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  13  <h1>
  14      <a href="http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/">Petter Reinholdtsen</a>
  15
  16  </h1>
  17
  18 </div>
  19
  20
  21
  22     <div class="entry">
  23       <div class="title"><a href="http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/First_beta_release_of_Debian_Edu_Skolelinux_based_on_Debian_Wheezy.html">First beta release of Debian Edu/Skolelinux based on Debian Wheezy</a></div>
  24       <div class="date">27th July 2013</div>
  25       <div class="body"><p>The first wheezy based beta release of Debian Edu was wrapped up
  26 today.  This is the release announcement:</p>
  27
  28 <p><strong>New features for Debian Edu 7.1+edu0~b0 released
  29 2013-07-27</strong></p>
  30
  31 <p>These are the release notes for for Debian Edu / Skolelinux
  32 7.1+edu0~b0, based on Debian with codename "Wheezy".</p>
  33
  34 <p><strong>About Debian Edu and Skolelinux</strong></p>
  35
  36 <p><a href="http://www.skolelinux.org/">Debian Edu, also known as
  37 Skolelinux</a>, is a Linux distribution based on Debian providing an
  38 out-of-the box environment of a completely configured school
  39 network. Immediately after installation a school server running all
  40 services needed for a school network is set up just waiting for users
  41 and machines being added via GOsa², a comfortable Web-UI. A netbooting
  42 environment is prepared using PXE, so after initial installation of
  43 the main server from CD, DVD or USB stick all other machines can be
  44 installed via the network. The provided school server provides LDAP
  45 database and Kerberos authentication service, centralized home
  46 directories, DHCP server, web proxy and many other services. The
  47 desktop contains
  48 <a href="http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/Educational_applications_included_in_Debian_Edu___Skolelinux__the_screenshot_collection____.html">more
  49 than 60 educational software packages</a> and more are available from
  50 the Debian archive, and schools can choose between KDE, Gnome, LXDE
  51 and Xfce desktop environment.</p>
  52
  53 <p>This is the fifth test release based on Debian Wheezy. Basically
  54 this is an updated and slightly improved version compared to the
  55 Squeeze release.</p>
  56
  57 <p>ALERT: Alpha based installations should reinstall or downgrade the
  58 versions of gosa and libpam-mklocaluser to the ones used in this beta
  59 release.</p>
  60
  61 <p><strong>Software updates</strong></p>
  62
  63 <ul>
  64
  65 <li>Switched roaming workstation profiles from wicd to network-manager
  66    for network configuration, as wicd didn't work any more.</li>
  67 <li>Changed version numbers of patched gosa and libpam-mklocaluser
  68    packages to make sure our locally patched versions will be replaced
  69    by the official packages when they are released from Debian. Those
  70    installing alpha version need to reinstall or manually downgrade gosa
  71    and libpam-mklocaluser.</li>
  72 <li>Added bluetooth tools to the default desktop (bluedevil, blueman).</li>
  73 <li>Added tools for sharing the desktop on KDE (krdc, krfb).</li>
  74 <li>Added valgrind to the default installation for easier debugging of
  75    crash bugs.</li>
  76
  77 </ul>
  78
  79 <p><strong>Other changes</strong></p>
  80
  81 <ul>
  82
  83 <li>Fixed artwork package to work with gnome, no longer break
  84    desktop=gnome installations.</li>
  85 <li>Adjusted installer to now work when forced to use a proxy with the
  86    netinst CD.</li>
  87 <li>Fixed code detecting and setting/loading hardware specific
  88    setup/firmware to work more robust out of the box.</li>
  89 <li>Adjusted Kerberos setup to detect realm and server settings at
  90    install time instead of dynamically at run time. This avoid a crash
  91    with krb5-auth-dialog on diskless workstations without a DNS name.</li>
  92 <li>Worked around misfeature in network-manager not calling the dhclient
  93    exit hooks, causing automatic proxy configuration and automatic host
  94    name setting at run time to work again.</li>
  95 <li>Fixed feature setting the default Iceweasel start page from URL
  96    fetched from LDAP, to allow schools to set the global default by
  97    updating the dc=skole,dc=skolelinux,dc=no LDAP object.</li>
  98 <li>Changed default host name on all networked machines to be unique
  99    (generated from MAC or reverse DNS) after boot.</li>
 100 <li>Adjusted partition sizes to make sure they are big enough.</li>
 101
 102 </ul>
 103
 104 <p><strong>Known issues</strong></p>
 105
 106 <ul>
 107
 108 <li>Grub is missing the new artwork.</li>
 109 <li>KDE fail to understand the wpad.dat file provided, causing it to
 110     not use the http proxy as it should.</li>
 111 <li>Chromium also fail to use the proxy.</li>
 112
 113 </ul>
 114
 115 <p><strong>Where to get it</strong></p>
 116
 117 <p>To download the multiarch netinstall CD release you can use</p>
 118
 119 <ul>
 120
 121 <li><a href="ftp://ftp.skolelinux.org/skolelinux-cd/wheezy/debian-edu-7.1+edu0~b0-CD.iso">ftp://ftp.skolelinux.org/skolelinux-cd/wheezy/debian-edu-7.1+edu0~b0-CD.iso</a></li>
 122
 123 <li><a href="http://ftp.skolelinux.org/skolelinux-cd/wheezy/debian-edu-7.1+edu0~b0-CD.iso">http://ftp.skolelinux.org/skolelinux-cd/wheezy/debian-edu-7.1+edu0~b0-CD.iso</a></li>
 124
 125 <li>rsync -avzP ftp.skolelinux.org::skolelinux-cd/wheezy/debian-edu-7.1+edu0~b0-CD.iso .</li>
 126
 127 </ul>
 128
 129 <p>The MD5SUM of this image is: 55d5de9765b6dccd5d9ec33cf1a07109
 130 <br>The SHA1SUM of this image is: 996a1d9517740e4d627d100de2d12b23dd545a3f</p>
 131
 132 <p>To download the multiarch USB stick ISO release you can use</p>
 133
 134 <ul>
 135
 136 <li><a href="ftp://ftp.skolelinux.org/skolelinux-cd/wheezy/debian-edu-7.1+edu0~b0-USB.iso">ftp://ftp.skolelinux.org/skolelinux-cd/wheezy/debian-edu-7.1+edu0~b0-USB.iso</a></li>
 137 <li><a href="http://ftp.skolelinux.org/skolelinux-cd/wheezy/debian-edu-7.1+edu0~b0-USB.iso">http://ftp.skolelinux.org/skolelinux-cd/wheezy/debian-edu-7.1+edu0~b0-USB.iso</a></li>
 138 <li>rsync -avzP ftp.skolelinux.org::skolelinux-cd/wheezy/debian-edu-7.1+edu0~b0-USB.iso .</li>
 139
 140 </ul>
 141
 142 <p>The MD5SUM of this image is: d8f0818c51a78d357de794066f289f69
 143 <br>The SHA1SUM of this image is: 49185ca354e8d0543240423746924f76a6cee733</p>
 144
 145
 146 <p><strong>How to report bugs</strong></p>
 147
 148 <p><a href="http://wiki.debian.org/DebianEdu/HowTo/ReportBugs">http://wiki.debian.org/DebianEdu/HowTo/ReportBugs</a>
 149 </div>
 150       <div class="tags">
 151
 152
 153         Tags: <a href="http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/tags/debian edu">debian edu</a>, <a href="http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/tags/english">english</a>.
 154
 155
 156       </div>
 157     </div>
 158     <div class="padding"></div>
 159
 160     <div class="entry">
 161       <div class="title"><a href="http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/How_to_fix_a_Thinkpad_X230_with_a_broken_180_GB_SSD_disk.html">How to fix a Thinkpad X230 with a broken 180 GB SSD disk</a></div>
 162       <div class="date">17th July 2013</div>
 163       <div class="body"><p>Today I switched to
 164 <a href="http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/The_Thinkpad_is_dead__long_live_the_Thinkpad_X230_.html">my
 165 new laptop</a>.  I've previously written about the problems I had with
 166 my new Thinkpad X230, which was delivered with an
 167 <a href="http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/Intel_SSD_520_Series_180_GB_with_Lenovo_firmware_still_lock_up_from_sustained_writes.html">180
 168 GB Intel SSD disk with Lenovo firmware</a> that did not handle
 169 sustained writes.  My hardware supplier have been very forthcoming in
 170 trying to find a solution, and after first trying with another
 171 identical 180 GB disks they decided to send me a 256 GB Samsung SSD
 172 disk instead to fix it once and for all.  The Samsung disk survived
 173 the installation of Debian with encrypted disks (filling the disk with
 174 random data during installation killed the first two), and I thus
 175 decided to trust it with my data.  I have installed it as a Debian Edu
 176 Wheezy roaming workstation hooked up with my Debian Edu Squeeze main
 177 server at home using Kerberos and LDAP, and will use it as my work
 178 station from now on.</p>
 179
 180 <p>As this is a solid state disk with no moving parts, I believe the
 181 Debian Wheezy default installation need to be tuned a bit to increase
 182 performance and increase life time of the disk.  The Linux kernel and
 183 user space applications do not yet adjust automatically to such
 184 environment.  To make it easier for my self, I created a draft Debian
 185 package <tt>ssd-setup</tt> to handle this tuning.  The
 186 <a href="http://anonscm.debian.org/gitweb/?p=collab-maint/ssd-setup.git">source
 187 for the ssd-setup package</a> is available from collab-maint, and it
 188 is set up to adjust the setup of the machine by just installing the
 189 package.  If there is any non-SSD disk in the machine, the package
 190 will refuse to install, as I did not try to write any logic to sort
 191 file systems in SSD and non-SSD file systems.</p>
 192
 193 <p>I consider the package a draft, as I am a bit unsure how to best
 194 set up Debian Wheezy with an SSD.  It is adjusted to my use case,
 195 where I set up the machine with one large encrypted partition (in
 196 addition to /boot), put LVM on top of this and set up partitions on
 197 top of this again.  See the README file in the package source for the
 198 references I used to pick the settings.  At the moment these
 199 parameters are tuned:</p>
 200
 201 <ul>
 202
 203 <li>Set up cryptsetup to pass TRIM commands to the physical disk
 204     (adding discard to /etc/crypttab)</li>
 205
 206 <li>Set up LVM to pass on TRIM commands to the underlying device (in
 207     this case a cryptsetup partition) by changing issue_discards from
 208     0 to 1 in /etc/lvm/lvm.conf.</li>
 209
 210 <li>Set relatime as a file system option for ext3 and ext4 file
 211     systems.</li>
 212
 213 <li>Tell swap to use TRIM commands by adding 'discard' to
 214     /etc/fstab.</li>
 215
 216 <li>Change I/O scheduler from cfq to deadline using a udev rule.</li>
 217
 218 <li>Run fstrim on every ext3 and ext4 file system every night (from
 219     cron.daily).</li>
 220
 221 <li>Adjust sysctl values vm.swappiness to 1 and vm.vfs_cache_pressure
 222     to 50 to reduce the kernel eagerness to swap out processes.</li>
 223
 224 </ul>
 225
 226 <p>During installation, I cancelled the part where the installer fill
 227 the disk with random data, as this would kill the SSD performance for
 228 little gain.  My goal with the encrypted file system is to ensure
 229 those stealing my laptop end up with a brick and not a working
 230 computer.  I have no hope in keeping the really resourceful people
 231 from getting the data on the disk (see
 232 <a href="http://xkcd.com/538/">XKCD #538</a> for an explanation why).
 233 Thus I concluded that adding the discard option to crypttab is the
 234 right thing to do.</p>
 235
 236 <p>I considered using the noop I/O scheduler, as several recommended
 237 it for SSD, but others recommended deadline and a benchmark I found
 238 indicated that deadline might be better for interactive use.</p>
 239
 240 <p>I also considered using the 'discard' file system option for ext3
 241 and ext4, but read that it would give a performance hit ever time a
 242 file is removed, and thought it best to that that slowdown once a day
 243 instead of during my work.</p>
 244
 245 <p>My package do not set up tmpfs on /var/run, /var/lock and /tmp, as
 246 this is already done by Debian Edu.</p>
 247
 248 <p>I have not yet started on the user space tuning.  I expect
 249 iceweasel need some tuning, and perhaps other applications too, but
 250 have not yet had time to investigate those parts.</p>
 251
 252 <p>The package should work on Ubuntu too, but I have not yet tested it
 253 there.</p>
 254
 255 <p>As for the answer to the question in the title of this blog post,
 256 as far as I know, the only solution I know about is to replace the
 257 disk.  It might be possible to flash it with Intel firmware instead of
 258 the Lenovo firmware.  But I have not tried and did not want to do so
 259 without approval from Lenovo as I wanted to keep the warranty on the
 260 disk until a solution was found and they wanted the broken disks
 261 back.</p>
 262 </div>
 263       <div class="tags">
 264
 265
 266         Tags: <a href="http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/tags/debian">debian</a>, <a href="http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/tags/english">english</a>.
 267
 268
 269       </div>
 270     </div>
 271     <div class="padding"></div>
 272
 273     <div class="entry">
 274       <div class="title"><a href="http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/Intel_SSD_520_Series_180_GB_with_Lenovo_firmware_still_lock_up_from_sustained_writes.html">Intel SSD 520 Series 180 GB with Lenovo firmware still lock up from sustained writes</a></div>
 275       <div class="date">10th July 2013</div>
 276       <div class="body"><p>A few days ago, I wrote about
 277 <a href="http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/The_Thinkpad_is_dead__long_live_the_Thinkpad_X230_.html">the
 278 problems I experienced with my new X230 and its SSD disk</a>, which
 279 was dying during installation because it is unable to cope with
 280 sustained write.  My supplier is in contact with
 281 <a href="http://www.lenovo.com/">Lenovo</a>, and they wanted to send a
 282 replacement disk to try to fix the problem.  They decided to send an
 283 identical model, so my hopes for a permanent fix was slim.</p>
 284
 285 <p>Anyway, today I got the replacement disk and tried to install
 286 Debian Edu Wheezy with encrypted disk on it.  The new disk have the
 287 same firmware version as the original.  This time my hope raised
 288 slightly as the installation progressed, as the original disk used to
 289 die after 4-7% of the disk was written to, while this time it kept
 290 going past 10%, 20%, 40% and even past 50%.  But around 60%, the disk
 291 died again and I was back on square one.  I still do not have a new
 292 laptop with a disk I can trust.  I can not live with a disk that might
 293 lock up when I download a new
 294 <a href="http://www.skolelinux.org/">Debian Edu / Skolelinux</a> ISO or
 295 other large files.  I look forward to hearing from my supplier with
 296 the next proposal from Lenovo.</p>
 297
 298 <p>The original disk is marked Intel SSD 520 Series 180 GB,
 299 11S0C38722Z1ZNME35X1TR, ISN: CVCV321407HB180EGN, SA: G57560302, FW:
 300 LF1i, 29MAY2013, PBA: G39779-300, LBA 351,651,888, LI P/N: 0C38722,
 301 Pb-free 2LI, LC P/N: 16-200366, WWN: 55CD2E40002756C4, Model:
 302 SSDSC2BW180A3L 2.5" 6Gb/s SATA SSD 180G 5V 1A, ASM P/N 0C38732, FRU
 303 P/N 45N8295, P0C38732.</p>
 304
 305 <p>The replacement disk is marked Intel SSD 520 Series 180 GB,
 306 11S0C38722Z1ZNDE34N0L0, ISN: CVCV315306RK180EGN, SA: G57560-302, FW:
 307 LF1i, 22APR2013, PBA: G39779-300, LBA 351,651,888, LI P/N: 0C38722,
 308 Pb-free 2LI, LC P/N: 16-200366, WWN: 55CD2E40000AB69E, Model:
 309 SSDSC2BW180A3L 2.5" 6Gb/s SATA SSD 180G 5V 1A, ASM P/N 0C38732, FRU
 310 P/N 45N8295, P0C38732.</p>
 311
 312 <p>The only difference is in the first number (serial number?), ISN,
 313 SA, date and WNPP values.  Mentioning all the details here in case
 314 someone is able to use the information to find a way to identify the
 315 failing disk among working ones (if any such working disk actually
 316 exist).</p>
 317 </div>
 318       <div class="tags">
 319
 320
 321         Tags: <a href="http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/tags/debian">debian</a>, <a href="http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/tags/english">english</a>.
 322
 323
 324       </div>
 325     </div>
 326     <div class="padding"></div>
 327
 328     <div class="entry">
 329       <div class="title"><a href="http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/July_13th__Debian_Ubuntu_BSP_and_Skolelinux_Debian_Edu_developer_gathering_in_Oslo.html">July 13th: Debian/Ubuntu BSP and Skolelinux/Debian Edu developer gathering in Oslo</a></div>
 330       <div class="date"> 9th July 2013</div>
 331       <div class="body"><p>The upcoming Saturday, 2013-07-13, we are organising a combined
 332 Debian Edu developer gathering and Debian and Ubuntu bug squashing
 333 party in Oslo.  It is organised by <a href="http://www.nuug.no/">the
 334 member assosiation NUUG</a> and
 335 <a href="http://www.skolelinux.org/">the Debian Edu / Skolelinux
 336 project</a> together with <a href="http://bitraf.no/">the hack space
 337 Bitraf</a>.</p>
 338
 339 <p>It starts 10:00 and continue until late evening.  Everyone is
 340 welcome, and there is no fee to participate.  There is on the other
 341 hand limited space, and only room for 30 people.  Please put your name
 342 on <a href="http://wiki.debian.org/BSP/2013/07/13/no/Oslo">the event
 343 wiki page</a> if you plan to join us.</p>
 344 </div>
 345       <div class="tags">
 346
 347
 348         Tags: <a href="http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/tags/debian">debian</a>, <a href="http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/tags/debian edu">debian edu</a>, <a href="http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/tags/english">english</a>, <a href="http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/tags/nuug">nuug</a>.
 349
 350
 351       </div>
 352     </div>
 353     <div class="padding"></div>
 354
 355     <div class="entry">
 356       <div class="title"><a href="http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/The_Thinkpad_is_dead__long_live_the_Thinkpad_X230_.html">The Thinkpad is dead, long live the Thinkpad X230?</a></div>
 357       <div class="date"> 5th July 2013</div>
 358       <div class="body"><p>Half a year ago, I reported that I had to find a
 359 <a href="http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/Thank_you_Thinkpad_X41__for_your_long_and_trustworthy_service.html">replacement
 360 for my trusty old Thinkpad X41</a>.  Unfortunately I did not have much
 361 time to spend on it, and it took a while to find a model I believe
 362 will do the job, but two days ago the replacement finally arrived.  I
 363 ended up picking a
 364 <a href="http://www.linlap.com/lenovo_thinkpad_x230">Thinkpad X230</a>
 365 with SSD disk (NZDAJMN).  I first test installed Debian Edu Wheezy as
 366 a roaming workstation, and it seemed to work flawlessly.  But my
 367 second installation with encrypted disk was not as successful.  More
 368 on that below.</p>
 369
 370 <p>I had a hard time trying to track down a good laptop, as my most
 371 important requirements (robust and with a good keyboard) are never
 372 listed in the feature list.  But I did get good help from the search
 373 feature at <a href="http://www.prisjakt.no/">Prisjakt</a>, which
 374 allowed me to limit the list of interesting laptops based on my other
 375 requirements.  A bit surprising that SSD disk are not disks according
 376 to that search interface, so I had to drop specifying the number of
 377 disks from my search parameters.  I also asked around among friends to
 378 get their impression on keyboards and robustness.</p>
 379
 380 <p>So the new laptop arrived, and it is quite a lot wider than the
 381 X41.  I am not quite convinced about the keyboard, as it is
 382 significantly wider than my old keyboard, and I have to stretch my
 383 hand a lot more to reach the edges.  But the key response is fairly
 384 good and the individual key shape is fairly easy to handle, so I hope
 385 I will get used to it.  My old X40 was starting to fail, and I really
 386 needed a new laptop now. :)</p>
 387
 388 <p>Turning off the touch pad was simple.  All it took was a quick
 389 visit to the BIOS during boot it disable it.</p>
 390
 391 <p>But there is a fatal problem with the laptop.  The 180 GB SSD disk
 392 lock up during load.  And this happen when installing Debian Wheezy
 393 with encrypted disk, while the disk is being filled with random data.
 394 I also tested to install Ubuntu Raring, and it happen there too if I
 395 reenable the code to fill the disk with random data (it is disabled by
 396 default in Ubuntu).  And the bug with is already known.  It was
 397 reported to Debian as <a href="http://bugs.debian.org/691427">BTS
 398 report #691427 2012-10-25</a> (journal commit I/O error on brand-new
 399 Thinkpad T430s ext4 on lvm on SSD).  It is also reported to the Linux
 400 kernel developers as
 401 <a href="https://bugzilla.kernel.org/show_bug.cgi?id=51861">Kernel bugzilla
 402 report #51861 2012-12-20</a> (Intel SSD 520 stops working under load
 403 (SSDSC2BW180A3L in Lenovo ThinkPad T430s)). It is also reported on the
 404 Lenovo forums, both for
 405 <a href="http://forums.lenovo.com/t5/T400-T500-and-newer-T-series/T430s-Intel-SSD-520-180GB-issue/m-p/1070549">T430
 406 2012-11-10</a> and for
 407 <a href="http://forums.lenovo.com/t5/X-Series-ThinkPad-Laptops/x230-SATA-errors-with-180GB-Intel-520-SSD-under-heavy-write-load/m-p/1068147">X230
 408 03-20-2013</a>.  The problem do not only affect installation.  The
 409 reports state that the disk lock up during use if many writes are done
 410 on the disk, so it is much no use to work around the installation
 411 problem and end up with a computer that can lock up at any moment.
 412 There is even a
 413 <a href="https://git.efficios.com/?p=test-ssd.git">small C program
 414 available</a> that will lock up the hard drive after running a few
 415 minutes by writing to a file.</p>
 416
 417 <p>I've contacted my supplier and asked how to handle this, and after
 418 contacting PCHELP Norway (request 01D1FDP) which handle support
 419 requests for Lenovo, his first suggestion was to upgrade the disk
 420 firmware.  Unfortunately there is no newer firmware available from
 421 Lenovo, as my disk already have the most recent one (version LF1i).  I
 422 hope to hear more from him today and hope the problem can be
 423 fixed. :)</p>
 424 </div>
 425       <div class="tags">
 426
 427
 428         Tags: <a href="http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/tags/debian">debian</a>, <a href="http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/tags/english">english</a>.
 429
 430
 431       </div>
 432     </div>
 433     <div class="padding"></div>
 434
 435     <div class="entry">
 436       <div class="title"><a href="http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/The_Thinkpad_is_dead__long_live_the_Thinkpad_X230.html">The Thinkpad is dead, long live the Thinkpad X230</a></div>
 437       <div class="date"> 4th July 2013</div>
 438       <div class="body"><p>Half a year ago, I reported that I had to find a replacement for my
 439 trusty old Thinkpad X41.  Unfortunately I did not have much time to
 440 spend on it, but today the replacement finally arrived.  I ended up
 441 picking a <a href="http://www.linlap.com/lenovo_thinkpad_x230">Thinkpad
 442 X230</a> with SSD disk (NZDAJMN).  I first test installed Debian Edu
 443 Wheezy as a roaming workstation, and it worked flawlessly.  As I write
 444 this, it is installing what I hope will be a more final installation,
 445 with a encrypted hard drive to ensure any dope head stealing it end up
 446 with an expencive door stop.</p>
 447
 448 <p>I had a hard time trying to track down a good laptop, as my most
 449 important requirements (robust and with a good keyboard) are never
 450 listed in the feature list.  But I did get good help from the search
 451 feature at <ahref="http://www.prisjakt.no/">Prisjakt</a>, which
 452 allowed me to limit the list of interesting laptops based on my other
 453 requirements.  A bit surprising that SSD disk are not disks, so I had
 454 to drop number of disks from my search parameters.</p>
 455
 456 <p>I am not quite convinced about the keyboard, as it is significantly
 457 wider than my old keyboard, and I have to stretch my hand a lot more
 458 to reach the edges.  But the key response is fairly good and the
 459 individual key shape is fairly easy to handle, so I hope I will get
 460 used to it.  My old X40 was starting to fail, and I really needed a
 461 new laptop now. :)</p>
 462
 463 <p>I look forward to figuring out how to turn off the touch pad.</p>
 464 </div>
 465       <div class="tags">
 466
 467
 468         Tags: <a href="http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/tags/debian">debian</a>, <a href="http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/tags/english">english</a>.
 469
 470
 471       </div>
 472     </div>
 473     <div class="padding"></div>
 474
 475     <div class="entry">
 476       <div class="title"><a href="http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/Fourth_alpha_release_of_Debian_Edu_Skolelinux_based_on_Debian_Wheezy.html">Fourth alpha release of Debian Edu/Skolelinux based on Debian Wheezy</a></div>
 477       <div class="date"> 3rd July 2013</div>
 478       <div class="body"><p>The fourth wheezy based alpha release of Debian Edu was wrapped up
 479 today.  This is the release announcement:</p>
 480
 481 <p><strong>New features for Debian Edu 7.1+edu0~alpha3 released
 482 2013-07-03</strong></p>
 483
 484 <p>These are the release notes for for Debian Edu / Skolelinux
 485 7.1+edu0~alpha3, based on Debian with codename "Wheezy".</p>
 486
 487 <p><strong>About Debian Edu and Skolelinux</strong></p>
 488
 489 <p><a href="http://www.skolelinux.org/">Debian Edu, also known as
 490 Skolelinux</a>, is a Linux distribution based on Debian providing an
 491 out-of-the box environment of a completely configured school
 492 network. Immediately after installation a school server running all
 493 services needed for a school network is set up just waiting for users
 494 and machines being added via GOsa², a comfortable Web-UI. A netbooting
 495 environment is prepared using PXE, so after initial installation of
 496 the main server from CD, DVD or USB stick all other machines can be
 497 installed via the network. The provided school server provides LDAP
 498 database and Kerberos authentication service, centralized home
 499 directories, DHCP server, web proxy and many other services. The
 500 desktop contains
 501 <a href="http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/Educational_applications_included_in_Debian_Edu___Skolelinux__the_screenshot_collection____.html">more
 502 than 60 educational software packages</a> and more are available from
 503 the Debian archive, and schools can choose between KDE, Gnome, LXDE
 504 and Xfce desktop environment.</p>
 505
 506 <p>This is the fourth test release based on Debian Wheezy. Basically
 507 this is an updated and slightly improved version compared to the
 508 Squeeze release.</p>
 509
 510 <p><strong>Software updates</strong></p>
 511 <ul>
 512   <li>Dropped ispell dictionaries from our default installation.</li>
 513   <li>Dropped menu-xdg from the KDE desktop option, to drop the Debian
 514     submenu.  It was not included with Gnome, LXDE or Xfce, so this
 515     brings KDE in line with the others.</li>
 516   <li>Dropped xdrawchem, xjig and xsok from our default installation as
 517     they don't have a desktop menu entry and thus won't show up in the
 518     menu now that menu-xdg was removed.</li>
 519   <li>Removed the killer system to kill left behind processes on
 520     multi-user machines, as it was no longer able to understand when a
 521     X display was in use and killed the processes of the active users
 522     too.</li>
 523   <li>Dropped the golearn (from goplay) package as the debtags in wheezy
 524     are too few to make the package useful.</li>
 525 </ul>
 526 <p><strong>Other changes</strong></p>
 527 <ul>
 528   <li>Updated artwork matching http://wiki.debian.org/DebianArt/Themes/Joy
 529   <li>Multi-arch i386/amd64 USB stick ISO available.</li>
 530   <li>Got rid of ispell/wordlist related debconf questions that showed
 531     up for some language options.</li>
 532   <li>Switched to using http.debian.net as APT source by default.</li>
 533   <li>Fixed proxy configuration on Main Server installations.</li>
 534   <li>Changed LTSP setup to ask dpkg to use force-unsafe-io the same way
 535     d-i is doing it.</li>
 536   <li>Made sure root and user passwords were not left behind in the
 537     debconf database after installation on Main Server installations.</li>
 538   <li>Made Roaming Workstation dynamic setup more robust and added draft
 539     script setup-ad-client to hook a Roaming Workstation up to a
 540     Active Directory server instead of a Debian Edu Main Server.</li>
 541   <li>Update system to install needed firmware packages during
 542     installation, to work properly in Wheezy.</li>
 543   <li>Update system to handle hardware quirks (debian-edu-hwsetup).</li>
 544   <li>Corrected PXE installation setup to properly pass selected desktop
 545     and keymap settings to PXE installation clients.</li>
 546   <li>LTSP diskless workstations use sshfs by default, allowing them to
 547     work without adding them to DNS and NIS netgroups for NFS access.</li>
 548 </ul>
 549 <p><strong>Known issues</strong></p>
 550 <ul>
 551   <li>No mass import of user account data in GOsa (ldif or csv)
 552     available yet (698840).</li>
 553   <li>Artwork not enabled for all desktops.</li>
 554 </ul>
 555 <p><strong>Where to get it</strong></p>
 556
 557 <p>To download the multiarch netinstall CD release you can use</p>
 558 <ul>
 559   <li><a href="ftp://ftp.skolelinux.org/skolelinux-cd/wheezy/debian-edu-7.1+edu0~a3-CD.iso">ftp://ftp.skolelinux.org/skolelinux-cd/wheezy/debian-edu-7.1+edu0~a3-CD.iso</a></li>
 560   <li><a href="http://ftp.skolelinux.org/skolelinux-cd/wheezy/debian-edu-7.1+edu0~a3-CD.iso">http://ftp.skolelinux.org/skolelinux-cd/wheezy/debian-edu-7.1+edu0~a3-CD.iso</a></li>
 561   <li>rsync -avzP ftp.skolelinux.org::skolelinux-cd/wheezy/debian-edu-7.1+edu0~a3-CD.iso .</li>
 562 </ul>
 563
 564 <p>The MD5SUM of this image is: 2b161a99d2a848c376d8d04e3854e30c
 565 <br>The SHA1SUM of this image is: 498922e9c508c0a7ee9dbe1dfe5bf830d779c3c8</p>
 566
 567 <p>To download the multiarch USB stick ISO release you can use</p>
 568 <ul>
 569   <li><a href="ftp://ftp.skolelinux.org/skolelinux-cd/wheezy/debian-edu-7.1+edu0~a3-USB.iso">ftp://ftp.skolelinux.org/skolelinux-cd/wheezy/debian-edu-7.1+edu0~a3-USB.iso</a></li>
 570   <li><a href="http://ftp.skolelinux.org/skolelinux-cd/wheezy/debian-edu-7.1+edu0~a3-USB.iso">http://ftp.skolelinux.org/skolelinux-cd/wheezy/debian-edu-7.1+edu0~a3-USB.iso</a></li>
 571   <li>rsync -avzP ftp.skolelinux.org::skolelinux-cd/wheezy/debian-edu-7.1+edu0~a3-USB.iso .</li>
 572 </ul>
 573
 574 <p>The MD5SUM of this image is: 25e808e403a4c15dbef1d13c37d572ac
 575 <br>The SHA1SUM of this image is: 15ecfc93eb6b4f453b7eb0bc04b6a279262d9721</p>
 576
 577 <p><strong>How to report bugs</strong></p>
 578
 579 <p><a href="http://wiki.debian.org/DebianEdu/HowTo/ReportBugs">http://wiki.debian.org/DebianEdu/HowTo/ReportBugs</a></p>
 580 </div>
 581       <div class="tags">
 582
 583
 584         Tags: <a href="http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/tags/debian edu">debian edu</a>, <a href="http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/tags/english">english</a>.
 585
 586
 587       </div>
 588     </div>
 589     <div class="padding"></div>
 590
 591     <div class="entry">
 592       <div class="title"><a href="http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/Automatically_locate_and_install_required_firmware_packages_on_Debian__Isenkram_0_4_.html">Automatically locate and install required firmware packages on Debian (Isenkram 0.4)</a></div>
 593       <div class="date">25th June 2013</div>
 594       <div class="body"><p>It annoys me when the computer fail to do automatically what it is
 595 perfectly capable of, and I have to do it manually to get things
 596 working.  One such task is to find out what firmware packages are
 597 needed to get the hardware on my computer working.  Most often this
 598 affect the wifi card, but some times it even affect the RAID
 599 controller or the ethernet card.  Today I pushed version 0.4 of the
 600 <a href="http://packages.qa.debian.org/isenkram">Isenkram package</a>
 601 including a new script isenkram-autoinstall-firmware handling the
 602 process of asking all the loaded kernel modules what firmware files
 603 they want, find debian packages providing these files and install the
 604 debian packages.  Here is a test run on my laptop:</p>
 605
 606 <p><pre>
 607 # isenkram-autoinstall-firmware
 608 info: kernel drivers requested extra firmware: ipw2200-bss.fw ipw2200-ibss.fw ipw2200-sniffer.fw
 609 info: fetching http://http.debian.net/debian/dists/squeeze/Contents-i386.gz
 610 info: locating packages with the requested firmware files
 611 info: Updating APT sources after adding non-free APT source
 612 info: trying to install firmware-ipw2x00
 613 firmware-ipw2x00
 614 firmware-ipw2x00
 615 Preconfiguring packages ...
 616 Selecting previously deselected package firmware-ipw2x00.
 617 (Reading database ... 259727 files and directories currently installed.)
 618 Unpacking firmware-ipw2x00 (from .../firmware-ipw2x00_0.28+squeeze1_all.deb) ...
 619 Setting up firmware-ipw2x00 (0.28+squeeze1) ...
 620 #
 621 </pre></p>
 622
 623 <p>When all the requested firmware is present, a simple message is
 624 printed instead:</p>
 625
 626 <p><pre>
 627 # isenkram-autoinstall-firmware
 628 info: did not find any firmware files requested by loaded kernel modules.  exiting
 629 #
 630 </pre></p>
 631
 632 <p>It could use some polish, but it is already working well and saving
 633 me some time when setting up new machines. :)</p>
 634
 635 <p>So, how does it work?  It look at the set of currently loaded
 636 kernel modules, and look up each one of them using modinfo, to find
 637 the firmware files listed in the module meta-information.  Next, it
 638 download the Contents file from a nearby APT mirror, and search for
 639 the firmware files in this file to locate the package with the
 640 requested firmware file.  If the package is in the non-free section, a
 641 non-free APT source is added and the package is installed using
 642 <tt>apt-get install</tt>.  The end result is a slightly better working
 643 machine.</p>
 644
 645 <p>I hope someone find time to implement a more polished version of
 646 this script as part of the hw-detect debian-installer module, to
 647 finally fix <a href="http://bugs.debian.org/655507">BTS report
 648 #655507</a>.  There really is no need to insert USB sticks with
 649 firmware during a PXE install when the packages already are available
 650 from the nearby Debian mirror.</p>
 651 </div>
 652       <div class="tags">
 653
 654
 655         Tags: <a href="http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/tags/debian">debian</a>, <a href="http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/tags/english">english</a>, <a href="http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/tags/isenkram">isenkram</a>.
 656
 657
 658       </div>
 659     </div>
 660     <div class="padding"></div>
 661
 662     <div class="entry">
 663       <div class="title"><a href="http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/The_value_of_a_good_distro_wide_test_suite___.html">The value of a good distro wide test suite...</a></div>
 664       <div class="date">22nd June 2013</div>
 665       <div class="body"><p>In the <a href="http://www.skolelinux.org/">Debian Edu /
 666 Skolelinux</a> project, we include a post-installation test suite,
 667 which check that services are running, working, and return the
 668 expected results.  It runs automatically just after the first boot on
 669 test installations (using test ISOs), but not on production
 670 installations (using non-test ISOs).  It test that the LDAP service is
 671 operating, Kerberos is responding, DNS is replying, file systems are
 672 online resizable, etc, etc.  And it check that the PXE service is
 673 configured, which is the topic of this post.</p>
 674
 675 <p>The last week I've fixed the DVD and USB stick ISOs for our Debian
 676 Edu Wheezy release.  These ISOs are supposed to be able to install a
 677 complete system without any Internet connection, but for that to
 678 happen all the needed packages need to be on them.  Thanks to our test
 679 suite, I discovered that we had forgotten to adjust our PXE setup to
 680 cope with the new names and paths used by the netboot d-i packages.
 681 When Internet connectivity was available, the installer fall back to
 682 using wget to fetch d-i boot images, but when offline it require
 683 working packages to get it working.  And the packages changed name
 684 from debian-installer-6.0-netboot-$arch to
 685 debian-installer-7.0-netboot-$arch, we no longer pulled in the
 686 packages during installation.  Without our test suite, I suspect we
 687 would never have discovered this before release.  Now it is fixed
 688 right after we got the ISOs operational.</p>
 689
 690 <p>Another by-product of the test suite is that we can ask system
 691 administrators with problems getting Debian Edu to work, to run the
 692 test suite using <tt>/usr/sbin/debian-edu-test-install</tt> and see if
 693 any errors are detected.  This usually pinpoint the subsystem causing
 694 the problem.</p>
 695
 696 <p>If you want to help us help kids learn how to share and create,
 697 please join us on
 698 <a href="irc://irc.debian.org/%23debian-edu">#debian-edu on
 699 irc.debian.org</a> and the
 700 <a href="http://lists.debian.org/debian-edu/">debian-edu@</a> mailing
 701 list.</p>
 702 </div>
 703       <div class="tags">
 704
 705
 706         Tags: <a href="http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/tags/debian edu">debian edu</a>, <a href="http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/tags/english">english</a>.
 707
 708
 709       </div>
 710     </div>
 711     <div class="padding"></div>
 712
 713     <div class="entry">
 714       <div class="title"><a href="http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/Debian_Edu_interview__Victor_Ni_u.html">Debian Edu interview: Victor Nițu</a></div>
 715       <div class="date">17th June 2013</div>
 716       <div class="body"><p>The <a href="http://www.skolelinux.org/">Debian Edu and
 717 Skolelinux</a> distribution have users and contributors all around the
 718 globe.  And a while back, an enterprising young man showed up on
 719 <a href="irc://irc.debian.org/%23debian-edu">our IRC channel
 720 #debian-edu</a> and started asking questions about how Debian Edu
 721 worked.  We answered as good as we could, and even convinced him to
 722 help us with translations.  And today I managed to get an interview
 723 with him, to learn more about him.</p>
 724
 725 <p><strong>Who are you, and how do you spend your days?</strong></p>
 726
 727 <p>I'm a 25 year old free software enthusiast, living in Romania,
 728 which is also my country of origin. Back in 2009, at a New Year's Eve
 729 party, I had a very nice <strike>beer</strike> discussion with a
 730 friend, when we realized we have no organised Debian community in our
 731 country. A few days later, we put together the infrastructure for such
 732 community and even gathered a nice Debian-ish crowd. Since then, I
 733 began my quest as a free software hacker and activist and I am
 734 constantly trying to cover as much ground as possible on that
 735 field.</p>
 736
 737 <p>A few years ago I founded a small web development company, which
 738 provided me the flexible schedule I needed so much for my
 739 activities. For the last 13 months, I have been the Technical Director
 740 of <a href="http://ceata.org/">Fundația Ceata</a>, which is a free
 741 software activist organisation endorsed by the FSF and the FSFE, and
 742 the only one we have in our country.</p>
 743
 744 <p><strong>How did you get in contact with the Skolelinux / Debian Edu
 745 project?</strong></p>
 746
 747 <p>The idea of participating in the Debian Edu project was a surprise
 748 even to me, since I never used it before I began getting involved in
 749 it. This year I had a great opportunity to deliver a talk on
 750 educational software, and I knew immediately where to look. It was a
 751 love at first sight, since I was previously involved with some of the
 752 technologies the project incorporates, and I rapidly found a lot of
 753 ways to contribute.</p>
 754
 755 <p>My first contributions consisted in translating the installer and
 756 configuration dialogs, then I found some bugs to squash (I still
 757 haven't fixed them yet though), and I even got my eyes on some other
 758 areas where I can prove myself helpful. Since the appetite for free
 759 software in my country is pretty low, I'll be happy to be the first
 760 one around here advocating for the project's adoption in educational
 761 environments, and maybe even get my hands dirty in creating a flavour
 762 for our own needs. I am not used to make very advanced plannings, so
 763 from now on, time will tell what I'll be doing next, but I think I
 764 have a pretty consistent starting point.</p>
 765
 766 <p><strong>What do you see as the advantages of Skolelinux/Debian
 767 Edu?</strong></p>
 768
 769 <p>Not a long time ago, I was in the position of configuring and
 770 maintaining a LDAP server on some Debian derivative, and I must say it
 771 took me a while. A long time ago, I was maintaining a bigger
 772 Samba-powered infrastructure, and I must say I spent quite a lot of
 773 time on it. I have similar stories about many of the services included
 774 with Skolelinux, and the main advantage I see about it is the
 775 out-of-the box availability of them, making it quite competitive when
 776 it comes to managing a school's network, for example.</p>
 777
 778 <p>Of course, there is more to say about Skolelinux than the
 779 availability of the software included, its flexibility in various
 780 scenarios is something I can't wait to experiment "into the wild" (I
 781 only played with virtual machines so far). And I am sure there is a
 782 lot more I haven't discovered yet about it, being so new within the
 783 project.</p>
 784
 785 <p><strong>What do you see as the disadvantages of Skolelinux / Debian
 786 Edu?</strong></p>
 787
 788 <p>As usual, when it comes to Debian Blends, I see as the biggest
 789 disadvantage the lack of a numerous team dedicated to the
 790 project. Every day I see the same names in the changelogs, and I have
 791 a constantly fear of the bus factor in this story.  I'd like to see
 792 Debian Edu advertised more as an entry point into the Debian
 793 ecosystem, especially amongst newcomers and students. IMHO there are a
 794 lot low-hanging fruits in terms of bug squashing, and enough
 795 opportunities to get the feeling of the Debian Project's dynamics. Not
 796 to mention it's a very fun blend to work on!</p>
 797
 798 <p>Derived from the previous statement, is the delay in catching up
 799 with the main Debian release and documentation. This is common though
 800 to all blends and derivatives, but it's an issue we can all work
 801 on.</p>
 802
 803 <p><strong>Which free software do you use daily?</strong></p>
 804
 805 <p>I can hardly imagine myself spending a day without Vim, since my
 806 daily routine covers writing code and hacking configuration files. I
 807 am a fan of the Awesome window manager (but I also like the
 808 Enlightenment project a lot!),
 809 <a href="http://www.claws-mail.org/‎">Claws Mail</a> due to its ease of
 810 use and very configurable behaviour. Recently I fell in love with
 811 <a href="https://launchpad.net/redshift">Redshift</a>, which helps me
 812 get through the night without headaches. Of course, there is much more
 813 stuff in this bag, but I'll need a blog on my own for doing this!</p>
 814
 815 <p><strong>Which strategy do you believe is the right one to use to
 816 get schools to use free software?</strong></p>
 817
 818 <p>Well, on this field, I cannot do much more than experiment right
 819 now. So, being far from having a recipe for success, I can only assume
 820 that:</p>
 821
 822 <ul>
 823
 824 <li>schools would like to get rid of proprietary software</li>
 825
 826 <li>students will love the openness of the system, and will want to
 827     experiment with it - maybe we need to harvest the native curiosity
 828     of teenagers more?</li>
 829
 830 <li>there is no "right one" when it comes to strategies, but it would
 831     be useful to have some success stories published somewhere, so
 832     other can get some inspiration from them (I know I'd promote
 833     them!)</li>
 834
 835 <li>more active promotion - talks, conferences, even small school
 836     lectures can do magical things if they encounter at least one
 837     person interested. Who knows who that person might be? ;-)</li>
 838
 839 </ul>
 840
 841 <p>I also see some problems in getting Skolelinux into schools; for
 842 example, in our country we have a great deal of corruption issues, so
 843 it might be hard(er) to fight against proprietary solutions. Also,
 844 people who relied on commercial software for all their lives, would be
 845 very hard to convert against their will.</p>
 846 </div>
 847       <div class="tags">
 848
 849
 850         Tags: <a href="http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/tags/debian edu">debian edu</a>, <a href="http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/tags/english">english</a>, <a href="http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/tags/intervju">intervju</a>.
 851
 852
 853       </div>
 854     </div>
 855     <div class="padding"></div>
 856
 857     <p style="text-align: right;"><a href="index.rss"><img src="http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/xml.gif" alt="RSS feed" width="36" height="14" /></a></p>
 858     <div id="sidebar">
 859
 860
 861
 862 <h2>Archive</h2>
 863 <ul>
 864
 865 <li>2013
 866 <ul>
 867
 868 <li><a href="http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/archive/2013/01/">January (11)</a></li>
 869
 870 <li><a href="http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/archive/2013/02/">February (9)</a></li>
 871
 872 <li><a href="http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/archive/2013/03/">March (9)</a></li>
 873
 874 <li><a href="http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/archive/2013/04/">April (6)</a></li>
 875
 876 <li><a href="http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/archive/2013/05/">May (9)</a></li>
 877
 878 <li><a href="http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/archive/2013/06/">June (10)</a></li>
 879
 880 <li><a href="http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/archive/2013/07/">July (7)</a></li>
 881
 882 </ul></li>
 883
 884 <li>2012
 885 <ul>
 886
 887 <li><a href="http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/archive/2012/01/">January (7)</a></li>
 888
 889 <li><a href="http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/archive/2012/02/">February (10)</a></li>
 890
 891 <li><a href="http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/archive/2012/03/">March (17)</a></li>
 892
 893 <li><a href="http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/archive/2012/04/">April (12)</a></li>
 894
 895 <li><a href="http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/archive/2012/05/">May (12)</a></li>
 896
 897 <li><a href="http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/archive/2012/06/">June (20)</a></li>
 898
 899 <li><a href="http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/archive/2012/07/">July (17)</a></li>
 900
 901 <li><a href="http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/archive/2012/08/">August (6)</a></li>
 902
 903 <li><a href="http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/archive/2012/09/">September (9)</a></li>
 904
 905 <li><a href="http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/archive/2012/10/">October (17)</a></li>
 906
 907 <li><a href="http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/archive/2012/11/">November (10)</a></li>
 908
 909 <li><a href="http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/archive/2012/12/">December (7)</a></li>
 910
 911 </ul></li>
 912
 913 <li>2011
 914 <ul>
 915
 916 <li><a href="http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/archive/2011/01/">January (16)</a></li>
 917
 918 <li><a href="http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/archive/2011/02/">February (6)</a></li>
 919
 920 <li><a href="http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/archive/2011/03/">March (6)</a></li>
 921
 922 <li><a href="http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/archive/2011/04/">April (7)</a></li>
 923
 924 <li><a href="http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/archive/2011/05/">May (3)</a></li>
 925
 926 <li><a href="http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/archive/2011/06/">June (2)</a></li>
 927
 928 <li><a href="http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/archive/2011/07/">July (7)</a></li>
 929
 930 <li><a href="http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/archive/2011/08/">August (6)</a></li>
 931
 932 <li><a href="http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/archive/2011/09/">September (4)</a></li>
 933
 934 <li><a href="http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/archive/2011/10/">October (2)</a></li>
 935
 936 <li><a href="http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/archive/2011/11/">November (3)</a></li>
 937
 938 <li><a href="http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/archive/2011/12/">December (1)</a></li>
 939
 940 </ul></li>
 941
 942 <li>2010
 943 <ul>
 944
 945 <li><a href="http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/archive/2010/01/">January (2)</a></li>
 946
 947 <li><a href="http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/archive/2010/02/">February (1)</a></li>
 948
 949 <li><a href="http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/archive/2010/03/">March (3)</a></li>
 950
 951 <li><a href="http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/archive/2010/04/">April (3)</a></li>
 952
 953 <li><a href="http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/archive/2010/05/">May (9)</a></li>
 954
 955 <li><a href="http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/archive/2010/06/">June (14)</a></li>
 956
 957 <li><a href="http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/archive/2010/07/">July (12)</a></li>
 958
 959 <li><a href="http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/archive/2010/08/">August (13)</a></li>
 960
 961 <li><a href="http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/archive/2010/09/">September (7)</a></li>
 962
 963 <li><a href="http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/archive/2010/10/">October (9)</a></li>
 964
 965 <li><a href="http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/archive/2010/11/">November (13)</a></li>
 966
 967 <li><a href="http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/archive/2010/12/">December (12)</a></li>
 968
 969 </ul></li>
 970
 971 <li>2009
 972 <ul>
 973
 974 <li><a href="http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/archive/2009/01/">January (8)</a></li>
 975
 976 <li><a href="http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/archive/2009/02/">February (8)</a></li>
 977
 978 <li><a href="http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/archive/2009/03/">March (12)</a></li>
 979
 980 <li><a href="http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/archive/2009/04/">April (10)</a></li>
 981
 982 <li><a href="http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/archive/2009/05/">May (9)</a></li>
 983
 984 <li><a href="http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/archive/2009/06/">June (3)</a></li>
 985
 986 <li><a href="http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/archive/2009/07/">July (4)</a></li>
 987
 988 <li><a href="http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/archive/2009/08/">August (3)</a></li>
 989
 990 <li><a href="http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/archive/2009/09/">September (1)</a></li>
 991
 992 <li><a href="http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/archive/2009/10/">October (2)</a></li>
 993
 994 <li><a href="http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/archive/2009/11/">November (3)</a></li>
 995
 996 <li><a href="http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/archive/2009/12/">December (3)</a></li>
 997
 998 </ul></li>
 999
1000 <li>2008
1001 <ul>
1002
1003 <li><a href="http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/archive/2008/11/">November (5)</a></li>
1004
1005 <li><a href="http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/archive/2008/12/">December (7)</a></li>
1006
1007 </ul></li>
1008
1009 </ul>
1010
1011
1012
1013 <h2>Tags</h2>
1014 <ul>
1015
1016  <li><a href="http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/tags/3d-printer">3d-printer (13)</a></li>
1017
1018  <li><a href="http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/tags/amiga">amiga (1)</a></li>
1019
1020  <li><a href="http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/tags/aros">aros (1)</a></li>
1021
1022  <li><a href="http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/tags/bankid">bankid (4)</a></li>
1023
1024  <li><a href="http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/tags/bitcoin">bitcoin (7)</a></li>
1025
1026  <li><a href="http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/tags/bootsystem">bootsystem (12)</a></li>
1027
1028  <li><a href="http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/tags/bsa">bsa (2)</a></li>
1029
1030  <li><a href="http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/tags/debian">debian (83)</a></li>
1031
1032  <li><a href="http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/tags/debian edu">debian edu (138)</a></li>
1033
1034  <li><a href="http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/tags/digistan">digistan (10)</a></li>
1035
1036  <li><a href="http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/tags/docbook">docbook (9)</a></li>
1037
1038  <li><a href="http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/tags/drivstoffpriser">drivstoffpriser (4)</a></li>
1039
1040  <li><a href="http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/tags/english">english (210)</a></li>
1041
1042  <li><a href="http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/tags/fiksgatami">fiksgatami (21)</a></li>
1043
1044  <li><a href="http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/tags/fildeling">fildeling (12)</a></li>
1045
1046  <li><a href="http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/tags/freeculture">freeculture (11)</a></li>
1047
1048  <li><a href="http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/tags/frikanalen">frikanalen (11)</a></li>
1049
1050  <li><a href="http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/tags/intervju">intervju (37)</a></li>
1051
1052  <li><a href="http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/tags/isenkram">isenkram (7)</a></li>
1053
1054  <li><a href="http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/tags/kart">kart (18)</a></li>
1055
1056  <li><a href="http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/tags/ldap">ldap (8)</a></li>
1057
1058  <li><a href="http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/tags/lenker">lenker (6)</a></li>
1059
1060  <li><a href="http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/tags/ltsp">ltsp (1)</a></li>
1061
1062  <li><a href="http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/tags/multimedia">multimedia (25)</a></li>
1063
1064  <li><a href="http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/tags/norsk">norsk (234)</a></li>
1065
1066  <li><a href="http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/tags/nuug">nuug (153)</a></li>
1067
1068  <li><a href="http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/tags/offentlig innsyn">offentlig innsyn (8)</a></li>
1069
1070  <li><a href="http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/tags/open311">open311 (2)</a></li>
1071
1072  <li><a href="http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/tags/opphavsrett">opphavsrett (44)</a></li>
1073
1074  <li><a href="http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/tags/personvern">personvern (65)</a></li>
1075
1076  <li><a href="http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/tags/raid">raid (1)</a></li>
1077
1078  <li><a href="http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/tags/reprap">reprap (11)</a></li>
1079
1080  <li><a href="http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/tags/rfid">rfid (2)</a></li>
1081
1082  <li><a href="http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/tags/robot">robot (7)</a></li>
1083
1084  <li><a href="http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/tags/rss">rss (1)</a></li>
1085
1086  <li><a href="http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/tags/ruter">ruter (4)</a></li>
1087
1088  <li><a href="http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/tags/scraperwiki">scraperwiki (2)</a></li>
1089
1090  <li><a href="http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/tags/sikkerhet">sikkerhet (29)</a></li>
1091
1092  <li><a href="http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/tags/sitesummary">sitesummary (4)</a></li>
1093
1094  <li><a href="http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/tags/skepsis">skepsis (4)</a></li>
1095
1096  <li><a href="http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/tags/standard">standard (43)</a></li>
1097
1098  <li><a href="http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/tags/stavekontroll">stavekontroll (3)</a></li>
1099
1100  <li><a href="http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/tags/stortinget">stortinget (7)</a></li>
1101
1102  <li><a href="http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/tags/surveillance">surveillance (15)</a></li>
1103
1104  <li><a href="http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/tags/sysadmin">sysadmin (1)</a></li>
1105
1106  <li><a href="http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/tags/valg">valg (7)</a></li>
1107
1108  <li><a href="http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/tags/video">video (38)</a></li>
1109
1110  <li><a href="http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/tags/vitenskap">vitenskap (4)</a></li>
1111
1112  <li><a href="http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/tags/web">web (26)</a></li>
1113
1114 </ul>
1115
1116
1117     </div>
1118     <p style="text-align: right">
1119  Created by <a href="http://steve.org.uk/Software/chronicle">Chronicle v4.6</a>
1120 </p>
1121
1122   </body>
1123 </html>