blog/archive/2013/01/01.rss

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   3         <channel>
   4                 <title>Petter Reinholdtsen - Entries from January 2013</title>
   5                 <description>Entries from January 2013</description>
   6                 <link>http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/</link>
   7
   8
   9         <item>
  10                 <title>Modalias strings - a practical way to map &quot;stuff&quot; to hardware</title>
  11                 <link>http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/Modalias_strings___a_practical_way_to_map__stuff__to_hardware.html</link>
  12                 <guid isPermaLink="true">http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/Modalias_strings___a_practical_way_to_map__stuff__to_hardware.html</guid>
  13                 <pubDate>Mon, 14 Jan 2013 11:20:00 +0100</pubDate>
  14                 <description>&lt;p&gt;While looking into how to look up Debian packages based on hardware
  15 information, to find the packages that support a given piece of
  16 hardware, I refreshed my memory regarding modalias values, and decided
  17 to document the details.  Here are my findings so far, also available
  18 in
  19 &lt;a href=&quot;http://anonscm.debian.org/viewvc/debian-edu/trunk/src/hw-support-handler/&quot;&gt;the
  20 Debian Edu subversion repository&lt;/a&gt;:
  21
  22 &lt;p&gt;&lt;strong&gt;Modalias decoded&lt;/strong&gt;&lt;/p&gt;
  23
  24 &lt;p&gt;This document try to explain what the different types of modalias
  25 values stands for.  It is in part based on information from
  26 &amp;lt;URL: &lt;a href=&quot;https://wiki.archlinux.org/index.php/Modalias&quot;&gt;https://wiki.archlinux.org/index.php/Modalias&lt;/a&gt; &amp;gt;,
  27 &amp;lt;URL: &lt;a href=&quot;http://unix.stackexchange.com/questions/26132/how-to-assign-usb-driver-to-device&quot;&gt;http://unix.stackexchange.com/questions/26132/how-to-assign-usb-driver-to-device&lt;/a&gt; &amp;gt;,
  28 &amp;lt;URL: &lt;a href=&quot;http://code.metager.de/source/history/linux/stable/scripts/mod/file2alias.c&quot;&gt;http://code.metager.de/source/history/linux/stable/scripts/mod/file2alias.c&lt;/a&gt; &amp;gt; and
  29 &amp;lt;URL: &lt;a href=&quot;http://cvs.savannah.gnu.org/viewvc/dmidecode/dmidecode.c?root=dmidecode&amp;view=markup&quot;&gt;http://cvs.savannah.gnu.org/viewvc/dmidecode/dmidecode.c?root=dmidecode&amp;view=markup&lt;/a&gt; &amp;gt;.
  30
  31 &lt;p&gt;The modalias entries for a given Linux machine can be found using
  32 this shell script:&lt;/p&gt;
  33
  34 &lt;pre&gt;
  35 cat $(find /sys -name modalias) | sort -u
  36 &lt;/pre&gt;
  37
  38 &lt;p&gt;The supported modalias globs for a given kernel module can be found
  39 using modinfo:&lt;/p&gt;
  40
  41 &lt;pre&gt;
  42 % /sbin/modinfo psmouse | grep alias:
  43 alias:          serio:ty05pr*id*ex*
  44 alias:          serio:ty01pr*id*ex*
  45 %
  46 &lt;/pre&gt;
  47
  48 &lt;p&gt;&lt;strong&gt;PCI subtype&lt;/strong&gt;&lt;/p&gt;
  49
  50 &lt;p&gt;A typical PCI entry can look like this.  This is an Intel Host
  51 Bridge memory controller:&lt;/p&gt;
  52
  53 &lt;p&gt;&lt;blockquote&gt;
  54 pci:v00008086d00002770sv00001028sd000001ADbc06sc00i00
  55 &lt;/blockquote&gt;&lt;/p&gt;
  56
  57 &lt;p&gt;This represent these values:&lt;/p&gt;
  58
  59 &lt;pre&gt;
  60  v   00008086  (vendor)
  61  d   00002770  (device)
  62  sv  00001028  (subvendor)
  63  sd  000001AD  (subdevice)
  64  bc  06        (bus class)
  65  sc  00        (bus subclass)
  66  i   00        (interface)
  67 &lt;/pre&gt;
  68
  69 &lt;p&gt;The vendor/device values are the same values outputted from &#39;lspci
  70 -n&#39; as 8086:2770.  The bus class/subclass is also shown by lspci as
  71 0600.  The 0600 class is a host bridge.  Other useful bus values are
  72 0300 (VGA compatible card) and 0200 (Ethernet controller).&lt;/p&gt;
  73
  74 &lt;p&gt;Not sure how to figure out the interface value, nor what it
  75 means.&lt;/p&gt;
  76
  77 &lt;p&gt;&lt;strong&gt;USB subtype&lt;/strong&gt;&lt;/p&gt;
  78
  79 &lt;p&gt;Some typical USB entries can look like this.  This is an internal
  80 USB hub in a laptop:&lt;/p&gt;
  81
  82 &lt;p&gt;&lt;blockquote&gt;
  83 usb:v1D6Bp0001d0206dc09dsc00dp00ic09isc00ip00
  84 &lt;/blockquote&gt;&lt;/p&gt;
  85
  86 &lt;p&gt;Here is the values included in this alias:&lt;/p&gt;
  87
  88 &lt;pre&gt;
  89  v    1D6B  (device vendor)
  90  p    0001  (device product)
  91  d    0206  (bcddevice)
  92  dc     09  (device class)
  93  dsc    00  (device subclass)
  94  dp     00  (device protocol)
  95  ic     09  (interface class)
  96  isc    00  (interface subclass)
  97  ip     00  (interface protocol)
  98 &lt;/pre&gt;
  99
 100 &lt;p&gt;The 0900 device class/subclass means hub.  Some times the relevant
 101 class is in the interface class section.  For a simple USB web camera,
 102 these alias entries show up:&lt;/p&gt;
 103
 104 &lt;p&gt;&lt;blockquote&gt;
 105 usb:v0AC8p3420d5000dcEFdsc02dp01ic01isc01ip00
 106 &lt;br&gt;usb:v0AC8p3420d5000dcEFdsc02dp01ic01isc02ip00
 107 &lt;br&gt;usb:v0AC8p3420d5000dcEFdsc02dp01ic0Eisc01ip00
 108 &lt;br&gt;usb:v0AC8p3420d5000dcEFdsc02dp01ic0Eisc02ip00
 109 &lt;/blockquote&gt;&lt;/p&gt;
 110
 111 &lt;p&gt;Interface class 0E01 is video control, 0E02 is video streaming (aka
 112 camera), 0101 is audio control device and 0102 is audio streaming (aka
 113 microphone).  Thus this is a camera with microphone included.&lt;/p&gt;
 114
 115 &lt;p&gt;&lt;strong&gt;ACPI subtype&lt;/strong&gt;&lt;/p&gt;
 116
 117 &lt;p&gt;The ACPI type is used for several non-PCI/USB stuff.  This is an IR
 118 receiver in a Thinkpad X40:&lt;/p&gt;
 119
 120 &lt;p&gt;&lt;blockquote&gt;
 121 acpi:IBM0071:PNP0511:
 122 &lt;/blockquote&gt;&lt;/p&gt;
 123
 124 &lt;p&gt;The values between the colons are IDs.&lt;/p&gt;
 125
 126 &lt;p&gt;&lt;strong&gt;DMI subtype&lt;/strong&gt;&lt;/p&gt;
 127
 128 &lt;p&gt;The DMI table contain lots of information about the computer case
 129 and model.  This is an entry for a IBM Thinkpad X40, fetched from
 130 /sys/devices/virtual/dmi/id/modalias:&lt;/p&gt;
 131
 132 &lt;p&gt;&lt;blockquote&gt;
 133 dmi:bvnIBM:bvr1UETB6WW(1.66):bd06/15/2005:svnIBM:pn2371H4G:pvrThinkPadX40:rvnIBM:rn2371H4G:rvrNotAvailable:cvnIBM:ct10:cvrNotAvailable:
 134 &lt;/blockquote&gt;&lt;/p&gt;
 135
 136 &lt;p&gt;The values present are&lt;/p&gt;
 137
 138 &lt;pre&gt;
 139  bvn  IBM            (BIOS vendor)
 140  bvr  1UETB6WW(1.66) (BIOS version)
 141  bd   06/15/2005     (BIOS date)
 142  svn  IBM            (system vendor)
 143  pn   2371H4G        (product name)
 144  pvr  ThinkPadX40    (product version)
 145  rvn  IBM            (board vendor)
 146  rn   2371H4G        (board name)
 147  rvr  NotAvailable   (board version)
 148  cvn  IBM            (chassis vendor)
 149  ct   10             (chassis type)
 150  cvr  NotAvailable   (chassis version)
 151 &lt;/pre&gt;
 152
 153 &lt;p&gt;The chassis type 10 is Notebook.  Other interesting values can be
 154 found in the dmidecode source:&lt;/p&gt;
 155
 156 &lt;pre&gt;
 157   3 Desktop
 158   4 Low Profile Desktop
 159   5 Pizza Box
 160   6 Mini Tower
 161   7 Tower
 162   8 Portable
 163   9 Laptop
 164  10 Notebook
 165  11 Hand Held
 166  12 Docking Station
 167  13 All In One
 168  14 Sub Notebook
 169  15 Space-saving
 170  16 Lunch Box
 171  17 Main Server Chassis
 172  18 Expansion Chassis
 173  19 Sub Chassis
 174  20 Bus Expansion Chassis
 175  21 Peripheral Chassis
 176  22 RAID Chassis
 177  23 Rack Mount Chassis
 178  24 Sealed-case PC
 179  25 Multi-system
 180  26 CompactPCI
 181  27 AdvancedTCA
 182  28 Blade
 183  29 Blade Enclosing
 184 &lt;/pre&gt;
 185
 186 &lt;p&gt;The chassis type values are not always accurately set in the DMI
 187 table.  For example my home server is a tower, but the DMI modalias
 188 claim it is a desktop.&lt;/p&gt;
 189
 190 &lt;p&gt;&lt;strong&gt;SerIO subtype&lt;/strong&gt;&lt;/p&gt;
 191
 192 &lt;p&gt;This type is used for PS/2 mouse plugs.  One example is from my
 193 test machine:&lt;/p&gt;
 194
 195 &lt;p&gt;&lt;blockquote&gt;
 196 serio:ty01pr00id00ex00
 197 &lt;/blockquote&gt;&lt;/p&gt;
 198
 199 &lt;p&gt;The values present are&lt;/p&gt;
 200
 201 &lt;pre&gt;
 202   ty  01  (type)
 203   pr  00  (prototype)
 204   id  00  (id)
 205   ex  00  (extra)
 206 &lt;/pre&gt;
 207
 208 &lt;p&gt;This type is supported by the psmouse driver.  I am not sure what
 209 the valid values are.&lt;/p&gt;
 210
 211 &lt;p&gt;&lt;strong&gt;Other subtypes&lt;/strong&gt;&lt;/p&gt;
 212
 213 &lt;p&gt;There are heaps of other modalias subtypes according to
 214 file2alias.c.  There is the rest of the list from that source: amba,
 215 ap, bcma, ccw, css, eisa, hid, i2c, ieee1394, input, ipack, isapnp,
 216 mdio, of, parisc, pcmcia, platform, scsi, sdio, spi, ssb, vio, virtio,
 217 vmbus, x86cpu and zorro.  I did not spend time documenting all of
 218 these, as they do not seem relevant for my intended use with mapping
 219 hardware to packages when new stuff is inserted during run time.&lt;/p&gt;
 220
 221 &lt;p&gt;&lt;strong&gt;Looking up kernel modules using modalias values&lt;/strong&gt;&lt;/p&gt;
 222
 223 &lt;p&gt;To check which kernel modules provide support for a given modalias,
 224 one can use the following shell script:&lt;/p&gt;
 225
 226 &lt;pre&gt;
 227   for id in $(cat $(find /sys -name modalias)|sort -u); do \
 228     echo &quot;$id&quot; ; \
 229     /sbin/modprobe --show-depends &quot;$id&quot;|sed &#39;s/^/  /&#39; ; \
 230   done
 231 &lt;/pre&gt;
 232
 233 &lt;p&gt;The output can look like this (only the first few entries as the
 234 list is very long on my test machine):&lt;/p&gt;
 235
 236 &lt;pre&gt;
 237   acpi:ACPI0003:
 238     insmod /lib/modules/2.6.32-5-686/kernel/drivers/acpi/ac.ko
 239   acpi:device:
 240   FATAL: Module acpi:device: not found.
 241   acpi:IBM0068:
 242     insmod /lib/modules/2.6.32-5-686/kernel/drivers/char/nvram.ko
 243     insmod /lib/modules/2.6.32-5-686/kernel/drivers/leds/led-class.ko
 244     insmod /lib/modules/2.6.32-5-686/kernel/net/rfkill/rfkill.ko
 245     insmod /lib/modules/2.6.32-5-686/kernel/drivers/platform/x86/thinkpad_acpi.ko
 246   acpi:IBM0071:PNP0511:
 247     insmod /lib/modules/2.6.32-5-686/kernel/lib/crc-ccitt.ko
 248     insmod /lib/modules/2.6.32-5-686/kernel/net/irda/irda.ko
 249     insmod /lib/modules/2.6.32-5-686/kernel/drivers/net/irda/nsc-ircc.ko
 250   [...]
 251 &lt;/pre&gt;
 252
 253 &lt;p&gt;If you want to help implementing a system to let us propose what
 254 packages to install when new hardware is plugged into a Debian
 255 machine, please send me an email or talk to me on
 256 &lt;a href=&quot;irc://irc.debian.org/%23debian-devel&quot;&gt;#debian-devel&lt;/a&gt;.&lt;/p&gt;
 257 </description>
 258         </item>
 259
 260         <item>
 261                 <title>Moved the pymissile Debian packaging to collab-maint</title>
 262                 <link>http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/Moved_the_pymissile_Debian_packaging_to_collab_maint.html</link>
 263                 <guid isPermaLink="true">http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/Moved_the_pymissile_Debian_packaging_to_collab_maint.html</guid>
 264                 <pubDate>Thu, 10 Jan 2013 20:40:00 +0100</pubDate>
 265                 <description>&lt;p&gt;As part of my investigation on how to improve the support in Debian
 266 for hardware dongles, I dug up my old Mark and Spencer USB Rocket
 267 Launcher and updated the Debian package
 268 &lt;a href=&quot;http://packages.qa.debian.org/pymissile&quot;&gt;pymissile&lt;/a&gt; to make
 269 sure udev will fix the device permissions when it is plugged in.  I
 270 also added a &quot;Modaliases&quot; header to test it in the Debian archive and
 271 hopefully make the package be proposed by jockey in Ubuntu when a user
 272 plug in his rocket launcher.  In the process I moved the source to a
 273 git repository under collab-maint, to make it easier for any DD to
 274 contribute.  &lt;a href=&quot;http://code.google.com/p/pymissile/&quot;&gt;Upstream&lt;/a&gt;
 275 is not very active, but the software still work for me even after five
 276 years of relative silence.  The new git repository is not listed in
 277 the uploaded package yet, because I want to test the other changes a
 278 bit more before I upload the new version.  If you want to check out
 279 the new version with a .desktop file included, visit the
 280 &lt;a href=&quot;http://anonscm.debian.org/gitweb/?p=collab-maint/pymissile.git&quot;&gt;gitweb
 281 view&lt;/a&gt; or use &quot;&lt;tt&gt;git clone
 282 git://anonscm.debian.org/collab-maint/pymissile.git&lt;/tt&gt;&quot;.&lt;/p&gt;
 283 </description>
 284         </item>
 285
 286         <item>
 287                 <title>Lets make hardware dongles easier to use in Debian</title>
 288                 <link>http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/Lets_make_hardware_dongles_easier_to_use_in_Debian.html</link>
 289                 <guid isPermaLink="true">http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/Lets_make_hardware_dongles_easier_to_use_in_Debian.html</guid>
 290                 <pubDate>Wed, 9 Jan 2013 15:40:00 +0100</pubDate>
 291                 <description>&lt;p&gt;One thing that annoys me with Debian and Linux distributions in
 292 general, is that there is a great package management system with the
 293 ability to automatically install software packages by downloading them
 294 from the distribution mirrors, but no way to get it to automatically
 295 install the packages I need to use the hardware I plug into my
 296 machine.  Even if the package to use it is easily available from the
 297 Linux distribution.  When I plug in a LEGO Mindstorms NXT, it could
 298 suggest to automatically install the python-nxt, nbc and t2n packages
 299 I need to talk to it.  When I plug in a Yubikey, it could propose the
 300 yubikey-personalization package.  The information required to do this
 301 is available, but no-one have pulled all the pieces together.&lt;/p&gt;
 302
 303 &lt;p&gt;Some years ago, I proposed to
 304 &lt;a href=&quot;http://lists.debian.org/debian-devel/2010/05/msg01206.html&quot;&gt;use
 305 the discover subsystem to implement this&lt;/a&gt;.  The idea is fairly
 306 simple:
 307
 308 &lt;ul&gt;
 309
 310 &lt;li&gt;Add a desktop entry in /usr/share/autostart/ pointing to a program
 311   starting when a user log in.&lt;/li&gt;
 312
 313 &lt;li&gt;Set this program up to listen for kernel events emitted when new
 314   hardware is inserted into the computer.&lt;/li&gt;
 315
 316 &lt;li&gt;When new hardware is inserted, look up the hardware ID in a
 317   database mapping to packages, and take note of any non-installed
 318   packages.&lt;/li&gt;
 319
 320 &lt;li&gt;Show a message to the user proposing to install the discovered
 321   package, and make it easy to install it.&lt;/li&gt;
 322
 323 &lt;/ul&gt;
 324
 325 &lt;p&gt;I am not sure what the best way to implement this is, but my
 326 initial idea was to use dbus events to discover new hardware, the
 327 discover database to find packages and
 328 &lt;a href=&quot;http://www.packagekit.org/&quot;&gt;PackageKit&lt;/a&gt; to install
 329 packages.&lt;/p&gt;
 330
 331 &lt;p&gt;Yesterday, I found time to try to implement this idea, and the
 332 draft package is now checked into
 333 &lt;a href=&quot;http://anonscm.debian.org/viewvc/debian-edu/trunk/src/hw-support-handler/&quot;&gt;the
 334 Debian Edu subversion repository&lt;/a&gt;.  In the process, I updated the
 335 &lt;a href=&quot;http://packages.qa.debian.org/d/discover-data.html&quot;&gt;discover-data&lt;/a&gt;
 336 package to map the USB ids of LEGO Mindstorms and Yubikey devices to
 337 the relevant packages in Debian, and uploaded a new version
 338 2.2013.01.09 to unstable.  I also discovered that the current
 339 &lt;a href=&quot;http://packages.qa.debian.org/d/discover.html&quot;&gt;discover&lt;/a&gt;
 340 package in Debian no longer discovered any USB devices, because
 341 /proc/bus/usb/devices is no longer present.  I ported it to use
 342 libusb as a fall back option to get it working.  The fixed package
 343 version 2.1.2-6 is now in experimental (didn&#39;t upload it to unstable
 344 because of the freeze).&lt;/p&gt;
 345
 346 &lt;p&gt;With this prototype in place, I can insert my Yubikey, and get this
 347 desktop notification to show up (only once, the first time it is
 348 inserted):&lt;/p&gt;
 349
 350 &lt;p align=&quot;center&quot;&gt;&lt;img src=&quot;http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/images/2013-01-09-hw-autoinstall.png&quot;&gt;&lt;/p&gt;
 351
 352 &lt;p&gt;For this prototype to be really useful, some way to automatically
 353 install the proposed packages by pressing the &quot;Please install
 354 program(s)&quot; button should to be implemented.&lt;/p&gt;
 355
 356 &lt;p&gt;If this idea seem useful to you, and you want to help make it
 357 happen, please help me update the discover-data database with mappings
 358 from hardware to Debian packages.  Check if &#39;discover-pkginstall -l&#39;
 359 list the package you would like to have installed when a given
 360 hardware device is inserted into your computer, and report bugs using
 361 reportbug if it isn&#39;t.  Or, if you know of a better way to provide
 362 such mapping, please let me know.&lt;/p&gt;
 363
 364 &lt;p&gt;This prototype need more work, and there are several questions that
 365 should be considered before it is ready for production use.  Is dbus
 366 the correct way to detect new hardware?  At the moment I look for HAL
 367 dbus events on the system bus, because that is the events I could see
 368 on my Debian Squeeze KDE desktop.  Are there better events to use?
 369 How should the user be notified?  Is the desktop notification
 370 mechanism the best option, or should the background daemon raise a
 371 popup instead?  How should packages be installed?  When should they
 372 not be installed?&lt;/p&gt;
 373
 374 &lt;p&gt;If you want to help getting such feature implemented in Debian,
 375 please send me an email. :)&lt;/p&gt;
 376 </description>
 377         </item>
 378
 379         <item>
 380                 <title>New IRC channel for LEGO designers using Debian</title>
 381                 <link>http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/New_IRC_channel_for_LEGO_designers_using_Debian.html</link>
 382                 <guid isPermaLink="true">http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/New_IRC_channel_for_LEGO_designers_using_Debian.html</guid>
 383                 <pubDate>Wed, 2 Jan 2013 15:40:00 +0100</pubDate>
 384                 <description>&lt;p&gt;During Christmas, I have worked a bit on the Debian support for
 385 &lt;a href=&quot;http://mindstorms.lego.com/en-us/Default.aspx&quot;&gt;LEGO Mindstorm
 386 NXT&lt;/a&gt;.  My son and I have played a bit with my NXT set, and I
 387 discovered I had to build all the tools myself because none were
 388 already in Debian Squeeze.  If Debian support for LEGO is something
 389 you care about, please join me on the IRC channel
 390 &lt;a href=&quot;irc://irc.debian.org/%23debian-lego&quot;&gt;#debian-lego&lt;/a&gt; (server
 391 irc.debian.org).  There is a lot that could be done to improve the
 392 Debian support for LEGO designers.  For example both CAD software
 393 and Mindstorm compilers are missing. :)&lt;/p&gt;
 394
 395 &lt;p&gt;Update 2012-01-03: A
 396 &lt;a href=&quot;http://wiki.debian.org/LegoDesigners&quot;&gt;project page&lt;/a&gt;
 397 including links to Lego related packages is now available.&lt;/p&gt;
 398 </description>
 399         </item>
 400
 401         <item>
 402                 <title>Lenker for 2013-01-01</title>
 403                 <link>http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/Lenker_for_2013_01_01.html</link>
 404                 <guid isPermaLink="true">http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/Lenker_for_2013_01_01.html</guid>
 405                 <pubDate>Tue, 1 Jan 2013 09:20:00 +0100</pubDate>
 406                 <description>&lt;p&gt;Her er noen lenker til tekster jeg har satt pris på å lese den
 407 siste måneden.&lt;/p&gt;
 408
 409 &lt;ul&gt;
 410
 411 &lt;li&gt;2012-12-07
 412   &lt;a href=&quot;http://www.idg.no/computerworld/article262047.ece&quot;&gt;Myter og
 413   FUD om fri programvare&lt;/a&gt; av min venn Christer Gundersen som
 414   kommenterer noen av de påstandene som er spredt via Computerworld
 415   Norge de siste månedene.&lt;/li&gt;
 416
 417 &lt;li&gt;BankID er et opplegg der utsteder (dvs. banken eller dens
 418   leverandør) sitter på alt som trengs for å bruke BankID, men har
 419   lovet å ikke bruke den unntatt på oppdrag fra deg.  Det er greit nok
 420   for banktjenester, der banken allerede har full kontroll over
 421   resultatet, men problematisk når det gjelder tilgang til
 422   helseopplysninger og avtaleinngåelse med andre enn banken.  Jeg
 423   håper protestene brer om seg.
 424
 425   &lt;ul&gt;
 426
 427   &lt;li&gt;2012-12-11 &lt;a href=&quot;http://www.aftenposten.no/meninger/debatt/BankID-blottlegger-helseopplysninger-7067148.html&quot;&gt;BankID
 428     blottlegger helseopplysninger&lt;/a&gt;&lt;/li&gt;
 429
 430   &lt;li&gt;2012-12-07 &lt;a href=&quot;http://www.nrk.no/nyheter/norge/1.9695027&quot;&gt;-
 431     Helseopplysningene ikke sikre med Bank-ID&lt;/a&gt;&lt;/li&gt;
 432
 433   &lt;li&gt;2012-12-07
 434     &lt;a href=&quot;https://www.bankid.no/Presse-og-nyheter/Nyhetsarkiv/2012/Papeker-alvorlige-men-kjente-utfordringer/&quot;&gt;Påpeker
 435     alvorlige, men kjente utfordringer&lt;/a&gt; er den offisielle
 436     holdningen til de som lager BankID.&lt;/li&gt;
 437
 438   &lt;li&gt;2012-12-08
 439     &lt;a href=&quot;http://www.tnp.no/norway/panorama/3419-ntnu-researcher-warns-against-security-of-bank-id-password&quot;&gt;NTNU
 440       Researcher Warns against Security of Bank ID Password&lt;/a&gt;
 441
 442   &lt;/ul&gt;
 443
 444 &lt;li&gt;2012-12-11 &lt;a href=&quot;http://www.aftenposten.no/nyheter/iriks/Norske-elever-er-darligst-i-Europa-pa-algebra-7066752.html&quot;&gt;Norske elever er dårligst i Europa på algebra&lt;/a&gt;
 445
 446 &lt;li&gt;2012-12-11
 447   &lt;a href=&quot;http://www.aftenposten.no/meninger/debatt/Realfagsdodaren-7067173.html&quot;&gt;Realfagsdødaren&lt;/a&gt;
 448
 449 &lt;li&gt;2012-12-21
 450   &lt;a href=&quot;http://www.bt.no/nyheter/innenriks/112/--Forventningene-er-for-hoye-2816450.html&quot;&gt;-
 451   Noen må bli skuffet&lt;/a&gt; - Politiet i Bergen forteller hvor lavt de
 452   prioriterer hverdagskriminalitet.&lt;/li&gt;
 453
 454 &lt;li&gt;2012-05-03
 455   &lt;a href=&quot;http://e24.no/jobb/kripos-ansatt-doemt-for-snoking-for-venn/20208585&quot;&gt;
 456   Kripos-ansatt dømt for snoking for venn&lt;/A&gt; - viser hvor svak
 457   reaksjonen blir når politiet misbruker innsamlet informasjon.  En
 458   forvarsel på konsekvensene av nasjonal brev- og besøkskontroll -
 459   ofte kalt Datalagringsdirektivet.&lt;/li&gt;
 460
 461 &lt;li&gt;2012-12-14
 462   &lt;a href=&quot;http://www.dagbladet.no/2012/12/14/kultur/debatt/kronikk/jul/ensomhet/24838541/&quot;&gt;Å
 463   smøre en forskjell&lt;/a&gt; - om ensomhet og jul.&lt;/li&gt;
 464
 465 &lt;li&gt;2012-12-18
 466   &lt;a href=&quot;http://www.aftenposten.no/meninger/kronikker/n-krise-av-gangen_-takk-7072452.html&quot;&gt;Én
 467   krise av gangen, takk!&lt;/a&gt;
 468
 469
 470 &lt;li&gt;2012-12-17
 471   &lt;a href=&quot;http://www.aftenposten.no/meninger/NAV-Et-mangehodet-monster--7072165.html&quot;&gt;NAV:
 472   Et mangehodet monster&lt;/a&gt;&lt;/li&gt;
 473
 474 &lt;li&gt;2011-01-12
 475   &lt;a href=&quot;http://www.dagbladet.no/2011/01/12/kultur/debatt/kronikk/personvern/15027203/&quot;&gt;Pasienter
 476   uten vern&lt;/a&gt; - forteller litt om hvordan Norsk Pasientregister og
 477   andre helseregister raderer bort pasienters privatsfære.&lt;/li&gt;
 478
 479
 480 &lt;li&gt;2012-12-19
 481   &lt;a href=&quot;http://www.aftenposten.no/meninger/debatt/Hvorfor-er-barnefamilier-fattige-7073951.html&quot;&gt;Hvorfor
 482   er barnefamilier fattige?&lt;/a&gt;&lt;/li&gt;
 483
 484 &lt;li&gt;2012-12-25
 485   &lt;a href=&quot;http://www.aftenposten.no/meninger/spaltister/Den-skjulte-minoriteten--konservative-kristne-i-Norge-7075518.html&quot;&gt;Den
 486   skjulte minoriteten – konservative kristne i Norge&lt;/a&gt; - kronikk av
 487   Bjørn Stærk fra aftenposten&lt;/li&gt;
 488
 489 &lt;li&gt;2009-05-04
 490   &lt;a href=&quot;http://deltemeninger.no/-/bulletin/show/303429_folkebiblioteket-2-0?ref=checkpoint&quot;&gt;Folkebiblioteket
 491   2.0&lt;/a&gt; - Min venn Sturle om opphavsrett og Internett, i debatt med
 492   Olav Torvund.&lt;/li&gt;
 493
 494 &lt;/ul&gt;
 495
 496 &lt;p&gt;Og et godt nytt år til dere alle!&lt;/p&gt;
 497 </description>
 498         </item>
 499
 500         </channel>
 501 </rss>