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  14  <h1>
  15      <a href="http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/">Petter Reinholdtsen</a>
  16
  17  </h1>
  18
  19 </div>
  20
  21
  22     <h3>Entries from March 2017.</h3>
  23
  24     <div class="entry">
  25       <div class="title">
  26         <a href="http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/Free_software_archive_system_Nikita_now_able_to_store_documents.html">Free software archive system Nikita now able to store documents</a>
  27       </div>
  28       <div class="date">
  29         19th March 2017
  30       </div>
  31       <div class="body">
  32         <p>The <a href="https://github.com/hiOA-ABI/nikita-noark5-core">Nikita
  33 Noark 5 core project</a> is implementing the Norwegian standard for
  34 keeping an electronic archive of government documents.
  35 <a href="http://www.arkivverket.no/arkivverket/Offentlig-forvaltning/Noark/Noark-5/English-version">The
  36 Noark 5 standard</a> document the requirement for data systems used by
  37 the archives in the Norwegian government, and the Noark 5 web interface
  38 specification document a REST web service for storing, searching and
  39 retrieving documents and metadata in such archive.  I've been involved
  40 in the project since a few weeks before Christmas, when the Norwegian
  41 Unix User Group
  42 <a href="https://www.nuug.no/news/NOARK5_kjerne_som_fri_programvare_f_r_epostliste_hos_NUUG.shtml">announced
  43 it supported the project</a>.  I believe this is an important project,
  44 and hope it can make it possible for the government archives in the
  45 future to use free software to keep the archives we citizens depend
  46 on.  But as I do not hold such archive myself, personally my first use
  47 case is to store and analyse public mail journal metadata published
  48 from the government.  I find it useful to have a clear use case in
  49 mind when developing, to make sure the system scratches one of my
  50 itches.</p>
  51
  52 <p>If you would like to help make sure there is a free software
  53 alternatives for the archives, please join our IRC channel
  54 (<a href="irc://irc.freenode.net/%23nikita">#nikita on
  55 irc.freenode.net</a>) and
  56 <a href="https://lists.nuug.no/mailman/listinfo/nikita-noark">the
  57 project mailing list</a>.</p>
  58
  59 <p>When I got involved, the web service could store metadata about
  60 documents.  But a few weeks ago, a new milestone was reached when it
  61 became possible to store full text documents too.  Yesterday, I
  62 completed an implementation of a command line tool
  63 <tt>archive-pdf</tt> to upload a PDF file to the archive using this
  64 API.  The tool is very simple at the moment, and find existing
  65 <a href="https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Fonds">fonds</a>, series and
  66 files while asking the user to select which one to use if more than
  67 one exist.  Once a file is identified, the PDF is associated with the
  68 file and uploaded, using the title extracted from the PDF itself.  The
  69 process is fairly similar to visiting the archive, opening a cabinet,
  70 locating a file and storing a piece of paper in the archive.  Here is
  71 a test run directly after populating the database with test data using
  72 our API tester:</p>
  73
  74 <p><blockquote><pre>
  75 ~/src//noark5-tester$ ./archive-pdf mangelmelding/mangler.pdf
  76 using arkiv: Title of the test fonds created 2017-03-18T23:49:32.103446
  77 using arkivdel: Title of the test series created 2017-03-18T23:49:32.103446
  78
  79  0 - Title of the test case file created 2017-03-18T23:49:32.103446
  80  1 - Title of the test file created 2017-03-18T23:49:32.103446
  81 Select which mappe you want (or search term): 0
  82 Uploading mangelmelding/mangler.pdf
  83   PDF title: Mangler i spesifikasjonsdokumentet for NOARK 5 Tjenestegrensesnitt
  84   File 2017/1: Title of the test case file created 2017-03-18T23:49:32.103446
  85 ~/src//noark5-tester$
  86 </pre></blockquote></p>
  87
  88 <p>You can see here how the fonds (arkiv) and serie (arkivdel) only had
  89 one option, while the user need to choose which file (mappe) to use
  90 among the two created by the API tester.  The <tt>archive-pdf</tt>
  91 tool can be found in the git repository for the API tester.</p>
  92
  93 <p>In the project, I have been mostly working on
  94 <a href="https://github.com/petterreinholdtsen/noark5-tester">the API
  95 tester</a> so far, while getting to know the code base.  The API
  96 tester currently use
  97 <a href="https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/HATEOAS">the HATEOAS links</a>
  98 to traverse the entire exposed service API and verify that the exposed
  99 operations and objects match the specification, as well as trying to
 100 create objects holding metadata and uploading a simple XML file to
 101 store.  The tester has proved very useful for finding flaws in our
 102 implementation, as well as flaws in the reference site and the
 103 specification.</p>
 104
 105 <p>The test document I uploaded is a summary of all the specification
 106 defects we have collected so far while implementing the web service.
 107 There are several unclear and conflicting parts of the specification,
 108 and we have
 109 <a href="https://github.com/petterreinholdtsen/noark5-tester/tree/master/mangelmelding">started
 110 writing down</a> the questions we get from implementing it.  We use a
 111 format inspired by how <a href="http://www.opengroup.org/austin/">The
 112 Austin Group</a> collect defect reports for the POSIX standard with
 113 <a href="http://www.opengroup.org/austin/mantis.html">their
 114 instructions for the MANTIS defect tracker system</a>, in lack of an official way to structure defect reports for Noark 5 (our first submitted defect report was a <a href="https://github.com/petterreinholdtsen/noark5-tester/blob/master/mangelmelding/sendt/2017-03-15-mangel-prosess.md">request for a procedure for submitting defect reports</a> :).
 115
 116 <p>The Nikita project is implemented using Java and Spring, and is
 117 fairly easy to get up and running using Docker containers for those
 118 that want to test the current code base.  The API tester is
 119 implemented in Python.</p>
 120
 121       </div>
 122       <div class="tags">
 123
 124
 125         Tags: <a href="http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/tags/english">english</a>, <a href="http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/tags/noark5">noark5</a>, <a href="http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/tags/nuug">nuug</a>, <a href="http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/tags/offentlig innsyn">offentlig innsyn</a>, <a href="http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/tags/standard">standard</a>.
 126
 127
 128       </div>
 129     </div>
 130     <div class="padding"></div>
 131
 132     <div class="entry">
 133       <div class="title">
 134         <a href="http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/Detecting_NFS_hangs_on_Linux_without_hanging_yourself___.html">Detecting NFS hangs on Linux without hanging yourself...</a>
 135       </div>
 136       <div class="date">
 137          9th March 2017
 138       </div>
 139       <div class="body">
 140         <p>Over the years, administrating thousand of NFS mounting linux
 141 computers at the time, I often needed a way to detect if the machine
 142 was experiencing NFS hang.  If you try to use <tt>df</tt> or look at a
 143 file or directory affected by the hang, the process (and possibly the
 144 shell) will hang too.  So you want to be able to detect this without
 145 risking the detection process getting stuck too.  It has not been
 146 obvious how to do this.  When the hang has lasted a while, it is
 147 possible to find messages like these in dmesg:</p>
 148
 149 <p><blockquote>
 150 nfs: server nfsserver not responding, still trying
 151 <br>nfs: server nfsserver OK
 152 </blockquote></p>
 153
 154 <p>It is hard to know if the hang is still going on, and it is hard to
 155 be sure looking in dmesg is going to work.  If there are lots of other
 156 messages in dmesg the lines might have rotated out of site before they
 157 are noticed.</p>
 158
 159 <p>While reading through the nfs client implementation in linux kernel
 160 code, I came across some statistics that seem to give a way to detect
 161 it.  The om_timeouts sunrpc value in the kernel will increase every
 162 time the above log entry is inserted into dmesg.  And after digging a
 163 bit further, I discovered that this value show up in
 164 /proc/self/mountstats on Linux.</p>
 165
 166 <p>The mountstats content seem to be shared between files using the
 167 same file system context, so it is enough to check one of the
 168 mountstats files to get the state of the mount point for the machine.
 169 I assume this will not show lazy umounted NFS points, nor NFS mount
 170 points in a different process context (ie with a different filesystem
 171 view), but that does not worry me.</p>
 172
 173 <p>The content for a NFS mount point look similar to this:</p>
 174
 175 <p><blockquote><pre>
 176 [...]
 177 device /dev/mapper/Debian-var mounted on /var with fstype ext3
 178 device nfsserver:/mnt/nfsserver/home0 mounted on /mnt/nfsserver/home0 with fstype nfs statvers=1.1
 179         opts:   rw,vers=3,rsize=65536,wsize=65536,namlen=255,acregmin=3,acregmax=60,acdirmin=30,acdirmax=60,soft,nolock,proto=tcp,timeo=600,retrans=2,sec=sys,mountaddr=129.240.3.145,mountvers=3,mountport=4048,mountproto=udp,local_lock=all
 180         age:    7863311
 181         caps:   caps=0x3fe7,wtmult=4096,dtsize=8192,bsize=0,namlen=255
 182         sec:    flavor=1,pseudoflavor=1
 183         events: 61063112 732346265 1028140 35486205 16220064 8162542 761447191 71714012 37189 3891185 45561809 110486139 4850138 420353 15449177 296502 52736725 13523379 0 52182 9016896 1231 0 0 0 0 0
 184         bytes:  166253035039 219519120027 0 0 40783504807 185466229638 11677877 45561809
 185         RPC iostats version: 1.0  p/v: 100003/3 (nfs)
 186         xprt:   tcp 925 1 6810 0 0 111505412 111480497 109 2672418560317 0 248 53869103 22481820
 187         per-op statistics
 188                 NULL: 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0
 189              GETATTR: 61063106 61063108 0 9621383060 6839064400 453650 77291321 78926132
 190              SETATTR: 463469 463470 0 92005440 66739536 63787 603235 687943
 191               LOOKUP: 17021657 17021657 0 3354097764 4013442928 57216 35125459 35566511
 192               ACCESS: 14281703 14290009 5 2318400592 1713803640 1709282 4865144 7130140
 193             READLINK: 125 125 0 20472 18620 0 1112 1118
 194                 READ: 4214236 4214237 0 715608524 41328653212 89884 22622768 22806693
 195                WRITE: 8479010 8494376 22 187695798568 1356087148 178264904 51506907 231671771
 196               CREATE: 171708 171708 0 38084748 46702272 873 1041833 1050398
 197                MKDIR: 3680 3680 0 773980 993920 26 23990 24245
 198              SYMLINK: 903 903 0 233428 245488 6 5865 5917
 199                MKNOD: 80 80 0 20148 21760 0 299 304
 200               REMOVE: 429921 429921 0 79796004 61908192 3313 2710416 2741636
 201                RMDIR: 3367 3367 0 645112 484848 22 5782 6002
 202               RENAME: 466201 466201 0 130026184 121212260 7075 5935207 5961288
 203                 LINK: 289155 289155 0 72775556 67083960 2199 2565060 2585579
 204              READDIR: 2933237 2933237 0 516506204 13973833412 10385 3190199 3297917
 205          READDIRPLUS: 1652839 1652839 0 298640972 6895997744 84735 14307895 14448937
 206               FSSTAT: 6144 6144 0 1010516 1032192 51 9654 10022
 207               FSINFO: 2 2 0 232 328 0 1 1
 208             PATHCONF: 1 1 0 116 140 0 0 0
 209               COMMIT: 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0
 210
 211 device binfmt_misc mounted on /proc/sys/fs/binfmt_misc with fstype binfmt_misc
 212 [...]
 213 </pre></blockquote></p>
 214
 215 <p>The key number to look at is the third number in the per-op list.
 216 It is the number of NFS timeouts experiences per file system
 217 operation.  Here 22 write timeouts and 5 access timeouts.  If these
 218 numbers are increasing, I believe the machine is experiencing NFS
 219 hang.  Unfortunately the timeout value do not start to increase right
 220 away.  The NFS operations need to time out first, and this can take a
 221 while.  The exact timeout value depend on the setup.  For example the
 222 defaults for TCP and UDP mount points are quite different, and the
 223 timeout value is affected by the soft, hard, timeo and retrans NFS
 224 mount options.</p>
 225
 226 <p>The only way I have been able to get working on Debian and RedHat
 227 Enterprise Linux for getting the timeout count is to peek in /proc/.
 228 But according to
 229 <ahref="http://docs.oracle.com/cd/E19253-01/816-4555/netmonitor-12/index.html">Solaris
 230 10 System Administration Guide: Network Services</a>, the 'nfsstat -c'
 231 command can be used to get these timeout values.  But this do not work
 232 on Linux, as far as I can tell.  I
 233 <ahref="http://bugs.debian.org/857043">asked Debian about this</a>,
 234 but have not seen any replies yet.</p>
 235
 236 <p>Is there a better way to figure out if a Linux NFS client is
 237 experiencing NFS hangs?  Is there a way to detect which processes are
 238 affected?  Is there a way to get the NFS mount going quickly once the
 239 network problem causing the NFS hang has been cleared?  I would very
 240 much welcome some clues, as we regularly run into NFS hangs.</p>
 241
 242       </div>
 243       <div class="tags">
 244
 245
 246         Tags: <a href="http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/tags/debian">debian</a>, <a href="http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/tags/english">english</a>, <a href="http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/tags/sysadmin">sysadmin</a>.
 247
 248
 249       </div>
 250     </div>
 251     <div class="padding"></div>
 252
 253     <div class="entry">
 254       <div class="title">
 255         <a href="http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/How_does_it_feel_to_be_wiretapped__when_you_should_be_doing_the_wiretapping___.html">How does it feel to be wiretapped, when you should be doing the wiretapping...</a>
 256       </div>
 257       <div class="date">
 258          8th March 2017
 259       </div>
 260       <div class="body">
 261         <p>So the new president in the United States of America claim to be
 262 surprised to discover that he was wiretapped during the election
 263 before he was elected president.  He even claim this must be illegal.
 264 Well, doh, if it is one thing the confirmations from Snowden
 265 documented, it is that the entire population in USA is wiretapped, one
 266 way or another.  Of course the president candidates were wiretapped,
 267 alongside the senators, judges and the rest of the people in USA.</p>
 268
 269 <p>Next, the Federal Bureau of Investigation ask the Department of
 270 Justice to go public rejecting the claims that Donald Trump was
 271 wiretapped illegally.  I fail to see the relevance, given that I am
 272 sure the surveillance industry in USA believe they have all the legal
 273 backing they need to conduct mass surveillance on the entire
 274 world.</p>
 275
 276 <p>There is even the director of the FBI stating that he never saw an
 277 order requesting wiretapping of Donald Trump.  That is not very
 278 surprising, given how the FISA court work, with all its activity being
 279 secret.  Perhaps he only heard about it?</p>
 280
 281 <p>What I find most sad in this story is how Norwegian journalists
 282 present it.  In a news reports the other day in the radio from the
 283 Norwegian National broadcasting Company (NRK), I heard the journalist
 284 claim that 'the FBI denies any wiretapping', while the reality is that
 285 'the FBI denies any illegal wiretapping'.  There is a fundamental and
 286 important difference, and it make me sad that the journalists are
 287 unable to grasp it.</p>
 288
 289 <p><strong>Update 2017-03-13:</strong> Look like
 290 <a href="https://theintercept.com/2017/03/13/rand-paul-is-right-nsa-routinely-monitors-americans-communications-without-warrants/">The
 291 Intercept report that US Senator Rand Paul confirm what I state above</a>.</p>
 292
 293       </div>
 294       <div class="tags">
 295
 296
 297         Tags: <a href="http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/tags/english">english</a>, <a href="http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/tags/surveillance">surveillance</a>.
 298
 299
 300       </div>
 301     </div>
 302     <div class="padding"></div>
 303
 304     <div class="entry">
 305       <div class="title">
 306         <a href="http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/Norwegian_Bokm_l_translation_of_The_Debian_Administrator_s_Handbook_complete__proofreading_in_progress.html">Norwegian Bokmål translation of The Debian Administrator's Handbook complete, proofreading in progress</a>
 307       </div>
 308       <div class="date">
 309          3rd March 2017
 310       </div>
 311       <div class="body">
 312         <p>For almost a year now, we have been working on making a Norwegian
 313 Bokmål edition of <a href="https://debian-handbook.info/">The Debian
 314 Administrator's Handbook</a>.  Now, thanks to the tireless effort of
 315 Ole-Erik, Ingrid and Andreas, the initial translation is complete, and
 316 we are working on the proof reading to ensure consistent language and
 317 use of correct computer science terms.  The plan is to make the book
 318 available on paper, as well as in electronic form.  For that to
 319 happen, the proof reading must be completed and all the figures need
 320 to be translated.  If you want to help out, get in touch.</p>
 321
 322 <p><a href="http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/debian-handbook/debian-handbook-nb-NO.pdf">A
 323
 324 fresh PDF edition</a> in A4 format (the final book will have smaller
 325 pages) of the book created every morning is available for
 326 proofreading.  If you find any errors, please
 327 <a href="https://hosted.weblate.org/projects/debian-handbook/">visit
 328 Weblate and correct the error</a>.  The
 329 <a href="http://l.github.io/debian-handbook/stat/nb-NO/index.html">state
 330 of the translation including figures</a> is a useful source for those
 331 provide Norwegian bokmål screen shots and figures.</p>
 332
 333       </div>
 334       <div class="tags">
 335
 336
 337         Tags: <a href="http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/tags/debian">debian</a>, <a href="http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/tags/debian-handbook">debian-handbook</a>, <a href="http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/tags/english">english</a>.
 338
 339
 340       </div>
 341     </div>
 342     <div class="padding"></div>
 343
 344     <div class="entry">
 345       <div class="title">
 346         <a href="http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/Unlimited_randomness_with_the_ChaosKey_.html">Unlimited randomness with the ChaosKey?</a>
 347       </div>
 348       <div class="date">
 349          1st March 2017
 350       </div>
 351       <div class="body">
 352         <p>A few days ago I ordered a small batch of
 353 <a href="http://altusmetrum.org/ChaosKey/">the ChaosKey</a>, a small
 354 USB dongle for generating entropy created by Bdale Garbee and Keith
 355 Packard.  Yesterday it arrived, and I am very happy to report that it
 356 work great!  According to its designers, to get it to work out of the
 357 box, you need the Linux kernel version 4.1 or later.  I tested on a
 358 Debian Stretch machine (kernel version 4.9), and there it worked just
 359 fine, increasing the available entropy very quickly.  I wrote a small
 360 test oneliner to test.  It first print the current entropy level,
 361 drain /dev/random, and then print the entropy level for five seconds.
 362 Here is the situation without the ChaosKey inserted:</p>
 363
 364 <blockquote><pre>
 365 % cat /proc/sys/kernel/random/entropy_avail; \
 366   dd bs=1M if=/dev/random of=/dev/null count=1; \
 367   for n in $(seq 1 5); do \
 368      cat /proc/sys/kernel/random/entropy_avail; \
 369      sleep 1; \
 370   done
 371 300
 372 0+1 oppføringer inn
 373 0+1 oppføringer ut
 374 28 byte kopiert, 0,000264565 s, 106 kB/s
 375 4
 376 8
 377 12
 378 17
 379 21
 380 %
 381 </pre></blockquote>
 382
 383 <p>The entropy level increases by 3-4 every second.  In such case any
 384 application requiring random bits (like a HTTPS enabled web server)
 385 will halt and wait for more entrpy.  And here is the situation with
 386 the ChaosKey inserted:</p>
 387
 388 <blockquote><pre>
 389 % cat /proc/sys/kernel/random/entropy_avail; \
 390   dd bs=1M if=/dev/random of=/dev/null count=1; \
 391   for n in $(seq 1 5); do \
 392      cat /proc/sys/kernel/random/entropy_avail; \
 393      sleep 1; \
 394   done
 395 1079
 396 0+1 oppføringer inn
 397 0+1 oppføringer ut
 398 104 byte kopiert, 0,000487647 s, 213 kB/s
 399 433
 400 1028
 401 1031
 402 1035
 403 1038
 404 %
 405 </pre></blockquote>
 406
 407 <p>Quite the difference. :) I bought a few more than I need, in case
 408 someone want to buy one here in Norway. :)</p>
 409
 410 <p>Update: The dongle was presented at Debconf last year.  You might
 411 find <a href="https://debconf16.debconf.org/talks/94/">the talk
 412 recording illuminating</a>.  It explains exactly what the source of
 413 randomness is, if you are unable to spot it from the schema drawing
 414 available from the ChaosKey web site linked at the start of this blog
 415 post.</p>
 416
 417       </div>
 418       <div class="tags">
 419
 420
 421         Tags: <a href="http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/tags/debian">debian</a>, <a href="http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/tags/english">english</a>.
 422
 423
 424       </div>
 425     </div>
 426     <div class="padding"></div>
 427
 428     <p style="text-align: right;"><a href="03.rss"><img src="http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/xml.gif" alt="RSS Feed" width="36" height="14" /></a></p>
 429     <div id="sidebar">
 430
 431
 432
 433 <h2>Archive</h2>
 434 <ul>
 435
 436 <li>2020
 437 <ul>
 438
 439 <li><a href="http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/archive/2020/02/">February (2)</a></li>
 440
 441 <li><a href="http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/archive/2020/03/">March (2)</a></li>
 442
 443 <li><a href="http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/archive/2020/04/">April (1)</a></li>
 444
 445 </ul></li>
 446
 447 <li>2019
 448 <ul>
 449
 450 <li><a href="http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/archive/2019/01/">January (4)</a></li>
 451
 452 <li><a href="http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/archive/2019/02/">February (3)</a></li>
 453
 454 <li><a href="http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/archive/2019/03/">March (3)</a></li>
 455
 456 <li><a href="http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/archive/2019/05/">May (2)</a></li>
 457
 458 <li><a href="http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/archive/2019/06/">June (5)</a></li>
 459
 460 <li><a href="http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/archive/2019/07/">July (2)</a></li>
 461
 462 <li><a href="http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/archive/2019/08/">August (1)</a></li>
 463
 464 <li><a href="http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/archive/2019/09/">September (1)</a></li>
 465
 466 <li><a href="http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/archive/2019/11/">November (1)</a></li>
 467
 468 <li><a href="http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/archive/2019/12/">December (4)</a></li>
 469
 470 </ul></li>
 471
 472 <li>2018
 473 <ul>
 474
 475 <li><a href="http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/archive/2018/01/">January (1)</a></li>
 476
 477 <li><a href="http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/archive/2018/02/">February (5)</a></li>
 478
 479 <li><a href="http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/archive/2018/03/">March (5)</a></li>
 480
 481 <li><a href="http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/archive/2018/04/">April (3)</a></li>
 482
 483 <li><a href="http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/archive/2018/06/">June (2)</a></li>
 484
 485 <li><a href="http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/archive/2018/07/">July (5)</a></li>
 486
 487 <li><a href="http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/archive/2018/08/">August (3)</a></li>
 488
 489 <li><a href="http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/archive/2018/09/">September (3)</a></li>
 490
 491 <li><a href="http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/archive/2018/10/">October (5)</a></li>
 492
 493 <li><a href="http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/archive/2018/11/">November (2)</a></li>
 494
 495 <li><a href="http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/archive/2018/12/">December (4)</a></li>
 496
 497 </ul></li>
 498
 499 <li>2017
 500 <ul>
 501
 502 <li><a href="http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/archive/2017/01/">January (4)</a></li>
 503
 504 <li><a href="http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/archive/2017/02/">February (3)</a></li>
 505
 506 <li><a href="http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/archive/2017/03/">March (5)</a></li>
 507
 508 <li><a href="http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/archive/2017/04/">April (2)</a></li>
 509
 510 <li><a href="http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/archive/2017/06/">June (5)</a></li>
 511
 512 <li><a href="http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/archive/2017/07/">July (1)</a></li>
 513
 514 <li><a href="http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/archive/2017/08/">August (1)</a></li>
 515
 516 <li><a href="http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/archive/2017/09/">September (3)</a></li>
 517
 518 <li><a href="http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/archive/2017/10/">October (5)</a></li>
 519
 520 <li><a href="http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/archive/2017/11/">November (3)</a></li>
 521
 522 <li><a href="http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/archive/2017/12/">December (4)</a></li>
 523
 524 </ul></li>
 525
 526 <li>2016
 527 <ul>
 528
 529 <li><a href="http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/archive/2016/01/">January (3)</a></li>
 530
 531 <li><a href="http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/archive/2016/02/">February (2)</a></li>
 532
 533 <li><a href="http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/archive/2016/03/">March (3)</a></li>
 534
 535 <li><a href="http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/archive/2016/04/">April (8)</a></li>
 536
 537 <li><a href="http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/archive/2016/05/">May (8)</a></li>
 538
 539 <li><a href="http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/archive/2016/06/">June (2)</a></li>
 540
 541 <li><a href="http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/archive/2016/07/">July (2)</a></li>
 542
 543 <li><a href="http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/archive/2016/08/">August (5)</a></li>
 544
 545 <li><a href="http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/archive/2016/09/">September (2)</a></li>
 546
 547 <li><a href="http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/archive/2016/10/">October (3)</a></li>
 548
 549 <li><a href="http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/archive/2016/11/">November (8)</a></li>
 550
 551 <li><a href="http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/archive/2016/12/">December (5)</a></li>
 552
 553 </ul></li>
 554
 555 <li>2015
 556 <ul>
 557
 558 <li><a href="http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/archive/2015/01/">January (7)</a></li>
 559
 560 <li><a href="http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/archive/2015/02/">February (6)</a></li>
 561
 562 <li><a href="http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/archive/2015/03/">March (1)</a></li>
 563
 564 <li><a href="http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/archive/2015/04/">April (4)</a></li>
 565
 566 <li><a href="http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/archive/2015/05/">May (3)</a></li>
 567
 568 <li><a href="http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/archive/2015/06/">June (4)</a></li>
 569
 570 <li><a href="http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/archive/2015/07/">July (6)</a></li>
 571
 572 <li><a href="http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/archive/2015/08/">August (2)</a></li>
 573
 574 <li><a href="http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/archive/2015/09/">September (2)</a></li>
 575
 576 <li><a href="http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/archive/2015/10/">October (9)</a></li>
 577
 578 <li><a href="http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/archive/2015/11/">November (6)</a></li>
 579
 580 <li><a href="http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/archive/2015/12/">December (3)</a></li>
 581
 582 </ul></li>
 583
 584 <li>2014
 585 <ul>
 586
 587 <li><a href="http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/archive/2014/01/">January (2)</a></li>
 588
 589 <li><a href="http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/archive/2014/02/">February (3)</a></li>
 590
 591 <li><a href="http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/archive/2014/03/">March (8)</a></li>
 592
 593 <li><a href="http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/archive/2014/04/">April (7)</a></li>
 594
 595 <li><a href="http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/archive/2014/05/">May (1)</a></li>
 596
 597 <li><a href="http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/archive/2014/06/">June (2)</a></li>
 598
 599 <li><a href="http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/archive/2014/07/">July (2)</a></li>
 600
 601 <li><a href="http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/archive/2014/08/">August (2)</a></li>
 602
 603 <li><a href="http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/archive/2014/09/">September (5)</a></li>
 604
 605 <li><a href="http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/archive/2014/10/">October (6)</a></li>
 606
 607 <li><a href="http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/archive/2014/11/">November (3)</a></li>
 608
 609 <li><a href="http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/archive/2014/12/">December (5)</a></li>
 610
 611 </ul></li>
 612
 613 <li>2013
 614 <ul>
 615
 616 <li><a href="http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/archive/2013/01/">January (11)</a></li>
 617
 618 <li><a href="http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/archive/2013/02/">February (9)</a></li>
 619
 620 <li><a href="http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/archive/2013/03/">March (9)</a></li>
 621
 622 <li><a href="http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/archive/2013/04/">April (6)</a></li>
 623
 624 <li><a href="http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/archive/2013/05/">May (9)</a></li>
 625
 626 <li><a href="http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/archive/2013/06/">June (10)</a></li>
 627
 628 <li><a href="http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/archive/2013/07/">July (7)</a></li>
 629
 630 <li><a href="http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/archive/2013/08/">August (3)</a></li>
 631
 632 <li><a href="http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/archive/2013/09/">September (5)</a></li>
 633
 634 <li><a href="http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/archive/2013/10/">October (7)</a></li>
 635
 636 <li><a href="http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/archive/2013/11/">November (9)</a></li>
 637
 638 <li><a href="http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/archive/2013/12/">December (3)</a></li>
 639
 640 </ul></li>
 641
 642 <li>2012
 643 <ul>
 644
 645 <li><a href="http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/archive/2012/01/">January (7)</a></li>
 646
 647 <li><a href="http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/archive/2012/02/">February (10)</a></li>
 648
 649 <li><a href="http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/archive/2012/03/">March (17)</a></li>
 650
 651 <li><a href="http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/archive/2012/04/">April (12)</a></li>
 652
 653 <li><a href="http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/archive/2012/05/">May (12)</a></li>
 654
 655 <li><a href="http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/archive/2012/06/">June (20)</a></li>
 656
 657 <li><a href="http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/archive/2012/07/">July (17)</a></li>
 658
 659 <li><a href="http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/archive/2012/08/">August (6)</a></li>
 660
 661 <li><a href="http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/archive/2012/09/">September (9)</a></li>
 662
 663 <li><a href="http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/archive/2012/10/">October (17)</a></li>
 664
 665 <li><a href="http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/archive/2012/11/">November (10)</a></li>
 666
 667 <li><a href="http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/archive/2012/12/">December (7)</a></li>
 668
 669 </ul></li>
 670
 671 <li>2011
 672 <ul>
 673
 674 <li><a href="http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/archive/2011/01/">January (16)</a></li>
 675
 676 <li><a href="http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/archive/2011/02/">February (6)</a></li>
 677
 678 <li><a href="http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/archive/2011/03/">March (6)</a></li>
 679
 680 <li><a href="http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/archive/2011/04/">April (7)</a></li>
 681
 682 <li><a href="http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/archive/2011/05/">May (3)</a></li>
 683
 684 <li><a href="http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/archive/2011/06/">June (2)</a></li>
 685
 686 <li><a href="http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/archive/2011/07/">July (7)</a></li>
 687
 688 <li><a href="http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/archive/2011/08/">August (6)</a></li>
 689
 690 <li><a href="http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/archive/2011/09/">September (4)</a></li>
 691
 692 <li><a href="http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/archive/2011/10/">October (2)</a></li>
 693
 694 <li><a href="http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/archive/2011/11/">November (3)</a></li>
 695
 696 <li><a href="http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/archive/2011/12/">December (1)</a></li>
 697
 698 </ul></li>
 699
 700 <li>2010
 701 <ul>
 702
 703 <li><a href="http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/archive/2010/01/">January (2)</a></li>
 704
 705 <li><a href="http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/archive/2010/02/">February (1)</a></li>
 706
 707 <li><a href="http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/archive/2010/03/">March (3)</a></li>
 708
 709 <li><a href="http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/archive/2010/04/">April (3)</a></li>
 710
 711 <li><a href="http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/archive/2010/05/">May (9)</a></li>
 712
 713 <li><a href="http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/archive/2010/06/">June (14)</a></li>
 714
 715 <li><a href="http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/archive/2010/07/">July (12)</a></li>
 716
 717 <li><a href="http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/archive/2010/08/">August (13)</a></li>
 718
 719 <li><a href="http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/archive/2010/09/">September (7)</a></li>
 720
 721 <li><a href="http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/archive/2010/10/">October (9)</a></li>
 722
 723 <li><a href="http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/archive/2010/11/">November (13)</a></li>
 724
 725 <li><a href="http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/archive/2010/12/">December (12)</a></li>
 726
 727 </ul></li>
 728
 729 <li>2009
 730 <ul>
 731
 732 <li><a href="http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/archive/2009/01/">January (8)</a></li>
 733
 734 <li><a href="http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/archive/2009/02/">February (8)</a></li>
 735
 736 <li><a href="http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/archive/2009/03/">March (12)</a></li>
 737
 738 <li><a href="http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/archive/2009/04/">April (10)</a></li>
 739
 740 <li><a href="http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/archive/2009/05/">May (9)</a></li>
 741
 742 <li><a href="http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/archive/2009/06/">June (3)</a></li>
 743
 744 <li><a href="http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/archive/2009/07/">July (4)</a></li>
 745
 746 <li><a href="http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/archive/2009/08/">August (3)</a></li>
 747
 748 <li><a href="http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/archive/2009/09/">September (1)</a></li>
 749
 750 <li><a href="http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/archive/2009/10/">October (2)</a></li>
 751
 752 <li><a href="http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/archive/2009/11/">November (3)</a></li>
 753
 754 <li><a href="http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/archive/2009/12/">December (3)</a></li>
 755
 756 </ul></li>
 757
 758 <li>2008
 759 <ul>
 760
 761 <li><a href="http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/archive/2008/11/">November (5)</a></li>
 762
 763 <li><a href="http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/archive/2008/12/">December (7)</a></li>
 764
 765 </ul></li>
 766
 767 </ul>
 768
 769
 770
 771 <h2>Tags</h2>
 772 <ul>
 773
 774  <li><a href="http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/tags/3d-printer">3d-printer (16)</a></li>
 775
 776  <li><a href="http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/tags/amiga">amiga (1)</a></li>
 777
 778  <li><a href="http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/tags/aros">aros (1)</a></li>
 779
 780  <li><a href="http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/tags/bankid">bankid (4)</a></li>
 781
 782  <li><a href="http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/tags/betalkontant">betalkontant (8)</a></li>
 783
 784  <li><a href="http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/tags/bitcoin">bitcoin (11)</a></li>
 785
 786  <li><a href="http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/tags/bootsystem">bootsystem (17)</a></li>
 787
 788  <li><a href="http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/tags/bsa">bsa (2)</a></li>
 789
 790  <li><a href="http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/tags/chrpath">chrpath (2)</a></li>
 791
 792  <li><a href="http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/tags/debian">debian (168)</a></li>
 793
 794  <li><a href="http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/tags/debian edu">debian edu (158)</a></li>
 795
 796  <li><a href="http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/tags/debian-handbook">debian-handbook (4)</a></li>
 797
 798  <li><a href="http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/tags/digistan">digistan (11)</a></li>
 799
 800  <li><a href="http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/tags/dld">dld (17)</a></li>
 801
 802  <li><a href="http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/tags/docbook">docbook (26)</a></li>
 803
 804  <li><a href="http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/tags/drivstoffpriser">drivstoffpriser (4)</a></li>
 805
 806  <li><a href="http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/tags/english">english (413)</a></li>
 807
 808  <li><a href="http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/tags/fiksgatami">fiksgatami (23)</a></li>
 809
 810  <li><a href="http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/tags/fildeling">fildeling (14)</a></li>
 811
 812  <li><a href="http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/tags/freeculture">freeculture (34)</a></li>
 813
 814  <li><a href="http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/tags/freedombox">freedombox (9)</a></li>
 815
 816  <li><a href="http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/tags/frikanalen">frikanalen (20)</a></li>
 817
 818  <li><a href="http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/tags/h264">h264 (20)</a></li>
 819
 820  <li><a href="http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/tags/intervju">intervju (42)</a></li>
 821
 822  <li><a href="http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/tags/isenkram">isenkram (16)</a></li>
 823
 824  <li><a href="http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/tags/kart">kart (22)</a></li>
 825
 826  <li><a href="http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/tags/kodi">kodi (4)</a></li>
 827
 828  <li><a href="http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/tags/ldap">ldap (9)</a></li>
 829
 830  <li><a href="http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/tags/lego">lego (4)</a></li>
 831
 832  <li><a href="http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/tags/lenker">lenker (8)</a></li>
 833
 834  <li><a href="http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/tags/lsdvd">lsdvd (2)</a></li>
 835
 836  <li><a href="http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/tags/ltsp">ltsp (1)</a></li>
 837
 838  <li><a href="http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/tags/mesh network">mesh network (8)</a></li>
 839
 840  <li><a href="http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/tags/multimedia">multimedia (42)</a></li>
 841
 842  <li><a href="http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/tags/nice free software">nice free software (12)</a></li>
 843
 844  <li><a href="http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/tags/noark5">noark5 (22)</a></li>
 845
 846  <li><a href="http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/tags/norsk">norsk (313)</a></li>
 847
 848  <li><a href="http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/tags/nuug">nuug (197)</a></li>
 849
 850  <li><a href="http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/tags/offentlig innsyn">offentlig innsyn (38)</a></li>
 851
 852  <li><a href="http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/tags/open311">open311 (2)</a></li>
 853
 854  <li><a href="http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/tags/opphavsrett">opphavsrett (75)</a></li>
 855
 856  <li><a href="http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/tags/personvern">personvern (111)</a></li>
 857
 858  <li><a href="http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/tags/raid">raid (2)</a></li>
 859
 860  <li><a href="http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/tags/reactos">reactos (1)</a></li>
 861
 862  <li><a href="http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/tags/reprap">reprap (11)</a></li>
 863
 864  <li><a href="http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/tags/rfid">rfid (3)</a></li>
 865
 866  <li><a href="http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/tags/robot">robot (12)</a></li>
 867
 868  <li><a href="http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/tags/rss">rss (1)</a></li>
 869
 870  <li><a href="http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/tags/ruter">ruter (7)</a></li>
 871
 872  <li><a href="http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/tags/scraperwiki">scraperwiki (2)</a></li>
 873
 874  <li><a href="http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/tags/sikkerhet">sikkerhet (56)</a></li>
 875
 876  <li><a href="http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/tags/sitesummary">sitesummary (4)</a></li>
 877
 878  <li><a href="http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/tags/skepsis">skepsis (5)</a></li>
 879
 880  <li><a href="http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/tags/standard">standard (70)</a></li>
 881
 882  <li><a href="http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/tags/stavekontroll">stavekontroll (7)</a></li>
 883
 884  <li><a href="http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/tags/stortinget">stortinget (12)</a></li>
 885
 886  <li><a href="http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/tags/surveillance">surveillance (58)</a></li>
 887
 888  <li><a href="http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/tags/sysadmin">sysadmin (4)</a></li>
 889
 890  <li><a href="http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/tags/usenix">usenix (2)</a></li>
 891
 892  <li><a href="http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/tags/valg">valg (9)</a></li>
 893
 894  <li><a href="http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/tags/verkidetfri">verkidetfri (17)</a></li>
 895
 896  <li><a href="http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/tags/video">video (73)</a></li>
 897
 898  <li><a href="http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/tags/vitenskap">vitenskap (4)</a></li>
 899
 900  <li><a href="http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/tags/web">web (42)</a></li>
 901
 902 </ul>
 903
 904
 905     </div>
 906     <p style="text-align: right">
 907  Created by <a href="http://steve.org.uk/Software/chronicle">Chronicle v4.6</a>
 908 </p>
 909
 910   </body>
 911 </html>