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        <channel>
                <title>Petter Reinholdtsen</title>
                <description></description>
                <link>http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/</link>
                <atom:link href="http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/index.rss" rel="self" type="application/rss+xml" />
        
        <item>
                <title>ColorHug - USB and free software based screen color calibration</title>
                <link>http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/ColorHug___USB_and_free_software_based_screen_color_calibration.html</link>
                <guid isPermaLink="true">http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/ColorHug___USB_and_free_software_based_screen_color_calibration.html</guid>
                <pubDate>Fri, 18 May 2012 10:00:00 +0200</pubDate>
                <description>&lt;p&gt;In january, I
&lt;a href=&quot;http://blog.cihar.com/archives/2012/01/17/colorhug-has-arrived/&quot;&gt;discovered
the ColorHug&lt;/a&gt;, a USB dongle from
&lt;a href=&quot;http://www.hughski.com/index.html&quot;&gt;Hughski&lt;/a&gt; to calibrate
the color on a computer screen.  The software required is
&lt;a href=&quot;http://packages.qa.debian.org/c/colorhug-client.html&quot;&gt;included
in Debian&lt;/a&gt;, and I decided back then to preorder from the next
batch.  Yesterday I finally heard back from them, and got the
opportunity to order.  Today I ordered mine, and eagerly await the
delivery.  I hope it arrive next week, as I got a confirmation that it
should go in the mail on monday. :)&lt;/p&gt;

&lt;p&gt;If you want to ensure the colors on the screen match the indended
colors, I suggest you check out this cheap tool with free software
drivers. :)&lt;/p&gt;
</description>
        </item>
        
        <item>
                <title>Dør Unix, eller lever den videre som Linux?</title>
                <link>http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/D_r_Unix__eller_lever_den_videre_som_Linux_.html</link>
                <guid isPermaLink="true">http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/D_r_Unix__eller_lever_den_videre_som_Linux_.html</guid>
                <pubDate>Tue, 15 May 2012 10:20:00 +0200</pubDate>
                <description>&lt;p&gt;Peter Hidas fra Gartner melder i Computerworld at
&lt;a href=&quot;http://www.idg.no/computerworld/article245011.ece&quot;&gt;Unix
nedkjempes av Linux og Windows&lt;/a&gt;.  For meg er påstanden meningsløs,
da Linux er en variant av Unix, og hele diskusjonen om Linux er Unix
eller ikke er utdatert og uinteressant.  Jeg ser at Helge Skrivervik
deler mitt syn på saken i sin kommentar fra i går om at
&quot;&lt;a href=&quot;http://www.mymayday.com/blogs/2012/unix-linux&quot;&gt;Unix vs. Linux
= uinteressant&quot;&lt;/a&gt;.&lt;/p&gt;

&lt;p&gt;I &lt;a href=&quot;http://www.nuug.no/&quot;&gt;NUUG&lt;/a&gt;-sammenheng møter jeg av og
til folk som tror NUUG er for avdankede folk som driver med den samme
Unix-varianten som Peter Hidas skriver om i sin kommentar, og dermed
er en foreningen for avdankede teknologer interessert i døende
teknologi.  Intet kunne være lengre fra sannheten.&lt;/p&gt;

&lt;p&gt;NUUG er en forening for oss som har sans for fri programvare, åpne
standarder og Unix-lignende operativsystemer, som Ubuntu, FreeBSD,
Debian, Mint, Gentoo, Android, Gnome, KDE, LXDE, Firefox, LibreOffice,
ODF, HTML, C++, ECMA-Script, etc.  Kort sagt der nyskapning skjer på
IT-fronten i dag.  Det innebærer selvfølgelig også de som er
interessert i de &quot;gamle&quot; Unix-ene som Solaris og HP-UX, men de er bare
et lite mindretall blant NUUGs medlemmer.  De aller fleste medlemmene
har i dag fokus på Linux.&lt;/p&gt;
</description>
        </item>
        
        <item>
                <title>Debian Edu interview: Jürgen Leibner</title>
                <link>http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/Debian_Edu_interview__J_rgen_Leibner.html</link>
                <guid isPermaLink="true">http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/Debian_Edu_interview__J_rgen_Leibner.html</guid>
                <pubDate>Sun, 13 May 2012 20:30:00 +0200</pubDate>
                <description>&lt;p&gt;It has been a few busy weeks for me, but I am finally back to
publish another interview with the people behind
&lt;a href=&quot;http://www.skolelinux.org/&quot;&gt;Debian Edu and Skolelinux&lt;/a&gt;.
This time it is one of our German developers, who have helped out over the
years to make sure both a lot of major but also a lot of the minor
details get right before release.

&lt;p&gt;&lt;strong&gt;Who are you, and how do you spend your days?&lt;/strong&gt;&lt;/p&gt;

&lt;p&gt;My name is Jürgen Leibner, I&#39;m 49 years old and living in
Bielefeld, a town in northern Germany.  I worked nearly 20 years as
certified engineer in the department for plant design and layout of an
international company for machinery and equipment.  Since 2011 I&#39;m a
certified technical writer (tekom e.V.) and doing technical
documentations for a steam turbine manufacturer.  From April this year
I will manage the department of technical documentation at a
manufacturer of automation and assembly line engineering.&lt;/p&gt;

&lt;p&gt;My first contact with linux was around 1993. Since that time I used
it at work and at home repeatedly but not exclusively as I do now at
home since 2006.&lt;/p&gt;

&lt;p&gt;&lt;strong&gt;How did you get in contact with the Skolelinux/Debian Edu
project?&lt;/strong&gt;&lt;/p&gt;

&lt;p&gt;Once a day in the early year of 2001 when I wanted to fetch my
daughter from primary school, there was a teacher sitting in the
middle of 20 old computers trying to boot them and he failed. I helped
him to get them booting. That was seen by the school director and she
asked me if I would like to manage that the school gets all that old
computers in use. I answered: &quot;Yes&quot;.&lt;/p&gt;

&lt;p&gt;Some weeks later every of the 10 classrooms had one computer
running Windows98. I began to collect old computers and equipment as
gifts and installed the first computer room with a peer-to-peer
network. I did my work at school without being payed in my spare time
and with a lot of fun.  About one year later the school was connected
to Internet and a local area network was installed in the school
building.  That was the time to have a server and I knew it must be a
Linux server to be able to fulfil all the wishes of the teachers and
being able to do this in a transparent and economic way, without extra
costs for things like licence and software.  So I searched for a
school server system running under Linux and I found a couple of
people nearby who founded &#39;skolelinux.de&#39;. It was the Skolelinux
prerelease 32 I first tried out for being used at the school.  I
managed the IT of that school until the municipal authority took over
the IT management and centralised the services for all schools in
Bielefeld in December of 2006.&lt;/p&gt;

&lt;p&gt;&lt;strong&gt;What do you see as the advantages of Skolelinux/Debian
Edu?&lt;/strong&gt;&lt;/p&gt;

&lt;p&gt;When I&#39;m looking back to the beginning, there were other advantages
for me as today.&lt;/p&gt;

&lt;p&gt;In the past there were advantages like:&lt;/p&gt;

&lt;p&gt;&lt;ul&gt;

&lt;li&gt;I don&#39;t need to buy it so it generates no costs to the school as
they had little money to spent for computers and software.&lt;/li&gt;

&lt;li&gt;It has a licence which grands all rights to use it without
cost.&lt;/li&gt;

&lt;li&gt;It was more able to fit all requirements of a server system for
schools than a Microsoft server system, even if there are only Windows
clients because of it&#39;s preconfigured overall concept of being a
infrastructure solution and community for schools, not only a
server&lt;/li&gt;

&lt;li&gt;I was able to configure the server to the needs of the
school.&lt;/li&gt;

&lt;/ul&gt;&lt;/p&gt;

&lt;p&gt;Today some of the advantages has been lost, changed or new ones
came up in this way:&lt;/p&gt;

&lt;p&gt;&lt;ul&gt;

&lt;li&gt;Most schools here do have money to buy hardware and software
now.&lt;/li&gt;

&lt;li&gt;They are today mostly managed from central IT departments which
have own concepts which often do not fit to Debian Edu concepts
because they are to close to Microsoft ideology.&lt;/li&gt;

&lt;li&gt;With the Squeeze version of Debian Edu which now uses GOsa² for
management I feel more able to manage the daily tasks than with the
interfaces used in the past.&lt;/li&gt;

&lt;li&gt;It is more modular than in the past and fits even better to the
different needs.&lt;/li&gt;

&lt;li&gt;The documentation is usable and gets better every day.&lt;/li&gt;

&lt;li&gt;More people than ever before are using Debian Edu all over the
world and so the community, which is an very important part I think,
is sharing knowledge and minds.&lt;/li&gt;

&lt;li&gt;Most, maybe all, of the technical requirements for schools are
solved today by Debian Edu. &lt;/li&gt;

&lt;/ul&gt;&lt;/p&gt;

&lt;p&gt;&lt;strong&gt;What do you see as the disadvantages of Skolelinux/Debian
Edu?&lt;/strong&gt;&lt;/p&gt;

&lt;p&gt;&lt;ul&gt;

&lt;li&gt;There are too few IT companies able to integrate Debian Edu into
their product portfolio for serving schools with concepts or even
whole municipality areas.&lt;/li&gt;

&lt;li&gt;Debian Edu has beside other free and open software projects not
enough lobbyists which promote free and open software to
politicians.&lt;/li&gt;

&lt;li&gt;Technically there are no disadvantages I&#39;m aware of.&lt;/li&gt;

&lt;/ul&gt;&lt;/p&gt;

&lt;p&gt;&lt;strong&gt;Which free software do you use daily?&lt;/strong&gt;&lt;/p&gt;

&lt;p&gt;I use Debian stable on my home server and on my little desktop
computer. On my laptop I use Debian testing/sid. The applications I
use on my laptop and my desktop are Open/Libre-office, Iceweasel,
KMail, DigiKam, Amarok, Dolphin, okular and all the other programs I
need from the KDE environment.  On console I use newsbeuter, mutt,
screen, irssi and all the other famous and useful tools.&lt;/p&gt;

&lt;p&gt;My home server provides mail services with exim, dovecot, roundcube
and mutt over ssh on the console, file services with samba, NFS,
rsync, web services with apache, moinmoin-wiki, multimedia services
with gallery2 and mediatomb and database services with MySQL for me
and the whole family.  I probably forgot something.&lt;/p&gt;

&lt;p&gt;&lt;strong&gt;Which strategy do you believe is the right one to use to
get schools to use free software?&lt;/strong&gt;&lt;/p&gt;

&lt;p&gt;I believe, we should provide concepts for IT companies to integrate
Debian Edu into their product portfolio with use cases for different
countries and areas all over the world.&lt;/p&gt;
</description>
        </item>
        
        <item>
                <title>Intervju med digi.no om Norge Digitalt og Openstreetmap</title>
                <link>http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/Intervju_med_digi_no_om_Norge_Digitalt_og_Openstreetmap.html</link>
                <guid isPermaLink="true">http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/Intervju_med_digi_no_om_Norge_Digitalt_og_Openstreetmap.html</guid>
                <pubDate>Fri, 11 May 2012 23:40:00 +0200</pubDate>
                <description>&lt;p&gt;I går ble jeg kontaktet på epost av
&lt;a href=&quot;http://www.digi.no&quot;&gt;digi.no&lt;/a&gt;s Eirik Rossen som lurte på om
jeg hadde noen kommentarer til
&lt;a href=&quot;http://www.statkart.no/statkart.ny.no/nor/Statens_kartverk/Om_Statens_kartverk/Pressesenter/Nyhetsarkiv/Nyheter_2012/mai/Norge+i+tet+på+digitale+kartdata.d25-SwZLMWg.ips&quot;&gt;kartverkets
pressemelding&lt;/a&gt; om Norges tetplassering når det gjelder
kart-tilgjengelighet.  Jeg svarte følgende, som resulterte i noen
sitater i
&lt;a href=&quot;http://www.digi.no/895420/norge-i-tet-paa-digitale-kartdata#debatt&quot;&gt;Digis
dekning&lt;/a&gt; av kartverkets pressemelding.&lt;/p&gt;

&lt;p&gt;&lt;blockquote&gt;
&lt;p&gt;Takk for muligheten til å kommentere.&lt;/p&gt;

&lt;p&gt;Pressemeldingen omhandler tilgjengeligheten av kart for aktører som er
medlem i kartellet Norge Digitalt.  Det er ingen overraskelse for meg
at tilgjengeligheten til kart hos disse medlemmene er god.  Men for
oss på utsiden av kartellet er tilgjengelighet av det som burde være
felleskapets og innbyggernes kart dårlig.&lt;/p&gt;

&lt;p&gt;Bruksvilkårene til kartene fra medlemmene i Norge Digital hindrer
nyskapning og selv om en er villig til å betale den ublu prisen som
forlanges får en fortsatt ikke tilgang til kartdata uten
bruksbegresninger.  Derfor bruker jeg heller tid på å gjøre
fribrukskartet OpenStreetmap bedre.  Der fremmer bruksvilkårene
nyskapning og lar meg skape nye tjenester uten å måtte søke om
tillatelse fra det offentlige.&lt;/p&gt;

&lt;p&gt;En annen problemstilling er jo sikkerhet til fjells og til sjøs.
Mon tro hvor mange ulykker på sjøen som kunne vært unngått hvis
sjøkartdata var tilgjengelig uten bruksbegrensninger, slik at enhver
med GPS eller kartplotter tilnærmet kostnadsfritt kunne sikre seg mest
mulig oppdaterte sjøkart?  Det hjelper jo ikke at offentlige etater
har enkel tilgang til sjøkartene når det samme ikke gjelder hver
båtkaptein og småbåtfører.  Jeg tror samfunnet som helhet hadde tjent
på å unngå kostnadene ved disse ulykkene ved å tvinge sjøkartverket
til å publisere sine kartdata på Internet uten bruksbegresninger.&lt;/p&gt;
&lt;/blockquote&gt;&lt;/p&gt;
</description>
        </item>
        
        <item>
                <title>Cutting it short - and picking the right tool for the job</title>
                <link>http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/Cutting_it_short___and_picking_the_right_tool_for_the_job.html</link>
                <guid isPermaLink="true">http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/Cutting_it_short___and_picking_the_right_tool_for_the_job.html</guid>
                <pubDate>Mon, 30 Apr 2012 23:30:00 +0200</pubDate>
                <description>&lt;p&gt;&lt;!-- IMG_5869.JPG --&gt;
&lt;img src=&quot;http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/images/panasonic-er-1611.jpeg&quot;&gt;&lt;/p&gt;

&lt;p&gt;I normally cut my hair short, and my tool of choice has been a
common hair/beard cutter, bought in a electrical shop here in Norway.
But the last ones have not really been up to the task.  My last
cutter, some model from Braun, could only cut a few of my hairs at the
time, and cutting my head took forever.  And the one before that did
not work very well either.  We have looked for something better for a
while, but it was not until I ended up visiting a hairdresser that we
discovered that there are indeed better tools available.  But these
are not marketed and sold to &quot;regular consumers&quot;.  The hair saloons
can get them through their suppliers, but their suppliers only sell
companies.  The models they sell, are very different from the ones
available from Elkjøp and Lefdal.  The main difference is their
efficiency.  It would cut my hair in 5 minutes, instead of the 30-40
minutes required by my impotent Braun.  The hairdresser I visited had
a Panasonic ER160, which unfortunately is no longer available from the
producer.  But I found it had a successor, the Panasonic ER1611.&lt;/p&gt;

&lt;p&gt;The next step was to find somewhere to buy it.  This was not
straight forward.  The list of suppliers I got from the hairdresser
did not want to sell anything to me.  But searching for the model on
the web we found a supplier in Norway willing to sell it to us for
around NOK 4000,-.  This was a bit much.  We kept searching and
finally found a Danish supplier
&lt;a href=&quot;http://nicehair.dk/panasonic-er-1611-professionel-hartrimmer.html&quot;&gt;selling
it for around NOK 1800,-&lt;/a&gt;.  We ordered one, and it arrived a few
days ago.&lt;/p&gt;

&lt;p&gt;The instructions said it had to charge for 8 hours when we started
to use it, so we left it charging over night.  Normally it will only
need one hour to charge.  The following evening we successfully tested
it, and I can warmly recommend it to anyone looking for a real hair
cutter.  The ones we have used until now have been hair cutter
toys.&lt;/p&gt;
</description>
        </item>
        
        <item>
                <title>NUUGs leverer høringsuttalelse om v3.1 av statens referansekatalog</title>
                <link>http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/NUUGs_leverer_h_ringsuttalelse_om_v3_1_av_statens_referansekatalog.html</link>
                <guid isPermaLink="true">http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/NUUGs_leverer_h_ringsuttalelse_om_v3_1_av_statens_referansekatalog.html</guid>
                <pubDate>Fri, 27 Apr 2012 15:30:00 +0200</pubDate>
                <description>&lt;p&gt;NUUG-styremedlem Hans-Petter Fjeld
&lt;a href=&quot;https://plus.google.com/u/0/110394259537201279374/posts/AGzRmAuFdW1&quot;&gt;meldte
nettopp&lt;/a&gt; at han har sendt inn &lt;a href=&quot;http://www.nuug.no/&quot;&gt;NUUG&lt;/a&gt;s
høringsuttalelse angående Difi sin standardkatalog v3.1.  Jeg er veldig
glad for at så mange bidro og sikret at vår stemme blir hørt i denne
høringen.  Anbefaler alle å lese våre
&lt;a href=&quot;http://wiki.nuug.no/uttalelser/201204-standardkatalog-v3.1&quot;&gt;to
sider med innspill&lt;/a&gt;.&lt;/p&gt;
</description>
        </item>
        
        <item>
                <title>HTC One X - Your video?  What do you mean?</title>
                <link>http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/HTC_One_X___Your_video___What_do_you_mean_.html</link>
                <guid isPermaLink="true">http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/HTC_One_X___Your_video___What_do_you_mean_.html</guid>
                <pubDate>Thu, 26 Apr 2012 13:20:00 +0200</pubDate>
                <description>&lt;p&gt;In &lt;a href=&quot;http://www.idg.no/computerworld/article243690.ece&quot;&gt;an
article today&lt;/a&gt; published by Computerworld Norway, the photographer
&lt;a href=&quot;http://www.urke.com/eirik/&quot;&gt;Eirik Helland Urke&lt;/a&gt; reports
that the video editor application included with
&lt;a href=&quot;http://www.htc.com/www/smartphones/htc-one-x/#specs&quot;&gt;HTC One
X&lt;/a&gt; have some quite surprising terms of use.  The article is mostly
based on the twitter message from mister Urke, stating:

&lt;p&gt;&lt;blockquote&gt;
&quot;&lt;a href=&quot;http://twitter.com/urke/status/194062269724897280&quot;&gt;Drøy
brukeravtale: HTC kan bruke MINE redigerte videoer kommersielt. Selv
kan jeg KUN bruke dem privat.&lt;/a&gt;&quot;
&lt;/blockquote&gt;&lt;/p&gt;

&lt;p&gt;I quickly translated it to this English message:&lt;/p&gt;

&lt;p&gt;&lt;blockquote&gt;
&quot;Arrogant user agreement: HTC can use MY edited videos
commercially.  Although I can ONLY use them privately.&quot;
&lt;/blockquote&gt;&lt;/p&gt;

&lt;p&gt;I&#39;ve been unable to find the text of the license term myself, but
suspect it is a variation of the MPEG-LA terms I
&lt;a href=&quot;http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/Terms_of_use_for_video_produced_by_a_Canon_IXUS_130_digital_camera.html&quot;&gt;discovered
with my Canon IXUS 130&lt;/a&gt;.  The HTC One X specification specifies that
the recording format of the phone is .amr for audio and .mp3 for
video.  AMR is
&lt;a href=&quot;http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Adaptive_Multi-Rate_audio_codec#Licensing_and_patent_issues&quot;&gt;Adaptive
Multi-Rate audio codec&lt;/a&gt; with patents which according to the
Wikipedia article require an license agreement with
&lt;a href=&quot;http://www.voiceage.com/&quot;&gt;VoiceAge&lt;/a&gt;.  MP4 is
&lt;a href=&quot;http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/H.264/MPEG-4_AVC#Patent_licensing&quot;&gt;MPEG4 with
H.264&lt;/a&gt;, which according to Wikipedia require a licence agreement
with &lt;a href=&quot;http://www.mpegla.com/&quot;&gt;MPEG-LA&lt;/a&gt;.&lt;/p&gt;

&lt;p&gt;I know why I prefer
&lt;a href=&quot;http://www.digistan.org/open-standard:definition&quot;&gt;free and open
standards&lt;/a&gt; also for video.&lt;/p&gt;
</description>
        </item>
        
        <item>
                <title>Holder de ord og NUUG lanserer testtjeneste med stortingsinformasjon</title>
                <link>http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/Holder_de_ord_og_NUUG_lanserer_testtjeneste_med_stortingsinformasjon.html</link>
                <guid isPermaLink="true">http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/Holder_de_ord_og_NUUG_lanserer_testtjeneste_med_stortingsinformasjon.html</guid>
                <pubDate>Sun, 22 Apr 2012 15:45:00 +0200</pubDate>
                <description>&lt;p&gt;I
&lt;a href=&quot;http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/Hva_har_mine_representanter_stemt_i_Storinget_.html&quot;&gt;januar
i fjor&lt;/a&gt; startet vi i NUUG arbeid med å gjøre informasjon om hvem
som har stemt hva på &lt;a href=&quot;http://www.stortinget.no/&quot;&gt;Stortinget&lt;/a&gt;
enklere tilgjengelig.  I løpet av få måneder fant vi sammen med
organisasjonen &lt;a href=&quot;http://www.holderdeord.no/&quot;&gt;Holder de ord&lt;/a&gt;
som arbeidet mot et lignende mål.&lt;/p&gt;

&lt;p&gt;Siden den gang har vi fått tak i maskinelt lesbart informasjon om
hvem som stemte hva mellom 1990 og våren 2010, og tilgang til
stortingets nye datatjeneste som har informasjon fra høsten 2011 til i
dag.  Det gjenstår litt arbeid med det første datasettet, men
datasettet fra høsten 2011 er klart til bruk.  Begge datasettene er
tilgjengelig &lt;a href=&quot;https://gitorious.org/nuug/folketingparser&quot;&gt;via
git&lt;/a&gt;.&lt;/p&gt;

&lt;p&gt;På
&lt;a href=&quot;http://www.goopen.no/holder-de-ord-datadrevet-oppfolging-av-politiske-lofter/&quot;&gt;Go Open&lt;/a&gt; i morgen lanserer
NUUG sammen med Holder de ord &lt;a href=&quot;http://beta.holderdeord.no/&quot;&gt;en
test-tjeneste&lt;/a&gt; som viser hva som er og blir behandlet på Stortinget og
hvem som har stemt hva siden oktober i fjor.  Du får herved mulighet
til å ta en sniktitt.&lt;/p&gt;
</description>
        </item>
        
        <item>
                <title>RAND terms - non-reasonable and discriminatory</title>
                <link>http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/RAND_terms___non_reasonable_and_discriminatory.html</link>
                <guid isPermaLink="true">http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/RAND_terms___non_reasonable_and_discriminatory.html</guid>
                <pubDate>Thu, 19 Apr 2012 22:20:00 +0200</pubDate>
                <description>&lt;p&gt;Here in Norway, the
&lt;a href=&quot;http://www.regjeringen.no/nb/dep/fad.html?id=339&quot;&gt; Ministry of
Government Administration, Reform and Church Affairs&lt;/a&gt; is behind
a &lt;a href=&quot;http://standard.difi.no/forvaltningsstandarder&quot;&gt;directory of
standards&lt;/a&gt; that are recommended or mandatory for use by the
government.  When the directory was created, the people behind it made
an effort to ensure that everyone would be able to implement the
standards and compete on equal terms to supply software and solutions
to the government.  Free software and non-free software could compete
on the same level.&lt;/p&gt;

&lt;p&gt;But recently, some standards with RAND
(&lt;a href=&quot;http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Reasonable_and_non-discriminatory_licensing&quot;&gt;Reasonable
And Non-Discriminatory&lt;/a&gt;) terms have made their way into the
directory.  And while this might not sound too bad, the fact is that
standard specifications with RAND terms often block free software from
implementing them.  The reasonable part of RAND mean that the cost per
user/unit is low,and the non-discriminatory part mean that everyone
willing to pay will get a license.  Both sound great in theory.  In
practice, to get such license one need to be able to count users, and
be able to pay a small amount of money per unit or user.  By
definition, users of free software do not need to register their use.
So counting users or units is not possible for free software projects.
And given that people will use the software without handing any money
to the author, it is not really economically possible for a free
software author to pay a small amount of money to license the rights
to implement a standard when the income available is zero.  The result
in these situations is that free software are locked out from
implementing standards with RAND terms.&lt;/p&gt;

&lt;p&gt;Because of this, when I see someone claiming the terms of a
standard is reasonable and non-discriminatory, all I can think of is
how this really is non-reasonable and discriminatory.  Because free
software developers are working in a global market, it does not really
help to know that software patents are not supposed to be enforceable
in Norway.  The patent regimes in other countries affect us even here.
I really hope the people behind the standard directory will pay more
attention to these issues in the future.&lt;/p&gt;

&lt;p&gt;You can find more on the issues with RAND, FRAND and RAND-Z terms
from Simon Phipps
(&lt;a href=&quot;http://blogs.computerworlduk.com/simon-says/2010/11/rand-not-so-reasonable/&quot;&gt;RAND:
Not So Reasonable?&lt;/a&gt;).&lt;/p&gt;

&lt;p&gt;Update 2012-04-21: Just came across a
&lt;a href=&quot;http://blogs.computerworlduk.com/open-enterprise/2012/04/of-microsoft-netscape-patents-and-open-standards/index.htm&quot;&gt;blog
post from Glyn Moody&lt;/a&gt; over at Computer World UK warning about the
same issue, and urging people to speak out to the UK government.  I
can only urge Norwegian users to do the same for
&lt;a href=&quot;http://www.standard.difi.no/hoyring/hoyring-om-nye-anbefalte-it-standarder&quot;&gt;the
hearing taking place at the moment&lt;/a&gt; (respond before 2012-04-27).
It proposes to require video conferencing standards including
specifications with RAND terms.&lt;/p&gt;
</description>
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        <item>
                <title>Forskning: &quot;GPL gir lokal frihet og kontroll gjennom omfordeling av makt fra produsent til bruker&quot;</title>
                <link>http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/Forskning___GPL_gir_lokal_frihet_og_kontroll_gjennom_omfordeling_av_makt_fra_produsent_til_bruker_.html</link>
                <guid isPermaLink="true">http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/Forskning___GPL_gir_lokal_frihet_og_kontroll_gjennom_omfordeling_av_makt_fra_produsent_til_bruker_.html</guid>
                <pubDate>Sun, 15 Apr 2012 13:00:00 +0200</pubDate>
                <description>&lt;p&gt;Da jeg googlet etter noe annet kom jeg tilfeldigvis over
&lt;a href=&quot;http://www.duo.uio.no/sok/work.html?WORKID=58309&quot;&gt;en
hovedfagsoppgave&lt;/a&gt; ved Universitetet i Oslo som diskuterer verdien
av GPLs fire friheter for brukerne av IT-systemer.  Jeg ble fascinert
over det som presenteres der.  Her er sammendraget:&lt;/p&gt;

&lt;p&gt;&lt;blockquote&gt;

&lt;p&gt;Motivasjonen til å skrive denne oppgaven er en personlig undring
over hvorfor det primært, og ofte eksklusivt, fokuseres på det
økonomiske aspektet ved utredninger om fri programvare er et godt valg
for det offentlige. Fri og produsenteid programvare bygger på
fundamentalt forskjellige ideologier som kan ha implikasjoner utover
økonomiske kostnader. Kunnskapskulturen som er med på å definere fri
programvare er basert på åpenhet, og er en verdi i seg selv.&lt;/p&gt;

&lt;p&gt;Oppgavens tema er programvarelisensen GPL og frihet. GPL-lisensiert
programvare gir visse friheter i forhold til produsenteid
programvare. Mitt spørsmål er om, og eventuelt i hvilken utstrekning,
disse frihetene blir benyttet av ulike brukere og hvordan de
manifesterer seg for disse brukerne. Sentrale spørsmål i oppgaven
er:&lt;/p&gt;

&lt;ul&gt;
&lt;li&gt;Hvordan fordeles handlekraft gjennom lisensieringen av programvaren?&lt;/li&gt;
&lt;li&gt;Hvilke konsekvenser har programvarelisensen for de ulike brukere? &lt;/li&gt;
&lt;/ul&gt;

&lt;p&gt;Fri programvare gir blant annet brukeren mulighet til å studere og
modifisere kildekoden. Denne formen for frihet erverves gjennom
kunnskap og krever at brukeren også er en ekspert. Hva skjer med
frihetene til GPL når sluttbrukeren er en annen? Dette diskuteres i
dialog med informantene.&lt;/p&gt;

&lt;p&gt;Jeg har i denne oppgaven samlet inn intervjudata fra IKT-ansvarlige
ved grunnskolene i Nittedal kommune, driftsansvarlig og IKT-veilederen
for skolene i kommunen, samt IKT-koordinator for utdanning i Akershus
fylkeskommune og bokmåloversettere av OpenOffice.org. Den empiriske
delen av oppgaven er delt inn i to seksjoner; den første omhandler
operativsystemet Skolelinux, den andre kontorprogrampakken
OpenOffice.org.&lt;/p&gt;

&lt;p&gt;Som vi vil se gir GPL lokal frihet og kontroll gjennom omfordeling
av makt fra produsent til bruker. Brukerens makt analyseres gjennom
begrepene brukermedvirkning og handlingsfrihet. Det blir også lagt
vekt på strukturelle forhold rundt bruken av teknologi, og spesielt de
økonomiske begrepene nettverkseksternaliteter, innlåsing og
stiavhengighet. Dette er begreper av spesiell nytte når objektet som
omsettes eller distribueres er et kommunikasjonsprodukt, fordi verdien
til et slikt gode for en potensiell bruker avhenger av antall
eksisterende brukere av godet. I tilknytning til denne problematikken
inneholder oppgaven også en diskusjon rundt åpne standarder og
formater.&lt;/p&gt;

&lt;p&gt;Oppgaven konkluderer med at de «fire frihetene» som GPL-lisensen er
laget for å beskytte er av avgjørende betydning for bruken av
OpenOffice.org og Skolelinux, i Akershus fylkeskommune såvel som i
skolene i Nittedal. Distribusjonen av handlekraft er ikke helt
symmetrisk. Det er først og fremst de profesjonelle utviklerne i
Skolelinux som direkte kan nyttiggjøre seg friheten til å endre kode,
mens en sluttbruker som Nittedal kommune nyttiggjør seg den økonomiske
friheten til å kunne distribuere programmene. Det er imidlertid også
slik at ingen aktør klarer seg uten alle disse «frihetene».&lt;/p&gt;
&lt;/blockquote&gt;&lt;/p&gt;

&lt;p&gt;Jeg fant også en masteroppgave fra 2006, men der ligger ikke
komplett oppgave tilgjengelig.  På tide å holde et øye med
&lt;a href=&quot;http://www.duo.uio.no/sok/search.html?q=skolelinux&quot;&gt;Skolelinux-søket&lt;/a&gt;
til DUO...&lt;/p&gt;

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