blog/Public_Trusted_Timestamping_services_for_everyone.html

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   6     <title>Petter Reinholdtsen: Public Trusted Timestamping services for everyone</title>
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  14  <h1>
  15      <a href="https://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/">Petter Reinholdtsen</a>
  16
  17  </h1>
  18
  19 </div>
  20
  21
  22     <div class="entry">
  23       <div class="title">Public Trusted Timestamping services for everyone</div>
  24       <div class="date">25th March 2014</div>
  25       <div class="body"><p>Did you ever need to store logs or other files in a way that would
  26 allow it to be used as evidence in court, and needed a way to
  27 demonstrate without reasonable doubt that the file had not been
  28 changed since it was created?  Or, did you ever need to document that
  29 a given document was received at some point in time, like some
  30 archived document or the answer to an exam, and not changed after it
  31 was received?  The problem in these settings is to remove the need to
  32 trust yourself and your computers, while still being able to prove
  33 that a file is the same as it was at some given time in the past.</p>
  34
  35 <p>A solution to these problems is to have a trusted third party
  36 "stamp" the document and verify that at some given time the document
  37 looked a given way.  Such
  38 <a href="https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Notarius">notarius</a> service
  39 have been around for thousands of years, and its digital equivalent is
  40 called a
  41 <a href="http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Trusted_timestamping">trusted
  42 timestamping service</a>.  <a href="http://www.ietf.org/">The Internet
  43 Engineering Task Force</a> standardised how such service could work a
  44 few years ago as <a href="http://tools.ietf.org/html/rfc3161">RFC
  45 3161</a>.  The mechanism is simple.  Create a hash of the file in
  46 question, send it to a trusted third party which add a time stamp to
  47 the hash and sign the result with its private key, and send back the
  48 signed hash + timestamp.  Both email, FTP and HTTP can be used to
  49 request such signature, depending on what is provided by the service
  50 used. Anyone with the document and the signature can then verify that
  51 the document matches the signature by creating their own hash and
  52 checking the signature using the trusted third party public key.
  53 There are several commercial services around providing such
  54 timestamping.  A quick search for
  55 "<a href="https://duckduckgo.com/?q=rfc+3161+service">rfc 3161
  56 service</a>" pointed me to at least
  57 <a href="https://www.digistamp.com/technical/how-a-digital-time-stamp-works/">DigiStamp</a>,
  58 <a href="http://www.quovadisglobal.co.uk/CertificateServices/SigningServices/TimeStamp.aspx">Quo
  59 Vadis</a>,
  60 <a href="https://www.globalsign.com/timestamp-service/">Global Sign</a>
  61 and <a href="http://www.globaltrustfinder.com/TSADefault.aspx">Global
  62 Trust Finder</a>.  The system work as long as the private key of the
  63 trusted third party is not compromised.</p>
  64
  65 <p>But as far as I can tell, there are very few public trusted
  66 timestamp services available for everyone.  I've been looking for one
  67 for a while now. But yesterday I found one over at
  68 <a href="https://www.pki.dfn.de/zeitstempeldienst/">Deutches
  69 Forschungsnetz</a> mentioned in
  70 <a href="http://www.d-mueller.de/blog/dealing-with-trusted-timestamps-in-php-rfc-3161/">a
  71 blog by David Müller</a>.  I then found
  72 <a href="http://www.rz.uni-greifswald.de/support/dfn-pki-zertifikate/zeitstempeldienst.html">a
  73 good recipe on how to use the service</a> over at the University of
  74 Greifswald.</p>
  75
  76 <p><a href="http://www.openssl.org/">The OpenSSL library</a> contain
  77 both server and tools to use and set up your own signing service.  See
  78 the ts(1SSL), tsget(1SSL) manual pages for more details.  The
  79 following shell script demonstrate how to extract a signed timestamp
  80 for any file on the disk in a Debian environment:</p>
  81
  82 <p><blockquote><pre>
  83 #!/bin/sh
  84 set -e
  85 url="http://zeitstempel.dfn.de"
  86 caurl="https://pki.pca.dfn.de/global-services-ca/pub/cacert/chain.txt"
  87 reqfile=$(mktemp -t tmp.XXXXXXXXXX.tsq)
  88 resfile=$(mktemp -t tmp.XXXXXXXXXX.tsr)
  89 cafile=chain.txt
  90 if [ ! -f $cafile ] ; then
  91     wget -O $cafile "$caurl"
  92 fi
  93 openssl ts -query -data "$1" -cert | tee "$reqfile" \
  94     | /usr/lib/ssl/misc/tsget -h "$url" -o "$resfile"
  95 openssl ts -reply -in "$resfile" -text 1>&2
  96 openssl ts -verify -data "$1" -in "$resfile" -CAfile "$cafile" 1>&2
  97 base64 < "$resfile"
  98 rm "$reqfile" "$resfile"
  99 </pre></blockquote></p>
 100
 101 <p>The argument to the script is the file to timestamp, and the output
 102 is a base64 encoded version of the signature to STDOUT and details
 103 about the signature to STDERR.  Note that due to
 104 <a href="http://bugs.debian.org/cgi-bin/bugreport.cgi?bug=742553">a bug
 105 in the tsget script</a>, you might need to modify the included script
 106 and remove the last line.  Or just write your own HTTP uploader using
 107 curl. :) Now you too can prove and verify that files have not been
 108 changed.</p>
 109
 110 <p>But the Internet need more public trusted timestamp services.
 111 Perhaps something for <a href="http://www.uninett.no/">Uninett</a> or
 112 my work place the <a href="http://www.uio.no/">University of Oslo</a>
 113 to set up?</p>
 114 </div>
 115
 116       <div class="tags">Tags: <a href="https://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/tags/english">english</a>, <a href="https://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/tags/sikkerhet">sikkerhet</a>.</div>
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 128 <h2>Archive</h2>
 129 <ul>
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 191
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 193
 194 <li>2019
 195 <ul>
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 216
 217 </ul></li>
 218
 219 <li>2018
 220 <ul>
 221
 222 <li><a href="https://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/archive/2018/01/">January (1)</a></li>
 223
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 225
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 227
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 229
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 231
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 233
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 235
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 237
 238 <li><a href="https://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/archive/2018/10/">October (5)</a></li>
 239
 240 <li><a href="https://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/archive/2018/11/">November (2)</a></li>
 241
 242 <li><a href="https://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/archive/2018/12/">December (4)</a></li>
 243
 244 </ul></li>
 245
 246 <li>2017
 247 <ul>
 248
 249 <li><a href="https://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/archive/2017/01/">January (4)</a></li>
 250
 251 <li><a href="https://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/archive/2017/02/">February (3)</a></li>
 252
 253 <li><a href="https://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/archive/2017/03/">March (5)</a></li>
 254
 255 <li><a href="https://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/archive/2017/04/">April (2)</a></li>
 256
 257 <li><a href="https://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/archive/2017/06/">June (5)</a></li>
 258
 259 <li><a href="https://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/archive/2017/07/">July (1)</a></li>
 260
 261 <li><a href="https://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/archive/2017/08/">August (1)</a></li>
 262
 263 <li><a href="https://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/archive/2017/09/">September (3)</a></li>
 264
 265 <li><a href="https://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/archive/2017/10/">October (5)</a></li>
 266
 267 <li><a href="https://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/archive/2017/11/">November (3)</a></li>
 268
 269 <li><a href="https://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/archive/2017/12/">December (4)</a></li>
 270
 271 </ul></li>
 272
 273 <li>2016
 274 <ul>
 275
 276 <li><a href="https://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/archive/2016/01/">January (3)</a></li>
 277
 278 <li><a href="https://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/archive/2016/02/">February (2)</a></li>
 279
 280 <li><a href="https://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/archive/2016/03/">March (3)</a></li>
 281
 282 <li><a href="https://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/archive/2016/04/">April (8)</a></li>
 283
 284 <li><a href="https://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/archive/2016/05/">May (8)</a></li>
 285
 286 <li><a href="https://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/archive/2016/06/">June (2)</a></li>
 287
 288 <li><a href="https://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/archive/2016/07/">July (2)</a></li>
 289
 290 <li><a href="https://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/archive/2016/08/">August (5)</a></li>
 291
 292 <li><a href="https://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/archive/2016/09/">September (2)</a></li>
 293
 294 <li><a href="https://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/archive/2016/10/">October (3)</a></li>
 295
 296 <li><a href="https://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/archive/2016/11/">November (8)</a></li>
 297
 298 <li><a href="https://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/archive/2016/12/">December (5)</a></li>
 299
 300 </ul></li>
 301
 302 <li>2015
 303 <ul>
 304
 305 <li><a href="https://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/archive/2015/01/">January (7)</a></li>
 306
 307 <li><a href="https://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/archive/2015/02/">February (6)</a></li>
 308
 309 <li><a href="https://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/archive/2015/03/">March (1)</a></li>
 310
 311 <li><a href="https://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/archive/2015/04/">April (4)</a></li>
 312
 313 <li><a href="https://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/archive/2015/05/">May (3)</a></li>
 314
 315 <li><a href="https://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/archive/2015/06/">June (4)</a></li>
 316
 317 <li><a href="https://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/archive/2015/07/">July (6)</a></li>
 318
 319 <li><a href="https://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/archive/2015/08/">August (2)</a></li>
 320
 321 <li><a href="https://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/archive/2015/09/">September (2)</a></li>
 322
 323 <li><a href="https://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/archive/2015/10/">October (9)</a></li>
 324
 325 <li><a href="https://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/archive/2015/11/">November (6)</a></li>
 326
 327 <li><a href="https://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/archive/2015/12/">December (3)</a></li>
 328
 329 </ul></li>
 330
 331 <li>2014
 332 <ul>
 333
 334 <li><a href="https://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/archive/2014/01/">January (2)</a></li>
 335
 336 <li><a href="https://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/archive/2014/02/">February (3)</a></li>
 337
 338 <li><a href="https://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/archive/2014/03/">March (8)</a></li>
 339
 340 <li><a href="https://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/archive/2014/04/">April (7)</a></li>
 341
 342 <li><a href="https://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/archive/2014/05/">May (1)</a></li>
 343
 344 <li><a href="https://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/archive/2014/06/">June (2)</a></li>
 345
 346 <li><a href="https://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/archive/2014/07/">July (2)</a></li>
 347
 348 <li><a href="https://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/archive/2014/08/">August (2)</a></li>
 349
 350 <li><a href="https://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/archive/2014/09/">September (5)</a></li>
 351
 352 <li><a href="https://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/archive/2014/10/">October (6)</a></li>
 353
 354 <li><a href="https://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/archive/2014/11/">November (3)</a></li>
 355
 356 <li><a href="https://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/archive/2014/12/">December (5)</a></li>
 357
 358 </ul></li>
 359
 360 <li>2013
 361 <ul>
 362
 363 <li><a href="https://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/archive/2013/01/">January (11)</a></li>
 364
 365 <li><a href="https://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/archive/2013/02/">February (9)</a></li>
 366
 367 <li><a href="https://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/archive/2013/03/">March (9)</a></li>
 368
 369 <li><a href="https://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/archive/2013/04/">April (6)</a></li>
 370
 371 <li><a href="https://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/archive/2013/05/">May (9)</a></li>
 372
 373 <li><a href="https://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/archive/2013/06/">June (10)</a></li>
 374
 375 <li><a href="https://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/archive/2013/07/">July (7)</a></li>
 376
 377 <li><a href="https://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/archive/2013/08/">August (3)</a></li>
 378
 379 <li><a href="https://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/archive/2013/09/">September (5)</a></li>
 380
 381 <li><a href="https://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/archive/2013/10/">October (7)</a></li>
 382
 383 <li><a href="https://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/archive/2013/11/">November (9)</a></li>
 384
 385 <li><a href="https://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/archive/2013/12/">December (3)</a></li>
 386
 387 </ul></li>
 388
 389 <li>2012
 390 <ul>
 391
 392 <li><a href="https://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/archive/2012/01/">January (7)</a></li>
 393
 394 <li><a href="https://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/archive/2012/02/">February (10)</a></li>
 395
 396 <li><a href="https://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/archive/2012/03/">March (17)</a></li>
 397
 398 <li><a href="https://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/archive/2012/04/">April (12)</a></li>
 399
 400 <li><a href="https://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/archive/2012/05/">May (12)</a></li>
 401
 402 <li><a href="https://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/archive/2012/06/">June (20)</a></li>
 403
 404 <li><a href="https://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/archive/2012/07/">July (17)</a></li>
 405
 406 <li><a href="https://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/archive/2012/08/">August (6)</a></li>
 407
 408 <li><a href="https://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/archive/2012/09/">September (9)</a></li>
 409
 410 <li><a href="https://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/archive/2012/10/">October (17)</a></li>
 411
 412 <li><a href="https://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/archive/2012/11/">November (10)</a></li>
 413
 414 <li><a href="https://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/archive/2012/12/">December (7)</a></li>
 415
 416 </ul></li>
 417
 418 <li>2011
 419 <ul>
 420
 421 <li><a href="https://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/archive/2011/01/">January (16)</a></li>
 422
 423 <li><a href="https://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/archive/2011/02/">February (6)</a></li>
 424
 425 <li><a href="https://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/archive/2011/03/">March (6)</a></li>
 426
 427 <li><a href="https://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/archive/2011/04/">April (7)</a></li>
 428
 429 <li><a href="https://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/archive/2011/05/">May (3)</a></li>
 430
 431 <li><a href="https://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/archive/2011/06/">June (2)</a></li>
 432
 433 <li><a href="https://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/archive/2011/07/">July (7)</a></li>
 434
 435 <li><a href="https://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/archive/2011/08/">August (6)</a></li>
 436
 437 <li><a href="https://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/archive/2011/09/">September (4)</a></li>
 438
 439 <li><a href="https://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/archive/2011/10/">October (2)</a></li>
 440
 441 <li><a href="https://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/archive/2011/11/">November (3)</a></li>
 442
 443 <li><a href="https://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/archive/2011/12/">December (1)</a></li>
 444
 445 </ul></li>
 446
 447 <li>2010
 448 <ul>
 449
 450 <li><a href="https://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/archive/2010/01/">January (2)</a></li>
 451
 452 <li><a href="https://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/archive/2010/02/">February (1)</a></li>
 453
 454 <li><a href="https://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/archive/2010/03/">March (3)</a></li>
 455
 456 <li><a href="https://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/archive/2010/04/">April (3)</a></li>
 457
 458 <li><a href="https://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/archive/2010/05/">May (9)</a></li>
 459
 460 <li><a href="https://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/archive/2010/06/">June (14)</a></li>
 461
 462 <li><a href="https://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/archive/2010/07/">July (12)</a></li>
 463
 464 <li><a href="https://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/archive/2010/08/">August (13)</a></li>
 465
 466 <li><a href="https://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/archive/2010/09/">September (7)</a></li>
 467
 468 <li><a href="https://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/archive/2010/10/">October (9)</a></li>
 469
 470 <li><a href="https://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/archive/2010/11/">November (13)</a></li>
 471
 472 <li><a href="https://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/archive/2010/12/">December (12)</a></li>
 473
 474 </ul></li>
 475
 476 <li>2009
 477 <ul>
 478
 479 <li><a href="https://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/archive/2009/01/">January (8)</a></li>
 480
 481 <li><a href="https://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/archive/2009/02/">February (8)</a></li>
 482
 483 <li><a href="https://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/archive/2009/03/">March (12)</a></li>
 484
 485 <li><a href="https://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/archive/2009/04/">April (10)</a></li>
 486
 487 <li><a href="https://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/archive/2009/05/">May (9)</a></li>
 488
 489 <li><a href="https://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/archive/2009/06/">June (3)</a></li>
 490
 491 <li><a href="https://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/archive/2009/07/">July (4)</a></li>
 492
 493 <li><a href="https://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/archive/2009/08/">August (3)</a></li>
 494
 495 <li><a href="https://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/archive/2009/09/">September (1)</a></li>
 496
 497 <li><a href="https://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/archive/2009/10/">October (2)</a></li>
 498
 499 <li><a href="https://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/archive/2009/11/">November (3)</a></li>
 500
 501 <li><a href="https://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/archive/2009/12/">December (3)</a></li>
 502
 503 </ul></li>
 504
 505 <li>2008
 506 <ul>
 507
 508 <li><a href="https://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/archive/2008/11/">November (5)</a></li>
 509
 510 <li><a href="https://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/archive/2008/12/">December (7)</a></li>
 511
 512 </ul></li>
 513
 514 </ul>
 515
 516
 517
 518 <h2>Tags</h2>
 519 <ul>
 520
 521  <li><a href="https://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/tags/3d-printer">3d-printer (19)</a></li>
 522
 523  <li><a href="https://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/tags/amiga">amiga (1)</a></li>
 524
 525  <li><a href="https://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/tags/aros">aros (1)</a></li>
 526
 527  <li><a href="https://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/tags/bankid">bankid (4)</a></li>
 528
 529  <li><a href="https://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/tags/betalkontant">betalkontant (9)</a></li>
 530
 531  <li><a href="https://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/tags/bitcoin">bitcoin (12)</a></li>
 532
 533  <li><a href="https://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/tags/bootsystem">bootsystem (17)</a></li>
 534
 535  <li><a href="https://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/tags/bsa">bsa (2)</a></li>
 536
 537  <li><a href="https://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/tags/chrpath">chrpath (2)</a></li>
 538
 539  <li><a href="https://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/tags/debian">debian (182)</a></li>
 540
 541  <li><a href="https://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/tags/debian edu">debian edu (159)</a></li>
 542
 543  <li><a href="https://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/tags/debian-handbook">debian-handbook (9)</a></li>
 544
 545  <li><a href="https://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/tags/digistan">digistan (11)</a></li>
 546
 547  <li><a href="https://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/tags/dld">dld (18)</a></li>
 548
 549  <li><a href="https://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/tags/docbook">docbook (30)</a></li>
 550
 551  <li><a href="https://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/tags/drivstoffpriser">drivstoffpriser (4)</a></li>
 552
 553  <li><a href="https://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/tags/english">english (438)</a></li>
 554
 555  <li><a href="https://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/tags/fiksgatami">fiksgatami (23)</a></li>
 556
 557  <li><a href="https://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/tags/fildeling">fildeling (14)</a></li>
 558
 559  <li><a href="https://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/tags/freeculture">freeculture (34)</a></li>
 560
 561  <li><a href="https://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/tags/freedombox">freedombox (9)</a></li>
 562
 563  <li><a href="https://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/tags/frikanalen">frikanalen (20)</a></li>
 564
 565  <li><a href="https://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/tags/h264">h264 (20)</a></li>
 566
 567  <li><a href="https://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/tags/intervju">intervju (43)</a></li>
 568
 569  <li><a href="https://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/tags/isenkram">isenkram (16)</a></li>
 570
 571  <li><a href="https://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/tags/kart">kart (23)</a></li>
 572
 573  <li><a href="https://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/tags/kodi">kodi (4)</a></li>
 574
 575  <li><a href="https://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/tags/ldap">ldap (9)</a></li>
 576
 577  <li><a href="https://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/tags/lego">lego (5)</a></li>
 578
 579  <li><a href="https://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/tags/lenker">lenker (8)</a></li>
 580
 581  <li><a href="https://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/tags/lsdvd">lsdvd (2)</a></li>
 582
 583  <li><a href="https://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/tags/ltsp">ltsp (1)</a></li>
 584
 585  <li><a href="https://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/tags/madewithcc">madewithcc (3)</a></li>
 586
 587  <li><a href="https://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/tags/mesh network">mesh network (8)</a></li>
 588
 589  <li><a href="https://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/tags/multimedia">multimedia (42)</a></li>
 590
 591  <li><a href="https://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/tags/nice free software">nice free software (13)</a></li>
 592
 593  <li><a href="https://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/tags/noark5">noark5 (23)</a></li>
 594
 595  <li><a href="https://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/tags/norsk">norsk (320)</a></li>
 596
 597  <li><a href="https://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/tags/nuug">nuug (198)</a></li>
 598
 599  <li><a href="https://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/tags/offentlig innsyn">offentlig innsyn (40)</a></li>
 600
 601  <li><a href="https://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/tags/open311">open311 (2)</a></li>
 602
 603  <li><a href="https://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/tags/opphavsrett">opphavsrett (75)</a></li>
 604
 605  <li><a href="https://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/tags/personvern">personvern (114)</a></li>
 606
 607  <li><a href="https://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/tags/raid">raid (2)</a></li>
 608
 609  <li><a href="https://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/tags/reactos">reactos (1)</a></li>
 610
 611  <li><a href="https://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/tags/reprap">reprap (11)</a></li>
 612
 613  <li><a href="https://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/tags/rfid">rfid (3)</a></li>
 614
 615  <li><a href="https://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/tags/robot">robot (16)</a></li>
 616
 617  <li><a href="https://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/tags/rss">rss (1)</a></li>
 618
 619  <li><a href="https://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/tags/ruter">ruter (7)</a></li>
 620
 621  <li><a href="https://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/tags/scraperwiki">scraperwiki (2)</a></li>
 622
 623  <li><a href="https://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/tags/sikkerhet">sikkerhet (59)</a></li>
 624
 625  <li><a href="https://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/tags/sitesummary">sitesummary (4)</a></li>
 626
 627  <li><a href="https://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/tags/skepsis">skepsis (5)</a></li>
 628
 629  <li><a href="https://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/tags/standard">standard (72)</a></li>
 630
 631  <li><a href="https://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/tags/stavekontroll">stavekontroll (7)</a></li>
 632
 633  <li><a href="https://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/tags/stortinget">stortinget (14)</a></li>
 634
 635  <li><a href="https://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/tags/surveillance">surveillance (62)</a></li>
 636
 637  <li><a href="https://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/tags/sysadmin">sysadmin (5)</a></li>
 638
 639  <li><a href="https://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/tags/usenix">usenix (2)</a></li>
 640
 641  <li><a href="https://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/tags/valg">valg (9)</a></li>
 642
 643  <li><a href="https://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/tags/verkidetfri">verkidetfri (20)</a></li>
 644
 645  <li><a href="https://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/tags/video">video (77)</a></li>
 646
 647  <li><a href="https://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/tags/vitenskap">vitenskap (4)</a></li>
 648
 649  <li><a href="https://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/tags/web">web (42)</a></li>
 650
 651 </ul>
 652
 653
 654     </div>
 655     <p style="text-align: right">
 656  Created by <a href="http://steve.org.uk/Software/chronicle">Chronicle v4.6</a>
 657 </p>
 658
 659   </body>
 660 </html>