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   5   <title>Petter Reinholdtsen</title>
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  13   <h1>
  14        <a href="http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/">Petter Reinholdtsen</a>
  15
  16   </h1>
  17
  18  </div>
  19
  20
  21
  22  <div class="entry">
  23   <div class="title"><a href="http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/Lenny__Squeeze_upgrades__removals_by_apt_and_aptitude.html">Lenny->Squeeze upgrades, removals by apt and aptitude</a></div>
  24   <div class="date">2010-06-13 09:05</div>
  25   <div class="body">
  26 <p>My
  27 <a href="http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/Automatic_upgrade_testing_from_Lenny_to_Squeeze.html">testing
  28 of Debian upgrades</a> from Lenny to Squeeze continues, and I've
  29 finally made the upgrade logs available from
  30 <a href="http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/debian-upgrade-testing/">http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/debian-upgrade-testing/</a>.
  31 I am now testing dist-upgrade of Gnome and KDE in a chroot using both
  32 apt and aptitude, and found their differences interesting.  This time
  33 I will only focus on their removal plans.</p>
  34
  35 <p>After installing a Gnome desktop and the laptop task, apt-get wants
  36 to remove 72 packages when dist-upgrading from Lenny to Squeeze.  The
  37 surprising part is that it want to remove xorg and all
  38 xserver-xorg-video* drivers.  Clearly not a good choice, but I am not
  39 sure why.  When asking aptitude to do the same, it want to remove 129
  40 packages, but most of them are library packages I suspect are no
  41 longer needed.  Both of them want to remove bluetooth packages, which
  42 I do not know.  Perhaps these bluetooth packages are obsolete?</p>
  43
  44 <p>For KDE, apt-get want to remove 82 packages, among them kdebase
  45 which seem like a bad idea and xorg the same way as with Gnome. Asking
  46 aptitude for the same, it wants to remove 192 packages, none which are
  47 too surprising.</p>
  48
  49 <p>I guess the removal of xorg during upgrades should be investigated
  50 and avoided, and perhaps others as well.  Here are the complete list
  51 of planned removals.  The complete logs is available from the URL
  52 above.  Note if you want to repeat these tests, that the upgrade test
  53 for kde+apt-get hung in the tasksel setup because of dpkg asking
  54 conffile questions.  No idea why.  I worked around it by using
  55 '<tt>echo >> /proc/<em>pidofdpkg</em>/fd/0</tt>' to tell dpkg to
  56 continue.</p>
  57
  58 <p><b>apt-get gnome 72</b>
  59 <br>bluez-gnome cupsddk-drivers deskbar-applet gnome
  60   gnome-desktop-environment gnome-network-admin gtkhtml3.14
  61   iceweasel-gnome-support libavcodec51 libdatrie0 libgdl-1-0
  62   libgnomekbd2 libgnomekbdui2 libmetacity0 libslab0 libxcb-xlib0
  63   nautilus-cd-burner python-gnome2-desktop python-gnome2-extras
  64   serpentine swfdec-mozilla update-manager xorg xserver-xorg
  65   xserver-xorg-core xserver-xorg-input-all xserver-xorg-input-evdev
  66   xserver-xorg-input-kbd xserver-xorg-input-mouse
  67   xserver-xorg-input-synaptics xserver-xorg-input-wacom
  68   xserver-xorg-video-all xserver-xorg-video-apm xserver-xorg-video-ark
  69   xserver-xorg-video-ati xserver-xorg-video-chips
  70   xserver-xorg-video-cirrus xserver-xorg-video-cyrix
  71   xserver-xorg-video-dummy xserver-xorg-video-fbdev
  72   xserver-xorg-video-glint xserver-xorg-video-i128
  73   xserver-xorg-video-i740 xserver-xorg-video-imstt
  74   xserver-xorg-video-intel xserver-xorg-video-mach64
  75   xserver-xorg-video-mga xserver-xorg-video-neomagic
  76   xserver-xorg-video-nsc xserver-xorg-video-nv
  77   xserver-xorg-video-openchrome xserver-xorg-video-r128
  78   xserver-xorg-video-radeon xserver-xorg-video-radeonhd
  79   xserver-xorg-video-rendition xserver-xorg-video-s3
  80   xserver-xorg-video-s3virge xserver-xorg-video-savage
  81   xserver-xorg-video-siliconmotion xserver-xorg-video-sis
  82   xserver-xorg-video-sisusb xserver-xorg-video-tdfx
  83   xserver-xorg-video-tga xserver-xorg-video-trident
  84   xserver-xorg-video-tseng xserver-xorg-video-v4l
  85   xserver-xorg-video-vesa xserver-xorg-video-vga
  86   xserver-xorg-video-vmware xserver-xorg-video-voodoo xulrunner-1.9
  87   xulrunner-1.9-gnome-support</p>
  88
  89 <p><b>aptitude gnome 129</b>
  90
  91 <br>bluez-gnome bluez-utils cpp-4.3 cupsddk-drivers dhcdbd
  92   djvulibre-desktop finger gnome-app-install gnome-mount
  93   gnome-network-admin gnome-spell gnome-vfs-obexftp
  94   gnome-volume-manager gstreamer0.10-gnomevfs gtkhtml3.14 libao2
  95   libavahi-compat-libdnssd1 libavahi-core5 libavcodec51 libbluetooth2
  96   libcamel1.2-11 libcdio7 libcucul0 libcupsys2 libcurl3 libdatrie0
  97   libdirectfb-1.0-0 libdvdread3 libedataserver1.2-9 libeel2-2.20
  98   libeel2-data libepc-1.0-1 libepc-ui-1.0-1 libfaad0 libgail-common
  99   libgd2-noxpm libgda3-3 libgda3-common libgdl-1-0 libgdl-1-common
 100   libggz2 libggzcore9 libggzmod4 libgksu1.2-0 libgksuui1.0-1 libgmyth0
 101   libgnomecups1.0-1 libgnomekbd2 libgnomekbdui2 libgnomeprint2.2-0
 102   libgnomeprint2.2-data libgnomeprintui2.2-0 libgnomeprintui2.2-common
 103   libgnomevfs2-bin libgpod3 libgraphviz4 libgtkhtml2-0
 104   libgtksourceview-common libgtksourceview1.0-0 libgucharmap6
 105   libhesiod0 libicu38 libiw29 libkpathsea4 libltdl3 libmagick++10
 106   libmagick10 libmalaga7 libmetacity0 libmtp7 libmysqlclient15off
 107   libnautilus-burn4 libneon27 libnm-glib0 libnm-util0 libopal-2.2
 108   libosp5 libparted1.8-10 libpoppler-glib3 libpoppler3 libpt-1.10.10
 109   libpt-1.10.10-plugins-alsa libpt-1.10.10-plugins-v4l libraw1394-8
 110   libsensors3 libslab0 libsmbios2 libsoup2.2-8 libssh2-1
 111   libsuitesparse-3.1.0 libswfdec-0.6-90 libtalloc1 libtotem-plparser10
 112   libtrackerclient0 libxalan2-java libxalan2-java-gcj libxcb-xlib0
 113   libxerces2-java libxerces2-java-gcj libxklavier12 libxtrap6
 114   libxxf86misc1 libzephyr3 mysql-common nautilus-cd-burner
 115   openoffice.org-writer2latex openssl-blacklist p7zip
 116   python-4suite-xml python-eggtrayicon python-gnome2-desktop
 117   python-gnome2-extras python-gtkhtml2 python-gtkmozembed
 118   python-numeric python-sexy serpentine svgalibg1 swfdec-gnome
 119   swfdec-mozilla totem-gstreamer update-manager wodim
 120   xserver-xorg-video-cyrix xserver-xorg-video-imstt
 121   xserver-xorg-video-nsc xserver-xorg-video-v4l xserver-xorg-video-vga
 122   zip</p>
 123
 124 <p><b>apt-get kde 82</b>
 125
 126 <br>cupsddk-drivers karm kaudiocreator kcoloredit kcontrol kde kde-core
 127   kdeaddons kdeartwork kdebase kdebase-bin kdebase-bin-kde3
 128   kdebase-kio-plugins kdesktop kdeutils khelpcenter kicker
 129   kicker-applets knewsticker kolourpaint konq-plugins konqueror korn
 130   kpersonalizer kscreensaver ksplash libavcodec51 libdatrie0 libkiten1
 131   libxcb-xlib0 quanta superkaramba texlive-base-bin xorg xserver-xorg
 132   xserver-xorg-core xserver-xorg-input-all xserver-xorg-input-evdev
 133   xserver-xorg-input-kbd xserver-xorg-input-mouse
 134   xserver-xorg-input-synaptics xserver-xorg-input-wacom
 135   xserver-xorg-video-all xserver-xorg-video-apm xserver-xorg-video-ark
 136   xserver-xorg-video-ati xserver-xorg-video-chips
 137   xserver-xorg-video-cirrus xserver-xorg-video-cyrix
 138   xserver-xorg-video-dummy xserver-xorg-video-fbdev
 139   xserver-xorg-video-glint xserver-xorg-video-i128
 140   xserver-xorg-video-i740 xserver-xorg-video-imstt
 141   xserver-xorg-video-intel xserver-xorg-video-mach64
 142   xserver-xorg-video-mga xserver-xorg-video-neomagic
 143   xserver-xorg-video-nsc xserver-xorg-video-nv
 144   xserver-xorg-video-openchrome xserver-xorg-video-r128
 145   xserver-xorg-video-radeon xserver-xorg-video-radeonhd
 146   xserver-xorg-video-rendition xserver-xorg-video-s3
 147   xserver-xorg-video-s3virge xserver-xorg-video-savage
 148   xserver-xorg-video-siliconmotion xserver-xorg-video-sis
 149   xserver-xorg-video-sisusb xserver-xorg-video-tdfx
 150   xserver-xorg-video-tga xserver-xorg-video-trident
 151   xserver-xorg-video-tseng xserver-xorg-video-v4l
 152   xserver-xorg-video-vesa xserver-xorg-video-vga
 153   xserver-xorg-video-vmware xserver-xorg-video-voodoo xulrunner-1.9</p>
 154
 155 <p><b>aptitude kde 192</b>
 156 <br>bluez-utils cpp-4.3 cupsddk-drivers cvs dcoprss dhcdbd
 157   djvulibre-desktop dosfstools eyesapplet fifteenapplet finger gettext
 158   ghostscript-x imlib-base imlib11 indi kandy karm kasteroids
 159   kaudiocreator kbackgammon kbstate kcoloredit kcontrol kcron kdat
 160   kdeadmin-kfile-plugins kdeartwork-misc kdeartwork-theme-window
 161   kdebase-bin-kde3 kdebase-kio-plugins kdeedu-data
 162   kdegraphics-kfile-plugins kdelirc kdemultimedia-kappfinder-data
 163   kdemultimedia-kfile-plugins kdenetwork-kfile-plugins
 164   kdepim-kfile-plugins kdepim-kio-plugins kdeprint kdesktop kdessh
 165   kdict kdnssd kdvi kedit keduca kenolaba kfax kfaxview kfouleggs
 166   kghostview khelpcenter khexedit kiconedit kitchensync klatin
 167   klickety kmailcvt kmenuedit kmid kmilo kmoon kmrml kodo kolourpaint
 168   kooka korn kpager kpdf kpercentage kpf kpilot kpoker kpovmodeler
 169   krec kregexpeditor ksayit ksim ksirc ksirtet ksmiletris ksmserver
 170   ksnake ksokoban ksplash ksvg ksysv ktip ktnef kuickshow kverbos
 171   kview kviewshell kvoctrain kwifimanager kwin kwin4 kworldclock
 172   kxsldbg libakode2 libao2 libarts1-akode libarts1-audiofile
 173   libarts1-mpeglib libarts1-xine libavahi-compat-libdnssd1
 174   libavahi-core5 libavc1394-0 libavcodec51 libbluetooth2
 175   libboost-python1.34.1 libcucul0 libcurl3 libcvsservice0 libdatrie0
 176   libdirectfb-1.0-0 libdjvulibre21 libdvdread3 libfaad0 libfreebob0
 177   libgail-common libgd2-noxpm libgraphviz4 libgsmme1c2a libgtkhtml2-0
 178   libicu38 libiec61883-0 libindex0 libiw29 libk3b3 libkcal2b libkcddb1
 179   libkdeedu3 libkdepim1a libkgantt0 libkiten1 libkleopatra1 libkmime2
 180   libkpathsea4 libkpimexchange1 libkpimidentities1 libkscan1
 181   libksieve0 libktnef1 liblockdev1 libltdl3 libmagick10 libmimelib1c2a
 182   libmozjs1d libmpcdec3 libneon27 libnm-util0 libopensync0 libpisock9
 183   libpoppler-glib3 libpoppler-qt2 libpoppler3 libraw1394-8 libsmbios2
 184   libssh2-1 libsuitesparse-3.1.0 libtalloc1 libtiff-tools
 185   libxalan2-java libxalan2-java-gcj libxcb-xlib0 libxerces2-java
 186   libxerces2-java-gcj libxtrap6 mpeglib networkstatus
 187   openoffice.org-writer2latex pmount poster psutils quanta quanta-data
 188   superkaramba svgalibg1 tex-common texlive-base texlive-base-bin
 189   texlive-common texlive-doc-base texlive-fonts-recommended
 190   xserver-xorg-video-cyrix xserver-xorg-video-imstt
 191   xserver-xorg-video-nsc xserver-xorg-video-v4l xserver-xorg-video-vga
 192   xulrunner-1.9</p>
 193
 194 </div>
 195   <div class="tags">
 196
 197
 198
 199    Tags: <a href="http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/tags/debian">debian</a>, <a href="http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/tags/debian edu">debian edu</a>, <a href="http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/tags/english">english</a>.
 200
 201   </div>
 202  </div>
 203  <div class="padding"></div>
 204
 205  <div class="entry">
 206   <div class="title"><a href="http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/__pne_tr__dl__snett_er_et_samfunnsgode.html">Åpne trådløsnett er et samfunnsgode</a></div>
 207   <div class="date">2010-06-12 12:45</div>
 208   <div class="body">
 209 <p>Veldig glad for å oppdage via
 210 <a href="http://yro.slashdot.org/story/10/06/11/1841256/Finland-To-Legalize-Use-of-Unsecured-Wi-Fi">Slashdot</a>
 211 at folk i Finland har forstått at åpne trådløsnett er et samfunnsgode.
 212 Jeg ser på åpne trådløsnett som et fellesgode på linje med retten til
 213 ferdsel i utmark og retten til å bevege seg i strandsonen.  Jeg har
 214 glede av åpne trådløsnett når jeg finner dem, og deler gladelig nett
 215 med andre så lenge de ikke forstyrrer min bruk av eget nett.
 216 Nettkapasiteten er sjelden en begrensning ved normal browsing og enkel
 217 SSH-innlogging (som er min vanligste nettbruk), og nett kan brukes til
 218 så mye positivt og nyttig (som nyhetslesing, sjekke været, kontakte
 219 slekt og venner, holde seg oppdatert om politiske saker, kontakte
 220 organisasjoner og politikere, etc), at det for meg er helt urimelig å
 221 blokkere dette for alle som ikke gjør en flue fortred.  De som mener
 222 at potensialet for misbruk er grunn nok til å hindre all den positive
 223 og lovlydige bruken av et åpent trådløsnett har jeg dermed ingen
 224 forståelse for.  En kan ikke eksistensen av forbrytere styre hvordan
 225 samfunnet skal organiseres.  Da får en et kontrollsamfunn de færreste
 226 ønsker å leve i, og det at vi har et samfunn i Norge der tilliten til
 227 hverandre er høy gjør at samfunnet fungerer ganske godt.  Det bør vi
 228 anstrenge oss for å beholde.</p>
 229 </div>
 230   <div class="tags">
 231
 232
 233
 234    Tags: <a href="http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/tags/fildeling">fildeling</a>, <a href="http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/tags/norsk">norsk</a>, <a href="http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/tags/nuug">nuug</a>, <a href="http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/tags/opphavsrett">opphavsrett</a>, <a href="http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/tags/personvern">personvern</a>, <a href="http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/tags/sikkerhet">sikkerhet</a>.
 235
 236   </div>
 237  </div>
 238  <div class="padding"></div>
 239
 240  <div class="entry">
 241   <div class="title"><a href="http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/Automatic_upgrade_testing_from_Lenny_to_Squeeze.html">Automatic upgrade testing from Lenny to Squeeze</a></div>
 242   <div class="date">2010-06-11 22:50</div>
 243   <div class="body">
 244 <p>The last few days I have done some upgrade testing in Debian, to
 245 see if the upgrade from Lenny to Squeeze will go smoothly.  A few bugs
 246 have been discovered and reported in the process
 247 (<a href="http://bugs.debian.org/585410">#585410</a> in nagios3-cgi,
 248 <a href="http://bugs.debian.org/584879">#584879</a> already fixed in
 249 enscript and <a href="http://bugs.debian.org/584861">#584861</a> in
 250 kdebase-workspace-data), and to get a more regular testing going on, I
 251 am working on a script to automate the test.</p>
 252
 253 <p>The idea is to create a Lenny chroot and use tasksel to install a
 254 Gnome or KDE desktop installation inside the chroot before upgrading
 255 it.  To ensure no services are started in the chroot, a policy-rc.d
 256 script is inserted.  To make sure tasksel believe it is to install a
 257 desktop on a laptop, the tasksel tests are replaced in the chroot
 258 (only acceptable because this is a throw-away chroot).</p>
 259
 260 <p>A naive upgrade from Lenny to Squeeze using aptitude dist-upgrade
 261 currently always fail because udev refuses to upgrade with the kernel
 262 in Lenny, so to avoid that problem the file /etc/udev/kernel-upgrade
 263 is created.  The bug report
 264 <a href="http://bugs.debian.org/566000">#566000</a> make me suspect
 265 this problem do not trigger in a chroot, but I touch the file anyway
 266 to make sure the upgrade go well.  Testing on virtual and real
 267 hardware have failed me because of udev so far, and creating this file
 268 do the trick in such settings anyway.  This is a
 269 <a href="http://www.linuxquestions.org/questions/debian-26/failed-dist-upgrade-due-to-udev-config_sysfs_deprecated-nonsense-804130/">known
 270 issue</a> and the current udev behaviour is intended by the udev
 271 maintainer because he lack the resources to rewrite udev to keep
 272 working with old kernels or something like that.  I really wish the
 273 udev upstream would keep udev backwards compatible, to avoid such
 274 upgrade problem, but given that they fail to do so, I guess
 275 documenting the way out of this mess is the best option we got for
 276 Debian Squeeze.</p>
 277
 278 <p>Anyway, back to the task at hand, testing upgrades.  This test
 279 script, which I call <tt>upgrade-test</tt> for now, is doing the
 280 trick:</p>
 281
 282 <blockquote><pre>
 283 #!/bin/sh
 284 set -ex
 285
 286 if [ "$1" ] ; then
 287     desktop=$1
 288 else
 289     desktop=gnome
 290 fi
 291
 292 from=lenny
 293 to=squeeze
 294
 295 exec &lt; /dev/null
 296 unset LANG
 297 mirror=http://ftp.skolelinux.org/debian
 298 tmpdir=chroot-$from-upgrade-$to-$desktop
 299 fuser -mv .
 300 debootstrap $from $tmpdir $mirror
 301 chroot $tmpdir aptitude update
 302 cat > $tmpdir/usr/sbin/policy-rc.d &lt;&lt;EOF
 303 #!/bin/sh
 304 exit 101
 305 EOF
 306 chmod a+rx $tmpdir/usr/sbin/policy-rc.d
 307 exit_cleanup() {
 308     umount $tmpdir/proc
 309 }
 310 mount -t proc proc $tmpdir/proc
 311 # Make sure proc is unmounted also on failure
 312 trap exit_cleanup EXIT INT
 313
 314 chroot $tmpdir aptitude -y install debconf-utils
 315
 316 # Make sure tasksel autoselection trigger.  It need the test scripts
 317 # to return the correct answers.
 318 echo tasksel tasksel/desktop multiselect $desktop | \
 319     chroot $tmpdir debconf-set-selections
 320
 321 # Include the desktop and laptop task
 322 for test in desktop laptop ; do
 323     echo > $tmpdir/usr/lib/tasksel/tests/$test &lt;&lt;EOF
 324 #!/bin/sh
 325 exit 2
 326 EOF
 327     chmod a+rx $tmpdir/usr/lib/tasksel/tests/$test
 328 done
 329
 330 DEBIAN_FRONTEND=noninteractive
 331 DEBIAN_PRIORITY=critical
 332 export DEBIAN_FRONTEND DEBIAN_PRIORITY
 333 chroot $tmpdir tasksel --new-install
 334
 335 echo deb $mirror $to main > $tmpdir/etc/apt/sources.list
 336 chroot $tmpdir aptitude update
 337 touch $tmpdir/etc/udev/kernel-upgrade
 338 chroot $tmpdir aptitude -y dist-upgrade
 339 fuser -mv
 340 </pre></blockquote>
 341
 342 <p>I suspect it would be useful to test upgrades with both apt-get and
 343 with aptitude, but I have not had time to look at how they behave
 344 differently so far.  I hope to get a cron job running to do the test
 345 regularly and post the result on the web.  The Gnome upgrade currently
 346 work, while the KDE upgrade fail because of the bug in
 347 kdebase-workspace-data</p>
 348
 349 <p>I am not quite sure what kind of extract from the huge upgrade logs
 350 (KDE 167 KiB, Gnome 516 KiB) it make sense to include in this blog
 351 post, so I will refrain from trying.  I can report that for Gnome,
 352 aptitude report 760 packages upgraded, 448 newly installed, 129 to
 353 remove and 1 not upgraded and 1024MB need to be downloaded while for
 354 KDE the same numbers are 702 packages upgraded, 507 newly installed,
 355 193 to remove and 0 not upgraded and 1117MB need to be downloaded</p>
 356
 357 <p>I am very happy to notice that the Gnome desktop + laptop upgrade
 358 is able to migrate to dependency based boot sequencing and parallel
 359 booting without a hitch.  Was unsure if there were still bugs with
 360 packages failing to clean up their obsolete init.d script during
 361 upgrades, and no such problem seem to affect the Gnome desktop+laptop
 362 packages.</p>
 363 </div>
 364   <div class="tags">
 365
 366
 367
 368    Tags: <a href="http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/tags/bootsystem">bootsystem</a>, <a href="http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/tags/debian">debian</a>, <a href="http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/tags/debian edu">debian edu</a>, <a href="http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/tags/english">english</a>.
 369
 370   </div>
 371  </div>
 372  <div class="padding"></div>
 373
 374  <div class="entry">
 375   <div class="title"><a href="http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/Skolelinux_er_laget_for_sentraldrifting__naturligvis.html">Skolelinux er laget for sentraldrifting, naturligvis</a></div>
 376   <div class="date">2010-06-09 12:30</div>
 377   <div class="body">
 378 <p>Det er merkelig hvordan myter om Skolelinux overlever.  En slik
 379 myte er at Skolelinux ikke kan sentraldriftes og ha sentralt plasserte
 380 tjenermaskiner.  I siste Computerworld Norge er
 381 <a href="http://www.idg.no/computerworld/article169432.ece">IT-sjef
 382 Viggo Billdal i Steinkjer intervjuet</a>, og forteller uten
 383 blygsel:</p>
 384
 385 <blockquote><p>Vi hadde Skolelinux, men det har vi sluttet med. Vi testet
 386 om det lønte seg med Microsoft eller en åpen plattform. Vi fant ut at
 387 Microsoft egentlig var totalt sett bedre egnet. Det var store
 388 driftskostnader med Skolelinux, blant annet på grunn av
 389 desentraliserte servere. Det var komplisert, så vi gikk vekk fra det
 390 og bruker nå bare Windows.</p></blockquote>
 391
 392 <p>En <a
 393 href="https://init.linpro.no/pipermail/skolelinux.no/bruker/2010-June/009101.html">rask
 394 sjekk</a> mot den norske brukerlista i Skolelinuxprosjektet forteller
 395 at Steinkjers forsøk foregikk fram til 2004/2005, og at Røysing skole
 396 i Steinkjer skal ha vært svært fornøyd med Skolelinux men at kommunen
 397 overkjørte skolen og krevde at de gikk over til Windows.  Et søk på
 398 nettet sendte meg til
 399 <a href="http://www.dn.no/multimedia/archive/00090/Dagens_it_nr__18_90826a.pdf">Dagens
 400 IT nr. 18 2005</a> hvor en kan lese på side 18:</p>
 401
 402 <blockquote><p>Inge Tømmerås ved Røysing skole i Steinkjer kjører ennå
 403 Microsoft, men forteller at kompetanseutfordringen med Skolelinux ikke
 404 var så stor.   Jeg syntes Skolelinux var utrolig lett å drifte uten
 405 forkunnskaper. Men man må jo selvsagt ha tilgang på ekstern kompetanse
 406 til installasjoner og maskinvarefeil, sier Tømmerås.</p></blockquote>
 407
 408 <p>Som systemarkitekten bak Skolelinux, kan jeg bare riste på hodet
 409 over påstanden om at Skolelinux krever desentraliserte tjenere.
 410 Skolelinux-arkitekturen er laget for sentralisert drift og plassering
 411 av tjenerne lokalt eller sentralt alt etter behov og nettkapasitet.
 412 Den er modellert på nettverks- og tjenerløsningen som brukes på
 413 Universitetet i Tromsø og Oslo, der jeg jobber med utvikling av
 414 driftstjenester.  Dette er det heldigvis noen som har fått med seg, og
 415 jeg er glad for å kunne sitere fra en kommentar på den overnevnte
 416 artikkelen.  Min venn og gamle kollega Sturle Sunde forteller der:
 417
 418 <blockquote>
 419 <p>I Flora kommune køyrer vi Skulelinux på skular med alt frå 15 til
 420 meir enn 500 elevar. Dei store skulane har eigen tenar, for det er
 421 mest praktisk. Eg, som er driftsansvarleg for heile nettet, ser
 422 sjeldan dei tenarane fysisk, men at dei står der gjer skulane mindre
 423 avhengige av eksterne linjer som er trege eller dyre. Dei minste
 424 skulane har ikkje eigen tenar. Å bruke sentral tenar er heller ikkje
 425 noko problem. Småskulane klarar seg fint med 1 mbit-linje til ein
 426 sentral tenar eller tenaren på ein større skule.</p>
 427
 428 <p>Det beste med Skulelinux er halvtjukke klientar. Dei treng ikkje
 429 harddisk og brukar minimalt med ressursar på tenaren fordi dei køyrer
 430 programma lokalt. Eit klasserom med 30 sju-åtte år gamle maskiner har
 431 mykje meir CPU og RAM totalt enn nokon moderne tenar til under
 432 millionen. Det trengst to kommandoar på den sentrale tenaren for å
 433 oppdatere alle klientane, både tynne og halvtjukke. Vi har ingen
 434 problem med diskar som ryk heller, som var eit problem før fordi
 435 elevane sat og sparka i maskinene. Og dei krev lite bandbreidde i
 436 nettet, so det er fullt mogleg å køyre slike på småskular med trege
 437 linjer mot tenaren på ein større skule.</p>
 438
 439 <p>Flora kommune har nesten 800 Linux-maskiner i sitt skulenett, og
 440 ein person som tek seg av drift av heile nettet, inkludert tenarar,
 441 klientar, operativsystem, programvare, heimekontorløysing og
 442 administrasjon av brukarar.</p>
 443
 444 <p>No skal det seiast at vi ikkje køyrer rein Skulelinux ut av
 445 boksen. Vi har gjort ein del tilpassingar mot noko Novell-greier som
 446 var der frå før, og som har komplisert installasjonen vår. Etter at
 447 oppsettet var gjort har løysinga vore stabil og kravd minimalt med
 448 arbeid.</p>
 449 </blockquote>
 450
 451 <p>Jeg vet at Narvik, Harstad og Oslo er kommuner der Skolelinux
 452 sentraldriftes med sentrale tjenere.  Det forteller meg at Steinkjers
 453 IT-sjef neppe bør skylde på Skolelinux-løsningen for sine 5 år gamle
 454 minner.</p>
 455 </div>
 456   <div class="tags">
 457
 458
 459
 460    Tags: <a href="http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/tags/debian edu">debian edu</a>, <a href="http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/tags/norsk">norsk</a>, <a href="http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/tags/nuug">nuug</a>.
 461
 462   </div>
 463  </div>
 464  <div class="padding"></div>
 465
 466  <div class="entry">
 467   <div class="title"><a href="http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/Upstart_or_sysvinit___as_init_d_scripts_see_it.html">Upstart or sysvinit - as init.d scripts see it</a></div>
 468   <div class="date">2010-06-06 23:55</div>
 469   <div class="body">
 470 <p>If Debian is to migrate to upstart on Linux, I expect some init.d
 471 scripts to migrate (some of) their operations to upstart job while
 472 keeping the init.d for hurd and kfreebsd.  The packages with such
 473 needs will need a way to get their init.d scripts to behave
 474 differently when used with sysvinit and with upstart.  Because of
 475 this, I had a look at the environment variables set when a init.d
 476 script is running under upstart, and when it is not.</p>
 477
 478 <p>With upstart, I notice these environment variables are set when a
 479 script is started from rcS.d/ (ignoring some irrelevant ones like
 480 COLUMNS):</p>
 481
 482 <blockquote><pre>
 483 DEFAULT_RUNLEVEL=2
 484 previous=N
 485 PREVLEVEL=
 486 RUNLEVEL=
 487 runlevel=S
 488 UPSTART_EVENTS=startup
 489 UPSTART_INSTANCE=
 490 UPSTART_JOB=rc-sysinit
 491 </pre></blockquote>
 492
 493 <p>With sysvinit, these environment variables are set for the same
 494 script.</p>
 495
 496 <blockquote><pre>
 497 INIT_VERSION=sysvinit-2.88
 498 previous=N
 499 PREVLEVEL=N
 500 RUNLEVEL=S
 501 runlevel=S
 502 </pre></blockquote>
 503
 504 <p>The RUNLEVEL and PREVLEVEL environment variables passed on from
 505 sysvinit are not set by upstart.  Not sure if it is intentional or not
 506 to not be compatible with sysvinit in this regard.</p>
 507
 508 <p>For scripts needing to behave differently when upstart is used,
 509 looking for the UPSTART_JOB environment variable seem to be a good
 510 choice.</p>
 511 </div>
 512   <div class="tags">
 513
 514
 515
 516    Tags: <a href="http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/tags/bootsystem">bootsystem</a>, <a href="http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/tags/debian">debian</a>, <a href="http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/tags/english">english</a>.
 517
 518   </div>
 519  </div>
 520  <div class="padding"></div>
 521
 522  <div class="entry">
 523   <div class="title"><a href="http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/A_manual_for_standards_wars___.html">A manual for standards wars...</a></div>
 524   <div class="date">2010-06-06 14:15</div>
 525   <div class="body">
 526 <p>Via the
 527 <a href="http://feedproxy.google.com/~r/robweir/antic-atom/~3/QzU4RgoAGMg/weekly-links-10.html">blog
 528 of Rob Weir</a> I came across the very interesting essay named
 529 <a href="http://faculty.haas.berkeley.edu/shapiro/wars.pdf">The Art of
 530 Standards Wars</a> (PDF 25 pages).  I recommend it for everyone
 531 following the standards wars of today.</p>
 532 </div>
 533   <div class="tags">
 534
 535
 536
 537    Tags: <a href="http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/tags/debian">debian</a>, <a href="http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/tags/debian edu">debian edu</a>, <a href="http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/tags/english">english</a>, <a href="http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/tags/standard">standard</a>.
 538
 539   </div>
 540  </div>
 541  <div class="padding"></div>
 542
 543  <div class="entry">
 544   <div class="title"><a href="http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/Sitesummary_tip__Listing_computer_hardware_models_used_at_site.html">Sitesummary tip: Listing computer hardware models used at site</a></div>
 545   <div class="date">2010-06-03 12:05</div>
 546   <div class="body">
 547 <p>When using sitesummary at a site to track machines, it is possible
 548 to get a list of the machine types in use thanks to the DMI
 549 information extracted from each machine.  The script to do so is
 550 included in the sitesummary package, and here is example output from
 551 the Skolelinux build servers:</p>
 552
 553 <blockquote><pre>
 554 maintainer:~# /usr/lib/sitesummary/hardware-model-summary
 555   vendor                    count
 556   Dell Computer Corporation     1
 557     PowerEdge 1750              1
 558   IBM                           1
 559     eserver xSeries 345 -[8670M1X]-     1
 560   Intel                         2
 561   [no-dmi-info]                 3
 562 maintainer:~#
 563 </pre></blockquote>
 564
 565 <p>The quality of the report depend on the quality of the DMI tables
 566 provided in each machine.  Here there are Intel machines without model
 567 information listed with Intel as vendor and mo model, and virtual Xen
 568 machines listed as [no-dmi-info].  One can add -l as a command line
 569 option to list the individual machines.</p>
 570
 571 <p>A larger list is
 572 <a href="http://narvikskolen.no/sitesummary/">available from the the
 573 city of Narvik</a>, which uses Skolelinux on all their shools and also
 574 provide the basic sitesummary report publicly.  In their report there
 575 are ~1400 machines. I know they use both Ubuntu and Skolelinux on
 576 their machines, and as sitesummary is available in both distributions,
 577 it is trivial to get all of them to report to the same central
 578 collector.</p>
 579 </div>
 580   <div class="tags">
 581
 582
 583
 584    Tags: <a href="http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/tags/debian">debian</a>, <a href="http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/tags/debian edu">debian edu</a>, <a href="http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/tags/english">english</a>, <a href="http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/tags/sitesummary">sitesummary</a>.
 585
 586   </div>
 587  </div>
 588  <div class="padding"></div>
 589
 590  <div class="entry">
 591   <div class="title"><a href="http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/Togsatsing_p___norsk__mot_sykkel.html">Togsatsing på norsk, mot sykkel</a></div>
 592   <div class="date">2010-06-02 23:45</div>
 593   <div class="body">
 594 <p>Det står dårlig til med toget når en finner på å la det
 595 <a href="http://www.aftenposten.no/nyheter/iriks/article3677060.ece">kappkjøre
 596 med sykkel</a>...  Jeg tror det trengs strukturendringer for å få
 597 fikset på togproblemene i Norge.</p>
 598
 599 <p>Mon tro hva toglinje mellom Narvik og Tromsø ville hatt slags
 600 effekt på området der?</p>
 601 </div>
 602   <div class="tags">
 603
 604
 605
 606    Tags: <a href="http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/tags/norsk">norsk</a>.
 607
 608   </div>
 609  </div>
 610  <div class="padding"></div>
 611
 612  <div class="entry">
 613   <div class="title"><a href="http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/KDM_fail_at_boot_with_NVidia_cards___and_no_one_try_to_fix_it_.html">KDM fail at boot with NVidia cards - and no one try to fix it?</a></div>
 614   <div class="date">2010-06-01 17:05</div>
 615   <div class="body">
 616 <p>It is strange to watch how a bug in Debian causing KDM to fail to
 617 start at boot when an NVidia video card is used is handled.  The
 618 problem seem to be that the nvidia X.org driver uses a long time to
 619 initialize, and this duration is longer than kdm is configured to
 620 wait.</p>
 621
 622 <p>I came across two bugs related to this issue,
 623 <a href="http://bugs.debian.org/583312">#583312</a> initially filed
 624 against initscripts and passed on to nvidia-glx when it became obvious
 625 that the nvidia drivers were involved, and
 626 <a href="http://bugs.debian.org/524751">#524751</a> initially filed against
 627 kdm and passed on to src:nvidia-graphics-drivers for unknown reasons.</p>
 628
 629 <p>To me, it seem that no-one is interested in actually solving the
 630 problem nvidia video card owners experience and make sure the Debian
 631 distribution work out of the box for these users.  The nvidia driver
 632 maintainers expect kdm to be set up to wait longer, while kdm expect
 633 the nvidia driver maintainers to fix the driver to start faster, and
 634 while they wait for each other I guess the users end up switching to a
 635 distribution that work for them.  I have no idea what the solution is,
 636 but I am pretty sure that waiting for each other is not it.</p>
 637
 638 <p>I wonder why we end up handling bugs this way.</p>
 639 </div>
 640   <div class="tags">
 641
 642
 643
 644    Tags: <a href="http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/tags/bootsystem">bootsystem</a>, <a href="http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/tags/debian">debian</a>, <a href="http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/tags/debian edu">debian edu</a>, <a href="http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/tags/english">english</a>.
 645
 646   </div>
 647  </div>
 648  <div class="padding"></div>
 649
 650  <div class="entry">
 651   <div class="title"><a href="http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/Parallellized_boot_seem_to_hold_up_well_in_Debian_testing.html">Parallellized boot seem to hold up well in Debian/testing</a></div>
 652   <div class="date">2010-05-27 23:55</div>
 653   <div class="body">
 654 <p>A few days ago, parallel booting was enabled in Debian/testing.
 655 The feature seem to hold up pretty well, but three fairly serious
 656 issues are known and should be solved:
 657
 658 <p><ul>
 659
 660 <li>The wicd package seen to
 661 <a href="http://bugs.debian.org/508289">break NFS mounting</a> and
 662 <a href="http://bugs.debian.org/581586">network setup</a> when
 663 parallel booting is enabled.  No idea why, but the wicd maintainer
 664 seem to be on the case.</li>
 665
 666 <li>The nvidia X driver seem to
 667 <a href="http://bugs.debian.org/583312">have a race condition</a>
 668 triggered more easily when parallel booting is in effect.  The
 669 maintainer is on the case.</li>
 670
 671 <li>The sysv-rc package fail to properly enable dependency based boot
 672 sequencing (the shutdown is broken) when old file-rc users
 673 <a href="http://bugs.debian.org/575080">try to switch back</a> to
 674 sysv-rc.  One way to solve it would be for file-rc to create
 675 /etc/init.d/.legacy-bootordering, and another is to try to make
 676 sysv-rc more robust.  Will investigate some more and probably upload a
 677 workaround in sysv-rc to help those trying to move from file-rc to
 678 sysv-rc get a working shutdown.</li>
 679
 680 </ul></p>
 681
 682 <p>All in all not many surprising issues, and all of them seem
 683 solvable before Squeeze is released.  In addition to these there are
 684 some packages with bugs in their dependencies and run level settings,
 685 which I expect will be fixed in a reasonable time span.</p>
 686
 687 <p>If you report any problems with dependencies in init.d scripts to
 688 the BTS, please usertag the report to get it to show up at
 689 <a href="http://bugs.debian.org/cgi-bin/pkgreport.cgi?users=initscripts-ng-devel@lists.alioth.debian.org">the
 690 list of usertagged bugs related to this</a>.</p>
 691
 692 <p>Update: Correct bug number to file-rc issue.</p>
 693 </div>
 694   <div class="tags">
 695
 696
 697
 698    Tags: <a href="http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/tags/bootsystem">bootsystem</a>, <a href="http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/tags/debian">debian</a>, <a href="http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/tags/debian edu">debian edu</a>, <a href="http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/tags/english">english</a>.
 699
 700   </div>
 701  </div>
 702  <div class="padding"></div>
 703
 704  <p style="text-align: right;"><a href="index.rss"><img src="http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/xml.gif" alt="RSS feed" width="36" height="14"></a></p>
 705
 706 <div id="sidebar">
 707
 708
 709
 710
 711
 712 <h2>Archive</h2>
 713 <ul>
 714
 715 <li>2010
 716 <ul>
 717
 718 <li><a href="http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/archive/2010/01/">January (2)</a></li>
 719
 720 <li><a href="http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/archive/2010/02/">February (1)</a></li>
 721
 722 <li><a href="http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/archive/2010/03/">March (3)</a></li>
 723
 724 <li><a href="http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/archive/2010/04/">April (3)</a></li>
 725
 726 <li><a href="http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/archive/2010/05/">May (9)</a></li>
 727
 728 <li><a href="http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/archive/2010/06/">June (9)</a></li>
 729
 730 </ul></li>
 731
 732 <li>2009
 733 <ul>
 734
 735 <li><a href="http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/archive/2009/01/">January (8)</a></li>
 736
 737 <li><a href="http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/archive/2009/02/">February (8)</a></li>
 738
 739 <li><a href="http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/archive/2009/03/">March (12)</a></li>
 740
 741 <li><a href="http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/archive/2009/04/">April (10)</a></li>
 742
 743 <li><a href="http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/archive/2009/05/">May (9)</a></li>
 744
 745 <li><a href="http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/archive/2009/06/">June (3)</a></li>
 746
 747 <li><a href="http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/archive/2009/07/">July (4)</a></li>
 748
 749 <li><a href="http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/archive/2009/08/">August (3)</a></li>
 750
 751 <li><a href="http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/archive/2009/09/">September (1)</a></li>
 752
 753 <li><a href="http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/archive/2009/10/">October (2)</a></li>
 754
 755 <li><a href="http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/archive/2009/11/">November (3)</a></li>
 756
 757 <li><a href="http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/archive/2009/12/">December (3)</a></li>
 758
 759 </ul></li>
 760
 761 <li>2008
 762 <ul>
 763
 764 <li><a href="http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/archive/2008/11/">November (5)</a></li>
 765
 766 <li><a href="http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/archive/2008/12/">December (7)</a></li>
 767
 768 </ul></li>
 769
 770 </ul>
 771
 772
 773
 774 <h2>Tags</h2>
 775 <ul>
 776
 777  <li><a href="http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/tags/3d-printer">3d-printer (11)</a></li>
 778
 779  <li><a href="http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/tags/amiga">amiga (1)</a></li>
 780
 781  <li><a href="http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/tags/aros">aros (1)</a></li>
 782
 783  <li><a href="http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/tags/bootsystem">bootsystem (10)</a></li>
 784
 785  <li><a href="http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/tags/debian">debian (26)</a></li>
 786
 787  <li><a href="http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/tags/debian edu">debian edu (26)</a></li>
 788
 789  <li><a href="http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/tags/english">english (37)</a></li>
 790
 791  <li><a href="http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/tags/fiksgatami">fiksgatami (1)</a></li>
 792
 793  <li><a href="http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/tags/fildeling">fildeling (7)</a></li>
 794
 795  <li><a href="http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/tags/kart">kart (2)</a></li>
 796
 797  <li><a href="http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/tags/lenker">lenker (1)</a></li>
 798
 799  <li><a href="http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/tags/ltsp">ltsp (1)</a></li>
 800
 801  <li><a href="http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/tags/multimedia">multimedia (5)</a></li>
 802
 803  <li><a href="http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/tags/norsk">norsk (68)</a></li>
 804
 805  <li><a href="http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/tags/nuug">nuug (76)</a></li>
 806
 807  <li><a href="http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/tags/opphavsrett">opphavsrett (13)</a></li>
 808
 809  <li><a href="http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/tags/personvern">personvern (12)</a></li>
 810
 811  <li><a href="http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/tags/reprap">reprap (10)</a></li>
 812
 813  <li><a href="http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/tags/rss">rss (1)</a></li>
 814
 815  <li><a href="http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/tags/sikkerhet">sikkerhet (9)</a></li>
 816
 817  <li><a href="http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/tags/sitesummary">sitesummary (3)</a></li>
 818
 819  <li><a href="http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/tags/standard">standard (12)</a></li>
 820
 821  <li><a href="http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/tags/stavekontroll">stavekontroll (1)</a></li>
 822
 823  <li><a href="http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/tags/video">video (10)</a></li>
 824
 825  <li><a href="http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/tags/vitenskap">vitenskap (1)</a></li>
 826
 827  <li><a href="http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/tags/web">web (6)</a></li>
 828
 829 </ul>
 830
 831 </div>
 832
 833 <p style="text-align: right">
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 836 </body>
 837 </html>