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  14  <h1>
  15      <a href="http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/">Petter Reinholdtsen</a>
  16
  17  </h1>
  18
  19 </div>
  20
  21
  22     <h3>Entries from January 2013.</h3>
  23
  24     <div class="entry">
  25       <div class="title">
  26         <a href="http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/Thank_you_Thinkpad_X41__for_your_long_and_trustworthy_service.html">Thank you Thinkpad X41, for your long and trustworthy service</a>
  27       </div>
  28       <div class="date">
  29         19th January 2013
  30       </div>
  31       <div class="body">
  32         <p>This Christmas my trusty old laptop died.  It died quietly and
  33 suddenly in bed.  With a quiet whimper, it went completely quiet and
  34 black.  The power button was no longer able to turn it on.  It was a
  35 IBM Thinkpad X41, and the best laptop I ever had.  Better than both
  36 Thinkpads X30, X31, X40, X60, X61 and X61S.  Far better than the
  37 Compaq I had before that.  Now I need to find a replacement.  To keep
  38 going during Christmas, I moved the one year old SSD disk to my old
  39 X40 where it fitted (only one I had left that could use it), but it is
  40 not a durable solution.
  41
  42 <p>My laptop needs are fairly modest.  This is my wishlist from when I
  43 got a new one more than 10 years ago.  It still holds true.:)</p>
  44
  45 <ul>
  46
  47 <li>Lightweight (around 1 kg) and small volume (preferably smaller
  48   than A4).</li>
  49 <li>Robust, it will be in my backpack every day.</li>
  50 <li>Three button mouse and a mouse pin instead of touch pad.</li>
  51 <li>Long battery life time.  Preferable a week.</li>
  52 <li>Internal WIFI network card.</li>
  53 <li>Internal Twisted Pair network card.</li>
  54 <li>Some USB slots (2-3 is plenty)</li>
  55 <li>Good keyboard - similar to the Thinkpad.</li>
  56 <li>Video resolution at least 1024x768, with size around 12" (A4 paper
  57 size).</li>
  58 <li>Hardware supported by Debian Stable, ie the default kernel and
  59   X.org packages.</li>
  60 <li>Quiet, preferably fan free (or at least not using the fan most of
  61   the time).
  62
  63 </ul>
  64
  65 <p>You will notice that there are no RAM and CPU requirements in the
  66 list.  The reason is simply that the specifications on laptops the
  67 last 10-15 years have been sufficient for my needs, and I have to look
  68 at other features to choose my laptop.  But are there still made as
  69 robust laptops as my X41?  The Thinkpad X60/X61 proved to be less
  70 robust, and Thinkpads seem to be heading in the wrong direction since
  71 Lenovo took over.  But I've been told that X220 and X1 Carbon might
  72 still be useful.</p>
  73
  74 <p>Perhaps I should rethink my needs, and look for a pad with an
  75 external keyboard?  I'll have to check the
  76 <a href="http://www.linux-laptop.net/">Linux Laptops site</a> for
  77 well-supported laptops, or perhaps just buy one preinstalled from one
  78 of the vendors listed on the <a href="http://linuxpreloaded.com/">Linux
  79 Pre-loaded site</a>.</p>
  80
  81       </div>
  82       <div class="tags">
  83
  84
  85         Tags: <a href="http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/tags/debian">debian</a>, <a href="http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/tags/english">english</a>.
  86
  87
  88       </div>
  89     </div>
  90     <div class="padding"></div>
  91
  92     <div class="entry">
  93       <div class="title">
  94         <a href="http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/How_to_find_a_browser_plugin_supporting_a_given_MIME_type.html">How to find a browser plugin supporting a given MIME type</a>
  95       </div>
  96       <div class="date">
  97         18th January 2013
  98       </div>
  99       <div class="body">
 100         <p>Some times I try to figure out which Iceweasel browser plugin to
 101 install to get support for a given MIME type.  Thanks to
 102 <a href="https://wiki.ubuntu.com/MozillaTeam/Plugins">specifications
 103 done by Ubuntu</a> and Mozilla, it is possible to do this in Debian.
 104 Unfortunately, not very many packages provide the needed meta
 105 information, Anyway, here is a small script to look up all browser
 106 plugin packages announcing ther MIME support using this specification:</p>
 107
 108 <pre>
 109 #!/usr/bin/python
 110 import sys
 111 import apt
 112 def pkgs_handling_mimetype(mimetype):
 113     cache = apt.Cache()
 114     cache.open(None)
 115     thepkgs = []
 116     for pkg in cache:
 117         version = pkg.candidate
 118         if version is None:
 119             version = pkg.installed
 120         if version is None:
 121             continue
 122         record = version.record
 123         if not record.has_key('Npp-MimeType'):
 124             continue
 125         mime_types = record['Npp-MimeType'].split(',')
 126         for t in mime_types:
 127             t = t.rstrip().strip()
 128             if t == mimetype:
 129                 thepkgs.append(pkg.name)
 130     return thepkgs
 131 mimetype = "audio/ogg"
 132 if 1 < len(sys.argv):
 133     mimetype = sys.argv[1]
 134 print "Browser plugin packages supporting %s:" % mimetype
 135 for pkg in pkgs_handling_mimetype(mimetype):
 136     print "  %s" %pkg
 137 </pre>
 138
 139 <p>It can be used like this to look up a given MIME type:</p>
 140
 141 <pre>
 142 % ./apt-find-browserplug-for-mimetype
 143 Browser plugin packages supporting audio/ogg:
 144   gecko-mediaplayer
 145 % ./apt-find-browserplug-for-mimetype application/x-shockwave-flash
 146 Browser plugin packages supporting application/x-shockwave-flash:
 147   browser-plugin-gnash
 148 %
 149 </pre>
 150
 151 <p>In Ubuntu this mechanism is combined with support in the browser
 152 itself to query for plugins and propose to install the needed
 153 packages.  It would be great if Debian supported such feature too.  Is
 154 anyone working on adding it?</p>
 155
 156 <p><strong>Update 2013-01-18 14:20</strong>: The Debian BTS
 157 request for icweasel support for this feature is
 158 <a href="http://bugs.debian.org/484010">#484010</a> from 2008 (and
 159 <a href="http://bugs.debian.org/698426">#698426</a> from today).  Lack
 160 of manpower and wish for a different design is the reason thus feature
 161 is not yet in iceweasel from Debian.</p>
 162
 163       </div>
 164       <div class="tags">
 165
 166
 167         Tags: <a href="http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/tags/debian">debian</a>, <a href="http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/tags/english">english</a>.
 168
 169
 170       </div>
 171     </div>
 172     <div class="padding"></div>
 173
 174     <div class="entry">
 175       <div class="title">
 176         <a href="http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/What_is_the_most_supported_MIME_type_in_Debian_.html">What is the most supported MIME type in Debian?</a>
 177       </div>
 178       <div class="date">
 179         16th January 2013
 180       </div>
 181       <div class="body">
 182         <p>The <a href="http://wiki.debian.org/AppStreamDebianProposal">DEP-11
 183 proposal to add AppStream information to the Debian archive</a>, is a
 184 proposal to make it possible for a Desktop application to propose to
 185 the user some package to install to gain support for a given MIME
 186 type, font, library etc. that is currently missing.  With such
 187 mechanism in place, it would be possible for the desktop to
 188 automatically propose and install leocad if some LDraw file is
 189 downloaded by the browser.</p>
 190
 191 <p>To get some idea about the current content of the archive, I decided
 192 to write a simple program to extract all .desktop files from the
 193 Debian archive and look up the claimed MIME support there.  The result
 194 can be found on the
 195 <a href="http://ftp.skolelinux.org/pub/AppStreamTest">Skolelinux FTP
 196 site</a>.  Using the collected information, it become possible to
 197 answer the question in the title.  Here are the 20 most supported MIME
 198 types in Debian stable (Squeeze), testing (Wheezy) and unstable (Sid).
 199 The complete list is available from the link above.</p>
 200
 201 <p><strong>Debian Stable:</strong></p>
 202
 203 <pre>
 204   count MIME type
 205   ----- -----------------------
 206      32 text/plain
 207      30 audio/mpeg
 208      29 image/png
 209      28 image/jpeg
 210      27 application/ogg
 211      26 audio/x-mp3
 212      25 image/tiff
 213      25 image/gif
 214      22 image/bmp
 215      22 audio/x-wav
 216      20 audio/x-flac
 217      19 audio/x-mpegurl
 218      18 video/x-ms-asf
 219      18 audio/x-musepack
 220      18 audio/x-mpeg
 221      18 application/x-ogg
 222      17 video/mpeg
 223      17 audio/x-scpls
 224      17 audio/ogg
 225      16 video/x-ms-wmv
 226 </pre>
 227
 228 <p><strong>Debian Testing:</strong></p>
 229
 230 <pre>
 231   count MIME type
 232   ----- -----------------------
 233      33 text/plain
 234      32 image/png
 235      32 image/jpeg
 236      29 audio/mpeg
 237      27 image/gif
 238      26 image/tiff
 239      26 application/ogg
 240      25 audio/x-mp3
 241      22 image/bmp
 242      21 audio/x-wav
 243      19 audio/x-mpegurl
 244      19 audio/x-mpeg
 245      18 video/mpeg
 246      18 audio/x-scpls
 247      18 audio/x-flac
 248      18 application/x-ogg
 249      17 video/x-ms-asf
 250      17 text/html
 251      17 audio/x-musepack
 252      16 image/x-xbitmap
 253 </pre>
 254
 255 <p><strong>Debian Unstable:</strong></p>
 256
 257 <pre>
 258   count MIME type
 259   ----- -----------------------
 260      31 text/plain
 261      31 image/png
 262      31 image/jpeg
 263      29 audio/mpeg
 264      28 application/ogg
 265      27 image/gif
 266      26 image/tiff
 267      26 audio/x-mp3
 268      23 audio/x-wav
 269      22 image/bmp
 270      21 audio/x-flac
 271      20 audio/x-mpegurl
 272      19 audio/x-mpeg
 273      18 video/x-ms-asf
 274      18 video/mpeg
 275      18 audio/x-scpls
 276      18 application/x-ogg
 277      17 audio/x-musepack
 278      16 video/x-ms-wmv
 279      16 video/x-msvideo
 280 </pre>
 281
 282 <p>I am told that PackageKit can provide an API to access the kind of
 283 information mentioned in DEP-11.  I have not yet had time to look at
 284 it, but hope the PackageKit people in Debian are on top of these
 285 issues.</p>
 286
 287 <p><strong>Update 2013-01-16 13:35</strong>: Updated numbers after
 288 discovering a typo in my script.</p>
 289
 290       </div>
 291       <div class="tags">
 292
 293
 294         Tags: <a href="http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/tags/debian">debian</a>, <a href="http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/tags/english">english</a>.
 295
 296
 297       </div>
 298     </div>
 299     <div class="padding"></div>
 300
 301     <div class="entry">
 302       <div class="title">
 303         <a href="http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/Using_modalias_info_to_find_packages_handling_my_hardware.html">Using modalias info to find packages handling my hardware</a>
 304       </div>
 305       <div class="date">
 306         15th January 2013
 307       </div>
 308       <div class="body">
 309         <p>Yesterday, I wrote about the
 310 <a href="http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/Modalias_strings___a_practical_way_to_map__stuff__to_hardware.html">modalias
 311 values provided by the Linux kernel</a> following my hope for
 312 <a href="http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/Lets_make_hardware_dongles_easier_to_use_in_Debian.html">better
 313 dongle support in Debian</a>.  Using this knowledge, I have tested how
 314 modalias values attached to package names can be used to map packages
 315 to hardware.  This allow the system to look up and suggest relevant
 316 packages when I plug in some new hardware into my machine, and replace
 317 discover and discover-data as the database used to map hardware to
 318 packages.</p>
 319
 320 <p>I create a modaliases file with entries like the following,
 321 containing package name, kernel module name (if relevant, otherwise
 322 the package name) and globs matching the relevant hardware
 323 modalias.</p>
 324
 325 <p><blockquote>
 326 Package: package-name
 327 <br>Modaliases: module(modaliasglob, modaliasglob, modaliasglob)</p>
 328 </blockquote></p>
 329
 330 <p>It is fairly trivial to write code to find the relevant packages
 331 for a given modalias value using this file.</p>
 332
 333 <p>An entry like this would suggest the video and picture application
 334 cheese for many USB web cameras (interface bus class 0E01):</p>
 335
 336 <p><blockquote>
 337 Package: cheese
 338 <br>Modaliases: cheese(usb:v*p*d*dc*dsc*dp*ic0Eisc01ip*)</p>
 339 </blockquote></p>
 340
 341 <p>An entry like this would suggest the pcmciautils package when a
 342 CardBus bridge (bus class 0607) PCI device is present:</p>
 343
 344 <p><blockquote>
 345 Package: pcmciautils
 346 <br>Modaliases: pcmciautils(pci:v*d*sv*sd*bc06sc07i*)
 347 </blockquote></p>
 348
 349 <p>An entry like this would suggest the package colorhug-client when
 350 plugging in a ColorHug with USB IDs 04D8:F8DA:</p>
 351
 352 <p><blockquote>
 353 Package: colorhug-client
 354 <br>Modaliases: colorhug-client(usb:v04D8pF8DAd*)</p>
 355 </blockquote></p>
 356
 357 <p>I believe the format is compatible with the format of the Packages
 358 file in the Debian archive.  Ubuntu already uses their Packages file
 359 to store their mappings from packages to hardware.</p>
 360
 361 <p>By adding a XB-Modaliases: header in debian/control, any .deb can
 362 announce the hardware it support in a way my prototype understand.
 363 This allow those publishing packages in an APT source outside the
 364 Debian archive as well as those backporting packages to make sure the
 365 hardware mapping are included in the package meta information.  I've
 366 tested such header in the pymissile package, and its modalias mapping
 367 is working as it should with my prototype.  It even made it to Ubuntu
 368 Raring.</p>
 369
 370 <p>To test if it was possible to look up supported hardware using only
 371 the shell tools available in the Debian installer, I wrote a shell
 372 implementation of the lookup code.  The idea is to create files for
 373 each modalias and let the shell do the matching.  Please check out and
 374 try the
 375 <a href="http://anonscm.debian.org/viewvc/debian-edu/trunk/src/hw-support-handler/hw-support-lookup?view=co">hw-support-lookup</a>
 376 shell script.  It run without any extra dependencies and fetch the
 377 hardware mappings from the Debian archive and the subversion
 378 repository where I currently work on my prototype.</p>
 379
 380 <p>When I use it on a machine with a yubikey inserted, it suggest to
 381 install yubikey-personalization:</p>
 382
 383 <p><blockquote>
 384 % ./hw-support-lookup
 385 <br>yubikey-personalization
 386 <br>%
 387 </blockquote></p>
 388
 389 <p>When I run it on my Thinkpad X40 with a PCMCIA/CardBus slot, it
 390 propose to install the pcmciautils package:</p>
 391
 392 <p><blockquote>
 393 % ./hw-support-lookup
 394 <br>pcmciautils
 395 <br>%
 396 </blockquote></p>
 397
 398 <p>If you know of any hardware-package mapping that should be added to
 399 <a href="http://anonscm.debian.org/viewvc/debian-edu/trunk/src/hw-support-handler/modaliases?view=co">my
 400 database</a>, please tell me about it.</p>
 401
 402 <p>It could be possible to generate several of the mappings between
 403 packages and hardware.  One source would be to look at packages with
 404 kernel modules, ie packages with *.ko files in /lib/modules/, and
 405 extract their modalias information.  Another would be to look at
 406 packages with udev rules, ie packages with files in
 407 /lib/udev/rules.d/, and extract their vendor/model information to
 408 generate a modalias matching rule.  I have not tested any of these to
 409 see if it work.</p>
 410
 411 <p>If you want to help implementing a system to let us propose what
 412 packages to install when new hardware is plugged into a Debian
 413 machine, please send me an email or talk to me on
 414 <a href="irc://irc.debian.org/%23debian-devel">#debian-devel</a>.</p>
 415
 416       </div>
 417       <div class="tags">
 418
 419
 420         Tags: <a href="http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/tags/debian">debian</a>, <a href="http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/tags/english">english</a>.
 421
 422
 423       </div>
 424     </div>
 425     <div class="padding"></div>
 426
 427     <div class="entry">
 428       <div class="title">
 429         <a href="http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/Modalias_strings___a_practical_way_to_map__stuff__to_hardware.html">Modalias strings - a practical way to map "stuff" to hardware</a>
 430       </div>
 431       <div class="date">
 432         14th January 2013
 433       </div>
 434       <div class="body">
 435         <p>While looking into how to look up Debian packages based on hardware
 436 information, to find the packages that support a given piece of
 437 hardware, I refreshed my memory regarding modalias values, and decided
 438 to document the details.  Here are my findings so far, also available
 439 in
 440 <a href="http://anonscm.debian.org/viewvc/debian-edu/trunk/src/hw-support-handler/">the
 441 Debian Edu subversion repository</a>:
 442
 443 <p><strong>Modalias decoded</strong></p>
 444
 445 <p>This document try to explain what the different types of modalias
 446 values stands for.  It is in part based on information from
 447 &lt;URL: <a href="https://wiki.archlinux.org/index.php/Modalias">https://wiki.archlinux.org/index.php/Modalias</a> &gt;,
 448 &lt;URL: <a href="http://unix.stackexchange.com/questions/26132/how-to-assign-usb-driver-to-device">http://unix.stackexchange.com/questions/26132/how-to-assign-usb-driver-to-device</a> &gt;,
 449 &lt;URL: <a href="http://code.metager.de/source/history/linux/stable/scripts/mod/file2alias.c">http://code.metager.de/source/history/linux/stable/scripts/mod/file2alias.c</a> &gt; and
 450 &lt;URL: <a href="http://cvs.savannah.gnu.org/viewvc/dmidecode/dmidecode.c?root=dmidecode&view=markup">http://cvs.savannah.gnu.org/viewvc/dmidecode/dmidecode.c?root=dmidecode&view=markup</a> &gt;.
 451
 452 <p>The modalias entries for a given Linux machine can be found using
 453 this shell script:</p>
 454
 455 <pre>
 456 find /sys -name modalias -print0 | xargs -0 cat | sort -u
 457 </pre>
 458
 459 <p>The supported modalias globs for a given kernel module can be found
 460 using modinfo:</p>
 461
 462 <pre>
 463 % /sbin/modinfo psmouse | grep alias:
 464 alias:          serio:ty05pr*id*ex*
 465 alias:          serio:ty01pr*id*ex*
 466 %
 467 </pre>
 468
 469 <p><strong>PCI subtype</strong></p>
 470
 471 <p>A typical PCI entry can look like this.  This is an Intel Host
 472 Bridge memory controller:</p>
 473
 474 <p><blockquote>
 475 pci:v00008086d00002770sv00001028sd000001ADbc06sc00i00
 476 </blockquote></p>
 477
 478 <p>This represent these values:</p>
 479
 480 <pre>
 481  v   00008086  (vendor)
 482  d   00002770  (device)
 483  sv  00001028  (subvendor)
 484  sd  000001AD  (subdevice)
 485  bc  06        (bus class)
 486  sc  00        (bus subclass)
 487  i   00        (interface)
 488 </pre>
 489
 490 <p>The vendor/device values are the same values outputted from 'lspci
 491 -n' as 8086:2770.  The bus class/subclass is also shown by lspci as
 492 0600.  The 0600 class is a host bridge.  Other useful bus values are
 493 0300 (VGA compatible card) and 0200 (Ethernet controller).</p>
 494
 495 <p>Not sure how to figure out the interface value, nor what it
 496 means.</p>
 497
 498 <p><strong>USB subtype</strong></p>
 499
 500 <p>Some typical USB entries can look like this.  This is an internal
 501 USB hub in a laptop:</p>
 502
 503 <p><blockquote>
 504 usb:v1D6Bp0001d0206dc09dsc00dp00ic09isc00ip00
 505 </blockquote></p>
 506
 507 <p>Here is the values included in this alias:</p>
 508
 509 <pre>
 510  v    1D6B  (device vendor)
 511  p    0001  (device product)
 512  d    0206  (bcddevice)
 513  dc     09  (device class)
 514  dsc    00  (device subclass)
 515  dp     00  (device protocol)
 516  ic     09  (interface class)
 517  isc    00  (interface subclass)
 518  ip     00  (interface protocol)
 519 </pre>
 520
 521 <p>The 0900 device class/subclass means hub.  Some times the relevant
 522 class is in the interface class section.  For a simple USB web camera,
 523 these alias entries show up:</p>
 524
 525 <p><blockquote>
 526 usb:v0AC8p3420d5000dcEFdsc02dp01ic01isc01ip00
 527 <br>usb:v0AC8p3420d5000dcEFdsc02dp01ic01isc02ip00
 528 <br>usb:v0AC8p3420d5000dcEFdsc02dp01ic0Eisc01ip00
 529 <br>usb:v0AC8p3420d5000dcEFdsc02dp01ic0Eisc02ip00
 530 </blockquote></p>
 531
 532 <p>Interface class 0E01 is video control, 0E02 is video streaming (aka
 533 camera), 0101 is audio control device and 0102 is audio streaming (aka
 534 microphone).  Thus this is a camera with microphone included.</p>
 535
 536 <p><strong>ACPI subtype</strong></p>
 537
 538 <p>The ACPI type is used for several non-PCI/USB stuff.  This is an IR
 539 receiver in a Thinkpad X40:</p>
 540
 541 <p><blockquote>
 542 acpi:IBM0071:PNP0511:
 543 </blockquote></p>
 544
 545 <p>The values between the colons are IDs.</p>
 546
 547 <p><strong>DMI subtype</strong></p>
 548
 549 <p>The DMI table contain lots of information about the computer case
 550 and model.  This is an entry for a IBM Thinkpad X40, fetched from
 551 /sys/devices/virtual/dmi/id/modalias:</p>
 552
 553 <p><blockquote>
 554 dmi:bvnIBM:bvr1UETB6WW(1.66):bd06/15/2005:svnIBM:pn2371H4G:pvrThinkPadX40:rvnIBM:rn2371H4G:rvrNotAvailable:cvnIBM:ct10:cvrNotAvailable:
 555 </blockquote></p>
 556
 557 <p>The values present are</p>
 558
 559 <pre>
 560  bvn  IBM            (BIOS vendor)
 561  bvr  1UETB6WW(1.66) (BIOS version)
 562  bd   06/15/2005     (BIOS date)
 563  svn  IBM            (system vendor)
 564  pn   2371H4G        (product name)
 565  pvr  ThinkPadX40    (product version)
 566  rvn  IBM            (board vendor)
 567  rn   2371H4G        (board name)
 568  rvr  NotAvailable   (board version)
 569  cvn  IBM            (chassis vendor)
 570  ct   10             (chassis type)
 571  cvr  NotAvailable   (chassis version)
 572 </pre>
 573
 574 <p>The chassis type 10 is Notebook.  Other interesting values can be
 575 found in the dmidecode source:</p>
 576
 577 <pre>
 578   3 Desktop
 579   4 Low Profile Desktop
 580   5 Pizza Box
 581   6 Mini Tower
 582   7 Tower
 583   8 Portable
 584   9 Laptop
 585  10 Notebook
 586  11 Hand Held
 587  12 Docking Station
 588  13 All In One
 589  14 Sub Notebook
 590  15 Space-saving
 591  16 Lunch Box
 592  17 Main Server Chassis
 593  18 Expansion Chassis
 594  19 Sub Chassis
 595  20 Bus Expansion Chassis
 596  21 Peripheral Chassis
 597  22 RAID Chassis
 598  23 Rack Mount Chassis
 599  24 Sealed-case PC
 600  25 Multi-system
 601  26 CompactPCI
 602  27 AdvancedTCA
 603  28 Blade
 604  29 Blade Enclosing
 605 </pre>
 606
 607 <p>The chassis type values are not always accurately set in the DMI
 608 table.  For example my home server is a tower, but the DMI modalias
 609 claim it is a desktop.</p>
 610
 611 <p><strong>SerIO subtype</strong></p>
 612
 613 <p>This type is used for PS/2 mouse plugs.  One example is from my
 614 test machine:</p>
 615
 616 <p><blockquote>
 617 serio:ty01pr00id00ex00
 618 </blockquote></p>
 619
 620 <p>The values present are</p>
 621
 622 <pre>
 623   ty  01  (type)
 624   pr  00  (prototype)
 625   id  00  (id)
 626   ex  00  (extra)
 627 </pre>
 628
 629 <p>This type is supported by the psmouse driver.  I am not sure what
 630 the valid values are.</p>
 631
 632 <p><strong>Other subtypes</strong></p>
 633
 634 <p>There are heaps of other modalias subtypes according to
 635 file2alias.c.  There is the rest of the list from that source: amba,
 636 ap, bcma, ccw, css, eisa, hid, i2c, ieee1394, input, ipack, isapnp,
 637 mdio, of, parisc, pcmcia, platform, scsi, sdio, spi, ssb, vio, virtio,
 638 vmbus, x86cpu and zorro.  I did not spend time documenting all of
 639 these, as they do not seem relevant for my intended use with mapping
 640 hardware to packages when new stuff is inserted during run time.</p>
 641
 642 <p><strong>Looking up kernel modules using modalias values</strong></p>
 643
 644 <p>To check which kernel modules provide support for a given modalias,
 645 one can use the following shell script:</p>
 646
 647 <pre>
 648   for id in $(find /sys -name modalias -print0 | xargs -0 cat | sort -u); do \
 649     echo "$id" ; \
 650     /sbin/modprobe --show-depends "$id"|sed 's/^/  /' ; \
 651   done
 652 </pre>
 653
 654 <p>The output can look like this (only the first few entries as the
 655 list is very long on my test machine):</p>
 656
 657 <pre>
 658   acpi:ACPI0003:
 659     insmod /lib/modules/2.6.32-5-686/kernel/drivers/acpi/ac.ko
 660   acpi:device:
 661   FATAL: Module acpi:device: not found.
 662   acpi:IBM0068:
 663     insmod /lib/modules/2.6.32-5-686/kernel/drivers/char/nvram.ko
 664     insmod /lib/modules/2.6.32-5-686/kernel/drivers/leds/led-class.ko
 665     insmod /lib/modules/2.6.32-5-686/kernel/net/rfkill/rfkill.ko
 666     insmod /lib/modules/2.6.32-5-686/kernel/drivers/platform/x86/thinkpad_acpi.ko
 667   acpi:IBM0071:PNP0511:
 668     insmod /lib/modules/2.6.32-5-686/kernel/lib/crc-ccitt.ko
 669     insmod /lib/modules/2.6.32-5-686/kernel/net/irda/irda.ko
 670     insmod /lib/modules/2.6.32-5-686/kernel/drivers/net/irda/nsc-ircc.ko
 671   [...]
 672 </pre>
 673
 674 <p>If you want to help implementing a system to let us propose what
 675 packages to install when new hardware is plugged into a Debian
 676 machine, please send me an email or talk to me on
 677 <a href="irc://irc.debian.org/%23debian-devel">#debian-devel</a>.</p>
 678
 679 <p><strong>Update 2013-01-15:</strong> Rewrite "cat $(find ...)" to
 680 "find ... -print0 | xargs -0 cat" to make sure it handle directories
 681 in /sys/ with space in them.</p>
 682
 683       </div>
 684       <div class="tags">
 685
 686
 687         Tags: <a href="http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/tags/debian">debian</a>, <a href="http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/tags/english">english</a>.
 688
 689
 690       </div>
 691     </div>
 692     <div class="padding"></div>
 693
 694     <div class="entry">
 695       <div class="title">
 696         <a href="http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/Moved_the_pymissile_Debian_packaging_to_collab_maint.html">Moved the pymissile Debian packaging to collab-maint</a>
 697       </div>
 698       <div class="date">
 699         10th January 2013
 700       </div>
 701       <div class="body">
 702         <p>As part of my investigation on how to improve the support in Debian
 703 for hardware dongles, I dug up my old Mark and Spencer USB Rocket
 704 Launcher and updated the Debian package
 705 <a href="http://packages.qa.debian.org/pymissile">pymissile</a> to make
 706 sure udev will fix the device permissions when it is plugged in.  I
 707 also added a "Modaliases" header to test it in the Debian archive and
 708 hopefully make the package be proposed by jockey in Ubuntu when a user
 709 plug in his rocket launcher.  In the process I moved the source to a
 710 git repository under collab-maint, to make it easier for any DD to
 711 contribute.  <a href="http://code.google.com/p/pymissile/">Upstream</a>
 712 is not very active, but the software still work for me even after five
 713 years of relative silence.  The new git repository is not listed in
 714 the uploaded package yet, because I want to test the other changes a
 715 bit more before I upload the new version.  If you want to check out
 716 the new version with a .desktop file included, visit the
 717 <a href="http://anonscm.debian.org/gitweb/?p=collab-maint/pymissile.git">gitweb
 718 view</a> or use "<tt>git clone
 719 git://anonscm.debian.org/collab-maint/pymissile.git</tt>".</p>
 720
 721       </div>
 722       <div class="tags">
 723
 724
 725         Tags: <a href="http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/tags/debian">debian</a>, <a href="http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/tags/english">english</a>, <a href="http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/tags/robot">robot</a>.
 726
 727
 728       </div>
 729     </div>
 730     <div class="padding"></div>
 731
 732     <div class="entry">
 733       <div class="title">
 734         <a href="http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/Lets_make_hardware_dongles_easier_to_use_in_Debian.html">Lets make hardware dongles easier to use in Debian</a>
 735       </div>
 736       <div class="date">
 737          9th January 2013
 738       </div>
 739       <div class="body">
 740         <p>One thing that annoys me with Debian and Linux distributions in
 741 general, is that there is a great package management system with the
 742 ability to automatically install software packages by downloading them
 743 from the distribution mirrors, but no way to get it to automatically
 744 install the packages I need to use the hardware I plug into my
 745 machine.  Even if the package to use it is easily available from the
 746 Linux distribution.  When I plug in a LEGO Mindstorms NXT, it could
 747 suggest to automatically install the python-nxt, nbc and t2n packages
 748 I need to talk to it.  When I plug in a Yubikey, it could propose the
 749 yubikey-personalization package.  The information required to do this
 750 is available, but no-one have pulled all the pieces together.</p>
 751
 752 <p>Some years ago, I proposed to
 753 <a href="http://lists.debian.org/debian-devel/2010/05/msg01206.html">use
 754 the discover subsystem to implement this</a>.  The idea is fairly
 755 simple:
 756
 757 <ul>
 758
 759 <li>Add a desktop entry in /usr/share/autostart/ pointing to a program
 760   starting when a user log in.</li>
 761
 762 <li>Set this program up to listen for kernel events emitted when new
 763   hardware is inserted into the computer.</li>
 764
 765 <li>When new hardware is inserted, look up the hardware ID in a
 766   database mapping to packages, and take note of any non-installed
 767   packages.</li>
 768
 769 <li>Show a message to the user proposing to install the discovered
 770   package, and make it easy to install it.</li>
 771
 772 </ul>
 773
 774 <p>I am not sure what the best way to implement this is, but my
 775 initial idea was to use dbus events to discover new hardware, the
 776 discover database to find packages and
 777 <a href="http://www.packagekit.org/">PackageKit</a> to install
 778 packages.</p>
 779
 780 <p>Yesterday, I found time to try to implement this idea, and the
 781 draft package is now checked into
 782 <a href="http://anonscm.debian.org/viewvc/debian-edu/trunk/src/hw-support-handler/">the
 783 Debian Edu subversion repository</a>.  In the process, I updated the
 784 <a href="http://packages.qa.debian.org/d/discover-data.html">discover-data</a>
 785 package to map the USB ids of LEGO Mindstorms and Yubikey devices to
 786 the relevant packages in Debian, and uploaded a new version
 787 2.2013.01.09 to unstable.  I also discovered that the current
 788 <a href="http://packages.qa.debian.org/d/discover.html">discover</a>
 789 package in Debian no longer discovered any USB devices, because
 790 /proc/bus/usb/devices is no longer present.  I ported it to use
 791 libusb as a fall back option to get it working.  The fixed package
 792 version 2.1.2-6 is now in experimental (didn't upload it to unstable
 793 because of the freeze).</p>
 794
 795 <p>With this prototype in place, I can insert my Yubikey, and get this
 796 desktop notification to show up (only once, the first time it is
 797 inserted):</p>
 798
 799 <p align="center"><img src="http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/images/2013-01-09-hw-autoinstall.png"></p>
 800
 801 <p>For this prototype to be really useful, some way to automatically
 802 install the proposed packages by pressing the "Please install
 803 program(s)" button should to be implemented.</p>
 804
 805 <p>If this idea seem useful to you, and you want to help make it
 806 happen, please help me update the discover-data database with mappings
 807 from hardware to Debian packages.  Check if 'discover-pkginstall -l'
 808 list the package you would like to have installed when a given
 809 hardware device is inserted into your computer, and report bugs using
 810 reportbug if it isn't.  Or, if you know of a better way to provide
 811 such mapping, please let me know.</p>
 812
 813 <p>This prototype need more work, and there are several questions that
 814 should be considered before it is ready for production use.  Is dbus
 815 the correct way to detect new hardware?  At the moment I look for HAL
 816 dbus events on the system bus, because that is the events I could see
 817 on my Debian Squeeze KDE desktop.  Are there better events to use?
 818 How should the user be notified?  Is the desktop notification
 819 mechanism the best option, or should the background daemon raise a
 820 popup instead?  How should packages be installed?  When should they
 821 not be installed?</p>
 822
 823 <p>If you want to help getting such feature implemented in Debian,
 824 please send me an email. :)</p>
 825
 826       </div>
 827       <div class="tags">
 828
 829
 830         Tags: <a href="http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/tags/debian">debian</a>, <a href="http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/tags/english">english</a>.
 831
 832
 833       </div>
 834     </div>
 835     <div class="padding"></div>
 836
 837     <div class="entry">
 838       <div class="title">
 839         <a href="http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/New_IRC_channel_for_LEGO_designers_using_Debian.html">New IRC channel for LEGO designers using Debian</a>
 840       </div>
 841       <div class="date">
 842          2nd January 2013
 843       </div>
 844       <div class="body">
 845         <p>During Christmas, I have worked a bit on the Debian support for
 846 <a href="http://mindstorms.lego.com/en-us/Default.aspx">LEGO Mindstorm
 847 NXT</a>.  My son and I have played a bit with my NXT set, and I
 848 discovered I had to build all the tools myself because none were
 849 already in Debian Squeeze.  If Debian support for LEGO is something
 850 you care about, please join me on the IRC channel
 851 <a href="irc://irc.debian.org/%23debian-lego">#debian-lego</a> (server
 852 irc.debian.org).  There is a lot that could be done to improve the
 853 Debian support for LEGO designers.  For example both CAD software
 854 and Mindstorm compilers are missing. :)</p>
 855
 856 <p>Update 2012-01-03: A
 857 <a href="http://wiki.debian.org/LegoDesigners">project page</a>
 858 including links to Lego related packages is now available.</p>
 859
 860       </div>
 861       <div class="tags">
 862
 863
 864         Tags: <a href="http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/tags/debian">debian</a>, <a href="http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/tags/english">english</a>, <a href="http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/tags/robot">robot</a>.
 865
 866
 867       </div>
 868     </div>
 869     <div class="padding"></div>
 870
 871     <div class="entry">
 872       <div class="title">
 873         <a href="http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/Lenker_for_2013_01_01.html">Lenker for 2013-01-01</a>
 874       </div>
 875       <div class="date">
 876          1st January 2013
 877       </div>
 878       <div class="body">
 879         <p>Her er noen lenker til tekster jeg har satt pris på å lese den
 880 siste måneden.</p>
 881
 882 <ul>
 883
 884 <li>2012-12-07
 885   <a href="http://www.idg.no/computerworld/article262047.ece">Myter og
 886   FUD om fri programvare</a> av min venn Christer Gundersen som
 887   kommenterer noen av de påstandene som er spredt via Computerworld
 888   Norge de siste månedene.</li>
 889
 890 <li>BankID er et opplegg der utsteder (dvs. banken eller dens
 891   leverandør) sitter på alt som trengs for å bruke BankID, men har
 892   lovet å ikke bruke den unntatt på oppdrag fra deg.  Det er greit nok
 893   for banktjenester, der banken allerede har full kontroll over
 894   resultatet, men problematisk når det gjelder tilgang til
 895   helseopplysninger og avtaleinngåelse med andre enn banken.  Jeg
 896   håper protestene brer om seg.
 897
 898   <ul>
 899
 900   <li>2012-12-11 <a href="http://www.aftenposten.no/meninger/debatt/BankID-blottlegger-helseopplysninger-7067148.html">BankID
 901     blottlegger helseopplysninger</a></li>
 902
 903   <li>2012-12-07 <a href="http://www.nrk.no/nyheter/norge/1.9695027">-
 904     Helseopplysningene ikke sikre med Bank-ID</a></li>
 905
 906   <li>2012-12-07
 907     <a href="https://www.bankid.no/Presse-og-nyheter/Nyhetsarkiv/2012/Papeker-alvorlige-men-kjente-utfordringer/">Påpeker
 908     alvorlige, men kjente utfordringer</a> er den offisielle
 909     holdningen til de som lager BankID.</li>
 910
 911   <li>2012-12-08
 912     <a href="http://www.tnp.no/norway/panorama/3419-ntnu-researcher-warns-against-security-of-bank-id-password">NTNU
 913       Researcher Warns against Security of Bank ID Password</a>
 914
 915   </ul>
 916
 917 <li>2012-12-11 <a href="http://www.aftenposten.no/nyheter/iriks/Norske-elever-er-darligst-i-Europa-pa-algebra-7066752.html">Norske elever er dårligst i Europa på algebra</a>
 918
 919 <li>2012-12-11
 920   <a href="http://www.aftenposten.no/meninger/debatt/Realfagsdodaren-7067173.html">Realfagsdødaren</a>
 921
 922 <li>2012-12-21
 923   <a href="http://www.bt.no/nyheter/innenriks/112/--Forventningene-er-for-hoye-2816450.html">-
 924   Noen må bli skuffet</a> - Politiet i Bergen forteller hvor lavt de
 925   prioriterer hverdagskriminalitet.</li>
 926
 927 <li>2012-05-03
 928   <a href="http://e24.no/jobb/kripos-ansatt-doemt-for-snoking-for-venn/20208585">
 929   Kripos-ansatt dømt for snoking for venn</A> - viser hvor svak
 930   reaksjonen blir når politiet misbruker innsamlet informasjon.  En
 931   forvarsel på konsekvensene av nasjonal brev- og besøkskontroll -
 932   ofte kalt Datalagringsdirektivet.</li>
 933
 934 <li>2012-12-14
 935   <a href="http://www.dagbladet.no/2012/12/14/kultur/debatt/kronikk/jul/ensomhet/24838541/">Å
 936   smøre en forskjell</a> - om ensomhet og jul.</li>
 937
 938 <li>2012-12-18
 939   <a href="http://www.aftenposten.no/meninger/kronikker/n-krise-av-gangen_-takk-7072452.html">Én
 940   krise av gangen, takk!</a>
 941
 942
 943 <li>2012-12-17
 944   <a href="http://www.aftenposten.no/meninger/NAV-Et-mangehodet-monster--7072165.html">NAV:
 945   Et mangehodet monster</a></li>
 946
 947 <li>2011-01-12
 948   <a href="http://www.dagbladet.no/2011/01/12/kultur/debatt/kronikk/personvern/15027203/">Pasienter
 949   uten vern</a> - forteller litt om hvordan Norsk Pasientregister og
 950   andre helseregister raderer bort pasienters privatsfære.</li>
 951
 952
 953 <li>2012-12-19
 954   <a href="http://www.aftenposten.no/meninger/debatt/Hvorfor-er-barnefamilier-fattige-7073951.html">Hvorfor
 955   er barnefamilier fattige?</a></li>
 956
 957 <li>2012-12-25
 958   <a href="http://www.aftenposten.no/meninger/spaltister/Den-skjulte-minoriteten--konservative-kristne-i-Norge-7075518.html">Den
 959   skjulte minoriteten – konservative kristne i Norge</a> - kronikk av
 960   Bjørn Stærk fra aftenposten</li>
 961
 962 <li>2009-05-04
 963   <a href="http://deltemeninger.no/-/bulletin/show/303429_folkebiblioteket-2-0?ref=checkpoint">Folkebiblioteket
 964   2.0</a> - Min venn Sturle om opphavsrett og Internett, i debatt med
 965   Olav Torvund.</li>
 966
 967 </ul>
 968
 969 <p>Og et godt nytt år til dere alle!</p>
 970
 971       </div>
 972       <div class="tags">
 973
 974
 975         Tags: <a href="http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/tags/bankid">bankid</a>, <a href="http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/tags/lenker">lenker</a>, <a href="http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/tags/norsk">norsk</a>, <a href="http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/tags/opphavsrett">opphavsrett</a>, <a href="http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/tags/personvern">personvern</a>.
 976
 977
 978       </div>
 979     </div>
 980     <div class="padding"></div>
 981
 982     <p style="text-align: right;"><a href="01.rss"><img src="http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/xml.gif" alt="RSS Feed" width="36" height="14" /></a></p>
 983     <div id="sidebar">
 984
 985
 986
 987 <h2>Archive</h2>
 988 <ul>
 989
 990 <li>2013
 991 <ul>
 992
 993 <li><a href="http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/archive/2013/01/">January (9)</a></li>
 994
 995 </ul></li>
 996
 997 <li>2012
 998 <ul>
 999
1000 <li><a href="http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/archive/2012/01/">January (7)</a></li>
1001
1002 <li><a href="http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/archive/2012/02/">February (10)</a></li>
1003
1004 <li><a href="http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/archive/2012/03/">March (17)</a></li>
1005
1006 <li><a href="http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/archive/2012/04/">April (12)</a></li>
1007
1008 <li><a href="http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/archive/2012/05/">May (12)</a></li>
1009
1010 <li><a href="http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/archive/2012/06/">June (20)</a></li>
1011
1012 <li><a href="http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/archive/2012/07/">July (17)</a></li>
1013
1014 <li><a href="http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/archive/2012/08/">August (6)</a></li>
1015
1016 <li><a href="http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/archive/2012/09/">September (9)</a></li>
1017
1018 <li><a href="http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/archive/2012/10/">October (17)</a></li>
1019
1020 <li><a href="http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/archive/2012/11/">November (10)</a></li>
1021
1022 <li><a href="http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/archive/2012/12/">December (7)</a></li>
1023
1024 </ul></li>
1025
1026 <li>2011
1027 <ul>
1028
1029 <li><a href="http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/archive/2011/01/">January (16)</a></li>
1030
1031 <li><a href="http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/archive/2011/02/">February (6)</a></li>
1032
1033 <li><a href="http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/archive/2011/03/">March (6)</a></li>
1034
1035 <li><a href="http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/archive/2011/04/">April (7)</a></li>
1036
1037 <li><a href="http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/archive/2011/05/">May (3)</a></li>
1038
1039 <li><a href="http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/archive/2011/06/">June (2)</a></li>
1040
1041 <li><a href="http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/archive/2011/07/">July (7)</a></li>
1042
1043 <li><a href="http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/archive/2011/08/">August (6)</a></li>
1044
1045 <li><a href="http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/archive/2011/09/">September (4)</a></li>
1046
1047 <li><a href="http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/archive/2011/10/">October (2)</a></li>
1048
1049 <li><a href="http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/archive/2011/11/">November (3)</a></li>
1050
1051 <li><a href="http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/archive/2011/12/">December (1)</a></li>
1052
1053 </ul></li>
1054
1055 <li>2010
1056 <ul>
1057
1058 <li><a href="http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/archive/2010/01/">January (2)</a></li>
1059
1060 <li><a href="http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/archive/2010/02/">February (1)</a></li>
1061
1062 <li><a href="http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/archive/2010/03/">March (3)</a></li>
1063
1064 <li><a href="http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/archive/2010/04/">April (3)</a></li>
1065
1066 <li><a href="http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/archive/2010/05/">May (9)</a></li>
1067
1068 <li><a href="http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/archive/2010/06/">June (14)</a></li>
1069
1070 <li><a href="http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/archive/2010/07/">July (12)</a></li>
1071
1072 <li><a href="http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/archive/2010/08/">August (13)</a></li>
1073
1074 <li><a href="http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/archive/2010/09/">September (7)</a></li>
1075
1076 <li><a href="http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/archive/2010/10/">October (9)</a></li>
1077
1078 <li><a href="http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/archive/2010/11/">November (13)</a></li>
1079
1080 <li><a href="http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/archive/2010/12/">December (12)</a></li>
1081
1082 </ul></li>
1083
1084 <li>2009
1085 <ul>
1086
1087 <li><a href="http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/archive/2009/01/">January (8)</a></li>
1088
1089 <li><a href="http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/archive/2009/02/">February (8)</a></li>
1090
1091 <li><a href="http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/archive/2009/03/">March (12)</a></li>
1092
1093 <li><a href="http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/archive/2009/04/">April (10)</a></li>
1094
1095 <li><a href="http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/archive/2009/05/">May (9)</a></li>
1096
1097 <li><a href="http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/archive/2009/06/">June (3)</a></li>
1098
1099 <li><a href="http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/archive/2009/07/">July (4)</a></li>
1100
1101 <li><a href="http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/archive/2009/08/">August (3)</a></li>
1102
1103 <li><a href="http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/archive/2009/09/">September (1)</a></li>
1104
1105 <li><a href="http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/archive/2009/10/">October (2)</a></li>
1106
1107 <li><a href="http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/archive/2009/11/">November (3)</a></li>
1108
1109 <li><a href="http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/archive/2009/12/">December (3)</a></li>
1110
1111 </ul></li>
1112
1113 <li>2008
1114 <ul>
1115
1116 <li><a href="http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/archive/2008/11/">November (5)</a></li>
1117
1118 <li><a href="http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/archive/2008/12/">December (7)</a></li>
1119
1120 </ul></li>
1121
1122 </ul>
1123
1124
1125
1126 <h2>Tags</h2>
1127 <ul>
1128
1129  <li><a href="http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/tags/3d-printer">3d-printer (13)</a></li>
1130
1131  <li><a href="http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/tags/amiga">amiga (1)</a></li>
1132
1133  <li><a href="http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/tags/aros">aros (1)</a></li>
1134
1135  <li><a href="http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/tags/bankid">bankid (4)</a></li>
1136
1137  <li><a href="http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/tags/bitcoin">bitcoin (5)</a></li>
1138
1139  <li><a href="http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/tags/bootsystem">bootsystem (12)</a></li>
1140
1141  <li><a href="http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/tags/bsa">bsa (2)</a></li>
1142
1143  <li><a href="http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/tags/debian">debian (67)</a></li>
1144
1145  <li><a href="http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/tags/debian edu">debian edu (118)</a></li>
1146
1147  <li><a href="http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/tags/digistan">digistan (9)</a></li>
1148
1149  <li><a href="http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/tags/docbook">docbook (7)</a></li>
1150
1151  <li><a href="http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/tags/drivstoffpriser">drivstoffpriser (4)</a></li>
1152
1153  <li><a href="http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/tags/english">english (173)</a></li>
1154
1155  <li><a href="http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/tags/fiksgatami">fiksgatami (21)</a></li>
1156
1157  <li><a href="http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/tags/fildeling">fildeling (12)</a></li>
1158
1159  <li><a href="http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/tags/freeculture">freeculture (10)</a></li>
1160
1161  <li><a href="http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/tags/frikanalen">frikanalen (9)</a></li>
1162
1163  <li><a href="http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/tags/intervju">intervju (32)</a></li>
1164
1165  <li><a href="http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/tags/kart">kart (17)</a></li>
1166
1167  <li><a href="http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/tags/ldap">ldap (8)</a></li>
1168
1169  <li><a href="http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/tags/lenker">lenker (6)</a></li>
1170
1171  <li><a href="http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/tags/ltsp">ltsp (1)</a></li>
1172
1173  <li><a href="http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/tags/multimedia">multimedia (25)</a></li>
1174
1175  <li><a href="http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/tags/norsk">norsk (219)</a></li>
1176
1177  <li><a href="http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/tags/nuug">nuug (148)</a></li>
1178
1179  <li><a href="http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/tags/offentlig innsyn">offentlig innsyn (6)</a></li>
1180
1181  <li><a href="http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/tags/open311">open311 (2)</a></li>
1182
1183  <li><a href="http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/tags/opphavsrett">opphavsrett (41)</a></li>
1184
1185  <li><a href="http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/tags/personvern">personvern (61)</a></li>
1186
1187  <li><a href="http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/tags/raid">raid (1)</a></li>
1188
1189  <li><a href="http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/tags/reprap">reprap (11)</a></li>
1190
1191  <li><a href="http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/tags/rfid">rfid (2)</a></li>
1192
1193  <li><a href="http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/tags/robot">robot (6)</a></li>
1194
1195  <li><a href="http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/tags/rss">rss (1)</a></li>
1196
1197  <li><a href="http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/tags/ruter">ruter (4)</a></li>
1198
1199  <li><a href="http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/tags/scraperwiki">scraperwiki (2)</a></li>
1200
1201  <li><a href="http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/tags/sikkerhet">sikkerhet (28)</a></li>
1202
1203  <li><a href="http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/tags/sitesummary">sitesummary (4)</a></li>
1204
1205  <li><a href="http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/tags/skepsis">skepsis (4)</a></li>
1206
1207  <li><a href="http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/tags/standard">standard (39)</a></li>
1208
1209  <li><a href="http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/tags/stavekontroll">stavekontroll (3)</a></li>
1210
1211  <li><a href="http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/tags/stortinget">stortinget (5)</a></li>
1212
1213  <li><a href="http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/tags/surveillance">surveillance (12)</a></li>
1214
1215  <li><a href="http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/tags/sysadmin">sysadmin (1)</a></li>
1216
1217  <li><a href="http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/tags/valg">valg (7)</a></li>
1218
1219  <li><a href="http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/tags/video">video (35)</a></li>
1220
1221  <li><a href="http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/tags/vitenskap">vitenskap (4)</a></li>
1222
1223  <li><a href="http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/tags/web">web (26)</a></li>
1224
1225 </ul>
1226
1227
1228     </div>
1229     <p style="text-align: right">
1230  Created by <a href="http://steve.org.uk/Software/chronicle">Chronicle v4.4</a>
1231 </p>
1232
1233   </body>
1234 </html>