1 <?xml version=
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2 <rss version='
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4 <title>Petter Reinholdtsen
</title>
5 <description></description>
6 <link>http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/
</link>
7 <atom:link href=
"http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/index.rss" rel=
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"application/rss+xml" />
10 <title>Kommentarer til «Evaluation of (il)legality» for Popcorn Time
</title>
11 <link>http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/Kommentarer_til__Evaluation_of__il_legality__for_Popcorn_Time.html
</link>
12 <guid isPermaLink=
"true">http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/Kommentarer_til__Evaluation_of__il_legality__for_Popcorn_Time.html
</guid>
13 <pubDate>Wed,
20 Dec
2017 11:
40:
00 +
0100</pubDate>
14 <description><p
>I går var jeg i Follo tingrett som sakkyndig vitne og presenterte
15 mine undersøkelser rundt
16 <a href=
"https://github.com/petterreinholdtsen/public-domain-free-imdb
">telling
17 av filmverk i det fri
</a
>, relatert til
18 <a href=
"https://www.nuug.no/
">foreningen NUUG
</a
>s involvering i
19 <a href=
"https://www.nuug.no/news/tags/dns-domenebeslag/
">saken om
20 Økokrims beslag og senere inndragning av DNS-domenet
21 popcorn-time.no
</a
>. Jeg snakket om flere ting, men mest om min
22 vurdering av hvordan filmbransjen har målt hvor ulovlig Popcorn Time
23 er. Filmbransjens måling er så vidt jeg kan se videreformidlet uten
24 endringer av norsk politi, og domstolene har lagt målingen til grunn
25 når de har vurdert Popcorn Time både i Norge og i utlandet (tallet
26 99% er referert også i utenlandske domsavgjørelser).
</p
>
28 <p
>I forkant av mitt vitnemål skrev jeg et notat, mest til meg selv,
29 med de punktene jeg ønsket å få frem. Her er en kopi av notatet jeg
30 skrev og ga til aktoratet. Merkelig nok ville ikke dommerene ha
31 notatet, så hvis jeg forsto rettsprosessen riktig ble kun
32 histogram-grafen lagt inn i dokumentasjonen i saken. Dommerne var
33 visst bare interessert i å forholde seg til det jeg sa i retten,
34 ikke det jeg hadde skrevet i forkant. Uansett så antar jeg at flere
35 enn meg kan ha glede av teksten, og publiserer den derfor her.
36 Legger ved avskrift av dokument
09,
13, som er det sentrale
37 dokumentet jeg kommenterer.
</p
>
39 <p
><strong
>Kommentarer til «Evaluation of (il)legality» for Popcorn
40 Time
</strong
></p
>
42 <p
><strong
>Oppsummering
</strong
></p
>
44 <p
>Målemetoden som Økokrim har lagt til grunn når de påstår at
99% av
45 filmene tilgjengelig fra Popcorn Time deles ulovlig har
48 <p
>De eller den som har vurdert hvorvidt filmer kan lovlig deles har
49 ikke lyktes med å identifisere filmer som kan deles lovlig og har
50 tilsynelatende antatt at kun veldig gamle filmer kan deles lovlig.
51 Økokrim legger til grunn at det bare finnes èn film, Charlie
52 Chaplin-filmen «The Circus» fra
1928, som kan deles fritt blant de
53 som ble observert tilgjengelig via ulike Popcorn Time-varianter.
54 Jeg finner tre flere blant de observerte filmene: «The Brain That
55 Wouldn
't Die» fra
1962, «God’s Little Acre» fra
1958 og «She Wore a
56 Yellow Ribbon» fra
1949. Det er godt mulig det finnes flere. Det
57 finnes dermed minst fire ganger så mange filmer som lovlig kan deles
58 på Internett i datasettet Økokrim har lagt til grunn når det påstås
59 at mindre enn
1 % kan deles lovlig.
</p
>
61 <p
>Dernest, utplukket som gjøres ved søk på tilfeldige ord hentet fra
62 ordlisten til Dale-Chall avviker fra årsfordelingen til de brukte
63 filmkatalogene som helhet, hvilket påvirker fordelingen mellom
64 filmer som kan lovlig deles og filmer som ikke kan lovlig deles. I
65 tillegg gir valg av øvre del (de fem første) av søkeresultatene et
66 avvik fra riktig årsfordeling, hvilket påvirker fordelingen av verk
67 i det fri i søkeresultatet.
</p
>
69 <p
>Det som måles er ikke (u)lovligheten knyttet til bruken av Popcorn
70 Time, men (u)lovligheten til innholdet i bittorrent-filmkataloger
71 som vedlikeholdes uavhengig av Popcorn Time.
</p
>
73 <p
>Omtalte dokumenter:
09,
12,
<a href=
"#dok-
09-
13">09,
13</a
>,
09,
14,
74 09,
18,
09,
19,
09,
20.
</p
>
76 <p
><strong
>Utfyllende kommentarer
</strong
></p
>
78 <p
>Økokrim har forklart domstolene at minst
99% av alt som er
79 tilgjengelig fra ulike Popcorn Time-varianter deles ulovlig på
80 Internet. Jeg ble nysgjerrig på hvordan de er kommet frem til dette
81 tallet, og dette notatet er en samling kommentarer rundt målingen
82 Økokrim henviser til. Litt av bakgrunnen for at jeg valgte å se på
83 saken er at jeg er interessert i å identifisere og telle hvor mange
84 kunstneriske verk som er falt i det fri eller av andre grunner kan
85 lovlig deles på Internett, og dermed var interessert i hvordan en
86 hadde funnet den ene prosenten som kanskje deles lovlig.
</p
>
88 <p
>Andelen på
99% kommer fra et ukreditert og udatert notatet som tar
89 mål av seg å dokumentere en metode for å måle hvor (u)lovlig ulike
90 Popcorn Time-varianter er.
</p
>
92 <p
>Raskt oppsummert, så forteller metodedokumentet at på grunn av at
93 det ikke er mulig å få tak i komplett liste over alle filmtitler
94 tilgjengelig via Popcorn Time, så lages noe som skal være et
95 representativt utvalg ved å velge
50 søkeord større enn tre tegn fra
96 ordlisten kjent som Dale-Chall. For hvert søkeord gjøres et søk og
97 de første fem filmene i søkeresultatet samles inn inntil
100 unike
98 filmtitler er funnet. Hvis
50 søkeord ikke var tilstrekkelig for å
99 nå
100 unike filmtitler ble flere filmer fra hvert søkeresultat lagt
100 til. Hvis dette heller ikke var tilstrekkelig, så ble det hentet ut
101 og søkt på flere tilfeldig valgte søkeord inntil
100 unike
102 filmtitler var identifisert.
</p
>
104 <p
>Deretter ble for hver av filmtitlene «vurdert hvorvidt det var
105 rimelig å forvente om at verket var vernet av copyright, ved å se på
106 om filmen var tilgjengelig i IMDB, samt se på regissør,
107 utgivelsesår, når det var utgitt for bestemte markedsområder samt
108 hvilke produksjons- og distribusjonsselskap som var registrert» (min
109 oversettelse).
</p
>
111 <p
>Metoden er gjengitt både i de ukrediterte dokumentene
09,
13 og
112 09,
19, samt beskrevet fra side
47 i dokument
09,
20, lysark datert
113 2017-
02-
01. Sistnevnte er kreditert Geerart Bourlon fra Motion
114 Picture Association EMEA. Metoden virker å ha flere svakheter som
115 gir resultatene en slagside. Den starter med å slå fast at det ikke
116 er mulig å hente ut en komplett liste over alle filmtitler som er
117 tilgjengelig, og at dette er bakgrunnen for metodevalget. Denne
118 forutsetningen er ikke i tråd med det som står i dokument
09,
12, som
119 ikke heller har oppgitt forfatter og dato. Dokument
09,
12 forteller
120 hvordan hele kataloginnholdet ble lasted ned og talt opp. Dokument
121 09,
12 er muligens samme rapport som ble referert til i dom fra Oslo
123 (
<a href=
"https://www.domstol.no/no/Enkelt-domstol/Oslo--tingrett/Nyheter/ma-sperre-for-popcorn-time/
">sak
124 17-
093347TVI-OTIR/
05</a
>) som rapport av
1. juni
2017 av Alexander
125 Kind Petersen, men jeg har ikke sammenlignet dokumentene ord for ord
126 for å kontrollere dette.
</p
>
128 <p
>IMDB er en forkortelse for The Internet Movie Database, en
129 anerkjent kommersiell nettjeneste som brukes aktivt av både
130 filmbransjen og andre til å holde rede på hvilke spillefilmer (og
131 endel andre filmer) som finnes eller er under produksjon, og
132 informasjon om disse filmene. Datakvaliteten er høy, med få feil og
133 få filmer som mangler. IMDB viser ikke informasjon om
134 opphavsrettslig status for filmene på infosiden for hver film. Som
135 del av IMDB-tjenesten finnes det lister med filmer laget av
136 frivillige som lister opp det som antas å være verk i det fri.
</p
>
138 <p
>Det finnes flere kilder som kan brukes til å finne filmer som er
139 allemannseie (public domain) eller har bruksvilkår som gjør det
140 lovlig for alleå dele dem på Internett. Jeg har de siste ukene
141 forsøkt å samle og krysskoble disse listene for å forsøke å telle
142 antall filmer i det fri. Ved å ta utgangspunkt i slike lister (og
143 publiserte filmer for Internett-arkivets del), har jeg så langt
144 klart å identifisere over
11 000 filmer, hovedsaklig spillefilmer.
146 <p
>De aller fleste oppføringene er hentet fra IMDB selv, basert på det
147 faktum at alle filmer laget i USA før
1923 er falt i det fri.
148 Tilsvarende tidsgrense for Storbritannia er
1912-
07-
01, men dette
149 utgjør bare veldig liten del av spillefilmene i IMDB (
19 totalt).
150 En annen stor andel kommer fra Internett-arkivet, der jeg har
151 identifisert filmer med referanse til IMDB. Internett-arkivet, som
152 holder til i USA, har som
153 <a href=
"https://archive.org/about/terms.php
">policy å kun publisere
154 filmer som det er lovlig å distribuere
</a
>. Jeg har under arbeidet
155 kommet over flere filmer som har blitt fjernet fra
156 Internett-arkivet, hvilket gjør at jeg konkluderer med at folkene
157 som kontrollerer Internett-arkivet har et aktivt forhold til å kun
158 ha lovlig innhold der, selv om det i stor grad er drevet av
159 frivillige. En annen stor liste med filmer kommer fra det
160 kommersielle selskapet Retro Film Vault, som selger allemannseide
161 filmer til TV- og filmbransjen, Jeg har også benyttet meg av lister
162 over filmer som hevdes å være allemannseie, det være seg Public
163 Domain Review, Public Domain Torrents og Public Domain Movies (.net
164 og .info), samt lister over filmer med Creative Commons-lisensiering
165 fra Wikipedia, VODO og The Hill Productions. Jeg har gjort endel
166 stikkontroll ved å vurdere filmer som kun omtales på en liste. Der
167 jeg har funnet feil som har gjort meg i tvil om vurderingen til de
168 som har laget listen har jeg forkastet listen fullstendig (gjelder
169 en liste fra IMDB).
</p
>
171 <p
>Ved å ta utgangspunkt i verk som kan antas å være lovlig delt på
172 Internett (fra blant annet Internett-arkivet, Public Domain
173 Torrents, Public Domain Reivew og Public Domain Movies), og knytte
174 dem til oppføringer i IMDB, så har jeg så langt klart å identifisere
175 over
11 000 filmer (hovedsaklig spillefilmer) det er grunn til å tro
176 kan lovlig distribueres av alle på Internett. Som ekstra kilder er
177 det brukt lister over filmer som antas/påstås å være allemannseie.
178 Disse kildene kommer fra miljøer som jobber for å gjøre tilgjengelig
179 for almennheten alle verk som er falt i det fri eller har
180 bruksvilkår som tillater deling.
182 <p
>I tillegg til de over
11 000 filmene der tittel-ID i IMDB er
183 identifisert, har jeg funnet mer enn
20 000 oppføringer der jeg ennå
184 ikke har hatt kapasitet til å spore opp tittel-ID i IMDB. Noen av
185 disse er nok duplikater av de IMDB-oppføringene som er identifisert
186 så langt, men neppe alle. Retro Film Vault hevder å ha
44 000
187 filmverk i det fri i sin katalog, så det er mulig at det reelle
188 tallet er betydelig høyere enn de jeg har klart å identifisere så
189 langt. Konklusjonen er at tallet
11 000 er nedre grense for hvor
190 mange filmer i IMDB som kan lovlig deles på Internett. I følge
<a
191 href=
"http://www.imdb.com/stats
">statistikk fra IMDB
</a
> er det
4.6
192 millioner titler registrert, hvorav
3 millioner er TV-serieepisoder.
193 Jeg har ikke funnet ut hvordan de fordeler seg per år.
</p
>
195 <p
>Hvis en fordeler på år alle tittel-IDene i IMDB som hevdes å lovlig
196 kunne deles på Internett, får en følgende histogram:
</p
>
198 <p align=
"center
"><img width=
"80%
" src=
"http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/images/
2017-
12-
20-histogram-year.png
"></p
>
200 <p
>En kan i histogrammet se at effekten av manglende registrering
201 eller fornying av registrering er at mange filmer gitt ut i USA før
202 1978 er allemannseie i dag. I tillegg kan en se at det finnes flere
203 filmer gitt ut de siste årene med bruksvilkår som tillater deling,
204 muligens på grunn av fremveksten av
205 <a href=
"https://creativecommons.org/
">Creative
206 Commons
</a
>-bevegelsen..
</p
>
208 <p
>For maskinell analyse av katalogene har jeg laget et lite program
209 som kobler seg til bittorrent-katalogene som brukes av ulike Popcorn
210 Time-varianter og laster ned komplett liste over filmer i
211 katalogene, noe som bekrefter at det er mulig å hente ned komplett
212 liste med alle filmtitler som er tilgjengelig. Jeg har sett på fire
213 bittorrent-kataloger. Den ene brukes av klienten tilgjengelig fra
214 www.popcorntime.sh og er navngitt
'sh
' i dette dokumentet. Den
215 andre brukes i følge dokument
09,
12 av klienten tilgjengelig fra
216 popcorntime.ag og popcorntime.sh og er navngitt
'yts
' i dette
217 dokumentet. Den tredje brukes av websidene tilgjengelig fra
218 popcorntime-online.tv og er navngitt
'apidomain
' i dette dokumentet.
219 Den fjerde brukes av klienten tilgjenglig fra popcorn-time.to i
220 følge dokument
09,
12, og er navngitt
'ukrfnlge
' i dette
221 dokumentet.
</p
>
223 <p
>Metoden Økokrim legger til grunn skriver i sitt punkt fire at
224 skjønn er en egnet metode for å finne ut om en film kan lovlig deles
225 på Internett eller ikke, og sier at det ble «vurdert hvorvidt det
226 var rimelig å forvente om at verket var vernet av copyright». For
227 det første er det ikke nok å slå fast om en film er «vernet av
228 copyright» for å vite om det er lovlig å dele den på Internett eller
229 ikke, da det finnes flere filmer med opphavsrettslige bruksvilkår
230 som tillater deling på Internett. Eksempler på dette er Creative
231 Commons-lisensierte filmer som Citizenfour fra
2014 og Sintel fra
232 2010. I tillegg til slike finnes det flere filmer som nå er
233 allemannseie (public domain) på grunn av manglende registrering
234 eller fornying av registrering selv om både regisør,
235 produksjonsselskap og distributør ønsker seg vern. Eksempler på
236 dette er Plan
9 from Outer Space fra
1959 og Night of the Living
237 Dead fra
1968. Alle filmer fra USA som var allemannseie før
238 1989-
03-
01 forble i det fri da Bern-konvensjonen, som tok effekt i
239 USA på det tidspunktet, ikke ble gitt tilbakevirkende kraft. Hvis
241 <a href=
"http://www.latimes.com/local/lanow/la-me-ln-happy-birthday-song-lawsuit-decision-
20150922-story.html
">historien
242 om sangen «Happy birthday»
</a
> forteller oss, der betaling for bruk
243 har vært krevd inn i flere tiår selv om sangen ikke egentlig var
244 vernet av åndsverksloven, så er det at hvert enkelt verk må vurderes
245 nøye og i detalj før en kan slå fast om verket er allemannseie eller
246 ikke, det holder ikke å tro på selverklærte rettighetshavere. Flere
247 eksempel på verk i det fri som feilklassifiseres som vernet er fra
248 dokument
09,
18, som lister opp søkeresultater for klienten omtalt
249 som popcorntime.sh og i følge notatet kun inneholder en film (The
250 Circus fra
1928) som under tvil kan antas å være allemannseie.
</p
>
252 <p
>Ved rask gjennomlesning av dokument
09,
18, som inneholder
253 skjermbilder fra bruk av en Popcorn Time-variant, fant jeg omtalt
254 både filmen «The Brain That Wouldn
't Die» fra
1962 som er
255 <a href=
"https://archive.org/details/brain_that_wouldnt_die
">tilgjengelig
256 fra Internett-arkivet
</a
> og som
257 <a href=
"https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/List_of_films_in_the_public_domain_in_the_United_States
">i
258 følge Wikipedia er allemannseie i USA
</a
> da den ble gitt ut i
259 1962 uten
'copyright
'-merking, og filmen «God’s Little Acre» fra
260 1958 <a href=
"https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/God%
27s_Little_Acre_%
28film%
29">som
261 er lagt ut på Wikipedia
</a
>, der det fortelles at
262 sort/hvit-utgaven er allemannseie. Det fremgår ikke fra dokument
263 09,
18 om filmen omtalt der er sort/hvit-utgaven. Av
264 kapasitetsårsaker og på grunn av at filmoversikten i dokument
09,
18
265 ikke er maskinlesbart har jeg ikke forsøkt å sjekke alle filmene som
266 listes opp der om mot liste med filmer som er antatt lovlig kan
267 distribueres på Internet.
</p
>
269 <p
>Ved maskinell gjennomgang av listen med IMDB-referanser under
270 regnearkfanen
'Unique titles
' i dokument
09.14, fant jeg i tillegg
271 filmen «She Wore a Yellow Ribbon» fra
1949) som nok også er
272 feilklassifisert. Filmen «She Wore a Yellow Ribbon» er tilgjengelig
273 fra Internett-arkivet og markert som allemannseie der. Det virker
274 dermed å være minst fire ganger så mange filmer som kan lovlig deles
275 på Internett enn det som er lagt til grunn når en påstår at minst
276 99% av innholdet er ulovlig. Jeg ser ikke bort fra at nærmere
277 undersøkelser kan avdekke flere. Poenget er uansett at metodens
278 punkt om «rimelig å forvente om at verket var vernet av copyright»
279 gjør metoden upålitelig.
</p
>
281 <p
>Den omtalte målemetoden velger ut tilfeldige søketermer fra
282 ordlisten Dale-Chall. Den ordlisten inneholder
3000 enkle engelske
283 som fjerdeklassinger i USA er forventet å forstå. Det fremgår ikke
284 hvorfor akkurat denne ordlisten er valgt, og det er uklart for meg
285 om den er egnet til å få et representativt utvalg av filmer. Mange
286 av ordene gir tomt søkeresultat. Ved å simulerte tilsvarende søk
287 ser jeg store avvik fra fordelingen i katalogen for enkeltmålinger.
288 Dette antyder at enkeltmålinger av
100 filmer slik målemetoden
289 beskriver er gjort, ikke er velegnet til å finne andel ulovlig
290 innhold i bittorrent-katalogene.
</p
>
292 <p
>En kan motvirke dette store avviket for enkeltmålinger ved å gjøre
293 mange søk og slå sammen resultatet. Jeg har testet ved å
294 gjennomføre
100 enkeltmålinger (dvs. måling av (
100x100=)
10 000
295 tilfeldig valgte filmer) som gir mindre, men fortsatt betydelig
296 avvik, i forhold til telling av filmer pr år i hele katalogen.
</p
>
298 <p
>Målemetoden henter ut de fem øverste i søkeresultatet.
299 Søkeresultatene er sortert på antall bittorrent-klienter registrert
300 som delere i katalogene, hvilket kan gi en slagside mot hvilke
301 filmer som er populære blant de som bruker bittorrent-katalogene,
302 uten at det forteller noe om hvilket innhold som er tilgjengelig
303 eller hvilket innhold som deles med Popcorn Time-klienter. Jeg har
304 forsøkt å måle hvor stor en slik slagside eventuelt er ved å
305 sammenligne fordelingen hvis en tar de
5 nederste i søkeresultatet i
306 stedet. Avviket for disse to metodene for endel kataloger er godt
307 synlig på histogramet. Her er histogram over filmer funnet i den
308 komplette katalogen (grønn strek), og filmer funnet ved søk etter
309 ord i Dale-Chall. Grafer merket
'top
' henter fra de
5 første i
310 søkeresultatet, mens de merket
'bottom
' henter fra de
5 siste. En
311 kan her se at resultatene påvirkes betydelig av hvorvidt en ser på
312 de første eller de siste filmene i et søketreff.
</p
>
314 <p align=
"center
">
315 <img width=
"40%
" src=
"http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/images/
2017-
12-
20-histogram-year-sh-top.png
"/
>
316 <img width=
"40%
" src=
"http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/images/
2017-
12-
20-histogram-year-sh-bottom.png
"/
>
318 <img width=
"40%
" src=
"http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/images/
2017-
12-
20-histogram-year-yts-top.png
"/
>
319 <img width=
"40%
" src=
"http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/images/
2017-
12-
20-histogram-year-yts-bottom.png
"/
>
321 <img width=
"40%
" src=
"http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/images/
2017-
12-
20-histogram-year-ukrfnlge-top.png
"/
>
322 <img width=
"40%
" src=
"http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/images/
2017-
12-
20-histogram-year-ukrfnlge-bottom.png
"/
>
324 <img width=
"40%
" src=
"http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/images/
2017-
12-
20-histogram-year-apidomain-top.png
"/
>
325 <img width=
"40%
" src=
"http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/images/
2017-
12-
20-histogram-year-apidomain-bottom.png
"/
>
328 <p
>Det er verdt å bemerke at de omtalte bittorrent-katalogene ikke er
329 laget for bruk med Popcorn Time. Eksempelvis tilhører katalogen
330 YTS, som brukes av klientet som ble lastes ned fra popcorntime.sh,
331 et selvstendig fildelings-relatert nettsted YTS.AG med et separat
332 brukermiljø. Målemetoden foreslått av Økokrim måler dermed ikke
333 (u)lovligheten rundt bruken av Popcorn Time, men (u)lovligheten til
334 innholdet i disse katalogene.
</p
>
338 <p id=
"dok-
09-
13">Metoden fra Økokrims dokument
09,
13 i straffesaken
339 om DNS-beslag.
</p
>
341 <p
><strong
>1. Evaluation of (il)legality
</strong
></p
>
343 <p
><strong
>1.1. Methodology
</strong
>
345 <p
>Due to its technical configuration, Popcorn Time applications don
't
346 allow to make a full list of all titles made available. In order to
347 evaluate the level of illegal operation of PCT, the following
348 methodology was applied:
</p
>
352 <li
>A random selection of
50 keywords, greater than
3 letters, was
353 made from the Dale-Chall list that contains
3000 simple English
354 words1. The selection was made by using a Random Number
355 Generator2.
</li
>
357 <li
>For each keyword, starting with the first randomly selected
358 keyword, a search query was conducted in the movie section of the
359 respective Popcorn Time application. For each keyword, the first
360 five results were added to the title list until the number of
100
361 unique titles was reached (duplicates were removed).
</li
>
363 <li
>For one fork, .CH, insufficient titles were generated via this
364 approach to reach
100 titles. This was solved by adding any
365 additional query results above five for each of the
50 keywords.
366 Since this still was not enough, another
42 random keywords were
367 selected to finally reach
100 titles.
</li
>
369 <li
>It was verified whether or not there is a reasonable expectation
370 that the work is copyrighted by checking if they are available on
371 IMDb, also verifying the director, the year when the title was
372 released, the release date for a certain market, the production
373 company/ies of the title and the distribution company/ies.
</li
>
377 <p
><strong
>1.2. Results
</strong
></p
>
379 <p
>Between
6 and
9 June
2016, four forks of Popcorn Time were
380 investigated: popcorn-time.to, popcorntime.ag, popcorntime.sh and
381 popcorntime.ch. An excel sheet with the results is included in
382 Appendix
1. Screenshots were secured in separate Appendixes for each
383 respective fork, see Appendix
2-
5.
</p
>
385 <p
>For each fork, out of
100, de-duplicated titles it was possible to
386 retrieve data according to the parameters set out above that indicate
387 that the title is commercially available. Per fork, there was
1 title
388 that presumably falls within the public domain, i.e. the
1928 movie
389 "The Circus
" by and with Charles Chaplin.
</p
>
391 <p
>Based on the above it is reasonable to assume that
99% of the movie
392 content of each fork is copyright protected and is made available
395 <p
>This exercise was not repeated for TV series, but considering that
396 besides production companies and distribution companies also
397 broadcasters may have relevant rights, it is reasonable to assume that
398 at least a similar level of infringement will be established.
</p
>
400 <p
>Based on the above it is reasonable to assume that
99% of all the
401 content of each fork is copyright protected and are made available
407 <title>Cura, the nice
3D print slicer, is now in Debian Unstable
</title>
408 <link>http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/Cura__the_nice_3D_print_slicer__is_now_in_Debian_Unstable.html
</link>
409 <guid isPermaLink=
"true">http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/Cura__the_nice_3D_print_slicer__is_now_in_Debian_Unstable.html
</guid>
410 <pubDate>Sun,
17 Dec
2017 07:
00:
00 +
0100</pubDate>
411 <description><p
>After several months of working and waiting, I am happy to report
412 that the nice and user friendly
3D printer slicer software Cura just
413 entered Debian Unstable. It consist of five packages,
414 <a href=
"https://tracker.debian.org/pkg/cura
">cura
</a
>,
415 <a href=
"https://tracker.debian.org/pkg/cura-engine
">cura-engine
</a
>,
416 <a href=
"https://tracker.debian.org/pkg/libarcus
">libarcus
</a
>,
417 <a href=
"https://tracker.debian.org/pkg/fdm-materials
">fdm-materials
</a
>,
418 <a href=
"https://tracker.debian.org/pkg/libsavitar
">libsavitar
</a
> and
419 <a href=
"https://tracker.debian.org/pkg/uranium
">uranium
</a
>. The last
420 two, uranium and cura, entered Unstable yesterday. This should make
421 it easier for Debian users to print on at least the Ultimaker class of
422 3D printers. My nearest
3D printer is an Ultimaker
2+, so it will
423 make life easier for at least me. :)
</p
>
425 <p
>The work to make this happen was done by Gregor Riepl, and I was
426 happy to assist him in sponsoring the packages. With the introduction
427 of Cura, Debian is up to three
3D printer slicers at your service,
428 Cura, Slic3r and Slic3r Prusa. If you own or have access to a
3D
429 printer, give it a go. :)
</p
>
431 <p
>The
3D printer software is maintained by the
3D printer Debian
432 team, flocking together on the
433 <a href=
"http://lists.alioth.debian.org/cgi-bin/mailman/listinfo/
3dprinter-general
">3dprinter-general
</a
>
435 <a href=
"irc://irc.debian.org/#debian-
3dprinting
">#debian-
3dprinting
</a
>
436 IRC channel.
</p
>
438 <p
>The next step for Cura in Debian is to update the cura package to
439 version
3.0.3 and then update the entire set of packages to version
440 3.1.0 which showed up the last few days.
</p
>
445 <title>Idea for finding all public domain movies in the USA
</title>
446 <link>http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/Idea_for_finding_all_public_domain_movies_in_the_USA.html
</link>
447 <guid isPermaLink=
"true">http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/Idea_for_finding_all_public_domain_movies_in_the_USA.html
</guid>
448 <pubDate>Wed,
13 Dec
2017 10:
15:
00 +
0100</pubDate>
449 <description><p
>While looking at
450 <a href=
"http://onlinebooks.library.upenn.edu/cce/
">the scanned copies
451 for the copyright renewal entries for movies published in the USA
</a
>,
452 an idea occurred to me. The number of renewals are so few per year, it
453 should be fairly quick to transcribe them all and add references to
454 the corresponding IMDB title ID. This would give the (presumably)
455 complete list of movies published
28 years earlier that did _not_
456 enter the public domain for the transcribed year. By fetching the
457 list of USA movies published
28 years earlier and subtract the movies
458 with renewals, we should be left with movies registered in IMDB that
459 are now in the public domain. For the year
1955 (which is the one I
460 have looked at the most), the total number of pages to transcribe is
461 21. For the
28 years from
1950 to
1978, it should be in the range
462 500-
600 pages. It is just a few days of work, and spread among a
463 small group of people it should be doable in a few weeks of spare
466 <p
>A typical copyright renewal entry look like this (the first one
467 listed for
1955):
</p
>
469 <p
><blockquote
>
470 ADAM AND EVIL, a photoplay in seven reels by Metro-Goldwyn-Mayer
471 Distribution Corp. (c)
17Aug27; L24293. Loew
's Incorporated (PWH);
473 </blockquote
></p
>
475 <p
>The movie title as well as registration and renewal dates are easy
476 enough to locate by a program (split on first comma and look for
477 DDmmmYY). The rest of the text is not required to find the movie in
478 IMDB, but is useful to confirm the correct movie is found. I am not
479 quite sure what the L and R numbers mean, but suspect they are
480 reference numbers into the archive of the US Copyright Office.
</p
>
482 <p
>Tracking down the equivalent IMDB title ID is probably going to be
483 a manual task, but given the year it is fairly easy to search for the
484 movie title using for example
485 <a href=
"http://www.imdb.com/find?q=adam+and+evil+
1927&s=all
">http://www.imdb.com/find?q=adam+and+evil+
1927&s=all
</a
>.
486 Using this search, I find that the equivalent IMDB title ID for the
487 first renewal entry from
1955 is
488 <a href=
"http://www.imdb.com/title/tt0017588/
">http://www.imdb.com/title/tt0017588/
</a
>.
</p
>
490 <p
>I suspect the best way to do this would be to make a specialised
491 web service to make it easy for contributors to transcribe and track
492 down IMDB title IDs. In the web service, once a entry is transcribed,
493 the title and year could be extracted from the text, a search in IMDB
494 conducted for the user to pick the equivalent IMDB title ID right
495 away. By spreading out the work among volunteers, it would also be
496 possible to make at least two persons transcribe the same entries to
497 be able to discover any typos introduced. But I will need help to
498 make this happen, as I lack the spare time to do all of this on my
499 own. If you would like to help, please get in touch. Perhaps you can
500 draft a web service for crowd sourcing the task?
</p
>
502 <p
>Note, Project Gutenberg already have some
503 <a href=
"http://www.gutenberg.org/ebooks/search/?query=copyright+office+renewals
">transcribed
504 copies of the US Copyright Office renewal protocols
</a
>, but I have
505 not been able to find any film renewals there, so I suspect they only
506 have copies of renewal for written works. I have not been able to find
507 any transcribed versions of movie renewals so far. Perhaps they exist
510 <p
>I would love to figure out methods for finding all the public
511 domain works in other countries too, but it is a lot harder. At least
512 for Norway and Great Britain, such work involve tracking down the
513 people involved in making the movie and figuring out when they died.
514 It is hard enough to figure out who was part of making a movie, but I
515 do not know how to automate such procedure without a registry of every
516 person involved in making movies and their death year.
</p
>
518 <p
>As usual, if you use Bitcoin and want to show your support of my
519 activities, please send Bitcoin donations to my address
520 <b
><a href=
"bitcoin:
15oWEoG9dUPovwmUL9KWAnYRtNJEkP1u1b
">15oWEoG9dUPovwmUL9KWAnYRtNJEkP1u1b
</a
></b
>.
</p
>
525 <title>Is the short movie «Empty Socks» from
1927 in the public domain or not?
</title>
526 <link>http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/Is_the_short_movie__Empty_Socks__from_1927_in_the_public_domain_or_not_.html
</link>
527 <guid isPermaLink=
"true">http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/Is_the_short_movie__Empty_Socks__from_1927_in_the_public_domain_or_not_.html
</guid>
528 <pubDate>Tue,
5 Dec
2017 12:
30:
00 +
0100</pubDate>
529 <description><p
>Three years ago, a presumed lost animation film,
530 <a href=
"https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Empty_Socks
">Empty Socks from
531 1927</a
>, was discovered in the Norwegian National Library. At the
532 time it was discovered, it was generally assumed to be copyrighted by
533 The Walt Disney Company, and I blogged about
534 <a href=
"http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/Opphavsretts_status_for__Empty_Socks__fra_1927_.html
">my
535 reasoning to conclude
</a
> that it would would enter the Norwegian
536 equivalent of the public domain in
2053, based on my understanding of
537 Norwegian Copyright Law. But a few days ago, I came across
538 <a href=
"http://www.toonzone.net/forums/threads/exposed-disneys-repurchase-of-oswald-the-rabbit-a-sham
.4792291/
">a
539 blog post claiming the movie was already in the public domain
</a
>, at
540 least in USA. The reasoning is as follows: The film was released in
541 November or Desember
1927 (sources disagree), and presumably
542 registered its copyright that year. At that time, right holders of
543 movies registered by the copyright office received government
544 protection for there work for
28 years. After
28 years, the copyright
545 had to be renewed if the wanted the government to protect it further.
546 The blog post I found claim such renewal did not happen for this
547 movie, and thus it entered the public domain in
1956. Yet someone
548 claim the copyright was renewed and the movie is still copyright
549 protected. Can anyone help me to figure out which claim is correct?
550 I have not been able to find Empty Socks in Catalog of copyright
551 entries. Ser
.3 pt
.12-
13 v
.9-
12 1955-
1958 Motion Pictures
552 <a href=
"http://onlinebooks.library.upenn.edu/cce/
1955r.html#film
">available
553 from the University of Pennsylvania
</a
>, neither in
554 <a href=
"https://babel.hathitrust.org/cgi/pt?id=mdp
.39015084451130;page=root;view=image;size=
100;seq=
83;num=
45">page
555 45 for the first half of
1955</a
>, nor in
556 <a href=
"https://babel.hathitrust.org/cgi/pt?id=mdp
.39015084451130;page=root;view=image;size=
100;seq=
175;num=
119">page
557 119 for the second half of
1955</a
>. It is of course possible that
558 the renewal entry was left out of the printed catalog by mistake. Is
559 there some way to rule out this possibility? Please help, and update
560 the wikipedia page with your findings.
562 <p
>As usual, if you use Bitcoin and want to show your support of my
563 activities, please send Bitcoin donations to my address
564 <b
><a href=
"bitcoin:
15oWEoG9dUPovwmUL9KWAnYRtNJEkP1u1b
">15oWEoG9dUPovwmUL9KWAnYRtNJEkP1u1b
</a
></b
>.
</p
>
569 <title>Metadata proposal for movies on the Internet Archive
</title>
570 <link>http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/Metadata_proposal_for_movies_on_the_Internet_Archive.html
</link>
571 <guid isPermaLink=
"true">http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/Metadata_proposal_for_movies_on_the_Internet_Archive.html
</guid>
572 <pubDate>Tue,
28 Nov
2017 12:
00:
00 +
0100</pubDate>
573 <description><p
>It would be easier to locate the movie you want to watch in
574 <a href=
"https://www.archive.org/
">the Internet Archive
</a
>, if the
575 metadata about each movie was more complete and accurate. In the
576 archiving community, a well known saying state that good metadata is a
577 love letter to the future. The metadata in the Internet Archive could
578 use a face lift for the future to love us back. Here is a proposal
579 for a small improvement that would make the metadata more useful
580 today. I
've been unable to find any document describing the various
581 standard fields available when uploading videos to the archive, so
582 this proposal is based on my best quess and searching through several
583 of the existing movies.
</p
>
585 <p
>I have a few use cases in mind. First of all, I would like to be
586 able to count the number of distinct movies in the Internet Archive,
587 without duplicates. I would further like to identify the IMDB title
588 ID of the movies in the Internet Archive, to be able to look up a IMDB
589 title ID and know if I can fetch the video from there and share it
590 with my friends.
</p
>
592 <p
>Second, I would like the Butter data provider for The Internet
594 (
<a href=
"https://github.com/butterproviders/butter-provider-archive
">available
595 from github
</a
>), to list as many of the good movies as possible. The
596 plugin currently do a search in the archive with the following
597 parameters:
</p
>
600 collection:moviesandfilms
601 AND NOT collection:movie_trailers
602 AND -mediatype:collection
603 AND format:
"Archive BitTorrent
"
605 </pre
></p
>
607 <p
>Most of the cool movies that fail to show up in Butter do so
608 because the
'year
' field is missing. The
'year
' field is populated by
609 the year part from the
'date
' field, and should be when the movie was
610 released (date or year). Two such examples are
611 <a href=
"https://archive.org/details/SidneyOlcottsBen-hur1905
">Ben Hur
612 from
1905</a
> and
613 <a href=
"https://archive.org/details/Caminandes2GranDillama
">Caminandes
614 2: Gran Dillama from
2013</a
>, where the year metadata field is
617 So, my proposal is simply, for every movie in The Internet Archive
618 where an IMDB title ID exist, please fill in these metadata fields
619 (note, they can be updated also long after the video was uploaded, but
620 as far as I can tell, only by the uploader):
624 <dt
>mediatype
</dt
>
625 <dd
>Should be
'movie
' for movies.
</dd
>
627 <dt
>collection
</dt
>
628 <dd
>Should contain
'moviesandfilms
'.
</dd
>
630 <dt
>title
</dt
>
631 <dd
>The title of the movie, without the publication year.
</dd
>
633 <dt
>date
</dt
>
634 <dd
>The data or year the movie was released. This make the movie show
635 up in Butter, as well as make it possible to know the age of the
636 movie and is useful to figure out copyright status.
</dd
>
638 <dt
>director
</dt
>
639 <dd
>The director of the movie. This make it easier to know if the
640 correct movie is found in movie databases.
</dd
>
642 <dt
>publisher
</dt
>
643 <dd
>The production company making the movie. Also useful for
644 identifying the correct movie.
</dd
>
646 <dt
>links
</dt
>
648 <dd
>Add a link to the IMDB title page, for example like this:
&lt;a
649 href=
"http://www.imdb.com/title/tt0028496/
"&gt;Movie in
650 IMDB
&lt;/a
&gt;. This make it easier to find duplicates and allow for
651 counting of number of unique movies in the Archive. Other external
652 references, like to TMDB, could be added like this too.
</dd
>
656 <p
>I did consider proposing a Custom field for the IMDB title ID (for
657 example
'imdb_title_url
',
'imdb_code
' or simply
'imdb
', but suspect it
658 will be easier to simply place it in the links free text field.
</p
>
661 <a href=
"https://github.com/petterreinholdtsen/public-domain-free-imdb
">a
662 list of IMDB title IDs for several thousand movies in the Internet
663 Archive
</a
>, but I also got a list of several thousand movies without
664 such IMDB title ID (and quite a few duplicates). It would be great if
665 this data set could be integrated into the Internet Archive metadata
666 to be available for everyone in the future, but with the current
667 policy of leaving metadata editing to the uploaders, it will take a
668 while before this happen. If you have uploaded movies into the
669 Internet Archive, you can help. Please consider following my proposal
670 above for your movies, to ensure that movie is properly
671 counted. :)
</p
>
673 <p
>The list is mostly generated using wikidata, which based on
674 Wikipedia articles make it possible to link between IMDB and movies in
675 the Internet Archive. But there are lots of movies without a
676 Wikipedia article, and some movies where only a collection page exist
677 (like for
<a href=
"https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Caminandes
">the
678 Caminandes example above
</a
>, where there are three movies but only
679 one Wikidata entry).
</p
>
681 <p
>As usual, if you use Bitcoin and want to show your support of my
682 activities, please send Bitcoin donations to my address
683 <b
><a href=
"bitcoin:
15oWEoG9dUPovwmUL9KWAnYRtNJEkP1u1b
">15oWEoG9dUPovwmUL9KWAnYRtNJEkP1u1b
</a
></b
>.
</p
>
688 <title>Legal to share more than
3000 movies listed on IMDB?
</title>
689 <link>http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/Legal_to_share_more_than_3000_movies_listed_on_IMDB_.html
</link>
690 <guid isPermaLink=
"true">http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/Legal_to_share_more_than_3000_movies_listed_on_IMDB_.html
</guid>
691 <pubDate>Sat,
18 Nov
2017 21:
20:
00 +
0100</pubDate>
692 <description><p
>A month ago, I blogged about my work to
693 <a href=
"http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/Locating_IMDB_IDs_of_movies_in_the_Internet_Archive_using_Wikidata.html
">automatically
694 check the copyright status of IMDB entries
</a
>, and try to count the
695 number of movies listed in IMDB that is legal to distribute on the
696 Internet. I have continued to look for good data sources, and
697 identified a few more. The code used to extract information from
698 various data sources is available in
699 <a href=
"https://github.com/petterreinholdtsen/public-domain-free-imdb
">a
700 git repository
</a
>, currently available from github.
</p
>
702 <p
>So far I have identified
3186 unique IMDB title IDs. To gain
703 better understanding of the structure of the data set, I created a
704 histogram of the year associated with each movie (typically release
705 year). It is interesting to notice where the peaks and dips in the
706 graph are located. I wonder why they are placed there. I suspect
707 World War II caused the dip around
1940, but what caused the peak
708 around
2010?
</p
>
710 <p align=
"center
"><img src=
"http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/images/
2017-
11-
18-verk-i-det-fri-filmer.png
" /
></p
>
712 <p
>I
've so far identified ten sources for IMDB title IDs for movies in
713 the public domain or with a free license. This is the statistics
714 reported when running
'make stats
' in the git repository:
</p
>
717 249 entries (
6 unique) with and
288 without IMDB title ID in free-movies-archive-org-butter.json
718 2301 entries (
540 unique) with and
0 without IMDB title ID in free-movies-archive-org-wikidata.json
719 830 entries (
29 unique) with and
0 without IMDB title ID in free-movies-icheckmovies-archive-mochard.json
720 2109 entries (
377 unique) with and
0 without IMDB title ID in free-movies-imdb-pd.json
721 291 entries (
122 unique) with and
0 without IMDB title ID in free-movies-letterboxd-pd.json
722 144 entries (
135 unique) with and
0 without IMDB title ID in free-movies-manual.json
723 350 entries (
1 unique) with and
801 without IMDB title ID in free-movies-publicdomainmovies.json
724 4 entries (
0 unique) with and
124 without IMDB title ID in free-movies-publicdomainreview.json
725 698 entries (
119 unique) with and
118 without IMDB title ID in free-movies-publicdomaintorrents.json
726 8 entries (
8 unique) with and
196 without IMDB title ID in free-movies-vodo.json
727 3186 unique IMDB title IDs in total
730 <p
>The entries without IMDB title ID are candidates to increase the
731 data set, but might equally well be duplicates of entries already
732 listed with IMDB title ID in one of the other sources, or represent
733 movies that lack a IMDB title ID. I
've seen examples of all these
734 situations when peeking at the entries without IMDB title ID. Based
735 on these data sources, the lower bound for movies listed in IMDB that
736 are legal to distribute on the Internet is between
3186 and
4713.
738 <p
>It would be great for improving the accuracy of this measurement,
739 if the various sources added IMDB title ID to their metadata. I have
740 tried to reach the people behind the various sources to ask if they
741 are interested in doing this, without any replies so far. Perhaps you
742 can help me get in touch with the people behind VODO, Public Domain
743 Torrents, Public Domain Movies and Public Domain Review to try to
744 convince them to add more metadata to their movie entries?
</p
>
746 <p
>Another way you could help is by adding pages to Wikipedia about
747 movies that are legal to distribute on the Internet. If such page
748 exist and include a link to both IMDB and The Internet Archive, the
749 script used to generate free-movies-archive-org-wikidata.json should
750 pick up the mapping as soon as wikidata is updates.
</p
>
752 <p
>As usual, if you use Bitcoin and want to show your support of my
753 activities, please send Bitcoin donations to my address
754 <b
><a href=
"bitcoin:
15oWEoG9dUPovwmUL9KWAnYRtNJEkP1u1b
">15oWEoG9dUPovwmUL9KWAnYRtNJEkP1u1b
</a
></b
>.
</p
>
759 <title>Some notes on fault tolerant storage systems
</title>
760 <link>http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/Some_notes_on_fault_tolerant_storage_systems.html
</link>
761 <guid isPermaLink=
"true">http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/Some_notes_on_fault_tolerant_storage_systems.html
</guid>
762 <pubDate>Wed,
1 Nov
2017 15:
35:
00 +
0100</pubDate>
763 <description><p
>If you care about how fault tolerant your storage is, you might
764 find these articles and papers interesting. They have formed how I
765 think of when designing a storage system.
</p
>
769 <li
>USENIX :login;
<a
770 href=
"https://www.usenix.org/publications/login/summer2017/ganesan
">Redundancy
771 Does Not Imply Fault Tolerance. Analysis of Distributed Storage
772 Reactions to Single Errors and Corruptions
</a
> by Aishwarya Ganesan,
773 Ramnatthan Alagappan, Andrea C. Arpaci-Dusseau, and Remzi
774 H. Arpaci-Dusseau
</li
>
777 <a href=
"http://www.zdnet.com/article/why-raid-
5-stops-working-in-
2009/
">Why
778 RAID
5 stops working in
2009</a
> by Robin Harris
</li
>
781 <a href=
"http://www.zdnet.com/article/why-raid-
6-stops-working-in-
2019/
">Why
782 RAID
6 stops working in
2019</a
> by Robin Harris
</li
>
784 <li
>USENIX FAST
'07
785 <a href=
"http://research.google.com/archive/disk_failures.pdf
">Failure
786 Trends in a Large Disk Drive Population
</a
> by Eduardo Pinheiro,
787 Wolf-Dietrich Weber and Luiz André Barroso
</li
>
789 <li
>USENIX ;login:
<a
790 href=
"https://www.usenix.org/system/files/login/articles/hughes12-
04.pdf
">Data
791 Integrity. Finding Truth in a World of Guesses and Lies
</a
> by Doug
794 <li
>USENIX FAST
'08
795 <a href=
"https://www.usenix.org/events/fast08/tech/full_papers/bairavasundaram/bairavasundaram_html/
">An
796 Analysis of Data Corruption in the Storage Stack
</a
> by
797 L. N. Bairavasundaram, G. R. Goodson, B. Schroeder, A. C.
798 Arpaci-Dusseau, and R. H. Arpaci-Dusseau
</li
>
800 <li
>USENIX FAST
'07 <a
801 href=
"https://www.usenix.org/legacy/events/fast07/tech/schroeder/schroeder_html/
">Disk
802 failures in the real world: what does an MTTF of
1,
000,
000 hours mean
803 to you?
</a
> by B. Schroeder and G. A. Gibson.
</li
>
805 <li
>USENIX ;login:
<a
806 href=
"https://www.usenix.org/events/fast08/tech/full_papers/jiang/jiang_html/
">Are
807 Disks the Dominant Contributor for Storage Failures? A Comprehensive
808 Study of Storage Subsystem Failure Characteristics
</a
> by Weihang
809 Jiang, Chongfeng Hu, Yuanyuan Zhou, and Arkady Kanevsky
</li
>
811 <li
>SIGMETRICS
2007
812 <a href=
"http://research.cs.wisc.edu/adsl/Publications/latent-sigmetrics07.pdf
">An
813 analysis of latent sector errors in disk drives
</a
> by
814 L. N. Bairavasundaram, G. R. Goodson, S. Pasupathy, and J. Schindler
</li
>
818 <p
>Several of these research papers are based on data collected from
819 hundred thousands or millions of disk, and their findings are eye
820 opening. The short story is simply do not implicitly trust RAID or
821 redundant storage systems. Details matter. And unfortunately there
822 are few options on Linux addressing all the identified issues. Both
823 ZFS and Btrfs are doing a fairly good job, but have legal and
824 practical issues on their own. I wonder how cluster file systems like
825 Ceph do in this regard. After all, there is an old saying, you know
826 you have a distributed system when the crash of a computer you have
827 never heard of stops you from getting any work done. The same holds
828 true if fault tolerance do not work.
</p
>
830 <p
>Just remember, in the end, it do not matter how redundant, or how
831 fault tolerant your storage is, if you do not continuously monitor its
832 status to detect and replace failed disks.
</p
>
834 <p
>As usual, if you use Bitcoin and want to show your support of my
835 activities, please send Bitcoin donations to my address
836 <b
><a href=
"bitcoin:
15oWEoG9dUPovwmUL9KWAnYRtNJEkP1u1b
">15oWEoG9dUPovwmUL9KWAnYRtNJEkP1u1b
</a
></b
>.
</p
>
841 <title>Web services for writing academic LaTeX papers as a team
</title>
842 <link>http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/Web_services_for_writing_academic_LaTeX_papers_as_a_team.html
</link>
843 <guid isPermaLink=
"true">http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/Web_services_for_writing_academic_LaTeX_papers_as_a_team.html
</guid>
844 <pubDate>Tue,
31 Oct
2017 21:
00:
00 +
0100</pubDate>
845 <description><p
>I was surprised today to learn that a friend in academia did not
846 know there are easily available web services available for writing
847 LaTeX documents as a team. I thought it was common knowledge, but to
848 make sure at least my readers are aware of it, I would like to mention
849 these useful services for writing LaTeX documents. Some of them even
850 provide a WYSIWYG editor to ease writing even further.
</p
>
852 <p
>There are two commercial services available,
853 <a href=
"https://sharelatex.com
">ShareLaTeX
</a
> and
854 <a href=
"https://overleaf.com
">Overleaf
</a
>. They are very easy to
855 use. Just start a new document, select which publisher to write for
856 (ie which LaTeX style to use), and start writing. Note, these two
857 have announced their intention to join forces, so soon it will only be
858 one joint service. I
've used both for different documents, and they
859 work just fine. While
860 <a href=
"https://github.com/sharelatex/sharelatex
">ShareLaTeX is free
861 software
</a
>, while the latter is not. According to
<a
862 href=
"https://www.overleaf.com/help/
17-is-overleaf-open-source
">a
863 announcement from Overleaf
</a
>, they plan to keep the ShareLaTeX code
864 base maintained as free software.
</p
>
866 But these two are not the only alternatives.
867 <a href=
"https://app.fiduswriter.org/
">Fidus Writer
</a
> is another free
868 software solution with
<a href=
"https://github.com/fiduswriter
">the
869 source available on github
</a
>. I have not used it myself. Several
870 others can be found on the nice
871 <a href=
"https://alternativeto.net/software/sharelatex/
">alterntiveTo
872 web service
</a
>.
874 <p
>If you like Google Docs or Etherpad, but would like to write
875 documents in LaTeX, you should check out these services. You can even
876 host your own, if you want to. :)
</p
>
878 <p
>As usual, if you use Bitcoin and want to show your support of my
879 activities, please send Bitcoin donations to my address
880 <b
><a href=
"bitcoin:
15oWEoG9dUPovwmUL9KWAnYRtNJEkP1u1b
">15oWEoG9dUPovwmUL9KWAnYRtNJEkP1u1b
</a
></b
>.
</p
>
885 <title>Locating IMDB IDs of movies in the Internet Archive using Wikidata
</title>
886 <link>http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/Locating_IMDB_IDs_of_movies_in_the_Internet_Archive_using_Wikidata.html
</link>
887 <guid isPermaLink=
"true">http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/Locating_IMDB_IDs_of_movies_in_the_Internet_Archive_using_Wikidata.html
</guid>
888 <pubDate>Wed,
25 Oct
2017 12:
20:
00 +
0200</pubDate>
889 <description><p
>Recently, I needed to automatically check the copyright status of a
890 set of
<a href=
"http://www.imdb.com/
">The Internet Movie database
891 (IMDB)
</a
> entries, to figure out which one of the movies they refer
892 to can be freely distributed on the Internet. This proved to be
893 harder than it sounds. IMDB for sure list movies without any
894 copyright protection, where the copyright protection has expired or
895 where the movie is lisenced using a permissive license like one from
896 Creative Commons. These are mixed with copyright protected movies,
897 and there seem to be no way to separate these classes of movies using
898 the information in IMDB.
</p
>
900 <p
>First I tried to look up entries manually in IMDB,
901 <a href=
"https://www.wikipedia.org/
">Wikipedia
</a
> and
902 <a href=
"https://www.archive.org/
">The Internet Archive
</a
>, to get a
903 feel how to do this. It is hard to know for sure using these sources,
904 but it should be possible to be reasonable confident a movie is
"out
905 of copyright
" with a few hours work per movie. As I needed to check
906 almost
20,
000 entries, this approach was not sustainable. I simply
907 can not work around the clock for about
6 years to check this data
910 <p
>I asked the people behind The Internet Archive if they could
911 introduce a new metadata field in their metadata XML for IMDB ID, but
912 was told that they leave it completely to the uploaders to update the
913 metadata. Some of the metadata entries had IMDB links in the
914 description, but I found no way to download all metadata files in bulk
915 to locate those ones and put that approach aside.
</p
>
917 <p
>In the process I noticed several Wikipedia articles about movies
918 had links to both IMDB and The Internet Archive, and it occured to me
919 that I could use the Wikipedia RDF data set to locate entries with
920 both, to at least get a lower bound on the number of movies on The
921 Internet Archive with a IMDB ID. This is useful based on the
922 assumption that movies distributed by The Internet Archive can be
923 legally distributed on the Internet. With some help from the RDF
924 community (thank you DanC), I was able to come up with this query to
925 pass to
<a href=
"https://query.wikidata.org/
">the SPARQL interface on
929 SELECT ?work ?imdb ?ia ?when ?label
932 ?work wdt:P31/wdt:P279* wd:Q11424.
933 ?work wdt:P345 ?imdb.
936 ?work wdt:P577 ?when.
937 ?work rdfs:label ?label.
938 FILTER(LANG(?label) =
"en
").
941 </pre
></p
>
943 <p
>If I understand the query right, for every film entry anywhere in
944 Wikpedia, it will return the IMDB ID and The Internet Archive ID, and
945 when the movie was released and its English title, if either or both
946 of the latter two are available. At the moment the result set contain
947 2338 entries. Of course, it depend on volunteers including both
948 correct IMDB and The Internet Archive IDs in the wikipedia articles
949 for the movie. It should be noted that the result will include
950 duplicates if the movie have entries in several languages. There are
951 some bogus entries, either because The Internet Archive ID contain a
952 typo or because the movie is not available from The Internet Archive.
953 I did not verify the IMDB IDs, as I am unsure how to do that
954 automatically.
</p
>
956 <p
>I wrote a small python script to extract the data set from Wikidata
957 and check if the XML metadata for the movie is available from The
958 Internet Archive, and after around
1.5 hour it produced a list of
2097
959 free movies and their IMDB ID. In total,
171 entries in Wikidata lack
960 the refered Internet Archive entry. I assume the
70 "disappearing
"
961 entries (ie
2338-
2097-
171) are duplicate entries.
</p
>
963 <p
>This is not too bad, given that The Internet Archive report to
964 contain
<a href=
"https://archive.org/details/feature_films
">5331
965 feature films
</a
> at the moment, but it also mean more than
3000
966 movies are missing on Wikipedia or are missing the pair of references
967 on Wikipedia.
</p
>
969 <p
>I was curious about the distribution by release year, and made a
970 little graph to show how the amount of free movies is spread over the
973 <p
><img src=
"http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/images/
2017-
10-
25-verk-i-det-fri-filmer.png
"></p
>
975 <p
>I expect the relative distribution of the remaining
3000 movies to
976 be similar.
</p
>
978 <p
>If you want to help, and want to ensure Wikipedia can be used to
979 cross reference The Internet Archive and The Internet Movie Database,
980 please make sure entries like this are listed under the
"External
981 links
" heading on the Wikipedia article for the movie:
</p
>
984 * {{Internet Archive film|id=FightingLady}}
985 * {{IMDb title|id=
0036823|title=The Fighting Lady}}
986 </pre
></p
>
988 <p
>Please verify the links on the final page, to make sure you did not
989 introduce a typo.
</p
>
991 <p
>Here is the complete list, if you want to correct the
171
992 identified Wikipedia entries with broken links to The Internet
993 Archive:
<a href=
"http://www.wikidata.org/entity/Q1140317
">Q1140317
</a
>,
994 <a href=
"http://www.wikidata.org/entity/Q458656
">Q458656
</a
>,
995 <a href=
"http://www.wikidata.org/entity/Q458656
">Q458656
</a
>,
996 <a href=
"http://www.wikidata.org/entity/Q470560
">Q470560
</a
>,
997 <a href=
"http://www.wikidata.org/entity/Q743340
">Q743340
</a
>,
998 <a href=
"http://www.wikidata.org/entity/Q822580
">Q822580
</a
>,
999 <a href=
"http://www.wikidata.org/entity/Q480696
">Q480696
</a
>,
1000 <a href=
"http://www.wikidata.org/entity/Q128761
">Q128761
</a
>,
1001 <a href=
"http://www.wikidata.org/entity/Q1307059
">Q1307059
</a
>,
1002 <a href=
"http://www.wikidata.org/entity/Q1335091
">Q1335091
</a
>,
1003 <a href=
"http://www.wikidata.org/entity/Q1537166
">Q1537166
</a
>,
1004 <a href=
"http://www.wikidata.org/entity/Q1438334
">Q1438334
</a
>,
1005 <a href=
"http://www.wikidata.org/entity/Q1479751
">Q1479751
</a
>,
1006 <a href=
"http://www.wikidata.org/entity/Q1497200
">Q1497200
</a
>,
1007 <a href=
"http://www.wikidata.org/entity/Q1498122
">Q1498122
</a
>,
1008 <a href=
"http://www.wikidata.org/entity/Q865973
">Q865973
</a
>,
1009 <a href=
"http://www.wikidata.org/entity/Q834269
">Q834269
</a
>,
1010 <a href=
"http://www.wikidata.org/entity/Q841781
">Q841781
</a
>,
1011 <a href=
"http://www.wikidata.org/entity/Q841781
">Q841781
</a
>,
1012 <a href=
"http://www.wikidata.org/entity/Q1548193
">Q1548193
</a
>,
1013 <a href=
"http://www.wikidata.org/entity/Q499031
">Q499031
</a
>,
1014 <a href=
"http://www.wikidata.org/entity/Q1564769
">Q1564769
</a
>,
1015 <a href=
"http://www.wikidata.org/entity/Q1585239
">Q1585239
</a
>,
1016 <a href=
"http://www.wikidata.org/entity/Q1585569
">Q1585569
</a
>,
1017 <a href=
"http://www.wikidata.org/entity/Q1624236
">Q1624236
</a
>,
1018 <a href=
"http://www.wikidata.org/entity/Q4796595
">Q4796595
</a
>,
1019 <a href=
"http://www.wikidata.org/entity/Q4853469
">Q4853469
</a
>,
1020 <a href=
"http://www.wikidata.org/entity/Q4873046
">Q4873046
</a
>,
1021 <a href=
"http://www.wikidata.org/entity/Q915016
">Q915016
</a
>,
1022 <a href=
"http://www.wikidata.org/entity/Q4660396
">Q4660396
</a
>,
1023 <a href=
"http://www.wikidata.org/entity/Q4677708
">Q4677708
</a
>,
1024 <a href=
"http://www.wikidata.org/entity/Q4738449
">Q4738449
</a
>,
1025 <a href=
"http://www.wikidata.org/entity/Q4756096
">Q4756096
</a
>,
1026 <a href=
"http://www.wikidata.org/entity/Q4766785
">Q4766785
</a
>,
1027 <a href=
"http://www.wikidata.org/entity/Q880357
">Q880357
</a
>,
1028 <a href=
"http://www.wikidata.org/entity/Q882066
">Q882066
</a
>,
1029 <a href=
"http://www.wikidata.org/entity/Q882066
">Q882066
</a
>,
1030 <a href=
"http://www.wikidata.org/entity/Q204191
">Q204191
</a
>,
1031 <a href=
"http://www.wikidata.org/entity/Q204191
">Q204191
</a
>,
1032 <a href=
"http://www.wikidata.org/entity/Q1194170
">Q1194170
</a
>,
1033 <a href=
"http://www.wikidata.org/entity/Q940014
">Q940014
</a
>,
1034 <a href=
"http://www.wikidata.org/entity/Q946863
">Q946863
</a
>,
1035 <a href=
"http://www.wikidata.org/entity/Q172837
">Q172837
</a
>,
1036 <a href=
"http://www.wikidata.org/entity/Q573077
">Q573077
</a
>,
1037 <a href=
"http://www.wikidata.org/entity/Q1219005
">Q1219005
</a
>,
1038 <a href=
"http://www.wikidata.org/entity/Q1219599
">Q1219599
</a
>,
1039 <a href=
"http://www.wikidata.org/entity/Q1643798
">Q1643798
</a
>,
1040 <a href=
"http://www.wikidata.org/entity/Q1656352
">Q1656352
</a
>,
1041 <a href=
"http://www.wikidata.org/entity/Q1659549
">Q1659549
</a
>,
1042 <a href=
"http://www.wikidata.org/entity/Q1660007
">Q1660007
</a
>,
1043 <a href=
"http://www.wikidata.org/entity/Q1698154
">Q1698154
</a
>,
1044 <a href=
"http://www.wikidata.org/entity/Q1737980
">Q1737980
</a
>,
1045 <a href=
"http://www.wikidata.org/entity/Q1877284
">Q1877284
</a
>,
1046 <a href=
"http://www.wikidata.org/entity/Q1199354
">Q1199354
</a
>,
1047 <a href=
"http://www.wikidata.org/entity/Q1199354
">Q1199354
</a
>,
1048 <a href=
"http://www.wikidata.org/entity/Q1199451
">Q1199451
</a
>,
1049 <a href=
"http://www.wikidata.org/entity/Q1211871
">Q1211871
</a
>,
1050 <a href=
"http://www.wikidata.org/entity/Q1212179
">Q1212179
</a
>,
1051 <a href=
"http://www.wikidata.org/entity/Q1238382
">Q1238382
</a
>,
1052 <a href=
"http://www.wikidata.org/entity/Q4906454
">Q4906454
</a
>,
1053 <a href=
"http://www.wikidata.org/entity/Q320219
">Q320219
</a
>,
1054 <a href=
"http://www.wikidata.org/entity/Q1148649
">Q1148649
</a
>,
1055 <a href=
"http://www.wikidata.org/entity/Q645094
">Q645094
</a
>,
1056 <a href=
"http://www.wikidata.org/entity/Q5050350
">Q5050350
</a
>,
1057 <a href=
"http://www.wikidata.org/entity/Q5166548
">Q5166548
</a
>,
1058 <a href=
"http://www.wikidata.org/entity/Q2677926
">Q2677926
</a
>,
1059 <a href=
"http://www.wikidata.org/entity/Q2698139
">Q2698139
</a
>,
1060 <a href=
"http://www.wikidata.org/entity/Q2707305
">Q2707305
</a
>,
1061 <a href=
"http://www.wikidata.org/entity/Q2740725
">Q2740725
</a
>,
1062 <a href=
"http://www.wikidata.org/entity/Q2024780
">Q2024780
</a
>,
1063 <a href=
"http://www.wikidata.org/entity/Q2117418
">Q2117418
</a
>,
1064 <a href=
"http://www.wikidata.org/entity/Q2138984
">Q2138984
</a
>,
1065 <a href=
"http://www.wikidata.org/entity/Q1127992
">Q1127992
</a
>,
1066 <a href=
"http://www.wikidata.org/entity/Q1058087
">Q1058087
</a
>,
1067 <a href=
"http://www.wikidata.org/entity/Q1070484
">Q1070484
</a
>,
1068 <a href=
"http://www.wikidata.org/entity/Q1080080
">Q1080080
</a
>,
1069 <a href=
"http://www.wikidata.org/entity/Q1090813
">Q1090813
</a
>,
1070 <a href=
"http://www.wikidata.org/entity/Q1251918
">Q1251918
</a
>,
1071 <a href=
"http://www.wikidata.org/entity/Q1254110
">Q1254110
</a
>,
1072 <a href=
"http://www.wikidata.org/entity/Q1257070
">Q1257070
</a
>,
1073 <a href=
"http://www.wikidata.org/entity/Q1257079
">Q1257079
</a
>,
1074 <a href=
"http://www.wikidata.org/entity/Q1197410
">Q1197410
</a
>,
1075 <a href=
"http://www.wikidata.org/entity/Q1198423
">Q1198423
</a
>,
1076 <a href=
"http://www.wikidata.org/entity/Q706951
">Q706951
</a
>,
1077 <a href=
"http://www.wikidata.org/entity/Q723239
">Q723239
</a
>,
1078 <a href=
"http://www.wikidata.org/entity/Q2079261
">Q2079261
</a
>,
1079 <a href=
"http://www.wikidata.org/entity/Q1171364
">Q1171364
</a
>,
1080 <a href=
"http://www.wikidata.org/entity/Q617858
">Q617858
</a
>,
1081 <a href=
"http://www.wikidata.org/entity/Q5166611
">Q5166611
</a
>,
1082 <a href=
"http://www.wikidata.org/entity/Q5166611
">Q5166611
</a
>,
1083 <a href=
"http://www.wikidata.org/entity/Q324513
">Q324513
</a
>,
1084 <a href=
"http://www.wikidata.org/entity/Q374172
">Q374172
</a
>,
1085 <a href=
"http://www.wikidata.org/entity/Q7533269
">Q7533269
</a
>,
1086 <a href=
"http://www.wikidata.org/entity/Q970386
">Q970386
</a
>,
1087 <a href=
"http://www.wikidata.org/entity/Q976849
">Q976849
</a
>,
1088 <a href=
"http://www.wikidata.org/entity/Q7458614
">Q7458614
</a
>,
1089 <a href=
"http://www.wikidata.org/entity/Q5347416
">Q5347416
</a
>,
1090 <a href=
"http://www.wikidata.org/entity/Q5460005
">Q5460005
</a
>,
1091 <a href=
"http://www.wikidata.org/entity/Q5463392
">Q5463392
</a
>,
1092 <a href=
"http://www.wikidata.org/entity/Q3038555
">Q3038555
</a
>,
1093 <a href=
"http://www.wikidata.org/entity/Q5288458
">Q5288458
</a
>,
1094 <a href=
"http://www.wikidata.org/entity/Q2346516
">Q2346516
</a
>,
1095 <a href=
"http://www.wikidata.org/entity/Q5183645
">Q5183645
</a
>,
1096 <a href=
"http://www.wikidata.org/entity/Q5185497
">Q5185497
</a
>,
1097 <a href=
"http://www.wikidata.org/entity/Q5216127
">Q5216127
</a
>,
1098 <a href=
"http://www.wikidata.org/entity/Q5223127
">Q5223127
</a
>,
1099 <a href=
"http://www.wikidata.org/entity/Q5261159
">Q5261159
</a
>,
1100 <a href=
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1165 <p
>As usual, if you use Bitcoin and want to show your support of my
1166 activities, please send Bitcoin donations to my address
1167 <b
><a href=
"bitcoin:
15oWEoG9dUPovwmUL9KWAnYRtNJEkP1u1b
">15oWEoG9dUPovwmUL9KWAnYRtNJEkP1u1b
</a
></b
>.
</p
>
1172 <title>A one-way wall on the border?
</title>
1173 <link>http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/A_one_way_wall_on_the_border_.html
</link>
1174 <guid isPermaLink=
"true">http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/A_one_way_wall_on_the_border_.html
</guid>
1175 <pubDate>Sat,
14 Oct
2017 22:
10:
00 +
0200</pubDate>
1176 <description><p
>I find it fascinating how many of the people being locked inside
1177 the proposed border wall between USA and Mexico support the idea. The
1178 proposal to keep Mexicans out reminds me of
1179 <a href=
"http://www.history.com/news/
10-things-you-may-not-know-about-the-berlin-wall
">the
1180 propaganda twist from the East Germany government
</a
> calling the wall
1181 the “Antifascist Bulwark” after erecting the Berlin Wall, claiming
1182 that the wall was erected to keep enemies from creeping into East
1183 Germany, while it was obvious to the people locked inside it that it
1184 was erected to keep the people from escaping.
</p
>
1186 <p
>Do the people in USA supporting this wall really believe it is a
1187 one way wall, only keeping people on the outside from getting in,
1188 while not keeping people in the inside from getting out?
</p
>
1190 <p
>As usual, if you use Bitcoin and want to show your support of my
1191 activities, please send Bitcoin donations to my address
1192 <b
><a href=
"bitcoin:
15oWEoG9dUPovwmUL9KWAnYRtNJEkP1u1b
">15oWEoG9dUPovwmUL9KWAnYRtNJEkP1u1b
</a
></b
>.
</p
>
projects / homepage.git / blob