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  13  <h1>
  14      <a href="https://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/">Petter Reinholdtsen</a>
  15
  16  </h1>
  17
  18 </div>
  19
  20
  21
  22     <div class="entry">
  23       <div class="title"><a href="https://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/_Virkninger_av_angrefristloven___hovedfagsoppgaven_som_fikk_endret_en_lov.html">«Virkninger av angrefristloven», hovedfagsoppgaven som fikk endret en lov</a></div>
  24       <div class="date">29th October 2023</div>
  25       <div class="body"><img src="http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/images/2023-angrefristloven-nb.svg" width="20%" align="center"></a>
  26
  27 <p>1979 leverte Ole-Erik Yrvin en hovedfagsoppgave for Cand. Scient
  28   ved Institutt for sosiologi på Universitetet i Oslo på oppdrag fra
  29   Forbruker- og administrasjonsdepartementet. Oppgaven evaluerte
  30   Angrefristloven fra 1972, og det han oppdaget førte til at loven ble
  31   endret fire år senere.</p>
  32
  33 <p>Jeg har kjent Ole-Erik en stund, og synes det var trist at hans
  34   oppgave ikke lenger er tilgjengelig, hverken fra oppdragsgiver
  35   eller fra universitetet.  Hans forsøk på å få den avbildet og lagt
  36   ut på Internett har vist seg fånyttes, så derfor tilbød jeg meg for
  37   en stund tilbake å publisere den og gjøre den tilgjengelig med
  38   fribruksvilkår på Internett.  Det er nå klart, og hovedfagsoppgaven
  39   er tilgjengelig blant annet via <a
  40   href="http://www.hungry.com/~pere/publisher/">min liste over
  41   publiserte bøker</a>, både som nettside,
  42   <a href="https://www.lulu.com/search?contributor=Ole-Erik+Yrvin">digital
  43   bok i ePub-format og på papir fra lulu.com</a>.  Jeg regner med at
  44   den også vil dukke opp på nettbokhandlere i løpet av en måned eller
  45   to.</p>
  46
  47 <p>Alle tabeller og figurer er gjenskapt for bedre lesbarhet, noen
  48   skrivefeil rettet opp og mange referanser har fått flere detaljer
  49   som ISBN-nummer og DOI-referanse.  Selv om jeg ikke regner med at
  50   dette blir en kioskvelter, så håper jeg denne nye utgaven kan komme
  51   fremtiden til gled.</p>
  52
  53 <p>Som vanlig, hvis du bruker Bitcoin og ønsker å vise din støtte til
  54 det jeg driver med, setter jeg pris på om du sender Bitcoin-donasjoner
  55 til min adresse
  56 <b><a href="bitcoin:15oWEoG9dUPovwmUL9KWAnYRtNJEkP1u1b">15oWEoG9dUPovwmUL9KWAnYRtNJEkP1u1b</a></b>. Merk,
  57 betaling med bitcoin er ikke anonymt. :)</p>
  58 </div>
  59       <div class="tags">
  60
  61
  62         Tags: <a href="https://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/tags/docbook">docbook</a>, <a href="https://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/tags/norsk">norsk</a>.
  63
  64
  65       </div>
  66     </div>
  67     <div class="padding"></div>
  68
  69     <div class="entry">
  70       <div class="title"><a href="https://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/_underordnet_tjenestemann_blir_inhabil_fordi_en_overordnet_er_inhabil__.html">«underordnet tjenestemann blir inhabil fordi en overordnet er inhabil».</a></div>
  71       <div class="date"> 7th September 2023</div>
  72       <div class="body"><p>Medlemmene av Norges regjering har demonstert de siste månedene at
  73 habilitetsvureringer ikke er deres sterke side og det gjelder både
  74 Arbeiderpartiets og Senterpartiers representater. Det er heldigvis
  75 enklere i det private, da inhabilitetsreglene kun gjelder de som
  76 jobber for folket, ikke seg selv.  Sist ut er utenriksminister
  77 Huitfeldt.  I går kom nyheten om at
  78 <a href="https://www.nrk.no/nyheter/riksadvokaten_-okokrim-nestsjef-kan-behandle-huitfeldt-saken-1.16545162">Riksadvokaten
  79 har konkludert med at nestsjefen i Økokrim kan behandle sak om
  80 habilitet og innsidekunnskap</a> for Huitfeldt, på tross av at hans
  81 overordnede, sjefen for Økokrim, har meldt seg inhabil i saken.  Dette
  82 er litt rart.  I veilednigen
  83 «<a href="https://www.regjeringen.no/globalassets/upload/krd/vedlegg/komm/veiledere/habilitet_i_kommuner_og_fylkeskommuner.pdf">Habilitet
  84 i kommuner og fylkeskommuner</a>» av Kommunal- og regionaldepartementet
  85 forteller de hva som gjelder, riktig nok gjelder veiledningen ikke for
  86 Økokrim som jo ikke er kommune eller fylkeskommune, men jeg får ikke
  87 inntrykk av at dette er regler som kun gjelder for kommune og
  88 fylkeskommune:
  89
  90 <blockquote>
  91 <p>«<strong>2.1 Oversikt over inhabilitetsgrunnlagene</strong>
  92
  93 <p>De alminnelige reglene om inhabilitet for den offentlige
  94 forvaltningen er gitt i
  95 <a href="https://lovdata.no/dokument/NL/lov/1967-02-10/KAPITTEL_2#KAPITTEL_2">forvaltningsloven
  96 §§ 6 til 10</a>. Forvaltningslovens hovedregel om inhabilitet framgår
  97 av § 6. Her er det gitt tre ulike grunnlag som kan føre til at en
  98 tjenestemann eller folkevalgt blir inhabil. I § 6 første ledd
  99 bokstavene a til e er det oppstilt konkrete tilknytningsforhold mellom
 100 tjenestemannen og saken eller sakens parter som automatisk fører til
 101 inhabilitet. Annet ledd oppstiller en skjønnsmessig regel om at
 102 tjenestemannen også kan bli inhabil etter en konkret vurdering av
 103 inhabilitetsspørsmålet, der en lang rekke momenter kan være
 104 relevante. I tredje ledd er det regler om såkalt avledet
 105 inhabilitet. Det vil si at en underordnet tjenestemann blir inhabil
 106 fordi en overordnet er inhabil.»</p>
 107 </blockquote>
 108
 109 <p>Loven sier ganske enkelt «Er den overordnede tjenestemann ugild,
 110 kan avgjørelse i saken heller ikke treffes av en direkte underordnet
 111 tjenestemann i samme forvaltningsorgan.»  Jeg antar tanken er at en
 112 underordnet vil stå i fare for å tilpasse sine konklusjoner til det
 113 overordnet vil ha fordel av, for å fortsatt ha et godt forhold til sin
 114 overordnede.  Men jeg er ikke jurist og forstår nok ikke kompliserte
 115 juridiske vurderinger.  For å sitere «Kamerat Napoleon» av George
 116 Orwell: «Alle dyr er like, men noen dyr er likere enn andre».
 117 </div>
 118       <div class="tags">
 119
 120
 121         Tags: <a href="https://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/tags/norsk">norsk</a>.
 122
 123
 124       </div>
 125     </div>
 126     <div class="padding"></div>
 127
 128     <div class="entry">
 129       <div class="title"><a href="https://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/Invidious_add_on_for_Kodi_20.html">Invidious add-on for Kodi 20</a></div>
 130       <div class="date">10th August 2023</div>
 131       <div class="body"><p>I still enjoy <a href="https://kodi.tv/">Kodi</a> and
 132 <a href="https://libreelec.tv/">LibreELEC</a> as my multimedia center
 133 at home.  Sadly two of the services I really would like to use from
 134 within Kodi are not easily available.  The most wanted add-on would be
 135 one making <a href="https://archive.org/">The Internet Archive</a>
 136 available, and it has
 137 <a href="https://kodi.wiki/view/Add-on:Internet_Archive">not been
 138 working</a> for many years.  The second most wanted add-on is one
 139 using <a href="https://invidious.io/">the Invidious privacy enhanced
 140 Youtube frontent</a>.  A plugin for this has been partly working, but
 141 not been kept up to date in the Kodi add-on repository, and its
 142 upstream seem to have given it up in April this year, when the git
 143 repository was closed.  A few days ago I got tired of this sad state
 144 of affairs and decided to
 145 <a href="https://github.com/petterreinholdtsen/kodi-invidious-plugin">have
 146 a go at improving the Invidious add-on</a>.  As
 147 <a href="https://github.com/iv-org/invidious/issues/3872">Google has
 148 already attacked</a> the Invidious concept, so it need all the support
 149 if can get.  My small contribution here is to improve the service
 150 status on Kodi.</p>
 151
 152 <p>I added support to the Invidious add-on for automatically picking a
 153 working Invidious instance, instead of requiring the user to specify
 154 the URL to a specific instance after installation.  I also had a look
 155 at the set of patches floating around in the various forks on github,
 156 and decided to clean up at least some of the features I liked and
 157 integrate them into my new release branch.  Now the plugin can handle
 158 channel and short video items in search results.  Earlier it could
 159 only handle single video instances in the search response.  I also
 160 brushed up the set of metadata displayed a bit, but hope I can figure
 161 out how to get more relevant metadata displayed.</p>
 162
 163 <p>Because I only use Kodi 20 myself, I only test on version 20 and am
 164 only motivated to ensure version 20 is working.  Because of API changes
 165 between version 19 and 20, I suspect it will fail with earlier Kodi
 166 versions.</p>
 167
 168 <p>I already
 169 <a href="https://github.com/xbmc/repo-plugins/pull/4363">asked to have
 170 the add-on added</a> to the official Kodi 20 repository, and is
 171 waiting to heard back from the repo maintainers.</p>
 172
 173 <p>As usual, if you use Bitcoin and want to show your support of my
 174 activities, please send Bitcoin donations to my address
 175 <b><a href="bitcoin:15oWEoG9dUPovwmUL9KWAnYRtNJEkP1u1b">15oWEoG9dUPovwmUL9KWAnYRtNJEkP1u1b</a></b>.</p>
 176 </div>
 177       <div class="tags">
 178
 179
 180         Tags: <a href="https://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/tags/english">english</a>, <a href="https://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/tags/kodi">kodi</a>, <a href="https://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/tags/multimedia">multimedia</a>, <a href="https://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/tags/video">video</a>.
 181
 182
 183       </div>
 184     </div>
 185     <div class="padding"></div>
 186
 187     <div class="entry">
 188       <div class="title"><a href="https://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/What_did_I_learn_from_OpenSnitch_this_summer_.html">What did I learn from OpenSnitch this summer?</a></div>
 189       <div class="date">11th June 2023</div>
 190       <div class="body"><p>With yesterdays
 191 <a href="https://www.debian.org/News/2023/20230610">release of Debian
 192 12 Bookworm</a>, I am happy to know the
 193 <a href="https://tracker.debian.org/pkg/opensnitch">the interactive
 194 application firewall OpenSnitch</a> is available for a wider audience.
 195 I have been running it for a few weeks now, and have been surprised
 196 about some of the programs connecting to the Internet.  Some programs
 197 are obviously calling out from my machine, like the NTP network based
 198 clock adjusting system and Tor to reach other Tor clients, but others
 199 were more dubious.  For example, the KDE Window manager try to look up
 200 the host name in DNS, for no apparent reason, but if this lookup is
 201 blocked the KDE desktop get periodically stuck when I use it.  Another
 202 surprise was how much Firefox call home directly to mozilla.com,
 203 mozilla.net and googleapis.com, to mention a few, when I visit other
 204 web pages.  This direct connection happen even if I told Firefox to
 205 always use a proxy, and the proxy setting is ignored for this traffic.
 206 Other surprising connections come from audacity and dirmngr (I do not
 207 use Gnome).  It took some trial and error to get a good default set of
 208 permissions.  Without it, I would get popups asking for permissions at
 209 any time, also the most inconvenient ones where I am in the middle of
 210 a time sensitive gaming session.</p>
 211
 212 <p>I suspect some application developers should rethink when then need
 213 to use network connections or DNS lookups, and recommend testing
 214 OpenSnitch (only <tt>apt install opensnitch</tt> away in Debian
 215 Bookworm) to locate and report any surprising Internet connections on
 216 your desktop machine.</p>
 217
 218 <p>At the moment the upstream developer and Debian package maintainer
 219 is working on making the system more reliable in Debian, by enabling
 220 the eBPF kernel module to track processes and connections instead of
 221 depending in content in /proc/.  This should enter unstable fairly
 222 soon.</p>
 223
 224 <p>As usual, if you use Bitcoin and want to show your support of my
 225 activities, please send Bitcoin donations to my address
 226 <b><a href="bitcoin:15oWEoG9dUPovwmUL9KWAnYRtNJEkP1u1b">15oWEoG9dUPovwmUL9KWAnYRtNJEkP1u1b</a></b>.</p>
 227
 228 <p><strong>Update 2023-06-12</strong>: I got a tip about
 229 <a href="https://wiki.debian.org/PrivacyIssues">a list of privacy
 230 issues in Free Software</a> and the
 231 <a href="irc://irc.debian.org/%23debian-privacy">#debian-privacy IRC
 232 channel</a> discussing these topics.</p>
 233
 234 </div>
 235       <div class="tags">
 236
 237
 238         Tags: <a href="https://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/tags/debian">debian</a>, <a href="https://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/tags/english">english</a>, <a href="https://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/tags/opensnitch">opensnitch</a>.
 239
 240
 241       </div>
 242     </div>
 243     <div class="padding"></div>
 244
 245     <div class="entry">
 246       <div class="title"><a href="https://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/wmbusmeters__parse_data_from_your_utility_meter___nice_free_software.html">wmbusmeters, parse data from your utility meter - nice free software</a></div>
 247       <div class="date">19th May 2023</div>
 248       <div class="body"><p>There is a European standard for reading utility meters like water,
 249 gas, electricity or heat distribution meters.  The
 250 <a href="https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Meter-Bus">Meter-Bus standard
 251 (EN 13757-2, EN 13757-3 and EN 13757–4)</a> provide a cross vendor way
 252 to talk to and collect meter data.  I ran into this standard when I
 253 wanted to monitor some heat distribution meters, and managed to find
 254 free software that could do the job.  The meters in question broadcast
 255 encrypted messages with meter information via radio, and the hardest
 256 part was to track down the encryption keys from the vendor.  With this
 257 in place I could set up a MQTT gateway to submit the meter data for
 258 graphing.</p>
 259
 260 <p>The free software systems in question,
 261 <a href="https://tracker.debian.org/pkg/rtl-wmbus">rtl-wmbus</a> to
 262 read the messages from a software defined radio, and
 263 <a href="https://tracker.debian.org/pkg/wmbusmeters">wmbusmeters</a> to
 264 decrypt and decode the content of the messages, is working very well
 265 and allowe me to get frequent updates from my meters.  I got in touch
 266 with upstream last year to see if there was any interest in publishing
 267 the packages via Debian.  I was very happy to learn that Fredrik
 268 Öhrström volunteered to maintain the packages, and I have since
 269 assisted him in getting Debian package build rules in place as well as
 270 sponsoring the packages into the Debian archive.  Sadly we completed
 271 it too late for them to become part of the next stable Debian release
 272 (Bookworm).  The wmbusmeters package just cleared the NEW queue.  It
 273 will need some work to fix a built problem, but I expect Fredrik will
 274 find a solution soon.</p>
 275
 276 <p>If you got a infrastructure meter supporting the Meter Bus
 277 standard, I strongly recommend having a look at these nice
 278 packages.</p>
 279
 280 <p>As usual, if you use Bitcoin and want to show your support of my
 281 activities, please send Bitcoin donations to my address
 282 <b><a href="bitcoin:15oWEoG9dUPovwmUL9KWAnYRtNJEkP1u1b">15oWEoG9dUPovwmUL9KWAnYRtNJEkP1u1b</a></b>.</p>
 283 </div>
 284       <div class="tags">
 285
 286
 287         Tags: <a href="https://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/tags/debian">debian</a>, <a href="https://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/tags/english">english</a>, <a href="https://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/tags/nice free software">nice free software</a>.
 288
 289
 290       </div>
 291     </div>
 292     <div class="padding"></div>
 293
 294     <div class="entry">
 295       <div class="title"><a href="https://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/The_2023_LinuxCNC_Norwegian_developer_gathering.html">The 2023 LinuxCNC Norwegian developer gathering</a></div>
 296       <div class="date">14th May 2023</div>
 297       <div class="body"><p>The LinuxCNC project is making headway these days.  A lot of
 298 patches and issues have seen activity on
 299 <a href="https://github.com/LinuxCNC/linuxcnc/">the project github
 300 pages</a> recently.  A few weeks ago there was a developer gathering
 301 over at the <a href="https://tormach.com/">Tormach</a> headquarter in
 302 Wisconsin, and now we are planning a new gathering in Norway.  If you
 303 wonder what LinuxCNC is, lets quote Wikipedia:</p>
 304
 305 <blockquote>
 306 "LinuxCNC is a software system for numerical control of
 307 machines such as milling machines, lathes, plasma cutters, routers,
 308 cutting machines, robots and hexapods. It can control up to 9 axes or
 309 joints of a CNC machine using G-code (RS-274NGC) as input. It has
 310 several GUIs suited to specific kinds of usage (touch screen,
 311 interactive development)."
 312 </blockquote>
 313
 314 <p>The Norwegian developer gathering take place the weekend June 16th
 315 to 18th this year, and is open for everyone interested in contributing
 316 to LinuxCNC.  Up to date information about the gathering can be found
 317 in
 318 <a href="https://sourceforge.net/p/emc/mailman/emc-developers/thread/sa64jp06nob.fsf%40hjemme.reinholdtsen.name/#msg37837251">the
 319 developer mailing list thread</a> where the gathering was announced.
 320 Thanks to the good people at
 321 <a href="https://www.debian.org/">Debian</a>,
 322 <a href="https://www.redpill-linpro.com/">Redpill-Linpro</a> and
 323 <a href="https://www.nuugfoundation.no/no/">NUUG Foundation</a>, we
 324 have enough sponsor funds to pay for food, and shelter for the people
 325 traveling from afar to join us.  If you would like to join the
 326 gathering, get in touch.</p>
 327
 328 <p>As usual, if you use Bitcoin and want to show your support of my
 329 activities, please send Bitcoin donations to my address
 330 <b><a href="bitcoin:15oWEoG9dUPovwmUL9KWAnYRtNJEkP1u1b">15oWEoG9dUPovwmUL9KWAnYRtNJEkP1u1b</a></b>.</p>
 331 </div>
 332       <div class="tags">
 333
 334
 335         Tags: <a href="https://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/tags/debian">debian</a>, <a href="https://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/tags/english">english</a>, <a href="https://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/tags/linuxcnc">linuxcnc</a>.
 336
 337
 338       </div>
 339     </div>
 340     <div class="padding"></div>
 341
 342     <div class="entry">
 343       <div class="title"><a href="https://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/OpenSnitch_in_Debian_ready_for_prime_time.html">OpenSnitch in Debian ready for prime time</a></div>
 344       <div class="date">13th May 2023</div>
 345       <div class="body"><p>A bit delayed,
 346 <a href="https://tracker.debian.org/pkg/opensnitch">the interactive
 347 application firewall OpenSnitch</a> package in Debian now got the
 348 latest fixes ready for Debian Bookworm.  Because it depend on a
 349 package missing on some architectures, the autopkgtest check of the
 350 testing migration script did not understand that the tests were
 351 actually working, so the migration was delayed.  A bug in the package
 352 dependencies is also fixed, so those installing the firewall package
 353 (opensnitch) now also get the GUI admin tool (python3-opensnitch-ui)
 354 installed by default.  I am very grateful to Gustavo Iñiguez Goya for
 355 his work on getting the package ready for Debian Bookworm.</p>
 356
 357 <p>Armed with this package I have discovered some surprising
 358 connections from programs I believed were able to work completly
 359 offline, and it has already proven its worth, at least to me.  If you
 360 too want to get more familiar with the kind of programs using
 361 Internett connections on your machine, I recommend testing <tt>apt
 362 install opensnitch</tt> in Bookworm and see what you think.</p>
 363
 364 <p>The package is still not able to build its eBPF module within
 365 Debian.  Not sure how much work it would be to get it working, but
 366 suspect some kernel related packages need to be extended with more
 367 header files to get it working.</p>
 368
 369 <p>As usual, if you use Bitcoin and want to show your support of my
 370 activities, please send Bitcoin donations to my address
 371 <b><a href="bitcoin:15oWEoG9dUPovwmUL9KWAnYRtNJEkP1u1b">15oWEoG9dUPovwmUL9KWAnYRtNJEkP1u1b</a></b>.</p>
 372 </div>
 373       <div class="tags">
 374
 375
 376         Tags: <a href="https://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/tags/debian">debian</a>, <a href="https://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/tags/english">english</a>, <a href="https://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/tags/opensnitch">opensnitch</a>.
 377
 378
 379       </div>
 380     </div>
 381     <div class="padding"></div>
 382
 383     <div class="entry">
 384       <div class="title"><a href="https://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/Speech_to_text__she_APTly_whispered__how_hard_can_it_be_.html">Speech to text, she APTly whispered, how hard can it be?</a></div>
 385       <div class="date">23rd April 2023</div>
 386       <div class="body"><p>While visiting a convention during Easter, it occurred to me that
 387 it would be great if I could have a digital Dictaphone with
 388 transcribing capabilities, providing me with texts to cut-n-paste into
 389 stuff I need to write.  The background is that long drives often bring
 390 up the urge to write on texts I am working on, which of course is out
 391 of the question while driving.  With the release of
 392 <a href="https://github.com/openai/whisper/">OpenAI Whisper</a>, this
 393 seem to be within reach with Free Software, so I decided to give it a
 394 go.  OpenAI Whisper is a Linux based neural network system to read in
 395 audio files and provide text representation of the speech in that
 396 audio recording.  It handle multiple languages and according to its
 397 creators even can translate into a different language than the spoken
 398 one.  I have not tested the latter feature.  It can either use the CPU
 399 or a GPU with CUDA support.  As far as I can tell, CUDA in practice
 400 limit that feature to NVidia graphics cards.  I have few of those, as
 401 they do not work great with free software drivers, and have not tested
 402 the GPU option.  While looking into the matter, I did discover some
 403 work to provide CUDA support on non-NVidia GPUs, and some work with
 404 the library used by Whisper to port it to other GPUs, but have not
 405 spent much time looking into GPU support yet.  I've so far used an old
 406 X220 laptop as my test machine, and only transcribed using its
 407 CPU.</p>
 408
 409 <p>As it from a privacy standpoint is unthinkable to use computers
 410 under control of someone else (aka a "cloud" service) to transcribe
 411 ones thoughts and personal notes, I want to run the transcribing
 412 system locally on my own computers.  The only sensible approach to me
 413 is to make the effort I put into this available for any Linux user and
 414 to upload the needed packages into Debian.  Looking at Debian Bookworm, I
 415 discovered that only three packages were missing,
 416 <a href="https://bugs.debian.org/1034307">tiktoken</a>,
 417 <a href="https://bugs.debian.org/1034144">triton</a>, and
 418 <a href="https://bugs.debian.org/1034091">openai-whisper</a>.  For a while
 419 I also believed
 420 <a href="https://bugs.debian.org/1034286">ffmpeg-python</a> was
 421 needed, but as its
 422 <a href="https://github.com/kkroening/ffmpeg-python/issues/760">upstream
 423 seem to have vanished</a> I found it safer
 424 <a href="https://github.com/openai/whisper/pull/1242">to rewrite
 425 whisper</a> to stop depending on in than to introduce ffmpeg-python
 426 into Debian.  I decided to place these packages under the umbrella of
 427 <a href="https://salsa.debian.org/deeplearning-team">the Debian Deep
 428 Learning Team</a>, which seem like the best team to look after such
 429 packages.  Discussing the topic within the group also made me aware
 430 that the triton package was already a future dependency of newer
 431 versions of the torch package being planned, and would be needed after
 432 Bookworm is released.</p>
 433
 434 <p>All required code packages have been now waiting in
 435 <a href="https://ftp-master.debian.org/new.html">the Debian NEW
 436 queue</a> since Wednesday, heading for Debian Experimental until
 437 Bookworm is released.  An unsolved issue is how to handle the neural
 438 network models used by Whisper.  The default behaviour of Whisper is
 439 to require Internet connectivity and download the model requested to
 440 <tt>~/.cache/whisper/</tt> on first invocation.  This obviously would
 441 fail <a href="https://people.debian.org/~bap/dfsg-faq.html">the
 442 deserted island test of free software</a> as the Debian packages would
 443 be unusable for someone stranded with only the Debian archive and solar
 444 powered computer on a deserted island.</p>
 445
 446 <p>Because of this, I would love to include the models in the Debian
 447 mirror system.  This is problematic, as the models are very large
 448 files, which would put a heavy strain on the Debian mirror
 449 infrastructure around the globe.  The strain would be even higher if
 450 the models change often, which luckily as far as I can tell they do
 451 not.  The small model, which according to its creator is most useful
 452 for English and in my experience is not doing a great job there
 453 either, is 462 MiB (deb is 414 MiB).  The medium model, which to me
 454 seem to handle English speech fairly well is 1.5 GiB (deb is 1.3 GiB)
 455 and the large model is 2.9 GiB (deb is 2.6 GiB).  I would assume
 456 everyone with enough resources would prefer to use the large model for
 457 highest quality.  I believe the models themselves would have to go
 458 into the non-free part of the Debian archive, as they are not really
 459 including any useful source code for updating the models.  The
 460 "source", aka the model training set, according to the creators
 461 consist of "680,000 hours of multilingual and multitask supervised
 462 data collected from the web", which to me reads material with both
 463 unknown copyright terms, unavailable to the general public.  In other
 464 words, the source is not available according to the Debian Free
 465 Software Guidelines and the model should be considered non-free.</p>
 466
 467 <p>I asked the Debian FTP masters for advice regarding uploading a
 468 model package on their IRC channel, and based on the feedback there it
 469 is still unclear to me if such package would be accepted into the
 470 archive.  In any case I wrote build rules for a
 471 <a href="https://salsa.debian.org/deeplearning-team/openai-whisper-model">OpenAI
 472 Whisper model package</a> and
 473 <a href="https://github.com/openai/whisper/pull/1257">modified the
 474 Whisper code base</a> to prefer shared files under <tt>/usr/</tt> and
 475 <tt>/var/</tt> over user specific files in <tt>~/.cache/whisper/</tt>
 476 to be able to use these model packages, to prepare for such
 477 possibility.  One solution might be to include only one of the models
 478 (small or medium, I guess) in the Debian archive, and ask people to
 479 download the others from the Internet.  Not quite sure what to do
 480 here, and advice is most welcome (use the debian-ai mailing list).</p>
 481
 482 <p>To make it easier to test the new packages while I wait for them to
 483 clear the NEW queue, I created an APT source targeting bookworm.  I
 484 selected Bookworm instead of Bullseye, even though I know the latter
 485 would reach more users, is that some of the required dependencies are
 486 missing from Bullseye and I during this phase of testing did not want
 487 to backport a lot of packages just to get up and running.</p>
 488
 489 <p>Here is a recipe to run as user root if you want to test OpenAI
 490 Whisper using Debian packages on your Debian Bookworm installation,
 491 first adding the APT repository GPG key to the list of trusted keys,
 492 then setting up the APT repository and finally installing the packages
 493 and one of the models:</p>
 494
 495 <p><pre>
 496 curl https://geekbay.nuug.no/~pere/openai-whisper/D78F5C4796F353D211B119E28200D9B589641240.asc \
 497   -o /etc/apt/trusted.gpg.d/pere-whisper.asc
 498 mkdir -p /etc/apt/sources.list.d
 499 cat > /etc/apt/sources.list.d/pere-whisper.list &lt;&lt;EOF
 500 deb https://geekbay.nuug.no/~pere/openai-whisper/ bookworm main
 501 deb-src https://geekbay.nuug.no/~pere/openai-whisper/ bookworm main
 502 EOF
 503 apt update
 504 apt install openai-whisper
 505 </pre></p>
 506
 507 <p>The package work for me, but have not yet been tested on any other
 508 computer than my own.  With it, I have been able to (badly) transcribe
 509 a 2 minute 40 second Norwegian audio clip to test using the small
 510 model.  This took 11 minutes and around 2.2 GiB of RAM.  Transcribing
 511 the same file with the medium model gave a accurate text in 77 minutes
 512 using around 5.2 GiB of RAM.  My test machine had too little memory to
 513 test the large model, which I believe require 11 GiB of RAM.  In
 514 short, this now work for me using Debian packages, and I hope it will
 515 for you and everyone else once the packages enter Debian.</p>
 516
 517 <p>Now I can start on the audio recording part of this project.</p>
 518
 519 <p>As usual, if you use Bitcoin and want to show your support of my
 520 activities, please send Bitcoin donations to my address
 521 <b><a href="bitcoin:15oWEoG9dUPovwmUL9KWAnYRtNJEkP1u1b">15oWEoG9dUPovwmUL9KWAnYRtNJEkP1u1b</a></b>.</p>
 522 </div>
 523       <div class="tags">
 524
 525
 526         Tags: <a href="https://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/tags/debian">debian</a>, <a href="https://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/tags/english">english</a>, <a href="https://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/tags/multimedia">multimedia</a>, <a href="https://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/tags/video">video</a>.
 527
 528
 529       </div>
 530     </div>
 531     <div class="padding"></div>
 532
 533     <div class="entry">
 534       <div class="title"><a href="https://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/rtlsdr_scanner__software_defined_radio_frequency_scanner_for_Linux____nice_free_software.html">rtlsdr-scanner, software defined radio frequency scanner for Linux  - nice free software</a></div>
 535       <div class="date"> 7th April 2023</div>
 536       <div class="body"><p>Today I finally found time to track down a useful radio frequency
 537 scanner for my software defined radio.  Just for fun I tried to locate
 538 the radios used in the areas, and a good start would be to scan all
 539 the frequencies to see what is in use.  I've tried to find a useful
 540 program earlier, but ran out of time before I managed to find a useful
 541 tool.  This time I was more successful, and after a few false leads I
 542 found a description of
 543 <a href="https://www.kali.org/tools/rtlsdr-scanner/">rtlsdr-scanner
 544 over at the Kali site</a>, and was able to track down
 545 <a href="https://gitlab.com/kalilinux/packages/rtlsdr-scanner.git">the
 546 Kali package git repository</a> to build a deb package for the
 547 scanner.  Sadly the package is missing from the Debian project itself,
 548 at least in Debian Bullseye.  Two runtime dependencies,
 549 <a href="https://gitlab.com/kalilinux/packages/python-visvis.git">python-visvis</a>
 550 and
 551 <a href="https://gitlab.com/kalilinux/packages/python-rtlsdr.git">python-rtlsdr</a>
 552 had to be built and installed separately.  Luckily '<tt>gbp
 553 buildpackage</tt>' handled them just fine and no further packages had
 554 to be manually built.  The end result worked out of the box after
 555 installation.</p>
 556
 557 <p>My initial scans for FM channels worked just fine, so I knew the
 558 scanner was functioning.  But when I tried to scan every frequency
 559 from 100 to 1000 MHz, the program stopped unexpectedly near the
 560 completion.  After some debugging I discovered USB software radio I
 561 used rejected frequencies above 948 MHz, triggering a unreported
 562 exception breaking the scan.  Changing the scan to end at 957 worked
 563 better.  I similarly found the lower limit to be around 15, and ended
 564 up with the following full scan:</p>
 565
 566 <p><a href="https://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/images/2023-04-07-radio-freq-scanning.png"><img src="https://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/images/2023-04-07-radio-freq-scanning.png" width="100%"></a></p>
 567
 568 <p>Saving the scan did not work, but exporting it as a CSV file worked
 569 just fine.  I ended up with around 477k CVS lines with dB level for
 570 the given frequency.</p>
 571
 572 <p>The save failure seem to be a missing UTF-8 encoding issue in the
 573 python code.  Will see if I can find time to send a patch
 574 <a href="https://github.com/CdeMills/RTLSDR-Scanner/">upstream</a>
 575 later to fix this exception:</p>
 576
 577 <pre>
 578 Traceback (most recent call last):
 579   File "/usr/lib/python3/dist-packages/rtlsdr_scanner/main_window.py", line 485, in __on_save
 580     save_plot(fullName, self.scanInfo, self.spectrum, self.locations)
 581   File "/usr/lib/python3/dist-packages/rtlsdr_scanner/file.py", line 408, in save_plot
 582     handle.write(json.dumps(data, indent=4))
 583 TypeError: a bytes-like object is required, not 'str'
 584 Traceback (most recent call last):
 585   File "/usr/lib/python3/dist-packages/rtlsdr_scanner/main_window.py", line 485, in __on_save
 586     save_plot(fullName, self.scanInfo, self.spectrum, self.locations)
 587   File "/usr/lib/python3/dist-packages/rtlsdr_scanner/file.py", line 408, in save_plot
 588     handle.write(json.dumps(data, indent=4))
 589 TypeError: a bytes-like object is required, not 'str'
 590 </pre>
 591
 592 <p>As usual, if you use Bitcoin and want to show your support of my
 593 activities, please send Bitcoin donations to my address
 594 <b><a href="bitcoin:15oWEoG9dUPovwmUL9KWAnYRtNJEkP1u1b">15oWEoG9dUPovwmUL9KWAnYRtNJEkP1u1b</a></b>.</p>
 595 </div>
 596       <div class="tags">
 597
 598
 599         Tags: <a href="https://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/tags/debian">debian</a>, <a href="https://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/tags/english">english</a>, <a href="https://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/tags/nice free software">nice free software</a>.
 600
 601
 602       </div>
 603     </div>
 604     <div class="padding"></div>
 605
 606     <div class="entry">
 607       <div class="title"><a href="https://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/OpenSnitch_available_in_Debian_Sid_and_Bookworm.html">OpenSnitch available in Debian Sid and Bookworm</a></div>
 608       <div class="date">25th February 2023</div>
 609       <div class="body"><p>Thanks to the efforts of the OpenSnitch lead developer Gustavo
 610 Iñiguez Goya allowing me to sponsor the upload,
 611 <a href="https://tracker.debian.org/pkg/opensnitch">the interactive
 612 application firewall OpenSnitch</a> is now available in Debian
 613 Testing, soon to become the next stable release of Debian.</p>
 614
 615 <p>This is a package which set up a network firewall on one or more
 616 machines, which is controlled by a graphical user interface that will
 617 ask the user if a program should be allowed to connect to the local
 618 network or the Internet.  If some background daemon is trying to dial
 619 home, it can be blocked from doing so with a simple mouse click, or by
 620 default simply by not doing anything when the GUI question dialog pop
 621 up.  A list of all programs discovered using the network is provided
 622 in the GUI, giving the user an overview of how the machine(s) programs
 623 use the network.</p>
 624
 625 <p>OpenSnitch was uploaded for NEW processing about a month ago, and I
 626 had little hope of it getting accepted and shaping up in time for the
 627 package freeze, but the Debian ftpmasters proved to be amazingly quick
 628 at checking out the package and it was accepted into the archive about
 629 week after the first upload.  It is now team maintained under the Go
 630 language team umbrella.  A few fixes to the default setup is only in
 631 Sid, and should migrate to Testing/Bookworm in a week.</p>
 632
 633 <p>During testing I ran into an
 634 <a href="https://github.com/evilsocket/opensnitch/issues/813">issue
 635 with Minecraft server broadcasts disappearing</a>, which was quickly
 636 resolved by the developer with a patch and a proposed configuration
 637 change.  I've been told this was caused by the Debian packages default
 638 use if /proc/ information to track down kernel status, instead of the
 639 newer eBPF module that can be used.  The reason is simply that
 640 upstream and I have failed to find a way to build the eBPF modules for
 641 OpenSnitch without a complete configured Linux kernel source tree,
 642 which as far as we can tell is unavailable as a build dependency in
 643 Debian.  We tried unsuccessfully so far to use the kernel-headers
 644 package.  It would be great if someone could provide some clues how to
 645 build eBPF modules on build daemons in Debian, possibly without the full
 646 kernel source.</p>
 647
 648 <p>As usual, if you use Bitcoin and want to show your support of my
 649 activities, please send Bitcoin donations to my address
 650 <b><a href="bitcoin:15oWEoG9dUPovwmUL9KWAnYRtNJEkP1u1b">15oWEoG9dUPovwmUL9KWAnYRtNJEkP1u1b</a></b>.</p>
 651 </div>
 652       <div class="tags">
 653
 654
 655         Tags: <a href="https://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/tags/debian">debian</a>, <a href="https://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/tags/english">english</a>, <a href="https://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/tags/opensnitch">opensnitch</a>.
 656
 657
 658       </div>
 659     </div>
 660     <div class="padding"></div>
 661
 662     <p style="text-align: right;"><a href="index.rss"><img src="https://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/xml.gif" alt="RSS feed" width="36" height="14" /></a></p>
 663     <div id="sidebar">
 664
 665
 666
 667 <h2>Archive</h2>
 668 <ul>
 669
 670 <li>2023
 671 <ul>
 672
 673 <li><a href="https://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/archive/2023/01/">January (3)</a></li>
 674
 675 <li><a href="https://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/archive/2023/02/">February (1)</a></li>
 676
 677 <li><a href="https://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/archive/2023/04/">April (2)</a></li>
 678
 679 <li><a href="https://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/archive/2023/05/">May (3)</a></li>
 680
 681 <li><a href="https://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/archive/2023/06/">June (1)</a></li>
 682
 683 <li><a href="https://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/archive/2023/08/">August (1)</a></li>
 684
 685 <li><a href="https://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/archive/2023/09/">September (1)</a></li>
 686
 687 <li><a href="https://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/archive/2023/10/">October (1)</a></li>
 688
 689 </ul></li>
 690
 691 <li>2022
 692 <ul>
 693
 694 <li><a href="https://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/archive/2022/02/">February (1)</a></li>
 695
 696 <li><a href="https://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/archive/2022/03/">March (3)</a></li>
 697
 698 <li><a href="https://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/archive/2022/04/">April (2)</a></li>
 699
 700 <li><a href="https://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/archive/2022/06/">June (2)</a></li>
 701
 702 <li><a href="https://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/archive/2022/07/">July (1)</a></li>
 703
 704 <li><a href="https://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/archive/2022/09/">September (1)</a></li>
 705
 706 <li><a href="https://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/archive/2022/10/">October (1)</a></li>
 707
 708 <li><a href="https://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/archive/2022/12/">December (1)</a></li>
 709
 710 </ul></li>
 711
 712 <li>2021
 713 <ul>
 714
 715 <li><a href="https://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/archive/2021/01/">January (2)</a></li>
 716
 717 <li><a href="https://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/archive/2021/02/">February (1)</a></li>
 718
 719 <li><a href="https://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/archive/2021/05/">May (1)</a></li>
 720
 721 <li><a href="https://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/archive/2021/06/">June (1)</a></li>
 722
 723 <li><a href="https://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/archive/2021/07/">July (3)</a></li>
 724
 725 <li><a href="https://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/archive/2021/08/">August (1)</a></li>
 726
 727 <li><a href="https://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/archive/2021/09/">September (1)</a></li>
 728
 729 <li><a href="https://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/archive/2021/10/">October (1)</a></li>
 730
 731 <li><a href="https://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/archive/2021/12/">December (1)</a></li>
 732
 733 </ul></li>
 734
 735 <li>2020
 736 <ul>
 737
 738 <li><a href="https://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/archive/2020/02/">February (2)</a></li>
 739
 740 <li><a href="https://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/archive/2020/03/">March (2)</a></li>
 741
 742 <li><a href="https://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/archive/2020/04/">April (2)</a></li>
 743
 744 <li><a href="https://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/archive/2020/05/">May (3)</a></li>
 745
 746 <li><a href="https://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/archive/2020/06/">June (2)</a></li>
 747
 748 <li><a href="https://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/archive/2020/07/">July (1)</a></li>
 749
 750 <li><a href="https://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/archive/2020/09/">September (1)</a></li>
 751
 752 <li><a href="https://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/archive/2020/10/">October (1)</a></li>
 753
 754 <li><a href="https://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/archive/2020/11/">November (1)</a></li>
 755
 756 </ul></li>
 757
 758 <li>2019
 759 <ul>
 760
 761 <li><a href="https://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/archive/2019/01/">January (4)</a></li>
 762
 763 <li><a href="https://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/archive/2019/02/">February (3)</a></li>
 764
 765 <li><a href="https://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/archive/2019/03/">March (3)</a></li>
 766
 767 <li><a href="https://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/archive/2019/05/">May (2)</a></li>
 768
 769 <li><a href="https://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/archive/2019/06/">June (5)</a></li>
 770
 771 <li><a href="https://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/archive/2019/07/">July (2)</a></li>
 772
 773 <li><a href="https://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/archive/2019/08/">August (1)</a></li>
 774
 775 <li><a href="https://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/archive/2019/09/">September (1)</a></li>
 776
 777 <li><a href="https://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/archive/2019/11/">November (1)</a></li>
 778
 779 <li><a href="https://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/archive/2019/12/">December (4)</a></li>
 780
 781 </ul></li>
 782
 783 <li>2018
 784 <ul>
 785
 786 <li><a href="https://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/archive/2018/01/">January (1)</a></li>
 787
 788 <li><a href="https://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/archive/2018/02/">February (5)</a></li>
 789
 790 <li><a href="https://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/archive/2018/03/">March (5)</a></li>
 791
 792 <li><a href="https://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/archive/2018/04/">April (3)</a></li>
 793
 794 <li><a href="https://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/archive/2018/06/">June (2)</a></li>
 795
 796 <li><a href="https://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/archive/2018/07/">July (5)</a></li>
 797
 798 <li><a href="https://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/archive/2018/08/">August (3)</a></li>
 799
 800 <li><a href="https://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/archive/2018/09/">September (3)</a></li>
 801
 802 <li><a href="https://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/archive/2018/10/">October (5)</a></li>
 803
 804 <li><a href="https://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/archive/2018/11/">November (2)</a></li>
 805
 806 <li><a href="https://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/archive/2018/12/">December (4)</a></li>
 807
 808 </ul></li>
 809
 810 <li>2017
 811 <ul>
 812
 813 <li><a href="https://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/archive/2017/01/">January (4)</a></li>
 814
 815 <li><a href="https://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/archive/2017/02/">February (3)</a></li>
 816
 817 <li><a href="https://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/archive/2017/03/">March (5)</a></li>
 818
 819 <li><a href="https://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/archive/2017/04/">April (2)</a></li>
 820
 821 <li><a href="https://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/archive/2017/06/">June (5)</a></li>
 822
 823 <li><a href="https://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/archive/2017/07/">July (1)</a></li>
 824
 825 <li><a href="https://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/archive/2017/08/">August (1)</a></li>
 826
 827 <li><a href="https://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/archive/2017/09/">September (3)</a></li>
 828
 829 <li><a href="https://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/archive/2017/10/">October (5)</a></li>
 830
 831 <li><a href="https://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/archive/2017/11/">November (3)</a></li>
 832
 833 <li><a href="https://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/archive/2017/12/">December (4)</a></li>
 834
 835 </ul></li>
 836
 837 <li>2016
 838 <ul>
 839
 840 <li><a href="https://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/archive/2016/01/">January (3)</a></li>
 841
 842 <li><a href="https://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/archive/2016/02/">February (2)</a></li>
 843
 844 <li><a href="https://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/archive/2016/03/">March (3)</a></li>
 845
 846 <li><a href="https://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/archive/2016/04/">April (8)</a></li>
 847
 848 <li><a href="https://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/archive/2016/05/">May (8)</a></li>
 849
 850 <li><a href="https://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/archive/2016/06/">June (2)</a></li>
 851
 852 <li><a href="https://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/archive/2016/07/">July (2)</a></li>
 853
 854 <li><a href="https://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/archive/2016/08/">August (5)</a></li>
 855
 856 <li><a href="https://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/archive/2016/09/">September (2)</a></li>
 857
 858 <li><a href="https://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/archive/2016/10/">October (3)</a></li>
 859
 860 <li><a href="https://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/archive/2016/11/">November (8)</a></li>
 861
 862 <li><a href="https://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/archive/2016/12/">December (5)</a></li>
 863
 864 </ul></li>
 865
 866 <li>2015
 867 <ul>
 868
 869 <li><a href="https://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/archive/2015/01/">January (7)</a></li>
 870
 871 <li><a href="https://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/archive/2015/02/">February (6)</a></li>
 872
 873 <li><a href="https://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/archive/2015/03/">March (1)</a></li>
 874
 875 <li><a href="https://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/archive/2015/04/">April (4)</a></li>
 876
 877 <li><a href="https://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/archive/2015/05/">May (3)</a></li>
 878
 879 <li><a href="https://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/archive/2015/06/">June (4)</a></li>
 880
 881 <li><a href="https://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/archive/2015/07/">July (6)</a></li>
 882
 883 <li><a href="https://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/archive/2015/08/">August (2)</a></li>
 884
 885 <li><a href="https://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/archive/2015/09/">September (2)</a></li>
 886
 887 <li><a href="https://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/archive/2015/10/">October (9)</a></li>
 888
 889 <li><a href="https://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/archive/2015/11/">November (6)</a></li>
 890
 891 <li><a href="https://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/archive/2015/12/">December (3)</a></li>
 892
 893 </ul></li>
 894
 895 <li>2014
 896 <ul>
 897
 898 <li><a href="https://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/archive/2014/01/">January (2)</a></li>
 899
 900 <li><a href="https://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/archive/2014/02/">February (3)</a></li>
 901
 902 <li><a href="https://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/archive/2014/03/">March (8)</a></li>
 903
 904 <li><a href="https://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/archive/2014/04/">April (7)</a></li>
 905
 906 <li><a href="https://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/archive/2014/05/">May (1)</a></li>
 907
 908 <li><a href="https://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/archive/2014/06/">June (2)</a></li>
 909
 910 <li><a href="https://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/archive/2014/07/">July (2)</a></li>
 911
 912 <li><a href="https://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/archive/2014/08/">August (2)</a></li>
 913
 914 <li><a href="https://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/archive/2014/09/">September (5)</a></li>
 915
 916 <li><a href="https://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/archive/2014/10/">October (6)</a></li>
 917
 918 <li><a href="https://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/archive/2014/11/">November (3)</a></li>
 919
 920 <li><a href="https://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/archive/2014/12/">December (5)</a></li>
 921
 922 </ul></li>
 923
 924 <li>2013
 925 <ul>
 926
 927 <li><a href="https://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/archive/2013/01/">January (11)</a></li>
 928
 929 <li><a href="https://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/archive/2013/02/">February (9)</a></li>
 930
 931 <li><a href="https://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/archive/2013/03/">March (9)</a></li>
 932
 933 <li><a href="https://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/archive/2013/04/">April (6)</a></li>
 934
 935 <li><a href="https://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/archive/2013/05/">May (9)</a></li>
 936
 937 <li><a href="https://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/archive/2013/06/">June (10)</a></li>
 938
 939 <li><a href="https://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/archive/2013/07/">July (7)</a></li>
 940
 941 <li><a href="https://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/archive/2013/08/">August (3)</a></li>
 942
 943 <li><a href="https://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/archive/2013/09/">September (5)</a></li>
 944
 945 <li><a href="https://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/archive/2013/10/">October (7)</a></li>
 946
 947 <li><a href="https://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/archive/2013/11/">November (9)</a></li>
 948
 949 <li><a href="https://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/archive/2013/12/">December (3)</a></li>
 950
 951 </ul></li>
 952
 953 <li>2012
 954 <ul>
 955
 956 <li><a href="https://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/archive/2012/01/">January (7)</a></li>
 957
 958 <li><a href="https://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/archive/2012/02/">February (10)</a></li>
 959
 960 <li><a href="https://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/archive/2012/03/">March (17)</a></li>
 961
 962 <li><a href="https://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/archive/2012/04/">April (12)</a></li>
 963
 964 <li><a href="https://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/archive/2012/05/">May (12)</a></li>
 965
 966 <li><a href="https://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/archive/2012/06/">June (20)</a></li>
 967
 968 <li><a href="https://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/archive/2012/07/">July (17)</a></li>
 969
 970 <li><a href="https://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/archive/2012/08/">August (6)</a></li>
 971
 972 <li><a href="https://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/archive/2012/09/">September (9)</a></li>
 973
 974 <li><a href="https://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/archive/2012/10/">October (17)</a></li>
 975
 976 <li><a href="https://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/archive/2012/11/">November (10)</a></li>
 977
 978 <li><a href="https://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/archive/2012/12/">December (7)</a></li>
 979
 980 </ul></li>
 981
 982 <li>2011
 983 <ul>
 984
 985 <li><a href="https://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/archive/2011/01/">January (16)</a></li>
 986
 987 <li><a href="https://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/archive/2011/02/">February (6)</a></li>
 988
 989 <li><a href="https://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/archive/2011/03/">March (6)</a></li>
 990
 991 <li><a href="https://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/archive/2011/04/">April (7)</a></li>
 992
 993 <li><a href="https://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/archive/2011/05/">May (3)</a></li>
 994
 995 <li><a href="https://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/archive/2011/06/">June (2)</a></li>
 996
 997 <li><a href="https://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/archive/2011/07/">July (7)</a></li>
 998
 999 <li><a href="https://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/archive/2011/08/">August (6)</a></li>
1000
1001 <li><a href="https://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/archive/2011/09/">September (4)</a></li>
1002
1003 <li><a href="https://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/archive/2011/10/">October (2)</a></li>
1004
1005 <li><a href="https://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/archive/2011/11/">November (3)</a></li>
1006
1007 <li><a href="https://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/archive/2011/12/">December (1)</a></li>
1008
1009 </ul></li>
1010
1011 <li>2010
1012 <ul>
1013
1014 <li><a href="https://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/archive/2010/01/">January (2)</a></li>
1015
1016 <li><a href="https://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/archive/2010/02/">February (1)</a></li>
1017
1018 <li><a href="https://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/archive/2010/03/">March (3)</a></li>
1019
1020 <li><a href="https://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/archive/2010/04/">April (3)</a></li>
1021
1022 <li><a href="https://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/archive/2010/05/">May (9)</a></li>
1023
1024 <li><a href="https://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/archive/2010/06/">June (14)</a></li>
1025
1026 <li><a href="https://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/archive/2010/07/">July (12)</a></li>
1027
1028 <li><a href="https://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/archive/2010/08/">August (13)</a></li>
1029
1030 <li><a href="https://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/archive/2010/09/">September (7)</a></li>
1031
1032 <li><a href="https://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/archive/2010/10/">October (9)</a></li>
1033
1034 <li><a href="https://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/archive/2010/11/">November (13)</a></li>
1035
1036 <li><a href="https://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/archive/2010/12/">December (12)</a></li>
1037
1038 </ul></li>
1039
1040 <li>2009
1041 <ul>
1042
1043 <li><a href="https://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/archive/2009/01/">January (8)</a></li>
1044
1045 <li><a href="https://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/archive/2009/02/">February (8)</a></li>
1046
1047 <li><a href="https://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/archive/2009/03/">March (12)</a></li>
1048
1049 <li><a href="https://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/archive/2009/04/">April (10)</a></li>
1050
1051 <li><a href="https://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/archive/2009/05/">May (9)</a></li>
1052
1053 <li><a href="https://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/archive/2009/06/">June (3)</a></li>
1054
1055 <li><a href="https://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/archive/2009/07/">July (4)</a></li>
1056
1057 <li><a href="https://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/archive/2009/08/">August (3)</a></li>
1058
1059 <li><a href="https://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/archive/2009/09/">September (1)</a></li>
1060
1061 <li><a href="https://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/archive/2009/10/">October (2)</a></li>
1062
1063 <li><a href="https://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/archive/2009/11/">November (3)</a></li>
1064
1065 <li><a href="https://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/archive/2009/12/">December (3)</a></li>
1066
1067 </ul></li>
1068
1069 <li>2008
1070 <ul>
1071
1072 <li><a href="https://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/archive/2008/11/">November (5)</a></li>
1073
1074 <li><a href="https://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/archive/2008/12/">December (7)</a></li>
1075
1076 </ul></li>
1077
1078 </ul>
1079
1080
1081
1082 <h2>Tags</h2>
1083 <ul>
1084
1085  <li><a href="https://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/tags/3d-printer">3d-printer (19)</a></li>
1086
1087  <li><a href="https://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/tags/amiga">amiga (1)</a></li>
1088
1089  <li><a href="https://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/tags/aros">aros (1)</a></li>
1090
1091  <li><a href="https://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/tags/bankid">bankid (4)</a></li>
1092
1093  <li><a href="https://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/tags/betalkontant">betalkontant (9)</a></li>
1094
1095  <li><a href="https://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/tags/bitcoin">bitcoin (12)</a></li>
1096
1097  <li><a href="https://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/tags/bootsystem">bootsystem (17)</a></li>
1098
1099  <li><a href="https://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/tags/bsa">bsa (2)</a></li>
1100
1101  <li><a href="https://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/tags/chrpath">chrpath (2)</a></li>
1102
1103  <li><a href="https://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/tags/debian">debian (194)</a></li>
1104
1105  <li><a href="https://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/tags/debian edu">debian edu (159)</a></li>
1106
1107  <li><a href="https://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/tags/debian-handbook">debian-handbook (9)</a></li>
1108
1109  <li><a href="https://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/tags/digistan">digistan (11)</a></li>
1110
1111  <li><a href="https://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/tags/dld">dld (18)</a></li>
1112
1113  <li><a href="https://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/tags/docbook">docbook (31)</a></li>
1114
1115  <li><a href="https://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/tags/drivstoffpriser">drivstoffpriser (4)</a></li>
1116
1117  <li><a href="https://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/tags/english">english (451)</a></li>
1118
1119  <li><a href="https://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/tags/fiksgatami">fiksgatami (23)</a></li>
1120
1121  <li><a href="https://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/tags/fildeling">fildeling (14)</a></li>
1122
1123  <li><a href="https://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/tags/freeculture">freeculture (34)</a></li>
1124
1125  <li><a href="https://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/tags/freedombox">freedombox (9)</a></li>
1126
1127  <li><a href="https://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/tags/frikanalen">frikanalen (20)</a></li>
1128
1129  <li><a href="https://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/tags/h264">h264 (20)</a></li>
1130
1131  <li><a href="https://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/tags/intervju">intervju (43)</a></li>
1132
1133  <li><a href="https://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/tags/isenkram">isenkram (16)</a></li>
1134
1135  <li><a href="https://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/tags/kart">kart (23)</a></li>
1136
1137  <li><a href="https://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/tags/kodi">kodi (6)</a></li>
1138
1139  <li><a href="https://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/tags/ldap">ldap (9)</a></li>
1140
1141  <li><a href="https://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/tags/lego">lego (5)</a></li>
1142
1143  <li><a href="https://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/tags/lenker">lenker (8)</a></li>
1144
1145  <li><a href="https://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/tags/linuxcnc">linuxcnc (5)</a></li>
1146
1147  <li><a href="https://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/tags/lsdvd">lsdvd (2)</a></li>
1148
1149  <li><a href="https://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/tags/ltsp">ltsp (1)</a></li>
1150
1151  <li><a href="https://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/tags/madewithcc">madewithcc (3)</a></li>
1152
1153  <li><a href="https://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/tags/mesh network">mesh network (8)</a></li>
1154
1155  <li><a href="https://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/tags/multimedia">multimedia (46)</a></li>
1156
1157  <li><a href="https://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/tags/nice free software">nice free software (15)</a></li>
1158
1159  <li><a href="https://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/tags/noark5">noark5 (23)</a></li>
1160
1161  <li><a href="https://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/tags/norsk">norsk (322)</a></li>
1162
1163  <li><a href="https://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/tags/nuug">nuug (198)</a></li>
1164
1165  <li><a href="https://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/tags/offentlig innsyn">offentlig innsyn (40)</a></li>
1166
1167  <li><a href="https://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/tags/open311">open311 (2)</a></li>
1168
1169  <li><a href="https://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/tags/opensnitch">opensnitch (4)</a></li>
1170
1171  <li><a href="https://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/tags/opphavsrett">opphavsrett (75)</a></li>
1172
1173  <li><a href="https://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/tags/personvern">personvern (114)</a></li>
1174
1175  <li><a href="https://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/tags/raid">raid (2)</a></li>
1176
1177  <li><a href="https://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/tags/reactos">reactos (1)</a></li>
1178
1179  <li><a href="https://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/tags/reprap">reprap (11)</a></li>
1180
1181  <li><a href="https://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/tags/rfid">rfid (3)</a></li>
1182
1183  <li><a href="https://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/tags/robot">robot (17)</a></li>
1184
1185  <li><a href="https://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/tags/rss">rss (1)</a></li>
1186
1187  <li><a href="https://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/tags/ruter">ruter (7)</a></li>
1188
1189  <li><a href="https://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/tags/scraperwiki">scraperwiki (2)</a></li>
1190
1191  <li><a href="https://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/tags/sikkerhet">sikkerhet (59)</a></li>
1192
1193  <li><a href="https://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/tags/sitesummary">sitesummary (4)</a></li>
1194
1195  <li><a href="https://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/tags/skepsis">skepsis (5)</a></li>
1196
1197  <li><a href="https://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/tags/standard">standard (74)</a></li>
1198
1199  <li><a href="https://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/tags/stavekontroll">stavekontroll (7)</a></li>
1200
1201  <li><a href="https://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/tags/stortinget">stortinget (14)</a></li>
1202
1203  <li><a href="https://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/tags/surveillance">surveillance (64)</a></li>
1204
1205  <li><a href="https://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/tags/sysadmin">sysadmin (5)</a></li>
1206
1207  <li><a href="https://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/tags/usenix">usenix (2)</a></li>
1208
1209  <li><a href="https://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/tags/valg">valg (9)</a></li>
1210
1211  <li><a href="https://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/tags/verkidetfri">verkidetfri (20)</a></li>
1212
1213  <li><a href="https://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/tags/video">video (79)</a></li>
1214
1215  <li><a href="https://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/tags/vitenskap">vitenskap (4)</a></li>
1216
1217  <li><a href="https://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/tags/web">web (42)</a></li>
1218
1219 </ul>
1220
1221
1222     </div>
1223     <p style="text-align: right">
1224  Created by <a href="http://steve.org.uk/Software/chronicle">Chronicle v4.6</a>
1225 </p>
1226
1227   </body>
1228 </html>