blog/index.html

   1 <!DOCTYPE html PUBLIC "-//W3C//DTD XHTML 1.0 Strict//EN"
   2           "http://www.w3.org/TR/xhtml1/DTD/xhtml1-strict.dtd">
   3 <html xmlns="http://www.w3.org/1999/xhtml" dir="ltr">
   4   <head>
   5     <meta http-equiv="Content-Type" content="text/html;charset=utf-8" />
   6     <title>Petter Reinholdtsen</title>
   7     <link rel="stylesheet" type="text/css" media="screen" href="http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/style.css" />
   8     <link rel="stylesheet" type="text/css" media="screen" href="http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/vim.css" />
   9     <link rel="alternate" title="RSS Feed" href="http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/index.rss" type="application/rss+xml" />
  10   </head>
  11   <body>
  12     <div class="title">
  13  <h1>
  14      <a href="http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/">Petter Reinholdtsen</a>
  15
  16  </h1>
  17
  18 </div>
  19
  20
  21
  22     <div class="entry">
  23       <div class="title"><a href="http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/Intel_SSD_520_Series_180_GB_with_Lenovo_firmware_still_lock_up_from_sustained_writes.html">Intel SSD 520 Series 180 GB with Lenovo firmware still lock up from sustained writes</a></div>
  24       <div class="date">10th July 2013</div>
  25       <div class="body"><p>A few days ago, I wrote about
  26 <a href="http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/The_Thinkpad_is_dead__long_live_the_Thinkpad_X230_.html">the
  27 problems I experienced with my new X230 and its SSD disk</a>, which
  28 was dying during installation because it is unable to cope with
  29 sustained write.  My supplier is in contact with
  30 <a href="http://www.lenovo.com/">Lenovo</a>, and they wanted to send a
  31 replacement disk to try to fix the problem.  They decided to send an
  32 identical model, so my hopes for a permanent fix was slim.</p>
  33
  34 <p>Anyway, today I got the replacement disk and tried to install
  35 Debian Edu Wheezy with encrypted disk on it.  The new disk have the
  36 same firmware version as the original.  This time my hope raised
  37 slightly as the installation progressed, as the original disk used to
  38 die after 4-7% of the disk was written to, while this time it kept
  39 going past 10%, 20%, 40% and even past 50%.  But around 60%, the disk
  40 died again and I was back on square one.  I still do not have a new
  41 laptop with a disk I can trust.  I can not live with a disk that might
  42 lock up when I download a new
  43 <a href="http://www.skolelinux.org/">Debian Edu / Skolelinux</a> ISO or
  44 other large files.  I look forward to hearing from my supplier with
  45 the next proposal from Lenovo.</p>
  46
  47 <p>The original disk is marked Intel SSD 520 Series 180 GB,
  48 11S0C38722Z1ZNME35X1TR, ISN: CVCV321407HB180EGN, SA: G57560302, FW:
  49 LF1i, 29MAY2013, PBA: G39779-300, LBA 351,651,888, LI P/N: 0C38722,
  50 Pb-free 2LI, LC P/N: 16-200366, WWN: 55CD2E40002756C4, Model:
  51 SSDSC2BW180A3L 2.5" 6Gb/s SATA SSD 180G 5V 1A, ASM P/N 0C38732, FRU
  52 P/N 45N8295, P0C38732.</p>
  53
  54 <p>The replacement disk is marked Intel SSD 520 Series 180 GB,
  55 11S0C38722Z1ZNDE34N0L0, ISN: CVCV315306RK180EGN, SA: G57560-302, FW:
  56 LF1i, 22APR2013, PBA: G39779-300, LBA 351,651,888, LI P/N: 0C38722,
  57 Pb-free 2LI, LC P/N: 16-200366, WWN: 55CD2E40000AB69E, Model:
  58 SSDSC2BW180A3L 2.5" 6Gb/s SATA SSD 180G 5V 1A, ASM P/N 0C38732, FRU
  59 P/N 45N8295, P0C38732.</p>
  60
  61 <p>The only difference is in the first number (serial number?), ISN,
  62 SA, date and WNPP values.  Mentioning all the details here in case
  63 someone is able to use the information to find a way to identify the
  64 failing disk among working ones (if any such working disk actually
  65 exist).</p>
  66 </div>
  67       <div class="tags">
  68
  69
  70         Tags: <a href="http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/tags/debian">debian</a>, <a href="http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/tags/english">english</a>.
  71
  72
  73       </div>
  74     </div>
  75     <div class="padding"></div>
  76
  77     <div class="entry">
  78       <div class="title"><a href="http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/July_13th__Debian_Ubuntu_BSP_and_Skolelinux_Debian_Edu_developer_gathering_in_Oslo.html">July 13th: Debian/Ubuntu BSP and Skolelinux/Debian Edu developer gathering in Oslo</a></div>
  79       <div class="date"> 9th July 2013</div>
  80       <div class="body"><p>The upcoming Saturday, 2013-07-13, we are organising a combined
  81 Debian Edu developer gathering and Debian and Ubuntu bug squashing
  82 party in Oslo.  It is organised by <a href="http://www.nuug.no/">the
  83 member assosiation NUUG</a> and
  84 <a href="http://www.skolelinux.org/">the Debian Edu / Skolelinux
  85 project</a> together with <a href="http://bitraf.no/">the hack space
  86 Bitraf</a>.</p>
  87
  88 <p>It starts 10:00 and continue until late evening.  Everyone is
  89 welcome, and there is no fee to participate.  There is on the other
  90 hand limited space, and only room for 30 people.  Please put your name
  91 on <a href="http://wiki.debian.org/BSP/2013/07/13/no/Oslo">the event
  92 wiki page</a> if you plan to join us.</p>
  93 </div>
  94       <div class="tags">
  95
  96
  97         Tags: <a href="http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/tags/debian">debian</a>, <a href="http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/tags/debian edu">debian edu</a>, <a href="http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/tags/english">english</a>, <a href="http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/tags/nuug">nuug</a>.
  98
  99
 100       </div>
 101     </div>
 102     <div class="padding"></div>
 103
 104     <div class="entry">
 105       <div class="title"><a href="http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/The_Thinkpad_is_dead__long_live_the_Thinkpad_X230_.html">The Thinkpad is dead, long live the Thinkpad X230?</a></div>
 106       <div class="date"> 5th July 2013</div>
 107       <div class="body"><p>Half a year ago, I reported that I had to find a
 108 <a href="http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/Thank_you_Thinkpad_X41__for_your_long_and_trustworthy_service.html">replacement
 109 for my trusty old Thinkpad X41</a>.  Unfortunately I did not have much
 110 time to spend on it, and it took a while to find a model I believe
 111 will do the job, but two days ago the replacement finally arrived.  I
 112 ended up picking a
 113 <a href="http://www.linlap.com/lenovo_thinkpad_x230">Thinkpad X230</a>
 114 with SSD disk (NZDAJMN).  I first test installed Debian Edu Wheezy as
 115 a roaming workstation, and it seemed to work flawlessly.  But my
 116 second installation with encrypted disk was not as successful.  More
 117 on that below.</p>
 118
 119 <p>I had a hard time trying to track down a good laptop, as my most
 120 important requirements (robust and with a good keyboard) are never
 121 listed in the feature list.  But I did get good help from the search
 122 feature at <a href="http://www.prisjakt.no/">Prisjakt</a>, which
 123 allowed me to limit the list of interesting laptops based on my other
 124 requirements.  A bit surprising that SSD disk are not disks according
 125 to that search interface, so I had to drop specifying the number of
 126 disks from my search parameters.  I also asked around among friends to
 127 get their impression on keyboards and robustness.</p>
 128
 129 <p>So the new laptop arrived, and it is quite a lot wider than the
 130 X41.  I am not quite convinced about the keyboard, as it is
 131 significantly wider than my old keyboard, and I have to stretch my
 132 hand a lot more to reach the edges.  But the key response is fairly
 133 good and the individual key shape is fairly easy to handle, so I hope
 134 I will get used to it.  My old X40 was starting to fail, and I really
 135 needed a new laptop now. :)</p>
 136
 137 <p>Turning off the touch pad was simple.  All it took was a quick
 138 visit to the BIOS during boot it disable it.</p>
 139
 140 <p>But there is a fatal problem with the laptop.  The 180 GB SSD disk
 141 lock up during load.  And this happen when installing Debian Wheezy
 142 with encrypted disk, while the disk is being filled with random data.
 143 I also tested to install Ubuntu Raring, and it happen there too if I
 144 reenable the code to fill the disk with random data (it is disabled by
 145 default in Ubuntu).  And the bug with is already known.  It was
 146 reported to Debian as <a href="http://bugs.debian.org/691427">BTS
 147 report #691427 2012-10-25</a> (journal commit I/O error on brand-new
 148 Thinkpad T430s ext4 on lvm on SSD).  It is also reported to the Linux
 149 kernel developers as
 150 <a href="https://bugzilla.kernel.org/show_bug.cgi?id=51861">Kernel bugzilla
 151 report #51861 2012-12-20</a> (Intel SSD 520 stops working under load
 152 (SSDSC2BW180A3L in Lenovo ThinkPad T430s)). It is also reported on the
 153 Lenovo forums, both for
 154 <a href="http://forums.lenovo.com/t5/T400-T500-and-newer-T-series/T430s-Intel-SSD-520-180GB-issue/m-p/1070549">T430
 155 2012-11-10</a> and for
 156 <a href="http://forums.lenovo.com/t5/X-Series-ThinkPad-Laptops/x230-SATA-errors-with-180GB-Intel-520-SSD-under-heavy-write-load/m-p/1068147">X230
 157 03-20-2013</a>.  The problem do not only affect installation.  The
 158 reports state that the disk lock up during use if many writes are done
 159 on the disk, so it is much no use to work around the installation
 160 problem and end up with a computer that can lock up at any moment.
 161 There is even a
 162 <a href="https://git.efficios.com/?p=test-ssd.git">small C program
 163 available</a> that will lock up the hard drive after running a few
 164 minutes by writing to a file.</p>
 165
 166 <p>I've contacted my supplier and asked how to handle this, and after
 167 contacting PCHELP Norway (request 01D1FDP) which handle support
 168 requests for Lenovo, his first suggestion was to upgrade the disk
 169 firmware.  Unfortunately there is no newer firmware available from
 170 Lenovo, as my disk already have the most recent one (version LF1i).  I
 171 hope to hear more from him today and hope the problem can be
 172 fixed. :)</p>
 173 </div>
 174       <div class="tags">
 175
 176
 177         Tags: <a href="http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/tags/debian">debian</a>, <a href="http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/tags/english">english</a>.
 178
 179
 180       </div>
 181     </div>
 182     <div class="padding"></div>
 183
 184     <div class="entry">
 185       <div class="title"><a href="http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/The_Thinkpad_is_dead__long_live_the_Thinkpad_X230.html">The Thinkpad is dead, long live the Thinkpad X230</a></div>
 186       <div class="date"> 4th July 2013</div>
 187       <div class="body"><p>Half a year ago, I reported that I had to find a replacement for my
 188 trusty old Thinkpad X41.  Unfortunately I did not have much time to
 189 spend on it, but today the replacement finally arrived.  I ended up
 190 picking a <a href="http://www.linlap.com/lenovo_thinkpad_x230">Thinkpad
 191 X230</a> with SSD disk (NZDAJMN).  I first test installed Debian Edu
 192 Wheezy as a roaming workstation, and it worked flawlessly.  As I write
 193 this, it is installing what I hope will be a more final installation,
 194 with a encrypted hard drive to ensure any dope head stealing it end up
 195 with an expencive door stop.</p>
 196
 197 <p>I had a hard time trying to track down a good laptop, as my most
 198 important requirements (robust and with a good keyboard) are never
 199 listed in the feature list.  But I did get good help from the search
 200 feature at <ahref="http://www.prisjakt.no/">Prisjakt</a>, which
 201 allowed me to limit the list of interesting laptops based on my other
 202 requirements.  A bit surprising that SSD disk are not disks, so I had
 203 to drop number of disks from my search parameters.</p>
 204
 205 <p>I am not quite convinced about the keyboard, as it is significantly
 206 wider than my old keyboard, and I have to stretch my hand a lot more
 207 to reach the edges.  But the key response is fairly good and the
 208 individual key shape is fairly easy to handle, so I hope I will get
 209 used to it.  My old X40 was starting to fail, and I really needed a
 210 new laptop now. :)</p>
 211
 212 <p>I look forward to figuring out how to turn off the touch pad.</p>
 213 </div>
 214       <div class="tags">
 215
 216
 217         Tags: <a href="http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/tags/debian">debian</a>, <a href="http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/tags/english">english</a>.
 218
 219
 220       </div>
 221     </div>
 222     <div class="padding"></div>
 223
 224     <div class="entry">
 225       <div class="title"><a href="http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/Fourth_alpha_release_of_Debian_Edu_Skolelinux_based_on_Debian_Wheezy.html">Fourth alpha release of Debian Edu/Skolelinux based on Debian Wheezy</a></div>
 226       <div class="date"> 3rd July 2013</div>
 227       <div class="body"><p>The fourth wheezy based alpha release of Debian Edu was wrapped up
 228 today.  This is the release announcement:</p>
 229
 230 <p><strong>New features for Debian Edu 7.1+edu0~alpha3 released
 231 2013-07-03</strong></p>
 232
 233 <p>These are the release notes for for Debian Edu / Skolelinux
 234 7.1+edu0~alpha3, based on Debian with codename "Wheezy".</p>
 235
 236 <p><strong>About Debian Edu and Skolelinux</strong></p>
 237
 238 <p><a href="http://www.skolelinux.org/">Debian Edu, also known as
 239 Skolelinux</a>, is a Linux distribution based on Debian providing an
 240 out-of-the box environment of a completely configured school
 241 network. Immediately after installation a school server running all
 242 services needed for a school network is set up just waiting for users
 243 and machines being added via GOsa², a comfortable Web-UI. A netbooting
 244 environment is prepared using PXE, so after initial installation of
 245 the main server from CD, DVD or USB stick all other machines can be
 246 installed via the network. The provided school server provides LDAP
 247 database and Kerberos authentication service, centralized home
 248 directories, DHCP server, web proxy and many other services. The
 249 desktop contains
 250 <a href="http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/Educational_applications_included_in_Debian_Edu___Skolelinux__the_screenshot_collection____.html">more
 251 than 60 educational software packages</a> and more are available from
 252 the Debian archive, and schools can choose between KDE, Gnome, LXDE
 253 and Xfce desktop environment.</p>
 254
 255 <p>This is the fourth test release based on Debian Wheezy. Basically
 256 this is an updated and slightly improved version compared to the
 257 Squeeze release.</p>
 258
 259 <p><strong>Software updates</strong></p>
 260 <ul>
 261   <li>Dropped ispell dictionaries from our default installation.</li>
 262   <li>Dropped menu-xdg from the KDE desktop option, to drop the Debian
 263     submenu.  It was not included with Gnome, LXDE or Xfce, so this
 264     brings KDE in line with the others.</li>
 265   <li>Dropped xdrawchem, xjig and xsok from our default installation as
 266     they don't have a desktop menu entry and thus won't show up in the
 267     menu now that menu-xdg was removed.</li>
 268   <li>Removed the killer system to kill left behind processes on
 269     multi-user machines, as it was no longer able to understand when a
 270     X display was in use and killed the processes of the active users
 271     too.</li>
 272   <li>Dropped the golearn (from goplay) package as the debtags in wheezy
 273     are too few to make the package useful.</li>
 274 </ul>
 275 <p><strong>Other changes</strong></p>
 276 <ul>
 277   <li>Updated artwork matching http://wiki.debian.org/DebianArt/Themes/Joy
 278   <li>Multi-arch i386/amd64 USB stick ISO available.</li>
 279   <li>Got rid of ispell/wordlist related debconf questions that showed
 280     up for some language options.</li>
 281   <li>Switched to using http.debian.net as APT source by default.</li>
 282   <li>Fixed proxy configuration on Main Server installations.</li>
 283   <li>Changed LTSP setup to ask dpkg to use force-unsafe-io the same way
 284     d-i is doing it.</li>
 285   <li>Made sure root and user passwords were not left behind in the
 286     debconf database after installation on Main Server installations.</li>
 287   <li>Made Roaming Workstation dynamic setup more robust and added draft
 288     script setup-ad-client to hook a Roaming Workstation up to a
 289     Active Directory server instead of a Debian Edu Main Server.</li>
 290   <li>Update system to install needed firmware packages during
 291     installation, to work properly in Wheezy.</li>
 292   <li>Update system to handle hardware quirks (debian-edu-hwsetup).</li>
 293   <li>Corrected PXE installation setup to properly pass selected desktop
 294     and keymap settings to PXE installation clients.</li>
 295   <li>LTSP diskless workstations use sshfs by default, allowing them to
 296     work without adding them to DNS and NIS netgroups for NFS access.</li>
 297 </ul>
 298 <p><strong>Known issues</strong></p>
 299 <ul>
 300   <li>No mass import of user account data in GOsa (ldif or csv)
 301     available yet (698840).</li>
 302   <li>Artwork not enabled for all desktops.</li>
 303 </ul>
 304 <p><strong>Where to get it</strong></p>
 305
 306 <p>To download the multiarch netinstall CD release you can use</p>
 307 <ul>
 308   <li><a href="ftp://ftp.skolelinux.org/skolelinux-cd/wheezy/debian-edu-7.1+edu0~a3-CD.iso">ftp://ftp.skolelinux.org/skolelinux-cd/wheezy/debian-edu-7.1+edu0~a3-CD.iso</a></li>
 309   <li><a href="http://ftp.skolelinux.org/skolelinux-cd/wheezy/debian-edu-7.1+edu0~a3-CD.iso">http://ftp.skolelinux.org/skolelinux-cd/wheezy/debian-edu-7.1+edu0~a3-CD.iso</a></li>
 310   <li>rsync -avzP ftp.skolelinux.org::skolelinux-cd/wheezy/debian-edu-7.1+edu0~a3-CD.iso .</li>
 311 </ul>
 312
 313 <p>The MD5SUM of this image is: 2b161a99d2a848c376d8d04e3854e30c
 314 <br>The SHA1SUM of this image is: 498922e9c508c0a7ee9dbe1dfe5bf830d779c3c8</p>
 315
 316 <p>To download the multiarch USB stick ISO release you can use</p>
 317 <ul>
 318   <li><a href="ftp://ftp.skolelinux.org/skolelinux-cd/wheezy/debian-edu-7.1+edu0~a3-USB.iso">ftp://ftp.skolelinux.org/skolelinux-cd/wheezy/debian-edu-7.1+edu0~a3-USB.iso</a></li>
 319   <li><a href="http://ftp.skolelinux.org/skolelinux-cd/wheezy/debian-edu-7.1+edu0~a3-USB.iso">http://ftp.skolelinux.org/skolelinux-cd/wheezy/debian-edu-7.1+edu0~a3-USB.iso</a></li>
 320   <li>rsync -avzP ftp.skolelinux.org::skolelinux-cd/wheezy/debian-edu-7.1+edu0~a3-USB.iso .</li>
 321 </ul>
 322
 323 <p>The MD5SUM of this image is: 25e808e403a4c15dbef1d13c37d572ac
 324 <br>The SHA1SUM of this image is: 15ecfc93eb6b4f453b7eb0bc04b6a279262d9721</p>
 325
 326 <p><strong>How to report bugs</strong></p>
 327
 328 <p><a href="http://wiki.debian.org/DebianEdu/HowTo/ReportBugs">http://wiki.debian.org/DebianEdu/HowTo/ReportBugs</a></p>
 329 </div>
 330       <div class="tags">
 331
 332
 333         Tags: <a href="http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/tags/debian edu">debian edu</a>, <a href="http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/tags/english">english</a>.
 334
 335
 336       </div>
 337     </div>
 338     <div class="padding"></div>
 339
 340     <div class="entry">
 341       <div class="title"><a href="http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/Automatically_locate_and_install_required_firmware_packages_on_Debian__Isenkram_0_4_.html">Automatically locate and install required firmware packages on Debian (Isenkram 0.4)</a></div>
 342       <div class="date">25th June 2013</div>
 343       <div class="body"><p>It annoys me when the computer fail to do automatically what it is
 344 perfectly capable of, and I have to do it manually to get things
 345 working.  One such task is to find out what firmware packages are
 346 needed to get the hardware on my computer working.  Most often this
 347 affect the wifi card, but some times it even affect the RAID
 348 controller or the ethernet card.  Today I pushed version 0.4 of the
 349 <a href="http://packages.qa.debian.org/isenkram">Isenkram package</a>
 350 including a new script isenkram-autoinstall-firmware handling the
 351 process of asking all the loaded kernel modules what firmware files
 352 they want, find debian packages providing these files and install the
 353 debian packages.  Here is a test run on my laptop:</p>
 354
 355 <p><pre>
 356 # isenkram-autoinstall-firmware
 357 info: kernel drivers requested extra firmware: ipw2200-bss.fw ipw2200-ibss.fw ipw2200-sniffer.fw
 358 info: fetching http://http.debian.net/debian/dists/squeeze/Contents-i386.gz
 359 info: locating packages with the requested firmware files
 360 info: Updating APT sources after adding non-free APT source
 361 info: trying to install firmware-ipw2x00
 362 firmware-ipw2x00
 363 firmware-ipw2x00
 364 Preconfiguring packages ...
 365 Selecting previously deselected package firmware-ipw2x00.
 366 (Reading database ... 259727 files and directories currently installed.)
 367 Unpacking firmware-ipw2x00 (from .../firmware-ipw2x00_0.28+squeeze1_all.deb) ...
 368 Setting up firmware-ipw2x00 (0.28+squeeze1) ...
 369 #
 370 </pre></p>
 371
 372 <p>When all the requested firmware is present, a simple message is
 373 printed instead:</p>
 374
 375 <p><pre>
 376 # isenkram-autoinstall-firmware
 377 info: did not find any firmware files requested by loaded kernel modules.  exiting
 378 #
 379 </pre></p>
 380
 381 <p>It could use some polish, but it is already working well and saving
 382 me some time when setting up new machines. :)</p>
 383
 384 <p>So, how does it work?  It look at the set of currently loaded
 385 kernel modules, and look up each one of them using modinfo, to find
 386 the firmware files listed in the module meta-information.  Next, it
 387 download the Contents file from a nearby APT mirror, and search for
 388 the firmware files in this file to locate the package with the
 389 requested firmware file.  If the package is in the non-free section, a
 390 non-free APT source is added and the package is installed using
 391 <tt>apt-get install</tt>.  The end result is a slightly better working
 392 machine.</p>
 393
 394 <p>I hope someone find time to implement a more polished version of
 395 this script as part of the hw-detect debian-installer module, to
 396 finally fix <a href="http://bugs.debian.org/655507">BTS report
 397 #655507</a>.  There really is no need to insert USB sticks with
 398 firmware during a PXE install when the packages already are available
 399 from the nearby Debian mirror.</p>
 400 </div>
 401       <div class="tags">
 402
 403
 404         Tags: <a href="http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/tags/debian">debian</a>, <a href="http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/tags/english">english</a>, <a href="http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/tags/isenkram">isenkram</a>.
 405
 406
 407       </div>
 408     </div>
 409     <div class="padding"></div>
 410
 411     <div class="entry">
 412       <div class="title"><a href="http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/The_value_of_a_good_distro_wide_test_suite___.html">The value of a good distro wide test suite...</a></div>
 413       <div class="date">22nd June 2013</div>
 414       <div class="body"><p>In the <a href="http://www.skolelinux.org/">Debian Edu /
 415 Skolelinux</a> project, we include a post-installation test suite,
 416 which check that services are running, working, and return the
 417 expected results.  It runs automatically just after the first boot on
 418 test installations (using test ISOs), but not on production
 419 installations (using non-test ISOs).  It test that the LDAP service is
 420 operating, Kerberos is responding, DNS is replying, file systems are
 421 online resizable, etc, etc.  And it check that the PXE service is
 422 configured, which is the topic of this post.</p>
 423
 424 <p>The last week I've fixed the DVD and USB stick ISOs for our Debian
 425 Edu Wheezy release.  These ISOs are supposed to be able to install a
 426 complete system without any Internet connection, but for that to
 427 happen all the needed packages need to be on them.  Thanks to our test
 428 suite, I discovered that we had forgotten to adjust our PXE setup to
 429 cope with the new names and paths used by the netboot d-i packages.
 430 When Internet connectivity was available, the installer fall back to
 431 using wget to fetch d-i boot images, but when offline it require
 432 working packages to get it working.  And ad the packages changed name
 433 from debian-installer-6.0-netboot-$arch to
 434 debian-installer-7.0-netboot-$arch, we no longer pulled in the
 435 packages during installation.  Without our test suite, I suspect we
 436 would never have discovered this before release.  Now it is fixed
 437 right after we got the ISOs operational.</p>
 438
 439 <p>Another by-product of the test suite is that we can ask system
 440 administrators with problems getting Debian Edu to work, to run the
 441 test suite using <tt>/usr/sbin/debian-edu-test-install</tt> and see if
 442 any errors are detected.  This usually pinpoint the subsystem causing
 443 the problem.</p>
 444
 445 <p>If you want to help us help kids learn how to share and create,
 446 please join us on
 447 <a href="irc://irc.debian.org/%23debian-edu">#debian-edu on
 448 irc.debian.org</a> and the
 449 <a href="http://lists.debian.org/debian-edu/">debian-edu@</a> mailing
 450 list.</p>
 451 </div>
 452       <div class="tags">
 453
 454
 455         Tags: <a href="http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/tags/debian edu">debian edu</a>, <a href="http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/tags/english">english</a>.
 456
 457
 458       </div>
 459     </div>
 460     <div class="padding"></div>
 461
 462     <div class="entry">
 463       <div class="title"><a href="http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/Debian_Edu_interview__Victor_Ni_u.html">Debian Edu interview: Victor Nițu</a></div>
 464       <div class="date">17th June 2013</div>
 465       <div class="body"><p>The <a href="http://www.skolelinux.org/">Debian Edu and
 466 Skolelinux</a> distribution have users and contributors all around the
 467 globe.  And a while back, an enterprising young man showed up on
 468 <a href="irc://irc.debian.org/%23debian-edu">our IRC channel
 469 #debian-edu</a> and started asking questions about how Debian Edu
 470 worked.  We answered as good as we could, and even convinced him to
 471 help us with translations.  And today I managed to get an interview
 472 with him, to learn more about him.</p>
 473
 474 <p><strong>Who are you, and how do you spend your days?</strong></p>
 475
 476 <p>I'm a 25 year old free software enthusiast, living in Romania,
 477 which is also my country of origin. Back in 2009, at a New Year's Eve
 478 party, I had a very nice <strike>beer</strike> discussion with a
 479 friend, when we realized we have no organised Debian community in our
 480 country. A few days later, we put together the infrastructure for such
 481 community and even gathered a nice Debian-ish crowd. Since then, I
 482 began my quest as a free software hacker and activist and I am
 483 constantly trying to cover as much ground as possible on that
 484 field.</p>
 485
 486 <p>A few years ago I founded a small web development company, which
 487 provided me the flexible schedule I needed so much for my
 488 activities. For the last 13 months, I have been the Technical Director
 489 of <a href="http://ceata.org/">Fundația Ceata</a>, which is a free
 490 software activist organisation endorsed by the FSF and the FSFE, and
 491 the only one we have in our country.</p>
 492
 493 <p><strong>How did you get in contact with the Skolelinux / Debian Edu
 494 project?</strong></p>
 495
 496 <p>The idea of participating in the Debian Edu project was a surprise
 497 even to me, since I never used it before I began getting involved in
 498 it. This year I had a great opportunity to deliver a talk on
 499 educational software, and I knew immediately where to look. It was a
 500 love at first sight, since I was previously involved with some of the
 501 technologies the project incorporates, and I rapidly found a lot of
 502 ways to contribute.</p>
 503
 504 <p>My first contributions consisted in translating the installer and
 505 configuration dialogs, then I found some bugs to squash (I still
 506 haven't fixed them yet though), and I even got my eyes on some other
 507 areas where I can prove myself helpful. Since the appetite for free
 508 software in my country is pretty low, I'll be happy to be the first
 509 one around here advocating for the project's adoption in educational
 510 environments, and maybe even get my hands dirty in creating a flavour
 511 for our own needs. I am not used to make very advanced plannings, so
 512 from now on, time will tell what I'll be doing next, but I think I
 513 have a pretty consistent starting point.</p>
 514
 515 <p><strong>What do you see as the advantages of Skolelinux/Debian
 516 Edu?</strong></p>
 517
 518 <p>Not a long time ago, I was in the position of configuring and
 519 maintaining a LDAP server on some Debian derivative, and I must say it
 520 took me a while. A long time ago, I was maintaining a bigger
 521 Samba-powered infrastructure, and I must say I spent quite a lot of
 522 time on it. I have similar stories about many of the services included
 523 with Skolelinux, and the main advantage I see about it is the
 524 out-of-the box availability of them, making it quite competitive when
 525 it comes to managing a school's network, for example.</p>
 526
 527 <p>Of course, there is more to say about Skolelinux than the
 528 availability of the software included, its flexibility in various
 529 scenarios is something I can't wait to experiment "into the wild" (I
 530 only played with virtual machines so far). And I am sure there is a
 531 lot more I haven't discovered yet about it, being so new within the
 532 project.</p>
 533
 534 <p><strong>What do you see as the disadvantages of Skolelinux / Debian
 535 Edu?</strong></p>
 536
 537 <p>As usual, when it comes to Debian Blends, I see as the biggest
 538 disadvantage the lack of a numerous team dedicated to the
 539 project. Every day I see the same names in the changelogs, and I have
 540 a constantly fear of the bus factor in this story.  I'd like to see
 541 Debian Edu advertised more as an entry point into the Debian
 542 ecosystem, especially amongst newcomers and students. IMHO there are a
 543 lot low-hanging fruits in terms of bug squashing, and enough
 544 opportunities to get the feeling of the Debian Project's dynamics. Not
 545 to mention it's a very fun blend to work on!</p>
 546
 547 <p>Derived from the previous statement, is the delay in catching up
 548 with the main Debian release and documentation. This is common though
 549 to all blends and derivatives, but it's an issue we can all work
 550 on.</p>
 551
 552 <p><strong>Which free software do you use daily?</strong></p>
 553
 554 <p>I can hardly imagine myself spending a day without Vim, since my
 555 daily routine covers writing code and hacking configuration files. I
 556 am a fan of the Awesome window manager (but I also like the
 557 Enlightenment project a lot!),
 558 <a href="http://www.claws-mail.org/‎">Claws Mail</a> due to its ease of
 559 use and very configurable behaviour. Recently I fell in love with
 560 <a href="https://launchpad.net/redshift">Redshift</a>, which helps me
 561 get through the night without headaches. Of course, there is much more
 562 stuff in this bag, but I'll need a blog on my own for doing this!</p>
 563
 564 <p><strong>Which strategy do you believe is the right one to use to
 565 get schools to use free software?</strong></p>
 566
 567 <p>Well, on this field, I cannot do much more than experiment right
 568 now. So, being far from having a recipe for success, I can only assume
 569 that:</p>
 570
 571 <ul>
 572
 573 <li>schools would like to get rid of proprietary software</li>
 574
 575 <li>students will love the openness of the system, and will want to
 576     experiment with it - maybe we need to harvest the native curiosity
 577     of teenagers more?</li>
 578
 579 <li>there is no "right one" when it comes to strategies, but it would
 580     be useful to have some success stories published somewhere, so
 581     other can get some inspiration from them (I know I'd promote
 582     them!)</li>
 583
 584 <li>more active promotion - talks, conferences, even small school
 585     lectures can do magical things if they encounter at least one
 586     person interested. Who knows who that person might be? ;-)</li>
 587
 588 </ul>
 589
 590 <p>I also see some problems in getting Skolelinux into schools; for
 591 example, in our country we have a great deal of corruption issues, so
 592 it might be hard(er) to fight against proprietary solutions. Also,
 593 people who relied on commercial software for all their lives, would be
 594 very hard to convert against their will.</p>
 595 </div>
 596       <div class="tags">
 597
 598
 599         Tags: <a href="http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/tags/debian edu">debian edu</a>, <a href="http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/tags/english">english</a>, <a href="http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/tags/intervju">intervju</a>.
 600
 601
 602       </div>
 603     </div>
 604     <div class="padding"></div>
 605
 606     <div class="entry">
 607       <div class="title"><a href="http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/Debian_Edu_interview__Jonathan_Carter.html">Debian Edu interview: Jonathan Carter</a></div>
 608       <div class="date">12th June 2013</div>
 609       <div class="body"><p>There is a certain cross-over between the
 610 <a href="http://www.skolelinux.org/">Debian Edu / Skolelinux
 611 project</a> and <a href="http://www.edubuntu.org/">the Edubuntu
 612 project</a>, and for example the LTSP packages in Debian are a joint
 613 effort between the projects.  One person with a foot in both camps is
 614 Jonathan Carter, which I am now happy to present to you.</p>
 615
 616 <p><strong>Who are you, and how do you spend your days?</strong></p>
 617
 618 <p>I'm a South-African free software geek who lives in Cape Town. My
 619 days vary quite a bit since I'm involved in too many things. As I'm
 620 getting older I'm learning how to focus a bit more :)</p>
 621
 622 <p>I'm also an Edubuntu contributor and I love when there are
 623 opportunities for the Edubuntu and Debian Edu projects to benefit from
 624 each other.</p>
 625
 626 <p><strong>How did you get in contact with the Skolelinux / Debian Edu
 627 project?</strong></p>
 628
 629 <p>I've been somewhat familiar with the project before, but I think my
 630 first direct exposure to the project was when I met Petter
 631 [Reinholdtsen] and Knut [Yrvin] at the Edubuntu summit in 2005 in
 632 London. They provided great feedback that helped the bootstrapping of
 633 Edubuntu. Back then Edubuntu (and even Ubuntu) was still very new and
 634 it was great getting input from people who have been around longer. I
 635 was also still very excitable and said yes to everything and to this
 636 day I have a big todo list backlog that I'm catching up with. I think
 637 over the years the relationship between Edubuntu and Debian-Edu has
 638 been gradually improving, although I think there's a lot that we could
 639 still improve on in terms of working together on packages. I'm sure
 640 we'll get there one day.</p>
 641
 642 <p><strong>What do you see as the advantages of Skolelinux / Debian
 643 Edu?</strong></p>
 644
 645 <p>Debian itself already has so many advantages. I could go on about
 646 it for pages, but in essence I love that it's a very honest project
 647 that puts its users first with no hidden agendas and also produces
 648 very high quality work.</p>
 649
 650 <p>I think the advantage of Debian Edu is that it makes many common
 651 set-up tasks simpler so that administrators can get up and running
 652 with a lot less effort and frustration. At the same time I think it
 653 helps to standardise installations in schools so that it's easier for
 654 community members and commercial suppliers to support.</p>
 655
 656 <p><strong>What do you see as the disadvantages of Skolelinux / Debian
 657 Edu?</strong></p>
 658
 659 <p>I had to re-type this one a few times because I'm trying to
 660 separate "disadvantages" from "areas that need improvement" (which is
 661 what I originally rambled on about)</p>
 662
 663 <p>The biggest disadvantage I can think of is lack of manpower. The
 664 project could do so much more if there were more good contributors. I
 665 think some of the problems are external too. Free software and free
 666 content in education is a no-brainer but it takes some time to catch
 667 on. When you've been working with the same proprietary eco-system for
 668 years and have gotten used to it, it can be hard to adjust to some
 669 concepts in the free software world. It would be nice if there were
 670 more Debian Edu consultants across the world. I'd love to be one
 671 myself but I'm already so over-committed that it's just not possible
 672 currently.</p>
 673
 674 <p>I think the best short-term solution to that large-scale problem is
 675 for schools to be pro-active and share their experiences and grow
 676 their skills in-house. I'm often saddened to see how much money
 677 educational institutions spend on 3rd party solutions that they don't
 678 have access to after the service has ended and they could've gotten so
 679 much more value otherwise by being more self-sustainable and
 680 autonomous.</p>
 681
 682 <p><strong>Which free software do you use daily?</strong></p>
 683
 684 <p>My main laptop dual-boots between Debian and Windows 7. I was
 685 Windows free for years but started dual-booting again last year for
 686 some games which help me focus and relax (Starcraft II in
 687 particular). Gaming support on Linux is improving in leaps and bounds
 688 so I suppose I'll soon be able to regain that disk space :)</p>
 689
 690 <p>Besides that I rely on Icedove, Chromium, Terminator, Byobu, irssi,
 691 git, Tomboy, KVM, VLC and LibreOffice. Recently I've been torn on
 692 which desktop environment I like and I'm taking some refuge in Xfce
 693 while I figure that out. I like tools that keep things simple. I enjoy
 694 Python and shell scripting. I went to an Arduino workshop recently and
 695 it was awesome seeing how easy and simple the IDE software was to get
 696 up and running in Debian compared to the users running Windows and OS
 697 X.</p>
 698
 699 <p>I also use mc which some people frown upon slightly. I got used to
 700 using Norton Commander in the early 90's and it stuck (I think the
 701 people who sneer at it is just jealous that they don't know how to use
 702 it :p)
 703
 704 <p><strong>Which strategy do you believe is the right one to use to
 705 get schools to use free software?</strong></p>
 706
 707 <p>I think trying to force it is unproductive. I also think that in
 708 many cases it's appropriate for schools to use non-free systems and I
 709 don't think that there's any particular moral or ethical problem with
 710 that.</p>
 711
 712 <p>I do think though that free software can already solve so so many
 713 problems in educational institutions and it's just a shame not taking
 714 advantage of that.</p>
 715
 716 <p>I also think that some curricula need serious review. For example,
 717 some areas of the world rely heavily on very specific versions of MS
 718 Office, teaching students to parrot menu items instead of learning the
 719 general concepts. I think that's very unproductive because firstly, MS
 720 Office's interface changes drastically every few years and on top of
 721 that it also locks in a generation to a product that might not be the
 722 best solution for them.</p>
 723
 724 <p>To answer your question, I believe that the right strategy is to
 725 educate and inform, giving someone the information they require to
 726 make a decision that would work for them.</p>
 727 </div>
 728       <div class="tags">
 729
 730
 731         Tags: <a href="http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/tags/debian edu">debian edu</a>, <a href="http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/tags/english">english</a>, <a href="http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/tags/intervju">intervju</a>.
 732
 733
 734       </div>
 735     </div>
 736     <div class="padding"></div>
 737
 738     <div class="entry">
 739       <div class="title"><a href="http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/Fixing_the_Linux_black_screen_of_death_on_machines_with_Intel_HD_video.html">Fixing the Linux black screen of death on machines with Intel HD video</a></div>
 740       <div class="date">11th June 2013</div>
 741       <div class="body"><p>When installing RedHat, Fedora, Debian and Ubuntu on some machines,
 742 the screen just turn black when Linux boot, either during installation
 743 or on first boot from the hard disk.  I've seen it once in a while the
 744 last few years, but only recently understood the cause.  I've seen it
 745 on HP laptops, and on my latest acquaintance the Packard Bell laptop.
 746 The reason seem to be in the wiring of some laptops.  The system to
 747 control the screen background light is inverted, so when Linux try to
 748 turn the brightness fully on, it end up turning it off instead.  I do
 749 not know which Linux drivers are affected, but this post is about the
 750 i915 driver used by the
 751 <a href="http://www.linlap.com/packard_bell_easynote_lv">Packard Bell
 752 EasyNote LV</a>, Thinkpad X40 and many other laptops.</p>
 753
 754 <p>The problem can be worked around two ways.  Either by adding
 755 i915.invert_brightness=1 as a kernel option, or by adding a file in
 756 /etc/modprobe.d/ to tell modprobe to add the invert_brightness=1
 757 option when it load the i915 kernel module.  On Debian and Ubuntu, it
 758 can be done by running these commands as root:</p>
 759
 760 <pre>
 761 echo options i915 invert_brightness=1 | tee /etc/modprobe.d/i915.conf
 762 update-initramfs -u -k all
 763 </pre>
 764
 765 <p>Since March 2012 there is
 766 <a href="http://git.kernel.org/cgit/linux/kernel/git/torvalds/linux.git/commit/?id=4dca20efb1a9c2efefc28ad2867e5d6c3f5e1955">a
 767 mechanism in the Linux kernel</a> to tell the i915 driver which
 768 hardware have this problem, and get the driver to invert the
 769 brightness setting automatically.  To use it, one need to add a row in
 770 <a href="http://git.kernel.org/cgit/linux/kernel/git/torvalds/linux.git/tree/drivers/gpu/drm/i915/intel_display.c">the
 771 intel_quirks array</a> in the driver source
 772 <tt>drivers/gpu/drm/i915/intel_display.c</tt> (look for "<tt>static
 773 struct intel_quirk intel_quirks</tt>"), specifying the PCI device
 774 number (vendor number 8086 is assumed) and subdevice vendor and device
 775 number.</p>
 776
 777 <p>My Packard Bell EasyNote LV got this output from <tt>lspci
 778 -vvnn</tt> for the video card in question:</p>
 779
 780 <p><pre>
 781 00:02.0 VGA compatible controller [0300]: Intel Corporation \
 782     3rd Gen Core processor Graphics Controller [8086:0156] \
 783     (rev 09) (prog-if 00 [VGA controller])
 784  Subsystem: Acer Incorporated [ALI] Device [1025:0688]
 785  Control: I/O+ Mem+ BusMaster+ SpecCycle- MemWINV- VGASnoop- \
 786     ParErr- Stepping- SE RR- FastB2B- DisINTx+
 787  Status: Cap+ 66MHz- UDF- FastB2B+ ParErr- DEVSEL=fast >TAbort- \
 788     <TAbort- <MAbort->SERR- <PERR- INTx-
 789  Latency: 0
 790  Interrupt: pin A routed to IRQ 42
 791  Region 0: Memory at c2000000 (64-bit, non-prefetchable) [size=4M]
 792  Region 2: Memory at b0000000 (64-bit, prefetchable) [size=256M]
 793  Region 4: I/O ports at 4000 [size=64]
 794  Expansion ROM at <unassigned> [disabled]
 795  Capabilities: <access denied>
 796  Kernel driver in use: i915
 797 </pre></p>
 798
 799 <p>The resulting intel_quirks entry would then look like this:</p>
 800
 801 <p><pre>
 802 struct intel_quirk intel_quirks[] = {
 803        ...
 804         /* Packard Bell EasyNote LV11HC needs invert brightness quirk */
 805         { 0x0156, 0x1025, 0x0688, quirk_invert_brightness },
 806        ...
 807 }
 808 </pre></p>
 809
 810 <p>According to the kernel module instructions (as seen using
 811 <tt>modinfo i915</tt>), information about hardware needing the
 812 invert_brightness flag should be sent to the
 813 <a href="http://lists.freedesktop.org/mailman/listinfo/dri-devel">dri-devel
 814 (at) lists.freedesktop.org</a> mailing list to reach the kernel
 815 developers.  But my email about the laptop sent 2013-06-03 have not
 816 yet shown up in
 817 <a href="http://lists.freedesktop.org/archives/dri-devel/2013-June/thread.html">the
 818 web archive for the mailing list</a>, so I suspect they do not accept
 819 emails from non-subscribers.  Because of this, I sent my patch also to
 820 the Debian bug tracking system instead as
 821 <a href="http://bugs.debian.org/710938">BTS report #710938</a>, to make
 822 sure the patch is not lost.</p>
 823
 824 <p>Unfortunately, it is not enough to fix the kernel to get Laptops
 825 with this problem working properly with Linux.  If you use Gnome, your
 826 worries should be over at this point.  But if you use KDE, there is
 827 something in KDE ignoring the invert_brightness setting and turning on
 828 the screen during login.  I've reported it to Debian as
 829 <a href="http://bugs.debian.org/711237">BTS report #711237</a>, and
 830 have no idea yet how to figure out exactly what subsystem is doing
 831 this.  Perhaps you can help?  Perhaps you know what the Gnome
 832 developers did to handle this, and this can give a clue to the KDE
 833 developers?  Or you know where in KDE the screen brightness is changed
 834 during login?  If so, please update the BTS report (or get in touch if
 835 you do not know how to update BTS).</p>
 836 </div>
 837       <div class="tags">
 838
 839
 840         Tags: <a href="http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/tags/debian">debian</a>, <a href="http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/tags/english">english</a>.
 841
 842
 843       </div>
 844     </div>
 845     <div class="padding"></div>
 846
 847     <p style="text-align: right;"><a href="index.rss"><img src="http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/xml.gif" alt="RSS feed" width="36" height="14" /></a></p>
 848     <div id="sidebar">
 849
 850
 851
 852 <h2>Archive</h2>
 853 <ul>
 854
 855 <li>2013
 856 <ul>
 857
 858 <li><a href="http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/archive/2013/01/">January (11)</a></li>
 859
 860 <li><a href="http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/archive/2013/02/">February (9)</a></li>
 861
 862 <li><a href="http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/archive/2013/03/">March (9)</a></li>
 863
 864 <li><a href="http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/archive/2013/04/">April (6)</a></li>
 865
 866 <li><a href="http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/archive/2013/05/">May (9)</a></li>
 867
 868 <li><a href="http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/archive/2013/06/">June (10)</a></li>
 869
 870 <li><a href="http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/archive/2013/07/">July (5)</a></li>
 871
 872 </ul></li>
 873
 874 <li>2012
 875 <ul>
 876
 877 <li><a href="http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/archive/2012/01/">January (7)</a></li>
 878
 879 <li><a href="http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/archive/2012/02/">February (10)</a></li>
 880
 881 <li><a href="http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/archive/2012/03/">March (17)</a></li>
 882
 883 <li><a href="http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/archive/2012/04/">April (12)</a></li>
 884
 885 <li><a href="http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/archive/2012/05/">May (12)</a></li>
 886
 887 <li><a href="http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/archive/2012/06/">June (20)</a></li>
 888
 889 <li><a href="http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/archive/2012/07/">July (17)</a></li>
 890
 891 <li><a href="http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/archive/2012/08/">August (6)</a></li>
 892
 893 <li><a href="http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/archive/2012/09/">September (9)</a></li>
 894
 895 <li><a href="http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/archive/2012/10/">October (17)</a></li>
 896
 897 <li><a href="http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/archive/2012/11/">November (10)</a></li>
 898
 899 <li><a href="http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/archive/2012/12/">December (7)</a></li>
 900
 901 </ul></li>
 902
 903 <li>2011
 904 <ul>
 905
 906 <li><a href="http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/archive/2011/01/">January (16)</a></li>
 907
 908 <li><a href="http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/archive/2011/02/">February (6)</a></li>
 909
 910 <li><a href="http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/archive/2011/03/">March (6)</a></li>
 911
 912 <li><a href="http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/archive/2011/04/">April (7)</a></li>
 913
 914 <li><a href="http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/archive/2011/05/">May (3)</a></li>
 915
 916 <li><a href="http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/archive/2011/06/">June (2)</a></li>
 917
 918 <li><a href="http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/archive/2011/07/">July (7)</a></li>
 919
 920 <li><a href="http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/archive/2011/08/">August (6)</a></li>
 921
 922 <li><a href="http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/archive/2011/09/">September (4)</a></li>
 923
 924 <li><a href="http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/archive/2011/10/">October (2)</a></li>
 925
 926 <li><a href="http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/archive/2011/11/">November (3)</a></li>
 927
 928 <li><a href="http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/archive/2011/12/">December (1)</a></li>
 929
 930 </ul></li>
 931
 932 <li>2010
 933 <ul>
 934
 935 <li><a href="http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/archive/2010/01/">January (2)</a></li>
 936
 937 <li><a href="http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/archive/2010/02/">February (1)</a></li>
 938
 939 <li><a href="http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/archive/2010/03/">March (3)</a></li>
 940
 941 <li><a href="http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/archive/2010/04/">April (3)</a></li>
 942
 943 <li><a href="http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/archive/2010/05/">May (9)</a></li>
 944
 945 <li><a href="http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/archive/2010/06/">June (14)</a></li>
 946
 947 <li><a href="http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/archive/2010/07/">July (12)</a></li>
 948
 949 <li><a href="http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/archive/2010/08/">August (13)</a></li>
 950
 951 <li><a href="http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/archive/2010/09/">September (7)</a></li>
 952
 953 <li><a href="http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/archive/2010/10/">October (9)</a></li>
 954
 955 <li><a href="http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/archive/2010/11/">November (13)</a></li>
 956
 957 <li><a href="http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/archive/2010/12/">December (12)</a></li>
 958
 959 </ul></li>
 960
 961 <li>2009
 962 <ul>
 963
 964 <li><a href="http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/archive/2009/01/">January (8)</a></li>
 965
 966 <li><a href="http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/archive/2009/02/">February (8)</a></li>
 967
 968 <li><a href="http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/archive/2009/03/">March (12)</a></li>
 969
 970 <li><a href="http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/archive/2009/04/">April (10)</a></li>
 971
 972 <li><a href="http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/archive/2009/05/">May (9)</a></li>
 973
 974 <li><a href="http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/archive/2009/06/">June (3)</a></li>
 975
 976 <li><a href="http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/archive/2009/07/">July (4)</a></li>
 977
 978 <li><a href="http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/archive/2009/08/">August (3)</a></li>
 979
 980 <li><a href="http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/archive/2009/09/">September (1)</a></li>
 981
 982 <li><a href="http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/archive/2009/10/">October (2)</a></li>
 983
 984 <li><a href="http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/archive/2009/11/">November (3)</a></li>
 985
 986 <li><a href="http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/archive/2009/12/">December (3)</a></li>
 987
 988 </ul></li>
 989
 990 <li>2008
 991 <ul>
 992
 993 <li><a href="http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/archive/2008/11/">November (5)</a></li>
 994
 995 <li><a href="http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/archive/2008/12/">December (7)</a></li>
 996
 997 </ul></li>
 998
 999 </ul>
1000
1001
1002
1003 <h2>Tags</h2>
1004 <ul>
1005
1006  <li><a href="http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/tags/3d-printer">3d-printer (13)</a></li>
1007
1008  <li><a href="http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/tags/amiga">amiga (1)</a></li>
1009
1010  <li><a href="http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/tags/aros">aros (1)</a></li>
1011
1012  <li><a href="http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/tags/bankid">bankid (4)</a></li>
1013
1014  <li><a href="http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/tags/bitcoin">bitcoin (7)</a></li>
1015
1016  <li><a href="http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/tags/bootsystem">bootsystem (12)</a></li>
1017
1018  <li><a href="http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/tags/bsa">bsa (2)</a></li>
1019
1020  <li><a href="http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/tags/debian">debian (82)</a></li>
1021
1022  <li><a href="http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/tags/debian edu">debian edu (137)</a></li>
1023
1024  <li><a href="http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/tags/digistan">digistan (10)</a></li>
1025
1026  <li><a href="http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/tags/docbook">docbook (9)</a></li>
1027
1028  <li><a href="http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/tags/drivstoffpriser">drivstoffpriser (4)</a></li>
1029
1030  <li><a href="http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/tags/english">english (208)</a></li>
1031
1032  <li><a href="http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/tags/fiksgatami">fiksgatami (21)</a></li>
1033
1034  <li><a href="http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/tags/fildeling">fildeling (12)</a></li>
1035
1036  <li><a href="http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/tags/freeculture">freeculture (11)</a></li>
1037
1038  <li><a href="http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/tags/frikanalen">frikanalen (11)</a></li>
1039
1040  <li><a href="http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/tags/intervju">intervju (37)</a></li>
1041
1042  <li><a href="http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/tags/isenkram">isenkram (7)</a></li>
1043
1044  <li><a href="http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/tags/kart">kart (18)</a></li>
1045
1046  <li><a href="http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/tags/ldap">ldap (8)</a></li>
1047
1048  <li><a href="http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/tags/lenker">lenker (6)</a></li>
1049
1050  <li><a href="http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/tags/ltsp">ltsp (1)</a></li>
1051
1052  <li><a href="http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/tags/multimedia">multimedia (25)</a></li>
1053
1054  <li><a href="http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/tags/norsk">norsk (234)</a></li>
1055
1056  <li><a href="http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/tags/nuug">nuug (153)</a></li>
1057
1058  <li><a href="http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/tags/offentlig innsyn">offentlig innsyn (8)</a></li>
1059
1060  <li><a href="http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/tags/open311">open311 (2)</a></li>
1061
1062  <li><a href="http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/tags/opphavsrett">opphavsrett (44)</a></li>
1063
1064  <li><a href="http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/tags/personvern">personvern (65)</a></li>
1065
1066  <li><a href="http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/tags/raid">raid (1)</a></li>
1067
1068  <li><a href="http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/tags/reprap">reprap (11)</a></li>
1069
1070  <li><a href="http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/tags/rfid">rfid (2)</a></li>
1071
1072  <li><a href="http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/tags/robot">robot (7)</a></li>
1073
1074  <li><a href="http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/tags/rss">rss (1)</a></li>
1075
1076  <li><a href="http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/tags/ruter">ruter (4)</a></li>
1077
1078  <li><a href="http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/tags/scraperwiki">scraperwiki (2)</a></li>
1079
1080  <li><a href="http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/tags/sikkerhet">sikkerhet (29)</a></li>
1081
1082  <li><a href="http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/tags/sitesummary">sitesummary (4)</a></li>
1083
1084  <li><a href="http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/tags/skepsis">skepsis (4)</a></li>
1085
1086  <li><a href="http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/tags/standard">standard (43)</a></li>
1087
1088  <li><a href="http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/tags/stavekontroll">stavekontroll (3)</a></li>
1089
1090  <li><a href="http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/tags/stortinget">stortinget (7)</a></li>
1091
1092  <li><a href="http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/tags/surveillance">surveillance (15)</a></li>
1093
1094  <li><a href="http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/tags/sysadmin">sysadmin (1)</a></li>
1095
1096  <li><a href="http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/tags/valg">valg (7)</a></li>
1097
1098  <li><a href="http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/tags/video">video (38)</a></li>
1099
1100  <li><a href="http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/tags/vitenskap">vitenskap (4)</a></li>
1101
1102  <li><a href="http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/tags/web">web (26)</a></li>
1103
1104 </ul>
1105
1106
1107     </div>
1108     <p style="text-align: right">
1109  Created by <a href="http://steve.org.uk/Software/chronicle">Chronicle v4.6</a>
1110 </p>
1111
1112   </body>
1113 </html>