1 <?xml version=
"1.0" encoding=
"utf-8"?>
2 <rss version='
2.0' xmlns:lj='http://www.livejournal.org/rss/lj/
1.0/' xmlns:
atom=
"http://www.w3.org/2005/Atom">
4 <title>Petter Reinholdtsen
</title>
5 <description></description>
6 <link>http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/
</link>
7 <atom:link href=
"http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/index.rss" rel=
"self" type=
"application/rss+xml" />
10 <title>Legal to share more than
11,
000 movies listed on IMDB?
</title>
11 <link>http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/Legal_to_share_more_than_11_000_movies_listed_on_IMDB_.html
</link>
12 <guid isPermaLink=
"true">http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/Legal_to_share_more_than_11_000_movies_listed_on_IMDB_.html
</guid>
13 <pubDate>Sun,
7 Jan
2018 23:
30:
00 +
0100</pubDate>
14 <description><p
>I
've continued to track down list of movies that are legal to
15 distribute on the Internet, and identified more than
11,
000 title IDs
16 in The Internet Movie Database (IMDB) so far. Most of them (
57%) are
17 feature films from USA published before
1923. I
've also tracked down
18 more than
24,
000 movies I have not yet been able to map to IMDB title
19 ID, so the real number could be a lot higher. According to the front
20 web page for
<a href=
"https://retrofilmvault.com/
">Retro Film
21 Vault
</A
>, there are
44,
000 public domain films, so I guess there are
22 still some left to identify.
</p
>
24 <p
>The complete data set is available from
25 <a href=
"https://github.com/petterreinholdtsen/public-domain-free-imdb
">a
26 public git repository
</a
>, including the scripts used to create it.
27 Most of the data is collected using web scraping, for example from the
28 "product catalog
" of companies selling copies of public domain movies,
29 but any source I find believable is used. I
've so far had to throw
30 out three sources because I did not trust the public domain status of
31 the movies listed.
</p
>
33 <p
>Anyway, this is the summary of the
28 collected data sources so
37 2352 entries (
66 unique) with and
15983 without IMDB title ID in free-movies-archive-org-search.json
38 2302 entries (
120 unique) with and
0 without IMDB title ID in free-movies-archive-org-wikidata.json
39 195 entries (
63 unique) with and
200 without IMDB title ID in free-movies-cinemovies.json
40 89 entries (
52 unique) with and
38 without IMDB title ID in free-movies-creative-commons.json
41 344 entries (
28 unique) with and
655 without IMDB title ID in free-movies-fesfilm.json
42 668 entries (
209 unique) with and
1064 without IMDB title ID in free-movies-filmchest-com.json
43 830 entries (
21 unique) with and
0 without IMDB title ID in free-movies-icheckmovies-archive-mochard.json
44 19 entries (
19 unique) with and
0 without IMDB title ID in free-movies-imdb-c-expired-gb.json
45 6822 entries (
6669 unique) with and
0 without IMDB title ID in free-movies-imdb-c-expired-us.json
46 137 entries (
0 unique) with and
0 without IMDB title ID in free-movies-imdb-externlist.json
47 1205 entries (
57 unique) with and
0 without IMDB title ID in free-movies-imdb-pd.json
48 84 entries (
20 unique) with and
167 without IMDB title ID in free-movies-infodigi-pd.json
49 158 entries (
135 unique) with and
0 without IMDB title ID in free-movies-letterboxd-looney-tunes.json
50 113 entries (
4 unique) with and
0 without IMDB title ID in free-movies-letterboxd-pd.json
51 182 entries (
100 unique) with and
0 without IMDB title ID in free-movies-letterboxd-silent.json
52 229 entries (
87 unique) with and
1 without IMDB title ID in free-movies-manual.json
53 44 entries (
2 unique) with and
64 without IMDB title ID in free-movies-openflix.json
54 291 entries (
33 unique) with and
474 without IMDB title ID in free-movies-profilms-pd.json
55 211 entries (
7 unique) with and
0 without IMDB title ID in free-movies-publicdomainmovies-info.json
56 1232 entries (
57 unique) with and
1875 without IMDB title ID in free-movies-publicdomainmovies-net.json
57 46 entries (
13 unique) with and
81 without IMDB title ID in free-movies-publicdomainreview.json
58 698 entries (
64 unique) with and
118 without IMDB title ID in free-movies-publicdomaintorrents.json
59 1758 entries (
882 unique) with and
3786 without IMDB title ID in free-movies-retrofilmvault.json
60 16 entries (
0 unique) with and
0 without IMDB title ID in free-movies-thehillproductions.json
61 63 entries (
16 unique) with and
141 without IMDB title ID in free-movies-vodo.json
62 11583 unique IMDB title IDs in total,
8724 only in one list,
24647 without IMDB title ID
63 </pre
></p
>
65 <p
> I keep finding more data sources. I found the cinemovies source
66 just a few days ago, and as you can see from the summary, it extended
67 my list with
63 movies. Check out the mklist-* scripts in the git
68 repository if you are curious how the lists are created. Many of the
69 titles are extracted using searches on IMDB, where I look for the
70 title and year, and accept search results with only one movie listed
71 if the year matches. This allow me to automatically use many lists of
72 movies without IMDB title ID references at the cost of increasing the
73 risk of wrongly identify a IMDB title ID as public domain. So far my
74 random manual checks have indicated that the method is solid, but I
75 really wish all lists of public domain movies would include unique
76 movie identifier like the IMDB title ID. It would make the job of
77 counting movies in the public domain a lot easier.
</p
>
79 <p
>As usual, if you use Bitcoin and want to show your support of my
80 activities, please send Bitcoin donations to my address
81 <b
><a href=
"bitcoin:
15oWEoG9dUPovwmUL9KWAnYRtNJEkP1u1b
">15oWEoG9dUPovwmUL9KWAnYRtNJEkP1u1b
</a
></b
>.
</p
>
86 <title>Kommentarer til «Evaluation of (il)legality» for Popcorn Time
</title>
87 <link>http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/Kommentarer_til__Evaluation_of__il_legality__for_Popcorn_Time.html
</link>
88 <guid isPermaLink=
"true">http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/Kommentarer_til__Evaluation_of__il_legality__for_Popcorn_Time.html
</guid>
89 <pubDate>Wed,
20 Dec
2017 11:
40:
00 +
0100</pubDate>
90 <description><p
>I går var jeg i Follo tingrett som sakkyndig vitne og presenterte
91 mine undersøkelser rundt
92 <a href=
"https://github.com/petterreinholdtsen/public-domain-free-imdb
">telling
93 av filmverk i det fri
</a
>, relatert til
94 <a href=
"https://www.nuug.no/
">foreningen NUUG
</a
>s involvering i
95 <a href=
"https://www.nuug.no/news/tags/dns-domenebeslag/
">saken om
96 Økokrims beslag og senere inndragning av DNS-domenet
97 popcorn-time.no
</a
>. Jeg snakket om flere ting, men mest om min
98 vurdering av hvordan filmbransjen har målt hvor ulovlig Popcorn Time
99 er. Filmbransjens måling er så vidt jeg kan se videreformidlet uten
100 endringer av norsk politi, og domstolene har lagt målingen til grunn
101 når de har vurdert Popcorn Time både i Norge og i utlandet (tallet
102 99% er referert også i utenlandske domsavgjørelser).
</p
>
104 <p
>I forkant av mitt vitnemål skrev jeg et notat, mest til meg selv,
105 med de punktene jeg ønsket å få frem. Her er en kopi av notatet jeg
106 skrev og ga til aktoratet. Merkelig nok ville ikke dommerene ha
107 notatet, så hvis jeg forsto rettsprosessen riktig ble kun
108 histogram-grafen lagt inn i dokumentasjonen i saken. Dommerne var
109 visst bare interessert i å forholde seg til det jeg sa i retten,
110 ikke det jeg hadde skrevet i forkant. Uansett så antar jeg at flere
111 enn meg kan ha glede av teksten, og publiserer den derfor her.
112 Legger ved avskrift av dokument
09,
13, som er det sentrale
113 dokumentet jeg kommenterer.
</p
>
115 <p
><strong
>Kommentarer til «Evaluation of (il)legality» for Popcorn
116 Time
</strong
></p
>
118 <p
><strong
>Oppsummering
</strong
></p
>
120 <p
>Målemetoden som Økokrim har lagt til grunn når de påstår at
99% av
121 filmene tilgjengelig fra Popcorn Time deles ulovlig har
124 <p
>De eller den som har vurdert hvorvidt filmer kan lovlig deles har
125 ikke lyktes med å identifisere filmer som kan deles lovlig og har
126 tilsynelatende antatt at kun veldig gamle filmer kan deles lovlig.
127 Økokrim legger til grunn at det bare finnes èn film, Charlie
128 Chaplin-filmen «The Circus» fra
1928, som kan deles fritt blant de
129 som ble observert tilgjengelig via ulike Popcorn Time-varianter.
130 Jeg finner tre flere blant de observerte filmene: «The Brain That
131 Wouldn
't Die» fra
1962, «God’s Little Acre» fra
1958 og «She Wore a
132 Yellow Ribbon» fra
1949. Det er godt mulig det finnes flere. Det
133 finnes dermed minst fire ganger så mange filmer som lovlig kan deles
134 på Internett i datasettet Økokrim har lagt til grunn når det påstås
135 at mindre enn
1 % kan deles lovlig.
</p
>
137 <p
>Dernest, utplukket som gjøres ved søk på tilfeldige ord hentet fra
138 ordlisten til Dale-Chall avviker fra årsfordelingen til de brukte
139 filmkatalogene som helhet, hvilket påvirker fordelingen mellom
140 filmer som kan lovlig deles og filmer som ikke kan lovlig deles. I
141 tillegg gir valg av øvre del (de fem første) av søkeresultatene et
142 avvik fra riktig årsfordeling, hvilket påvirker fordelingen av verk
143 i det fri i søkeresultatet.
</p
>
145 <p
>Det som måles er ikke (u)lovligheten knyttet til bruken av Popcorn
146 Time, men (u)lovligheten til innholdet i bittorrent-filmkataloger
147 som vedlikeholdes uavhengig av Popcorn Time.
</p
>
149 <p
>Omtalte dokumenter:
09,
12,
<a href=
"#dok-
09-
13">09,
13</a
>,
09,
14,
150 09,
18,
09,
19,
09,
20.
</p
>
152 <p
><strong
>Utfyllende kommentarer
</strong
></p
>
154 <p
>Økokrim har forklart domstolene at minst
99% av alt som er
155 tilgjengelig fra ulike Popcorn Time-varianter deles ulovlig på
156 Internet. Jeg ble nysgjerrig på hvordan de er kommet frem til dette
157 tallet, og dette notatet er en samling kommentarer rundt målingen
158 Økokrim henviser til. Litt av bakgrunnen for at jeg valgte å se på
159 saken er at jeg er interessert i å identifisere og telle hvor mange
160 kunstneriske verk som er falt i det fri eller av andre grunner kan
161 lovlig deles på Internett, og dermed var interessert i hvordan en
162 hadde funnet den ene prosenten som kanskje deles lovlig.
</p
>
164 <p
>Andelen på
99% kommer fra et ukreditert og udatert notatet som tar
165 mål av seg å dokumentere en metode for å måle hvor (u)lovlig ulike
166 Popcorn Time-varianter er.
</p
>
168 <p
>Raskt oppsummert, så forteller metodedokumentet at på grunn av at
169 det ikke er mulig å få tak i komplett liste over alle filmtitler
170 tilgjengelig via Popcorn Time, så lages noe som skal være et
171 representativt utvalg ved å velge
50 søkeord større enn tre tegn fra
172 ordlisten kjent som Dale-Chall. For hvert søkeord gjøres et søk og
173 de første fem filmene i søkeresultatet samles inn inntil
100 unike
174 filmtitler er funnet. Hvis
50 søkeord ikke var tilstrekkelig for å
175 nå
100 unike filmtitler ble flere filmer fra hvert søkeresultat lagt
176 til. Hvis dette heller ikke var tilstrekkelig, så ble det hentet ut
177 og søkt på flere tilfeldig valgte søkeord inntil
100 unike
178 filmtitler var identifisert.
</p
>
180 <p
>Deretter ble for hver av filmtitlene «vurdert hvorvidt det var
181 rimelig å forvente om at verket var vernet av copyright, ved å se på
182 om filmen var tilgjengelig i IMDB, samt se på regissør,
183 utgivelsesår, når det var utgitt for bestemte markedsområder samt
184 hvilke produksjons- og distribusjonsselskap som var registrert» (min
185 oversettelse).
</p
>
187 <p
>Metoden er gjengitt både i de ukrediterte dokumentene
09,
13 og
188 09,
19, samt beskrevet fra side
47 i dokument
09,
20, lysark datert
189 2017-
02-
01. Sistnevnte er kreditert Geerart Bourlon fra Motion
190 Picture Association EMEA. Metoden virker å ha flere svakheter som
191 gir resultatene en slagside. Den starter med å slå fast at det ikke
192 er mulig å hente ut en komplett liste over alle filmtitler som er
193 tilgjengelig, og at dette er bakgrunnen for metodevalget. Denne
194 forutsetningen er ikke i tråd med det som står i dokument
09,
12, som
195 ikke heller har oppgitt forfatter og dato. Dokument
09,
12 forteller
196 hvordan hele kataloginnholdet ble lasted ned og talt opp. Dokument
197 09,
12 er muligens samme rapport som ble referert til i dom fra Oslo
199 (
<a href=
"https://www.domstol.no/no/Enkelt-domstol/Oslo--tingrett/Nyheter/ma-sperre-for-popcorn-time/
">sak
200 17-
093347TVI-OTIR/
05</a
>) som rapport av
1. juni
2017 av Alexander
201 Kind Petersen, men jeg har ikke sammenlignet dokumentene ord for ord
202 for å kontrollere dette.
</p
>
204 <p
>IMDB er en forkortelse for The Internet Movie Database, en
205 anerkjent kommersiell nettjeneste som brukes aktivt av både
206 filmbransjen og andre til å holde rede på hvilke spillefilmer (og
207 endel andre filmer) som finnes eller er under produksjon, og
208 informasjon om disse filmene. Datakvaliteten er høy, med få feil og
209 få filmer som mangler. IMDB viser ikke informasjon om
210 opphavsrettslig status for filmene på infosiden for hver film. Som
211 del av IMDB-tjenesten finnes det lister med filmer laget av
212 frivillige som lister opp det som antas å være verk i det fri.
</p
>
214 <p
>Det finnes flere kilder som kan brukes til å finne filmer som er
215 allemannseie (public domain) eller har bruksvilkår som gjør det
216 lovlig for alleå dele dem på Internett. Jeg har de siste ukene
217 forsøkt å samle og krysskoble disse listene for å forsøke å telle
218 antall filmer i det fri. Ved å ta utgangspunkt i slike lister (og
219 publiserte filmer for Internett-arkivets del), har jeg så langt
220 klart å identifisere over
11 000 filmer, hovedsaklig spillefilmer.
222 <p
>De aller fleste oppføringene er hentet fra IMDB selv, basert på det
223 faktum at alle filmer laget i USA før
1923 er falt i det fri.
224 Tilsvarende tidsgrense for Storbritannia er
1912-
07-
01, men dette
225 utgjør bare veldig liten del av spillefilmene i IMDB (
19 totalt).
226 En annen stor andel kommer fra Internett-arkivet, der jeg har
227 identifisert filmer med referanse til IMDB. Internett-arkivet, som
228 holder til i USA, har som
229 <a href=
"https://archive.org/about/terms.php
">policy å kun publisere
230 filmer som det er lovlig å distribuere
</a
>. Jeg har under arbeidet
231 kommet over flere filmer som har blitt fjernet fra
232 Internett-arkivet, hvilket gjør at jeg konkluderer med at folkene
233 som kontrollerer Internett-arkivet har et aktivt forhold til å kun
234 ha lovlig innhold der, selv om det i stor grad er drevet av
235 frivillige. En annen stor liste med filmer kommer fra det
236 kommersielle selskapet Retro Film Vault, som selger allemannseide
237 filmer til TV- og filmbransjen, Jeg har også benyttet meg av lister
238 over filmer som hevdes å være allemannseie, det være seg Public
239 Domain Review, Public Domain Torrents og Public Domain Movies (.net
240 og .info), samt lister over filmer med Creative Commons-lisensiering
241 fra Wikipedia, VODO og The Hill Productions. Jeg har gjort endel
242 stikkontroll ved å vurdere filmer som kun omtales på en liste. Der
243 jeg har funnet feil som har gjort meg i tvil om vurderingen til de
244 som har laget listen har jeg forkastet listen fullstendig (gjelder
245 en liste fra IMDB).
</p
>
247 <p
>Ved å ta utgangspunkt i verk som kan antas å være lovlig delt på
248 Internett (fra blant annet Internett-arkivet, Public Domain
249 Torrents, Public Domain Reivew og Public Domain Movies), og knytte
250 dem til oppføringer i IMDB, så har jeg så langt klart å identifisere
251 over
11 000 filmer (hovedsaklig spillefilmer) det er grunn til å tro
252 kan lovlig distribueres av alle på Internett. Som ekstra kilder er
253 det brukt lister over filmer som antas/påstås å være allemannseie.
254 Disse kildene kommer fra miljøer som jobber for å gjøre tilgjengelig
255 for almennheten alle verk som er falt i det fri eller har
256 bruksvilkår som tillater deling.
258 <p
>I tillegg til de over
11 000 filmene der tittel-ID i IMDB er
259 identifisert, har jeg funnet mer enn
20 000 oppføringer der jeg ennå
260 ikke har hatt kapasitet til å spore opp tittel-ID i IMDB. Noen av
261 disse er nok duplikater av de IMDB-oppføringene som er identifisert
262 så langt, men neppe alle. Retro Film Vault hevder å ha
44 000
263 filmverk i det fri i sin katalog, så det er mulig at det reelle
264 tallet er betydelig høyere enn de jeg har klart å identifisere så
265 langt. Konklusjonen er at tallet
11 000 er nedre grense for hvor
266 mange filmer i IMDB som kan lovlig deles på Internett. I følge
<a
267 href=
"http://www.imdb.com/stats
">statistikk fra IMDB
</a
> er det
4.6
268 millioner titler registrert, hvorav
3 millioner er TV-serieepisoder.
269 Jeg har ikke funnet ut hvordan de fordeler seg per år.
</p
>
271 <p
>Hvis en fordeler på år alle tittel-IDene i IMDB som hevdes å lovlig
272 kunne deles på Internett, får en følgende histogram:
</p
>
274 <p align=
"center
"><img width=
"80%
" src=
"http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/images/
2017-
12-
20-histogram-year.png
"></p
>
276 <p
>En kan i histogrammet se at effekten av manglende registrering
277 eller fornying av registrering er at mange filmer gitt ut i USA før
278 1978 er allemannseie i dag. I tillegg kan en se at det finnes flere
279 filmer gitt ut de siste årene med bruksvilkår som tillater deling,
280 muligens på grunn av fremveksten av
281 <a href=
"https://creativecommons.org/
">Creative
282 Commons
</a
>-bevegelsen..
</p
>
284 <p
>For maskinell analyse av katalogene har jeg laget et lite program
285 som kobler seg til bittorrent-katalogene som brukes av ulike Popcorn
286 Time-varianter og laster ned komplett liste over filmer i
287 katalogene, noe som bekrefter at det er mulig å hente ned komplett
288 liste med alle filmtitler som er tilgjengelig. Jeg har sett på fire
289 bittorrent-kataloger. Den ene brukes av klienten tilgjengelig fra
290 www.popcorntime.sh og er navngitt
'sh
' i dette dokumentet. Den
291 andre brukes i følge dokument
09,
12 av klienten tilgjengelig fra
292 popcorntime.ag og popcorntime.sh og er navngitt
'yts
' i dette
293 dokumentet. Den tredje brukes av websidene tilgjengelig fra
294 popcorntime-online.tv og er navngitt
'apidomain
' i dette dokumentet.
295 Den fjerde brukes av klienten tilgjenglig fra popcorn-time.to i
296 følge dokument
09,
12, og er navngitt
'ukrfnlge
' i dette
297 dokumentet.
</p
>
299 <p
>Metoden Økokrim legger til grunn skriver i sitt punkt fire at
300 skjønn er en egnet metode for å finne ut om en film kan lovlig deles
301 på Internett eller ikke, og sier at det ble «vurdert hvorvidt det
302 var rimelig å forvente om at verket var vernet av copyright». For
303 det første er det ikke nok å slå fast om en film er «vernet av
304 copyright» for å vite om det er lovlig å dele den på Internett eller
305 ikke, da det finnes flere filmer med opphavsrettslige bruksvilkår
306 som tillater deling på Internett. Eksempler på dette er Creative
307 Commons-lisensierte filmer som Citizenfour fra
2014 og Sintel fra
308 2010. I tillegg til slike finnes det flere filmer som nå er
309 allemannseie (public domain) på grunn av manglende registrering
310 eller fornying av registrering selv om både regisør,
311 produksjonsselskap og distributør ønsker seg vern. Eksempler på
312 dette er Plan
9 from Outer Space fra
1959 og Night of the Living
313 Dead fra
1968. Alle filmer fra USA som var allemannseie før
314 1989-
03-
01 forble i det fri da Bern-konvensjonen, som tok effekt i
315 USA på det tidspunktet, ikke ble gitt tilbakevirkende kraft. Hvis
317 <a href=
"http://www.latimes.com/local/lanow/la-me-ln-happy-birthday-song-lawsuit-decision-
20150922-story.html
">historien
318 om sangen «Happy birthday»
</a
> forteller oss, der betaling for bruk
319 har vært krevd inn i flere tiår selv om sangen ikke egentlig var
320 vernet av åndsverksloven, så er det at hvert enkelt verk må vurderes
321 nøye og i detalj før en kan slå fast om verket er allemannseie eller
322 ikke, det holder ikke å tro på selverklærte rettighetshavere. Flere
323 eksempel på verk i det fri som feilklassifiseres som vernet er fra
324 dokument
09,
18, som lister opp søkeresultater for klienten omtalt
325 som popcorntime.sh og i følge notatet kun inneholder en film (The
326 Circus fra
1928) som under tvil kan antas å være allemannseie.
</p
>
328 <p
>Ved rask gjennomlesning av dokument
09,
18, som inneholder
329 skjermbilder fra bruk av en Popcorn Time-variant, fant jeg omtalt
330 både filmen «The Brain That Wouldn
't Die» fra
1962 som er
331 <a href=
"https://archive.org/details/brain_that_wouldnt_die
">tilgjengelig
332 fra Internett-arkivet
</a
> og som
333 <a href=
"https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/List_of_films_in_the_public_domain_in_the_United_States
">i
334 følge Wikipedia er allemannseie i USA
</a
> da den ble gitt ut i
335 1962 uten
'copyright
'-merking, og filmen «God’s Little Acre» fra
336 1958 <a href=
"https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/God%
27s_Little_Acre_%
28film%
29">som
337 er lagt ut på Wikipedia
</a
>, der det fortelles at
338 sort/hvit-utgaven er allemannseie. Det fremgår ikke fra dokument
339 09,
18 om filmen omtalt der er sort/hvit-utgaven. Av
340 kapasitetsårsaker og på grunn av at filmoversikten i dokument
09,
18
341 ikke er maskinlesbart har jeg ikke forsøkt å sjekke alle filmene som
342 listes opp der om mot liste med filmer som er antatt lovlig kan
343 distribueres på Internet.
</p
>
345 <p
>Ved maskinell gjennomgang av listen med IMDB-referanser under
346 regnearkfanen
'Unique titles
' i dokument
09.14, fant jeg i tillegg
347 filmen «She Wore a Yellow Ribbon» fra
1949) som nok også er
348 feilklassifisert. Filmen «She Wore a Yellow Ribbon» er tilgjengelig
349 fra Internett-arkivet og markert som allemannseie der. Det virker
350 dermed å være minst fire ganger så mange filmer som kan lovlig deles
351 på Internett enn det som er lagt til grunn når en påstår at minst
352 99% av innholdet er ulovlig. Jeg ser ikke bort fra at nærmere
353 undersøkelser kan avdekke flere. Poenget er uansett at metodens
354 punkt om «rimelig å forvente om at verket var vernet av copyright»
355 gjør metoden upålitelig.
</p
>
357 <p
>Den omtalte målemetoden velger ut tilfeldige søketermer fra
358 ordlisten Dale-Chall. Den ordlisten inneholder
3000 enkle engelske
359 som fjerdeklassinger i USA er forventet å forstå. Det fremgår ikke
360 hvorfor akkurat denne ordlisten er valgt, og det er uklart for meg
361 om den er egnet til å få et representativt utvalg av filmer. Mange
362 av ordene gir tomt søkeresultat. Ved å simulerte tilsvarende søk
363 ser jeg store avvik fra fordelingen i katalogen for enkeltmålinger.
364 Dette antyder at enkeltmålinger av
100 filmer slik målemetoden
365 beskriver er gjort, ikke er velegnet til å finne andel ulovlig
366 innhold i bittorrent-katalogene.
</p
>
368 <p
>En kan motvirke dette store avviket for enkeltmålinger ved å gjøre
369 mange søk og slå sammen resultatet. Jeg har testet ved å
370 gjennomføre
100 enkeltmålinger (dvs. måling av (
100x100=)
10 000
371 tilfeldig valgte filmer) som gir mindre, men fortsatt betydelig
372 avvik, i forhold til telling av filmer pr år i hele katalogen.
</p
>
374 <p
>Målemetoden henter ut de fem øverste i søkeresultatet.
375 Søkeresultatene er sortert på antall bittorrent-klienter registrert
376 som delere i katalogene, hvilket kan gi en slagside mot hvilke
377 filmer som er populære blant de som bruker bittorrent-katalogene,
378 uten at det forteller noe om hvilket innhold som er tilgjengelig
379 eller hvilket innhold som deles med Popcorn Time-klienter. Jeg har
380 forsøkt å måle hvor stor en slik slagside eventuelt er ved å
381 sammenligne fordelingen hvis en tar de
5 nederste i søkeresultatet i
382 stedet. Avviket for disse to metodene for endel kataloger er godt
383 synlig på histogramet. Her er histogram over filmer funnet i den
384 komplette katalogen (grønn strek), og filmer funnet ved søk etter
385 ord i Dale-Chall. Grafer merket
'top
' henter fra de
5 første i
386 søkeresultatet, mens de merket
'bottom
' henter fra de
5 siste. En
387 kan her se at resultatene påvirkes betydelig av hvorvidt en ser på
388 de første eller de siste filmene i et søketreff.
</p
>
390 <p align=
"center
">
391 <img width=
"40%
" src=
"http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/images/
2017-
12-
20-histogram-year-sh-top.png
"/
>
392 <img width=
"40%
" src=
"http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/images/
2017-
12-
20-histogram-year-sh-bottom.png
"/
>
394 <img width=
"40%
" src=
"http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/images/
2017-
12-
20-histogram-year-yts-top.png
"/
>
395 <img width=
"40%
" src=
"http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/images/
2017-
12-
20-histogram-year-yts-bottom.png
"/
>
397 <img width=
"40%
" src=
"http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/images/
2017-
12-
20-histogram-year-ukrfnlge-top.png
"/
>
398 <img width=
"40%
" src=
"http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/images/
2017-
12-
20-histogram-year-ukrfnlge-bottom.png
"/
>
400 <img width=
"40%
" src=
"http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/images/
2017-
12-
20-histogram-year-apidomain-top.png
"/
>
401 <img width=
"40%
" src=
"http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/images/
2017-
12-
20-histogram-year-apidomain-bottom.png
"/
>
404 <p
>Det er verdt å bemerke at de omtalte bittorrent-katalogene ikke er
405 laget for bruk med Popcorn Time. Eksempelvis tilhører katalogen
406 YTS, som brukes av klientet som ble lastes ned fra popcorntime.sh,
407 et selvstendig fildelings-relatert nettsted YTS.AG med et separat
408 brukermiljø. Målemetoden foreslått av Økokrim måler dermed ikke
409 (u)lovligheten rundt bruken av Popcorn Time, men (u)lovligheten til
410 innholdet i disse katalogene.
</p
>
414 <p id=
"dok-
09-
13">Metoden fra Økokrims dokument
09,
13 i straffesaken
415 om DNS-beslag.
</p
>
417 <p
><strong
>1. Evaluation of (il)legality
</strong
></p
>
419 <p
><strong
>1.1. Methodology
</strong
>
421 <p
>Due to its technical configuration, Popcorn Time applications don
't
422 allow to make a full list of all titles made available. In order to
423 evaluate the level of illegal operation of PCT, the following
424 methodology was applied:
</p
>
428 <li
>A random selection of
50 keywords, greater than
3 letters, was
429 made from the Dale-Chall list that contains
3000 simple English
430 words1. The selection was made by using a Random Number
431 Generator2.
</li
>
433 <li
>For each keyword, starting with the first randomly selected
434 keyword, a search query was conducted in the movie section of the
435 respective Popcorn Time application. For each keyword, the first
436 five results were added to the title list until the number of
100
437 unique titles was reached (duplicates were removed).
</li
>
439 <li
>For one fork, .CH, insufficient titles were generated via this
440 approach to reach
100 titles. This was solved by adding any
441 additional query results above five for each of the
50 keywords.
442 Since this still was not enough, another
42 random keywords were
443 selected to finally reach
100 titles.
</li
>
445 <li
>It was verified whether or not there is a reasonable expectation
446 that the work is copyrighted by checking if they are available on
447 IMDb, also verifying the director, the year when the title was
448 released, the release date for a certain market, the production
449 company/ies of the title and the distribution company/ies.
</li
>
453 <p
><strong
>1.2. Results
</strong
></p
>
455 <p
>Between
6 and
9 June
2016, four forks of Popcorn Time were
456 investigated: popcorn-time.to, popcorntime.ag, popcorntime.sh and
457 popcorntime.ch. An excel sheet with the results is included in
458 Appendix
1. Screenshots were secured in separate Appendixes for each
459 respective fork, see Appendix
2-
5.
</p
>
461 <p
>For each fork, out of
100, de-duplicated titles it was possible to
462 retrieve data according to the parameters set out above that indicate
463 that the title is commercially available. Per fork, there was
1 title
464 that presumably falls within the public domain, i.e. the
1928 movie
465 "The Circus
" by and with Charles Chaplin.
</p
>
467 <p
>Based on the above it is reasonable to assume that
99% of the movie
468 content of each fork is copyright protected and is made available
471 <p
>This exercise was not repeated for TV series, but considering that
472 besides production companies and distribution companies also
473 broadcasters may have relevant rights, it is reasonable to assume that
474 at least a similar level of infringement will be established.
</p
>
476 <p
>Based on the above it is reasonable to assume that
99% of all the
477 content of each fork is copyright protected and are made available
483 <title>Cura, the nice
3D print slicer, is now in Debian Unstable
</title>
484 <link>http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/Cura__the_nice_3D_print_slicer__is_now_in_Debian_Unstable.html
</link>
485 <guid isPermaLink=
"true">http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/Cura__the_nice_3D_print_slicer__is_now_in_Debian_Unstable.html
</guid>
486 <pubDate>Sun,
17 Dec
2017 07:
00:
00 +
0100</pubDate>
487 <description><p
>After several months of working and waiting, I am happy to report
488 that the nice and user friendly
3D printer slicer software Cura just
489 entered Debian Unstable. It consist of five packages,
490 <a href=
"https://tracker.debian.org/pkg/cura
">cura
</a
>,
491 <a href=
"https://tracker.debian.org/pkg/cura-engine
">cura-engine
</a
>,
492 <a href=
"https://tracker.debian.org/pkg/libarcus
">libarcus
</a
>,
493 <a href=
"https://tracker.debian.org/pkg/fdm-materials
">fdm-materials
</a
>,
494 <a href=
"https://tracker.debian.org/pkg/libsavitar
">libsavitar
</a
> and
495 <a href=
"https://tracker.debian.org/pkg/uranium
">uranium
</a
>. The last
496 two, uranium and cura, entered Unstable yesterday. This should make
497 it easier for Debian users to print on at least the Ultimaker class of
498 3D printers. My nearest
3D printer is an Ultimaker
2+, so it will
499 make life easier for at least me. :)
</p
>
501 <p
>The work to make this happen was done by Gregor Riepl, and I was
502 happy to assist him in sponsoring the packages. With the introduction
503 of Cura, Debian is up to three
3D printer slicers at your service,
504 Cura, Slic3r and Slic3r Prusa. If you own or have access to a
3D
505 printer, give it a go. :)
</p
>
507 <p
>The
3D printer software is maintained by the
3D printer Debian
508 team, flocking together on the
509 <a href=
"http://lists.alioth.debian.org/cgi-bin/mailman/listinfo/
3dprinter-general
">3dprinter-general
</a
>
511 <a href=
"irc://irc.debian.org/#debian-
3dprinting
">#debian-
3dprinting
</a
>
512 IRC channel.
</p
>
514 <p
>The next step for Cura in Debian is to update the cura package to
515 version
3.0.3 and then update the entire set of packages to version
516 3.1.0 which showed up the last few days.
</p
>
521 <title>Idea for finding all public domain movies in the USA
</title>
522 <link>http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/Idea_for_finding_all_public_domain_movies_in_the_USA.html
</link>
523 <guid isPermaLink=
"true">http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/Idea_for_finding_all_public_domain_movies_in_the_USA.html
</guid>
524 <pubDate>Wed,
13 Dec
2017 10:
15:
00 +
0100</pubDate>
525 <description><p
>While looking at
526 <a href=
"http://onlinebooks.library.upenn.edu/cce/
">the scanned copies
527 for the copyright renewal entries for movies published in the USA
</a
>,
528 an idea occurred to me. The number of renewals are so few per year, it
529 should be fairly quick to transcribe them all and add references to
530 the corresponding IMDB title ID. This would give the (presumably)
531 complete list of movies published
28 years earlier that did _not_
532 enter the public domain for the transcribed year. By fetching the
533 list of USA movies published
28 years earlier and subtract the movies
534 with renewals, we should be left with movies registered in IMDB that
535 are now in the public domain. For the year
1955 (which is the one I
536 have looked at the most), the total number of pages to transcribe is
537 21. For the
28 years from
1950 to
1978, it should be in the range
538 500-
600 pages. It is just a few days of work, and spread among a
539 small group of people it should be doable in a few weeks of spare
542 <p
>A typical copyright renewal entry look like this (the first one
543 listed for
1955):
</p
>
545 <p
><blockquote
>
546 ADAM AND EVIL, a photoplay in seven reels by Metro-Goldwyn-Mayer
547 Distribution Corp. (c)
17Aug27; L24293. Loew
's Incorporated (PWH);
549 </blockquote
></p
>
551 <p
>The movie title as well as registration and renewal dates are easy
552 enough to locate by a program (split on first comma and look for
553 DDmmmYY). The rest of the text is not required to find the movie in
554 IMDB, but is useful to confirm the correct movie is found. I am not
555 quite sure what the L and R numbers mean, but suspect they are
556 reference numbers into the archive of the US Copyright Office.
</p
>
558 <p
>Tracking down the equivalent IMDB title ID is probably going to be
559 a manual task, but given the year it is fairly easy to search for the
560 movie title using for example
561 <a href=
"http://www.imdb.com/find?q=adam+and+evil+
1927&s=all
">http://www.imdb.com/find?q=adam+and+evil+
1927&s=all
</a
>.
562 Using this search, I find that the equivalent IMDB title ID for the
563 first renewal entry from
1955 is
564 <a href=
"http://www.imdb.com/title/tt0017588/
">http://www.imdb.com/title/tt0017588/
</a
>.
</p
>
566 <p
>I suspect the best way to do this would be to make a specialised
567 web service to make it easy for contributors to transcribe and track
568 down IMDB title IDs. In the web service, once a entry is transcribed,
569 the title and year could be extracted from the text, a search in IMDB
570 conducted for the user to pick the equivalent IMDB title ID right
571 away. By spreading out the work among volunteers, it would also be
572 possible to make at least two persons transcribe the same entries to
573 be able to discover any typos introduced. But I will need help to
574 make this happen, as I lack the spare time to do all of this on my
575 own. If you would like to help, please get in touch. Perhaps you can
576 draft a web service for crowd sourcing the task?
</p
>
578 <p
>Note, Project Gutenberg already have some
579 <a href=
"http://www.gutenberg.org/ebooks/search/?query=copyright+office+renewals
">transcribed
580 copies of the US Copyright Office renewal protocols
</a
>, but I have
581 not been able to find any film renewals there, so I suspect they only
582 have copies of renewal for written works. I have not been able to find
583 any transcribed versions of movie renewals so far. Perhaps they exist
586 <p
>I would love to figure out methods for finding all the public
587 domain works in other countries too, but it is a lot harder. At least
588 for Norway and Great Britain, such work involve tracking down the
589 people involved in making the movie and figuring out when they died.
590 It is hard enough to figure out who was part of making a movie, but I
591 do not know how to automate such procedure without a registry of every
592 person involved in making movies and their death year.
</p
>
594 <p
>As usual, if you use Bitcoin and want to show your support of my
595 activities, please send Bitcoin donations to my address
596 <b
><a href=
"bitcoin:
15oWEoG9dUPovwmUL9KWAnYRtNJEkP1u1b
">15oWEoG9dUPovwmUL9KWAnYRtNJEkP1u1b
</a
></b
>.
</p
>
601 <title>Is the short movie «Empty Socks» from
1927 in the public domain or not?
</title>
602 <link>http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/Is_the_short_movie__Empty_Socks__from_1927_in_the_public_domain_or_not_.html
</link>
603 <guid isPermaLink=
"true">http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/Is_the_short_movie__Empty_Socks__from_1927_in_the_public_domain_or_not_.html
</guid>
604 <pubDate>Tue,
5 Dec
2017 12:
30:
00 +
0100</pubDate>
605 <description><p
>Three years ago, a presumed lost animation film,
606 <a href=
"https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Empty_Socks
">Empty Socks from
607 1927</a
>, was discovered in the Norwegian National Library. At the
608 time it was discovered, it was generally assumed to be copyrighted by
609 The Walt Disney Company, and I blogged about
610 <a href=
"http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/Opphavsretts_status_for__Empty_Socks__fra_1927_.html
">my
611 reasoning to conclude
</a
> that it would would enter the Norwegian
612 equivalent of the public domain in
2053, based on my understanding of
613 Norwegian Copyright Law. But a few days ago, I came across
614 <a href=
"http://www.toonzone.net/forums/threads/exposed-disneys-repurchase-of-oswald-the-rabbit-a-sham
.4792291/
">a
615 blog post claiming the movie was already in the public domain
</a
>, at
616 least in USA. The reasoning is as follows: The film was released in
617 November or Desember
1927 (sources disagree), and presumably
618 registered its copyright that year. At that time, right holders of
619 movies registered by the copyright office received government
620 protection for there work for
28 years. After
28 years, the copyright
621 had to be renewed if the wanted the government to protect it further.
622 The blog post I found claim such renewal did not happen for this
623 movie, and thus it entered the public domain in
1956. Yet someone
624 claim the copyright was renewed and the movie is still copyright
625 protected. Can anyone help me to figure out which claim is correct?
626 I have not been able to find Empty Socks in Catalog of copyright
627 entries. Ser
.3 pt
.12-
13 v
.9-
12 1955-
1958 Motion Pictures
628 <a href=
"http://onlinebooks.library.upenn.edu/cce/
1955r.html#film
">available
629 from the University of Pennsylvania
</a
>, neither in
630 <a href=
"https://babel.hathitrust.org/cgi/pt?id=mdp
.39015084451130;page=root;view=image;size=
100;seq=
83;num=
45">page
631 45 for the first half of
1955</a
>, nor in
632 <a href=
"https://babel.hathitrust.org/cgi/pt?id=mdp
.39015084451130;page=root;view=image;size=
100;seq=
175;num=
119">page
633 119 for the second half of
1955</a
>. It is of course possible that
634 the renewal entry was left out of the printed catalog by mistake. Is
635 there some way to rule out this possibility? Please help, and update
636 the wikipedia page with your findings.
638 <p
>As usual, if you use Bitcoin and want to show your support of my
639 activities, please send Bitcoin donations to my address
640 <b
><a href=
"bitcoin:
15oWEoG9dUPovwmUL9KWAnYRtNJEkP1u1b
">15oWEoG9dUPovwmUL9KWAnYRtNJEkP1u1b
</a
></b
>.
</p
>
645 <title>Metadata proposal for movies on the Internet Archive
</title>
646 <link>http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/Metadata_proposal_for_movies_on_the_Internet_Archive.html
</link>
647 <guid isPermaLink=
"true">http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/Metadata_proposal_for_movies_on_the_Internet_Archive.html
</guid>
648 <pubDate>Tue,
28 Nov
2017 12:
00:
00 +
0100</pubDate>
649 <description><p
>It would be easier to locate the movie you want to watch in
650 <a href=
"https://www.archive.org/
">the Internet Archive
</a
>, if the
651 metadata about each movie was more complete and accurate. In the
652 archiving community, a well known saying state that good metadata is a
653 love letter to the future. The metadata in the Internet Archive could
654 use a face lift for the future to love us back. Here is a proposal
655 for a small improvement that would make the metadata more useful
656 today. I
've been unable to find any document describing the various
657 standard fields available when uploading videos to the archive, so
658 this proposal is based on my best quess and searching through several
659 of the existing movies.
</p
>
661 <p
>I have a few use cases in mind. First of all, I would like to be
662 able to count the number of distinct movies in the Internet Archive,
663 without duplicates. I would further like to identify the IMDB title
664 ID of the movies in the Internet Archive, to be able to look up a IMDB
665 title ID and know if I can fetch the video from there and share it
666 with my friends.
</p
>
668 <p
>Second, I would like the Butter data provider for The Internet
670 (
<a href=
"https://github.com/butterproviders/butter-provider-archive
">available
671 from github
</a
>), to list as many of the good movies as possible. The
672 plugin currently do a search in the archive with the following
673 parameters:
</p
>
676 collection:moviesandfilms
677 AND NOT collection:movie_trailers
678 AND -mediatype:collection
679 AND format:
"Archive BitTorrent
"
681 </pre
></p
>
683 <p
>Most of the cool movies that fail to show up in Butter do so
684 because the
'year
' field is missing. The
'year
' field is populated by
685 the year part from the
'date
' field, and should be when the movie was
686 released (date or year). Two such examples are
687 <a href=
"https://archive.org/details/SidneyOlcottsBen-hur1905
">Ben Hur
688 from
1905</a
> and
689 <a href=
"https://archive.org/details/Caminandes2GranDillama
">Caminandes
690 2: Gran Dillama from
2013</a
>, where the year metadata field is
693 So, my proposal is simply, for every movie in The Internet Archive
694 where an IMDB title ID exist, please fill in these metadata fields
695 (note, they can be updated also long after the video was uploaded, but
696 as far as I can tell, only by the uploader):
700 <dt
>mediatype
</dt
>
701 <dd
>Should be
'movie
' for movies.
</dd
>
703 <dt
>collection
</dt
>
704 <dd
>Should contain
'moviesandfilms
'.
</dd
>
706 <dt
>title
</dt
>
707 <dd
>The title of the movie, without the publication year.
</dd
>
709 <dt
>date
</dt
>
710 <dd
>The data or year the movie was released. This make the movie show
711 up in Butter, as well as make it possible to know the age of the
712 movie and is useful to figure out copyright status.
</dd
>
714 <dt
>director
</dt
>
715 <dd
>The director of the movie. This make it easier to know if the
716 correct movie is found in movie databases.
</dd
>
718 <dt
>publisher
</dt
>
719 <dd
>The production company making the movie. Also useful for
720 identifying the correct movie.
</dd
>
722 <dt
>links
</dt
>
724 <dd
>Add a link to the IMDB title page, for example like this:
&lt;a
725 href=
"http://www.imdb.com/title/tt0028496/
"&gt;Movie in
726 IMDB
&lt;/a
&gt;. This make it easier to find duplicates and allow for
727 counting of number of unique movies in the Archive. Other external
728 references, like to TMDB, could be added like this too.
</dd
>
732 <p
>I did consider proposing a Custom field for the IMDB title ID (for
733 example
'imdb_title_url
',
'imdb_code
' or simply
'imdb
', but suspect it
734 will be easier to simply place it in the links free text field.
</p
>
737 <a href=
"https://github.com/petterreinholdtsen/public-domain-free-imdb
">a
738 list of IMDB title IDs for several thousand movies in the Internet
739 Archive
</a
>, but I also got a list of several thousand movies without
740 such IMDB title ID (and quite a few duplicates). It would be great if
741 this data set could be integrated into the Internet Archive metadata
742 to be available for everyone in the future, but with the current
743 policy of leaving metadata editing to the uploaders, it will take a
744 while before this happen. If you have uploaded movies into the
745 Internet Archive, you can help. Please consider following my proposal
746 above for your movies, to ensure that movie is properly
747 counted. :)
</p
>
749 <p
>The list is mostly generated using wikidata, which based on
750 Wikipedia articles make it possible to link between IMDB and movies in
751 the Internet Archive. But there are lots of movies without a
752 Wikipedia article, and some movies where only a collection page exist
753 (like for
<a href=
"https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Caminandes
">the
754 Caminandes example above
</a
>, where there are three movies but only
755 one Wikidata entry).
</p
>
757 <p
>As usual, if you use Bitcoin and want to show your support of my
758 activities, please send Bitcoin donations to my address
759 <b
><a href=
"bitcoin:
15oWEoG9dUPovwmUL9KWAnYRtNJEkP1u1b
">15oWEoG9dUPovwmUL9KWAnYRtNJEkP1u1b
</a
></b
>.
</p
>
764 <title>Legal to share more than
3000 movies listed on IMDB?
</title>
765 <link>http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/Legal_to_share_more_than_3000_movies_listed_on_IMDB_.html
</link>
766 <guid isPermaLink=
"true">http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/Legal_to_share_more_than_3000_movies_listed_on_IMDB_.html
</guid>
767 <pubDate>Sat,
18 Nov
2017 21:
20:
00 +
0100</pubDate>
768 <description><p
>A month ago, I blogged about my work to
769 <a href=
"http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/Locating_IMDB_IDs_of_movies_in_the_Internet_Archive_using_Wikidata.html
">automatically
770 check the copyright status of IMDB entries
</a
>, and try to count the
771 number of movies listed in IMDB that is legal to distribute on the
772 Internet. I have continued to look for good data sources, and
773 identified a few more. The code used to extract information from
774 various data sources is available in
775 <a href=
"https://github.com/petterreinholdtsen/public-domain-free-imdb
">a
776 git repository
</a
>, currently available from github.
</p
>
778 <p
>So far I have identified
3186 unique IMDB title IDs. To gain
779 better understanding of the structure of the data set, I created a
780 histogram of the year associated with each movie (typically release
781 year). It is interesting to notice where the peaks and dips in the
782 graph are located. I wonder why they are placed there. I suspect
783 World War II caused the dip around
1940, but what caused the peak
784 around
2010?
</p
>
786 <p align=
"center
"><img src=
"http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/images/
2017-
11-
18-verk-i-det-fri-filmer.png
" /
></p
>
788 <p
>I
've so far identified ten sources for IMDB title IDs for movies in
789 the public domain or with a free license. This is the statistics
790 reported when running
'make stats
' in the git repository:
</p
>
793 249 entries (
6 unique) with and
288 without IMDB title ID in free-movies-archive-org-butter.json
794 2301 entries (
540 unique) with and
0 without IMDB title ID in free-movies-archive-org-wikidata.json
795 830 entries (
29 unique) with and
0 without IMDB title ID in free-movies-icheckmovies-archive-mochard.json
796 2109 entries (
377 unique) with and
0 without IMDB title ID in free-movies-imdb-pd.json
797 291 entries (
122 unique) with and
0 without IMDB title ID in free-movies-letterboxd-pd.json
798 144 entries (
135 unique) with and
0 without IMDB title ID in free-movies-manual.json
799 350 entries (
1 unique) with and
801 without IMDB title ID in free-movies-publicdomainmovies.json
800 4 entries (
0 unique) with and
124 without IMDB title ID in free-movies-publicdomainreview.json
801 698 entries (
119 unique) with and
118 without IMDB title ID in free-movies-publicdomaintorrents.json
802 8 entries (
8 unique) with and
196 without IMDB title ID in free-movies-vodo.json
803 3186 unique IMDB title IDs in total
806 <p
>The entries without IMDB title ID are candidates to increase the
807 data set, but might equally well be duplicates of entries already
808 listed with IMDB title ID in one of the other sources, or represent
809 movies that lack a IMDB title ID. I
've seen examples of all these
810 situations when peeking at the entries without IMDB title ID. Based
811 on these data sources, the lower bound for movies listed in IMDB that
812 are legal to distribute on the Internet is between
3186 and
4713.
814 <p
>It would be great for improving the accuracy of this measurement,
815 if the various sources added IMDB title ID to their metadata. I have
816 tried to reach the people behind the various sources to ask if they
817 are interested in doing this, without any replies so far. Perhaps you
818 can help me get in touch with the people behind VODO, Public Domain
819 Torrents, Public Domain Movies and Public Domain Review to try to
820 convince them to add more metadata to their movie entries?
</p
>
822 <p
>Another way you could help is by adding pages to Wikipedia about
823 movies that are legal to distribute on the Internet. If such page
824 exist and include a link to both IMDB and The Internet Archive, the
825 script used to generate free-movies-archive-org-wikidata.json should
826 pick up the mapping as soon as wikidata is updates.
</p
>
828 <p
>As usual, if you use Bitcoin and want to show your support of my
829 activities, please send Bitcoin donations to my address
830 <b
><a href=
"bitcoin:
15oWEoG9dUPovwmUL9KWAnYRtNJEkP1u1b
">15oWEoG9dUPovwmUL9KWAnYRtNJEkP1u1b
</a
></b
>.
</p
>
835 <title>Some notes on fault tolerant storage systems
</title>
836 <link>http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/Some_notes_on_fault_tolerant_storage_systems.html
</link>
837 <guid isPermaLink=
"true">http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/Some_notes_on_fault_tolerant_storage_systems.html
</guid>
838 <pubDate>Wed,
1 Nov
2017 15:
35:
00 +
0100</pubDate>
839 <description><p
>If you care about how fault tolerant your storage is, you might
840 find these articles and papers interesting. They have formed how I
841 think of when designing a storage system.
</p
>
845 <li
>USENIX :login;
<a
846 href=
"https://www.usenix.org/publications/login/summer2017/ganesan
">Redundancy
847 Does Not Imply Fault Tolerance. Analysis of Distributed Storage
848 Reactions to Single Errors and Corruptions
</a
> by Aishwarya Ganesan,
849 Ramnatthan Alagappan, Andrea C. Arpaci-Dusseau, and Remzi
850 H. Arpaci-Dusseau
</li
>
853 <a href=
"http://www.zdnet.com/article/why-raid-
5-stops-working-in-
2009/
">Why
854 RAID
5 stops working in
2009</a
> by Robin Harris
</li
>
857 <a href=
"http://www.zdnet.com/article/why-raid-
6-stops-working-in-
2019/
">Why
858 RAID
6 stops working in
2019</a
> by Robin Harris
</li
>
860 <li
>USENIX FAST
'07
861 <a href=
"http://research.google.com/archive/disk_failures.pdf
">Failure
862 Trends in a Large Disk Drive Population
</a
> by Eduardo Pinheiro,
863 Wolf-Dietrich Weber and Luiz André Barroso
</li
>
865 <li
>USENIX ;login:
<a
866 href=
"https://www.usenix.org/system/files/login/articles/hughes12-
04.pdf
">Data
867 Integrity. Finding Truth in a World of Guesses and Lies
</a
> by Doug
870 <li
>USENIX FAST
'08
871 <a href=
"https://www.usenix.org/events/fast08/tech/full_papers/bairavasundaram/bairavasundaram_html/
">An
872 Analysis of Data Corruption in the Storage Stack
</a
> by
873 L. N. Bairavasundaram, G. R. Goodson, B. Schroeder, A. C.
874 Arpaci-Dusseau, and R. H. Arpaci-Dusseau
</li
>
876 <li
>USENIX FAST
'07 <a
877 href=
"https://www.usenix.org/legacy/events/fast07/tech/schroeder/schroeder_html/
">Disk
878 failures in the real world: what does an MTTF of
1,
000,
000 hours mean
879 to you?
</a
> by B. Schroeder and G. A. Gibson.
</li
>
881 <li
>USENIX ;login:
<a
882 href=
"https://www.usenix.org/events/fast08/tech/full_papers/jiang/jiang_html/
">Are
883 Disks the Dominant Contributor for Storage Failures? A Comprehensive
884 Study of Storage Subsystem Failure Characteristics
</a
> by Weihang
885 Jiang, Chongfeng Hu, Yuanyuan Zhou, and Arkady Kanevsky
</li
>
887 <li
>SIGMETRICS
2007
888 <a href=
"http://research.cs.wisc.edu/adsl/Publications/latent-sigmetrics07.pdf
">An
889 analysis of latent sector errors in disk drives
</a
> by
890 L. N. Bairavasundaram, G. R. Goodson, S. Pasupathy, and J. Schindler
</li
>
894 <p
>Several of these research papers are based on data collected from
895 hundred thousands or millions of disk, and their findings are eye
896 opening. The short story is simply do not implicitly trust RAID or
897 redundant storage systems. Details matter. And unfortunately there
898 are few options on Linux addressing all the identified issues. Both
899 ZFS and Btrfs are doing a fairly good job, but have legal and
900 practical issues on their own. I wonder how cluster file systems like
901 Ceph do in this regard. After all, there is an old saying, you know
902 you have a distributed system when the crash of a computer you have
903 never heard of stops you from getting any work done. The same holds
904 true if fault tolerance do not work.
</p
>
906 <p
>Just remember, in the end, it do not matter how redundant, or how
907 fault tolerant your storage is, if you do not continuously monitor its
908 status to detect and replace failed disks.
</p
>
910 <p
>As usual, if you use Bitcoin and want to show your support of my
911 activities, please send Bitcoin donations to my address
912 <b
><a href=
"bitcoin:
15oWEoG9dUPovwmUL9KWAnYRtNJEkP1u1b
">15oWEoG9dUPovwmUL9KWAnYRtNJEkP1u1b
</a
></b
>.
</p
>
917 <title>Web services for writing academic LaTeX papers as a team
</title>
918 <link>http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/Web_services_for_writing_academic_LaTeX_papers_as_a_team.html
</link>
919 <guid isPermaLink=
"true">http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/Web_services_for_writing_academic_LaTeX_papers_as_a_team.html
</guid>
920 <pubDate>Tue,
31 Oct
2017 21:
00:
00 +
0100</pubDate>
921 <description><p
>I was surprised today to learn that a friend in academia did not
922 know there are easily available web services available for writing
923 LaTeX documents as a team. I thought it was common knowledge, but to
924 make sure at least my readers are aware of it, I would like to mention
925 these useful services for writing LaTeX documents. Some of them even
926 provide a WYSIWYG editor to ease writing even further.
</p
>
928 <p
>There are two commercial services available,
929 <a href=
"https://sharelatex.com
">ShareLaTeX
</a
> and
930 <a href=
"https://overleaf.com
">Overleaf
</a
>. They are very easy to
931 use. Just start a new document, select which publisher to write for
932 (ie which LaTeX style to use), and start writing. Note, these two
933 have announced their intention to join forces, so soon it will only be
934 one joint service. I
've used both for different documents, and they
935 work just fine. While
936 <a href=
"https://github.com/sharelatex/sharelatex
">ShareLaTeX is free
937 software
</a
>, while the latter is not. According to
<a
938 href=
"https://www.overleaf.com/help/
17-is-overleaf-open-source
">a
939 announcement from Overleaf
</a
>, they plan to keep the ShareLaTeX code
940 base maintained as free software.
</p
>
942 But these two are not the only alternatives.
943 <a href=
"https://app.fiduswriter.org/
">Fidus Writer
</a
> is another free
944 software solution with
<a href=
"https://github.com/fiduswriter
">the
945 source available on github
</a
>. I have not used it myself. Several
946 others can be found on the nice
947 <a href=
"https://alternativeto.net/software/sharelatex/
">alterntiveTo
948 web service
</a
>.
950 <p
>If you like Google Docs or Etherpad, but would like to write
951 documents in LaTeX, you should check out these services. You can even
952 host your own, if you want to. :)
</p
>
954 <p
>As usual, if you use Bitcoin and want to show your support of my
955 activities, please send Bitcoin donations to my address
956 <b
><a href=
"bitcoin:
15oWEoG9dUPovwmUL9KWAnYRtNJEkP1u1b
">15oWEoG9dUPovwmUL9KWAnYRtNJEkP1u1b
</a
></b
>.
</p
>
961 <title>Locating IMDB IDs of movies in the Internet Archive using Wikidata
</title>
962 <link>http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/Locating_IMDB_IDs_of_movies_in_the_Internet_Archive_using_Wikidata.html
</link>
963 <guid isPermaLink=
"true">http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/Locating_IMDB_IDs_of_movies_in_the_Internet_Archive_using_Wikidata.html
</guid>
964 <pubDate>Wed,
25 Oct
2017 12:
20:
00 +
0200</pubDate>
965 <description><p
>Recently, I needed to automatically check the copyright status of a
966 set of
<a href=
"http://www.imdb.com/
">The Internet Movie database
967 (IMDB)
</a
> entries, to figure out which one of the movies they refer
968 to can be freely distributed on the Internet. This proved to be
969 harder than it sounds. IMDB for sure list movies without any
970 copyright protection, where the copyright protection has expired or
971 where the movie is lisenced using a permissive license like one from
972 Creative Commons. These are mixed with copyright protected movies,
973 and there seem to be no way to separate these classes of movies using
974 the information in IMDB.
</p
>
976 <p
>First I tried to look up entries manually in IMDB,
977 <a href=
"https://www.wikipedia.org/
">Wikipedia
</a
> and
978 <a href=
"https://www.archive.org/
">The Internet Archive
</a
>, to get a
979 feel how to do this. It is hard to know for sure using these sources,
980 but it should be possible to be reasonable confident a movie is
"out
981 of copyright
" with a few hours work per movie. As I needed to check
982 almost
20,
000 entries, this approach was not sustainable. I simply
983 can not work around the clock for about
6 years to check this data
986 <p
>I asked the people behind The Internet Archive if they could
987 introduce a new metadata field in their metadata XML for IMDB ID, but
988 was told that they leave it completely to the uploaders to update the
989 metadata. Some of the metadata entries had IMDB links in the
990 description, but I found no way to download all metadata files in bulk
991 to locate those ones and put that approach aside.
</p
>
993 <p
>In the process I noticed several Wikipedia articles about movies
994 had links to both IMDB and The Internet Archive, and it occured to me
995 that I could use the Wikipedia RDF data set to locate entries with
996 both, to at least get a lower bound on the number of movies on The
997 Internet Archive with a IMDB ID. This is useful based on the
998 assumption that movies distributed by The Internet Archive can be
999 legally distributed on the Internet. With some help from the RDF
1000 community (thank you DanC), I was able to come up with this query to
1001 pass to
<a href=
"https://query.wikidata.org/
">the SPARQL interface on
1004 <p
><pre
>
1005 SELECT ?work ?imdb ?ia ?when ?label
1008 ?work wdt:P31/wdt:P279* wd:Q11424.
1009 ?work wdt:P345 ?imdb.
1012 ?work wdt:P577 ?when.
1013 ?work rdfs:label ?label.
1014 FILTER(LANG(?label) =
"en
").
1017 </pre
></p
>
1019 <p
>If I understand the query right, for every film entry anywhere in
1020 Wikpedia, it will return the IMDB ID and The Internet Archive ID, and
1021 when the movie was released and its English title, if either or both
1022 of the latter two are available. At the moment the result set contain
1023 2338 entries. Of course, it depend on volunteers including both
1024 correct IMDB and The Internet Archive IDs in the wikipedia articles
1025 for the movie. It should be noted that the result will include
1026 duplicates if the movie have entries in several languages. There are
1027 some bogus entries, either because The Internet Archive ID contain a
1028 typo or because the movie is not available from The Internet Archive.
1029 I did not verify the IMDB IDs, as I am unsure how to do that
1030 automatically.
</p
>
1032 <p
>I wrote a small python script to extract the data set from Wikidata
1033 and check if the XML metadata for the movie is available from The
1034 Internet Archive, and after around
1.5 hour it produced a list of
2097
1035 free movies and their IMDB ID. In total,
171 entries in Wikidata lack
1036 the refered Internet Archive entry. I assume the
70 "disappearing
"
1037 entries (ie
2338-
2097-
171) are duplicate entries.
</p
>
1039 <p
>This is not too bad, given that The Internet Archive report to
1040 contain
<a href=
"https://archive.org/details/feature_films
">5331
1041 feature films
</a
> at the moment, but it also mean more than
3000
1042 movies are missing on Wikipedia or are missing the pair of references
1043 on Wikipedia.
</p
>
1045 <p
>I was curious about the distribution by release year, and made a
1046 little graph to show how the amount of free movies is spread over the
1049 <p
><img src=
"http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/images/
2017-
10-
25-verk-i-det-fri-filmer.png
"></p
>
1051 <p
>I expect the relative distribution of the remaining
3000 movies to
1052 be similar.
</p
>
1054 <p
>If you want to help, and want to ensure Wikipedia can be used to
1055 cross reference The Internet Archive and The Internet Movie Database,
1056 please make sure entries like this are listed under the
"External
1057 links
" heading on the Wikipedia article for the movie:
</p
>
1059 <p
><pre
>
1060 * {{Internet Archive film|id=FightingLady}}
1061 * {{IMDb title|id=
0036823|title=The Fighting Lady}}
1062 </pre
></p
>
1064 <p
>Please verify the links on the final page, to make sure you did not
1065 introduce a typo.
</p
>
1067 <p
>Here is the complete list, if you want to correct the
171
1068 identified Wikipedia entries with broken links to The Internet
1069 Archive:
<a href=
"http://www.wikidata.org/entity/Q1140317
">Q1140317
</a
>,
1070 <a href=
"http://www.wikidata.org/entity/Q458656
">Q458656
</a
>,
1071 <a href=
"http://www.wikidata.org/entity/Q458656
">Q458656
</a
>,
1072 <a href=
"http://www.wikidata.org/entity/Q470560
">Q470560
</a
>,
1073 <a href=
"http://www.wikidata.org/entity/Q743340
">Q743340
</a
>,
1074 <a href=
"http://www.wikidata.org/entity/Q822580
">Q822580
</a
>,
1075 <a href=
"http://www.wikidata.org/entity/Q480696
">Q480696
</a
>,
1076 <a href=
"http://www.wikidata.org/entity/Q128761
">Q128761
</a
>,
1077 <a href=
"http://www.wikidata.org/entity/Q1307059
">Q1307059
</a
>,
1078 <a href=
"http://www.wikidata.org/entity/Q1335091
">Q1335091
</a
>,
1079 <a href=
"http://www.wikidata.org/entity/Q1537166
">Q1537166
</a
>,
1080 <a href=
"http://www.wikidata.org/entity/Q1438334
">Q1438334
</a
>,
1081 <a href=
"http://www.wikidata.org/entity/Q1479751
">Q1479751
</a
>,
1082 <a href=
"http://www.wikidata.org/entity/Q1497200
">Q1497200
</a
>,
1083 <a href=
"http://www.wikidata.org/entity/Q1498122
">Q1498122
</a
>,
1084 <a href=
"http://www.wikidata.org/entity/Q865973
">Q865973
</a
>,
1085 <a href=
"http://www.wikidata.org/entity/Q834269
">Q834269
</a
>,
1086 <a href=
"http://www.wikidata.org/entity/Q841781
">Q841781
</a
>,
1087 <a href=
"http://www.wikidata.org/entity/Q841781
">Q841781
</a
>,
1088 <a href=
"http://www.wikidata.org/entity/Q1548193
">Q1548193
</a
>,
1089 <a href=
"http://www.wikidata.org/entity/Q499031
">Q499031
</a
>,
1090 <a href=
"http://www.wikidata.org/entity/Q1564769
">Q1564769
</a
>,
1091 <a href=
"http://www.wikidata.org/entity/Q1585239
">Q1585239
</a
>,
1092 <a href=
"http://www.wikidata.org/entity/Q1585569
">Q1585569
</a
>,
1093 <a href=
"http://www.wikidata.org/entity/Q1624236
">Q1624236
</a
>,
1094 <a href=
"http://www.wikidata.org/entity/Q4796595
">Q4796595
</a
>,
1095 <a href=
"http://www.wikidata.org/entity/Q4853469
">Q4853469
</a
>,
1096 <a href=
"http://www.wikidata.org/entity/Q4873046
">Q4873046
</a
>,
1097 <a href=
"http://www.wikidata.org/entity/Q915016
">Q915016
</a
>,
1098 <a href=
"http://www.wikidata.org/entity/Q4660396
">Q4660396
</a
>,
1099 <a href=
"http://www.wikidata.org/entity/Q4677708
">Q4677708
</a
>,
1100 <a href=
"http://www.wikidata.org/entity/Q4738449
">Q4738449
</a
>,
1101 <a href=
"http://www.wikidata.org/entity/Q4756096
">Q4756096
</a
>,
1102 <a href=
"http://www.wikidata.org/entity/Q4766785
">Q4766785
</a
>,
1103 <a href=
"http://www.wikidata.org/entity/Q880357
">Q880357
</a
>,
1104 <a href=
"http://www.wikidata.org/entity/Q882066
">Q882066
</a
>,
1105 <a href=
"http://www.wikidata.org/entity/Q882066
">Q882066
</a
>,
1106 <a href=
"http://www.wikidata.org/entity/Q204191
">Q204191
</a
>,
1107 <a href=
"http://www.wikidata.org/entity/Q204191
">Q204191
</a
>,
1108 <a href=
"http://www.wikidata.org/entity/Q1194170
">Q1194170
</a
>,
1109 <a href=
"http://www.wikidata.org/entity/Q940014
">Q940014
</a
>,
1110 <a href=
"http://www.wikidata.org/entity/Q946863
">Q946863
</a
>,
1111 <a href=
"http://www.wikidata.org/entity/Q172837
">Q172837
</a
>,
1112 <a href=
"http://www.wikidata.org/entity/Q573077
">Q573077
</a
>,
1113 <a href=
"http://www.wikidata.org/entity/Q1219005
">Q1219005
</a
>,
1114 <a href=
"http://www.wikidata.org/entity/Q1219599
">Q1219599
</a
>,
1115 <a href=
"http://www.wikidata.org/entity/Q1643798
">Q1643798
</a
>,
1116 <a href=
"http://www.wikidata.org/entity/Q1656352
">Q1656352
</a
>,
1117 <a href=
"http://www.wikidata.org/entity/Q1659549
">Q1659549
</a
>,
1118 <a href=
"http://www.wikidata.org/entity/Q1660007
">Q1660007
</a
>,
1119 <a href=
"http://www.wikidata.org/entity/Q1698154
">Q1698154
</a
>,
1120 <a href=
"http://www.wikidata.org/entity/Q1737980
">Q1737980
</a
>,
1121 <a href=
"http://www.wikidata.org/entity/Q1877284
">Q1877284
</a
>,
1122 <a href=
"http://www.wikidata.org/entity/Q1199354
">Q1199354
</a
>,
1123 <a href=
"http://www.wikidata.org/entity/Q1199354
">Q1199354
</a
>,
1124 <a href=
"http://www.wikidata.org/entity/Q1199451
">Q1199451
</a
>,
1125 <a href=
"http://www.wikidata.org/entity/Q1211871
">Q1211871
</a
>,
1126 <a href=
"http://www.wikidata.org/entity/Q1212179
">Q1212179
</a
>,
1127 <a href=
"http://www.wikidata.org/entity/Q1238382
">Q1238382
</a
>,
1128 <a href=
"http://www.wikidata.org/entity/Q4906454
">Q4906454
</a
>,
1129 <a href=
"http://www.wikidata.org/entity/Q320219
">Q320219
</a
>,
1130 <a href=
"http://www.wikidata.org/entity/Q1148649
">Q1148649
</a
>,
1131 <a href=
"http://www.wikidata.org/entity/Q645094
">Q645094
</a
>,
1132 <a href=
"http://www.wikidata.org/entity/Q5050350
">Q5050350
</a
>,
1133 <a href=
"http://www.wikidata.org/entity/Q5166548
">Q5166548
</a
>,
1134 <a href=
"http://www.wikidata.org/entity/Q2677926
">Q2677926
</a
>,
1135 <a href=
"http://www.wikidata.org/entity/Q2698139
">Q2698139
</a
>,
1136 <a href=
"http://www.wikidata.org/entity/Q2707305
">Q2707305
</a
>,
1137 <a href=
"http://www.wikidata.org/entity/Q2740725
">Q2740725
</a
>,
1138 <a href=
"http://www.wikidata.org/entity/Q2024780
">Q2024780
</a
>,
1139 <a href=
"http://www.wikidata.org/entity/Q2117418
">Q2117418
</a
>,
1140 <a href=
"http://www.wikidata.org/entity/Q2138984
">Q2138984
</a
>,
1141 <a href=
"http://www.wikidata.org/entity/Q1127992
">Q1127992
</a
>,
1142 <a href=
"http://www.wikidata.org/entity/Q1058087
">Q1058087
</a
>,
1143 <a href=
"http://www.wikidata.org/entity/Q1070484
">Q1070484
</a
>,
1144 <a href=
"http://www.wikidata.org/entity/Q1080080
">Q1080080
</a
>,
1145 <a href=
"http://www.wikidata.org/entity/Q1090813
">Q1090813
</a
>,
1146 <a href=
"http://www.wikidata.org/entity/Q1251918
">Q1251918
</a
>,
1147 <a href=
"http://www.wikidata.org/entity/Q1254110
">Q1254110
</a
>,
1148 <a href=
"http://www.wikidata.org/entity/Q1257070
">Q1257070
</a
>,
1149 <a href=
"http://www.wikidata.org/entity/Q1257079
">Q1257079
</a
>,
1150 <a href=
"http://www.wikidata.org/entity/Q1197410
">Q1197410
</a
>,
1151 <a href=
"http://www.wikidata.org/entity/Q1198423
">Q1198423
</a
>,
1152 <a href=
"http://www.wikidata.org/entity/Q706951
">Q706951
</a
>,
1153 <a href=
"http://www.wikidata.org/entity/Q723239
">Q723239
</a
>,
1154 <a href=
"http://www.wikidata.org/entity/Q2079261
">Q2079261
</a
>,
1155 <a href=
"http://www.wikidata.org/entity/Q1171364
">Q1171364
</a
>,
1156 <a href=
"http://www.wikidata.org/entity/Q617858
">Q617858
</a
>,
1157 <a href=
"http://www.wikidata.org/entity/Q5166611
">Q5166611
</a
>,
1158 <a href=
"http://www.wikidata.org/entity/Q5166611
">Q5166611
</a
>,
1159 <a href=
"http://www.wikidata.org/entity/Q324513
">Q324513
</a
>,
1160 <a href=
"http://www.wikidata.org/entity/Q374172
">Q374172
</a
>,
1161 <a href=
"http://www.wikidata.org/entity/Q7533269
">Q7533269
</a
>,
1162 <a href=
"http://www.wikidata.org/entity/Q970386
">Q970386
</a
>,
1163 <a href=
"http://www.wikidata.org/entity/Q976849
">Q976849
</a
>,
1164 <a href=
"http://www.wikidata.org/entity/Q7458614
">Q7458614
</a
>,
1165 <a href=
"http://www.wikidata.org/entity/Q5347416
">Q5347416
</a
>,
1166 <a href=
"http://www.wikidata.org/entity/Q5460005
">Q5460005
</a
>,
1167 <a href=
"http://www.wikidata.org/entity/Q5463392
">Q5463392
</a
>,
1168 <a href=
"http://www.wikidata.org/entity/Q3038555
">Q3038555
</a
>,
1169 <a href=
"http://www.wikidata.org/entity/Q5288458
">Q5288458
</a
>,
1170 <a href=
"http://www.wikidata.org/entity/Q2346516
">Q2346516
</a
>,
1171 <a href=
"http://www.wikidata.org/entity/Q5183645
">Q5183645
</a
>,
1172 <a href=
"http://www.wikidata.org/entity/Q5185497
">Q5185497
</a
>,
1173 <a href=
"http://www.wikidata.org/entity/Q5216127
">Q5216127
</a
>,
1174 <a href=
"http://www.wikidata.org/entity/Q5223127
">Q5223127
</a
>,
1175 <a href=
"http://www.wikidata.org/entity/Q5261159
">Q5261159
</a
>,
1176 <a href=
"http://www.wikidata.org/entity/Q1300759
">Q1300759
</a
>,
1177 <a href=
"http://www.wikidata.org/entity/Q5521241
">Q5521241
</a
>,
1178 <a href=
"http://www.wikidata.org/entity/Q7733434
">Q7733434
</a
>,
1179 <a href=
"http://www.wikidata.org/entity/Q7736264
">Q7736264
</a
>,
1180 <a href=
"http://www.wikidata.org/entity/Q7737032
">Q7737032
</a
>,
1181 <a href=
"http://www.wikidata.org/entity/Q7882671
">Q7882671
</a
>,
1182 <a href=
"http://www.wikidata.org/entity/Q7719427
">Q7719427
</a
>,
1183 <a href=
"http://www.wikidata.org/entity/Q7719444
">Q7719444
</a
>,
1184 <a href=
"http://www.wikidata.org/entity/Q7722575
">Q7722575
</a
>,
1185 <a href=
"http://www.wikidata.org/entity/Q2629763
">Q2629763
</a
>,
1186 <a href=
"http://www.wikidata.org/entity/Q2640346
">Q2640346
</a
>,
1187 <a href=
"http://www.wikidata.org/entity/Q2649671
">Q2649671
</a
>,
1188 <a href=
"http://www.wikidata.org/entity/Q7703851
">Q7703851
</a
>,
1189 <a href=
"http://www.wikidata.org/entity/Q7747041
">Q7747041
</a
>,
1190 <a href=
"http://www.wikidata.org/entity/Q6544949
">Q6544949
</a
>,
1191 <a href=
"http://www.wikidata.org/entity/Q6672759
">Q6672759
</a
>,
1192 <a href=
"http://www.wikidata.org/entity/Q2445896
">Q2445896
</a
>,
1193 <a href=
"http://www.wikidata.org/entity/Q12124891
">Q12124891
</a
>,
1194 <a href=
"http://www.wikidata.org/entity/Q3127044
">Q3127044
</a
>,
1195 <a href=
"http://www.wikidata.org/entity/Q2511262
">Q2511262
</a
>,
1196 <a href=
"http://www.wikidata.org/entity/Q2517672
">Q2517672
</a
>,
1197 <a href=
"http://www.wikidata.org/entity/Q2543165
">Q2543165
</a
>,
1198 <a href=
"http://www.wikidata.org/entity/Q426628
">Q426628
</a
>,
1199 <a href=
"http://www.wikidata.org/entity/Q426628
">Q426628
</a
>,
1200 <a href=
"http://www.wikidata.org/entity/Q12126890
">Q12126890
</a
>,
1201 <a href=
"http://www.wikidata.org/entity/Q13359969
">Q13359969
</a
>,
1202 <a href=
"http://www.wikidata.org/entity/Q13359969
">Q13359969
</a
>,
1203 <a href=
"http://www.wikidata.org/entity/Q2294295
">Q2294295
</a
>,
1204 <a href=
"http://www.wikidata.org/entity/Q2294295
">Q2294295
</a
>,
1205 <a href=
"http://www.wikidata.org/entity/Q2559509
">Q2559509
</a
>,
1206 <a href=
"http://www.wikidata.org/entity/Q2559912
">Q2559912
</a
>,
1207 <a href=
"http://www.wikidata.org/entity/Q7760469
">Q7760469
</a
>,
1208 <a href=
"http://www.wikidata.org/entity/Q6703974
">Q6703974
</a
>,
1209 <a href=
"http://www.wikidata.org/entity/Q4744
">Q4744
</a
>,
1210 <a href=
"http://www.wikidata.org/entity/Q7766962
">Q7766962
</a
>,
1211 <a href=
"http://www.wikidata.org/entity/Q7768516
">Q7768516
</a
>,
1212 <a href=
"http://www.wikidata.org/entity/Q7769205
">Q7769205
</a
>,
1213 <a href=
"http://www.wikidata.org/entity/Q7769988
">Q7769988
</a
>,
1214 <a href=
"http://www.wikidata.org/entity/Q2946945
">Q2946945
</a
>,
1215 <a href=
"http://www.wikidata.org/entity/Q3212086
">Q3212086
</a
>,
1216 <a href=
"http://www.wikidata.org/entity/Q3212086
">Q3212086
</a
>,
1217 <a href=
"http://www.wikidata.org/entity/Q18218448
">Q18218448
</a
>,
1218 <a href=
"http://www.wikidata.org/entity/Q18218448
">Q18218448
</a
>,
1219 <a href=
"http://www.wikidata.org/entity/Q18218448
">Q18218448
</a
>,
1220 <a href=
"http://www.wikidata.org/entity/Q6909175
">Q6909175
</a
>,
1221 <a href=
"http://www.wikidata.org/entity/Q7405709
">Q7405709
</a
>,
1222 <a href=
"http://www.wikidata.org/entity/Q7416149
">Q7416149
</a
>,
1223 <a href=
"http://www.wikidata.org/entity/Q7239952
">Q7239952
</a
>,
1224 <a href=
"http://www.wikidata.org/entity/Q7317332
">Q7317332
</a
>,
1225 <a href=
"http://www.wikidata.org/entity/Q7783674
">Q7783674
</a
>,
1226 <a href=
"http://www.wikidata.org/entity/Q7783704
">Q7783704
</a
>,
1227 <a href=
"http://www.wikidata.org/entity/Q7857590
">Q7857590
</a
>,
1228 <a href=
"http://www.wikidata.org/entity/Q3372526
">Q3372526
</a
>,
1229 <a href=
"http://www.wikidata.org/entity/Q3372642
">Q3372642
</a
>,
1230 <a href=
"http://www.wikidata.org/entity/Q3372816
">Q3372816
</a
>,
1231 <a href=
"http://www.wikidata.org/entity/Q3372909
">Q3372909
</a
>,
1232 <a href=
"http://www.wikidata.org/entity/Q7959649
">Q7959649
</a
>,
1233 <a href=
"http://www.wikidata.org/entity/Q7977485
">Q7977485
</a
>,
1234 <a href=
"http://www.wikidata.org/entity/Q7992684
">Q7992684
</a
>,
1235 <a href=
"http://www.wikidata.org/entity/Q3817966
">Q3817966
</a
>,
1236 <a href=
"http://www.wikidata.org/entity/Q3821852
">Q3821852
</a
>,
1237 <a href=
"http://www.wikidata.org/entity/Q3420907
">Q3420907
</a
>,
1238 <a href=
"http://www.wikidata.org/entity/Q3429733
">Q3429733
</a
>,
1239 <a href=
"http://www.wikidata.org/entity/Q774474
">Q774474
</a
></p
>
1241 <p
>As usual, if you use Bitcoin and want to show your support of my
1242 activities, please send Bitcoin donations to my address
1243 <b
><a href=
"bitcoin:
15oWEoG9dUPovwmUL9KWAnYRtNJEkP1u1b
">15oWEoG9dUPovwmUL9KWAnYRtNJEkP1u1b
</a
></b
>.
</p
>
projects / homepage.git / blob