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  13  <h1>
  14      <a href="http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/">Petter Reinholdtsen</a>
  15
  16  </h1>
  17
  18 </div>
  19
  20
  21
  22     <div class="entry">
  23       <div class="title"><a href="http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/Second_beta_release__beta_1__of_Debian_Edu_Skolelinux_based_on_Debian_Wheezy.html">Second beta release (beta 1) of Debian Edu/Skolelinux based on Debian Wheezy</a></div>
  24       <div class="date">22nd August 2013</div>
  25       <div class="body"><p>The second wheezy based beta release of Debian Edu was wrapped up
  26 today, slightly delayed because of some bugs in the initial Windows
  27 integration fixes .  This is the release announcement:</p>
  28
  29 <p><strong>New features for Debian Edu 7.1+edu0~b1 released 2013-08-22</strong></p>
  30
  31 <p>These are the release notes for Debian Edu / Skolelinux
  32 7.1+edu0~b1, based on Debian with codename "Wheezy".</p>
  33
  34 <p><strong>About Debian Edu and Skolelinux</strong></p>
  35
  36 <p><a href="http://www.skolelinux.org/">Debian Edu, also known as
  37 Skolelinux</a>, is a Linux distribution based on Debian providing an
  38 out-of-the box environment of a completely configured school
  39 network. Immediately after installation a school server running all
  40 services needed for a school network is set up just waiting for users
  41 and machines being added via GOsa², a comfortable Web-UI. A netbooting
  42 environment is prepared using PXE, so after initial installation of
  43 the main server from CD or USB stick all other machines can be
  44 installed via the network. The provided school server provides LDAP
  45 database and Kerberos authentication service, centralized home
  46 directories, DHCP server, web proxy and many other services. The
  47 desktop contains
  48 <a href="http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/Educational_applications_included_in_Debian_Edu___Skolelinux__the_screenshot_collection____.html">more
  49 than 60 educational software packages</a> and more are available from
  50 the Debian archive, and schools can choose between KDE, Gnome, LXDE
  51 and Xfce desktop environment.</p>
  52
  53 <p>This is the sixth test release based on Debian Wheezy. Basically this
  54 is an updated and slightly improved version compared to the Squeeze
  55 release.</p>
  56
  57 <p>ALERT: Alpha based installations should reinstall or downgrade the
  58 versions of gosa and libpam-mklocaluser to the ones used in this beta
  59 release. Both alpha and beta0 based installations should reinstall or
  60 deal with gosa.conf manually; there are two options: (1) Keep
  61 gosa.conf and edit this file as outlined
  62 <a href="http://lists.debian.org/debian-edu/2013/08/msg00127.html">on
  63 the mailing list</a>. (2) Accept the new version of gosa.conf and
  64 replace both contained admin password placeholders with the password
  65 hashes found in the old one (backup copy!). In both cases every user
  66 need to change their their password to make sure a password is set for
  67 CIFS access to their home directory.</p>
  68
  69 <p><strong>Software updates</strong></p>
  70
  71 <ul>
  72
  73 <li>Added ssh askpass packages to default installation, to ensure ssh
  74     work also without a attached tty.</li>
  75 <li>Add the command-not-found package to the default installation to
  76     make it easier to figure out where to find missing command line
  77     tools. Please note, that the command 'update-command-not-found'
  78     has to be run as root to actually make it useful (internet access
  79     required).</li>
  80
  81 </ul>
  82
  83 <p><strong>Other changes</strong></p>
  84
  85 <ul>
  86
  87 <li>Adjusted the USB stick ISO image build to include every tool
  88 needed for desktop=xfce installations.</li>
  89 <li>Adjust thin-client-server task to work when installing from USB
  90 stick ISO image.</li>
  91 <li>Made new grub artwork (changed png from indexed to RGB format).</li>
  92 <li>Minor cleanup in the CUPS setup.</li>
  93 <li>Make sure that bootstrapping of the Samba domain really happens
  94     during installation of the main server and adjust SID handling to
  95     cope with this.</li>
  96 <li>Make Samba passwords changeable (again) via GOsa².</li>
  97 <li>Fix generation of LM and NT password hashes via GOsa² to avoid
  98     empty password hashes.</li>
  99 <li>Adapted Samba machine domain joining to latest change in the
 100     smbldap-tools Perl package, fixing bugs blocking Windows machines
 101     from joining the Samba domain.</li>
 102
 103 </ul>
 104
 105 <p><strong>Known issues</strong></p>
 106
 107 <ul>
 108
 109 <li>KDE fails to understand the wpad.dat file provided, causing it to
 110     not use the http proxy as it should.</li>
 111 <li>Chromium also fails to use the proxy when using the KDE desktop
 112     (using the KDE configuration).</li>
 113
 114 </ul>
 115
 116 <p><strong>Where to get it</strong></p>
 117
 118 <p>To download the multiarch netinstall CD release you can use</p>
 119
 120 <ul>
 121
 122 <li><a href="ftp://ftp.skolelinux.org/skolelinux-cd/wheezy/debian-edu-7.1+edu0~b1-CD.iso">ftp://ftp.skolelinux.org/skolelinux-cd/wheezy/debian-edu-7.1+edu0~b1-CD.iso</a></li>
 123
 124 <li><a href="http://ftp.skolelinux.org/skolelinux-cd/wheezy/debian-edu-7.1+edu0~b1-CD.iso">http://ftp.skolelinux.org/skolelinux-cd/wheezy/debian-edu-7.1+edu0~b1-CD.iso</a></li>
 125
 126 <li>rsync -avzP ftp.skolelinux.org::skolelinux-cd/wheezy/debian-edu-7.1+edu0~b1-CD.iso .</li>
 127
 128 </ul>
 129
 130 <p>The MD5SUM of this image is: 1e357f80b55e703523f2254adde6d78b
 131 <br>The SHA1SUM of this image is: 7157f9be5fd27c7694d713c6ecfed61c3edda3b2</p>
 132
 133 <p>To download the multiarch USB stick ISO release you can use</p>
 134
 135 <ul>
 136
 137 <li><a href="ftp://ftp.skolelinux.org/skolelinux-cd/wheezy/debian-edu-7.1+edu0~b1-USB.iso">ftp://ftp.skolelinux.org/skolelinux-cd/wheezy/debian-edu-7.1+edu0~b1-USB.iso</a></li>
 138 <li><a href="http://ftp.skolelinux.org/skolelinux-cd/wheezy/debian-edu-7.1+edu0~b1-USB.iso">http://ftp.skolelinux.org/skolelinux-cd/wheezy/debian-edu-7.1+edu0~b1-USB.iso</a></li>
 139 <li>rsync -avzP ftp.skolelinux.org::skolelinux-cd/wheezy/debian-edu-7.1+edu0~b1-USB.iso .</li>
 140
 141 </ul>
 142
 143 <p>The MD5SUM of this image is: 7a8408ead59cf7e3cef25afb6e91590b
 144 <br>The SHA1SUM of this image is: f1817c031f02790d5edb3bfa0dcf8451088ad119</p>
 145
 146
 147 <p><strong>How to report bugs</strong></p>
 148
 149 <p><a href="http://wiki.debian.org/DebianEdu/HowTo/ReportBugs">http://wiki.debian.org/DebianEdu/HowTo/ReportBugs</a>
 150 </div>
 151       <div class="tags">
 152
 153
 154         Tags: <a href="http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/tags/debian edu">debian edu</a>, <a href="http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/tags/english">english</a>.
 155
 156
 157       </div>
 158     </div>
 159     <div class="padding"></div>
 160
 161     <div class="entry">
 162       <div class="title"><a href="http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/Intel_180_SSD_disk_with_Lenovo_firmware_can_not_use_Intel_firmware.html">Intel 180 SSD disk with Lenovo firmware can not use Intel firmware</a></div>
 163       <div class="date">18th August 2013</div>
 164       <div class="body"><p>Earlier, I reported about
 165 <a href="http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/How_to_fix_a_Thinkpad_X230_with_a_broken_180_GB_SSD_disk.html">my
 166 problems using an Intel SSD 520 Series 180 GB disk</a>.  Friday I was
 167 told by IBM that the original disk should be thrown away.  And as
 168 there no longer was a problem if I bricked the firmware, I decided
 169 today to try to install Intel firmware to replace the Lenovo firmware
 170 currently on the disk.</p>
 171
 172 <p>I searched the Intel site for firmware, and found
 173 <a href="https://downloadcenter.intel.com/Detail_Desc.aspx?agr=Y&ProdId=3472&DwnldID=18363&ProductFamily=Solid-State+Drives+and+Caching&ProductLine=Intel%c2%ae+High+Performance+Solid-State+Drive&ProductProduct=Intel%c2%ae+SSD+520+Series+(180GB%2c+2.5in+SATA+6Gb%2fs%2c+25nm%2c+MLC)&lang=eng">issdfut_2.0.4.iso</a>
 174 (aka Intel SATA Solid-State Drive Firmware Update Tool) which
 175 according to the site should contain the latest firmware for SSD
 176 disks.  I inserted the broken disk in one of my spare laptops and
 177 booted the ISO from a USB stick.  The disk was recognized, but the
 178 program claimed the newest firmware already were installed and refused
 179 to insert any Intel firmware.  So no change, and the disk is still
 180 unable to handle write load. :( I guess the only way to get them
 181 working would be if Lenovo releases new firmware.  No idea how likely
 182 that is.  Anyway, just blogging about this test for completeness.  I
 183 got a working Samsung disk, and see no point in spending more time on
 184 the broken disks.</p>
 185 </div>
 186       <div class="tags">
 187
 188
 189         Tags: <a href="http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/tags/debian">debian</a>, <a href="http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/tags/english">english</a>.
 190
 191
 192       </div>
 193     </div>
 194     <div class="padding"></div>
 195
 196     <div class="entry">
 197       <div class="title"><a href="http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/90_percent_done_with_the_Norwegian_draft_translation_of_Free_Culture.html">90 percent done with the Norwegian draft translation of Free Culture</a></div>
 198       <div class="date"> 2nd August 2013</div>
 199       <div class="body"><p>It has been a while since my last update.  Since last summer, I
 200 have worked on a Norwegian
 201 <a href="http://www.docbook.org/">docbook</a> version of the 2004 book
 202 <a href="http://free-culture.cc/">Free Culture</a> by Lawrence Lessig,
 203 to get a Norwegian text explaining the problems with the copyright
 204 law.  Yesterday, I finally broken the 90% mark, when counting the
 205 number of strings to translate.  Due to real life constraints, I have
 206 not had time to work on it since March, but when the summer broke out,
 207 I found time to work on it again.  Still lots of work left, but the
 208 first draft is nearing completion.  I created a graph to show the
 209 progress of the translation:</p>
 210
 211 <p><img width="80%" align="center" src="https://github.com/petterreinholdtsen/free-culture-lessig/raw/master/progress.png"></p>
 212
 213 <p>When the first draft is done, the translated text need to be
 214 proof read, and the remaining formatting problems with images and SVG
 215 drawings need to be fixed.  There are probably also some index entries
 216 missing that need to be added.  This can be done by comparing the
 217 index entries listed in the SiSU version of the book, or comparing the
 218 English docbook version with the paper version.  Last, the colophon
 219 page with ISBN numbers etc need to be wrapped up before the release is
 220 done.  I should also figure out how to get correct Norwegian sorting
 221 of the index pages.  All docbook tools I have tried so far (xmlto,
 222 docbook-xsl, dblatex) get the order of symbols and the special
 223 Norwegian letters ÆØÅ wrong.</p>
 224
 225 <p>There is still need for translators and people with docbook
 226 knowledge, to be able to get a good looking book (I still struggle
 227 with dblatex, xmlto and docbook-xsl) as well as to do the draft
 228 translation and proof reading.  And I would like the figures to be
 229 redrawn as SVGs to make it easy to translate them.  Any SVG master
 230 around?  There are also some legal terms that are unfamiliar to me.
 231 If you want to help, please get in touch with me, and check out the
 232 project files currently available from
 233 <a href="https://github.com/petterreinholdtsen/free-culture-lessig">github</a>.</p>
 234
 235 <p>If you are curious what the translated book currently look like,
 236 the updated
 237 <a href="https://github.com/petterreinholdtsen/free-culture-lessig/blob/master/archive/freeculture.nb.pdf?raw=true">PDF</a>
 238 and
 239 <a href="https://github.com/petterreinholdtsen/free-culture-lessig/blob/master/archive/freeculture.nb.epub?raw=true">EPUB</a>
 240 are published on github.  The HTML version is published as well, but
 241 github hand it out with MIME type text/plain, confusing browsers, so I
 242 saw no point in linking to that version.</p>
 243 </div>
 244       <div class="tags">
 245
 246
 247         Tags: <a href="http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/tags/docbook">docbook</a>, <a href="http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/tags/english">english</a>, <a href="http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/tags/freeculture">freeculture</a>.
 248
 249
 250       </div>
 251     </div>
 252     <div class="padding"></div>
 253
 254     <div class="entry">
 255       <div class="title"><a href="http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/First_beta_release_of_Debian_Edu_Skolelinux_based_on_Debian_Wheezy.html">First beta release of Debian Edu/Skolelinux based on Debian Wheezy</a></div>
 256       <div class="date">27th July 2013</div>
 257       <div class="body"><p>The first wheezy based beta release of Debian Edu was wrapped up
 258 today.  This is the release announcement:</p>
 259
 260 <p><strong>New features for Debian Edu 7.1+edu0~b0 released
 261 2013-07-27</strong></p>
 262
 263 <p>These are the release notes for for Debian Edu / Skolelinux
 264 7.1+edu0~b0, based on Debian with codename "Wheezy".</p>
 265
 266 <p><strong>About Debian Edu and Skolelinux</strong></p>
 267
 268 <p><a href="http://www.skolelinux.org/">Debian Edu, also known as
 269 Skolelinux</a>, is a Linux distribution based on Debian providing an
 270 out-of-the box environment of a completely configured school
 271 network. Immediately after installation a school server running all
 272 services needed for a school network is set up just waiting for users
 273 and machines being added via GOsa², a comfortable Web-UI. A netbooting
 274 environment is prepared using PXE, so after initial installation of
 275 the main server from CD, DVD or USB stick all other machines can be
 276 installed via the network. The provided school server provides LDAP
 277 database and Kerberos authentication service, centralized home
 278 directories, DHCP server, web proxy and many other services. The
 279 desktop contains
 280 <a href="http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/Educational_applications_included_in_Debian_Edu___Skolelinux__the_screenshot_collection____.html">more
 281 than 60 educational software packages</a> and more are available from
 282 the Debian archive, and schools can choose between KDE, Gnome, LXDE
 283 and Xfce desktop environment.</p>
 284
 285 <p>This is the fifth test release based on Debian Wheezy. Basically
 286 this is an updated and slightly improved version compared to the
 287 Squeeze release.</p>
 288
 289 <p>ALERT: Alpha based installations should reinstall or downgrade the
 290 versions of gosa and libpam-mklocaluser to the ones used in this beta
 291 release.</p>
 292
 293 <p><strong>Software updates</strong></p>
 294
 295 <ul>
 296
 297 <li>Switched roaming workstation profiles from wicd to network-manager
 298    for network configuration, as wicd didn't work any more.</li>
 299 <li>Changed version numbers of patched gosa and libpam-mklocaluser
 300    packages to make sure our locally patched versions will be replaced
 301    by the official packages when they are released from Debian. Those
 302    installing alpha version need to reinstall or manually downgrade gosa
 303    and libpam-mklocaluser.</li>
 304 <li>Added bluetooth tools to the default desktop (bluedevil, blueman).</li>
 305 <li>Added tools for sharing the desktop on KDE (krdc, krfb).</li>
 306 <li>Added valgrind to the default installation for easier debugging of
 307    crash bugs.</li>
 308
 309 </ul>
 310
 311 <p><strong>Other changes</strong></p>
 312
 313 <ul>
 314
 315 <li>Fixed artwork package to work with gnome, no longer break
 316    desktop=gnome installations.</li>
 317 <li>Adjusted installer to now work when forced to use a proxy with the
 318    netinst CD.</li>
 319 <li>Fixed code detecting and setting/loading hardware specific
 320    setup/firmware to work more robust out of the box.</li>
 321 <li>Adjusted Kerberos setup to detect realm and server settings at
 322    install time instead of dynamically at run time. This avoid a crash
 323    with krb5-auth-dialog on diskless workstations without a DNS name.</li>
 324 <li>Worked around misfeature in network-manager not calling the dhclient
 325    exit hooks, causing automatic proxy configuration and automatic host
 326    name setting at run time to work again.</li>
 327 <li>Fixed feature setting the default Iceweasel start page from URL
 328    fetched from LDAP, to allow schools to set the global default by
 329    updating the dc=skole,dc=skolelinux,dc=no LDAP object.</li>
 330 <li>Changed default host name on all networked machines to be unique
 331    (generated from MAC or reverse DNS) after boot.</li>
 332 <li>Adjusted partition sizes to make sure they are big enough.</li>
 333
 334 </ul>
 335
 336 <p><strong>Known issues</strong></p>
 337
 338 <ul>
 339
 340 <li>Grub is missing the new artwork.</li>
 341 <li>KDE fail to understand the wpad.dat file provided, causing it to
 342     not use the http proxy as it should.</li>
 343 <li>Chromium also fail to use the proxy.</li>
 344
 345 </ul>
 346
 347 <p><strong>Where to get it</strong></p>
 348
 349 <p>To download the multiarch netinstall CD release you can use</p>
 350
 351 <ul>
 352
 353 <li><a href="ftp://ftp.skolelinux.org/skolelinux-cd/wheezy/debian-edu-7.1+edu0~b0-CD.iso">ftp://ftp.skolelinux.org/skolelinux-cd/wheezy/debian-edu-7.1+edu0~b0-CD.iso</a></li>
 354
 355 <li><a href="http://ftp.skolelinux.org/skolelinux-cd/wheezy/debian-edu-7.1+edu0~b0-CD.iso">http://ftp.skolelinux.org/skolelinux-cd/wheezy/debian-edu-7.1+edu0~b0-CD.iso</a></li>
 356
 357 <li>rsync -avzP ftp.skolelinux.org::skolelinux-cd/wheezy/debian-edu-7.1+edu0~b0-CD.iso .</li>
 358
 359 </ul>
 360
 361 <p>The MD5SUM of this image is: 55d5de9765b6dccd5d9ec33cf1a07109
 362 <br>The SHA1SUM of this image is: 996a1d9517740e4d627d100de2d12b23dd545a3f</p>
 363
 364 <p>To download the multiarch USB stick ISO release you can use</p>
 365
 366 <ul>
 367
 368 <li><a href="ftp://ftp.skolelinux.org/skolelinux-cd/wheezy/debian-edu-7.1+edu0~b0-USB.iso">ftp://ftp.skolelinux.org/skolelinux-cd/wheezy/debian-edu-7.1+edu0~b0-USB.iso</a></li>
 369 <li><a href="http://ftp.skolelinux.org/skolelinux-cd/wheezy/debian-edu-7.1+edu0~b0-USB.iso">http://ftp.skolelinux.org/skolelinux-cd/wheezy/debian-edu-7.1+edu0~b0-USB.iso</a></li>
 370 <li>rsync -avzP ftp.skolelinux.org::skolelinux-cd/wheezy/debian-edu-7.1+edu0~b0-USB.iso .</li>
 371
 372 </ul>
 373
 374 <p>The MD5SUM of this image is: d8f0818c51a78d357de794066f289f69
 375 <br>The SHA1SUM of this image is: 49185ca354e8d0543240423746924f76a6cee733</p>
 376
 377
 378 <p><strong>How to report bugs</strong></p>
 379
 380 <p><a href="http://wiki.debian.org/DebianEdu/HowTo/ReportBugs">http://wiki.debian.org/DebianEdu/HowTo/ReportBugs</a>
 381 </div>
 382       <div class="tags">
 383
 384
 385         Tags: <a href="http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/tags/debian edu">debian edu</a>, <a href="http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/tags/english">english</a>.
 386
 387
 388       </div>
 389     </div>
 390     <div class="padding"></div>
 391
 392     <div class="entry">
 393       <div class="title"><a href="http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/How_to_fix_a_Thinkpad_X230_with_a_broken_180_GB_SSD_disk.html">How to fix a Thinkpad X230 with a broken 180 GB SSD disk</a></div>
 394       <div class="date">17th July 2013</div>
 395       <div class="body"><p>Today I switched to
 396 <a href="http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/The_Thinkpad_is_dead__long_live_the_Thinkpad_X230_.html">my
 397 new laptop</a>.  I've previously written about the problems I had with
 398 my new Thinkpad X230, which was delivered with an
 399 <a href="http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/Intel_SSD_520_Series_180_GB_with_Lenovo_firmware_still_lock_up_from_sustained_writes.html">180
 400 GB Intel SSD disk with Lenovo firmware</a> that did not handle
 401 sustained writes.  My hardware supplier have been very forthcoming in
 402 trying to find a solution, and after first trying with another
 403 identical 180 GB disks they decided to send me a 256 GB Samsung SSD
 404 disk instead to fix it once and for all.  The Samsung disk survived
 405 the installation of Debian with encrypted disks (filling the disk with
 406 random data during installation killed the first two), and I thus
 407 decided to trust it with my data.  I have installed it as a Debian Edu
 408 Wheezy roaming workstation hooked up with my Debian Edu Squeeze main
 409 server at home using Kerberos and LDAP, and will use it as my work
 410 station from now on.</p>
 411
 412 <p>As this is a solid state disk with no moving parts, I believe the
 413 Debian Wheezy default installation need to be tuned a bit to increase
 414 performance and increase life time of the disk.  The Linux kernel and
 415 user space applications do not yet adjust automatically to such
 416 environment.  To make it easier for my self, I created a draft Debian
 417 package <tt>ssd-setup</tt> to handle this tuning.  The
 418 <a href="http://anonscm.debian.org/gitweb/?p=collab-maint/ssd-setup.git">source
 419 for the ssd-setup package</a> is available from collab-maint, and it
 420 is set up to adjust the setup of the machine by just installing the
 421 package.  If there is any non-SSD disk in the machine, the package
 422 will refuse to install, as I did not try to write any logic to sort
 423 file systems in SSD and non-SSD file systems.</p>
 424
 425 <p>I consider the package a draft, as I am a bit unsure how to best
 426 set up Debian Wheezy with an SSD.  It is adjusted to my use case,
 427 where I set up the machine with one large encrypted partition (in
 428 addition to /boot), put LVM on top of this and set up partitions on
 429 top of this again.  See the README file in the package source for the
 430 references I used to pick the settings.  At the moment these
 431 parameters are tuned:</p>
 432
 433 <ul>
 434
 435 <li>Set up cryptsetup to pass TRIM commands to the physical disk
 436     (adding discard to /etc/crypttab)</li>
 437
 438 <li>Set up LVM to pass on TRIM commands to the underlying device (in
 439     this case a cryptsetup partition) by changing issue_discards from
 440     0 to 1 in /etc/lvm/lvm.conf.</li>
 441
 442 <li>Set relatime as a file system option for ext3 and ext4 file
 443     systems.</li>
 444
 445 <li>Tell swap to use TRIM commands by adding 'discard' to
 446     /etc/fstab.</li>
 447
 448 <li>Change I/O scheduler from cfq to deadline using a udev rule.</li>
 449
 450 <li>Run fstrim on every ext3 and ext4 file system every night (from
 451     cron.daily).</li>
 452
 453 <li>Adjust sysctl values vm.swappiness to 1 and vm.vfs_cache_pressure
 454     to 50 to reduce the kernel eagerness to swap out processes.</li>
 455
 456 </ul>
 457
 458 <p>During installation, I cancelled the part where the installer fill
 459 the disk with random data, as this would kill the SSD performance for
 460 little gain.  My goal with the encrypted file system is to ensure
 461 those stealing my laptop end up with a brick and not a working
 462 computer.  I have no hope in keeping the really resourceful people
 463 from getting the data on the disk (see
 464 <a href="http://xkcd.com/538/">XKCD #538</a> for an explanation why).
 465 Thus I concluded that adding the discard option to crypttab is the
 466 right thing to do.</p>
 467
 468 <p>I considered using the noop I/O scheduler, as several recommended
 469 it for SSD, but others recommended deadline and a benchmark I found
 470 indicated that deadline might be better for interactive use.</p>
 471
 472 <p>I also considered using the 'discard' file system option for ext3
 473 and ext4, but read that it would give a performance hit ever time a
 474 file is removed, and thought it best to that that slowdown once a day
 475 instead of during my work.</p>
 476
 477 <p>My package do not set up tmpfs on /var/run, /var/lock and /tmp, as
 478 this is already done by Debian Edu.</p>
 479
 480 <p>I have not yet started on the user space tuning.  I expect
 481 iceweasel need some tuning, and perhaps other applications too, but
 482 have not yet had time to investigate those parts.</p>
 483
 484 <p>The package should work on Ubuntu too, but I have not yet tested it
 485 there.</p>
 486
 487 <p>As for the answer to the question in the title of this blog post,
 488 as far as I know, the only solution I know about is to replace the
 489 disk.  It might be possible to flash it with Intel firmware instead of
 490 the Lenovo firmware.  But I have not tried and did not want to do so
 491 without approval from Lenovo as I wanted to keep the warranty on the
 492 disk until a solution was found and they wanted the broken disks
 493 back.</p>
 494 </div>
 495       <div class="tags">
 496
 497
 498         Tags: <a href="http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/tags/debian">debian</a>, <a href="http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/tags/english">english</a>.
 499
 500
 501       </div>
 502     </div>
 503     <div class="padding"></div>
 504
 505     <div class="entry">
 506       <div class="title"><a href="http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/Intel_SSD_520_Series_180_GB_with_Lenovo_firmware_still_lock_up_from_sustained_writes.html">Intel SSD 520 Series 180 GB with Lenovo firmware still lock up from sustained writes</a></div>
 507       <div class="date">10th July 2013</div>
 508       <div class="body"><p>A few days ago, I wrote about
 509 <a href="http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/The_Thinkpad_is_dead__long_live_the_Thinkpad_X230_.html">the
 510 problems I experienced with my new X230 and its SSD disk</a>, which
 511 was dying during installation because it is unable to cope with
 512 sustained write.  My supplier is in contact with
 513 <a href="http://www.lenovo.com/">Lenovo</a>, and they wanted to send a
 514 replacement disk to try to fix the problem.  They decided to send an
 515 identical model, so my hopes for a permanent fix was slim.</p>
 516
 517 <p>Anyway, today I got the replacement disk and tried to install
 518 Debian Edu Wheezy with encrypted disk on it.  The new disk have the
 519 same firmware version as the original.  This time my hope raised
 520 slightly as the installation progressed, as the original disk used to
 521 die after 4-7% of the disk was written to, while this time it kept
 522 going past 10%, 20%, 40% and even past 50%.  But around 60%, the disk
 523 died again and I was back on square one.  I still do not have a new
 524 laptop with a disk I can trust.  I can not live with a disk that might
 525 lock up when I download a new
 526 <a href="http://www.skolelinux.org/">Debian Edu / Skolelinux</a> ISO or
 527 other large files.  I look forward to hearing from my supplier with
 528 the next proposal from Lenovo.</p>
 529
 530 <p>The original disk is marked Intel SSD 520 Series 180 GB,
 531 11S0C38722Z1ZNME35X1TR, ISN: CVCV321407HB180EGN, SA: G57560302, FW:
 532 LF1i, 29MAY2013, PBA: G39779-300, LBA 351,651,888, LI P/N: 0C38722,
 533 Pb-free 2LI, LC P/N: 16-200366, WWN: 55CD2E40002756C4, Model:
 534 SSDSC2BW180A3L 2.5" 6Gb/s SATA SSD 180G 5V 1A, ASM P/N 0C38732, FRU
 535 P/N 45N8295, P0C38732.</p>
 536
 537 <p>The replacement disk is marked Intel SSD 520 Series 180 GB,
 538 11S0C38722Z1ZNDE34N0L0, ISN: CVCV315306RK180EGN, SA: G57560-302, FW:
 539 LF1i, 22APR2013, PBA: G39779-300, LBA 351,651,888, LI P/N: 0C38722,
 540 Pb-free 2LI, LC P/N: 16-200366, WWN: 55CD2E40000AB69E, Model:
 541 SSDSC2BW180A3L 2.5" 6Gb/s SATA SSD 180G 5V 1A, ASM P/N 0C38732, FRU
 542 P/N 45N8295, P0C38732.</p>
 543
 544 <p>The only difference is in the first number (serial number?), ISN,
 545 SA, date and WNPP values.  Mentioning all the details here in case
 546 someone is able to use the information to find a way to identify the
 547 failing disk among working ones (if any such working disk actually
 548 exist).</p>
 549 </div>
 550       <div class="tags">
 551
 552
 553         Tags: <a href="http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/tags/debian">debian</a>, <a href="http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/tags/english">english</a>.
 554
 555
 556       </div>
 557     </div>
 558     <div class="padding"></div>
 559
 560     <div class="entry">
 561       <div class="title"><a href="http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/July_13th__Debian_Ubuntu_BSP_and_Skolelinux_Debian_Edu_developer_gathering_in_Oslo.html">July 13th: Debian/Ubuntu BSP and Skolelinux/Debian Edu developer gathering in Oslo</a></div>
 562       <div class="date"> 9th July 2013</div>
 563       <div class="body"><p>The upcoming Saturday, 2013-07-13, we are organising a combined
 564 Debian Edu developer gathering and Debian and Ubuntu bug squashing
 565 party in Oslo.  It is organised by <a href="http://www.nuug.no/">the
 566 member assosiation NUUG</a> and
 567 <a href="http://www.skolelinux.org/">the Debian Edu / Skolelinux
 568 project</a> together with <a href="http://bitraf.no/">the hack space
 569 Bitraf</a>.</p>
 570
 571 <p>It starts 10:00 and continue until late evening.  Everyone is
 572 welcome, and there is no fee to participate.  There is on the other
 573 hand limited space, and only room for 30 people.  Please put your name
 574 on <a href="http://wiki.debian.org/BSP/2013/07/13/no/Oslo">the event
 575 wiki page</a> if you plan to join us.</p>
 576 </div>
 577       <div class="tags">
 578
 579
 580         Tags: <a href="http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/tags/debian">debian</a>, <a href="http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/tags/debian edu">debian edu</a>, <a href="http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/tags/english">english</a>, <a href="http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/tags/nuug">nuug</a>.
 581
 582
 583       </div>
 584     </div>
 585     <div class="padding"></div>
 586
 587     <div class="entry">
 588       <div class="title"><a href="http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/The_Thinkpad_is_dead__long_live_the_Thinkpad_X230_.html">The Thinkpad is dead, long live the Thinkpad X230?</a></div>
 589       <div class="date"> 5th July 2013</div>
 590       <div class="body"><p>Half a year ago, I reported that I had to find a
 591 <a href="http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/Thank_you_Thinkpad_X41__for_your_long_and_trustworthy_service.html">replacement
 592 for my trusty old Thinkpad X41</a>.  Unfortunately I did not have much
 593 time to spend on it, and it took a while to find a model I believe
 594 will do the job, but two days ago the replacement finally arrived.  I
 595 ended up picking a
 596 <a href="http://www.linlap.com/lenovo_thinkpad_x230">Thinkpad X230</a>
 597 with SSD disk (NZDAJMN).  I first test installed Debian Edu Wheezy as
 598 a roaming workstation, and it seemed to work flawlessly.  But my
 599 second installation with encrypted disk was not as successful.  More
 600 on that below.</p>
 601
 602 <p>I had a hard time trying to track down a good laptop, as my most
 603 important requirements (robust and with a good keyboard) are never
 604 listed in the feature list.  But I did get good help from the search
 605 feature at <a href="http://www.prisjakt.no/">Prisjakt</a>, which
 606 allowed me to limit the list of interesting laptops based on my other
 607 requirements.  A bit surprising that SSD disk are not disks according
 608 to that search interface, so I had to drop specifying the number of
 609 disks from my search parameters.  I also asked around among friends to
 610 get their impression on keyboards and robustness.</p>
 611
 612 <p>So the new laptop arrived, and it is quite a lot wider than the
 613 X41.  I am not quite convinced about the keyboard, as it is
 614 significantly wider than my old keyboard, and I have to stretch my
 615 hand a lot more to reach the edges.  But the key response is fairly
 616 good and the individual key shape is fairly easy to handle, so I hope
 617 I will get used to it.  My old X40 was starting to fail, and I really
 618 needed a new laptop now. :)</p>
 619
 620 <p>Turning off the touch pad was simple.  All it took was a quick
 621 visit to the BIOS during boot it disable it.</p>
 622
 623 <p>But there is a fatal problem with the laptop.  The 180 GB SSD disk
 624 lock up during load.  And this happen when installing Debian Wheezy
 625 with encrypted disk, while the disk is being filled with random data.
 626 I also tested to install Ubuntu Raring, and it happen there too if I
 627 reenable the code to fill the disk with random data (it is disabled by
 628 default in Ubuntu).  And the bug with is already known.  It was
 629 reported to Debian as <a href="http://bugs.debian.org/691427">BTS
 630 report #691427 2012-10-25</a> (journal commit I/O error on brand-new
 631 Thinkpad T430s ext4 on lvm on SSD).  It is also reported to the Linux
 632 kernel developers as
 633 <a href="https://bugzilla.kernel.org/show_bug.cgi?id=51861">Kernel bugzilla
 634 report #51861 2012-12-20</a> (Intel SSD 520 stops working under load
 635 (SSDSC2BW180A3L in Lenovo ThinkPad T430s)). It is also reported on the
 636 Lenovo forums, both for
 637 <a href="http://forums.lenovo.com/t5/T400-T500-and-newer-T-series/T430s-Intel-SSD-520-180GB-issue/m-p/1070549">T430
 638 2012-11-10</a> and for
 639 <a href="http://forums.lenovo.com/t5/X-Series-ThinkPad-Laptops/x230-SATA-errors-with-180GB-Intel-520-SSD-under-heavy-write-load/m-p/1068147">X230
 640 03-20-2013</a>.  The problem do not only affect installation.  The
 641 reports state that the disk lock up during use if many writes are done
 642 on the disk, so it is much no use to work around the installation
 643 problem and end up with a computer that can lock up at any moment.
 644 There is even a
 645 <a href="https://git.efficios.com/?p=test-ssd.git">small C program
 646 available</a> that will lock up the hard drive after running a few
 647 minutes by writing to a file.</p>
 648
 649 <p>I've contacted my supplier and asked how to handle this, and after
 650 contacting PCHELP Norway (request 01D1FDP) which handle support
 651 requests for Lenovo, his first suggestion was to upgrade the disk
 652 firmware.  Unfortunately there is no newer firmware available from
 653 Lenovo, as my disk already have the most recent one (version LF1i).  I
 654 hope to hear more from him today and hope the problem can be
 655 fixed. :)</p>
 656 </div>
 657       <div class="tags">
 658
 659
 660         Tags: <a href="http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/tags/debian">debian</a>, <a href="http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/tags/english">english</a>.
 661
 662
 663       </div>
 664     </div>
 665     <div class="padding"></div>
 666
 667     <div class="entry">
 668       <div class="title"><a href="http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/The_Thinkpad_is_dead__long_live_the_Thinkpad_X230.html">The Thinkpad is dead, long live the Thinkpad X230</a></div>
 669       <div class="date"> 4th July 2013</div>
 670       <div class="body"><p>Half a year ago, I reported that I had to find a replacement for my
 671 trusty old Thinkpad X41.  Unfortunately I did not have much time to
 672 spend on it, but today the replacement finally arrived.  I ended up
 673 picking a <a href="http://www.linlap.com/lenovo_thinkpad_x230">Thinkpad
 674 X230</a> with SSD disk (NZDAJMN).  I first test installed Debian Edu
 675 Wheezy as a roaming workstation, and it worked flawlessly.  As I write
 676 this, it is installing what I hope will be a more final installation,
 677 with a encrypted hard drive to ensure any dope head stealing it end up
 678 with an expencive door stop.</p>
 679
 680 <p>I had a hard time trying to track down a good laptop, as my most
 681 important requirements (robust and with a good keyboard) are never
 682 listed in the feature list.  But I did get good help from the search
 683 feature at <ahref="http://www.prisjakt.no/">Prisjakt</a>, which
 684 allowed me to limit the list of interesting laptops based on my other
 685 requirements.  A bit surprising that SSD disk are not disks, so I had
 686 to drop number of disks from my search parameters.</p>
 687
 688 <p>I am not quite convinced about the keyboard, as it is significantly
 689 wider than my old keyboard, and I have to stretch my hand a lot more
 690 to reach the edges.  But the key response is fairly good and the
 691 individual key shape is fairly easy to handle, so I hope I will get
 692 used to it.  My old X40 was starting to fail, and I really needed a
 693 new laptop now. :)</p>
 694
 695 <p>I look forward to figuring out how to turn off the touch pad.</p>
 696 </div>
 697       <div class="tags">
 698
 699
 700         Tags: <a href="http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/tags/debian">debian</a>, <a href="http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/tags/english">english</a>.
 701
 702
 703       </div>
 704     </div>
 705     <div class="padding"></div>
 706
 707     <div class="entry">
 708       <div class="title"><a href="http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/Fourth_alpha_release_of_Debian_Edu_Skolelinux_based_on_Debian_Wheezy.html">Fourth alpha release of Debian Edu/Skolelinux based on Debian Wheezy</a></div>
 709       <div class="date"> 3rd July 2013</div>
 710       <div class="body"><p>The fourth wheezy based alpha release of Debian Edu was wrapped up
 711 today.  This is the release announcement:</p>
 712
 713 <p><strong>New features for Debian Edu 7.1+edu0~alpha3 released
 714 2013-07-03</strong></p>
 715
 716 <p>These are the release notes for for Debian Edu / Skolelinux
 717 7.1+edu0~alpha3, based on Debian with codename "Wheezy".</p>
 718
 719 <p><strong>About Debian Edu and Skolelinux</strong></p>
 720
 721 <p><a href="http://www.skolelinux.org/">Debian Edu, also known as
 722 Skolelinux</a>, is a Linux distribution based on Debian providing an
 723 out-of-the box environment of a completely configured school
 724 network. Immediately after installation a school server running all
 725 services needed for a school network is set up just waiting for users
 726 and machines being added via GOsa², a comfortable Web-UI. A netbooting
 727 environment is prepared using PXE, so after initial installation of
 728 the main server from CD, DVD or USB stick all other machines can be
 729 installed via the network. The provided school server provides LDAP
 730 database and Kerberos authentication service, centralized home
 731 directories, DHCP server, web proxy and many other services. The
 732 desktop contains
 733 <a href="http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/Educational_applications_included_in_Debian_Edu___Skolelinux__the_screenshot_collection____.html">more
 734 than 60 educational software packages</a> and more are available from
 735 the Debian archive, and schools can choose between KDE, Gnome, LXDE
 736 and Xfce desktop environment.</p>
 737
 738 <p>This is the fourth test release based on Debian Wheezy. Basically
 739 this is an updated and slightly improved version compared to the
 740 Squeeze release.</p>
 741
 742 <p><strong>Software updates</strong></p>
 743 <ul>
 744   <li>Dropped ispell dictionaries from our default installation.</li>
 745   <li>Dropped menu-xdg from the KDE desktop option, to drop the Debian
 746     submenu.  It was not included with Gnome, LXDE or Xfce, so this
 747     brings KDE in line with the others.</li>
 748   <li>Dropped xdrawchem, xjig and xsok from our default installation as
 749     they don't have a desktop menu entry and thus won't show up in the
 750     menu now that menu-xdg was removed.</li>
 751   <li>Removed the killer system to kill left behind processes on
 752     multi-user machines, as it was no longer able to understand when a
 753     X display was in use and killed the processes of the active users
 754     too.</li>
 755   <li>Dropped the golearn (from goplay) package as the debtags in wheezy
 756     are too few to make the package useful.</li>
 757 </ul>
 758 <p><strong>Other changes</strong></p>
 759 <ul>
 760   <li>Updated artwork matching http://wiki.debian.org/DebianArt/Themes/Joy
 761   <li>Multi-arch i386/amd64 USB stick ISO available.</li>
 762   <li>Got rid of ispell/wordlist related debconf questions that showed
 763     up for some language options.</li>
 764   <li>Switched to using http.debian.net as APT source by default.</li>
 765   <li>Fixed proxy configuration on Main Server installations.</li>
 766   <li>Changed LTSP setup to ask dpkg to use force-unsafe-io the same way
 767     d-i is doing it.</li>
 768   <li>Made sure root and user passwords were not left behind in the
 769     debconf database after installation on Main Server installations.</li>
 770   <li>Made Roaming Workstation dynamic setup more robust and added draft
 771     script setup-ad-client to hook a Roaming Workstation up to a
 772     Active Directory server instead of a Debian Edu Main Server.</li>
 773   <li>Update system to install needed firmware packages during
 774     installation, to work properly in Wheezy.</li>
 775   <li>Update system to handle hardware quirks (debian-edu-hwsetup).</li>
 776   <li>Corrected PXE installation setup to properly pass selected desktop
 777     and keymap settings to PXE installation clients.</li>
 778   <li>LTSP diskless workstations use sshfs by default, allowing them to
 779     work without adding them to DNS and NIS netgroups for NFS access.</li>
 780 </ul>
 781 <p><strong>Known issues</strong></p>
 782 <ul>
 783   <li>No mass import of user account data in GOsa (ldif or csv)
 784     available yet (698840).</li>
 785   <li>Artwork not enabled for all desktops.</li>
 786 </ul>
 787 <p><strong>Where to get it</strong></p>
 788
 789 <p>To download the multiarch netinstall CD release you can use</p>
 790 <ul>
 791   <li><a href="ftp://ftp.skolelinux.org/skolelinux-cd/wheezy/debian-edu-7.1+edu0~a3-CD.iso">ftp://ftp.skolelinux.org/skolelinux-cd/wheezy/debian-edu-7.1+edu0~a3-CD.iso</a></li>
 792   <li><a href="http://ftp.skolelinux.org/skolelinux-cd/wheezy/debian-edu-7.1+edu0~a3-CD.iso">http://ftp.skolelinux.org/skolelinux-cd/wheezy/debian-edu-7.1+edu0~a3-CD.iso</a></li>
 793   <li>rsync -avzP ftp.skolelinux.org::skolelinux-cd/wheezy/debian-edu-7.1+edu0~a3-CD.iso .</li>
 794 </ul>
 795
 796 <p>The MD5SUM of this image is: 2b161a99d2a848c376d8d04e3854e30c
 797 <br>The SHA1SUM of this image is: 498922e9c508c0a7ee9dbe1dfe5bf830d779c3c8</p>
 798
 799 <p>To download the multiarch USB stick ISO release you can use</p>
 800 <ul>
 801   <li><a href="ftp://ftp.skolelinux.org/skolelinux-cd/wheezy/debian-edu-7.1+edu0~a3-USB.iso">ftp://ftp.skolelinux.org/skolelinux-cd/wheezy/debian-edu-7.1+edu0~a3-USB.iso</a></li>
 802   <li><a href="http://ftp.skolelinux.org/skolelinux-cd/wheezy/debian-edu-7.1+edu0~a3-USB.iso">http://ftp.skolelinux.org/skolelinux-cd/wheezy/debian-edu-7.1+edu0~a3-USB.iso</a></li>
 803   <li>rsync -avzP ftp.skolelinux.org::skolelinux-cd/wheezy/debian-edu-7.1+edu0~a3-USB.iso .</li>
 804 </ul>
 805
 806 <p>The MD5SUM of this image is: 25e808e403a4c15dbef1d13c37d572ac
 807 <br>The SHA1SUM of this image is: 15ecfc93eb6b4f453b7eb0bc04b6a279262d9721</p>
 808
 809 <p><strong>How to report bugs</strong></p>
 810
 811 <p><a href="http://wiki.debian.org/DebianEdu/HowTo/ReportBugs">http://wiki.debian.org/DebianEdu/HowTo/ReportBugs</a></p>
 812 </div>
 813       <div class="tags">
 814
 815
 816         Tags: <a href="http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/tags/debian edu">debian edu</a>, <a href="http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/tags/english">english</a>.
 817
 818
 819       </div>
 820     </div>
 821     <div class="padding"></div>
 822
 823     <p style="text-align: right;"><a href="index.rss"><img src="http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/xml.gif" alt="RSS feed" width="36" height="14" /></a></p>
 824     <div id="sidebar">
 825
 826
 827
 828 <h2>Archive</h2>
 829 <ul>
 830
 831 <li>2013
 832 <ul>
 833
 834 <li><a href="http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/archive/2013/01/">January (11)</a></li>
 835
 836 <li><a href="http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/archive/2013/02/">February (9)</a></li>
 837
 838 <li><a href="http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/archive/2013/03/">March (9)</a></li>
 839
 840 <li><a href="http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/archive/2013/04/">April (6)</a></li>
 841
 842 <li><a href="http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/archive/2013/05/">May (9)</a></li>
 843
 844 <li><a href="http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/archive/2013/06/">June (10)</a></li>
 845
 846 <li><a href="http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/archive/2013/07/">July (7)</a></li>
 847
 848 <li><a href="http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/archive/2013/08/">August (3)</a></li>
 849
 850 </ul></li>
 851
 852 <li>2012
 853 <ul>
 854
 855 <li><a href="http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/archive/2012/01/">January (7)</a></li>
 856
 857 <li><a href="http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/archive/2012/02/">February (10)</a></li>
 858
 859 <li><a href="http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/archive/2012/03/">March (17)</a></li>
 860
 861 <li><a href="http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/archive/2012/04/">April (12)</a></li>
 862
 863 <li><a href="http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/archive/2012/05/">May (12)</a></li>
 864
 865 <li><a href="http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/archive/2012/06/">June (20)</a></li>
 866
 867 <li><a href="http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/archive/2012/07/">July (17)</a></li>
 868
 869 <li><a href="http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/archive/2012/08/">August (6)</a></li>
 870
 871 <li><a href="http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/archive/2012/09/">September (9)</a></li>
 872
 873 <li><a href="http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/archive/2012/10/">October (17)</a></li>
 874
 875 <li><a href="http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/archive/2012/11/">November (10)</a></li>
 876
 877 <li><a href="http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/archive/2012/12/">December (7)</a></li>
 878
 879 </ul></li>
 880
 881 <li>2011
 882 <ul>
 883
 884 <li><a href="http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/archive/2011/01/">January (16)</a></li>
 885
 886 <li><a href="http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/archive/2011/02/">February (6)</a></li>
 887
 888 <li><a href="http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/archive/2011/03/">March (6)</a></li>
 889
 890 <li><a href="http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/archive/2011/04/">April (7)</a></li>
 891
 892 <li><a href="http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/archive/2011/05/">May (3)</a></li>
 893
 894 <li><a href="http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/archive/2011/06/">June (2)</a></li>
 895
 896 <li><a href="http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/archive/2011/07/">July (7)</a></li>
 897
 898 <li><a href="http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/archive/2011/08/">August (6)</a></li>
 899
 900 <li><a href="http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/archive/2011/09/">September (4)</a></li>
 901
 902 <li><a href="http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/archive/2011/10/">October (2)</a></li>
 903
 904 <li><a href="http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/archive/2011/11/">November (3)</a></li>
 905
 906 <li><a href="http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/archive/2011/12/">December (1)</a></li>
 907
 908 </ul></li>
 909
 910 <li>2010
 911 <ul>
 912
 913 <li><a href="http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/archive/2010/01/">January (2)</a></li>
 914
 915 <li><a href="http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/archive/2010/02/">February (1)</a></li>
 916
 917 <li><a href="http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/archive/2010/03/">March (3)</a></li>
 918
 919 <li><a href="http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/archive/2010/04/">April (3)</a></li>
 920
 921 <li><a href="http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/archive/2010/05/">May (9)</a></li>
 922
 923 <li><a href="http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/archive/2010/06/">June (14)</a></li>
 924
 925 <li><a href="http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/archive/2010/07/">July (12)</a></li>
 926
 927 <li><a href="http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/archive/2010/08/">August (13)</a></li>
 928
 929 <li><a href="http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/archive/2010/09/">September (7)</a></li>
 930
 931 <li><a href="http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/archive/2010/10/">October (9)</a></li>
 932
 933 <li><a href="http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/archive/2010/11/">November (13)</a></li>
 934
 935 <li><a href="http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/archive/2010/12/">December (12)</a></li>
 936
 937 </ul></li>
 938
 939 <li>2009
 940 <ul>
 941
 942 <li><a href="http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/archive/2009/01/">January (8)</a></li>
 943
 944 <li><a href="http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/archive/2009/02/">February (8)</a></li>
 945
 946 <li><a href="http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/archive/2009/03/">March (12)</a></li>
 947
 948 <li><a href="http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/archive/2009/04/">April (10)</a></li>
 949
 950 <li><a href="http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/archive/2009/05/">May (9)</a></li>
 951
 952 <li><a href="http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/archive/2009/06/">June (3)</a></li>
 953
 954 <li><a href="http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/archive/2009/07/">July (4)</a></li>
 955
 956 <li><a href="http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/archive/2009/08/">August (3)</a></li>
 957
 958 <li><a href="http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/archive/2009/09/">September (1)</a></li>
 959
 960 <li><a href="http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/archive/2009/10/">October (2)</a></li>
 961
 962 <li><a href="http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/archive/2009/11/">November (3)</a></li>
 963
 964 <li><a href="http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/archive/2009/12/">December (3)</a></li>
 965
 966 </ul></li>
 967
 968 <li>2008
 969 <ul>
 970
 971 <li><a href="http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/archive/2008/11/">November (5)</a></li>
 972
 973 <li><a href="http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/archive/2008/12/">December (7)</a></li>
 974
 975 </ul></li>
 976
 977 </ul>
 978
 979
 980
 981 <h2>Tags</h2>
 982 <ul>
 983
 984  <li><a href="http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/tags/3d-printer">3d-printer (13)</a></li>
 985
 986  <li><a href="http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/tags/amiga">amiga (1)</a></li>
 987
 988  <li><a href="http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/tags/aros">aros (1)</a></li>
 989
 990  <li><a href="http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/tags/bankid">bankid (4)</a></li>
 991
 992  <li><a href="http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/tags/bitcoin">bitcoin (7)</a></li>
 993
 994  <li><a href="http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/tags/bootsystem">bootsystem (12)</a></li>
 995
 996  <li><a href="http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/tags/bsa">bsa (2)</a></li>
 997
 998  <li><a href="http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/tags/debian">debian (84)</a></li>
 999
1000  <li><a href="http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/tags/debian edu">debian edu (139)</a></li>
1001
1002  <li><a href="http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/tags/digistan">digistan (10)</a></li>
1003
1004  <li><a href="http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/tags/docbook">docbook (10)</a></li>
1005
1006  <li><a href="http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/tags/drivstoffpriser">drivstoffpriser (4)</a></li>
1007
1008  <li><a href="http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/tags/english">english (213)</a></li>
1009
1010  <li><a href="http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/tags/fiksgatami">fiksgatami (21)</a></li>
1011
1012  <li><a href="http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/tags/fildeling">fildeling (12)</a></li>
1013
1014  <li><a href="http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/tags/freeculture">freeculture (12)</a></li>
1015
1016  <li><a href="http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/tags/frikanalen">frikanalen (11)</a></li>
1017
1018  <li><a href="http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/tags/intervju">intervju (37)</a></li>
1019
1020  <li><a href="http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/tags/isenkram">isenkram (7)</a></li>
1021
1022  <li><a href="http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/tags/kart">kart (18)</a></li>
1023
1024  <li><a href="http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/tags/ldap">ldap (8)</a></li>
1025
1026  <li><a href="http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/tags/lenker">lenker (6)</a></li>
1027
1028  <li><a href="http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/tags/ltsp">ltsp (1)</a></li>
1029
1030  <li><a href="http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/tags/multimedia">multimedia (25)</a></li>
1031
1032  <li><a href="http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/tags/norsk">norsk (234)</a></li>
1033
1034  <li><a href="http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/tags/nuug">nuug (153)</a></li>
1035
1036  <li><a href="http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/tags/offentlig innsyn">offentlig innsyn (8)</a></li>
1037
1038  <li><a href="http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/tags/open311">open311 (2)</a></li>
1039
1040  <li><a href="http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/tags/opphavsrett">opphavsrett (44)</a></li>
1041
1042  <li><a href="http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/tags/personvern">personvern (65)</a></li>
1043
1044  <li><a href="http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/tags/raid">raid (1)</a></li>
1045
1046  <li><a href="http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/tags/reprap">reprap (11)</a></li>
1047
1048  <li><a href="http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/tags/rfid">rfid (2)</a></li>
1049
1050  <li><a href="http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/tags/robot">robot (7)</a></li>
1051
1052  <li><a href="http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/tags/rss">rss (1)</a></li>
1053
1054  <li><a href="http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/tags/ruter">ruter (4)</a></li>
1055
1056  <li><a href="http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/tags/scraperwiki">scraperwiki (2)</a></li>
1057
1058  <li><a href="http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/tags/sikkerhet">sikkerhet (29)</a></li>
1059
1060  <li><a href="http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/tags/sitesummary">sitesummary (4)</a></li>
1061
1062  <li><a href="http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/tags/skepsis">skepsis (4)</a></li>
1063
1064  <li><a href="http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/tags/standard">standard (43)</a></li>
1065
1066  <li><a href="http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/tags/stavekontroll">stavekontroll (3)</a></li>
1067
1068  <li><a href="http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/tags/stortinget">stortinget (7)</a></li>
1069
1070  <li><a href="http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/tags/surveillance">surveillance (15)</a></li>
1071
1072  <li><a href="http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/tags/sysadmin">sysadmin (1)</a></li>
1073
1074  <li><a href="http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/tags/valg">valg (7)</a></li>
1075
1076  <li><a href="http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/tags/video">video (38)</a></li>
1077
1078  <li><a href="http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/tags/vitenskap">vitenskap (4)</a></li>
1079
1080  <li><a href="http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/tags/web">web (26)</a></li>
1081
1082 </ul>
1083
1084
1085     </div>
1086     <p style="text-align: right">
1087  Created by <a href="http://steve.org.uk/Software/chronicle">Chronicle v4.6</a>
1088 </p>
1089
1090   </body>
1091 </html>