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  13  <h1>
  14      <a href="http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/">Petter Reinholdtsen</a>
  15
  16  </h1>
  17
  18 </div>
  19
  20
  21
  22     <div class="entry">
  23       <div class="title"><a href="http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/First_Jessie_based_Debian_Edu_released__alpha0_.html">First Jessie based Debian Edu released (alpha0)</a></div>
  24       <div class="date">27th October 2014</div>
  25       <div class="body"><p>I am happy to report that I on behalf of the Debian Edu team just
  26 sent out
  27 <a href="https://lists.debian.org/debian-edu-announce/2014/10/msg00000.html">this
  28 announcement</a>:</p>
  29
  30 <pre>
  31 The Debian Edu Team is pleased to announce the release of Debian Edu
  32 Jessie 8.0+edu0~alpha0
  33
  34 Debian Edu is a complete operating system for schools. Through its
  35 various installation profiles you can install servers, workstations
  36 and laptops which will work together on the school network. With
  37 Debian Edu, the teachers themselves or their technical support can
  38 roll out a complete multi-user multi-machine study environment within
  39 hours or a few days. Debian Edu comes with hundreds of applications
  40 pre-installed, but you can always add more packages from Debian.
  41
  42 For those who want to give Debian Edu Jessie a try, download and
  43 installation instructions are available, including detailed
  44 instructions in the manual[1] explaining the first steps, such as
  45 setting up a network or adding users. Please note that the password
  46 for the user your prompted for during installation must have a length
  47 of at least 5 characters!
  48
  49  [1] &lt;URL: <a href="https://wiki.debian.org/DebianEdu/Documentation/Jessie">https://wiki.debian.org/DebianEdu/Documentation/Jessie</a> &gt;
  50
  51 Would you like to give your school's computer a longer life? Are you
  52 tired of sneaker administration, running from computer to computer
  53 reinstalling the operating system? Would you like to administrate all
  54 the computers in your school using only a couple of hours every week?
  55 Check out Debian Edu Jessie!
  56
  57 Skolelinux is used by at least two hundred schools all over the world,
  58 mostly in Germany and Norway.
  59
  60 About Debian Edu and Skolelinux
  61 ===============================
  62
  63 Debian Edu, also known as Skolelinux[2], is a Linux distribution based
  64 on Debian providing an out-of-the box environment of a completely
  65 configured school network. Immediately after installation a school
  66 server running all services needed for a school network is set up just
  67 waiting for users and machines being added via GOsa², a comfortable
  68 Web-UI. A netbooting environment is prepared using PXE, so after
  69 initial installation of the main server from CD or USB stick all other
  70 machines can be installed via the network.  The provided school server
  71 provides LDAP database and Kerberos authentication service,
  72 centralized home directories, DHCP server, web proxy and many other
  73 services.  The desktop contains more than 60 educational software
  74 packages[3] and more are available from the Debian archive, and
  75 schools can choose between KDE, Gnome, LXDE, Xfce and MATE desktop
  76 environment.
  77
  78  [2] &lt;URL: <a href="http://www.skolelinux.org/">http://www.skolelinux.org/</a> &gt;
  79  [3] &lt;URL: <a href="http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/Educational_applications_included_in_Debian_Edu___Skolelinux__the_screenshot_collection____.html">http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/Educational_applications_included_in_Debian_Edu___Skolelinux__the_screenshot_collection____.html</a> &gt;
  80
  81 Full release notes and manual
  82 =============================
  83
  84 Below the download URLs there is a list of some of the new features
  85 and bugfixes of Debian Edu 8.0+edu0~alpha0 Codename Jessie. The full
  86 list is part of the manual. (See the feature list in the manual[4] for
  87 the English version.) For some languages manual translations are
  88 available, see the manual translation overview[5].
  89
  90  [4] &lt;URL: <a href="https://wiki.debian.org/DebianEdu/Documentation/Jessie/Features">https://wiki.debian.org/DebianEdu/Documentation/Jessie/Features</a> &gt;
  91  [5] &lt;URL: <a href="http://maintainer.skolelinux.org/debian-edu-doc/">http://maintainer.skolelinux.org/debian-edu-doc/</a> &gt;
  92
  93 Where to get it
  94 ---------------
  95
  96 To download the multiarch netinstall CD release (624 MiB) you can use
  97
  98  * <a href="ftp://ftp.skolelinux.org/skolelinux-cd/debian-edu-8.0+edu0~alpha0-CD.iso">ftp://ftp.skolelinux.org/skolelinux-cd/debian-edu-8.0+edu0~alpha0-CD.iso</a>
  99  * <a href="http://ftp.skolelinux.org/skolelinux-cd/debian-edu-8.0+edu0~alpha0-CD.iso">http://ftp.skolelinux.org/skolelinux-cd/debian-edu-8.0+edu0~alpha0-CD.iso</a>
 100  * rsync -avzP ftp.skolelinux.org::skolelinux-cd/debian-edu-8.0+edu0~alpha0-CD.iso .
 101
 102 The SHA1SUM of this image is: 361188818e036ce67280a572f757de82ebfeb095
 103
 104 New features for Debian Edu 8.0+edu0~alpha0 Codename Jessie released 2014-10-27
 105 ===============================================================================
 106
 107
 108 Installation changes
 109 --------------------
 110
 111  * PXE installation now installs firmware automatically for the hardware present.
 112
 113 Software updates
 114 ----------------
 115
 116 Everything which is new in Debian Jessie 8.0, eg:
 117
 118  * Linux kernel 3.16.x
 119  * Desktop environments KDE "Plasma" 4.11.12, GNOME 3.14, Xfce 4.10,
 120    LXDE 0.5.6 and MATE 1.8 (KDE "Plasma" is installed by default; to
 121    choose one of the others see manual.)
 122  * the browsers Iceweasel 31 ESR and Chromium 38
 123  * !LibreOffice 4.3.3
 124  * GOsa 2.7.4
 125  * LTSP 5.5.4
 126  * CUPS print system 1.7.5
 127  * new boot framework: systemd
 128  * Educational toolbox GCompris 14.07
 129  * Music creator Rosegarden 14.02
 130  * Image editor Gimp 2.8.14
 131  * Virtual stargazer Stellarium 0.13.0
 132  * golearn 0.9
 133  * tuxpaint 0.9.22
 134  * New version of debian-installer from Debian Jessie.
 135  * Debian Jessie includes about 42000 packages available for
 136    installation.
 137  * More information about Debian Jessie 8.0 is provided in the release
 138    notes[6] and the installation manual[7].
 139
 140  [6] &lt;URL: <a href="http://www.debian.org/releases/jessie/releasenotes">http://www.debian.org/releases/jessie/releasenotes</a> &gt;
 141  [7] &lt;URL: <a href="http://www.debian.org/releases/jessie/installmanual">http://www.debian.org/releases/jessie/installmanual</a> &gt;
 142
 143 Fixed bugs
 144 ----------
 145
 146  * Inserting incorrect DNS information in Gosa will no longer break
 147    DNS completely, but instead stop DNS updates until the incorrect
 148    information is corrected (Debian bug #710362)
 149  * and many others.
 150
 151 Documentation and translation updates
 152 -------------------------------------
 153
 154  * The Debian Edu Jessie Manual is fully translated to German, French,
 155    Italian, Danish and Dutch. Partly translated versions exist for
 156    Norwegian Bokmal and Spanish.
 157
 158 Other changes
 159 -------------
 160
 161  * Due to new Squid settings, powering off or rebooting the main
 162    server takes more time.
 163  * To manage printers localhost:631 has to be used, currently www:631
 164    doesn't work.
 165
 166 Regressions / known problems
 167 ----------------------------
 168
 169  * Installing LTSP chroot fails with a bug related to eatmydata about
 170    exim4-config failing to run its postinst (see Debian bug #765694
 171    and Debian bug #762103).
 172  * Munin collection is not properly configured on clients (Debian bug
 173    #764594).  The fix is available in a newer version of munin-node.
 174  * PXE setup for Main Server and Thin Client Server setup does not
 175    work when installing on a machine without direct Internet access.
 176    Will be fixed when Debian bug #766960 is fixed in Jessie.
 177
 178 See the status page[8] for the complete list.
 179
 180  [8] &lt;URL: <a href="https://wiki.debian.org/DebianEdu/Status/Jessie">https://wiki.debian.org/DebianEdu/Status/Jessie</a> &gt;
 181
 182 How to report bugs
 183 ------------------
 184
 185 &lt;URL: <a href="http://wiki.debian.org/DebianEdu/HowTo/ReportBugs">http://wiki.debian.org/DebianEdu/HowTo/ReportBugs</a> &gt;
 186
 187 About Debian
 188 ============
 189
 190 The Debian Project was founded in 1993 by Ian Murdock to be a truly
 191 free community project. Since then the project has grown to be one of
 192 the largest and most influential open source projects. Thousands of
 193 volunteers from all over the world work together to create and
 194 maintain Debian software. Available in 70 languages, and supporting a
 195 huge range of computer types, Debian calls itself the universal
 196 operating system.
 197
 198 Contact Information
 199 For further information, please visit the Debian web pages[9] or send
 200 mail to press@debian.org.
 201
 202  [9] &lt;URL: <a href="http://www.debian.org/">http://www.debian.org/</a> &gt;
 203 </pre>
 204 </div>
 205       <div class="tags">
 206
 207
 208         Tags: <a href="http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/tags/debian edu">debian edu</a>, <a href="http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/tags/english">english</a>.
 209
 210
 211       </div>
 212     </div>
 213     <div class="padding"></div>
 214
 215     <div class="entry">
 216       <div class="title"><a href="http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/I_spent_last_weekend_recording_MakerCon_Nordic.html">I spent last weekend recording MakerCon Nordic</a></div>
 217       <div class="date">23rd October 2014</div>
 218       <div class="body"><p>I spent last weekend at <a href="http://www.makercon.no/">Makercon
 219 Nordic</a>, a great conference and workshop for makers in Norway and
 220 the surrounding countries.  I had volunteered on behalf of the
 221 Norwegian Unix Users Group (NUUG) to video record the talks, and we
 222 had a great and exhausting time recording the entire day, two days in
 223 a row.  There were only two of us, Hans-Petter and me, and we used the
 224 regular video equipment for NUUG, with a
 225 <a href="http://dvswitch.alioth.debian.org/wiki/">dvswitch</a>, a
 226 camera and a VGA to DV convert box, and mixed video and slides
 227 live.</p>
 228
 229 <p>Hans-Petter did the post-processing, consisting of uploading the
 230 around 180 GiB of raw video to Youtube, and the result is
 231 <a href="https://www.youtube.com/user/MakerConNordic/">now becoming
 232 public</a> on the MakerConNordic account.  The videos have the license
 233 NUUG always use on our recordings, which is
 234 <a href="http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-sa/3.0/no/">Creative
 235 Commons Navngivelse-Del på samme vilkår 3.0 Norge</a>.  Many great
 236 talks available.  Check it out! :)</p>
 237 </div>
 238       <div class="tags">
 239
 240
 241         Tags: <a href="http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/tags/english">english</a>, <a href="http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/tags/nuug">nuug</a>, <a href="http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/tags/video">video</a>.
 242
 243
 244       </div>
 245     </div>
 246     <div class="padding"></div>
 247
 248     <div class="entry">
 249       <div class="title"><a href="http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/listadmin__the_quick_way_to_moderate_mailman_lists___nice_free_software.html">listadmin, the quick way to moderate mailman lists - nice free software</a></div>
 250       <div class="date">22nd October 2014</div>
 251       <div class="body"><p>If you ever had to moderate a mailman list, like the ones on
 252 alioth.debian.org, you know the web interface is fairly slow to
 253 operate.  First you visit one web page, enter the moderation password
 254 and get a new page shown with a list of all the messages to moderate
 255 and various options for each email address.  This take a while for
 256 every list you moderate, and you need to do it regularly to do a good
 257 job as a list moderator.  But there is a quick alternative,
 258 <a href="http://heim.ifi.uio.no/kjetilho/hacks/#listadmin">the
 259 listadmin program</a>.  It allow you to check lists for new messages
 260 to moderate in a fraction of a second.  Here is a test run on two
 261 lists I recently took over:</p>
 262
 263 <p><blockquote><pre>
 264 % time listadmin xiph
 265 fetching data for pkg-xiph-commits@lists.alioth.debian.org ... nothing in queue
 266 fetching data for pkg-xiph-maint@lists.alioth.debian.org ... nothing in queue
 267
 268 real    0m1.709s
 269 user    0m0.232s
 270 sys     0m0.012s
 271 %
 272 </pre></blockquote></p>
 273
 274 <p>In 1.7 seconds I had checked two mailing lists and confirmed that
 275 there are no message in the moderation queue.  Every morning I
 276 currently moderate 68 mailman lists, and it normally take around two
 277 minutes.  When I took over the two pkg-xiph lists above a few days
 278 ago, there were 400 emails waiting in the moderator queue.  It took me
 279 less than 15 minutes to process them all using the listadmin
 280 program.</p>
 281
 282 <p>If you install
 283 <a href="https://tracker.debian.org/pkg/listadmin">the listadmin
 284 package</a> from Debian and create a file <tt>~/.listadmin.ini</tt>
 285 with content like this, the moderation task is a breeze:</p>
 286
 287 <p><blockquote><pre>
 288 username username@example.org
 289 spamlevel 23
 290 default discard
 291 discard_if_reason "Posting restricted to members only. Remove us from your mail list."
 292
 293 password secret
 294 adminurl https://{domain}/mailman/admindb/{list}
 295 mailman-list@lists.example.com
 296
 297 password hidden
 298 other-list@otherserver.example.org
 299 </pre></blockquote></p>
 300
 301 <p>There are other options to set as well.  Check the manual page to
 302 learn the details.</p>
 303
 304 <p>If you are forced to moderate lists on a mailman installation where
 305 the SSL certificate is self signed or not properly signed by a
 306 generally accepted signing authority, you can set a environment
 307 variable when calling listadmin to disable SSL verification:</p>
 308
 309 <p><blockquote><pre>
 310 PERL_LWP_SSL_VERIFY_HOSTNAME=0 listadmin
 311 </pre></blockquote></p>
 312
 313 <p>If you want to moderate a subset of the lists you take care of, you
 314 can provide an argument to the listadmin script like I do in the
 315 initial screen dump (the xiph argument).  Using an argument, only
 316 lists matching the argument string will be processed.  This make it
 317 quick to accept messages if you notice the moderation request in your
 318 email.</p>
 319
 320 <p>Without the listadmin program, I would never be the moderator of 68
 321 mailing lists, as I simply do not have time to spend on that if the
 322 process was any slower. The listadmin program have saved me hours of
 323 time I could spend elsewhere over the years.  It truly is nice free
 324 software.</p>
 325
 326 <p>As usual, if you use Bitcoin and want to show your support of my
 327 activities, please send Bitcoin donations to my address
 328 <b><a href="bitcoin:15oWEoG9dUPovwmUL9KWAnYRtNJEkP1u1b&label=PetterReinholdtsenBlog">15oWEoG9dUPovwmUL9KWAnYRtNJEkP1u1b</a></b>.</p>
 329
 330 <p>Update 2014-10-27: Added missing 'username' statement in
 331 configuration example.  Also, I've been told that the
 332 PERL_LWP_SSL_VERIFY_HOSTNAME=0 setting do not work for everyone.  Not
 333 sure why.</p>
 334 </div>
 335       <div class="tags">
 336
 337
 338         Tags: <a href="http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/tags/debian">debian</a>, <a href="http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/tags/english">english</a>.
 339
 340
 341       </div>
 342     </div>
 343     <div class="padding"></div>
 344
 345     <div class="entry">
 346       <div class="title"><a href="http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/Debian_Jessie__PXE_and_automatic_firmware_installation.html">Debian Jessie, PXE and automatic firmware installation</a></div>
 347       <div class="date">17th October 2014</div>
 348       <div class="body"><p>When PXE installing laptops with Debian, I often run into the
 349 problem that the WiFi card require some firmware to work properly.
 350 And it has been a pain to fix this using preseeding in Debian.
 351 Normally something more is needed.  But thanks to
 352 <a href="https://packages.qa.debian.org/i/isenkram.html">my isenkram
 353 package</a> and its recent tasksel extension, it has now become easy
 354 to do this using simple preseeding.</p>
 355
 356 <p>The isenkram-cli package provide tasksel tasks which will install
 357 firmware for the hardware found in the machine (actually, requested by
 358 the kernel modules for the hardware).  (It can also install user space
 359 programs supporting the hardware detected, but that is not the focus
 360 of this story.)</p>
 361
 362 <p>To get this working in the default installation, two preeseding
 363 values are needed.  First, the isenkram-cli package must be installed
 364 into the target chroot (aka the hard drive) before tasksel is executed
 365 in the pkgsel step of the debian-installer system.  This is done by
 366 preseeding the base-installer/includes debconf value to include the
 367 isenkram-cli package.  The package name is next passed to debootstrap
 368 for installation.  With the isenkram-cli package in place, tasksel
 369 will automatically use the isenkram tasks to detect hardware specific
 370 packages for the machine being installed and install them, because
 371 isenkram-cli contain tasksel tasks.</p>
 372
 373 <p>Second, one need to enable the non-free APT repository, because
 374 most firmware unfortunately is non-free.  This is done by preseeding
 375 the apt-mirror-setup step.  This is unfortunate, but for a lot of
 376 hardware it is the only option in Debian.</p>
 377
 378 <p>The end result is two lines needed in your preseeding file to get
 379 firmware installed automatically by the installer:</p>
 380
 381 <p><blockquote><pre>
 382 base-installer base-installer/includes string isenkram-cli
 383 apt-mirror-setup apt-setup/non-free boolean true
 384 </pre></blockquote></p>
 385
 386 <p>The current version of isenkram-cli in testing/jessie will install
 387 both firmware and user space packages when using this method.  It also
 388 do not work well, so use version 0.15 or later.  Installing both
 389 firmware and user space packages might give you a bit more than you
 390 want, so I decided to split the tasksel task in two, one for firmware
 391 and one for user space programs.  The firmware task is enabled by
 392 default, while the one for user space programs is not.  This split is
 393 implemented in the package currently in unstable.</p>
 394
 395 <p>If you decide to give this a go, please let me know (via email) how
 396 this recipe work for you. :)</p>
 397
 398 <p>So, I bet you are wondering, how can this work.  First and
 399 foremost, it work because tasksel is modular, and driven by whatever
 400 files it find in /usr/lib/tasksel/ and /usr/share/tasksel/.  So the
 401 isenkram-cli package place two files for tasksel to find.  First there
 402 is the task description file (/usr/share/tasksel/descs/isenkram.desc):</p>
 403
 404 <p><blockquote><pre>
 405 Task: isenkram-packages
 406 Section: hardware
 407 Description: Hardware specific packages (autodetected by isenkram)
 408  Based on the detected hardware various hardware specific packages are
 409  proposed.
 410 Test-new-install: show show
 411 Relevance: 8
 412 Packages: for-current-hardware
 413
 414 Task: isenkram-firmware
 415 Section: hardware
 416 Description: Hardware specific firmware packages (autodetected by isenkram)
 417  Based on the detected hardware various hardware specific firmware
 418  packages are proposed.
 419 Test-new-install: mark show
 420 Relevance: 8
 421 Packages: for-current-hardware-firmware
 422 </pre></blockquote></p>
 423
 424 <p>The key parts are Test-new-install which indicate how the task
 425 should be handled and the Packages line referencing to a script in
 426 /usr/lib/tasksel/packages/.  The scripts use other scripts to get a
 427 list of packages to install.  The for-current-hardware-firmware script
 428 look like this to list relevant firmware for the machine:
 429
 430 <p><blockquote><pre>
 431 #!/bin/sh
 432 #
 433 PATH=/usr/sbin:$PATH
 434 export PATH
 435 isenkram-autoinstall-firmware -l
 436 </pre></blockquote></p>
 437
 438 <p>With those two pieces in place, the firmware is installed by
 439 tasksel during the normal d-i run. :)</p>
 440
 441 <p>If you want to test what tasksel will install when isenkram-cli is
 442 installed, run <tt>DEBIAN_PRIORITY=critical tasksel --test
 443 --new-install</tt> to get the list of packages that tasksel would
 444 install.</p>
 445
 446 <p><a href="https://wiki.debian.org/DebianEdu/">Debian Edu</a> will be
 447 pilots in testing this feature, as isenkram is used there now to
 448 install firmware, replacing the earlier scripts.</p>
 449 </div>
 450       <div class="tags">
 451
 452
 453         Tags: <a href="http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/tags/debian">debian</a>, <a href="http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/tags/english">english</a>, <a href="http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/tags/isenkram">isenkram</a>, <a href="http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/tags/sysadmin">sysadmin</a>.
 454
 455
 456       </div>
 457     </div>
 458     <div class="padding"></div>
 459
 460     <div class="entry">
 461       <div class="title"><a href="http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/Ubuntu_used_to_show_the_bread_prizes_at_ICA_Storo.html">Ubuntu used to show the bread prizes at ICA Storo</a></div>
 462       <div class="date"> 4th October 2014</div>
 463       <div class="body"><p>Today I came across an unexpected Ubuntu boot screen.  Above the
 464 bread shelf on the ICA shop at Storo in Oslo, the grub menu of Ubuntu
 465 with Linux kernel 3.2.0-23 (ie probably version 12.04 LTS) was stuck
 466 on a screen normally showing the bread types and prizes:</p>
 467
 468 <p align="center"><img width="70%" src="http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/images/2014-10-04-ubuntu-ica-storo-crop.jpeg"></p>
 469
 470 <p>If it had booted as it was supposed to, I would never had known
 471 about this hidden Linux installation.  It is interesting what
 472 <a href="http://revealingerrors.com/">errors can reveal</a>.</p>
 473 </div>
 474       <div class="tags">
 475
 476
 477         Tags: <a href="http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/tags/debian">debian</a>, <a href="http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/tags/english">english</a>.
 478
 479
 480       </div>
 481     </div>
 482     <div class="padding"></div>
 483
 484     <div class="entry">
 485       <div class="title"><a href="http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/New_lsdvd_release_version_0_17_is_ready.html">New lsdvd release version 0.17 is ready</a></div>
 486       <div class="date"> 4th October 2014</div>
 487       <div class="body"><p>The <a href="https://sourceforge.net/p/lsdvd/">lsdvd project</a>
 488 got a new set of developers a few weeks ago, after the original
 489 developer decided to step down and pass the project to fresh blood.
 490 This project is now maintained by Petter Reinholdtsen and Steve
 491 Dibb.</p>
 492
 493 <p>I just wrapped up
 494 <a href="https://sourceforge.net/p/lsdvd/mailman/message/32896061/">a
 495 new lsdvd release</a>, available in git or from
 496 <a href="https://sourceforge.net/projects/lsdvd/files/lsdvd/">the
 497 download page</a>.  This is the changelog dated 2014-10-03 for version
 498 0.17.</p>
 499
 500 <ul>
 501
 502  <li>Ignore 'phantom' audio, subtitle tracks</li>
 503  <li>Check for garbage in the program chains, which indicate that a track is
 504    non-existant, to work around additional copy protection</li>
 505  <li>Fix displaying content type for audio tracks, subtitles</li>
 506  <li>Fix pallete display of first entry</li>
 507  <li>Fix include orders</li>
 508  <li>Ignore read errors in titles that would not be displayed anyway</li>
 509  <li>Fix the chapter count</li>
 510  <li>Make sure the array size and the array limit used when initialising
 511    the palette size is the same.</li>
 512  <li>Fix array printing.</li>
 513  <li>Correct subsecond calculations.</li>
 514  <li>Add sector information to the output format.</li>
 515  <li>Clean up code to be closer to ANSI C and compile without warnings
 516    with more GCC compiler warnings.</li>
 517
 518 </ul>
 519
 520 <p>This change bring together patches for lsdvd in use in various
 521 Linux and Unix distributions, as well as patches submitted to the
 522 project the last nine years.  Please check it out. :)</p>
 523 </div>
 524       <div class="tags">
 525
 526
 527         Tags: <a href="http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/tags/debian">debian</a>, <a href="http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/tags/english">english</a>, <a href="http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/tags/lsdvd">lsdvd</a>, <a href="http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/tags/multimedia">multimedia</a>.
 528
 529
 530       </div>
 531     </div>
 532     <div class="padding"></div>
 533
 534     <div class="entry">
 535       <div class="title"><a href="http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/How_to_test_Debian_Edu_Jessie_despite_some_fatal_problems_with_the_installer.html">How to test Debian Edu Jessie despite some fatal problems with the installer</a></div>
 536       <div class="date">26th September 2014</div>
 537       <div class="body"><p>The <a href="http://www.skolelinux.org/">Debian Edu / Skolelinux
 538 project</a> provide a Linux solution for schools, including a
 539 powerful desktop with education software, a central server providing
 540 web pages, user database, user home directories, central login and PXE
 541 boot of both  clients without disk and the installation to install Debian
 542 Edu on machines with disk (and a few other services perhaps to small
 543 to mention here).  We in the Debian Edu team are currently working on
 544 the Jessie based version, trying to get everything in shape before the
 545 freeze, to avoid having to maintain our own package repository in the
 546 future.  The
 547 <a href="https://wiki.debian.org/DebianEdu/Status/Jessie">current
 548 status</a> can be seen on the Debian wiki, and there is still heaps of
 549 work left.  Some fatal problems block testing, breaking the installer,
 550 but it is possible to work around these to get anyway.  Here is a
 551 recipe on how to get the installation limping along.</p>
 552
 553 <p>First, download the test ISO via
 554 <a href="ftp://ftp.skolelinux.no/cd-edu-testing-nolocal-netinst/debian-edu-amd64-i386-NETINST-1.iso">ftp</a>,
 555 <a href="http://ftp.skolelinux.no/cd-edu-testing-nolocal-netinst/debian-edu-amd64-i386-NETINST-1.iso">http</a>
 556 or rsync (use
 557 ftp.skolelinux.org::cd-edu-testing-nolocal-netinst/debian-edu-amd64-i386-NETINST-1.iso).
 558 The ISO build was broken on Tuesday, so we do not get a new ISO every
 559 12 hours or so, but thankfully the ISO we already got we are able to
 560 install with some tweaking.</p>
 561
 562 <p>When you get to the Debian Edu profile question, go to tty2
 563 (use Alt-Ctrl-F2), run</p>
 564
 565 <p><blockquote><pre>
 566 nano /usr/bin/edu-eatmydata-install
 567 </pre></blockquote></p>
 568
 569 <p>and add 'exit 0' as the second line, disabling the eatmydata
 570 optimization.  Return to the installation, select the profile you want
 571 and continue.  Without this change, exim4-config will fail to install
 572 due to a known bug in eatmydata.</p>
 573
 574 <p>When you get the grub question at the end, answer /dev/sda (or if
 575 this do not work, figure out what your correct value would be.  All my
 576 test machines need /dev/sda, so I have no advice if it do not fit
 577 your need.</p>
 578
 579 <p>If you installed a profile including a graphical desktop, log in as
 580 root after the initial boot from hard drive, and install the
 581 education-desktop-XXX metapackage.  XXX can be kde, gnome, lxde, xfce
 582 or mate.  If you want several desktop options, install more than one
 583 metapackage.  Once this is done, reboot and you should have a working
 584 graphical login screen.  This workaround should no longer be needed
 585 once the education-tasks package version 1.801 enter testing in two
 586 days.</p>
 587
 588 <p>I believe the ISO build will start working on two days when the new
 589 tasksel package enter testing and Steve McIntyre get a chance to
 590 update the debian-cd git repository.  The eatmydata, grub and desktop
 591 issues are already fixed in unstable and testing, and should show up
 592 on the ISO as soon as the ISO build start working again.  Well the
 593 eatmydata optimization is really just disabled.  The proper fix
 594 require an upload by the eatmydata maintainer applying the patch
 595 provided in bug <a href="https://bugs.debian.org/702711">#702711</a>.
 596 The rest have proper fixes in unstable.</p>
 597
 598 <p>I hope this get you going with the installation testing, as we are
 599 quickly running out of time trying to get our Jessie based
 600 installation ready before the distribution freeze in a month.</p>
 601 </div>
 602       <div class="tags">
 603
 604
 605         Tags: <a href="http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/tags/debian">debian</a>, <a href="http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/tags/debian edu">debian edu</a>, <a href="http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/tags/english">english</a>.
 606
 607
 608       </div>
 609     </div>
 610     <div class="padding"></div>
 611
 612     <div class="entry">
 613       <div class="title"><a href="http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/Suddenly_I_am_the_new_upstream_of_the_lsdvd_command_line_tool.html">Suddenly I am the new upstream of the lsdvd command line tool</a></div>
 614       <div class="date">25th September 2014</div>
 615       <div class="body"><p>I use the <a href="https://sourceforge.net/p/lsdvd/">lsdvd tool</a>
 616 to handle my fairly large DVD collection.  It is a nice command line
 617 tool to get details about a DVD, like title, tracks, track length,
 618 etc, in XML, Perl or human readable format.  But lsdvd have not seen
 619 any new development since 2006 and had a few irritating bugs affecting
 620 its use with some DVDs.  Upstream seemed to be dead, and in January I
 621 sent a small probe asking for a version control repository for the
 622 project, without any reply.  But I use it regularly and would like to
 623 get <a href="https://packages.qa.debian.org/lsdvd">an updated version
 624 into Debian</a>.  So two weeks ago I tried harder to get in touch with
 625 the project admin, and after getting a reply from him explaining that
 626 he was no longer interested in the project, I asked if I could take
 627 over.  And yesterday, I became project admin.</p>
 628
 629 <p>I've been in touch with a Gentoo developer and the Debian
 630 maintainer interested in joining forces to maintain the upstream
 631 project, and I hope we can get a new release out fairly quickly,
 632 collecting the patches spread around on the internet into on place.
 633 I've added the relevant Debian patches to the freshly created git
 634 repository, and expect the Gentoo patches to make it too.  If you got
 635 a DVD collection and care about command line tools, check out
 636 <a href="https://sourceforge.net/p/lsdvd/git/ci/master/tree/">the git source</a> and join
 637 <a href="https://sourceforge.net/p/lsdvd/mailman/">the project mailing
 638 list</a>. :)</p>
 639 </div>
 640       <div class="tags">
 641
 642
 643         Tags: <a href="http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/tags/debian">debian</a>, <a href="http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/tags/english">english</a>, <a href="http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/tags/lsdvd">lsdvd</a>, <a href="http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/tags/multimedia">multimedia</a>.
 644
 645
 646       </div>
 647     </div>
 648     <div class="padding"></div>
 649
 650     <div class="entry">
 651       <div class="title"><a href="http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/Hva_henger_under_skibrua_over_E16_p__Sollih_gda_.html">Hva henger under skibrua over E16 på Sollihøgda?</a></div>
 652       <div class="date">21st September 2014</div>
 653       <div class="body"><p>Rundt omkring i Oslo og Østlandsområdet henger det bokser over
 654 veiene som jeg har lurt på hva gjør.  De har ut fra plassering og
 655 vinkling sett ut som bokser som sniffer ut et eller annet fra
 656 forbipasserende trafikk, men det har vært uklart for meg hva det er de
 657 leser av.  Her om dagen tok jeg bilde av en slik boks som henger under
 658 <a href="http://www.openstreetmap.no/?zoom=19&mlat=59.96396&mlon=10.34443&layers=B00000">ei
 659 skibru på Sollihøgda</a>:</p>
 660
 661 <p align="center"><img width="60%" src="http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/images/2014-09-13-kapsch-sollihogda-crop.jpeg"></p>
 662
 663 <p>Boksen er tydelig merket «Kapsch >>>», logoen til
 664 <a href="http://www.kapsch.net/">det sveitsiske selskapet Kapsch</a> som
 665 blant annet lager sensorsystemer for veitrafikk.  Men de lager mye
 666 forskjellig, og jeg kjente ikke igjen boksen på utseendet etter en
 667 kjapp titt på produktlista til selskapet.</p>
 668
 669 <p>I og med at boksen henger over veien E16, en riksvei vedlikeholdt
 670 av Statens Vegvesen, så antok jeg at det burde være mulig å bruke
 671 REST-API-et som gir tilgang til vegvesenets database over veier,
 672 skilter og annet veirelatert til å finne ut hva i alle dager dette
 673 kunne være.  De har både
 674 <a href="https://www.vegvesen.no/nvdb/api/dokumentasjon/datakatalog">en
 675 datakatalog</a> og
 676 <a href="https://www.vegvesen.no/nvdb/api/dokumentasjon/sok">et
 677 søk</a>, der en kan søke etter ulike typer oppføringer innen for et
 678 gitt geografisk område.  Jeg laget et enkelt shell-script for å hente
 679 ut antall av en gitt type innenfor området skibrua dekker, og listet
 680 opp navnet på typene som ble funnet.  Orket ikke slå opp hvordan
 681 URL-koding av aktuelle strenger kunne gjøres mer generisk, og brukte
 682 en stygg sed-linje i stedet.</p>
 683
 684 <blockquote><pre>
 685 #!/bin/sh
 686 urlmap() {
 687     sed \
 688     -e 's/  / /g'   -e 's/{/%7B/g'  \
 689     -e 's/}/%7D/g'  -e 's/\[/%5B/g' \
 690     -e 's/\]/%5D/g' -e 's/ /%20/g'  \
 691     -e 's/,/%2C/g'  -e 's/\"/%22/g' \
 692     -e 's/:/%3A/g'
 693 }
 694
 695 lookup() {
 696     url="$1"
 697     curl -s -H 'Accept: application/vnd.vegvesen.nvdb-v1+xml' \
 698        "https://www.vegvesen.no/nvdb/api$url" | xmllint --format -
 699 }
 700
 701 for id in $(seq 1 874) ; do
 702     search="{
 703   lokasjon: {
 704     bbox: \"10.34425,59.96386,10.34458,59.96409\",
 705     srid: \"WGS84\"
 706   },
 707    objektTyper: [{
 708      id: $id, antall: 10
 709    }]
 710 }"
 711
 712     query=/sok?kriterie=$(echo $search | urlmap)
 713     if lookup "$query" |
 714     grep -q '&lt;totaltAntallReturnert>0&lt;'
 715     then
 716     :
 717     else
 718     echo $id
 719     lookup "/datakatalog/objekttyper/$id" |grep '^  &lt;navn>'
 720     fi
 721 done
 722
 723 exit 0
 724 </pre></blockquote>
 725
 726 Aktuelt ID-område 1-874 var riktig i datakatalogen da jeg laget
 727 scriptet.  Det vil endre seg over tid.  Skriptet listet så opp
 728 aktuelle typer i og rundt skibrua:
 729
 730 <blockquote><pre>
 731 5
 732   &lt;navn>Rekkverk&lt;/navn>
 733 14
 734   &lt;navn>Rekkverksende&lt;/navn>
 735 47
 736   &lt;navn>Trafikklomme&lt;/navn>
 737 49
 738   &lt;navn>Trafikkøy&lt;/navn>
 739 60
 740   &lt;navn>Bru&lt;/navn>
 741 79
 742   &lt;navn>Stikkrenne/Kulvert&lt;/navn>
 743 80
 744   &lt;navn>Grøft, åpen&lt;/navn>
 745 86
 746   &lt;navn>Belysningsstrekning&lt;/navn>
 747 95
 748   &lt;navn>Skiltpunkt&lt;/navn>
 749 96
 750   &lt;navn>Skiltplate&lt;/navn>
 751 98
 752   &lt;navn>Referansestolpe&lt;/navn>
 753 99
 754   &lt;navn>Vegoppmerking, langsgående&lt;/navn>
 755 105
 756   &lt;navn>Fartsgrense&lt;/navn>
 757 106
 758   &lt;navn>Vinterdriftsstrategi&lt;/navn>
 759 172
 760   &lt;navn>Trafikkdeler&lt;/navn>
 761 241
 762   &lt;navn>Vegdekke&lt;/navn>
 763 293
 764   &lt;navn>Breddemåling&lt;/navn>
 765 301
 766   &lt;navn>Kantklippareal&lt;/navn>
 767 318
 768   &lt;navn>Snø-/isrydding&lt;/navn>
 769 445
 770   &lt;navn>Skred&lt;/navn>
 771 446
 772   &lt;navn>Dokumentasjon&lt;/navn>
 773 452
 774   &lt;navn>Undergang&lt;/navn>
 775 528
 776   &lt;navn>Tverrprofil&lt;/navn>
 777 532
 778   &lt;navn>Vegreferanse&lt;/navn>
 779 534
 780   &lt;navn>Region&lt;/navn>
 781 535
 782   &lt;navn>Fylke&lt;/navn>
 783 536
 784   &lt;navn>Kommune&lt;/navn>
 785 538
 786   &lt;navn>Gate&lt;/navn>
 787 539
 788   &lt;navn>Transportlenke&lt;/navn>
 789 540
 790   &lt;navn>Trafikkmengde&lt;/navn>
 791 570
 792   &lt;navn>Trafikkulykke&lt;/navn>
 793 571
 794   &lt;navn>Ulykkesinvolvert enhet&lt;/navn>
 795 572
 796   &lt;navn>Ulykkesinvolvert person&lt;/navn>
 797 579
 798   &lt;navn>Politidistrikt&lt;/navn>
 799 583
 800   &lt;navn>Vegbredde&lt;/navn>
 801 591
 802   &lt;navn>Høydebegrensning&lt;/navn>
 803 592
 804   &lt;navn>Nedbøyningsmåling&lt;/navn>
 805 597
 806   &lt;navn>Støy-luft, Strekningsdata&lt;/navn>
 807 601
 808   &lt;navn>Oppgravingsdata&lt;/navn>
 809 602
 810   &lt;navn>Oppgravingslag&lt;/navn>
 811 603
 812   &lt;navn>PMS-parsell&lt;/navn>
 813 604
 814   &lt;navn>Vegnormalstrekning&lt;/navn>
 815 605
 816   &lt;navn>Værrelatert strekning&lt;/navn>
 817 616
 818   &lt;navn>Feltstrekning&lt;/navn>
 819 617
 820   &lt;navn>Adressepunkt&lt;/navn>
 821 626
 822   &lt;navn>Friksjonsmåleserie&lt;/navn>
 823 629
 824   &lt;navn>Vegdekke, flatelapping&lt;/navn>
 825 639
 826   &lt;navn>Kurvatur, horisontalelement&lt;/navn>
 827 640
 828   &lt;navn>Kurvatur, vertikalelement&lt;/navn>
 829 642
 830   &lt;navn>Kurvatur, vertikalpunkt&lt;/navn>
 831 643
 832   &lt;navn>Statistikk, trafikkmengde&lt;/navn>
 833 647
 834   &lt;navn>Statistikk, vegbredde&lt;/navn>
 835 774
 836   &lt;navn>Nedbøyningsmåleserie&lt;/navn>
 837 775
 838   &lt;navn>ATK, influensstrekning&lt;/navn>
 839 794
 840   &lt;navn>Systemobjekt&lt;/navn>
 841 810
 842   &lt;navn>Vinterdriftsklasse&lt;/navn>
 843 821
 844   &lt;navn>Funksjonell vegklasse&lt;/navn>
 845 825
 846   &lt;navn>Kurvatur, stigning&lt;/navn>
 847 838
 848   &lt;navn>Vegbredde, beregnet&lt;/navn>
 849 862
 850   &lt;navn>Reisetidsregistreringspunkt&lt;/navn>
 851 871
 852   &lt;navn>Bruksklasse&lt;/navn>
 853 </pre></blockquote>
 854
 855 <p>Av disse ser ID 775 og 862 mest relevant ut.  ID 775 antar jeg
 856 refererer til fotoboksen som står like ved brua, mens
 857 «Reisetidsregistreringspunkt» kanskje kan være boksen som henger der.
 858 Hvordan finner jeg så ut hva dette kan være for noe.  En titt på
 859 <a href="http://labs.vegdata.no/nvdb-datakatalog/862-Reisetidsregistreringspunkt/">datakatalogsiden
 860 for ID 862/Reisetidsregistreringspunkt</a> viser at det er finnes 53
 861 slike målere i Norge, og hvor de er plassert, men gir ellers få
 862 detaljer.  Det er plassert 40 på østlandet og 13 i Trondheimsregionen.
 863 Men siden nevner «AutoPASS», og hvis en slår opp oppføringen på
 864 Sollihøgda nevner den «Ciber AS» som ID for eksternt system.  (Kan det
 865 være snakk om
 866 <a href="http://www.proff.no/selskap/ciber-norge-as/oslo/internettdesign-og-programmering/Z0I3KMF4/">Ciber
 867 Norge AS</a>, et selskap eid av Ciber Europe Bv?)  Et nettsøk på
 868  «Ciber AS autopass» fører meg til en artikkel fra NRK Trøndelag i
 869  2013 med tittel
 870 «<a href="http://www.nrk.no/trondelag/sjekk-dette-hvis-du-vil-unnga-ko-1.11327947">Sjekk
 871 dette hvis du vil unngå kø</a>».  Artikkelen henviser til vegvesenets
 872 nettside
 873 <a href="http://www.reisetider.no/reisetid/forside.html">reisetider.no</a>
 874 som har en
 875 <a href="http://www.reisetider.no/reisetid/omrade.html?omrade=5">kartside
 876 for Østlandet</a> som viser at det måles mellom Sandvika og Sollihøgda.
 877 Det kan dermed se ut til at jeg har funnet ut hva boksene gjør.</p>
 878
 879 <p>Hvis det stemmer, så er dette bokser som leser av AutoPASS-ID-en
 880 til alle passerende biler med AutoPASS-brikke, og dermed gjør det mulig
 881 for de som kontrollerer boksene å holde rede på hvor en gitt bil er
 882 når den passerte et slikt målepunkt.  NRK-artikkelen forteller at
 883 denne informasjonen i dag kun brukes til å koble to
 884 AutoPASS-brikkepasseringer passeringer sammen for å beregne
 885 reisetiden, og at bruken er godkjent av Datatilsynet.  Det er desverre
 886 ikke mulig for en sjåfør som passerer under en slik boks å kontrollere
 887 at AutoPASS-ID-en kun brukes til dette i dag og i fremtiden.</p>
 888
 889 <p>I tillegg til denne type AutoPASS-sniffere vet jeg at det også
 890 finnes mange automatiske stasjoner som tar betalt pr. passering (aka
 891 bomstasjoner), og der lagres informasjon om tid, sted og bilnummer i
 892 10 år.  Finnes det andre slike sniffere plassert ut på veiene?</p>
 893
 894 <p>Personlig har jeg valgt å ikke bruke AutoPASS-brikke, for å gjøre
 895 det vanskeligere og mer kostbart for de som vil invadere privatsfæren
 896 og holde rede på hvor bilen min beveger seg til enhver tid.  Jeg håper
 897 flere vil gjøre det samme, selv om det gir litt høyere private
 898 utgifter (dyrere bompassering).  Vern om privatsfæren koster i disse
 899 dager.</p>
 900
 901 <p>Takk til Jan Kristian Jensen i Statens Vegvesen for tips om
 902 dokumentasjon på vegvesenets REST-API.</p>
 903 </div>
 904       <div class="tags">
 905
 906
 907         Tags: <a href="http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/tags/kart">kart</a>, <a href="http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/tags/norsk">norsk</a>, <a href="http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/tags/personvern">personvern</a>, <a href="http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/tags/rfid">rfid</a>, <a href="http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/tags/surveillance">surveillance</a>.
 908
 909
 910       </div>
 911     </div>
 912     <div class="padding"></div>
 913
 914     <div class="entry">
 915       <div class="title"><a href="http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/Speeding_up_the_Debian_installer_using_eatmydata_and_dpkg_divert.html">Speeding up the Debian installer using eatmydata and dpkg-divert</a></div>
 916       <div class="date">16th September 2014</div>
 917       <div class="body"><p>The <a href="https://www.debian.org/">Debian</a> installer could be
 918 a lot quicker.  When we install more than 2000 packages in
 919 <a href="http://www.skolelinux.org/">Skolelinux / Debian Edu</a> using
 920 tasksel in the installer, unpacking the binary packages take forever.
 921 A part of the slow I/O issue was discussed in
 922 <a href="https://bugs.debian.org/613428">bug #613428</a> about too
 923 much file system sync-ing done by dpkg, which is the package
 924 responsible for unpacking the binary packages.  Other parts (like code
 925 executed by postinst scripts) might also sync to disk during
 926 installation.  All this sync-ing to disk do not really make sense to
 927 me.  If the machine crash half-way through, I start over, I do not try
 928 to salvage the half installed system.  So the failure sync-ing is
 929 supposed to protect against, hardware or system crash, is not really
 930 relevant while the installer is running.</p>
 931
 932 <p>A few days ago, I thought of a way to get rid of all the file
 933 system sync()-ing in a fairly non-intrusive way, without the need to
 934 change the code in several packages.  The idea is not new, but I have
 935 not heard anyone propose the approach using dpkg-divert before.  It
 936 depend on the small and clever package
 937 <a href="https://packages.qa.debian.org/eatmydata">eatmydata</a>, which
 938 uses LD_PRELOAD to replace the system functions for syncing data to
 939 disk with functions doing nothing, thus allowing programs to live
 940 dangerous while speeding up disk I/O significantly.  Instead of
 941 modifying the implementation of dpkg, apt and tasksel (which are the
 942 packages responsible for selecting, fetching and installing packages),
 943 it occurred to me that we could just divert the programs away, replace
 944 them with a simple shell wrapper calling
 945 "eatmydata&nbsp;$program&nbsp;$@", to get the same effect.
 946 Two days ago I decided to test the idea, and wrapped up a simple
 947 implementation for the Debian Edu udeb.</p>
 948
 949 <p>The effect was stunning.  In my first test it reduced the running
 950 time of the pkgsel step (installing tasks) from 64 to less than 44
 951 minutes (20 minutes shaved off the installation) on an old Dell
 952 Latitude D505 machine.  I am not quite sure what the optimised time
 953 would have been, as I messed up the testing a bit, causing the debconf
 954 priority to get low enough for two questions to pop up during
 955 installation.  As soon as I saw the questions I moved the installation
 956 along, but do not know how long the question were holding up the
 957 installation.  I did some more measurements using Debian Edu Jessie,
 958 and got these results.  The time measured is the time stamp in
 959 /var/log/syslog between the "pkgsel: starting tasksel" and the
 960 "pkgsel: finishing up" lines, if you want to do the same measurement
 961 yourself.  In Debian Edu, the tasksel dialog do not show up, and the
 962 timing thus do not depend on how quickly the user handle the tasksel
 963 dialog.</p>
 964
 965 <p><table>
 966
 967 <tr>
 968 <th>Machine/setup</th>
 969 <th>Original tasksel</th>
 970 <th>Optimised tasksel</th>
 971 <th>Reduction</th>
 972 </tr>
 973
 974 <tr>
 975 <td>Latitude D505 Main+LTSP LXDE</td>
 976 <td>64 min (07:46-08:50)</td>
 977 <td><44 min (11:27-12:11)</td>
 978 <td>>20 min 18%</td>
 979 </tr>
 980
 981 <tr>
 982 <td>Latitude D505 Roaming LXDE</td>
 983 <td>57 min (08:48-09:45)</td>
 984 <td>34 min (07:43-08:17)</td>
 985 <td>23 min 40%</td>
 986 </tr>
 987
 988 <tr>
 989 <td>Latitude D505 Minimal</td>
 990 <td>22 min (10:37-10:59)</td>
 991 <td>11 min (11:16-11:27)</td>
 992 <td>11 min 50%</td>
 993 </tr>
 994
 995 <tr>
 996 <td>Thinkpad X200 Minimal</td>
 997 <td>6 min (08:19-08:25)</td>
 998 <td>4 min (08:04-08:08)</td>
 999 <td>2 min 33%</td>
1000 </tr>
1001
1002 <tr>
1003 <td>Thinkpad X200 Roaming KDE</td>
1004 <td>19 min (09:21-09:40)</td>
1005 <td>15 min (10:25-10:40)</td>
1006 <td>4 min 21%</td>
1007 </tr>
1008
1009 </table></p>
1010
1011 <p>The test is done using a netinst ISO on a USB stick, so some of the
1012 time is spent downloading packages.  The connection to the Internet
1013 was 100Mbit/s during testing, so downloading should not be a
1014 significant factor in the measurement.  Download typically took a few
1015 seconds to a few minutes, depending on the amount of packages being
1016 installed.</p>
1017
1018 <p>The speedup is implemented by using two hooks in
1019 <a href="https://www.debian.org/devel/debian-installer/">Debian
1020 Installer</a>, the pre-pkgsel.d hook to set up the diverts, and the
1021 finish-install.d hook to remove the divert at the end of the
1022 installation.  I picked the pre-pkgsel.d hook instead of the
1023 post-base-installer.d hook because I test using an ISO without the
1024 eatmydata package included, and the post-base-installer.d hook in
1025 Debian Edu can only operate on packages included in the ISO.  The
1026 negative effect of this is that I am unable to activate this
1027 optimization for the kernel installation step in d-i.  If the code is
1028 moved to the post-base-installer.d hook, the speedup would be larger
1029 for the entire installation.</p>
1030
1031 <p>I've implemented this in the
1032 <a href="https://packages.qa.debian.org/debian-edu-install">debian-edu-install</a>
1033 git repository, and plan to provide the optimization as part of the
1034 Debian Edu installation.  If you want to test this yourself, you can
1035 create two files in the installer (or in an udeb).  One shell script
1036 need do go into /usr/lib/pre-pkgsel.d/, with content like this:</p>
1037
1038 <p><blockquote><pre>
1039 #!/bin/sh
1040 set -e
1041 . /usr/share/debconf/confmodule
1042 info() {
1043     logger -t my-pkgsel "info: $*"
1044 }
1045 error() {
1046     logger -t my-pkgsel "error: $*"
1047 }
1048 override_install() {
1049     apt-install eatmydata || true
1050     if [ -x /target/usr/bin/eatmydata ] ; then
1051         for bin in dpkg apt-get aptitude tasksel ; do
1052             file=/usr/bin/$bin
1053             # Test that the file exist and have not been diverted already.
1054             if [ -f /target$file ] ; then
1055                 info "diverting $file using eatmydata"
1056                 printf "#!/bin/sh\neatmydata $bin.distrib \"\$@\"\n" \
1057                     > /target$file.edu
1058                 chmod 755 /target$file.edu
1059                 in-target dpkg-divert --package debian-edu-config \
1060                     --rename --quiet --add $file
1061                 ln -sf ./$bin.edu /target$file
1062             else
1063                 error "unable to divert $file, as it is missing."
1064             fi
1065         done
1066     else
1067         error "unable to find /usr/bin/eatmydata after installing the eatmydata pacage"
1068     fi
1069 }
1070
1071 override_install
1072 </pre></blockquote></p>
1073
1074 <p>To clean up, another shell script should go into
1075 /usr/lib/finish-install.d/ with code like this:
1076
1077 <p><blockquote><pre>
1078 #! /bin/sh -e
1079 . /usr/share/debconf/confmodule
1080 error() {
1081     logger -t my-finish-install "error: $@"
1082 }
1083 remove_install_override() {
1084     for bin in dpkg apt-get aptitude tasksel ; do
1085         file=/usr/bin/$bin
1086         if [ -x /target$file.edu ] ; then
1087             rm /target$file
1088             in-target dpkg-divert --package debian-edu-config \
1089                 --rename --quiet --remove $file
1090             rm /target$file.edu
1091         else
1092             error "Missing divert for $file."
1093         fi
1094     done
1095     sync # Flush file buffers before continuing
1096 }
1097
1098 remove_install_override
1099 </pre></blockquote></p>
1100
1101 <p>In Debian Edu, I placed both code fragments in a separate script
1102 edu-eatmydata-install and call it from the pre-pkgsel.d and
1103 finish-install.d scripts.</p>
1104
1105 <p>By now you might ask if this change should get into the normal
1106 Debian installer too?  I suspect it should, but am not sure the
1107 current debian-installer coordinators find it useful enough.  It also
1108 depend on the side effects of the change.  I'm not aware of any, but I
1109 guess we will see if the change is safe after some more testing.
1110 Perhaps there is some package in Debian depending on sync() and
1111 fsync() having effect?  Perhaps it should go into its own udeb, to
1112 allow those of us wanting to enable it to do so without affecting
1113 everyone.</p>
1114
1115 <p>Update 2014-09-24: Since a few days ago, enabling this optimization
1116 will break installation of all programs using gnutls because of
1117 <a href="https://bugs.debian.org/702711">bug #702711</a>.  An updated
1118 eatmydata package in Debian will solve it.</p>
1119
1120 <p>Update 2014-10-17: The bug mentioned above is fixed in testing and
1121 the optimization work again.  And I have discovered that the
1122 dpkg-divert trick is not really needed and implemented a slightly
1123 simpler approach as part of the debian-edu-install package.  See
1124 tools/edu-eatmydata-install in the source package.</p>
1125 </div>
1126       <div class="tags">
1127
1128
1129         Tags: <a href="http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/tags/debian">debian</a>, <a href="http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/tags/debian edu">debian edu</a>, <a href="http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/tags/english">english</a>.
1130
1131
1132       </div>
1133     </div>
1134     <div class="padding"></div>
1135
1136     <p style="text-align: right;"><a href="index.rss"><img src="http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/xml.gif" alt="RSS feed" width="36" height="14" /></a></p>
1137     <div id="sidebar">
1138
1139
1140
1141 <h2>Archive</h2>
1142 <ul>
1143
1144 <li>2014
1145 <ul>
1146
1147 <li><a href="http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/archive/2014/01/">January (2)</a></li>
1148
1149 <li><a href="http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/archive/2014/02/">February (3)</a></li>
1150
1151 <li><a href="http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/archive/2014/03/">March (8)</a></li>
1152
1153 <li><a href="http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/archive/2014/04/">April (7)</a></li>
1154
1155 <li><a href="http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/archive/2014/05/">May (1)</a></li>
1156
1157 <li><a href="http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/archive/2014/06/">June (2)</a></li>
1158
1159 <li><a href="http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/archive/2014/07/">July (2)</a></li>
1160
1161 <li><a href="http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/archive/2014/08/">August (2)</a></li>
1162
1163 <li><a href="http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/archive/2014/09/">September (5)</a></li>
1164
1165 <li><a href="http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/archive/2014/10/">October (6)</a></li>
1166
1167 </ul></li>
1168
1169 <li>2013
1170 <ul>
1171
1172 <li><a href="http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/archive/2013/01/">January (11)</a></li>
1173
1174 <li><a href="http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/archive/2013/02/">February (9)</a></li>
1175
1176 <li><a href="http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/archive/2013/03/">March (9)</a></li>
1177
1178 <li><a href="http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/archive/2013/04/">April (6)</a></li>
1179
1180 <li><a href="http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/archive/2013/05/">May (9)</a></li>
1181
1182 <li><a href="http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/archive/2013/06/">June (10)</a></li>
1183
1184 <li><a href="http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/archive/2013/07/">July (7)</a></li>
1185
1186 <li><a href="http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/archive/2013/08/">August (3)</a></li>
1187
1188 <li><a href="http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/archive/2013/09/">September (5)</a></li>
1189
1190 <li><a href="http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/archive/2013/10/">October (7)</a></li>
1191
1192 <li><a href="http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/archive/2013/11/">November (9)</a></li>
1193
1194 <li><a href="http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/archive/2013/12/">December (3)</a></li>
1195
1196 </ul></li>
1197
1198 <li>2012
1199 <ul>
1200
1201 <li><a href="http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/archive/2012/01/">January (7)</a></li>
1202
1203 <li><a href="http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/archive/2012/02/">February (10)</a></li>
1204
1205 <li><a href="http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/archive/2012/03/">March (17)</a></li>
1206
1207 <li><a href="http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/archive/2012/04/">April (12)</a></li>
1208
1209 <li><a href="http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/archive/2012/05/">May (12)</a></li>
1210
1211 <li><a href="http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/archive/2012/06/">June (20)</a></li>
1212
1213 <li><a href="http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/archive/2012/07/">July (17)</a></li>
1214
1215 <li><a href="http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/archive/2012/08/">August (6)</a></li>
1216
1217 <li><a href="http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/archive/2012/09/">September (9)</a></li>
1218
1219 <li><a href="http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/archive/2012/10/">October (17)</a></li>
1220
1221 <li><a href="http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/archive/2012/11/">November (10)</a></li>
1222
1223 <li><a href="http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/archive/2012/12/">December (7)</a></li>
1224
1225 </ul></li>
1226
1227 <li>2011
1228 <ul>
1229
1230 <li><a href="http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/archive/2011/01/">January (16)</a></li>
1231
1232 <li><a href="http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/archive/2011/02/">February (6)</a></li>
1233
1234 <li><a href="http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/archive/2011/03/">March (6)</a></li>
1235
1236 <li><a href="http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/archive/2011/04/">April (7)</a></li>
1237
1238 <li><a href="http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/archive/2011/05/">May (3)</a></li>
1239
1240 <li><a href="http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/archive/2011/06/">June (2)</a></li>
1241
1242 <li><a href="http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/archive/2011/07/">July (7)</a></li>
1243
1244 <li><a href="http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/archive/2011/08/">August (6)</a></li>
1245
1246 <li><a href="http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/archive/2011/09/">September (4)</a></li>
1247
1248 <li><a href="http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/archive/2011/10/">October (2)</a></li>
1249
1250 <li><a href="http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/archive/2011/11/">November (3)</a></li>
1251
1252 <li><a href="http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/archive/2011/12/">December (1)</a></li>
1253
1254 </ul></li>
1255
1256 <li>2010
1257 <ul>
1258
1259 <li><a href="http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/archive/2010/01/">January (2)</a></li>
1260
1261 <li><a href="http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/archive/2010/02/">February (1)</a></li>
1262
1263 <li><a href="http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/archive/2010/03/">March (3)</a></li>
1264
1265 <li><a href="http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/archive/2010/04/">April (3)</a></li>
1266
1267 <li><a href="http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/archive/2010/05/">May (9)</a></li>
1268
1269 <li><a href="http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/archive/2010/06/">June (14)</a></li>
1270
1271 <li><a href="http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/archive/2010/07/">July (12)</a></li>
1272
1273 <li><a href="http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/archive/2010/08/">August (13)</a></li>
1274
1275 <li><a href="http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/archive/2010/09/">September (7)</a></li>
1276
1277 <li><a href="http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/archive/2010/10/">October (9)</a></li>
1278
1279 <li><a href="http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/archive/2010/11/">November (13)</a></li>
1280
1281 <li><a href="http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/archive/2010/12/">December (12)</a></li>
1282
1283 </ul></li>
1284
1285 <li>2009
1286 <ul>
1287
1288 <li><a href="http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/archive/2009/01/">January (8)</a></li>
1289
1290 <li><a href="http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/archive/2009/02/">February (8)</a></li>
1291
1292 <li><a href="http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/archive/2009/03/">March (12)</a></li>
1293
1294 <li><a href="http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/archive/2009/04/">April (10)</a></li>
1295
1296 <li><a href="http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/archive/2009/05/">May (9)</a></li>
1297
1298 <li><a href="http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/archive/2009/06/">June (3)</a></li>
1299
1300 <li><a href="http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/archive/2009/07/">July (4)</a></li>
1301
1302 <li><a href="http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/archive/2009/08/">August (3)</a></li>
1303
1304 <li><a href="http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/archive/2009/09/">September (1)</a></li>
1305
1306 <li><a href="http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/archive/2009/10/">October (2)</a></li>
1307
1308 <li><a href="http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/archive/2009/11/">November (3)</a></li>
1309
1310 <li><a href="http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/archive/2009/12/">December (3)</a></li>
1311
1312 </ul></li>
1313
1314 <li>2008
1315 <ul>
1316
1317 <li><a href="http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/archive/2008/11/">November (5)</a></li>
1318
1319 <li><a href="http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/archive/2008/12/">December (7)</a></li>
1320
1321 </ul></li>
1322
1323 </ul>
1324
1325
1326
1327 <h2>Tags</h2>
1328 <ul>
1329
1330  <li><a href="http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/tags/3d-printer">3d-printer (13)</a></li>
1331
1332  <li><a href="http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/tags/amiga">amiga (1)</a></li>
1333
1334  <li><a href="http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/tags/aros">aros (1)</a></li>
1335
1336  <li><a href="http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/tags/bankid">bankid (4)</a></li>
1337
1338  <li><a href="http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/tags/bitcoin">bitcoin (8)</a></li>
1339
1340  <li><a href="http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/tags/bootsystem">bootsystem (14)</a></li>
1341
1342  <li><a href="http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/tags/bsa">bsa (2)</a></li>
1343
1344  <li><a href="http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/tags/chrpath">chrpath (2)</a></li>
1345
1346  <li><a href="http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/tags/debian">debian (107)</a></li>
1347
1348  <li><a href="http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/tags/debian edu">debian edu (151)</a></li>
1349
1350  <li><a href="http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/tags/digistan">digistan (10)</a></li>
1351
1352  <li><a href="http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/tags/dld">dld (15)</a></li>
1353
1354  <li><a href="http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/tags/docbook">docbook (12)</a></li>
1355
1356  <li><a href="http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/tags/drivstoffpriser">drivstoffpriser (4)</a></li>
1357
1358  <li><a href="http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/tags/english">english (261)</a></li>
1359
1360  <li><a href="http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/tags/fiksgatami">fiksgatami (21)</a></li>
1361
1362  <li><a href="http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/tags/fildeling">fildeling (12)</a></li>
1363
1364  <li><a href="http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/tags/freeculture">freeculture (13)</a></li>
1365
1366  <li><a href="http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/tags/freedombox">freedombox (8)</a></li>
1367
1368  <li><a href="http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/tags/frikanalen">frikanalen (11)</a></li>
1369
1370  <li><a href="http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/tags/intervju">intervju (41)</a></li>
1371
1372  <li><a href="http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/tags/isenkram">isenkram (10)</a></li>
1373
1374  <li><a href="http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/tags/kart">kart (19)</a></li>
1375
1376  <li><a href="http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/tags/ldap">ldap (9)</a></li>
1377
1378  <li><a href="http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/tags/lenker">lenker (8)</a></li>
1379
1380  <li><a href="http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/tags/lsdvd">lsdvd (2)</a></li>
1381
1382  <li><a href="http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/tags/ltsp">ltsp (1)</a></li>
1383
1384  <li><a href="http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/tags/mesh network">mesh network (8)</a></li>
1385
1386  <li><a href="http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/tags/multimedia">multimedia (31)</a></li>
1387
1388  <li><a href="http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/tags/norsk">norsk (248)</a></li>
1389
1390  <li><a href="http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/tags/nuug">nuug (163)</a></li>
1391
1392  <li><a href="http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/tags/offentlig innsyn">offentlig innsyn (11)</a></li>
1393
1394  <li><a href="http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/tags/open311">open311 (2)</a></li>
1395
1396  <li><a href="http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/tags/opphavsrett">opphavsrett (48)</a></li>
1397
1398  <li><a href="http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/tags/personvern">personvern (75)</a></li>
1399
1400  <li><a href="http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/tags/raid">raid (1)</a></li>
1401
1402  <li><a href="http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/tags/reactos">reactos (1)</a></li>
1403
1404  <li><a href="http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/tags/reprap">reprap (11)</a></li>
1405
1406  <li><a href="http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/tags/rfid">rfid (3)</a></li>
1407
1408  <li><a href="http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/tags/robot">robot (9)</a></li>
1409
1410  <li><a href="http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/tags/rss">rss (1)</a></li>
1411
1412  <li><a href="http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/tags/ruter">ruter (4)</a></li>
1413
1414  <li><a href="http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/tags/scraperwiki">scraperwiki (2)</a></li>
1415
1416  <li><a href="http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/tags/sikkerhet">sikkerhet (41)</a></li>
1417
1418  <li><a href="http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/tags/sitesummary">sitesummary (4)</a></li>
1419
1420  <li><a href="http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/tags/skepsis">skepsis (4)</a></li>
1421
1422  <li><a href="http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/tags/standard">standard (45)</a></li>
1423
1424  <li><a href="http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/tags/stavekontroll">stavekontroll (3)</a></li>
1425
1426  <li><a href="http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/tags/stortinget">stortinget (9)</a></li>
1427
1428  <li><a href="http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/tags/surveillance">surveillance (26)</a></li>
1429
1430  <li><a href="http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/tags/sysadmin">sysadmin (2)</a></li>
1431
1432  <li><a href="http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/tags/valg">valg (8)</a></li>
1433
1434  <li><a href="http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/tags/video">video (44)</a></li>
1435
1436  <li><a href="http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/tags/vitenskap">vitenskap (4)</a></li>
1437
1438  <li><a href="http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/tags/web">web (33)</a></li>
1439
1440 </ul>
1441
1442
1443     </div>
1444     <p style="text-align: right">
1445  Created by <a href="http://steve.org.uk/Software/chronicle">Chronicle v4.6</a>
1446 </p>
1447
1448   </body>
1449 </html>