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  14  <h1>
  15      <a href="https://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/">Petter Reinholdtsen</a>
  16
  17  </h1>
  18
  19 </div>
  20
  21
  22     <h3>Entries from September 2015.</h3>
  23
  24     <div class="entry">
  25       <div class="title">
  26         <a href="https://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/The_life_and_death_of_a_laptop_battery.html">The life and death of a laptop battery</a>
  27       </div>
  28       <div class="date">
  29         24th September 2015
  30       </div>
  31       <div class="body">
  32         <p>When I get a new laptop, the battery life time at the start is OK.
  33 But this do not last.  The last few laptops gave me a feeling that
  34 within a year, the life time is just a fraction of what it used to be,
  35 and it slowly become painful to use the laptop without power connected
  36 all the time.  Because of this, when I got a new Thinkpad X230 laptop
  37 about two years ago, I decided to monitor its battery state to have
  38 more hard facts when the battery started to fail.</p>
  39
  40 <img src="http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/images/2015-09-24-laptop-battery-graph.png"/>
  41
  42 <p>First I tried to find a sensible Debian package to record the
  43 battery status, assuming that this must be a problem already handled
  44 by someone else.  I found
  45 <a href="https://tracker.debian.org/pkg/battery-stats">battery-stats</a>,
  46 which collects statistics from the battery, but it was completely
  47 broken.  I sent a few suggestions to the maintainer, but decided to
  48 write my own collector as a shell script while I waited for feedback
  49 from him.  Via
  50 <a href="http://www.ifweassume.com/2013/08/the-de-evolution-of-my-laptop-battery.html">a
  51 blog post about the battery development on a MacBook Air</a> I also
  52 discovered
  53 <a href="https://github.com/jradavenport/batlog.git">batlog</a>, not
  54 available in Debian.</p>
  55
  56 <p>I started my collector 2013-07-15, and it has been collecting
  57 battery stats ever since. Now my
  58 /var/log/hjemmenett-battery-status.log file contain around 115,000
  59 measurements, from the time the battery was working great until now,
  60 when it is unable to charge above 7% of original capacity.  My
  61 collector shell script is quite simple and look like this:</p>
  62
  63 <pre>
  64 #!/bin/sh
  65 # Inspired by
  66 # http://www.ifweassume.com/2013/08/the-de-evolution-of-my-laptop-battery.html
  67 # See also
  68 # http://blog.sleeplessbeastie.eu/2013/01/02/debian-how-to-monitor-battery-capacity/
  69 logfile=/var/log/hjemmenett-battery-status.log
  70
  71 files="manufacturer model_name technology serial_number \
  72     energy_full energy_full_design energy_now cycle_count status"
  73
  74 if [ ! -e "$logfile" ] ; then
  75     (
  76         printf "timestamp,"
  77         for f in $files; do
  78             printf "%s," $f
  79         done
  80         echo
  81     ) > "$logfile"
  82 fi
  83
  84 log_battery() {
  85     # Print complete message in one echo call, to avoid race condition
  86     # when several log processes run in parallel.
  87     msg=$(printf "%s," $(date +%s); \
  88         for f in $files; do \
  89             printf "%s," $(cat $f); \
  90         done)
  91     echo "$msg"
  92 }
  93
  94 cd /sys/class/power_supply
  95
  96 for bat in BAT*; do
  97     (cd $bat && log_battery >> "$logfile")
  98 done
  99 </pre>
 100
 101 <p>The script is called when the power management system detect a
 102 change in the power status (power plug in or out), and when going into
 103 and out of hibernation and suspend.  In addition, it collect a value
 104 every 10 minutes.  This make it possible for me know when the battery
 105 is discharging, charging and how the maximum charge change over time.
 106 The code for the Debian package
 107 <a href="https://github.com/petterreinholdtsen/battery-status">is now
 108 available on github</a>.</p>
 109
 110 <p>The collected log file look like this:</p>
 111
 112 <pre>
 113 timestamp,manufacturer,model_name,technology,serial_number,energy_full,energy_full_design,energy_now,cycle_count,status,
 114 1376591133,LGC,45N1025,Li-ion,974,62800000,62160000,39050000,0,Discharging,
 115 [...]
 116 1443090528,LGC,45N1025,Li-ion,974,4900000,62160000,4900000,0,Full,
 117 1443090601,LGC,45N1025,Li-ion,974,4900000,62160000,4900000,0,Full,
 118 </pre>
 119
 120 <p>I wrote a small script to create a graph of the charge development
 121 over time.  This graph depicted above show the slow death of my laptop
 122 battery.</p>
 123
 124 <p>But why is this happening?  Why are my laptop batteries always
 125 dying in a year or two, while the batteries of space probes and
 126 satellites keep working year after year.  If we are to believe
 127 <a href="http://batteryuniversity.com/learn/article/how_to_prolong_lithium_based_batteries">Battery
 128 University</a>, the cause is me charging the battery whenever I have a
 129 chance, and the fix is to not charge the Lithium-ion batteries to 100%
 130 all the time, but to stay below 90% of full charge most of the time.
 131 I've been told that the Tesla electric cars
 132 <a href="http://my.teslamotors.com/de_CH/forum/forums/battery-charge-limit">limit
 133 the charge of their batteries to 80%</a>, with the option to charge to
 134 100% when preparing for a longer trip (not that I would want a car
 135 like Tesla where rights to privacy is abandoned, but that is another
 136 story), which I guess is the option we should have for laptops on
 137 Linux too.</p>
 138
 139 <p>Is there a good and generic way with Linux to tell the battery to
 140 stop charging at 80%, unless requested to charge to 100% once in
 141 preparation for a longer trip?  I found
 142 <a href="http://askubuntu.com/questions/34452/how-can-i-limit-battery-charging-to-80-capacity">one
 143 recipe on askubuntu for Ubuntu to limit charging on Thinkpad to
 144 80%</a>, but could not get it to work (kernel module refused to
 145 load).</p>
 146
 147 <p>I wonder why the battery capacity was reported to be more than 100%
 148 at the start.  I also wonder why the "full capacity" increases some
 149 times, and if it is possible to repeat the process to get the battery
 150 back to design capacity.  And I wonder if the discharge and charge
 151 speed change over time, or if this stay the same.  I did not yet try
 152 to write a tool to calculate the derivative values of the battery
 153 level, but suspect some interesting insights might be learned from
 154 those.</p>
 155
 156 <p>Update 2015-09-24: I got a tip to install the packages
 157 acpi-call-dkms and tlp (unfortunately missing in Debian stable)
 158 packages instead of the tp-smapi-dkms package I had tried to use
 159 initially, and use 'tlp setcharge 40 80' to change when charging start
 160 and stop.  I've done so now, but expect my existing battery is toast
 161 and need to be replaced.  The proposal is unfortunately Thinkpad
 162 specific.</p>
 163
 164       </div>
 165       <div class="tags">
 166
 167
 168         Tags: <a href="https://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/tags/debian">debian</a>, <a href="https://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/tags/english">english</a>.
 169
 170
 171       </div>
 172     </div>
 173     <div class="padding"></div>
 174
 175     <div class="entry">
 176       <div class="title">
 177         <a href="https://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/Book_cover_for_the_Free_Culture_book_finally_done.html">Book cover for the Free Culture book finally done</a>
 178       </div>
 179       <div class="date">
 180          3rd September 2015
 181       </div>
 182       <div class="body">
 183         <p>Creating a good looking book cover proved harder than I expected.
 184 I wanted to create a cover looking similar to the original cover of
 185 the
 186 <a href="https://github.com/petterreinholdtsen/free-culture-lessig">Free
 187 Culture</a> book we are translating to Norwegian, and I wanted it in
 188 vector format for high resolution printing.  But my inkscape knowledge
 189 were not nearly good enough to pull that off.
 190
 191 <p>But thanks to the great inkscape community, I was able to wrap up
 192 the cover yesterday evening.  I asked on the
 193 <a href="irc://irc.freenode.net/%23inkscape">#inkscape IRC channel</a>
 194 on Freenode for help and clues, and Marc Jeanmougin (Mc-) volunteered
 195 to try to recreate it based on the PDF of the cover from the HTML
 196 version.  Not only did he create a
 197 <a href="https://marc.jeanmougin.fr/share/copy1.svg ">SVG document with
 198 the original and his vector version side by side</a>, he even provided
 199 an <a href="https://marc.jeanmougin.fr/share/out-1.ogv">instruction
 200 video</a> explaining how he did it</a>.  But the instruction video is
 201 not easy to follow for an untrained inkscape user. The video is a
 202 recording on how he did it, and he is obviously very experienced as
 203 the menu selections are very quick and he mentioned on IRC that he did
 204 use some keyboard shortcuts that can't be seen on the video, but it
 205 give a good idea about the inkscape operations to use to create the
 206 stripes with the embossed copyright sign in the center.</p>
 207
 208 <p>I took his SVG file, copied the vector image and re-sized it to fit
 209 on the cover I was drawing.  I am happy with the end result, and the
 210 current english version look like this:</p>
 211
 212 <img src="http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/images/2015-09-03-free-culture-cover.png" width="70%" align="center"/>
 213
 214 <p>I am not quite sure about the text on the back, but guess it will
 215 do.  I picked three quotes from the official site for the book, and
 216 hope it will work to trigger the interest of potential readers.  The
 217 Norwegian cover will look the same, but with the texts and bar code
 218 replaced with the Norwegian version.</p>
 219
 220 <p>The book is very close to being ready for publication, and I expect
 221 to upload the final draft to Lulu in the next few days and order a
 222 final proof reading copy to verify that everything look like it should
 223 before allowing everyone to order their own copy of Free Culture, in
 224 English or Norwegian Bokmål.  I'm waiting to give the the productive
 225 proof readers a chance to complete their work.</p>
 226
 227       </div>
 228       <div class="tags">
 229
 230
 231         Tags: <a href="https://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/tags/docbook">docbook</a>, <a href="https://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/tags/english">english</a>, <a href="https://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/tags/freeculture">freeculture</a>.
 232
 233
 234       </div>
 235     </div>
 236     <div class="padding"></div>
 237
 238     <p style="text-align: right;"><a href="09.rss"><img src="https://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/xml.gif" alt="RSS Feed" width="36" height="14" /></a></p>
 239     <div id="sidebar">
 240
 241
 242
 243 <h2>Archive</h2>
 244 <ul>
 245
 246 <li>2022
 247 <ul>
 248
 249 <li><a href="https://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/archive/2022/02/">February (1)</a></li>
 250
 251 <li><a href="https://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/archive/2022/03/">March (3)</a></li>
 252
 253 <li><a href="https://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/archive/2022/04/">April (1)</a></li>
 254
 255 </ul></li>
 256
 257 <li>2021
 258 <ul>
 259
 260 <li><a href="https://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/archive/2021/01/">January (2)</a></li>
 261
 262 <li><a href="https://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/archive/2021/02/">February (1)</a></li>
 263
 264 <li><a href="https://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/archive/2021/05/">May (1)</a></li>
 265
 266 <li><a href="https://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/archive/2021/06/">June (1)</a></li>
 267
 268 <li><a href="https://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/archive/2021/07/">July (3)</a></li>
 269
 270 <li><a href="https://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/archive/2021/08/">August (1)</a></li>
 271
 272 <li><a href="https://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/archive/2021/09/">September (1)</a></li>
 273
 274 <li><a href="https://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/archive/2021/10/">October (1)</a></li>
 275
 276 <li><a href="https://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/archive/2021/12/">December (1)</a></li>
 277
 278 </ul></li>
 279
 280 <li>2020
 281 <ul>
 282
 283 <li><a href="https://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/archive/2020/02/">February (2)</a></li>
 284
 285 <li><a href="https://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/archive/2020/03/">March (2)</a></li>
 286
 287 <li><a href="https://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/archive/2020/04/">April (2)</a></li>
 288
 289 <li><a href="https://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/archive/2020/05/">May (3)</a></li>
 290
 291 <li><a href="https://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/archive/2020/06/">June (2)</a></li>
 292
 293 <li><a href="https://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/archive/2020/07/">July (1)</a></li>
 294
 295 <li><a href="https://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/archive/2020/09/">September (1)</a></li>
 296
 297 <li><a href="https://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/archive/2020/10/">October (1)</a></li>
 298
 299 <li><a href="https://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/archive/2020/11/">November (1)</a></li>
 300
 301 </ul></li>
 302
 303 <li>2019
 304 <ul>
 305
 306 <li><a href="https://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/archive/2019/01/">January (4)</a></li>
 307
 308 <li><a href="https://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/archive/2019/02/">February (3)</a></li>
 309
 310 <li><a href="https://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/archive/2019/03/">March (3)</a></li>
 311
 312 <li><a href="https://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/archive/2019/05/">May (2)</a></li>
 313
 314 <li><a href="https://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/archive/2019/06/">June (5)</a></li>
 315
 316 <li><a href="https://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/archive/2019/07/">July (2)</a></li>
 317
 318 <li><a href="https://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/archive/2019/08/">August (1)</a></li>
 319
 320 <li><a href="https://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/archive/2019/09/">September (1)</a></li>
 321
 322 <li><a href="https://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/archive/2019/11/">November (1)</a></li>
 323
 324 <li><a href="https://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/archive/2019/12/">December (4)</a></li>
 325
 326 </ul></li>
 327
 328 <li>2018
 329 <ul>
 330
 331 <li><a href="https://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/archive/2018/01/">January (1)</a></li>
 332
 333 <li><a href="https://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/archive/2018/02/">February (5)</a></li>
 334
 335 <li><a href="https://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/archive/2018/03/">March (5)</a></li>
 336
 337 <li><a href="https://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/archive/2018/04/">April (3)</a></li>
 338
 339 <li><a href="https://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/archive/2018/06/">June (2)</a></li>
 340
 341 <li><a href="https://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/archive/2018/07/">July (5)</a></li>
 342
 343 <li><a href="https://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/archive/2018/08/">August (3)</a></li>
 344
 345 <li><a href="https://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/archive/2018/09/">September (3)</a></li>
 346
 347 <li><a href="https://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/archive/2018/10/">October (5)</a></li>
 348
 349 <li><a href="https://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/archive/2018/11/">November (2)</a></li>
 350
 351 <li><a href="https://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/archive/2018/12/">December (4)</a></li>
 352
 353 </ul></li>
 354
 355 <li>2017
 356 <ul>
 357
 358 <li><a href="https://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/archive/2017/01/">January (4)</a></li>
 359
 360 <li><a href="https://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/archive/2017/02/">February (3)</a></li>
 361
 362 <li><a href="https://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/archive/2017/03/">March (5)</a></li>
 363
 364 <li><a href="https://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/archive/2017/04/">April (2)</a></li>
 365
 366 <li><a href="https://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/archive/2017/06/">June (5)</a></li>
 367
 368 <li><a href="https://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/archive/2017/07/">July (1)</a></li>
 369
 370 <li><a href="https://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/archive/2017/08/">August (1)</a></li>
 371
 372 <li><a href="https://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/archive/2017/09/">September (3)</a></li>
 373
 374 <li><a href="https://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/archive/2017/10/">October (5)</a></li>
 375
 376 <li><a href="https://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/archive/2017/11/">November (3)</a></li>
 377
 378 <li><a href="https://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/archive/2017/12/">December (4)</a></li>
 379
 380 </ul></li>
 381
 382 <li>2016
 383 <ul>
 384
 385 <li><a href="https://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/archive/2016/01/">January (3)</a></li>
 386
 387 <li><a href="https://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/archive/2016/02/">February (2)</a></li>
 388
 389 <li><a href="https://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/archive/2016/03/">March (3)</a></li>
 390
 391 <li><a href="https://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/archive/2016/04/">April (8)</a></li>
 392
 393 <li><a href="https://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/archive/2016/05/">May (8)</a></li>
 394
 395 <li><a href="https://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/archive/2016/06/">June (2)</a></li>
 396
 397 <li><a href="https://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/archive/2016/07/">July (2)</a></li>
 398
 399 <li><a href="https://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/archive/2016/08/">August (5)</a></li>
 400
 401 <li><a href="https://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/archive/2016/09/">September (2)</a></li>
 402
 403 <li><a href="https://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/archive/2016/10/">October (3)</a></li>
 404
 405 <li><a href="https://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/archive/2016/11/">November (8)</a></li>
 406
 407 <li><a href="https://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/archive/2016/12/">December (5)</a></li>
 408
 409 </ul></li>
 410
 411 <li>2015
 412 <ul>
 413
 414 <li><a href="https://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/archive/2015/01/">January (7)</a></li>
 415
 416 <li><a href="https://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/archive/2015/02/">February (6)</a></li>
 417
 418 <li><a href="https://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/archive/2015/03/">March (1)</a></li>
 419
 420 <li><a href="https://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/archive/2015/04/">April (4)</a></li>
 421
 422 <li><a href="https://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/archive/2015/05/">May (3)</a></li>
 423
 424 <li><a href="https://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/archive/2015/06/">June (4)</a></li>
 425
 426 <li><a href="https://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/archive/2015/07/">July (6)</a></li>
 427
 428 <li><a href="https://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/archive/2015/08/">August (2)</a></li>
 429
 430 <li><a href="https://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/archive/2015/09/">September (2)</a></li>
 431
 432 <li><a href="https://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/archive/2015/10/">October (9)</a></li>
 433
 434 <li><a href="https://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/archive/2015/11/">November (6)</a></li>
 435
 436 <li><a href="https://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/archive/2015/12/">December (3)</a></li>
 437
 438 </ul></li>
 439
 440 <li>2014
 441 <ul>
 442
 443 <li><a href="https://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/archive/2014/01/">January (2)</a></li>
 444
 445 <li><a href="https://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/archive/2014/02/">February (3)</a></li>
 446
 447 <li><a href="https://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/archive/2014/03/">March (8)</a></li>
 448
 449 <li><a href="https://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/archive/2014/04/">April (7)</a></li>
 450
 451 <li><a href="https://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/archive/2014/05/">May (1)</a></li>
 452
 453 <li><a href="https://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/archive/2014/06/">June (2)</a></li>
 454
 455 <li><a href="https://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/archive/2014/07/">July (2)</a></li>
 456
 457 <li><a href="https://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/archive/2014/08/">August (2)</a></li>
 458
 459 <li><a href="https://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/archive/2014/09/">September (5)</a></li>
 460
 461 <li><a href="https://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/archive/2014/10/">October (6)</a></li>
 462
 463 <li><a href="https://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/archive/2014/11/">November (3)</a></li>
 464
 465 <li><a href="https://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/archive/2014/12/">December (5)</a></li>
 466
 467 </ul></li>
 468
 469 <li>2013
 470 <ul>
 471
 472 <li><a href="https://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/archive/2013/01/">January (11)</a></li>
 473
 474 <li><a href="https://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/archive/2013/02/">February (9)</a></li>
 475
 476 <li><a href="https://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/archive/2013/03/">March (9)</a></li>
 477
 478 <li><a href="https://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/archive/2013/04/">April (6)</a></li>
 479
 480 <li><a href="https://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/archive/2013/05/">May (9)</a></li>
 481
 482 <li><a href="https://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/archive/2013/06/">June (10)</a></li>
 483
 484 <li><a href="https://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/archive/2013/07/">July (7)</a></li>
 485
 486 <li><a href="https://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/archive/2013/08/">August (3)</a></li>
 487
 488 <li><a href="https://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/archive/2013/09/">September (5)</a></li>
 489
 490 <li><a href="https://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/archive/2013/10/">October (7)</a></li>
 491
 492 <li><a href="https://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/archive/2013/11/">November (9)</a></li>
 493
 494 <li><a href="https://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/archive/2013/12/">December (3)</a></li>
 495
 496 </ul></li>
 497
 498 <li>2012
 499 <ul>
 500
 501 <li><a href="https://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/archive/2012/01/">January (7)</a></li>
 502
 503 <li><a href="https://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/archive/2012/02/">February (10)</a></li>
 504
 505 <li><a href="https://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/archive/2012/03/">March (17)</a></li>
 506
 507 <li><a href="https://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/archive/2012/04/">April (12)</a></li>
 508
 509 <li><a href="https://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/archive/2012/05/">May (12)</a></li>
 510
 511 <li><a href="https://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/archive/2012/06/">June (20)</a></li>
 512
 513 <li><a href="https://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/archive/2012/07/">July (17)</a></li>
 514
 515 <li><a href="https://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/archive/2012/08/">August (6)</a></li>
 516
 517 <li><a href="https://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/archive/2012/09/">September (9)</a></li>
 518
 519 <li><a href="https://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/archive/2012/10/">October (17)</a></li>
 520
 521 <li><a href="https://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/archive/2012/11/">November (10)</a></li>
 522
 523 <li><a href="https://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/archive/2012/12/">December (7)</a></li>
 524
 525 </ul></li>
 526
 527 <li>2011
 528 <ul>
 529
 530 <li><a href="https://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/archive/2011/01/">January (16)</a></li>
 531
 532 <li><a href="https://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/archive/2011/02/">February (6)</a></li>
 533
 534 <li><a href="https://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/archive/2011/03/">March (6)</a></li>
 535
 536 <li><a href="https://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/archive/2011/04/">April (7)</a></li>
 537
 538 <li><a href="https://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/archive/2011/05/">May (3)</a></li>
 539
 540 <li><a href="https://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/archive/2011/06/">June (2)</a></li>
 541
 542 <li><a href="https://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/archive/2011/07/">July (7)</a></li>
 543
 544 <li><a href="https://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/archive/2011/08/">August (6)</a></li>
 545
 546 <li><a href="https://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/archive/2011/09/">September (4)</a></li>
 547
 548 <li><a href="https://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/archive/2011/10/">October (2)</a></li>
 549
 550 <li><a href="https://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/archive/2011/11/">November (3)</a></li>
 551
 552 <li><a href="https://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/archive/2011/12/">December (1)</a></li>
 553
 554 </ul></li>
 555
 556 <li>2010
 557 <ul>
 558
 559 <li><a href="https://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/archive/2010/01/">January (2)</a></li>
 560
 561 <li><a href="https://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/archive/2010/02/">February (1)</a></li>
 562
 563 <li><a href="https://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/archive/2010/03/">March (3)</a></li>
 564
 565 <li><a href="https://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/archive/2010/04/">April (3)</a></li>
 566
 567 <li><a href="https://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/archive/2010/05/">May (9)</a></li>
 568
 569 <li><a href="https://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/archive/2010/06/">June (14)</a></li>
 570
 571 <li><a href="https://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/archive/2010/07/">July (12)</a></li>
 572
 573 <li><a href="https://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/archive/2010/08/">August (13)</a></li>
 574
 575 <li><a href="https://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/archive/2010/09/">September (7)</a></li>
 576
 577 <li><a href="https://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/archive/2010/10/">October (9)</a></li>
 578
 579 <li><a href="https://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/archive/2010/11/">November (13)</a></li>
 580
 581 <li><a href="https://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/archive/2010/12/">December (12)</a></li>
 582
 583 </ul></li>
 584
 585 <li>2009
 586 <ul>
 587
 588 <li><a href="https://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/archive/2009/01/">January (8)</a></li>
 589
 590 <li><a href="https://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/archive/2009/02/">February (8)</a></li>
 591
 592 <li><a href="https://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/archive/2009/03/">March (12)</a></li>
 593
 594 <li><a href="https://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/archive/2009/04/">April (10)</a></li>
 595
 596 <li><a href="https://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/archive/2009/05/">May (9)</a></li>
 597
 598 <li><a href="https://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/archive/2009/06/">June (3)</a></li>
 599
 600 <li><a href="https://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/archive/2009/07/">July (4)</a></li>
 601
 602 <li><a href="https://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/archive/2009/08/">August (3)</a></li>
 603
 604 <li><a href="https://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/archive/2009/09/">September (1)</a></li>
 605
 606 <li><a href="https://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/archive/2009/10/">October (2)</a></li>
 607
 608 <li><a href="https://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/archive/2009/11/">November (3)</a></li>
 609
 610 <li><a href="https://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/archive/2009/12/">December (3)</a></li>
 611
 612 </ul></li>
 613
 614 <li>2008
 615 <ul>
 616
 617 <li><a href="https://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/archive/2008/11/">November (5)</a></li>
 618
 619 <li><a href="https://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/archive/2008/12/">December (7)</a></li>
 620
 621 </ul></li>
 622
 623 </ul>
 624
 625
 626
 627 <h2>Tags</h2>
 628 <ul>
 629
 630  <li><a href="https://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/tags/3d-printer">3d-printer (17)</a></li>
 631
 632  <li><a href="https://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/tags/amiga">amiga (1)</a></li>
 633
 634  <li><a href="https://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/tags/aros">aros (1)</a></li>
 635
 636  <li><a href="https://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/tags/bankid">bankid (4)</a></li>
 637
 638  <li><a href="https://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/tags/betalkontant">betalkontant (9)</a></li>
 639
 640  <li><a href="https://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/tags/bitcoin">bitcoin (12)</a></li>
 641
 642  <li><a href="https://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/tags/bootsystem">bootsystem (17)</a></li>
 643
 644  <li><a href="https://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/tags/bsa">bsa (2)</a></li>
 645
 646  <li><a href="https://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/tags/chrpath">chrpath (2)</a></li>
 647
 648  <li><a href="https://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/tags/debian">debian (178)</a></li>
 649
 650  <li><a href="https://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/tags/debian edu">debian edu (159)</a></li>
 651
 652  <li><a href="https://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/tags/debian-handbook">debian-handbook (8)</a></li>
 653
 654  <li><a href="https://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/tags/digistan">digistan (11)</a></li>
 655
 656  <li><a href="https://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/tags/dld">dld (18)</a></li>
 657
 658  <li><a href="https://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/tags/docbook">docbook (30)</a></li>
 659
 660  <li><a href="https://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/tags/drivstoffpriser">drivstoffpriser (4)</a></li>
 661
 662  <li><a href="https://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/tags/english">english (433)</a></li>
 663
 664  <li><a href="https://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/tags/fiksgatami">fiksgatami (23)</a></li>
 665
 666  <li><a href="https://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/tags/fildeling">fildeling (14)</a></li>
 667
 668  <li><a href="https://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/tags/freeculture">freeculture (34)</a></li>
 669
 670  <li><a href="https://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/tags/freedombox">freedombox (9)</a></li>
 671
 672  <li><a href="https://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/tags/frikanalen">frikanalen (20)</a></li>
 673
 674  <li><a href="https://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/tags/h264">h264 (20)</a></li>
 675
 676  <li><a href="https://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/tags/intervju">intervju (43)</a></li>
 677
 678  <li><a href="https://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/tags/isenkram">isenkram (16)</a></li>
 679
 680  <li><a href="https://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/tags/kart">kart (23)</a></li>
 681
 682  <li><a href="https://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/tags/kodi">kodi (4)</a></li>
 683
 684  <li><a href="https://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/tags/ldap">ldap (9)</a></li>
 685
 686  <li><a href="https://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/tags/lego">lego (5)</a></li>
 687
 688  <li><a href="https://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/tags/lenker">lenker (8)</a></li>
 689
 690  <li><a href="https://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/tags/lsdvd">lsdvd (2)</a></li>
 691
 692  <li><a href="https://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/tags/ltsp">ltsp (1)</a></li>
 693
 694  <li><a href="https://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/tags/madewithcc">madewithcc (3)</a></li>
 695
 696  <li><a href="https://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/tags/mesh network">mesh network (8)</a></li>
 697
 698  <li><a href="https://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/tags/multimedia">multimedia (42)</a></li>
 699
 700  <li><a href="https://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/tags/nice free software">nice free software (13)</a></li>
 701
 702  <li><a href="https://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/tags/noark5">noark5 (23)</a></li>
 703
 704  <li><a href="https://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/tags/norsk">norsk (320)</a></li>
 705
 706  <li><a href="https://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/tags/nuug">nuug (198)</a></li>
 707
 708  <li><a href="https://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/tags/offentlig innsyn">offentlig innsyn (40)</a></li>
 709
 710  <li><a href="https://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/tags/open311">open311 (2)</a></li>
 711
 712  <li><a href="https://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/tags/opphavsrett">opphavsrett (75)</a></li>
 713
 714  <li><a href="https://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/tags/personvern">personvern (114)</a></li>
 715
 716  <li><a href="https://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/tags/raid">raid (2)</a></li>
 717
 718  <li><a href="https://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/tags/reactos">reactos (1)</a></li>
 719
 720  <li><a href="https://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/tags/reprap">reprap (11)</a></li>
 721
 722  <li><a href="https://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/tags/rfid">rfid (3)</a></li>
 723
 724  <li><a href="https://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/tags/robot">robot (14)</a></li>
 725
 726  <li><a href="https://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/tags/rss">rss (1)</a></li>
 727
 728  <li><a href="https://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/tags/ruter">ruter (7)</a></li>
 729
 730  <li><a href="https://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/tags/scraperwiki">scraperwiki (2)</a></li>
 731
 732  <li><a href="https://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/tags/sikkerhet">sikkerhet (59)</a></li>
 733
 734  <li><a href="https://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/tags/sitesummary">sitesummary (4)</a></li>
 735
 736  <li><a href="https://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/tags/skepsis">skepsis (5)</a></li>
 737
 738  <li><a href="https://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/tags/standard">standard (72)</a></li>
 739
 740  <li><a href="https://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/tags/stavekontroll">stavekontroll (7)</a></li>
 741
 742  <li><a href="https://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/tags/stortinget">stortinget (14)</a></li>
 743
 744  <li><a href="https://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/tags/surveillance">surveillance (62)</a></li>
 745
 746  <li><a href="https://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/tags/sysadmin">sysadmin (5)</a></li>
 747
 748  <li><a href="https://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/tags/usenix">usenix (2)</a></li>
 749
 750  <li><a href="https://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/tags/valg">valg (9)</a></li>
 751
 752  <li><a href="https://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/tags/verkidetfri">verkidetfri (20)</a></li>
 753
 754  <li><a href="https://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/tags/video">video (77)</a></li>
 755
 756  <li><a href="https://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/tags/vitenskap">vitenskap (4)</a></li>
 757
 758  <li><a href="https://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/tags/web">web (42)</a></li>
 759
 760 </ul>
 761
 762
 763     </div>
 764     <p style="text-align: right">
 765  Created by <a href="http://steve.org.uk/Software/chronicle">Chronicle v4.6</a>
 766 </p>
 767
 768   </body>
 769 </html>