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  13  <h1>
  14      <a href="http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/">Petter Reinholdtsen</a>
  15
  16  </h1>
  17
  18 </div>
  19
  20
  21
  22     <div class="entry">
  23       <div class="title"><a href="http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/Alle_Stortingets_mobiltelefoner_kontrolleres_fra_USA___.html">Alle Stortingets mobiltelefoner kontrolleres fra USA...</a></div>
  24       <div class="date"> 7th October 2015</div>
  25       <div class="body"><p>Jeg lot meg fascinere av
  26 <a href="http://www.aftenposten.no/nyheter/iriks/politikk/Stortinget-har-tilgang-til-a-fjernstyre-600-mobiler-8192692.html">en
  27 artikkel i Aftenposten</a> der det fortelles at over 600 telefoner som
  28 benyttes av stortingsrepresentanter, rådgivere og ansatte på
  29 Stortinget, kan «fjernstyres» ved hjelp av programvaren Airwatch, et
  30 såkalte MDM-program (Mobile Device Managment).  Det hele
  31 bagatelliseres av Stortingets IT-stab, men det er i hovedsak på grunn
  32 av at journalisten ikke stiller de relevante spørsmålene.  For meg er
  33 det relevante spørsmålet hvem som har lovlig tilgang (i henhold til
  34 lokal lovgiving, dvs. i hvert fall i Norge, Sverige, UK og USA) til
  35 informasjon om og på telefonene, og hvor enkelt det er å skaffe seg
  36 tilgang til hvor mobilene befinner seg og informasjon som befinner seg
  37 på telefonene ved hjelp av utro tjenere, trusler, innbrudd og andre
  38 ulovlige metoder.</p>
  39
  40 <p>Bruken av AirWatch betyr i realiteten at USAs etteretning og
  41 politimyndigheter har full tilgang til stortingets mobiltelefoner,
  42 inkludert posisjon og innhold, takket være
  43 <a href="https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Foreign_Intelligence_Surveillance_Act_of_1978_Amendments_Act_of_2008">FISAAA-loven</a>
  44 og
  45 "<a href="https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/National_security_letter">National
  46 Security Letters</a>" og det enkle faktum at AirWatch er kontrollert
  47 av et selskap i USA.  I tillegg er det kjent at kan flere lands
  48 etterretningstjenester kan lytte på trafikken når den passerer
  49 landegrensene.</p>
  50
  51 <p>Jeg har bedt om mer informasjon
  52 <a href="https://www.mimesbronn.no/request/saksnummer_for_saker_anganede_br">fra
  53 Stortinget om bruken av AirWatch</a> via Mimes brønn så får vi se hva
  54 de har å fortelle om saken.  Fant ingenting om 'airwatch' i
  55 postjournalen til Stortinget, så jeg trenger hjelp før jeg kan be om
  56 innsyn i konkrete dokumenter.</p>
  57 </div>
  58       <div class="tags">
  59
  60
  61         Tags: <a href="http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/tags/norsk">norsk</a>, <a href="http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/tags/offentlig innsyn">offentlig innsyn</a>, <a href="http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/tags/personvern">personvern</a>, <a href="http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/tags/sikkerhet">sikkerhet</a>, <a href="http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/tags/stortinget">stortinget</a>, <a href="http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/tags/surveillance">surveillance</a>.
  62
  63
  64       </div>
  65     </div>
  66     <div class="padding"></div>
  67
  68     <div class="entry">
  69       <div class="title"><a href="http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/French_Docbook_PDF_EPUB_MOBI_edition_of_the_Free_Culture_book.html">French Docbook/PDF/EPUB/MOBI edition of the Free Culture book</a></div>
  70       <div class="date"> 1st October 2015</div>
  71       <div class="body"><p>As I wrap up the Norwegian version of
  72 <a href="https://github.com/petterreinholdtsen/free-culture-lessig">Free
  73 Culture</a> book by Lawrence Lessig (still waiting for my final proof
  74 reading copy to arrive in the mail), my great
  75 <a href="http://dblatex.sourceforge.net/">dblatex</a> helper and
  76 developer of the dblatex docbook processor, Benoît Guillon, decided a
  77 to try to create a French version of the book.  He started with the
  78 French translation available from the
  79 <a href="http://www.wikilivres.ca/wiki/Culture_libre">Wikilivres wiki
  80 pages</a>, and wrote a program to convert it into a PO file, allowing
  81 the translation to be integrated into the po4a based framework I use
  82 to create the Norwegian translation from the English edition.  We meet
  83 on the <a href="irc://irc.freenode.net/%23dblatex">#dblatex IRC
  84 channel</a> to discuss the work.  If you want to help create a French
  85 edition, check out
  86 <a href="https://github.com/marsgui/free-culture-lessig">his git
  87 repository</a> and join us on IRC.  If the French edition look good,
  88 we might publish it as a paper book on lulu.com.  A French version of
  89 the drawings and the cover need to be provided for this to happen.</p>
  90 </div>
  91       <div class="tags">
  92
  93
  94         Tags: <a href="http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/tags/docbook">docbook</a>, <a href="http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/tags/english">english</a>, <a href="http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/tags/freeculture">freeculture</a>.
  95
  96
  97       </div>
  98     </div>
  99     <div class="padding"></div>
 100
 101     <div class="entry">
 102       <div class="title"><a href="http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/The_life_and_death_of_a_laptop_battery.html">The life and death of a laptop battery</a></div>
 103       <div class="date">24th September 2015</div>
 104       <div class="body"><p>When I get a new laptop, the battery life time at the start is OK.
 105 But this do not last.  The last few laptops gave me a feeling that
 106 within a year, the life time is just a fraction of what it used to be,
 107 and it slowly become painful to use the laptop without power connected
 108 all the time.  Because of this, when I got a new Thinkpad X230 laptop
 109 about two years ago, I decided to monitor its battery state to have
 110 more hard facts when the battery started to fail.</p>
 111
 112 <img src="http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/images/2015-09-24-laptop-battery-graph.png"/>
 113
 114 <p>First I tried to find a sensible Debian package to record the
 115 battery status, assuming that this must be a problem already handled
 116 by someone else.  I found
 117 <a href="https://tracker.debian.org/pkg/battery-stats">battery-stats</a>,
 118 which collects statistics from the battery, but it was completely
 119 broken.  I sent a few suggestions to the maintainer, but decided to
 120 write my own collector as a shell script while I waited for feedback
 121 from him.  Via
 122 <a href="http://www.ifweassume.com/2013/08/the-de-evolution-of-my-laptop-battery.html">a
 123 blog post about the battery development on a MacBook Air</a> I also
 124 discovered
 125 <a href="https://github.com/jradavenport/batlog.git">batlog</a>, not
 126 available in Debian.</p>
 127
 128 <p>I started my collector 2013-07-15, and it has been collecting
 129 battery stats ever since. Now my
 130 /var/log/hjemmenett-battery-status.log file contain around 115,000
 131 measurements, from the time the battery was working great until now,
 132 when it is unable to charge above 7% of original capacity.  My
 133 collector shell script is quite simple and look like this:</p>
 134
 135 <pre>
 136 #!/bin/sh
 137 # Inspired by
 138 # http://www.ifweassume.com/2013/08/the-de-evolution-of-my-laptop-battery.html
 139 # See also
 140 # http://blog.sleeplessbeastie.eu/2013/01/02/debian-how-to-monitor-battery-capacity/
 141 logfile=/var/log/hjemmenett-battery-status.log
 142
 143 files="manufacturer model_name technology serial_number \
 144     energy_full energy_full_design energy_now cycle_count status"
 145
 146 if [ ! -e "$logfile" ] ; then
 147     (
 148         printf "timestamp,"
 149         for f in $files; do
 150             printf "%s," $f
 151         done
 152         echo
 153     ) > "$logfile"
 154 fi
 155
 156 log_battery() {
 157     # Print complete message in one echo call, to avoid race condition
 158     # when several log processes run in parallel.
 159     msg=$(printf "%s," $(date +%s); \
 160         for f in $files; do \
 161             printf "%s," $(cat $f); \
 162         done)
 163     echo "$msg"
 164 }
 165
 166 cd /sys/class/power_supply
 167
 168 for bat in BAT*; do
 169     (cd $bat && log_battery >> "$logfile")
 170 done
 171 </pre>
 172
 173 <p>The script is called when the power management system detect a
 174 change in the power status (power plug in or out), and when going into
 175 and out of hibernation and suspend.  In addition, it collect a value
 176 every 10 minutes.  This make it possible for me know when the battery
 177 is discharging, charging and how the maximum charge change over time.
 178 The code for the Debian package
 179 <a href="https://github.com/petterreinholdtsen/battery-status">is now
 180 available on github</a>.</p>
 181
 182 <p>The collected log file look like this:</p>
 183
 184 <pre>
 185 timestamp,manufacturer,model_name,technology,serial_number,energy_full,energy_full_design,energy_now,cycle_count,status,
 186 1376591133,LGC,45N1025,Li-ion,974,62800000,62160000,39050000,0,Discharging,
 187 [...]
 188 1443090528,LGC,45N1025,Li-ion,974,4900000,62160000,4900000,0,Full,
 189 1443090601,LGC,45N1025,Li-ion,974,4900000,62160000,4900000,0,Full,
 190 </pre>
 191
 192 <p>I wrote a small script to create a graph of the charge development
 193 over time.  This graph depicted above show the slow death of my laptop
 194 battery.</p>
 195
 196 <p>But why is this happening?  Why are my laptop batteries always
 197 dying in a year or two, while the batteries of space probes and
 198 satellites keep working year after year.  If we are to believe
 199 <a href="http://batteryuniversity.com/learn/article/how_to_prolong_lithium_based_batteries">Battery
 200 University</a>, the cause is me charging the battery whenever I have a
 201 chance, and the fix is to not charge the Lithium-ion batteries to 100%
 202 all the time, but to stay below 90% of full charge most of the time.
 203 I've been told that the Tesla electric cars
 204 <a href="http://my.teslamotors.com/de_CH/forum/forums/battery-charge-limit">limit
 205 the charge of their batteries to 80%</a>, with the option to charge to
 206 100% when preparing for a longer trip (not that I would want a car
 207 like Tesla where rights to privacy is abandoned, but that is another
 208 story), which I guess is the option we should have for laptops on
 209 Linux too.</p>
 210
 211 <p>Is there a good and generic way with Linux to tell the battery to
 212 stop charging at 80%, unless requested to charge to 100% once in
 213 preparation for a longer trip?  I found
 214 <a href="http://askubuntu.com/questions/34452/how-can-i-limit-battery-charging-to-80-capacity">one
 215 recipe on askubuntu for Ubuntu to limit charging on Thinkpad to
 216 80%</a>, but could not get it to work (kernel module refused to
 217 load).</p>
 218
 219 <p>I wonder why the battery capacity was reported to be more than 100%
 220 at the start.  I also wonder why the "full capacity" increases some
 221 times, and if it is possible to repeat the process to get the battery
 222 back to design capacity.  And I wonder if the discharge and charge
 223 speed change over time, or if this stay the same.  I did not yet try
 224 to write a tool to calculate the derivative values of the battery
 225 level, but suspect some interesting insights might be learned from
 226 those.</p>
 227
 228 <p>Update 2015-09-24: I got a tip to install the packages
 229 acpi-call-dkms and tlp (unfortunately missing in Debian stable)
 230 packages instead of the tp-smapi-dkms package I had tried to use
 231 initially, and use 'tlp setcharge 40 80' to change when charging start
 232 and stop.  I've done so now, but expect my existing battery is toast
 233 and need to be replaced.  The proposal is unfortunately Thinkpad
 234 specific.</p>
 235 </div>
 236       <div class="tags">
 237
 238
 239         Tags: <a href="http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/tags/debian">debian</a>, <a href="http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/tags/english">english</a>.
 240
 241
 242       </div>
 243     </div>
 244     <div class="padding"></div>
 245
 246     <div class="entry">
 247       <div class="title"><a href="http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/Book_cover_for_the_Free_Culture_book_finally_done.html">Book cover for the Free Culture book finally done</a></div>
 248       <div class="date"> 3rd September 2015</div>
 249       <div class="body"><p>Creating a good looking book cover proved harder than I expected.
 250 I wanted to create a cover looking similar to the original cover of
 251 the
 252 <a href="https://github.com/petterreinholdtsen/free-culture-lessig">Free
 253 Culture</a> book we are translating to Norwegian, and I wanted it in
 254 vector format for high resolution printing.  But my inkscape knowledge
 255 were not nearly good enough to pull that off.
 256
 257 <p>But thanks to the great inkscape community, I was able to wrap up
 258 the cover yesterday evening.  I asked on the
 259 <a href="irc://irc.freenode.net/%23inkscape">#inkscape IRC channel</a>
 260 on Freenode for help and clues, and Marc Jeanmougin (Mc-) volunteered
 261 to try to recreate it based on the PDF of the cover from the HTML
 262 version.  Not only did he create a
 263 <a href="https://marc.jeanmougin.fr/share/copy1.svg ">SVG document with
 264 the original and his vector version side by side</a>, he even provided
 265 an <a href="https://marc.jeanmougin.fr/share/out-1.ogv">instruction
 266 video</a> explaining how he did it</a>.  But the instruction video is
 267 not easy to follow for an untrained inkscape user. The video is a
 268 recording on how he did it, and he is obviously very experienced as
 269 the menu selections are very quick and he mentioned on IRC that he did
 270 use some keyboard shortcuts that can't be seen on the video, but it
 271 give a good idea about the inkscape operations to use to create the
 272 stripes with the embossed copyright sign in the center.</p>
 273
 274 <p>I took his SVG file, copied the vector image and re-sized it to fit
 275 on the cover I was drawing.  I am happy with the end result, and the
 276 current english version look like this:</p>
 277
 278 <img src="http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/images/2015-09-03-free-culture-cover.png" width="70%" align="center"/>
 279
 280 <p>I am not quite sure about the text on the back, but guess it will
 281 do.  I picked three quotes from the official site for the book, and
 282 hope it will work to trigger the interest of potential readers.  The
 283 Norwegian cover will look the same, but with the texts and bar code
 284 replaced with the Norwegian version.</p>
 285
 286 <p>The book is very close to being ready for publication, and I expect
 287 to upload the final draft to Lulu in the next few days and order a
 288 final proof reading copy to verify that everything look like it should
 289 before allowing everyone to order their own copy of Free Culture, in
 290 English or Norwegian Bokmål.  I'm waiting to give the the productive
 291 proof readers a chance to complete their work.</p>
 292 </div>
 293       <div class="tags">
 294
 295
 296         Tags: <a href="http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/tags/docbook">docbook</a>, <a href="http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/tags/english">english</a>, <a href="http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/tags/freeculture">freeculture</a>.
 297
 298
 299       </div>
 300     </div>
 301     <div class="padding"></div>
 302
 303     <div class="entry">
 304       <div class="title"><a href="http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/In_my_hand__a_pocket_book_edition_of_the_Norwegian_Free_Culture_book_.html">In my hand, a pocket book edition of the Norwegian Free Culture book!</a></div>
 305       <div class="date">19th August 2015</div>
 306       <div class="body"><p>Today, finally, my first printed draft edition of the Norwegian
 307 translation of Free Culture I have been working on for the last few
 308 years arrived in the mail.  I had to fake a cover to get the interior
 309 printed, and the exterior of the book look awful, but that is
 310 irrelevant at this point.  I asked for a printed pocket book version
 311 to get an idea about the font sizes and paper format as well as how
 312 good the figures and images look in print, but also to test what the
 313 pocket book version would look like.  After receiving the 500 page
 314 pocket book, it became obvious to me that that pocket book size is too
 315 small for this book.  I believe the book is too thick, and several
 316 tables and figures do not look good in the size they get with that
 317 small page sizes.  I believe I will go with the 5.5x8.5 inch size
 318 instead.  A surprise discovery from the paper version was how bad the
 319 URLs look in print.  They are very hard to read in the colophon page.
 320 The URLs are red in the PDF, but light gray on paper.  I need to
 321 change the color of links somehow to look better.  But there is a
 322 printed book in my hand, and it feels great. :)</p>
 323
 324 <p>Now I only need to fix the cover, wrap up the postscript with the
 325 store behind the book, and collect the last corrections from the proof
 326 readers before the book is ready for proper printing.  Cover artists
 327 willing to work for free and create a Creative Commons licensed vector
 328 file looking similar to the original is most welcome, as my skills as
 329 a graphics designer are mostly missing.</p>
 330 </div>
 331       <div class="tags">
 332
 333
 334         Tags: <a href="http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/tags/docbook">docbook</a>, <a href="http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/tags/english">english</a>, <a href="http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/tags/freeculture">freeculture</a>.
 335
 336
 337       </div>
 338     </div>
 339     <div class="padding"></div>
 340
 341     <div class="entry">
 342       <div class="title"><a href="http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/First_paper_version_of_the_Norwegian_Free_Culture_book_heading_my_way.html">First paper version of the Norwegian Free Culture book heading my way</a></div>
 343       <div class="date"> 9th August 2015</div>
 344       <div class="body"><p>Typesetting a book is harder than I hoped.  As the translation is
 345 mostly done, and a volunteer proof reader was going to check the text
 346 on paper, it was time this summer to focus on formatting my translated
 347 <a href="http://www.docbook.org/">docbook</a> based version of the
 348 <a href="http://free-culture.cc/">Free Culture</a> book by Lawrence
 349 Lessig.  I've been trying to get both docboox-xsl+fop and dblatex to
 350 give me a good looking PDF, but in the end I went with dblatex, because
 351 its Debian maintainer and upstream developer were responsive and very
 352 helpful in solving my formatting challenges.</p>
 353
 354 <p>Last night, I finally managed to create a PDF that no longer made
 355 <a href="http://www.lulu.com/">Lulu.com</a> complain after uploading,
 356 and I ordered a text version of the book on paper.  It is lacking a
 357 proper book cover and is not tagged with the correct ISBN number, but
 358 should give me an idea what the finished book will look like.</p>
 359
 360 <p>Instead of using Lulu, I did consider printing the book using
 361 <a href="http://www.createspace.com/">CreateSpace</a>, but ended up
 362 using Lulu because it had smaller book size options (CreateSpace seem
 363 to lack pocket book with extended distribution).  I looked for a
 364 similar service in Norway, but have not seen anything so far.  Please
 365 let me know if I am missing out on something here.</p>
 366
 367 <p>But I still struggle to decide the book size.  Should I go for
 368 pocket book (4.25x6.875 inches / 10.8x17.5 cm) with 556 pages, Digest
 369 (5.5x8.5 inches / 14x21.6 cm) with 323 pages or US Trade (6x8 inches /
 370 15.3x22.9 cm) with 280 pages?  Fewer pager give a cheaper book, and a
 371 smaller book is easier to carry around.  The test book I ordered was
 372 pocket book sized, to give me an idea how well that fit in my hand,
 373 but I suspect I will end up using a digest sized book in the end to
 374 bring the prize down further.</p>
 375
 376 <p>My biggest challenge at the moment is making nice cover art.  My
 377 inkscape skills are not yet up to the task of replicating the original
 378 cover in SVG format.  I also need to figure out what to write about
 379 the book on the back (will most likely use the same text as the
 380 description on web based book stores).  I would love help with this,
 381 if you are willing to license the art source and final version using
 382 the same CC license as the book.  My artistic skills are not really up
 383 to the task.</p>
 384
 385 <p>I plan to publish the book in both English and Norwegian and on
 386 paper, in PDF form as well as EPUB and MOBI format.  The current
 387 status can as usual be found on
 388 <a href="https://github.com/petterreinholdtsen/free-culture-lessig">github</a>
 389 in the archive/ directory.  So far I have spent all time on making the
 390 PDF version look good.  Someone should probably do the same with the
 391 dbtoepub generated e-book.  Help is definitely needed here, as I
 392 expect to run out of steem before I find time to improve the epub
 393 formatting.</p>
 394
 395 <p>Please let me know via github if you find typos in the book or
 396 discover translations that should be improved.  The final proof
 397 reading is being done right now, and I expect to publish the finished
 398 result in a few months.</p>
 399 </div>
 400       <div class="tags">
 401
 402
 403         Tags: <a href="http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/tags/docbook">docbook</a>, <a href="http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/tags/english">english</a>, <a href="http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/tags/freeculture">freeculture</a>.
 404
 405
 406       </div>
 407     </div>
 408     <div class="padding"></div>
 409
 410     <div class="entry">
 411       <div class="title"><a href="http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/Typesetting_DocBook_footnotes_as_endnotes_with_dblatex.html">Typesetting DocBook footnotes as endnotes with dblatex</a></div>
 412       <div class="date">16th July 2015</div>
 413       <div class="body"><p>I'm still working on the Norwegian version of the
 414 <a href="http://free-culture.cc/">Free Culture book by Lawrence
 415 Lessig</a>, and is now working on the final typesetting and layout.
 416 One of the features I want to get the structure similar to the
 417 original book is to typeset the footnotes as endnotes in the notes
 418 chapter.  Based on the
 419 <a href="https://bugs.debian.org/685063">feedback from the Debian
 420 maintainer and the dblatex developer</a>, I came up with this recipe I
 421 would like to share with you.  The proposal was to create a new LaTeX
 422 class file and add the LaTeX code there, but this is not always
 423 practical, when I want to be able to replace the class using a make
 424 file variable.  So my proposal misuses the latex.begindocument XSL
 425 parameter value, to get a small fragment into the correct location in
 426 the generated LaTeX File.</p>
 427
 428 <p>First, decide where in the DocBook document to place the endnotes,
 429 and add this text there:</p>
 430
 431 <pre>
 432 &lt;?latex \theendnotes ?&gt;
 433 </pre>
 434
 435 <p>Next, create a xsl stylesheet file dblatex-endnotes.xsl to add the
 436 code needed to add the endnote instructions in the preamble of the
 437 generated LaTeX document, with content like this:</p>
 438
 439 <pre>
 440 &lt;?xml version='1.0'?&gt;
 441 &lt;xsl:stylesheet xmlns:xsl="http://www.w3.org/1999/XSL/Transform" version='1.0'&gt;
 442   &lt;xsl:param name="latex.begindocument"&gt;
 443     &lt;xsl:text&gt;
 444 \usepackage{endnotes}
 445 \let\footnote=\endnote
 446 \def\enoteheading{\mbox{}\par\vskip-\baselineskip }
 447 \begin{document}
 448     &lt;/xsl:text&gt;
 449   &lt;/xsl:param&gt;
 450 &lt;/xsl:stylesheet&gt;
 451 </pre>
 452
 453 <p>Finally, load this xsl file when running dblatex, for example like
 454 this:</p>
 455
 456 <pre>
 457 dblatex --xsl-user=dblatex-endnotes.xsl freeculture.nb.xml
 458 </pre>
 459
 460 <p>The end result can be seen on github, where
 461 <a href="https://github.com/petterreinholdtsen/free-culture-lessig">my
 462 book project</a> is located.</p>
 463 </div>
 464       <div class="tags">
 465
 466
 467         Tags: <a href="http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/tags/docbook">docbook</a>, <a href="http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/tags/english">english</a>, <a href="http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/tags/freeculture">freeculture</a>.
 468
 469
 470       </div>
 471     </div>
 472     <div class="padding"></div>
 473
 474     <div class="entry">
 475       <div class="title"><a href="http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/Mimes_br_nn__norsk_utgave_av_Alaveteli___WhatDoTheyKnow__endelig_lansert.html">Mimes brønn, norsk utgave av Alaveteli / WhatDoTheyKnow, endelig lansert</a></div>
 476       <div class="date"> 9th July 2015</div>
 477       <div class="body"><p>I går fikk vi endelig lansert en norsk version av mySocietys
 478 <a href="https://www.whatdotheyknow.com/">WhatDoTheyKnow</a>.
 479 Tjenesten heter Mimes brønn, og ble
 480 <a href="http://www.nuug.no/news/NUUG_lanserer_innsynstjenesten_Mimes_Br_nn.shtml">annonsert
 481 av NUUG</a> via blogg, epost og twitter til NUUG-assosierte personer.
 482 Det har tatt noen år, men de siste dagene fikk vi endelig tid til å få
 483 på plass de siste bitene.  Vi er to, Gorm og meg selv, som har vært
 484 primus motor for det hele, men vi har fått hjelp med oversettelser og
 485 oppsett fra mange flere.  Jeg vil si tusen takk til hver og en av dem,
 486 og er veldig fornøyd med at vi klarte å få tjenesten opp å kjøre før
 487 ferietiden slo inn for fullt.</p>
 488
 489 <p>Vi er usikker på hvor mye belastning den virtuelle maskinen der
 490 tjenesten kjører klarer, så vi har lansert litt i det stille og ikke
 491 til for mange folk for å se hvordan maskinen klarer seg over sommeren,
 492 før vi går mer aktivt ut og annonserer til høsten.  Ta en titt, og se
 493 om du kanskje har et spørsmål til det offentlige som er egnet å sende
 494 inn via Mimes brønn.</p>
 495
 496 <p>Hvis du lurer på hva i alle dager en slik tjenestes kan brukes til,
 497 anbefaler jeg deg å se
 498 <a href="http://beta.frikanalen.no/video/625321">TED-foredraget til
 499 Heather Brook</a> om hvordan hun brukte WhatDoTheyKnow til å lære
 500 hvordan offentlige midler ble misbrukt.  Det er en inspirerende
 501 historie.</p>
 502 </div>
 503       <div class="tags">
 504
 505
 506         Tags: <a href="http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/tags/norsk">norsk</a>, <a href="http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/tags/nuug">nuug</a>, <a href="http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/tags/offentlig innsyn">offentlig innsyn</a>.
 507
 508
 509       </div>
 510     </div>
 511     <div class="padding"></div>
 512
 513     <div class="entry">
 514       <div class="title"><a href="http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/MPEG_LA_on__Internet_Broadcast_AVC_Video__licensing_and_non_private_use.html">MPEG LA on "Internet Broadcast AVC Video" licensing and non-private use</a></div>
 515       <div class="date"> 7th July 2015</div>
 516       <div class="body"><p>After asking the Norwegian Broadcasting Company (NRK)
 517 <a href="http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/Hva_gj_r_at_NRK_kan_distribuere_H_264_video_uten_patentavtale_med_MPEG_LA_.html">why
 518 they can broadcast and stream H.264 video without an agreement with
 519 the MPEG LA</a>, I was wiser, but still confused.  So I asked MPEG LA
 520 if their understanding matched that of NRK.  As far as I can tell, it
 521 does not.</p>
 522
 523 <p>I started by asking for more information about the various
 524 licensing classes and what exactly is covered by the "Internet
 525 Broadcast AVC Video" class that NRK pointed me at to explain why NRK
 526 did not need a license for streaming H.264 video:
 527
 528 <p><blockquote>
 529
 530 <p>According to
 531 <a href="http://www.mpegla.com/Lists/MPEG%20LA%20News%20List/Attachments/226/n-10-02-02.pdf">a
 532 MPEG LA press release dated 2010-02-02</a>, there is no charge when
 533 using MPEG AVC/H.264 according to the terms of "Internet Broadcast AVC
 534 Video".  I am trying to understand exactly what the terms of "Internet
 535 Broadcast AVC Video" is, and wondered if you could help me.  What
 536 exactly is covered by these terms, and what is not?</p>
 537
 538 <p>The only source of more information I have been able to find is a
 539 PDF named
 540 <a href="http://www.mpegla.com/main/programs/avc/Documents/avcweb.pdf">AVC
 541 Patent Portfolio License Briefing</a>, which states this about the
 542 fees:</p>
 543
 544 <ul>
 545  <li>Where End User pays for AVC Video
 546   <ul>
 547    <li>Subscription (not limited by title) – 100,000 or fewer
 548      subscribers/yr = no royalty; &gt; 100,000 to 250,000 subscribers/yr =
 549      $25,000; &gt;250,000 to 500,000 subscribers/yr = $50,000; &gt;500,000 to
 550      1M subscribers/yr = $75,000; &gt;1M subscribers/yr = $100,000</li>
 551
 552    <li>Title-by-Title - 12 minutes or less = no royalty; &gt;12 minutes in
 553      length = lower of (a) 2% or (b) $0.02 per title</li>
 554   </ul></li>
 555
 556  <li>Where remuneration is from other sources
 557   <ul>
 558    <li>Free Television - (a) one-time $2,500 per transmission encoder or
 559      (b) annual fee starting at $2,500 for &gt; 100,000 HH rising to
 560      maximum $10,000 for &gt;1,000,000 HH</li>
 561
 562    <li>Internet Broadcast AVC Video (not title-by-title, not subscription)
 563      – no royalty for life of the AVC Patent Portfolio License</li>
 564   </ul></li>
 565 </ul>
 566
 567 <p>Am I correct in assuming that the four categories listed is the
 568 categories used when selecting licensing terms, and that "Internet
 569 Broadcast AVC Video" is the category for things that do not fall into
 570 one of the other three categories?  Can you point me to a good source
 571 explaining what is ment by "title-by-title" and "Free Television" in
 572 the license terms for AVC/H.264?</p>
 573
 574 <p>Will a web service providing H.264 encoded video content in a
 575 "video on demand" fashing similar to Youtube and Vimeo, where no
 576 subscription is required and no payment is required from end users to
 577 get access to the videos, fall under the terms of the "Internet
 578 Broadcast AVC Video", ie no royalty for life of the AVC Patent
 579 Portfolio license?  Does it matter if some users are subscribed to get
 580 access to personalized services?</p>
 581
 582 <p>Note, this request and all answers will be published on the
 583 Internet.</p>
 584 </blockquote></p>
 585
 586 <p>The answer came quickly from Benjamin J. Myers, Licensing Associate
 587 with the MPEG LA:</p>
 588
 589 <p><blockquote>
 590 <p>Thank you for your message and for your interest in MPEG LA.  We
 591 appreciate hearing from you and I will be happy to assist you.</p>
 592
 593 <p>As you are aware, MPEG LA offers our AVC Patent Portfolio License
 594 which provides coverage under patents that are essential for use of
 595 the AVC/H.264 Standard (MPEG-4 Part 10).  Specifically, coverage is
 596 provided for end products and video content that make use of AVC/H.264
 597 technology.  Accordingly, the party offering such end products and
 598 video to End Users concludes the AVC License and is responsible for
 599 paying the applicable royalties.</p>
 600
 601 <p>Regarding Internet Broadcast AVC Video, the AVC License generally
 602 defines such content to be video that is distributed to End Users over
 603 the Internet free-of-charge.  Therefore, if a party offers a service
 604 which allows users to upload AVC/H.264 video to its website, and such
 605 AVC Video is delivered to End Users for free, then such video would
 606 receive coverage under the sublicense for Internet Broadcast AVC
 607 Video, which is not subject to any royalties for the life of the AVC
 608 License.  This would also apply in the scenario where a user creates a
 609 free online account in order to receive a customized offering of free
 610 AVC Video content.  In other words, as long as the End User is given
 611 access to or views AVC Video content at no cost to the End User, then
 612 no royalties would be payable under our AVC License.</p>
 613
 614 <p>On the other hand, if End Users pay for access to AVC Video for a
 615 specific period of time (e.g., one month, one year, etc.), then such
 616 video would constitute Subscription AVC Video.  In cases where AVC
 617 Video is delivered to End Users on a pay-per-view basis, then such
 618 content would constitute Title-by-Title AVC Video.  If a party offers
 619 Subscription or Title-by-Title AVC Video to End Users, then they would
 620 be responsible for paying the applicable royalties you noted below.</p>
 621
 622 <p>Finally, in the case where AVC Video is distributed for free
 623 through an "over-the-air, satellite and/or cable transmission", then
 624 such content would constitute Free Television AVC Video and would be
 625 subject to the applicable royalties.</p>
 626
 627 <p>For your reference, I have attached
 628 <a href="http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/images/2015-07-07-mpegla.pdf">a
 629 .pdf copy of the AVC License</a>. You will find the relevant
 630 sublicense information regarding AVC Video in Sections 2.2 through
 631 2.5, and the corresponding royalties in Section 3.1.2 through 3.1.4.
 632 You will also find the definitions of Title-by-Title AVC Video,
 633 Subscription AVC Video, Free Television AVC Video, and Internet
 634 Broadcast AVC Video in Section 1 of the License.  Please note that the
 635 electronic copy is provided for informational purposes only and cannot
 636 be used for execution.</p>
 637
 638 <p>I hope the above information is helpful.  If you have additional
 639 questions or need further assistance with the AVC License, please feel
 640 free to contact me directly.</p>
 641 </blockquote></p>
 642
 643 <p>Having a fresh copy of the license text was useful, and knowing
 644 that the definition of Title-by-Title required payment per title made
 645 me aware that my earlier understanding of that phrase had been wrong.
 646 But I still had a few questions:</p>
 647
 648 <p><blockquote>
 649 <p>I have a small followup question.  Would it be possible for me to get
 650 a license with MPEG LA even if there are no royalties to be paid?  The
 651 reason I ask, is that some video related products have a copyright
 652 clause limiting their use without a license with MPEG LA.  The clauses
 653 typically look similar to this:
 654
 655 <p><blockquote>
 656   This product is licensed under the AVC patent portfolio license for
 657   the personal and non-commercial use of a consumer to (a) encode
 658   video in compliance with the AVC standard ("AVC video") and/or (b)
 659   decode AVC video that was encoded by a consumer engaged in a
 660   personal and non-commercial activity and/or AVC video that was
 661   obtained from a video provider licensed to provide AVC video. No
 662   license is granted or shall be implied for any other use. additional
 663   information may be obtained from MPEG LA L.L.C.
 664 </blockquote></p>
 665
 666 <p>It is unclear to me if this clause mean that I need to enter into
 667 an agreement with MPEG LA to use the product in question, even if
 668 there are no royalties to be paid to MPEG LA.  I suspect it will
 669 differ depending on the jurisdiction, and mine is Norway.  What is
 670 MPEG LAs view on this?</p>
 671 </blockquote></p>
 672
 673 <p>According to the answer, MPEG LA believe those using such tools for
 674 non-personal or commercial use need a license with them:</p>
 675
 676 <p><blockquote>
 677
 678 <p>With regard to the Notice to Customers, I would like to begin by
 679 clarifying that the Notice from Section 7.1 of the AVC License
 680 reads:</p>
 681
 682 <p>THIS PRODUCT IS LICENSED UNDER THE AVC PATENT PORTFOLIO LICENSE FOR
 683 THE PERSONAL USE OF A CONSUMER OR OTHER USES IN WHICH IT DOES NOT
 684 RECEIVE REMUNERATION TO (i) ENCODE VIDEO IN COMPLIANCE WITH THE AVC
 685 STANDARD ("AVC VIDEO") AND/OR (ii) DECODE AVC VIDEO THAT WAS ENCODED
 686 BY A CONSUMER ENGAGED IN A PERSONAL ACTIVITY AND/OR WAS OBTAINED FROM
 687 A VIDEO PROVIDER LICENSED TO PROVIDE AVC VIDEO. NO LICENSE IS GRANTED
 688 OR SHALL BE IMPLIED FOR ANY OTHER USE. ADDITIONAL INFORMATION MAY BE
 689 OBTAINED FROM MPEG LA, L.L.C. SEE HTTP://WWW.MPEGLA.COM</p>
 690
 691 <p>The Notice to Customers is intended to inform End Users of the
 692 personal usage rights (for example, to watch video content) included
 693 with the product they purchased, and to encourage any party using the
 694 product for commercial purposes to contact MPEG LA in order to become
 695 licensed for such use (for example, when they use an AVC Product to
 696 deliver Title-by-Title, Subscription, Free Television or Internet
 697 Broadcast AVC Video to End Users, or to re-Sell a third party's AVC
 698 Product as their own branded AVC Product).</p>
 699
 700 <p>Therefore, if a party is to be licensed for its use of an AVC
 701 Product to Sell AVC Video on a Title-by-Title, Subscription, Free
 702 Television or Internet Broadcast basis, that party would need to
 703 conclude the AVC License, even in the case where no royalties were
 704 payable under the License.  On the other hand, if that party (either a
 705 Consumer or business customer) simply uses an AVC Product for their
 706 own internal purposes and not for the commercial purposes referenced
 707 above, then such use would be included in the royalty paid for the AVC
 708 Products by the licensed supplier.</p>
 709
 710 <p>Finally, I note that our AVC License provides worldwide coverage in
 711 countries that have AVC Patent Portfolio Patents, including
 712 Norway.</p>
 713
 714 <p>I hope this clarification is helpful.  If I may be of any further
 715 assistance, just let me know.</p>
 716 </blockquote></p>
 717
 718 <p>The mentioning of Norwegian patents made me a bit confused, so I
 719 asked for more information:</p>
 720
 721 <p><blockquote>
 722
 723 <p>But one minor question at the end.  If I understand you correctly,
 724 you state in the quote above that there are patents in the AVC Patent
 725 Portfolio that are valid in Norway.  This make me believe I read the
 726 list available from &lt;URL:
 727 <a href="http://www.mpegla.com/main/programs/AVC/Pages/PatentList.aspx">http://www.mpegla.com/main/programs/AVC/Pages/PatentList.aspx</a>
 728 &gt; incorrectly, as I believed the "NO" prefix in front of patents
 729 were Norwegian patents, and the only one I could find under Mitsubishi
 730 Electric Corporation expired in 2012.  Which patents are you referring
 731 to that are relevant for Norway?</p>
 732
 733 </blockquote></p>
 734
 735 <p>Again, the quick answer explained how to read the list of patents
 736 in that list:</p>
 737
 738 <p><blockquote>
 739
 740 <p>Your understanding is correct that the last AVC Patent Portfolio
 741 Patent in Norway expired on 21 October 2012.  Therefore, where AVC
 742 Video is both made and Sold in Norway after that date, then no
 743 royalties would be payable for such AVC Video under the AVC License.
 744 With that said, our AVC License provides historic coverage for AVC
 745 Products and AVC Video that may have been manufactured or Sold before
 746 the last Norwegian AVC patent expired.  I would also like to clarify
 747 that coverage is provided for the country of manufacture and the
 748 country of Sale that has active AVC Patent Portfolio Patents.</p>
 749
 750 <p>Therefore, if a party offers AVC Products or AVC Video for Sale in
 751 a country with active AVC Patent Portfolio Patents (for example,
 752 Sweden, Denmark, Finland, etc.), then that party would still need
 753 coverage under the AVC License even if such products or video are
 754 initially made in a country without active AVC Patent Portfolio
 755 Patents (for example, Norway).  Similarly, a party would need to
 756 conclude the AVC License if they make AVC Products or AVC Video in a
 757 country with active AVC Patent Portfolio Patents, but eventually Sell
 758 such AVC Products or AVC Video in a country without active AVC Patent
 759 Portfolio Patents.</p>
 760 </blockquote></p>
 761
 762 <p>As far as I understand it, MPEG LA believe anyone using Adobe
 763 Premiere and other video related software with a H.264 distribution
 764 license need a license agreement with MPEG LA to use such tools for
 765 anything non-private or commercial, while it is OK to set up a
 766 Youtube-like service as long as no-one pays to get access to the
 767 content.  I still have no clear idea how this applies to Norway, where
 768 none of the patents MPEG LA is licensing are valid.  Will the
 769 copyright terms take precedence or can those terms be ignored because
 770 the patents are not valid in Norway?</p>
 771 </div>
 772       <div class="tags">
 773
 774
 775         Tags: <a href="http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/tags/english">english</a>, <a href="http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/tags/h264">h264</a>, <a href="http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/tags/multimedia">multimedia</a>, <a href="http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/tags/opphavsrett">opphavsrett</a>, <a href="http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/tags/standard">standard</a>, <a href="http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/tags/video">video</a>, <a href="http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/tags/web">web</a>.
 776
 777
 778       </div>
 779     </div>
 780     <div class="padding"></div>
 781
 782     <div class="entry">
 783       <div class="title"><a href="http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/New_laptop___some_more_clues_and_ideas_based_on_feedback.html">New laptop - some more clues and ideas based on feedback</a></div>
 784       <div class="date"> 5th July 2015</div>
 785       <div class="body"><p>Several people contacted me after my previous blog post about my
 786 need for a new laptop, and provided very useful feedback.  I wish to
 787 thank every one of these.  Several pointed me to the possibility of
 788 fixing my X230, and I am already in the process of getting Lenovo to
 789 do so thanks to the on site, next day support contract covering the
 790 machine.  But the battery is almost useless (I expect to replace it
 791 with a non-official battery) and I do not expect the machine to live
 792 for many more years, so it is time to plan its replacement.  If I did
 793 not have a support contract, it was suggested to find replacement parts
 794 using <a href="http://www.francecrans.com/">FrancEcrans</a>, but it
 795 might present a language barrier as I do not understand French.</p>
 796
 797 <p>One tip I got was to use the
 798 <a href="https://skinflint.co.uk/?cat=nb">Skinflint</a> web service to
 799 compare laptop models.  It seem to have more models available than
 800 prisjakt.no.  Another tip I got from someone I know have similar
 801 keyboard preferences was that the HP EliteBook 840 keyboard is not
 802 very good, and this matches my experience with earlier EliteBook
 803 keyboards I tested.  Because of this, I will not consider it any further.
 804
 805 <p>When I wrote my blog post, I was not aware of Thinkpad X250, the
 806 newest Thinkpad X model.  The keyboard reintroduces mouse buttons
 807 (which is missing from the X240), and is working fairly well with
 808 Debian Sid/Unstable according to
 809 <a href="http://www.corsac.net/X250/">Corsac.net</a>.  The reports I
 810 got on the keyboard quality are not consistent.  Some say the keyboard
 811 is good, others say it is ok, while others say it is not very good.
 812 Those with experience from X41 and and X60 agree that the X250
 813 keyboard is not as good as those trusty old laptops, and suggest I
 814 keep and fix my X230 instead of upgrading, or get a used X230 to
 815 replace it.  I'm also told that the X250 lack leds for caps lock, disk
 816 activity and battery status, which is very convenient on my X230.  I'm
 817 also told that the CPU fan is running very often, making it a bit
 818 noisy.  In any case, the X250 do not work out of the box with Debian
 819 Stable/Jessie, one of my requirements.</p>
 820
 821 <p>I have also gotten a few vendor proposals, one was
 822 <a href="http://pro-star.com">Pro-Star</a>, another was
 823 <a href="http://shop.gluglug.org.uk/product/libreboot-x200/">Libreboot</a>.
 824 The latter look very attractive to me.</p>
 825
 826 <p>Again, thank you all for the very useful feedback.  It help a lot
 827 as I keep looking for a replacement.</p>
 828
 829 <p>Update 2015-07-06: I was recommended to check out the
 830 <a href="">lapstore.de</a> web shop for used laptops.  They got several
 831 different
 832 <a href="http://www.lapstore.de/f.php/shop/lapstore/f/411/lang/x/kw/Lenovo_ThinkPad_X_Serie/">old
 833 thinkpad X models</a>, and provide one year warranty.</p>
 834 </div>
 835       <div class="tags">
 836
 837
 838         Tags: <a href="http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/tags/debian">debian</a>, <a href="http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/tags/english">english</a>.
 839
 840
 841       </div>
 842     </div>
 843     <div class="padding"></div>
 844
 845     <p style="text-align: right;"><a href="index.rss"><img src="http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/xml.gif" alt="RSS feed" width="36" height="14" /></a></p>
 846     <div id="sidebar">
 847
 848
 849
 850 <h2>Archive</h2>
 851 <ul>
 852
 853 <li>2015
 854 <ul>
 855
 856 <li><a href="http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/archive/2015/01/">January (7)</a></li>
 857
 858 <li><a href="http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/archive/2015/02/">February (6)</a></li>
 859
 860 <li><a href="http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/archive/2015/03/">March (1)</a></li>
 861
 862 <li><a href="http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/archive/2015/04/">April (4)</a></li>
 863
 864 <li><a href="http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/archive/2015/05/">May (3)</a></li>
 865
 866 <li><a href="http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/archive/2015/06/">June (4)</a></li>
 867
 868 <li><a href="http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/archive/2015/07/">July (6)</a></li>
 869
 870 <li><a href="http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/archive/2015/08/">August (2)</a></li>
 871
 872 <li><a href="http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/archive/2015/09/">September (2)</a></li>
 873
 874 <li><a href="http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/archive/2015/10/">October (2)</a></li>
 875
 876 </ul></li>
 877
 878 <li>2014
 879 <ul>
 880
 881 <li><a href="http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/archive/2014/01/">January (2)</a></li>
 882
 883 <li><a href="http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/archive/2014/02/">February (3)</a></li>
 884
 885 <li><a href="http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/archive/2014/03/">March (8)</a></li>
 886
 887 <li><a href="http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/archive/2014/04/">April (7)</a></li>
 888
 889 <li><a href="http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/archive/2014/05/">May (1)</a></li>
 890
 891 <li><a href="http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/archive/2014/06/">June (2)</a></li>
 892
 893 <li><a href="http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/archive/2014/07/">July (2)</a></li>
 894
 895 <li><a href="http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/archive/2014/08/">August (2)</a></li>
 896
 897 <li><a href="http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/archive/2014/09/">September (5)</a></li>
 898
 899 <li><a href="http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/archive/2014/10/">October (6)</a></li>
 900
 901 <li><a href="http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/archive/2014/11/">November (3)</a></li>
 902
 903 <li><a href="http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/archive/2014/12/">December (5)</a></li>
 904
 905 </ul></li>
 906
 907 <li>2013
 908 <ul>
 909
 910 <li><a href="http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/archive/2013/01/">January (11)</a></li>
 911
 912 <li><a href="http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/archive/2013/02/">February (9)</a></li>
 913
 914 <li><a href="http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/archive/2013/03/">March (9)</a></li>
 915
 916 <li><a href="http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/archive/2013/04/">April (6)</a></li>
 917
 918 <li><a href="http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/archive/2013/05/">May (9)</a></li>
 919
 920 <li><a href="http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/archive/2013/06/">June (10)</a></li>
 921
 922 <li><a href="http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/archive/2013/07/">July (7)</a></li>
 923
 924 <li><a href="http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/archive/2013/08/">August (3)</a></li>
 925
 926 <li><a href="http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/archive/2013/09/">September (5)</a></li>
 927
 928 <li><a href="http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/archive/2013/10/">October (7)</a></li>
 929
 930 <li><a href="http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/archive/2013/11/">November (9)</a></li>
 931
 932 <li><a href="http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/archive/2013/12/">December (3)</a></li>
 933
 934 </ul></li>
 935
 936 <li>2012
 937 <ul>
 938
 939 <li><a href="http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/archive/2012/01/">January (7)</a></li>
 940
 941 <li><a href="http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/archive/2012/02/">February (10)</a></li>
 942
 943 <li><a href="http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/archive/2012/03/">March (17)</a></li>
 944
 945 <li><a href="http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/archive/2012/04/">April (12)</a></li>
 946
 947 <li><a href="http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/archive/2012/05/">May (12)</a></li>
 948
 949 <li><a href="http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/archive/2012/06/">June (20)</a></li>
 950
 951 <li><a href="http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/archive/2012/07/">July (17)</a></li>
 952
 953 <li><a href="http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/archive/2012/08/">August (6)</a></li>
 954
 955 <li><a href="http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/archive/2012/09/">September (9)</a></li>
 956
 957 <li><a href="http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/archive/2012/10/">October (17)</a></li>
 958
 959 <li><a href="http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/archive/2012/11/">November (10)</a></li>
 960
 961 <li><a href="http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/archive/2012/12/">December (7)</a></li>
 962
 963 </ul></li>
 964
 965 <li>2011
 966 <ul>
 967
 968 <li><a href="http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/archive/2011/01/">January (16)</a></li>
 969
 970 <li><a href="http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/archive/2011/02/">February (6)</a></li>
 971
 972 <li><a href="http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/archive/2011/03/">March (6)</a></li>
 973
 974 <li><a href="http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/archive/2011/04/">April (7)</a></li>
 975
 976 <li><a href="http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/archive/2011/05/">May (3)</a></li>
 977
 978 <li><a href="http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/archive/2011/06/">June (2)</a></li>
 979
 980 <li><a href="http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/archive/2011/07/">July (7)</a></li>
 981
 982 <li><a href="http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/archive/2011/08/">August (6)</a></li>
 983
 984 <li><a href="http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/archive/2011/09/">September (4)</a></li>
 985
 986 <li><a href="http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/archive/2011/10/">October (2)</a></li>
 987
 988 <li><a href="http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/archive/2011/11/">November (3)</a></li>
 989
 990 <li><a href="http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/archive/2011/12/">December (1)</a></li>
 991
 992 </ul></li>
 993
 994 <li>2010
 995 <ul>
 996
 997 <li><a href="http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/archive/2010/01/">January (2)</a></li>
 998
 999 <li><a href="http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/archive/2010/02/">February (1)</a></li>
1000
1001 <li><a href="http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/archive/2010/03/">March (3)</a></li>
1002
1003 <li><a href="http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/archive/2010/04/">April (3)</a></li>
1004
1005 <li><a href="http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/archive/2010/05/">May (9)</a></li>
1006
1007 <li><a href="http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/archive/2010/06/">June (14)</a></li>
1008
1009 <li><a href="http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/archive/2010/07/">July (12)</a></li>
1010
1011 <li><a href="http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/archive/2010/08/">August (13)</a></li>
1012
1013 <li><a href="http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/archive/2010/09/">September (7)</a></li>
1014
1015 <li><a href="http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/archive/2010/10/">October (9)</a></li>
1016
1017 <li><a href="http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/archive/2010/11/">November (13)</a></li>
1018
1019 <li><a href="http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/archive/2010/12/">December (12)</a></li>
1020
1021 </ul></li>
1022
1023 <li>2009
1024 <ul>
1025
1026 <li><a href="http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/archive/2009/01/">January (8)</a></li>
1027
1028 <li><a href="http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/archive/2009/02/">February (8)</a></li>
1029
1030 <li><a href="http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/archive/2009/03/">March (12)</a></li>
1031
1032 <li><a href="http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/archive/2009/04/">April (10)</a></li>
1033
1034 <li><a href="http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/archive/2009/05/">May (9)</a></li>
1035
1036 <li><a href="http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/archive/2009/06/">June (3)</a></li>
1037
1038 <li><a href="http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/archive/2009/07/">July (4)</a></li>
1039
1040 <li><a href="http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/archive/2009/08/">August (3)</a></li>
1041
1042 <li><a href="http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/archive/2009/09/">September (1)</a></li>
1043
1044 <li><a href="http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/archive/2009/10/">October (2)</a></li>
1045
1046 <li><a href="http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/archive/2009/11/">November (3)</a></li>
1047
1048 <li><a href="http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/archive/2009/12/">December (3)</a></li>
1049
1050 </ul></li>
1051
1052 <li>2008
1053 <ul>
1054
1055 <li><a href="http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/archive/2008/11/">November (5)</a></li>
1056
1057 <li><a href="http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/archive/2008/12/">December (7)</a></li>
1058
1059 </ul></li>
1060
1061 </ul>
1062
1063
1064
1065 <h2>Tags</h2>
1066 <ul>
1067
1068  <li><a href="http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/tags/3d-printer">3d-printer (13)</a></li>
1069
1070  <li><a href="http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/tags/amiga">amiga (1)</a></li>
1071
1072  <li><a href="http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/tags/aros">aros (1)</a></li>
1073
1074  <li><a href="http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/tags/bankid">bankid (4)</a></li>
1075
1076  <li><a href="http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/tags/bitcoin">bitcoin (8)</a></li>
1077
1078  <li><a href="http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/tags/bootsystem">bootsystem (15)</a></li>
1079
1080  <li><a href="http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/tags/bsa">bsa (2)</a></li>
1081
1082  <li><a href="http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/tags/chrpath">chrpath (2)</a></li>
1083
1084  <li><a href="http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/tags/debian">debian (112)</a></li>
1085
1086  <li><a href="http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/tags/debian edu">debian edu (153)</a></li>
1087
1088  <li><a href="http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/tags/digistan">digistan (10)</a></li>
1089
1090  <li><a href="http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/tags/dld">dld (15)</a></li>
1091
1092  <li><a href="http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/tags/docbook">docbook (18)</a></li>
1093
1094  <li><a href="http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/tags/drivstoffpriser">drivstoffpriser (4)</a></li>
1095
1096  <li><a href="http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/tags/english">english (289)</a></li>
1097
1098  <li><a href="http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/tags/fiksgatami">fiksgatami (23)</a></li>
1099
1100  <li><a href="http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/tags/fildeling">fildeling (12)</a></li>
1101
1102  <li><a href="http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/tags/freeculture">freeculture (20)</a></li>
1103
1104  <li><a href="http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/tags/freedombox">freedombox (9)</a></li>
1105
1106  <li><a href="http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/tags/frikanalen">frikanalen (16)</a></li>
1107
1108  <li><a href="http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/tags/h264">h264 (20)</a></li>
1109
1110  <li><a href="http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/tags/intervju">intervju (42)</a></li>
1111
1112  <li><a href="http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/tags/isenkram">isenkram (10)</a></li>
1113
1114  <li><a href="http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/tags/kart">kart (19)</a></li>
1115
1116  <li><a href="http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/tags/ldap">ldap (9)</a></li>
1117
1118  <li><a href="http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/tags/lenker">lenker (8)</a></li>
1119
1120  <li><a href="http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/tags/lsdvd">lsdvd (2)</a></li>
1121
1122  <li><a href="http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/tags/ltsp">ltsp (1)</a></li>
1123
1124  <li><a href="http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/tags/mesh network">mesh network (8)</a></li>
1125
1126  <li><a href="http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/tags/multimedia">multimedia (36)</a></li>
1127
1128  <li><a href="http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/tags/norsk">norsk (265)</a></li>
1129
1130  <li><a href="http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/tags/nuug">nuug (177)</a></li>
1131
1132  <li><a href="http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/tags/offentlig innsyn">offentlig innsyn (20)</a></li>
1133
1134  <li><a href="http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/tags/open311">open311 (2)</a></li>
1135
1136  <li><a href="http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/tags/opphavsrett">opphavsrett (53)</a></li>
1137
1138  <li><a href="http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/tags/personvern">personvern (87)</a></li>
1139
1140  <li><a href="http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/tags/raid">raid (1)</a></li>
1141
1142  <li><a href="http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/tags/reactos">reactos (1)</a></li>
1143
1144  <li><a href="http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/tags/reprap">reprap (11)</a></li>
1145
1146  <li><a href="http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/tags/rfid">rfid (3)</a></li>
1147
1148  <li><a href="http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/tags/robot">robot (9)</a></li>
1149
1150  <li><a href="http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/tags/rss">rss (1)</a></li>
1151
1152  <li><a href="http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/tags/ruter">ruter (4)</a></li>
1153
1154  <li><a href="http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/tags/scraperwiki">scraperwiki (2)</a></li>
1155
1156  <li><a href="http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/tags/sikkerhet">sikkerhet (42)</a></li>
1157
1158  <li><a href="http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/tags/sitesummary">sitesummary (4)</a></li>
1159
1160  <li><a href="http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/tags/skepsis">skepsis (4)</a></li>
1161
1162  <li><a href="http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/tags/standard">standard (48)</a></li>
1163
1164  <li><a href="http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/tags/stavekontroll">stavekontroll (3)</a></li>
1165
1166  <li><a href="http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/tags/stortinget">stortinget (10)</a></li>
1167
1168  <li><a href="http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/tags/surveillance">surveillance (34)</a></li>
1169
1170  <li><a href="http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/tags/sysadmin">sysadmin (2)</a></li>
1171
1172  <li><a href="http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/tags/usenix">usenix (2)</a></li>
1173
1174  <li><a href="http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/tags/valg">valg (8)</a></li>
1175
1176  <li><a href="http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/tags/video">video (54)</a></li>
1177
1178  <li><a href="http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/tags/vitenskap">vitenskap (4)</a></li>
1179
1180  <li><a href="http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/tags/web">web (37)</a></li>
1181
1182 </ul>
1183
1184
1185     </div>
1186     <p style="text-align: right">
1187  Created by <a href="http://steve.org.uk/Software/chronicle">Chronicle v4.6</a>
1188 </p>
1189
1190   </body>
1191 </html>