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  13  <h1>
  14      <a href="https://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/">Petter Reinholdtsen</a>
  15
  16  </h1>
  17
  18 </div>
  19
  20
  21
  22     <div class="entry">
  23       <div class="title"><a href="https://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/Test_framework_for_DocBook_processors___formatters.html">Test framework for DocBook processors / formatters</a></div>
  24       <div class="date"> 5th November 2023</div>
  25       <div class="body"><p>All the books I have published so far has been using
  26 <a href="https://docbook.org/">DocBook</a> somewhere in the process.
  27 For the first book, the source format was DocBook, while for every
  28 later book it was an intermediate format used as the stepping stone to
  29 be able to present the same manuscript in several formats, on paper,
  30 as ebook in ePub format, as a HTML page and as a PDF file either for
  31 paper production or for Internet consumption.  This is made possible
  32 with a wide variety of free software tools with DocBook support in
  33 Debian.  The source format of later books have been docx via rst,
  34 Markdown, Filemaker and Asciidoc, and for all of these I was able to
  35 generate a suitable DocBook file for further processing using pandoc,
  36 a2x and asciidoctor, as well as rendering using
  37 <a href="https://tracker.debian.org/pkg/xmlto">xmlto</a>,
  38 <a href="https://tracker.debian.org/pkg/dbtoepub">dbtoepub</a>,
  39 <a href="https://tracker.debian.org/pkg/dblatex">dblatex</a>,
  40 <a href="https://tracker.debian.org/pkg/dblatex">docbook-xsl</a> and
  41 <a href="https://tracker.debian.org/pkg/fop">fop</a>.</p>
  42
  43 <p>Most of the <a href="http://www.hungry.com/~pere/publisher/">books I
  44 have published</a> are translated books, with English as the source
  45 language.  The use of
  46 <a href="https://tracker.debian.org/pkg/po4a">po4a</a> to
  47 handle translations using the gettext PO format has been a blessing,
  48 but publishing translated books had triggered the need to ensure the
  49 DocBook tools handle relevant languages correctly.  For every new
  50 language I have published, I had to submit patches dblatex, dbtoepub
  51 and docbook-xsl fixing incorrect language and country specific issues
  52 in the framework themselves.  Typically this has been missing keywords
  53 like 'figure' or sort ordering of index entries.  After a while it
  54 became tiresome to only discover issues like this by accident, and I
  55 decided to write a DocBook "test framework" exercising various
  56 features of DocBook and allowing me to see all features exercised for
  57 a given language.  It consist of a set of DocBook files, a version 4
  58 book, a version 5 book, a v4 book set, a v4 selection of problematic
  59 tables, one v4 testing sidefloat and finally one v4 testing a book of
  60 articles.  The DocBook files are accompanied with a set of build rules
  61 for building PDF using dblatex and docbook-xsl/fop, HTML using xmlto
  62 or docbook-xsl and epub using dbtoepub.  The result is a set of files
  63 visualizing footnotes, indexes, table of content list, figures,
  64 formulas and other DocBook features, allowing for a quick review on
  65 the completeness of the given locale settings.  To build with a
  66 different language setting, all one need to do is edit the lang= value
  67 in the .xml file to pick a different ISO 639 code value and run
  68 'make'.</p>
  69
  70 <p>The <a href="https://codeberg.org/pere/docbook-example/">test framework
  71 source code</a> is available from Codeberg, and a generated set of
  72 presentations of the various examples is available as Codeberg static
  73 web pages at
  74 <a href="https://pere.codeberg.page/docbook-example/">https://pere.codeberg.page/docbook-example/</a>.
  75 Using this test framework I have been able to discover and report
  76 several bugs and missing features in various tools, and got a lot of
  77 them fixed.  For example I got Northern Sami keywords added to both
  78 docbook-xsl and dblatex, fixed several typos in Norwegian bokmål and
  79 Norwegian Nynorsk, support for non-ascii title IDs added to pandoc,
  80 Norwegian index sorting support fixed in xindy and initial Norwegian
  81 Bokmål support added to dblatex.  Some issues still remains, though.
  82 Default index sorting rules are still broken in several tools, so the
  83 Norwegian letters æ, ø and å are more often than not sorted properly
  84 in the book index.</p>
  85
  86 <p>The test framework recently received some more polish, as part of
  87 publishing my latest book.  This book contained a lot of fairly
  88 complex tables, which exposed bugs in some of the tools.  This made me
  89 add a new test file with various tables, as well as spend some time to
  90 brush up the build rules.  My goal is for the test framework to
  91 exercise all DocBook features to make it easier to see which features
  92 work with different processors, and hopefully get them all to support
  93 the full set of DocBook features.  Feel free to send patches to extend
  94 the test set, and test it with your favorite DocBook processor.
  95 Please visit these two URLs to learn more:</p>
  96
  97 <ul>
  98 <li><a href="https://codeberg.org/pere/docbook-example/">https://codeberg.org/pere/docbook-example/</a></li>
  99 <li><a href="https://pere.codeberg.page/docbook-example/">https://pere.codeberg.page/docbook-example/</a></li>
 100 </ul>
 101
 102 <p>If you want to learn more on Docbook and translations, I recommend
 103 having a look at the <a href="https://docbook.org/">the DocBook
 104 web site</a>,
 105 <a href="https://doccookbook.sourceforge.net/html/en/">the DoCookBook
 106 site<a/> and my earlier blog post on
 107 <a href="https://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/From_English_wiki_to_translated_PDF_and_epub_via_Docbook.html">how
 108 the Skolelinux project process and translate documentation</a>,  a talk I gave earlier this year on
 109 <a href="https://www.nuug.no/aktiviteter/20230314-oversetting-og-publisering-av-b%c3%b8ker-med-fri-programvare/">how
 110 to translate and publish books using free software</a> (Norwegian
 111 only).</p>
 112
 113 <!--
 114
 115 https://github.com/docbook/xslt10-stylesheets/issues/205 (docbook-xsl: sme support)
 116 https://bugs.debian.org/968437 (xindy: index sorting rules for nb/nn)
 117 https://bugs.debian.org/856123 (pandoc: markdown to docbook with non-english titles)
 118 https://bugs.debian.org/864813 (dblatex: missing nb words)
 119 https://bugs.debian.org/756386 (dblatex: index sorting rules for nb/nn)
 120 https://bugs.debian.org/796871 (dbtoepub: index sorting rules for nb/nn)
 121 https://bugs.debian.org/792616 (dblatex: PDF metadata)
 122 https://bugs.debian.org/686908 (docbook-xsl: index sorting rules for nb/nn)
 123 https://sourceforge.net/tracker/?func=detail&atid=373747&aid=3556630&group_id=21935 (docbook-xsl: nb/nn support)
 124 https://bugs.debian.org/684391 (dblatex: initial nb support)
 125
 126 -->
 127
 128 <p>As usual, if you use Bitcoin and want to show your support of my
 129 activities, please send Bitcoin donations to my address
 130 <b><a href="bitcoin:15oWEoG9dUPovwmUL9KWAnYRtNJEkP1u1b">15oWEoG9dUPovwmUL9KWAnYRtNJEkP1u1b</a></b>.</p>
 131 </div>
 132       <div class="tags">
 133
 134
 135         Tags: <a href="https://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/tags/debian">debian</a>, <a href="https://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/tags/docbook">docbook</a>, <a href="https://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/tags/english">english</a>.
 136
 137
 138       </div>
 139     </div>
 140     <div class="padding"></div>
 141
 142     <div class="entry">
 143       <div class="title"><a href="https://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/_Virkninger_av_angrefristloven___hovedfagsoppgaven_som_fikk_endret_en_lov.html">«Virkninger av angrefristloven», hovedfagsoppgaven som fikk endret en lov</a></div>
 144       <div class="date">29th October 2023</div>
 145       <div class="body"><img src="http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/images/2023-10-29-bok-angrefrist.svg" width="20%" align="center"></a>
 146
 147 <p>I 1979 leverte Ole-Erik Yrvin en hovedfagsoppgave for Cand. Scient.
 148   ved Institutt for sosiologi på Universitetet i Oslo på oppdrag fra
 149   Forbruker- og administrasjonsdepartementet. Oppgaven evaluerte
 150   Angrefristloven fra 1972, og det han oppdaget førte til at loven ble
 151   endret fire år senere.</p>
 152
 153 <p>Jeg har kjent Ole-Erik en stund, og synes det var trist at hans
 154   oppgave ikke lenger er tilgjengelig, hverken fra oppdragsgiver
 155   eller fra universitetet.  Hans forsøk på å få den avbildet og lagt
 156   ut på Internett har vist seg fånyttes, så derfor tilbød jeg meg for
 157   en stund tilbake å publisere den og gjøre den tilgjengelig med
 158   fribruksvilkår på Internett.  Det er nå klart, og hovedfagsoppgaven
 159   er tilgjengelig blant annet via <a
 160   href="http://www.hungry.com/~pere/publisher/">min liste over
 161   publiserte bøker</a>, både som nettside,
 162   <a href="https://www.lulu.com/search?contributor=Ole-Erik+Yrvin">digital
 163   bok i ePub-format og på papir fra lulu.com</a>.  Jeg regner med at
 164   den også vil dukke opp på nettbokhandlere i løpet av en måned eller
 165   to.</p>
 166
 167 <p>Alle tabeller og figurer er gjenskapt for bedre lesbarhet, noen
 168   skrivefeil rettet opp og mange referanser har fått flere detaljer
 169   som ISBN-nummer og DOI-referanse.  Selv om jeg ikke regner med at
 170   dette blir en kioskvelter, så håper jeg denne nye utgaven kan komme
 171   fremtiden til glede.</p>
 172
 173 <p>Som vanlig, hvis du bruker Bitcoin og ønsker å vise din støtte til
 174 det jeg driver med, setter jeg pris på om du sender Bitcoin-donasjoner
 175 til min adresse
 176 <b><a href="bitcoin:15oWEoG9dUPovwmUL9KWAnYRtNJEkP1u1b">15oWEoG9dUPovwmUL9KWAnYRtNJEkP1u1b</a></b>. Merk,
 177 betaling med bitcoin er ikke anonymt. :)</p>
 178 </div>
 179       <div class="tags">
 180
 181
 182         Tags: <a href="https://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/tags/docbook">docbook</a>, <a href="https://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/tags/norsk">norsk</a>.
 183
 184
 185       </div>
 186     </div>
 187     <div class="padding"></div>
 188
 189     <div class="entry">
 190       <div class="title"><a href="https://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/_underordnet_tjenestemann_blir_inhabil_fordi_en_overordnet_er_inhabil__.html">«underordnet tjenestemann blir inhabil fordi en overordnet er inhabil».</a></div>
 191       <div class="date"> 7th September 2023</div>
 192       <div class="body"><p>Medlemmene av Norges regjering har demonstert de siste månedene at
 193 habilitetsvureringer ikke er deres sterke side og det gjelder både
 194 Arbeiderpartiets og Senterpartiers representater. Det er heldigvis
 195 enklere i det private, da inhabilitetsreglene kun gjelder de som
 196 jobber for folket, ikke seg selv.  Sist ut er utenriksminister
 197 Huitfeldt.  I går kom nyheten om at
 198 <a href="https://www.nrk.no/nyheter/riksadvokaten_-okokrim-nestsjef-kan-behandle-huitfeldt-saken-1.16545162">Riksadvokaten
 199 har konkludert med at nestsjefen i Økokrim kan behandle sak om
 200 habilitet og innsidekunnskap</a> for Huitfeldt, på tross av at hans
 201 overordnede, sjefen for Økokrim, har meldt seg inhabil i saken.  Dette
 202 er litt rart.  I veilednigen
 203 «<a href="https://www.regjeringen.no/globalassets/upload/krd/vedlegg/komm/veiledere/habilitet_i_kommuner_og_fylkeskommuner.pdf">Habilitet
 204 i kommuner og fylkeskommuner</a>» av Kommunal- og regionaldepartementet
 205 forteller de hva som gjelder, riktig nok gjelder veiledningen ikke for
 206 Økokrim som jo ikke er kommune eller fylkeskommune, men jeg får ikke
 207 inntrykk av at dette er regler som kun gjelder for kommune og
 208 fylkeskommune:
 209
 210 <blockquote>
 211 <p>«<strong>2.1 Oversikt over inhabilitetsgrunnlagene</strong>
 212
 213 <p>De alminnelige reglene om inhabilitet for den offentlige
 214 forvaltningen er gitt i
 215 <a href="https://lovdata.no/dokument/NL/lov/1967-02-10/KAPITTEL_2#KAPITTEL_2">forvaltningsloven
 216 §§ 6 til 10</a>. Forvaltningslovens hovedregel om inhabilitet framgår
 217 av § 6. Her er det gitt tre ulike grunnlag som kan føre til at en
 218 tjenestemann eller folkevalgt blir inhabil. I § 6 første ledd
 219 bokstavene a til e er det oppstilt konkrete tilknytningsforhold mellom
 220 tjenestemannen og saken eller sakens parter som automatisk fører til
 221 inhabilitet. Annet ledd oppstiller en skjønnsmessig regel om at
 222 tjenestemannen også kan bli inhabil etter en konkret vurdering av
 223 inhabilitetsspørsmålet, der en lang rekke momenter kan være
 224 relevante. I tredje ledd er det regler om såkalt avledet
 225 inhabilitet. Det vil si at en underordnet tjenestemann blir inhabil
 226 fordi en overordnet er inhabil.»</p>
 227 </blockquote>
 228
 229 <p>Loven sier ganske enkelt «Er den overordnede tjenestemann ugild,
 230 kan avgjørelse i saken heller ikke treffes av en direkte underordnet
 231 tjenestemann i samme forvaltningsorgan.»  Jeg antar tanken er at en
 232 underordnet vil stå i fare for å tilpasse sine konklusjoner til det
 233 overordnet vil ha fordel av, for å fortsatt ha et godt forhold til sin
 234 overordnede.  Men jeg er ikke jurist og forstår nok ikke kompliserte
 235 juridiske vurderinger.  For å sitere «Kamerat Napoleon» av George
 236 Orwell: «Alle dyr er like, men noen dyr er likere enn andre».
 237 </div>
 238       <div class="tags">
 239
 240
 241         Tags: <a href="https://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/tags/norsk">norsk</a>.
 242
 243
 244       </div>
 245     </div>
 246     <div class="padding"></div>
 247
 248     <div class="entry">
 249       <div class="title"><a href="https://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/Invidious_add_on_for_Kodi_20.html">Invidious add-on for Kodi 20</a></div>
 250       <div class="date">10th August 2023</div>
 251       <div class="body"><p>I still enjoy <a href="https://kodi.tv/">Kodi</a> and
 252 <a href="https://libreelec.tv/">LibreELEC</a> as my multimedia center
 253 at home.  Sadly two of the services I really would like to use from
 254 within Kodi are not easily available.  The most wanted add-on would be
 255 one making <a href="https://archive.org/">The Internet Archive</a>
 256 available, and it has
 257 <a href="https://kodi.wiki/view/Add-on:Internet_Archive">not been
 258 working</a> for many years.  The second most wanted add-on is one
 259 using <a href="https://invidious.io/">the Invidious privacy enhanced
 260 Youtube frontent</a>.  A plugin for this has been partly working, but
 261 not been kept up to date in the Kodi add-on repository, and its
 262 upstream seem to have given it up in April this year, when the git
 263 repository was closed.  A few days ago I got tired of this sad state
 264 of affairs and decided to
 265 <a href="https://github.com/petterreinholdtsen/kodi-invidious-plugin">have
 266 a go at improving the Invidious add-on</a>.  As
 267 <a href="https://github.com/iv-org/invidious/issues/3872">Google has
 268 already attacked</a> the Invidious concept, so it need all the support
 269 if can get.  My small contribution here is to improve the service
 270 status on Kodi.</p>
 271
 272 <p>I added support to the Invidious add-on for automatically picking a
 273 working Invidious instance, instead of requiring the user to specify
 274 the URL to a specific instance after installation.  I also had a look
 275 at the set of patches floating around in the various forks on github,
 276 and decided to clean up at least some of the features I liked and
 277 integrate them into my new release branch.  Now the plugin can handle
 278 channel and short video items in search results.  Earlier it could
 279 only handle single video instances in the search response.  I also
 280 brushed up the set of metadata displayed a bit, but hope I can figure
 281 out how to get more relevant metadata displayed.</p>
 282
 283 <p>Because I only use Kodi 20 myself, I only test on version 20 and am
 284 only motivated to ensure version 20 is working.  Because of API changes
 285 between version 19 and 20, I suspect it will fail with earlier Kodi
 286 versions.</p>
 287
 288 <p>I already
 289 <a href="https://github.com/xbmc/repo-plugins/pull/4363">asked to have
 290 the add-on added</a> to the official Kodi 20 repository, and is
 291 waiting to heard back from the repo maintainers.</p>
 292
 293 <p>As usual, if you use Bitcoin and want to show your support of my
 294 activities, please send Bitcoin donations to my address
 295 <b><a href="bitcoin:15oWEoG9dUPovwmUL9KWAnYRtNJEkP1u1b">15oWEoG9dUPovwmUL9KWAnYRtNJEkP1u1b</a></b>.</p>
 296 </div>
 297       <div class="tags">
 298
 299
 300         Tags: <a href="https://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/tags/english">english</a>, <a href="https://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/tags/kodi">kodi</a>, <a href="https://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/tags/multimedia">multimedia</a>, <a href="https://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/tags/video">video</a>.
 301
 302
 303       </div>
 304     </div>
 305     <div class="padding"></div>
 306
 307     <div class="entry">
 308       <div class="title"><a href="https://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/What_did_I_learn_from_OpenSnitch_this_summer_.html">What did I learn from OpenSnitch this summer?</a></div>
 309       <div class="date">11th June 2023</div>
 310       <div class="body"><p>With yesterdays
 311 <a href="https://www.debian.org/News/2023/20230610">release of Debian
 312 12 Bookworm</a>, I am happy to know the
 313 <a href="https://tracker.debian.org/pkg/opensnitch">the interactive
 314 application firewall OpenSnitch</a> is available for a wider audience.
 315 I have been running it for a few weeks now, and have been surprised
 316 about some of the programs connecting to the Internet.  Some programs
 317 are obviously calling out from my machine, like the NTP network based
 318 clock adjusting system and Tor to reach other Tor clients, but others
 319 were more dubious.  For example, the KDE Window manager try to look up
 320 the host name in DNS, for no apparent reason, but if this lookup is
 321 blocked the KDE desktop get periodically stuck when I use it.  Another
 322 surprise was how much Firefox call home directly to mozilla.com,
 323 mozilla.net and googleapis.com, to mention a few, when I visit other
 324 web pages.  This direct connection happen even if I told Firefox to
 325 always use a proxy, and the proxy setting is ignored for this traffic.
 326 Other surprising connections come from audacity and dirmngr (I do not
 327 use Gnome).  It took some trial and error to get a good default set of
 328 permissions.  Without it, I would get popups asking for permissions at
 329 any time, also the most inconvenient ones where I am in the middle of
 330 a time sensitive gaming session.</p>
 331
 332 <p>I suspect some application developers should rethink when then need
 333 to use network connections or DNS lookups, and recommend testing
 334 OpenSnitch (only <tt>apt install opensnitch</tt> away in Debian
 335 Bookworm) to locate and report any surprising Internet connections on
 336 your desktop machine.</p>
 337
 338 <p>At the moment the upstream developer and Debian package maintainer
 339 is working on making the system more reliable in Debian, by enabling
 340 the eBPF kernel module to track processes and connections instead of
 341 depending in content in /proc/.  This should enter unstable fairly
 342 soon.</p>
 343
 344 <p>As usual, if you use Bitcoin and want to show your support of my
 345 activities, please send Bitcoin donations to my address
 346 <b><a href="bitcoin:15oWEoG9dUPovwmUL9KWAnYRtNJEkP1u1b">15oWEoG9dUPovwmUL9KWAnYRtNJEkP1u1b</a></b>.</p>
 347
 348 <p><strong>Update 2023-06-12</strong>: I got a tip about
 349 <a href="https://wiki.debian.org/PrivacyIssues">a list of privacy
 350 issues in Free Software</a> and the
 351 <a href="irc://irc.debian.org/%23debian-privacy">#debian-privacy IRC
 352 channel</a> discussing these topics.</p>
 353
 354 </div>
 355       <div class="tags">
 356
 357
 358         Tags: <a href="https://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/tags/debian">debian</a>, <a href="https://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/tags/english">english</a>, <a href="https://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/tags/opensnitch">opensnitch</a>.
 359
 360
 361       </div>
 362     </div>
 363     <div class="padding"></div>
 364
 365     <div class="entry">
 366       <div class="title"><a href="https://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/wmbusmeters__parse_data_from_your_utility_meter___nice_free_software.html">wmbusmeters, parse data from your utility meter - nice free software</a></div>
 367       <div class="date">19th May 2023</div>
 368       <div class="body"><p>There is a European standard for reading utility meters like water,
 369 gas, electricity or heat distribution meters.  The
 370 <a href="https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Meter-Bus">Meter-Bus standard
 371 (EN 13757-2, EN 13757-3 and EN 13757–4)</a> provide a cross vendor way
 372 to talk to and collect meter data.  I ran into this standard when I
 373 wanted to monitor some heat distribution meters, and managed to find
 374 free software that could do the job.  The meters in question broadcast
 375 encrypted messages with meter information via radio, and the hardest
 376 part was to track down the encryption keys from the vendor.  With this
 377 in place I could set up a MQTT gateway to submit the meter data for
 378 graphing.</p>
 379
 380 <p>The free software systems in question,
 381 <a href="https://tracker.debian.org/pkg/rtl-wmbus">rtl-wmbus</a> to
 382 read the messages from a software defined radio, and
 383 <a href="https://tracker.debian.org/pkg/wmbusmeters">wmbusmeters</a> to
 384 decrypt and decode the content of the messages, is working very well
 385 and allowe me to get frequent updates from my meters.  I got in touch
 386 with upstream last year to see if there was any interest in publishing
 387 the packages via Debian.  I was very happy to learn that Fredrik
 388 Öhrström volunteered to maintain the packages, and I have since
 389 assisted him in getting Debian package build rules in place as well as
 390 sponsoring the packages into the Debian archive.  Sadly we completed
 391 it too late for them to become part of the next stable Debian release
 392 (Bookworm).  The wmbusmeters package just cleared the NEW queue.  It
 393 will need some work to fix a built problem, but I expect Fredrik will
 394 find a solution soon.</p>
 395
 396 <p>If you got a infrastructure meter supporting the Meter Bus
 397 standard, I strongly recommend having a look at these nice
 398 packages.</p>
 399
 400 <p>As usual, if you use Bitcoin and want to show your support of my
 401 activities, please send Bitcoin donations to my address
 402 <b><a href="bitcoin:15oWEoG9dUPovwmUL9KWAnYRtNJEkP1u1b">15oWEoG9dUPovwmUL9KWAnYRtNJEkP1u1b</a></b>.</p>
 403 </div>
 404       <div class="tags">
 405
 406
 407         Tags: <a href="https://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/tags/debian">debian</a>, <a href="https://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/tags/english">english</a>, <a href="https://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/tags/nice free software">nice free software</a>.
 408
 409
 410       </div>
 411     </div>
 412     <div class="padding"></div>
 413
 414     <div class="entry">
 415       <div class="title"><a href="https://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/The_2023_LinuxCNC_Norwegian_developer_gathering.html">The 2023 LinuxCNC Norwegian developer gathering</a></div>
 416       <div class="date">14th May 2023</div>
 417       <div class="body"><p>The LinuxCNC project is making headway these days.  A lot of
 418 patches and issues have seen activity on
 419 <a href="https://github.com/LinuxCNC/linuxcnc/">the project github
 420 pages</a> recently.  A few weeks ago there was a developer gathering
 421 over at the <a href="https://tormach.com/">Tormach</a> headquarter in
 422 Wisconsin, and now we are planning a new gathering in Norway.  If you
 423 wonder what LinuxCNC is, lets quote Wikipedia:</p>
 424
 425 <blockquote>
 426 "LinuxCNC is a software system for numerical control of
 427 machines such as milling machines, lathes, plasma cutters, routers,
 428 cutting machines, robots and hexapods. It can control up to 9 axes or
 429 joints of a CNC machine using G-code (RS-274NGC) as input. It has
 430 several GUIs suited to specific kinds of usage (touch screen,
 431 interactive development)."
 432 </blockquote>
 433
 434 <p>The Norwegian developer gathering take place the weekend June 16th
 435 to 18th this year, and is open for everyone interested in contributing
 436 to LinuxCNC.  Up to date information about the gathering can be found
 437 in
 438 <a href="https://sourceforge.net/p/emc/mailman/emc-developers/thread/sa64jp06nob.fsf%40hjemme.reinholdtsen.name/#msg37837251">the
 439 developer mailing list thread</a> where the gathering was announced.
 440 Thanks to the good people at
 441 <a href="https://www.debian.org/">Debian</a>,
 442 <a href="https://www.redpill-linpro.com/">Redpill-Linpro</a> and
 443 <a href="https://www.nuugfoundation.no/no/">NUUG Foundation</a>, we
 444 have enough sponsor funds to pay for food, and shelter for the people
 445 traveling from afar to join us.  If you would like to join the
 446 gathering, get in touch.</p>
 447
 448 <p>As usual, if you use Bitcoin and want to show your support of my
 449 activities, please send Bitcoin donations to my address
 450 <b><a href="bitcoin:15oWEoG9dUPovwmUL9KWAnYRtNJEkP1u1b">15oWEoG9dUPovwmUL9KWAnYRtNJEkP1u1b</a></b>.</p>
 451 </div>
 452       <div class="tags">
 453
 454
 455         Tags: <a href="https://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/tags/debian">debian</a>, <a href="https://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/tags/english">english</a>, <a href="https://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/tags/linuxcnc">linuxcnc</a>.
 456
 457
 458       </div>
 459     </div>
 460     <div class="padding"></div>
 461
 462     <div class="entry">
 463       <div class="title"><a href="https://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/OpenSnitch_in_Debian_ready_for_prime_time.html">OpenSnitch in Debian ready for prime time</a></div>
 464       <div class="date">13th May 2023</div>
 465       <div class="body"><p>A bit delayed,
 466 <a href="https://tracker.debian.org/pkg/opensnitch">the interactive
 467 application firewall OpenSnitch</a> package in Debian now got the
 468 latest fixes ready for Debian Bookworm.  Because it depend on a
 469 package missing on some architectures, the autopkgtest check of the
 470 testing migration script did not understand that the tests were
 471 actually working, so the migration was delayed.  A bug in the package
 472 dependencies is also fixed, so those installing the firewall package
 473 (opensnitch) now also get the GUI admin tool (python3-opensnitch-ui)
 474 installed by default.  I am very grateful to Gustavo Iñiguez Goya for
 475 his work on getting the package ready for Debian Bookworm.</p>
 476
 477 <p>Armed with this package I have discovered some surprising
 478 connections from programs I believed were able to work completly
 479 offline, and it has already proven its worth, at least to me.  If you
 480 too want to get more familiar with the kind of programs using
 481 Internett connections on your machine, I recommend testing <tt>apt
 482 install opensnitch</tt> in Bookworm and see what you think.</p>
 483
 484 <p>The package is still not able to build its eBPF module within
 485 Debian.  Not sure how much work it would be to get it working, but
 486 suspect some kernel related packages need to be extended with more
 487 header files to get it working.</p>
 488
 489 <p>As usual, if you use Bitcoin and want to show your support of my
 490 activities, please send Bitcoin donations to my address
 491 <b><a href="bitcoin:15oWEoG9dUPovwmUL9KWAnYRtNJEkP1u1b">15oWEoG9dUPovwmUL9KWAnYRtNJEkP1u1b</a></b>.</p>
 492 </div>
 493       <div class="tags">
 494
 495
 496         Tags: <a href="https://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/tags/debian">debian</a>, <a href="https://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/tags/english">english</a>, <a href="https://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/tags/opensnitch">opensnitch</a>.
 497
 498
 499       </div>
 500     </div>
 501     <div class="padding"></div>
 502
 503     <div class="entry">
 504       <div class="title"><a href="https://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/Speech_to_text__she_APTly_whispered__how_hard_can_it_be_.html">Speech to text, she APTly whispered, how hard can it be?</a></div>
 505       <div class="date">23rd April 2023</div>
 506       <div class="body"><p>While visiting a convention during Easter, it occurred to me that
 507 it would be great if I could have a digital Dictaphone with
 508 transcribing capabilities, providing me with texts to cut-n-paste into
 509 stuff I need to write.  The background is that long drives often bring
 510 up the urge to write on texts I am working on, which of course is out
 511 of the question while driving.  With the release of
 512 <a href="https://github.com/openai/whisper/">OpenAI Whisper</a>, this
 513 seem to be within reach with Free Software, so I decided to give it a
 514 go.  OpenAI Whisper is a Linux based neural network system to read in
 515 audio files and provide text representation of the speech in that
 516 audio recording.  It handle multiple languages and according to its
 517 creators even can translate into a different language than the spoken
 518 one.  I have not tested the latter feature.  It can either use the CPU
 519 or a GPU with CUDA support.  As far as I can tell, CUDA in practice
 520 limit that feature to NVidia graphics cards.  I have few of those, as
 521 they do not work great with free software drivers, and have not tested
 522 the GPU option.  While looking into the matter, I did discover some
 523 work to provide CUDA support on non-NVidia GPUs, and some work with
 524 the library used by Whisper to port it to other GPUs, but have not
 525 spent much time looking into GPU support yet.  I've so far used an old
 526 X220 laptop as my test machine, and only transcribed using its
 527 CPU.</p>
 528
 529 <p>As it from a privacy standpoint is unthinkable to use computers
 530 under control of someone else (aka a "cloud" service) to transcribe
 531 ones thoughts and personal notes, I want to run the transcribing
 532 system locally on my own computers.  The only sensible approach to me
 533 is to make the effort I put into this available for any Linux user and
 534 to upload the needed packages into Debian.  Looking at Debian Bookworm, I
 535 discovered that only three packages were missing,
 536 <a href="https://bugs.debian.org/1034307">tiktoken</a>,
 537 <a href="https://bugs.debian.org/1034144">triton</a>, and
 538 <a href="https://bugs.debian.org/1034091">openai-whisper</a>.  For a while
 539 I also believed
 540 <a href="https://bugs.debian.org/1034286">ffmpeg-python</a> was
 541 needed, but as its
 542 <a href="https://github.com/kkroening/ffmpeg-python/issues/760">upstream
 543 seem to have vanished</a> I found it safer
 544 <a href="https://github.com/openai/whisper/pull/1242">to rewrite
 545 whisper</a> to stop depending on in than to introduce ffmpeg-python
 546 into Debian.  I decided to place these packages under the umbrella of
 547 <a href="https://salsa.debian.org/deeplearning-team">the Debian Deep
 548 Learning Team</a>, which seem like the best team to look after such
 549 packages.  Discussing the topic within the group also made me aware
 550 that the triton package was already a future dependency of newer
 551 versions of the torch package being planned, and would be needed after
 552 Bookworm is released.</p>
 553
 554 <p>All required code packages have been now waiting in
 555 <a href="https://ftp-master.debian.org/new.html">the Debian NEW
 556 queue</a> since Wednesday, heading for Debian Experimental until
 557 Bookworm is released.  An unsolved issue is how to handle the neural
 558 network models used by Whisper.  The default behaviour of Whisper is
 559 to require Internet connectivity and download the model requested to
 560 <tt>~/.cache/whisper/</tt> on first invocation.  This obviously would
 561 fail <a href="https://people.debian.org/~bap/dfsg-faq.html">the
 562 deserted island test of free software</a> as the Debian packages would
 563 be unusable for someone stranded with only the Debian archive and solar
 564 powered computer on a deserted island.</p>
 565
 566 <p>Because of this, I would love to include the models in the Debian
 567 mirror system.  This is problematic, as the models are very large
 568 files, which would put a heavy strain on the Debian mirror
 569 infrastructure around the globe.  The strain would be even higher if
 570 the models change often, which luckily as far as I can tell they do
 571 not.  The small model, which according to its creator is most useful
 572 for English and in my experience is not doing a great job there
 573 either, is 462 MiB (deb is 414 MiB).  The medium model, which to me
 574 seem to handle English speech fairly well is 1.5 GiB (deb is 1.3 GiB)
 575 and the large model is 2.9 GiB (deb is 2.6 GiB).  I would assume
 576 everyone with enough resources would prefer to use the large model for
 577 highest quality.  I believe the models themselves would have to go
 578 into the non-free part of the Debian archive, as they are not really
 579 including any useful source code for updating the models.  The
 580 "source", aka the model training set, according to the creators
 581 consist of "680,000 hours of multilingual and multitask supervised
 582 data collected from the web", which to me reads material with both
 583 unknown copyright terms, unavailable to the general public.  In other
 584 words, the source is not available according to the Debian Free
 585 Software Guidelines and the model should be considered non-free.</p>
 586
 587 <p>I asked the Debian FTP masters for advice regarding uploading a
 588 model package on their IRC channel, and based on the feedback there it
 589 is still unclear to me if such package would be accepted into the
 590 archive.  In any case I wrote build rules for a
 591 <a href="https://salsa.debian.org/deeplearning-team/openai-whisper-model">OpenAI
 592 Whisper model package</a> and
 593 <a href="https://github.com/openai/whisper/pull/1257">modified the
 594 Whisper code base</a> to prefer shared files under <tt>/usr/</tt> and
 595 <tt>/var/</tt> over user specific files in <tt>~/.cache/whisper/</tt>
 596 to be able to use these model packages, to prepare for such
 597 possibility.  One solution might be to include only one of the models
 598 (small or medium, I guess) in the Debian archive, and ask people to
 599 download the others from the Internet.  Not quite sure what to do
 600 here, and advice is most welcome (use the debian-ai mailing list).</p>
 601
 602 <p>To make it easier to test the new packages while I wait for them to
 603 clear the NEW queue, I created an APT source targeting bookworm.  I
 604 selected Bookworm instead of Bullseye, even though I know the latter
 605 would reach more users, is that some of the required dependencies are
 606 missing from Bullseye and I during this phase of testing did not want
 607 to backport a lot of packages just to get up and running.</p>
 608
 609 <p>Here is a recipe to run as user root if you want to test OpenAI
 610 Whisper using Debian packages on your Debian Bookworm installation,
 611 first adding the APT repository GPG key to the list of trusted keys,
 612 then setting up the APT repository and finally installing the packages
 613 and one of the models:</p>
 614
 615 <p><pre>
 616 curl https://geekbay.nuug.no/~pere/openai-whisper/D78F5C4796F353D211B119E28200D9B589641240.asc \
 617   -o /etc/apt/trusted.gpg.d/pere-whisper.asc
 618 mkdir -p /etc/apt/sources.list.d
 619 cat > /etc/apt/sources.list.d/pere-whisper.list &lt;&lt;EOF
 620 deb https://geekbay.nuug.no/~pere/openai-whisper/ bookworm main
 621 deb-src https://geekbay.nuug.no/~pere/openai-whisper/ bookworm main
 622 EOF
 623 apt update
 624 apt install openai-whisper
 625 </pre></p>
 626
 627 <p>The package work for me, but have not yet been tested on any other
 628 computer than my own.  With it, I have been able to (badly) transcribe
 629 a 2 minute 40 second Norwegian audio clip to test using the small
 630 model.  This took 11 minutes and around 2.2 GiB of RAM.  Transcribing
 631 the same file with the medium model gave a accurate text in 77 minutes
 632 using around 5.2 GiB of RAM.  My test machine had too little memory to
 633 test the large model, which I believe require 11 GiB of RAM.  In
 634 short, this now work for me using Debian packages, and I hope it will
 635 for you and everyone else once the packages enter Debian.</p>
 636
 637 <p>Now I can start on the audio recording part of this project.</p>
 638
 639 <p>As usual, if you use Bitcoin and want to show your support of my
 640 activities, please send Bitcoin donations to my address
 641 <b><a href="bitcoin:15oWEoG9dUPovwmUL9KWAnYRtNJEkP1u1b">15oWEoG9dUPovwmUL9KWAnYRtNJEkP1u1b</a></b>.</p>
 642 </div>
 643       <div class="tags">
 644
 645
 646         Tags: <a href="https://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/tags/debian">debian</a>, <a href="https://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/tags/english">english</a>, <a href="https://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/tags/multimedia">multimedia</a>, <a href="https://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/tags/video">video</a>.
 647
 648
 649       </div>
 650     </div>
 651     <div class="padding"></div>
 652
 653     <div class="entry">
 654       <div class="title"><a href="https://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/rtlsdr_scanner__software_defined_radio_frequency_scanner_for_Linux____nice_free_software.html">rtlsdr-scanner, software defined radio frequency scanner for Linux  - nice free software</a></div>
 655       <div class="date"> 7th April 2023</div>
 656       <div class="body"><p>Today I finally found time to track down a useful radio frequency
 657 scanner for my software defined radio.  Just for fun I tried to locate
 658 the radios used in the areas, and a good start would be to scan all
 659 the frequencies to see what is in use.  I've tried to find a useful
 660 program earlier, but ran out of time before I managed to find a useful
 661 tool.  This time I was more successful, and after a few false leads I
 662 found a description of
 663 <a href="https://www.kali.org/tools/rtlsdr-scanner/">rtlsdr-scanner
 664 over at the Kali site</a>, and was able to track down
 665 <a href="https://gitlab.com/kalilinux/packages/rtlsdr-scanner.git">the
 666 Kali package git repository</a> to build a deb package for the
 667 scanner.  Sadly the package is missing from the Debian project itself,
 668 at least in Debian Bullseye.  Two runtime dependencies,
 669 <a href="https://gitlab.com/kalilinux/packages/python-visvis.git">python-visvis</a>
 670 and
 671 <a href="https://gitlab.com/kalilinux/packages/python-rtlsdr.git">python-rtlsdr</a>
 672 had to be built and installed separately.  Luckily '<tt>gbp
 673 buildpackage</tt>' handled them just fine and no further packages had
 674 to be manually built.  The end result worked out of the box after
 675 installation.</p>
 676
 677 <p>My initial scans for FM channels worked just fine, so I knew the
 678 scanner was functioning.  But when I tried to scan every frequency
 679 from 100 to 1000 MHz, the program stopped unexpectedly near the
 680 completion.  After some debugging I discovered USB software radio I
 681 used rejected frequencies above 948 MHz, triggering a unreported
 682 exception breaking the scan.  Changing the scan to end at 957 worked
 683 better.  I similarly found the lower limit to be around 15, and ended
 684 up with the following full scan:</p>
 685
 686 <p><a href="https://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/images/2023-04-07-radio-freq-scanning.png"><img src="https://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/images/2023-04-07-radio-freq-scanning.png" width="100%"></a></p>
 687
 688 <p>Saving the scan did not work, but exporting it as a CSV file worked
 689 just fine.  I ended up with around 477k CVS lines with dB level for
 690 the given frequency.</p>
 691
 692 <p>The save failure seem to be a missing UTF-8 encoding issue in the
 693 python code.  Will see if I can find time to send a patch
 694 <a href="https://github.com/CdeMills/RTLSDR-Scanner/">upstream</a>
 695 later to fix this exception:</p>
 696
 697 <pre>
 698 Traceback (most recent call last):
 699   File "/usr/lib/python3/dist-packages/rtlsdr_scanner/main_window.py", line 485, in __on_save
 700     save_plot(fullName, self.scanInfo, self.spectrum, self.locations)
 701   File "/usr/lib/python3/dist-packages/rtlsdr_scanner/file.py", line 408, in save_plot
 702     handle.write(json.dumps(data, indent=4))
 703 TypeError: a bytes-like object is required, not 'str'
 704 Traceback (most recent call last):
 705   File "/usr/lib/python3/dist-packages/rtlsdr_scanner/main_window.py", line 485, in __on_save
 706     save_plot(fullName, self.scanInfo, self.spectrum, self.locations)
 707   File "/usr/lib/python3/dist-packages/rtlsdr_scanner/file.py", line 408, in save_plot
 708     handle.write(json.dumps(data, indent=4))
 709 TypeError: a bytes-like object is required, not 'str'
 710 </pre>
 711
 712 <p>As usual, if you use Bitcoin and want to show your support of my
 713 activities, please send Bitcoin donations to my address
 714 <b><a href="bitcoin:15oWEoG9dUPovwmUL9KWAnYRtNJEkP1u1b">15oWEoG9dUPovwmUL9KWAnYRtNJEkP1u1b</a></b>.</p>
 715 </div>
 716       <div class="tags">
 717
 718
 719         Tags: <a href="https://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/tags/debian">debian</a>, <a href="https://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/tags/english">english</a>, <a href="https://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/tags/nice free software">nice free software</a>.
 720
 721
 722       </div>
 723     </div>
 724     <div class="padding"></div>
 725
 726     <p style="text-align: right;"><a href="index.rss"><img src="https://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/xml.gif" alt="RSS feed" width="36" height="14" /></a></p>
 727     <div id="sidebar">
 728
 729
 730
 731 <h2>Archive</h2>
 732 <ul>
 733
 734 <li>2023
 735 <ul>
 736
 737 <li><a href="https://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/archive/2023/01/">January (3)</a></li>
 738
 739 <li><a href="https://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/archive/2023/02/">February (1)</a></li>
 740
 741 <li><a href="https://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/archive/2023/04/">April (2)</a></li>
 742
 743 <li><a href="https://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/archive/2023/05/">May (3)</a></li>
 744
 745 <li><a href="https://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/archive/2023/06/">June (1)</a></li>
 746
 747 <li><a href="https://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/archive/2023/08/">August (1)</a></li>
 748
 749 <li><a href="https://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/archive/2023/09/">September (1)</a></li>
 750
 751 <li><a href="https://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/archive/2023/10/">October (1)</a></li>
 752
 753 <li><a href="https://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/archive/2023/11/">November (1)</a></li>
 754
 755 </ul></li>
 756
 757 <li>2022
 758 <ul>
 759
 760 <li><a href="https://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/archive/2022/02/">February (1)</a></li>
 761
 762 <li><a href="https://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/archive/2022/03/">March (3)</a></li>
 763
 764 <li><a href="https://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/archive/2022/04/">April (2)</a></li>
 765
 766 <li><a href="https://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/archive/2022/06/">June (2)</a></li>
 767
 768 <li><a href="https://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/archive/2022/07/">July (1)</a></li>
 769
 770 <li><a href="https://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/archive/2022/09/">September (1)</a></li>
 771
 772 <li><a href="https://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/archive/2022/10/">October (1)</a></li>
 773
 774 <li><a href="https://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/archive/2022/12/">December (1)</a></li>
 775
 776 </ul></li>
 777
 778 <li>2021
 779 <ul>
 780
 781 <li><a href="https://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/archive/2021/01/">January (2)</a></li>
 782
 783 <li><a href="https://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/archive/2021/02/">February (1)</a></li>
 784
 785 <li><a href="https://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/archive/2021/05/">May (1)</a></li>
 786
 787 <li><a href="https://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/archive/2021/06/">June (1)</a></li>
 788
 789 <li><a href="https://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/archive/2021/07/">July (3)</a></li>
 790
 791 <li><a href="https://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/archive/2021/08/">August (1)</a></li>
 792
 793 <li><a href="https://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/archive/2021/09/">September (1)</a></li>
 794
 795 <li><a href="https://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/archive/2021/10/">October (1)</a></li>
 796
 797 <li><a href="https://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/archive/2021/12/">December (1)</a></li>
 798
 799 </ul></li>
 800
 801 <li>2020
 802 <ul>
 803
 804 <li><a href="https://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/archive/2020/02/">February (2)</a></li>
 805
 806 <li><a href="https://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/archive/2020/03/">March (2)</a></li>
 807
 808 <li><a href="https://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/archive/2020/04/">April (2)</a></li>
 809
 810 <li><a href="https://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/archive/2020/05/">May (3)</a></li>
 811
 812 <li><a href="https://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/archive/2020/06/">June (2)</a></li>
 813
 814 <li><a href="https://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/archive/2020/07/">July (1)</a></li>
 815
 816 <li><a href="https://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/archive/2020/09/">September (1)</a></li>
 817
 818 <li><a href="https://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/archive/2020/10/">October (1)</a></li>
 819
 820 <li><a href="https://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/archive/2020/11/">November (1)</a></li>
 821
 822 </ul></li>
 823
 824 <li>2019
 825 <ul>
 826
 827 <li><a href="https://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/archive/2019/01/">January (4)</a></li>
 828
 829 <li><a href="https://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/archive/2019/02/">February (3)</a></li>
 830
 831 <li><a href="https://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/archive/2019/03/">March (3)</a></li>
 832
 833 <li><a href="https://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/archive/2019/05/">May (2)</a></li>
 834
 835 <li><a href="https://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/archive/2019/06/">June (5)</a></li>
 836
 837 <li><a href="https://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/archive/2019/07/">July (2)</a></li>
 838
 839 <li><a href="https://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/archive/2019/08/">August (1)</a></li>
 840
 841 <li><a href="https://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/archive/2019/09/">September (1)</a></li>
 842
 843 <li><a href="https://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/archive/2019/11/">November (1)</a></li>
 844
 845 <li><a href="https://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/archive/2019/12/">December (4)</a></li>
 846
 847 </ul></li>
 848
 849 <li>2018
 850 <ul>
 851
 852 <li><a href="https://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/archive/2018/01/">January (1)</a></li>
 853
 854 <li><a href="https://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/archive/2018/02/">February (5)</a></li>
 855
 856 <li><a href="https://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/archive/2018/03/">March (5)</a></li>
 857
 858 <li><a href="https://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/archive/2018/04/">April (3)</a></li>
 859
 860 <li><a href="https://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/archive/2018/06/">June (2)</a></li>
 861
 862 <li><a href="https://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/archive/2018/07/">July (5)</a></li>
 863
 864 <li><a href="https://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/archive/2018/08/">August (3)</a></li>
 865
 866 <li><a href="https://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/archive/2018/09/">September (3)</a></li>
 867
 868 <li><a href="https://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/archive/2018/10/">October (5)</a></li>
 869
 870 <li><a href="https://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/archive/2018/11/">November (2)</a></li>
 871
 872 <li><a href="https://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/archive/2018/12/">December (4)</a></li>
 873
 874 </ul></li>
 875
 876 <li>2017
 877 <ul>
 878
 879 <li><a href="https://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/archive/2017/01/">January (4)</a></li>
 880
 881 <li><a href="https://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/archive/2017/02/">February (3)</a></li>
 882
 883 <li><a href="https://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/archive/2017/03/">March (5)</a></li>
 884
 885 <li><a href="https://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/archive/2017/04/">April (2)</a></li>
 886
 887 <li><a href="https://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/archive/2017/06/">June (5)</a></li>
 888
 889 <li><a href="https://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/archive/2017/07/">July (1)</a></li>
 890
 891 <li><a href="https://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/archive/2017/08/">August (1)</a></li>
 892
 893 <li><a href="https://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/archive/2017/09/">September (3)</a></li>
 894
 895 <li><a href="https://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/archive/2017/10/">October (5)</a></li>
 896
 897 <li><a href="https://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/archive/2017/11/">November (3)</a></li>
 898
 899 <li><a href="https://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/archive/2017/12/">December (4)</a></li>
 900
 901 </ul></li>
 902
 903 <li>2016
 904 <ul>
 905
 906 <li><a href="https://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/archive/2016/01/">January (3)</a></li>
 907
 908 <li><a href="https://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/archive/2016/02/">February (2)</a></li>
 909
 910 <li><a href="https://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/archive/2016/03/">March (3)</a></li>
 911
 912 <li><a href="https://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/archive/2016/04/">April (8)</a></li>
 913
 914 <li><a href="https://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/archive/2016/05/">May (8)</a></li>
 915
 916 <li><a href="https://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/archive/2016/06/">June (2)</a></li>
 917
 918 <li><a href="https://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/archive/2016/07/">July (2)</a></li>
 919
 920 <li><a href="https://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/archive/2016/08/">August (5)</a></li>
 921
 922 <li><a href="https://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/archive/2016/09/">September (2)</a></li>
 923
 924 <li><a href="https://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/archive/2016/10/">October (3)</a></li>
 925
 926 <li><a href="https://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/archive/2016/11/">November (8)</a></li>
 927
 928 <li><a href="https://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/archive/2016/12/">December (5)</a></li>
 929
 930 </ul></li>
 931
 932 <li>2015
 933 <ul>
 934
 935 <li><a href="https://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/archive/2015/01/">January (7)</a></li>
 936
 937 <li><a href="https://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/archive/2015/02/">February (6)</a></li>
 938
 939 <li><a href="https://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/archive/2015/03/">March (1)</a></li>
 940
 941 <li><a href="https://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/archive/2015/04/">April (4)</a></li>
 942
 943 <li><a href="https://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/archive/2015/05/">May (3)</a></li>
 944
 945 <li><a href="https://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/archive/2015/06/">June (4)</a></li>
 946
 947 <li><a href="https://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/archive/2015/07/">July (6)</a></li>
 948
 949 <li><a href="https://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/archive/2015/08/">August (2)</a></li>
 950
 951 <li><a href="https://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/archive/2015/09/">September (2)</a></li>
 952
 953 <li><a href="https://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/archive/2015/10/">October (9)</a></li>
 954
 955 <li><a href="https://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/archive/2015/11/">November (6)</a></li>
 956
 957 <li><a href="https://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/archive/2015/12/">December (3)</a></li>
 958
 959 </ul></li>
 960
 961 <li>2014
 962 <ul>
 963
 964 <li><a href="https://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/archive/2014/01/">January (2)</a></li>
 965
 966 <li><a href="https://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/archive/2014/02/">February (3)</a></li>
 967
 968 <li><a href="https://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/archive/2014/03/">March (8)</a></li>
 969
 970 <li><a href="https://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/archive/2014/04/">April (7)</a></li>
 971
 972 <li><a href="https://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/archive/2014/05/">May (1)</a></li>
 973
 974 <li><a href="https://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/archive/2014/06/">June (2)</a></li>
 975
 976 <li><a href="https://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/archive/2014/07/">July (2)</a></li>
 977
 978 <li><a href="https://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/archive/2014/08/">August (2)</a></li>
 979
 980 <li><a href="https://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/archive/2014/09/">September (5)</a></li>
 981
 982 <li><a href="https://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/archive/2014/10/">October (6)</a></li>
 983
 984 <li><a href="https://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/archive/2014/11/">November (3)</a></li>
 985
 986 <li><a href="https://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/archive/2014/12/">December (5)</a></li>
 987
 988 </ul></li>
 989
 990 <li>2013
 991 <ul>
 992
 993 <li><a href="https://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/archive/2013/01/">January (11)</a></li>
 994
 995 <li><a href="https://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/archive/2013/02/">February (9)</a></li>
 996
 997 <li><a href="https://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/archive/2013/03/">March (9)</a></li>
 998
 999 <li><a href="https://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/archive/2013/04/">April (6)</a></li>
1000
1001 <li><a href="https://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/archive/2013/05/">May (9)</a></li>
1002
1003 <li><a href="https://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/archive/2013/06/">June (10)</a></li>
1004
1005 <li><a href="https://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/archive/2013/07/">July (7)</a></li>
1006
1007 <li><a href="https://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/archive/2013/08/">August (3)</a></li>
1008
1009 <li><a href="https://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/archive/2013/09/">September (5)</a></li>
1010
1011 <li><a href="https://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/archive/2013/10/">October (7)</a></li>
1012
1013 <li><a href="https://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/archive/2013/11/">November (9)</a></li>
1014
1015 <li><a href="https://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/archive/2013/12/">December (3)</a></li>
1016
1017 </ul></li>
1018
1019 <li>2012
1020 <ul>
1021
1022 <li><a href="https://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/archive/2012/01/">January (7)</a></li>
1023
1024 <li><a href="https://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/archive/2012/02/">February (10)</a></li>
1025
1026 <li><a href="https://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/archive/2012/03/">March (17)</a></li>
1027
1028 <li><a href="https://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/archive/2012/04/">April (12)</a></li>
1029
1030 <li><a href="https://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/archive/2012/05/">May (12)</a></li>
1031
1032 <li><a href="https://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/archive/2012/06/">June (20)</a></li>
1033
1034 <li><a href="https://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/archive/2012/07/">July (17)</a></li>
1035
1036 <li><a href="https://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/archive/2012/08/">August (6)</a></li>
1037
1038 <li><a href="https://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/archive/2012/09/">September (9)</a></li>
1039
1040 <li><a href="https://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/archive/2012/10/">October (17)</a></li>
1041
1042 <li><a href="https://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/archive/2012/11/">November (10)</a></li>
1043
1044 <li><a href="https://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/archive/2012/12/">December (7)</a></li>
1045
1046 </ul></li>
1047
1048 <li>2011
1049 <ul>
1050
1051 <li><a href="https://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/archive/2011/01/">January (16)</a></li>
1052
1053 <li><a href="https://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/archive/2011/02/">February (6)</a></li>
1054
1055 <li><a href="https://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/archive/2011/03/">March (6)</a></li>
1056
1057 <li><a href="https://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/archive/2011/04/">April (7)</a></li>
1058
1059 <li><a href="https://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/archive/2011/05/">May (3)</a></li>
1060
1061 <li><a href="https://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/archive/2011/06/">June (2)</a></li>
1062
1063 <li><a href="https://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/archive/2011/07/">July (7)</a></li>
1064
1065 <li><a href="https://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/archive/2011/08/">August (6)</a></li>
1066
1067 <li><a href="https://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/archive/2011/09/">September (4)</a></li>
1068
1069 <li><a href="https://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/archive/2011/10/">October (2)</a></li>
1070
1071 <li><a href="https://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/archive/2011/11/">November (3)</a></li>
1072
1073 <li><a href="https://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/archive/2011/12/">December (1)</a></li>
1074
1075 </ul></li>
1076
1077 <li>2010
1078 <ul>
1079
1080 <li><a href="https://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/archive/2010/01/">January (2)</a></li>
1081
1082 <li><a href="https://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/archive/2010/02/">February (1)</a></li>
1083
1084 <li><a href="https://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/archive/2010/03/">March (3)</a></li>
1085
1086 <li><a href="https://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/archive/2010/04/">April (3)</a></li>
1087
1088 <li><a href="https://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/archive/2010/05/">May (9)</a></li>
1089
1090 <li><a href="https://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/archive/2010/06/">June (14)</a></li>
1091
1092 <li><a href="https://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/archive/2010/07/">July (12)</a></li>
1093
1094 <li><a href="https://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/archive/2010/08/">August (13)</a></li>
1095
1096 <li><a href="https://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/archive/2010/09/">September (7)</a></li>
1097
1098 <li><a href="https://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/archive/2010/10/">October (9)</a></li>
1099
1100 <li><a href="https://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/archive/2010/11/">November (13)</a></li>
1101
1102 <li><a href="https://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/archive/2010/12/">December (12)</a></li>
1103
1104 </ul></li>
1105
1106 <li>2009
1107 <ul>
1108
1109 <li><a href="https://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/archive/2009/01/">January (8)</a></li>
1110
1111 <li><a href="https://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/archive/2009/02/">February (8)</a></li>
1112
1113 <li><a href="https://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/archive/2009/03/">March (12)</a></li>
1114
1115 <li><a href="https://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/archive/2009/04/">April (10)</a></li>
1116
1117 <li><a href="https://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/archive/2009/05/">May (9)</a></li>
1118
1119 <li><a href="https://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/archive/2009/06/">June (3)</a></li>
1120
1121 <li><a href="https://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/archive/2009/07/">July (4)</a></li>
1122
1123 <li><a href="https://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/archive/2009/08/">August (3)</a></li>
1124
1125 <li><a href="https://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/archive/2009/09/">September (1)</a></li>
1126
1127 <li><a href="https://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/archive/2009/10/">October (2)</a></li>
1128
1129 <li><a href="https://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/archive/2009/11/">November (3)</a></li>
1130
1131 <li><a href="https://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/archive/2009/12/">December (3)</a></li>
1132
1133 </ul></li>
1134
1135 <li>2008
1136 <ul>
1137
1138 <li><a href="https://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/archive/2008/11/">November (5)</a></li>
1139
1140 <li><a href="https://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/archive/2008/12/">December (7)</a></li>
1141
1142 </ul></li>
1143
1144 </ul>
1145
1146
1147
1148 <h2>Tags</h2>
1149 <ul>
1150
1151  <li><a href="https://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/tags/3d-printer">3d-printer (19)</a></li>
1152
1153  <li><a href="https://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/tags/amiga">amiga (1)</a></li>
1154
1155  <li><a href="https://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/tags/aros">aros (1)</a></li>
1156
1157  <li><a href="https://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/tags/bankid">bankid (4)</a></li>
1158
1159  <li><a href="https://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/tags/betalkontant">betalkontant (9)</a></li>
1160
1161  <li><a href="https://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/tags/bitcoin">bitcoin (12)</a></li>
1162
1163  <li><a href="https://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/tags/bootsystem">bootsystem (17)</a></li>
1164
1165  <li><a href="https://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/tags/bsa">bsa (2)</a></li>
1166
1167  <li><a href="https://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/tags/chrpath">chrpath (2)</a></li>
1168
1169  <li><a href="https://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/tags/debian">debian (195)</a></li>
1170
1171  <li><a href="https://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/tags/debian edu">debian edu (159)</a></li>
1172
1173  <li><a href="https://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/tags/debian-handbook">debian-handbook (9)</a></li>
1174
1175  <li><a href="https://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/tags/digistan">digistan (11)</a></li>
1176
1177  <li><a href="https://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/tags/dld">dld (18)</a></li>
1178
1179  <li><a href="https://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/tags/docbook">docbook (32)</a></li>
1180
1181  <li><a href="https://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/tags/drivstoffpriser">drivstoffpriser (4)</a></li>
1182
1183  <li><a href="https://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/tags/english">english (452)</a></li>
1184
1185  <li><a href="https://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/tags/fiksgatami">fiksgatami (23)</a></li>
1186
1187  <li><a href="https://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/tags/fildeling">fildeling (14)</a></li>
1188
1189  <li><a href="https://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/tags/freeculture">freeculture (34)</a></li>
1190
1191  <li><a href="https://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/tags/freedombox">freedombox (9)</a></li>
1192
1193  <li><a href="https://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/tags/frikanalen">frikanalen (20)</a></li>
1194
1195  <li><a href="https://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/tags/h264">h264 (20)</a></li>
1196
1197  <li><a href="https://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/tags/intervju">intervju (43)</a></li>
1198
1199  <li><a href="https://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/tags/isenkram">isenkram (16)</a></li>
1200
1201  <li><a href="https://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/tags/kart">kart (23)</a></li>
1202
1203  <li><a href="https://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/tags/kodi">kodi (6)</a></li>
1204
1205  <li><a href="https://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/tags/ldap">ldap (9)</a></li>
1206
1207  <li><a href="https://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/tags/lego">lego (5)</a></li>
1208
1209  <li><a href="https://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/tags/lenker">lenker (8)</a></li>
1210
1211  <li><a href="https://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/tags/linuxcnc">linuxcnc (5)</a></li>
1212
1213  <li><a href="https://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/tags/lsdvd">lsdvd (2)</a></li>
1214
1215  <li><a href="https://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/tags/ltsp">ltsp (1)</a></li>
1216
1217  <li><a href="https://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/tags/madewithcc">madewithcc (3)</a></li>
1218
1219  <li><a href="https://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/tags/mesh network">mesh network (8)</a></li>
1220
1221  <li><a href="https://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/tags/multimedia">multimedia (46)</a></li>
1222
1223  <li><a href="https://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/tags/nice free software">nice free software (15)</a></li>
1224
1225  <li><a href="https://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/tags/noark5">noark5 (23)</a></li>
1226
1227  <li><a href="https://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/tags/norsk">norsk (322)</a></li>
1228
1229  <li><a href="https://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/tags/nuug">nuug (198)</a></li>
1230
1231  <li><a href="https://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/tags/offentlig innsyn">offentlig innsyn (40)</a></li>
1232
1233  <li><a href="https://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/tags/open311">open311 (2)</a></li>
1234
1235  <li><a href="https://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/tags/opensnitch">opensnitch (4)</a></li>
1236
1237  <li><a href="https://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/tags/opphavsrett">opphavsrett (75)</a></li>
1238
1239  <li><a href="https://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/tags/personvern">personvern (114)</a></li>
1240
1241  <li><a href="https://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/tags/raid">raid (2)</a></li>
1242
1243  <li><a href="https://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/tags/reactos">reactos (1)</a></li>
1244
1245  <li><a href="https://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/tags/reprap">reprap (11)</a></li>
1246
1247  <li><a href="https://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/tags/rfid">rfid (3)</a></li>
1248
1249  <li><a href="https://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/tags/robot">robot (17)</a></li>
1250
1251  <li><a href="https://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/tags/rss">rss (1)</a></li>
1252
1253  <li><a href="https://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/tags/ruter">ruter (7)</a></li>
1254
1255  <li><a href="https://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/tags/scraperwiki">scraperwiki (2)</a></li>
1256
1257  <li><a href="https://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/tags/sikkerhet">sikkerhet (59)</a></li>
1258
1259  <li><a href="https://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/tags/sitesummary">sitesummary (4)</a></li>
1260
1261  <li><a href="https://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/tags/skepsis">skepsis (5)</a></li>
1262
1263  <li><a href="https://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/tags/standard">standard (74)</a></li>
1264
1265  <li><a href="https://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/tags/stavekontroll">stavekontroll (7)</a></li>
1266
1267  <li><a href="https://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/tags/stortinget">stortinget (14)</a></li>
1268
1269  <li><a href="https://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/tags/surveillance">surveillance (64)</a></li>
1270
1271  <li><a href="https://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/tags/sysadmin">sysadmin (5)</a></li>
1272
1273  <li><a href="https://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/tags/usenix">usenix (2)</a></li>
1274
1275  <li><a href="https://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/tags/valg">valg (9)</a></li>
1276
1277  <li><a href="https://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/tags/verkidetfri">verkidetfri (20)</a></li>
1278
1279  <li><a href="https://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/tags/video">video (79)</a></li>
1280
1281  <li><a href="https://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/tags/vitenskap">vitenskap (4)</a></li>
1282
1283  <li><a href="https://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/tags/web">web (42)</a></li>
1284
1285 </ul>
1286
1287
1288     </div>
1289     <p style="text-align: right">
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