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   5   <title>Petter Reinholdtsen</title>
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  12  <div class="title">
  13   <h1>
  14        <a href="http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/">Petter Reinholdtsen</a>
  15
  16   </h1>
  17
  18  </div>
  19
  20
  21
  22  <div class="entry">
  23   <div class="title"><a href="http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/Idea_for_a_change_to_LDAP_schemas_allowing_DNS_and_DHCP_info_to_be_combined_into_one_object.html">Idea for a change to LDAP schemas allowing DNS and DHCP info to be combined into one object</a></div>
  24   <div class="date">2010-06-24 00:35</div>
  25   <div class="body">
  26 <p>A while back, I
  27 <a href="http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/Time_for_new__LDAP_schemas_replacing_RFC_2307_.html">complained
  28 about the fact</a> that it is not possible with the provided schemas
  29 for storing DNS and DHCP information in LDAP to combine the two sets
  30 of information into one LDAP object representing a computer.</p>
  31
  32 <p>In the mean time, I discovered that a simple fix would be to make
  33 the dhcpHost object class auxiliary, to allow it to be combined with
  34 the dNSDomain object class, and thus forming one object for one
  35 computer when storing both DHCP and DNS information in LDAP.</p>
  36
  37 <p>If I understand this correctly, it is not safe to do this change
  38 without also changing the assigned number for the object class, and I
  39 do not know enough about LDAP schema design to do that properly for
  40 Debian Edu.</p>
  41
  42 <p>Anyway, for future reference, this is how I believe we could change
  43 the
  44 <a href="http://tools.ietf.org/html/draft-ietf-dhc-ldap-schema-00">DHCP
  45 schema</a> to solve at least part of the problem with the LDAP schemas
  46 available today from IETF.</p>
  47
  48 <pre>
  49 --- dhcp.schema    (revision 65192)
  50 +++ dhcp.schema    (working copy)
  51 @@ -376,7 +376,7 @@
  52  objectclass ( 2.16.840.1.113719.1.203.6.6
  53         NAME 'dhcpHost'
  54         DESC 'This represents information about a particular client'
  55 -       SUP top
  56 +       SUP top AUXILIARY
  57         MUST cn
  58         MAY  (dhcpLeaseDN $ dhcpHWAddress $ dhcpOptionsDN $ dhcpStatements $ dhcpComments $ dhcpOption)
  59         X-NDS_CONTAINMENT ('dhcpService' 'dhcpSubnet' 'dhcpGroup') )
  60 </pre>
  61
  62 <p>I very much welcome clues on how to do this properly for Debian
  63 Edu/Squeeze.  We provide the DHCP schema in our debian-edu-config
  64 package, and should thus be free to rewrite it as we see fit.</p>
  65 </div>
  66   <div class="tags">
  67
  68
  69
  70    Tags: <a href="http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/tags/debian">debian</a>, <a href="http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/tags/debian edu">debian edu</a>, <a href="http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/tags/english">english</a>, <a href="http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/tags/ldap">ldap</a>, <a href="http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/tags/nuug">nuug</a>.
  71
  72   </div>
  73  </div>
  74  <div class="padding"></div>
  75
  76  <div class="entry">
  77   <div class="title"><a href="http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/Calling_tasksel_like_the_installer__while_still_getting_useful_output.html">Calling tasksel like the installer, while still getting useful output</a></div>
  78   <div class="date">2010-06-16 14:55</div>
  79   <div class="body">
  80 <p>A few times I have had the need to simulate the way tasksel
  81 installs packages during the normal debian-installer run.  Until now,
  82 I have ended up letting tasksel do the work, with the annoying problem
  83 of not getting any feedback at all when something fails (like a
  84 conffile question from dpkg or a download that fails), using code like
  85 this:
  86
  87 <blockquote><pre>
  88 export DEBIAN_FRONTEND=noninteractive
  89 tasksel --new-install
  90 </pre></blockquote>
  91
  92 This would invoke tasksel, let its automatic task selection pick the
  93 tasks to install, and continue to install the requested tasks without
  94 any output what so ever.
  95
  96 Recently I revisited this problem while working on the automatic
  97 package upgrade testing, because tasksel would some times hang without
  98 any useful feedback, and I want to see what is going on when it
  99 happen.  Then it occured to me, I can parse the output from tasksel
 100 when asked to run in test mode, and use that aptitude command line
 101 printed by tasksel then to simulate the tasksel run.  I ended up using
 102 code like this:
 103
 104 <blockquote><pre>
 105 export DEBIAN_FRONTEND=noninteractive
 106 cmd="$(in_target tasksel -t --new-install | sed 's/debconf-apt-progress -- //')"
 107 $cmd
 108 </pre></blockquote>
 109
 110 <p>The content of $cmd is typically something like "<tt>aptitude -q
 111 --without-recommends -o APT::Install-Recommends=no -y install
 112 ~t^desktop$ ~t^gnome-desktop$ ~t^laptop$ ~pstandard ~prequired
 113 ~pimportant</tt>", which will install the gnome desktop task, the
 114 laptop task and all packages with priority standard , required and
 115 important, just like tasksel would have done it during
 116 installation.</p>
 117
 118 <p>A better approach is probably to extend tasksel to be able to
 119 install packages without using debconf-apt-progress, for use cases
 120 like this.</p>
 121 </div>
 122   <div class="tags">
 123
 124
 125
 126    Tags: <a href="http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/tags/debian">debian</a>, <a href="http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/tags/english">english</a>, <a href="http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/tags/nuug">nuug</a>.
 127
 128   </div>
 129  </div>
 130  <div class="padding"></div>
 131
 132  <div class="entry">
 133   <div class="title"><a href="http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/Vinmonopolet_bryter_loven___penlyst___og_flere_planlegger____gj__re_det_samme.html">Vinmonopolet bryter loven åpenlyst - og flere planlegger å gjøre det samme</a></div>
 134   <div class="date">2010-06-16 11:00</div>
 135   <div class="body">
 136 <p><a href="http://www.dagbladet.no/2010/06/16/nyheter/innenriks/streik/arbeidsliv/12157858/">Dagbladet
 137 melder</a> at Vinmonopolet med bakgrunn i vekterstreiken som pågår i
 138 Norge for tiden, har bestemt seg for med vitende og vilje å bryte
 139 sentralbanklovens paragraf 14 ved å nekte folk å betale med
 140 kontanter, og at flere butikker planlegger å følge deres eksempel.
 141 Jeg synes det er hårreisende hvis de slipper unna med et slikt
 142 soleklart lovbrudd, og lurer på hva slags muligheter jeg vil ha hvis
 143 jeg blir nektet å handle med kontanter.  Jeg handler i hovedsak med
 144 kontanter selv, da jeg anser det som en borgerrett å kunne handle
 145 anonymt uten at det blir registrert.  For meg er det et angrep på mitt
 146 personvern å nekte å ta imot kontant betaling.</p>
 147
 148 <p><a href="http://www.lovdata.no/all/tl-19850524-028-003.html#14">Paragrafen
 149 i sentralbankloven</a> lyder:</p>
 150
 151 <blockquote>
 152 <p>§ 14. Tvungent betalingsmiddel</p>
 153
 154 <p>Bankens sedler og mynter er tvungent betalingsmiddel i Norge. Ingen
 155 er pliktig til i én betaling å ta imot mer enn femogtyve mynter av
 156 hver enhet.</p>
 157
 158 <p>Sterkt skadde sedler og mynter er ikke tvungent
 159 betalingsmiddel. Banken gir nærmere forskrifter om erstatning for
 160 bortkomne, brente eller skadde sedler og mynter.</p>
 161
 162 <p>Selv om en avtale inneholder klausul om betaling av en
 163 pengeforpliktelse i gullverdi, kan skyldneren frigjøre seg med tvungne
 164 betalingsmidler uten hensyn til denne klausul.</p>
 165 </blockquote>
 166
 167 <p>Det er med bakgrunn i denne lovet ikke tillatt å nekte å ta imot
 168 kontakt betaling.  Det er en lov jeg har sans for, og som jeg mener må
 169 håndheves strengt.</p>
 170 </div>
 171   <div class="tags">
 172
 173
 174
 175    Tags: <a href="http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/tags/norsk">norsk</a>, <a href="http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/tags/personvern">personvern</a>.
 176
 177   </div>
 178  </div>
 179  <div class="padding"></div>
 180
 181  <div class="entry">
 182   <div class="title"><a href="http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/Officeshots_taking_shape.html">Officeshots taking shape</a></div>
 183   <div class="date">2010-06-13 11:40</div>
 184   <div class="body">
 185 <p>For those of us caring about document exchange and
 186 interoperability, <a href="http://www.officeshots.org/">OfficeShots</a>
 187 is a great service.  It is to ODF documents what
 188 <a href="http://browsershots.org/">BrowserShots</a> is for web
 189 pages.</p>
 190
 191 <p>A while back, I was contacted by Knut Yrvin at the part of Nokia
 192 that used to be Trolltech, who wanted to help the OfficeShots project
 193 and wondered if the University of Oslo where I work would be
 194 interested in supporting the project.  I helped him to navigate his
 195 request to the right people at work, and his request was answered with
 196 a spot in the machine room with power and network connected, and Knut
 197 arranged funding for a machine to fill the spot.  The machine is
 198 administrated by the OfficeShots people, so I do not have daily
 199 contact with its progress, and thus from time to time check back to
 200 see how the project is doing.</p>
 201
 202 <p>Today I had a look, and was happy to see that the Dell box in our
 203 machine room now is the host for several virtual machines running as
 204 OfficeShots factories, and the project is able to render ODF documents
 205 in 17 different document processing implementation on Linux and
 206 Windows.  This is great.</p>
 207 </div>
 208   <div class="tags">
 209
 210
 211
 212    Tags: <a href="http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/tags/english">english</a>, <a href="http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/tags/standard">standard</a>.
 213
 214   </div>
 215  </div>
 216  <div class="padding"></div>
 217
 218  <div class="entry">
 219   <div class="title"><a href="http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/Lenny__Squeeze_upgrades__removals_by_apt_and_aptitude.html">Lenny->Squeeze upgrades, removals by apt and aptitude</a></div>
 220   <div class="date">2010-06-13 09:05</div>
 221   <div class="body">
 222 <p>My
 223 <a href="http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/Automatic_upgrade_testing_from_Lenny_to_Squeeze.html">testing
 224 of Debian upgrades</a> from Lenny to Squeeze continues, and I've
 225 finally made the upgrade logs available from
 226 <a href="http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/debian-upgrade-testing/">http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/debian-upgrade-testing/</a>.
 227 I am now testing dist-upgrade of Gnome and KDE in a chroot using both
 228 apt and aptitude, and found their differences interesting.  This time
 229 I will only focus on their removal plans.</p>
 230
 231 <p>After installing a Gnome desktop and the laptop task, apt-get wants
 232 to remove 72 packages when dist-upgrading from Lenny to Squeeze.  The
 233 surprising part is that it want to remove xorg and all
 234 xserver-xorg-video* drivers.  Clearly not a good choice, but I am not
 235 sure why.  When asking aptitude to do the same, it want to remove 129
 236 packages, but most of them are library packages I suspect are no
 237 longer needed.  Both of them want to remove bluetooth packages, which
 238 I do not know.  Perhaps these bluetooth packages are obsolete?</p>
 239
 240 <p>For KDE, apt-get want to remove 82 packages, among them kdebase
 241 which seem like a bad idea and xorg the same way as with Gnome. Asking
 242 aptitude for the same, it wants to remove 192 packages, none which are
 243 too surprising.</p>
 244
 245 <p>I guess the removal of xorg during upgrades should be investigated
 246 and avoided, and perhaps others as well.  Here are the complete list
 247 of planned removals.  The complete logs is available from the URL
 248 above.  Note if you want to repeat these tests, that the upgrade test
 249 for kde+apt-get hung in the tasksel setup because of dpkg asking
 250 conffile questions.  No idea why.  I worked around it by using
 251 '<tt>echo >> /proc/<em>pidofdpkg</em>/fd/0</tt>' to tell dpkg to
 252 continue.</p>
 253
 254 <p><b>apt-get gnome 72</b>
 255 <br>bluez-gnome cupsddk-drivers deskbar-applet gnome
 256   gnome-desktop-environment gnome-network-admin gtkhtml3.14
 257   iceweasel-gnome-support libavcodec51 libdatrie0 libgdl-1-0
 258   libgnomekbd2 libgnomekbdui2 libmetacity0 libslab0 libxcb-xlib0
 259   nautilus-cd-burner python-gnome2-desktop python-gnome2-extras
 260   serpentine swfdec-mozilla update-manager xorg xserver-xorg
 261   xserver-xorg-core xserver-xorg-input-all xserver-xorg-input-evdev
 262   xserver-xorg-input-kbd xserver-xorg-input-mouse
 263   xserver-xorg-input-synaptics xserver-xorg-input-wacom
 264   xserver-xorg-video-all xserver-xorg-video-apm xserver-xorg-video-ark
 265   xserver-xorg-video-ati xserver-xorg-video-chips
 266   xserver-xorg-video-cirrus xserver-xorg-video-cyrix
 267   xserver-xorg-video-dummy xserver-xorg-video-fbdev
 268   xserver-xorg-video-glint xserver-xorg-video-i128
 269   xserver-xorg-video-i740 xserver-xorg-video-imstt
 270   xserver-xorg-video-intel xserver-xorg-video-mach64
 271   xserver-xorg-video-mga xserver-xorg-video-neomagic
 272   xserver-xorg-video-nsc xserver-xorg-video-nv
 273   xserver-xorg-video-openchrome xserver-xorg-video-r128
 274   xserver-xorg-video-radeon xserver-xorg-video-radeonhd
 275   xserver-xorg-video-rendition xserver-xorg-video-s3
 276   xserver-xorg-video-s3virge xserver-xorg-video-savage
 277   xserver-xorg-video-siliconmotion xserver-xorg-video-sis
 278   xserver-xorg-video-sisusb xserver-xorg-video-tdfx
 279   xserver-xorg-video-tga xserver-xorg-video-trident
 280   xserver-xorg-video-tseng xserver-xorg-video-v4l
 281   xserver-xorg-video-vesa xserver-xorg-video-vga
 282   xserver-xorg-video-vmware xserver-xorg-video-voodoo xulrunner-1.9
 283   xulrunner-1.9-gnome-support</p>
 284
 285 <p><b>aptitude gnome 129</b>
 286
 287 <br>bluez-gnome bluez-utils cpp-4.3 cupsddk-drivers dhcdbd
 288   djvulibre-desktop finger gnome-app-install gnome-mount
 289   gnome-network-admin gnome-spell gnome-vfs-obexftp
 290   gnome-volume-manager gstreamer0.10-gnomevfs gtkhtml3.14 libao2
 291   libavahi-compat-libdnssd1 libavahi-core5 libavcodec51 libbluetooth2
 292   libcamel1.2-11 libcdio7 libcucul0 libcupsys2 libcurl3 libdatrie0
 293   libdirectfb-1.0-0 libdvdread3 libedataserver1.2-9 libeel2-2.20
 294   libeel2-data libepc-1.0-1 libepc-ui-1.0-1 libfaad0 libgail-common
 295   libgd2-noxpm libgda3-3 libgda3-common libgdl-1-0 libgdl-1-common
 296   libggz2 libggzcore9 libggzmod4 libgksu1.2-0 libgksuui1.0-1 libgmyth0
 297   libgnomecups1.0-1 libgnomekbd2 libgnomekbdui2 libgnomeprint2.2-0
 298   libgnomeprint2.2-data libgnomeprintui2.2-0 libgnomeprintui2.2-common
 299   libgnomevfs2-bin libgpod3 libgraphviz4 libgtkhtml2-0
 300   libgtksourceview-common libgtksourceview1.0-0 libgucharmap6
 301   libhesiod0 libicu38 libiw29 libkpathsea4 libltdl3 libmagick++10
 302   libmagick10 libmalaga7 libmetacity0 libmtp7 libmysqlclient15off
 303   libnautilus-burn4 libneon27 libnm-glib0 libnm-util0 libopal-2.2
 304   libosp5 libparted1.8-10 libpoppler-glib3 libpoppler3 libpt-1.10.10
 305   libpt-1.10.10-plugins-alsa libpt-1.10.10-plugins-v4l libraw1394-8
 306   libsensors3 libslab0 libsmbios2 libsoup2.2-8 libssh2-1
 307   libsuitesparse-3.1.0 libswfdec-0.6-90 libtalloc1 libtotem-plparser10
 308   libtrackerclient0 libxalan2-java libxalan2-java-gcj libxcb-xlib0
 309   libxerces2-java libxerces2-java-gcj libxklavier12 libxtrap6
 310   libxxf86misc1 libzephyr3 mysql-common nautilus-cd-burner
 311   openoffice.org-writer2latex openssl-blacklist p7zip
 312   python-4suite-xml python-eggtrayicon python-gnome2-desktop
 313   python-gnome2-extras python-gtkhtml2 python-gtkmozembed
 314   python-numeric python-sexy serpentine svgalibg1 swfdec-gnome
 315   swfdec-mozilla totem-gstreamer update-manager wodim
 316   xserver-xorg-video-cyrix xserver-xorg-video-imstt
 317   xserver-xorg-video-nsc xserver-xorg-video-v4l xserver-xorg-video-vga
 318   zip</p>
 319
 320 <p><b>apt-get kde 82</b>
 321
 322 <br>cupsddk-drivers karm kaudiocreator kcoloredit kcontrol kde kde-core
 323   kdeaddons kdeartwork kdebase kdebase-bin kdebase-bin-kde3
 324   kdebase-kio-plugins kdesktop kdeutils khelpcenter kicker
 325   kicker-applets knewsticker kolourpaint konq-plugins konqueror korn
 326   kpersonalizer kscreensaver ksplash libavcodec51 libdatrie0 libkiten1
 327   libxcb-xlib0 quanta superkaramba texlive-base-bin xorg xserver-xorg
 328   xserver-xorg-core xserver-xorg-input-all xserver-xorg-input-evdev
 329   xserver-xorg-input-kbd xserver-xorg-input-mouse
 330   xserver-xorg-input-synaptics xserver-xorg-input-wacom
 331   xserver-xorg-video-all xserver-xorg-video-apm xserver-xorg-video-ark
 332   xserver-xorg-video-ati xserver-xorg-video-chips
 333   xserver-xorg-video-cirrus xserver-xorg-video-cyrix
 334   xserver-xorg-video-dummy xserver-xorg-video-fbdev
 335   xserver-xorg-video-glint xserver-xorg-video-i128
 336   xserver-xorg-video-i740 xserver-xorg-video-imstt
 337   xserver-xorg-video-intel xserver-xorg-video-mach64
 338   xserver-xorg-video-mga xserver-xorg-video-neomagic
 339   xserver-xorg-video-nsc xserver-xorg-video-nv
 340   xserver-xorg-video-openchrome xserver-xorg-video-r128
 341   xserver-xorg-video-radeon xserver-xorg-video-radeonhd
 342   xserver-xorg-video-rendition xserver-xorg-video-s3
 343   xserver-xorg-video-s3virge xserver-xorg-video-savage
 344   xserver-xorg-video-siliconmotion xserver-xorg-video-sis
 345   xserver-xorg-video-sisusb xserver-xorg-video-tdfx
 346   xserver-xorg-video-tga xserver-xorg-video-trident
 347   xserver-xorg-video-tseng xserver-xorg-video-v4l
 348   xserver-xorg-video-vesa xserver-xorg-video-vga
 349   xserver-xorg-video-vmware xserver-xorg-video-voodoo xulrunner-1.9</p>
 350
 351 <p><b>aptitude kde 192</b>
 352 <br>bluez-utils cpp-4.3 cupsddk-drivers cvs dcoprss dhcdbd
 353   djvulibre-desktop dosfstools eyesapplet fifteenapplet finger gettext
 354   ghostscript-x imlib-base imlib11 indi kandy karm kasteroids
 355   kaudiocreator kbackgammon kbstate kcoloredit kcontrol kcron kdat
 356   kdeadmin-kfile-plugins kdeartwork-misc kdeartwork-theme-window
 357   kdebase-bin-kde3 kdebase-kio-plugins kdeedu-data
 358   kdegraphics-kfile-plugins kdelirc kdemultimedia-kappfinder-data
 359   kdemultimedia-kfile-plugins kdenetwork-kfile-plugins
 360   kdepim-kfile-plugins kdepim-kio-plugins kdeprint kdesktop kdessh
 361   kdict kdnssd kdvi kedit keduca kenolaba kfax kfaxview kfouleggs
 362   kghostview khelpcenter khexedit kiconedit kitchensync klatin
 363   klickety kmailcvt kmenuedit kmid kmilo kmoon kmrml kodo kolourpaint
 364   kooka korn kpager kpdf kpercentage kpf kpilot kpoker kpovmodeler
 365   krec kregexpeditor ksayit ksim ksirc ksirtet ksmiletris ksmserver
 366   ksnake ksokoban ksplash ksvg ksysv ktip ktnef kuickshow kverbos
 367   kview kviewshell kvoctrain kwifimanager kwin kwin4 kworldclock
 368   kxsldbg libakode2 libao2 libarts1-akode libarts1-audiofile
 369   libarts1-mpeglib libarts1-xine libavahi-compat-libdnssd1
 370   libavahi-core5 libavc1394-0 libavcodec51 libbluetooth2
 371   libboost-python1.34.1 libcucul0 libcurl3 libcvsservice0 libdatrie0
 372   libdirectfb-1.0-0 libdjvulibre21 libdvdread3 libfaad0 libfreebob0
 373   libgail-common libgd2-noxpm libgraphviz4 libgsmme1c2a libgtkhtml2-0
 374   libicu38 libiec61883-0 libindex0 libiw29 libk3b3 libkcal2b libkcddb1
 375   libkdeedu3 libkdepim1a libkgantt0 libkiten1 libkleopatra1 libkmime2
 376   libkpathsea4 libkpimexchange1 libkpimidentities1 libkscan1
 377   libksieve0 libktnef1 liblockdev1 libltdl3 libmagick10 libmimelib1c2a
 378   libmozjs1d libmpcdec3 libneon27 libnm-util0 libopensync0 libpisock9
 379   libpoppler-glib3 libpoppler-qt2 libpoppler3 libraw1394-8 libsmbios2
 380   libssh2-1 libsuitesparse-3.1.0 libtalloc1 libtiff-tools
 381   libxalan2-java libxalan2-java-gcj libxcb-xlib0 libxerces2-java
 382   libxerces2-java-gcj libxtrap6 mpeglib networkstatus
 383   openoffice.org-writer2latex pmount poster psutils quanta quanta-data
 384   superkaramba svgalibg1 tex-common texlive-base texlive-base-bin
 385   texlive-common texlive-doc-base texlive-fonts-recommended
 386   xserver-xorg-video-cyrix xserver-xorg-video-imstt
 387   xserver-xorg-video-nsc xserver-xorg-video-v4l xserver-xorg-video-vga
 388   xulrunner-1.9</p>
 389
 390 </div>
 391   <div class="tags">
 392
 393
 394
 395    Tags: <a href="http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/tags/debian">debian</a>, <a href="http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/tags/debian edu">debian edu</a>, <a href="http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/tags/english">english</a>.
 396
 397   </div>
 398  </div>
 399  <div class="padding"></div>
 400
 401  <div class="entry">
 402   <div class="title"><a href="http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/__pne_tr__dl__snett_er_et_samfunnsgode.html">Åpne trådløsnett er et samfunnsgode</a></div>
 403   <div class="date">2010-06-12 12:45</div>
 404   <div class="body">
 405 <p>Veldig glad for å oppdage via
 406 <a href="http://yro.slashdot.org/story/10/06/11/1841256/Finland-To-Legalize-Use-of-Unsecured-Wi-Fi">Slashdot</a>
 407 at folk i Finland har forstått at åpne trådløsnett er et samfunnsgode.
 408 Jeg ser på åpne trådløsnett som et fellesgode på linje med retten til
 409 ferdsel i utmark og retten til å bevege seg i strandsonen.  Jeg har
 410 glede av åpne trådløsnett når jeg finner dem, og deler gladelig nett
 411 med andre så lenge de ikke forstyrrer min bruk av eget nett.
 412 Nettkapasiteten er sjelden en begrensning ved normal browsing og enkel
 413 SSH-innlogging (som er min vanligste nettbruk), og nett kan brukes til
 414 så mye positivt og nyttig (som nyhetslesing, sjekke været, kontakte
 415 slekt og venner, holde seg oppdatert om politiske saker, kontakte
 416 organisasjoner og politikere, etc), at det for meg er helt urimelig å
 417 blokkere dette for alle som ikke gjør en flue fortred.  De som mener
 418 at potensialet for misbruk er grunn nok til å hindre all den positive
 419 og lovlydige bruken av et åpent trådløsnett har jeg dermed ingen
 420 forståelse for.  En kan ikke eksistensen av forbrytere styre hvordan
 421 samfunnet skal organiseres.  Da får en et kontrollsamfunn de færreste
 422 ønsker å leve i, og det at vi har et samfunn i Norge der tilliten til
 423 hverandre er høy gjør at samfunnet fungerer ganske godt.  Det bør vi
 424 anstrenge oss for å beholde.</p>
 425 </div>
 426   <div class="tags">
 427
 428
 429
 430    Tags: <a href="http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/tags/fildeling">fildeling</a>, <a href="http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/tags/norsk">norsk</a>, <a href="http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/tags/nuug">nuug</a>, <a href="http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/tags/opphavsrett">opphavsrett</a>, <a href="http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/tags/personvern">personvern</a>, <a href="http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/tags/sikkerhet">sikkerhet</a>.
 431
 432   </div>
 433  </div>
 434  <div class="padding"></div>
 435
 436  <div class="entry">
 437   <div class="title"><a href="http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/Automatic_upgrade_testing_from_Lenny_to_Squeeze.html">Automatic upgrade testing from Lenny to Squeeze</a></div>
 438   <div class="date">2010-06-11 22:50</div>
 439   <div class="body">
 440 <p>The last few days I have done some upgrade testing in Debian, to
 441 see if the upgrade from Lenny to Squeeze will go smoothly.  A few bugs
 442 have been discovered and reported in the process
 443 (<a href="http://bugs.debian.org/585410">#585410</a> in nagios3-cgi,
 444 <a href="http://bugs.debian.org/584879">#584879</a> already fixed in
 445 enscript and <a href="http://bugs.debian.org/584861">#584861</a> in
 446 kdebase-workspace-data), and to get a more regular testing going on, I
 447 am working on a script to automate the test.</p>
 448
 449 <p>The idea is to create a Lenny chroot and use tasksel to install a
 450 Gnome or KDE desktop installation inside the chroot before upgrading
 451 it.  To ensure no services are started in the chroot, a policy-rc.d
 452 script is inserted.  To make sure tasksel believe it is to install a
 453 desktop on a laptop, the tasksel tests are replaced in the chroot
 454 (only acceptable because this is a throw-away chroot).</p>
 455
 456 <p>A naive upgrade from Lenny to Squeeze using aptitude dist-upgrade
 457 currently always fail because udev refuses to upgrade with the kernel
 458 in Lenny, so to avoid that problem the file /etc/udev/kernel-upgrade
 459 is created.  The bug report
 460 <a href="http://bugs.debian.org/566000">#566000</a> make me suspect
 461 this problem do not trigger in a chroot, but I touch the file anyway
 462 to make sure the upgrade go well.  Testing on virtual and real
 463 hardware have failed me because of udev so far, and creating this file
 464 do the trick in such settings anyway.  This is a
 465 <a href="http://www.linuxquestions.org/questions/debian-26/failed-dist-upgrade-due-to-udev-config_sysfs_deprecated-nonsense-804130/">known
 466 issue</a> and the current udev behaviour is intended by the udev
 467 maintainer because he lack the resources to rewrite udev to keep
 468 working with old kernels or something like that.  I really wish the
 469 udev upstream would keep udev backwards compatible, to avoid such
 470 upgrade problem, but given that they fail to do so, I guess
 471 documenting the way out of this mess is the best option we got for
 472 Debian Squeeze.</p>
 473
 474 <p>Anyway, back to the task at hand, testing upgrades.  This test
 475 script, which I call <tt>upgrade-test</tt> for now, is doing the
 476 trick:</p>
 477
 478 <blockquote><pre>
 479 #!/bin/sh
 480 set -ex
 481
 482 if [ "$1" ] ; then
 483     desktop=$1
 484 else
 485     desktop=gnome
 486 fi
 487
 488 from=lenny
 489 to=squeeze
 490
 491 exec &lt; /dev/null
 492 unset LANG
 493 mirror=http://ftp.skolelinux.org/debian
 494 tmpdir=chroot-$from-upgrade-$to-$desktop
 495 fuser -mv .
 496 debootstrap $from $tmpdir $mirror
 497 chroot $tmpdir aptitude update
 498 cat > $tmpdir/usr/sbin/policy-rc.d &lt;&lt;EOF
 499 #!/bin/sh
 500 exit 101
 501 EOF
 502 chmod a+rx $tmpdir/usr/sbin/policy-rc.d
 503 exit_cleanup() {
 504     umount $tmpdir/proc
 505 }
 506 mount -t proc proc $tmpdir/proc
 507 # Make sure proc is unmounted also on failure
 508 trap exit_cleanup EXIT INT
 509
 510 chroot $tmpdir aptitude -y install debconf-utils
 511
 512 # Make sure tasksel autoselection trigger.  It need the test scripts
 513 # to return the correct answers.
 514 echo tasksel tasksel/desktop multiselect $desktop | \
 515     chroot $tmpdir debconf-set-selections
 516
 517 # Include the desktop and laptop task
 518 for test in desktop laptop ; do
 519     echo > $tmpdir/usr/lib/tasksel/tests/$test &lt;&lt;EOF
 520 #!/bin/sh
 521 exit 2
 522 EOF
 523     chmod a+rx $tmpdir/usr/lib/tasksel/tests/$test
 524 done
 525
 526 DEBIAN_FRONTEND=noninteractive
 527 DEBIAN_PRIORITY=critical
 528 export DEBIAN_FRONTEND DEBIAN_PRIORITY
 529 chroot $tmpdir tasksel --new-install
 530
 531 echo deb $mirror $to main > $tmpdir/etc/apt/sources.list
 532 chroot $tmpdir aptitude update
 533 touch $tmpdir/etc/udev/kernel-upgrade
 534 chroot $tmpdir aptitude -y dist-upgrade
 535 fuser -mv
 536 </pre></blockquote>
 537
 538 <p>I suspect it would be useful to test upgrades with both apt-get and
 539 with aptitude, but I have not had time to look at how they behave
 540 differently so far.  I hope to get a cron job running to do the test
 541 regularly and post the result on the web.  The Gnome upgrade currently
 542 work, while the KDE upgrade fail because of the bug in
 543 kdebase-workspace-data</p>
 544
 545 <p>I am not quite sure what kind of extract from the huge upgrade logs
 546 (KDE 167 KiB, Gnome 516 KiB) it make sense to include in this blog
 547 post, so I will refrain from trying.  I can report that for Gnome,
 548 aptitude report 760 packages upgraded, 448 newly installed, 129 to
 549 remove and 1 not upgraded and 1024MB need to be downloaded while for
 550 KDE the same numbers are 702 packages upgraded, 507 newly installed,
 551 193 to remove and 0 not upgraded and 1117MB need to be downloaded</p>
 552
 553 <p>I am very happy to notice that the Gnome desktop + laptop upgrade
 554 is able to migrate to dependency based boot sequencing and parallel
 555 booting without a hitch.  Was unsure if there were still bugs with
 556 packages failing to clean up their obsolete init.d script during
 557 upgrades, and no such problem seem to affect the Gnome desktop+laptop
 558 packages.</p>
 559 </div>
 560   <div class="tags">
 561
 562
 563
 564    Tags: <a href="http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/tags/bootsystem">bootsystem</a>, <a href="http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/tags/debian">debian</a>, <a href="http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/tags/debian edu">debian edu</a>, <a href="http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/tags/english">english</a>.
 565
 566   </div>
 567  </div>
 568  <div class="padding"></div>
 569
 570  <div class="entry">
 571   <div class="title"><a href="http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/Skolelinux_er_laget_for_sentraldrifting__naturligvis.html">Skolelinux er laget for sentraldrifting, naturligvis</a></div>
 572   <div class="date">2010-06-09 12:30</div>
 573   <div class="body">
 574 <p>Det er merkelig hvordan myter om Skolelinux overlever.  En slik
 575 myte er at Skolelinux ikke kan sentraldriftes og ha sentralt plasserte
 576 tjenermaskiner.  I siste Computerworld Norge er
 577 <a href="http://www.idg.no/computerworld/article169432.ece">IT-sjef
 578 Viggo Billdal i Steinkjer intervjuet</a>, og forteller uten
 579 blygsel:</p>
 580
 581 <blockquote><p>Vi hadde Skolelinux, men det har vi sluttet med. Vi testet
 582 om det lønte seg med Microsoft eller en åpen plattform. Vi fant ut at
 583 Microsoft egentlig var totalt sett bedre egnet. Det var store
 584 driftskostnader med Skolelinux, blant annet på grunn av
 585 desentraliserte servere. Det var komplisert, så vi gikk vekk fra det
 586 og bruker nå bare Windows.</p></blockquote>
 587
 588 <p>En <a
 589 href="https://init.linpro.no/pipermail/skolelinux.no/bruker/2010-June/009101.html">rask
 590 sjekk</a> mot den norske brukerlista i Skolelinuxprosjektet forteller
 591 at Steinkjers forsøk foregikk fram til 2004/2005, og at Røysing skole
 592 i Steinkjer skal ha vært svært fornøyd med Skolelinux men at kommunen
 593 overkjørte skolen og krevde at de gikk over til Windows.  Et søk på
 594 nettet sendte meg til
 595 <a href="http://www.dn.no/multimedia/archive/00090/Dagens_it_nr__18_90826a.pdf">Dagens
 596 IT nr. 18 2005</a> hvor en kan lese på side 18:</p>
 597
 598 <blockquote><p>Inge Tømmerås ved Røysing skole i Steinkjer kjører ennå
 599 Microsoft, men forteller at kompetanseutfordringen med Skolelinux ikke
 600 var så stor.   Jeg syntes Skolelinux var utrolig lett å drifte uten
 601 forkunnskaper. Men man må jo selvsagt ha tilgang på ekstern kompetanse
 602 til installasjoner og maskinvarefeil, sier Tømmerås.</p></blockquote>
 603
 604 <p>Som systemarkitekten bak Skolelinux, kan jeg bare riste på hodet
 605 over påstanden om at Skolelinux krever desentraliserte tjenere.
 606 Skolelinux-arkitekturen er laget for sentralisert drift og plassering
 607 av tjenerne lokalt eller sentralt alt etter behov og nettkapasitet.
 608 Den er modellert på nettverks- og tjenerløsningen som brukes på
 609 Universitetet i Tromsø og Oslo, der jeg jobber med utvikling av
 610 driftstjenester.  Dette er det heldigvis noen som har fått med seg, og
 611 jeg er glad for å kunne sitere fra en kommentar på den overnevnte
 612 artikkelen.  Min venn og gamle kollega Sturle Sunde forteller der:
 613
 614 <blockquote>
 615 <p>I Flora kommune køyrer vi Skulelinux på skular med alt frå 15 til
 616 meir enn 500 elevar. Dei store skulane har eigen tenar, for det er
 617 mest praktisk. Eg, som er driftsansvarleg for heile nettet, ser
 618 sjeldan dei tenarane fysisk, men at dei står der gjer skulane mindre
 619 avhengige av eksterne linjer som er trege eller dyre. Dei minste
 620 skulane har ikkje eigen tenar. Å bruke sentral tenar er heller ikkje
 621 noko problem. Småskulane klarar seg fint med 1 mbit-linje til ein
 622 sentral tenar eller tenaren på ein større skule.</p>
 623
 624 <p>Det beste med Skulelinux er halvtjukke klientar. Dei treng ikkje
 625 harddisk og brukar minimalt med ressursar på tenaren fordi dei køyrer
 626 programma lokalt. Eit klasserom med 30 sju-åtte år gamle maskiner har
 627 mykje meir CPU og RAM totalt enn nokon moderne tenar til under
 628 millionen. Det trengst to kommandoar på den sentrale tenaren for å
 629 oppdatere alle klientane, både tynne og halvtjukke. Vi har ingen
 630 problem med diskar som ryk heller, som var eit problem før fordi
 631 elevane sat og sparka i maskinene. Og dei krev lite bandbreidde i
 632 nettet, so det er fullt mogleg å køyre slike på småskular med trege
 633 linjer mot tenaren på ein større skule.</p>
 634
 635 <p>Flora kommune har nesten 800 Linux-maskiner i sitt skulenett, og
 636 ein person som tek seg av drift av heile nettet, inkludert tenarar,
 637 klientar, operativsystem, programvare, heimekontorløysing og
 638 administrasjon av brukarar.</p>
 639
 640 <p>No skal det seiast at vi ikkje køyrer rein Skulelinux ut av
 641 boksen. Vi har gjort ein del tilpassingar mot noko Novell-greier som
 642 var der frå før, og som har komplisert installasjonen vår. Etter at
 643 oppsettet var gjort har løysinga vore stabil og kravd minimalt med
 644 arbeid.</p>
 645 </blockquote>
 646
 647 <p>Jeg vet at Narvik, Harstad og Oslo er kommuner der Skolelinux
 648 sentraldriftes med sentrale tjenere.  Det forteller meg at Steinkjers
 649 IT-sjef neppe bør skylde på Skolelinux-løsningen for sine 5 år gamle
 650 minner.</p>
 651 </div>
 652   <div class="tags">
 653
 654
 655
 656    Tags: <a href="http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/tags/debian edu">debian edu</a>, <a href="http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/tags/norsk">norsk</a>, <a href="http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/tags/nuug">nuug</a>.
 657
 658   </div>
 659  </div>
 660  <div class="padding"></div>
 661
 662  <div class="entry">
 663   <div class="title"><a href="http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/Upstart_or_sysvinit___as_init_d_scripts_see_it.html">Upstart or sysvinit - as init.d scripts see it</a></div>
 664   <div class="date">2010-06-06 23:55</div>
 665   <div class="body">
 666 <p>If Debian is to migrate to upstart on Linux, I expect some init.d
 667 scripts to migrate (some of) their operations to upstart job while
 668 keeping the init.d for hurd and kfreebsd.  The packages with such
 669 needs will need a way to get their init.d scripts to behave
 670 differently when used with sysvinit and with upstart.  Because of
 671 this, I had a look at the environment variables set when a init.d
 672 script is running under upstart, and when it is not.</p>
 673
 674 <p>With upstart, I notice these environment variables are set when a
 675 script is started from rcS.d/ (ignoring some irrelevant ones like
 676 COLUMNS):</p>
 677
 678 <blockquote><pre>
 679 DEFAULT_RUNLEVEL=2
 680 previous=N
 681 PREVLEVEL=
 682 RUNLEVEL=
 683 runlevel=S
 684 UPSTART_EVENTS=startup
 685 UPSTART_INSTANCE=
 686 UPSTART_JOB=rc-sysinit
 687 </pre></blockquote>
 688
 689 <p>With sysvinit, these environment variables are set for the same
 690 script.</p>
 691
 692 <blockquote><pre>
 693 INIT_VERSION=sysvinit-2.88
 694 previous=N
 695 PREVLEVEL=N
 696 RUNLEVEL=S
 697 runlevel=S
 698 </pre></blockquote>
 699
 700 <p>The RUNLEVEL and PREVLEVEL environment variables passed on from
 701 sysvinit are not set by upstart.  Not sure if it is intentional or not
 702 to not be compatible with sysvinit in this regard.</p>
 703
 704 <p>For scripts needing to behave differently when upstart is used,
 705 looking for the UPSTART_JOB environment variable seem to be a good
 706 choice.</p>
 707 </div>
 708   <div class="tags">
 709
 710
 711
 712    Tags: <a href="http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/tags/bootsystem">bootsystem</a>, <a href="http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/tags/debian">debian</a>, <a href="http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/tags/english">english</a>.
 713
 714   </div>
 715  </div>
 716  <div class="padding"></div>
 717
 718  <div class="entry">
 719   <div class="title"><a href="http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/A_manual_for_standards_wars___.html">A manual for standards wars...</a></div>
 720   <div class="date">2010-06-06 14:15</div>
 721   <div class="body">
 722 <p>Via the
 723 <a href="http://feedproxy.google.com/~r/robweir/antic-atom/~3/QzU4RgoAGMg/weekly-links-10.html">blog
 724 of Rob Weir</a> I came across the very interesting essay named
 725 <a href="http://faculty.haas.berkeley.edu/shapiro/wars.pdf">The Art of
 726 Standards Wars</a> (PDF 25 pages).  I recommend it for everyone
 727 following the standards wars of today.</p>
 728 </div>
 729   <div class="tags">
 730
 731
 732
 733    Tags: <a href="http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/tags/debian">debian</a>, <a href="http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/tags/debian edu">debian edu</a>, <a href="http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/tags/english">english</a>, <a href="http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/tags/standard">standard</a>.
 734
 735   </div>
 736  </div>
 737  <div class="padding"></div>
 738
 739  <p style="text-align: right;"><a href="index.rss"><img src="http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/xml.gif" alt="RSS feed" width="36" height="14"></a></p>
 740
 741 <div id="sidebar">
 742
 743
 744
 745
 746
 747 <h2>Archive</h2>
 748 <ul>
 749
 750 <li>2010
 751 <ul>
 752
 753 <li><a href="http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/archive/2010/01/">January (2)</a></li>
 754
 755 <li><a href="http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/archive/2010/02/">February (1)</a></li>
 756
 757 <li><a href="http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/archive/2010/03/">March (3)</a></li>
 758
 759 <li><a href="http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/archive/2010/04/">April (3)</a></li>
 760
 761 <li><a href="http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/archive/2010/05/">May (9)</a></li>
 762
 763 <li><a href="http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/archive/2010/06/">June (13)</a></li>
 764
 765 </ul></li>
 766
 767 <li>2009
 768 <ul>
 769
 770 <li><a href="http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/archive/2009/01/">January (8)</a></li>
 771
 772 <li><a href="http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/archive/2009/02/">February (8)</a></li>
 773
 774 <li><a href="http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/archive/2009/03/">March (12)</a></li>
 775
 776 <li><a href="http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/archive/2009/04/">April (10)</a></li>
 777
 778 <li><a href="http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/archive/2009/05/">May (9)</a></li>
 779
 780 <li><a href="http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/archive/2009/06/">June (3)</a></li>
 781
 782 <li><a href="http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/archive/2009/07/">July (4)</a></li>
 783
 784 <li><a href="http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/archive/2009/08/">August (3)</a></li>
 785
 786 <li><a href="http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/archive/2009/09/">September (1)</a></li>
 787
 788 <li><a href="http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/archive/2009/10/">October (2)</a></li>
 789
 790 <li><a href="http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/archive/2009/11/">November (3)</a></li>
 791
 792 <li><a href="http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/archive/2009/12/">December (3)</a></li>
 793
 794 </ul></li>
 795
 796 <li>2008
 797 <ul>
 798
 799 <li><a href="http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/archive/2008/11/">November (5)</a></li>
 800
 801 <li><a href="http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/archive/2008/12/">December (7)</a></li>
 802
 803 </ul></li>
 804
 805 </ul>
 806
 807
 808
 809 <h2>Tags</h2>
 810 <ul>
 811
 812  <li><a href="http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/tags/3d-printer">3d-printer (11)</a></li>
 813
 814  <li><a href="http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/tags/amiga">amiga (1)</a></li>
 815
 816  <li><a href="http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/tags/aros">aros (1)</a></li>
 817
 818  <li><a href="http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/tags/bootsystem">bootsystem (10)</a></li>
 819
 820  <li><a href="http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/tags/debian">debian (28)</a></li>
 821
 822  <li><a href="http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/tags/debian edu">debian edu (27)</a></li>
 823
 824  <li><a href="http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/tags/english">english (40)</a></li>
 825
 826  <li><a href="http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/tags/fiksgatami">fiksgatami (1)</a></li>
 827
 828  <li><a href="http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/tags/fildeling">fildeling (7)</a></li>
 829
 830  <li><a href="http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/tags/kart">kart (2)</a></li>
 831
 832  <li><a href="http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/tags/ldap">ldap (2)</a></li>
 833
 834  <li><a href="http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/tags/lenker">lenker (1)</a></li>
 835
 836  <li><a href="http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/tags/ltsp">ltsp (1)</a></li>
 837
 838  <li><a href="http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/tags/multimedia">multimedia (5)</a></li>
 839
 840  <li><a href="http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/tags/norsk">norsk (69)</a></li>
 841
 842  <li><a href="http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/tags/nuug">nuug (78)</a></li>
 843
 844  <li><a href="http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/tags/opphavsrett">opphavsrett (13)</a></li>
 845
 846  <li><a href="http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/tags/personvern">personvern (13)</a></li>
 847
 848  <li><a href="http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/tags/reprap">reprap (10)</a></li>
 849
 850  <li><a href="http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/tags/rss">rss (1)</a></li>
 851
 852  <li><a href="http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/tags/sikkerhet">sikkerhet (9)</a></li>
 853
 854  <li><a href="http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/tags/sitesummary">sitesummary (3)</a></li>
 855
 856  <li><a href="http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/tags/standard">standard (13)</a></li>
 857
 858  <li><a href="http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/tags/stavekontroll">stavekontroll (1)</a></li>
 859
 860  <li><a href="http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/tags/video">video (10)</a></li>
 861
 862  <li><a href="http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/tags/vitenskap">vitenskap (1)</a></li>
 863
 864  <li><a href="http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/tags/web">web (6)</a></li>
 865
 866 </ul>
 867
 868 </div>
 869
 870 <p style="text-align: right">
 871 Created by <a href="http://steve.org.uk/Software/chronicle">Chronicle v3.7</a>
 872 </p>
 873 </body>
 874 </html>