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  13  <h1>
  14      <a href="http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/">Petter Reinholdtsen</a>
  15
  16  </h1>
  17
  18 </div>
  19
  20
  21
  22     <div class="entry">
  23       <div class="title"><a href="http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/Hva_stemte_hver_stortingsrepresentant_i_voteringene_om_datalagringsdirektivet_.html">Hva stemte hver stortingsrepresentant i voteringene om datalagringsdirektivet?</a></div>
  24       <div class="date"> 9th February 2013</div>
  25       <div class="body"><p>Nytt stortingsvalg er på trappene, og folket får igjen mulighet til
  26 å påvirke sammensetningen i vår lovgivende forsamling.  Da er det
  27 relevant å vite hvilke representanter og partier som har støttet
  28 innføringen av brev- og besøkskontroll av hele den norske
  29 befolkningen, det vil si datalagringsdirektivet.</p>
  30
  31 <p>Hvis du vil vite hva hver enkelt stortingsrepresentant har stemt i
  32 stortingsvoteringene om datalagringsdirektivet, så har nettstedet til
  33 <a href="http://www.holderdeord.no/">Holder De Ord</a> den (så vidt jeg
  34 vet) eneste komplette oversikten på sin temaside om
  35 <a href="http://beta.holderdeord.no/issues/innfore-datalagringsdirektivet">innføringen
  36 av datalagringsdirektivet</a>.  Den har detaljene fra de 11 relevante
  37 forslagene som har vært fremmet så lagt.  De har vært votert over
  38 2011-04-04, 2011-04-11, 2012-06-11, 2012-10-05 og 2012-12-06.</p>
  39
  40 <p>Hvis du lurer på hva som er problemet med datalagringsdirektivet,
  41 anbefaler jeg å lese <a href="http://www.uhuru.biz/?cat=84">artiklene
  42 fra Jon Wessel-Aas</a> om temaet, samt informasjon fra foreningen
  43 <a href="http://www.digitaltpersonvern.no/">Digitalt
  44 Personvern</a>.</p>
  45 </div>
  46       <div class="tags">
  47
  48
  49         Tags: <a href="http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/tags/norsk">norsk</a>, <a href="http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/tags/personvern">personvern</a>, <a href="http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/tags/stortinget">stortinget</a>, <a href="http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/tags/surveillance">surveillance</a>.
  50
  51
  52       </div>
  53     </div>
  54     <div class="padding"></div>
  55
  56     <div class="entry">
  57       <div class="title"><a href="http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/_kt_overv_kning_applauderes_igjen_av_Arbeiderpartiet__H_yre_og_Fremskrittspartiet.html">Økt overvåkning applauderes igjen av Arbeiderpartiet, Høyre og Fremskrittspartiet</a></div>
  58       <div class="date"> 4th February 2013</div>
  59       <div class="body"><p>Jeg ser med gru at Arbeiderpartiet, Høyre og Fremskrittspartiet
  60 <a href="http://www.aftenposten.no/nyheter/iriks/Positive-til-mer-smuglerovervaking-7110348.html">applauderer
  61 tollvesenets forslag</a> om å øke overvåkningen i Norge nok et hakk.
  62 Det er ikke så rart, da de som uttaler seg jo også har støttet
  63 innføringen av datalagringsdirektivet eller i hvert fall ikke veldig
  64 aktivt har motarbeidet det.  Innføringen av datalagringsdirektivet er
  65 en lovendring som innebærer brev og besøkskontroll for hele
  66 befolkningen.</p>
  67
  68 <p><a href="http://www.stortinget.no/no/Saker-og-publikasjoner/Saker/Sak/?p=48717">Datalagringsdirektivet</a>
  69 har vært oppe til votering i stortinget tre ganger så langt.  Det ble
  70 <a href="http://svartelisten.org/">vedtatt første gang 2011-04-04</a>
  71 og
  72 <a href="https://github.com/holderdeord/hdo-folketingparser/blob/master/data/votering-2011-04-11.xml">andre
  73 gang 2011-04-11</a> (lovendringer voteres to ganger), og forslag om å
  74 stoppe loven ble
  75 <a href="http://www.stortinget.no/no/Saker-og-publikasjoner/Saker/Sak/Voteringsoversikt/?p=53844&dnid=1">nedstemt
  76 2012-12-06</a> (se også
  77 <a href="http://beta.holderdeord.no/issues/innfore-datalagringsdirektivet">oversikt fra Holder De
  78 Ord</a>).</p>
  79
  80 <p>Jan Bøhler i Arbeiderpartiet stemte for å innføre
  81 datalagringsdirektivet i lovverket i første votering, var ikke
  82 tilstede i andre votering og støttet loven i tredje votering.  André
  83 Oktay Dahl i Høyre var ikke til stede i første og andre votering men
  84 støttet loven i tredje votering.  Ulf Leirstein i Fremskrittspartiet
  85 stemte mot loven i første votering men var ikke til stede i andre og
  86 tredje votering.</p>
  87
  88 <p>Hvis du lurer på hva som er problemet med datalagringsdirektivet,
  89 anbefaler jeg å lese <a href="http://www.uhuru.biz/?cat=84">artiklene
  90 fra Jon Wessel-Aas</a> om temaet, samt informasjon fra foreningen
  91 <a href="http://www.digitaltpersonvern.no/">Digitalt
  92 Personvern</a>.</p>
  93
  94 <p><strong>Oppdatering 2013-03-09</strong>: Endret lenke til Holder De
  95 Ord, som har byttet mange lenker i forbindelse med import av
  96 voteringsdata for 2010-2011.</p>
  97 </div>
  98       <div class="tags">
  99
 100
 101         Tags: <a href="http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/tags/norsk">norsk</a>, <a href="http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/tags/personvern">personvern</a>, <a href="http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/tags/surveillance">surveillance</a>.
 102
 103
 104       </div>
 105     </div>
 106     <div class="padding"></div>
 107
 108     <div class="entry">
 109       <div class="title"><a href="http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/Bitcoin_GUI_now_available_from_Debian_unstable__and_Ubuntu_raring_.html">Bitcoin GUI now available from Debian/unstable (and Ubuntu/raring)</a></div>
 110       <div class="date"> 2nd February 2013</div>
 111       <div class="body"><p>My
 112 <a href="http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/How_to_backport_bitcoin_qt_version_0_7_2_2_to_Debian_Squeeze.html">last
 113 bitcoin related blog post</a> mentioned that the new
 114 <a href="http://packages.qa.debian.org/bitcoin">bitcoin package</a> for
 115 Debian was waiting in NEW.  It was accepted by the Debian ftp-masters
 116 2013-01-19, and have been available in unstable since then.  It was
 117 automatically copied to Ubuntu, and is available in their Raring
 118 version too.</p>
 119
 120 <p>But there is a strange problem with the build that block this new
 121 version from being available on the i386 and kfreebsd-i386
 122 architectures.  For some strange reason, the autobuilders in Debian
 123 for these architectures fail to run the test suite on these
 124 architectures (<a href="http://bugs.debian.org/672524">BTS #672524</a>).
 125 We are so far unable to reproduce it when building it manually, and
 126 no-one have been able to propose a fix.  If you got an idea what is
 127 failing, please let us know via the BTS.</p>
 128
 129 <p>One feature that is annoying me with of the bitcoin client, because
 130 I often run low on disk space, is the fact that the client will exit
 131 if it run short on space (<a href="http://bugs.debian.org/696715">BTS
 132 #696715</a>).  So make sure you have enough disk space when you run
 133 it. :)</p>
 134
 135 <p>As usual, if you use bitcoin and want to show your support of my
 136 activities, please send Bitcoin donations to my address
 137 <b><a href="bitcoin:15oWEoG9dUPovwmUL9KWAnYRtNJEkP1u1b&label=PetterReinholdtsenBlog">15oWEoG9dUPovwmUL9KWAnYRtNJEkP1u1b</a></b>.</p>
 138 </div>
 139       <div class="tags">
 140
 141
 142         Tags: <a href="http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/tags/bitcoin">bitcoin</a>, <a href="http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/tags/debian">debian</a>, <a href="http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/tags/english">english</a>.
 143
 144
 145       </div>
 146     </div>
 147     <div class="padding"></div>
 148
 149     <div class="entry">
 150       <div class="title"><a href="http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/Welcome_to_the_world__Isenkram_.html">Welcome to the world, Isenkram!</a></div>
 151       <div class="date">22nd January 2013</div>
 152       <div class="body"><p>Yesterday, I
 153 <a href="http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/First_prototype_ready_making_hardware_easier_to_use_in_Debian.html">asked
 154 for testers</a> for my prototype for making Debian better at handling
 155 pluggable hardware devices, which I
 156 <a href="http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/Lets_make_hardware_dongles_easier_to_use_in_Debian.html">set
 157 out to create</a> earlier this month.  Several valuable testers showed
 158 up, and caused me to really want to to open up the development to more
 159 people.  But before I did this, I want to come up with a sensible name
 160 for this project.  Today I finally decided on a new name, and I have
 161 renamed the project from hw-support-handler to this new name.  In the
 162 process, I moved the source to git and made it available as a
 163 <a href="http://anonscm.debian.org/gitweb/?p=collab-maint/isenkram.git">collab-maint</a>
 164 repository in Debian.  The new name?  It is <strong>Isenkram</strong>.
 165 To fetch and build the latest version of the source, use</p>
 166
 167 <pre>
 168 git clone http://anonscm.debian.org/git/collab-maint/isenkram.git
 169 cd isenkram && git-buildpackage -us -uc
 170 </pre>
 171
 172 <p>I have not yet adjusted all files to use the new name yet.  If you
 173 want to hack on the source or improve the package, please go ahead.
 174 But please talk to me first on IRC or via email before you do major
 175 changes, to make sure we do not step on each others toes. :)</p>
 176
 177 <p>If you wonder what 'isenkram' is, it is a Norwegian word for iron
 178 stuff, typically meaning tools, nails, screws, etc.  Typical hardware
 179 stuff, in other words.  I've been told it is the Norwegian variant of
 180 the German word eisenkram, for those that are familiar with that
 181 word.</p>
 182
 183 <p><strong>Update 2013-01-26</strong>: Added -us -us to build
 184 instructions, to avoid confusing people with an error from the signing
 185 process.</p>
 186
 187 <p><strong>Update 2013-01-27</strong>: Switch to HTTP URL for the git
 188 clone argument to avoid the need for authentication.</p>
 189 </div>
 190       <div class="tags">
 191
 192
 193         Tags: <a href="http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/tags/debian">debian</a>, <a href="http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/tags/english">english</a>, <a href="http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/tags/isenkram">isenkram</a>.
 194
 195
 196       </div>
 197     </div>
 198     <div class="padding"></div>
 199
 200     <div class="entry">
 201       <div class="title"><a href="http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/First_prototype_ready_making_hardware_easier_to_use_in_Debian.html">First prototype ready making hardware easier to use in Debian</a></div>
 202       <div class="date">21st January 2013</div>
 203       <div class="body"><p>Early this month I set out to try to
 204 <a href="http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/Lets_make_hardware_dongles_easier_to_use_in_Debian.html">improve
 205 the Debian support for pluggable hardware devices</a>.  Now my
 206 prototype is working, and it is ready for a larger audience.  To test
 207 it, fetch the
 208 <a href="http://anonscm.debian.org/viewvc/debian-edu/trunk/src/hw-support-handler/">source
 209 from the Debian Edu subversion repository</a>, build and install the
 210 package.  You might have to log out and in again activate the
 211 autostart script.</p>
 212
 213 <p>The design is simple:</p>
 214
 215 <ul>
 216
 217 <li>Add desktop entry in /usr/share/autostart/ causing a program
 218 hw-support-handlerd to start when the user log in.</li>
 219
 220 <li>This program listen for kernel events about new hardware (directly
 221 from the kernel like udev does), not using HAL dbus events as I
 222 initially did.</li>
 223
 224 <li>When new hardware is inserted, look up the hardware modalias in
 225 the APT database, a database
 226 <a href="http://anonscm.debian.org/viewvc/debian-edu/trunk/src/hw-support-handler/modaliases?view=markup">available
 227 via HTTP</a> and a database available as part of the package.</li>
 228
 229 <li>If a package is mapped to the hardware in question, the package
 230 isn't installed yet and this is the first time the hardware was
 231 plugged in, show a desktop notification suggesting to install the
 232 package or packages.</li>
 233
 234 <li>If the user click on the 'install package now' button, ask
 235 aptdaemon via the PackageKit API to install the requrired package.</li>
 236
 237 <li>aptdaemon ask for root password or sudo password, and install the
 238 package while showing progress information in a window.</li>
 239
 240 </ul>
 241
 242 <p>I still need to come up with a better name for the system.  Here
 243 are some screen shots showing the prototype in action.  First the
 244 notification, then the password request, and finally the request to
 245 approve all the dependencies.  Sorry for the Norwegian Bokmål GUI.</p>
 246
 247 <p><img src="http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/images/2013-01-21-hw-support-1-notification.png">
 248 <br><img src="http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/images/2013-01-21-hw-support-2-password.png">
 249 <br><img src="http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/images/2013-01-21-hw-support-3-dependencies.png">
 250 <br><img src="http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/images/2013-01-21-hw-support-4-installing.png">
 251 <br><img src="http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/images/2013-01-21-hw-support-5-installing-details.png" width="70%"></p>
 252
 253 <p>The prototype still need to be improved with longer timeouts, but
 254 is already useful.  The database of hardware to package mappings also
 255 need more work.  It is currently compatible with the Ubuntu way of
 256 storing such information in the package control file, but could be
 257 changed to use other formats instead or in addition to the current
 258 method.  I've dropped the use of discover for this mapping, as the
 259 modalias approach is more flexible and easier to use on Linux as long
 260 as the Linux kernel expose its modalias strings directly.</p>
 261
 262 <p><strong>Update 2013-01-21 16:50</strong>: Due to popular demand,
 263 here is the command required to check out and build the source: Use
 264 '<tt>svn checkout
 265 svn://svn.debian.org/debian-edu/trunk/src/hw-support-handler/; cd
 266 hw-support-handler; debuild</tt>'.  If you lack debuild, install the
 267 devscripts package.</p>
 268
 269 <p><strong>Update 2013-01-23 12:00</strong>: The project is now
 270 renamed to Isenkram and the source moved from the Debian Edu
 271 subversion repository to a Debian collab-maint git repository.  See
 272 <a href="http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/Welcome_to_the_world__Isenkram_.html">build
 273 instructions</a> for details.</p>
 274 </div>
 275       <div class="tags">
 276
 277
 278         Tags: <a href="http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/tags/debian">debian</a>, <a href="http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/tags/english">english</a>, <a href="http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/tags/isenkram">isenkram</a>.
 279
 280
 281       </div>
 282     </div>
 283     <div class="padding"></div>
 284
 285     <div class="entry">
 286       <div class="title"><a href="http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/Thank_you_Thinkpad_X41__for_your_long_and_trustworthy_service.html">Thank you Thinkpad X41, for your long and trustworthy service</a></div>
 287       <div class="date">19th January 2013</div>
 288       <div class="body"><p>This Christmas my trusty old laptop died.  It died quietly and
 289 suddenly in bed.  With a quiet whimper, it went completely quiet and
 290 black.  The power button was no longer able to turn it on.  It was a
 291 IBM Thinkpad X41, and the best laptop I ever had.  Better than both
 292 Thinkpads X30, X31, X40, X60, X61 and X61S.  Far better than the
 293 Compaq I had before that.  Now I need to find a replacement.  To keep
 294 going during Christmas, I moved the one year old SSD disk to my old
 295 X40 where it fitted (only one I had left that could use it), but it is
 296 not a durable solution.
 297
 298 <p>My laptop needs are fairly modest.  This is my wishlist from when I
 299 got a new one more than 10 years ago.  It still holds true.:)</p>
 300
 301 <ul>
 302
 303 <li>Lightweight (around 1 kg) and small volume (preferably smaller
 304   than A4).</li>
 305 <li>Robust, it will be in my backpack every day.</li>
 306 <li>Three button mouse and a mouse pin instead of touch pad.</li>
 307 <li>Long battery life time.  Preferable a week.</li>
 308 <li>Internal WIFI network card.</li>
 309 <li>Internal Twisted Pair network card.</li>
 310 <li>Some USB slots (2-3 is plenty)</li>
 311 <li>Good keyboard - similar to the Thinkpad.</li>
 312 <li>Video resolution at least 1024x768, with size around 12" (A4 paper
 313 size).</li>
 314 <li>Hardware supported by Debian Stable, ie the default kernel and
 315   X.org packages.</li>
 316 <li>Quiet, preferably fan free (or at least not using the fan most of
 317   the time).
 318
 319 </ul>
 320
 321 <p>You will notice that there are no RAM and CPU requirements in the
 322 list.  The reason is simply that the specifications on laptops the
 323 last 10-15 years have been sufficient for my needs, and I have to look
 324 at other features to choose my laptop.  But are there still made as
 325 robust laptops as my X41?  The Thinkpad X60/X61 proved to be less
 326 robust, and Thinkpads seem to be heading in the wrong direction since
 327 Lenovo took over.  But I've been told that X220 and X1 Carbon might
 328 still be useful.</p>
 329
 330 <p>Perhaps I should rethink my needs, and look for a pad with an
 331 external keyboard?  I'll have to check the
 332 <a href="http://www.linux-laptop.net/">Linux Laptops site</a> for
 333 well-supported laptops, or perhaps just buy one preinstalled from one
 334 of the vendors listed on the <a href="http://linuxpreloaded.com/">Linux
 335 Pre-loaded site</a>.</p>
 336 </div>
 337       <div class="tags">
 338
 339
 340         Tags: <a href="http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/tags/debian">debian</a>, <a href="http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/tags/english">english</a>.
 341
 342
 343       </div>
 344     </div>
 345     <div class="padding"></div>
 346
 347     <div class="entry">
 348       <div class="title"><a href="http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/How_to_find_a_browser_plugin_supporting_a_given_MIME_type.html">How to find a browser plugin supporting a given MIME type</a></div>
 349       <div class="date">18th January 2013</div>
 350       <div class="body"><p>Some times I try to figure out which Iceweasel browser plugin to
 351 install to get support for a given MIME type.  Thanks to
 352 <a href="https://wiki.ubuntu.com/MozillaTeam/Plugins">specifications
 353 done by Ubuntu</a> and Mozilla, it is possible to do this in Debian.
 354 Unfortunately, not very many packages provide the needed meta
 355 information, Anyway, here is a small script to look up all browser
 356 plugin packages announcing ther MIME support using this specification:</p>
 357
 358 <pre>
 359 #!/usr/bin/python
 360 import sys
 361 import apt
 362 def pkgs_handling_mimetype(mimetype):
 363     cache = apt.Cache()
 364     cache.open(None)
 365     thepkgs = []
 366     for pkg in cache:
 367         version = pkg.candidate
 368         if version is None:
 369             version = pkg.installed
 370         if version is None:
 371             continue
 372         record = version.record
 373         if not record.has_key('Npp-MimeType'):
 374             continue
 375         mime_types = record['Npp-MimeType'].split(',')
 376         for t in mime_types:
 377             t = t.rstrip().strip()
 378             if t == mimetype:
 379                 thepkgs.append(pkg.name)
 380     return thepkgs
 381 mimetype = "audio/ogg"
 382 if 1 < len(sys.argv):
 383     mimetype = sys.argv[1]
 384 print "Browser plugin packages supporting %s:" % mimetype
 385 for pkg in pkgs_handling_mimetype(mimetype):
 386     print "  %s" %pkg
 387 </pre>
 388
 389 <p>It can be used like this to look up a given MIME type:</p>
 390
 391 <pre>
 392 % ./apt-find-browserplug-for-mimetype
 393 Browser plugin packages supporting audio/ogg:
 394   gecko-mediaplayer
 395 % ./apt-find-browserplug-for-mimetype application/x-shockwave-flash
 396 Browser plugin packages supporting application/x-shockwave-flash:
 397   browser-plugin-gnash
 398 %
 399 </pre>
 400
 401 <p>In Ubuntu this mechanism is combined with support in the browser
 402 itself to query for plugins and propose to install the needed
 403 packages.  It would be great if Debian supported such feature too.  Is
 404 anyone working on adding it?</p>
 405
 406 <p><strong>Update 2013-01-18 14:20</strong>: The Debian BTS
 407 request for icweasel support for this feature is
 408 <a href="http://bugs.debian.org/484010">#484010</a> from 2008 (and
 409 <a href="http://bugs.debian.org/698426">#698426</a> from today).  Lack
 410 of manpower and wish for a different design is the reason thus feature
 411 is not yet in iceweasel from Debian.</p>
 412 </div>
 413       <div class="tags">
 414
 415
 416         Tags: <a href="http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/tags/debian">debian</a>, <a href="http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/tags/english">english</a>.
 417
 418
 419       </div>
 420     </div>
 421     <div class="padding"></div>
 422
 423     <div class="entry">
 424       <div class="title"><a href="http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/What_is_the_most_supported_MIME_type_in_Debian_.html">What is the most supported MIME type in Debian?</a></div>
 425       <div class="date">16th January 2013</div>
 426       <div class="body"><p>The <a href="http://wiki.debian.org/AppStreamDebianProposal">DEP-11
 427 proposal to add AppStream information to the Debian archive</a>, is a
 428 proposal to make it possible for a Desktop application to propose to
 429 the user some package to install to gain support for a given MIME
 430 type, font, library etc. that is currently missing.  With such
 431 mechanism in place, it would be possible for the desktop to
 432 automatically propose and install leocad if some LDraw file is
 433 downloaded by the browser.</p>
 434
 435 <p>To get some idea about the current content of the archive, I decided
 436 to write a simple program to extract all .desktop files from the
 437 Debian archive and look up the claimed MIME support there.  The result
 438 can be found on the
 439 <a href="http://ftp.skolelinux.org/pub/AppStreamTest">Skolelinux FTP
 440 site</a>.  Using the collected information, it become possible to
 441 answer the question in the title.  Here are the 20 most supported MIME
 442 types in Debian stable (Squeeze), testing (Wheezy) and unstable (Sid).
 443 The complete list is available from the link above.</p>
 444
 445 <p><strong>Debian Stable:</strong></p>
 446
 447 <pre>
 448   count MIME type
 449   ----- -----------------------
 450      32 text/plain
 451      30 audio/mpeg
 452      29 image/png
 453      28 image/jpeg
 454      27 application/ogg
 455      26 audio/x-mp3
 456      25 image/tiff
 457      25 image/gif
 458      22 image/bmp
 459      22 audio/x-wav
 460      20 audio/x-flac
 461      19 audio/x-mpegurl
 462      18 video/x-ms-asf
 463      18 audio/x-musepack
 464      18 audio/x-mpeg
 465      18 application/x-ogg
 466      17 video/mpeg
 467      17 audio/x-scpls
 468      17 audio/ogg
 469      16 video/x-ms-wmv
 470 </pre>
 471
 472 <p><strong>Debian Testing:</strong></p>
 473
 474 <pre>
 475   count MIME type
 476   ----- -----------------------
 477      33 text/plain
 478      32 image/png
 479      32 image/jpeg
 480      29 audio/mpeg
 481      27 image/gif
 482      26 image/tiff
 483      26 application/ogg
 484      25 audio/x-mp3
 485      22 image/bmp
 486      21 audio/x-wav
 487      19 audio/x-mpegurl
 488      19 audio/x-mpeg
 489      18 video/mpeg
 490      18 audio/x-scpls
 491      18 audio/x-flac
 492      18 application/x-ogg
 493      17 video/x-ms-asf
 494      17 text/html
 495      17 audio/x-musepack
 496      16 image/x-xbitmap
 497 </pre>
 498
 499 <p><strong>Debian Unstable:</strong></p>
 500
 501 <pre>
 502   count MIME type
 503   ----- -----------------------
 504      31 text/plain
 505      31 image/png
 506      31 image/jpeg
 507      29 audio/mpeg
 508      28 application/ogg
 509      27 image/gif
 510      26 image/tiff
 511      26 audio/x-mp3
 512      23 audio/x-wav
 513      22 image/bmp
 514      21 audio/x-flac
 515      20 audio/x-mpegurl
 516      19 audio/x-mpeg
 517      18 video/x-ms-asf
 518      18 video/mpeg
 519      18 audio/x-scpls
 520      18 application/x-ogg
 521      17 audio/x-musepack
 522      16 video/x-ms-wmv
 523      16 video/x-msvideo
 524 </pre>
 525
 526 <p>I am told that PackageKit can provide an API to access the kind of
 527 information mentioned in DEP-11.  I have not yet had time to look at
 528 it, but hope the PackageKit people in Debian are on top of these
 529 issues.</p>
 530
 531 <p><strong>Update 2013-01-16 13:35</strong>: Updated numbers after
 532 discovering a typo in my script.</p>
 533 </div>
 534       <div class="tags">
 535
 536
 537         Tags: <a href="http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/tags/debian">debian</a>, <a href="http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/tags/english">english</a>.
 538
 539
 540       </div>
 541     </div>
 542     <div class="padding"></div>
 543
 544     <div class="entry">
 545       <div class="title"><a href="http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/Using_modalias_info_to_find_packages_handling_my_hardware.html">Using modalias info to find packages handling my hardware</a></div>
 546       <div class="date">15th January 2013</div>
 547       <div class="body"><p>Yesterday, I wrote about the
 548 <a href="http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/Modalias_strings___a_practical_way_to_map__stuff__to_hardware.html">modalias
 549 values provided by the Linux kernel</a> following my hope for
 550 <a href="http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/Lets_make_hardware_dongles_easier_to_use_in_Debian.html">better
 551 dongle support in Debian</a>.  Using this knowledge, I have tested how
 552 modalias values attached to package names can be used to map packages
 553 to hardware.  This allow the system to look up and suggest relevant
 554 packages when I plug in some new hardware into my machine, and replace
 555 discover and discover-data as the database used to map hardware to
 556 packages.</p>
 557
 558 <p>I create a modaliases file with entries like the following,
 559 containing package name, kernel module name (if relevant, otherwise
 560 the package name) and globs matching the relevant hardware
 561 modalias.</p>
 562
 563 <p><blockquote>
 564 Package: package-name
 565 <br>Modaliases: module(modaliasglob, modaliasglob, modaliasglob)</p>
 566 </blockquote></p>
 567
 568 <p>It is fairly trivial to write code to find the relevant packages
 569 for a given modalias value using this file.</p>
 570
 571 <p>An entry like this would suggest the video and picture application
 572 cheese for many USB web cameras (interface bus class 0E01):</p>
 573
 574 <p><blockquote>
 575 Package: cheese
 576 <br>Modaliases: cheese(usb:v*p*d*dc*dsc*dp*ic0Eisc01ip*)</p>
 577 </blockquote></p>
 578
 579 <p>An entry like this would suggest the pcmciautils package when a
 580 CardBus bridge (bus class 0607) PCI device is present:</p>
 581
 582 <p><blockquote>
 583 Package: pcmciautils
 584 <br>Modaliases: pcmciautils(pci:v*d*sv*sd*bc06sc07i*)
 585 </blockquote></p>
 586
 587 <p>An entry like this would suggest the package colorhug-client when
 588 plugging in a ColorHug with USB IDs 04D8:F8DA:</p>
 589
 590 <p><blockquote>
 591 Package: colorhug-client
 592 <br>Modaliases: colorhug-client(usb:v04D8pF8DAd*)</p>
 593 </blockquote></p>
 594
 595 <p>I believe the format is compatible with the format of the Packages
 596 file in the Debian archive.  Ubuntu already uses their Packages file
 597 to store their mappings from packages to hardware.</p>
 598
 599 <p>By adding a XB-Modaliases: header in debian/control, any .deb can
 600 announce the hardware it support in a way my prototype understand.
 601 This allow those publishing packages in an APT source outside the
 602 Debian archive as well as those backporting packages to make sure the
 603 hardware mapping are included in the package meta information.  I've
 604 tested such header in the pymissile package, and its modalias mapping
 605 is working as it should with my prototype.  It even made it to Ubuntu
 606 Raring.</p>
 607
 608 <p>To test if it was possible to look up supported hardware using only
 609 the shell tools available in the Debian installer, I wrote a shell
 610 implementation of the lookup code.  The idea is to create files for
 611 each modalias and let the shell do the matching.  Please check out and
 612 try the
 613 <a href="http://anonscm.debian.org/viewvc/debian-edu/trunk/src/hw-support-handler/hw-support-lookup?view=co">hw-support-lookup</a>
 614 shell script.  It run without any extra dependencies and fetch the
 615 hardware mappings from the Debian archive and the subversion
 616 repository where I currently work on my prototype.</p>
 617
 618 <p>When I use it on a machine with a yubikey inserted, it suggest to
 619 install yubikey-personalization:</p>
 620
 621 <p><blockquote>
 622 % ./hw-support-lookup
 623 <br>yubikey-personalization
 624 <br>%
 625 </blockquote></p>
 626
 627 <p>When I run it on my Thinkpad X40 with a PCMCIA/CardBus slot, it
 628 propose to install the pcmciautils package:</p>
 629
 630 <p><blockquote>
 631 % ./hw-support-lookup
 632 <br>pcmciautils
 633 <br>%
 634 </blockquote></p>
 635
 636 <p>If you know of any hardware-package mapping that should be added to
 637 <a href="http://anonscm.debian.org/viewvc/debian-edu/trunk/src/hw-support-handler/modaliases?view=co">my
 638 database</a>, please tell me about it.</p>
 639
 640 <p>It could be possible to generate several of the mappings between
 641 packages and hardware.  One source would be to look at packages with
 642 kernel modules, ie packages with *.ko files in /lib/modules/, and
 643 extract their modalias information.  Another would be to look at
 644 packages with udev rules, ie packages with files in
 645 /lib/udev/rules.d/, and extract their vendor/model information to
 646 generate a modalias matching rule.  I have not tested any of these to
 647 see if it work.</p>
 648
 649 <p>If you want to help implementing a system to let us propose what
 650 packages to install when new hardware is plugged into a Debian
 651 machine, please send me an email or talk to me on
 652 <a href="irc://irc.debian.org/%23debian-devel">#debian-devel</a>.</p>
 653 </div>
 654       <div class="tags">
 655
 656
 657         Tags: <a href="http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/tags/debian">debian</a>, <a href="http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/tags/english">english</a>, <a href="http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/tags/isenkram">isenkram</a>.
 658
 659
 660       </div>
 661     </div>
 662     <div class="padding"></div>
 663
 664     <div class="entry">
 665       <div class="title"><a href="http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/Modalias_strings___a_practical_way_to_map__stuff__to_hardware.html">Modalias strings - a practical way to map "stuff" to hardware</a></div>
 666       <div class="date">14th January 2013</div>
 667       <div class="body"><p>While looking into how to look up Debian packages based on hardware
 668 information, to find the packages that support a given piece of
 669 hardware, I refreshed my memory regarding modalias values, and decided
 670 to document the details.  Here are my findings so far, also available
 671 in
 672 <a href="http://anonscm.debian.org/viewvc/debian-edu/trunk/src/hw-support-handler/">the
 673 Debian Edu subversion repository</a>:
 674
 675 <p><strong>Modalias decoded</strong></p>
 676
 677 <p>This document try to explain what the different types of modalias
 678 values stands for.  It is in part based on information from
 679 &lt;URL: <a href="https://wiki.archlinux.org/index.php/Modalias">https://wiki.archlinux.org/index.php/Modalias</a> &gt;,
 680 &lt;URL: <a href="http://unix.stackexchange.com/questions/26132/how-to-assign-usb-driver-to-device">http://unix.stackexchange.com/questions/26132/how-to-assign-usb-driver-to-device</a> &gt;,
 681 &lt;URL: <a href="http://code.metager.de/source/history/linux/stable/scripts/mod/file2alias.c">http://code.metager.de/source/history/linux/stable/scripts/mod/file2alias.c</a> &gt; and
 682 &lt;URL: <a href="http://cvs.savannah.gnu.org/viewvc/dmidecode/dmidecode.c?root=dmidecode&view=markup">http://cvs.savannah.gnu.org/viewvc/dmidecode/dmidecode.c?root=dmidecode&view=markup</a> &gt;.
 683
 684 <p>The modalias entries for a given Linux machine can be found using
 685 this shell script:</p>
 686
 687 <pre>
 688 find /sys -name modalias -print0 | xargs -0 cat | sort -u
 689 </pre>
 690
 691 <p>The supported modalias globs for a given kernel module can be found
 692 using modinfo:</p>
 693
 694 <pre>
 695 % /sbin/modinfo psmouse | grep alias:
 696 alias:          serio:ty05pr*id*ex*
 697 alias:          serio:ty01pr*id*ex*
 698 %
 699 </pre>
 700
 701 <p><strong>PCI subtype</strong></p>
 702
 703 <p>A typical PCI entry can look like this.  This is an Intel Host
 704 Bridge memory controller:</p>
 705
 706 <p><blockquote>
 707 pci:v00008086d00002770sv00001028sd000001ADbc06sc00i00
 708 </blockquote></p>
 709
 710 <p>This represent these values:</p>
 711
 712 <pre>
 713  v   00008086  (vendor)
 714  d   00002770  (device)
 715  sv  00001028  (subvendor)
 716  sd  000001AD  (subdevice)
 717  bc  06        (bus class)
 718  sc  00        (bus subclass)
 719  i   00        (interface)
 720 </pre>
 721
 722 <p>The vendor/device values are the same values outputted from 'lspci
 723 -n' as 8086:2770.  The bus class/subclass is also shown by lspci as
 724 0600.  The 0600 class is a host bridge.  Other useful bus values are
 725 0300 (VGA compatible card) and 0200 (Ethernet controller).</p>
 726
 727 <p>Not sure how to figure out the interface value, nor what it
 728 means.</p>
 729
 730 <p><strong>USB subtype</strong></p>
 731
 732 <p>Some typical USB entries can look like this.  This is an internal
 733 USB hub in a laptop:</p>
 734
 735 <p><blockquote>
 736 usb:v1D6Bp0001d0206dc09dsc00dp00ic09isc00ip00
 737 </blockquote></p>
 738
 739 <p>Here is the values included in this alias:</p>
 740
 741 <pre>
 742  v    1D6B  (device vendor)
 743  p    0001  (device product)
 744  d    0206  (bcddevice)
 745  dc     09  (device class)
 746  dsc    00  (device subclass)
 747  dp     00  (device protocol)
 748  ic     09  (interface class)
 749  isc    00  (interface subclass)
 750  ip     00  (interface protocol)
 751 </pre>
 752
 753 <p>The 0900 device class/subclass means hub.  Some times the relevant
 754 class is in the interface class section.  For a simple USB web camera,
 755 these alias entries show up:</p>
 756
 757 <p><blockquote>
 758 usb:v0AC8p3420d5000dcEFdsc02dp01ic01isc01ip00
 759 <br>usb:v0AC8p3420d5000dcEFdsc02dp01ic01isc02ip00
 760 <br>usb:v0AC8p3420d5000dcEFdsc02dp01ic0Eisc01ip00
 761 <br>usb:v0AC8p3420d5000dcEFdsc02dp01ic0Eisc02ip00
 762 </blockquote></p>
 763
 764 <p>Interface class 0E01 is video control, 0E02 is video streaming (aka
 765 camera), 0101 is audio control device and 0102 is audio streaming (aka
 766 microphone).  Thus this is a camera with microphone included.</p>
 767
 768 <p><strong>ACPI subtype</strong></p>
 769
 770 <p>The ACPI type is used for several non-PCI/USB stuff.  This is an IR
 771 receiver in a Thinkpad X40:</p>
 772
 773 <p><blockquote>
 774 acpi:IBM0071:PNP0511:
 775 </blockquote></p>
 776
 777 <p>The values between the colons are IDs.</p>
 778
 779 <p><strong>DMI subtype</strong></p>
 780
 781 <p>The DMI table contain lots of information about the computer case
 782 and model.  This is an entry for a IBM Thinkpad X40, fetched from
 783 /sys/devices/virtual/dmi/id/modalias:</p>
 784
 785 <p><blockquote>
 786 dmi:bvnIBM:bvr1UETB6WW(1.66):bd06/15/2005:svnIBM:pn2371H4G:pvrThinkPadX40:rvnIBM:rn2371H4G:rvrNotAvailable:cvnIBM:ct10:cvrNotAvailable:
 787 </blockquote></p>
 788
 789 <p>The values present are</p>
 790
 791 <pre>
 792  bvn  IBM            (BIOS vendor)
 793  bvr  1UETB6WW(1.66) (BIOS version)
 794  bd   06/15/2005     (BIOS date)
 795  svn  IBM            (system vendor)
 796  pn   2371H4G        (product name)
 797  pvr  ThinkPadX40    (product version)
 798  rvn  IBM            (board vendor)
 799  rn   2371H4G        (board name)
 800  rvr  NotAvailable   (board version)
 801  cvn  IBM            (chassis vendor)
 802  ct   10             (chassis type)
 803  cvr  NotAvailable   (chassis version)
 804 </pre>
 805
 806 <p>The chassis type 10 is Notebook.  Other interesting values can be
 807 found in the dmidecode source:</p>
 808
 809 <pre>
 810   3 Desktop
 811   4 Low Profile Desktop
 812   5 Pizza Box
 813   6 Mini Tower
 814   7 Tower
 815   8 Portable
 816   9 Laptop
 817  10 Notebook
 818  11 Hand Held
 819  12 Docking Station
 820  13 All In One
 821  14 Sub Notebook
 822  15 Space-saving
 823  16 Lunch Box
 824  17 Main Server Chassis
 825  18 Expansion Chassis
 826  19 Sub Chassis
 827  20 Bus Expansion Chassis
 828  21 Peripheral Chassis
 829  22 RAID Chassis
 830  23 Rack Mount Chassis
 831  24 Sealed-case PC
 832  25 Multi-system
 833  26 CompactPCI
 834  27 AdvancedTCA
 835  28 Blade
 836  29 Blade Enclosing
 837 </pre>
 838
 839 <p>The chassis type values are not always accurately set in the DMI
 840 table.  For example my home server is a tower, but the DMI modalias
 841 claim it is a desktop.</p>
 842
 843 <p><strong>SerIO subtype</strong></p>
 844
 845 <p>This type is used for PS/2 mouse plugs.  One example is from my
 846 test machine:</p>
 847
 848 <p><blockquote>
 849 serio:ty01pr00id00ex00
 850 </blockquote></p>
 851
 852 <p>The values present are</p>
 853
 854 <pre>
 855   ty  01  (type)
 856   pr  00  (prototype)
 857   id  00  (id)
 858   ex  00  (extra)
 859 </pre>
 860
 861 <p>This type is supported by the psmouse driver.  I am not sure what
 862 the valid values are.</p>
 863
 864 <p><strong>Other subtypes</strong></p>
 865
 866 <p>There are heaps of other modalias subtypes according to
 867 file2alias.c.  There is the rest of the list from that source: amba,
 868 ap, bcma, ccw, css, eisa, hid, i2c, ieee1394, input, ipack, isapnp,
 869 mdio, of, parisc, pcmcia, platform, scsi, sdio, spi, ssb, vio, virtio,
 870 vmbus, x86cpu and zorro.  I did not spend time documenting all of
 871 these, as they do not seem relevant for my intended use with mapping
 872 hardware to packages when new stuff is inserted during run time.</p>
 873
 874 <p><strong>Looking up kernel modules using modalias values</strong></p>
 875
 876 <p>To check which kernel modules provide support for a given modalias,
 877 one can use the following shell script:</p>
 878
 879 <pre>
 880   for id in $(find /sys -name modalias -print0 | xargs -0 cat | sort -u); do \
 881     echo "$id" ; \
 882     /sbin/modprobe --show-depends "$id"|sed 's/^/  /' ; \
 883   done
 884 </pre>
 885
 886 <p>The output can look like this (only the first few entries as the
 887 list is very long on my test machine):</p>
 888
 889 <pre>
 890   acpi:ACPI0003:
 891     insmod /lib/modules/2.6.32-5-686/kernel/drivers/acpi/ac.ko
 892   acpi:device:
 893   FATAL: Module acpi:device: not found.
 894   acpi:IBM0068:
 895     insmod /lib/modules/2.6.32-5-686/kernel/drivers/char/nvram.ko
 896     insmod /lib/modules/2.6.32-5-686/kernel/drivers/leds/led-class.ko
 897     insmod /lib/modules/2.6.32-5-686/kernel/net/rfkill/rfkill.ko
 898     insmod /lib/modules/2.6.32-5-686/kernel/drivers/platform/x86/thinkpad_acpi.ko
 899   acpi:IBM0071:PNP0511:
 900     insmod /lib/modules/2.6.32-5-686/kernel/lib/crc-ccitt.ko
 901     insmod /lib/modules/2.6.32-5-686/kernel/net/irda/irda.ko
 902     insmod /lib/modules/2.6.32-5-686/kernel/drivers/net/irda/nsc-ircc.ko
 903   [...]
 904 </pre>
 905
 906 <p>If you want to help implementing a system to let us propose what
 907 packages to install when new hardware is plugged into a Debian
 908 machine, please send me an email or talk to me on
 909 <a href="irc://irc.debian.org/%23debian-devel">#debian-devel</a>.</p>
 910
 911 <p><strong>Update 2013-01-15:</strong> Rewrite "cat $(find ...)" to
 912 "find ... -print0 | xargs -0 cat" to make sure it handle directories
 913 in /sys/ with space in them.</p>
 914 </div>
 915       <div class="tags">
 916
 917
 918         Tags: <a href="http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/tags/debian">debian</a>, <a href="http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/tags/english">english</a>, <a href="http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/tags/isenkram">isenkram</a>.
 919
 920
 921       </div>
 922     </div>
 923     <div class="padding"></div>
 924
 925     <p style="text-align: right;"><a href="index.rss"><img src="http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/xml.gif" alt="RSS feed" width="36" height="14" /></a></p>
 926     <div id="sidebar">
 927
 928
 929
 930 <h2>Archive</h2>
 931 <ul>
 932
 933 <li>2013
 934 <ul>
 935
 936 <li><a href="http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/archive/2013/01/">January (11)</a></li>
 937
 938 <li><a href="http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/archive/2013/02/">February (3)</a></li>
 939
 940 </ul></li>
 941
 942 <li>2012
 943 <ul>
 944
 945 <li><a href="http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/archive/2012/01/">January (7)</a></li>
 946
 947 <li><a href="http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/archive/2012/02/">February (10)</a></li>
 948
 949 <li><a href="http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/archive/2012/03/">March (17)</a></li>
 950
 951 <li><a href="http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/archive/2012/04/">April (12)</a></li>
 952
 953 <li><a href="http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/archive/2012/05/">May (12)</a></li>
 954
 955 <li><a href="http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/archive/2012/06/">June (20)</a></li>
 956
 957 <li><a href="http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/archive/2012/07/">July (17)</a></li>
 958
 959 <li><a href="http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/archive/2012/08/">August (6)</a></li>
 960
 961 <li><a href="http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/archive/2012/09/">September (9)</a></li>
 962
 963 <li><a href="http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/archive/2012/10/">October (17)</a></li>
 964
 965 <li><a href="http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/archive/2012/11/">November (10)</a></li>
 966
 967 <li><a href="http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/archive/2012/12/">December (7)</a></li>
 968
 969 </ul></li>
 970
 971 <li>2011
 972 <ul>
 973
 974 <li><a href="http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/archive/2011/01/">January (16)</a></li>
 975
 976 <li><a href="http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/archive/2011/02/">February (6)</a></li>
 977
 978 <li><a href="http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/archive/2011/03/">March (6)</a></li>
 979
 980 <li><a href="http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/archive/2011/04/">April (7)</a></li>
 981
 982 <li><a href="http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/archive/2011/05/">May (3)</a></li>
 983
 984 <li><a href="http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/archive/2011/06/">June (2)</a></li>
 985
 986 <li><a href="http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/archive/2011/07/">July (7)</a></li>
 987
 988 <li><a href="http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/archive/2011/08/">August (6)</a></li>
 989
 990 <li><a href="http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/archive/2011/09/">September (4)</a></li>
 991
 992 <li><a href="http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/archive/2011/10/">October (2)</a></li>
 993
 994 <li><a href="http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/archive/2011/11/">November (3)</a></li>
 995
 996 <li><a href="http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/archive/2011/12/">December (1)</a></li>
 997
 998 </ul></li>
 999
1000 <li>2010
1001 <ul>
1002
1003 <li><a href="http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/archive/2010/01/">January (2)</a></li>
1004
1005 <li><a href="http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/archive/2010/02/">February (1)</a></li>
1006
1007 <li><a href="http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/archive/2010/03/">March (3)</a></li>
1008
1009 <li><a href="http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/archive/2010/04/">April (3)</a></li>
1010
1011 <li><a href="http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/archive/2010/05/">May (9)</a></li>
1012
1013 <li><a href="http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/archive/2010/06/">June (14)</a></li>
1014
1015 <li><a href="http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/archive/2010/07/">July (12)</a></li>
1016
1017 <li><a href="http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/archive/2010/08/">August (13)</a></li>
1018
1019 <li><a href="http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/archive/2010/09/">September (7)</a></li>
1020
1021 <li><a href="http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/archive/2010/10/">October (9)</a></li>
1022
1023 <li><a href="http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/archive/2010/11/">November (13)</a></li>
1024
1025 <li><a href="http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/archive/2010/12/">December (12)</a></li>
1026
1027 </ul></li>
1028
1029 <li>2009
1030 <ul>
1031
1032 <li><a href="http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/archive/2009/01/">January (8)</a></li>
1033
1034 <li><a href="http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/archive/2009/02/">February (8)</a></li>
1035
1036 <li><a href="http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/archive/2009/03/">March (12)</a></li>
1037
1038 <li><a href="http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/archive/2009/04/">April (10)</a></li>
1039
1040 <li><a href="http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/archive/2009/05/">May (9)</a></li>
1041
1042 <li><a href="http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/archive/2009/06/">June (3)</a></li>
1043
1044 <li><a href="http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/archive/2009/07/">July (4)</a></li>
1045
1046 <li><a href="http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/archive/2009/08/">August (3)</a></li>
1047
1048 <li><a href="http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/archive/2009/09/">September (1)</a></li>
1049
1050 <li><a href="http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/archive/2009/10/">October (2)</a></li>
1051
1052 <li><a href="http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/archive/2009/11/">November (3)</a></li>
1053
1054 <li><a href="http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/archive/2009/12/">December (3)</a></li>
1055
1056 </ul></li>
1057
1058 <li>2008
1059 <ul>
1060
1061 <li><a href="http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/archive/2008/11/">November (5)</a></li>
1062
1063 <li><a href="http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/archive/2008/12/">December (7)</a></li>
1064
1065 </ul></li>
1066
1067 </ul>
1068
1069
1070
1071 <h2>Tags</h2>
1072 <ul>
1073
1074  <li><a href="http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/tags/3d-printer">3d-printer (13)</a></li>
1075
1076  <li><a href="http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/tags/amiga">amiga (1)</a></li>
1077
1078  <li><a href="http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/tags/aros">aros (1)</a></li>
1079
1080  <li><a href="http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/tags/bankid">bankid (4)</a></li>
1081
1082  <li><a href="http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/tags/bitcoin">bitcoin (6)</a></li>
1083
1084  <li><a href="http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/tags/bootsystem">bootsystem (12)</a></li>
1085
1086  <li><a href="http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/tags/bsa">bsa (2)</a></li>
1087
1088  <li><a href="http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/tags/debian">debian (70)</a></li>
1089
1090  <li><a href="http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/tags/debian edu">debian edu (118)</a></li>
1091
1092  <li><a href="http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/tags/digistan">digistan (9)</a></li>
1093
1094  <li><a href="http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/tags/docbook">docbook (7)</a></li>
1095
1096  <li><a href="http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/tags/drivstoffpriser">drivstoffpriser (4)</a></li>
1097
1098  <li><a href="http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/tags/english">english (176)</a></li>
1099
1100  <li><a href="http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/tags/fiksgatami">fiksgatami (21)</a></li>
1101
1102  <li><a href="http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/tags/fildeling">fildeling (12)</a></li>
1103
1104  <li><a href="http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/tags/freeculture">freeculture (10)</a></li>
1105
1106  <li><a href="http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/tags/frikanalen">frikanalen (9)</a></li>
1107
1108  <li><a href="http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/tags/intervju">intervju (32)</a></li>
1109
1110  <li><a href="http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/tags/isenkram">isenkram (5)</a></li>
1111
1112  <li><a href="http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/tags/kart">kart (17)</a></li>
1113
1114  <li><a href="http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/tags/ldap">ldap (8)</a></li>
1115
1116  <li><a href="http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/tags/lenker">lenker (6)</a></li>
1117
1118  <li><a href="http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/tags/ltsp">ltsp (1)</a></li>
1119
1120  <li><a href="http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/tags/multimedia">multimedia (25)</a></li>
1121
1122  <li><a href="http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/tags/norsk">norsk (221)</a></li>
1123
1124  <li><a href="http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/tags/nuug">nuug (148)</a></li>
1125
1126  <li><a href="http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/tags/offentlig innsyn">offentlig innsyn (6)</a></li>
1127
1128  <li><a href="http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/tags/open311">open311 (2)</a></li>
1129
1130  <li><a href="http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/tags/opphavsrett">opphavsrett (41)</a></li>
1131
1132  <li><a href="http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/tags/personvern">personvern (63)</a></li>
1133
1134  <li><a href="http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/tags/raid">raid (1)</a></li>
1135
1136  <li><a href="http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/tags/reprap">reprap (11)</a></li>
1137
1138  <li><a href="http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/tags/rfid">rfid (2)</a></li>
1139
1140  <li><a href="http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/tags/robot">robot (6)</a></li>
1141
1142  <li><a href="http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/tags/rss">rss (1)</a></li>
1143
1144  <li><a href="http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/tags/ruter">ruter (4)</a></li>
1145
1146  <li><a href="http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/tags/scraperwiki">scraperwiki (2)</a></li>
1147
1148  <li><a href="http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/tags/sikkerhet">sikkerhet (28)</a></li>
1149
1150  <li><a href="http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/tags/sitesummary">sitesummary (4)</a></li>
1151
1152  <li><a href="http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/tags/skepsis">skepsis (4)</a></li>
1153
1154  <li><a href="http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/tags/standard">standard (39)</a></li>
1155
1156  <li><a href="http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/tags/stavekontroll">stavekontroll (3)</a></li>
1157
1158  <li><a href="http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/tags/stortinget">stortinget (6)</a></li>
1159
1160  <li><a href="http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/tags/surveillance">surveillance (14)</a></li>
1161
1162  <li><a href="http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/tags/sysadmin">sysadmin (1)</a></li>
1163
1164  <li><a href="http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/tags/valg">valg (7)</a></li>
1165
1166  <li><a href="http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/tags/video">video (35)</a></li>
1167
1168  <li><a href="http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/tags/vitenskap">vitenskap (4)</a></li>
1169
1170  <li><a href="http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/tags/web">web (26)</a></li>
1171
1172 </ul>
1173
1174
1175     </div>
1176     <p style="text-align: right">
1177  Created by <a href="http://steve.org.uk/Software/chronicle">Chronicle v4.6</a>
1178 </p>
1179
1180   </body>
1181 </html>