1 <?xml version=
"1.0" encoding=
"utf-8"?>
2 <rss version='
2.0' xmlns:lj='http://www.livejournal.org/rss/lj/
1.0/' xmlns:
atom=
"http://www.w3.org/2005/Atom">
4 <title>Petter Reinholdtsen
</title>
5 <description></description>
6 <link>http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/
</link>
7 <atom:link href=
"http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/index.rss" rel=
"self" type=
"application/rss+xml" />
10 <title>Legal to share more than
11,
000 movies listed on IMDB?
</title>
11 <link>http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/Legal_to_share_more_than_11_000_movies_listed_on_IMDB_.html
</link>
12 <guid isPermaLink=
"true">http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/Legal_to_share_more_than_11_000_movies_listed_on_IMDB_.html
</guid>
13 <pubDate>Sun,
7 Jan
2018 23:
30:
00 +
0100</pubDate>
14 <description><p
>I
've continued to track down list of movies that are legal to
15 distribute on the Internet, and identified more than
11,
000 title IDs
16 in The Internet Movie Database so far. Most of them (
57%) are feature
17 films from USA published before
1923. I
've also tracked down more
18 than
24,
000 movies I have not yet been able to map to IMDB title ID,
19 so the real number could be a lot higher. According to the front web
20 page for
<a href=
"https://retrofilmvault.com/
">Retro Film Vault
</A
>,
21 there are
44,
000 public domain films, so I guess there are still some
22 left to identify.
</p
>
24 <p
>The complete data set is available from
25 <a href=
"https://github.com/petterreinholdtsen/public-domain-free-imdb
">a
26 public git repository
</a
>, including the scripts used to create it.
27 Most of the data is collected using web scraping, for example from the
28 "product catalog
" of companies selling copies of public domain movies,
29 but any source I find believable is used. I
've so far had to throw
30 out three sources because I did not trust the public domain status of
31 the movies listed.
</p
>
33 <p
>Anyway, this is the summary of the
28 collected data sources so
37 2352 entries (
66 unique) with and
15983 without IMDB title ID in free-movies-archive-org-search.json
38 2302 entries (
120 unique) with and
0 without IMDB title ID in free-movies-archive-org-wikidata.json
39 195 entries (
63 unique) with and
200 without IMDB title ID in free-movies-cinemovies.json
40 89 entries (
52 unique) with and
38 without IMDB title ID in free-movies-creative-commons.json
41 344 entries (
28 unique) with and
655 without IMDB title ID in free-movies-fesfilm.json
42 668 entries (
209 unique) with and
1064 without IMDB title ID in free-movies-filmchest-com.json
43 830 entries (
21 unique) with and
0 without IMDB title ID in free-movies-icheckmovies-archive-mochard.json
44 19 entries (
19 unique) with and
0 without IMDB title ID in free-movies-imdb-c-expired-gb.json
45 6822 entries (
6669 unique) with and
0 without IMDB title ID in free-movies-imdb-c-expired-us.json
46 137 entries (
0 unique) with and
0 without IMDB title ID in free-movies-imdb-externlist.json
47 1205 entries (
57 unique) with and
0 without IMDB title ID in free-movies-imdb-pd.json
48 84 entries (
20 unique) with and
167 without IMDB title ID in free-movies-infodigi-pd.json
49 158 entries (
135 unique) with and
0 without IMDB title ID in free-movies-letterboxd-looney-tunes.json
50 113 entries (
4 unique) with and
0 without IMDB title ID in free-movies-letterboxd-pd.json
51 182 entries (
100 unique) with and
0 without IMDB title ID in free-movies-letterboxd-silent.json
52 229 entries (
87 unique) with and
1 without IMDB title ID in free-movies-manual.json
53 44 entries (
2 unique) with and
64 without IMDB title ID in free-movies-openflix.json
54 291 entries (
33 unique) with and
474 without IMDB title ID in free-movies-profilms-pd.json
55 211 entries (
7 unique) with and
0 without IMDB title ID in free-movies-publicdomainmovies-info.json
56 1232 entries (
57 unique) with and
1875 without IMDB title ID in free-movies-publicdomainmovies-net.json
57 46 entries (
13 unique) with and
81 without IMDB title ID in free-movies-publicdomainreview.json
58 698 entries (
64 unique) with and
118 without IMDB title ID in free-movies-publicdomaintorrents.json
59 1758 entries (
882 unique) with and
3786 without IMDB title ID in free-movies-retrofilmvault.json
60 16 entries (
0 unique) with and
0 without IMDB title ID in free-movies-thehillproductions.json
61 63 entries (
16 unique) with and
141 without IMDB title ID in free-movies-vodo.json
62 11583 unique IMDB title IDs in total,
8724 only in one list,
24647 without IMDB title ID
63 </pre
></p
>
65 <p
> I keep finding more data sources. I found the cinemovies source
66 just a few days ago, and as you can see from the summary, it extended
67 my list with
63 movies. Check out the mklist-* scripts in the git
68 repository if you are curious how the lists are created. Many of the
69 titles are extracted using searches on IMDB, where I look for the
70 title and year, and accept search results with only one movie listed
71 if the year matches. This allow me to automatically use many lists of
72 movies without IMDB title ID references at the cost of increasing the
73 risk of wrongly identify a IMDB title ID as public domain. So far my
74 random manual checks have indicated that the method is solid, but I
75 really wish all lists of public domain movies would include unique
76 movie identifier like the IMDB title ID. It would make the job of
77 counting movies in the public domain a lot easier.
</p
>
82 <title>Kommentarer til «Evaluation of (il)legality» for Popcorn Time
</title>
83 <link>http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/Kommentarer_til__Evaluation_of__il_legality__for_Popcorn_Time.html
</link>
84 <guid isPermaLink=
"true">http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/Kommentarer_til__Evaluation_of__il_legality__for_Popcorn_Time.html
</guid>
85 <pubDate>Wed,
20 Dec
2017 11:
40:
00 +
0100</pubDate>
86 <description><p
>I går var jeg i Follo tingrett som sakkyndig vitne og presenterte
87 mine undersøkelser rundt
88 <a href=
"https://github.com/petterreinholdtsen/public-domain-free-imdb
">telling
89 av filmverk i det fri
</a
>, relatert til
90 <a href=
"https://www.nuug.no/
">foreningen NUUG
</a
>s involvering i
91 <a href=
"https://www.nuug.no/news/tags/dns-domenebeslag/
">saken om
92 Økokrims beslag og senere inndragning av DNS-domenet
93 popcorn-time.no
</a
>. Jeg snakket om flere ting, men mest om min
94 vurdering av hvordan filmbransjen har målt hvor ulovlig Popcorn Time
95 er. Filmbransjens måling er så vidt jeg kan se videreformidlet uten
96 endringer av norsk politi, og domstolene har lagt målingen til grunn
97 når de har vurdert Popcorn Time både i Norge og i utlandet (tallet
98 99% er referert også i utenlandske domsavgjørelser).
</p
>
100 <p
>I forkant av mitt vitnemål skrev jeg et notat, mest til meg selv,
101 med de punktene jeg ønsket å få frem. Her er en kopi av notatet jeg
102 skrev og ga til aktoratet. Merkelig nok ville ikke dommerene ha
103 notatet, så hvis jeg forsto rettsprosessen riktig ble kun
104 histogram-grafen lagt inn i dokumentasjonen i saken. Dommerne var
105 visst bare interessert i å forholde seg til det jeg sa i retten,
106 ikke det jeg hadde skrevet i forkant. Uansett så antar jeg at flere
107 enn meg kan ha glede av teksten, og publiserer den derfor her.
108 Legger ved avskrift av dokument
09,
13, som er det sentrale
109 dokumentet jeg kommenterer.
</p
>
111 <p
><strong
>Kommentarer til «Evaluation of (il)legality» for Popcorn
112 Time
</strong
></p
>
114 <p
><strong
>Oppsummering
</strong
></p
>
116 <p
>Målemetoden som Økokrim har lagt til grunn når de påstår at
99% av
117 filmene tilgjengelig fra Popcorn Time deles ulovlig har
120 <p
>De eller den som har vurdert hvorvidt filmer kan lovlig deles har
121 ikke lyktes med å identifisere filmer som kan deles lovlig og har
122 tilsynelatende antatt at kun veldig gamle filmer kan deles lovlig.
123 Økokrim legger til grunn at det bare finnes èn film, Charlie
124 Chaplin-filmen «The Circus» fra
1928, som kan deles fritt blant de
125 som ble observert tilgjengelig via ulike Popcorn Time-varianter.
126 Jeg finner tre flere blant de observerte filmene: «The Brain That
127 Wouldn
't Die» fra
1962, «God’s Little Acre» fra
1958 og «She Wore a
128 Yellow Ribbon» fra
1949. Det er godt mulig det finnes flere. Det
129 finnes dermed minst fire ganger så mange filmer som lovlig kan deles
130 på Internett i datasettet Økokrim har lagt til grunn når det påstås
131 at mindre enn
1 % kan deles lovlig.
</p
>
133 <p
>Dernest, utplukket som gjøres ved søk på tilfeldige ord hentet fra
134 ordlisten til Dale-Chall avviker fra årsfordelingen til de brukte
135 filmkatalogene som helhet, hvilket påvirker fordelingen mellom
136 filmer som kan lovlig deles og filmer som ikke kan lovlig deles. I
137 tillegg gir valg av øvre del (de fem første) av søkeresultatene et
138 avvik fra riktig årsfordeling, hvilket påvirker fordelingen av verk
139 i det fri i søkeresultatet.
</p
>
141 <p
>Det som måles er ikke (u)lovligheten knyttet til bruken av Popcorn
142 Time, men (u)lovligheten til innholdet i bittorrent-filmkataloger
143 som vedlikeholdes uavhengig av Popcorn Time.
</p
>
145 <p
>Omtalte dokumenter:
09,
12,
<a href=
"#dok-
09-
13">09,
13</a
>,
09,
14,
146 09,
18,
09,
19,
09,
20.
</p
>
148 <p
><strong
>Utfyllende kommentarer
</strong
></p
>
150 <p
>Økokrim har forklart domstolene at minst
99% av alt som er
151 tilgjengelig fra ulike Popcorn Time-varianter deles ulovlig på
152 Internet. Jeg ble nysgjerrig på hvordan de er kommet frem til dette
153 tallet, og dette notatet er en samling kommentarer rundt målingen
154 Økokrim henviser til. Litt av bakgrunnen for at jeg valgte å se på
155 saken er at jeg er interessert i å identifisere og telle hvor mange
156 kunstneriske verk som er falt i det fri eller av andre grunner kan
157 lovlig deles på Internett, og dermed var interessert i hvordan en
158 hadde funnet den ene prosenten som kanskje deles lovlig.
</p
>
160 <p
>Andelen på
99% kommer fra et ukreditert og udatert notatet som tar
161 mål av seg å dokumentere en metode for å måle hvor (u)lovlig ulike
162 Popcorn Time-varianter er.
</p
>
164 <p
>Raskt oppsummert, så forteller metodedokumentet at på grunn av at
165 det ikke er mulig å få tak i komplett liste over alle filmtitler
166 tilgjengelig via Popcorn Time, så lages noe som skal være et
167 representativt utvalg ved å velge
50 søkeord større enn tre tegn fra
168 ordlisten kjent som Dale-Chall. For hvert søkeord gjøres et søk og
169 de første fem filmene i søkeresultatet samles inn inntil
100 unike
170 filmtitler er funnet. Hvis
50 søkeord ikke var tilstrekkelig for å
171 nå
100 unike filmtitler ble flere filmer fra hvert søkeresultat lagt
172 til. Hvis dette heller ikke var tilstrekkelig, så ble det hentet ut
173 og søkt på flere tilfeldig valgte søkeord inntil
100 unike
174 filmtitler var identifisert.
</p
>
176 <p
>Deretter ble for hver av filmtitlene «vurdert hvorvidt det var
177 rimelig å forvente om at verket var vernet av copyright, ved å se på
178 om filmen var tilgjengelig i IMDB, samt se på regissør,
179 utgivelsesår, når det var utgitt for bestemte markedsområder samt
180 hvilke produksjons- og distribusjonsselskap som var registrert» (min
181 oversettelse).
</p
>
183 <p
>Metoden er gjengitt både i de ukrediterte dokumentene
09,
13 og
184 09,
19, samt beskrevet fra side
47 i dokument
09,
20, lysark datert
185 2017-
02-
01. Sistnevnte er kreditert Geerart Bourlon fra Motion
186 Picture Association EMEA. Metoden virker å ha flere svakheter som
187 gir resultatene en slagside. Den starter med å slå fast at det ikke
188 er mulig å hente ut en komplett liste over alle filmtitler som er
189 tilgjengelig, og at dette er bakgrunnen for metodevalget. Denne
190 forutsetningen er ikke i tråd med det som står i dokument
09,
12, som
191 ikke heller har oppgitt forfatter og dato. Dokument
09,
12 forteller
192 hvordan hele kataloginnholdet ble lasted ned og talt opp. Dokument
193 09,
12 er muligens samme rapport som ble referert til i dom fra Oslo
195 (
<a href=
"https://www.domstol.no/no/Enkelt-domstol/Oslo--tingrett/Nyheter/ma-sperre-for-popcorn-time/
">sak
196 17-
093347TVI-OTIR/
05</a
>) som rapport av
1. juni
2017 av Alexander
197 Kind Petersen, men jeg har ikke sammenlignet dokumentene ord for ord
198 for å kontrollere dette.
</p
>
200 <p
>IMDB er en forkortelse for The Internet Movie Database, en
201 anerkjent kommersiell nettjeneste som brukes aktivt av både
202 filmbransjen og andre til å holde rede på hvilke spillefilmer (og
203 endel andre filmer) som finnes eller er under produksjon, og
204 informasjon om disse filmene. Datakvaliteten er høy, med få feil og
205 få filmer som mangler. IMDB viser ikke informasjon om
206 opphavsrettslig status for filmene på infosiden for hver film. Som
207 del av IMDB-tjenesten finnes det lister med filmer laget av
208 frivillige som lister opp det som antas å være verk i det fri.
</p
>
210 <p
>Det finnes flere kilder som kan brukes til å finne filmer som er
211 allemannseie (public domain) eller har bruksvilkår som gjør det
212 lovlig for alleå dele dem på Internett. Jeg har de siste ukene
213 forsøkt å samle og krysskoble disse listene for å forsøke å telle
214 antall filmer i det fri. Ved å ta utgangspunkt i slike lister (og
215 publiserte filmer for Internett-arkivets del), har jeg så langt
216 klart å identifisere over
11 000 filmer, hovedsaklig spillefilmer.
218 <p
>De aller fleste oppføringene er hentet fra IMDB selv, basert på det
219 faktum at alle filmer laget i USA før
1923 er falt i det fri.
220 Tilsvarende tidsgrense for Storbritannia er
1912-
07-
01, men dette
221 utgjør bare veldig liten del av spillefilmene i IMDB (
19 totalt).
222 En annen stor andel kommer fra Internett-arkivet, der jeg har
223 identifisert filmer med referanse til IMDB. Internett-arkivet, som
224 holder til i USA, har som
225 <a href=
"https://archive.org/about/terms.php
">policy å kun publisere
226 filmer som det er lovlig å distribuere
</a
>. Jeg har under arbeidet
227 kommet over flere filmer som har blitt fjernet fra
228 Internett-arkivet, hvilket gjør at jeg konkluderer med at folkene
229 som kontrollerer Internett-arkivet har et aktivt forhold til å kun
230 ha lovlig innhold der, selv om det i stor grad er drevet av
231 frivillige. En annen stor liste med filmer kommer fra det
232 kommersielle selskapet Retro Film Vault, som selger allemannseide
233 filmer til TV- og filmbransjen, Jeg har også benyttet meg av lister
234 over filmer som hevdes å være allemannseie, det være seg Public
235 Domain Review, Public Domain Torrents og Public Domain Movies (.net
236 og .info), samt lister over filmer med Creative Commons-lisensiering
237 fra Wikipedia, VODO og The Hill Productions. Jeg har gjort endel
238 stikkontroll ved å vurdere filmer som kun omtales på en liste. Der
239 jeg har funnet feil som har gjort meg i tvil om vurderingen til de
240 som har laget listen har jeg forkastet listen fullstendig (gjelder
241 en liste fra IMDB).
</p
>
243 <p
>Ved å ta utgangspunkt i verk som kan antas å være lovlig delt på
244 Internett (fra blant annet Internett-arkivet, Public Domain
245 Torrents, Public Domain Reivew og Public Domain Movies), og knytte
246 dem til oppføringer i IMDB, så har jeg så langt klart å identifisere
247 over
11 000 filmer (hovedsaklig spillefilmer) det er grunn til å tro
248 kan lovlig distribueres av alle på Internett. Som ekstra kilder er
249 det brukt lister over filmer som antas/påstås å være allemannseie.
250 Disse kildene kommer fra miljøer som jobber for å gjøre tilgjengelig
251 for almennheten alle verk som er falt i det fri eller har
252 bruksvilkår som tillater deling.
254 <p
>I tillegg til de over
11 000 filmene der tittel-ID i IMDB er
255 identifisert, har jeg funnet mer enn
20 000 oppføringer der jeg ennå
256 ikke har hatt kapasitet til å spore opp tittel-ID i IMDB. Noen av
257 disse er nok duplikater av de IMDB-oppføringene som er identifisert
258 så langt, men neppe alle. Retro Film Vault hevder å ha
44 000
259 filmverk i det fri i sin katalog, så det er mulig at det reelle
260 tallet er betydelig høyere enn de jeg har klart å identifisere så
261 langt. Konklusjonen er at tallet
11 000 er nedre grense for hvor
262 mange filmer i IMDB som kan lovlig deles på Internett. I følge
<a
263 href=
"http://www.imdb.com/stats
">statistikk fra IMDB
</a
> er det
4.6
264 millioner titler registrert, hvorav
3 millioner er TV-serieepisoder.
265 Jeg har ikke funnet ut hvordan de fordeler seg per år.
</p
>
267 <p
>Hvis en fordeler på år alle tittel-IDene i IMDB som hevdes å lovlig
268 kunne deles på Internett, får en følgende histogram:
</p
>
270 <p align=
"center
"><img width=
"80%
" src=
"http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/images/
2017-
12-
20-histogram-year.png
"></p
>
272 <p
>En kan i histogrammet se at effekten av manglende registrering
273 eller fornying av registrering er at mange filmer gitt ut i USA før
274 1978 er allemannseie i dag. I tillegg kan en se at det finnes flere
275 filmer gitt ut de siste årene med bruksvilkår som tillater deling,
276 muligens på grunn av fremveksten av
277 <a href=
"https://creativecommons.org/
">Creative
278 Commons
</a
>-bevegelsen..
</p
>
280 <p
>For maskinell analyse av katalogene har jeg laget et lite program
281 som kobler seg til bittorrent-katalogene som brukes av ulike Popcorn
282 Time-varianter og laster ned komplett liste over filmer i
283 katalogene, noe som bekrefter at det er mulig å hente ned komplett
284 liste med alle filmtitler som er tilgjengelig. Jeg har sett på fire
285 bittorrent-kataloger. Den ene brukes av klienten tilgjengelig fra
286 www.popcorntime.sh og er navngitt
'sh
' i dette dokumentet. Den
287 andre brukes i følge dokument
09,
12 av klienten tilgjengelig fra
288 popcorntime.ag og popcorntime.sh og er navngitt
'yts
' i dette
289 dokumentet. Den tredje brukes av websidene tilgjengelig fra
290 popcorntime-online.tv og er navngitt
'apidomain
' i dette dokumentet.
291 Den fjerde brukes av klienten tilgjenglig fra popcorn-time.to i
292 følge dokument
09,
12, og er navngitt
'ukrfnlge
' i dette
293 dokumentet.
</p
>
295 <p
>Metoden Økokrim legger til grunn skriver i sitt punkt fire at
296 skjønn er en egnet metode for å finne ut om en film kan lovlig deles
297 på Internett eller ikke, og sier at det ble «vurdert hvorvidt det
298 var rimelig å forvente om at verket var vernet av copyright». For
299 det første er det ikke nok å slå fast om en film er «vernet av
300 copyright» for å vite om det er lovlig å dele den på Internett eller
301 ikke, da det finnes flere filmer med opphavsrettslige bruksvilkår
302 som tillater deling på Internett. Eksempler på dette er Creative
303 Commons-lisensierte filmer som Citizenfour fra
2014 og Sintel fra
304 2010. I tillegg til slike finnes det flere filmer som nå er
305 allemannseie (public domain) på grunn av manglende registrering
306 eller fornying av registrering selv om både regisør,
307 produksjonsselskap og distributør ønsker seg vern. Eksempler på
308 dette er Plan
9 from Outer Space fra
1959 og Night of the Living
309 Dead fra
1968. Alle filmer fra USA som var allemannseie før
310 1989-
03-
01 forble i det fri da Bern-konvensjonen, som tok effekt i
311 USA på det tidspunktet, ikke ble gitt tilbakevirkende kraft. Hvis
313 <a href=
"http://www.latimes.com/local/lanow/la-me-ln-happy-birthday-song-lawsuit-decision-
20150922-story.html
">historien
314 om sangen «Happy birthday»
</a
> forteller oss, der betaling for bruk
315 har vært krevd inn i flere tiår selv om sangen ikke egentlig var
316 vernet av åndsverksloven, så er det at hvert enkelt verk må vurderes
317 nøye og i detalj før en kan slå fast om verket er allemannseie eller
318 ikke, det holder ikke å tro på selverklærte rettighetshavere. Flere
319 eksempel på verk i det fri som feilklassifiseres som vernet er fra
320 dokument
09,
18, som lister opp søkeresultater for klienten omtalt
321 som popcorntime.sh og i følge notatet kun inneholder en film (The
322 Circus fra
1928) som under tvil kan antas å være allemannseie.
</p
>
324 <p
>Ved rask gjennomlesning av dokument
09,
18, som inneholder
325 skjermbilder fra bruk av en Popcorn Time-variant, fant jeg omtalt
326 både filmen «The Brain That Wouldn
't Die» fra
1962 som er
327 <a href=
"https://archive.org/details/brain_that_wouldnt_die
">tilgjengelig
328 fra Internett-arkivet
</a
> og som
329 <a href=
"https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/List_of_films_in_the_public_domain_in_the_United_States
">i
330 følge Wikipedia er allemannseie i USA
</a
> da den ble gitt ut i
331 1962 uten
'copyright
'-merking, og filmen «God’s Little Acre» fra
332 1958 <a href=
"https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/God%
27s_Little_Acre_%
28film%
29">som
333 er lagt ut på Wikipedia
</a
>, der det fortelles at
334 sort/hvit-utgaven er allemannseie. Det fremgår ikke fra dokument
335 09,
18 om filmen omtalt der er sort/hvit-utgaven. Av
336 kapasitetsårsaker og på grunn av at filmoversikten i dokument
09,
18
337 ikke er maskinlesbart har jeg ikke forsøkt å sjekke alle filmene som
338 listes opp der om mot liste med filmer som er antatt lovlig kan
339 distribueres på Internet.
</p
>
341 <p
>Ved maskinell gjennomgang av listen med IMDB-referanser under
342 regnearkfanen
'Unique titles
' i dokument
09.14, fant jeg i tillegg
343 filmen «She Wore a Yellow Ribbon» fra
1949) som nok også er
344 feilklassifisert. Filmen «She Wore a Yellow Ribbon» er tilgjengelig
345 fra Internett-arkivet og markert som allemannseie der. Det virker
346 dermed å være minst fire ganger så mange filmer som kan lovlig deles
347 på Internett enn det som er lagt til grunn når en påstår at minst
348 99% av innholdet er ulovlig. Jeg ser ikke bort fra at nærmere
349 undersøkelser kan avdekke flere. Poenget er uansett at metodens
350 punkt om «rimelig å forvente om at verket var vernet av copyright»
351 gjør metoden upålitelig.
</p
>
353 <p
>Den omtalte målemetoden velger ut tilfeldige søketermer fra
354 ordlisten Dale-Chall. Den ordlisten inneholder
3000 enkle engelske
355 som fjerdeklassinger i USA er forventet å forstå. Det fremgår ikke
356 hvorfor akkurat denne ordlisten er valgt, og det er uklart for meg
357 om den er egnet til å få et representativt utvalg av filmer. Mange
358 av ordene gir tomt søkeresultat. Ved å simulerte tilsvarende søk
359 ser jeg store avvik fra fordelingen i katalogen for enkeltmålinger.
360 Dette antyder at enkeltmålinger av
100 filmer slik målemetoden
361 beskriver er gjort, ikke er velegnet til å finne andel ulovlig
362 innhold i bittorrent-katalogene.
</p
>
364 <p
>En kan motvirke dette store avviket for enkeltmålinger ved å gjøre
365 mange søk og slå sammen resultatet. Jeg har testet ved å
366 gjennomføre
100 enkeltmålinger (dvs. måling av (
100x100=)
10 000
367 tilfeldig valgte filmer) som gir mindre, men fortsatt betydelig
368 avvik, i forhold til telling av filmer pr år i hele katalogen.
</p
>
370 <p
>Målemetoden henter ut de fem øverste i søkeresultatet.
371 Søkeresultatene er sortert på antall bittorrent-klienter registrert
372 som delere i katalogene, hvilket kan gi en slagside mot hvilke
373 filmer som er populære blant de som bruker bittorrent-katalogene,
374 uten at det forteller noe om hvilket innhold som er tilgjengelig
375 eller hvilket innhold som deles med Popcorn Time-klienter. Jeg har
376 forsøkt å måle hvor stor en slik slagside eventuelt er ved å
377 sammenligne fordelingen hvis en tar de
5 nederste i søkeresultatet i
378 stedet. Avviket for disse to metodene for endel kataloger er godt
379 synlig på histogramet. Her er histogram over filmer funnet i den
380 komplette katalogen (grønn strek), og filmer funnet ved søk etter
381 ord i Dale-Chall. Grafer merket
'top
' henter fra de
5 første i
382 søkeresultatet, mens de merket
'bottom
' henter fra de
5 siste. En
383 kan her se at resultatene påvirkes betydelig av hvorvidt en ser på
384 de første eller de siste filmene i et søketreff.
</p
>
386 <p align=
"center
">
387 <img width=
"40%
" src=
"http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/images/
2017-
12-
20-histogram-year-sh-top.png
"/
>
388 <img width=
"40%
" src=
"http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/images/
2017-
12-
20-histogram-year-sh-bottom.png
"/
>
390 <img width=
"40%
" src=
"http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/images/
2017-
12-
20-histogram-year-yts-top.png
"/
>
391 <img width=
"40%
" src=
"http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/images/
2017-
12-
20-histogram-year-yts-bottom.png
"/
>
393 <img width=
"40%
" src=
"http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/images/
2017-
12-
20-histogram-year-ukrfnlge-top.png
"/
>
394 <img width=
"40%
" src=
"http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/images/
2017-
12-
20-histogram-year-ukrfnlge-bottom.png
"/
>
396 <img width=
"40%
" src=
"http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/images/
2017-
12-
20-histogram-year-apidomain-top.png
"/
>
397 <img width=
"40%
" src=
"http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/images/
2017-
12-
20-histogram-year-apidomain-bottom.png
"/
>
400 <p
>Det er verdt å bemerke at de omtalte bittorrent-katalogene ikke er
401 laget for bruk med Popcorn Time. Eksempelvis tilhører katalogen
402 YTS, som brukes av klientet som ble lastes ned fra popcorntime.sh,
403 et selvstendig fildelings-relatert nettsted YTS.AG med et separat
404 brukermiljø. Målemetoden foreslått av Økokrim måler dermed ikke
405 (u)lovligheten rundt bruken av Popcorn Time, men (u)lovligheten til
406 innholdet i disse katalogene.
</p
>
410 <p id=
"dok-
09-
13">Metoden fra Økokrims dokument
09,
13 i straffesaken
411 om DNS-beslag.
</p
>
413 <p
><strong
>1. Evaluation of (il)legality
</strong
></p
>
415 <p
><strong
>1.1. Methodology
</strong
>
417 <p
>Due to its technical configuration, Popcorn Time applications don
't
418 allow to make a full list of all titles made available. In order to
419 evaluate the level of illegal operation of PCT, the following
420 methodology was applied:
</p
>
424 <li
>A random selection of
50 keywords, greater than
3 letters, was
425 made from the Dale-Chall list that contains
3000 simple English
426 words1. The selection was made by using a Random Number
427 Generator2.
</li
>
429 <li
>For each keyword, starting with the first randomly selected
430 keyword, a search query was conducted in the movie section of the
431 respective Popcorn Time application. For each keyword, the first
432 five results were added to the title list until the number of
100
433 unique titles was reached (duplicates were removed).
</li
>
435 <li
>For one fork, .CH, insufficient titles were generated via this
436 approach to reach
100 titles. This was solved by adding any
437 additional query results above five for each of the
50 keywords.
438 Since this still was not enough, another
42 random keywords were
439 selected to finally reach
100 titles.
</li
>
441 <li
>It was verified whether or not there is a reasonable expectation
442 that the work is copyrighted by checking if they are available on
443 IMDb, also verifying the director, the year when the title was
444 released, the release date for a certain market, the production
445 company/ies of the title and the distribution company/ies.
</li
>
449 <p
><strong
>1.2. Results
</strong
></p
>
451 <p
>Between
6 and
9 June
2016, four forks of Popcorn Time were
452 investigated: popcorn-time.to, popcorntime.ag, popcorntime.sh and
453 popcorntime.ch. An excel sheet with the results is included in
454 Appendix
1. Screenshots were secured in separate Appendixes for each
455 respective fork, see Appendix
2-
5.
</p
>
457 <p
>For each fork, out of
100, de-duplicated titles it was possible to
458 retrieve data according to the parameters set out above that indicate
459 that the title is commercially available. Per fork, there was
1 title
460 that presumably falls within the public domain, i.e. the
1928 movie
461 "The Circus
" by and with Charles Chaplin.
</p
>
463 <p
>Based on the above it is reasonable to assume that
99% of the movie
464 content of each fork is copyright protected and is made available
467 <p
>This exercise was not repeated for TV series, but considering that
468 besides production companies and distribution companies also
469 broadcasters may have relevant rights, it is reasonable to assume that
470 at least a similar level of infringement will be established.
</p
>
472 <p
>Based on the above it is reasonable to assume that
99% of all the
473 content of each fork is copyright protected and are made available
479 <title>Cura, the nice
3D print slicer, is now in Debian Unstable
</title>
480 <link>http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/Cura__the_nice_3D_print_slicer__is_now_in_Debian_Unstable.html
</link>
481 <guid isPermaLink=
"true">http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/Cura__the_nice_3D_print_slicer__is_now_in_Debian_Unstable.html
</guid>
482 <pubDate>Sun,
17 Dec
2017 07:
00:
00 +
0100</pubDate>
483 <description><p
>After several months of working and waiting, I am happy to report
484 that the nice and user friendly
3D printer slicer software Cura just
485 entered Debian Unstable. It consist of five packages,
486 <a href=
"https://tracker.debian.org/pkg/cura
">cura
</a
>,
487 <a href=
"https://tracker.debian.org/pkg/cura-engine
">cura-engine
</a
>,
488 <a href=
"https://tracker.debian.org/pkg/libarcus
">libarcus
</a
>,
489 <a href=
"https://tracker.debian.org/pkg/fdm-materials
">fdm-materials
</a
>,
490 <a href=
"https://tracker.debian.org/pkg/libsavitar
">libsavitar
</a
> and
491 <a href=
"https://tracker.debian.org/pkg/uranium
">uranium
</a
>. The last
492 two, uranium and cura, entered Unstable yesterday. This should make
493 it easier for Debian users to print on at least the Ultimaker class of
494 3D printers. My nearest
3D printer is an Ultimaker
2+, so it will
495 make life easier for at least me. :)
</p
>
497 <p
>The work to make this happen was done by Gregor Riepl, and I was
498 happy to assist him in sponsoring the packages. With the introduction
499 of Cura, Debian is up to three
3D printer slicers at your service,
500 Cura, Slic3r and Slic3r Prusa. If you own or have access to a
3D
501 printer, give it a go. :)
</p
>
503 <p
>The
3D printer software is maintained by the
3D printer Debian
504 team, flocking together on the
505 <a href=
"http://lists.alioth.debian.org/cgi-bin/mailman/listinfo/
3dprinter-general
">3dprinter-general
</a
>
507 <a href=
"irc://irc.debian.org/#debian-
3dprinting
">#debian-
3dprinting
</a
>
508 IRC channel.
</p
>
510 <p
>The next step for Cura in Debian is to update the cura package to
511 version
3.0.3 and then update the entire set of packages to version
512 3.1.0 which showed up the last few days.
</p
>
517 <title>Idea for finding all public domain movies in the USA
</title>
518 <link>http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/Idea_for_finding_all_public_domain_movies_in_the_USA.html
</link>
519 <guid isPermaLink=
"true">http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/Idea_for_finding_all_public_domain_movies_in_the_USA.html
</guid>
520 <pubDate>Wed,
13 Dec
2017 10:
15:
00 +
0100</pubDate>
521 <description><p
>While looking at
522 <a href=
"http://onlinebooks.library.upenn.edu/cce/
">the scanned copies
523 for the copyright renewal entries for movies published in the USA
</a
>,
524 an idea occurred to me. The number of renewals are so few per year, it
525 should be fairly quick to transcribe them all and add references to
526 the corresponding IMDB title ID. This would give the (presumably)
527 complete list of movies published
28 years earlier that did _not_
528 enter the public domain for the transcribed year. By fetching the
529 list of USA movies published
28 years earlier and subtract the movies
530 with renewals, we should be left with movies registered in IMDB that
531 are now in the public domain. For the year
1955 (which is the one I
532 have looked at the most), the total number of pages to transcribe is
533 21. For the
28 years from
1950 to
1978, it should be in the range
534 500-
600 pages. It is just a few days of work, and spread among a
535 small group of people it should be doable in a few weeks of spare
538 <p
>A typical copyright renewal entry look like this (the first one
539 listed for
1955):
</p
>
541 <p
><blockquote
>
542 ADAM AND EVIL, a photoplay in seven reels by Metro-Goldwyn-Mayer
543 Distribution Corp. (c)
17Aug27; L24293. Loew
's Incorporated (PWH);
545 </blockquote
></p
>
547 <p
>The movie title as well as registration and renewal dates are easy
548 enough to locate by a program (split on first comma and look for
549 DDmmmYY). The rest of the text is not required to find the movie in
550 IMDB, but is useful to confirm the correct movie is found. I am not
551 quite sure what the L and R numbers mean, but suspect they are
552 reference numbers into the archive of the US Copyright Office.
</p
>
554 <p
>Tracking down the equivalent IMDB title ID is probably going to be
555 a manual task, but given the year it is fairly easy to search for the
556 movie title using for example
557 <a href=
"http://www.imdb.com/find?q=adam+and+evil+
1927&s=all
">http://www.imdb.com/find?q=adam+and+evil+
1927&s=all
</a
>.
558 Using this search, I find that the equivalent IMDB title ID for the
559 first renewal entry from
1955 is
560 <a href=
"http://www.imdb.com/title/tt0017588/
">http://www.imdb.com/title/tt0017588/
</a
>.
</p
>
562 <p
>I suspect the best way to do this would be to make a specialised
563 web service to make it easy for contributors to transcribe and track
564 down IMDB title IDs. In the web service, once a entry is transcribed,
565 the title and year could be extracted from the text, a search in IMDB
566 conducted for the user to pick the equivalent IMDB title ID right
567 away. By spreading out the work among volunteers, it would also be
568 possible to make at least two persons transcribe the same entries to
569 be able to discover any typos introduced. But I will need help to
570 make this happen, as I lack the spare time to do all of this on my
571 own. If you would like to help, please get in touch. Perhaps you can
572 draft a web service for crowd sourcing the task?
</p
>
574 <p
>Note, Project Gutenberg already have some
575 <a href=
"http://www.gutenberg.org/ebooks/search/?query=copyright+office+renewals
">transcribed
576 copies of the US Copyright Office renewal protocols
</a
>, but I have
577 not been able to find any film renewals there, so I suspect they only
578 have copies of renewal for written works. I have not been able to find
579 any transcribed versions of movie renewals so far. Perhaps they exist
582 <p
>I would love to figure out methods for finding all the public
583 domain works in other countries too, but it is a lot harder. At least
584 for Norway and Great Britain, such work involve tracking down the
585 people involved in making the movie and figuring out when they died.
586 It is hard enough to figure out who was part of making a movie, but I
587 do not know how to automate such procedure without a registry of every
588 person involved in making movies and their death year.
</p
>
590 <p
>As usual, if you use Bitcoin and want to show your support of my
591 activities, please send Bitcoin donations to my address
592 <b
><a href=
"bitcoin:
15oWEoG9dUPovwmUL9KWAnYRtNJEkP1u1b
">15oWEoG9dUPovwmUL9KWAnYRtNJEkP1u1b
</a
></b
>.
</p
>
597 <title>Is the short movie «Empty Socks» from
1927 in the public domain or not?
</title>
598 <link>http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/Is_the_short_movie__Empty_Socks__from_1927_in_the_public_domain_or_not_.html
</link>
599 <guid isPermaLink=
"true">http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/Is_the_short_movie__Empty_Socks__from_1927_in_the_public_domain_or_not_.html
</guid>
600 <pubDate>Tue,
5 Dec
2017 12:
30:
00 +
0100</pubDate>
601 <description><p
>Three years ago, a presumed lost animation film,
602 <a href=
"https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Empty_Socks
">Empty Socks from
603 1927</a
>, was discovered in the Norwegian National Library. At the
604 time it was discovered, it was generally assumed to be copyrighted by
605 The Walt Disney Company, and I blogged about
606 <a href=
"http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/Opphavsretts_status_for__Empty_Socks__fra_1927_.html
">my
607 reasoning to conclude
</a
> that it would would enter the Norwegian
608 equivalent of the public domain in
2053, based on my understanding of
609 Norwegian Copyright Law. But a few days ago, I came across
610 <a href=
"http://www.toonzone.net/forums/threads/exposed-disneys-repurchase-of-oswald-the-rabbit-a-sham
.4792291/
">a
611 blog post claiming the movie was already in the public domain
</a
>, at
612 least in USA. The reasoning is as follows: The film was released in
613 November or Desember
1927 (sources disagree), and presumably
614 registered its copyright that year. At that time, right holders of
615 movies registered by the copyright office received government
616 protection for there work for
28 years. After
28 years, the copyright
617 had to be renewed if the wanted the government to protect it further.
618 The blog post I found claim such renewal did not happen for this
619 movie, and thus it entered the public domain in
1956. Yet someone
620 claim the copyright was renewed and the movie is still copyright
621 protected. Can anyone help me to figure out which claim is correct?
622 I have not been able to find Empty Socks in Catalog of copyright
623 entries. Ser
.3 pt
.12-
13 v
.9-
12 1955-
1958 Motion Pictures
624 <a href=
"http://onlinebooks.library.upenn.edu/cce/
1955r.html#film
">available
625 from the University of Pennsylvania
</a
>, neither in
626 <a href=
"https://babel.hathitrust.org/cgi/pt?id=mdp
.39015084451130;page=root;view=image;size=
100;seq=
83;num=
45">page
627 45 for the first half of
1955</a
>, nor in
628 <a href=
"https://babel.hathitrust.org/cgi/pt?id=mdp
.39015084451130;page=root;view=image;size=
100;seq=
175;num=
119">page
629 119 for the second half of
1955</a
>. It is of course possible that
630 the renewal entry was left out of the printed catalog by mistake. Is
631 there some way to rule out this possibility? Please help, and update
632 the wikipedia page with your findings.
634 <p
>As usual, if you use Bitcoin and want to show your support of my
635 activities, please send Bitcoin donations to my address
636 <b
><a href=
"bitcoin:
15oWEoG9dUPovwmUL9KWAnYRtNJEkP1u1b
">15oWEoG9dUPovwmUL9KWAnYRtNJEkP1u1b
</a
></b
>.
</p
>
641 <title>Metadata proposal for movies on the Internet Archive
</title>
642 <link>http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/Metadata_proposal_for_movies_on_the_Internet_Archive.html
</link>
643 <guid isPermaLink=
"true">http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/Metadata_proposal_for_movies_on_the_Internet_Archive.html
</guid>
644 <pubDate>Tue,
28 Nov
2017 12:
00:
00 +
0100</pubDate>
645 <description><p
>It would be easier to locate the movie you want to watch in
646 <a href=
"https://www.archive.org/
">the Internet Archive
</a
>, if the
647 metadata about each movie was more complete and accurate. In the
648 archiving community, a well known saying state that good metadata is a
649 love letter to the future. The metadata in the Internet Archive could
650 use a face lift for the future to love us back. Here is a proposal
651 for a small improvement that would make the metadata more useful
652 today. I
've been unable to find any document describing the various
653 standard fields available when uploading videos to the archive, so
654 this proposal is based on my best quess and searching through several
655 of the existing movies.
</p
>
657 <p
>I have a few use cases in mind. First of all, I would like to be
658 able to count the number of distinct movies in the Internet Archive,
659 without duplicates. I would further like to identify the IMDB title
660 ID of the movies in the Internet Archive, to be able to look up a IMDB
661 title ID and know if I can fetch the video from there and share it
662 with my friends.
</p
>
664 <p
>Second, I would like the Butter data provider for The Internet
666 (
<a href=
"https://github.com/butterproviders/butter-provider-archive
">available
667 from github
</a
>), to list as many of the good movies as possible. The
668 plugin currently do a search in the archive with the following
669 parameters:
</p
>
672 collection:moviesandfilms
673 AND NOT collection:movie_trailers
674 AND -mediatype:collection
675 AND format:
"Archive BitTorrent
"
677 </pre
></p
>
679 <p
>Most of the cool movies that fail to show up in Butter do so
680 because the
'year
' field is missing. The
'year
' field is populated by
681 the year part from the
'date
' field, and should be when the movie was
682 released (date or year). Two such examples are
683 <a href=
"https://archive.org/details/SidneyOlcottsBen-hur1905
">Ben Hur
684 from
1905</a
> and
685 <a href=
"https://archive.org/details/Caminandes2GranDillama
">Caminandes
686 2: Gran Dillama from
2013</a
>, where the year metadata field is
689 So, my proposal is simply, for every movie in The Internet Archive
690 where an IMDB title ID exist, please fill in these metadata fields
691 (note, they can be updated also long after the video was uploaded, but
692 as far as I can tell, only by the uploader):
696 <dt
>mediatype
</dt
>
697 <dd
>Should be
'movie
' for movies.
</dd
>
699 <dt
>collection
</dt
>
700 <dd
>Should contain
'moviesandfilms
'.
</dd
>
702 <dt
>title
</dt
>
703 <dd
>The title of the movie, without the publication year.
</dd
>
705 <dt
>date
</dt
>
706 <dd
>The data or year the movie was released. This make the movie show
707 up in Butter, as well as make it possible to know the age of the
708 movie and is useful to figure out copyright status.
</dd
>
710 <dt
>director
</dt
>
711 <dd
>The director of the movie. This make it easier to know if the
712 correct movie is found in movie databases.
</dd
>
714 <dt
>publisher
</dt
>
715 <dd
>The production company making the movie. Also useful for
716 identifying the correct movie.
</dd
>
718 <dt
>links
</dt
>
720 <dd
>Add a link to the IMDB title page, for example like this:
&lt;a
721 href=
"http://www.imdb.com/title/tt0028496/
"&gt;Movie in
722 IMDB
&lt;/a
&gt;. This make it easier to find duplicates and allow for
723 counting of number of unique movies in the Archive. Other external
724 references, like to TMDB, could be added like this too.
</dd
>
728 <p
>I did consider proposing a Custom field for the IMDB title ID (for
729 example
'imdb_title_url
',
'imdb_code
' or simply
'imdb
', but suspect it
730 will be easier to simply place it in the links free text field.
</p
>
733 <a href=
"https://github.com/petterreinholdtsen/public-domain-free-imdb
">a
734 list of IMDB title IDs for several thousand movies in the Internet
735 Archive
</a
>, but I also got a list of several thousand movies without
736 such IMDB title ID (and quite a few duplicates). It would be great if
737 this data set could be integrated into the Internet Archive metadata
738 to be available for everyone in the future, but with the current
739 policy of leaving metadata editing to the uploaders, it will take a
740 while before this happen. If you have uploaded movies into the
741 Internet Archive, you can help. Please consider following my proposal
742 above for your movies, to ensure that movie is properly
743 counted. :)
</p
>
745 <p
>The list is mostly generated using wikidata, which based on
746 Wikipedia articles make it possible to link between IMDB and movies in
747 the Internet Archive. But there are lots of movies without a
748 Wikipedia article, and some movies where only a collection page exist
749 (like for
<a href=
"https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Caminandes
">the
750 Caminandes example above
</a
>, where there are three movies but only
751 one Wikidata entry).
</p
>
753 <p
>As usual, if you use Bitcoin and want to show your support of my
754 activities, please send Bitcoin donations to my address
755 <b
><a href=
"bitcoin:
15oWEoG9dUPovwmUL9KWAnYRtNJEkP1u1b
">15oWEoG9dUPovwmUL9KWAnYRtNJEkP1u1b
</a
></b
>.
</p
>
760 <title>Legal to share more than
3000 movies listed on IMDB?
</title>
761 <link>http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/Legal_to_share_more_than_3000_movies_listed_on_IMDB_.html
</link>
762 <guid isPermaLink=
"true">http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/Legal_to_share_more_than_3000_movies_listed_on_IMDB_.html
</guid>
763 <pubDate>Sat,
18 Nov
2017 21:
20:
00 +
0100</pubDate>
764 <description><p
>A month ago, I blogged about my work to
765 <a href=
"http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/Locating_IMDB_IDs_of_movies_in_the_Internet_Archive_using_Wikidata.html
">automatically
766 check the copyright status of IMDB entries
</a
>, and try to count the
767 number of movies listed in IMDB that is legal to distribute on the
768 Internet. I have continued to look for good data sources, and
769 identified a few more. The code used to extract information from
770 various data sources is available in
771 <a href=
"https://github.com/petterreinholdtsen/public-domain-free-imdb
">a
772 git repository
</a
>, currently available from github.
</p
>
774 <p
>So far I have identified
3186 unique IMDB title IDs. To gain
775 better understanding of the structure of the data set, I created a
776 histogram of the year associated with each movie (typically release
777 year). It is interesting to notice where the peaks and dips in the
778 graph are located. I wonder why they are placed there. I suspect
779 World War II caused the dip around
1940, but what caused the peak
780 around
2010?
</p
>
782 <p align=
"center
"><img src=
"http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/images/
2017-
11-
18-verk-i-det-fri-filmer.png
" /
></p
>
784 <p
>I
've so far identified ten sources for IMDB title IDs for movies in
785 the public domain or with a free license. This is the statistics
786 reported when running
'make stats
' in the git repository:
</p
>
789 249 entries (
6 unique) with and
288 without IMDB title ID in free-movies-archive-org-butter.json
790 2301 entries (
540 unique) with and
0 without IMDB title ID in free-movies-archive-org-wikidata.json
791 830 entries (
29 unique) with and
0 without IMDB title ID in free-movies-icheckmovies-archive-mochard.json
792 2109 entries (
377 unique) with and
0 without IMDB title ID in free-movies-imdb-pd.json
793 291 entries (
122 unique) with and
0 without IMDB title ID in free-movies-letterboxd-pd.json
794 144 entries (
135 unique) with and
0 without IMDB title ID in free-movies-manual.json
795 350 entries (
1 unique) with and
801 without IMDB title ID in free-movies-publicdomainmovies.json
796 4 entries (
0 unique) with and
124 without IMDB title ID in free-movies-publicdomainreview.json
797 698 entries (
119 unique) with and
118 without IMDB title ID in free-movies-publicdomaintorrents.json
798 8 entries (
8 unique) with and
196 without IMDB title ID in free-movies-vodo.json
799 3186 unique IMDB title IDs in total
802 <p
>The entries without IMDB title ID are candidates to increase the
803 data set, but might equally well be duplicates of entries already
804 listed with IMDB title ID in one of the other sources, or represent
805 movies that lack a IMDB title ID. I
've seen examples of all these
806 situations when peeking at the entries without IMDB title ID. Based
807 on these data sources, the lower bound for movies listed in IMDB that
808 are legal to distribute on the Internet is between
3186 and
4713.
810 <p
>It would be great for improving the accuracy of this measurement,
811 if the various sources added IMDB title ID to their metadata. I have
812 tried to reach the people behind the various sources to ask if they
813 are interested in doing this, without any replies so far. Perhaps you
814 can help me get in touch with the people behind VODO, Public Domain
815 Torrents, Public Domain Movies and Public Domain Review to try to
816 convince them to add more metadata to their movie entries?
</p
>
818 <p
>Another way you could help is by adding pages to Wikipedia about
819 movies that are legal to distribute on the Internet. If such page
820 exist and include a link to both IMDB and The Internet Archive, the
821 script used to generate free-movies-archive-org-wikidata.json should
822 pick up the mapping as soon as wikidata is updates.
</p
>
824 <p
>As usual, if you use Bitcoin and want to show your support of my
825 activities, please send Bitcoin donations to my address
826 <b
><a href=
"bitcoin:
15oWEoG9dUPovwmUL9KWAnYRtNJEkP1u1b
">15oWEoG9dUPovwmUL9KWAnYRtNJEkP1u1b
</a
></b
>.
</p
>
831 <title>Some notes on fault tolerant storage systems
</title>
832 <link>http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/Some_notes_on_fault_tolerant_storage_systems.html
</link>
833 <guid isPermaLink=
"true">http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/Some_notes_on_fault_tolerant_storage_systems.html
</guid>
834 <pubDate>Wed,
1 Nov
2017 15:
35:
00 +
0100</pubDate>
835 <description><p
>If you care about how fault tolerant your storage is, you might
836 find these articles and papers interesting. They have formed how I
837 think of when designing a storage system.
</p
>
841 <li
>USENIX :login;
<a
842 href=
"https://www.usenix.org/publications/login/summer2017/ganesan
">Redundancy
843 Does Not Imply Fault Tolerance. Analysis of Distributed Storage
844 Reactions to Single Errors and Corruptions
</a
> by Aishwarya Ganesan,
845 Ramnatthan Alagappan, Andrea C. Arpaci-Dusseau, and Remzi
846 H. Arpaci-Dusseau
</li
>
849 <a href=
"http://www.zdnet.com/article/why-raid-
5-stops-working-in-
2009/
">Why
850 RAID
5 stops working in
2009</a
> by Robin Harris
</li
>
853 <a href=
"http://www.zdnet.com/article/why-raid-
6-stops-working-in-
2019/
">Why
854 RAID
6 stops working in
2019</a
> by Robin Harris
</li
>
856 <li
>USENIX FAST
'07
857 <a href=
"http://research.google.com/archive/disk_failures.pdf
">Failure
858 Trends in a Large Disk Drive Population
</a
> by Eduardo Pinheiro,
859 Wolf-Dietrich Weber and Luiz André Barroso
</li
>
861 <li
>USENIX ;login:
<a
862 href=
"https://www.usenix.org/system/files/login/articles/hughes12-
04.pdf
">Data
863 Integrity. Finding Truth in a World of Guesses and Lies
</a
> by Doug
866 <li
>USENIX FAST
'08
867 <a href=
"https://www.usenix.org/events/fast08/tech/full_papers/bairavasundaram/bairavasundaram_html/
">An
868 Analysis of Data Corruption in the Storage Stack
</a
> by
869 L. N. Bairavasundaram, G. R. Goodson, B. Schroeder, A. C.
870 Arpaci-Dusseau, and R. H. Arpaci-Dusseau
</li
>
872 <li
>USENIX FAST
'07 <a
873 href=
"https://www.usenix.org/legacy/events/fast07/tech/schroeder/schroeder_html/
">Disk
874 failures in the real world: what does an MTTF of
1,
000,
000 hours mean
875 to you?
</a
> by B. Schroeder and G. A. Gibson.
</li
>
877 <li
>USENIX ;login:
<a
878 href=
"https://www.usenix.org/events/fast08/tech/full_papers/jiang/jiang_html/
">Are
879 Disks the Dominant Contributor for Storage Failures? A Comprehensive
880 Study of Storage Subsystem Failure Characteristics
</a
> by Weihang
881 Jiang, Chongfeng Hu, Yuanyuan Zhou, and Arkady Kanevsky
</li
>
883 <li
>SIGMETRICS
2007
884 <a href=
"http://research.cs.wisc.edu/adsl/Publications/latent-sigmetrics07.pdf
">An
885 analysis of latent sector errors in disk drives
</a
> by
886 L. N. Bairavasundaram, G. R. Goodson, S. Pasupathy, and J. Schindler
</li
>
890 <p
>Several of these research papers are based on data collected from
891 hundred thousands or millions of disk, and their findings are eye
892 opening. The short story is simply do not implicitly trust RAID or
893 redundant storage systems. Details matter. And unfortunately there
894 are few options on Linux addressing all the identified issues. Both
895 ZFS and Btrfs are doing a fairly good job, but have legal and
896 practical issues on their own. I wonder how cluster file systems like
897 Ceph do in this regard. After all, there is an old saying, you know
898 you have a distributed system when the crash of a computer you have
899 never heard of stops you from getting any work done. The same holds
900 true if fault tolerance do not work.
</p
>
902 <p
>Just remember, in the end, it do not matter how redundant, or how
903 fault tolerant your storage is, if you do not continuously monitor its
904 status to detect and replace failed disks.
</p
>
906 <p
>As usual, if you use Bitcoin and want to show your support of my
907 activities, please send Bitcoin donations to my address
908 <b
><a href=
"bitcoin:
15oWEoG9dUPovwmUL9KWAnYRtNJEkP1u1b
">15oWEoG9dUPovwmUL9KWAnYRtNJEkP1u1b
</a
></b
>.
</p
>
913 <title>Web services for writing academic LaTeX papers as a team
</title>
914 <link>http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/Web_services_for_writing_academic_LaTeX_papers_as_a_team.html
</link>
915 <guid isPermaLink=
"true">http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/Web_services_for_writing_academic_LaTeX_papers_as_a_team.html
</guid>
916 <pubDate>Tue,
31 Oct
2017 21:
00:
00 +
0100</pubDate>
917 <description><p
>I was surprised today to learn that a friend in academia did not
918 know there are easily available web services available for writing
919 LaTeX documents as a team. I thought it was common knowledge, but to
920 make sure at least my readers are aware of it, I would like to mention
921 these useful services for writing LaTeX documents. Some of them even
922 provide a WYSIWYG editor to ease writing even further.
</p
>
924 <p
>There are two commercial services available,
925 <a href=
"https://sharelatex.com
">ShareLaTeX
</a
> and
926 <a href=
"https://overleaf.com
">Overleaf
</a
>. They are very easy to
927 use. Just start a new document, select which publisher to write for
928 (ie which LaTeX style to use), and start writing. Note, these two
929 have announced their intention to join forces, so soon it will only be
930 one joint service. I
've used both for different documents, and they
931 work just fine. While
932 <a href=
"https://github.com/sharelatex/sharelatex
">ShareLaTeX is free
933 software
</a
>, while the latter is not. According to
<a
934 href=
"https://www.overleaf.com/help/
17-is-overleaf-open-source
">a
935 announcement from Overleaf
</a
>, they plan to keep the ShareLaTeX code
936 base maintained as free software.
</p
>
938 But these two are not the only alternatives.
939 <a href=
"https://app.fiduswriter.org/
">Fidus Writer
</a
> is another free
940 software solution with
<a href=
"https://github.com/fiduswriter
">the
941 source available on github
</a
>. I have not used it myself. Several
942 others can be found on the nice
943 <a href=
"https://alternativeto.net/software/sharelatex/
">alterntiveTo
944 web service
</a
>.
946 <p
>If you like Google Docs or Etherpad, but would like to write
947 documents in LaTeX, you should check out these services. You can even
948 host your own, if you want to. :)
</p
>
950 <p
>As usual, if you use Bitcoin and want to show your support of my
951 activities, please send Bitcoin donations to my address
952 <b
><a href=
"bitcoin:
15oWEoG9dUPovwmUL9KWAnYRtNJEkP1u1b
">15oWEoG9dUPovwmUL9KWAnYRtNJEkP1u1b
</a
></b
>.
</p
>
957 <title>Locating IMDB IDs of movies in the Internet Archive using Wikidata
</title>
958 <link>http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/Locating_IMDB_IDs_of_movies_in_the_Internet_Archive_using_Wikidata.html
</link>
959 <guid isPermaLink=
"true">http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/Locating_IMDB_IDs_of_movies_in_the_Internet_Archive_using_Wikidata.html
</guid>
960 <pubDate>Wed,
25 Oct
2017 12:
20:
00 +
0200</pubDate>
961 <description><p
>Recently, I needed to automatically check the copyright status of a
962 set of
<a href=
"http://www.imdb.com/
">The Internet Movie database
963 (IMDB)
</a
> entries, to figure out which one of the movies they refer
964 to can be freely distributed on the Internet. This proved to be
965 harder than it sounds. IMDB for sure list movies without any
966 copyright protection, where the copyright protection has expired or
967 where the movie is lisenced using a permissive license like one from
968 Creative Commons. These are mixed with copyright protected movies,
969 and there seem to be no way to separate these classes of movies using
970 the information in IMDB.
</p
>
972 <p
>First I tried to look up entries manually in IMDB,
973 <a href=
"https://www.wikipedia.org/
">Wikipedia
</a
> and
974 <a href=
"https://www.archive.org/
">The Internet Archive
</a
>, to get a
975 feel how to do this. It is hard to know for sure using these sources,
976 but it should be possible to be reasonable confident a movie is
"out
977 of copyright
" with a few hours work per movie. As I needed to check
978 almost
20,
000 entries, this approach was not sustainable. I simply
979 can not work around the clock for about
6 years to check this data
982 <p
>I asked the people behind The Internet Archive if they could
983 introduce a new metadata field in their metadata XML for IMDB ID, but
984 was told that they leave it completely to the uploaders to update the
985 metadata. Some of the metadata entries had IMDB links in the
986 description, but I found no way to download all metadata files in bulk
987 to locate those ones and put that approach aside.
</p
>
989 <p
>In the process I noticed several Wikipedia articles about movies
990 had links to both IMDB and The Internet Archive, and it occured to me
991 that I could use the Wikipedia RDF data set to locate entries with
992 both, to at least get a lower bound on the number of movies on The
993 Internet Archive with a IMDB ID. This is useful based on the
994 assumption that movies distributed by The Internet Archive can be
995 legally distributed on the Internet. With some help from the RDF
996 community (thank you DanC), I was able to come up with this query to
997 pass to
<a href=
"https://query.wikidata.org/
">the SPARQL interface on
1000 <p
><pre
>
1001 SELECT ?work ?imdb ?ia ?when ?label
1004 ?work wdt:P31/wdt:P279* wd:Q11424.
1005 ?work wdt:P345 ?imdb.
1008 ?work wdt:P577 ?when.
1009 ?work rdfs:label ?label.
1010 FILTER(LANG(?label) =
"en
").
1013 </pre
></p
>
1015 <p
>If I understand the query right, for every film entry anywhere in
1016 Wikpedia, it will return the IMDB ID and The Internet Archive ID, and
1017 when the movie was released and its English title, if either or both
1018 of the latter two are available. At the moment the result set contain
1019 2338 entries. Of course, it depend on volunteers including both
1020 correct IMDB and The Internet Archive IDs in the wikipedia articles
1021 for the movie. It should be noted that the result will include
1022 duplicates if the movie have entries in several languages. There are
1023 some bogus entries, either because The Internet Archive ID contain a
1024 typo or because the movie is not available from The Internet Archive.
1025 I did not verify the IMDB IDs, as I am unsure how to do that
1026 automatically.
</p
>
1028 <p
>I wrote a small python script to extract the data set from Wikidata
1029 and check if the XML metadata for the movie is available from The
1030 Internet Archive, and after around
1.5 hour it produced a list of
2097
1031 free movies and their IMDB ID. In total,
171 entries in Wikidata lack
1032 the refered Internet Archive entry. I assume the
70 "disappearing
"
1033 entries (ie
2338-
2097-
171) are duplicate entries.
</p
>
1035 <p
>This is not too bad, given that The Internet Archive report to
1036 contain
<a href=
"https://archive.org/details/feature_films
">5331
1037 feature films
</a
> at the moment, but it also mean more than
3000
1038 movies are missing on Wikipedia or are missing the pair of references
1039 on Wikipedia.
</p
>
1041 <p
>I was curious about the distribution by release year, and made a
1042 little graph to show how the amount of free movies is spread over the
1045 <p
><img src=
"http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/images/
2017-
10-
25-verk-i-det-fri-filmer.png
"></p
>
1047 <p
>I expect the relative distribution of the remaining
3000 movies to
1048 be similar.
</p
>
1050 <p
>If you want to help, and want to ensure Wikipedia can be used to
1051 cross reference The Internet Archive and The Internet Movie Database,
1052 please make sure entries like this are listed under the
"External
1053 links
" heading on the Wikipedia article for the movie:
</p
>
1055 <p
><pre
>
1056 * {{Internet Archive film|id=FightingLady}}
1057 * {{IMDb title|id=
0036823|title=The Fighting Lady}}
1058 </pre
></p
>
1060 <p
>Please verify the links on the final page, to make sure you did not
1061 introduce a typo.
</p
>
1063 <p
>Here is the complete list, if you want to correct the
171
1064 identified Wikipedia entries with broken links to The Internet
1065 Archive:
<a href=
"http://www.wikidata.org/entity/Q1140317
">Q1140317
</a
>,
1066 <a href=
"http://www.wikidata.org/entity/Q458656
">Q458656
</a
>,
1067 <a href=
"http://www.wikidata.org/entity/Q458656
">Q458656
</a
>,
1068 <a href=
"http://www.wikidata.org/entity/Q470560
">Q470560
</a
>,
1069 <a href=
"http://www.wikidata.org/entity/Q743340
">Q743340
</a
>,
1070 <a href=
"http://www.wikidata.org/entity/Q822580
">Q822580
</a
>,
1071 <a href=
"http://www.wikidata.org/entity/Q480696
">Q480696
</a
>,
1072 <a href=
"http://www.wikidata.org/entity/Q128761
">Q128761
</a
>,
1073 <a href=
"http://www.wikidata.org/entity/Q1307059
">Q1307059
</a
>,
1074 <a href=
"http://www.wikidata.org/entity/Q1335091
">Q1335091
</a
>,
1075 <a href=
"http://www.wikidata.org/entity/Q1537166
">Q1537166
</a
>,
1076 <a href=
"http://www.wikidata.org/entity/Q1438334
">Q1438334
</a
>,
1077 <a href=
"http://www.wikidata.org/entity/Q1479751
">Q1479751
</a
>,
1078 <a href=
"http://www.wikidata.org/entity/Q1497200
">Q1497200
</a
>,
1079 <a href=
"http://www.wikidata.org/entity/Q1498122
">Q1498122
</a
>,
1080 <a href=
"http://www.wikidata.org/entity/Q865973
">Q865973
</a
>,
1081 <a href=
"http://www.wikidata.org/entity/Q834269
">Q834269
</a
>,
1082 <a href=
"http://www.wikidata.org/entity/Q841781
">Q841781
</a
>,
1083 <a href=
"http://www.wikidata.org/entity/Q841781
">Q841781
</a
>,
1084 <a href=
"http://www.wikidata.org/entity/Q1548193
">Q1548193
</a
>,
1085 <a href=
"http://www.wikidata.org/entity/Q499031
">Q499031
</a
>,
1086 <a href=
"http://www.wikidata.org/entity/Q1564769
">Q1564769
</a
>,
1087 <a href=
"http://www.wikidata.org/entity/Q1585239
">Q1585239
</a
>,
1088 <a href=
"http://www.wikidata.org/entity/Q1585569
">Q1585569
</a
>,
1089 <a href=
"http://www.wikidata.org/entity/Q1624236
">Q1624236
</a
>,
1090 <a href=
"http://www.wikidata.org/entity/Q4796595
">Q4796595
</a
>,
1091 <a href=
"http://www.wikidata.org/entity/Q4853469
">Q4853469
</a
>,
1092 <a href=
"http://www.wikidata.org/entity/Q4873046
">Q4873046
</a
>,
1093 <a href=
"http://www.wikidata.org/entity/Q915016
">Q915016
</a
>,
1094 <a href=
"http://www.wikidata.org/entity/Q4660396
">Q4660396
</a
>,
1095 <a href=
"http://www.wikidata.org/entity/Q4677708
">Q4677708
</a
>,
1096 <a href=
"http://www.wikidata.org/entity/Q4738449
">Q4738449
</a
>,
1097 <a href=
"http://www.wikidata.org/entity/Q4756096
">Q4756096
</a
>,
1098 <a href=
"http://www.wikidata.org/entity/Q4766785
">Q4766785
</a
>,
1099 <a href=
"http://www.wikidata.org/entity/Q880357
">Q880357
</a
>,
1100 <a href=
"http://www.wikidata.org/entity/Q882066
">Q882066
</a
>,
1101 <a href=
"http://www.wikidata.org/entity/Q882066
">Q882066
</a
>,
1102 <a href=
"http://www.wikidata.org/entity/Q204191
">Q204191
</a
>,
1103 <a href=
"http://www.wikidata.org/entity/Q204191
">Q204191
</a
>,
1104 <a href=
"http://www.wikidata.org/entity/Q1194170
">Q1194170
</a
>,
1105 <a href=
"http://www.wikidata.org/entity/Q940014
">Q940014
</a
>,
1106 <a href=
"http://www.wikidata.org/entity/Q946863
">Q946863
</a
>,
1107 <a href=
"http://www.wikidata.org/entity/Q172837
">Q172837
</a
>,
1108 <a href=
"http://www.wikidata.org/entity/Q573077
">Q573077
</a
>,
1109 <a href=
"http://www.wikidata.org/entity/Q1219005
">Q1219005
</a
>,
1110 <a href=
"http://www.wikidata.org/entity/Q1219599
">Q1219599
</a
>,
1111 <a href=
"http://www.wikidata.org/entity/Q1643798
">Q1643798
</a
>,
1112 <a href=
"http://www.wikidata.org/entity/Q1656352
">Q1656352
</a
>,
1113 <a href=
"http://www.wikidata.org/entity/Q1659549
">Q1659549
</a
>,
1114 <a href=
"http://www.wikidata.org/entity/Q1660007
">Q1660007
</a
>,
1115 <a href=
"http://www.wikidata.org/entity/Q1698154
">Q1698154
</a
>,
1116 <a href=
"http://www.wikidata.org/entity/Q1737980
">Q1737980
</a
>,
1117 <a href=
"http://www.wikidata.org/entity/Q1877284
">Q1877284
</a
>,
1118 <a href=
"http://www.wikidata.org/entity/Q1199354
">Q1199354
</a
>,
1119 <a href=
"http://www.wikidata.org/entity/Q1199354
">Q1199354
</a
>,
1120 <a href=
"http://www.wikidata.org/entity/Q1199451
">Q1199451
</a
>,
1121 <a href=
"http://www.wikidata.org/entity/Q1211871
">Q1211871
</a
>,
1122 <a href=
"http://www.wikidata.org/entity/Q1212179
">Q1212179
</a
>,
1123 <a href=
"http://www.wikidata.org/entity/Q1238382
">Q1238382
</a
>,
1124 <a href=
"http://www.wikidata.org/entity/Q4906454
">Q4906454
</a
>,
1125 <a href=
"http://www.wikidata.org/entity/Q320219
">Q320219
</a
>,
1126 <a href=
"http://www.wikidata.org/entity/Q1148649
">Q1148649
</a
>,
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1237 <p
>As usual, if you use Bitcoin and want to show your support of my
1238 activities, please send Bitcoin donations to my address
1239 <b
><a href=
"bitcoin:
15oWEoG9dUPovwmUL9KWAnYRtNJEkP1u1b
">15oWEoG9dUPovwmUL9KWAnYRtNJEkP1u1b
</a
></b
>.
</p
>
projects / homepage.git / blob