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  13  <h1>
  14      <a href="http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/">Petter Reinholdtsen</a>
  15
  16  </h1>
  17
  18 </div>
  19
  20
  21
  22     <div class="entry">
  23       <div class="title"><a href="http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/How_to_add_extra_storage_servers_in_Debian_Edu___Skolelinux.html">How to add extra storage servers in Debian Edu / Skolelinux</a></div>
  24       <div class="date">12th March 2014</div>
  25       <div class="body"><p>On larger sites, it is useful to use a dedicated storage server for
  26 storing user home directories and data.  The design for handling this
  27 in <a href="http://www.skolelinux.org/">Debian Edu / Skolelinux</a>, is
  28 to update the automount rules in LDAP and let the automount daemon on
  29 the clients take care of the rest.  I was reminded about the need to
  30 document this better when one of the customers of
  31 <a href="http://www.slxdrift.no/">Skolelinux Drift AS</a>, where I am
  32 on the board of directors, asked about how to do this.  The steps to
  33 get this working are the following:</p>
  34
  35 <p><ol>
  36
  37 <li>Add new storage server in DNS.  I use nas-server.intern as the
  38 example host here.</li>
  39
  40 <li>Add automoun LDAP information about this server in LDAP, to allow
  41 all clients to automatically mount it on reqeust.</li>
  42
  43 <li>Add the relevant entries in tjener.intern:/etc/fstab, because
  44 tjener.intern do not use automount to avoid mounting loops.</li>
  45
  46 </ol></p>
  47
  48 <p>DNS entries are added in GOsa², and not described here.  Follow the
  49 <a href="https://wiki.debian.org/DebianEdu/Documentation/Wheezy/GettingStarted">instructions
  50 in the manual</a> (Machine Management with GOsa² in section Getting
  51 started).</p>
  52
  53 <p>Ensure that the NFS export points on the server are exported to the
  54 relevant subnets or machines:</p>
  55
  56 <p><blockquote><pre>
  57 root@tjener:~# showmount -e nas-server
  58 Export list for nas-server:
  59 /storage         10.0.0.0/8
  60 root@tjener:~#
  61 </pre></blockquote></p>
  62
  63 <p>Here everything on the backbone network is granted access to the
  64 /storage export.  With NFSv3 it is slightly better to limit it to
  65 netgroup membership or single IP addresses to have some limits on the
  66 NFS access.</p>
  67
  68 <p>The next step is to update LDAP.  This can not be done using GOsa²,
  69 because it lack a module for automount.  Instead, use ldapvi and add
  70 the required LDAP objects using an editor.</p>
  71
  72 <p><blockquote><pre>
  73 ldapvi --ldap-conf -ZD '(cn=admin)' -b ou=automount,dc=skole,dc=skolelinux,dc=no
  74 </pre></blockquote></p>
  75
  76 <p>When the editor show up, add the following LDAP objects at the
  77 bottom of the document.  The "/&" part in the last LDAP object is a
  78 wild card matching everything the nas-server exports, removing the
  79 need to list individual mount points in LDAP.</p>
  80
  81 <p><blockquote><pre>
  82 add cn=nas-server,ou=auto.skole,ou=automount,dc=skole,dc=skolelinux,dc=no
  83 objectClass: automount
  84 cn: nas-server
  85 automountInformation: -fstype=autofs --timeout=60 ldap:ou=auto.nas-server,ou=automount,dc=skole,dc=skolelinux,dc=no
  86
  87 add ou=auto.nas-server,ou=automount,dc=skole,dc=skolelinux,dc=no
  88 objectClass: top
  89 objectClass: automountMap
  90 ou: auto.nas-server
  91
  92 add cn=/,ou=auto.nas-server,ou=automount,dc=skole,dc=skolelinux,dc=no
  93 objectClass: automount
  94 cn: /
  95 automountInformation: -fstype=nfs,tcp,rsize=32768,wsize=32768,rw,intr,hard,nodev,nosuid,noatime nas-server.intern:/&
  96 </pre></blockquote></p>
  97
  98 <p>The last step to remember is to mount the relevant mount points in
  99 tjener.intern by adding them to /etc/fstab, creating the mount
 100 directories using mkdir and running "mount -a" to mount them.</p>
 101
 102 <p>When this is done, your users should be able to access the files on
 103 the storage server directly by just visiting the
 104 /tjener/nas-server/storage/ directory using any application on any
 105 workstation, LTSP client or LTSP server.</p>
 106 </div>
 107       <div class="tags">
 108
 109
 110         Tags: <a href="http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/tags/debian edu">debian edu</a>, <a href="http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/tags/english">english</a>, <a href="http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/tags/ldap">ldap</a>.
 111
 112
 113       </div>
 114     </div>
 115     <div class="padding"></div>
 116
 117     <div class="entry">
 118       <div class="title"><a href="http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/Hvordan_b_r_RFC_822_formattert_epost_lagres_i_en_NOARK5_database_.html">Hvordan bør RFC 822-formattert epost lagres i en NOARK5-database?</a></div>
 119       <div class="date"> 7th March 2014</div>
 120       <div class="body"><p>For noen uker siden ble NXCs fri programvarelisenserte
 121 NOARK5-løsning
 122 <a href="http://www.nuug.no/aktiviteter/20140211-noark/">presentert hos
 123 NUUG</a> (video
 124 <a href="https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=JCb_dNS3MHQ">på youtube
 125 foreløbig</a>), og det fikk meg til å titte litt mer på NOARK5,
 126 standarden for arkivhåndtering i det offentlige Norge.  Jeg lurer på
 127 om denne kjernen kan være nyttig i et par av mine prosjekter, og for ett
 128 av dem er det mest aktuelt å lagre epost.  Jeg klarte ikke finne noen
 129 anbefaling om hvordan RFC 822-formattert epost (aka Internett-epost)
 130 burde lagres i NOARK5, selv om jeg vet at noen arkiver tar
 131 PDF-utskrift av eposten med sitt epostprogram og så arkiverer PDF-en
 132 (eller enda værre, tar papirutskrift og lagrer bildet av eposten som
 133 PDF i arkivet).</p>
 134
 135 <p>Det er ikke så mange formater som er akseptert av riksarkivet til
 136 langtidsoppbevaring av offentlige arkiver, og PDF og XML er de mest
 137 aktuelle i så måte.  Det slo meg at det måtte da finnes en eller annen
 138 egnet XML-representasjon og at det kanskje var enighet om hvilken som
 139 burde brukes, så jeg tok mot til meg og spurte
 140 <a href="http://samdok.com/">SAMDOK</a>, en gruppe tilknyttet
 141 arkivverket som ser ut til å jobbe med NOARK-samhandling, om de hadde
 142 noen anbefalinger:
 143
 144 <p><blockquote>
 145 <p>Hei.</p>
 146
 147 <p>Usikker på om dette er riktig forum å ta opp mitt spørsmål, men jeg
 148 lurer på om det er definert en anbefaling om hvordan RFC
 149 822-formatterte epost (aka vanlig Internet-epost) bør lages håndteres
 150 i NOARK5, slik at en bevarer all informasjon i eposten
 151 (f.eks. Received-linjer).  Finnes det en anbefalt XML-mapping ala den
 152 som beskrives på
 153 &lt;URL: <a href="https://www.informit.com/articles/article.aspx?p=32074">https://www.informit.com/articles/article.aspx?p=32074</a> &gt;?  Mitt
 154 mål er at det skal være mulig å lagre eposten i en NOARK5-kjerne og
 155 kunne få ut en identisk formattert kopi av opprinnelig epost ved
 156 behov.</p>
 157 </blockquote></p>
 158
 159 <p>Postmottaker hos SAMDOK mente spørsmålet heller burde stilles
 160 direkte til riksarkivet, og jeg fikk i dag svar derfra formulert av
 161 seniorrådgiver Geir Ivar Tungesvik:</p>
 162
 163 <p><blockquote>
 164 <p>Riksarkivet har ingen anbefalinger når det gjelder konvertering fra
 165 e-post til XML.  Det står arkivskaper fritt å eventuelt definere/bruke
 166 eget format.  Inklusive da - som det spørres om - et format der det er
 167 mulig å re-etablere e-post format ut fra XML-en.  XML (e-post)
 168 dokumenter må være referert i arkivstrukturen, og det må vedlegges et
 169 gyldig XML skjema (.xsd) for XML-filene. Arkivskaper står altså fritt
 170 til å gjøre hva de vil, bare det dokumenteres og det kan dannes et
 171 utrekk ved avlevering til depot.</p>
 172
 173 <p>De obligatoriske kravene i Noark 5 standarden må altså oppfylles -
 174 etter dialog med Riksarkivet i forbindelse med godkjenning. For
 175 offentlige arkiv er det særlig viktig med filene loependeJournal.xml
 176 og offentligJournal.xml. Private arkiv som vil forholde seg til Noark
 177 5 standarden er selvsagt frie til å bruke det som er relevant for dem
 178 av obligatoriske krav.</p>
 179 </blockquote></p>
 180
 181 <p>Det ser dermed ut for meg som om det er et lite behov for å
 182 standardisere XML-lagring av RFC-822-formatterte meldinger.  Noen som
 183 vet om god spesifikasjon i så måte?  I tillegg til den omtalt over,
 184 har jeg kommet over flere aktuelle beskrivelser (søk på "rfc 822
 185 xml", så finner du aktuelle alternativer).</p>
 186
 187 <ul>
 188
 189 <li><a href="http://www.openhealth.org/xmtp/">XML MIME Transformation
 190 protocol (XMTP)</a> fra OpenHealth, sist oppdatert 2001.</li>
 191
 192 <li><a href="https://tools.ietf.org/html/draft-klyne-message-rfc822-xml-03">An
 193 XML format for mail and other messages</a> utkast fra IETF datert
 194 2001.</li>
 195
 196 <li><a href="http://www.informit.com/articles/article.aspx?p=32074">xMail:
 197 E-mail as XML</a> en artikkel fra 2003 som beskriver python-modulen
 198 rfc822 som gir ut XML-representasjon av en RFC 822-formattert epost.</li>
 199
 200 </ul>
 201
 202 <p>Finnes det andre og bedre spesifikasjoner for slik lagring?  Send
 203 meg en epost hvis du har innspill.</p>
 204 </div>
 205       <div class="tags">
 206
 207
 208         Tags: <a href="http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/tags/norsk">norsk</a>, <a href="http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/tags/offentlig innsyn">offentlig innsyn</a>.
 209
 210
 211       </div>
 212     </div>
 213     <div class="padding"></div>
 214
 215     <div class="entry">
 216       <div class="title"><a href="http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/Lenker_for_2014_02_28.html">Lenker for 2014-02-28</a></div>
 217       <div class="date">28th February 2014</div>
 218       <div class="body"><p>Her er noen lenker til tekster jeg har satt pris på å lese de siste
 219 månedene.  Det er mye om varsleren Edward Snowden, som burde få all
 220 hjelp, støtte og beskyttelse Norge kan stille opp med for å ha satt
 221 totalitær overvåkning på sakskartet, men også endel annet
 222 tankevekkende og interessant.</p>
 223
 224 <ul>
 225
 226 <li>2013-12-21
 227 <a href="http://www.dagbladet.no/2013/12/21/nyheter/thomas_drake/nsa/overvakning/snowden/30925886/">-
 228 NSA tenker som Stasi</a> - Dagbladet.no</li>
 229
 230 <li>2013-12-19 <a href="http://www.dagensit.no/article2732734.ece">-
 231 Staten har ikke rett til å vite alt om deg</a> - DN.no</li>
 232
 233 <li>2013-12-21
 234 <a href="http://www.dagbladet.no/2013/12/21/nyheter/krig_og_konflikter/politikk/utenriks/30961126/">Nye
 235 mål for NSAs spionasje avslørt</a> - Dagbladet.no</li>
 236
 237 <li>2013-12-19
 238 <a href="http://www.dagbladet.no/2013/12/19/nyheter/nsa/usa/politikk/barack_obama/30918684/">«NSA
 239 bør fjernes fra sin makt til å samle inn metadata fra amerikanske
 240 telefonsamtaler»</a> - Dagbladet.no</li>
 241
 242 <li>2013-12-18
 243 <a href="http://www.dagbladet.no/2013/12/18/kultur/meninger/hovedkronikk/debatt/snowden/30901089/">Etterretning,
 244 overvåking, frihet og sikkerhet</a> - Dagbladet.no</li>
 245
 246 <li>2013-12-17
 247 <a href="http://www.nrk.no/verden/snowden-vil-ha-asyl-i-brasil-1.11423444">Snowden
 248 angriper USA i åpent brev</a> - nrk.no</li>
 249
 250 <li>2013-12-17
 251 <a href="http://www.digi.no/925820/rettslig-nederlag-for-etterretning">Rettslig
 252 nederlag for etterretning</a> - digi.no</li>
 253
 254 <li>2013-12-21
 255 <a href="http://www.dagbladet.no/2013/12/21/kultur/meninger/hovedkommentar/kommentar/etterretning/30963284/">Truende
 256 nedkjøling</a> - dagbladet.no</li>
 257
 258 <li>2013-12-20
 259 <a href="http://www.aftenposten.no/viten/Matematikk-og-forstaelse-7411849.html">Matematikk
 260 og forståelse</a> - aftenposten.no</li>
 261
 262 <li>2013-10-20
 263 <a href="http://www.nrk.no/viten/ny-studie_sovn-reinser-hjernen-var-1.11306106">Vi
 264 søv for å reinse hjernen vår, ifølgje ny studie</a> - nrk.no</li>
 265
 266 <li>2013-12-11
 267 <a href="http://www.nrk.no/buskerud/julebaksten-i-vasken-1.11410033">Rotterace
 268 i kloakken</a> - nrk.no</li>
 269
 270 <li>2013-12-30
 271 <a href="http://www.aftenposten.no/viten/Apne-brev-og-frie-tanker-7413734.html">Åpne
 272 brev og frie tanker</a> - aftenposten.no</li>
 273
 274 <li>2014-01-12
 275 <a href="http://www.aftenposten.no/viten/Stopp-kunnskapsapartheidet-7428229.html">Stopp dagens kunnskapsapartheid!</a> - aftenposten.no</li>
 276
 277 <li>2014-01-09
 278 <a href="http://www.aftenposten.no/nyheter/uriks/EU-rapport-Britisk-og-amerikansk-overvaking-ser-ut-til-a-vare-ulovlig-7428933.html">EU-rapport:
 279 Britisk og amerikansk overvåking ser ut til å være ulovlig</a> -
 280 aftenposten.no</li>
 281
 282 <li>2013-10-23 Professor Jan Arild Audestad
 283 <a href="http://www.digi.no/924008/advarer-mot-konspirasjonsteori">Advarer
 284 mot konspirasjonsteori</a> i digi.no og sier han ikke tror NSA kan
 285 avlytte mobiltelefoner, mens han noen måneder senere forteller:</li>
 286
 287 <li>2014-01-09
 288 <a href="http://www.aftenposten.no/nyheter/iriks/--Vi-ble-presset-til-a-svekke-mobilsikkerheten-pa-80-tallet-7410467.html">-
 289 Vi ble presset til å svekke mobilsikkerheten på 80-tallet</a> -
 290 aftenposten.no</li>
 291
 292 <li>2014-02-12
 293 <a href="http://tv.nrk.no/program/koid20005814/et-moete-med-edward-snowden">Et
 294 møte med Edward Snowden</a> - intervju sendt av nrk, tilgjengelig til
 295 2015-01-31</li>
 296
 297 <li>2014-02-17
 298 <a href="http://politiken.dk/debat/profiler/jessteinpedersen/ECE2210356/litteraturredaktoeren-helle-thornings-tavshed-om-snowden-er-en-skandale/">Litteraturredaktøren:
 299 Helle Thornings tavshed om Snowden er en skandale</a> -
 300 politiken.dk</li>
 301
 302 <li>2014-02-21
 303 <a href="http://www.aftenposten.no/meninger/kronikker/Bra-a-ha-en-Storebror-7476734.html">Bra å ha en «Storebror»</a> - aftenposten.no</li>
 304
 305 <li>2014-02-28
 306 <a href="http://johnchristianelden.blogg.no/1393536806_narkotikasiktet_stort.html">"Narkotikasiktet
 307 Stortingsmann" - Spillet bak kulissene</a> - John Christian Eldens
 308 blogg</li>
 309
 310 <li>2014-02-28
 311 <a href="http://www.aftenposten.no/meninger/Heksejakt-pa-hasjbrukere-7486283.html">Heksejakt
 312 på hasjbrukere</a> - aftenposten.no</li>
 313
 314 </ul>
 315 </div>
 316       <div class="tags">
 317
 318
 319         Tags: <a href="http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/tags/lenker">lenker</a>, <a href="http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/tags/norsk">norsk</a>, <a href="http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/tags/personvern">personvern</a>.
 320
 321
 322       </div>
 323     </div>
 324     <div class="padding"></div>
 325
 326     <div class="entry">
 327       <div class="title"><a href="http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/New_home_and_release_1_0_for_netgroup_and_innetgr__aka_ng_utils_.html">New home and release 1.0 for netgroup and innetgr (aka ng-utils)</a></div>
 328       <div class="date">22nd February 2014</div>
 329       <div class="body"><p>Many years ago, I wrote a GPL licensed version of the netgroup and
 330 innetgr tools, because I needed them in
 331 <a href="http://www.skolelinux.org/">Skolelinux</a>.  I called the project
 332 ng-utils, and it has served me well.  I placed the project under the
 333 <a href="http://www.hungry.com/">Hungry Programmer</a> umbrella, and it was maintained in our CVS
 334 repository.  But many years ago, the CVS repository was dropped (lost,
 335 not migrated to new hardware, not sure), and the project have lacked a
 336 proper home since then.</p>
 337
 338 <p>Last summer, I had a look at the package and made a new release
 339 fixing a irritating crash bug, but was unable to store the changes in
 340 a proper source control system.  I applied for a project on
 341 <a href="https://alioth.debian.org/">Alioth</a>, but did not have time
 342 to follow up on it.  Until today. :)</p>
 343
 344 <p>After many hours of cleaning and migration, the ng-utils project
 345 now have a new home, and a git repository with the highlight of the
 346 history of the project.  I published all release tarballs and imported
 347 them into the git repository.  As the project is really stable and not
 348 expected to gain new features any time soon, I decided to make a new
 349 release and call it 1.0.  Visit the new project home on
 350 <a href="https://alioth.debian.org/projects/ng-utils/">https://alioth.debian.org/projects/ng-utils/</a>
 351 if you want to check it out.  The new version is also uploaded into
 352 <a href="http://packages.qa.debian.org/n/ng-utils.html">Debian Unstable</a>.</p>
 353 </div>
 354       <div class="tags">
 355
 356
 357         Tags: <a href="http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/tags/debian">debian</a>, <a href="http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/tags/english">english</a>.
 358
 359
 360       </div>
 361     </div>
 362     <div class="padding"></div>
 363
 364     <div class="entry">
 365       <div class="title"><a href="http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/Testing_sysvinit_from_experimental_in_Debian_Hurd.html">Testing sysvinit from experimental in Debian Hurd</a></div>
 366       <div class="date"> 3rd February 2014</div>
 367       <div class="body"><p>A few days ago I decided to try to help the Hurd people to get
 368 their changes into sysvinit, to allow them to use the normal sysvinit
 369 boot system instead of their old one.  This follow up on the
 370 <a href="https://teythoon.cryptobitch.de//categories/gsoc.html">great
 371 Google Summer of Code work</a> done last summer by Justus Winter to
 372 get Debian on Hurd working more like Debian on Linux.  To get started,
 373 I downloaded a prebuilt hard disk image from
 374 <a href="http://ftp.debian-ports.org/debian-cd/hurd-i386/current/debian-hurd.img.tar.gz">http://ftp.debian-ports.org/debian-cd/hurd-i386/current/debian-hurd.img.tar.gz</a>,
 375 and started it using virt-manager.</p>
 376
 377 <p>The first think I had to do after logging in (root without any
 378 password) was to get the network operational.  I followed
 379 <a href="https://www.debian.org/ports/hurd/hurd-install">the
 380 instructions on the Debian GNU/Hurd ports page</a> and ran these
 381 commands as root to get the machine to accept a IP address from the
 382 kvm internal DHCP server:</p>
 383
 384 <p><blockquote><pre>
 385 settrans -fgap /dev/netdde /hurd/netdde
 386 kill $(ps -ef|awk '/[p]finet/ { print $2}')
 387 kill $(ps -ef|awk '/[d]evnode/ { print $2}')
 388 dhclient /dev/eth0
 389 </pre></blockquote></p>
 390
 391 <p>After this, the machine had internet connectivity, and I could
 392 upgrade it and install the sysvinit packages from experimental and
 393 enable it as the default boot system in Hurd.</p>
 394
 395 <p>But before I did that, I set a password on the root user, as ssh is
 396 running on the machine it for ssh login to work a password need to be
 397 set.  Also, note that a bug somewhere in openssh on Hurd block
 398 compression from working.  Remember to turn that off on the client
 399 side.</p>
 400
 401 <p>Run these commands as root to upgrade and test the new sysvinit
 402 stuff:</p>
 403
 404 <p><blockquote><pre>
 405 cat > /etc/apt/sources.list.d/experimental.list &lt;&lt;EOF
 406 deb http://http.debian.net/debian/ experimental main
 407 EOF
 408 apt-get update
 409 apt-get dist-upgrade
 410 apt-get install -t experimental initscripts sysv-rc sysvinit \
 411     sysvinit-core sysvinit-utils
 412 update-alternatives --config runsystem
 413 </pre></blockquote></p>
 414
 415 <p>To reboot after switching boot system, you have to use
 416 <tt>reboot-hurd</tt> instead of just <tt>reboot</tt>, as there is not
 417 yet a sysvinit process able to receive the signals from the normal
 418 'reboot' command.  After switching to sysvinit as the boot system,
 419 upgrading every package and rebooting, the network come up with DHCP
 420 after boot as it should, and the settrans/pkill hack mentioned at the
 421 start is no longer needed.  But for some strange reason, there are no
 422 longer any login prompt in the virtual console, so I logged in using
 423 ssh instead.
 424
 425 <p>Note that there are some race conditions in Hurd making the boot
 426 fail some times.  No idea what the cause is, but hope the Hurd porters
 427 figure it out.  At least Justus said on IRC (#debian-hurd on
 428 irc.debian.org) that they are aware of the problem.  A way to reduce
 429 the impact is to upgrade to the Hurd packages built by Justus by
 430 adding this repository to the machine:</p>
 431
 432 <p><blockquote><pre>
 433 cat > /etc/apt/sources.list.d/hurd-ci.list &lt;&lt;EOF
 434 deb http://darnassus.sceen.net/~teythoon/hurd-ci/ sid main
 435 EOF
 436 </pre></blockquote></p>
 437
 438 <p>At the moment the prebuilt virtual machine get some packages from
 439 http://ftp.debian-ports.org/debian, because some of the packages in
 440 unstable do not yet include the required patches that are lingering in
 441 BTS.  This is the completely list of "unofficial" packages installed:</p>
 442
 443 <p><blockquote><pre>
 444 # aptitude search '?narrow(?version(CURRENT),?origin(Debian Ports))'
 445 i   emacs                   - GNU Emacs editor (metapackage)
 446 i   gdb                     - GNU Debugger
 447 i   hurd-recommended        - Miscellaneous translators
 448 i   isc-dhcp-client         - ISC DHCP client
 449 i   isc-dhcp-common         - common files used by all the isc-dhcp* packages
 450 i   libc-bin                - Embedded GNU C Library: Binaries
 451 i   libc-dev-bin            - Embedded GNU C Library: Development binaries
 452 i   libc0.3                 - Embedded GNU C Library: Shared libraries
 453 i A libc0.3-dbg             - Embedded GNU C Library: detached debugging symbols
 454 i   libc0.3-dev             - Embedded GNU C Library: Development Libraries and Hea
 455 i   multiarch-support       - Transitional package to ensure multiarch compatibilit
 456 i A x11-common              - X Window System (X.Org) infrastructure
 457 i   xorg                    - X.Org X Window System
 458 i A xserver-xorg            - X.Org X server
 459 i A xserver-xorg-input-all  - X.Org X server -- input driver metapackage
 460 #
 461 </pre></blockquote></p>
 462
 463 <p>All in all, testing hurd has been an interesting experience. :)
 464 X.org did not work out of the box and I never took the time to follow
 465 the porters instructions to fix it.  This time I was interested in the
 466 command line stuff.<p>
 467 </div>
 468       <div class="tags">
 469
 470
 471         Tags: <a href="http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/tags/bootsystem">bootsystem</a>, <a href="http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/tags/debian">debian</a>, <a href="http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/tags/english">english</a>.
 472
 473
 474       </div>
 475     </div>
 476     <div class="padding"></div>
 477
 478     <div class="entry">
 479       <div class="title"><a href="http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/A_fist_full_of_non_anonymous_Bitcoins.html">A fist full of non-anonymous Bitcoins</a></div>
 480       <div class="date">29th January 2014</div>
 481       <div class="body"><p>Bitcoin is a incredible use of peer to peer communication and
 482 encryption, allowing direct and immediate money transfer without any
 483 central control.  It is sometimes claimed to be ideal for illegal
 484 activity, which I believe is quite a long way from the truth.  At least
 485 I would not conduct illegal money transfers using a system where the
 486 details of every transaction are kept forever.  This point is
 487 investigated in
 488 <a href="https://www.usenix.org/publications/login">USENIX ;login:</a>
 489 from December 2013, in the article
 490 "<a href="https://www.usenix.org/system/files/login/articles/03_meiklejohn-online.pdf">A
 491 Fistful of Bitcoins - Characterizing Payments Among Men with No
 492 Names</a>" by Sarah Meiklejohn, Marjori Pomarole,Grant Jordan, Kirill
 493 Levchenko, Damon McCoy, Geoffrey M. Voelker, and Stefan Savage.  They
 494 analyse the transaction log in the Bitcoin system, using it to find
 495 addresses belong to individuals and organisations and follow the flow
 496 of money from both Bitcoin theft and trades on Silk Road to where the
 497 money end up.  This is how they wrap up their article:</p>
 498
 499 <p><blockquote>
 500 <p>"To demonstrate the usefulness of this type of analysis, we turned
 501 our attention to criminal activity. In the Bitcoin economy, criminal
 502 activity can appear in a number of forms, such as dealing drugs on
 503 Silk Road or simply stealing someone else’s bitcoins. We followed the
 504 flow of bitcoins out of Silk Road (in particular, from one notorious
 505 address) and from a number of highly publicized thefts to see whether
 506 we could track the bitcoins to known services. Although some of the
 507 thieves attempted to use sophisticated mixing techniques (or possibly
 508 mix services) to obscure the flow of bitcoins, for the most part
 509 tracking the bitcoins was quite straightforward, and we ultimately saw
 510 large quantities of bitcoins flow to a variety of exchanges directly
 511 from the point of theft (or the withdrawal from Silk Road).</p>
 512
 513 <p>As acknowledged above, following stolen bitcoins to the point at
 514 which they are deposited into an exchange does not in itself identify
 515 the thief; however, it does enable further de-anonymization in the
 516 case in which certain agencies can determine (through, for example,
 517 subpoena power) the real-world owner of the account into which the
 518 stolen bitcoins were deposited.  Because such exchanges seem to serve
 519 as chokepoints into and out of the Bitcoin economy (i.e., there are
 520 few alternative ways to cash out), we conclude that using Bitcoin for
 521 money laundering or other illicit purposes does not (at least at
 522 present) seem to be particularly attractive."</p>
 523 </blockquote><p>
 524
 525 <p>These researches are not the first to analyse the Bitcoin
 526 transaction log.  The 2011 paper
 527 "<a href="http://arxiv.org/abs/1107.4524">An Analysis of Anonymity in
 528 the Bitcoin System</A>" by Fergal Reid and Martin Harrigan is
 529 summarized like this:</p>
 530
 531 <p><blockquote>
 532 "Anonymity in Bitcoin, a peer-to-peer electronic currency system, is a
 533 complicated issue. Within the system, users are identified by
 534 public-keys only. An attacker wishing to de-anonymize its users will
 535 attempt to construct the one-to-many mapping between users and
 536 public-keys and associate information external to the system with the
 537 users. Bitcoin tries to prevent this attack by storing the mapping of
 538 a user to his or her public-keys on that user's node only and by
 539 allowing each user to generate as many public-keys as required. In
 540 this chapter we consider the topological structure of two networks
 541 derived from Bitcoin's public transaction history. We show that the
 542 two networks have a non-trivial topological structure, provide
 543 complementary views of the Bitcoin system and have implications for
 544 anonymity. We combine these structures with external information and
 545 techniques such as context discovery and flow analysis to investigate
 546 an alleged theft of Bitcoins, which, at the time of the theft, had a
 547 market value of approximately half a million U.S. dollars."
 548 </blockquote></p>
 549
 550 <p>I hope these references can help kill the urban myth that Bitcoin
 551 is anonymous.  It isn't really a good fit for illegal activites.  Use
 552 cash if you need to stay anonymous, at least until regular DNA
 553 sampling of notes and coins become the norm. :)</p>
 554
 555 <p>As usual, if you use Bitcoin and want to show your support of my
 556 activities, please send Bitcoin donations to my address
 557 <b><a href="bitcoin:15oWEoG9dUPovwmUL9KWAnYRtNJEkP1u1b&label=PetterReinholdtsenBlog">15oWEoG9dUPovwmUL9KWAnYRtNJEkP1u1b</a></b>.</p>
 558 </div>
 559       <div class="tags">
 560
 561
 562         Tags: <a href="http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/tags/bitcoin">bitcoin</a>, <a href="http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/tags/english">english</a>, <a href="http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/tags/personvern">personvern</a>, <a href="http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/tags/sikkerhet">sikkerhet</a>.
 563
 564
 565       </div>
 566     </div>
 567     <div class="padding"></div>
 568
 569     <div class="entry">
 570       <div class="title"><a href="http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/New_chrpath_release_0_16.html">New chrpath release 0.16</a></div>
 571       <div class="date">14th January 2014</div>
 572       <div class="body"><p><a href="http://www.coverity.com/">Coverity</a> is a nice tool to
 573 find problems in C, C++ and Java code using static source code
 574 analysis.  It can detect a lot of different problems, and is very
 575 useful to find memory and locking bugs in the error handling part of
 576 the source.  The company behind it provide
 577 <a href="https://scan.coverity.com/">check of free software projects as
 578 a community service</a>, and many hundred free software projects are
 579 already checked.  A few days ago I decided to have a closer look at
 580 the Coverity system, and discovered that the
 581 <a href="http://www.gnu.org/software/gnash/">gnash</a> and
 582 <a href="http://sourceforge.net/projects/ipmitool/">ipmitool</a>
 583 projects I am involved with was already registered.  But these are
 584 fairly big, and I would also like to have a small and easy project to
 585 check, and decided to <a href="http://scan.coverity.com/projects/1179">request
 586 checking of the chrpath project</a>.  It was
 587 added to the checker and discovered seven potential defects.  Six of
 588 these were real, mostly resource "leak" when the program detected an
 589 error.  Nothing serious, as the resources would be released a fraction
 590 of a second later when the program exited because of the error, but it
 591 is nice to do it right in case the source of the program some time in
 592 the future end up in a library.  Having fixed all defects and added
 593 <a href="https://lists.alioth.debian.org/mailman/listinfo/chrpath-devel">a
 594 mailing list for the chrpath developers</a>, I decided it was time to
 595 publish a new release.  These are the release notes:</p>
 596
 597 <p>New in 0.16 released 2014-01-14:</p>
 598
 599 <ul>
 600
 601   <li>Fixed all minor bugs discovered by Coverity.</li>
 602   <li>Updated config.sub and config.guess from the GNU project.</li>
 603   <li>Mention new project mailing list in the documentation.</li>
 604
 605 </ul>
 606
 607 <p>You can
 608 <a href="https://alioth.debian.org/frs/?group_id=31052">download the
 609 new version 0.16 from alioth</a>.  Please let us know via the Alioth
 610 project if something is wrong with the new release.  The test suite
 611 did not discover any old errors, so if you find a new one, please also
 612 include a test suite check.</p>
 613 </div>
 614       <div class="tags">
 615
 616
 617         Tags: <a href="http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/tags/chrpath">chrpath</a>, <a href="http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/tags/debian">debian</a>, <a href="http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/tags/english">english</a>.
 618
 619
 620       </div>
 621     </div>
 622     <div class="padding"></div>
 623
 624     <div class="entry">
 625       <div class="title"><a href="http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/Debian_Edu_interview__Dominik_George.html">Debian Edu interview: Dominik George</a></div>
 626       <div class="date">25th December 2013</div>
 627       <div class="body"><p>The <a href="http://www.skolelinux.org/">Debian Edu / Skolelinux
 628 project</a> consist of both newcomers and old timers, and this time I
 629 was able to get an interview with a newcomer in the project who showed
 630 up on the IRC channel a few weeks ago to let us know about his
 631 successful installation of Debian Edu Wheezy in his School.  Say hello
 632 to <a href="https://www.ohloh.net/accounts/Natureshadow">Dominik
 633 George</a>.</p>
 634
 635 <!-- http://www.dominik-george.de/images/foto.jpg -->
 636
 637 <p><strong>Who are you, and how do you spend your days?</strong></p>
 638
 639 <p>I am a 23 year-old student from Germany who has spent half of his
 640 life with open source. In "real life", I am, as already mentioned, a
 641 student in the fields of Computer Science, Electrical Engineering,
 642 Information Technologies and Anglistics. Due to my (only partially
 643 voluntary) huge engagement in the open source world, these things are
 644 a bit vacant right now however.</p>
 645
 646 <p>I also have been working as a project teacher at a Gymasnium
 647 (public school) for various years now. I took up that work some time
 648 around 2005 when still attending that school myself and have continued
 649 it until today. I also had been running the (kind of very advanced)
 650 network of that school together with a team of very interested and
 651 talented students in the age of 11 to 15 years, who took the chance to
 652 learn a lot about open source and networking before I left the school
 653 to help building another school's informational education concept from
 654 scratch.</p>
 655
 656 <p>That said, one might see me as a kind of "glue" between school kids
 657 and the elderly of teachers as well as between the open source
 658 ecosystem and the (even more complex) educational ecosystem.</p>
 659
 660 <p>When I am not busy with open source or education, I like Geocaching
 661 and cycling.</p>
 662
 663 <p><strong>How did you get in contact with the Skolelinux / Debian Edu
 664 project?</strong></p>
 665
 666 <p>I think that happened some time around 2009 when I first attended
 667 <a href="http://www.froscon.org">FrOSCon</a> and visited the project
 668 booth. I think I wasn't too interested back then because I used to
 669 have an attitude of disliking software that does too much stuff on its
 670 own. Maybe I was too inexperienced to realise the upsides of an
 671 "out-of-the-box" solution ;).</p>
 672
 673 <p>The first time I actively talked to Skolelinux people was at
 674 <a href="http://www.openrheinruhr.de">OpenRheinRuhr</a> 2011 when the
 675 BiscuIT project, a home-grewn software used by my school for various
 676 really cool things from timetables and class contact lists to lunch
 677 ordering, student ID card printing and project elections first got to
 678 a stage where it could have been published. I asked the Skolelinux
 679 guys running the booth if the project were interested in it and gave a
 680 small demonstration, but there wasn't any real feedback and the guys
 681 seemed rather uninterested.</p>
 682
 683 <p>After I left the school where I developed the software, it got
 684 mostly lost, but I am now reimplementing it for my new school. I have
 685 reusability and compatibility in mind, and I hop there will be a new
 686 basis for contributing it to the Skolelinux project ;)!</p>
 687
 688 <p><strong>What do you see as the advantages of Skolelinux / Debian
 689 Edu?</strong></p>
 690
 691 <p>The most important advantage seems to be that it "just
 692 works". After overcoming some minor (but still very annoying) glitches
 693 in the installer, I got a fully functional, working school network,
 694 without the month-long hassle I experienced when setting all that up
 695 from scratch in earlier years. And above that, it rocked - I didn't
 696 have any real hardware at hand, because the school was just founded
 697 and has no money whatsoever, so I installed a combined server (main
 698 server, terminal services and workstation) in a VM on my personal
 699 notebook, bridging the LTSP network interface to the ethernet port,
 700 and then PXE-booted the Windows notebooks that were lying around from
 701 it. I could use 8 clients without any performance issues, by using a
 702 tiny little VM on a tiny little notebook. I think that's enough to say
 703 that it rocks!</p>
 704
 705 <p>Secondly, there are marketing reasons. Life's bad, and so no
 706 politician will ever permit a setup described as "Debian, an universal
 707 operating system, with some really cool educational tools" while they
 708 will be jsut fine with "Skolelinux, a single-purpose solution for your
 709 school network", even if both turn out to be the very same thing (yes,
 710 this is unfair towards the Skolelinux project, and must not be taken
 711 too seriously - you get the idea, anyway).</p>
 712
 713 <p><strong>What do you see as the disadvantages of Skolelinux / Debian
 714 Edu?</strong></p>
 715
 716 <p>I have not been involved with Skolelinux long enough to really
 717 answer this question in a fair way. Thus, please allow me to put it in
 718 other words: "What do you expect from Skolelinux to keep liking it?" I
 719 can list a few points about that:</p>
 720
 721 <ul>
 722
 723  <li>always strive to get all things integrated into Debian upstream
 724  <li>be open to discussion about changes and the like, even with newcomers
 725  <li>be helpful at being helpful ;)
 726
 727 </ul>
 728
 729 <p>I'm really sorry I cannot say much more about that :(!</p>
 730
 731 <p><strong>Which free software do you use daily?</strong></p>
 732
 733 <p>First of all, all software I use is free and open. I have abandoned
 734 all non-free software (except for firmware on my darned phone) this
 735 year.</p>
 736
 737 <p>I run Debian GNU/Linux on all PC systems I use. On that, I mostly
 738 run text tools. I use
 739 <a href="https://www.mirbsd.org/mksh.htm">mksh</a> as shell,
 740 <a href="https://www.mirbsd.org/jupp.htm">jupp</a> as very advanced
 741 text editor (I even got the developer to help me write a script/macro
 742 based full-featured student management software with the two),
 743 <a href="http://mcabber.com/">mcabber</a> for XMPP and
 744 <a href="http://www.irssi.org/">irssi</a> for IRC. For that overly
 745 coloured world called the WWW, I use
 746 <a href="https://www.mozilla.org/en-US/firefox/new/">Iceweasel
 747 (Firefox)</a>. Oh, and <a href="http://www.mutt.org/">mutt</a> for
 748 e-mail.</p>
 749
 750 <p>However, while I am personally aware of the fact that text tools
 751 are more efficient and powerful than anything else, I also use (or at
 752 least operate) some tools that are suitable to bring open source to
 753 kids. One of these things is <a href="http://jappix.org/">Jappix</a>,
 754 which I already introduced to some kids even before they got aware of
 755 Facebook, making them see for themselves that they do not need
 756 Facebook now ;).</p>
 757
 758 <p><strong>Which strategy do you believe is the right one to use to
 759 get schools to use free software?</strong></p>
 760
 761 <p>Well, that's a two-sided thing. One side is what I believe, and one
 762 side is what I have experienced.</p>
 763
 764 <p>I believe that the right strategy is showing them the benefits. But
 765 that won't work out as long as the acceptance of free alternatives
 766 grows globally. What I mean is that if all the kids are almost forced
 767 to use Windows, Facebook, Skype, you name it at home, they will not
 768 see why they would want to use alternatives at school. I have seen
 769 students take seat in front of a fully-functional, modern Debian
 770 desktop that could do anything their Windows at home could do, and
 771 they jsut refused to use it because "Linux sucks". It is something
 772 that makes the council of our city spend around 600000 € to buy
 773 software - not including hardware, mind you - for operating school
 774 networks, and for installing a system that, as has been proved, does
 775 not work. For those of you readers who are good at maths, have you
 776 already found out how many lives could have been saved with that money
 777 if we had instead used it to bring education to parts of the world
 778 that need it? I have, and found it to be nothing less dramatic than
 779 plain criminal.</p>
 780
 781 <p>That said, the only feasible way appears to be the bottom up
 782 method. We have to bring free software to kids and parents. I have
 783 founded an association named
 784 <a href="https://www.teckids.org">Teckids</a> here in Germany that does
 785 just that. We organise several events for kids and adolescents in the
 786 area of free and open source software, for example the
 787 <a href="http://kids.froscon.org">FrogLabs</a>, which share staff with
 788 Teckids and are the youth programme of
 789 <a href="http://www.froscon.org">the Free and Open Source Software
 790 Conference (FrOSCon)</a>. We do a lot more than most other conferences
 791 - this year, we first offered the FrogLabs as a holiday camp for kids
 792 aged 10 to 16. It was a huge success, with approx. 30 kids taking part
 793 and learning with and about free software through a whole weekend. All
 794 of us had a lot of fun, and the results were really exciting.</p>
 795
 796 <p>Apart from that, we are preparing a campaign that is supposed to bring
 797 the message of free alternatives to stuff kids use every day to them and
 798 their parents, e.g. the use of Jabber / Jappix instead of Facebook and
 799 Skype. To make that possible, we are planning to get together a team of
 800 clever kids who understand very well what their peers need and can bring
 801 it across to them. So we will have a peer-driven network of adolescents
 802 who teach each other and collect feedback from the community of minors.
 803 We then take that feedback and our own experience to work closely with
 804 open source projects, such as Skolelinux or Jappix, at improving their
 805 software in a way that makes it more and more attractive for the target
 806 group. At least I hope that we will have good cooperation with
 807 Skolelinux in the future ;)!</p>
 808
 809 <p>So in conclusion, what I believe is that, if it weren't for the world
 810 being so bad, it should be very clear to the political decision makers
 811 that the only way to go nowadays is free software for various reasons,
 812 but I have learnt that the only way that seems to work is bottom up.</p>
 813
 814 <!--
 815
 816 >  * Who should be interviewed with this questions in the future?
 817
 818 That's probably the hardest question of them all, as I do not know the
 819 community. However, I would be willing to do the following:
 820
 821  <li>Run an interview with a German headteacher who is very open to
 822    free software, and also prefers it, but cannot really use it because
 823    of the decision makers above;
 824  <li>Run interviews with some kids, both with and without previous
 825    knowledge about free software
 826
 827 If that is wanted, just let me know ;).
 828
 829 -->
 830 </div>
 831       <div class="tags">
 832
 833
 834         Tags: <a href="http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/tags/debian edu">debian edu</a>, <a href="http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/tags/english">english</a>, <a href="http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/tags/intervju">intervju</a>.
 835
 836
 837       </div>
 838     </div>
 839     <div class="padding"></div>
 840
 841     <div class="entry">
 842       <div class="title"><a href="http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/Dugnadsnett_for_alle_stiller_p__Oslo_Maker_Faire_i_januar_2014.html">Dugnadsnett for alle stiller på Oslo Maker Faire i januar 2014</a></div>
 843       <div class="date">10th December 2013</div>
 844       <div class="body"><p>Helga 18. og 19. januar 2014 arrangeres
 845 <a href="http://makerfaireoslo.no/no/program/dugnadsnett">Oslo Maker
 846 Faire</a>, og <a href="http://www.dugnadsnett.no/">Dugnadsnett for
 847 alle</a> har fått plass!  Planen er å ha et bord med en plakat der vi
 848 forteller om hva Dugnadsnett for alle er for noe, og et lite verksted
 849 der vi hjelper folk som er interessert i å få opp sin egen mesh-node.
 850 Jeg gleder meg til å se hvordan prosjektet blir mottatt der.</p>
 851
 852 <p>Målet med dugnadsnett for alle i Oslo er å få på plass et datanett
 853 for kommunikasjon ved hjelp av radio-repeaterstasjoner (kalt
 854 mesh-noder) som gjør at en kan direkte kommunisere med slekt, venner
 855 og bekjente i Oslo via andre som deltar i dugnadsnettet, samt gjøre
 856 det mulig komme ut på internett via dugnadsnettet.  Første delmål er å
 857 kunne sende SMS-meldinger vha. IP-telefoni løsningen
 858 <a href="http://www.servalproject.org/">Serval project</a> mellom
 859 deltagerne i Dugnadsnett for alle i Oslo.  Formålet er å ta tilbake
 860 kontrollen over egen nett-infrastruktur og gjøre det dyrere å bedrive
 861 massiv innsamling av informasjon om borgernes bruk av datanett.</p>
 862
 863 <p>Høres dette interessant ut?  Bli med på prosjektet, fortell oss
 864 hvor du kunne tenke deg å sette opp en radio-repeater (slik at folk i
 865 nærheten kan finne hverandre ved hjelp av
 866 <a href="http://flynor.net/mesh/mesh.php">kartet over planlagte og
 867 eksisterende radio-repeatere</A>), bli med på epostlisten
 868 <a href="http://lists.nuug.no/mailman/listinfo/dugnadsnett">dugnadsnett
 869 (at) nuug.no</a> og stikk innom
 870 <a href="irc://irc.freenode.net/#dugnadsnett.no">IRC-kanalen
 871 #dugnadsnett.no</a>.  Så langt er det planlagt over 40
 872 radio-repeatere, med VPN-forbindelser via Internet for å la de delene
 873 av nettet som ikke når hverandre via radio kunne snakke med hverandre
 874 likevel.</p>
 875 </div>
 876       <div class="tags">
 877
 878
 879         Tags: <a href="http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/tags/mesh network">mesh network</a>, <a href="http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/tags/norsk">norsk</a>, <a href="http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/tags/nuug">nuug</a>.
 880
 881
 882       </div>
 883     </div>
 884     <div class="padding"></div>
 885
 886     <div class="entry">
 887       <div class="title"><a href="http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/Debian_Edu_interview__Klaus_Knopper.html">Debian Edu interview: Klaus Knopper</a></div>
 888       <div class="date"> 6th December 2013</div>
 889       <div class="body"><p>It has been a while since I managed to publish the last interview,
 890 but the <a href="http://www.skolelinux.org/">Debian Edu /
 891 Skolelinux</a> community is still going strong, and yesterday we even
 892 had a new school administrator show up on
 893 <a href="irc://irc.debian.org/#debian-edu">#debian-edu</a> to share
 894 his success story with installing Debian Edu at their school.  This
 895 time I have been able to get some helpful comments from the creator of
 896 Knoppix, Klaus Knopper, who was involved in a Skolelinux project in
 897 Germany a few years ago.</p>
 898
 899 <p><strong>Who are you, and how do you spend your days?</strong></p>
 900
 901 <p>I am Klaus Knopper.  I have a master degree in electrical
 902 engineering, and is currently professor in information management at
 903 the university of applied sciences Kaiserslautern / Germany and
 904 freelance Open Source software developer and consultant.</p>
 905
 906 <p>All of this is pretty much of the work I spend my days with. Apart
 907 from teaching, I'm also conducting some more or less experimental
 908 projects like the <a href="http://www.knoppix.org">Knoppix GNU/Linux live
 909 system</a> (Debian-based like Skolelinux),
 910 <a href="http://www.knopper.net/knoppix-adriane/index-en.html">ADRIANE</a>
 911 (a blind-friendly talking desktop system) and
 912 <a href="http://www.knopper.net/linbo/index-en.html">LINBO</a>
 913 (Linux-based network boot console, a fast remote install and repair
 914 system supporting various operating systems).</p>
 915
 916 <p><strong>How did you get in contact with the Skolelinux / Debian Edu
 917 project?</strong></p>
 918
 919 <p>The credit for this have to go to Kurt Gramlich, who is the German
 920 coordinator for Skolelinux.  We were looking for an all-in-one open
 921 source community-supported distribution for schools, and Kurt
 922 introduced us to Skolelinux for this purpose.</p>
 923
 924 <p><strong>What do you see as the advantages of Skolelinux / Debian
 925 Edu?</strong></p>
 926
 927 <ul>
 928   <li>Quick installation,</li>
 929   <li>works (almost) out of the box,</li>
 930   <li>contains many useful software packages for teaching and learning,</li>
 931   <li>is a purely community-based distro and not controlled by a
 932     single company,</li>
 933   <li>has a large number of supporters and teachers who share their
 934     experience and problem solutions.</li>
 935 </ul>
 936
 937 <p><strong>What do you see as the disadvantages of Skolelinux / Debian
 938 Edu?</strong></p>
 939
 940 <ul>
 941   <li>Skolelinux is - as we had to learn - not easily upgradable to
 942   the next version.  Opposed to its genuine Debian base, upgrading to
 943   a new version means a full new installation from scratch to get it
 944   working again reliably.
 945
 946   <li>Skolelinux is based on Debian/stable, and therefore always a
 947   little outdated in terms of program versions compared to Edubuntu or
 948   similar educational Linux distros, which rather use Debian/testing
 949   as their base.
 950
 951   <li>Skolelinux has some very self-opinionated and stubborn default
 952   configuration which in my opinion adds unnecessary complexity and is
 953   not always suitable for a schools needs, the preset network
 954   configuration is actually a core definition feature of Skolelinux
 955   and not easy to change, so schools sometimes have to change their
 956   network configuration to make it "Skolelinux-compatible".
 957
 958   <li>Some proposed extensions, which were made available as
 959   contribution, like secure examination mode and lecture material
 960   distribution and collection, were not accepted into the mainline
 961   Skolelinux development and are now not easy to maintain in the
 962   future because of Skolelinux somewhat undeterministic update
 963   schemes.</li>
 964
 965   <li>Skolelinux has only a very tiny number of base developers
 966   compared to Debian.</li>
 967
 968 </ul>
 969
 970 <p>For these reasons and experience from our project, I would now
 971 rather consider using plain Debian for schools next time, until
 972 Skolelinux is more closely integrated into Debian and becomes
 973 upgradeable without reinstallation.</p>
 974
 975 <p><strong>Which free software do you use daily?</strong></p>
 976
 977 <p>GNU/Linux with LXDE desktop, bash for interactive dialog and
 978 programming, texlive for documentation and correspondence,
 979 occasionally LibreOffice for document format conversion. Various
 980 programming languages for teaching.</p>
 981
 982 <p><strong>Which strategy do you believe is the right one to use to
 983 get schools to use free software?</strong></p>
 984
 985 <p>Strong arguments are</p>
 986
 987 <ul>
 988
 989   <li>Knowledge is free, and so should be methods and tools for
 990     teaching and learning.</li>
 991
 992   <li>Students can learn with and use the same software at school, at
 993     home, and at their working place without running into license or
 994     conversion problems.</li>
 995
 996   <li>Closed source or proprietary software hides knowledge rather
 997     than exposing it, and proprietary software vendors try to bind
 998     customers to certain products.  But teachers need to teach
 999     science, not products.</li>
1000
1001   <li>If you have everything you for daily work as open source, what
1002     would you need proprietary software for?</li>
1003
1004 </ul>
1005 </div>
1006       <div class="tags">
1007
1008
1009         Tags: <a href="http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/tags/debian edu">debian edu</a>, <a href="http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/tags/english">english</a>, <a href="http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/tags/intervju">intervju</a>.
1010
1011
1012       </div>
1013     </div>
1014     <div class="padding"></div>
1015
1016     <p style="text-align: right;"><a href="index.rss"><img src="http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/xml.gif" alt="RSS feed" width="36" height="14" /></a></p>
1017     <div id="sidebar">
1018
1019
1020
1021 <h2>Archive</h2>
1022 <ul>
1023
1024 <li>2014
1025 <ul>
1026
1027 <li><a href="http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/archive/2014/01/">January (2)</a></li>
1028
1029 <li><a href="http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/archive/2014/02/">February (3)</a></li>
1030
1031 <li><a href="http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/archive/2014/03/">March (2)</a></li>
1032
1033 </ul></li>
1034
1035 <li>2013
1036 <ul>
1037
1038 <li><a href="http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/archive/2013/01/">January (11)</a></li>
1039
1040 <li><a href="http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/archive/2013/02/">February (9)</a></li>
1041
1042 <li><a href="http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/archive/2013/03/">March (9)</a></li>
1043
1044 <li><a href="http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/archive/2013/04/">April (6)</a></li>
1045
1046 <li><a href="http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/archive/2013/05/">May (9)</a></li>
1047
1048 <li><a href="http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/archive/2013/06/">June (10)</a></li>
1049
1050 <li><a href="http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/archive/2013/07/">July (7)</a></li>
1051
1052 <li><a href="http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/archive/2013/08/">August (3)</a></li>
1053
1054 <li><a href="http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/archive/2013/09/">September (5)</a></li>
1055
1056 <li><a href="http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/archive/2013/10/">October (7)</a></li>
1057
1058 <li><a href="http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/archive/2013/11/">November (9)</a></li>
1059
1060 <li><a href="http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/archive/2013/12/">December (3)</a></li>
1061
1062 </ul></li>
1063
1064 <li>2012
1065 <ul>
1066
1067 <li><a href="http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/archive/2012/01/">January (7)</a></li>
1068
1069 <li><a href="http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/archive/2012/02/">February (10)</a></li>
1070
1071 <li><a href="http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/archive/2012/03/">March (17)</a></li>
1072
1073 <li><a href="http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/archive/2012/04/">April (12)</a></li>
1074
1075 <li><a href="http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/archive/2012/05/">May (12)</a></li>
1076
1077 <li><a href="http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/archive/2012/06/">June (20)</a></li>
1078
1079 <li><a href="http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/archive/2012/07/">July (17)</a></li>
1080
1081 <li><a href="http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/archive/2012/08/">August (6)</a></li>
1082
1083 <li><a href="http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/archive/2012/09/">September (9)</a></li>
1084
1085 <li><a href="http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/archive/2012/10/">October (17)</a></li>
1086
1087 <li><a href="http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/archive/2012/11/">November (10)</a></li>
1088
1089 <li><a href="http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/archive/2012/12/">December (7)</a></li>
1090
1091 </ul></li>
1092
1093 <li>2011
1094 <ul>
1095
1096 <li><a href="http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/archive/2011/01/">January (16)</a></li>
1097
1098 <li><a href="http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/archive/2011/02/">February (6)</a></li>
1099
1100 <li><a href="http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/archive/2011/03/">March (6)</a></li>
1101
1102 <li><a href="http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/archive/2011/04/">April (7)</a></li>
1103
1104 <li><a href="http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/archive/2011/05/">May (3)</a></li>
1105
1106 <li><a href="http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/archive/2011/06/">June (2)</a></li>
1107
1108 <li><a href="http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/archive/2011/07/">July (7)</a></li>
1109
1110 <li><a href="http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/archive/2011/08/">August (6)</a></li>
1111
1112 <li><a href="http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/archive/2011/09/">September (4)</a></li>
1113
1114 <li><a href="http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/archive/2011/10/">October (2)</a></li>
1115
1116 <li><a href="http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/archive/2011/11/">November (3)</a></li>
1117
1118 <li><a href="http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/archive/2011/12/">December (1)</a></li>
1119
1120 </ul></li>
1121
1122 <li>2010
1123 <ul>
1124
1125 <li><a href="http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/archive/2010/01/">January (2)</a></li>
1126
1127 <li><a href="http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/archive/2010/02/">February (1)</a></li>
1128
1129 <li><a href="http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/archive/2010/03/">March (3)</a></li>
1130
1131 <li><a href="http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/archive/2010/04/">April (3)</a></li>
1132
1133 <li><a href="http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/archive/2010/05/">May (9)</a></li>
1134
1135 <li><a href="http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/archive/2010/06/">June (14)</a></li>
1136
1137 <li><a href="http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/archive/2010/07/">July (12)</a></li>
1138
1139 <li><a href="http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/archive/2010/08/">August (13)</a></li>
1140
1141 <li><a href="http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/archive/2010/09/">September (7)</a></li>
1142
1143 <li><a href="http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/archive/2010/10/">October (9)</a></li>
1144
1145 <li><a href="http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/archive/2010/11/">November (13)</a></li>
1146
1147 <li><a href="http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/archive/2010/12/">December (12)</a></li>
1148
1149 </ul></li>
1150
1151 <li>2009
1152 <ul>
1153
1154 <li><a href="http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/archive/2009/01/">January (8)</a></li>
1155
1156 <li><a href="http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/archive/2009/02/">February (8)</a></li>
1157
1158 <li><a href="http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/archive/2009/03/">March (12)</a></li>
1159
1160 <li><a href="http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/archive/2009/04/">April (10)</a></li>
1161
1162 <li><a href="http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/archive/2009/05/">May (9)</a></li>
1163
1164 <li><a href="http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/archive/2009/06/">June (3)</a></li>
1165
1166 <li><a href="http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/archive/2009/07/">July (4)</a></li>
1167
1168 <li><a href="http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/archive/2009/08/">August (3)</a></li>
1169
1170 <li><a href="http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/archive/2009/09/">September (1)</a></li>
1171
1172 <li><a href="http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/archive/2009/10/">October (2)</a></li>
1173
1174 <li><a href="http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/archive/2009/11/">November (3)</a></li>
1175
1176 <li><a href="http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/archive/2009/12/">December (3)</a></li>
1177
1178 </ul></li>
1179
1180 <li>2008
1181 <ul>
1182
1183 <li><a href="http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/archive/2008/11/">November (5)</a></li>
1184
1185 <li><a href="http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/archive/2008/12/">December (7)</a></li>
1186
1187 </ul></li>
1188
1189 </ul>
1190
1191
1192
1193 <h2>Tags</h2>
1194 <ul>
1195
1196  <li><a href="http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/tags/3d-printer">3d-printer (13)</a></li>
1197
1198  <li><a href="http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/tags/amiga">amiga (1)</a></li>
1199
1200  <li><a href="http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/tags/aros">aros (1)</a></li>
1201
1202  <li><a href="http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/tags/bankid">bankid (4)</a></li>
1203
1204  <li><a href="http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/tags/bitcoin">bitcoin (8)</a></li>
1205
1206  <li><a href="http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/tags/bootsystem">bootsystem (14)</a></li>
1207
1208  <li><a href="http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/tags/bsa">bsa (2)</a></li>
1209
1210  <li><a href="http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/tags/chrpath">chrpath (2)</a></li>
1211
1212  <li><a href="http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/tags/debian">debian (94)</a></li>
1213
1214  <li><a href="http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/tags/debian edu">debian edu (145)</a></li>
1215
1216  <li><a href="http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/tags/digistan">digistan (10)</a></li>
1217
1218  <li><a href="http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/tags/docbook">docbook (10)</a></li>
1219
1220  <li><a href="http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/tags/drivstoffpriser">drivstoffpriser (4)</a></li>
1221
1222  <li><a href="http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/tags/english">english (237)</a></li>
1223
1224  <li><a href="http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/tags/fiksgatami">fiksgatami (21)</a></li>
1225
1226  <li><a href="http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/tags/fildeling">fildeling (12)</a></li>
1227
1228  <li><a href="http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/tags/freeculture">freeculture (12)</a></li>
1229
1230  <li><a href="http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/tags/freedombox">freedombox (5)</a></li>
1231
1232  <li><a href="http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/tags/frikanalen">frikanalen (11)</a></li>
1233
1234  <li><a href="http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/tags/intervju">intervju (39)</a></li>
1235
1236  <li><a href="http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/tags/isenkram">isenkram (7)</a></li>
1237
1238  <li><a href="http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/tags/kart">kart (18)</a></li>
1239
1240  <li><a href="http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/tags/ldap">ldap (9)</a></li>
1241
1242  <li><a href="http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/tags/lenker">lenker (7)</a></li>
1243
1244  <li><a href="http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/tags/ltsp">ltsp (1)</a></li>
1245
1246  <li><a href="http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/tags/mesh network">mesh network (7)</a></li>
1247
1248  <li><a href="http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/tags/multimedia">multimedia (25)</a></li>
1249
1250  <li><a href="http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/tags/norsk">norsk (241)</a></li>
1251
1252  <li><a href="http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/tags/nuug">nuug (161)</a></li>
1253
1254  <li><a href="http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/tags/offentlig innsyn">offentlig innsyn (10)</a></li>
1255
1256  <li><a href="http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/tags/open311">open311 (2)</a></li>
1257
1258  <li><a href="http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/tags/opphavsrett">opphavsrett (45)</a></li>
1259
1260  <li><a href="http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/tags/personvern">personvern (69)</a></li>
1261
1262  <li><a href="http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/tags/raid">raid (1)</a></li>
1263
1264  <li><a href="http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/tags/reprap">reprap (11)</a></li>
1265
1266  <li><a href="http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/tags/rfid">rfid (2)</a></li>
1267
1268  <li><a href="http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/tags/robot">robot (9)</a></li>
1269
1270  <li><a href="http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/tags/rss">rss (1)</a></li>
1271
1272  <li><a href="http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/tags/ruter">ruter (4)</a></li>
1273
1274  <li><a href="http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/tags/scraperwiki">scraperwiki (2)</a></li>
1275
1276  <li><a href="http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/tags/sikkerhet">sikkerhet (34)</a></li>
1277
1278  <li><a href="http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/tags/sitesummary">sitesummary (4)</a></li>
1279
1280  <li><a href="http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/tags/skepsis">skepsis (4)</a></li>
1281
1282  <li><a href="http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/tags/standard">standard (44)</a></li>
1283
1284  <li><a href="http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/tags/stavekontroll">stavekontroll (3)</a></li>
1285
1286  <li><a href="http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/tags/stortinget">stortinget (9)</a></li>
1287
1288  <li><a href="http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/tags/surveillance">surveillance (21)</a></li>
1289
1290  <li><a href="http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/tags/sysadmin">sysadmin (1)</a></li>
1291
1292  <li><a href="http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/tags/valg">valg (8)</a></li>
1293
1294  <li><a href="http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/tags/video">video (39)</a></li>
1295
1296  <li><a href="http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/tags/vitenskap">vitenskap (4)</a></li>
1297
1298  <li><a href="http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/tags/web">web (28)</a></li>
1299
1300 </ul>
1301
1302
1303     </div>
1304     <p style="text-align: right">
1305  Created by <a href="http://steve.org.uk/Software/chronicle">Chronicle v4.6</a>
1306 </p>
1307
1308   </body>
1309 </html>