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  14  <h1>
  15      <a href="http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/">Petter Reinholdtsen</a>
  16
  17  </h1>
  18
  19 </div>
  20
  21
  22     <h3>Entries from January 2013.</h3>
  23
  24     <div class="entry">
  25       <div class="title">
  26         <a href="http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/What_is_the_most_supported_MIME_type_in_Debian_.html">What is the most supported MIME type in Debian?</a>
  27       </div>
  28       <div class="date">
  29         16th January 2013
  30       </div>
  31       <div class="body">
  32         <p>The <a href="http://wiki.debian.org/AppStreamDebianProposal">DEP-11
  33 proposal to add AppStream information to the Debian archive</a>, is a
  34 proposal to make it possible for a Desktop application to propose to
  35 the user some package to install to gain support for a given MIME
  36 type, font, library etc. that is currently missing.  With such
  37 mechanism in place, it would be possible for the desktop to
  38 automatically propose and install leocad if some LDraw file is
  39 downloaded by the browser.</p>
  40
  41 <p>To get some idea about the current content of the archive, I decided
  42 to write a simple program to extract all .desktop files from the
  43 Debian archive and look up the claimed MIME support there.  The result
  44 can be found on the
  45 <a href="http://ftp.skolelinux.org/pub/AppStreamTest">Skolelinux FTP
  46 site</a>.  Using the collected information, it become possible to
  47 answer the question in the title.  Here are the 20 most supported MIME
  48 types in Debian stable (Squeeze), testing (Wheezy) and unstable (Sid).
  49 The complete list is available from the link above.</p>
  50
  51 <p><strong>Debian Stable:</strong></p>
  52
  53 <pre>
  54   count MIME type
  55   ----- -----------------------
  56      32 text/plain
  57      30 audio/mpeg
  58      29 image/png
  59      28 image/jpeg
  60      27 application/ogg
  61      26 audio/x-mp3
  62      25 image/tiff
  63      25 image/gif
  64      22 image/bmp
  65      22 audio/x-wav
  66      20 audio/x-flac
  67      19 audio/x-mpegurl
  68      18 video/x-ms-asf
  69      18 audio/x-musepack
  70      18 audio/x-mpeg
  71      18 application/x-ogg
  72      17 video/mpeg
  73      17 audio/x-scpls
  74      17 audio/ogg
  75      16 video/x-ms-wmv
  76 </pre>
  77
  78 <p><strong>Debian Testing:</strong></p>
  79
  80 <pre>
  81   count MIME type
  82   ----- -----------------------
  83      33 text/plain
  84      32 image/png
  85      32 image/jpeg
  86      29 audio/mpeg
  87      27 image/gif
  88      26 image/tiff
  89      26 application/ogg
  90      25 audio/x-mp3
  91      22 image/bmp
  92      21 audio/x-wav
  93      19 audio/x-mpegurl
  94      19 audio/x-mpeg
  95      18 video/mpeg
  96      18 audio/x-scpls
  97      18 audio/x-flac
  98      18 application/x-ogg
  99      17 video/x-ms-asf
 100      17 text/html
 101      17 audio/x-musepack
 102      16 image/x-xbitmap
 103 </pre>
 104
 105 <p><strong>Debian Unstable:</strong></p>
 106
 107 <pre>
 108   count MIME type
 109   ----- -----------------------
 110      31 text/plain
 111      31 image/png
 112      31 image/jpeg
 113      29 audio/mpeg
 114      28 application/ogg
 115      27 image/gif
 116      26 image/tiff
 117      26 audio/x-mp3
 118      23 audio/x-wav
 119      22 image/bmp
 120      21 audio/x-flac
 121      20 audio/x-mpegurl
 122      19 audio/x-mpeg
 123      18 video/x-ms-asf
 124      18 video/mpeg
 125      18 audio/x-scpls
 126      18 application/x-ogg
 127      17 audio/x-musepack
 128      16 video/x-ms-wmv
 129      16 video/x-msvideo
 130 </pre>
 131
 132 <p>I am told that PackageKit can provide an API to access the kind of
 133 information mentioned in DEP-11.  I have not yet had time to look at
 134 it, but hope the PackageKit people in Debian are on top of these
 135 issues.</p>
 136
 137 <p><strong>Update 2013-01-16 13:35</strong>: Updated numbers after
 138 discovering a typo in my script.</p>
 139
 140       </div>
 141       <div class="tags">
 142
 143
 144         Tags: <a href="http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/tags/debian">debian</a>, <a href="http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/tags/english">english</a>.
 145
 146
 147       </div>
 148     </div>
 149     <div class="padding"></div>
 150
 151     <div class="entry">
 152       <div class="title">
 153         <a href="http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/Using_modalias_info_to_find_packages_handling_my_hardware.html">Using modalias info to find packages handling my hardware</a>
 154       </div>
 155       <div class="date">
 156         15th January 2013
 157       </div>
 158       <div class="body">
 159         <p>Yesterday, I wrote about the
 160 <a href="http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/Modalias_strings___a_practical_way_to_map__stuff__to_hardware.html">modalias
 161 values provided by the Linux kernel</a> following my hope for
 162 <a href="http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/Lets_make_hardware_dongles_easier_to_use_in_Debian.html">better
 163 dongle support in Debian</a>.  Using this knowledge, I have tested how
 164 modalias values attached to package names can be used to map packages
 165 to hardware.  This allow the system to look up and suggest relevant
 166 packages when I plug in some new hardware into my machine, and replace
 167 discover and discover-data as the database used to map hardware to
 168 packages.</p>
 169
 170 <p>I create a modaliases file with entries like the following,
 171 containing package name, kernel module name (if relevant, otherwise
 172 the package name) and globs matching the relevant hardware
 173 modalias.</p>
 174
 175 <p><blockquote>
 176 Package: package-name
 177 <br>Modaliases: module(modaliasglob, modaliasglob, modaliasglob)</p>
 178 </blockquote></p>
 179
 180 <p>It is fairly trivial to write code to find the relevant packages
 181 for a given modalias value using this file.</p>
 182
 183 <p>An entry like this would suggest the video and picture application
 184 cheese for many USB web cameras (interface bus class 0E01):</p>
 185
 186 <p><blockquote>
 187 Package: cheese
 188 <br>Modaliases: cheese(usb:v*p*d*dc*dsc*dp*ic0Eisc01ip*)</p>
 189 </blockquote></p>
 190
 191 <p>An entry like this would suggest the pcmciautils package when a
 192 CardBus bridge (bus class 0607) PCI device is present:</p>
 193
 194 <p><blockquote>
 195 Package: pcmciautils
 196 <br>Modaliases: pcmciautils(pci:v*d*sv*sd*bc06sc07i*)
 197 </blockquote></p>
 198
 199 <p>An entry like this would suggest the package colorhug-client when
 200 plugging in a ColorHug with USB IDs 04D8:F8DA:</p>
 201
 202 <p><blockquote>
 203 Package: colorhug-client
 204 <br>Modaliases: colorhug-client(usb:v04D8pF8DAd*)</p>
 205 </blockquote></p>
 206
 207 <p>I believe the format is compatible with the format of the Packages
 208 file in the Debian archive.  Ubuntu already uses their Packages file
 209 to store their mappings from packages to hardware.</p>
 210
 211 <p>By adding a XB-Modaliases: header in debian/control, any .deb can
 212 announce the hardware it support in a way my prototype understand.
 213 This allow those publishing packages in an APT source outside the
 214 Debian archive as well as those backporting packages to make sure the
 215 hardware mapping are included in the package meta information.  I've
 216 tested such header in the pymissile package, and its modalias mapping
 217 is working as it should with my prototype.  It even made it to Ubuntu
 218 Raring.</p>
 219
 220 <p>To test if it was possible to look up supported hardware using only
 221 the shell tools available in the Debian installer, I wrote a shell
 222 implementation of the lookup code.  The idea is to create files for
 223 each modalias and let the shell do the matching.  Please check out and
 224 try the
 225 <a href="http://anonscm.debian.org/viewvc/debian-edu/trunk/src/hw-support-handler/hw-support-lookup?view=co">hw-support-lookup</a>
 226 shell script.  It run without any extra dependencies and fetch the
 227 hardware mappings from the Debian archive and the subversion
 228 repository where I currently work on my prototype.</p>
 229
 230 <p>When I use it on a machine with a yubikey inserted, it suggest to
 231 install yubikey-personalization:</p>
 232
 233 <p><blockquote>
 234 % ./hw-support-lookup
 235 <br>yubikey-personalization
 236 <br>%
 237 </blockquote></p>
 238
 239 <p>When I run it on my Thinkpad X40 with a PCMCIA/CardBus slot, it
 240 propose to install the pcmciautils package:</p>
 241
 242 <p><blockquote>
 243 % ./hw-support-lookup
 244 <br>pcmciautils
 245 <br>%
 246 </blockquote></p>
 247
 248 <p>If you know of any hardware-package mapping that should be added to
 249 <a href="http://anonscm.debian.org/viewvc/debian-edu/trunk/src/hw-support-handler/modaliases?view=co">my
 250 database</a>, please tell me about it.</p>
 251
 252 <p>It could be possible to generate several of the mappings between
 253 packages and hardware.  One source would be to look at packages with
 254 kernel modules, ie packages with *.ko files in /lib/modules/, and
 255 extract their modalias information.  Another would be to look at
 256 packages with udev rules, ie packages with files in
 257 /lib/udev/rules.d/, and extract their vendor/model information to
 258 generate a modalias matching rule.  I have not tested any of these to
 259 see if it work.</p>
 260
 261 <p>If you want to help implementing a system to let us propose what
 262 packages to install when new hardware is plugged into a Debian
 263 machine, please send me an email or talk to me on
 264 <a href="irc://irc.debian.org/%23debian-devel">#debian-devel</a>.</p>
 265
 266       </div>
 267       <div class="tags">
 268
 269
 270         Tags: <a href="http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/tags/debian">debian</a>, <a href="http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/tags/english">english</a>.
 271
 272
 273       </div>
 274     </div>
 275     <div class="padding"></div>
 276
 277     <div class="entry">
 278       <div class="title">
 279         <a href="http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/Modalias_strings___a_practical_way_to_map__stuff__to_hardware.html">Modalias strings - a practical way to map "stuff" to hardware</a>
 280       </div>
 281       <div class="date">
 282         14th January 2013
 283       </div>
 284       <div class="body">
 285         <p>While looking into how to look up Debian packages based on hardware
 286 information, to find the packages that support a given piece of
 287 hardware, I refreshed my memory regarding modalias values, and decided
 288 to document the details.  Here are my findings so far, also available
 289 in
 290 <a href="http://anonscm.debian.org/viewvc/debian-edu/trunk/src/hw-support-handler/">the
 291 Debian Edu subversion repository</a>:
 292
 293 <p><strong>Modalias decoded</strong></p>
 294
 295 <p>This document try to explain what the different types of modalias
 296 values stands for.  It is in part based on information from
 297 &lt;URL: <a href="https://wiki.archlinux.org/index.php/Modalias">https://wiki.archlinux.org/index.php/Modalias</a> &gt;,
 298 &lt;URL: <a href="http://unix.stackexchange.com/questions/26132/how-to-assign-usb-driver-to-device">http://unix.stackexchange.com/questions/26132/how-to-assign-usb-driver-to-device</a> &gt;,
 299 &lt;URL: <a href="http://code.metager.de/source/history/linux/stable/scripts/mod/file2alias.c">http://code.metager.de/source/history/linux/stable/scripts/mod/file2alias.c</a> &gt; and
 300 &lt;URL: <a href="http://cvs.savannah.gnu.org/viewvc/dmidecode/dmidecode.c?root=dmidecode&view=markup">http://cvs.savannah.gnu.org/viewvc/dmidecode/dmidecode.c?root=dmidecode&view=markup</a> &gt;.
 301
 302 <p>The modalias entries for a given Linux machine can be found using
 303 this shell script:</p>
 304
 305 <pre>
 306 find /sys -name modalias -print0 | xargs -0 cat | sort -u
 307 </pre>
 308
 309 <p>The supported modalias globs for a given kernel module can be found
 310 using modinfo:</p>
 311
 312 <pre>
 313 % /sbin/modinfo psmouse | grep alias:
 314 alias:          serio:ty05pr*id*ex*
 315 alias:          serio:ty01pr*id*ex*
 316 %
 317 </pre>
 318
 319 <p><strong>PCI subtype</strong></p>
 320
 321 <p>A typical PCI entry can look like this.  This is an Intel Host
 322 Bridge memory controller:</p>
 323
 324 <p><blockquote>
 325 pci:v00008086d00002770sv00001028sd000001ADbc06sc00i00
 326 </blockquote></p>
 327
 328 <p>This represent these values:</p>
 329
 330 <pre>
 331  v   00008086  (vendor)
 332  d   00002770  (device)
 333  sv  00001028  (subvendor)
 334  sd  000001AD  (subdevice)
 335  bc  06        (bus class)
 336  sc  00        (bus subclass)
 337  i   00        (interface)
 338 </pre>
 339
 340 <p>The vendor/device values are the same values outputted from 'lspci
 341 -n' as 8086:2770.  The bus class/subclass is also shown by lspci as
 342 0600.  The 0600 class is a host bridge.  Other useful bus values are
 343 0300 (VGA compatible card) and 0200 (Ethernet controller).</p>
 344
 345 <p>Not sure how to figure out the interface value, nor what it
 346 means.</p>
 347
 348 <p><strong>USB subtype</strong></p>
 349
 350 <p>Some typical USB entries can look like this.  This is an internal
 351 USB hub in a laptop:</p>
 352
 353 <p><blockquote>
 354 usb:v1D6Bp0001d0206dc09dsc00dp00ic09isc00ip00
 355 </blockquote></p>
 356
 357 <p>Here is the values included in this alias:</p>
 358
 359 <pre>
 360  v    1D6B  (device vendor)
 361  p    0001  (device product)
 362  d    0206  (bcddevice)
 363  dc     09  (device class)
 364  dsc    00  (device subclass)
 365  dp     00  (device protocol)
 366  ic     09  (interface class)
 367  isc    00  (interface subclass)
 368  ip     00  (interface protocol)
 369 </pre>
 370
 371 <p>The 0900 device class/subclass means hub.  Some times the relevant
 372 class is in the interface class section.  For a simple USB web camera,
 373 these alias entries show up:</p>
 374
 375 <p><blockquote>
 376 usb:v0AC8p3420d5000dcEFdsc02dp01ic01isc01ip00
 377 <br>usb:v0AC8p3420d5000dcEFdsc02dp01ic01isc02ip00
 378 <br>usb:v0AC8p3420d5000dcEFdsc02dp01ic0Eisc01ip00
 379 <br>usb:v0AC8p3420d5000dcEFdsc02dp01ic0Eisc02ip00
 380 </blockquote></p>
 381
 382 <p>Interface class 0E01 is video control, 0E02 is video streaming (aka
 383 camera), 0101 is audio control device and 0102 is audio streaming (aka
 384 microphone).  Thus this is a camera with microphone included.</p>
 385
 386 <p><strong>ACPI subtype</strong></p>
 387
 388 <p>The ACPI type is used for several non-PCI/USB stuff.  This is an IR
 389 receiver in a Thinkpad X40:</p>
 390
 391 <p><blockquote>
 392 acpi:IBM0071:PNP0511:
 393 </blockquote></p>
 394
 395 <p>The values between the colons are IDs.</p>
 396
 397 <p><strong>DMI subtype</strong></p>
 398
 399 <p>The DMI table contain lots of information about the computer case
 400 and model.  This is an entry for a IBM Thinkpad X40, fetched from
 401 /sys/devices/virtual/dmi/id/modalias:</p>
 402
 403 <p><blockquote>
 404 dmi:bvnIBM:bvr1UETB6WW(1.66):bd06/15/2005:svnIBM:pn2371H4G:pvrThinkPadX40:rvnIBM:rn2371H4G:rvrNotAvailable:cvnIBM:ct10:cvrNotAvailable:
 405 </blockquote></p>
 406
 407 <p>The values present are</p>
 408
 409 <pre>
 410  bvn  IBM            (BIOS vendor)
 411  bvr  1UETB6WW(1.66) (BIOS version)
 412  bd   06/15/2005     (BIOS date)
 413  svn  IBM            (system vendor)
 414  pn   2371H4G        (product name)
 415  pvr  ThinkPadX40    (product version)
 416  rvn  IBM            (board vendor)
 417  rn   2371H4G        (board name)
 418  rvr  NotAvailable   (board version)
 419  cvn  IBM            (chassis vendor)
 420  ct   10             (chassis type)
 421  cvr  NotAvailable   (chassis version)
 422 </pre>
 423
 424 <p>The chassis type 10 is Notebook.  Other interesting values can be
 425 found in the dmidecode source:</p>
 426
 427 <pre>
 428   3 Desktop
 429   4 Low Profile Desktop
 430   5 Pizza Box
 431   6 Mini Tower
 432   7 Tower
 433   8 Portable
 434   9 Laptop
 435  10 Notebook
 436  11 Hand Held
 437  12 Docking Station
 438  13 All In One
 439  14 Sub Notebook
 440  15 Space-saving
 441  16 Lunch Box
 442  17 Main Server Chassis
 443  18 Expansion Chassis
 444  19 Sub Chassis
 445  20 Bus Expansion Chassis
 446  21 Peripheral Chassis
 447  22 RAID Chassis
 448  23 Rack Mount Chassis
 449  24 Sealed-case PC
 450  25 Multi-system
 451  26 CompactPCI
 452  27 AdvancedTCA
 453  28 Blade
 454  29 Blade Enclosing
 455 </pre>
 456
 457 <p>The chassis type values are not always accurately set in the DMI
 458 table.  For example my home server is a tower, but the DMI modalias
 459 claim it is a desktop.</p>
 460
 461 <p><strong>SerIO subtype</strong></p>
 462
 463 <p>This type is used for PS/2 mouse plugs.  One example is from my
 464 test machine:</p>
 465
 466 <p><blockquote>
 467 serio:ty01pr00id00ex00
 468 </blockquote></p>
 469
 470 <p>The values present are</p>
 471
 472 <pre>
 473   ty  01  (type)
 474   pr  00  (prototype)
 475   id  00  (id)
 476   ex  00  (extra)
 477 </pre>
 478
 479 <p>This type is supported by the psmouse driver.  I am not sure what
 480 the valid values are.</p>
 481
 482 <p><strong>Other subtypes</strong></p>
 483
 484 <p>There are heaps of other modalias subtypes according to
 485 file2alias.c.  There is the rest of the list from that source: amba,
 486 ap, bcma, ccw, css, eisa, hid, i2c, ieee1394, input, ipack, isapnp,
 487 mdio, of, parisc, pcmcia, platform, scsi, sdio, spi, ssb, vio, virtio,
 488 vmbus, x86cpu and zorro.  I did not spend time documenting all of
 489 these, as they do not seem relevant for my intended use with mapping
 490 hardware to packages when new stuff is inserted during run time.</p>
 491
 492 <p><strong>Looking up kernel modules using modalias values</strong></p>
 493
 494 <p>To check which kernel modules provide support for a given modalias,
 495 one can use the following shell script:</p>
 496
 497 <pre>
 498   for id in $(find /sys -name modalias -print0 | xargs -0 cat | sort -u); do \
 499     echo "$id" ; \
 500     /sbin/modprobe --show-depends "$id"|sed 's/^/  /' ; \
 501   done
 502 </pre>
 503
 504 <p>The output can look like this (only the first few entries as the
 505 list is very long on my test machine):</p>
 506
 507 <pre>
 508   acpi:ACPI0003:
 509     insmod /lib/modules/2.6.32-5-686/kernel/drivers/acpi/ac.ko
 510   acpi:device:
 511   FATAL: Module acpi:device: not found.
 512   acpi:IBM0068:
 513     insmod /lib/modules/2.6.32-5-686/kernel/drivers/char/nvram.ko
 514     insmod /lib/modules/2.6.32-5-686/kernel/drivers/leds/led-class.ko
 515     insmod /lib/modules/2.6.32-5-686/kernel/net/rfkill/rfkill.ko
 516     insmod /lib/modules/2.6.32-5-686/kernel/drivers/platform/x86/thinkpad_acpi.ko
 517   acpi:IBM0071:PNP0511:
 518     insmod /lib/modules/2.6.32-5-686/kernel/lib/crc-ccitt.ko
 519     insmod /lib/modules/2.6.32-5-686/kernel/net/irda/irda.ko
 520     insmod /lib/modules/2.6.32-5-686/kernel/drivers/net/irda/nsc-ircc.ko
 521   [...]
 522 </pre>
 523
 524 <p>If you want to help implementing a system to let us propose what
 525 packages to install when new hardware is plugged into a Debian
 526 machine, please send me an email or talk to me on
 527 <a href="irc://irc.debian.org/%23debian-devel">#debian-devel</a>.</p>
 528
 529 <p><strong>Update 2013-01-15:</strong> Rewrite "cat $(find ...)" to
 530 "find ... -print0 | xargs -0 cat" to make sure it handle directories
 531 in /sys/ with space in them.</p>
 532
 533       </div>
 534       <div class="tags">
 535
 536
 537         Tags: <a href="http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/tags/debian">debian</a>, <a href="http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/tags/english">english</a>.
 538
 539
 540       </div>
 541     </div>
 542     <div class="padding"></div>
 543
 544     <div class="entry">
 545       <div class="title">
 546         <a href="http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/Moved_the_pymissile_Debian_packaging_to_collab_maint.html">Moved the pymissile Debian packaging to collab-maint</a>
 547       </div>
 548       <div class="date">
 549         10th January 2013
 550       </div>
 551       <div class="body">
 552         <p>As part of my investigation on how to improve the support in Debian
 553 for hardware dongles, I dug up my old Mark and Spencer USB Rocket
 554 Launcher and updated the Debian package
 555 <a href="http://packages.qa.debian.org/pymissile">pymissile</a> to make
 556 sure udev will fix the device permissions when it is plugged in.  I
 557 also added a "Modaliases" header to test it in the Debian archive and
 558 hopefully make the package be proposed by jockey in Ubuntu when a user
 559 plug in his rocket launcher.  In the process I moved the source to a
 560 git repository under collab-maint, to make it easier for any DD to
 561 contribute.  <a href="http://code.google.com/p/pymissile/">Upstream</a>
 562 is not very active, but the software still work for me even after five
 563 years of relative silence.  The new git repository is not listed in
 564 the uploaded package yet, because I want to test the other changes a
 565 bit more before I upload the new version.  If you want to check out
 566 the new version with a .desktop file included, visit the
 567 <a href="http://anonscm.debian.org/gitweb/?p=collab-maint/pymissile.git">gitweb
 568 view</a> or use "<tt>git clone
 569 git://anonscm.debian.org/collab-maint/pymissile.git</tt>".</p>
 570
 571       </div>
 572       <div class="tags">
 573
 574
 575         Tags: <a href="http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/tags/debian">debian</a>, <a href="http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/tags/english">english</a>, <a href="http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/tags/robot">robot</a>.
 576
 577
 578       </div>
 579     </div>
 580     <div class="padding"></div>
 581
 582     <div class="entry">
 583       <div class="title">
 584         <a href="http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/Lets_make_hardware_dongles_easier_to_use_in_Debian.html">Lets make hardware dongles easier to use in Debian</a>
 585       </div>
 586       <div class="date">
 587          9th January 2013
 588       </div>
 589       <div class="body">
 590         <p>One thing that annoys me with Debian and Linux distributions in
 591 general, is that there is a great package management system with the
 592 ability to automatically install software packages by downloading them
 593 from the distribution mirrors, but no way to get it to automatically
 594 install the packages I need to use the hardware I plug into my
 595 machine.  Even if the package to use it is easily available from the
 596 Linux distribution.  When I plug in a LEGO Mindstorms NXT, it could
 597 suggest to automatically install the python-nxt, nbc and t2n packages
 598 I need to talk to it.  When I plug in a Yubikey, it could propose the
 599 yubikey-personalization package.  The information required to do this
 600 is available, but no-one have pulled all the pieces together.</p>
 601
 602 <p>Some years ago, I proposed to
 603 <a href="http://lists.debian.org/debian-devel/2010/05/msg01206.html">use
 604 the discover subsystem to implement this</a>.  The idea is fairly
 605 simple:
 606
 607 <ul>
 608
 609 <li>Add a desktop entry in /usr/share/autostart/ pointing to a program
 610   starting when a user log in.</li>
 611
 612 <li>Set this program up to listen for kernel events emitted when new
 613   hardware is inserted into the computer.</li>
 614
 615 <li>When new hardware is inserted, look up the hardware ID in a
 616   database mapping to packages, and take note of any non-installed
 617   packages.</li>
 618
 619 <li>Show a message to the user proposing to install the discovered
 620   package, and make it easy to install it.</li>
 621
 622 </ul>
 623
 624 <p>I am not sure what the best way to implement this is, but my
 625 initial idea was to use dbus events to discover new hardware, the
 626 discover database to find packages and
 627 <a href="http://www.packagekit.org/">PackageKit</a> to install
 628 packages.</p>
 629
 630 <p>Yesterday, I found time to try to implement this idea, and the
 631 draft package is now checked into
 632 <a href="http://anonscm.debian.org/viewvc/debian-edu/trunk/src/hw-support-handler/">the
 633 Debian Edu subversion repository</a>.  In the process, I updated the
 634 <a href="http://packages.qa.debian.org/d/discover-data.html">discover-data</a>
 635 package to map the USB ids of LEGO Mindstorms and Yubikey devices to
 636 the relevant packages in Debian, and uploaded a new version
 637 2.2013.01.09 to unstable.  I also discovered that the current
 638 <a href="http://packages.qa.debian.org/d/discover.html">discover</a>
 639 package in Debian no longer discovered any USB devices, because
 640 /proc/bus/usb/devices is no longer present.  I ported it to use
 641 libusb as a fall back option to get it working.  The fixed package
 642 version 2.1.2-6 is now in experimental (didn't upload it to unstable
 643 because of the freeze).</p>
 644
 645 <p>With this prototype in place, I can insert my Yubikey, and get this
 646 desktop notification to show up (only once, the first time it is
 647 inserted):</p>
 648
 649 <p align="center"><img src="http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/images/2013-01-09-hw-autoinstall.png"></p>
 650
 651 <p>For this prototype to be really useful, some way to automatically
 652 install the proposed packages by pressing the "Please install
 653 program(s)" button should to be implemented.</p>
 654
 655 <p>If this idea seem useful to you, and you want to help make it
 656 happen, please help me update the discover-data database with mappings
 657 from hardware to Debian packages.  Check if 'discover-pkginstall -l'
 658 list the package you would like to have installed when a given
 659 hardware device is inserted into your computer, and report bugs using
 660 reportbug if it isn't.  Or, if you know of a better way to provide
 661 such mapping, please let me know.</p>
 662
 663 <p>This prototype need more work, and there are several questions that
 664 should be considered before it is ready for production use.  Is dbus
 665 the correct way to detect new hardware?  At the moment I look for HAL
 666 dbus events on the system bus, because that is the events I could see
 667 on my Debian Squeeze KDE desktop.  Are there better events to use?
 668 How should the user be notified?  Is the desktop notification
 669 mechanism the best option, or should the background daemon raise a
 670 popup instead?  How should packages be installed?  When should they
 671 not be installed?</p>
 672
 673 <p>If you want to help getting such feature implemented in Debian,
 674 please send me an email. :)</p>
 675
 676       </div>
 677       <div class="tags">
 678
 679
 680         Tags: <a href="http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/tags/debian">debian</a>, <a href="http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/tags/english">english</a>.
 681
 682
 683       </div>
 684     </div>
 685     <div class="padding"></div>
 686
 687     <div class="entry">
 688       <div class="title">
 689         <a href="http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/New_IRC_channel_for_LEGO_designers_using_Debian.html">New IRC channel for LEGO designers using Debian</a>
 690       </div>
 691       <div class="date">
 692          2nd January 2013
 693       </div>
 694       <div class="body">
 695         <p>During Christmas, I have worked a bit on the Debian support for
 696 <a href="http://mindstorms.lego.com/en-us/Default.aspx">LEGO Mindstorm
 697 NXT</a>.  My son and I have played a bit with my NXT set, and I
 698 discovered I had to build all the tools myself because none were
 699 already in Debian Squeeze.  If Debian support for LEGO is something
 700 you care about, please join me on the IRC channel
 701 <a href="irc://irc.debian.org/%23debian-lego">#debian-lego</a> (server
 702 irc.debian.org).  There is a lot that could be done to improve the
 703 Debian support for LEGO designers.  For example both CAD software
 704 and Mindstorm compilers are missing. :)</p>
 705
 706 <p>Update 2012-01-03: A
 707 <a href="http://wiki.debian.org/LegoDesigners">project page</a>
 708 including links to Lego related packages is now available.</p>
 709
 710       </div>
 711       <div class="tags">
 712
 713
 714         Tags: <a href="http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/tags/debian">debian</a>, <a href="http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/tags/english">english</a>, <a href="http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/tags/robot">robot</a>.
 715
 716
 717       </div>
 718     </div>
 719     <div class="padding"></div>
 720
 721     <div class="entry">
 722       <div class="title">
 723         <a href="http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/Lenker_for_2013_01_01.html">Lenker for 2013-01-01</a>
 724       </div>
 725       <div class="date">
 726          1st January 2013
 727       </div>
 728       <div class="body">
 729         <p>Her er noen lenker til tekster jeg har satt pris på å lese den
 730 siste måneden.</p>
 731
 732 <ul>
 733
 734 <li>2012-12-07
 735   <a href="http://www.idg.no/computerworld/article262047.ece">Myter og
 736   FUD om fri programvare</a> av min venn Christer Gundersen som
 737   kommenterer noen av de påstandene som er spredt via Computerworld
 738   Norge de siste månedene.</li>
 739
 740 <li>BankID er et opplegg der utsteder (dvs. banken eller dens
 741   leverandør) sitter på alt som trengs for å bruke BankID, men har
 742   lovet å ikke bruke den unntatt på oppdrag fra deg.  Det er greit nok
 743   for banktjenester, der banken allerede har full kontroll over
 744   resultatet, men problematisk når det gjelder tilgang til
 745   helseopplysninger og avtaleinngåelse med andre enn banken.  Jeg
 746   håper protestene brer om seg.
 747
 748   <ul>
 749
 750   <li>2012-12-11 <a href="http://www.aftenposten.no/meninger/debatt/BankID-blottlegger-helseopplysninger-7067148.html">BankID
 751     blottlegger helseopplysninger</a></li>
 752
 753   <li>2012-12-07 <a href="http://www.nrk.no/nyheter/norge/1.9695027">-
 754     Helseopplysningene ikke sikre med Bank-ID</a></li>
 755
 756   <li>2012-12-07
 757     <a href="https://www.bankid.no/Presse-og-nyheter/Nyhetsarkiv/2012/Papeker-alvorlige-men-kjente-utfordringer/">Påpeker
 758     alvorlige, men kjente utfordringer</a> er den offisielle
 759     holdningen til de som lager BankID.</li>
 760
 761   <li>2012-12-08
 762     <a href="http://www.tnp.no/norway/panorama/3419-ntnu-researcher-warns-against-security-of-bank-id-password">NTNU
 763       Researcher Warns against Security of Bank ID Password</a>
 764
 765   </ul>
 766
 767 <li>2012-12-11 <a href="http://www.aftenposten.no/nyheter/iriks/Norske-elever-er-darligst-i-Europa-pa-algebra-7066752.html">Norske elever er dårligst i Europa på algebra</a>
 768
 769 <li>2012-12-11
 770   <a href="http://www.aftenposten.no/meninger/debatt/Realfagsdodaren-7067173.html">Realfagsdødaren</a>
 771
 772 <li>2012-12-21
 773   <a href="http://www.bt.no/nyheter/innenriks/112/--Forventningene-er-for-hoye-2816450.html">-
 774   Noen må bli skuffet</a> - Politiet i Bergen forteller hvor lavt de
 775   prioriterer hverdagskriminalitet.</li>
 776
 777 <li>2012-05-03
 778   <a href="http://e24.no/jobb/kripos-ansatt-doemt-for-snoking-for-venn/20208585">
 779   Kripos-ansatt dømt for snoking for venn</A> - viser hvor svak
 780   reaksjonen blir når politiet misbruker innsamlet informasjon.  En
 781   forvarsel på konsekvensene av nasjonal brev- og besøkskontroll -
 782   ofte kalt Datalagringsdirektivet.</li>
 783
 784 <li>2012-12-14
 785   <a href="http://www.dagbladet.no/2012/12/14/kultur/debatt/kronikk/jul/ensomhet/24838541/">Å
 786   smøre en forskjell</a> - om ensomhet og jul.</li>
 787
 788 <li>2012-12-18
 789   <a href="http://www.aftenposten.no/meninger/kronikker/n-krise-av-gangen_-takk-7072452.html">Én
 790   krise av gangen, takk!</a>
 791
 792
 793 <li>2012-12-17
 794   <a href="http://www.aftenposten.no/meninger/NAV-Et-mangehodet-monster--7072165.html">NAV:
 795   Et mangehodet monster</a></li>
 796
 797 <li>2011-01-12
 798   <a href="http://www.dagbladet.no/2011/01/12/kultur/debatt/kronikk/personvern/15027203/">Pasienter
 799   uten vern</a> - forteller litt om hvordan Norsk Pasientregister og
 800   andre helseregister raderer bort pasienters privatsfære.</li>
 801
 802
 803 <li>2012-12-19
 804   <a href="http://www.aftenposten.no/meninger/debatt/Hvorfor-er-barnefamilier-fattige-7073951.html">Hvorfor
 805   er barnefamilier fattige?</a></li>
 806
 807 <li>2012-12-25
 808   <a href="http://www.aftenposten.no/meninger/spaltister/Den-skjulte-minoriteten--konservative-kristne-i-Norge-7075518.html">Den
 809   skjulte minoriteten – konservative kristne i Norge</a> - kronikk av
 810   Bjørn Stærk fra aftenposten</li>
 811
 812 <li>2009-05-04
 813   <a href="http://deltemeninger.no/-/bulletin/show/303429_folkebiblioteket-2-0?ref=checkpoint">Folkebiblioteket
 814   2.0</a> - Min venn Sturle om opphavsrett og Internett, i debatt med
 815   Olav Torvund.</li>
 816
 817 </ul>
 818
 819 <p>Og et godt nytt år til dere alle!</p>
 820
 821       </div>
 822       <div class="tags">
 823
 824
 825         Tags: <a href="http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/tags/bankid">bankid</a>, <a href="http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/tags/lenker">lenker</a>, <a href="http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/tags/norsk">norsk</a>, <a href="http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/tags/opphavsrett">opphavsrett</a>, <a href="http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/tags/personvern">personvern</a>.
 826
 827
 828       </div>
 829     </div>
 830     <div class="padding"></div>
 831
 832     <p style="text-align: right;"><a href="01.rss"><img src="http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/xml.gif" alt="RSS Feed" width="36" height="14" /></a></p>
 833     <div id="sidebar">
 834
 835
 836
 837 <h2>Archive</h2>
 838 <ul>
 839
 840 <li>2013
 841 <ul>
 842
 843 <li><a href="http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/archive/2013/01/">January (7)</a></li>
 844
 845 </ul></li>
 846
 847 <li>2012
 848 <ul>
 849
 850 <li><a href="http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/archive/2012/01/">January (7)</a></li>
 851
 852 <li><a href="http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/archive/2012/02/">February (10)</a></li>
 853
 854 <li><a href="http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/archive/2012/03/">March (17)</a></li>
 855
 856 <li><a href="http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/archive/2012/04/">April (12)</a></li>
 857
 858 <li><a href="http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/archive/2012/05/">May (12)</a></li>
 859
 860 <li><a href="http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/archive/2012/06/">June (20)</a></li>
 861
 862 <li><a href="http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/archive/2012/07/">July (17)</a></li>
 863
 864 <li><a href="http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/archive/2012/08/">August (6)</a></li>
 865
 866 <li><a href="http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/archive/2012/09/">September (9)</a></li>
 867
 868 <li><a href="http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/archive/2012/10/">October (17)</a></li>
 869
 870 <li><a href="http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/archive/2012/11/">November (10)</a></li>
 871
 872 <li><a href="http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/archive/2012/12/">December (7)</a></li>
 873
 874 </ul></li>
 875
 876 <li>2011
 877 <ul>
 878
 879 <li><a href="http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/archive/2011/01/">January (16)</a></li>
 880
 881 <li><a href="http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/archive/2011/02/">February (6)</a></li>
 882
 883 <li><a href="http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/archive/2011/03/">March (6)</a></li>
 884
 885 <li><a href="http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/archive/2011/04/">April (7)</a></li>
 886
 887 <li><a href="http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/archive/2011/05/">May (3)</a></li>
 888
 889 <li><a href="http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/archive/2011/06/">June (2)</a></li>
 890
 891 <li><a href="http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/archive/2011/07/">July (7)</a></li>
 892
 893 <li><a href="http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/archive/2011/08/">August (6)</a></li>
 894
 895 <li><a href="http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/archive/2011/09/">September (4)</a></li>
 896
 897 <li><a href="http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/archive/2011/10/">October (2)</a></li>
 898
 899 <li><a href="http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/archive/2011/11/">November (3)</a></li>
 900
 901 <li><a href="http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/archive/2011/12/">December (1)</a></li>
 902
 903 </ul></li>
 904
 905 <li>2010
 906 <ul>
 907
 908 <li><a href="http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/archive/2010/01/">January (2)</a></li>
 909
 910 <li><a href="http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/archive/2010/02/">February (1)</a></li>
 911
 912 <li><a href="http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/archive/2010/03/">March (3)</a></li>
 913
 914 <li><a href="http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/archive/2010/04/">April (3)</a></li>
 915
 916 <li><a href="http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/archive/2010/05/">May (9)</a></li>
 917
 918 <li><a href="http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/archive/2010/06/">June (14)</a></li>
 919
 920 <li><a href="http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/archive/2010/07/">July (12)</a></li>
 921
 922 <li><a href="http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/archive/2010/08/">August (13)</a></li>
 923
 924 <li><a href="http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/archive/2010/09/">September (7)</a></li>
 925
 926 <li><a href="http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/archive/2010/10/">October (9)</a></li>
 927
 928 <li><a href="http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/archive/2010/11/">November (13)</a></li>
 929
 930 <li><a href="http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/archive/2010/12/">December (12)</a></li>
 931
 932 </ul></li>
 933
 934 <li>2009
 935 <ul>
 936
 937 <li><a href="http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/archive/2009/01/">January (8)</a></li>
 938
 939 <li><a href="http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/archive/2009/02/">February (8)</a></li>
 940
 941 <li><a href="http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/archive/2009/03/">March (12)</a></li>
 942
 943 <li><a href="http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/archive/2009/04/">April (10)</a></li>
 944
 945 <li><a href="http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/archive/2009/05/">May (9)</a></li>
 946
 947 <li><a href="http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/archive/2009/06/">June (3)</a></li>
 948
 949 <li><a href="http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/archive/2009/07/">July (4)</a></li>
 950
 951 <li><a href="http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/archive/2009/08/">August (3)</a></li>
 952
 953 <li><a href="http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/archive/2009/09/">September (1)</a></li>
 954
 955 <li><a href="http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/archive/2009/10/">October (2)</a></li>
 956
 957 <li><a href="http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/archive/2009/11/">November (3)</a></li>
 958
 959 <li><a href="http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/archive/2009/12/">December (3)</a></li>
 960
 961 </ul></li>
 962
 963 <li>2008
 964 <ul>
 965
 966 <li><a href="http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/archive/2008/11/">November (5)</a></li>
 967
 968 <li><a href="http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/archive/2008/12/">December (7)</a></li>
 969
 970 </ul></li>
 971
 972 </ul>
 973
 974
 975
 976 <h2>Tags</h2>
 977 <ul>
 978
 979  <li><a href="http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/tags/3d-printer">3d-printer (13)</a></li>
 980
 981  <li><a href="http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/tags/amiga">amiga (1)</a></li>
 982
 983  <li><a href="http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/tags/aros">aros (1)</a></li>
 984
 985  <li><a href="http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/tags/bankid">bankid (4)</a></li>
 986
 987  <li><a href="http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/tags/bitcoin">bitcoin (5)</a></li>
 988
 989  <li><a href="http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/tags/bootsystem">bootsystem (12)</a></li>
 990
 991  <li><a href="http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/tags/bsa">bsa (2)</a></li>
 992
 993  <li><a href="http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/tags/debian">debian (65)</a></li>
 994
 995  <li><a href="http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/tags/debian edu">debian edu (118)</a></li>
 996
 997  <li><a href="http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/tags/digistan">digistan (9)</a></li>
 998
 999  <li><a href="http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/tags/docbook">docbook (7)</a></li>
1000
1001  <li><a href="http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/tags/drivstoffpriser">drivstoffpriser (4)</a></li>
1002
1003  <li><a href="http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/tags/english">english (171)</a></li>
1004
1005  <li><a href="http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/tags/fiksgatami">fiksgatami (21)</a></li>
1006
1007  <li><a href="http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/tags/fildeling">fildeling (12)</a></li>
1008
1009  <li><a href="http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/tags/freeculture">freeculture (10)</a></li>
1010
1011  <li><a href="http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/tags/frikanalen">frikanalen (9)</a></li>
1012
1013  <li><a href="http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/tags/intervju">intervju (32)</a></li>
1014
1015  <li><a href="http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/tags/kart">kart (17)</a></li>
1016
1017  <li><a href="http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/tags/ldap">ldap (8)</a></li>
1018
1019  <li><a href="http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/tags/lenker">lenker (6)</a></li>
1020
1021  <li><a href="http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/tags/ltsp">ltsp (1)</a></li>
1022
1023  <li><a href="http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/tags/multimedia">multimedia (25)</a></li>
1024
1025  <li><a href="http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/tags/norsk">norsk (219)</a></li>
1026
1027  <li><a href="http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/tags/nuug">nuug (148)</a></li>
1028
1029  <li><a href="http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/tags/offentlig innsyn">offentlig innsyn (6)</a></li>
1030
1031  <li><a href="http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/tags/open311">open311 (2)</a></li>
1032
1033  <li><a href="http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/tags/opphavsrett">opphavsrett (41)</a></li>
1034
1035  <li><a href="http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/tags/personvern">personvern (61)</a></li>
1036
1037  <li><a href="http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/tags/raid">raid (1)</a></li>
1038
1039  <li><a href="http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/tags/reprap">reprap (11)</a></li>
1040
1041  <li><a href="http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/tags/rfid">rfid (2)</a></li>
1042
1043  <li><a href="http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/tags/robot">robot (6)</a></li>
1044
1045  <li><a href="http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/tags/rss">rss (1)</a></li>
1046
1047  <li><a href="http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/tags/ruter">ruter (4)</a></li>
1048
1049  <li><a href="http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/tags/scraperwiki">scraperwiki (2)</a></li>
1050
1051  <li><a href="http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/tags/sikkerhet">sikkerhet (28)</a></li>
1052
1053  <li><a href="http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/tags/sitesummary">sitesummary (4)</a></li>
1054
1055  <li><a href="http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/tags/skepsis">skepsis (4)</a></li>
1056
1057  <li><a href="http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/tags/standard">standard (39)</a></li>
1058
1059  <li><a href="http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/tags/stavekontroll">stavekontroll (3)</a></li>
1060
1061  <li><a href="http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/tags/stortinget">stortinget (5)</a></li>
1062
1063  <li><a href="http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/tags/surveillance">surveillance (12)</a></li>
1064
1065  <li><a href="http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/tags/sysadmin">sysadmin (1)</a></li>
1066
1067  <li><a href="http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/tags/valg">valg (7)</a></li>
1068
1069  <li><a href="http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/tags/video">video (35)</a></li>
1070
1071  <li><a href="http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/tags/vitenskap">vitenskap (4)</a></li>
1072
1073  <li><a href="http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/tags/web">web (26)</a></li>
1074
1075 </ul>
1076
1077
1078     </div>
1079     <p style="text-align: right">
1080  Created by <a href="http://steve.org.uk/Software/chronicle">Chronicle v4.4</a>
1081 </p>
1082
1083   </body>
1084 </html>