserted, look up the hardware ID in a
766 database mapping to packages, and take note of any non-installed
767 packages.</li>
768
769 <li>Show a message to the user proposing to install the discovered
770 package, and make it easy to install it.</li>
771
772 </ul>
773
774 <p>I am not sure what the best way to implement this is, but my
775 initial idea was to use dbus events to discover new hardware, the
776 discover database to find packages and
777 <a href="http://www.packagekit.org/">PackageKit</a> to install
778 packages.</p>
779
780 <p>Yesterday, I found time to try to implement this idea, and the
781 draft package is now checked into
782 <a href="http://anonscm.debian.org/viewvc/debian-edu/trunk/src/hw-support-handler/">the
783 Debian Edu subversion repository</a>. In the process, I updated the
784 <a href="http://packages.qa.debian.org/d/discover-data.html">discover-data</a>
785 package to map the USB ids of LEGO Mindstorms and Yubikey devices to
786 the relevant packages in Debian, and uploaded a new version
787 2.2013.01.09 to unstable. I also discovered that the current
788 <a href="http://packages.qa.debian.org/d/discover.html">discover</a>
789 package in Debian no longer discovered any USB devices, because
790 /proc/bus/usb/devices is no longer present. I ported it to use
791 libusb as a fall back option to get it working. The fixed package
792 version 2.1.2-6 is now in experimental (didn't upload it to unstable
793 because of the freeze).</p>
794
795 <p>With this prototype in place, I can insert my Yubikey, and get this
796 desktop notification to show up (only once, the first time it is
797 inserted):</p>
798
799 <p align="center"><img src="http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/images/2013-01-09-hw-autoinstall.png"></p>
800
801 <p>For this prototype to be really useful, some way to automatically
802 install the proposed packages by pressing the "Please install
803 program(s)" button should to be implemented.</p>
804
805 <p>If this idea seem useful to you, and you want to help make it
806 happen, please help me update the discover-data database with mappings
807 from hardware to Debian packages. Check if 'discover-pkginstall -l'
808 list the package you would like to have installed when a given
809 hardware device is inserted into your computer, and report bugs using
810 reportbug if it isn't. Or, if you know of a better way to provide
811 such mapping, please let me know.</p>
812
813 <p>This prototype need more work, and there are several questions that
814 should be considered before it is ready for production use. Is dbus
815 the correct way to detect new hardware? At the moment I look for HAL
816 dbus events on the system bus, because that is the events I could see
817 on my Debian Squeeze KDE desktop. Are there better events to use?
818 How should the user be notified? Is the desktop notification
819 mechanism the best option, or should the background daemon raise a
820 popup instead? How should packages be installed? When should they
821 not be installed?</p>
822
823 <p>If you want to help getting such feature implemented in Debian,
824 please send me an email. :)</p>
825
826 </div>
827 <div class="tags">
828
829
830 Tags: <a href="http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/tags/debian">debian</a>, <a href="http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/tags/english">english</a>.
831
832
833 </div>
834 </div>
835 <div class="padding"></div>
836
837 <div class="entry">
838 <div class="title">
839 <a href="http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/New_IRC_channel_for_LEGO_designers_using_Debian.html">New IRC channel for LEGO designers using Debian</a>
840 </div>
841 <div class="date">
842 2nd January 2013
843 </div>
844 <div class="body">
845 <p>During Christmas, I have worked a bit on the Debian support for
846 <a href="http://mindstorms.lego.com/en-us/Default.aspx">LEGO Mindstorm
847 NXT</a>. My son and I have played a bit with my NXT set, and I
848 discovered I had to build all the tools myself because none were
849 already in Debian Squeeze. If Debian support for LEGO is something
850 you care about, please join me on the IRC channel
851 <a href="irc://irc.debian.org/%23debian-lego">#debian-lego</a> (server
852 irc.debian.org). There is a lot that could be done to improve the
853 Debian support for LEGO designers. For example both CAD software
854 and Mindstorm compilers are missing. :)</p>
855
856 <p>Update 2012-01-03: A
857 <a href="http://wiki.debian.org/LegoDesigners">project page</a>
858 including links to Lego related packages is now available.</p>
859
860 </div>
861 <div class="tags">
862
863
864 Tags: <a href="http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/tags/debian">debian</a>, <a href="http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/tags/english">english</a>, <a href="http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/tags/robot">robot</a>.
865
866
867 </div>
868 </div>
869 <div class="padding"></div>
870
871 <div class="entry">
872 <div class="title">
873 <a href="http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/Lenker_for_2013_01_01.html">Lenker for 2013-01-01</a>
874 </div>
875 <div class="date">
876 1st January 2013
877 </div>
878 <div class="body">
879 <p>Her er noen lenker til tekster jeg har satt pris på å lese den
880 siste måneden.</p>
881
882 <ul>
883
884 <li>2012-12-07
885 <a href="http://www.idg.no/computerworld/article262047.ece">Myter og
886 FUD om fri programvare</a> av min venn Christer Gundersen som
887 kommenterer noen av de påstandene som er spredt via Computerworld
888 Norge de siste månedene.</li>
889
890 <li>BankID er et opplegg der utsteder (dvs. banken eller dens
891 leverandør) sitter på alt som trengs for å bruke BankID, men har
892 lovet å ikke bruke den unntatt på oppdrag fra deg. Det er greit nok
893 for banktjenester, der banken allerede har full kontroll over
894 resultatet, men problematisk når det gjelder tilgang til
895 helseopplysninger og avtaleinngåelse med andre enn banken. Jeg
896 håper protestene brer om seg.
897
898 <ul>
899
900 <li>2012-12-11 <a href="http://www.aftenposten.no/meninger/debatt/BankID-blottlegger-helseopplysninger-7067148.html">BankID
901 blottlegger helseopplysninger</a></li>
902
903 <li>2012-12-07 <a href="http://www.nrk.no/nyheter/norge/1.9695027">-
904 Helseopplysningene ikke sikre med Bank-ID</a></li>
905
906 <li>2012-12-07
907 <a href="https://www.bankid.no/Presse-og-nyheter/Nyhetsarkiv/2012/Papeker-alvorlige-men-kjente-utfordringer/">PÃ¥peker
908 alvorlige, men kjente utfordringer</a> er den offisielle
909 holdningen til de som lager BankID.</li>
910
911 <li>2012-12-08
912 <a href="http://www.tnp.no/norway/panorama/3419-ntnu-researcher-warns-against-security-of-bank-id-password">NTNU
913 Researcher Warns against Security of Bank ID Password</a>
914
915 </ul>
916
917 <li>2012-12-11 <a href="http://www.aftenposten.no/nyheter/iriks/Norske-elever-er-darligst-i-Europa-pa-algebra-7066752.html">Norske elever er dårligst i Europa på algebra</a>
918
919 <li>2012-12-11
920 <a href="http://www.aftenposten.no/meninger/debatt/Realfagsdodaren-7067173.html">Realfagsdødaren</a>
921
922 <li>2012-12-21
923 <a href="http://www.bt.no/nyheter/innenriks/112/--Forventningene-er-for-hoye-2816450.html">-
924 Noen må bli skuffet</a> - Politiet i Bergen forteller hvor lavt de
925 prioriterer hverdagskriminalitet.</li>
926
927 <li>2012-05-03
928 <a href="http://e24.no/jobb/kripos-ansatt-doemt-for-snoking-for-venn/20208585">
929 Kripos-ansatt dømt for snoking for venn</A> - viser hvor svak
930 reaksjonen blir når politiet misbruker innsamlet informasjon. En
931 forvarsel på konsekvensene av nasjonal brev- og besøkskontroll -
932 ofte kalt Datalagringsdirektivet.</li>
933
934 <li>2012-12-14
935 <a href="http://www.dagbladet.no/2012/12/14/kultur/debatt/kronikk/jul/ensomhet/24838541/">Ã…
936 smøre en forskjell</a> - om ensomhet og jul.</li>
937
938 <li>2012-12-18
939 <a href="http://www.aftenposten.no/meninger/kronikker/n-krise-av-gangen_-takk-7072452.html">Én
940 krise av gangen, takk!</a>
941
942
943 <li>2012-12-17
944 <a href="http://www.aftenposten.no/meninger/NAV-Et-mangehodet-monster--7072165.html">NAV:
945 Et mangehodet monster</a></li>
946
947 <li>2011-01-12
948 <a href="http://www.dagbladet.no/2011/01/12/kultur/debatt/kronikk/personvern/15027203/">Pasienter
949 uten vern</a> - forteller litt om hvordan Norsk Pasientregister og
950 andre helseregister raderer bort pasienters privatsfære.</li>
951
952
953 <li>2012-12-19
954 <a href="http://www.aftenposten.no/meninger/debatt/Hvorfor-er-barnefamilier-fattige-7073951.html">Hvorfor
955 er barnefamilier fattige?</a></li>
956
957 <li>2012-12-25
958 <a href="http://www.aftenposten.no/meninger/spaltister/Den-skjulte-minoriteten--konservative-kristne-i-Norge-7075518.html">Den
959 skjulte minoriteten – konservative kristne i Norge</a> - kronikk av
960 Bjørn Stærk fra aftenposten</li>
961
962 <li>2009-05-04
963 <a href="http://deltemeninger.no/-/bulletin/show/303429_folkebiblioteket-2-0?ref=checkpoint">Folkebiblioteket
964 2.0</a> - Min venn Sturle om opphavsrett og Internett, i debatt med
965 Olav Torvund.</li>
966
967 </ul>
968
969 <p>Og et godt nytt år til dere alle!</p>
970
971 </div>
972 <div class="tags">
973
974
975 Tags: <a href="http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/tags/bankid">bankid</a>, <a href="http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/tags/lenker">lenker</a>, <a href="http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/tags/norsk">norsk</a>, <a href="http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/tags/opphavsrett">opphavsrett</a>, <a href="http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/tags/personvern">personvern</a>.
976
977
978 </div>
979 </div>
980 <div class="padding"></div>
981
982 <p style="text-align: right;"><a href="01.rss"><img src="http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/xml.gif" alt="RSS Feed" width="36" height="14" /></a></p>
983 <div id="sidebar">
984
985
986
987 <h2>Archive</h2>
988 <ul>
989
990 <li>2013
991 <ul>
992
993 <li><a href="http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/archive/2013/01/">January (9)</a></li>
994
995 </ul></li>
996
997 <li>2012
998 <ul>
999
1000 <li><a href="http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/archive/2012/01/">January (7)</a></li>
1001
1002 <li><a href="http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/archive/2012/02/">February (10)</a></li>
1003
1004 <li><a href="http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/archive/2012/03/">March (17)</a></li>
1005
1006 <li><a href="http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/archive/2012/04/">April (12)</a></li>
1007
1008 <li><a href="http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/archive/2012/05/">May (12)</a></li>
1009
1010 <li><a href="http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/archive/2012/06/">June (20)</a></li>
1011
1012 <li><a href="http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/archive/2012/07/">July (17)</a></li>
1013
1014 <li><a href="http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/archive/2012/08/">August (6)</a></li>
1015
1016 <li><a href="http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/archive/2012/09/">September (9)</a></li>
1017
1018 <li><a href="http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/archive/2012/10/">October (17)</a></li>
1019
1020 <li><a href="http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/archive/2012/11/">November (10)</a></li>
1021
1022 <li><a href="http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/archive/2012/12/">December (7)</a></li>
1023
1024 </ul></li>
1025
1026 <li>2011
1027 <ul>
1028
1029 <li><a href="http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/archive/2011/01/">January (16)</a></li>
1030
1031 <li><a href="http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/archive/2011/02/">February (6)</a></li>
1032
1033 <li><a href="http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/archive/2011/03/">March (6)</a></li>
1034
1035 <li><a href="http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/archive/2011/04/">April (7)</a></li>
1036
1037 <li><a href="http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/archive/2011/05/">May (3)</a></li>
1038
1039 <li><a href="http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/archive/2011/06/">June (2)</a></li>
1040
1041 <li><a href="http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/archive/2011/07/">July (7)</a></li>
1042
1043 <li><a href="http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/archive/2011/08/">August (6)</a></li>
1044
1045 <li><a href="http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/archive/2011/09/">September (4)</a></li>
1046
1047 <li><a href="http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/archive/2011/10/">October (2)</a></li>
1048
1049 <li><a href="http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/archive/2011/11/">November (3)</a></li>
1050
1051 <li><a href="http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/archive/2011/12/">December (1)</a></li>
1052
1053 </ul></li>
1054
1055 <li>2010
1056 <ul>
1057
1058 <li><a href="http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/archive/2010/01/">January (2)</a></li>
1059
1060 <li><a href="http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/archive/2010/02/">February (1)</a></li>
1061
1062 <li><a href="http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/archive/2010/03/">March (3)</a></li>
1063
1064 <li><a href="http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/archive/2010/04/">April (3)</a></li>
1065
1066 <li><a href="http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/archive/2010/05/">May (9)</a></li>
1067
1068 <li><a href="http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/archive/2010/06/">June (14)</a></li>
1069
1070 <li><a href="http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/archive/2010/07/">July (12)</a></li>
1071
1072 <li><a href="http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/archive/2010/08/">August (13)</a></li>
1073
1074 <li><a href="http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/archive/2010/09/">September (7)</a></li>
1075
1076 <li><a href="http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/archive/2010/10/">October (9)</a></li>
1077
1078 <li><a href="http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/archive/2010/11/">November (13)</a></li>
1079
1080 <li><a href="http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/archive/2010/12/">December (12)</a></li>
1081
1082 </ul></li>
1083
1084 <li>2009
1085 <ul>
1086
1087 <li><a href="http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/archive/2009/01/">January (8)</a></li>
1088
1089 <li><a href="http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/archive/2009/02/">February (8)</a></li>
1090
1091 <li><a href="http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/archive/2009/03/">March (12)</a></li>
1092
1093 <li><a href="http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/archive/2009/04/">April (10)</a></li>
1094
1095 <li><a href="http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/archive/2009/05/">May (9)</a></li>
1096
1097 <li><a href="http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/archive/2009/06/">June (3)</a></li>
1098
1099 <li><a href="http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/archive/2009/07/">July (4)</a></li>
1100
1101 <li><a href="http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/archive/2009/08/">August (3)</a></li>
1102
1103 <li><a href="http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/archive/2009/09/">September (1)</a></li>
1104
1105 <li><a href="http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/archive/2009/10/">October (2)</a></li>
1106
1107 <li><a href="http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/archive/2009/11/">November (3)</a></li>
1108
1109 <li><a href="http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/archive/2009/12/">December (3)</a></li>
1110
1111 </ul></li>
1112
1113 <li>2008
1114 <ul>
1115
1116 <li><a href="http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/archive/2008/11/">November (5)</a></li>
1117
1118 <li><a href="http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/archive/2008/12/">December (7)</a></li>
1119
1120 </ul></li>
1121
1122 </ul>
1123
1124
1125
1126 <h2>Tags</h2>
1127 <ul>
1128
1129 <li><a href="http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/tags/3d-printer">3d-printer (13)</a></li>
1130
1131 <li><a href="http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/tags/amiga">amiga (1)</a></li>
1132
1133 <li><a href="http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/tags/aros">aros (1)</a></li>
1134
1135 <li><a href="http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/tags/bankid">bankid (4)</a></li>
1136
1137 <li><a href="http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/tags/bitcoin">bitcoin (5)</a></li>
1138
1139 <li><a href="http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/tags/bootsystem">bootsystem (12)</a></li>
1140
1141 <li><a href="http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/tags/bsa">bsa (2)</a></li>
1142
1143 <li><a href="http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/tags/debian">debian (67)</a></li>
1144
1145 <li><a href="http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/tags/debian edu">debian edu (118)</a></li>
1146
1147 <li><a href="http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/tags/digistan">digistan (9)</a></li>
1148
1149 <li><a href="http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/tags/docbook">docbook (7)</a></li>
1150
1151 <li><a href="http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/tags/drivstoffpriser">drivstoffpriser (4)</a></li>
1152
1153 <li><a href="http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/tags/english">english (173)</a></li>
1154
1155 <li><a href="http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/tags/fiksgatami">fiksgatami (21)</a></li>
1156
1157 <li><a href="http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/tags/fildeling">fildeling (12)</a></li>
1158
1159 <li><a href="http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/tags/freeculture">freeculture (10)</a></li>
1160
1161 <li><a href="http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/tags/frikanalen">frikanalen (9)</a></li>
1162
1163 <li><a href="http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/tags/intervju">intervju (32)</a></li>
1164
1165 <li><a href="http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/tags/kart">kart (17)</a></li>
1166
1167 <li><a href="http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/tags/ldap">ldap (8)</a></li>
1168
1169 <li><a href="http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/tags/lenker">lenker (6)</a></li>
1170
1171 <li><a href="http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/tags/ltsp">ltsp (1)</a></li>
1172
1173 <li><a href="http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/tags/multimedia">multimedia (25)</a></li>
1174
1175 <li><a href="http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/tags/norsk">norsk (219)</a></li>
1176
1177 <li><a href="http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/tags/nuug">nuug (148)</a></li>
1178
1179 <li><a href="http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/tags/offentlig innsyn">offentlig innsyn (6)</a></li>
1180
1181 <li><a href="http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/tags/open311">open311 (2)</a></li>
1182
1183 <li><a href="http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/tags/opphavsrett">opphavsrett (41)</a></li>
1184
1185 <li><a href="http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/tags/personvern">personvern (61)</a></li>
1186
1187 <li><a href="http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/tags/raid">raid (1)</a></li>
1188
1189 <li><a href="http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/tags/reprap">reprap (11)</a></li>
1190
1191 <li><a href="http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/tags/rfid">rfid (2)</a></li>
1192
1193 <li><a href="http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/tags/robot">robot (6)</a></li>
1194
1195 <li><a href="http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/tags/rss">rss (1)</a></li>
1196
1197 <li><a href="http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/tags/ruter">ruter (4)</a></li>
1198
1199 <li><a href="http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/tags/scraperwiki">scraperwiki (2)</a></li>
1200
1201 <li><a href="http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/tags/sikkerhet">sikkerhet (28)</a></li>
1202
1203 <li><a href="http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/tags/sitesummary">sitesummary (4)</a></li>
1204
1205 <li><a href="http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/tags/skepsis">skepsis (4)</a></li>
1206
1207 <li><a href="http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/tags/standard">standard (39)</a></li>
1208
1209 <li><a href="http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/tags/stavekontroll">stavekontroll (3)</a></li>
1210
1211 <li><a href="http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/tags/stortinget">stortinget (5)</a></li>
1212
1213 <li><a href="http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/tags/surveillance">surveillance (12)</a></li>
1214
1215 <li><a href="http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/tags/sysadmin">sysadmin (1)</a></li>
1216
1217 <li><a href="http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/tags/valg">valg (7)</a></li>
1218
1219 <li><a href="http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/tags/video">video (35)</a></li>
1220
1221 <li><a href="http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/tags/vitenskap">vitenskap (4)</a></li>
1222
1223 <li><a href="http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/tags/web">web (26)</a></li>
1224
1225 </ul>
1226
1227
1228 </div>
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