blog/Debian_Jessie__PXE_and_automatic_firmware_installation.html

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   6     <title>Petter Reinholdtsen: Debian Jessie, PXE and automatic firmware installation</title>
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  14  <h1>
  15      <a href="http://www.hungry.com/~pere/blog/">Petter Reinholdtsen</a>
  16
  17  </h1>
  18
  19 </div>
  20
  21
  22     <div class="entry">
  23       <div class="title">Debian Jessie, PXE and automatic firmware installation</div>
  24       <div class="date">17th October 2014</div>
  25       <div class="body"><p>When PXE installing laptops with Debian, I often run into the
  26 problem that the WiFi card require some firmware to work properly.
  27 And it has been a pain to fix this using preseeding in Debian.
  28 Normally something more is needed.  But thanks to
  29 <a href="https://packages.qa.debian.org/i/isenkram.html">my isenkram
  30 package</a> and its recent tasksel extension, it has now become easy
  31 to do this using simple preseeding.</p>
  32
  33 <p>The isenkram-cli package provide tasksel tasks which will install
  34 firmware for the hardware found in the machine (actually, requested by
  35 the kernel modules for the hardware).  (It can also install user space
  36 programs supporting the hardware detected, but that is not the focus
  37 of this story.)</p>
  38
  39 <p>To get this working in the default installation, two preeseding
  40 values are needed.  First, the isenkram-cli package must be installed
  41 into the target chroot (aka the hard drive) before tasksel is executed
  42 in the pkgsel step of the debian-installer system.  This is done by
  43 preseeding the base-installer/includes debconf value to include the
  44 isenkram-cli package.  The package name is next passed to debootstrap
  45 for installation.  With the isenkram-cli package in place, tasksel
  46 will automatically use the isenkram tasks to detect hardware specific
  47 packages for the machine being installed and install them, because
  48 isenkram-cli contain tasksel tasks.</p>
  49
  50 <p>Second, one need to enable the non-free APT repository, because
  51 most firmware unfortunately is non-free.  This is done by preseeding
  52 the apt-mirror-setup step.  This is unfortunate, but for a lot of
  53 hardware it is the only option in Debian.</p>
  54
  55 <p>The end result is two lines needed in your preseeding file to get
  56 firmware installed automatically by the installer:</p>
  57
  58 <p><blockquote><pre>
  59 base-installer base-installer/includes string isenkram-cli
  60 apt-mirror-setup apt-setup/non-free boolean true
  61 </pre></blockquote></p>
  62
  63 <p>The current version of isenkram-cli in testing/jessie will install
  64 both firmware and user space packages when using this method.  It also
  65 do not work well, so use version 0.15 or later.  Installing both
  66 firmware and user space packages might give you a bit more than you
  67 want, so I decided to split the tasksel task in two, one for firmware
  68 and one for user space programs.  The firmware task is enabled by
  69 default, while the one for user space programs is not.  This split is
  70 implemented in the package currently in unstable.</p>
  71
  72 <p>If you decide to give this a go, please let me know (via email) how
  73 this recipe work for you. :)</p>
  74
  75 <p>So, I bet you are wondering, how can this work.  First and
  76 foremost, it work because tasksel is modular, and driven by whatever
  77 files it find in /usr/lib/tasksel/ and /usr/share/tasksel/.  So the
  78 isenkram-cli package place two files for tasksel to find.  First there
  79 is the task description file (/usr/share/tasksel/descs/isenkram.desc):</p>
  80
  81 <p><blockquote><pre>
  82 Task: isenkram-packages
  83 Section: hardware
  84 Description: Hardware specific packages (autodetected by isenkram)
  85  Based on the detected hardware various hardware specific packages are
  86  proposed.
  87 Test-new-install: show show
  88 Relevance: 8
  89 Packages: for-current-hardware
  90
  91 Task: isenkram-firmware
  92 Section: hardware
  93 Description: Hardware specific firmware packages (autodetected by isenkram)
  94  Based on the detected hardware various hardware specific firmware
  95  packages are proposed.
  96 Test-new-install: mark show
  97 Relevance: 8
  98 Packages: for-current-hardware-firmware
  99 </pre></blockquote></p>
 100
 101 <p>The key parts are Test-new-install which indicate how the task
 102 should be handled and the Packages line referencing to a script in
 103 /usr/lib/tasksel/packages/.  The scripts use other scripts to get a
 104 list of packages to install.  The for-current-hardware-firmware script
 105 look like this to list relevant firmware for the machine:
 106
 107 <p><blockquote><pre>
 108 #!/bin/sh
 109 #
 110 PATH=/usr/sbin:$PATH
 111 export PATH
 112 isenkram-autoinstall-firmware -l
 113 </pre></blockquote></p>
 114
 115 <p>With those two pieces in place, the firmware is installed by
 116 tasksel during the normal d-i run. :)</p>
 117
 118 <p>If you want to test what tasksel will install when isenkram-cli is
 119 installed, run <tt>DEBIAN_PRIORITY=critical tasksel --test
 120 --new-install</tt> to get the list of packages that tasksel would
 121 install.</p>
 122
 123 <p><a href="https://wiki.debian.org/DebianEdu/">Debian Edu</a> will be
 124 pilots in testing this feature, as isenkram is used there now to
 125 install firmware, replacing the earlier scripts.</p>
 126 </div>
 127
 128       <div class="tags">Tags: <a href="http://www.hungry.com/~pere/blog/tags/debian">debian</a>, <a href="http://www.hungry.com/~pere/blog/tags/english">english</a>, <a href="http://www.hungry.com/~pere/blog/tags/isenkram">isenkram</a>, <a href="http://www.hungry.com/~pere/blog/tags/sysadmin">sysadmin</a>.</div>
 129
 130
 131     </div>
 132
 133
 134
 135
 136     <div id="sidebar">
 137
 138
 139
 140 <h2>Archive</h2>
 141 <ul>
 142
 143 <li>2025
 144 <ul>
 145
 146 <li><a href="http://www.hungry.com/~pere/blog/archive/2025/01/">January (4)</a></li>
 147
 148 <li><a href="http://www.hungry.com/~pere/blog/archive/2025/02/">February (3)</a></li>
 149
 150 </ul></li>
 151
 152 <li>2024
 153 <ul>
 154
 155 <li><a href="http://www.hungry.com/~pere/blog/archive/2024/01/">January (1)</a></li>
 156
 157 <li><a href="http://www.hungry.com/~pere/blog/archive/2024/02/">February (1)</a></li>
 158
 159 <li><a href="http://www.hungry.com/~pere/blog/archive/2024/03/">March (2)</a></li>
 160
 161 <li><a href="http://www.hungry.com/~pere/blog/archive/2024/04/">April (3)</a></li>
 162
 163 <li><a href="http://www.hungry.com/~pere/blog/archive/2024/05/">May (1)</a></li>
 164
 165 <li><a href="http://www.hungry.com/~pere/blog/archive/2024/06/">June (1)</a></li>
 166
 167 <li><a href="http://www.hungry.com/~pere/blog/archive/2024/07/">July (2)</a></li>
 168
 169 <li><a href="http://www.hungry.com/~pere/blog/archive/2024/12/">December (1)</a></li>
 170
 171 </ul></li>
 172
 173 <li>2023
 174 <ul>
 175
 176 <li><a href="http://www.hungry.com/~pere/blog/archive/2023/01/">January (3)</a></li>
 177
 178 <li><a href="http://www.hungry.com/~pere/blog/archive/2023/02/">February (1)</a></li>
 179
 180 <li><a href="http://www.hungry.com/~pere/blog/archive/2023/04/">April (2)</a></li>
 181
 182 <li><a href="http://www.hungry.com/~pere/blog/archive/2023/05/">May (3)</a></li>
 183
 184 <li><a href="http://www.hungry.com/~pere/blog/archive/2023/06/">June (1)</a></li>
 185
 186 <li><a href="http://www.hungry.com/~pere/blog/archive/2023/08/">August (1)</a></li>
 187
 188 <li><a href="http://www.hungry.com/~pere/blog/archive/2023/09/">September (1)</a></li>
 189
 190 <li><a href="http://www.hungry.com/~pere/blog/archive/2023/10/">October (1)</a></li>
 191
 192 <li><a href="http://www.hungry.com/~pere/blog/archive/2023/11/">November (4)</a></li>
 193
 194 <li><a href="http://www.hungry.com/~pere/blog/archive/2023/12/">December (1)</a></li>
 195
 196 </ul></li>
 197
 198 <li>2022
 199 <ul>
 200
 201 <li><a href="http://www.hungry.com/~pere/blog/archive/2022/02/">February (1)</a></li>
 202
 203 <li><a href="http://www.hungry.com/~pere/blog/archive/2022/03/">March (3)</a></li>
 204
 205 <li><a href="http://www.hungry.com/~pere/blog/archive/2022/04/">April (2)</a></li>
 206
 207 <li><a href="http://www.hungry.com/~pere/blog/archive/2022/06/">June (2)</a></li>
 208
 209 <li><a href="http://www.hungry.com/~pere/blog/archive/2022/07/">July (1)</a></li>
 210
 211 <li><a href="http://www.hungry.com/~pere/blog/archive/2022/09/">September (1)</a></li>
 212
 213 <li><a href="http://www.hungry.com/~pere/blog/archive/2022/10/">October (1)</a></li>
 214
 215 <li><a href="http://www.hungry.com/~pere/blog/archive/2022/12/">December (1)</a></li>
 216
 217 </ul></li>
 218
 219 <li>2021
 220 <ul>
 221
 222 <li><a href="http://www.hungry.com/~pere/blog/archive/2021/01/">January (2)</a></li>
 223
 224 <li><a href="http://www.hungry.com/~pere/blog/archive/2021/02/">February (1)</a></li>
 225
 226 <li><a href="http://www.hungry.com/~pere/blog/archive/2021/05/">May (1)</a></li>
 227
 228 <li><a href="http://www.hungry.com/~pere/blog/archive/2021/06/">June (1)</a></li>
 229
 230 <li><a href="http://www.hungry.com/~pere/blog/archive/2021/07/">July (3)</a></li>
 231
 232 <li><a href="http://www.hungry.com/~pere/blog/archive/2021/08/">August (1)</a></li>
 233
 234 <li><a href="http://www.hungry.com/~pere/blog/archive/2021/09/">September (1)</a></li>
 235
 236 <li><a href="http://www.hungry.com/~pere/blog/archive/2021/10/">October (1)</a></li>
 237
 238 <li><a href="http://www.hungry.com/~pere/blog/archive/2021/12/">December (1)</a></li>
 239
 240 </ul></li>
 241
 242 <li>2020
 243 <ul>
 244
 245 <li><a href="http://www.hungry.com/~pere/blog/archive/2020/02/">February (2)</a></li>
 246
 247 <li><a href="http://www.hungry.com/~pere/blog/archive/2020/03/">March (2)</a></li>
 248
 249 <li><a href="http://www.hungry.com/~pere/blog/archive/2020/04/">April (2)</a></li>
 250
 251 <li><a href="http://www.hungry.com/~pere/blog/archive/2020/05/">May (3)</a></li>
 252
 253 <li><a href="http://www.hungry.com/~pere/blog/archive/2020/06/">June (2)</a></li>
 254
 255 <li><a href="http://www.hungry.com/~pere/blog/archive/2020/07/">July (1)</a></li>
 256
 257 <li><a href="http://www.hungry.com/~pere/blog/archive/2020/09/">September (1)</a></li>
 258
 259 <li><a href="http://www.hungry.com/~pere/blog/archive/2020/10/">October (1)</a></li>
 260
 261 <li><a href="http://www.hungry.com/~pere/blog/archive/2020/11/">November (1)</a></li>
 262
 263 </ul></li>
 264
 265 <li>2019
 266 <ul>
 267
 268 <li><a href="http://www.hungry.com/~pere/blog/archive/2019/01/">January (4)</a></li>
 269
 270 <li><a href="http://www.hungry.com/~pere/blog/archive/2019/02/">February (3)</a></li>
 271
 272 <li><a href="http://www.hungry.com/~pere/blog/archive/2019/03/">March (3)</a></li>
 273
 274 <li><a href="http://www.hungry.com/~pere/blog/archive/2019/05/">May (2)</a></li>
 275
 276 <li><a href="http://www.hungry.com/~pere/blog/archive/2019/06/">June (5)</a></li>
 277
 278 <li><a href="http://www.hungry.com/~pere/blog/archive/2019/07/">July (2)</a></li>
 279
 280 <li><a href="http://www.hungry.com/~pere/blog/archive/2019/08/">August (1)</a></li>
 281
 282 <li><a href="http://www.hungry.com/~pere/blog/archive/2019/09/">September (1)</a></li>
 283
 284 <li><a href="http://www.hungry.com/~pere/blog/archive/2019/11/">November (1)</a></li>
 285
 286 <li><a href="http://www.hungry.com/~pere/blog/archive/2019/12/">December (4)</a></li>
 287
 288 </ul></li>
 289
 290 <li>2018
 291 <ul>
 292
 293 <li><a href="http://www.hungry.com/~pere/blog/archive/2018/01/">January (1)</a></li>
 294
 295 <li><a href="http://www.hungry.com/~pere/blog/archive/2018/02/">February (5)</a></li>
 296
 297 <li><a href="http://www.hungry.com/~pere/blog/archive/2018/03/">March (5)</a></li>
 298
 299 <li><a href="http://www.hungry.com/~pere/blog/archive/2018/04/">April (3)</a></li>
 300
 301 <li><a href="http://www.hungry.com/~pere/blog/archive/2018/06/">June (2)</a></li>
 302
 303 <li><a href="http://www.hungry.com/~pere/blog/archive/2018/07/">July (5)</a></li>
 304
 305 <li><a href="http://www.hungry.com/~pere/blog/archive/2018/08/">August (3)</a></li>
 306
 307 <li><a href="http://www.hungry.com/~pere/blog/archive/2018/09/">September (3)</a></li>
 308
 309 <li><a href="http://www.hungry.com/~pere/blog/archive/2018/10/">October (5)</a></li>
 310
 311 <li><a href="http://www.hungry.com/~pere/blog/archive/2018/11/">November (2)</a></li>
 312
 313 <li><a href="http://www.hungry.com/~pere/blog/archive/2018/12/">December (4)</a></li>
 314
 315 </ul></li>
 316
 317 <li>2017
 318 <ul>
 319
 320 <li><a href="http://www.hungry.com/~pere/blog/archive/2017/01/">January (4)</a></li>
 321
 322 <li><a href="http://www.hungry.com/~pere/blog/archive/2017/02/">February (3)</a></li>
 323
 324 <li><a href="http://www.hungry.com/~pere/blog/archive/2017/03/">March (5)</a></li>
 325
 326 <li><a href="http://www.hungry.com/~pere/blog/archive/2017/04/">April (2)</a></li>
 327
 328 <li><a href="http://www.hungry.com/~pere/blog/archive/2017/06/">June (5)</a></li>
 329
 330 <li><a href="http://www.hungry.com/~pere/blog/archive/2017/07/">July (1)</a></li>
 331
 332 <li><a href="http://www.hungry.com/~pere/blog/archive/2017/08/">August (1)</a></li>
 333
 334 <li><a href="http://www.hungry.com/~pere/blog/archive/2017/09/">September (3)</a></li>
 335
 336 <li><a href="http://www.hungry.com/~pere/blog/archive/2017/10/">October (5)</a></li>
 337
 338 <li><a href="http://www.hungry.com/~pere/blog/archive/2017/11/">November (3)</a></li>
 339
 340 <li><a href="http://www.hungry.com/~pere/blog/archive/2017/12/">December (4)</a></li>
 341
 342 </ul></li>
 343
 344 <li>2016
 345 <ul>
 346
 347 <li><a href="http://www.hungry.com/~pere/blog/archive/2016/01/">January (3)</a></li>
 348
 349 <li><a href="http://www.hungry.com/~pere/blog/archive/2016/02/">February (2)</a></li>
 350
 351 <li><a href="http://www.hungry.com/~pere/blog/archive/2016/03/">March (3)</a></li>
 352
 353 <li><a href="http://www.hungry.com/~pere/blog/archive/2016/04/">April (8)</a></li>
 354
 355 <li><a href="http://www.hungry.com/~pere/blog/archive/2016/05/">May (8)</a></li>
 356
 357 <li><a href="http://www.hungry.com/~pere/blog/archive/2016/06/">June (2)</a></li>
 358
 359 <li><a href="http://www.hungry.com/~pere/blog/archive/2016/07/">July (2)</a></li>
 360
 361 <li><a href="http://www.hungry.com/~pere/blog/archive/2016/08/">August (5)</a></li>
 362
 363 <li><a href="http://www.hungry.com/~pere/blog/archive/2016/09/">September (2)</a></li>
 364
 365 <li><a href="http://www.hungry.com/~pere/blog/archive/2016/10/">October (3)</a></li>
 366
 367 <li><a href="http://www.hungry.com/~pere/blog/archive/2016/11/">November (8)</a></li>
 368
 369 <li><a href="http://www.hungry.com/~pere/blog/archive/2016/12/">December (5)</a></li>
 370
 371 </ul></li>
 372
 373 <li>2015
 374 <ul>
 375
 376 <li><a href="http://www.hungry.com/~pere/blog/archive/2015/01/">January (7)</a></li>
 377
 378 <li><a href="http://www.hungry.com/~pere/blog/archive/2015/02/">February (6)</a></li>
 379
 380 <li><a href="http://www.hungry.com/~pere/blog/archive/2015/03/">March (1)</a></li>
 381
 382 <li><a href="http://www.hungry.com/~pere/blog/archive/2015/04/">April (4)</a></li>
 383
 384 <li><a href="http://www.hungry.com/~pere/blog/archive/2015/05/">May (3)</a></li>
 385
 386 <li><a href="http://www.hungry.com/~pere/blog/archive/2015/06/">June (4)</a></li>
 387
 388 <li><a href="http://www.hungry.com/~pere/blog/archive/2015/07/">July (6)</a></li>
 389
 390 <li><a href="http://www.hungry.com/~pere/blog/archive/2015/08/">August (2)</a></li>
 391
 392 <li><a href="http://www.hungry.com/~pere/blog/archive/2015/09/">September (2)</a></li>
 393
 394 <li><a href="http://www.hungry.com/~pere/blog/archive/2015/10/">October (9)</a></li>
 395
 396 <li><a href="http://www.hungry.com/~pere/blog/archive/2015/11/">November (6)</a></li>
 397
 398 <li><a href="http://www.hungry.com/~pere/blog/archive/2015/12/">December (3)</a></li>
 399
 400 </ul></li>
 401
 402 <li>2014
 403 <ul>
 404
 405 <li><a href="http://www.hungry.com/~pere/blog/archive/2014/01/">January (2)</a></li>
 406
 407 <li><a href="http://www.hungry.com/~pere/blog/archive/2014/02/">February (3)</a></li>
 408
 409 <li><a href="http://www.hungry.com/~pere/blog/archive/2014/03/">March (8)</a></li>
 410
 411 <li><a href="http://www.hungry.com/~pere/blog/archive/2014/04/">April (7)</a></li>
 412
 413 <li><a href="http://www.hungry.com/~pere/blog/archive/2014/05/">May (1)</a></li>
 414
 415 <li><a href="http://www.hungry.com/~pere/blog/archive/2014/06/">June (2)</a></li>
 416
 417 <li><a href="http://www.hungry.com/~pere/blog/archive/2014/07/">July (2)</a></li>
 418
 419 <li><a href="http://www.hungry.com/~pere/blog/archive/2014/08/">August (2)</a></li>
 420
 421 <li><a href="http://www.hungry.com/~pere/blog/archive/2014/09/">September (5)</a></li>
 422
 423 <li><a href="http://www.hungry.com/~pere/blog/archive/2014/10/">October (6)</a></li>
 424
 425 <li><a href="http://www.hungry.com/~pere/blog/archive/2014/11/">November (3)</a></li>
 426
 427 <li><a href="http://www.hungry.com/~pere/blog/archive/2014/12/">December (5)</a></li>
 428
 429 </ul></li>
 430
 431 <li>2013
 432 <ul>
 433
 434 <li><a href="http://www.hungry.com/~pere/blog/archive/2013/01/">January (11)</a></li>
 435
 436 <li><a href="http://www.hungry.com/~pere/blog/archive/2013/02/">February (9)</a></li>
 437
 438 <li><a href="http://www.hungry.com/~pere/blog/archive/2013/03/">March (9)</a></li>
 439
 440 <li><a href="http://www.hungry.com/~pere/blog/archive/2013/04/">April (6)</a></li>
 441
 442 <li><a href="http://www.hungry.com/~pere/blog/archive/2013/05/">May (9)</a></li>
 443
 444 <li><a href="http://www.hungry.com/~pere/blog/archive/2013/06/">June (10)</a></li>
 445
 446 <li><a href="http://www.hungry.com/~pere/blog/archive/2013/07/">July (7)</a></li>
 447
 448 <li><a href="http://www.hungry.com/~pere/blog/archive/2013/08/">August (3)</a></li>
 449
 450 <li><a href="http://www.hungry.com/~pere/blog/archive/2013/09/">September (5)</a></li>
 451
 452 <li><a href="http://www.hungry.com/~pere/blog/archive/2013/10/">October (7)</a></li>
 453
 454 <li><a href="http://www.hungry.com/~pere/blog/archive/2013/11/">November (9)</a></li>
 455
 456 <li><a href="http://www.hungry.com/~pere/blog/archive/2013/12/">December (3)</a></li>
 457
 458 </ul></li>
 459
 460 <li>2012
 461 <ul>
 462
 463 <li><a href="http://www.hungry.com/~pere/blog/archive/2012/01/">January (7)</a></li>
 464
 465 <li><a href="http://www.hungry.com/~pere/blog/archive/2012/02/">February (10)</a></li>
 466
 467 <li><a href="http://www.hungry.com/~pere/blog/archive/2012/03/">March (17)</a></li>
 468
 469 <li><a href="http://www.hungry.com/~pere/blog/archive/2012/04/">April (12)</a></li>
 470
 471 <li><a href="http://www.hungry.com/~pere/blog/archive/2012/05/">May (12)</a></li>
 472
 473 <li><a href="http://www.hungry.com/~pere/blog/archive/2012/06/">June (20)</a></li>
 474
 475 <li><a href="http://www.hungry.com/~pere/blog/archive/2012/07/">July (17)</a></li>
 476
 477 <li><a href="http://www.hungry.com/~pere/blog/archive/2012/08/">August (6)</a></li>
 478
 479 <li><a href="http://www.hungry.com/~pere/blog/archive/2012/09/">September (9)</a></li>
 480
 481 <li><a href="http://www.hungry.com/~pere/blog/archive/2012/10/">October (17)</a></li>
 482
 483 <li><a href="http://www.hungry.com/~pere/blog/archive/2012/11/">November (10)</a></li>
 484
 485 <li><a href="http://www.hungry.com/~pere/blog/archive/2012/12/">December (7)</a></li>
 486
 487 </ul></li>
 488
 489 <li>2011
 490 <ul>
 491
 492 <li><a href="http://www.hungry.com/~pere/blog/archive/2011/01/">January (16)</a></li>
 493
 494 <li><a href="http://www.hungry.com/~pere/blog/archive/2011/02/">February (6)</a></li>
 495
 496 <li><a href="http://www.hungry.com/~pere/blog/archive/2011/03/">March (6)</a></li>
 497
 498 <li><a href="http://www.hungry.com/~pere/blog/archive/2011/04/">April (7)</a></li>
 499
 500 <li><a href="http://www.hungry.com/~pere/blog/archive/2011/05/">May (3)</a></li>
 501
 502 <li><a href="http://www.hungry.com/~pere/blog/archive/2011/06/">June (2)</a></li>
 503
 504 <li><a href="http://www.hungry.com/~pere/blog/archive/2011/07/">July (7)</a></li>
 505
 506 <li><a href="http://www.hungry.com/~pere/blog/archive/2011/08/">August (6)</a></li>
 507
 508 <li><a href="http://www.hungry.com/~pere/blog/archive/2011/09/">September (4)</a></li>
 509
 510 <li><a href="http://www.hungry.com/~pere/blog/archive/2011/10/">October (2)</a></li>
 511
 512 <li><a href="http://www.hungry.com/~pere/blog/archive/2011/11/">November (3)</a></li>
 513
 514 <li><a href="http://www.hungry.com/~pere/blog/archive/2011/12/">December (1)</a></li>
 515
 516 </ul></li>
 517
 518 <li>2010
 519 <ul>
 520
 521 <li><a href="http://www.hungry.com/~pere/blog/archive/2010/01/">January (2)</a></li>
 522
 523 <li><a href="http://www.hungry.com/~pere/blog/archive/2010/02/">February (1)</a></li>
 524
 525 <li><a href="http://www.hungry.com/~pere/blog/archive/2010/03/">March (3)</a></li>
 526
 527 <li><a href="http://www.hungry.com/~pere/blog/archive/2010/04/">April (3)</a></li>
 528
 529 <li><a href="http://www.hungry.com/~pere/blog/archive/2010/05/">May (9)</a></li>
 530
 531 <li><a href="http://www.hungry.com/~pere/blog/archive/2010/06/">June (14)</a></li>
 532
 533 <li><a href="http://www.hungry.com/~pere/blog/archive/2010/07/">July (12)</a></li>
 534
 535 <li><a href="http://www.hungry.com/~pere/blog/archive/2010/08/">August (13)</a></li>
 536
 537 <li><a href="http://www.hungry.com/~pere/blog/archive/2010/09/">September (7)</a></li>
 538
 539 <li><a href="http://www.hungry.com/~pere/blog/archive/2010/10/">October (9)</a></li>
 540
 541 <li><a href="http://www.hungry.com/~pere/blog/archive/2010/11/">November (13)</a></li>
 542
 543 <li><a href="http://www.hungry.com/~pere/blog/archive/2010/12/">December (12)</a></li>
 544
 545 </ul></li>
 546
 547 <li>2009
 548 <ul>
 549
 550 <li><a href="http://www.hungry.com/~pere/blog/archive/2009/01/">January (8)</a></li>
 551
 552 <li><a href="http://www.hungry.com/~pere/blog/archive/2009/02/">February (8)</a></li>
 553
 554 <li><a href="http://www.hungry.com/~pere/blog/archive/2009/03/">March (12)</a></li>
 555
 556 <li><a href="http://www.hungry.com/~pere/blog/archive/2009/04/">April (10)</a></li>
 557
 558 <li><a href="http://www.hungry.com/~pere/blog/archive/2009/05/">May (9)</a></li>
 559
 560 <li><a href="http://www.hungry.com/~pere/blog/archive/2009/06/">June (3)</a></li>
 561
 562 <li><a href="http://www.hungry.com/~pere/blog/archive/2009/07/">July (4)</a></li>
 563
 564 <li><a href="http://www.hungry.com/~pere/blog/archive/2009/08/">August (3)</a></li>
 565
 566 <li><a href="http://www.hungry.com/~pere/blog/archive/2009/09/">September (1)</a></li>
 567
 568 <li><a href="http://www.hungry.com/~pere/blog/archive/2009/10/">October (2)</a></li>
 569
 570 <li><a href="http://www.hungry.com/~pere/blog/archive/2009/11/">November (3)</a></li>
 571
 572 <li><a href="http://www.hungry.com/~pere/blog/archive/2009/12/">December (3)</a></li>
 573
 574 </ul></li>
 575
 576 <li>2008
 577 <ul>
 578
 579 <li><a href="http://www.hungry.com/~pere/blog/archive/2008/11/">November (5)</a></li>
 580
 581 <li><a href="http://www.hungry.com/~pere/blog/archive/2008/12/">December (7)</a></li>
 582
 583 </ul></li>
 584
 585 </ul>
 586
 587
 588
 589 <h2>Tags</h2>
 590 <ul>
 591
 592  <li><a href="http://www.hungry.com/~pere/blog/tags/3d-printer">3d-printer (19)</a></li>
 593
 594  <li><a href="http://www.hungry.com/~pere/blog/tags/amiga">amiga (1)</a></li>
 595
 596  <li><a href="http://www.hungry.com/~pere/blog/tags/aros">aros (1)</a></li>
 597
 598  <li><a href="http://www.hungry.com/~pere/blog/tags/bankid">bankid (4)</a></li>
 599
 600  <li><a href="http://www.hungry.com/~pere/blog/tags/betalkontant">betalkontant (9)</a></li>
 601
 602  <li><a href="http://www.hungry.com/~pere/blog/tags/bitcoin">bitcoin (13)</a></li>
 603
 604  <li><a href="http://www.hungry.com/~pere/blog/tags/bootsystem">bootsystem (17)</a></li>
 605
 606  <li><a href="http://www.hungry.com/~pere/blog/tags/bsa">bsa (2)</a></li>
 607
 608  <li><a href="http://www.hungry.com/~pere/blog/tags/chrpath">chrpath (3)</a></li>
 609
 610  <li><a href="http://www.hungry.com/~pere/blog/tags/debian">debian (209)</a></li>
 611
 612  <li><a href="http://www.hungry.com/~pere/blog/tags/debian edu">debian edu (159)</a></li>
 613
 614  <li><a href="http://www.hungry.com/~pere/blog/tags/debian-handbook">debian-handbook (9)</a></li>
 615
 616  <li><a href="http://www.hungry.com/~pere/blog/tags/digistan">digistan (11)</a></li>
 617
 618  <li><a href="http://www.hungry.com/~pere/blog/tags/dld">dld (18)</a></li>
 619
 620  <li><a href="http://www.hungry.com/~pere/blog/tags/docbook">docbook (33)</a></li>
 621
 622  <li><a href="http://www.hungry.com/~pere/blog/tags/drivstoffpriser">drivstoffpriser (4)</a></li>
 623
 624  <li><a href="http://www.hungry.com/~pere/blog/tags/english">english (471)</a></li>
 625
 626  <li><a href="http://www.hungry.com/~pere/blog/tags/fiksgatami">fiksgatami (23)</a></li>
 627
 628  <li><a href="http://www.hungry.com/~pere/blog/tags/fildeling">fildeling (14)</a></li>
 629
 630  <li><a href="http://www.hungry.com/~pere/blog/tags/freeculture">freeculture (34)</a></li>
 631
 632  <li><a href="http://www.hungry.com/~pere/blog/tags/freedombox">freedombox (9)</a></li>
 633
 634  <li><a href="http://www.hungry.com/~pere/blog/tags/frikanalen">frikanalen (20)</a></li>
 635
 636  <li><a href="http://www.hungry.com/~pere/blog/tags/h264">h264 (20)</a></li>
 637
 638  <li><a href="http://www.hungry.com/~pere/blog/tags/intervju">intervju (43)</a></li>
 639
 640  <li><a href="http://www.hungry.com/~pere/blog/tags/isenkram">isenkram (21)</a></li>
 641
 642  <li><a href="http://www.hungry.com/~pere/blog/tags/kart">kart (23)</a></li>
 643
 644  <li><a href="http://www.hungry.com/~pere/blog/tags/kodi">kodi (6)</a></li>
 645
 646  <li><a href="http://www.hungry.com/~pere/blog/tags/ldap">ldap (9)</a></li>
 647
 648  <li><a href="http://www.hungry.com/~pere/blog/tags/lego">lego (5)</a></li>
 649
 650  <li><a href="http://www.hungry.com/~pere/blog/tags/lenker">lenker (8)</a></li>
 651
 652  <li><a href="http://www.hungry.com/~pere/blog/tags/linuxcnc">linuxcnc (8)</a></li>
 653
 654  <li><a href="http://www.hungry.com/~pere/blog/tags/lsdvd">lsdvd (3)</a></li>
 655
 656  <li><a href="http://www.hungry.com/~pere/blog/tags/ltsp">ltsp (1)</a></li>
 657
 658  <li><a href="http://www.hungry.com/~pere/blog/tags/madewithcc">madewithcc (3)</a></li>
 659
 660  <li><a href="http://www.hungry.com/~pere/blog/tags/mesh network">mesh network (8)</a></li>
 661
 662  <li><a href="http://www.hungry.com/~pere/blog/tags/multimedia">multimedia (48)</a></li>
 663
 664  <li><a href="http://www.hungry.com/~pere/blog/tags/nice free software">nice free software (15)</a></li>
 665
 666  <li><a href="http://www.hungry.com/~pere/blog/tags/noark5">noark5 (27)</a></li>
 667
 668  <li><a href="http://www.hungry.com/~pere/blog/tags/norsk">norsk (326)</a></li>
 669
 670  <li><a href="http://www.hungry.com/~pere/blog/tags/nuug">nuug (200)</a></li>
 671
 672  <li><a href="http://www.hungry.com/~pere/blog/tags/offentlig innsyn">offentlig innsyn (42)</a></li>
 673
 674  <li><a href="http://www.hungry.com/~pere/blog/tags/open311">open311 (2)</a></li>
 675
 676  <li><a href="http://www.hungry.com/~pere/blog/tags/opensnitch">opensnitch (4)</a></li>
 677
 678  <li><a href="http://www.hungry.com/~pere/blog/tags/opphavsrett">opphavsrett (76)</a></li>
 679
 680  <li><a href="http://www.hungry.com/~pere/blog/tags/personvern">personvern (114)</a></li>
 681
 682  <li><a href="http://www.hungry.com/~pere/blog/tags/raid">raid (4)</a></li>
 683
 684  <li><a href="http://www.hungry.com/~pere/blog/tags/reactos">reactos (1)</a></li>
 685
 686  <li><a href="http://www.hungry.com/~pere/blog/tags/reprap">reprap (11)</a></li>
 687
 688  <li><a href="http://www.hungry.com/~pere/blog/tags/rfid">rfid (3)</a></li>
 689
 690  <li><a href="http://www.hungry.com/~pere/blog/tags/robot">robot (17)</a></li>
 691
 692  <li><a href="http://www.hungry.com/~pere/blog/tags/rss">rss (1)</a></li>
 693
 694  <li><a href="http://www.hungry.com/~pere/blog/tags/ruter">ruter (7)</a></li>
 695
 696  <li><a href="http://www.hungry.com/~pere/blog/tags/scraperwiki">scraperwiki (2)</a></li>
 697
 698  <li><a href="http://www.hungry.com/~pere/blog/tags/sikkerhet">sikkerhet (60)</a></li>
 699
 700  <li><a href="http://www.hungry.com/~pere/blog/tags/sitesummary">sitesummary (4)</a></li>
 701
 702  <li><a href="http://www.hungry.com/~pere/blog/tags/skepsis">skepsis (5)</a></li>
 703
 704  <li><a href="http://www.hungry.com/~pere/blog/tags/standard">standard (80)</a></li>
 705
 706  <li><a href="http://www.hungry.com/~pere/blog/tags/stavekontroll">stavekontroll (7)</a></li>
 707
 708  <li><a href="http://www.hungry.com/~pere/blog/tags/stortinget">stortinget (14)</a></li>
 709
 710  <li><a href="http://www.hungry.com/~pere/blog/tags/surveillance">surveillance (65)</a></li>
 711
 712  <li><a href="http://www.hungry.com/~pere/blog/tags/sysadmin">sysadmin (6)</a></li>
 713
 714  <li><a href="http://www.hungry.com/~pere/blog/tags/usenix">usenix (2)</a></li>
 715
 716  <li><a href="http://www.hungry.com/~pere/blog/tags/valg">valg (9)</a></li>
 717
 718  <li><a href="http://www.hungry.com/~pere/blog/tags/verkidetfri">verkidetfri (23)</a></li>
 719
 720  <li><a href="http://www.hungry.com/~pere/blog/tags/video">video (82)</a></li>
 721
 722  <li><a href="http://www.hungry.com/~pere/blog/tags/vitenskap">vitenskap (4)</a></li>
 723
 724  <li><a href="http://www.hungry.com/~pere/blog/tags/web">web (42)</a></li>
 725
 726 </ul>
 727
 728
 729     </div>
 730     <p style="text-align: right">
 731  Created by <a href="http://steve.org.uk/Software/chronicle">Chronicle v4.6</a>
 732 </p>
 733
 734   </body>
 735 </html>