blog/Debian_Jessie__PXE_and_automatic_firmware_installation.html

   1 <!DOCTYPE html PUBLIC "-//W3C//DTD XHTML 1.0 Strict//EN"
   2           "http://www.w3.org/TR/xhtml1/DTD/xhtml1-strict.dtd">
   3 <html xmlns="http://www.w3.org/1999/xhtml" dir="ltr">
   4   <head>
   5     <meta http-equiv="Content-Type" content="text/html;charset=utf-8" />
   6     <title>Petter Reinholdtsen: Debian Jessie, PXE and automatic firmware installation</title>
   7     <link rel="stylesheet" type="text/css" media="screen" href="http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/style.css" />
   8     <link rel="stylesheet" type="text/css" media="screen" href="http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/vim.css" />
   9
  10
  11   </head>
  12   <body>
  13     <div class="title">
  14  <h1>
  15      <a href="http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/">Petter Reinholdtsen</a>
  16
  17  </h1>
  18
  19 </div>
  20
  21
  22     <div class="entry">
  23       <div class="title">Debian Jessie, PXE and automatic firmware installation</div>
  24       <div class="date">17th October 2014</div>
  25       <div class="body"><p>When PXE installing laptops with Debian, I often run into the
  26 problem that the WiFi card require some firmware to work properly.
  27 And it has been a pain to fix this using preseeding in Debian.
  28 Normally something more is needed.  But thanks to
  29 <a href="https://packages.qa.debian.org/i/isenkram.html">my isenkram
  30 package</a> and its recent tasksel extension, it has now become easy
  31 to do this using simple preseeding.</p>
  32
  33 <p>The isenkram-cli package provide tasksel tasks which will install
  34 firmware for the hardware found in the machine (actually, requested by
  35 the kernel modules for the hardware).  (It can also install user space
  36 programs supporting the hardware detected, but that is not the focus
  37 of this story.)</p>
  38
  39 <p>To get this working in the default installation, two preeseding
  40 values are needed.  First, the isenkram-cli package must be installed
  41 into the target chroot (aka the hard drive) before tasksel is executed
  42 in the pkgsel step of the debian-installer system.  This is done by
  43 preseeding the base-installer/includes debconf value to include the
  44 isenkram-cli package.  The package name is next passed to debootstrap
  45 for installation.  With the isenkram-cli package in place, tasksel
  46 will automatically use the isenkram tasks to detect hardware specific
  47 packages for the machine being installed and install them, because
  48 isenkram-cli contain tasksel tasks.</p>
  49
  50 <p>Second, one need to enable the non-free APT repository, because
  51 most firmware unfortunately is non-free.  This is done by preseeding
  52 the apt-mirror-setup step.  This is unfortunate, but for a lot of
  53 hardware it is the only option in Debian.</p>
  54
  55 <p>The end result is two lines needed in your preseeding file to get
  56 firmware installed automatically by the installer:</p>
  57
  58 <p><blockquote><pre>
  59 base-installer base-installer/includes string isenkram-cli
  60 apt-mirror-setup apt-setup/non-free boolean true
  61 </pre></blockquote></p>
  62
  63 <p>The current version of isenkram-cli in testing/jessie will install
  64 both firmware and user space packages when using this method.  It also
  65 do not work well, so use version 0.15 or later.  Installing both
  66 firmware and user space packages might give you a bit more than you
  67 want, so I decided to split the tasksel task in two, one for firmware
  68 and one for user space programs.  The firmware task is enabled by
  69 default, while the one for user space programs is not.  This split is
  70 implemented in the package currently in unstable.</p>
  71
  72 <p>If you decide to give this a go, please let me know (via email) how
  73 this recipe work for you. :)</p>
  74
  75 <p>So, I bet you are wondering, how can this work.  First and
  76 foremost, it work because tasksel is modular, and driven by whatever
  77 files it find in /usr/lib/tasksel/ and /usr/share/tasksel/.  So the
  78 isenkram-cli package place two files for tasksel to find.  First there
  79 is the task description file (/usr/share/tasksel/descs/isenkram.desc):</p>
  80
  81 <p><blockquote><pre>
  82 Task: isenkram-packages
  83 Section: hardware
  84 Description: Hardware specific packages (autodetected by isenkram)
  85  Based on the detected hardware various hardware specific packages are
  86  proposed.
  87 Test-new-install: show show
  88 Relevance: 8
  89 Packages: for-current-hardware
  90
  91 Task: isenkram-firmware
  92 Section: hardware
  93 Description: Hardware specific firmware packages (autodetected by isenkram)
  94  Based on the detected hardware various hardware specific firmware
  95  packages are proposed.
  96 Test-new-install: mark show
  97 Relevance: 8
  98 Packages: for-current-hardware-firmware
  99 </pre></blockquote></p>
 100
 101 <p>The key parts are Test-new-install which indicate how the task
 102 should be handled and the Packages line referencing to a script in
 103 /usr/lib/tasksel/packages/.  The scripts use other scripts to get a
 104 list of packages to install.  The for-current-hardware-firmware script
 105 look like this to list relevant firmware for the machine:
 106
 107 <p><blockquote><pre>
 108 #!/bin/sh
 109 #
 110 PATH=/usr/sbin:$PATH
 111 export PATH
 112 isenkram-autoinstall-firmware -l
 113 </pre></blockquote></p>
 114
 115 <p>With those two pieces in place, the firmware is installed by
 116 tasksel during the normal d-i run. :)</p>
 117
 118 <p>If you want to test what tasksel will install when isenkram-cli is
 119 installed, run <tt>DEBIAN_PRIORITY=critical tasksel --test
 120 --new-install</tt> to get the list of packages that tasksel would
 121 install.</p>
 122
 123 <p><a href="https://wiki.debian.org/DebianEdu/">Debian Edu</a> will be
 124 pilots in testing this feature, as isenkram is used there now to
 125 install firmware, replacing the earlier scripts.</p>
 126 </div>
 127
 128       <div class="tags">Tags: <a href="http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/tags/debian">debian</a>, <a href="http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/tags/english">english</a>, <a href="http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/tags/isenkram">isenkram</a>, <a href="http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/tags/sysadmin">sysadmin</a>.</div>
 129
 130
 131     </div>
 132
 133
 134
 135
 136     <div id="sidebar">
 137
 138
 139
 140 <h2>Archive</h2>
 141 <ul>
 142
 143 <li>2016
 144 <ul>
 145
 146 <li><a href="http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/archive/2016/01/">January (3)</a></li>
 147
 148 <li><a href="http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/archive/2016/02/">February (2)</a></li>
 149
 150 <li><a href="http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/archive/2016/03/">March (3)</a></li>
 151
 152 <li><a href="http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/archive/2016/04/">April (8)</a></li>
 153
 154 <li><a href="http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/archive/2016/05/">May (8)</a></li>
 155
 156 <li><a href="http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/archive/2016/06/">June (2)</a></li>
 157
 158 <li><a href="http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/archive/2016/07/">July (2)</a></li>
 159
 160 <li><a href="http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/archive/2016/08/">August (5)</a></li>
 161
 162 <li><a href="http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/archive/2016/09/">September (2)</a></li>
 163
 164 <li><a href="http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/archive/2016/10/">October (3)</a></li>
 165
 166 <li><a href="http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/archive/2016/11/">November (8)</a></li>
 167
 168 <li><a href="http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/archive/2016/12/">December (1)</a></li>
 169
 170 </ul></li>
 171
 172 <li>2015
 173 <ul>
 174
 175 <li><a href="http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/archive/2015/01/">January (7)</a></li>
 176
 177 <li><a href="http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/archive/2015/02/">February (6)</a></li>
 178
 179 <li><a href="http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/archive/2015/03/">March (1)</a></li>
 180
 181 <li><a href="http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/archive/2015/04/">April (4)</a></li>
 182
 183 <li><a href="http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/archive/2015/05/">May (3)</a></li>
 184
 185 <li><a href="http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/archive/2015/06/">June (4)</a></li>
 186
 187 <li><a href="http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/archive/2015/07/">July (6)</a></li>
 188
 189 <li><a href="http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/archive/2015/08/">August (2)</a></li>
 190
 191 <li><a href="http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/archive/2015/09/">September (2)</a></li>
 192
 193 <li><a href="http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/archive/2015/10/">October (9)</a></li>
 194
 195 <li><a href="http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/archive/2015/11/">November (6)</a></li>
 196
 197 <li><a href="http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/archive/2015/12/">December (3)</a></li>
 198
 199 </ul></li>
 200
 201 <li>2014
 202 <ul>
 203
 204 <li><a href="http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/archive/2014/01/">January (2)</a></li>
 205
 206 <li><a href="http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/archive/2014/02/">February (3)</a></li>
 207
 208 <li><a href="http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/archive/2014/03/">March (8)</a></li>
 209
 210 <li><a href="http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/archive/2014/04/">April (7)</a></li>
 211
 212 <li><a href="http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/archive/2014/05/">May (1)</a></li>
 213
 214 <li><a href="http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/archive/2014/06/">June (2)</a></li>
 215
 216 <li><a href="http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/archive/2014/07/">July (2)</a></li>
 217
 218 <li><a href="http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/archive/2014/08/">August (2)</a></li>
 219
 220 <li><a href="http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/archive/2014/09/">September (5)</a></li>
 221
 222 <li><a href="http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/archive/2014/10/">October (6)</a></li>
 223
 224 <li><a href="http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/archive/2014/11/">November (3)</a></li>
 225
 226 <li><a href="http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/archive/2014/12/">December (5)</a></li>
 227
 228 </ul></li>
 229
 230 <li>2013
 231 <ul>
 232
 233 <li><a href="http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/archive/2013/01/">January (11)</a></li>
 234
 235 <li><a href="http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/archive/2013/02/">February (9)</a></li>
 236
 237 <li><a href="http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/archive/2013/03/">March (9)</a></li>
 238
 239 <li><a href="http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/archive/2013/04/">April (6)</a></li>
 240
 241 <li><a href="http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/archive/2013/05/">May (9)</a></li>
 242
 243 <li><a href="http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/archive/2013/06/">June (10)</a></li>
 244
 245 <li><a href="http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/archive/2013/07/">July (7)</a></li>
 246
 247 <li><a href="http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/archive/2013/08/">August (3)</a></li>
 248
 249 <li><a href="http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/archive/2013/09/">September (5)</a></li>
 250
 251 <li><a href="http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/archive/2013/10/">October (7)</a></li>
 252
 253 <li><a href="http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/archive/2013/11/">November (9)</a></li>
 254
 255 <li><a href="http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/archive/2013/12/">December (3)</a></li>
 256
 257 </ul></li>
 258
 259 <li>2012
 260 <ul>
 261
 262 <li><a href="http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/archive/2012/01/">January (7)</a></li>
 263
 264 <li><a href="http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/archive/2012/02/">February (10)</a></li>
 265
 266 <li><a href="http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/archive/2012/03/">March (17)</a></li>
 267
 268 <li><a href="http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/archive/2012/04/">April (12)</a></li>
 269
 270 <li><a href="http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/archive/2012/05/">May (12)</a></li>
 271
 272 <li><a href="http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/archive/2012/06/">June (20)</a></li>
 273
 274 <li><a href="http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/archive/2012/07/">July (17)</a></li>
 275
 276 <li><a href="http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/archive/2012/08/">August (6)</a></li>
 277
 278 <li><a href="http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/archive/2012/09/">September (9)</a></li>
 279
 280 <li><a href="http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/archive/2012/10/">October (17)</a></li>
 281
 282 <li><a href="http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/archive/2012/11/">November (10)</a></li>
 283
 284 <li><a href="http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/archive/2012/12/">December (7)</a></li>
 285
 286 </ul></li>
 287
 288 <li>2011
 289 <ul>
 290
 291 <li><a href="http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/archive/2011/01/">January (16)</a></li>
 292
 293 <li><a href="http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/archive/2011/02/">February (6)</a></li>
 294
 295 <li><a href="http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/archive/2011/03/">March (6)</a></li>
 296
 297 <li><a href="http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/archive/2011/04/">April (7)</a></li>
 298
 299 <li><a href="http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/archive/2011/05/">May (3)</a></li>
 300
 301 <li><a href="http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/archive/2011/06/">June (2)</a></li>
 302
 303 <li><a href="http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/archive/2011/07/">July (7)</a></li>
 304
 305 <li><a href="http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/archive/2011/08/">August (6)</a></li>
 306
 307 <li><a href="http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/archive/2011/09/">September (4)</a></li>
 308
 309 <li><a href="http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/archive/2011/10/">October (2)</a></li>
 310
 311 <li><a href="http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/archive/2011/11/">November (3)</a></li>
 312
 313 <li><a href="http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/archive/2011/12/">December (1)</a></li>
 314
 315 </ul></li>
 316
 317 <li>2010
 318 <ul>
 319
 320 <li><a href="http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/archive/2010/01/">January (2)</a></li>
 321
 322 <li><a href="http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/archive/2010/02/">February (1)</a></li>
 323
 324 <li><a href="http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/archive/2010/03/">March (3)</a></li>
 325
 326 <li><a href="http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/archive/2010/04/">April (3)</a></li>
 327
 328 <li><a href="http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/archive/2010/05/">May (9)</a></li>
 329
 330 <li><a href="http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/archive/2010/06/">June (14)</a></li>
 331
 332 <li><a href="http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/archive/2010/07/">July (12)</a></li>
 333
 334 <li><a href="http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/archive/2010/08/">August (13)</a></li>
 335
 336 <li><a href="http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/archive/2010/09/">September (7)</a></li>
 337
 338 <li><a href="http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/archive/2010/10/">October (9)</a></li>
 339
 340 <li><a href="http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/archive/2010/11/">November (13)</a></li>
 341
 342 <li><a href="http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/archive/2010/12/">December (12)</a></li>
 343
 344 </ul></li>
 345
 346 <li>2009
 347 <ul>
 348
 349 <li><a href="http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/archive/2009/01/">January (8)</a></li>
 350
 351 <li><a href="http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/archive/2009/02/">February (8)</a></li>
 352
 353 <li><a href="http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/archive/2009/03/">March (12)</a></li>
 354
 355 <li><a href="http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/archive/2009/04/">April (10)</a></li>
 356
 357 <li><a href="http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/archive/2009/05/">May (9)</a></li>
 358
 359 <li><a href="http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/archive/2009/06/">June (3)</a></li>
 360
 361 <li><a href="http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/archive/2009/07/">July (4)</a></li>
 362
 363 <li><a href="http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/archive/2009/08/">August (3)</a></li>
 364
 365 <li><a href="http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/archive/2009/09/">September (1)</a></li>
 366
 367 <li><a href="http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/archive/2009/10/">October (2)</a></li>
 368
 369 <li><a href="http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/archive/2009/11/">November (3)</a></li>
 370
 371 <li><a href="http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/archive/2009/12/">December (3)</a></li>
 372
 373 </ul></li>
 374
 375 <li>2008
 376 <ul>
 377
 378 <li><a href="http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/archive/2008/11/">November (5)</a></li>
 379
 380 <li><a href="http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/archive/2008/12/">December (7)</a></li>
 381
 382 </ul></li>
 383
 384 </ul>
 385
 386
 387
 388 <h2>Tags</h2>
 389 <ul>
 390
 391  <li><a href="http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/tags/3d-printer">3d-printer (13)</a></li>
 392
 393  <li><a href="http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/tags/amiga">amiga (1)</a></li>
 394
 395  <li><a href="http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/tags/aros">aros (1)</a></li>
 396
 397  <li><a href="http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/tags/bankid">bankid (4)</a></li>
 398
 399  <li><a href="http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/tags/bitcoin">bitcoin (9)</a></li>
 400
 401  <li><a href="http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/tags/bootsystem">bootsystem (16)</a></li>
 402
 403  <li><a href="http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/tags/bsa">bsa (2)</a></li>
 404
 405  <li><a href="http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/tags/chrpath">chrpath (2)</a></li>
 406
 407  <li><a href="http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/tags/debian">debian (141)</a></li>
 408
 409  <li><a href="http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/tags/debian edu">debian edu (158)</a></li>
 410
 411  <li><a href="http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/tags/digistan">digistan (10)</a></li>
 412
 413  <li><a href="http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/tags/dld">dld (16)</a></li>
 414
 415  <li><a href="http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/tags/docbook">docbook (23)</a></li>
 416
 417  <li><a href="http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/tags/drivstoffpriser">drivstoffpriser (4)</a></li>
 418
 419  <li><a href="http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/tags/english">english (333)</a></li>
 420
 421  <li><a href="http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/tags/fiksgatami">fiksgatami (23)</a></li>
 422
 423  <li><a href="http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/tags/fildeling">fildeling (12)</a></li>
 424
 425  <li><a href="http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/tags/freeculture">freeculture (29)</a></li>
 426
 427  <li><a href="http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/tags/freedombox">freedombox (9)</a></li>
 428
 429  <li><a href="http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/tags/frikanalen">frikanalen (18)</a></li>
 430
 431  <li><a href="http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/tags/h264">h264 (20)</a></li>
 432
 433  <li><a href="http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/tags/intervju">intervju (42)</a></li>
 434
 435  <li><a href="http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/tags/isenkram">isenkram (13)</a></li>
 436
 437  <li><a href="http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/tags/kart">kart (19)</a></li>
 438
 439  <li><a href="http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/tags/ldap">ldap (9)</a></li>
 440
 441  <li><a href="http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/tags/lenker">lenker (8)</a></li>
 442
 443  <li><a href="http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/tags/lsdvd">lsdvd (2)</a></li>
 444
 445  <li><a href="http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/tags/ltsp">ltsp (1)</a></li>
 446
 447  <li><a href="http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/tags/mesh network">mesh network (8)</a></li>
 448
 449  <li><a href="http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/tags/multimedia">multimedia (39)</a></li>
 450
 451  <li><a href="http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/tags/nice free software">nice free software (8)</a></li>
 452
 453  <li><a href="http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/tags/norsk">norsk (284)</a></li>
 454
 455  <li><a href="http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/tags/nuug">nuug (182)</a></li>
 456
 457  <li><a href="http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/tags/offentlig innsyn">offentlig innsyn (26)</a></li>
 458
 459  <li><a href="http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/tags/open311">open311 (2)</a></li>
 460
 461  <li><a href="http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/tags/opphavsrett">opphavsrett (62)</a></li>
 462
 463  <li><a href="http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/tags/personvern">personvern (95)</a></li>
 464
 465  <li><a href="http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/tags/raid">raid (1)</a></li>
 466
 467  <li><a href="http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/tags/reactos">reactos (1)</a></li>
 468
 469  <li><a href="http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/tags/reprap">reprap (11)</a></li>
 470
 471  <li><a href="http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/tags/rfid">rfid (3)</a></li>
 472
 473  <li><a href="http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/tags/robot">robot (10)</a></li>
 474
 475  <li><a href="http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/tags/rss">rss (1)</a></li>
 476
 477  <li><a href="http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/tags/ruter">ruter (5)</a></li>
 478
 479  <li><a href="http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/tags/scraperwiki">scraperwiki (2)</a></li>
 480
 481  <li><a href="http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/tags/sikkerhet">sikkerhet (52)</a></li>
 482
 483  <li><a href="http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/tags/sitesummary">sitesummary (4)</a></li>
 484
 485  <li><a href="http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/tags/skepsis">skepsis (5)</a></li>
 486
 487  <li><a href="http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/tags/standard">standard (49)</a></li>
 488
 489  <li><a href="http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/tags/stavekontroll">stavekontroll (5)</a></li>
 490
 491  <li><a href="http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/tags/stortinget">stortinget (10)</a></li>
 492
 493  <li><a href="http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/tags/surveillance">surveillance (43)</a></li>
 494
 495  <li><a href="http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/tags/sysadmin">sysadmin (2)</a></li>
 496
 497  <li><a href="http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/tags/usenix">usenix (2)</a></li>
 498
 499  <li><a href="http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/tags/valg">valg (8)</a></li>
 500
 501  <li><a href="http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/tags/video">video (59)</a></li>
 502
 503  <li><a href="http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/tags/vitenskap">vitenskap (4)</a></li>
 504
 505  <li><a href="http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/tags/web">web (38)</a></li>
 506
 507 </ul>
 508
 509
 510     </div>
 511     <p style="text-align: right">
 512  Created by <a href="http://steve.org.uk/Software/chronicle">Chronicle v4.6</a>
 513 </p>
 514
 515   </body>
 516 </html>